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Over the past two decades, as state funding for higher education declined, California’s public research university increased class sizes, sometimes failed to maintain basic infrastructure like roofs and cooling systems, and put off construction projects — even as it enrolled an additional 90,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a deferred maintenance backlog that \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/support-uc/ucan/state-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC estimates at $4 billion\u003c/a> and fears among faculty and administrators that the system, once the envy of the rest of the country, is beginning to lose its luster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a growing impact,” UC President Janet Napolitano told CALmatters. “We need the state to reinvest in the university. We need to be able to have new labs. We need to be able to refresh the labs we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown seemed to hear her plea on Friday when he added to his proposed 2018-19 budget a one-time infusion of $100 million each for UC and California State University to make campus repairs. The funds are part of a larger effort to upgrade the state’s ailing infrastructure. But they will cover only a fraction of the backlog and don’t account for the university’s long-term need for new buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s proposing a Band-Aid on a massive capital deficit wound,” said state Sen. Steve Glazer, an Orinda Democrat who wants to put a proposition on the November ballot asking voters to support $4 billion in bond funding for the two universities to build classrooms and labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC’s Grad Slam competition May 3, top graduate students from each of the university’s 10 campuses faced off to see who could best explain their research in three minutes or less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kimberley Kanani Bitterwolf, the UC Santa Cruz finalist, studies the chemistry of rivers and groundwater to understand how the Earth’s climate has changed over time. Her research could prove helpful in predicting the effects of global warming — but she’s had to conduct much of it in Germany, because UC Santa Cruz lacked the pricey equipment she needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she’s in Santa Cruz, Bitterwolf said, she makes the hourlong drive to a San Jose nonprofit that collects donated equipment from biotech companies, picking up pipette tips and other supplies that she can’t get on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I call it thrifting for science,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students, faculty and administrators from multiple UC campuses described sweltering classrooms and leaky labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The building I work in needs a roof and it actually rains inside the building,” said Frances Leslie, dean of the graduate division at UC Irvine and a pharmacologist who studies how tobacco use affects the brain. “That’s not good for research and it’s not good for students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11670036\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11670036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Broken, leaking and unusable bathrooms are not an uncommon sight for students at UC Riverside. \u003ccite>(James Bernal for CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just how bad the problem is has been difficult to quantify. UC professors still conduct cutting-edge research in state-of-the-art laboratories, but those exist side by side with outdated and neglected buildings. Resources vary widely among campuses and departments, with some of the most popular and prestigious programs hit hard by overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university is spending $15 million to send a team of experts to assess the condition of facilities on each campus, a study that won’t be complete until 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why so lengthy and costly? It’s an “ambitious project that includes not only having someone visually assess every square foot of UC buildings and infrastructure but using that information to make reliable, consistent estimates of both current and future needs,” UC spokeswoman Claire Doan replied in an email. She added that it would produce a deferred maintenance forecast for about 64 million square feet of state-supported space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the state is flush with cash from higher-than-expected tax revenues, Brown has repeatedly warned of a coming recession. Instead of adding to California’s ongoing expenses, he wants to spend part of the $9 billion surplus on one-time projects and sock the rest away in the state’s rainy day fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference announcing the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/an-ungiddy-governor-proposes-stashing-most-of-states-surplus-and-spending-on-one-time-expenses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">governor’s revised budget proposal\u003c/a>, his finance director, Michael Cohen, said the new infrastructure spending was “an acknowledgement that we have not done well as a state in keeping up with our maintenance needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what we can afford right now to try to chip away at that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature could vote by June on whether to put a higher education bond on the ballot. The last time that happened was 2006. In a poll conducted by the Public Policy Institute of California last year, a majority of likely voters said they’d vote yes on such a measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the challenge is figuring out just how much enrollment at UC should grow. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-dream-thousands-college-hopefuls-could-leave-never-return/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing number\u003c/a> of California’s high school graduates meet the eligibility requirements to attend. Add in a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-and-ccc-sign-agreement-boost-transfers-increase-academic-preparation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreement\u003c/a> designed to boost the number of transfers from community colleges, and the university could face a tidal wave of incoming students that it’s ill-equipped to accommodate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11670039\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 444px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11670039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"444\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600.jpg 444w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-160x216.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-240x324.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-375x507.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 444px) 100vw, 444px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside is among University of California campuses in need of repairs and upgrades. \u003ccite>(James Bernal for CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC spends only about half of what comparable public research universities do on maintaining its campuses, a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/blog/bricks-mortarboards-capital-investment-colleges/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PPIC analysis\u003c/a> found. Spending plunged in 2010 and has not bounced back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private donations can help fund marquee projects like a new performing arts center, or profit-sharing ventures like a parking garage. But the less-glamorous task of building and maintaining classrooms usually requires public dollars, said Patrick Murphy, a senior fellow at PPIC who studies capital spending in higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s lining up to put their plaque on the air conditioning unit,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects can be seen on campuses such as UC Davis, where students say they sometimes sweat their way through classes in rooms that lack working air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having to teach in those spaces is hugely uncomfortable,” said graduate student association president Roy Taggueg, adding that temperatures during spring finals week often climb into the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourth-year student Alondra Cruz said it was so hot in her Mexican-American history class that the professor converted the midterm and final to take-home exams so students could concentrate. “At times I would be sweating so much that I’d be focused on that and not on the lecture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As enrollment grew by more than 20 percent over the last decade, the campus has commandeered an exercise room and even a theater to use for classes. “It works pretty well, except depending on what sort of performances are happening, the instructor doesn’t know what’s going to be set up on the stage,” said Kelly Ratliff, the campus’s vice chancellor for operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ratliff said UC Davis has found creative ways to finance new classroom space, sandwiching it into projects funded by private donations, such as the new Manetti Shrem Museum of Art. Each winter, as rainwater leaks into the nearly 50-year-old Briggs Hall, campus officials strategize about how to protect the delicate biological experiments taking place there. A reroofing project is in progress, but it’s unclear when the university will be able to complete it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plugging a hole isn’t the same thing as solving the problem,” Ratliff said. “But without a full funding model, more often than we’d like, we’re just plugging the hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Riverside, second-year student Emelia Martinez said it’s common for classes to have dozens of students standing or huddled on the floor because there are no seats available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are students that are paying tuition, and they are sitting on the floor,” Martinez said. “We really can’t continue like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower-division class sizes have increased slowly but steadily systemwide since 2006, UC officials say. UC Berkeley Chancellor Carol Christ told the university’s board of regents in January that lower-division lectures in the electrical engineering and computer science department had ballooned from an average of 65 students in the 2011-2012 school year to 227 in 2016-17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s legislative analyst \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2018/3748/higher-ed-analysis-021518.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported\u003c/a> that some of UC’s existing classrooms are underused, although student leaders insist that’s because rooms on older campuses like Berkeley and UCLA can be too small for today’s class sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university plans to build new classrooms at UC Davis and Riverside beginning this year, plus make seismic safety improvements to buildings at UCSF and UC Berkeley — both of which sit on or near major fault lines. UC can finance construction using its regular budget allocation from the state, which Brown has proposed boosting by 3 percent. University officials say that’s not enough, and are asking for another $105 million to cope with growing enrollment and avoid raising tuition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While dozens of legislators have pledged their support for the request, others are wary after a state audit last year found Napolitano’s office had kept $175 million in reserve funds hidden from the public. The university came under further pressure last week when tens of thousands of campus service workers walked off the job in protest of outsourcing and what they described as racial and gender pay inequities among workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As legislators, it’s difficult for us to decide on a budget package for the University of California as UC administrators impose such harsh terms on its lowest-paid frontline workers,” Assembly Appropriations Committee chair Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher wrote in a pointed letter to UC just before the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, overcrowding is not just an issue of physical space: Campuses also need enough professors and teaching assistants to cover rising demand, especially in popular departments. But faculty and administrators say the two issues are linked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to recruit the very best minds from California and across the world,” said Carol Genetti, dean of graduate studies at UC Santa Barbara. But top students, she said, are looking for a graduate school that can offer them high-quality facilities and generous stipends. “When they come to visit campus, if we can’t show them that we can do that, we’re at a significant disadvantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filippenko, the UC Berkeley astronomy professor, said he intentionally over-enrolls his classes to help students who are desperate to meet graduation requirements. When the observatory where he and his students perform research was threatened with closure, he organized to save it, helping to win a partial reprieve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former Guggenheim fellow and member of the National Academy of Sciences, Filippenko said he has received job offers from elite universities where he’d have more telescope time and a smaller teaching load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stay in part because I so firmly believe that we need a great public university,” he said. “People need to take the long view and support this amazing system that we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters’ Laurel Rosenhall contributed reporting. This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/feliciacalmatters-org/\">Felicia Mello\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The message popped into UC Berkeley sophomore Varsha Sarveshwar’s inbox a few days before the start of her Introduction to General Astronomy course in the fall of her freshman year. It contained the usual details about class times and textbooks. But then there was something surprising: a plea from the professor to skip the first day of class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to encourage at least 200 of you NOT to come to Hertz Hall the first two lectures, and simply watch them on webcast instead,” professor Alex Filippenko wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While 850 students were enrolled in the course, the lecture hall could hold only 650, Filippenko explained. The fire marshal might shut down the class if too many people attended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message from Filippenko — a celebrated astrophysicist whose popular course also satisfies a graduation requirement — illustrates the challenges the University of California faces as it squeezes growing numbers of students onto overcrowded campuses with deteriorating buildings and equipment. Over the past two decades, as state funding for higher education declined, California’s public research university increased class sizes, sometimes failed to maintain basic infrastructure like roofs and cooling systems, and put off construction projects — even as it enrolled an additional 90,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a deferred maintenance backlog that \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/support-uc/ucan/state-budget\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC estimates at $4 billion\u003c/a> and fears among faculty and administrators that the system, once the envy of the rest of the country, is beginning to lose its luster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a growing impact,” UC President Janet Napolitano told CALmatters. “We need the state to reinvest in the university. We need to be able to have new labs. We need to be able to refresh the labs we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown seemed to hear her plea on Friday when he added to his proposed 2018-19 budget a one-time infusion of $100 million each for UC and California State University to make campus repairs. The funds are part of a larger effort to upgrade the state’s ailing infrastructure. But they will cover only a fraction of the backlog and don’t account for the university’s long-term need for new buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s proposing a Band-Aid on a massive capital deficit wound,” said state Sen. Steve Glazer, an Orinda Democrat who wants to put a proposition on the November ballot asking voters to support $4 billion in bond funding for the two universities to build classrooms and labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC’s Grad Slam competition May 3, top graduate students from each of the university’s 10 campuses faced off to see who could best explain their research in three minutes or less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kimberley Kanani Bitterwolf, the UC Santa Cruz finalist, studies the chemistry of rivers and groundwater to understand how the Earth’s climate has changed over time. Her research could prove helpful in predicting the effects of global warming — but she’s had to conduct much of it in Germany, because UC Santa Cruz lacked the pricey equipment she needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she’s in Santa Cruz, Bitterwolf said, she makes the hourlong drive to a San Jose nonprofit that collects donated equipment from biotech companies, picking up pipette tips and other supplies that she can’t get on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I call it thrifting for science,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students, faculty and administrators from multiple UC campuses described sweltering classrooms and leaky labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The building I work in needs a roof and it actually rains inside the building,” said Frances Leslie, dean of the graduate division at UC Irvine and a pharmacologist who studies how tobacco use affects the brain. “That’s not good for research and it’s not good for students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11670036\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11670036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-23-600x400-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Broken, leaking and unusable bathrooms are not an uncommon sight for students at UC Riverside. \u003ccite>(James Bernal for CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just how bad the problem is has been difficult to quantify. UC professors still conduct cutting-edge research in state-of-the-art laboratories, but those exist side by side with outdated and neglected buildings. Resources vary widely among campuses and departments, with some of the most popular and prestigious programs hit hard by overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university is spending $15 million to send a team of experts to assess the condition of facilities on each campus, a study that won’t be complete until 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why so lengthy and costly? It’s an “ambitious project that includes not only having someone visually assess every square foot of UC buildings and infrastructure but using that information to make reliable, consistent estimates of both current and future needs,” UC spokeswoman Claire Doan replied in an email. She added that it would produce a deferred maintenance forecast for about 64 million square feet of state-supported space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the state is flush with cash from higher-than-expected tax revenues, Brown has repeatedly warned of a coming recession. Instead of adding to California’s ongoing expenses, he wants to spend part of the $9 billion surplus on one-time projects and sock the rest away in the state’s rainy day fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference announcing the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/an-ungiddy-governor-proposes-stashing-most-of-states-surplus-and-spending-on-one-time-expenses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">governor’s revised budget proposal\u003c/a>, his finance director, Michael Cohen, said the new infrastructure spending was “an acknowledgement that we have not done well as a state in keeping up with our maintenance needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what we can afford right now to try to chip away at that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature could vote by June on whether to put a higher education bond on the ballot. The last time that happened was 2006. In a poll conducted by the Public Policy Institute of California last year, a majority of likely voters said they’d vote yes on such a measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the challenge is figuring out just how much enrollment at UC should grow. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-dream-thousands-college-hopefuls-could-leave-never-return/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing number\u003c/a> of California’s high school graduates meet the eligibility requirements to attend. Add in a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/uc-and-ccc-sign-agreement-boost-transfers-increase-academic-preparation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreement\u003c/a> designed to boost the number of transfers from community colleges, and the university could face a tidal wave of incoming students that it’s ill-equipped to accommodate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11670039\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 444px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11670039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"444\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600.jpg 444w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-160x216.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-240x324.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Calmatters_UC-Riverside-64-e1526436885143-444x600-375x507.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 444px) 100vw, 444px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Riverside is among University of California campuses in need of repairs and upgrades. \u003ccite>(James Bernal for CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC spends only about half of what comparable public research universities do on maintaining its campuses, a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/blog/bricks-mortarboards-capital-investment-colleges/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PPIC analysis\u003c/a> found. Spending plunged in 2010 and has not bounced back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private donations can help fund marquee projects like a new performing arts center, or profit-sharing ventures like a parking garage. But the less-glamorous task of building and maintaining classrooms usually requires public dollars, said Patrick Murphy, a senior fellow at PPIC who studies capital spending in higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s lining up to put their plaque on the air conditioning unit,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects can be seen on campuses such as UC Davis, where students say they sometimes sweat their way through classes in rooms that lack working air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having to teach in those spaces is hugely uncomfortable,” said graduate student association president Roy Taggueg, adding that temperatures during spring finals week often climb into the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourth-year student Alondra Cruz said it was so hot in her Mexican-American history class that the professor converted the midterm and final to take-home exams so students could concentrate. “At times I would be sweating so much that I’d be focused on that and not on the lecture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As enrollment grew by more than 20 percent over the last decade, the campus has commandeered an exercise room and even a theater to use for classes. “It works pretty well, except depending on what sort of performances are happening, the instructor doesn’t know what’s going to be set up on the stage,” said Kelly Ratliff, the campus’s vice chancellor for operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ratliff said UC Davis has found creative ways to finance new classroom space, sandwiching it into projects funded by private donations, such as the new Manetti Shrem Museum of Art. Each winter, as rainwater leaks into the nearly 50-year-old Briggs Hall, campus officials strategize about how to protect the delicate biological experiments taking place there. A reroofing project is in progress, but it’s unclear when the university will be able to complete it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plugging a hole isn’t the same thing as solving the problem,” Ratliff said. “But without a full funding model, more often than we’d like, we’re just plugging the hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Riverside, second-year student Emelia Martinez said it’s common for classes to have dozens of students standing or huddled on the floor because there are no seats available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are students that are paying tuition, and they are sitting on the floor,” Martinez said. “We really can’t continue like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower-division class sizes have increased slowly but steadily systemwide since 2006, UC officials say. UC Berkeley Chancellor Carol Christ told the university’s board of regents in January that lower-division lectures in the electrical engineering and computer science department had ballooned from an average of 65 students in the 2011-2012 school year to 227 in 2016-17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s legislative analyst \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2018/3748/higher-ed-analysis-021518.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported\u003c/a> that some of UC’s existing classrooms are underused, although student leaders insist that’s because rooms on older campuses like Berkeley and UCLA can be too small for today’s class sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university plans to build new classrooms at UC Davis and Riverside beginning this year, plus make seismic safety improvements to buildings at UCSF and UC Berkeley — both of which sit on or near major fault lines. UC can finance construction using its regular budget allocation from the state, which Brown has proposed boosting by 3 percent. University officials say that’s not enough, and are asking for another $105 million to cope with growing enrollment and avoid raising tuition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While dozens of legislators have pledged their support for the request, others are wary after a state audit last year found Napolitano’s office had kept $175 million in reserve funds hidden from the public. The university came under further pressure last week when tens of thousands of campus service workers walked off the job in protest of outsourcing and what they described as racial and gender pay inequities among workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As legislators, it’s difficult for us to decide on a budget package for the University of California as UC administrators impose such harsh terms on its lowest-paid frontline workers,” Assembly Appropriations Committee chair Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher wrote in a pointed letter to UC just before the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, overcrowding is not just an issue of physical space: Campuses also need enough professors and teaching assistants to cover rising demand, especially in popular departments. But faculty and administrators say the two issues are linked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to recruit the very best minds from California and across the world,” said Carol Genetti, dean of graduate studies at UC Santa Barbara. But top students, she said, are looking for a graduate school that can offer them high-quality facilities and generous stipends. “When they come to visit campus, if we can’t show them that we can do that, we’re at a significant disadvantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filippenko, the UC Berkeley astronomy professor, said he intentionally over-enrolls his classes to help students who are desperate to meet graduation requirements. When the observatory where he and his students perform research was threatened with closure, he organized to save it, helping to win a partial reprieve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former Guggenheim fellow and member of the National Academy of Sciences, Filippenko said he has received job offers from elite universities where he’d have more telescope time and a smaller teaching load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stay in part because I so firmly believe that we need a great public university,” he said. “People need to take the long view and support this amazing system that we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters’ Laurel Rosenhall contributed reporting. This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "You Can't Tell Kids to 'Just Say No' to Legal Weed",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Stay caught up with the best of KQED's reporting each week by subscribing to the \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/qed-up/id1197721799?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Q'ed Up podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what we all missed while obsessing over the royal wedding:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363545/in-the-land-of-legal-weed-drug-education-moves-from-dont-to-delay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How do you talk to kids about legal pot?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B59OEsNzz0s\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the television hall of fame, there needs to be a special wing dedicated exclusively to horrible anti-drug PSAs. Even if we control for the overall improvement of TV ads in the last few decades, I can't imagine these things stopped many kids from smoking pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if the PSAs didn't work, adults could always fall back on the law: if kids did drugs, they would go to jail. But that won't work for marijuana anymore as the legal age for recreational pot in California is 21 and older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do you talk to kids about the potential risks of marijuana use when it'll be legal for them to use in just a few years. KQED's health editor Carrie Feibel went back to (middle) school to see how educators are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363545/in-the-land-of-legal-weed-drug-education-moves-from-dont-to-delay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">teaching kids about legal weed.\u003c/a> Turns out, legalization hasn't changed the curriculum too much, but the scare tactics and guilt trips of earlier decades (and PSAs) are long gone:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Has legalization changed how you talk to your kids about drugs? \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ryan_levi/status/998270278500155392\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tell me about it on Twitter\u003c/a>, and you could be on next week's episode of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/qedup/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Q'ed Up.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668435/love-it-or-hate-it-ranked-choice-voting-will-determine-san-franciscos-next-mayor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How does ranked choice voting work?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P10PFuBFVL8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/elections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Election Day\u003c/a> Pt. 1 (also known as the June 5 primary) is almost here, which means it's a good time for a refresher on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668435/love-it-or-hate-it-ranked-choice-voting-will-determine-san-franciscos-next-mayor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ranked choice voting.\u003c/a> Several Bay Area cities use ranked choice voting (RCV) including Oakland, Berkeley and San Francisco, which has a pretty hotly contested mayoral election coming up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the short version of how it works:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For offices decided by RCV, voters rank their first, second and third choices. Through a complicated system of algorithms, if no candidate gets 50 percent-plus-one after counting all the first-place votes, the last-place candidates are eliminated one by one, and their voters' second-choice votes are redistributed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>3. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669075/facebook-uber-and-wells-fargo-are-all-apologizing-in-nationally-televised-ads\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do you accept Uber, Facebook and Wells Fargo's apologies?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669223\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669223\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-800x301.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-800x301.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-160x60.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1020x384.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1200x452.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1180x445.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-960x362.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-240x90.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-375x141.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-520x196.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo.jpg 1906w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wells Fargo commercial screenshot. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I don't have a TV, so I didn't realize that mega-companies Wells Fargo, Uber and Facebook have all been running \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669075/facebook-uber-and-wells-fargo-are-all-apologizing-in-nationally-televised-ads\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">apology ads\u003c/a> during prime-time recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These companies definitely have good reason to apologize to their customers, and the ads are very well produced with music, platitudes and lofty promises. But are they enough to earn your forgiveness?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668589/rancho-cucamonga-from-wine-region-to-birthplace-of-flamin-hot-cheetos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rancho Cucamonga: From Fine Wine to Flamin' Hot Cheetos\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669180\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the Nazarene Church stand in front of the John Rains House in Rancho Cucamonga, 1902.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-160x113.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-240x169.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-375x264.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-520x367.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Nazarene Church stand in front of the John Rains House in Rancho Cucamonga, 1902. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Bernardino County Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668589/rancho-cucamonga-from-wine-region-to-birthplace-of-flamin-hot-cheetos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rancho Cucamonga\u003c/a> sounds more like something you'd yell when jumping into a swimming pool than a town's name, but there it is, nestled into the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name comes from the Kukamongan Native Americans who established a settlement in the area in 1200 A.D. and the \"ranchos\" of the secularized Spanish mission system of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from its name, the town is also known as the home of the oldest commercial wine facility in the state and as the birthplace of Flamin' Hot Cheetos. Wine and Cheetos: a match made in Rancho Cucamonga.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668394/spinning-rims-spinning-cars-the-history-of-the-oakland-sideshow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do you know the history of Oakland's sideshows?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10647433\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10647433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-800x436.jpg\" alt=\"Spectators watch a sideshow at Foothill Boulevard and 55th Avenue in East Oakland on June 21, 2015. \" width=\"800\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-800x436.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-400x218.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1440x784.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1920x1046.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1180x643.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-960x523.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube.jpg 1928w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch a sideshow at Foothill Boulevard and 55th Avenue in East Oakland on June 21, 2015. \u003ccite>(Jay Area/YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I have never heard of or seen a sideshow, so this week's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> about the history and culture of sideshows in Oakland fascinated me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As some of you may know, sideshows are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668394/spinning-rims-spinning-cars-the-history-of-the-oakland-sideshow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">part-car show, part-block party.\u003c/a> They started in the 1980s and have deep roots in Deep East Oakland's African-American community and hip-hop culture. They were a chance to show off cool cars and share great music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot of people now associate them with violence and crime and Oakland has cracked down on sideshows. Like most things, sideshows are a lot more complex than they may appear on the surface, and this story is a great place to start if you want to understand those complexities...and listen to some sweet music.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Stay caught up with the best of KQED's reporting each week by subscribing to the \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/qed-up/id1197721799?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Q'ed Up podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what we all missed while obsessing over the royal wedding:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363545/in-the-land-of-legal-weed-drug-education-moves-from-dont-to-delay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How do you talk to kids about legal pot?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/B59OEsNzz0s'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/B59OEsNzz0s'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In the television hall of fame, there needs to be a special wing dedicated exclusively to horrible anti-drug PSAs. Even if we control for the overall improvement of TV ads in the last few decades, I can't imagine these things stopped many kids from smoking pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if the PSAs didn't work, adults could always fall back on the law: if kids did drugs, they would go to jail. But that won't work for marijuana anymore as the legal age for recreational pot in California is 21 and older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do you talk to kids about the potential risks of marijuana use when it'll be legal for them to use in just a few years. KQED's health editor Carrie Feibel went back to (middle) school to see how educators are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363545/in-the-land-of-legal-weed-drug-education-moves-from-dont-to-delay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">teaching kids about legal weed.\u003c/a> Turns out, legalization hasn't changed the curriculum too much, but the scare tactics and guilt trips of earlier decades (and PSAs) are long gone:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Has legalization changed how you talk to your kids about drugs? \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ryan_levi/status/998270278500155392\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tell me about it on Twitter\u003c/a>, and you could be on next week's episode of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/qedup/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Q'ed Up.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668435/love-it-or-hate-it-ranked-choice-voting-will-determine-san-franciscos-next-mayor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How does ranked choice voting work?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/P10PFuBFVL8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/P10PFuBFVL8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/elections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Election Day\u003c/a> Pt. 1 (also known as the June 5 primary) is almost here, which means it's a good time for a refresher on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668435/love-it-or-hate-it-ranked-choice-voting-will-determine-san-franciscos-next-mayor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ranked choice voting.\u003c/a> Several Bay Area cities use ranked choice voting (RCV) including Oakland, Berkeley and San Francisco, which has a pretty hotly contested mayoral election coming up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the short version of how it works:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For offices decided by RCV, voters rank their first, second and third choices. Through a complicated system of algorithms, if no candidate gets 50 percent-plus-one after counting all the first-place votes, the last-place candidates are eliminated one by one, and their voters' second-choice votes are redistributed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>3. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669075/facebook-uber-and-wells-fargo-are-all-apologizing-in-nationally-televised-ads\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do you accept Uber, Facebook and Wells Fargo's apologies?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669223\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669223\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-800x301.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-800x301.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-160x60.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1020x384.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1200x452.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-1180x445.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-960x362.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-240x90.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-375x141.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo-520x196.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Capture-wells-fargo.jpg 1906w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wells Fargo commercial screenshot. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I don't have a TV, so I didn't realize that mega-companies Wells Fargo, Uber and Facebook have all been running \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669075/facebook-uber-and-wells-fargo-are-all-apologizing-in-nationally-televised-ads\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">apology ads\u003c/a> during prime-time recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These companies definitely have good reason to apologize to their customers, and the ads are very well produced with music, platitudes and lofty promises. But are they enough to earn your forgiveness?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668589/rancho-cucamonga-from-wine-region-to-birthplace-of-flamin-hot-cheetos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rancho Cucamonga: From Fine Wine to Flamin' Hot Cheetos\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11669180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11669180\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the Nazarene Church stand in front of the John Rains House in Rancho Cucamonga, 1902.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-160x113.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-240x169.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-375x264.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/NazareneChurchMembersRancho-520x367.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Nazarene Church stand in front of the John Rains House in Rancho Cucamonga, 1902. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Bernardino County Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668589/rancho-cucamonga-from-wine-region-to-birthplace-of-flamin-hot-cheetos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rancho Cucamonga\u003c/a> sounds more like something you'd yell when jumping into a swimming pool than a town's name, but there it is, nestled into the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name comes from the Kukamongan Native Americans who established a settlement in the area in 1200 A.D. and the \"ranchos\" of the secularized Spanish mission system of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from its name, the town is also known as the home of the oldest commercial wine facility in the state and as the birthplace of Flamin' Hot Cheetos. Wine and Cheetos: a match made in Rancho Cucamonga.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668394/spinning-rims-spinning-cars-the-history-of-the-oakland-sideshow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do you know the history of Oakland's sideshows?\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10647433\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10647433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-800x436.jpg\" alt=\"Spectators watch a sideshow at Foothill Boulevard and 55th Avenue in East Oakland on June 21, 2015. \" width=\"800\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-800x436.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-400x218.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1440x784.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1920x1046.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-1180x643.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube-960x523.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sideshow-via-youtube.jpg 1928w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch a sideshow at Foothill Boulevard and 55th Avenue in East Oakland on June 21, 2015. \u003ccite>(Jay Area/YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I have never heard of or seen a sideshow, so this week's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> about the history and culture of sideshows in Oakland fascinated me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As some of you may know, sideshows are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668394/spinning-rims-spinning-cars-the-history-of-the-oakland-sideshow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">part-car show, part-block party.\u003c/a> They started in the 1980s and have deep roots in Deep East Oakland's African-American community and hip-hop culture. They were a chance to show off cool cars and share great music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot of people now associate them with violence and crime and Oakland has cracked down on sideshows. Like most things, sideshows are a lot more complex than they may appear on the surface, and this story is a great place to start if you want to understand those complexities...and listen to some sweet music.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Charter School Fight Amps Up Race for California Governor",
"title": "Charter School Fight Amps Up Race for California Governor",
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"content": "\u003cp>They are Democrats and Republicans. They are residents of California, New York and Arkansas. They have made fortunes in technology, real estate, retail and media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do these billionaires have in common? They aim to shake up public education by promoting charters — schools that receive taxpayer funds but are not required to follow all the rules that govern traditional schools. And their newest goal is to try to elect California’s next governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several wealthy business leaders have poured millions of dollars into a campaign backing Antonio Villaraigosa, a Democrat and former mayor of Los Angeles. Their spending, which follows similar efforts in key \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/education-advocates-fight-over-shades-of-democrat-in-june-election/\">legislative\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-next-election-will-tug-war-education/\">school board\u003c/a> races, has made the California governor’s race the latest front in a long-standing war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter advocates see teachers unions as caring more about working conditions for teachers than learning outcomes for kids. Union leaders see charters, most of which hire \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/371065071/Unionized-Charter-Schools-2016-17?irgwc=1&content=27795&campaign=VigLink&ad_group=1925902&keyword=ft500noi&source=impactradius&medium=affiliate\">non-union\u003c/a> teachers, as threats to their livelihoods. But the two sides also clash more broadly over how to improve public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an urgent question in California, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\">less than half\u003c/a> of students meet standards in reading and math, and performance by children from poor families is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-poor-students-rank-next-to-last-on-national-test/\">almost the worst\u003c/a> in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today ads by the charter group are beaming Villaraigosa’s smiling face onto TVs and into mailboxes, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCagrWqUhd4\">radio commercials\u003c/a> by the rival teachers union criticize “out-of-state billionaires ... trying to buy our politicians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big-money battle has injected serious competition in the race leading up to the June 5 primary, from which only two of 27 candidates for governor will advance to the November general election. The front-runner, Democratic Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, earned the state teachers union’s endorsement after \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article201651204.html\">telling\u003c/a> it in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/secrets-and-seals-of-approval-in-the-california-governors-race/\">questionnaire\u003c/a> that he does not want to increase the number of charter schools in California. (His spokesman said Newsom wants to pause new charter approvals until there’s agreement on conflict-of-interest rules.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter school supporters may be an effective counterbalance to the prevailing influence public employee unions have long exerted on Democratic politics. But the tycoons’ spending also points to the outsized sway personal wealth can have on elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/e0e84afc-b718-4651-9324-3418ae7585f9?src=embed\" title=\"charter school donors\" width=\"600\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a problem for Villaraigosa,” said Pedro Noguera, an education professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Getting too much money from one sector starts to raise some questions about who you are going to be beholden to. And I say that as someone who likes (Villaraigosa).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He watched Villaraigosa spar with the Los Angeles teachers union when, as mayor, he took control over several low-performing schools. Some of those schools have since shown what Noguera called “extraordinary improvement” in graduation rates, safety and parent satisfaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To improve education statewide, Noguera said, the next governor will have to thread the needle on charter schools—cracking down on those that misuse public funds while spreading methods from successful charters to other schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor can play a critical role in setting education policy by signing and vetoing legislation that impacts California’s 10,000 public schools, enacting an annual budget that pays for educating more than 6 million students, and appointing members to the state board of education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions behind Newsom have set up campaign funds to support him, to date raising $1 million from the California Teachers Association and more than $3 million from other labor groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Charter Schools Association Advocates, which is running the independent expenditure \u003ca href=\"https://www.familiesandteachers.org/\">campaign\u003c/a> supporting Villaraigosa, has raised $17 million so far. That includes $7 million from Netflix CEO Reed Hastings; $2.5 million from former housing developer Eli Broad; and $2 million each from investment firm manager William Oberndorf and former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s their motivation?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My wife Edye and I are graduates of Detroit Public Schools,” Eli Broad told CALmatters in an email. “I attended a public university and was the first in my family to go to college. I couldn’t have gotten there without my incredible public school teachers. Edye and I have dedicated ourselves to philanthropy for 20 years because we want to help public schools like the ones we attended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These folks stand to gain nothing except for their own satisfaction that they are working to help the kids of California get a materially better public education,” said Gary Borden, executive director of the charter association’s political arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group cites Villaraigosa’s record as mayor and as Assembly speaker, where in 1998 he helped negotiate a \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1998/apr/29/news/mn-44260\">key agreement\u003c/a> allowing charters to expand but forcing them to hire credentialed teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjB3NTzBGvQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa entered politics as a union organizer, and became mayor with significant help from labor. Then he began criticizing the teachers union as the major obstacle to improving education, and turned to wealthy donors, including Broad, to fund his vision for public schools. Broad said Villaraigosa “did things no one else had the courage or capability to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sold out,” countered Arlene Inouye, secretary of United Teachers of Los Angeles, “and has been on the other side in terms of what’s best for education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles now has more than 200 charter schools where teachers are not represented by the union, according to Inouye. She said they work longer days and school years than union teachers, and some are required to leave their cellphones on until 7 p.m. to take phone calls from parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can put any requirements they want on these teachers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa said union rules hurt the education of needy students by favoring teachers with more seniority and allowing them to decide what subjects they wanted to teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In high school you could say. ‘I want to teach algebra,’ even if that's not your strength. In my schools, I changed that,” he said in an interview with CALmatters. “I want somebody who can teach algebra. That's not a radical notion. That's not an anti-union notion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said Villaraigosa has been too harsh on teachers and is now “being rewarded” for it by donors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCjOWgrkS\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I appreciate what charters promote in terms of innovation,” he said. “But I also believe in transparency and accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 10 percent of California students attend charter schools, but supporters and opponents alike believe the movement has the potential to impact public education more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions see charters as a threat to traditional schools, pulling away students and funding while being allowed to skirt some employment and governance rules school districts must follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to be able to cherry-pick students,” said Claudia Briggs, spokeswoman for the California Teachers Association. “They want to do away with educator rights and they are anti-union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter supporters see their schools as an additional choice for parents, frequently offering specialized programs and less bureaucracy. In their view, charters create competition in the public system that could help all schools improve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a ripple effect,” said Borden, of the charter school group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of California’s 1,275 charter schools are run by nonprofits. But 34 charters in the state are run by for-profit companies, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB406\">legislative analysis\u003c/a>. Investigations have shown that some of them \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-bills-aim-crack-profit-charter-schools/\">reap millions\u003c/a> of taxpayer dollars while providing a shoddy education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teacher unions and charter advocates have both proposed bills to crack down on for-profit charters, but they stalled in the Legislature with the two sides unable to agree on the same solution. It was one of several debates last year in which charter advocates and teacher unions \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/education-foes-fight-draw-sacramento/\">killed\u003c/a> each others’ agendas, leaving plenty of education policy for the next governor to tackle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key questions include whether charters should be required to follow a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2016/brown-vetoes-bill-requiring-charters-to-comply-with-conflict-of-interest-open-records-laws-cta-ccsa/570087\">conflict-of-interest law\u003c/a> that school boards must follow (as unions would like) and whether charter schools will be allowed to expand their reach (as charter advocates would like).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003cem>CALmatters education reporter Jessica Calefati contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>They are Democrats and Republicans. They are residents of California, New York and Arkansas. They have made fortunes in technology, real estate, retail and media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do these billionaires have in common? They aim to shake up public education by promoting charters — schools that receive taxpayer funds but are not required to follow all the rules that govern traditional schools. And their newest goal is to try to elect California’s next governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several wealthy business leaders have poured millions of dollars into a campaign backing Antonio Villaraigosa, a Democrat and former mayor of Los Angeles. Their spending, which follows similar efforts in key \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/education-advocates-fight-over-shades-of-democrat-in-june-election/\">legislative\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-next-election-will-tug-war-education/\">school board\u003c/a> races, has made the California governor’s race the latest front in a long-standing war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter advocates see teachers unions as caring more about working conditions for teachers than learning outcomes for kids. Union leaders see charters, most of which hire \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/371065071/Unionized-Charter-Schools-2016-17?irgwc=1&content=27795&campaign=VigLink&ad_group=1925902&keyword=ft500noi&source=impactradius&medium=affiliate\">non-union\u003c/a> teachers, as threats to their livelihoods. But the two sides also clash more broadly over how to improve public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an urgent question in California, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\">less than half\u003c/a> of students meet standards in reading and math, and performance by children from poor families is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-poor-students-rank-next-to-last-on-national-test/\">almost the worst\u003c/a> in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today ads by the charter group are beaming Villaraigosa’s smiling face onto TVs and into mailboxes, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCagrWqUhd4\">radio commercials\u003c/a> by the rival teachers union criticize “out-of-state billionaires ... trying to buy our politicians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big-money battle has injected serious competition in the race leading up to the June 5 primary, from which only two of 27 candidates for governor will advance to the November general election. The front-runner, Democratic Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, earned the state teachers union’s endorsement after \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article201651204.html\">telling\u003c/a> it in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/secrets-and-seals-of-approval-in-the-california-governors-race/\">questionnaire\u003c/a> that he does not want to increase the number of charter schools in California. (His spokesman said Newsom wants to pause new charter approvals until there’s agreement on conflict-of-interest rules.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter school supporters may be an effective counterbalance to the prevailing influence public employee unions have long exerted on Democratic politics. But the tycoons’ spending also points to the outsized sway personal wealth can have on elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/e0e84afc-b718-4651-9324-3418ae7585f9?src=embed\" title=\"charter school donors\" width=\"600\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a problem for Villaraigosa,” said Pedro Noguera, an education professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Getting too much money from one sector starts to raise some questions about who you are going to be beholden to. And I say that as someone who likes (Villaraigosa).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He watched Villaraigosa spar with the Los Angeles teachers union when, as mayor, he took control over several low-performing schools. Some of those schools have since shown what Noguera called “extraordinary improvement” in graduation rates, safety and parent satisfaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To improve education statewide, Noguera said, the next governor will have to thread the needle on charter schools—cracking down on those that misuse public funds while spreading methods from successful charters to other schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor can play a critical role in setting education policy by signing and vetoing legislation that impacts California’s 10,000 public schools, enacting an annual budget that pays for educating more than 6 million students, and appointing members to the state board of education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions behind Newsom have set up campaign funds to support him, to date raising $1 million from the California Teachers Association and more than $3 million from other labor groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Charter Schools Association Advocates, which is running the independent expenditure \u003ca href=\"https://www.familiesandteachers.org/\">campaign\u003c/a> supporting Villaraigosa, has raised $17 million so far. That includes $7 million from Netflix CEO Reed Hastings; $2.5 million from former housing developer Eli Broad; and $2 million each from investment firm manager William Oberndorf and former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s their motivation?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My wife Edye and I are graduates of Detroit Public Schools,” Eli Broad told CALmatters in an email. “I attended a public university and was the first in my family to go to college. I couldn’t have gotten there without my incredible public school teachers. Edye and I have dedicated ourselves to philanthropy for 20 years because we want to help public schools like the ones we attended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These folks stand to gain nothing except for their own satisfaction that they are working to help the kids of California get a materially better public education,” said Gary Borden, executive director of the charter association’s political arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group cites Villaraigosa’s record as mayor and as Assembly speaker, where in 1998 he helped negotiate a \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1998/apr/29/news/mn-44260\">key agreement\u003c/a> allowing charters to expand but forcing them to hire credentialed teachers.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/kjB3NTzBGvQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/kjB3NTzBGvQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Villaraigosa entered politics as a union organizer, and became mayor with significant help from labor. Then he began criticizing the teachers union as the major obstacle to improving education, and turned to wealthy donors, including Broad, to fund his vision for public schools. Broad said Villaraigosa “did things no one else had the courage or capability to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sold out,” countered Arlene Inouye, secretary of United Teachers of Los Angeles, “and has been on the other side in terms of what’s best for education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles now has more than 200 charter schools where teachers are not represented by the union, according to Inouye. She said they work longer days and school years than union teachers, and some are required to leave their cellphones on until 7 p.m. to take phone calls from parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can put any requirements they want on these teachers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa said union rules hurt the education of needy students by favoring teachers with more seniority and allowing them to decide what subjects they wanted to teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In high school you could say. ‘I want to teach algebra,’ even if that's not your strength. In my schools, I changed that,” he said in an interview with CALmatters. “I want somebody who can teach algebra. That's not a radical notion. That's not an anti-union notion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said Villaraigosa has been too harsh on teachers and is now “being rewarded” for it by donors.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/mCjOWgrkS'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/mCjOWgrkS'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“I appreciate what charters promote in terms of innovation,” he said. “But I also believe in transparency and accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 10 percent of California students attend charter schools, but supporters and opponents alike believe the movement has the potential to impact public education more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions see charters as a threat to traditional schools, pulling away students and funding while being allowed to skirt some employment and governance rules school districts must follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to be able to cherry-pick students,” said Claudia Briggs, spokeswoman for the California Teachers Association. “They want to do away with educator rights and they are anti-union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charter supporters see their schools as an additional choice for parents, frequently offering specialized programs and less bureaucracy. In their view, charters create competition in the public system that could help all schools improve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a ripple effect,” said Borden, of the charter school group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of California’s 1,275 charter schools are run by nonprofits. But 34 charters in the state are run by for-profit companies, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB406\">legislative analysis\u003c/a>. Investigations have shown that some of them \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-bills-aim-crack-profit-charter-schools/\">reap millions\u003c/a> of taxpayer dollars while providing a shoddy education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teacher unions and charter advocates have both proposed bills to crack down on for-profit charters, but they stalled in the Legislature with the two sides unable to agree on the same solution. It was one of several debates last year in which charter advocates and teacher unions \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/education-foes-fight-draw-sacramento/\">killed\u003c/a> each others’ agendas, leaving plenty of education policy for the next governor to tackle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key questions include whether charters should be required to follow a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2016/brown-vetoes-bill-requiring-charters-to-comply-with-conflict-of-interest-open-records-laws-cta-ccsa/570087\">conflict-of-interest law\u003c/a> that school boards must follow (as unions would like) and whether charter schools will be allowed to expand their reach (as charter advocates would like).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003cem>CALmatters education reporter Jessica Calefati contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "In the Land of Legal Weed, Drug Education Moves From ‘Don’t’ to ‘Delay’",
"title": "In the Land of Legal Weed, Drug Education Moves From ‘Don’t’ to ‘Delay’",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Californians legalized marijuana in 2016, with 57 percent of the vote. But the momentousness of that decision was somewhat lost in the drama of Donald Trump’s victory. Voters also had to wait over a year for full implementation, while state agencies crafted new regulations for quality, safety and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the social significance of the vote finally burst into view this Jan. 1, when eager customers -- who had lined up in the darkness outside medical marijuana dispensaries across the state -- streamed through the doors at the stroke of midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change hasn’t been confined to the cannabis cash register. Everyone has seen the advertising or heard the chatter -- and that includes minors, although marijuana remains illegal for those under 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of SFO airport, there are billboards for \u003ca href=\"https://www.eaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaze\u003c/a> that say ‘Marijuana is here,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/danielle.ramo-larios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Danielle Ramo\u003c/a>, a psychologist who conducts research at UCSF on adolescent drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure parents were expecting to see so many images of cannabis all over,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public schools in California are required by law to provide anti-drug abuse education, although experts say the quality of the instruction varies widely from district to district, and there’s little enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was curious to know how marijuana legalization was being discussed in schools, so I embedded with \u003ca href=\"http://livingadept.org/beingadept/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Being Adept\u003c/a>, an evidence-based curriculum that has been used in about 20 schools in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my surprise, I discovered that the rollout of legal recreational marijuana in California and other states hasn’t led to any big changes in substance abuse prevention. Drug educators have always covered both legal substances (alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs) and illicit ones (pot, ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, heroin, meth … ). Students have accessed, and abused, both categories of drugs for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I was more struck by the evolution of drug education since the 1980s. Today, drug abuse education is an advanced pedagogy, drawing on decades of rigorous effectiveness research and the newest teaching techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Just Say No” approach, popularized by Nancy Reagan, has been discredited. The PSAs that Gen-Xers may remember -- the egg in a frying pan (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOnENVylxPI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this is your brain on drugs\u003c/a>”), or the boy calling out his dad’s drug use (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkxCcXHwRkk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">I learned it by watching you!\u003c/a>”) -- live on as memes, but they’re no longer used as messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those scare-tactic-based programs have tended to quite clearly not work, based on most of the research that evaluated its effectiveness,” Ramo said. “Today there is an entirely different mindset about school-based prevention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Brady, a Being Adept instructor, was completely open about her method when she stood in front of the eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Middle School, a private school in Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not here to tell you what to do today. Not at all,” she began. “I'm here to give you the most up-to-date information possible so that you can make your own healthy, informed decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady then jump-started a fast-paced, fact-filled discussion on brain chemistry and physiology. There was an animated video about how marijuana affects dopamine pathways in the brain. Then a discussion about marijuana “edibles” and how they are metabolized by the liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can take up to 30 minutes to maybe even an hour or two before it really hits you,” she said. “When somebody eats an edible and they don't really feel the effects, what do you think happens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more!” a student called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more,” Brady nodded. “Yeah, an hour, an hour and a half later? Boom! Like a freight train, they've been hit, and, you know, can barely move or can barely talk. That kind of thing. So they may have to go to the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True, that sounds a \u003cem>little\u003c/em> scary, but it’s presented neutrally, as a consequence at the end of a sequence of decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_363549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-363549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Brady explains the increase over time in marijuana potency to a class of eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Secondary School in Larkspur. \u003ccite>(KQED/Carrie Feibel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where the legalization of the marijuana industry \u003cem>has\u003c/em> affected the content of these lessons is on the subject of potency. Brady tells the students that legalization has spurred competition and innovation among suppliers, to the point where they’re now churning out extremely potent and precisely calibrated forms of pot called “concentrates,” which comes in various forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady runs through their names: oil, bubble, shatter, wax and dabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They call it a ‘dab’ because one tiny little nail head [of it] -- I mean I'm talking like the end of my pinky -- one tiny little nail head is the same as three joints hitting the system all at once. So it’s a lot stronger than it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests of THC levels in marijuana samples over the years back this up. Whereas a typical joint in the '70s probably had a THC level of 4-5 percent, at best, growers are now breeding strains of cannabis that produce buds with THC levels as high as 20-30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the concentrates are in another category altogether. Processed concentrates sold at dispensaries now regularly test at 80, even 90 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not the same drug,” Brady tells them. People sometimes vomit from concentrates. Some people hallucinate and have even become psychotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, she adds, it can be addictive. Not just psychologically, but physically. People do go into THC withdrawal and do go to rehab for pot addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as she describes the transformation of marijuana from a relatively mild intoxicant to a potentially debilitating one, Brady never once says “that’s why you shouldn’t” or even “so please be careful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the students applauded this approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made you feel more mature, and that you're in control,\" said Devon Soofer, 13. “This [class] was actually telling you the long-term effects and what it can actually do to you. So it actually made you feel like ‘Wow, this is actually really bad,’ and not just being \u003cem>forced\u003c/em> not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later units in the Being Adept curriculum give students concrete tools: They rehearse what to do or say at parties, and talk about better ways to cope than using cannabis -- or any substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramo, who serves as a scientific advisor to Being Adept, decried “the overwhelming stress, anxiety, depression, suicidality that is so pervasive among teens in the United States today, especially in high-intensity educational areas, like a lot of schools in the Bay Area are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Addressing that problem is key,” she added, as is “having teens come up with solutions to manage their stress, that they actually would use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Delay, Delay, Delay” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if drug educators aren’t telling students “Don’t!” anymore, what exactly are they telling them to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>? As I observed, they’re not overtly telling them to do anything, because teens are naturally resistant to the authoritarian approach -- and some of them may resist to the point of doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying goal of drug education remains the same as before: keep children safe. The dangers of intoxicated driving, sexual assault, academic or athletic failure, social humiliation, social media embarrassment -- all of these do come up in the lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the instructors put a special emphasis on a less visible risk: the potential damage to their brains. And the science backs them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More research is coming out looking at the ways in which all different kinds of substances can hijack normal brain functioning, and particularly so in adolescence,” Danielle Ramo explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In heavily cannabis-using teens, there are some particularly important implications of using cannabis on the frontal lobe, and that interrupts a type of thinking called ‘executive functioning.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also worrisome is a substantial body of research showing that using any potentially addictive substance while the brain is still developing -- whether alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or other drug -- triggers neurological changes that can lead to addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earlier teens start using, the more heavily they use in adolescence, the more likely it is that they'll go on to have problems throughout their adulthood,” said Ramo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Adept instructors don’t say it outright, but the message is clear: If you’re not going to abstain, just push it off for a while. \u003cem>Your brain is too vulnerable right now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Grellman, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.jennifergrellman.com/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">psychotherapist\u003c/a> in Kentfield and the founder of Being Adept, sums up the strategy in three words, just like the “Just Say No” campaign: “Delay, delay, delay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way to handle that with your kids is to say: ‘You know, you don't have to use this now. Maybe you want to use it someday, but not today, not now. It will always be there.’ Just tell them to \u003cem>wait\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said that advice may be more palatable for some teens, and therefore easier for parents to deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not forbidding something (and possibly making it more enticing). They’re not saying “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Role of Parents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said parents should talk about drugs and alcohol with their kids often -- as early as fourth grade. Use the new billboards or marijuana ads as an excuse to bring up the topic. Broach the subject obliquely: \u003cem>What do people at your school think about those ads? Do any of your friends know what a dab actually is? Did you see this article on the seventh-grader getting expelled for pot in his locker? What do you think about that? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to what they say and discuss it. Don’t lecture, but be clear about your expectations, and your values around drugs and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At every school where Being Adept is taught, Grellman offers a “Parents Night” where parents can learn how to navigate those conversations. Some are encouraged when Grellman tells them that seemingly taboo subjects should be aired:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't hide Uncle Harry, who is the old drinker, you know? Don't be ashamed to talk. You talk about Uncle Harry all the time,” Grellman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because these kids need to know ‘If I have alcohol, it could be, like, I may have the alcoholic gene,’ ” she added. “It doesn't mean they're going to for sure, but they sure need a heads-up about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same approach can be used for mental illness: “You know, I have anxiety. Your father has this issue. So chances are you might be a little anxious at times, so how are you going to deal with this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just what parents say, it’s what they do, according to Grellman. Children are always watching how their parents use substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t glamorize it,” she advised. “It doesn't mean you have to become a monk and never have a drop of alcohol, but please drink responsibly. Never use it for stress control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of coming home from the office and saying ‘I've got to have my glass of wine’ ... if you want to have your glass of wine, have your glass of wine, but don't announce it! That you're just at wit's end, and you have to have this drink. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said the modeling part becomes tricky when kids ask parents about their past: Did \u003cem>you\u003c/em> party? What drugs did you use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she led the Parents Night in March at Marin Primary and Secondary, she advised the parents to get ready for that moment, and have answers prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what if we did party in high school?\u003c/em> Several parents ask. \u003cem>Should we lie?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely not, Grellman said, because if a kid senses dishonesty or hypocrisy, they’ll shut down. The most important thing is to keep the conversations going. If your child knows they can talk to you, no matter what, they will create a \"safety plan” with you. They will reach out to you when trouble comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what do we tell them then?\u003c/em> \u003cem>How can we be honest, without encouraging them?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't have to tell the full story,” Grellman said. “You could say: ‘You know, I did smoke and I did drink when I was 13.' And if you loved it, I don't know if I would advertise that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could say, ‘I did smoke, or I did drink, when I was 13. And you know, frankly? It was too early for me, man. I made some stupid decisions and I got in trouble.’ You can give them the consequences of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, parents said they felt relieved to have concrete suggestions about how to talk with their kids, and how much was OK to bring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's much more prevalent than it was when I was growing up in the '80s,” said Joseph Sullivan, a physician from Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a different time, and so it's nice to hear that we're almost given permission to be talking about these different aspects of drug experimentation at different ages,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Dr. Sara Sullivan, said she’s glad that the “Just Say No” paradigm is dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to give the kids more information, I think, is such a different way to approach it and I really appreciate that. And we've kind of started to have conversations in our family because of that,” she explained. “To really kind of take that approach and not be like ‘You're kind of out there on your own.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians legalized marijuana in 2016, with 57 percent of the vote. But the momentousness of that decision was somewhat lost in the drama of Donald Trump’s victory. Voters also had to wait over a year for full implementation, while state agencies crafted new regulations for quality, safety and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the social significance of the vote finally burst into view this Jan. 1, when eager customers -- who had lined up in the darkness outside medical marijuana dispensaries across the state -- streamed through the doors at the stroke of midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change hasn’t been confined to the cannabis cash register. Everyone has seen the advertising or heard the chatter -- and that includes minors, although marijuana remains illegal for those under 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of SFO airport, there are billboards for \u003ca href=\"https://www.eaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaze\u003c/a> that say ‘Marijuana is here,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/danielle.ramo-larios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Danielle Ramo\u003c/a>, a psychologist who conducts research at UCSF on adolescent drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure parents were expecting to see so many images of cannabis all over,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public schools in California are required by law to provide anti-drug abuse education, although experts say the quality of the instruction varies widely from district to district, and there’s little enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was curious to know how marijuana legalization was being discussed in schools, so I embedded with \u003ca href=\"http://livingadept.org/beingadept/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Being Adept\u003c/a>, an evidence-based curriculum that has been used in about 20 schools in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my surprise, I discovered that the rollout of legal recreational marijuana in California and other states hasn’t led to any big changes in substance abuse prevention. Drug educators have always covered both legal substances (alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs) and illicit ones (pot, ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, heroin, meth … ). Students have accessed, and abused, both categories of drugs for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I was more struck by the evolution of drug education since the 1980s. Today, drug abuse education is an advanced pedagogy, drawing on decades of rigorous effectiveness research and the newest teaching techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Just Say No” approach, popularized by Nancy Reagan, has been discredited. The PSAs that Gen-Xers may remember -- the egg in a frying pan (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOnENVylxPI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this is your brain on drugs\u003c/a>”), or the boy calling out his dad’s drug use (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkxCcXHwRkk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">I learned it by watching you!\u003c/a>”) -- live on as memes, but they’re no longer used as messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those scare-tactic-based programs have tended to quite clearly not work, based on most of the research that evaluated its effectiveness,” Ramo said. “Today there is an entirely different mindset about school-based prevention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Brady, a Being Adept instructor, was completely open about her method when she stood in front of the eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Middle School, a private school in Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not here to tell you what to do today. Not at all,” she began. “I'm here to give you the most up-to-date information possible so that you can make your own healthy, informed decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady then jump-started a fast-paced, fact-filled discussion on brain chemistry and physiology. There was an animated video about how marijuana affects dopamine pathways in the brain. Then a discussion about marijuana “edibles” and how they are metabolized by the liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can take up to 30 minutes to maybe even an hour or two before it really hits you,” she said. “When somebody eats an edible and they don't really feel the effects, what do you think happens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more!” a student called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more,” Brady nodded. “Yeah, an hour, an hour and a half later? Boom! Like a freight train, they've been hit, and, you know, can barely move or can barely talk. That kind of thing. So they may have to go to the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True, that sounds a \u003cem>little\u003c/em> scary, but it’s presented neutrally, as a consequence at the end of a sequence of decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_363549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-363549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Brady explains the increase over time in marijuana potency to a class of eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Secondary School in Larkspur. \u003ccite>(KQED/Carrie Feibel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where the legalization of the marijuana industry \u003cem>has\u003c/em> affected the content of these lessons is on the subject of potency. Brady tells the students that legalization has spurred competition and innovation among suppliers, to the point where they’re now churning out extremely potent and precisely calibrated forms of pot called “concentrates,” which comes in various forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady runs through their names: oil, bubble, shatter, wax and dabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They call it a ‘dab’ because one tiny little nail head [of it] -- I mean I'm talking like the end of my pinky -- one tiny little nail head is the same as three joints hitting the system all at once. So it’s a lot stronger than it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests of THC levels in marijuana samples over the years back this up. Whereas a typical joint in the '70s probably had a THC level of 4-5 percent, at best, growers are now breeding strains of cannabis that produce buds with THC levels as high as 20-30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the concentrates are in another category altogether. Processed concentrates sold at dispensaries now regularly test at 80, even 90 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not the same drug,” Brady tells them. People sometimes vomit from concentrates. Some people hallucinate and have even become psychotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, she adds, it can be addictive. Not just psychologically, but physically. People do go into THC withdrawal and do go to rehab for pot addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as she describes the transformation of marijuana from a relatively mild intoxicant to a potentially debilitating one, Brady never once says “that’s why you shouldn’t” or even “so please be careful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the students applauded this approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made you feel more mature, and that you're in control,\" said Devon Soofer, 13. “This [class] was actually telling you the long-term effects and what it can actually do to you. So it actually made you feel like ‘Wow, this is actually really bad,’ and not just being \u003cem>forced\u003c/em> not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later units in the Being Adept curriculum give students concrete tools: They rehearse what to do or say at parties, and talk about better ways to cope than using cannabis -- or any substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramo, who serves as a scientific advisor to Being Adept, decried “the overwhelming stress, anxiety, depression, suicidality that is so pervasive among teens in the United States today, especially in high-intensity educational areas, like a lot of schools in the Bay Area are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Addressing that problem is key,” she added, as is “having teens come up with solutions to manage their stress, that they actually would use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Delay, Delay, Delay” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if drug educators aren’t telling students “Don’t!” anymore, what exactly are they telling them to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>? As I observed, they’re not overtly telling them to do anything, because teens are naturally resistant to the authoritarian approach -- and some of them may resist to the point of doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying goal of drug education remains the same as before: keep children safe. The dangers of intoxicated driving, sexual assault, academic or athletic failure, social humiliation, social media embarrassment -- all of these do come up in the lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the instructors put a special emphasis on a less visible risk: the potential damage to their brains. And the science backs them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More research is coming out looking at the ways in which all different kinds of substances can hijack normal brain functioning, and particularly so in adolescence,” Danielle Ramo explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In heavily cannabis-using teens, there are some particularly important implications of using cannabis on the frontal lobe, and that interrupts a type of thinking called ‘executive functioning.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also worrisome is a substantial body of research showing that using any potentially addictive substance while the brain is still developing -- whether alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or other drug -- triggers neurological changes that can lead to addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earlier teens start using, the more heavily they use in adolescence, the more likely it is that they'll go on to have problems throughout their adulthood,” said Ramo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Adept instructors don’t say it outright, but the message is clear: If you’re not going to abstain, just push it off for a while. \u003cem>Your brain is too vulnerable right now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Grellman, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.jennifergrellman.com/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">psychotherapist\u003c/a> in Kentfield and the founder of Being Adept, sums up the strategy in three words, just like the “Just Say No” campaign: “Delay, delay, delay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way to handle that with your kids is to say: ‘You know, you don't have to use this now. Maybe you want to use it someday, but not today, not now. It will always be there.’ Just tell them to \u003cem>wait\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said that advice may be more palatable for some teens, and therefore easier for parents to deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not forbidding something (and possibly making it more enticing). They’re not saying “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Role of Parents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said parents should talk about drugs and alcohol with their kids often -- as early as fourth grade. Use the new billboards or marijuana ads as an excuse to bring up the topic. Broach the subject obliquely: \u003cem>What do people at your school think about those ads? Do any of your friends know what a dab actually is? Did you see this article on the seventh-grader getting expelled for pot in his locker? What do you think about that? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to what they say and discuss it. Don’t lecture, but be clear about your expectations, and your values around drugs and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At every school where Being Adept is taught, Grellman offers a “Parents Night” where parents can learn how to navigate those conversations. Some are encouraged when Grellman tells them that seemingly taboo subjects should be aired:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't hide Uncle Harry, who is the old drinker, you know? Don't be ashamed to talk. You talk about Uncle Harry all the time,” Grellman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because these kids need to know ‘If I have alcohol, it could be, like, I may have the alcoholic gene,’ ” she added. “It doesn't mean they're going to for sure, but they sure need a heads-up about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same approach can be used for mental illness: “You know, I have anxiety. Your father has this issue. So chances are you might be a little anxious at times, so how are you going to deal with this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just what parents say, it’s what they do, according to Grellman. Children are always watching how their parents use substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t glamorize it,” she advised. “It doesn't mean you have to become a monk and never have a drop of alcohol, but please drink responsibly. Never use it for stress control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of coming home from the office and saying ‘I've got to have my glass of wine’ ... if you want to have your glass of wine, have your glass of wine, but don't announce it! That you're just at wit's end, and you have to have this drink. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said the modeling part becomes tricky when kids ask parents about their past: Did \u003cem>you\u003c/em> party? What drugs did you use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she led the Parents Night in March at Marin Primary and Secondary, she advised the parents to get ready for that moment, and have answers prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what if we did party in high school?\u003c/em> Several parents ask. \u003cem>Should we lie?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely not, Grellman said, because if a kid senses dishonesty or hypocrisy, they’ll shut down. The most important thing is to keep the conversations going. If your child knows they can talk to you, no matter what, they will create a \"safety plan” with you. They will reach out to you when trouble comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what do we tell them then?\u003c/em> \u003cem>How can we be honest, without encouraging them?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't have to tell the full story,” Grellman said. “You could say: ‘You know, I did smoke and I did drink when I was 13.' And if you loved it, I don't know if I would advertise that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could say, ‘I did smoke, or I did drink, when I was 13. And you know, frankly? It was too early for me, man. I made some stupid decisions and I got in trouble.’ You can give them the consequences of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, parents said they felt relieved to have concrete suggestions about how to talk with their kids, and how much was OK to bring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's much more prevalent than it was when I was growing up in the '80s,” said Joseph Sullivan, a physician from Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a different time, and so it's nice to hear that we're almost given permission to be talking about these different aspects of drug experimentation at different ages,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Dr. Sara Sullivan, said she’s glad that the “Just Say No” paradigm is dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>California’s Opioid Crisis\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Marin County announced it will sue a dozen pharmaceutical companies for aggressively marketing highly addictive opioid medications. Thirty counties across California are separately suing drug companies to recoup tax dollars they’ve spent responding to the crisis. While opioid prescription rates have declined, overdose deaths continue to rise nationally. In California, more than 2,000 people died from opioid overdoses in 2016, according to the state’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Laura Klivans, KQED health reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Scott Steiger, UCSF associate professor of medicine and psychiatry\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brian Washington, Marin County counsel\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>U.S. Withdraws From Iran Nuclear Deal\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Tuesday, President Trump announced he will withdraw the U.S. from the Iran nuclear deal. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signed in 2015, the deal was one of President Barack Obama’s key foreign policy achievements and required that Iran never build nuclear weapons in exchange for the lifting of economic sanctions. We interview the director of Iranian Studies at Stanford University, Professor Abbas Milani.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Archer Team: Fighting Terror with Tech\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A group of UC Berkeley students are using their tech skills to fight terrorism. They created Archer, an online platform that offers tools to track connections between terror organizations and sanctions violations. The inspiration behind their nonprofit is personal for these students: in 2016, two of their classmates died in terrorist attacks in France and in Bangladesh. Today, nearly two dozen UC Berkeley students volunteer their time and skills at Archer, using data to fight human rights abuses, corruption and money laundering. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anjali Banerjee, UC Berkeley junior\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tyler Heintz, UC Berkeley junior\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alice Ma, UC Berkeley alumna\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "University of California Workers Start 3-Day Strike Over Pay",
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"content": "\u003cp>Thousands of custodians, security guards, gardeners and other service workers at University of California campuses started a three-day strike Monday to address pay inequalities and demand higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strikers gathered at sunrise on the 10 campuses throughout the state, wearing green T-shirts and carrying signs that call for \"equality, fairness, respect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike was called last week by American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees Local 3299, which represents 25,000 service workers, after the union and the university could not agree on a new contract and mediation efforts failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another 29,000 nurses, pharmacists, radiologists and other medical workers heeded the service workers' call for a sympathy strike and will join the walkouts Tuesday and Wednesday, which is expected to disrupt thousands of surgeries and other appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical center officials said they would continue to deliver essential patient care services, but hundreds of surgeries and thousands of appointments were rescheduled last week in anticipation of the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AFSCME spokesman John de los Angeles said the union wants the university to stop its outsourcing practices and address what it describes as widening income, racial and gender gaps for service workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are actively seeking to hire contract workers in favor of directly employed workers simply because they are cheaper and that is driving inequality,\" de los Angeles said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Todd Stenhouse, a spokesman for ASFCME Local 3299, said Sunday that the system's low-wage workers can't keep up with the state's rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these $35,000, $40,000-a-year career custodians do the most physically demanding jobs at UC, [and] UC wants to pay even less,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is happening, Stenhouse said, while University of California executives continue to make more money. ASFCME \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/39pjpl3gf26b93t/A3299_PioneeringInequality_WhitePaperNEW_Web_lo-res.pdf?dl=0\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">released a report last month\u003c/a> that found that the pay disparity between the highest-paid UC employees and the median worker grew between 2005 and 2015, and that top administrator salaries went up 64 percent during the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RadioDevin/status/993558967333732352\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stenhouse said that women and people of color are typically the most adversely affected by this type of wage disparity. \"What you have now is a university, a public university, that is literally becoming a monument to inequality in the state of California,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC spokeswoman Claire Doan said AFSCME service workers are already paid at or above market rates and that the union is demanding a nearly 20 percent pay raise over three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A disruptive demonstration will change neither UC's economic situation nor the university's position on AFSCME's unreasonable demands,\" Doan said about the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University officials said they have temporary workers to fill-in during the strike but that students should expect changes on shuttle routes, less food offerings at restaurants and other inconveniences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doan said the university is working hard to ensure patients and students receive services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RadioDevin/status/993559770299744257\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brenda Bishop, an administration worker at UC San Francisco's anesthesia department, joined hundreds of striking workers who played drums and chanted \"One, two, three, four, we won't take it anymore!\" outside one of the university's medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the big wigs get big-time bonuses and we're just here to demand what we deserve,\" Bishop said, who has worked at UCSF for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center, dozens of workers waved at honking cars as they marched along sidewalks hoisting pickets that said \"safe staffing now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The driver of an SUV was arrested after he slowly drove through a crowd of protesters blocking a street outside the medical center, said Los Angeles police officer Lizeth Lomeli. Video from the scene showed a demonstrator in a green shirt hanging onto the vehicle's hood as it moved through the gathering. No injuries were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley Sociology Professor Michael Burawoy, who said Sunday he expects to join picket lines this week, said some faculty plan to give student-protestors a chance to make up missed exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are definitely very sympathetic to the strike,\" Burawoy said, \"and many of these students, of course, come from a similar sort of background as the workers who are going to be striking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC system, which includes five medical centers and three national laboratories, has 190,000 faculty and staff and 238,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press and KQED's Peter Arcuni contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AFSCME spokesman John de los Angeles said the union wants the university to stop its outsourcing practices and address what it describes as widening income, racial and gender gaps for service workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are actively seeking to hire contract workers in favor of directly employed workers simply because they are cheaper and that is driving inequality,\" de los Angeles said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Todd Stenhouse, a spokesman for ASFCME Local 3299, said Sunday that the system's low-wage workers can't keep up with the state's rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these $35,000, $40,000-a-year career custodians do the most physically demanding jobs at UC, [and] UC wants to pay even less,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is happening, Stenhouse said, while University of California executives continue to make more money. ASFCME \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/39pjpl3gf26b93t/A3299_PioneeringInequality_WhitePaperNEW_Web_lo-res.pdf?dl=0\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">released a report last month\u003c/a> that found that the pay disparity between the highest-paid UC employees and the median worker grew between 2005 and 2015, and that top administrator salaries went up 64 percent during the same period.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Stenhouse said that women and people of color are typically the most adversely affected by this type of wage disparity. \"What you have now is a university, a public university, that is literally becoming a monument to inequality in the state of California,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC spokeswoman Claire Doan said AFSCME service workers are already paid at or above market rates and that the union is demanding a nearly 20 percent pay raise over three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A disruptive demonstration will change neither UC's economic situation nor the university's position on AFSCME's unreasonable demands,\" Doan said about the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University officials said they have temporary workers to fill-in during the strike but that students should expect changes on shuttle routes, less food offerings at restaurants and other inconveniences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doan said the university is working hard to ensure patients and students receive services.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Brenda Bishop, an administration worker at UC San Francisco's anesthesia department, joined hundreds of striking workers who played drums and chanted \"One, two, three, four, we won't take it anymore!\" outside one of the university's medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the big wigs get big-time bonuses and we're just here to demand what we deserve,\" Bishop said, who has worked at UCSF for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside UCLA Ronald Reagan Medical Center, dozens of workers waved at honking cars as they marched along sidewalks hoisting pickets that said \"safe staffing now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The driver of an SUV was arrested after he slowly drove through a crowd of protesters blocking a street outside the medical center, said Los Angeles police officer Lizeth Lomeli. Video from the scene showed a demonstrator in a green shirt hanging onto the vehicle's hood as it moved through the gathering. No injuries were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley Sociology Professor Michael Burawoy, who said Sunday he expects to join picket lines this week, said some faculty plan to give student-protestors a chance to make up missed exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are definitely very sympathetic to the strike,\" Burawoy said, \"and many of these students, of course, come from a similar sort of background as the workers who are going to be striking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC system, which includes five medical centers and three national laboratories, has 190,000 faculty and staff and 238,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press and KQED's Peter Arcuni contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Office of the Attorney General will investigate incidents of racism, discrimination and harassment at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Poly President Jeffrey Armstrong announced Friday \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/268041054/48640f88e3\">in a video posted online\u003c/a> that another incident of students wearing blackface has occurred at the university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said he was “disgusted” to learn of a private fraternity group Snapchat that appeared to imitate an \u003ca href=\"http://kcbx.org/post/cal-poly-fraternity-party-prompts-allegations-racism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">April 7 blackface incident\u003c/a> that triggered fraternity suspensions and campus protests. Armstrong said the administration learned of the matter through an “act of accountability” taken by other fraternity members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong and a university spokesperson did not share any other details of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am outraged,” Armstrong said in the video posted on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CalPoly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Poly’s Facebook page\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Our campus has experienced events that have hurt our community, that have hurt all of us. To our students, faculty and staff of color, you have especially been hurt by these incidents and your day-to-day struggle. To you, I want you to know we care. We care about you. We want our campus to be very safe, and it will be safe for you.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Armstrong also said the the “vile” and “unacceptable” acts “stem from the inability from any institution to adequately address historic and pervasive bias and inequities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This kind of behavior has no place at Cal Poly,” Armstrong said. “It has no home in our house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/268041054\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new incident of blackface, \u003ca href=\"http://kcbx.org/post/cal-poly-fraternity-party-prompts-allegations-racism#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as well as the April 7, 2018 Lambda Alpha Chi blackface incident\u003c/a> and reports from other fraternities and sororities, has all been handed over to the California attorney general’s office for investigation, according to Armstrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have reviewed these incidents through the lens of California State University Executive Order 1097 (our systemwide discrimination, harassment and retaliation policy for students) and have determined that a formal investigation is warranted,” Cal Poly spokesperson Matt Lazier said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to ensure a thorough, fair and neutral process, we have retained the California attorney general’s office to conduct the investigation pursuant to the procedure and policy set forth in \u003ca href=\"http://calstate.edu/EO/EO-1097.html\">CSU Executive Order 1097\u003c/a>. The attorney general’s office will also investigate whether Cal Poly’s fraternities and sororities have violated the CSU’s non-discrimination policy for student activities, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/eo/EO-1068.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set forth in CSU Executive Order 1068\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lazier said the university had no more information to share while the incidents are under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his taped message to the campus community, Armstrong said the university will report the results “as permissible by law” once the investigation is complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said it does not comment on client matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news was announced during two days of university-hosted diversity discussions intended to address recent racist incidents and student protests at Cal Poly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday afternoon, \u003ca href=\"https://president.calpoly.edu/bakerforum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Poly’s biannual Baker Forum\u003c/a> provided an opportunity to focus on the turmoil. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xx_kFtoX2cU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Poly hired diversity expert Kimberly McLaughlin-Smith to deliver the forum’s keynote address and moderate a panel that included José Navarro, assistant professor in the ethnic studies department; Leilani Hemmings Pallay, an ethnic studies student; Patrick Lin of the philosophy department; Stan Yoshinobu of the mathematics department; Bryan Hubain, assistant dean of students and director of the Cross Cultural Centers; and San Luis Obispo Mayor Heidi Harmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin-Smith is the \u003ca href=\"https://uncw.edu/diversity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diversity and inclusion specialist at the University of North Carolina-Wilmington.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I would like to work with you all and your administration is the art of negotiation,” McLaughlin-Smith said. “And your absolute right to ask for what you want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin-Smith was referring to a lengthy list of demands released by student group, the Drylongo Collective, that \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/376279953/Cal-Poly-Students-Demands-the-Drylongso-Collective#from_embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calls for the expulsion of several fraternity members, mandatory diversity training and more\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lazier said the university paid McLaughlin-Smith an “honorarium” of $5,000 to keynote the forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She brings a wealth of experience in and passion for diversity and inclusion work,” Lazier wrote in an email. “And her perspective has been and will continue to be very important to Cal Poly as the campus community moves forward in the healing process and as we continue with our campus climate and diversity and inclusion efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Office of the Attorney General will investigate incidents of racism, discrimination and harassment at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Poly President Jeffrey Armstrong announced Friday \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/268041054/48640f88e3\">in a video posted online\u003c/a> that another incident of students wearing blackface has occurred at the university.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said he was “disgusted” to learn of a private fraternity group Snapchat that appeared to imitate an \u003ca href=\"http://kcbx.org/post/cal-poly-fraternity-party-prompts-allegations-racism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">April 7 blackface incident\u003c/a> that triggered fraternity suspensions and campus protests. Armstrong said the administration learned of the matter through an “act of accountability” taken by other fraternity members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong and a university spokesperson did not share any other details of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am outraged,” Armstrong said in the video posted on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CalPoly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Poly’s Facebook page\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Our campus has experienced events that have hurt our community, that have hurt all of us. To our students, faculty and staff of color, you have especially been hurt by these incidents and your day-to-day struggle. To you, I want you to know we care. We care about you. We want our campus to be very safe, and it will be safe for you.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Armstrong also said the the “vile” and “unacceptable” acts “stem from the inability from any institution to adequately address historic and pervasive bias and inequities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This kind of behavior has no place at Cal Poly,” Armstrong said. “It has no home in our house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/268041054\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new incident of blackface, \u003ca href=\"http://kcbx.org/post/cal-poly-fraternity-party-prompts-allegations-racism#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as well as the April 7, 2018 Lambda Alpha Chi blackface incident\u003c/a> and reports from other fraternities and sororities, has all been handed over to the California attorney general’s office for investigation, according to Armstrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have reviewed these incidents through the lens of California State University Executive Order 1097 (our systemwide discrimination, harassment and retaliation policy for students) and have determined that a formal investigation is warranted,” Cal Poly spokesperson Matt Lazier said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to ensure a thorough, fair and neutral process, we have retained the California attorney general’s office to conduct the investigation pursuant to the procedure and policy set forth in \u003ca href=\"http://calstate.edu/EO/EO-1097.html\">CSU Executive Order 1097\u003c/a>. The attorney general’s office will also investigate whether Cal Poly’s fraternities and sororities have violated the CSU’s non-discrimination policy for student activities, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/eo/EO-1068.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set forth in CSU Executive Order 1068\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lazier said the university had no more information to share while the incidents are under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his taped message to the campus community, Armstrong said the university will report the results “as permissible by law” once the investigation is complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said it does not comment on client matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news was announced during two days of university-hosted diversity discussions intended to address recent racist incidents and student protests at Cal Poly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday afternoon, \u003ca href=\"https://president.calpoly.edu/bakerforum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Poly’s biannual Baker Forum\u003c/a> provided an opportunity to focus on the turmoil. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/xx_kFtoX2cU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/xx_kFtoX2cU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Cal Poly hired diversity expert Kimberly McLaughlin-Smith to deliver the forum’s keynote address and moderate a panel that included José Navarro, assistant professor in the ethnic studies department; Leilani Hemmings Pallay, an ethnic studies student; Patrick Lin of the philosophy department; Stan Yoshinobu of the mathematics department; Bryan Hubain, assistant dean of students and director of the Cross Cultural Centers; and San Luis Obispo Mayor Heidi Harmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin-Smith is the \u003ca href=\"https://uncw.edu/diversity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diversity and inclusion specialist at the University of North Carolina-Wilmington.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I would like to work with you all and your administration is the art of negotiation,” McLaughlin-Smith said. “And your absolute right to ask for what you want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin-Smith was referring to a lengthy list of demands released by student group, the Drylongo Collective, that \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/376279953/Cal-Poly-Students-Demands-the-Drylongso-Collective#from_embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calls for the expulsion of several fraternity members, mandatory diversity training and more\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lazier said the university paid McLaughlin-Smith an “honorarium” of $5,000 to keynote the forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She brings a wealth of experience in and passion for diversity and inclusion work,” Lazier wrote in an email. “And her perspective has been and will continue to be very important to Cal Poly as the campus community moves forward in the healing process and as we continue with our campus climate and diversity and inclusion efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Thousands of University of California Service Workers Set to Strike",
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"content": "\u003cp>Service workers at University of California campuses across the state are planning to strike early Monday morning over alleged wage inequality. Workers are demanding increases in pay, affordable health care and job security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the thousands expected on picket lines are UC custodians, food service workers, security guards and parking attendants. Nurses and other patient care staff from UC hospitals are set to begin sympathy strikes on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Todd Stenhouse, a spokesman for \u003ca href=\"https://afscme3299.org/\">ASFCME Local 3299\u003c/a>, the union that represents UC service workers, says the system's low-wage workers can't keep up with the state's rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these $35,000, $40,000-a-year career custodians do the most physically demanding jobs at UC, [and] UC wants to pay even less,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is happening, he says, while University of California executives continue to make more money. ASFCME released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/39pjpl3gf26b93t/A3299_PioneeringInequality_WhitePaperNEW_Web_lo-res.pdf?dl=0\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report last month\u003c/a> that found that the pay disparity between the highest-paid UC employees and the median worker grew between 2005 and 2015, and that top administrator salaries went up 64 percent during the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stenhouse says that women and people of color are typically the most adversely affected by this type of wage disparity. \"What you have now is a university, a public university, that is literally becoming a monument to inequality in the state of California,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, UC spokeswoman Claire Doan called the union's demands \"unreasonable,\" and noted that labor is the \"largest single expense in UC's budget.\" The statement said the three-day planned walkouts will be a disruption for students on campus, many of whom have final exams scheduled for this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley sociology professor Michael Burawoy, who expects to join picket lines this week, says some faculty plan to give student-protestors a chance to make up missed exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are definitely very sympathetic to the strike,\" Burawoy said, \"and many of these students, of course, come from a similar sort of background as the workers who are going to be striking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some students, like conservation resource studies major Grace Ferguson, say they're more focused on finals than on walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really enjoy that this campus is really involved in a lot of social movements\", Ferguson said, \"but I really am frustrated when they make going to school harder.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike is expected to continue through Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Service workers at University of California campuses across the state are planning to strike early Monday morning over alleged wage inequality. Workers are demanding increases in pay, affordable health care and job security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the thousands expected on picket lines are UC custodians, food service workers, security guards and parking attendants. Nurses and other patient care staff from UC hospitals are set to begin sympathy strikes on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Todd Stenhouse, a spokesman for \u003ca href=\"https://afscme3299.org/\">ASFCME Local 3299\u003c/a>, the union that represents UC service workers, says the system's low-wage workers can't keep up with the state's rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have these $35,000, $40,000-a-year career custodians do the most physically demanding jobs at UC, [and] UC wants to pay even less,\" Stenhouse said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is happening, he says, while University of California executives continue to make more money. ASFCME released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/39pjpl3gf26b93t/A3299_PioneeringInequality_WhitePaperNEW_Web_lo-res.pdf?dl=0\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">report last month\u003c/a> that found that the pay disparity between the highest-paid UC employees and the median worker grew between 2005 and 2015, and that top administrator salaries went up 64 percent during the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stenhouse says that women and people of color are typically the most adversely affected by this type of wage disparity. \"What you have now is a university, a public university, that is literally becoming a monument to inequality in the state of California,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, UC spokeswoman Claire Doan called the union's demands \"unreasonable,\" and noted that labor is the \"largest single expense in UC's budget.\" The statement said the three-day planned walkouts will be a disruption for students on campus, many of whom have final exams scheduled for this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley sociology professor Michael Burawoy, who expects to join picket lines this week, says some faculty plan to give student-protestors a chance to make up missed exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are definitely very sympathetic to the strike,\" Burawoy said, \"and many of these students, of course, come from a similar sort of background as the workers who are going to be striking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some students, like conservation resource studies major Grace Ferguson, say they're more focused on finals than on walkouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really enjoy that this campus is really involved in a lot of social movements\", Ferguson said, \"but I really am frustrated when they make going to school harder.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strike is expected to continue through Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "African-American Girls Share Their #MeToo Moments at Oakland High Schools",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent evening, Oakland high school girls trickled into a squat portable classroom in a city park to laugh, bond and work on a research project. The group, here for their after-school program run by \u003ca href=\"https://girlsinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Girls Inc.\u003c/a>, chose a harsh topic this semester: rape culture and the over-sexualization of girls of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one that resonates with many of the young women here, because sexual harassment is a part of their lives ... at school. Chrisiana Vaughn, a sophomore at Skyline High School, steps into a quiet room to talk about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11666550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrisiana Vaughn is among a group of Oakland teen girls who participate in an after-school program run by Girls Inc. of Alameda County. This semester they’re researching rape culture and the over-sexualization of girls. \u003ccite>(Lee Romney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I would be walking to class and I wouldn't want to be bothered or anything, and somebody will come up to me and hug me,” she shares. “I’d be like, ‘OK, enough is enough, like stop hugging me.' And then they keep hugging me and keep hugging me and won't let me go. Then it gets to the point, like, 'OK, I said stop. Like, stop.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana is 16 with long hair and a big, warm smile. She says boys often grope and touch girls without their consent while in class. But she’s seen the girls get in trouble when they get fed up and lash out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The teacher will have to send her out,\" Chrisiana says, “instead of, like, asking the boy, ‘What are you doing?’ And sending him out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the steady stream of sexualized name calling. “Almost every corner you turn,” Chrisiana explains, “you could hear a boy calling a girl a ‘ho.’ I have never heard a teacher ever say, ‘Hey, don't call her a ‘ho.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about Chrisiana’s descriptions of harassment, Skyline High School co-principal Nancy Bloom says teachers and staff at Skyline are on the lookout, and when “we know about it, see it, witness it, we absolutely deal with it.” If teachers send girls out of class, she adds, it’s to help maintain a calm learning environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bloom agrees that sexual harassment occurs at Skyline -- and by her guess, at just about every high school in the country -- and adults have an obligation to help students “learn the right way to navigate the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana’s experiences, it turns out, are fairly common districtwide, at least for some students. A few years ago, the Oakland Unified School District participated in a study to better understand the experiences of girls of color. It was conducted by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alliance4girls.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alliance for Girls\u003c/a>, an Oakland-based nonprofit that brings together dozens of organizations that serve girls in the Bay Area, including the one Chrisiana belongs to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://agi.memberclicks.net/assets/docs/Alliance-docs/valuing%20girls%20voices%20-%20the%20lived%20experiences%20of%20girls%20of%20color%20in%20ousd.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study was released\u003c/a> in 2016. Its most unexpected finding? Most of the girls who took part in focus groups relayed experiences with sexual harassment, according to Alliance for Girls Executive Director Emma Mayerson. And African-American girls in particular reported being punished and misunderstood when they tried to stand up for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana wasn’t part of the focus groups, but she echoed the findings in just about every way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“African-American girls,” she says, “it happens to us so often, it's a part of our daily lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11666551\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emma Mayerson, executive director of the Oakland-based Alliance for Girls, explains her organization’s work on a new Oakland Unified School District sexual harassment policy to a group of educators and advocates who interact with girls of color. \u003ccite>(Lee Romney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a recent training for educators and advocates throughout the Bay Area who interact with girls of color, Mayerson talked about the study’s findings, as well as the changes they spurred. In focus groups, she told the lunchtime gathering, the girls “spoke to everything from pinching and touching and slapping asses, and also feeling really betrayed by the adults in their life for not stepping in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the study proved a turning point for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayerson said sexual harassment is endemic in schools across the country. “What’s different about Oakland Unified is they chose to face that reality, and even more so to work with us in passing a new sexual harassment policy that was deeply responsive to what young women of color were saying,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s Board of Education \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwPfsT7_SGtuVFBjcHRrcTRmeDA/view\">passed the new policy last summer\u003c/a>, with a ton of input from community groups, district officials and the girls themselves. It spells out what constitutes harassment -- from unwanted leering and name-calling, to spreading of sexual rumors and, of course, battery. Schools have to provide mental health support to accusers, and look into whether there’s a systemic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And students who file complaints now have a right to know what’s happening throughout the process. Because under the old policy, Mayerson said, “they’d report an incident and then just not hear back, not hear back, not hear back. Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing the culture across schools sounds challenging for a district facing a serious budget crisis. But the students are leading the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the report’s release, Oakland Unified launched an initiative called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/domain/4434\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African American Female Excellence\u003c/a> to focus on the needs of girls. (It’s a counterpart to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African American Male Achievement\u003c/a>, the district’s decade-long effort to support and nurture black boys.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African American Female Excellence is run by Nzingha Dugas, who plans to soon dispatch young women from her program into the schools. They’ll serve as peer educators or trainers to lead workshops and help craft skits about sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we can do,” Dugas said at her office at a West Oakland Middle School, “is we can create a culture of learning and understanding and support, and it makes it OK and safe for the adults to say, 'Actually this is not tolerable, but not only that, we’re gonna teach you what is the right behavior.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already trained 95 percent of its school principals on the new policy, according to a spokesman. And Skyline’s Nancy Bloom will get trained later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I talked to Skyline sophomore Chrisiana Vaughn, she was skeptical that much could change. Then, she let herself begin to imagine what a school free from sexual harassment might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like we would be able to walk around the school, like, without our backpacks hanging down low to cover us,” Chrisiana says, “or, you know, having to be aware of who's around you all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks ago, Chrisiana made a big decision. She left Skyline High School. She’s now attending a \u003ca href=\"http://mentor.org/emerge/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">continuation school for girls\u003c/a> only so she can catch up on credits with what she says are way fewer distractions. This fall, she plans to enroll in an Oakland charter school.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent evening, Oakland high school girls trickled into a squat portable classroom in a city park to laugh, bond and work on a research project. The group, here for their after-school program run by \u003ca href=\"https://girlsinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Girls Inc.\u003c/a>, chose a harsh topic this semester: rape culture and the over-sexualization of girls of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one that resonates with many of the young women here, because sexual harassment is a part of their lives ... at school. Chrisiana Vaughn, a sophomore at Skyline High School, steps into a quiet room to talk about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11666550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30667_GirlsIncGroup-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrisiana Vaughn is among a group of Oakland teen girls who participate in an after-school program run by Girls Inc. of Alameda County. This semester they’re researching rape culture and the over-sexualization of girls. \u003ccite>(Lee Romney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I would be walking to class and I wouldn't want to be bothered or anything, and somebody will come up to me and hug me,” she shares. “I’d be like, ‘OK, enough is enough, like stop hugging me.' And then they keep hugging me and keep hugging me and won't let me go. Then it gets to the point, like, 'OK, I said stop. Like, stop.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana is 16 with long hair and a big, warm smile. She says boys often grope and touch girls without their consent while in class. But she’s seen the girls get in trouble when they get fed up and lash out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The teacher will have to send her out,\" Chrisiana says, “instead of, like, asking the boy, ‘What are you doing?’ And sending him out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the steady stream of sexualized name calling. “Almost every corner you turn,” Chrisiana explains, “you could hear a boy calling a girl a ‘ho.’ I have never heard a teacher ever say, ‘Hey, don't call her a ‘ho.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about Chrisiana’s descriptions of harassment, Skyline High School co-principal Nancy Bloom says teachers and staff at Skyline are on the lookout, and when “we know about it, see it, witness it, we absolutely deal with it.” If teachers send girls out of class, she adds, it’s to help maintain a calm learning environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bloom agrees that sexual harassment occurs at Skyline -- and by her guess, at just about every high school in the country -- and adults have an obligation to help students “learn the right way to navigate the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana’s experiences, it turns out, are fairly common districtwide, at least for some students. A few years ago, the Oakland Unified School District participated in a study to better understand the experiences of girls of color. It was conducted by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alliance4girls.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alliance for Girls\u003c/a>, an Oakland-based nonprofit that brings together dozens of organizations that serve girls in the Bay Area, including the one Chrisiana belongs to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://agi.memberclicks.net/assets/docs/Alliance-docs/valuing%20girls%20voices%20-%20the%20lived%20experiences%20of%20girls%20of%20color%20in%20ousd.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study was released\u003c/a> in 2016. Its most unexpected finding? Most of the girls who took part in focus groups relayed experiences with sexual harassment, according to Alliance for Girls Executive Director Emma Mayerson. And African-American girls in particular reported being punished and misunderstood when they tried to stand up for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrisiana wasn’t part of the focus groups, but she echoed the findings in just about every way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“African-American girls,” she says, “it happens to us so often, it's a part of our daily lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11666551\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30668_Alliance4GirlsTrainingEmma-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emma Mayerson, executive director of the Oakland-based Alliance for Girls, explains her organization’s work on a new Oakland Unified School District sexual harassment policy to a group of educators and advocates who interact with girls of color. \u003ccite>(Lee Romney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a recent training for educators and advocates throughout the Bay Area who interact with girls of color, Mayerson talked about the study’s findings, as well as the changes they spurred. In focus groups, she told the lunchtime gathering, the girls “spoke to everything from pinching and touching and slapping asses, and also feeling really betrayed by the adults in their life for not stepping in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the study proved a turning point for the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayerson said sexual harassment is endemic in schools across the country. “What’s different about Oakland Unified is they chose to face that reality, and even more so to work with us in passing a new sexual harassment policy that was deeply responsive to what young women of color were saying,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s Board of Education \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwPfsT7_SGtuVFBjcHRrcTRmeDA/view\">passed the new policy last summer\u003c/a>, with a ton of input from community groups, district officials and the girls themselves. It spells out what constitutes harassment -- from unwanted leering and name-calling, to spreading of sexual rumors and, of course, battery. Schools have to provide mental health support to accusers, and look into whether there’s a systemic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And students who file complaints now have a right to know what’s happening throughout the process. Because under the old policy, Mayerson said, “they’d report an incident and then just not hear back, not hear back, not hear back. Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing the culture across schools sounds challenging for a district facing a serious budget crisis. But the students are leading the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the report’s release, Oakland Unified launched an initiative called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/domain/4434\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African American Female Excellence\u003c/a> to focus on the needs of girls. (It’s a counterpart to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ousd.org/Page/495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African American Male Achievement\u003c/a>, the district’s decade-long effort to support and nurture black boys.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African American Female Excellence is run by Nzingha Dugas, who plans to soon dispatch young women from her program into the schools. They’ll serve as peer educators or trainers to lead workshops and help craft skits about sexual harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we can do,” Dugas said at her office at a West Oakland Middle School, “is we can create a culture of learning and understanding and support, and it makes it OK and safe for the adults to say, 'Actually this is not tolerable, but not only that, we’re gonna teach you what is the right behavior.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already trained 95 percent of its school principals on the new policy, according to a spokesman. And Skyline’s Nancy Bloom will get trained later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I talked to Skyline sophomore Chrisiana Vaughn, she was skeptical that much could change. Then, she let herself begin to imagine what a school free from sexual harassment might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like we would be able to walk around the school, like, without our backpacks hanging down low to cover us,” Chrisiana says, “or, you know, having to be aware of who's around you all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks ago, Chrisiana made a big decision. She left Skyline High School. She’s now attending a \u003ca href=\"http://mentor.org/emerge/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">continuation school for girls\u003c/a> only so she can catch up on credits with what she says are way fewer distractions. This fall, she plans to enroll in an Oakland charter school.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1993, former KQED reporter Harry Lin visited Fremont High School in Oakland to see how students were using the latest technologies. Here’s an excerpt of what Lin first reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“MTV, Nintendo, virtual reality games. It’s the kids, not the grandparents who program the VCR. Kids carry pagers, even when their parents don’t. They seem to be plugged in and wired all the time, everywhere.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plugged in and wired all the time. But Lin also wondered if that was enough to help students at the time think about a future where they could be the creators of technology. At least one teacher in the piece remarked that he felt students had a surface understanding of technology. \u003cem>“They know what video games are … MTV. You get about 3 seconds of attention, and then they move on.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I decided to go back to Fremont High to see if anything has changed, and I found that the school almost feels like reporter Harry Lin described it 25 years ago:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“There’s a wrought-iron fence encircling the school here in the working-class flatlands of East Oakland,” remarked Lin in his story. “Aggressively plain buildings and a smattering of temporary trailers turned permanent classrooms hunker down inside the encampment. The green windbreakers the guards wear say “security” across the back. Armed with walkie talkies, they patrol the fences’ gates … the grounds’ walkways … the buildings’ stairwells.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trailers are gone, but the wrought-iron fence is still there, and so are the security guards. The day before my visit, the school was on lockdown. A student brought a gun to school. Media studies teacher Jasmene Miranda is doing her best to get things back to normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK, I’m going to lock this door so that we don’t have any more interruptions!” Miranda yells. She’s been planning this day for months — a special demo for her Media Academy class. It’s a hackathon — where her students will come up with ways to use augmented and virtual reality to improve their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Pantaleon, 18, quickly finishes up a game of Fortnite with his friends and directs his attention to Miranda and a presenter from a virtual reality company. The idea of virtual reality excites him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students in the Media Academy at Fremont High School in East Oakland work on a solution for a community problem using virtual reality. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Well, the thing is real life kinda sometimes stinks sometimes, and we need to get away and have a little bit of fun time,” Pantaleon says with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666036\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/FranciscoPic-e1525383257847.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Francisco Pantaleon, 18, wants to be a video game designer one day. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pantaleon wants to be a video game designer one day. But Miranda is hoping this VR demo will get Pantaleon and his classmates thinking about other possibilities, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can we build, what can we do with it? What can we be on the back end? We can be the creators,” Miranda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a thought process Miranda wishes she had when she was a student here in ‘93. When KQED visited Fremont High that same year, the school’s Media Academy was hailed as a program teaching kids about the latest in technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think of what was available back then, we didn’t really have access to that,” Miranda says. “There was a mention of VR, and I do remember the discussions back then. I can’t remember if it was SEGA or Nintendo, there was a glove, the Power Glove! We didn’t have access to stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666035\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot.jpeg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-160x56.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-240x84.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-375x131.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-520x182.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Jasmene Miranda in the ’90s during her time as a student at Fremont High School in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jasmene Miranda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Media Academy at Fremont High did teach students back then how to create their own publications and tell their stories through radio and video. But in light of the flood of technological advances and startup culture in the Silicon Valley that followed, Miranda wonders if they were taught the right thing. She listened to that old KQED story and felt an unexpected wave of emotion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Relistening to the original, I laughed, and then I was sad because I don’t think that things have changed much,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>They Live in a Real World\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666034\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 445px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666034\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993.jpg 445w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-375x249.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher and Fremont High school alumna Jasmene Miranda and her classmates back in 1993. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jasmene Miranda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s how Lin described the students’ lives in 1993:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“These students live in a real, as well as the virtual world. That real world harbors family money problems, racial discrimination and impoverished schools.” Teacher Steve O’Donahue: “Most of the students here don’t have personal computers at home, they don’t have modems … they don’t have the basic tools to access the knowledge, the superhighway.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miranda says her students today still live in that real world. Fremont High struggles with attendance problems and low test scores. And Miranda knows the reasons behind those numbers. These students deal with all sorts of things outside of school, like violence and poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, we have computers, but the amount of students in my academy that actually have access to the internet at home is not as high as you would think it is. So they’re using their cellphone on campus using our Wi-Fi signal, and sometimes they may have a cellphone, but that doesn’t mean that their cellphone is actually operating,” Miranda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most eager students in the piece from 1993 was Benjamin Brooks. Miranda helped me track him down through Facebook. KQED’s Lin said Brooks didn’t have a cellphone, but he was a tech head nonetheless. Here’s Brooks, 17, back then:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“Technology is just to make everything easier, you know. Computers are an easier way of filing and storing information. So I think it’s you know, just another stair step. Who knows what we’ll be able to do later on.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To hear my voice, being so young. It really took me back,” Brooks laughed during a recent phone conversation. Brooks now lives in Sacramento and works as a program technician for the California Bureau of Automotive Repair. And he’s happy with what he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I asked if it had ever crossed his mind back then, the possibility that he or his classmates or friends could be a part of creating technology in Silicon Valley, he got really quiet, and then said this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where I grew up at, I represent the area of people where we are just going to consume. So we get information, enough information so that we can perpetually consume and teach our kids how to consume, and the curriculum that we have leads to us consuming, not inventing and creating. And it’s a cog in the machine that keeps certain things in play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brooks says he’s proud that Jasmene Miranda is getting kids to think of themselves as more than passive consumers. And Miranda says, while all of her students may not make the connections right now, she believes by planting the seeds, one day, they will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666048\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666048\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/JasmeneVR-e1525384203503.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Jasmene Miranda working with a student on a virtual reality project. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Maybe they’re in college, and they meet up with someone in their dorm room, and they decide they want to develop an app — and they create a company, and they make sure they hire more youth of Oakland, and they start listening to pitches like what they experieneced today,” Miranda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just maybe — 25 years from now — we’ll be telling that story.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trailers are gone, but the wrought-iron fence is still there, and so are the security guards. The day before my visit, the school was on lockdown. A student brought a gun to school. Media studies teacher Jasmene Miranda is doing her best to get things back to normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK, I’m going to lock this door so that we don’t have any more interruptions!” Miranda yells. She’s been planning this day for months — a special demo for her Media Academy class. It’s a hackathon — where her students will come up with ways to use augmented and virtual reality to improve their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Pantaleon, 18, quickly finishes up a game of Fortnite with his friends and directs his attention to Miranda and a presenter from a virtual reality company. The idea of virtual reality excites him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/FremontStudentsWorking-e1525383096344.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students in the Media Academy at Fremont High School in East Oakland work on a solution for a community problem using virtual reality. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Well, the thing is real life kinda sometimes stinks sometimes, and we need to get away and have a little bit of fun time,” Pantaleon says with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666036\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666036\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/FranciscoPic-e1525383257847.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Francisco Pantaleon, 18, wants to be a video game designer one day. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pantaleon wants to be a video game designer one day. But Miranda is hoping this VR demo will get Pantaleon and his classmates thinking about other possibilities, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can we build, what can we do with it? What can we be on the back end? We can be the creators,” Miranda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a thought process Miranda wishes she had when she was a student here in ‘93. When KQED visited Fremont High that same year, the school’s Media Academy was hailed as a program teaching kids about the latest in technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think of what was available back then, we didn’t really have access to that,” Miranda says. “There was a mention of VR, and I do remember the discussions back then. I can’t remember if it was SEGA or Nintendo, there was a glove, the Power Glove! We didn’t have access to stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666035\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot.jpeg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-160x56.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-240x84.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-375x131.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ThreeShot-520x182.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Jasmene Miranda in the ’90s during her time as a student at Fremont High School in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jasmene Miranda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Media Academy at Fremont High did teach students back then how to create their own publications and tell their stories through radio and video. But in light of the flood of technological advances and startup culture in the Silicon Valley that followed, Miranda wonders if they were taught the right thing. She listened to that old KQED story and felt an unexpected wave of emotion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Relistening to the original, I laughed, and then I was sad because I don’t think that things have changed much,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>They Live in a Real World\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666034\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 445px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11666034\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993.jpg 445w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Jasmene1993-375x249.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher and Fremont High school alumna Jasmene Miranda and her classmates back in 1993. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jasmene Miranda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s how Lin described the students’ lives in 1993:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“These students live in a real, as well as the virtual world. That real world harbors family money problems, racial discrimination and impoverished schools.” Teacher Steve O’Donahue: “Most of the students here don’t have personal computers at home, they don’t have modems … they don’t have the basic tools to access the knowledge, the superhighway.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miranda says her students today still live in that real world. Fremont High struggles with attendance problems and low test scores. And Miranda knows the reasons behind those numbers. These students deal with all sorts of things outside of school, like violence and poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, we have computers, but the amount of students in my academy that actually have access to the internet at home is not as high as you would think it is. So they’re using their cellphone on campus using our Wi-Fi signal, and sometimes they may have a cellphone, but that doesn’t mean that their cellphone is actually operating,” Miranda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most eager students in the piece from 1993 was Benjamin Brooks. Miranda helped me track him down through Facebook. KQED’s Lin said Brooks didn’t have a cellphone, but he was a tech head nonetheless. Here’s Brooks, 17, back then:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“Technology is just to make everything easier, you know. Computers are an easier way of filing and storing information. So I think it’s you know, just another stair step. Who knows what we’ll be able to do later on.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To hear my voice, being so young. It really took me back,” Brooks laughed during a recent phone conversation. Brooks now lives in Sacramento and works as a program technician for the California Bureau of Automotive Repair. And he’s happy with what he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I asked if it had ever crossed his mind back then, the possibility that he or his classmates or friends could be a part of creating technology in Silicon Valley, he got really quiet, and then said this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where I grew up at, I represent the area of people where we are just going to consume. So we get information, enough information so that we can perpetually consume and teach our kids how to consume, and the curriculum that we have leads to us consuming, not inventing and creating. And it’s a cog in the machine that keeps certain things in play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brooks says he’s proud that Jasmene Miranda is getting kids to think of themselves as more than passive consumers. 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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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