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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/garanceburke\" target=\"_blank\">Garance Burke\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_123805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/FolsomLake1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-123805\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/FolsomLake1-640x450.jpg\" alt=\"Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento, pictured in January as it reached its winter low. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento, pictured in January as it reached its winter low. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Throughout California's desperately dry Central Valley, those with water to spare are cashing in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a third drought year forces farmers to fallow fields and lay off workers, two water districts and a pair of landowners in the heart of the state's farmland stand to make millions of dollars by pumping their groundwater and selling it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 40 others also are seeking to sell surplus water this year, according to state and federal records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economists say it's been decades since the water market has been this hot. In the last five years alone, the price has grown tenfold to as much as $2,200 an acre-foot. That's about 326,000 gallons of water, typically described as enough to supply two average California households for a year.[contextly_sidebar id=\"071aefa1394c9e3207ff540094c14b00\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the previous drought in 2009, the state has been hands-off, letting the market set the price even though severe shortages prompted a statewide drought emergency declaration this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water economists have called for more state regulation to keep aquifers from being depleted and ensure the market is not subject to manipulation such as that seen in the energy crisis of summer 2001, when the state was besieged by rolling blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you have a really scarce natural resource that the state's economy depends on, it would be nice to have it run efficiently and transparently,\" said Richard Howitt, professor emeritus at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the sellers include some who hold claims on water that date back a century, private firms that are extracting groundwater and landowners who stored water when it was plentiful in underground storage facilities called water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This year the market is unbelievable,\" said Thomas Greci, general manager of the Madera Irrigation District, which recently made nearly $7 million from selling about 3,200 acre-feet. \"And this is a way to pay our bills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the Madera's district's water went to farms. The city of Santa Barbara, which has its own water shortages, was outbid.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'This year the market is unbelievable. And this is a way to pay our bills.'\u003ccite>Thomas Greci,\u003cbr>\nMadera Irrigation District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The prices are so high in some rural pockets that water auctions have become a spectacle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One agricultural water district amid the almond orchards and oil fields northwest of Bakersfield announced earlier this year it would sell off extra water it acquired through a more than century-old right to use flows from the Kern River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local TV crews and journalists flocked to the district's office in February to watch as manager Maurice Etchechury opened dozens of bids enclosed in sealed envelopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now everyone's mad at me, saying I increased the price of water. I didn't do it, the weather did it,\" said Etchechury, who manages the Buena Vista Water Storage District, which netted about $13.5 million from the auction of 12,000 acre-feet of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The severity of this year's drought means that the amount of water shipped from Northern California to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California has been severely limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the last drought, the state Department of Water Resources (DWR) ran a drought water bank, which helped broker deals between those who were short of water and those who had plenty. But several environmental groups sued, alleging the state failed to comply with the California Environmental Quality Act in approving the sales, and won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the state is standing aside, saying buyers and sellers have not asked for the state's help. \"We think that buyers and sellers can negotiate their own deals better than the state,\" said Nancy Quan, a supervising engineer with the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DWR, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the State Water Resources Control Board have tracked at least 38 separate sales this year, but the agencies are not aware of all sales, nor do they keep track of the price of water sold, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maximum volume that could change hands through the 38 transactions is 730,323 acre-feet, which is about 25 percent of what the State Water Project has delivered to farms and cities in an average year in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure still doesn't include the many private water sales that do not require any use of government-run pipes or canals, including several chronicled by the AP. It's not clear, however, how much of this water will be sold via auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those in the best position to sell water this year have been able to store their excess supplies in underground banks, a tool widely embraced in the West for making water supplies reliable and marketable. The area surrounding Bakersfield is home to some of the country's largest water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drought is so severe that aggressive pumping of the banked supplies may cause some wells to run dry by year's end, said Eric Averett, general manager of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wakc.com/index.php/whos-who?pid=2&sid=90:Rosedale-Rio-Bravo-Water-Storage-District\" target=\"_blank\">Rosedale-Rio Bravo Water Storage District\u003c/a>, located next to several of the state's biggest water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther north in the long, flat Central Valley, others are drilling new wells to sell off groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Stanislaus County's Del Puerto Water District \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercedsunstar.com/2014/06/05/3684236/water-district-approves-merced.html\" target=\"_blank\">approved a project\u003c/a> to buy up to 26,000 acre-feet of groundwater pumped by two landowners in neighboring Merced County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the district is getting no water from the federal government this year, the extra water will let farmers keep their trees alive, said Anthea Hansen, general manager of the arid Del Puerto Water District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen estimated growers would ultimately pay $775 to $980 an acre-foot — a total of roughly $20 million to $25.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to try to keep them alive,\" Hansen said. \"It's too much loss in the investment and the local economy to not try.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the previous drought in 2009, the state has been hands-off, letting the market set the price even though severe shortages prompted a statewide drought emergency declaration this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water economists have called for more state regulation to keep aquifers from being depleted and ensure the market is not subject to manipulation such as that seen in the energy crisis of summer 2001, when the state was besieged by rolling blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you have a really scarce natural resource that the state's economy depends on, it would be nice to have it run efficiently and transparently,\" said Richard Howitt, professor emeritus at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the sellers include some who hold claims on water that date back a century, private firms that are extracting groundwater and landowners who stored water when it was plentiful in underground storage facilities called water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This year the market is unbelievable,\" said Thomas Greci, general manager of the Madera Irrigation District, which recently made nearly $7 million from selling about 3,200 acre-feet. \"And this is a way to pay our bills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the Madera's district's water went to farms. The city of Santa Barbara, which has its own water shortages, was outbid.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'This year the market is unbelievable. And this is a way to pay our bills.'\u003ccite>Thomas Greci,\u003cbr>\nMadera Irrigation District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The prices are so high in some rural pockets that water auctions have become a spectacle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One agricultural water district amid the almond orchards and oil fields northwest of Bakersfield announced earlier this year it would sell off extra water it acquired through a more than century-old right to use flows from the Kern River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local TV crews and journalists flocked to the district's office in February to watch as manager Maurice Etchechury opened dozens of bids enclosed in sealed envelopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now everyone's mad at me, saying I increased the price of water. I didn't do it, the weather did it,\" said Etchechury, who manages the Buena Vista Water Storage District, which netted about $13.5 million from the auction of 12,000 acre-feet of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The severity of this year's drought means that the amount of water shipped from Northern California to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California has been severely limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the last drought, the state Department of Water Resources (DWR) ran a drought water bank, which helped broker deals between those who were short of water and those who had plenty. But several environmental groups sued, alleging the state failed to comply with the California Environmental Quality Act in approving the sales, and won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the state is standing aside, saying buyers and sellers have not asked for the state's help. \"We think that buyers and sellers can negotiate their own deals better than the state,\" said Nancy Quan, a supervising engineer with the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DWR, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the State Water Resources Control Board have tracked at least 38 separate sales this year, but the agencies are not aware of all sales, nor do they keep track of the price of water sold, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maximum volume that could change hands through the 38 transactions is 730,323 acre-feet, which is about 25 percent of what the State Water Project has delivered to farms and cities in an average year in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure still doesn't include the many private water sales that do not require any use of government-run pipes or canals, including several chronicled by the AP. It's not clear, however, how much of this water will be sold via auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those in the best position to sell water this year have been able to store their excess supplies in underground banks, a tool widely embraced in the West for making water supplies reliable and marketable. The area surrounding Bakersfield is home to some of the country's largest water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drought is so severe that aggressive pumping of the banked supplies may cause some wells to run dry by year's end, said Eric Averett, general manager of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wakc.com/index.php/whos-who?pid=2&sid=90:Rosedale-Rio-Bravo-Water-Storage-District\" target=\"_blank\">Rosedale-Rio Bravo Water Storage District\u003c/a>, located next to several of the state's biggest water banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther north in the long, flat Central Valley, others are drilling new wells to sell off groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Stanislaus County's Del Puerto Water District \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercedsunstar.com/2014/06/05/3684236/water-district-approves-merced.html\" target=\"_blank\">approved a project\u003c/a> to buy up to 26,000 acre-feet of groundwater pumped by two landowners in neighboring Merced County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the district is getting no water from the federal government this year, the extra water will let farmers keep their trees alive, said Anthea Hansen, general manager of the arid Del Puerto Water District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen estimated growers would ultimately pay $775 to $980 an acre-foot — a total of roughly $20 million to $25.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to try to keep them alive,\" Hansen said. \"It's too much loss in the investment and the local economy to not try.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Water Snakes Invading California Threaten Native Species",
"headTitle": "Water Snakes Invading California Threaten Native Species | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18816\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 895px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/commonwatersnake_OJM-e1404151734964.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18816\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/commonwatersnake_OJM-e1404151734964.jpeg\" alt=\"The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. (OJ Miano/UC Davis)\" width=\"895\" height=\"508\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. (OJ Miano/UC Davis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Water snakes from the eastern United States are being found in increasing numbers throughout California’s waterways, and biologists at the University of California at Davis are growing concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common water snake and the southern water snake thrive in suburban areas and human-disturbed habitats but are harmless to humans. However, they may pose a threat to native aquatic species, including some types of frogs, snakes and salamanders because they compete for the same food source or directly pray on the native species. The invasive water snakes have been found in some areas near Sacramento as well as near Long Beach in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This instance of these non-native snakes is emblematic of a bigger problem in California’\u003ccite>— Jonathan Rose, UC Davis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“This instance of these non-native snakes is emblematic of a bigger problem in California where many of our native aquatic species are being replaced by non-native species,” says \u003ca href=\"http://toddlab.ucdavis.edu/jrose.html\">Jonathan Rose\u003c/a>, a doctoral candidate at UC Davis. Rose has been working under\u003ca href=\"http://wfcb.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/todd.php\"> Dr. Brian Todd\u003c/a>, an Assistant Professor of Wildlife Biology, to analyze the snake’s potential to spread through California and the Western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0100277\">The study\u003c/a> by Rose and Todd lists which areas will be affected if populations of the invasive water snakes continue to spread. According to their projections, invasive snakes could spread throughout the western United States, overlapping with the habitats of native aquatic dwellers like the foothill yellow-legged frog, the giant garter snake, the California giant salamander and the California tiger salamander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These non-native water snakes present yet another threat or stress to many already imperiled species,” Rose says. Many of the native aquatic species are already at risk due to changes in their habitats and the introduction of other non-native species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18843\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 465px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/WatersnakeSalamander_JDW-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/WatersnakeSalamander_JDW-1.jpeg\" alt=\"WatersnakeSalamander_JDW (1)\" width=\"465\" height=\"349\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The southern water snake, which commonly feeds on the endangered mole salamander, is one of two water snake species invading California’s waterways. (J.D. Willson/University of Arkansas)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Non-native water snakes have been present in California for quite a while now. As of 2008 it is unlawful to possess one of these water snakes as a pet, but Rose says they were likely introduced as a result of people releasing their pet snakes before this ban was in place. It is unclear exactly how many of these snakes are in California presently, but there are roughly 300 in the Sacramento area, according to Rose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they currently pose no immediate threat to native species, non-native species often pass a threshold at which the population grows rapidly and starts spreading. According to Rose, we are at the early stage where snakes haven’t spread out of control as far as we know. The snakes aren’t having any negative effects on native species but that could change at any time. “These snakes are not picky eaters; they’ll feed on pretty much any fish or amphibian they can overpower,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘These snakes are not picky eaters; they’ll feed on pretty much any fish or amphibian they can overpower’\u003ccite>Jonathan Rose\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The common water snake is of particular concern, says Rose, because it is geographically widespread and able to survive in a variety of climates. Rose says that some snakes are capable of producing litters of 50 or more offspring. They also reach sexual maturity at two or three years of age, so their populations can grow rapidly and bounce back from negative influences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rose, it is possible that the snakes have already spread throughout the state without our knowledge. If they are more established than we realize, they will eventually start to compete with aquatic species. But it may not be too late. Rose explained that the best case scenario is that fish and wildlife agencies put together a management plan to determine where these species are and act quickly to eradicate their populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. Sightings and pictures of introduced water snakes can be reported to \u003ca href=\"mailto:californiawatersnakes@gmail.com\">californiawatersnakes@gmail.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18816\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 895px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/commonwatersnake_OJM-e1404151734964.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18816\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/commonwatersnake_OJM-e1404151734964.jpeg\" alt=\"The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. (OJ Miano/UC Davis)\" width=\"895\" height=\"508\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. (OJ Miano/UC Davis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Water snakes from the eastern United States are being found in increasing numbers throughout California’s waterways, and biologists at the University of California at Davis are growing concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common water snake and the southern water snake thrive in suburban areas and human-disturbed habitats but are harmless to humans. However, they may pose a threat to native aquatic species, including some types of frogs, snakes and salamanders because they compete for the same food source or directly pray on the native species. The invasive water snakes have been found in some areas near Sacramento as well as near Long Beach in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This instance of these non-native snakes is emblematic of a bigger problem in California’\u003ccite>— Jonathan Rose, UC Davis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“This instance of these non-native snakes is emblematic of a bigger problem in California where many of our native aquatic species are being replaced by non-native species,” says \u003ca href=\"http://toddlab.ucdavis.edu/jrose.html\">Jonathan Rose\u003c/a>, a doctoral candidate at UC Davis. Rose has been working under\u003ca href=\"http://wfcb.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/todd.php\"> Dr. Brian Todd\u003c/a>, an Assistant Professor of Wildlife Biology, to analyze the snake’s potential to spread through California and the Western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0100277\">The study\u003c/a> by Rose and Todd lists which areas will be affected if populations of the invasive water snakes continue to spread. According to their projections, invasive snakes could spread throughout the western United States, overlapping with the habitats of native aquatic dwellers like the foothill yellow-legged frog, the giant garter snake, the California giant salamander and the California tiger salamander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These non-native water snakes present yet another threat or stress to many already imperiled species,” Rose says. Many of the native aquatic species are already at risk due to changes in their habitats and the introduction of other non-native species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18843\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 465px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/WatersnakeSalamander_JDW-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/WatersnakeSalamander_JDW-1.jpeg\" alt=\"WatersnakeSalamander_JDW (1)\" width=\"465\" height=\"349\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The southern water snake, which commonly feeds on the endangered mole salamander, is one of two water snake species invading California’s waterways. (J.D. Willson/University of Arkansas)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Non-native water snakes have been present in California for quite a while now. As of 2008 it is unlawful to possess one of these water snakes as a pet, but Rose says they were likely introduced as a result of people releasing their pet snakes before this ban was in place. It is unclear exactly how many of these snakes are in California presently, but there are roughly 300 in the Sacramento area, according to Rose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they currently pose no immediate threat to native species, non-native species often pass a threshold at which the population grows rapidly and starts spreading. According to Rose, we are at the early stage where snakes haven’t spread out of control as far as we know. The snakes aren’t having any negative effects on native species but that could change at any time. “These snakes are not picky eaters; they’ll feed on pretty much any fish or amphibian they can overpower,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘These snakes are not picky eaters; they’ll feed on pretty much any fish or amphibian they can overpower’\u003ccite>Jonathan Rose\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The common water snake is of particular concern, says Rose, because it is geographically widespread and able to survive in a variety of climates. Rose says that some snakes are capable of producing litters of 50 or more offspring. They also reach sexual maturity at two or three years of age, so their populations can grow rapidly and bounce back from negative influences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rose, it is possible that the snakes have already spread throughout the state without our knowledge. If they are more established than we realize, they will eventually start to compete with aquatic species. But it may not be too late. Rose explained that the best case scenario is that fish and wildlife agencies put together a management plan to determine where these species are and act quickly to eradicate their populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The common water snake and southern water snake are characterized by dark cross bands, which the native garter snake lacks. Sightings and pictures of introduced water snakes can be reported to \u003ca href=\"mailto:californiawatersnakes@gmail.com\">californiawatersnakes@gmail.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Associated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court won’t hear a challenge to California’s first-in-the-nation mandate requiring fuel producers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices on Monday turned away appeals from fuel makers that say the law discriminates against out-of-state producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”2751d5643381670982378cacad5cd1e7″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mandate requires petroleum refiners and fuel distributors to make cleaner-burning fuels for the California market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out-of-state oil refiners and ethanol companies say the law provides an unfair advantage to in-state producers by giving a higher “carbon-intensity score” to fuels transported from other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state says the law simply offers incentives for companies that make cleaner-burning fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. district judge agreed with the challengers. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals reversed, saying the law gives all fuel makers options to get their product to market.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_81968\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/12/drakesoysterfarm20121129.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-81968\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/12/drakesoysterfarm20121129-640x413.jpg\" alt=\"Strings of mother shells that will contain baby oysters at Drakes Bay Oyster Co., in 2007 photo. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strings of mother shells that will contain baby oysters at Drakes Bay Oyster Co., in 2007 photo. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has declined to hear a last-ditch appeal from Marin County's Drakes Bay Oyster Co., the Point Reyes business that has been fighting for a decade to renew its lease at Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court's decision came without comment and was one in a long list of cases that the tribunal announced it will not consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Drakes Bay said it believes it still has not run out of legal moves:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“We are not yet out of options,” said Kevin Lunny, owner of Drakes Bay Oyster Farm. “While we had hoped the Supreme Court would grant our cert petition requesting a review of the Ninth Circuit’s ruling, our Federal case against the government now returns to the District Court, where we will be making decisions over the next few weeks about how to proceed. We are extremely grateful to our customers and supporters for everything they have done for our family and our workers’ families over the years.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Drakes Bay \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/14/court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-request-for-new-hearing\" target=\"_blank\">has lost successive rounds\u003c/a> in its attempt to persuade federal courts that, by denying the oyster farm's attempt to renew a lease that ran out in late 2012, U.S. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar had violated both federal environmental and administrative law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar refused to renew the lease based on 1970s legislation that directed the National Park Service to return Drakes Estero, where the oyster farm is located, to wilderness. Salazar's decision required Lunny to shut down his operation and vacate the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunny's statement leaves it unclear on what grounds he might pursue further court action. \u003ca href=\"http://www.drakesbayoyster.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Drakes Bay has remained open\u003c/a> during the 18 months of legal challenges to Salazar's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, KQED's Mina Kim discussed Drakes Bay's options with John Leshy, professor at UC Hastings College of Law:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/156763430&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_81968\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/12/drakesoysterfarm20121129.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-81968\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/12/drakesoysterfarm20121129-640x413.jpg\" alt=\"Strings of mother shells that will contain baby oysters at Drakes Bay Oyster Co., in 2007 photo. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strings of mother shells that will contain baby oysters at Drakes Bay Oyster Co., in 2007 photo. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has declined to hear a last-ditch appeal from Marin County's Drakes Bay Oyster Co., the Point Reyes business that has been fighting for a decade to renew its lease at Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court's decision came without comment and was one in a long list of cases that the tribunal announced it will not consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Drakes Bay said it believes it still has not run out of legal moves:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“We are not yet out of options,” said Kevin Lunny, owner of Drakes Bay Oyster Farm. “While we had hoped the Supreme Court would grant our cert petition requesting a review of the Ninth Circuit’s ruling, our Federal case against the government now returns to the District Court, where we will be making decisions over the next few weeks about how to proceed. We are extremely grateful to our customers and supporters for everything they have done for our family and our workers’ families over the years.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Drakes Bay \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/14/court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-request-for-new-hearing\" target=\"_blank\">has lost successive rounds\u003c/a> in its attempt to persuade federal courts that, by denying the oyster farm's attempt to renew a lease that ran out in late 2012, U.S. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar had violated both federal environmental and administrative law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar refused to renew the lease based on 1970s legislation that directed the National Park Service to return Drakes Estero, where the oyster farm is located, to wilderness. Salazar's decision required Lunny to shut down his operation and vacate the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunny's statement leaves it unclear on what grounds he might pursue further court action. \u003ca href=\"http://www.drakesbayoyster.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Drakes Bay has remained open\u003c/a> during the 18 months of legal challenges to Salazar's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, KQED's Mina Kim discussed Drakes Bay's options with John Leshy, professor at UC Hastings College of Law:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/156763430&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-18769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is home to the tallest trees in the world: coast redwoods. To forest visitors, staring up at the towering canopy of a 300-foot-tall old-growth redwood can feel surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of people this is an almost religious experience,” said ranger Brett Silver, standing recently in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of heavy logging in the 1800s and early 1900s, only about five percent of the old-growth redwoods remain, with much of that acreage in state and national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forests have also been designated an International Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site. But in spite of their status, these sacred groves are facing another threat: poachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18710\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18710 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\" alt=\"New trees can sprout from the dense bud material in a burl. (National Park Service.)\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New trees can sprout from the dense bud material within a burl. (National Park Service.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stealing Seedlings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sneak into the forest, most likely at night, authorities say. They carry chainsaws and wear night-vision goggles. They’re after the trees’ precious burl — the knobby growths typically found at the base of a tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, rangers have discovered a few instances of burl poaching, here and there. But in the past two years, they’ve noticed an increasing number of cuts, some huge gashes up to eight feet across at the base of the trees, some of which are nearly 1000 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with cutting the burls off isn’t that it kills the tree. Rather it hurts the chances of a new clone of that tree taking life in the same space. Burls contain dormant bud tissue and can sprout new seedlings. Redwoods are unique in that they regenerate not only through their seed cones, but also their burls, said Jeff Denny, a ranger at Redwood National and State Parks. There are thousands of seeds carried in each grape-sized cone, but seeds rarely penetrate the thick layer of forest debris. Burls offer the best chance for a redwood to regenerate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denny brushed his hand over the bright red, exposed heartwood where a burl was cut from an old-growth tree on the south end of the park. These cuts also expose the tree to disease and fire damage, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Lure of Burl\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood burl is prized by woodworkers for its swirling grains and deep-red hues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a very unique pattern, very different than the circular rings that you’ll find at the base of a tree,” Denny said. “It produces a very attractive piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18716\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18716\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>South of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is the once-booming logging town of Orick. The town boasts one motel and about eight redwood burl shops. Rangers have investigated the shops over the past couple of years. But until recently, the question of who was committing these crimes was a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers attribute the rise in burl poaching to increased drug addiction and unemployment in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rural economies, as we’ve all gone through transitions, you leave behind poverty,” said Jaqueline Debets, economic development director for Humboldt County. The timber industry was once the lifeblood of Humboldt County’s economy. Now, due to environmental protections and decreased supply of wood, timber has shrunk to a small fraction of the economy, Debets said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a breezy April afternoon, Rod Price stood at his outdoor carving shop on the outskirts of Orick. He rushed to a trailer behind his shop, and came out with a raw piece of “bird’s eye redwood” cut into the shape of a feather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Watch this,” he said. He poured water over the dry wood. The grains shimmered and popped as the wood soaked up the liquid. “The grains move,” he said excitedly, tilting the piece in the sunlight. “Sometimes they are golden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small burl chunks are often shined and shaped into salad bowls or bear figurines. Craftsmen use larger pieces to make one-of-a-kind furniture. Large burl slabs can sell for hundreds, or even thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 114px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18713\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\" width=\"114\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Are the Poachers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, authorities arrested Danny Garcia, 43, and Larry Morrow, 34, both of Orick. The arrests were the culmination of a year-long investigation. After receiving an anonymous tip, rangers found burl pieces at a local shop that matched the shape and size of a burl cut discovered last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a plea deal, both men pleaded guilty to felony vandalism charges. Garcia was sentenced earlier this month to 700 hours of community service and required to pay a $11,178 in restitution. Morrow was sentenced to three years of probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three groups, the Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League, are \u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\">offering a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers believe there are still several other individuals who are poaching. Ranger Silver says the theft is comparable to robbing a church. “When [people] see the damage that’s going on it really breaks their heart,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AG5F9SeGI50\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-18769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is home to the tallest trees in the world: coast redwoods. To forest visitors, staring up at the towering canopy of a 300-foot-tall old-growth redwood can feel surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of people this is an almost religious experience,” said ranger Brett Silver, standing recently in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of heavy logging in the 1800s and early 1900s, only about five percent of the old-growth redwoods remain, with much of that acreage in state and national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forests have also been designated an International Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site. But in spite of their status, these sacred groves are facing another threat: poachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18710\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18710 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\" alt=\"New trees can sprout from the dense bud material in a burl. (National Park Service.)\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New trees can sprout from the dense bud material within a burl. (National Park Service.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stealing Seedlings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sneak into the forest, most likely at night, authorities say. They carry chainsaws and wear night-vision goggles. They’re after the trees’ precious burl — the knobby growths typically found at the base of a tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, rangers have discovered a few instances of burl poaching, here and there. But in the past two years, they’ve noticed an increasing number of cuts, some huge gashes up to eight feet across at the base of the trees, some of which are nearly 1000 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with cutting the burls off isn’t that it kills the tree. Rather it hurts the chances of a new clone of that tree taking life in the same space. Burls contain dormant bud tissue and can sprout new seedlings. Redwoods are unique in that they regenerate not only through their seed cones, but also their burls, said Jeff Denny, a ranger at Redwood National and State Parks. There are thousands of seeds carried in each grape-sized cone, but seeds rarely penetrate the thick layer of forest debris. Burls offer the best chance for a redwood to regenerate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denny brushed his hand over the bright red, exposed heartwood where a burl was cut from an old-growth tree on the south end of the park. These cuts also expose the tree to disease and fire damage, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Lure of Burl\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood burl is prized by woodworkers for its swirling grains and deep-red hues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a very unique pattern, very different than the circular rings that you’ll find at the base of a tree,” Denny said. “It produces a very attractive piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18716\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18716\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>South of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is the once-booming logging town of Orick. The town boasts one motel and about eight redwood burl shops. Rangers have investigated the shops over the past couple of years. But until recently, the question of who was committing these crimes was a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers attribute the rise in burl poaching to increased drug addiction and unemployment in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rural economies, as we’ve all gone through transitions, you leave behind poverty,” said Jaqueline Debets, economic development director for Humboldt County. The timber industry was once the lifeblood of Humboldt County’s economy. Now, due to environmental protections and decreased supply of wood, timber has shrunk to a small fraction of the economy, Debets said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a breezy April afternoon, Rod Price stood at his outdoor carving shop on the outskirts of Orick. He rushed to a trailer behind his shop, and came out with a raw piece of “bird’s eye redwood” cut into the shape of a feather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Watch this,” he said. He poured water over the dry wood. The grains shimmered and popped as the wood soaked up the liquid. “The grains move,” he said excitedly, tilting the piece in the sunlight. “Sometimes they are golden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small burl chunks are often shined and shaped into salad bowls or bear figurines. Craftsmen use larger pieces to make one-of-a-kind furniture. Large burl slabs can sell for hundreds, or even thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 114px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18713\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\" width=\"114\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Are the Poachers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, authorities arrested Danny Garcia, 43, and Larry Morrow, 34, both of Orick. The arrests were the culmination of a year-long investigation. After receiving an anonymous tip, rangers found burl pieces at a local shop that matched the shape and size of a burl cut discovered last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a plea deal, both men pleaded guilty to felony vandalism charges. Garcia was sentenced earlier this month to 700 hours of community service and required to pay a $11,178 in restitution. Morrow was sentenced to three years of probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three groups, the Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League, are \u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\">offering a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers believe there are still several other individuals who are poaching. Ranger Silver says the theft is comparable to robbing a church. “When [people] see the damage that’s going on it really breaks their heart,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AG5F9SeGI50\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "At 150, Yosemite’s Roots Go Deep",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/156352022&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s nearing midnight, and the full moon is bathing North America’s tallest waterfall in its milky glow. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few die-hard photographers have timed their visit to Yosemite Falls so they can catch a glimpse of a rare phenomenon: a rainbow at night, emerging from the mist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140452\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 425px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140452\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/Lower-Yosemite-Falls-Moonbow-credit-John-Senser-425x640.jpeg\" alt=\"Not often visible to the naked eye, Yosemite's moonbow is best captured with a long-exposure photograph. (Courtesy of John Senser)\" width=\"425\" height=\"640\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Not often visible to the naked eye, Yosemite's moonbow is best captured with a long-exposure photograph. (Courtesy of John Senser)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemitepark.com/yosemite-moonbow.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">a moonbow\u003c/a>, and you can only see it \u003ca href=\"http://uweb.txstate.edu/~do01/moonbows2014.html\" target=\"_blank\">a few times a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need swirling winds to help move the mist around, then you need, obviously the moon come up. And that combination is what brings it out,” explains photographer Mark Zborowksi, who is helping to lead a group of photographers through a moonbow class sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemiteconservancy.org\" target=\"_blank\">Yosemite Conservancy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a spectacular view,” Zborowski sighs. “You look up, and you can see the ridges up high and the stars. It fills your eyes, gives you a lot to feed off of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The naked eye can’t usually see the color spectrum of the moonbow, but a long exposure with a camera can capture it. “[It] looks like something coming out of Harry Potter’s wand. Just this thin, silvery band, but the camera caught color,” explains photographer Christie MacBride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I read John Muir. I read his description of when he climbed and saw the moonbow. After I saw that, I always wanted to see it,” says photographer Diane Hayward. “That literally is on my bucket list.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photography, in fact, has been key to Yosemite’s allure. Historians think it may have helped convince Congress – and President Abraham Lincoln - to preserve a place most of them would never visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The \u003ca href=\"http://www.shannontech.com/ParkVision/Yosemite/Yosemite11.html\" target=\"_blank\">first photographer who came to the Mariposa Grove\u003c/a> in 1859 took a picture of \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemitehikes.com/southern-yosemite/mariposa-grove/gallery-grizzly-giant.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the Grizzly Giant\u003c/a>,” says Ranger Dean Shenk as he walks towards one of the park’s most famous trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Grizzly Giant is the size of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and, amazingly, it has a lean to it that is actually greater than the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa,” says Shenk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This grove of giant sequoias and the iconic Yosemite Valley became the first federally protected wilderness areas when Lincoln signed the land grant in June of 1864.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch2>Early Photography at Yosemite\u003c/h2>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjWAFgny2L8&w=560&h=315]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Among photographers whose work influenced legislation was Carleton Watkins. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2014/05/02/how-photographer-carleton-watkins-helped-preserve-yosemite/\" target=\"blank\">Learn more about Watkins.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“In the midst of our country’s civil war, with all the bloodshed, all the battle, all the anxiety, many of us would like to think that he took a moment and perhaps shook his head, or smiled, in just perhaps a sigh of pleasure,” says Shenk. There’s no real historical evidence, though, Shenk says, to definitively prove whether the thought of a natural cathedral in California really helped distract Lincoln, or anyone else, from anxiety about the bloody Civil war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These areas were at first entrusted to the state of California and eventually became a national park in 1890.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people have compared the idea of protecting Yosemite valley and the Mariposa Grove with \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=1149\" target=\"_blank\">the seed of a giant sequoia\u003c/a>,” says Shenk. “The sequoias have incredibly tiny seeds. They look like an oat flake, and yet each one of those seeds has the potential to become a tree that can be 30 feet or more across the trunk, and as much as 300 feet tall, and live for hundreds of years. And so that seed planted by Lincoln’s signature has expanded to the national park system throughout America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Shenk points out, even those who urged Congress to preserve Yosemite warned that tourism had to be managed carefully. That includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.olmsted.org/the-olmsted-legacy/frederick-law-olmsted-sr\" target=\"_blank\">Frederick Law Olmsted\u003c/a>, the landscape architect who helped design New York’s Central Park. He served as one of the state commissioners who oversaw the Yosemite land grant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140465\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140465\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/horse-640x407.jpg\" alt=\"Improved roadways brought carriages further into the park in the late 1800s. Today, a parking lot and tram traffic is impeding sequoia growth. (Courtesy of the Yosemite National Park Research Library.)\" width=\"640\" height=\"407\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Improved roadways brought carriages further into the park in the late 1800s. Today, a parking lot and tram traffic is impeding sequoia growth. (Courtesy of the Yosemite National Park Research Library.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Not only did he predict the millions of people in the future, but he also said, and so we must be aware of the capricious damage that one visitor might make, and then multiply it by the millions,” Shenk says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, four million people a year visit Yosemite. Trams carrying thousands of visitors snake through the giant sequoias on paved roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sequoia seedlings are unable to sprout where you have parking lots,” says Shenk, as he watches a line of cars snake toward the trees. “Ironically, our large parking lot in the Mariposa grove is right on top of some of the most prime, best areas that sequoias would like to rejuvenate in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/featurecontent/yose/anniversary/\" target=\"_blank\">the 150th anniversary celebration\u003c/a>, the park planned to tear out those parking lots and remove the trams in an effort to restore the grove to its original condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just down the road from the giant sequoia grove, the park still makes room for traditional tourist attractions that allow a taste of the park’s early history. Georg O’Gormon (yes, that’s “Georg” - he explains with a wink that his parents couldn’t afford the “e”) demonstrates the fine points of 19th century blacksmithing for visitors at Yosemite’s Pioneer Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140493\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 472px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140493\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/mantree-472x640.jpg\" alt=\"Galen Clark was among Yosemite's early advocates, and he served as guardian of the park for 24 years. Here he stands with the Grizzly Giant. (Photo by Carleton E. Watkins, Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.)\" width=\"472\" height=\"640\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Galen Clark was one of Yosemite's early advocates, and he served as guardian of the park for 24 years. Here he stands with the Grizzly Giant. (Photo by Carleton E. Watkins, Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I hope they take away the same idea that Lincoln had, and that is not only to preserve the wilderness but to preserve the way of life that people lived that came before us. And what they went through to provide us with the easy life we have today,” says O’ Gormon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 150th anniversary celebration was met with skepticism from some Native Americans, who can’t forget how their ancestors were treated by white soldiers and settlers in the 1800s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Hogan Coats, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/History/MainPrintPage.asp?iPin=ind2384&DataType=AmericanHistory&WinType=Free\" target=\"_blank\">a southern Sierra Miwok\u003c/a>,, was born in Yosemite in 1927. She worked in the hotel laundry washing sheets and as a babysitter for the children of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/yose/historyculture/ansel-adams.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Ansel Adams, the famed Yosemite photographer\u003c/a>. Her grandmother, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kstrom.net/isk/art/basket/yosemite.html\" target=\"_blank\">Lucy Telles\u003c/a>, was an influential Native American basket weaver famous for her intricate, multicolored designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live right here on the highway that goes to Yosemite,” she says, sitting in her house perched on a hilltop in Midpines, near the entrance to the park. “So I see these buses go and go. I tell my husband, There they go again. They’re trompling down my ground again, they’re just trompling her down.' I said, 'Why don’t they give her a rest?' They’re making it into a Disneyland. That’s the way I look at it. Mother earth is just trodded down too much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coats says she hopes visitors coming to commemorate Yosemite’s history will stop for a while to think about what this place was like before white settlers arrived a century and a half ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, don’t just come in there and have a good time celebrating,” says Coats. “You got to have a little spiritual way of looking at the rocks and the trees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Special thanks to the Yosemite Conservancy for providing historic photographs for this article. Find more photos and learn about Yosemite's history in \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemiteconservancystore.com/Prod-235-1-643-85/seed-of-the-future-yosemite-and-the-evolution-of-the-national-park-idea.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Seed of the Future\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The National Park Service has created a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/featurecontent/yose/anniversary/timeline/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">timeline\u003c/a> of the Yosemite Grant.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/156352022&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s nearing midnight, and the full moon is bathing North America’s tallest waterfall in its milky glow. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few die-hard photographers have timed their visit to Yosemite Falls so they can catch a glimpse of a rare phenomenon: a rainbow at night, emerging from the mist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140452\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 425px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140452\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/Lower-Yosemite-Falls-Moonbow-credit-John-Senser-425x640.jpeg\" alt=\"Not often visible to the naked eye, Yosemite's moonbow is best captured with a long-exposure photograph. (Courtesy of John Senser)\" width=\"425\" height=\"640\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Not often visible to the naked eye, Yosemite's moonbow is best captured with a long-exposure photograph. (Courtesy of John Senser)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemitepark.com/yosemite-moonbow.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">a moonbow\u003c/a>, and you can only see it \u003ca href=\"http://uweb.txstate.edu/~do01/moonbows2014.html\" target=\"_blank\">a few times a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need swirling winds to help move the mist around, then you need, obviously the moon come up. And that combination is what brings it out,” explains photographer Mark Zborowksi, who is helping to lead a group of photographers through a moonbow class sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemiteconservancy.org\" target=\"_blank\">Yosemite Conservancy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a spectacular view,” Zborowski sighs. “You look up, and you can see the ridges up high and the stars. It fills your eyes, gives you a lot to feed off of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The naked eye can’t usually see the color spectrum of the moonbow, but a long exposure with a camera can capture it. “[It] looks like something coming out of Harry Potter’s wand. Just this thin, silvery band, but the camera caught color,” explains photographer Christie MacBride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I read John Muir. I read his description of when he climbed and saw the moonbow. After I saw that, I always wanted to see it,” says photographer Diane Hayward. “That literally is on my bucket list.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photography, in fact, has been key to Yosemite’s allure. Historians think it may have helped convince Congress – and President Abraham Lincoln - to preserve a place most of them would never visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The \u003ca href=\"http://www.shannontech.com/ParkVision/Yosemite/Yosemite11.html\" target=\"_blank\">first photographer who came to the Mariposa Grove\u003c/a> in 1859 took a picture of \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemitehikes.com/southern-yosemite/mariposa-grove/gallery-grizzly-giant.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the Grizzly Giant\u003c/a>,” says Ranger Dean Shenk as he walks towards one of the park’s most famous trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Grizzly Giant is the size of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and, amazingly, it has a lean to it that is actually greater than the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa,” says Shenk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This grove of giant sequoias and the iconic Yosemite Valley became the first federally protected wilderness areas when Lincoln signed the land grant in June of 1864.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch2>Early Photography at Yosemite\u003c/h2>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zjWAFgny2L8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zjWAFgny2L8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Among photographers whose work influenced legislation was Carleton Watkins. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2014/05/02/how-photographer-carleton-watkins-helped-preserve-yosemite/\" target=\"blank\">Learn more about Watkins.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“In the midst of our country’s civil war, with all the bloodshed, all the battle, all the anxiety, many of us would like to think that he took a moment and perhaps shook his head, or smiled, in just perhaps a sigh of pleasure,” says Shenk. There’s no real historical evidence, though, Shenk says, to definitively prove whether the thought of a natural cathedral in California really helped distract Lincoln, or anyone else, from anxiety about the bloody Civil war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These areas were at first entrusted to the state of California and eventually became a national park in 1890.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people have compared the idea of protecting Yosemite valley and the Mariposa Grove with \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=1149\" target=\"_blank\">the seed of a giant sequoia\u003c/a>,” says Shenk. “The sequoias have incredibly tiny seeds. They look like an oat flake, and yet each one of those seeds has the potential to become a tree that can be 30 feet or more across the trunk, and as much as 300 feet tall, and live for hundreds of years. And so that seed planted by Lincoln’s signature has expanded to the national park system throughout America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Shenk points out, even those who urged Congress to preserve Yosemite warned that tourism had to be managed carefully. That includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.olmsted.org/the-olmsted-legacy/frederick-law-olmsted-sr\" target=\"_blank\">Frederick Law Olmsted\u003c/a>, the landscape architect who helped design New York’s Central Park. He served as one of the state commissioners who oversaw the Yosemite land grant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140465\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140465\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/horse-640x407.jpg\" alt=\"Improved roadways brought carriages further into the park in the late 1800s. Today, a parking lot and tram traffic is impeding sequoia growth. (Courtesy of the Yosemite National Park Research Library.)\" width=\"640\" height=\"407\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Improved roadways brought carriages further into the park in the late 1800s. Today, a parking lot and tram traffic is impeding sequoia growth. (Courtesy of the Yosemite National Park Research Library.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Not only did he predict the millions of people in the future, but he also said, and so we must be aware of the capricious damage that one visitor might make, and then multiply it by the millions,” Shenk says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, four million people a year visit Yosemite. Trams carrying thousands of visitors snake through the giant sequoias on paved roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sequoia seedlings are unable to sprout where you have parking lots,” says Shenk, as he watches a line of cars snake toward the trees. “Ironically, our large parking lot in the Mariposa grove is right on top of some of the most prime, best areas that sequoias would like to rejuvenate in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/featurecontent/yose/anniversary/\" target=\"_blank\">the 150th anniversary celebration\u003c/a>, the park planned to tear out those parking lots and remove the trams in an effort to restore the grove to its original condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just down the road from the giant sequoia grove, the park still makes room for traditional tourist attractions that allow a taste of the park’s early history. Georg O’Gormon (yes, that’s “Georg” - he explains with a wink that his parents couldn’t afford the “e”) demonstrates the fine points of 19th century blacksmithing for visitors at Yosemite’s Pioneer Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_140493\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 472px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-140493\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/mantree-472x640.jpg\" alt=\"Galen Clark was among Yosemite's early advocates, and he served as guardian of the park for 24 years. Here he stands with the Grizzly Giant. (Photo by Carleton E. Watkins, Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.)\" width=\"472\" height=\"640\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Galen Clark was one of Yosemite's early advocates, and he served as guardian of the park for 24 years. Here he stands with the Grizzly Giant. (Photo by Carleton E. Watkins, Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I hope they take away the same idea that Lincoln had, and that is not only to preserve the wilderness but to preserve the way of life that people lived that came before us. And what they went through to provide us with the easy life we have today,” says O’ Gormon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 150th anniversary celebration was met with skepticism from some Native Americans, who can’t forget how their ancestors were treated by white soldiers and settlers in the 1800s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Hogan Coats, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/History/MainPrintPage.asp?iPin=ind2384&DataType=AmericanHistory&WinType=Free\" target=\"_blank\">a southern Sierra Miwok\u003c/a>,, was born in Yosemite in 1927. She worked in the hotel laundry washing sheets and as a babysitter for the children of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/yose/historyculture/ansel-adams.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Ansel Adams, the famed Yosemite photographer\u003c/a>. Her grandmother, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kstrom.net/isk/art/basket/yosemite.html\" target=\"_blank\">Lucy Telles\u003c/a>, was an influential Native American basket weaver famous for her intricate, multicolored designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live right here on the highway that goes to Yosemite,” she says, sitting in her house perched on a hilltop in Midpines, near the entrance to the park. “So I see these buses go and go. I tell my husband, There they go again. They’re trompling down my ground again, they’re just trompling her down.' I said, 'Why don’t they give her a rest?' They’re making it into a Disneyland. That’s the way I look at it. Mother earth is just trodded down too much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coats says she hopes visitors coming to commemorate Yosemite’s history will stop for a while to think about what this place was like before white settlers arrived a century and a half ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, don’t just come in there and have a good time celebrating,” says Coats. “You got to have a little spiritual way of looking at the rocks and the trees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Special thanks to the Yosemite Conservancy for providing historic photographs for this article. Find more photos and learn about Yosemite's history in \u003ca href=\"http://www.yosemiteconservancystore.com/Prod-235-1-643-85/seed-of-the-future-yosemite-and-the-evolution-of-the-national-park-idea.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Seed of the Future\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136030\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/RS9121_1904243_744397315570586_106019437_n.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136030 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/RS9121_1904243_744397315570586_106019437_n.jpg\" alt=\"This coast redwood was damaged by poachers who cut out a burl from the tree. (Redwood National Park)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This coast redwood was damaged by poachers who cut out a burl from the tree. (Redwood National Park)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Humboldt County man has been fined $11,000 and sentenced to 700 hours of community service after being found guilty of vandalizing old-growth coast redwoods in the Redwood National and State Parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/humboldt-county-man-arrested-in-redwood-national-park-poaching-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced the arrest of Danny E. Garcia last month\u003c/a> after a yearlong investigation into the poaching of redwood burls — massive knobby growths prized by furniture makers and collectors for their unusual grain patterns. Poachers generally use chainsaws to hack the burls, \u003ca href=\"http://home.nps.gov/redw/planyourvisit/upload/Redwood_Burl_Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">which contain bud tissue that can sprout into a new tree\u003c/a>, from the parent trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia pleaded guilty on May 27 to a charge of felony vandalism in the case. Authorities dropped charges of felony grand theft and receiving stolen property. Garcia and another man arrested in the case, Larry Morrow, were both ordered to keep out of the Redwood National and State Parks. Morrow also pleaded guilty to felony vandalism and was sentenced to three years’ probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.times-standard.com/News/ci_26000308/Burl-poacher-sentenced-to-community\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Eureka Times-Standard reports\u003c/a>, a Humboldt County Superior Court judge also sentenced Garcia in connection with a 2012 disturbance in the town of Orick during which he yelled at cafe patrons and threatened to kill them. Judge Joyce Hinrich sentenced Garcia to a year in jail, a penalty she suspended with credit for 170 days already served, and placed him on probation for four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials say other burl-poaching investigations are ongoing. The Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League\u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> have joined forces to offer a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136030\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/RS9121_1904243_744397315570586_106019437_n.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136030 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/RS9121_1904243_744397315570586_106019437_n.jpg\" alt=\"This coast redwood was damaged by poachers who cut out a burl from the tree. (Redwood National Park)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This coast redwood was damaged by poachers who cut out a burl from the tree. (Redwood National Park)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Humboldt County man has been fined $11,000 and sentenced to 700 hours of community service after being found guilty of vandalizing old-growth coast redwoods in the Redwood National and State Parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/humboldt-county-man-arrested-in-redwood-national-park-poaching-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced the arrest of Danny E. Garcia last month\u003c/a> after a yearlong investigation into the poaching of redwood burls — massive knobby growths prized by furniture makers and collectors for their unusual grain patterns. Poachers generally use chainsaws to hack the burls, \u003ca href=\"http://home.nps.gov/redw/planyourvisit/upload/Redwood_Burl_Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">which contain bud tissue that can sprout into a new tree\u003c/a>, from the parent trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia pleaded guilty on May 27 to a charge of felony vandalism in the case. Authorities dropped charges of felony grand theft and receiving stolen property. Garcia and another man arrested in the case, Larry Morrow, were both ordered to keep out of the Redwood National and State Parks. Morrow also pleaded guilty to felony vandalism and was sentenced to three years’ probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.times-standard.com/News/ci_26000308/Burl-poacher-sentenced-to-community\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Eureka Times-Standard reports\u003c/a>, a Humboldt County Superior Court judge also sentenced Garcia in connection with a 2012 disturbance in the town of Orick during which he yelled at cafe patrons and threatened to kill them. Judge Joyce Hinrich sentenced Garcia to a year in jail, a penalty she suspended with credit for 170 days already served, and placed him on probation for four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park officials say other burl-poaching investigations are ongoing. The Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League\u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> have joined forces to offer a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "As Water Prices Soar, Some Profit From California’s Drought",
"headTitle": "As Water Prices Soar, Some Profit From California’s Drought | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/06/20140623science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”3b073d41504f8b383e6897c6f4cbe645″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties have taken matters into their own hands and have passed rules that effectively ban the sale of groundwater outside county lines. In Merced County, where controversy over the groundwater sale continues, county supervisors have said they’re looking into that policy.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Fights are breaking out over controversial water sales. Some farmers say they need the water to keep trees alive, while others say groundwater pumping depletes supplies for neighboring farms, and could threaten California's already-stressed aquifers.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The sound of revving engines will echo across the Sonoma Valley this weekend as NASCAR's favorites take center stage at the 26th Annual Toyota SaveMart 350. But what if drivers could race using something completely green -- like, say, gravity? That's not likely, but it's a question one group of kid \"engineers\" is trying to answer just miles away from the Sonoma Raceway. Tena Rubio teamed up with KQED's Danny Bringer to bring us this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Interactive Map: How Sea Level Rise Could Swamp Coastal Communities",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18422\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS3535_IMG_4245-scr-e1402709630380.jpg\" alt=\"Oracle's headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oracle’s headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rising seas will likely lead to unprecedented flooding along parts of California’s coast within 20-60 years, according to new research by Climate Central.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driven by climate change, global sea levels have already risen several inches over the past century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help people learn about flooding risks in their communities, \u003ca href=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/index.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\">Climate Central\u003c/a> has released a new version of an online tool that explores flood risks by zip code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using an interactive map, Bay Area residents can zoom in on their region to find out if flooding will impact their homes as well as nearby schools, power plants, and hospitals. The “\u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">Surging Seas\u003c/a>” website includes an interactive map, graphics, and other information to help people better understand the potential risks of sea level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The online tool also highlights who will be affected by severe flooding. Ngoc Nguyen of \u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/news/environment/sea-level-rise/index.php\">New America Media\u003c/a>, which collaborated on the interactive tool, says that low-income and communities of color will be most impacted by sea level rise. “We found that communities are responding, but there is a dangerous information gap about sea level rise and policies to address it among impacted ethnic communities,” says Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the map below, you can adjust the blue water level slider to see how rising water will affect coastal land. But don’t crank the slider up to 10 just yet. According to Dr. Ben Strauss of Climate Central, setting the water level to 3 feet will give a more realistic view of Bay Area flooding risks in the next few decades. Zoom in on San Mateo County and you can see how it could be ground zero for flooding in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0px;width: 100%;height: 530px\" src=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using projected sea level rise and historic storm data, Climate Central’s research found that floods would reach greater than 3 feet above the high tide line every year by 2060 at study sites from San Diego to Los Angeles, and by 2070 in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Strauss, the interactive map should not be taken as a specific prediction of what is to come, but rather as an indication of future flood risk. Drawing on data from more than 10 federal agencies, Climate Central is creating tools for every coastal state in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18422\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS3535_IMG_4245-scr-e1402709630380.jpg\" alt=\"Oracle's headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oracle’s headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rising seas will likely lead to unprecedented flooding along parts of California’s coast within 20-60 years, according to new research by Climate Central.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driven by climate change, global sea levels have already risen several inches over the past century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help people learn about flooding risks in their communities, \u003ca href=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/index.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\">Climate Central\u003c/a> has released a new version of an online tool that explores flood risks by zip code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using an interactive map, Bay Area residents can zoom in on their region to find out if flooding will impact their homes as well as nearby schools, power plants, and hospitals. The “\u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">Surging Seas\u003c/a>” website includes an interactive map, graphics, and other information to help people better understand the potential risks of sea level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The online tool also highlights who will be affected by severe flooding. Ngoc Nguyen of \u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/news/environment/sea-level-rise/index.php\">New America Media\u003c/a>, which collaborated on the interactive tool, says that low-income and communities of color will be most impacted by sea level rise. “We found that communities are responding, but there is a dangerous information gap about sea level rise and policies to address it among impacted ethnic communities,” says Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the map below, you can adjust the blue water level slider to see how rising water will affect coastal land. But don’t crank the slider up to 10 just yet. According to Dr. Ben Strauss of Climate Central, setting the water level to 3 feet will give a more realistic view of Bay Area flooding risks in the next few decades. Zoom in on San Mateo County and you can see how it could be ground zero for flooding in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0px;width: 100%;height: 530px\" src=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using projected sea level rise and historic storm data, Climate Central’s research found that floods would reach greater than 3 feet above the high tide line every year by 2060 at study sites from San Diego to Los Angeles, and by 2070 in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Strauss, the interactive map should not be taken as a specific prediction of what is to come, but rather as an indication of future flood risk. Drawing on data from more than 10 federal agencies, Climate Central is creating tools for every coastal state in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Drought Dries Up Honey Supply",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/06/20140616science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Alice Daniel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18342\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18342\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\" alt=\"A beekeeper for Bradshaw Honey Farm wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees. The bees don't have enough wildflowers to make honey. Instead, owner David Bradshaw is just trying to keep his bees alive.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Chris DePrada wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees for Bradshaw Honey Farm.(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These are hard times for honeybees; colonies are collapsing for reasons ranging from pesticides to parasites. And with this year’s pitiful rainfall in California, bees are facing another plight: There’s a lot less natural forage to make honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation beekeeper David Bradshaw pulls his truck up alongside wooden boxes of beehives on a farm outside the Central Valley town of Visalia. Soon, a loud mechanical sound – some would say a beekeeper’s buzz kill – drowns out the lively drone of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pump,” explains Bradshaw. His hungry insects aren’t getting enough natural nectar, so Bradshaw has to feed them. “It sucks the syrup blend out of that tank, and pumps it into that garden hose. Then we go from hive to hive and fill up these little feeders here. They hold about a gallon of syrup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw will spend about $80,000 on artificial nectar this summer just to keep his colonies from starving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a normal year, Bradshaw takes his bees to hills laden with wildflowers. But this year, those hills are bone dry and they look barren. Plants are mostly dormant, and that means the natural nectar production line is shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When wildflowers do bloom, they make nectar from sugar and water. Bees use the nectar to make honey. But a drought means less water, less nectar and less honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Bradshaw is keeping his bees on the valley floor. In addition to the syrup, he’s feeding them a doughy protein supplement: soy flour, brewer’s yeast, vitamins and minerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18343 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees a doughy protein supplement in addition to a sugary syrup. Bradshaw says he'll spend about $80,000 to feed his bees this summer. Typically he would take them to hills laden with wildflowers but this year those hills are bone dry because of the drought. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The protein supplement that beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees sits on top of a hive. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s good enough to keep the bees going, but it’s no substitute for the nectar used to make honey. That’s one reason Bradshaw sent 700 of his hives to Kansas, to feast on bee pastures there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just load them up on a semi truck and send them off,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like sending his kids off to summer camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry! If they run into some bad weather where it gets too hot,” Bradshaw says. “You don’t want to be stuck on the side of the road in a broken truck with a bunch of angry bees in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can tell the bees are hungry.’ \u003ccite>— David Bradshaw, Beekeeper\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw’s been keeping bees for 40 years. His 3,800 hives typically produce about 250 barrels of honey a year. In the past three years, because of the drought and lack of wildflower nectar, his bees have been producing one-tenth of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can tell the bees are hungry,” Bradshaw says. “They’re all over the truck. If there was nectar available, they wouldn’t even be around the truck. They smell the syrup there so they’re all over it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His bees fed, Bradshaw gets back in his truck. As he drives over a bridge spanning an empty riverbed, he says small packers from Santa Cruz to Ojai have called him begging for honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially the more exotic honeys like sage honey or buckwheat honey,” he says. “Even alfalfa honey is gonna be in very, very short supply this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like alfalfa and cotton are less abundant this year because there’s not enough water to irrigate them. So beekeepers are leaning heavily on one crop: oranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beekeeper Steve Godlin watches the sticky orange blossom honey move slowly down a chute at his warehouse outside the little town of Exeter, not far from the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the production line where the wax gets separated from the honey and the honey gets pumped down to a tank. “That’s where we fill the barrels,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18411\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In wet years, Godlin runs his bees from the Coast Ranges to the Mojave Desert and he can make a million pounds of honey. This year he’ll produce half that much, and with less variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On those wet years, there’s sage, buckwheat, blue curl, tarweed, manzanita, a lot of different plants,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On dry years, oranges are his best bet. But oranges are a crowded field. Beekeepers come from all over the country to plant their hives amid the sweet-smelling orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody and their brother wanted to bring their bees to the oranges,” Godlin says. “I do my best to protect my areas but it’s a free country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”916b3d5922f79e5bc384a9570b517551″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gene Brandi, vice president of the American Beekeeping Federation, says California is typically a major honey-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In years when California receives adequate rainfall and especially in years when California receives above-normal rainfall, like the El Niño years, California is the number one honey-producing state in the nation,” Brandi says. “We’ve done that many times in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honey production in the state varies considerably from year to year, but in a drought year it typically gets cut by about half. This year, Brandi says, it might be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen a year like this when it’s not only dry but the irrigation water is so scarce,” Brandi says. “I think the honey production in California will likely be one of the lowest levels we’ve seen in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile wholesale honey prices are the highest Brandi has ever seen, averaging $2 a pound. That’s great for beekeepers, he says, if only they had more to sell.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Mountain meadows that would normally be covered with wildflowers have nothing to offer the bees this year, as the flowers lie dormant in the drought. Beekeepers are looking at drastically reduced production, and in some cases are just trying to keep their bees alive.\r\n",
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"description": "Mountain meadows that would normally be covered with wildflowers have nothing to offer the bees this year, as the flowers lie dormant in the drought. Beekeepers are looking at drastically reduced production, and in some cases are just trying to keep their bees alive.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Alice Daniel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18342\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18342\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\" alt=\"A beekeeper for Bradshaw Honey Farm wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees. The bees don't have enough wildflowers to make honey. Instead, owner David Bradshaw is just trying to keep his bees alive.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Chris DePrada wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees for Bradshaw Honey Farm.(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These are hard times for honeybees; colonies are collapsing for reasons ranging from pesticides to parasites. And with this year’s pitiful rainfall in California, bees are facing another plight: There’s a lot less natural forage to make honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation beekeeper David Bradshaw pulls his truck up alongside wooden boxes of beehives on a farm outside the Central Valley town of Visalia. Soon, a loud mechanical sound – some would say a beekeeper’s buzz kill – drowns out the lively drone of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pump,” explains Bradshaw. His hungry insects aren’t getting enough natural nectar, so Bradshaw has to feed them. “It sucks the syrup blend out of that tank, and pumps it into that garden hose. Then we go from hive to hive and fill up these little feeders here. They hold about a gallon of syrup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw will spend about $80,000 on artificial nectar this summer just to keep his colonies from starving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a normal year, Bradshaw takes his bees to hills laden with wildflowers. But this year, those hills are bone dry and they look barren. Plants are mostly dormant, and that means the natural nectar production line is shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When wildflowers do bloom, they make nectar from sugar and water. Bees use the nectar to make honey. But a drought means less water, less nectar and less honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Bradshaw is keeping his bees on the valley floor. In addition to the syrup, he’s feeding them a doughy protein supplement: soy flour, brewer’s yeast, vitamins and minerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18343 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees a doughy protein supplement in addition to a sugary syrup. Bradshaw says he'll spend about $80,000 to feed his bees this summer. Typically he would take them to hills laden with wildflowers but this year those hills are bone dry because of the drought. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The protein supplement that beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees sits on top of a hive. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s good enough to keep the bees going, but it’s no substitute for the nectar used to make honey. That’s one reason Bradshaw sent 700 of his hives to Kansas, to feast on bee pastures there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just load them up on a semi truck and send them off,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like sending his kids off to summer camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry! If they run into some bad weather where it gets too hot,” Bradshaw says. “You don’t want to be stuck on the side of the road in a broken truck with a bunch of angry bees in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can tell the bees are hungry.’ \u003ccite>— David Bradshaw, Beekeeper\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw’s been keeping bees for 40 years. His 3,800 hives typically produce about 250 barrels of honey a year. In the past three years, because of the drought and lack of wildflower nectar, his bees have been producing one-tenth of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can tell the bees are hungry,” Bradshaw says. “They’re all over the truck. If there was nectar available, they wouldn’t even be around the truck. They smell the syrup there so they’re all over it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His bees fed, Bradshaw gets back in his truck. As he drives over a bridge spanning an empty riverbed, he says small packers from Santa Cruz to Ojai have called him begging for honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially the more exotic honeys like sage honey or buckwheat honey,” he says. “Even alfalfa honey is gonna be in very, very short supply this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like alfalfa and cotton are less abundant this year because there’s not enough water to irrigate them. So beekeepers are leaning heavily on one crop: oranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beekeeper Steve Godlin watches the sticky orange blossom honey move slowly down a chute at his warehouse outside the little town of Exeter, not far from the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the production line where the wax gets separated from the honey and the honey gets pumped down to a tank. “That’s where we fill the barrels,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18411\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In wet years, Godlin runs his bees from the Coast Ranges to the Mojave Desert and he can make a million pounds of honey. This year he’ll produce half that much, and with less variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On those wet years, there’s sage, buckwheat, blue curl, tarweed, manzanita, a lot of different plants,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On dry years, oranges are his best bet. But oranges are a crowded field. Beekeepers come from all over the country to plant their hives amid the sweet-smelling orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody and their brother wanted to bring their bees to the oranges,” Godlin says. “I do my best to protect my areas but it’s a free country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gene Brandi, vice president of the American Beekeeping Federation, says California is typically a major honey-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In years when California receives adequate rainfall and especially in years when California receives above-normal rainfall, like the El Niño years, California is the number one honey-producing state in the nation,” Brandi says. “We’ve done that many times in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honey production in the state varies considerably from year to year, but in a drought year it typically gets cut by about half. This year, Brandi says, it might be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen a year like this when it’s not only dry but the irrigation water is so scarce,” Brandi says. “I think the honey production in California will likely be one of the lowest levels we’ve seen in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile wholesale honey prices are the highest Brandi has ever seen, averaging $2 a pound. That’s great for beekeepers, he says, if only they had more to sell.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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