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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10 p.m. Saturday:\u003c/strong> Pretty much as forecast, the second wave of our weekend storm arrived in the greater Bay Area late Saturday and Locations in the Santa Cruz Mountains have already gotten an inch or more in the past three hours. Much more is expected there overnight. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-resolution models also suggest the heavy rains will move north across the Peninsula by midnight, then into the North Bay before moving south again late Sunday morning. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One flood note to mention: The California-Nevada River Forecast Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=POHC1\" target=\"_blank\">outlook for the Merced River\u003c/a> in Yosemite Valley has been revised upward and then downward. Waters are expected to surge past flood stage at after daybreak Sunday and crest at 15.8 feet late Sunday afternoon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The valley was closed to visitors on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, back to \"7 Things\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (5 p.m. Friday): \u003c/strong>When you're a layperson telling the general public about a great weather cataclysm that's forecast to unfold in the next day or two, it's always in your mind whether the thing will really happen. But we're working on the assumption now that the various highfalutin supercomputer-driven weather models and the humans who interpret them will prove correct in their forecast of a rainy, windy weekend for the Bay Area and Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters across California say the storm this weekend, fed by a dense plume of moisture drawn from the subtropical Pacific, will be one of the wettest the state has seen in more than a decade. The weekend could see a foot of rain falling in isolated areas of the Santa Cruz Mountains and in parts of the Sierra foothills. Rain falling over high elevations of the Sierra Nevada will release large volumes of runoff and lead to rises in rivers and streams flowing down to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"AtAPl6r8zVOC8mNIncYHBpCqoezSHXEr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example of the impact of that spike in runoff and river levels: A rapid rise forecast on the Merced River has prompted the National Park Service to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/all-roads-leading-into-yosemite-valley-to-close-today-at-500-pm.htm\" target=\"_blank\">shut down access to Yosemite Valley\u003c/a> over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a rundown of what forecasters say we ought to expect over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Timing:\u003c/strong> Depending on the weather model you look at, rain is forecast to begin early this evening in western Sonoma and Marin counties and spread over the entire Bay Area by midnight Friday. On and off precipitation is expected to ramp up Saturday evening. \u003cem>(A favorite site for forecast details and timing: National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">Bay Area forecast discussion\u003c/a>.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Rainfall:\u003c/strong> The region is likely to see a pretty good shot of rain in what forecasters are calling the opening act of the weekend storm. For the period ending 4 p.m. Saturday, the California-Nevada River Forecast Center's precipitation forecast estimates totals of more than 1.5 inches in northern Sonoma County and the Santa Cruz Mountains, about an inch in inland Sonoma and Marin counties, and less than half an inch in San Jose and most interior valleys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the main plume of subtropical moisture arrives at our part of the coast late Saturday evening, rain rates are expected to increase dramatically, especially along the northern Big Sur Coast, the Santa Cruz Mountains, and the hills north of the Golden Gate up to northern Sonoma County. For the 36 hours from 4 p.m. Saturday through 4 a.m. Monday, the CNRFC precipitation forecast estimates totals of 8.33 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountain community of Ben Lomond and 5.36 inches for Venado in northwestern Sonoma. Urban forecasts for the same period, from north to south, include 3.09 inches for Santa Rosa, 3.71 inches for San Rafael, 2.61 inches for San Francisco, and 2.04 inches for San Jose. (\u003cem>A favorite site for following precipitation totals: The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/?product=twentyfourhourP&product2=&id2=twentyfourhourP&zoom=7&lat=38.078980099359285&lng=-122.33359044314392&time=undefined&PNGtypeID=undefined&cursorReadout=true&showElev=true&useEst=true&obsTempsChgInvert=false&comboLink=Fcst&CNRFC=true&STATES=false&COUNTIES=false&RIVERS=false&LAKES=false&BASINS=false&BURNAREAS1=false&NATIONALPARKS=false&ElevMax=15000&ElevMin=-500&QPEpointMin=0.00&obsTempspointMax=130&obsTempspointMin=-30&obsTempsChgpointMax=40&obsTempsChgpointMin=-40&SWEpointMin=0&SWEChgMax=20.1&SWEChgMin=-20.1&SDpointMax=400&SDpointMin=0&SDChgMax=100.1&SDChgMin=-100.1&waterTempspointMax=110&waterTempspointMin=25&peakDatesMax=9/30&peakDatesMin=4/1&opacity=65&animateradarrefl=false&animateQPE6hr=false&animateQPF6hr=false&animateQPF24hr=false&animateTempObs6hr=false&animateMaxTFcstMaxT=false&animateMinTFcstMinT=false&animateFzLevel6hrObs=false&animateFzLevel6hrFcst=false&speedradarrefl=-200&speedQPE6hr=-500&speedQPF6hr=-500&speedQPF24hr=-500&speedTempObs6hr=-500&speedMaxTFcstMaxT=-500&speedMinTFcstMinT=-500&speedFzLevel6hrObs=-500&speedFzLevel6hrFcst=-500&cat1=true&cat2=true&cat3=true&cat4=true&cat5=true&cat6=true&cat7=true&precipToggle=precipValues&dataTable=false&mapBG=esriTopo\" target=\"_blank\">CNRFC Observed Precipitation page\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Winds:\u003c/strong> The National Weather Service says the weekend storm promises two separate episodes of high winds. The first will occur early \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=high%20wind%20warning\" target=\"_blank\">Saturday morning to Saturday afternoon\u003c/a>, the second during daylight hours on Sunday. Gusts as high as 60 mph are forecast for the North Bay hills and mountains, East Bay hills and Diablo Range, and the Santa Cruz mountains. Gusty winds are also expected in coastal area from northern Sonoma down to Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Mountains:\u003c/strong> Snow, rain and then snow are forecast throughout the Northern and Central Sierra Nevada. Snow levels are expected to start out low early Saturday, then rise dramatically during the day. The snow level will reach 9,000 feet or so by early Sunday before lowering again to 6,000 feet or below on Monday. (Great site for Lake Tahoe area snow forecasts: \u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\">Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>. And for broader Sierra forecasts, see the National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/sto/\" target=\"_blank\">Sacramento\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/rev/\" target=\"_blank\">Reno\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/hnx/\" target=\"_blank\">Hanford\u003c/a> sites.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Flooding:\u003c/strong> National Weather Service offices throughout Northern California have issued alerts for possible flooding. The Bay Area forecast office has put out a flash flood watch stretching from Saturday afternoon through Sunday evening for Sonoma, Marin and Napa Counties, the San Francisco Bay shoreline, the Peninsula seacoast, the Santa Clara Valley and Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=sto&wwa=flood%20watch\" target=\"_blank\">Flood watches\u003c/a> have been issued for virtually the entire Central Valley and the full length of the Sierra foothills. The main reason for that: forecasts for up to 15 inches of rain in the northern foothills in the Feather River basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. More flooding:\u003c/strong> The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast Center says\u003c/a> dozens of rivers throughout Northern and Central California will be at or near flood stage. That includes rivers that rise and fall very rapidly, as well as the Central Valley's principal rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Russian River, one of those fast-to-rise, fast-to-fall streams, is expected to rise \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=GUEC1\" target=\"_blank\">above flood stage at Guerneville\u003c/a> early Monday and crest on early Tuesday. The Sacramento River will reach monitor or flood stage between Red Bluff and the city of Sacramento and begin overflowing a series of weirs designed to divert floodwaters into low-lying bypasses and ease pressure on levees along the waterway. \u003cem>(We're partial to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast site\u003c/a> for flood information and precipitation data.)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. Travel conditions:\u003c/strong> There is a high potential for travel impacts this weekend regardless of your mode of travel. Some sites to monitor whether you're planning to drive, ride a train or ferry, or fly: Caltrans road conditions -- both for \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/cgi-bin/roads.cgi\" target=\"_blank\">all highways\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/roadinfo/mtnhwys.htm\" target=\"_blank\">mountain routes\u003c/a>. For Bay Area traffic and transit: \u003ca href=\"http://511.org/\" target=\"_blank\">511.org\u003c/a>. For airport flight status info: see \u003ca href=\"http://www.airportsfo.org/flights/departures\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco International\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandairport.com/airlines/flight-status/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.flysanjose.com/fl/travelers.php?page=airlines_flights/departures&extn=php\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose\u003c/a> airport sites.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10 p.m. Saturday:\u003c/strong> Pretty much as forecast, the second wave of our weekend storm arrived in the greater Bay Area late Saturday and Locations in the Santa Cruz Mountains have already gotten an inch or more in the past three hours. Much more is expected there overnight. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-resolution models also suggest the heavy rains will move north across the Peninsula by midnight, then into the North Bay before moving south again late Sunday morning. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One flood note to mention: The California-Nevada River Forecast Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=POHC1\" target=\"_blank\">outlook for the Merced River\u003c/a> in Yosemite Valley has been revised upward and then downward. Waters are expected to surge past flood stage at after daybreak Sunday and crest at 15.8 feet late Sunday afternoon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The valley was closed to visitors on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, back to \"7 Things\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (5 p.m. Friday): \u003c/strong>When you're a layperson telling the general public about a great weather cataclysm that's forecast to unfold in the next day or two, it's always in your mind whether the thing will really happen. But we're working on the assumption now that the various highfalutin supercomputer-driven weather models and the humans who interpret them will prove correct in their forecast of a rainy, windy weekend for the Bay Area and Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters across California say the storm this weekend, fed by a dense plume of moisture drawn from the subtropical Pacific, will be one of the wettest the state has seen in more than a decade. The weekend could see a foot of rain falling in isolated areas of the Santa Cruz Mountains and in parts of the Sierra foothills. Rain falling over high elevations of the Sierra Nevada will release large volumes of runoff and lead to rises in rivers and streams flowing down to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example of the impact of that spike in runoff and river levels: A rapid rise forecast on the Merced River has prompted the National Park Service to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/all-roads-leading-into-yosemite-valley-to-close-today-at-500-pm.htm\" target=\"_blank\">shut down access to Yosemite Valley\u003c/a> over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a rundown of what forecasters say we ought to expect over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Timing:\u003c/strong> Depending on the weather model you look at, rain is forecast to begin early this evening in western Sonoma and Marin counties and spread over the entire Bay Area by midnight Friday. On and off precipitation is expected to ramp up Saturday evening. \u003cem>(A favorite site for forecast details and timing: National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">Bay Area forecast discussion\u003c/a>.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Rainfall:\u003c/strong> The region is likely to see a pretty good shot of rain in what forecasters are calling the opening act of the weekend storm. For the period ending 4 p.m. Saturday, the California-Nevada River Forecast Center's precipitation forecast estimates totals of more than 1.5 inches in northern Sonoma County and the Santa Cruz Mountains, about an inch in inland Sonoma and Marin counties, and less than half an inch in San Jose and most interior valleys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the main plume of subtropical moisture arrives at our part of the coast late Saturday evening, rain rates are expected to increase dramatically, especially along the northern Big Sur Coast, the Santa Cruz Mountains, and the hills north of the Golden Gate up to northern Sonoma County. For the 36 hours from 4 p.m. Saturday through 4 a.m. Monday, the CNRFC precipitation forecast estimates totals of 8.33 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountain community of Ben Lomond and 5.36 inches for Venado in northwestern Sonoma. Urban forecasts for the same period, from north to south, include 3.09 inches for Santa Rosa, 3.71 inches for San Rafael, 2.61 inches for San Francisco, and 2.04 inches for San Jose. (\u003cem>A favorite site for following precipitation totals: The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/?product=twentyfourhourP&product2=&id2=twentyfourhourP&zoom=7&lat=38.078980099359285&lng=-122.33359044314392&time=undefined&PNGtypeID=undefined&cursorReadout=true&showElev=true&useEst=true&obsTempsChgInvert=false&comboLink=Fcst&CNRFC=true&STATES=false&COUNTIES=false&RIVERS=false&LAKES=false&BASINS=false&BURNAREAS1=false&NATIONALPARKS=false&ElevMax=15000&ElevMin=-500&QPEpointMin=0.00&obsTempspointMax=130&obsTempspointMin=-30&obsTempsChgpointMax=40&obsTempsChgpointMin=-40&SWEpointMin=0&SWEChgMax=20.1&SWEChgMin=-20.1&SDpointMax=400&SDpointMin=0&SDChgMax=100.1&SDChgMin=-100.1&waterTempspointMax=110&waterTempspointMin=25&peakDatesMax=9/30&peakDatesMin=4/1&opacity=65&animateradarrefl=false&animateQPE6hr=false&animateQPF6hr=false&animateQPF24hr=false&animateTempObs6hr=false&animateMaxTFcstMaxT=false&animateMinTFcstMinT=false&animateFzLevel6hrObs=false&animateFzLevel6hrFcst=false&speedradarrefl=-200&speedQPE6hr=-500&speedQPF6hr=-500&speedQPF24hr=-500&speedTempObs6hr=-500&speedMaxTFcstMaxT=-500&speedMinTFcstMinT=-500&speedFzLevel6hrObs=-500&speedFzLevel6hrFcst=-500&cat1=true&cat2=true&cat3=true&cat4=true&cat5=true&cat6=true&cat7=true&precipToggle=precipValues&dataTable=false&mapBG=esriTopo\" target=\"_blank\">CNRFC Observed Precipitation page\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Winds:\u003c/strong> The National Weather Service says the weekend storm promises two separate episodes of high winds. The first will occur early \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=high%20wind%20warning\" target=\"_blank\">Saturday morning to Saturday afternoon\u003c/a>, the second during daylight hours on Sunday. Gusts as high as 60 mph are forecast for the North Bay hills and mountains, East Bay hills and Diablo Range, and the Santa Cruz mountains. Gusty winds are also expected in coastal area from northern Sonoma down to Monterey Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Mountains:\u003c/strong> Snow, rain and then snow are forecast throughout the Northern and Central Sierra Nevada. Snow levels are expected to start out low early Saturday, then rise dramatically during the day. The snow level will reach 9,000 feet or so by early Sunday before lowering again to 6,000 feet or below on Monday. (Great site for Lake Tahoe area snow forecasts: \u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\">Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>. And for broader Sierra forecasts, see the National Weather Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/sto/\" target=\"_blank\">Sacramento\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/rev/\" target=\"_blank\">Reno\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/hnx/\" target=\"_blank\">Hanford\u003c/a> sites.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Flooding:\u003c/strong> National Weather Service offices throughout Northern California have issued alerts for possible flooding. The Bay Area forecast office has put out a flash flood watch stretching from Saturday afternoon through Sunday evening for Sonoma, Marin and Napa Counties, the San Francisco Bay shoreline, the Peninsula seacoast, the Santa Clara Valley and Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=sto&wwa=flood%20watch\" target=\"_blank\">Flood watches\u003c/a> have been issued for virtually the entire Central Valley and the full length of the Sierra foothills. The main reason for that: forecasts for up to 15 inches of rain in the northern foothills in the Feather River basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. More flooding:\u003c/strong> The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast Center says\u003c/a> dozens of rivers throughout Northern and Central California will be at or near flood stage. That includes rivers that rise and fall very rapidly, as well as the Central Valley's principal rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Russian River, one of those fast-to-rise, fast-to-fall streams, is expected to rise \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=GUEC1\" target=\"_blank\">above flood stage at Guerneville\u003c/a> early Monday and crest on early Tuesday. The Sacramento River will reach monitor or flood stage between Red Bluff and the city of Sacramento and begin overflowing a series of weirs designed to divert floodwaters into low-lying bypasses and ease pressure on levees along the waterway. \u003cem>(We're partial to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast site\u003c/a> for flood information and precipitation data.)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. Travel conditions:\u003c/strong> There is a high potential for travel impacts this weekend regardless of your mode of travel. Some sites to monitor whether you're planning to drive, ride a train or ferry, or fly: Caltrans road conditions -- both for \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/cgi-bin/roads.cgi\" target=\"_blank\">all highways\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/roadinfo/mtnhwys.htm\" target=\"_blank\">mountain routes\u003c/a>. For Bay Area traffic and transit: \u003ca href=\"http://511.org/\" target=\"_blank\">511.org\u003c/a>. For airport flight status info: see \u003ca href=\"http://www.airportsfo.org/flights/departures\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco International\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandairport.com/airlines/flight-status/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.flysanjose.com/fl/travelers.php?page=airlines_flights/departures&extn=php\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose\u003c/a> airport sites.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This month’s stormy weather may be reminding Californians of winters long past, back in the days before the state’s historic five-year drought took hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was back in 2011, when reservoirs were full and lawn-watering rules weren’t front-page news. The animation below shows how the drought gripped the state soon after, as measured by weekly drought severity snapshots from the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, today, the drought still isn’t over. While conditions in Northern California have improved quite a bit, Southern California is still facing an “exceptional” drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This month’s stormy weather may be reminding Californians of winters long past, back in the days before the state’s historic five-year drought took hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was back in 2011, when reservoirs were full and lawn-watering rules weren’t front-page news. The animation below shows how the drought gripped the state soon after, as measured by weekly drought severity snapshots from the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, today, the drought still isn’t over. While conditions in Northern California have improved quite a bit, Southern California is still facing an “exceptional” drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "a-really-big-crack-in-an-antarctic-ice-shelf-just-got-bigger",
"title": "A Really Big Crack in an Antarctic Ice Shelf Just Got Bigger",
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"content": "\u003cp>Right now, a big chunk of Antarctic ice is hanging on by a frozen thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>British researchers monitoring the crack in the Larsen C ice shelf say that only about 12 miles now connect the chunk of ice to the rest of the continent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a few months of steady, incremental advance since the last event, the rift grew suddenly by a further 18 km [11 miles] during the second half of December 2016,” wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.swansea.ac.uk/staff/science/geography/a.luckman/\">Adrian Luckman\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"http://www.projectmidas.org/blog/larsen-c-ice-shelf-poised-to-calve/\">a statement\u003c/a> Thursday by the MIDAS Project, which is monitoring changes in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crack in question has been growing for years, and is now a total of roughly 70 miles long. When the fissure reaches the far side of the shelf, an iceberg the size of Delaware will float off, leaving the Larsen C 10 percent smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This event will fundamentally change the landscape of the Antarctic Peninsula,” Luckman wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11257350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11257350\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A NASA scientist with project IceBridge took this photo of the crack in November.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A NASA scientist with project IceBridge took this photo of the crack in November. \u003ccite>(John Sonntag/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ice shelves are important because they \u003ca href=\"http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=89257\">provide a buffer\u003c/a> between the sea and the ice that sits on land, in this case on the Antarctic Peninsula. Without a healthy ice shelf, water from melting glaciers can flow straight to the sea, raising the sea level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s normal for the front of an ice shelf to crack and break off, known as calving. But it’s unusual for that to happen faster than the ice shelf can refreeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists worry that the missing piece will destabilize the whole ice shelf. A smaller ice shelf, Larsen B, \u003ca href=\"http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WorldOfChange/larsenb.php\">completely splintered\u003c/a> in a little over a month in 2002, a process that started with a similar crack. Another ice shelf, Larsen A, had disintegrated a few years before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Larsen C may eventually follow the example of its neighbour Larsen B,” wrote Luckman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it doesn’t go in the next few months, I’ll be amazed,” he \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-38522954\">told\u003c/a> BBC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larsen C is Antarctica’s fourth-largest ice shelf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Right now, a big chunk of Antarctic ice is hanging on by a frozen thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>British researchers monitoring the crack in the Larsen C ice shelf say that only about 12 miles now connect the chunk of ice to the rest of the continent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a few months of steady, incremental advance since the last event, the rift grew suddenly by a further 18 km [11 miles] during the second half of December 2016,” wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.swansea.ac.uk/staff/science/geography/a.luckman/\">Adrian Luckman\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"http://www.projectmidas.org/blog/larsen-c-ice-shelf-poised-to-calve/\">a statement\u003c/a> Thursday by the MIDAS Project, which is monitoring changes in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crack in question has been growing for years, and is now a total of roughly 70 miles long. When the fissure reaches the far side of the shelf, an iceberg the size of Delaware will float off, leaving the Larsen C 10 percent smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This event will fundamentally change the landscape of the Antarctic Peninsula,” Luckman wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11257350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11257350\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A NASA scientist with project IceBridge took this photo of the crack in November.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/larsenc_photo_2016315_lrg_wide-5b67cf99ec7bb47db266b89cb087529f1074d11c-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A NASA scientist with project IceBridge took this photo of the crack in November. \u003ccite>(John Sonntag/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ice shelves are important because they \u003ca href=\"http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=89257\">provide a buffer\u003c/a> between the sea and the ice that sits on land, in this case on the Antarctic Peninsula. Without a healthy ice shelf, water from melting glaciers can flow straight to the sea, raising the sea level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s normal for the front of an ice shelf to crack and break off, known as calving. But it’s unusual for that to happen faster than the ice shelf can refreeze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some scientists worry that the missing piece will destabilize the whole ice shelf. A smaller ice shelf, Larsen B, \u003ca href=\"http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WorldOfChange/larsenb.php\">completely splintered\u003c/a> in a little over a month in 2002, a process that started with a similar crack. Another ice shelf, Larsen A, had disintegrated a few years before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Larsen C may eventually follow the example of its neighbour Larsen B,” wrote Luckman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it doesn’t go in the next few months, I’ll be amazed,” he \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-38522954\">told\u003c/a> BBC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larsen C is Antarctica’s fourth-largest ice shelf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Air District Says Chevron Refinery in Richmond Probably Caused Mysterious S.F. Odors",
"title": "Air District Says Chevron Refinery in Richmond Probably Caused Mysterious S.F. Odors",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Chevron oil company will most likely face a series of fines in connection with malfunctions at its Richmond refinery and high levels of a toxic gas that were measured near the facility last week, according to a top local air district official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air regulators believe that the abnormally high amounts of hydrogen sulfide detected by one of the company's air monitors moments after flaring incidents at the refinery most likely caused two days of a sulfurlike smell in San Francisco, said John Gioia, the Contra Costa County supervisor who represents the area where the refinery is located and is a member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Board of Directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The air district modeled the unique atmospheric conditions that were going on over those days, and believe that indeed odors from Richmond made their way over to the Marina district in San Francisco,\" Gioia said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"J32U5v7Wlgi39i5kB9h3a3GGnKIz9cOX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His comments came hours after KQED revealed that one of the air readings that followed a Chevron flaring incident last week \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/06/mysterious-s-f-odors-preceded-by-high-levels-of-toxic-gas-in-richmond/\" target=\"_blank\">maxed out\u003c/a> the company's pollution monitoring equipment in Point Richmond minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are the first remarks from an air district official that more definitively point to Chevron as the most likely cause of the smell that prompted dozens of residents more than 10 miles away from the refinery to complain to San Francisco fire dispatchers and PG&E in the early morning hours of Wednesday, Dec. 28, and again late that night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now the focus is on the Chevron flaring incident,\" Gioia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took the refinery 13 hours to notify local emergency agencies, county health officials and local air regulators after Chevron's first flaring incident, one of the oil company's preliminary reports acknowledged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That delay should lead to a penalty from county officials, according to Gioia. \"In this case there's an immediate violation of state law for failing to notify about the flaring,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa health officials and county prosecutors are considering the \"possibility of doing enforcement actions for improper notification,\" said Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first air reading at Point Richmond measured 451 parts per billion (ppb) of hydrogen sulfide and the second detected more than 500 ppb. Those levels violate standards set by the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Clearly, if there are air quality violations, the air district will vigorously pursue fines and penalties to the maximum extent that it can,\" Gioia said, adding that the BAAQMD is finalizing its investigation and will most likely release some of its results in the next week or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph Borrmann, an air district spokesman, emphasized that the investigation has not been concluded, and so he would not say what the potential fines would be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the air agency has said the refinery is just one of the suspects tied to the San Francisco odor. Other potential sources are a ship in the Bay, area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no reports of any spills in the bay at the time, according to the U.S Coast Guard, and Gioia said the district believes landfills and wastewater treatment facilities did not create the hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has yet to comment on the most recent development, but has pushed back against the theory that the Richmond refinery caused the San Francisco odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is premature to speculate whether our recent flaring incidents are the cause of those odors,” Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casey wrote in an email Friday afternoon that Chevron has not yet heard from the air district regarding its findings.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "'Odors from Richmond made their way over to the Marina district,' said Contra Costa County Supervisor John Gioia, who is also a member of the air district board.",
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"description": "'Odors from Richmond made their way over to the Marina district,' said Contra Costa County Supervisor John Gioia, who is also a member of the air district board.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Chevron oil company will most likely face a series of fines in connection with malfunctions at its Richmond refinery and high levels of a toxic gas that were measured near the facility last week, according to a top local air district official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air regulators believe that the abnormally high amounts of hydrogen sulfide detected by one of the company's air monitors moments after flaring incidents at the refinery most likely caused two days of a sulfurlike smell in San Francisco, said John Gioia, the Contra Costa County supervisor who represents the area where the refinery is located and is a member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Board of Directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The air district modeled the unique atmospheric conditions that were going on over those days, and believe that indeed odors from Richmond made their way over to the Marina district in San Francisco,\" Gioia said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His comments came hours after KQED revealed that one of the air readings that followed a Chevron flaring incident last week \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/06/mysterious-s-f-odors-preceded-by-high-levels-of-toxic-gas-in-richmond/\" target=\"_blank\">maxed out\u003c/a> the company's pollution monitoring equipment in Point Richmond minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are the first remarks from an air district official that more definitively point to Chevron as the most likely cause of the smell that prompted dozens of residents more than 10 miles away from the refinery to complain to San Francisco fire dispatchers and PG&E in the early morning hours of Wednesday, Dec. 28, and again late that night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now the focus is on the Chevron flaring incident,\" Gioia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took the refinery 13 hours to notify local emergency agencies, county health officials and local air regulators after Chevron's first flaring incident, one of the oil company's preliminary reports acknowledged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That delay should lead to a penalty from county officials, according to Gioia. \"In this case there's an immediate violation of state law for failing to notify about the flaring,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa health officials and county prosecutors are considering the \"possibility of doing enforcement actions for improper notification,\" said Randy Sawyer, the county's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first air reading at Point Richmond measured 451 parts per billion (ppb) of hydrogen sulfide and the second detected more than 500 ppb. Those levels violate standards set by the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Clearly, if there are air quality violations, the air district will vigorously pursue fines and penalties to the maximum extent that it can,\" Gioia said, adding that the BAAQMD is finalizing its investigation and will most likely release some of its results in the next week or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph Borrmann, an air district spokesman, emphasized that the investigation has not been concluded, and so he would not say what the potential fines would be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the air agency has said the refinery is just one of the suspects tied to the San Francisco odor. Other potential sources are a ship in the Bay, area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no reports of any spills in the bay at the time, according to the U.S Coast Guard, and Gioia said the district believes landfills and wastewater treatment facilities did not create the hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has yet to comment on the most recent development, but has pushed back against the theory that the Richmond refinery caused the San Francisco odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is premature to speculate whether our recent flaring incidents are the cause of those odors,” Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casey wrote in an email Friday afternoon that Chevron has not yet heard from the air district regarding its findings.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Mysterious S.F. Odors Preceded by High Levels of Toxic Gas in Richmond",
"title": "Mysterious S.F. Odors Preceded by High Levels of Toxic Gas in Richmond",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Twice last week, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/28/air-district-launches-investigation-into-san-francisco-sulfur-smell/\" target=\"_blank\">residents of San Francisco complained\u003c/a> of a sulfurlike smell during the night. And twice last week, elevated concentrations of a toxic gas violating local air regulations were detected at Point Richmond, according to air monitoring data by the Chevron oil company, which operates a refinery there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the levels of hydrogen sulfide were so intense in one instance that it maxed out the company's pollution monitoring equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data alarmed environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a very dangerous pollutant, and some of these levels far exceed the limits set by air quality officials,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, an Oakland-based attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, who reviewed Chevron's data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reports lend credence to what seemed to be a far-fetched \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/29/chevron-flaring-two-days-in-a-row-now-suspect-in-sulfur-smell/\" target=\"_blank\">theory \u003c/a>that flaring at the Chevron facility may have been the cause of sulfurlike odors last week in San Francisco, more than 10 miles away, according to Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's definitely an indication that something was going on and there could definitely be something that could have potentially impacted San Francisco,\" said Sawyer, adding that the winds after both flares were gusting toward the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's something that did not work properly,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, hydrogen sulfide is burned as it goes through a refinery's flares, a process that turns the gas into sulfur dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in these two incidents, air monitors picked up high levels of hydrogen sulfide. If that chemical came through the flares or somewhere else in the facility, that's a serious problem, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week after the flaring incidents and ensuing series of odor complaints, Chevron sent \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/chevron-incident-2016-1227-72hr-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">three preliminary reports\u003c/a> to Contra Costa County's health services agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This incident highlights the huge risks that come with having an oil refinery in such a heavy populated area,\" said the Center for Biological Diversity's Kretzmann. \"It's also another example of communities of color unjustly bearing the brunt of dangerous air pollution,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Timeline of Refinery Problems, Flares and Toxic Gas Readings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was at 11:45 p.m. on Tuesday, Dec. 27, when Chevron's first malfunction took place, involving a problem with a device that knocks out water from a gas compressor. The refinery sent gas to its flares 38 minutes later, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just minutes after that, at 12:45 a.m., 451 parts per billion (ppb) of hydrogen sulfide were detected at one of the company's ground-level monitoring stations at Point Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 2 a.m. people in San Francisco began calling PG&E and the city's Fire Department, complaining of a sulfurlike smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Chevron 13 hours to notify local emergency agencies, Contra Costa County health officials and local air regulators about the high-level readings, one of the company's reports said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is a problem,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second flaring incident started at 8:45 p.m. on Wednesday, Dec. 28, after a problem with a refinery lube oil compressor. At 10:30 p.m., elevated levels of the toxic gas were detected at the same monitoring station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 11 p.m. residents in San Francisco began complaining of an odor that smelled like rotten eggs, according to fire and PG&E officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Detecting Higher Levels of Hydrogen Sulfide\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron's air monitoring device has a detection range of up to 500 ppb of hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get up to 500 parts per billion, it's going to be very strong odors,\" said Sawyer. He added that people who inhale hydrogen sulfide at those levels can feel nauseous and get headaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the reading violates \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/planning-and-research/rules-and-regs/reg-09/rg0902.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">standards \u003c/a>set by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, they would not trigger a federal violation of air limits, according to Michele Huitric, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydrogen sulfide presents acute health and life safety risks to refinery workers but at much higher levels, according to Robert Harley, who chairs the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical can affect the respiratory systems of plant workers and residents who live near refineries and can be harmful, according to federal health officials. (You can learn more about it by reading this \u003ca href=\"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=387&tid=67\" target=\"_blank\">overview\u003c/a> by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chevron: 'Premature to Speculate' Over Links to Odor \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refinery officials say they are not sure if the facility's two flaring incidents caused the high levels of hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Available information is inconclusive regarding identification of the source of the events, including whether the source was within or from outside of the refinery,\" said one of the company's reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the refinery has pushed back against the theory that it caused the San Francisco odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is premature to speculate whether our recent flaring incidents are the cause of those odors,\" Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air District Still Investigating\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the BAAQMD has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2016/2016-098-cccountysulfursmell-123016-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\">investigating the odor\u003c/a> for the last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The monitoring data indicates excesses of Air District standards, pending further evaluation and review by the District enforcement and air monitoring staff,\" said agency spokesman Ralph Borrmann, adding that the work would take the next 30 to 60 days to complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district has emphasized that the Chevron refinery is just one of the suspects in the San Francisco odor mystery. Other potential sources include area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has also said that ships in the bay could be responsible for the odor, even though the U.S. Coast Guard has said it had no reports of any spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, the agency deployed inspectors into the field throughout the region as part of its probe, said district officials. The agency also received two more odor complaints in Richmond last Friday and Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the gas odor from Richmond could have been detected by people in San Francisco, according to UC Berkeley's Harley. \"Winter and nighttime conditions make this more plausible,\" Harley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even though San Francisco is further away from the source, the hydrogen sulfide levels in San Francisco might still have been above odor threshold for at least some residents,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "'There's something that did not work properly,' said Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Twice last week, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/28/air-district-launches-investigation-into-san-francisco-sulfur-smell/\" target=\"_blank\">residents of San Francisco complained\u003c/a> of a sulfurlike smell during the night. And twice last week, elevated concentrations of a toxic gas violating local air regulations were detected at Point Richmond, according to air monitoring data by the Chevron oil company, which operates a refinery there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the levels of hydrogen sulfide were so intense in one instance that it maxed out the company's pollution monitoring equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data alarmed environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a very dangerous pollutant, and some of these levels far exceed the limits set by air quality officials,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, an Oakland-based attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, who reviewed Chevron's data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reports lend credence to what seemed to be a far-fetched \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/29/chevron-flaring-two-days-in-a-row-now-suspect-in-sulfur-smell/\" target=\"_blank\">theory \u003c/a>that flaring at the Chevron facility may have been the cause of sulfurlike odors last week in San Francisco, more than 10 miles away, according to Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's definitely an indication that something was going on and there could definitely be something that could have potentially impacted San Francisco,\" said Sawyer, adding that the winds after both flares were gusting toward the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's something that did not work properly,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, hydrogen sulfide is burned as it goes through a refinery's flares, a process that turns the gas into sulfur dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in these two incidents, air monitors picked up high levels of hydrogen sulfide. If that chemical came through the flares or somewhere else in the facility, that's a serious problem, Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week after the flaring incidents and ensuing series of odor complaints, Chevron sent \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/chevron-incident-2016-1227-72hr-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">three preliminary reports\u003c/a> to Contra Costa County's health services agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This incident highlights the huge risks that come with having an oil refinery in such a heavy populated area,\" said the Center for Biological Diversity's Kretzmann. \"It's also another example of communities of color unjustly bearing the brunt of dangerous air pollution,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Timeline of Refinery Problems, Flares and Toxic Gas Readings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was at 11:45 p.m. on Tuesday, Dec. 27, when Chevron's first malfunction took place, involving a problem with a device that knocks out water from a gas compressor. The refinery sent gas to its flares 38 minutes later, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just minutes after that, at 12:45 a.m., 451 parts per billion (ppb) of hydrogen sulfide were detected at one of the company's ground-level monitoring stations at Point Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 2 a.m. people in San Francisco began calling PG&E and the city's Fire Department, complaining of a sulfurlike smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Chevron 13 hours to notify local emergency agencies, Contra Costa County health officials and local air regulators about the high-level readings, one of the company's reports said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is a problem,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second flaring incident started at 8:45 p.m. on Wednesday, Dec. 28, after a problem with a refinery lube oil compressor. At 10:30 p.m., elevated levels of the toxic gas were detected at the same monitoring station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 11 p.m. residents in San Francisco began complaining of an odor that smelled like rotten eggs, according to fire and PG&E officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Detecting Higher Levels of Hydrogen Sulfide\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron's air monitoring device has a detection range of up to 500 ppb of hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get up to 500 parts per billion, it's going to be very strong odors,\" said Sawyer. He added that people who inhale hydrogen sulfide at those levels can feel nauseous and get headaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the reading violates \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/planning-and-research/rules-and-regs/reg-09/rg0902.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">standards \u003c/a>set by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, they would not trigger a federal violation of air limits, according to Michele Huitric, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydrogen sulfide presents acute health and life safety risks to refinery workers but at much higher levels, according to Robert Harley, who chairs the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical can affect the respiratory systems of plant workers and residents who live near refineries and can be harmful, according to federal health officials. (You can learn more about it by reading this \u003ca href=\"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=387&tid=67\" target=\"_blank\">overview\u003c/a> by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chevron: 'Premature to Speculate' Over Links to Odor \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refinery officials say they are not sure if the facility's two flaring incidents caused the high levels of hydrogen sulfide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Available information is inconclusive regarding identification of the source of the events, including whether the source was within or from outside of the refinery,\" said one of the company's reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the refinery has pushed back against the theory that it caused the San Francisco odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is premature to speculate whether our recent flaring incidents are the cause of those odors,\" Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air District Still Investigating\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the BAAQMD has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2016/2016-098-cccountysulfursmell-123016-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\">investigating the odor\u003c/a> for the last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The monitoring data indicates excesses of Air District standards, pending further evaluation and review by the District enforcement and air monitoring staff,\" said agency spokesman Ralph Borrmann, adding that the work would take the next 30 to 60 days to complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district has emphasized that the Chevron refinery is just one of the suspects in the San Francisco odor mystery. Other potential sources include area landfills and wastewater treatment facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has also said that ships in the bay could be responsible for the odor, even though the U.S. Coast Guard has said it had no reports of any spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, the agency deployed inspectors into the field throughout the region as part of its probe, said district officials. The agency also received two more odor complaints in Richmond last Friday and Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the gas odor from Richmond could have been detected by people in San Francisco, according to UC Berkeley's Harley. \"Winter and nighttime conditions make this more plausible,\" Harley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even though San Francisco is further away from the source, the hydrogen sulfide levels in San Francisco might still have been above odor threshold for at least some residents,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "2 Skiers Caught in Sierra Avalanche Escape Injury",
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"content": "\u003cp>RENO — Two backcountry skiers escaped uninjured Thursday after they were caught in an avalanche that closed the state highway between Reno and Lake Tahoe in a part of the Sierra Nevada where as much as 6 feet of snow has fallen over the past four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luckily, no one was hurt,\" said Meg Ragonese, spokeswoman for the Nevada Department of Transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man and woman whose names were not released ended up walking off the mountain on their own after rescue crews responded about 12:20 p.m. Thursday along the Mount Rose Highway west of the Mount Rose ski resort, said Washoe County Sheriff's Deputy Jeff McCaskill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Lake Tahoe Fire Protection District spokeswoman Tia Rancourt said the skiers were \"already out of harm's way up on a hillside in the avalanche area\" when the crews arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the skiers had assisted the other one,\" she said. \"Paramedics conducted a medical evaluation and they were released.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/KOLO8/status/817130673987194880\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ragonese said the avalanche on U.S. Forest Service land struck a few vehicles traveling on the highway west of the summit near an area popular for sledding and cross-country skiing about 30 miles southwest of Reno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two vehicles ended up getting stuck in several feet of snow, but NDOT snowplows were able to free them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ragonese said the highway would remain closed for an indefinite period Thursday while crews attempted to trigger some man-made avalanches in an effort to reduce the threat of future snow slides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blizzard conditions had forced the closure of the highway — State Route 431 — most of Wednesday. A small avalanche briefly trapped three vehicles on an access road at the ski resort then, but no one was hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 2 feet of snow has fallen in the past two days at ski resorts in the Tahoe area. A total of 70 inches has been recorded atop the Mount Rose resort since Sunday, the National Weather Service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Thursday, the California Highway Patrol reopened a 50-mile stretch of U.S. Interstate 80 that was closed Wednesday night over Donner Pass west of Truckee. But chains or snow tires remained mandatory Thursday on all the Sierra passes stretching from south of Carson City to north of Reno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several schools in the Tahoe area canceled classes Thursday and others started late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 3 and 5 inches of snow was reported Wednesday night into Thursday in the Reno-Sparks area, where authorities were raising concerns about potential flooding into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather service issued a flash flood watch effective Saturday night through Monday morning throughout the region as another storm system moves in with warmer temperatures. As much as 4 inches of rain is forecast in Reno this weekend, with 6 to 12 inches in the Tahoe basin.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>RENO — Two backcountry skiers escaped uninjured Thursday after they were caught in an avalanche that closed the state highway between Reno and Lake Tahoe in a part of the Sierra Nevada where as much as 6 feet of snow has fallen over the past four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luckily, no one was hurt,\" said Meg Ragonese, spokeswoman for the Nevada Department of Transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man and woman whose names were not released ended up walking off the mountain on their own after rescue crews responded about 12:20 p.m. Thursday along the Mount Rose Highway west of the Mount Rose ski resort, said Washoe County Sheriff's Deputy Jeff McCaskill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Lake Tahoe Fire Protection District spokeswoman Tia Rancourt said the skiers were \"already out of harm's way up on a hillside in the avalanche area\" when the crews arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the skiers had assisted the other one,\" she said. \"Paramedics conducted a medical evaluation and they were released.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Ragonese said the avalanche on U.S. Forest Service land struck a few vehicles traveling on the highway west of the summit near an area popular for sledding and cross-country skiing about 30 miles southwest of Reno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two vehicles ended up getting stuck in several feet of snow, but NDOT snowplows were able to free them, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ragonese said the highway would remain closed for an indefinite period Thursday while crews attempted to trigger some man-made avalanches in an effort to reduce the threat of future snow slides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blizzard conditions had forced the closure of the highway — State Route 431 — most of Wednesday. A small avalanche briefly trapped three vehicles on an access road at the ski resort then, but no one was hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 2 feet of snow has fallen in the past two days at ski resorts in the Tahoe area. A total of 70 inches has been recorded atop the Mount Rose resort since Sunday, the National Weather Service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Thursday, the California Highway Patrol reopened a 50-mile stretch of U.S. Interstate 80 that was closed Wednesday night over Donner Pass west of Truckee. But chains or snow tires remained mandatory Thursday on all the Sierra passes stretching from south of Carson City to north of Reno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several schools in the Tahoe area canceled classes Thursday and others started late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 3 and 5 inches of snow was reported Wednesday night into Thursday in the Reno-Sparks area, where authorities were raising concerns about potential flooding into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather service issued a flash flood watch effective Saturday night through Monday morning throughout the region as another storm system moves in with warmer temperatures. As much as 4 inches of rain is forecast in Reno this weekend, with 6 to 12 inches in the Tahoe basin.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With the strong possibility of a big storm over the weekend and with flood watches in place from near the Oregon border down to Bakersfield, our thoughts turn to … history. More specifically, to some of the great accounts we’ve seen of disasters and near-disasters resulting from big winter storms. Here are three selections, ranging from William Brewer’s account of the historic rains and floods of 1861-62 to two more recent stories, from John McPhee and Marc Reisner, that touch on the impact of big winter storms in the 1970s and 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>William Brewer\u003c/strong> was field leader of the Whitney Survey, which traveled throughout California from 1860 through 1864 to document the state’s geological and other resources. Brewer’s letters and journal entries were collected and published in 1930 as “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=WJKazBEhw2EC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Up and Down California\u003c/a>.” From San Francisco in January 1862, Brewer recorded the big news of the day: a nearly nonstop deluge that came amid what still stands as the rainiest winter in much of California. Six weeks later, he visited Sacramento, which had suffered devastating damage in the flood.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2012/01/19/january-19-1862-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">January 19, 1862\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSan Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]‘T[/dropcap]he rains continue, and since I last wrote the floods have been far worse than before. Sacramento and many other towns and cities have again been overflowed, and after the waters had abated somewhat they are again up. That doomed city is in all probability again under water today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11255512\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 598px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11255512\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg\" alt=\"Sacramento during the winter of 1861-62, from contemporary newspaper illustrations. \" width=\"598\" height=\"402\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg 598w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 598px) 100vw, 598px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sacramento during the winter of 1861-62, from contemporary newspaper illustrations. \u003ccite>(U)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The amount of rain\u003c/strong> that has fallen is unprecedented in the history of the state. In this city accurate observations have been kept since July, 1853. For the years since, ending with July 1 each year, the amount of rain is known. In New York state—central New York—the average amount is under thirty-eight inches, often not over thirty-three inches, sometimes as low as twenty-eight inches. This includes the melted snow. In this city it has been for the eight years closing last July, 21 3/4 inches, the lowest amount 19 3/4 inches, the highest 23 3/4. Yet this year, since November 6, when the first shower came, to January 18, it is thirty-two and three-quarters inches and it is still raining! But this is not all. Generally twice, sometimes three times, as much falls in the mining districts on the slopes of the Sierra. This year at Sonora, in Tuolumne County, between November 11, 1861, and January 14, 1862, seventy-two inches (six feet) of water has fallen, and in numbers of places over five feet! And that in a period of two months. As much rain as falls in Ithaca in two years has fallen in some places in this state in two months.1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The great central valley\u003c/strong> of the state is under water—the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys—a region 250 to 300 miles long and an average of at least twenty miles wide, a district of five thousand or six thousand square miles, or probably three to three and a half millions of acres! Although much of it is not cultivated, yet a part of it is the garden of the state. Thousands of farms are entirely under water—cattle starving and drowning. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2012/03/07/march-7-1862-sacramento/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 7, 1862\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]‘E[/dropcap]arly in the morning I went to a hotel in Sacramento and got my breakfast and brushed up for business. That dispatched, I had some time to look at the city. Such a desolate scene I hope never to see again. Most of the city is still under water, and has been for three months. A part is out of the water, that is, the streets are above water, but every low place is full—cellars and yards are full, houses and walls wet, everything uncomfortable. Over much of the city boats are still the only means of getting about. No description that I can write will give you any adequate conception of the discomfort and wretchedness this must give rise to. I took a boat and two boys, and we rowed about for an hour or two. Houses, stores, stables, everything, were surrounded by water. Yards were ponds enclosed by dilapidated, muddy, slimy fences; household furniture, chairs, tables, sofas, the fragments of houses, were floating in the muddy waters or lodged in nooks and corners—I saw three sofas floating in different yards. The basements of the better class of houses were half full of water, and through the windows one could see chairs, tables, bedsteads, etc., afloat. Through the windows of a schoolhouse I saw the benches and desks afloat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It is with the poorer classes\u003c/strong> that this is the worst. Many of the one-story houses are entirely uninhabitable; others, where the floors are above the water are, at best, most wretched places in which to live. The new Capitol is far out in the water—the Governor’s house stands as in a lake—churches, public buildings, private buildings, everything, are wet or in the water. Not a road leading from the city is passable, business is at a dead standstill, everything looks forlorn and wretched. Many houses have partially toppled over; some have been carried from their foundations, several streets (now avenues of water) are blocked up with houses that have floated in them, dead animals lie about here and there—a dreadful picture. I don’t think the city will ever rise from the shock, I don’t see how it can. Yet it has a brighter side. No people can so stand calamity as this people. They are used to it. Everyone is familiar with the history of fortunes quickly made and as quickly lost. It seems here more than elsewhere the natural order of things. I might say, indeed, that the recklessness of the state blunts the keener feelings and takes the edge from this calamity.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Marc Reisner\u003c/strong> published “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=frvKDY0rpToC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cadillac Desert\u003c/a>,” his critical history of water policy in California and the West, in the 1980s. A revised edition came out in 1993, and it included an afterword in which Reisner related the awesome power of a series of big, wet Pacific storms that hit California in February 1986.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]‘I[/dropcap] had always had a mordant wish to watch a dam collapse, and this seemed like the best opportunity I might get in my life. I arrived at Oroville Dam just as the storm was beginning to break up. (It took me hours longer than usual to get there, because shallow lakes had formed across Interstate 680, creating instant new refuges for mallards and pintails.) In the previous week and a half, the Feather River watershed had unofficially recorded fifty-five inches of precipitation, most of it as rain, which melted several feet of snow lying on the ground. Tampa gets that much rain in an average year. The spillway at Oroville is a big concrete channel that loops around the right abutment of the immense earthen dam. It was dumping a hundred and fifty thousands cubic feet of water per second, a couple of rivers the size of the Tennessee. That much water in that confined space — the spillway is about as wide as a basketball court — is in a hurry-up mood. My guess is that it was moving thirty or forty miles per hour. Small trees and shrubs lining the spillway fence were bent double under the force of the vortex winds created by so much mass in a rush. A crow, sailing arrogantly a few feet overhead, suddenly executed some frantic maneuvers to avoid being sucked in himself; he too had never seen anything like this before. Where the spillway poured the river back into the river below the dam — it didn’t so much pour in as fly in — a dense plume of mist mushroomed eighty stories high, split by three arching rainbows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/RQpo3rAvntk\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A dam did actually burst\u003c/strong> during the flood, though I didn’t see it happen. It was a temporary cofferdam built at the prospective site of Auburn Dam, whose construction had been mired in lawsuits and debate for years. The cofferdam held back about a hundred thousand acre-feet of water–thirty-two billion gallons–that merged, almost instantaneously, with a river already swollen to ten times its normal size. The flood-on-a-flood headed into Folsom Lake, which sits twenty miles above Sacramento and has a capacity of about a million acre-feet. Folsom Dam would have to spill the whole reservoir, 320 billion gallons of water, in three or four days in order to absorb the mythic flood pouring in. If it did not, the dam itself would be jeopardized, and if Folsom ended up like Teton Dam [a structure in Idaho that failed catastrophically in 1976] then a lot of Sacramento would float under the Golden Gate Bridge. When I arrived, a whole crowd of disaster buffs was already there, held at bay by dozens of highway patrol. I managed to sneak briefly onto the dam crest anyway; it trembled as a bank might tremble during a hurricane. The spillway at Folsom, a concrete and rock dam, was built into its center; it’s really a man-made, two-hundred-foot waterfall. At the time, it was dumping much more water than Niagara Falls. You couldn’t have heard a jet taking off five hundred feet away; that’s the kind of noise a million pounds of water makes–a million pounds a \u003cem>second\u003c/em>–as it tumbles a couple of hundred feet and crashes into a canyon river bed. (If Folsom was going to be destroyed, it would probably be a consequence of the falling river chewing out the bedrock on which the dam was built.) The waterfall reversed direction about eighty yards downriver and rose up in a towering, backfalling hydraulic wave that raced back and crashed into the dam’s downstream face, as if it wanted a second chance to knock it to smithereens. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Department of Water Resources\u003c/strong> later estimated that ten million acre-feet of runoff–enough for the city of San Francisco for forty years–had poured out the Golden Gate in two weeks. The crew of a freighter miles out to sea that was plowing through huge wave off the Gate said the wash coming across the bow tasted almost like Evian.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the 1970s and ’80s, The New Yorker’s \u003cstrong>John McPhee\u003c/strong> wrote a long series of minutely researched and reported feature articles on humanity’s attempt to tame natural forces. The articles, collected and published in a single volume as “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=qQMFOctR7AoC&dq=the+control+of+nature&source=gbs_navlinks_s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Control of Nature\u003c/a>,” included “Los Angeles Against the Mountains.” His two-part L.A. installment focused on attempts to mitigate the effects of alternating fires and floods along the front of the San Gabriel Mountains — an area prone to both kinds of disasters. He opens the article with a 1978 episode involving Bob and Jackie Genofile, who lived with their teenage children, Scott and Kimberlee, on the slopes of the San Gabriels.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]‘T[/dropcap]he water was now spreading over the street. It descended in heavy sheets. As the young Genofiles and their mother glimpsed it in the all but total darkness, the scene was suddenly illuminated by a blue electrical flash. In the blue light they saw a massive blackness, moving. It was not a landslide, not a mudslide, not a rock avalanche; nor by any means was it the front of a conventional flood. In Jackie’s words, “It was just one big black thing coming at us, rolling, rolling with a lot of water in front of it, pushing the water, this big black thing. It was just one big black hill coming toward us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In geology,\u003c/strong> it would be known as a debris flow. Debris flows amass in stream valleys and more or less resemble fresh concrete. They consist of water mixed with a good deal of solid material, most of which is above sand size. Some of it is Chevrolet size. Boulders bigger than cars ride long distances in debris flows. Boulders grouped like fish eggs pour downhill in debris flows. The dark material coming toward the Genofiles was not only full of boulders; it was so full of automobiles it was like bread dough mixed with raisins. On its way down Pine Cone Road, it plucked up cars from driveways and the street. When it crashed into the Genofiles house, the shattering of safety glass made terrific explosive sounds. A door burst open. Mud and bould poured into the hall. We’re going to go, Jackie thought. Oh, my God, what a hell of a way for the four of us to die together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11255514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 514px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11255514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg\" alt=\"The Genofile home in Glendale, California, after debris flow.\" width=\"514\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg 514w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-375x259.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Genofile home in Glendale, California, after debris flow. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://www.cvhistory.org/meetings/oldmeetings/oct09meeting.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Historical Society of the Crescenta Valley\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The parents’ bedroom\u003c/strong> was on the far side of the house. Bob Genofile was in there kicking through white satin draperies at the panelled glass, smashing it to provide an outlet for water, when the three others ran in to join him. The walls of the house neither moved nor shook. As a general contractor, Bob had build dams, department stores, hospitals, six schools, seven churches and this house. It was made of concrete block with steel reinforcement, sixteen inches on center. His wife had said it was stronger than any dam in California. His crew had called it “the fort.” In those days, twenty years before, the Genofiles’ acre was close by the edge of the mountain brush, but a developer had come along since then and knocked down thousands of trees and put Pine Cone Road up the slope. Now Bob Genofile was thinking, I hope the roof holds. I hope the roof is strong enough to hold. Debris was flowing over it. He told Scott to shut the bedroom door. No sooner was the door closed than it was battered down and fell into the room. Mud, rock, water poured in. It pushed everybody against the far wall. “Jump on the bed,” Bob said. The bed began to rise. Kneeling on it–on a gold velvet spread–they could soon press their palms against the ceiling. The bed also moved toward the glass wall. The two teen-agers got off, to try to control the motion, and they were pinned between the bed’s brass railing and the wall. Boulders went up against the railing, pressed it into their legs, and held them fast. Bob dived into the muck to try to move the boulders, but he failed. The debris flow, entering through windows as well as doors, continued to rise. Escape was still possible for the parents but not for the children. The parents looked at each other and did not stir. Each reached for and held one of the children. Their mother felt suddenly resigned, sure that her son and daughter would die and she and her husband would quickly follow. The house became buried to the eaves. Boulders sat on the roof. Thirteen automobiles were packed around the building, including five in the pool. A din of rocks kept banging against them. The stuck horn of a buried car was blaring. The family in the darkness in their fixed tableau watched one another by the light of a directional signal, endlessly blinking. The house had filled up in six minutes, and the mud stopped rising near the children’s chins.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "From Sacramento in 1862 to Folsom Dam in 1986, memorable accounts of storms and floods and their impact.",
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"title": "The Power of Moving Water: Some Great Writing on California Storms | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the strong possibility of a big storm over the weekend and with flood watches in place from near the Oregon border down to Bakersfield, our thoughts turn to … history. More specifically, to some of the great accounts we’ve seen of disasters and near-disasters resulting from big winter storms. Here are three selections, ranging from William Brewer’s account of the historic rains and floods of 1861-62 to two more recent stories, from John McPhee and Marc Reisner, that touch on the impact of big winter storms in the 1970s and 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>William Brewer\u003c/strong> was field leader of the Whitney Survey, which traveled throughout California from 1860 through 1864 to document the state’s geological and other resources. Brewer’s letters and journal entries were collected and published in 1930 as “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=WJKazBEhw2EC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Up and Down California\u003c/a>.” From San Francisco in January 1862, Brewer recorded the big news of the day: a nearly nonstop deluge that came amid what still stands as the rainiest winter in much of California. Six weeks later, he visited Sacramento, which had suffered devastating damage in the flood.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2012/01/19/january-19-1862-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">January 19, 1862\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSan Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">‘T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he rains continue, and since I last wrote the floods have been far worse than before. Sacramento and many other towns and cities have again been overflowed, and after the waters had abated somewhat they are again up. That doomed city is in all probability again under water today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11255512\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 598px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11255512\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg\" alt=\"Sacramento during the winter of 1861-62, from contemporary newspaper illustrations. \" width=\"598\" height=\"402\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862.jpg 598w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/sacramento-1862-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 598px) 100vw, 598px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sacramento during the winter of 1861-62, from contemporary newspaper illustrations. \u003ccite>(U)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The amount of rain\u003c/strong> that has fallen is unprecedented in the history of the state. In this city accurate observations have been kept since July, 1853. For the years since, ending with July 1 each year, the amount of rain is known. In New York state—central New York—the average amount is under thirty-eight inches, often not over thirty-three inches, sometimes as low as twenty-eight inches. This includes the melted snow. In this city it has been for the eight years closing last July, 21 3/4 inches, the lowest amount 19 3/4 inches, the highest 23 3/4. Yet this year, since November 6, when the first shower came, to January 18, it is thirty-two and three-quarters inches and it is still raining! But this is not all. Generally twice, sometimes three times, as much falls in the mining districts on the slopes of the Sierra. This year at Sonora, in Tuolumne County, between November 11, 1861, and January 14, 1862, seventy-two inches (six feet) of water has fallen, and in numbers of places over five feet! And that in a period of two months. As much rain as falls in Ithaca in two years has fallen in some places in this state in two months.1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The great central valley\u003c/strong> of the state is under water—the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys—a region 250 to 300 miles long and an average of at least twenty miles wide, a district of five thousand or six thousand square miles, or probably three to three and a half millions of acres! Although much of it is not cultivated, yet a part of it is the garden of the state. Thousands of farms are entirely under water—cattle starving and drowning. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2012/03/07/march-7-1862-sacramento/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 7, 1862\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">‘E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>arly in the morning I went to a hotel in Sacramento and got my breakfast and brushed up for business. That dispatched, I had some time to look at the city. Such a desolate scene I hope never to see again. Most of the city is still under water, and has been for three months. A part is out of the water, that is, the streets are above water, but every low place is full—cellars and yards are full, houses and walls wet, everything uncomfortable. Over much of the city boats are still the only means of getting about. No description that I can write will give you any adequate conception of the discomfort and wretchedness this must give rise to. I took a boat and two boys, and we rowed about for an hour or two. Houses, stores, stables, everything, were surrounded by water. Yards were ponds enclosed by dilapidated, muddy, slimy fences; household furniture, chairs, tables, sofas, the fragments of houses, were floating in the muddy waters or lodged in nooks and corners—I saw three sofas floating in different yards. The basements of the better class of houses were half full of water, and through the windows one could see chairs, tables, bedsteads, etc., afloat. Through the windows of a schoolhouse I saw the benches and desks afloat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It is with the poorer classes\u003c/strong> that this is the worst. Many of the one-story houses are entirely uninhabitable; others, where the floors are above the water are, at best, most wretched places in which to live. The new Capitol is far out in the water—the Governor’s house stands as in a lake—churches, public buildings, private buildings, everything, are wet or in the water. Not a road leading from the city is passable, business is at a dead standstill, everything looks forlorn and wretched. Many houses have partially toppled over; some have been carried from their foundations, several streets (now avenues of water) are blocked up with houses that have floated in them, dead animals lie about here and there—a dreadful picture. I don’t think the city will ever rise from the shock, I don’t see how it can. Yet it has a brighter side. No people can so stand calamity as this people. They are used to it. Everyone is familiar with the history of fortunes quickly made and as quickly lost. It seems here more than elsewhere the natural order of things. I might say, indeed, that the recklessness of the state blunts the keener feelings and takes the edge from this calamity.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Marc Reisner\u003c/strong> published “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=frvKDY0rpToC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cadillac Desert\u003c/a>,” his critical history of water policy in California and the West, in the 1980s. A revised edition came out in 1993, and it included an afterword in which Reisner related the awesome power of a series of big, wet Pacific storms that hit California in February 1986.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">‘I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> had always had a mordant wish to watch a dam collapse, and this seemed like the best opportunity I might get in my life. I arrived at Oroville Dam just as the storm was beginning to break up. (It took me hours longer than usual to get there, because shallow lakes had formed across Interstate 680, creating instant new refuges for mallards and pintails.) In the previous week and a half, the Feather River watershed had unofficially recorded fifty-five inches of precipitation, most of it as rain, which melted several feet of snow lying on the ground. Tampa gets that much rain in an average year. The spillway at Oroville is a big concrete channel that loops around the right abutment of the immense earthen dam. It was dumping a hundred and fifty thousands cubic feet of water per second, a couple of rivers the size of the Tennessee. That much water in that confined space — the spillway is about as wide as a basketball court — is in a hurry-up mood. My guess is that it was moving thirty or forty miles per hour. Small trees and shrubs lining the spillway fence were bent double under the force of the vortex winds created by so much mass in a rush. A crow, sailing arrogantly a few feet overhead, suddenly executed some frantic maneuvers to avoid being sucked in himself; he too had never seen anything like this before. Where the spillway poured the river back into the river below the dam — it didn’t so much pour in as fly in — a dense plume of mist mushroomed eighty stories high, split by three arching rainbows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/RQpo3rAvntk\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A dam did actually burst\u003c/strong> during the flood, though I didn’t see it happen. It was a temporary cofferdam built at the prospective site of Auburn Dam, whose construction had been mired in lawsuits and debate for years. The cofferdam held back about a hundred thousand acre-feet of water–thirty-two billion gallons–that merged, almost instantaneously, with a river already swollen to ten times its normal size. The flood-on-a-flood headed into Folsom Lake, which sits twenty miles above Sacramento and has a capacity of about a million acre-feet. Folsom Dam would have to spill the whole reservoir, 320 billion gallons of water, in three or four days in order to absorb the mythic flood pouring in. If it did not, the dam itself would be jeopardized, and if Folsom ended up like Teton Dam [a structure in Idaho that failed catastrophically in 1976] then a lot of Sacramento would float under the Golden Gate Bridge. When I arrived, a whole crowd of disaster buffs was already there, held at bay by dozens of highway patrol. I managed to sneak briefly onto the dam crest anyway; it trembled as a bank might tremble during a hurricane. The spillway at Folsom, a concrete and rock dam, was built into its center; it’s really a man-made, two-hundred-foot waterfall. At the time, it was dumping much more water than Niagara Falls. You couldn’t have heard a jet taking off five hundred feet away; that’s the kind of noise a million pounds of water makes–a million pounds a \u003cem>second\u003c/em>–as it tumbles a couple of hundred feet and crashes into a canyon river bed. (If Folsom was going to be destroyed, it would probably be a consequence of the falling river chewing out the bedrock on which the dam was built.) The waterfall reversed direction about eighty yards downriver and rose up in a towering, backfalling hydraulic wave that raced back and crashed into the dam’s downstream face, as if it wanted a second chance to knock it to smithereens. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Department of Water Resources\u003c/strong> later estimated that ten million acre-feet of runoff–enough for the city of San Francisco for forty years–had poured out the Golden Gate in two weeks. The crew of a freighter miles out to sea that was plowing through huge wave off the Gate said the wash coming across the bow tasted almost like Evian.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the 1970s and ’80s, The New Yorker’s \u003cstrong>John McPhee\u003c/strong> wrote a long series of minutely researched and reported feature articles on humanity’s attempt to tame natural forces. The articles, collected and published in a single volume as “\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=qQMFOctR7AoC&dq=the+control+of+nature&source=gbs_navlinks_s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Control of Nature\u003c/a>,” included “Los Angeles Against the Mountains.” His two-part L.A. installment focused on attempts to mitigate the effects of alternating fires and floods along the front of the San Gabriel Mountains — an area prone to both kinds of disasters. He opens the article with a 1978 episode involving Bob and Jackie Genofile, who lived with their teenage children, Scott and Kimberlee, on the slopes of the San Gabriels.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">‘T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he water was now spreading over the street. It descended in heavy sheets. As the young Genofiles and their mother glimpsed it in the all but total darkness, the scene was suddenly illuminated by a blue electrical flash. In the blue light they saw a massive blackness, moving. It was not a landslide, not a mudslide, not a rock avalanche; nor by any means was it the front of a conventional flood. In Jackie’s words, “It was just one big black thing coming at us, rolling, rolling with a lot of water in front of it, pushing the water, this big black thing. It was just one big black hill coming toward us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In geology,\u003c/strong> it would be known as a debris flow. Debris flows amass in stream valleys and more or less resemble fresh concrete. They consist of water mixed with a good deal of solid material, most of which is above sand size. Some of it is Chevrolet size. Boulders bigger than cars ride long distances in debris flows. Boulders grouped like fish eggs pour downhill in debris flows. The dark material coming toward the Genofiles was not only full of boulders; it was so full of automobiles it was like bread dough mixed with raisins. On its way down Pine Cone Road, it plucked up cars from driveways and the street. When it crashed into the Genofiles house, the shattering of safety glass made terrific explosive sounds. A door burst open. Mud and bould poured into the hall. We’re going to go, Jackie thought. Oh, my God, what a hell of a way for the four of us to die together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11255514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 514px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11255514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg\" alt=\"The Genofile home in Glendale, California, after debris flow.\" width=\"514\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978.jpg 514w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/genofile1978-375x259.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Genofile home in Glendale, California, after debris flow. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://www.cvhistory.org/meetings/oldmeetings/oct09meeting.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Historical Society of the Crescenta Valley\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The parents’ bedroom\u003c/strong> was on the far side of the house. Bob Genofile was in there kicking through white satin draperies at the panelled glass, smashing it to provide an outlet for water, when the three others ran in to join him. The walls of the house neither moved nor shook. As a general contractor, Bob had build dams, department stores, hospitals, six schools, seven churches and this house. It was made of concrete block with steel reinforcement, sixteen inches on center. His wife had said it was stronger than any dam in California. His crew had called it “the fort.” In those days, twenty years before, the Genofiles’ acre was close by the edge of the mountain brush, but a developer had come along since then and knocked down thousands of trees and put Pine Cone Road up the slope. Now Bob Genofile was thinking, I hope the roof holds. I hope the roof is strong enough to hold. Debris was flowing over it. He told Scott to shut the bedroom door. No sooner was the door closed than it was battered down and fell into the room. Mud, rock, water poured in. It pushed everybody against the far wall. “Jump on the bed,” Bob said. The bed began to rise. Kneeling on it–on a gold velvet spread–they could soon press their palms against the ceiling. The bed also moved toward the glass wall. The two teen-agers got off, to try to control the motion, and they were pinned between the bed’s brass railing and the wall. Boulders went up against the railing, pressed it into their legs, and held them fast. Bob dived into the muck to try to move the boulders, but he failed. The debris flow, entering through windows as well as doors, continued to rise. Escape was still possible for the parents but not for the children. The parents looked at each other and did not stir. Each reached for and held one of the children. Their mother felt suddenly resigned, sure that her son and daughter would die and she and her husband would quickly follow. The house became buried to the eaves. Boulders sat on the roof. Thirteen automobiles were packed around the building, including five in the pool. A din of rocks kept banging against them. The stuck horn of a buried car was blaring. The family in the darkness in their fixed tableau watched one another by the light of a directional signal, endlessly blinking. The house had filled up in six minutes, and the mud stopped rising near the children’s chins.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Dakota Pipeline Protesters, Nearby Residents Brace for 2017",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Even though most of the protesters fighting the Dakota Access Pipeline in North Dakota have left, hundreds still remain here atop what is essentially a sheet of ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of campers say there's a change taking hold at camp, which was once overrun by thousands who felt a sense of excitement about the gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Byron Shorty, who lives on the Navajo reservation in Arizona, says now that the Army Corps of Engineers is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/04/504354503/army-corps-denies-easement-for-dakota-access-pipeline-says-tribal-organization\" target=\"_blank\">temporarily halting pipeline construction\u003c/a>, the protest camp is calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be here to reflect, and I want to be here to help clean up our abandoned campsites that I still see,\" he says. \"And we're in the process of cleaning those up and repurposing the things that people left behind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/506714991/508151264\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others, like Jacob Chamberlain, who came here from Scotland, are doing daily chores like chopping firewood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not about taking selfies and saying that you were out here anymore. At this point, it's about being hearty, surviving in the cold,\" Chamberlain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the Army Corps said it would conduct a lengthy environmental review of this project, even as a fossil fuel-friendly administration is coming to Washington. Standing Rock council member Chad Harrison attended a recent meeting between tribes and the Trump transition team and was pleased that could even happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My hope is that that's an indicator of how serious he'll be when it comes to Native American issues,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Doug Burgum, North Dakota's new governor, is urging President-elect Donald Trump to approve the project. He's doing that even as he recently met with Standing Rock leaders in an effort to rebuild frayed relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11253833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11253833 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-800x517.jpg\" alt=\"Jacob Chamberlain, 22, of Scotland chops firewood to use in fireplaces installed inside camp shelters. He plans to stay in North Dakota until the pipeline project is defeated.\" width=\"800\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-800x517.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-1020x659.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-1180x763.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-960x621.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-375x242.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-520x336.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jacob Chamberlain, 22, of Scotland, chops firewood to use in fireplaces installed inside camp shelters. He plans to stay in North Dakota until the pipeline project is defeated. \u003ccite>(Amy Sisk/Inside Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A community divided\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demonstrations have caused gridlock, disrupted businesses and severely stretched police resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really kind of makes me sad when I see the picture that is being painted across the nation, this narrative that it's this bad cop thing happening. And that's not here in North Dakota. Not at all.\" says Shelle Aberle of Bismarck, North Dakota, who runs a Facebook page supporting law enforcement. \"Our law enforcement are there to protect both sides.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other residents back the pipeline opponents. The Unitarian Universalist congregation has supplied food to camp and shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Vxhu9xvmbQJKC7vBDrCG8fKlkd49qrFV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this protest, both sides often seemed to speak right past each other. Minister Karen Van Fossan says that should be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We aren't often talking about the things that are on our minds, and now we really are,\" Van Fossan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kay LaCoe hopes that's true. The Bismarck resident recently called on residents to support businesses targeted by protesters. But soon after, hateful messages flooded her Facebook. She even received death threats, and just wants a final decision on the pipeline to end all this tension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whatever the government and the tribe and the energy companies decide to do with that pipeline, I'm good with it. Just give me my hometown back,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legal battle over the pipeline will likely continue to play out in 2017 as North Dakotans grapple both with the protesters and the fallout from their continued presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Amy Sisk reports for Prairie Public Broadcasting and for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://insideenergy.org/\">Inside Energy\u003c/a>,\u003cem> a public media collaboration focused on America's energy issues. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 Prairie Public Broadcasting. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.prairiepublic.org/radio/\">Prairie Public Broadcasting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "While some protesters are staying in North Dakota to fight the Dakota Access Pipeline, residents feel mixed about their new neighbors.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even though most of the protesters fighting the Dakota Access Pipeline in North Dakota have left, hundreds still remain here atop what is essentially a sheet of ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group of campers say there's a change taking hold at camp, which was once overrun by thousands who felt a sense of excitement about the gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Byron Shorty, who lives on the Navajo reservation in Arizona, says now that the Army Corps of Engineers is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/04/504354503/army-corps-denies-easement-for-dakota-access-pipeline-says-tribal-organization\" target=\"_blank\">temporarily halting pipeline construction\u003c/a>, the protest camp is calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be here to reflect, and I want to be here to help clean up our abandoned campsites that I still see,\" he says. \"And we're in the process of cleaning those up and repurposing the things that people left behind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/506714991/508151264\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others, like Jacob Chamberlain, who came here from Scotland, are doing daily chores like chopping firewood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not about taking selfies and saying that you were out here anymore. At this point, it's about being hearty, surviving in the cold,\" Chamberlain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the Army Corps said it would conduct a lengthy environmental review of this project, even as a fossil fuel-friendly administration is coming to Washington. Standing Rock council member Chad Harrison attended a recent meeting between tribes and the Trump transition team and was pleased that could even happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My hope is that that's an indicator of how serious he'll be when it comes to Native American issues,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Doug Burgum, North Dakota's new governor, is urging President-elect Donald Trump to approve the project. He's doing that even as he recently met with Standing Rock leaders in an effort to rebuild frayed relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11253833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11253833 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-800x517.jpg\" alt=\"Jacob Chamberlain, 22, of Scotland chops firewood to use in fireplaces installed inside camp shelters. He plans to stay in North Dakota until the pipeline project is defeated.\" width=\"800\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-800x517.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-1020x659.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-1180x763.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-960x621.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-375x242.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/WoodChopping-520x336.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jacob Chamberlain, 22, of Scotland, chops firewood to use in fireplaces installed inside camp shelters. He plans to stay in North Dakota until the pipeline project is defeated. \u003ccite>(Amy Sisk/Inside Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A community divided\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demonstrations have caused gridlock, disrupted businesses and severely stretched police resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really kind of makes me sad when I see the picture that is being painted across the nation, this narrative that it's this bad cop thing happening. And that's not here in North Dakota. Not at all.\" says Shelle Aberle of Bismarck, North Dakota, who runs a Facebook page supporting law enforcement. \"Our law enforcement are there to protect both sides.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other residents back the pipeline opponents. The Unitarian Universalist congregation has supplied food to camp and shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this protest, both sides often seemed to speak right past each other. Minister Karen Van Fossan says that should be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We aren't often talking about the things that are on our minds, and now we really are,\" Van Fossan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kay LaCoe hopes that's true. The Bismarck resident recently called on residents to support businesses targeted by protesters. But soon after, hateful messages flooded her Facebook. She even received death threats, and just wants a final decision on the pipeline to end all this tension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whatever the government and the tribe and the energy companies decide to do with that pipeline, I'm good with it. Just give me my hometown back,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legal battle over the pipeline will likely continue to play out in 2017 as North Dakotans grapple both with the protesters and the fallout from their continued presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Amy Sisk reports for Prairie Public Broadcasting and for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://insideenergy.org/\">Inside Energy\u003c/a>,\u003cem> a public media collaboration focused on America's energy issues. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 Prairie Public Broadcasting. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.prairiepublic.org/radio/\">Prairie Public Broadcasting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Crab Boats Tied Up as Strike Extends Up and Down West Coast",
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"content": "\u003cp>SEATTLE — Dungeness crab could be harder to come by if hundreds of fishing boats remain tied up at docks from California to Washington state by a dispute between crabbers and seafood processors over the price of the sought-after crustaceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crab fleets that have been fishing in parts of Oregon and near San Francisco are now anchored, and other vessels in Washington state and Northern California have opted not to go out as their season gears up, said John Corbin, a commercial crab fisherman in Warrenton, Oregon, and chairman of the Oregon Dungeness Crab Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have about 1,200 boats that are tied up and are willing to stay tied up until processors bring the price back to $3 (a pound)\" from the latest offer of $2.75, Corbin said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco, crab pots remained stacked up along the docks during what typically would be a busy season. From Half Moon Bay to Westport, Washington, crabbers said they would stay put.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larry Andre, a commercial crab fisherman in Half Moon Bay who had been fishing since November, said he supports the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're tying up because they've asked us — other ports — to support them,\" Andre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't sound like much, but a quarter drop in price is a lot when thousands of pounds of crab are involved, he said, adding that the situation is a lot harder on those who have not yet started crabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commercial Dungeness crab season along the West Coast opened in waves this year, and crabbers had been getting $3 a pound, said Corbin and other fishermen. In some parts of Washington, Oregon and California, crabbing was delayed as state officials tested for domoic acid to ensure crabs were safe to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11253568\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11253568\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A cook at Nick's Lighthouse in San Francisco prepares Dungeness crab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cook at Nick's Lighthouse in San Francisco prepares Dungeness crab. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just before Christmas, Pacific Choice Seafood in Eureka dropped the price to $2.75 a pound to local fishermen, said Ken Bates, vice president of the Humboldt Fishermen's Marketing Association. Dungeness prices could go lower in following seasons if that lower price holds, he worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When Pacific Group decided in Humboldt County to reduce the price, they figured that this place would fold,\" Bates said. \"It didn't. Fishermen didn't go fishing for that price.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Occhipinti, general counsel for Oregon-based Pacific Seafood, which owns Pacific Choice, said in an emailed statement Wednesday buyers and sellers each have to decide what they think the market will support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It can be challenging to find the right balance, but we're confident that at the end of the day, consumers will get wholesome, sustainably harvested Dungeness crab at a price they can afford,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strikes have happened before as Dungeness crab fishermen and seafood processors haggle over the opening price of the sweet crustacean. It remains unclear what impact it will have on supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tribal fleets in Washington state continue to crab, and crabbing is happening in Puget Sound as well. So there is some crab on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's going to be some fresh crab in Washington state, but not big volumes like what you'll see when the whole coast opens up,\" Corbin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Currie, a crab fisherman based out of Westport, Washington, said he's watching to see what others do when the crabbing season north of Long Beach kicks off Wednesday. Fishermen will be allowed to set gear ahead of a Jan. 7 start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If everybody stays, I'll stay. I'm not going to be going out,\" Currie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said a $2.75 per pound price seems reasonable, though $3 would be better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Shirley, who buys crab wholesale from fishermen at facilities in Oregon and Washington, said \"until this dispute is resolved, we're standing united with the whole process and not buying any kind of crab.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This doesn't just affect one side, it affects everybody,\" said Shirley, who co-owns Garibaldi Landing Fishermen and Ilwaco Landing Fishermen, which offers commercial seafood offloading, processing and other services. About 20 employees are at home as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we get this settled, and everybody can get back to work,\" Corbin said. \"It will definitely put a pinch on supply eventually, but we hope it doesn't go on forever here. It's getting to be a matter of principle at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SEATTLE — Dungeness crab could be harder to come by if hundreds of fishing boats remain tied up at docks from California to Washington state by a dispute between crabbers and seafood processors over the price of the sought-after crustaceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crab fleets that have been fishing in parts of Oregon and near San Francisco are now anchored, and other vessels in Washington state and Northern California have opted not to go out as their season gears up, said John Corbin, a commercial crab fisherman in Warrenton, Oregon, and chairman of the Oregon Dungeness Crab Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have about 1,200 boats that are tied up and are willing to stay tied up until processors bring the price back to $3 (a pound)\" from the latest offer of $2.75, Corbin said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco, crab pots remained stacked up along the docks during what typically would be a busy season. From Half Moon Bay to Westport, Washington, crabbers said they would stay put.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larry Andre, a commercial crab fisherman in Half Moon Bay who had been fishing since November, said he supports the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're tying up because they've asked us — other ports — to support them,\" Andre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't sound like much, but a quarter drop in price is a lot when thousands of pounds of crab are involved, he said, adding that the situation is a lot harder on those who have not yet started crabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commercial Dungeness crab season along the West Coast opened in waves this year, and crabbers had been getting $3 a pound, said Corbin and other fishermen. In some parts of Washington, Oregon and California, crabbing was delayed as state officials tested for domoic acid to ensure crabs were safe to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11253568\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11253568\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A cook at Nick's Lighthouse in San Francisco prepares Dungeness crab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CrabCookin-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cook at Nick's Lighthouse in San Francisco prepares Dungeness crab. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just before Christmas, Pacific Choice Seafood in Eureka dropped the price to $2.75 a pound to local fishermen, said Ken Bates, vice president of the Humboldt Fishermen's Marketing Association. Dungeness prices could go lower in following seasons if that lower price holds, he worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When Pacific Group decided in Humboldt County to reduce the price, they figured that this place would fold,\" Bates said. \"It didn't. Fishermen didn't go fishing for that price.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Occhipinti, general counsel for Oregon-based Pacific Seafood, which owns Pacific Choice, said in an emailed statement Wednesday buyers and sellers each have to decide what they think the market will support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It can be challenging to find the right balance, but we're confident that at the end of the day, consumers will get wholesome, sustainably harvested Dungeness crab at a price they can afford,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strikes have happened before as Dungeness crab fishermen and seafood processors haggle over the opening price of the sweet crustacean. It remains unclear what impact it will have on supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tribal fleets in Washington state continue to crab, and crabbing is happening in Puget Sound as well. So there is some crab on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's going to be some fresh crab in Washington state, but not big volumes like what you'll see when the whole coast opens up,\" Corbin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Currie, a crab fisherman based out of Westport, Washington, said he's watching to see what others do when the crabbing season north of Long Beach kicks off Wednesday. Fishermen will be allowed to set gear ahead of a Jan. 7 start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If everybody stays, I'll stay. I'm not going to be going out,\" Currie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said a $2.75 per pound price seems reasonable, though $3 would be better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Shirley, who buys crab wholesale from fishermen at facilities in Oregon and Washington, said \"until this dispute is resolved, we're standing united with the whole process and not buying any kind of crab.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This doesn't just affect one side, it affects everybody,\" said Shirley, who co-owns Garibaldi Landing Fishermen and Ilwaco Landing Fishermen, which offers commercial seafood offloading, processing and other services. About 20 employees are at home as a result, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we get this settled, and everybody can get back to work,\" Corbin said. \"It will definitely put a pinch on supply eventually, but we hope it doesn't go on forever here. It's getting to be a matter of principle at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Stormy Beginning to 2017, With Weekend Deluge in the Offing",
"title": "A Stormy Beginning to 2017, With Weekend Deluge in the Offing",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 11 a.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong> A deluge in the lowlands, a blizzard in the Sierra Nevada. That's the quick summary of our Tuesday-early Wednesday storm, which has largely eased in the Bay Area and coastal uplands and continues its road-closing onslaught in the high country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quick precipitation summary: For the 24 hours ending at 10 a.m. Wednesday, parts of the Santa Cruz Mountains got nearly 7 inches of rain. Ben Lomond, typically one of the wettest locations, got 6.89 inches. Further south, in the Santa Lucia range above Big Sur, Chalk Peak got 11.33 inches during the same time frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the actual nine-county Bay Area, notable totals, in inches, for the past 24 hours include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pescadero (San Mateo coast): 5.75\u003cbr>\nVenado (Sonoma County): 5.68\u003cbr>\nMount Tamalpais: 3.10\u003cbr>\nSt. Mary's College (Moraga): 2.44\u003cbr>\nVollmer Peak (Berkeley Hills): 2.35\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa: 2.12\u003cbr>\nLos Gatos: 1.64\u003cbr>\nRedwood City: 1.56\u003cbr>\nRichmond: 1.22\u003cbr>\nOakland: 1.02\u003cbr>\nDowntown San Francisco: .84\u003cbr>\nSan Jose International Airport: .25\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big ski resorts near Donner Pass, Echo Summit and Lake Tahoe reported 3 to 5 feet of snow -- an accumulation dating back to Sunday. Heavy snow Wednesday caused brief closures of both Interstate 80 and U.S. 50. And continuing heavy snow -- as much as 3 inches per hour in some areas -- led the U.S. Forest Service to issue an \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=sto&wwa=avalanche%20warning\">avalanche warning\u003c/a> for back-country areas from Yuba Pass in the northern Sierra down to Ebbetts Pass, south of Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mostly dry weather -- though cool and overcast -- is expected at least through late Friday. Forecasters are warning that weekend storm has the potential to be much wetter, bringing a foot or more of rain to coastal mountains and the Sierra foothills and 3 to 6 inches to the central Bay Area. A lot more snow -- several feet at the higher elevations -- is expected in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (5:53 p.m. Tuesday): \u003c/strong>The rainy season of 2016-17 has finished its first act -- a fall and early winter marked by heavier-than-normal precipitation across the Bay Area and the rest of Northern California -- and is storming into what's starting out as a turbulent Act Two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A weather system that crept into the Bay Area late Monday brought steady rain to much of the Bay Area throughout the day Tuesday, with the heaviest rain expected later Tuesday night. The storm prompted the National Weather Service to issue\u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=flood%20advisory\" target=\"_blank\"> an advisory\u003c/a> for street, highway and small street flooding throughout the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wettest spots through 5 p.m. Tuesday were Kentfield and Mount Tamalpais in Marin County -- with 2.29 and 2.21 inches respectively -- and the Santa Cruz Mountains community of Ben Lomond, with 2.25 inches. Bayside totals included .61 of an inch at San Francisco International Airport, .52 in Oakland, .35 in downtown San Francisco and .09 at San Jose International.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rain totals could top 4 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountains and 6 inches in the area burned by last summer's \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4888/\" target=\"_blank\">Soberanes Fire\u003c/a>, inland from Big Sur. The expected deluge prompted \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=flash%20flood%20watch\" target=\"_blank\">flash flood watches\u003c/a> in the Santa Cruz Mountains through Wednesday morning and in the Soberanes burn area through Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm, fed by moist air from the subtropical Pacific, also brought very heavy snow and high winds to the Sierra Nevada and triggered a series of \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=winter%20storm%20warning\" target=\"_blank\">winter storm warnings\u003c/a>. Forecasters say more than 3 feet of snow could fall by Thursday morning at Donner Pass on Interstate 80 and Echo Summit on U.S. 50, the main routes to Lake Tahoe and Sierra ski resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current storm should pass by late Wednesday, opening the way for cold, dry weather on Thursday and Friday. That respite will end Saturday, when a second, much more potent storm is expected to arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Garcia, the warning coordination meteorologist for the Bay Area National Weather Service office in Monterey, said that storm could bring 5 to 7 inches of rain over the weekend to coastal and valley locations near San Francisco Bay and 15 to 17 inches to ridges and mountains north of the Golden Gate, to parts of the Santa Cruz Mountains and into the mountains above Big Sur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming on the heels of the current storm, the weekend deluge raises the possibility of flooding at many locations in the region, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're saturating the ground with this system right now,\" he said. \"We're not going to have a lot of time to dry out before the storm arrives this weekend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Areas that saw rapid stream rises during heavy rains in December -- including \u003ca href=\"http://www.rossvalleyfire.org/services/creek-levels-weather\" target=\"_blank\">Corte Madera, San Anselmo and Fairfax creeks\u003c/a> in Marin County; the Napa River at St. Helena and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=APCC1\" target=\"_blank\">north end\u003c/a> of the city of Napa; and \u003ca href=\"https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=11159200\" target=\"_blank\">Corralitos\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=11160000\" target=\"_blank\">Soquel\u003c/a> creeks near Santa Cruz -- could see the possibility of high water again over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Storm is bringing a good soaking to most of the Bay Area and huge amounts of snow to the Sierra. A system arriving Saturday is expected to bring heavier rain and threat of flooding. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 11 a.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong> A deluge in the lowlands, a blizzard in the Sierra Nevada. That's the quick summary of our Tuesday-early Wednesday storm, which has largely eased in the Bay Area and coastal uplands and continues its road-closing onslaught in the high country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quick precipitation summary: For the 24 hours ending at 10 a.m. Wednesday, parts of the Santa Cruz Mountains got nearly 7 inches of rain. Ben Lomond, typically one of the wettest locations, got 6.89 inches. Further south, in the Santa Lucia range above Big Sur, Chalk Peak got 11.33 inches during the same time frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the actual nine-county Bay Area, notable totals, in inches, for the past 24 hours include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pescadero (San Mateo coast): 5.75\u003cbr>\nVenado (Sonoma County): 5.68\u003cbr>\nMount Tamalpais: 3.10\u003cbr>\nSt. Mary's College (Moraga): 2.44\u003cbr>\nVollmer Peak (Berkeley Hills): 2.35\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa: 2.12\u003cbr>\nLos Gatos: 1.64\u003cbr>\nRedwood City: 1.56\u003cbr>\nRichmond: 1.22\u003cbr>\nOakland: 1.02\u003cbr>\nDowntown San Francisco: .84\u003cbr>\nSan Jose International Airport: .25\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big ski resorts near Donner Pass, Echo Summit and Lake Tahoe reported 3 to 5 feet of snow -- an accumulation dating back to Sunday. Heavy snow Wednesday caused brief closures of both Interstate 80 and U.S. 50. And continuing heavy snow -- as much as 3 inches per hour in some areas -- led the U.S. Forest Service to issue an \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=sto&wwa=avalanche%20warning\">avalanche warning\u003c/a> for back-country areas from Yuba Pass in the northern Sierra down to Ebbetts Pass, south of Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mostly dry weather -- though cool and overcast -- is expected at least through late Friday. Forecasters are warning that weekend storm has the potential to be much wetter, bringing a foot or more of rain to coastal mountains and the Sierra foothills and 3 to 6 inches to the central Bay Area. A lot more snow -- several feet at the higher elevations -- is expected in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (5:53 p.m. Tuesday): \u003c/strong>The rainy season of 2016-17 has finished its first act -- a fall and early winter marked by heavier-than-normal precipitation across the Bay Area and the rest of Northern California -- and is storming into what's starting out as a turbulent Act Two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A weather system that crept into the Bay Area late Monday brought steady rain to much of the Bay Area throughout the day Tuesday, with the heaviest rain expected later Tuesday night. The storm prompted the National Weather Service to issue\u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=flood%20advisory\" target=\"_blank\"> an advisory\u003c/a> for street, highway and small street flooding throughout the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wettest spots through 5 p.m. Tuesday were Kentfield and Mount Tamalpais in Marin County -- with 2.29 and 2.21 inches respectively -- and the Santa Cruz Mountains community of Ben Lomond, with 2.25 inches. Bayside totals included .61 of an inch at San Francisco International Airport, .52 in Oakland, .35 in downtown San Francisco and .09 at San Jose International.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rain totals could top 4 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountains and 6 inches in the area burned by last summer's \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4888/\" target=\"_blank\">Soberanes Fire\u003c/a>, inland from Big Sur. The expected deluge prompted \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=flash%20flood%20watch\" target=\"_blank\">flash flood watches\u003c/a> in the Santa Cruz Mountains through Wednesday morning and in the Soberanes burn area through Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm, fed by moist air from the subtropical Pacific, also brought very heavy snow and high winds to the Sierra Nevada and triggered a series of \u003ca href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=mtr&wwa=winter%20storm%20warning\" target=\"_blank\">winter storm warnings\u003c/a>. Forecasters say more than 3 feet of snow could fall by Thursday morning at Donner Pass on Interstate 80 and Echo Summit on U.S. 50, the main routes to Lake Tahoe and Sierra ski resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current storm should pass by late Wednesday, opening the way for cold, dry weather on Thursday and Friday. That respite will end Saturday, when a second, much more potent storm is expected to arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Garcia, the warning coordination meteorologist for the Bay Area National Weather Service office in Monterey, said that storm could bring 5 to 7 inches of rain over the weekend to coastal and valley locations near San Francisco Bay and 15 to 17 inches to ridges and mountains north of the Golden Gate, to parts of the Santa Cruz Mountains and into the mountains above Big Sur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming on the heels of the current storm, the weekend deluge raises the possibility of flooding at many locations in the region, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're saturating the ground with this system right now,\" he said. \"We're not going to have a lot of time to dry out before the storm arrives this weekend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Areas that saw rapid stream rises during heavy rains in December -- including \u003ca href=\"http://www.rossvalleyfire.org/services/creek-levels-weather\" target=\"_blank\">Corte Madera, San Anselmo and Fairfax creeks\u003c/a> in Marin County; the Napa River at St. Helena and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/graphicalRVF.php?id=APCC1\" target=\"_blank\">north end\u003c/a> of the city of Napa; and \u003ca href=\"https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=11159200\" target=\"_blank\">Corralitos\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=11160000\" target=\"_blank\">Soquel\u003c/a> creeks near Santa Cruz -- could see the possibility of high water again over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sierra Snowpack Below Average -- But Big Storms Are Helping",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10:20 a.m. Wednesday: \u003c/strong> How quickly can the Sierra Nevada snowpack pick up more water?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, state snow surveyors reported that one location above Lake Tahoe contained just 53 percent the average water content for early January. The statewide report on snow water content was a little better -- 67 percent of the average for the date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wednesday, after a nonstop snow dump up and down the Sierra and other ranges in Northern California, the \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">statewide average\u003c/a> was up to 84 percent. What that looks like on the ground: The big ski resorts near Lake Tahoe have picked up 3 to 5 feet of snow since Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With snow continuing in the mountains and a series of wet storms expected over the next week, it's likely that the snowpack will be above average in just a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's include the usual California wet-season caveat: It's early yet, with months to go in our wet season. But for today, we've got what looks like good news for the state's water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (Tuesday, Jan. 3):\u003c/strong> State water officials conducted their first direct eyeball assessment of the Sierra Nevada snowpack on Tuesday -- and what they found might be a little counterintuitive if you've been watching rain gauges just about anywhere in California's lower elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a familiar ritual, Department of Water Resources surveyors visited a measuring site at Phillips Station, about 6,800 feet above sea level and just off U.S. 50 near Lake Tahoe. They found that the snow at the site contained just 53 percent of the average water content for early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure is actually lower than the department's electronically measured levels of the snowpack's water content. On Tuesday, those numbers ranged from 68 percent of average for the northern mountains (from the Trinity River watershed down to the Truckee River) to 73 percent for the southern end of the Sierra. The statewide snowpack is at 70 percent overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The snowpack is closely watched because it stores about one-third of the water that falls on the state and influences everything from farm and city water supplies to electricity generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year's below-average snowpack numbers are occurring in the midst of a much wetter than normal early rainy season for the state as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DWR's index of precipitation for the northern Sierra -- recorded at eight different stations from Mount Shasta to the American River hamlet of Pacific House -- stands at 164 percent of average for the date. The indexes for the two mountain regions to the south stand at 130 and 117 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-Nevada River Forecast Center, too, shows coastal locations from San Diego County clear up to the Oregon state line with rainfall totals ranging from about 120 to 200 percent of average and even higher in a few locations. The only exception to the generally high rain totals has been in the Salinas Valley and the Diablo Range, which runs between the northern Salinas Valley and the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy early-season rain has helped the state's big reservoirs rebound to levels close to or well above their average levels for early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But all that water has arrived in a series of warm storms that have dropped their moisture as rain except at the highest elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a pattern that's being broken, at least for the time being. Today's snow survey took place amid a series of storms that could drop as much as 10 feet of snow on parts of the Sierra by this time next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Gehrke, chief of the California Cooperative Snow Surveys Program, reminded reporters at Phillips Station on Tuesday that as recently as last week, the ground there was mostly bare. He also recalled recent drought years in which the site remained snowless nearly all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably the most encouraging thing is, unlike many years when we stood up here in January, it looks like we've got a series of wet, cold storms stretching out for the next week,\" Gehrke said. \"That's gonna really bolster the snowpack.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10:20 a.m. Wednesday: \u003c/strong> How quickly can the Sierra Nevada snowpack pick up more water?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, state snow surveyors reported that one location above Lake Tahoe contained just 53 percent the average water content for early January. The statewide report on snow water content was a little better -- 67 percent of the average for the date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wednesday, after a nonstop snow dump up and down the Sierra and other ranges in Northern California, the \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">statewide average\u003c/a> was up to 84 percent. What that looks like on the ground: The big ski resorts near Lake Tahoe have picked up 3 to 5 feet of snow since Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With snow continuing in the mountains and a series of wet storms expected over the next week, it's likely that the snowpack will be above average in just a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's include the usual California wet-season caveat: It's early yet, with months to go in our wet season. But for today, we've got what looks like good news for the state's water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (Tuesday, Jan. 3):\u003c/strong> State water officials conducted their first direct eyeball assessment of the Sierra Nevada snowpack on Tuesday -- and what they found might be a little counterintuitive if you've been watching rain gauges just about anywhere in California's lower elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a familiar ritual, Department of Water Resources surveyors visited a measuring site at Phillips Station, about 6,800 feet above sea level and just off U.S. 50 near Lake Tahoe. They found that the snow at the site contained just 53 percent of the average water content for early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That figure is actually lower than the department's electronically measured levels of the snowpack's water content. On Tuesday, those numbers ranged from 68 percent of average for the northern mountains (from the Trinity River watershed down to the Truckee River) to 73 percent for the southern end of the Sierra. The statewide snowpack is at 70 percent overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The snowpack is closely watched because it stores about one-third of the water that falls on the state and influences everything from farm and city water supplies to electricity generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year's below-average snowpack numbers are occurring in the midst of a much wetter than normal early rainy season for the state as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DWR's index of precipitation for the northern Sierra -- recorded at eight different stations from Mount Shasta to the American River hamlet of Pacific House -- stands at 164 percent of average for the date. The indexes for the two mountain regions to the south stand at 130 and 117 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-Nevada River Forecast Center, too, shows coastal locations from San Diego County clear up to the Oregon state line with rainfall totals ranging from about 120 to 200 percent of average and even higher in a few locations. The only exception to the generally high rain totals has been in the Salinas Valley and the Diablo Range, which runs between the northern Salinas Valley and the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy early-season rain has helped the state's big reservoirs rebound to levels close to or well above their average levels for early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But all that water has arrived in a series of warm storms that have dropped their moisture as rain except at the highest elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a pattern that's being broken, at least for the time being. Today's snow survey took place amid a series of storms that could drop as much as 10 feet of snow on parts of the Sierra by this time next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Gehrke, chief of the California Cooperative Snow Surveys Program, reminded reporters at Phillips Station on Tuesday that as recently as last week, the ground there was mostly bare. He also recalled recent drought years in which the site remained snowless nearly all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Probably the most encouraging thing is, unlike many years when we stood up here in January, it looks like we've got a series of wet, cold storms stretching out for the next week,\" Gehrke said. \"That's gonna really bolster the snowpack.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Federal and state officials say San Francisco International Airport's lack of proper maintenance and inspections led to the erosion of a seawall that prompted calls for emergency repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week SFO was slated to begin construction work on the wall that protects the airport's perimeter from San Francisco Bay, a month after the Board of Supervisors approved $1.5 million in airport capital improvement funds to pay for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, since then, the problem has gotten worse, according to airport spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Erosion is continuing,\" Yakel said. \"The wall has not failed, which is what we're trying to stave off.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inspection over the summer found the wall was significantly eroded, prompting the airport to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/30/sfo-grappling-with-emergency-repairs-to-eroded-seawall/\">declare an emergency\u003c/a> and a top SFO official later said the structure needed to be shored up quickly to prevent flooding on all of the airport's runways and taxiways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO has been working to secure permits for the job from the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission as well as from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both agencies say the erosion was a long-term problem and should not be qualified as an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because SFO declares an emergency doesn't mean that the regulatory agencies which protect the Bay would declare an emergency,\" said commission executive director Larry Goldzband in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission \"finally\" received information it requested from the airport and plans to issue an amended permit that retroactively allows SFO to fix the seawall, Goldzband said, adding that it took the airport too long to answer the commission's questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the erosion problems were reported to the commission earlier, regulators could have considered potentially stronger plans to repair the seawall, Goldzband said. Instead, the agency is issuing an \"after-the-fact\" permit, which it doesn't like doing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued a similar permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did deem this project not an emergency,\" said Janelle Leeson, regulatory project manager at the federal agency's San Francisco district. \"From the Corps' standpoint it was deferred maintenance,\" Leeson said in an interview. \"It's been deteriorating over years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit through the Army Corp of Engineers is for temporary work, according to Leeson. SFO plans to work on a permanent repair by 2020, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport, though, says the damage to the seawall is unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inspectors detected the erosion, the airport wanted to take care of it as soon as possible, according to Martha Whetstone, SFO's Government Affairs Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They want to shore it up as soon as possible, and yes, we consider that an emergency\" Whetstone said, also in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldzband says SFO conducted irregular inspections. \"They have a regular inspection protocol but for some reason the protocol was not followed in 2015,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Supervisors' committee hearing in November, airport officials said they are working on increasing inspections of SFO’s 8-mile perimeter seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO has been working to secure permits for the job from the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission as well as from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both agencies say the erosion was a long-term problem and should not be qualified as an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because SFO declares an emergency doesn't mean that the regulatory agencies which protect the Bay would declare an emergency,\" said commission executive director Larry Goldzband in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission \"finally\" received information it requested from the airport and plans to issue an amended permit that retroactively allows SFO to fix the seawall, Goldzband said, adding that it took the airport too long to answer the commission's questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the erosion problems were reported to the commission earlier, regulators could have considered potentially stronger plans to repair the seawall, Goldzband said. Instead, the agency is issuing an \"after-the-fact\" permit, which it doesn't like doing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued a similar permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did deem this project not an emergency,\" said Janelle Leeson, regulatory project manager at the federal agency's San Francisco district. \"From the Corps' standpoint it was deferred maintenance,\" Leeson said in an interview. \"It's been deteriorating over years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit through the Army Corp of Engineers is for temporary work, according to Leeson. SFO plans to work on a permanent repair by 2020, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport, though, says the damage to the seawall is unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inspectors detected the erosion, the airport wanted to take care of it as soon as possible, according to Martha Whetstone, SFO's Government Affairs Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They want to shore it up as soon as possible, and yes, we consider that an emergency\" Whetstone said, also in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldzband says SFO conducted irregular inspections. \"They have a regular inspection protocol but for some reason the protocol was not followed in 2015,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Supervisors' committee hearing in November, airport officials said they are working on increasing inspections of SFO’s 8-mile perimeter seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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