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"slug": "childhood-trauma-can-mean-early-death-this-california-mom-wants-to-beat-the-odds",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]motional neglect, physical abuse, divorce, a household riven by addiction — science shows that traumas like these in childhood cause poorer health later in life, both mentally and physically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9635069\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The first research\u003c/a> was conducted in the late 1990s and recently popularized by San Francisco pediatrician and author \u003ca href=\"https://www.ted.com/talks/nadine_burke_harris_how_childhood_trauma_affects_health_across_a_lifetime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nadine Burke Harris\u003c/a>. Doctors behind the first study dubbed these childhood traumas “adverse childhood experiences,” or ACEs, and devised a measurement scale: For each negative experience a person had, his or her “ACE score” would go up by 1 point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full range of the ACEs scale goes from zero (no ACEs) to 10 (a person who has experienced all 10 categories of adversity). You can find out your own ACE score by completing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncjfcj.org/sites/default/files/Finding%20Your%20ACE%20Score.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ACEs questionnaire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person with four or more ACEs has more than five times the risk of depression, four times the risk for chronic lung disease and double the risk for cancer. An ACE score of six or more shortens life expectancy by \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19840693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 years\u003c/a> on average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687836 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina Hanes is just 33, but has the medical record of someone twice her age. She recently learned these issues may be linked to the trauma she went through as a kid. To prevent further health issues, she's built a routine focused on education, exercise, and building community.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina Hanes is just 33, but has the medical record of someone twice her age. She recently learned these issues may be linked to the trauma she went through as a kid. To prevent further health issues, she’s built a routine focused on education, exercise and building community. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So what does someone do if they learn they have a high ACE score? Doctors say there are several ways to intervene, and while it’s more effective to intervene when people are young, adults can still work to heal the wounds of their past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are specific therapies that can help, such as \u003ca href=\"https://childtrauma.ucsf.edu/child-parent-psychotherapy-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Child Parent Psychotherapy\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pcit.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parent-Child Interaction Therapy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re aimed at parents who have high ACE scores and want to make sure their children have a fulfilling childhood. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online communities\u003c/a> for practitioners and people looking for resources. Doctors also recommend other stress-relieving activities: better sleep, regular exercise, meditation, good nutrition and a focus on building healthy relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabrina Hanes lives with her 4-year-old daughter, Aroara, in Paradise, California, a small Butte County town set among pine and oak trees. Sabrina is 33 now, but her youth was rife with pain, and her ACE score is 8 out of 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She got involved in drugs in her early adulthood and was in and out of jail, but 10 years ago she committed to changing her life. She’s been sober since she was 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, she looks at life as “something amazing and beautiful.” Health reporter Laura Klivans and photographer Anne Wernikoff both spent time following Sabrina and her daughter, Aroara, through their day, to see how Sabrina maintains a hopeful and resilient attitude despite the legacy of her painful past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687832\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara in their two-bedroom home in Paradise, CA.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara in their two-bedroom home in Paradise, California. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina plays with her 4-year-old daughter, Aroara, in their home. Sabrina is working toward a bachelor’s degree in child development at Chico State. She carefully chooses toys and games she feels will challenge her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687837 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina had always wanted to be a mom, but she was scared to repeat the behavior of her own parents. Her experience with her daughter Aroara, however, has allayed those fears. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina had always wanted to be a mom, but she was scared to repeat the behavior of her own parents. Her experience with her daughter, Aroara, however, has allayed those fears. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina’s refrigerator is decorated with photos of Aroara at various ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emotionally neglected as a child, Sabrina reminds Aroara regularly how much she cares for and loves her. Her daughter’s name means “dawn,” but is spelled atypically to include “roar,” which Sabrina says is very fitting for her outgoing daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687897 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Mother and daughter head out for the day.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-960x635.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mother and daughter head out for the day. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara buckle up before driving to the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.youth4change.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth for Change\u003c/a>, where Sabrina works as a volunteer teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabrina first connected with the nonprofit when she was pregnant with Aroara. She was reluctant at first, but now says the staff members are “like family.” The consistent relationships she has developed with them have helped turn her life around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687899\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687899 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina runs a science project with toddlers. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina runs a science project with toddlers. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Youth for Change, Sabrina leads the same class she used to take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toddlers and their caregivers gather each Monday for activities that build social and emotional skills. Sabrina has added school-readiness activities to the curriculum that is otherwise focused on social and emotional growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687840\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687840 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara outside their home.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara outside their home. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After class and a walk to a nearby pond, Sabrina and Aroara head home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved into this house just before Aroara’s first birthday. Although the home needs some repairs, Sabrina loves having a consistent refuge so close to nature. In her own childhood, Sabrina moved several times, bouncing between her mother and father, who’d gone through an acrimonious divorce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687838 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Midday down-time for Sabrina and Aroara.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Midday downtime for Sabrina and Aroara. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina eats a lunch of leftover rice, quinoa and tortilla chips while she and Aroara take a break at midday to watch “The Emoji Movie,” Aroara’s current favorite. Because of her multiple health issues, Sabrina has many dietary restrictions, and she has trouble affording food she can eat on a fixed income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I usually go without, to make sure Aroara is taken care of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687841 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara love spending time outside on hikes and in Paradise's parks.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1200x796.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara love spending time outside on hikes and in Paradise’s parks. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara hit their favorite playground after lunch. Sabrina spends all her time with her daughter, except when she’s taking classes at Chico State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she was that age, Sabrina often had to fend for herself, which left her vulnerable to abuse. She is committed to giving Aroara a different experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687842 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Regular exercise helps Sabrina maintain a calm mind despite the mental health problem she had in the past. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager and once took medications. Now, however, she manages her mood through diet and exercise. \" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1200x829.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1180x815.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-960x663.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Regular exercise helps Sabrina maintain a calm mind despite the mental health problem she had in the past. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager and once took medications. Now, however, she manages her mood through diet and exercise.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara spend the afternoon and early evening at Positive-I, a dance and circus arts studio. Sabrina practices on the aerial hoop with her dance partner, Storrie Morrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve made a lot of really strong connections with women that are very empowering and uplifting,” Sabrina said. Aroara attends classes for kids, and afterward plays near her mom and other dancers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687905 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-800x510.jpg\" alt='Sabrina in an upside-down \"Lady in the Moon\" pose on her aerial hoop. ' width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-960x612.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-240x153.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-375x239.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina in an upside-down “Lady in the Moon” pose on her aerial hoop. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since she began studying aerial hoop last year, Sabrina has become a dedicated practitioner, and she works out at the studio several times a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She had her first solo performance a few months ago, and chose a song called “Conqueror” to accompany her routine. She felt the lyrics resonated with her own life experiences: “I’d rather stand tall than live on my knees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687907 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and friends at Positive-I.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and friends at Positive-I. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina practices fire dancing with Marlo Moor, left, and Tiffany Ridenour, center, outside of \u003ca href=\"http://www.positiveiparadise.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Positive-I\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They keep in step with ease, and joke: “Can you tell we dance together?” Sabrina never imagined she’d do anything like fire dancing, and loves how this community of mostly women pushes her to try new things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687844 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara share a moment at the park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara share a moment at the park. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While Sabrina was already on a path to change her life for the better, getting pregnant with Aroara in 2013 pushed her to achieve her goals faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to just be there for her and show her what I didn’t get as a child,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced as a project for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USC Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a>’s California Fellowship.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Science shows childhood trauma leads to poorer health later in life, mentally and physically. But there are ways to intervene that can heal the wounds of the past for a parent, and safeguard a daughter’s future.",
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"title": "Childhood Trauma Can Mean Early Death. This California Mom Wants to Beat the Odds | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>motional neglect, physical abuse, divorce, a household riven by addiction — science shows that traumas like these in childhood cause poorer health later in life, both mentally and physically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9635069\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The first research\u003c/a> was conducted in the late 1990s and recently popularized by San Francisco pediatrician and author \u003ca href=\"https://www.ted.com/talks/nadine_burke_harris_how_childhood_trauma_affects_health_across_a_lifetime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nadine Burke Harris\u003c/a>. Doctors behind the first study dubbed these childhood traumas “adverse childhood experiences,” or ACEs, and devised a measurement scale: For each negative experience a person had, his or her “ACE score” would go up by 1 point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full range of the ACEs scale goes from zero (no ACEs) to 10 (a person who has experienced all 10 categories of adversity). You can find out your own ACE score by completing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncjfcj.org/sites/default/files/Finding%20Your%20ACE%20Score.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ACEs questionnaire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person with four or more ACEs has more than five times the risk of depression, four times the risk for chronic lung disease and double the risk for cancer. An ACE score of six or more shortens life expectancy by \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19840693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 years\u003c/a> on average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687836 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina Hanes is just 33, but has the medical record of someone twice her age. She recently learned these issues may be linked to the trauma she went through as a kid. To prevent further health issues, she's built a routine focused on education, exercise, and building community.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32343_ACEs_AW_40-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina Hanes is just 33, but has the medical record of someone twice her age. She recently learned these issues may be linked to the trauma she went through as a kid. To prevent further health issues, she’s built a routine focused on education, exercise and building community. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So what does someone do if they learn they have a high ACE score? Doctors say there are several ways to intervene, and while it’s more effective to intervene when people are young, adults can still work to heal the wounds of their past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are specific therapies that can help, such as \u003ca href=\"https://childtrauma.ucsf.edu/child-parent-psychotherapy-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Child Parent Psychotherapy\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pcit.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parent-Child Interaction Therapy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re aimed at parents who have high ACE scores and want to make sure their children have a fulfilling childhood. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.acesconnection.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online communities\u003c/a> for practitioners and people looking for resources. Doctors also recommend other stress-relieving activities: better sleep, regular exercise, meditation, good nutrition and a focus on building healthy relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabrina Hanes lives with her 4-year-old daughter, Aroara, in Paradise, California, a small Butte County town set among pine and oak trees. Sabrina is 33 now, but her youth was rife with pain, and her ACE score is 8 out of 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She got involved in drugs in her early adulthood and was in and out of jail, but 10 years ago she committed to changing her life. She’s been sober since she was 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, she looks at life as “something amazing and beautiful.” Health reporter Laura Klivans and photographer Anne Wernikoff both spent time following Sabrina and her daughter, Aroara, through their day, to see how Sabrina maintains a hopeful and resilient attitude despite the legacy of her painful past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687832\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara in their two-bedroom home in Paradise, CA.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32310_ACEs_AW_07-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara in their two-bedroom home in Paradise, California. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina plays with her 4-year-old daughter, Aroara, in their home. Sabrina is working toward a bachelor’s degree in child development at Chico State. She carefully chooses toys and games she feels will challenge her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687837 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina had always wanted to be a mom, but she was scared to repeat the behavior of her own parents. Her experience with her daughter Aroara, however, has allayed those fears. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32347_ACEs_AW_44-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina had always wanted to be a mom, but she was scared to repeat the behavior of her own parents. Her experience with her daughter, Aroara, however, has allayed those fears. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina’s refrigerator is decorated with photos of Aroara at various ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emotionally neglected as a child, Sabrina reminds Aroara regularly how much she cares for and loves her. Her daughter’s name means “dawn,” but is spelled atypically to include “roar,” which Sabrina says is very fitting for her outgoing daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687897 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Mother and daughter head out for the day.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-960x635.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32496_ACEs_AW_85-qut-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mother and daughter head out for the day. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara buckle up before driving to the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.youth4change.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth for Change\u003c/a>, where Sabrina works as a volunteer teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabrina first connected with the nonprofit when she was pregnant with Aroara. She was reluctant at first, but now says the staff members are “like family.” The consistent relationships she has developed with them have helped turn her life around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687899\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687899 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina runs a science project with toddlers. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32337_ACEs_AW_34-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina runs a science project with toddlers. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Youth for Change, Sabrina leads the same class she used to take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toddlers and their caregivers gather each Monday for activities that build social and emotional skills. Sabrina has added school-readiness activities to the curriculum that is otherwise focused on social and emotional growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687840\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687840 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara outside their home.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32363_ACEs_AW_58-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara outside their home. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After class and a walk to a nearby pond, Sabrina and Aroara head home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved into this house just before Aroara’s first birthday. Although the home needs some repairs, Sabrina loves having a consistent refuge so close to nature. In her own childhood, Sabrina moved several times, bouncing between her mother and father, who’d gone through an acrimonious divorce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687838 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Midday down-time for Sabrina and Aroara.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32354_ACEs_AW_49-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Midday downtime for Sabrina and Aroara. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina eats a lunch of leftover rice, quinoa and tortilla chips while she and Aroara take a break at midday to watch “The Emoji Movie,” Aroara’s current favorite. Because of her multiple health issues, Sabrina has many dietary restrictions, and she has trouble affording food she can eat on a fixed income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I usually go without, to make sure Aroara is taken care of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687841 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara love spending time outside on hikes and in Paradise's parks.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1200x796.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32368_ACEs_AW_63-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara love spending time outside on hikes and in Paradise’s parks. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara hit their favorite playground after lunch. Sabrina spends all her time with her daughter, except when she’s taking classes at Chico State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she was that age, Sabrina often had to fend for herself, which left her vulnerable to abuse. She is committed to giving Aroara a different experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687842 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Regular exercise helps Sabrina maintain a calm mind despite the mental health problem she had in the past. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager and once took medications. Now, however, she manages her mood through diet and exercise. \" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1200x829.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-1180x815.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-960x663.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32381_ACEs_AW_76-qut-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Regular exercise helps Sabrina maintain a calm mind despite the mental health problem she had in the past. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager and once took medications. Now, however, she manages her mood through diet and exercise.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina and Aroara spend the afternoon and early evening at Positive-I, a dance and circus arts studio. Sabrina practices on the aerial hoop with her dance partner, Storrie Morrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve made a lot of really strong connections with women that are very empowering and uplifting,” Sabrina said. Aroara attends classes for kids, and afterward plays near her mom and other dancers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687905 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-800x510.jpg\" alt='Sabrina in an upside-down \"Lady in the Moon\" pose on her aerial hoop. ' width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1020x650.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-960x612.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-240x153.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-375x239.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ACEs_AW_86-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina in an upside-down “Lady in the Moon” pose on her aerial hoop. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since she began studying aerial hoop last year, Sabrina has become a dedicated practitioner, and she works out at the studio several times a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She had her first solo performance a few months ago, and chose a song called “Conqueror” to accompany her routine. She felt the lyrics resonated with her own life experiences: “I’d rather stand tall than live on my knees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687907 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and friends at Positive-I.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32386_ACEs_AW_81-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and friends at Positive-I. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabrina practices fire dancing with Marlo Moor, left, and Tiffany Ridenour, center, outside of \u003ca href=\"http://www.positiveiparadise.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Positive-I\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They keep in step with ease, and joke: “Can you tell we dance together?” Sabrina never imagined she’d do anything like fire dancing, and loves how this community of mostly women pushes her to try new things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11687844 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sabrina and Aroara share a moment at the park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32490_ACEs_AW_54b-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sabrina and Aroara share a moment at the park. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While Sabrina was already on a path to change her life for the better, getting pregnant with Aroara in 2013 pushed her to achieve her goals faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to just be there for her and show her what I didn’t get as a child,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced as a project for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USC Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a>’s California Fellowship.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'Cover the Important Bits': Alameda Schools Change Their Dress Code",
"headTitle": "‘Cover the Important Bits’: Alameda Schools Change Their Dress Code | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Midriffs, pajamas, and ball caps are all allowed this year at Alameda schools. A group of middle school students worked for three years to change a dress code that they say unfairly targeted girls. Now, decisions on what boys and girls can and cannot wear will mostly be left to students and their parents instead of school staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jilltucker?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Jill Tucker\u003c/a>, San Francisco Chronicle K-12 education reporter\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Subscribe to The Bay:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/m/I4n2qepiu5z3mcloidj7ajqluoi?t=The_Bay\">Google Play Music\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Local-News/The-Bay-p1101507/\">TuneIn\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://radiopublic.com/the-bay-Wa2Jpb\">Radio Public\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Read Jill Tucker's story on Alameda's \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Alameda-schools-new-dress-code-Tube-tops-are-13167331.php\">new dress code\u003c/a>.\r\n\r\nAnd please take a few minutes to help us make The Bay better by taking our \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc2mexqh1Hzl0D9M1c1KazAXg9FK24MCvIAXAZ4sz0AeStmhQ/viewform\">short survey\u003c/a>.",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Stay caught up with the best of KQED's reporting each week by subscribing to the \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/qed-up/id1197721799?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Q'ed Up podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687364/in-west-oakland-school-that-keeps-losing-teachers-shes-stayed-almost-five-decades\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nearly 50 years in, this West Oakland high school teacher isn't leaving anytime soon\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"McClymonds teacher LuPaulette Taylor in her classroom, where she teaches AP Literature, English and a college preparation class. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687373\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McClymonds teacher LuPaulette Taylor in her classroom, where she teaches AP Literature, English and a college preparation class. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancaño/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You know that teacher that was always there for you? That teacher that didn't stop supporting you when the bell rang? The teacher that turned things around for you and made you love learning? Dr. LuPaulette Taylor is that teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor or \"DT\" as she's known, has been teaching for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687364/in-west-oakland-school-that-keeps-losing-teachers-shes-stayed-almost-five-decades\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 50 years\u003c/a>, most of those at McClymonds High School in West Oakland, the same school she graduated from in 1966. She's been such a mainstay at McClymonds that she's taught three generations of some families. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That longevity and dedication is even more impressive when you realize that only 15 percent of teachers at McClymonds stay on for a third year, the worst retention rate in the district for a non-continuation school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't ever get to just teach, and you don't get to leave the kids here if you're doing what you're supposed to,” Taylor says. “You take them home with you mentally and you try to figure out, ‘What else can I do?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687433/leaving-a-legacy-dawn-bohulano-mabalon-filipino-american-champion-and-historian\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Saying goodbye to a champion of the Filipino-American community\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687512\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Dawn Bohulano Mabalon was a professor of history at San Francisco State University, co-founder of the Little Manila Foundation, and a board member of the Filipino National Historical Society. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dawn Bohulano Mabalon was a professor of history at San Francisco State University, co-founder of the Little Manila Foundation, and a board member of the Filipino National Historical Society. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gena Roma Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawn Bohulano Mabalon dedicated her life to chronicling the rich Filipino-American history in California and the U.S. She \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687433/leaving-a-legacy-dawn-bohulano-mabalon-filipino-american-champion-and-historian\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">died unexpectedly last week\u003c/a> from an asthma attack, just days before her 46th birthday while on vacation in Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doggedly told the stories of her Filipino-American community, centered in her hometown of Stockton, and used those stories to advocate for that community at the local, state and national level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Friday, she was supposed to be ... presenting in Washington, D.C.,\" said Dillon Delvo, who co-founded Stockton’s Little Manila Foundation with Mabalon. \"She brought our people to the table. She forced herself in, brought in her own chair, put it in the middle of the table, and said 'We’re here.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687627/no-break-for-some-redding-firefighters-now-battling-mendocino-complex\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">From one fire to the next\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/fire1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Redding Fire trucks at the incident command center for the Mendocino Complex in Ukiah.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687628\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Redding Fire trucks at the incident command center for the Mendocino Complex in Ukiah. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine spending weeks battling a massive wildfire in your own backyard. And then when that fire gets mostly in hand, turning around and going to fight the biggest wildfire in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's what members of the Redding Fire Department are doing right now. While the Carr Fire, which burned through the city last month, is mostly contained and isolated to remote areas outside of the city, some Redding firefighters are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687627/no-break-for-some-redding-firefighters-now-battling-mendocino-complex\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">three hours away fighting\u003c/a> the biggest wildfire in state history, the Mendocino Complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686760/ac-transit-riders-salesforce-transit-center-and-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">These folks are super pumped over this new bus terminal\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11686799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"The bus deck, with AC Transit stalls, at Salesforce Transit Center in downtown San Francisco. The facility is pictured Aug. 12, 2018, and opened for its first full-scale commute Aug. 13. \" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11686799\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-800x527.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1020x672.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1200x791.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-960x633.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-375x247.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-520x343.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bus deck, with AC Transit stalls, at Salesforce Transit Center in downtown San Francisco. The facility is pictured Aug. 12, 2018, and opened for its first full-scale commute Aug. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I love quality public transportation as much as the next person, but I can't imagine getting up at the crack of dawn just so I could ride the first bus into a new bus terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that's exactly what a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686760/ac-transit-riders-salesforce-transit-center-and-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">small group of enthusiasts\u003c/a> did this past weekend. They started at the Fruitvale BART station and hopped on the AC Transit O bus heading into San Francisco and the brand new Salesforce Transit Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of people are pumped about the new Transbay Terminal — police had to turn people away from an open house last Saturday that was packed to the gills. But I think these folks take the cake when it comes to public transit passion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a great \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686933/back-to-the-future-sfs-new-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">episode of The Bay podcast\u003c/a> looking at the demise of the first Transbay Terminal and what the fate of the new transit center might be.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686072/a-dance-with-death-the-final-days-of-kelly-johnson-video\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Teach them how to say goodbye\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/284403404\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Kelly Johnson realized that he couldn't make it to his favorite Peet's in The Fillmore, he knew it was time to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I reached a point where people were coming and dragging me down to Peet’s, and I was just gasping for breath,” Johnson said. “There was nothing left of me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson — who started the San Francisco Dance Theater on Fillmore Street in 1960s, led the Berkeley Symphony starting in the 1980s and finished his career as a concert pianist — decided to end his life under California’s End of Life Option Act, which allows terminally ill adults to be prescribed aid-in-dying medication under certain conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson let filmmaker Arash Malekzadeh chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686072/a-dance-with-death-the-final-days-of-kelly-johnson-video\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">his final weeks\u003c/a>, and the resulting film is a beautiful portrait of a beloved member of the community going out on his own terms.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Stay caught up with the best of KQED's reporting each week by subscribing to the \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/qed-up/id1197721799?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Q'ed Up podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687364/in-west-oakland-school-that-keeps-losing-teachers-shes-stayed-almost-five-decades\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nearly 50 years in, this West Oakland high school teacher isn't leaving anytime soon\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"McClymonds teacher LuPaulette Taylor in her classroom, where she teaches AP Literature, English and a college preparation class. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687373\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DrTaylor1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McClymonds teacher LuPaulette Taylor in her classroom, where she teaches AP Literature, English and a college preparation class. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancaño/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You know that teacher that was always there for you? That teacher that didn't stop supporting you when the bell rang? The teacher that turned things around for you and made you love learning? Dr. LuPaulette Taylor is that teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor or \"DT\" as she's known, has been teaching for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687364/in-west-oakland-school-that-keeps-losing-teachers-shes-stayed-almost-five-decades\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 50 years\u003c/a>, most of those at McClymonds High School in West Oakland, the same school she graduated from in 1966. She's been such a mainstay at McClymonds that she's taught three generations of some families. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That longevity and dedication is even more impressive when you realize that only 15 percent of teachers at McClymonds stay on for a third year, the worst retention rate in the district for a non-continuation school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't ever get to just teach, and you don't get to leave the kids here if you're doing what you're supposed to,” Taylor says. “You take them home with you mentally and you try to figure out, ‘What else can I do?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687433/leaving-a-legacy-dawn-bohulano-mabalon-filipino-american-champion-and-historian\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Saying goodbye to a champion of the Filipino-American community\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687512\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Dawn Bohulano Mabalon was a professor of history at San Francisco State University, co-founder of the Little Manila Foundation, and a board member of the Filipino National Historical Society. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32454_Dawn_Home1-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dawn Bohulano Mabalon was a professor of history at San Francisco State University, co-founder of the Little Manila Foundation, and a board member of the Filipino National Historical Society. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gena Roma Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawn Bohulano Mabalon dedicated her life to chronicling the rich Filipino-American history in California and the U.S. She \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687433/leaving-a-legacy-dawn-bohulano-mabalon-filipino-american-champion-and-historian\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">died unexpectedly last week\u003c/a> from an asthma attack, just days before her 46th birthday while on vacation in Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doggedly told the stories of her Filipino-American community, centered in her hometown of Stockton, and used those stories to advocate for that community at the local, state and national level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Friday, she was supposed to be ... presenting in Washington, D.C.,\" said Dillon Delvo, who co-founded Stockton’s Little Manila Foundation with Mabalon. \"She brought our people to the table. She forced herself in, brought in her own chair, put it in the middle of the table, and said 'We’re here.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687627/no-break-for-some-redding-firefighters-now-battling-mendocino-complex\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">From one fire to the next\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/fire1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Redding Fire trucks at the incident command center for the Mendocino Complex in Ukiah.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11687628\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Redding Fire trucks at the incident command center for the Mendocino Complex in Ukiah. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine spending weeks battling a massive wildfire in your own backyard. And then when that fire gets mostly in hand, turning around and going to fight the biggest wildfire in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's what members of the Redding Fire Department are doing right now. While the Carr Fire, which burned through the city last month, is mostly contained and isolated to remote areas outside of the city, some Redding firefighters are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687627/no-break-for-some-redding-firefighters-now-battling-mendocino-complex\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">three hours away fighting\u003c/a> the biggest wildfire in state history, the Mendocino Complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686760/ac-transit-riders-salesforce-transit-center-and-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">These folks are super pumped over this new bus terminal\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11686799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"The bus deck, with AC Transit stalls, at Salesforce Transit Center in downtown San Francisco. The facility is pictured Aug. 12, 2018, and opened for its first full-scale commute Aug. 13. \" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11686799\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-800x527.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1020x672.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1200x791.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-960x633.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-375x247.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/sftransitcenter180812a-520x343.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bus deck, with AC Transit stalls, at Salesforce Transit Center in downtown San Francisco. The facility is pictured Aug. 12, 2018, and opened for its first full-scale commute Aug. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I love quality public transportation as much as the next person, but I can't imagine getting up at the crack of dawn just so I could ride the first bus into a new bus terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that's exactly what a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686760/ac-transit-riders-salesforce-transit-center-and-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">small group of enthusiasts\u003c/a> did this past weekend. They started at the Fruitvale BART station and hopped on the AC Transit O bus heading into San Francisco and the brand new Salesforce Transit Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of people are pumped about the new Transbay Terminal — police had to turn people away from an open house last Saturday that was packed to the gills. But I think these folks take the cake when it comes to public transit passion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a great \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686933/back-to-the-future-sfs-new-transbay-terminal\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">episode of The Bay podcast\u003c/a> looking at the demise of the first Transbay Terminal and what the fate of the new transit center might be.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686072/a-dance-with-death-the-final-days-of-kelly-johnson-video\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Teach them how to say goodbye\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Kelly Johnson realized that he couldn't make it to his favorite Peet's in The Fillmore, he knew it was time to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I reached a point where people were coming and dragging me down to Peet’s, and I was just gasping for breath,” Johnson said. “There was nothing left of me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson — who started the San Francisco Dance Theater on Fillmore Street in 1960s, led the Berkeley Symphony starting in the 1980s and finished his career as a concert pianist — decided to end his life under California’s End of Life Option Act, which allows terminally ill adults to be prescribed aid-in-dying medication under certain conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson let filmmaker Arash Malekzadeh chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686072/a-dance-with-death-the-final-days-of-kelly-johnson-video\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">his final weeks\u003c/a>, and the resulting film is a beautiful portrait of a beloved member of the community going out on his own terms.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Require Ethnic Studies to Graduate High School? State Inches Closer to The Idea",
"title": "Require Ethnic Studies to Graduate High School? State Inches Closer to The Idea",
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"content": "\u003cp>As a teacher in Los Angeles county, Jose Lara has fought for years to have ethnic studies taught in high schools across the state. He’s taught the course for 13 years and says he’s seen his students transform by studying their history—whether learning about \u003ca href=\"http://chavez.cde.ca.gov/ModelCurriculum/Public/index1.aspx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cesar Chavez\u003c/a>, who led the farmworkers movement in the ’60s, or about \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=1309\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Angel Island\u003c/a>, a port of entry near San Francisco that limited Chinese immigration in the early 1900s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ethnic studies helps students develop an academic identity,” he said. “It really builds empathy cross-culturally as well so it brings communities that may be different from one another closer together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But skeptics say the state couldn’t afford to require such a course. Some critics go even further, insisting the state shouldn’t reinforce “identity politics” and instead should laser-focus on shrinking the academic achievement gap for black and Latino students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week the Legislature—which had been considering \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2772\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a bill\u003c/a> to make California the first state to require ethnic studies for high school graduation—backed away from creating such a statewide mandate, citing costs estimated to top $400 million. Sponsors settled on a pilot program instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot would cover 10 to 15 school districts across the state that will opt in to have ethnic studies as a graduation requirement. Schools would begin applying next year and the program would create the requirement for some students as early as 2022, with schools reporting their findings in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2016\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">law\u003c/a> passed in 2016 already encourages high schools to offer an elective course in ethnic studies, and requires the state to create a model curriculum for the class by 2020. Currently only 1 percent of California’s public high school students take ethnic studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other states, including Indiana and Oregon, have also boosted instruction of ethnic studies in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This needs to be taught,” said the bill’s author, Democratic Assemblymember Jose Medina of Riverside. “I don’t know how a person can say they’re educated without knowledge of other groups, other cultures, other histories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats who control the state Capitol—and even some Republicans—had voted for the statewide mandate, but its price tag led the California School Boards Association to oppose it. The new changes that water it down to a pilot program may help the bill overcome a key hurdle this week when the Senate Appropriations Committee will kill many bills that propose costly new programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the weaker version is unlikely to mollify critics who say schools shouldn’t impose another graduation requirement when so many students are struggling with English and math. Just 32 percent of 11th graders met math standards on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state exams\u003c/a> last year, and 60 percent met standards for reading and writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a very large segment of our black population, specifically they are boys who by a certain age in their educational career can’t read and write at the same level as their white counterparts,” said Republican Assemblywoman Melissa Melendez of Lake Elsinore, who voted against the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think more of a focus on the essentials, the basics, for students is where the focus should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with students of color making up \u003ca href=\"https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthYears.aspx?cds=00&agglevel=state&year=2017-18\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more than 70 percent\u003c/a> of California’s public school population, some educators say a class in ethnic studies could boost student success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe this is critical to allow schools districts to adapt their courses to reflect the pupil demographics in their communities as an innovative strategy to constructively impact students both socially and academically,” state Superintendent Tom Torlakson said \u003ca href=\"https://a61.asmdc.org/press-releases/state-superintendent-tom-torlakson-voices-support-ethnic-studies-graduation\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina and Lara pointed to research that found students enrolled in an ethnic studies course fare better in other coursework as well. The \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/urban_education_reform/2017/07/can_ethnic_studies_courses_help_students_succeed_in_school_evidence_from_san_francisco.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> followed 1,400 9th graders in the San Francisco Unified School District and found that for students taking ethnic studies, attendance increased by 21 percent, and their grade point averages improved by 1.4 points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles Unified School District, the ethnic studies \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/226/Ethnic%20Studies%20Survey%20Course%20.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">curriculum\u003c/a> covers ethnic identities including African-American, Latino American, American Indian and Asian American. The course includes a PBS documentary on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/trte/learn/historyculture/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trail of Tears\u003c/a>, where thousands of Native Americans died while being forcibly removed by the federal government in the 1830s. It also covers contemporary developments, such as President Barack Obama’s 2013 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHBdZWbncXI\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">speech\u003c/a> on Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old unarmed African American fatally shot by George Zimmerman, a 28-year old neighborhood watch volunteer in Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A model curriculum for the statewide course would include lessons on the student protests at San Francisco State University that first \u003ca href=\"https://ethnicstudies.sfsu.edu/home2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ignited\u003c/a> the ethnic studies movement in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California's Legislature is downsizing a plan to require ethnic studies for high school graduation—and not for the reason you might think.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As a teacher in Los Angeles county, Jose Lara has fought for years to have ethnic studies taught in high schools across the state. He’s taught the course for 13 years and says he’s seen his students transform by studying their history—whether learning about \u003ca href=\"http://chavez.cde.ca.gov/ModelCurriculum/Public/index1.aspx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cesar Chavez\u003c/a>, who led the farmworkers movement in the ’60s, or about \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=1309\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Angel Island\u003c/a>, a port of entry near San Francisco that limited Chinese immigration in the early 1900s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ethnic studies helps students develop an academic identity,” he said. “It really builds empathy cross-culturally as well so it brings communities that may be different from one another closer together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But skeptics say the state couldn’t afford to require such a course. Some critics go even further, insisting the state shouldn’t reinforce “identity politics” and instead should laser-focus on shrinking the academic achievement gap for black and Latino students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week the Legislature—which had been considering \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2772\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a bill\u003c/a> to make California the first state to require ethnic studies for high school graduation—backed away from creating such a statewide mandate, citing costs estimated to top $400 million. Sponsors settled on a pilot program instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot would cover 10 to 15 school districts across the state that will opt in to have ethnic studies as a graduation requirement. Schools would begin applying next year and the program would create the requirement for some students as early as 2022, with schools reporting their findings in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2016\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">law\u003c/a> passed in 2016 already encourages high schools to offer an elective course in ethnic studies, and requires the state to create a model curriculum for the class by 2020. Currently only 1 percent of California’s public high school students take ethnic studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other states, including Indiana and Oregon, have also boosted instruction of ethnic studies in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This needs to be taught,” said the bill’s author, Democratic Assemblymember Jose Medina of Riverside. “I don’t know how a person can say they’re educated without knowledge of other groups, other cultures, other histories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats who control the state Capitol—and even some Republicans—had voted for the statewide mandate, but its price tag led the California School Boards Association to oppose it. The new changes that water it down to a pilot program may help the bill overcome a key hurdle this week when the Senate Appropriations Committee will kill many bills that propose costly new programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the weaker version is unlikely to mollify critics who say schools shouldn’t impose another graduation requirement when so many students are struggling with English and math. Just 32 percent of 11th graders met math standards on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">state exams\u003c/a> last year, and 60 percent met standards for reading and writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a very large segment of our black population, specifically they are boys who by a certain age in their educational career can’t read and write at the same level as their white counterparts,” said Republican Assemblywoman Melissa Melendez of Lake Elsinore, who voted against the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think more of a focus on the essentials, the basics, for students is where the focus should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with students of color making up \u003ca href=\"https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthYears.aspx?cds=00&agglevel=state&year=2017-18\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more than 70 percent\u003c/a> of California’s public school population, some educators say a class in ethnic studies could boost student success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe this is critical to allow schools districts to adapt their courses to reflect the pupil demographics in their communities as an innovative strategy to constructively impact students both socially and academically,” state Superintendent Tom Torlakson said \u003ca href=\"https://a61.asmdc.org/press-releases/state-superintendent-tom-torlakson-voices-support-ethnic-studies-graduation\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina and Lara pointed to research that found students enrolled in an ethnic studies course fare better in other coursework as well. The \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/urban_education_reform/2017/07/can_ethnic_studies_courses_help_students_succeed_in_school_evidence_from_san_francisco.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> followed 1,400 9th graders in the San Francisco Unified School District and found that for students taking ethnic studies, attendance increased by 21 percent, and their grade point averages improved by 1.4 points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles Unified School District, the ethnic studies \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/226/Ethnic%20Studies%20Survey%20Course%20.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">curriculum\u003c/a> covers ethnic identities including African-American, Latino American, American Indian and Asian American. The course includes a PBS documentary on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/trte/learn/historyculture/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trail of Tears\u003c/a>, where thousands of Native Americans died while being forcibly removed by the federal government in the 1830s. It also covers contemporary developments, such as President Barack Obama’s 2013 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHBdZWbncXI\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">speech\u003c/a> on Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old unarmed African American fatally shot by George Zimmerman, a 28-year old neighborhood watch volunteer in Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A model curriculum for the statewide course would include lessons on the student protests at San Francisco State University that first \u003ca href=\"https://ethnicstudies.sfsu.edu/home2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ignited\u003c/a> the ethnic studies movement in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For the 7th year in a row, Facebook has opened its doors to high schoolers from neighboring communities for a six-week summer internship. The purpose is to expose students to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the graduation ceremony held at Facebook headquarters earlier this month, 16-year-old Alan Kagiri never thought being a Facebook intern was possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up in Kenya I never thought, first, if I would be able to come to the United States, and then, [if] I would be able to intern at Facebook,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook Academy chose Kagiri out of more than 150 applicants. And it’s easy to see why. He’s full of personality, charisma and drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagiri is a student at Sacred Heart Prep and lives in East Palo Alto with his mother. He is the youngest of 9 brothers and sisters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11686256\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11686256\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alan Kagiri, 16, poses for a photo outside Facebook’s courtyard. He will be attending Sacred Heart Prep as a Junior this Fall. \u003ccite>(Jennifer Leahy for Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He wants to be a Software Engineer but he wasn’t always sure it would be a good fit because there aren’t many people in the tech industry who look like him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to coming here, I just thought [a Facebook employee] was a stereotypical young male who just codes all the time,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his thoughts changed once he got to Facebook, networked with people from different departments and saw how diverse the company is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he learned a new skill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to advocate for yourself, you have to have that self-advocacy and say this is what I need, this is what I want,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kagiri said he learned that qualities such as friendliness, integrity and having a good work ethic are characteristics everyone will always want to work with. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook Academy’s Program Manager Agustin Torres said since the start of the program, some alum have been accepted to Ivy League Universities and three have been hired by Google and Uber, but none have been hired at Facebook yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres said the confidence level has improved in all 19 students since the start of the program. His goal is to keep in contact with all Facebook Academy Alum and to make sure they are on top of important school deadlines, like applying for college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You guys deserve to work in tech and now you know that there’s a variety of careers that exists at Facebook, in the tech industry,” said Torres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagiri hopes to possibly come back as an employee for Facebook for himself and to honor his mother’s sacrifice, who has worked extra shifts to pay for her children’s education and to have healthy food at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s anything that I can do to be able to give back to her, then I will take every opportunity possible,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the 7th year in a row, Facebook has opened its doors to high schoolers from neighboring communities for a six-week summer internship. The purpose is to expose students to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the graduation ceremony held at Facebook headquarters earlier this month, 16-year-old Alan Kagiri never thought being a Facebook intern was possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up in Kenya I never thought, first, if I would be able to come to the United States, and then, [if] I would be able to intern at Facebook,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook Academy chose Kagiri out of more than 150 applicants. And it’s easy to see why. He’s full of personality, charisma and drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagiri is a student at Sacred Heart Prep and lives in East Palo Alto with his mother. He is the youngest of 9 brothers and sisters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11686256\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11686256\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/FacebookAcademy_Aug2018_jenniferleahyphotography-49-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alan Kagiri, 16, poses for a photo outside Facebook’s courtyard. He will be attending Sacred Heart Prep as a Junior this Fall. \u003ccite>(Jennifer Leahy for Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He wants to be a Software Engineer but he wasn’t always sure it would be a good fit because there aren’t many people in the tech industry who look like him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to coming here, I just thought [a Facebook employee] was a stereotypical young male who just codes all the time,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his thoughts changed once he got to Facebook, networked with people from different departments and saw how diverse the company is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he learned a new skill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to advocate for yourself, you have to have that self-advocacy and say this is what I need, this is what I want,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kagiri said he learned that qualities such as friendliness, integrity and having a good work ethic are characteristics everyone will always want to work with. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook Academy’s Program Manager Agustin Torres said since the start of the program, some alum have been accepted to Ivy League Universities and three have been hired by Google and Uber, but none have been hired at Facebook yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres said the confidence level has improved in all 19 students since the start of the program. His goal is to keep in contact with all Facebook Academy Alum and to make sure they are on top of important school deadlines, like applying for college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You guys deserve to work in tech and now you know that there’s a variety of careers that exists at Facebook, in the tech industry,” said Torres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagiri hopes to possibly come back as an employee for Facebook for himself and to honor his mother’s sacrifice, who has worked extra shifts to pay for her children’s education and to have healthy food at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s anything that I can do to be able to give back to her, then I will take every opportunity possible,” said Kagiri.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11685845/after-long-awaited-reunion-guatemalan-family-braces-for-challenges\">Reunited Migrant Family Heading Home\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, we brought you the story of 5-year-old Filomena, who was reunited with her parents in Guatemala City after being separated for three months as a result of the Trump Administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy when her father, Nazario, applied for asylum in California after crossing the border near Tecate. Her dad was deported back to the Guatemala, and Filomena stayed in a foster shelter in New York - one of the more than 430 children separated from their deported parents. The family now heads back to their village in Guatemala.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Ride With Border Patrol Along San Diego's Border Fence\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Trump Administration’s zero tolerance policy aims to criminally prosecute everyone who crosses the border illegally. The people on the front lines of that policy are Border Patrol agents who take migrants into custody in between the ports of entry. KQED’s Julie Small recently spent time with a Border Patrol agent in San Diego.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Julie Small\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Yosemite National Park Employees Face Money Problems Due to Fire Evacuation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Ferguson Fire threatening Yosemite National Park continues burning as well. Nearly 95,000 acres have been torched but firefighters are making progress and it's now 68 percent contained. Ever since officials closed parts of the Park indefinitely, many of its employees have been forced to find refuge.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Alex Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wildfires Push Back School Start Dates in Lake County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So, it's mid August and that means it's almost back to school time. Some kids won't be grabbing their lunchboxes quite yet though, as the fires push back the start of the school year. The Mendocino Complex Fire will delay the start of at least four Lake County schools, impacting more than five thousand students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State Lawmakers Seek to Legalize Sale of Home-Cooked Meals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s nothing like a home-cooked meal but in California, it’s illegal to sell them. There’s a bill now in the state legislature to change that. And it’s causing controversy with those in the “cottage food” industry. They worry the move may pave the way for Silicon Valley companies to “Uberize” home-cooked meals.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Sam Harnett\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Settlement Reached in Case Against Southern California Gas Over Methane Leak\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State and local officials have reached a 120-million dollar settlement with Southern California Gas – it’ll resolve public claims over the largest methane leak in U.S. history. But not everyone is happy with it.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Molly Peterson\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11685845/after-long-awaited-reunion-guatemalan-family-braces-for-challenges\">Reunited Migrant Family Heading Home\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, we brought you the story of 5-year-old Filomena, who was reunited with her parents in Guatemala City after being separated for three months as a result of the Trump Administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy when her father, Nazario, applied for asylum in California after crossing the border near Tecate. Her dad was deported back to the Guatemala, and Filomena stayed in a foster shelter in New York - one of the more than 430 children separated from their deported parents. The family now heads back to their village in Guatemala.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Ride With Border Patrol Along San Diego's Border Fence\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Trump Administration’s zero tolerance policy aims to criminally prosecute everyone who crosses the border illegally. The people on the front lines of that policy are Border Patrol agents who take migrants into custody in between the ports of entry. KQED’s Julie Small recently spent time with a Border Patrol agent in San Diego.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Julie Small\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Yosemite National Park Employees Face Money Problems Due to Fire Evacuation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Ferguson Fire threatening Yosemite National Park continues burning as well. Nearly 95,000 acres have been torched but firefighters are making progress and it's now 68 percent contained. Ever since officials closed parts of the Park indefinitely, many of its employees have been forced to find refuge.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Alex Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wildfires Push Back School Start Dates in Lake County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So, it's mid August and that means it's almost back to school time. Some kids won't be grabbing their lunchboxes quite yet though, as the fires push back the start of the school year. The Mendocino Complex Fire will delay the start of at least four Lake County schools, impacting more than five thousand students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State Lawmakers Seek to Legalize Sale of Home-Cooked Meals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s nothing like a home-cooked meal but in California, it’s illegal to sell them. There’s a bill now in the state legislature to change that. And it’s causing controversy with those in the “cottage food” industry. They worry the move may pave the way for Silicon Valley companies to “Uberize” home-cooked meals.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Sam Harnett\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Settlement Reached in Case Against Southern California Gas Over Methane Leak\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State and local officials have reached a 120-million dollar settlement with Southern California Gas – it’ll resolve public claims over the largest methane leak in U.S. history. But not everyone is happy with it.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Molly Peterson\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex fires -- the largest in California's history -- have delayed the start dates for at least four Lake County School Districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakeport, Upperlake, Lucerne and Konocti Unified Schools Districts were scheduled to start school in the next two weeks but have delayed their start dates until mid-August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay will affect at least 5,100 students in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ulusd.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Upperlake\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.lake-coe.k12.ca.us/calendar/details/schools_begins_lakeport_unified_school_district/2018-08-08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lakeport\u003c/a> Unified School Districts were scheduled to start school this week but may push back their start dates even further, as only \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/6073/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">34 percent of the Mendocino Complex Fires\u003c/a> has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakeport District Superintendent April Leiferman says the classrooms are filled with ash and soot and the air quality is currently at an unhealthy zone, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/Lake-County-Air-Quality-Guidelines-2017-final-draft-with-superintendents.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake County Air Quality Guidelines 2017\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to have all of that cleaned up before we can have students come back,\" says Leiferman. \"You have the cleaning of the buildings, including the outside, because there's ash everywhere and then you also have the air quality. You have multiple things happening at the same time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11685535\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11685535\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/IMG_5618-e1533686494865-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"Smoky conditions above the football field at Clear Lake High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoky conditions above the football field at Clear Lake High School. \u003ccite>(April Leiferman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucerne Unified School District is one of the smaller schools in Lake County with only one school teaching students from kindergarten to eighth grade and has about 260 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucerne District Superintendent Mike Brown says, \"We try not to close unless it's absolutely imperative to close the school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says Lucerne Unified will be holding a special emergency meeting on Wednesday to determine a start date for their school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to both Brown and Leiferman, the last time both districts had to close down for a \"smoke day\" was last year during the October wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelseyville and Middletown Unified School Districts are the only school districts that will retain their normal start dates and do not anticipate any changes as of now.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "At least four schools in Lake County will delay their start dates due to the Mendocino Complex Fires. The delay will affect at least 5,100 students in the area.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex fires -- the largest in California's history -- have delayed the start dates for at least four Lake County School Districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakeport, Upperlake, Lucerne and Konocti Unified Schools Districts were scheduled to start school in the next two weeks but have delayed their start dates until mid-August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay will affect at least 5,100 students in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ulusd.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Upperlake\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.lake-coe.k12.ca.us/calendar/details/schools_begins_lakeport_unified_school_district/2018-08-08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lakeport\u003c/a> Unified School Districts were scheduled to start school this week but may push back their start dates even further, as only \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/6073/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">34 percent of the Mendocino Complex Fires\u003c/a> has been contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lakeport District Superintendent April Leiferman says the classrooms are filled with ash and soot and the air quality is currently at an unhealthy zone, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/Lake-County-Air-Quality-Guidelines-2017-final-draft-with-superintendents.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake County Air Quality Guidelines 2017\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to have all of that cleaned up before we can have students come back,\" says Leiferman. \"You have the cleaning of the buildings, including the outside, because there's ash everywhere and then you also have the air quality. You have multiple things happening at the same time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11685535\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11685535\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/IMG_5618-e1533686494865-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"Smoky conditions above the football field at Clear Lake High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoky conditions above the football field at Clear Lake High School. \u003ccite>(April Leiferman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lucerne Unified School District is one of the smaller schools in Lake County with only one school teaching students from kindergarten to eighth grade and has about 260 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lucerne District Superintendent Mike Brown says, \"We try not to close unless it's absolutely imperative to close the school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says Lucerne Unified will be holding a special emergency meeting on Wednesday to determine a start date for their school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to both Brown and Leiferman, the last time both districts had to close down for a \"smoke day\" was last year during the October wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelseyville and Middletown Unified School Districts are the only school districts that will retain their normal start dates and do not anticipate any changes as of now.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Not Living in the Dorms? Good Luck Figuring Out What College Is Going to Cost",
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"content": "\u003cp>As newly minted college students get ready to start classes next month, some will find their school’s estimates for costs are way off. If students relied on what colleges report, they’d expect to pay nearly the same amount for food and off-campus housing at \u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/attend/paying-for-college/Pages/campus-costs-of-attendance.aspx\">Fresno State\u003c/a> as at \u003ca href=\"http://www.admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/budget.htm\">UCLA\u003c/a>, even though the two areas have dramatically different housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There doesn't seem to be an overall rhyme or reason as to how colleges set these allowances,” said Seton Hall University professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.shu.edu/profiles/robertkelchen.cfm\">Robert Kelchen\u003c/a>, who studied college budget estimates nationally. “It was happening basically everywhere, and the concern was greatest in areas with very high living costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bad estimates can throw off not only students’ budgeting, but also their financial aid packages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any college that gets federal financial aid has to come up with a basic cost of attendance estimate, but schools have a lot of leeway in how they make that calculation. In California, the agency that oversees financial aid programs for the state, the Student Aid Commission, \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/post/student-expense-budget\">provides an estimate\u003c/a> of student costs for food, housing, textbooks, and transportation. It’s a single statewide average, and many schools around the state rely on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see colleges in some of the most expensive parts of the state using that number, and some colleges in the least expensive parts of the state,” said Debbie Cochrane, vice president of \u003ca href=\"https://ticas.org/\">The Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://financialaid.sfsu.edu/Welcome\">San Francisco State University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fullerton.edu/financialaid/costs/UGCosts.php\">Cal State Fullerton\u003c/a>, for example, list nearly identical off-campus housing and food costs. “When we looked at that we thought, ‘That doesn’t seem right,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstatestudents.org/\">Cal State Student Association\u003c/a> Executive Director Rob Shorette. When he checked other sources of data, like the Department of Housing and Urban Development, they told a different story about housing costs: \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/fmr/fmrs/FY2018_code/2018summary.odn\">Rents in San Francisco\u003c/a> are around $1,000 a month higher than \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/fmr/fmrs/FY2018_code/2018summary.odn\">rents in Fullerton\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overestimating costs could result in students taking out more loans than they need, Shorette says, but lowballing costs can be bad for students, too. “Underestimating these costs may put them in a predicament where they’re forced to find other ways to meet their financial needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These estimates aren’t just misleading — they also determine the maximum amount of financial aid a student can get. (Financial aid is calculated by subtracting your expected family contribution from your school’s total cost of attendance.) Most students don’t get their full cost of attendance paid for with grants, but the cost of attendance estimate also caps student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If [colleges] lowball costs, not only does that spare their own institutional aid budgets, but it also makes them look better in the eyes of students and families.'\u003ccite>Debbie Cochrane, Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So if a college’s estimate is too low, Kelchen says, “you need to work a lot more in order to pay the bills. But working a lot more means that it's hard to go to college full time and it may be hard to do well in school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even within the same city, estimates can vary: \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstatela.edu/financialaid/2018-2019-cost-attendance\">Cal State Los Angeles' estimate\u003c/a> for non-tuition costs is $19,454; \u003ca href=\"http://www.admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/budget.htm\">UCLA’s\u003c/a> is $17,802.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley and Berkeley City College are less than half a mile apart. But \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.documentcloud.org/documents/4619330/Student-Cost-of-Attendance.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWZKW64MXJ5HXBOA&Expires=1532652435&Signature=mHyoSKPbWEL9Nse74Wwni3rQL4Q%3D\">City College estimates\u003c/a> students spend about $4,800 more every school year on non-tuition costs than \u003ca href=\"https://financialaid.berkeley.edu/cost-attendance\">UC Berkeley estimates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really unclear why UC Berkeley students would need so much less, would be spending so much less,” Cochrane says. “I mean in many cases these students are actually roommates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s estimates are based on its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucop.edu/institutional-research-academic-planning/services/survey-services/UCOAS.html\">student surveys\u003c/a>, done every three years. Some parts of the Berkeley City College budget appear to use the statewide estimate provided by the Student Aid Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about the discrepancy, a UC spokesperson pointed to the fact that UC’s data are newer. The Student Aid Commission’s estimate is based on a survey last conducted more than a decade ago. And while it’s been adjusted annually for inflation, commission administrators raise concerns that the estimate is actually too low because of its age. They’re in the process of conducting a new survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673311/housing-costs-more-than-tuition-are-crushing-californias-low-income-college-students\">Housing Costs — More Than Tuition — Are Crushing California's Low-Income College Students\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673311/housing-costs-more-than-tuition-are-crushing-californias-low-income-college-students\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/SadiaKahn-1180x1006.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.apartmentlist.com/rentonomics/rental-price-data/\">Recent Apartment List data\u003c/a> put the average cost of a one-bedroom apartment in Berkeley at $2,113 a month. To live on the off-campus housing budget UC Berkeley provides, two students would have to share that apartment and wouldn’t have money left over for utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cochrane and Kelchen agree that coming up with estimates is complicated, and it’s hard to know what’s accurate, but both see an incentive to make prices look lower than they are: For schools that provide generous grant aid, raising the price tag would mean shelling out a lot more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they lowball costs, not only does that spare their own institutional aid budgets,” Cochrane said, “but it also makes them look better in the eyes of students and families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have been looking for fixes. They introduced at least three bills in the last couple years that took on the issue. Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed one that \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1064\">would have required\u003c/a> the CSU to do its own surveys to come up with more accurate cost estimates. In his veto, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1064\">Brown cited\u003c/a> costs and administrative burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1867\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1867px) 100vw, 1867px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As newly minted college students get ready to start classes next month, some will find their school’s estimates for costs are way off. If students relied on what colleges report, they’d expect to pay nearly the same amount for food and off-campus housing at \u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/attend/paying-for-college/Pages/campus-costs-of-attendance.aspx\">Fresno State\u003c/a> as at \u003ca href=\"http://www.admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/budget.htm\">UCLA\u003c/a>, even though the two areas have dramatically different housing costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There doesn't seem to be an overall rhyme or reason as to how colleges set these allowances,” said Seton Hall University professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.shu.edu/profiles/robertkelchen.cfm\">Robert Kelchen\u003c/a>, who studied college budget estimates nationally. “It was happening basically everywhere, and the concern was greatest in areas with very high living costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bad estimates can throw off not only students’ budgeting, but also their financial aid packages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any college that gets federal financial aid has to come up with a basic cost of attendance estimate, but schools have a lot of leeway in how they make that calculation. In California, the agency that oversees financial aid programs for the state, the Student Aid Commission, \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/post/student-expense-budget\">provides an estimate\u003c/a> of student costs for food, housing, textbooks, and transportation. It’s a single statewide average, and many schools around the state rely on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see colleges in some of the most expensive parts of the state using that number, and some colleges in the least expensive parts of the state,” said Debbie Cochrane, vice president of \u003ca href=\"https://ticas.org/\">The Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://financialaid.sfsu.edu/Welcome\">San Francisco State University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fullerton.edu/financialaid/costs/UGCosts.php\">Cal State Fullerton\u003c/a>, for example, list nearly identical off-campus housing and food costs. “When we looked at that we thought, ‘That doesn’t seem right,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstatestudents.org/\">Cal State Student Association\u003c/a> Executive Director Rob Shorette. When he checked other sources of data, like the Department of Housing and Urban Development, they told a different story about housing costs: \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/fmr/fmrs/FY2018_code/2018summary.odn\">Rents in San Francisco\u003c/a> are around $1,000 a month higher than \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/fmr/fmrs/FY2018_code/2018summary.odn\">rents in Fullerton\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overestimating costs could result in students taking out more loans than they need, Shorette says, but lowballing costs can be bad for students, too. “Underestimating these costs may put them in a predicament where they’re forced to find other ways to meet their financial needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These estimates aren’t just misleading — they also determine the maximum amount of financial aid a student can get. (Financial aid is calculated by subtracting your expected family contribution from your school’s total cost of attendance.) Most students don’t get their full cost of attendance paid for with grants, but the cost of attendance estimate also caps student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If [colleges] lowball costs, not only does that spare their own institutional aid budgets, but it also makes them look better in the eyes of students and families.'\u003ccite>Debbie Cochrane, Institute for College Access and Success\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So if a college’s estimate is too low, Kelchen says, “you need to work a lot more in order to pay the bills. But working a lot more means that it's hard to go to college full time and it may be hard to do well in school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even within the same city, estimates can vary: \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstatela.edu/financialaid/2018-2019-cost-attendance\">Cal State Los Angeles' estimate\u003c/a> for non-tuition costs is $19,454; \u003ca href=\"http://www.admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/budget.htm\">UCLA’s\u003c/a> is $17,802.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley and Berkeley City College are less than half a mile apart. But \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.documentcloud.org/documents/4619330/Student-Cost-of-Attendance.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWZKW64MXJ5HXBOA&Expires=1532652435&Signature=mHyoSKPbWEL9Nse74Wwni3rQL4Q%3D\">City College estimates\u003c/a> students spend about $4,800 more every school year on non-tuition costs than \u003ca href=\"https://financialaid.berkeley.edu/cost-attendance\">UC Berkeley estimates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really unclear why UC Berkeley students would need so much less, would be spending so much less,” Cochrane says. “I mean in many cases these students are actually roommates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC’s estimates are based on its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucop.edu/institutional-research-academic-planning/services/survey-services/UCOAS.html\">student surveys\u003c/a>, done every three years. Some parts of the Berkeley City College budget appear to use the statewide estimate provided by the Student Aid Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about the discrepancy, a UC spokesperson pointed to the fact that UC’s data are newer. The Student Aid Commission’s estimate is based on a survey last conducted more than a decade ago. And while it’s been adjusted annually for inflation, commission administrators raise concerns that the estimate is actually too low because of its age. They’re in the process of conducting a new survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673311/housing-costs-more-than-tuition-are-crushing-californias-low-income-college-students\">Housing Costs — More Than Tuition — Are Crushing California's Low-Income College Students\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673311/housing-costs-more-than-tuition-are-crushing-californias-low-income-college-students\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/SadiaKahn-1180x1006.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.apartmentlist.com/rentonomics/rental-price-data/\">Recent Apartment List data\u003c/a> put the average cost of a one-bedroom apartment in Berkeley at $2,113 a month. To live on the off-campus housing budget UC Berkeley provides, two students would have to share that apartment and wouldn’t have money left over for utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cochrane and Kelchen agree that coming up with estimates is complicated, and it’s hard to know what’s accurate, but both see an incentive to make prices look lower than they are: For schools that provide generous grant aid, raising the price tag would mean shelling out a lot more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they lowball costs, not only does that spare their own institutional aid budgets,” Cochrane said, “but it also makes them look better in the eyes of students and families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have been looking for fixes. They introduced at least three bills in the last couple years that took on the issue. Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed one that \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1064\">would have required\u003c/a> the CSU to do its own surveys to come up with more accurate cost estimates. In his veto, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1064\">Brown cited\u003c/a> costs and administrative burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1867\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1867px) 100vw, 1867px\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>John Lee Cowell, the paroled robber arrested in Sunday night’s fatal knife attack at BART’s MacArthur Station, was formally charged with murder and attempted murder in Oakland on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell, 27, was charged in the stabbing that killed Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, and wounded her 26-year-old sister, Lahtifa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell was arrested Monday evening on an Antioch-bound BART train stopped at Pleasant Hill Station. Cowell made a brief appearance in Alameda County Superior Court and pleaded not guilty. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family told KRON-TV in a statement that he has suffered from mental illness “most of his life.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson’s father, Ansar Muhammad, said Wednesday he believed his daughters were attacked because they are black. Cowell is white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s an excuse. I hate to say that, but, you know, why would you choose two black girls?” Muhammad said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Nancy O’Malley said outside court that prosecutors are still investigating if Cowell was motivated by hate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very, very troubling case,” she said. “It’s a brutal, horrific murder and attempted murder, and for our whole community it’s an awful situation. And that’s why were treating it with the seriousness that we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell did not enter a plea and his arraignment on murder and attempted murder charges was set over to a future date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad said his daughter was going to graduate “with very high honors” from Dewey Academy in December and planned to join the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I should be planning her graduation, not her funeral,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Chronicle on Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Former-victim-of-alleged-BART-killer-I-wish-13102052.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">detailed Cowell’s violent past\u003c/a>, a history that includes repeated episodes of violence and convictions for robbery, battery, assault with a deadly weapons and being under the influence of a controlled substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family said in their statement he had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was released from the Atascadero state mental hospital in May, but “there was not a place for him to go with most of the mental institutions being shut down,” the family said. They added that “the system has failed in this instance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to get a restraining order at one time as well for our own protection. He was living on the streets without the proper treatment,” the family said. “This is in no way an excuse for this senseless and vicious attack.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s mother, Anne Cowell, is serving a three-year sentence for setting fire to a transitional housing shelter in Santa Rosa, the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Vicky Waters said John Cowell had been under “active parole supervision and had no arrest warrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the agency is conducting a review and also cooperating with BART and local law enforcement in their investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family said it was “heartbroken” and mourning for the victims’ family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This horrific tragedy never should have happened,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>John Lee Cowell, the paroled robber arrested in Sunday night’s fatal knife attack at BART’s MacArthur Station, was formally charged with murder and attempted murder in Oakland on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell, 27, was charged in the stabbing that killed Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, and wounded her 26-year-old sister, Lahtifa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell was arrested Monday evening on an Antioch-bound BART train stopped at Pleasant Hill Station. Cowell made a brief appearance in Alameda County Superior Court and pleaded not guilty. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family told KRON-TV in a statement that he has suffered from mental illness “most of his life.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson’s father, Ansar Muhammad, said Wednesday he believed his daughters were attacked because they are black. Cowell is white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s an excuse. I hate to say that, but, you know, why would you choose two black girls?” Muhammad said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Nancy O’Malley said outside court that prosecutors are still investigating if Cowell was motivated by hate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very, very troubling case,” she said. “It’s a brutal, horrific murder and attempted murder, and for our whole community it’s an awful situation. And that’s why were treating it with the seriousness that we have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell did not enter a plea and his arraignment on murder and attempted murder charges was set over to a future date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muhammad said his daughter was going to graduate “with very high honors” from Dewey Academy in December and planned to join the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I should be planning her graduation, not her funeral,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Chronicle on Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Former-victim-of-alleged-BART-killer-I-wish-13102052.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">detailed Cowell’s violent past\u003c/a>, a history that includes repeated episodes of violence and convictions for robbery, battery, assault with a deadly weapons and being under the influence of a controlled substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family said in their statement he had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was released from the Atascadero state mental hospital in May, but “there was not a place for him to go with most of the mental institutions being shut down,” the family said. They added that “the system has failed in this instance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to get a restraining order at one time as well for our own protection. He was living on the streets without the proper treatment,” the family said. “This is in no way an excuse for this senseless and vicious attack.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s mother, Anne Cowell, is serving a three-year sentence for setting fire to a transitional housing shelter in Santa Rosa, the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Vicky Waters said John Cowell had been under “active parole supervision and had no arrest warrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the agency is conducting a review and also cooperating with BART and local law enforcement in their investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell’s family said it was “heartbroken” and mourning for the victims’ family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This horrific tragedy never should have happened,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Won't Judge Schools on Whether Student Test Scores Improve Over Time—Not Yet, Anyway",
"title": "California Won't Judge Schools on Whether Student Test Scores Improve Over Time—Not Yet, Anyway",
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"content": "\u003cp>Long Beach educators noticed something when they analyzed test scores last year from a handful of middle schools. All of them serve students who are predominantly low-income and Latino. And all of them posted fairly low scores—only between 20 and 30 percent of students were meeting state standards in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the others didn’t show much improvement over prior years, one school demonstrated tremendous growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators used that information to form a plan: Math teachers from the other schools visited Washington Middle School, the one that had dramatically improved. And the district sent math curriculum experts to the other schools to coach teacher teams on their lesson plans and classroom instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the latest test scores are not yet public, district officials say they show the plan worked: Students at the other middle schools are now improving too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows you the impact that that coaching support is having,” said Chris Lund, assistant superintendent of the Long Beach Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan was possible because Long Beach uses a special measurement to analyze student test scores—something used by only eight California districts. Called a “growth model,” it’s become the subject of a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2018/pressure-builds-to-change-how-california-measures-student-progress-on-state-tests/600062\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">raging debate\u003c/a> over how California reports schools’ test scores to parents and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is whether the state will measure students’ performance over time, revealing which schools help students learn more from one year to the next. That would mean, for example, reporting how this year’s fifth graders compare to last year’s fourth graders at a given school. The current system instead measures how this year’s fourth graders compare to last year’s fourth graders, so it doesn’t reveal whether individual students are actually learning more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for struggling students say measuring progress over time is key to closing the achievement gap that separates white, Asian-American and middle-class students from their black, Latino and low-income peers. For years, they’ve been lobbying state education officials to start measuring growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11682250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-160x194.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-240x291.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-375x455.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-520x632.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after studying several ways growth could be measured, the state board of education delayed making a decision, saying the metric yielded volatile results that don’t necessarily show if achievement gaps are closing. Activists lined up at the board meeting this month to plead with the board to take action so that parents and educators can start seeing growth measures soon. But to no avail—the board voted simply to continue studying the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s starting to sound to me like a lot of excuse-making,” said Carrie Hahnel, deputy director of Education Trust West, a group that advocates for disadvantaged students. “They could have said ‘We need to refine this model but we are still going to vote to include a growth model.’ They could have made the policy commitment while they resolve the technical details.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay has become another flashpoint in the years-long battle over how to narrow the achievement gap in California schools. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Statewide test scores\u003c/a> from last year show more than half of white and Asian-American students met or exceeded math standards, while the same was true for just 25 percent of Latino students and even fewer African-Americans. Reading and writing exams showed the same pattern. Though scores and testing regimes have changed, the overall trend in California has been similar for many years, through multiple superintendents, boards of education and pedagogical fads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the dispute also reflects an epic shift in how California is evaluating its schools—replacing a system based only on test scores with one that also measures factors like absenteeism, suspensions and graduation rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what scares me a little bit about this conversation,” board of education member Sue Burr said at the recent meeting about the growth model. “For the last four or five years, we have made a concerted effort to move away from making decisions based solely on test scores. And I feel a sucking motion pulling us back in that direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who want California to embrace a growth model point out that 40 other states already use some version of it. But the board president rebutted them, saying many of those states created a growth model as a way to evaluate teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an implication… that we are behind but maybe we are not,” Michael Kirst said. “Forty states did it but they had another reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linking test scores with teacher pay is a political non-starter in California. The teachers union staunchly opposes it and has a lot of influence on elected Democrats. The California Teachers Association\u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/en/Issues-and-Action/Ongoing-Issues/Policy-Brief-Assessment-and-Testing.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> has said\u003c/a> its teachers must “lead the process” of developing a growth model for the state, and that it should not be used “for purposes of pay, promotion, sanction, or personnel evaluation of an individual teacher or groups of teachers.” The teachers union supported the board’s decision to delay action and keep looking for another way to create a growth model, spokeswoman Claudia Briggs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eight districts in California using a growth model include Fresno, Garden Grove, Los Angeles, Oakland, Sacramento, San Francisco and Santa Ana, plus Long Beach. They banded together in 2010 to improve teacher training and now share test score data that includes a formula for measuring growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But growth models are not all the same—they can be based on different mathematical formulas—and state education officials said the version those districts use is unlikely to work for the state as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to predict whether the state will embrace a growth model at all, since the board of education is appointed by the governor, and Jerry Brown’s term will be over at the end of this year. But advocates who want it are not giving up. They’ve already begun thinking about how to leverage the issue next year—perhaps by lobbying the Legislature to get involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unlikely to happen under this governor,” Hahnel said. “But already we are looking to the next legislative session and that’s probably a valuable option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Eight California school districts use a special - and controversial - measurement called a \"growth model\" to analyze student test scores.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/laurel-rosenhall/\">Laurel Rosenhall\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Long Beach educators noticed something when they analyzed test scores last year from a handful of middle schools. All of them serve students who are predominantly low-income and Latino. And all of them posted fairly low scores—only between 20 and 30 percent of students were meeting state standards in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the others didn’t show much improvement over prior years, one school demonstrated tremendous growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators used that information to form a plan: Math teachers from the other schools visited Washington Middle School, the one that had dramatically improved. And the district sent math curriculum experts to the other schools to coach teacher teams on their lesson plans and classroom instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the latest test scores are not yet public, district officials say they show the plan worked: Students at the other middle schools are now improving too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows you the impact that that coaching support is having,” said Chris Lund, assistant superintendent of the Long Beach Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan was possible because Long Beach uses a special measurement to analyze student test scores—something used by only eight California districts. Called a “growth model,” it’s become the subject of a \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2018/pressure-builds-to-change-how-california-measures-student-progress-on-state-tests/600062\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">raging debate\u003c/a> over how California reports schools’ test scores to parents and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is whether the state will measure students’ performance over time, revealing which schools help students learn more from one year to the next. That would mean, for example, reporting how this year’s fifth graders compare to last year’s fourth graders at a given school. The current system instead measures how this year’s fourth graders compare to last year’s fourth graders, so it doesn’t reveal whether individual students are actually learning more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for struggling students say measuring progress over time is key to closing the achievement gap that separates white, Asian-American and middle-class students from their black, Latino and low-income peers. For years, they’ve been lobbying state education officials to start measuring growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11682250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-160x194.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-240x291.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-375x455.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/californias-achievement-gap-520x632.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after studying several ways growth could be measured, the state board of education delayed making a decision, saying the metric yielded volatile results that don’t necessarily show if achievement gaps are closing. Activists lined up at the board meeting this month to plead with the board to take action so that parents and educators can start seeing growth measures soon. But to no avail—the board voted simply to continue studying the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s starting to sound to me like a lot of excuse-making,” said Carrie Hahnel, deputy director of Education Trust West, a group that advocates for disadvantaged students. “They could have said ‘We need to refine this model but we are still going to vote to include a growth model.’ They could have made the policy commitment while they resolve the technical details.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay has become another flashpoint in the years-long battle over how to narrow the achievement gap in California schools. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel67a.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Statewide test scores\u003c/a> from last year show more than half of white and Asian-American students met or exceeded math standards, while the same was true for just 25 percent of Latino students and even fewer African-Americans. Reading and writing exams showed the same pattern. Though scores and testing regimes have changed, the overall trend in California has been similar for many years, through multiple superintendents, boards of education and pedagogical fads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the dispute also reflects an epic shift in how California is evaluating its schools—replacing a system based only on test scores with one that also measures factors like absenteeism, suspensions and graduation rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what scares me a little bit about this conversation,” board of education member Sue Burr said at the recent meeting about the growth model. “For the last four or five years, we have made a concerted effort to move away from making decisions based solely on test scores. And I feel a sucking motion pulling us back in that direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who want California to embrace a growth model point out that 40 other states already use some version of it. But the board president rebutted them, saying many of those states created a growth model as a way to evaluate teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an implication… that we are behind but maybe we are not,” Michael Kirst said. “Forty states did it but they had another reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linking test scores with teacher pay is a political non-starter in California. The teachers union staunchly opposes it and has a lot of influence on elected Democrats. The California Teachers Association\u003ca href=\"https://www.cta.org/en/Issues-and-Action/Ongoing-Issues/Policy-Brief-Assessment-and-Testing.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> has said\u003c/a> its teachers must “lead the process” of developing a growth model for the state, and that it should not be used “for purposes of pay, promotion, sanction, or personnel evaluation of an individual teacher or groups of teachers.” The teachers union supported the board’s decision to delay action and keep looking for another way to create a growth model, spokeswoman Claudia Briggs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eight districts in California using a growth model include Fresno, Garden Grove, Los Angeles, Oakland, Sacramento, San Francisco and Santa Ana, plus Long Beach. They banded together in 2010 to improve teacher training and now share test score data that includes a formula for measuring growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But growth models are not all the same—they can be based on different mathematical formulas—and state education officials said the version those districts use is unlikely to work for the state as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to predict whether the state will embrace a growth model at all, since the board of education is appointed by the governor, and Jerry Brown’s term will be over at the end of this year. But advocates who want it are not giving up. They’ve already begun thinking about how to leverage the issue next year—perhaps by lobbying the Legislature to get involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unlikely to happen under this governor,” Hahnel said. “But already we are looking to the next legislative session and that’s probably a valuable option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "BART Police Arrest Suspect in Fatal MacArthur Station Knife Attack",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Later coverage:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682614/bart-stabbing-suspect-charged-with-murder\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">BART Stabbing Suspect Charged With Murder\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:10 p.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong> John Lee Cowell has been booked under suspicion of first-degree murder and assault with a deadly weapon not a firearm following a fatal stabbing at Oakland’s MacArthur BART Station on Sunday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell is accused of stabbing Nia Wilson, 18, and her sister, Lahtifa Wilson, 26. Nia died at the scene. Lahtifa was critically injured and has been released from the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County sheriff’s Sgt. Ray Kelly said Cowell is being held in protective custody at Santa Rita Jail “based on the severity of his charges and the amount of public attention this case is getting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s people within the jail, I’m sure if they could take a shot at Mr. Cowell, they probably would based on a lot of the sentiment that’s out there right now,” Kelly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell is expected to be arraigned on Wednesday morning. Kelly said the Sheriff’s Department expects the arraignment will draw large crowds, and the department will likely have extra deputies at the courthouse for security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 8:30 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong> BART says its police officers arrested murder suspect John Lee Cowell at the system’s Pleasant Hill Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART said officers took Cowell into custody “without incident” after an anonymous tip from a passenger. Cowell, who police say was captured on surveillance video Sunday night stabbing two women at Oakland’s MacArthur Station, was aboard an Antioch-bound train when he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, died in the Sunday night attack. Her sister, Lahtifa Wilson, 26, was critically injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART Police Chief Carlos Rojas said during a media briefing in Oakland that two officers found Cowell during a search of the train, which had been held at Pleasant Hill following a passenger’s call that the murder suspect was aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said that Cowell readily admitted his identity and provided a California ID card when officers requested it. Rojas added that Cowell was unarmed when officers detained him around 6:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vigil for the stabbing victims at MacArthur Station early Monday evening was followed by a march to downtown Oakland. East Bay Express reporter Darwin BondGraham estimated the crowd that moved south on Telegraph Avenue at 1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/DarwinBondGraha/status/1021568669002825728\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Alex Helmick said several dozen people later gathered at 20th and Broadway, shouting “Pigs go home,” prompting a contingent of five BART police officers to leave the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helicopter video from KTVU and ABC7 showed about 50 people gathered nearby, at 17th Street and Telegraph Avenue, with dozens more facing a police line farther down Broadway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682187\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11682187\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-800x563.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-800x563.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1020x718.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1200x844.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-960x676.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-240x169.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-375x264.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-520x366.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vigil for BART stabbing victim Nia Wilson at MacArthur BART turned into a march downtown. Small crowds like this one at 20th Street and Broadway gathered at several locations early Monday evening. \u003ccite>(Alex Helmick/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, last updated 3:30 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong> Police are searching for a 27-year-old man they say escaped after fatally stabbing an Oakland teenager and seriously wounding her sister at the transit agency’s MacArthur Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART Police Chief Carlos Rojas said in a media briefing Monday afternoon that the suspect, identified as John Lee Cowell, was seen in surveillance video attacking the two victims, then changing clothes as he fled through a nearby parking structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART also disclosed Monday the deaths of two other patrons that occurred in unrelated incidents over the past week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a BART statement on the Sunday night stabbing, the suspect boarded a train with the victims at the system’s Concord Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART said transit police officers who were already at MacArthur were alerted at 9:36 p.m. Sunday about a man with a knife on one the station’s two platforms. When they responded, they found Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, and her 26-year-old sister, Lahtifa, suffering from stab wounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said the two women, along with a third sister, were on the platform to transfer to another train when the suspect approached them with a knife and “struck very rapidly.” He called it “one of the most vicious attacks I’ve seen” in nearly 30 years of police experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was reminiscent of a prison yard assault, where you have an individual with a sharp object or a shank,” Rojas said. “And they do their attack so quickly that before anybody can really react, the person takes off running.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson died at the scene. Her sister was rushed to a hospital with life-threatening injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/meganrcassidy/status/1021296996697559040\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART said officers identified Cowell from surveillance images captured by onboard and station platform cameras. They described Cowell as white, 5 feet 8 inches tall, weighing 190 pounds, with short, dark hair and a closely cropped beard and mustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said Cowell, who was described as a transient, is “a violent felon who is currently on parole.” He said officers had found a knife they believe to be the weapon used in the attack from a construction site adjacent to MacArthur Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682082\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 204px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11682082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png 204w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original-160x326.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART released this surveillance image of John Lee Cowell, named as the suspect in a fatal Sunday night knife attack at Oakland’s MacArthur Station. \u003ccite>(BART)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>BART police said Cowell should be considered dangerous and anyone who sees him should immediately call 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said the motive for the attack was unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums, Nia Wilson’s godfather and a member of Oakland’s “Stop Killing Our Kids” anti-violence group, appeared with Rojas at the media briefing. He said Nia Wilson and her sister “didn’t ask to get cut or stabbed. Those are baby girls. Those are our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the midst of social media threads that have pointed to a possible racial motive for a white suspect’s attack on black women, Allums said, “We need the community, especially the African-American community, to stand down. … I’m in fear right now. We don’t know if this was racist, we don’t know if it was random, we don’t know what it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Stop Killing Our Kids would hold a vigil at MacArthur Station from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In answer to a reporter’s question, Rojas said police don’t have any information connecting Cowell to hate groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that’s something we haven’t taken off the table, and we’ll look into that,” he said. “I know there’s been a lot of conversation on social media regarding that, but I don’t have one piece of evidence that this is race-related.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>BART Discloses Fatalities in Two Other Incidents\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>BART police also reported Monday that they were working to identify a suspect seen in a fatal assault early Saturday at Bay Fair Station in San Leandro. They said that at 1:20 a.m. Saturday, officers responded to a report of a man injured on the station platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transit agency said a review of surveillance images showed that a man struck Don Stevens, 47, on the side of the head with a closed fist after an argument. Stevens struck his head on the concrete floor of the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way I could describe it is cold-cocking him in the side of the head,” Rojas said. “It’s completely unexpected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers performed CPR until paramedics arrived, BART said, but Stevens was declared brain-dead at a local hospital. He was removed from life support and died Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART police describe the suspect as a black male, 5 feet 8 inches tall with a medium build, shoulder-length dreadlocks in a ponytail, and a scruffy beard. The suspect was wearing a white T-shirt and a green jacket at the time of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682071\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 606px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/bayfairsuspect.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11682071\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/bayfairsuspect.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"743\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART police released this surveillance image of a man they say is a suspect in a fatal assault on another man early Saturday at Bay Fair Station in San Leandro. \u003ccite>(BART)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a third incident, BART reported that Gerald Busbee, 51, of Pittsburg, died last week two days after suffering what appeared to be minor injuries in an altercation at the Pleasant Hill Station with a fellow passenger identified as Abdul Bey, 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said that Busbee was injured in a fight last Wednesday apparently provoked by what he described as “mad-dogging” — a staredown — between the two passengers. Busbee suffered a cut lip and a cut on his knee that Rojas described as about one-eighth of an inch long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bey was arrested after a lengthy foot pursuit, Rojas said. He was charged at the time with one count of battery on a transit passenger and five counts of resisting arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busbee later went to a local hospital, complaining he wasn’t feeling well, Rojas said. He was sent home after an examination, but was found dead in bed at his home on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BART chief said an autopsy had determined that the cause of death appeared to be an infection arising from the cut on Busbee’s knee. He said the investigation is ongoing and BART police are conferring with Contra Costa authorities about charges in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three fatal incidents in less than a week appear unprecedented in BART history. The last incident in which a BART passenger died as a result of an attack by a fellow rider occurred in January 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when Carlos Misael Funez-Romero, 19, of Antioch was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10827994/suspect-escaped-after-fatal-bart-shooting-on-saturday-night\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shot and killed\u003c/a> aboard a San Francisco-bound train pulling into the West Oakland station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to that killing, the most recent homicide aboard BART was believed to have occurred in the late 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Funez-Romero killing has not been solved. However, the incident brought to light the fact that virtually all of the “cameras” aboard BART’s train fleet were actually decoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has since installed working cameras on all its cars.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "BART Police Arrest Suspect in Fatal MacArthur Station Knife Attack | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Later coverage:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682614/bart-stabbing-suspect-charged-with-murder\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">BART Stabbing Suspect Charged With Murder\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:10 p.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong> John Lee Cowell has been booked under suspicion of first-degree murder and assault with a deadly weapon not a firearm following a fatal stabbing at Oakland’s MacArthur BART Station on Sunday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell is accused of stabbing Nia Wilson, 18, and her sister, Lahtifa Wilson, 26. Nia died at the scene. Lahtifa was critically injured and has been released from the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County sheriff’s Sgt. Ray Kelly said Cowell is being held in protective custody at Santa Rita Jail “based on the severity of his charges and the amount of public attention this case is getting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s people within the jail, I’m sure if they could take a shot at Mr. Cowell, they probably would based on a lot of the sentiment that’s out there right now,” Kelly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cowell is expected to be arraigned on Wednesday morning. Kelly said the Sheriff’s Department expects the arraignment will draw large crowds, and the department will likely have extra deputies at the courthouse for security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 8:30 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong> BART says its police officers arrested murder suspect John Lee Cowell at the system’s Pleasant Hill Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART said officers took Cowell into custody “without incident” after an anonymous tip from a passenger. Cowell, who police say was captured on surveillance video Sunday night stabbing two women at Oakland’s MacArthur Station, was aboard an Antioch-bound train when he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, died in the Sunday night attack. Her sister, Lahtifa Wilson, 26, was critically injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART Police Chief Carlos Rojas said during a media briefing in Oakland that two officers found Cowell during a search of the train, which had been held at Pleasant Hill following a passenger’s call that the murder suspect was aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said that Cowell readily admitted his identity and provided a California ID card when officers requested it. Rojas added that Cowell was unarmed when officers detained him around 6:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vigil for the stabbing victims at MacArthur Station early Monday evening was followed by a march to downtown Oakland. East Bay Express reporter Darwin BondGraham estimated the crowd that moved south on Telegraph Avenue at 1,000.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Alex Helmick said several dozen people later gathered at 20th and Broadway, shouting “Pigs go home,” prompting a contingent of five BART police officers to leave the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helicopter video from KTVU and ABC7 showed about 50 people gathered nearby, at 17th Street and Telegraph Avenue, with dozens more facing a police line farther down Broadway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682187\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11682187\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-800x563.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-800x563.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1020x718.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1200x844.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-960x676.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-240x169.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-375x264.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/wilsonvigil180723-520x366.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vigil for BART stabbing victim Nia Wilson at MacArthur BART turned into a march downtown. Small crowds like this one at 20th Street and Broadway gathered at several locations early Monday evening. \u003ccite>(Alex Helmick/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, last updated 3:30 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong> Police are searching for a 27-year-old man they say escaped after fatally stabbing an Oakland teenager and seriously wounding her sister at the transit agency’s MacArthur Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART Police Chief Carlos Rojas said in a media briefing Monday afternoon that the suspect, identified as John Lee Cowell, was seen in surveillance video attacking the two victims, then changing clothes as he fled through a nearby parking structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART also disclosed Monday the deaths of two other patrons that occurred in unrelated incidents over the past week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a BART statement on the Sunday night stabbing, the suspect boarded a train with the victims at the system’s Concord Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART said transit police officers who were already at MacArthur were alerted at 9:36 p.m. Sunday about a man with a knife on one the station’s two platforms. When they responded, they found Nia Wilson, 18, of Oakland, and her 26-year-old sister, Lahtifa, suffering from stab wounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said the two women, along with a third sister, were on the platform to transfer to another train when the suspect approached them with a knife and “struck very rapidly.” He called it “one of the most vicious attacks I’ve seen” in nearly 30 years of police experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was reminiscent of a prison yard assault, where you have an individual with a sharp object or a shank,” Rojas said. “And they do their attack so quickly that before anybody can really react, the person takes off running.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nia Wilson died at the scene. Her sister was rushed to a hospital with life-threatening injuries.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>BART said officers identified Cowell from surveillance images captured by onboard and station platform cameras. They described Cowell as white, 5 feet 8 inches tall, weighing 190 pounds, with short, dark hair and a closely cropped beard and mustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said Cowell, who was described as a transient, is “a violent felon who is currently on parole.” He said officers had found a knife they believe to be the weapon used in the attack from a construction site adjacent to MacArthur Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682082\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 204px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11682082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original.png 204w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/macarthur-murder-suspect-on-platform_original-160x326.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART released this surveillance image of John Lee Cowell, named as the suspect in a fatal Sunday night knife attack at Oakland’s MacArthur Station. \u003ccite>(BART)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>BART police said Cowell should be considered dangerous and anyone who sees him should immediately call 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said the motive for the attack was unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums, Nia Wilson’s godfather and a member of Oakland’s “Stop Killing Our Kids” anti-violence group, appeared with Rojas at the media briefing. He said Nia Wilson and her sister “didn’t ask to get cut or stabbed. Those are baby girls. Those are our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the midst of social media threads that have pointed to a possible racial motive for a white suspect’s attack on black women, Allums said, “We need the community, especially the African-American community, to stand down. … I’m in fear right now. We don’t know if this was racist, we don’t know if it was random, we don’t know what it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Stop Killing Our Kids would hold a vigil at MacArthur Station from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m. Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In answer to a reporter’s question, Rojas said police don’t have any information connecting Cowell to hate groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that’s something we haven’t taken off the table, and we’ll look into that,” he said. “I know there’s been a lot of conversation on social media regarding that, but I don’t have one piece of evidence that this is race-related.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>BART Discloses Fatalities in Two Other Incidents\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>BART police also reported Monday that they were working to identify a suspect seen in a fatal assault early Saturday at Bay Fair Station in San Leandro. They said that at 1:20 a.m. Saturday, officers responded to a report of a man injured on the station platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transit agency said a review of surveillance images showed that a man struck Don Stevens, 47, on the side of the head with a closed fist after an argument. Stevens struck his head on the concrete floor of the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way I could describe it is cold-cocking him in the side of the head,” Rojas said. “It’s completely unexpected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers performed CPR until paramedics arrived, BART said, but Stevens was declared brain-dead at a local hospital. He was removed from life support and died Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART police describe the suspect as a black male, 5 feet 8 inches tall with a medium build, shoulder-length dreadlocks in a ponytail, and a scruffy beard. The suspect was wearing a white T-shirt and a green jacket at the time of the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11682071\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 606px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/bayfairsuspect.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11682071\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/bayfairsuspect.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"743\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART police released this surveillance image of a man they say is a suspect in a fatal assault on another man early Saturday at Bay Fair Station in San Leandro. \u003ccite>(BART)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a third incident, BART reported that Gerald Busbee, 51, of Pittsburg, died last week two days after suffering what appeared to be minor injuries in an altercation at the Pleasant Hill Station with a fellow passenger identified as Abdul Bey, 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rojas said that Busbee was injured in a fight last Wednesday apparently provoked by what he described as “mad-dogging” — a staredown — between the two passengers. Busbee suffered a cut lip and a cut on his knee that Rojas described as about one-eighth of an inch long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bey was arrested after a lengthy foot pursuit, Rojas said. He was charged at the time with one count of battery on a transit passenger and five counts of resisting arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busbee later went to a local hospital, complaining he wasn’t feeling well, Rojas said. He was sent home after an examination, but was found dead in bed at his home on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BART chief said an autopsy had determined that the cause of death appeared to be an infection arising from the cut on Busbee’s knee. He said the investigation is ongoing and BART police are conferring with Contra Costa authorities about charges in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three fatal incidents in less than a week appear unprecedented in BART history. The last incident in which a BART passenger died as a result of an attack by a fellow rider occurred in January 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when Carlos Misael Funez-Romero, 19, of Antioch was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10827994/suspect-escaped-after-fatal-bart-shooting-on-saturday-night\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shot and killed\u003c/a> aboard a San Francisco-bound train pulling into the West Oakland station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to that killing, the most recent homicide aboard BART was believed to have occurred in the late 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Funez-Romero killing has not been solved. However, the incident brought to light the fact that virtually all of the “cameras” aboard BART’s train fleet were actually decoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "California Teacher Pension Debt Swamps School Budgets | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]C[/dropcap]alifornia’s public schools have enjoyed a remarkable restoration of funding since the bone-deep cuts they endured during the recession, but many are now facing a grave financial threat as they struggle to protect pensions crucial for teachers’ retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, schools may need to use well over half of all the new money they’re projected to receive to cover their growing pension obligations, leaving little extra for classrooms, state Department of Finance and Legislative Analyst’s Office estimates show. This is true even though the California State Teachers’ Retirement System just beat its investment goals for the second straight year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some districts are predicting deficits and many districts are bracing for what’s to come by cutting programs, reducing staff or drawing down their reserves — even though per-pupil funding is at its highest level in three decades and voters recently extended a tax hike on the rich to help pay for schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, some districts are grappling with how to simultaneously afford raises for teachers who have threatened to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation could become even more bleak if California’s economy doesn’t keep growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s another recession – which economists say is increasingly likely given the record length of the expansion underway now – the higher pension payments scheduled could push some districts deeper into the red, Legislative Analyst’s Office data indicates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many districts’ budgets would be upside down with expenses growing faster than revenues,” said Michael Fine, CEO of the Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance Team, the state agency responsible for overseeing schools with financial problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School systems that saved money over the last few years will be able to use it to buy time, Fine said, but those reserves “won’t eliminate the impact or make that problem go away.” Tackling it will likely require new sources of revenue or an array of cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Building maintenance could suffer, grounds care could suffer, class size could suffer, instructional coaches could suffer, athletic programs could suffer, technology could suffer, intervention programs could suffer,” Fine said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problems stem from the state Legislature’s reticence to mandate steeper payments into the California State Teachers’ Retirement System. The system was badly underfunded and careening toward collapse four years ago when school districts, teachers and the state all agreed to pay more to reduce its unfunded liability, which now stands at $107 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts took on the greatest share of those new costs, agreeing to increase payments from 8 percent of their payroll in 2013 to 19 percent by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/f998ace5-4597-45ca-a73a-d7e8b24c4e93?src=embed\" title=\"Pension Cost Growth Two \" height=\"1050\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>No matter how burdensome the larger and larger pension payments may be, actuaries say they’re necessary to protect teachers’ hard-earned retirement and prevent the system from running out of money. Teachers don’t get social security, and unlike firefighters or police officers, most retirees earn modest pensions of about $55,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Brown administration has directed an additional $20 billion to the state’s public schools since 2013 and says districts have had plenty of time to plan for the pension payments ahead. But many school leaders and advocates want the state to invest even more, especially since California still ranks \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/how-does-california-rank-in-per-pupil-spending-it-all-depends/577405\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">near the bottom in per-pupil spending\u003c/a> compared to other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that these liabilities were growing, we provided districts with the resources they needed to plan accordingly,” said H.D. Palmer, a spokesman for the state Department of Finance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the state’s largest teachers union is downplaying the problem and encouraging its members to bargain for raises. California’s teachers may be among the nation’s most generously paid, but they say the money doesn’t go very far because the state’s cost of living is so high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials are left with a Gordian knot of politically charged problems, forced to make escalating payments into the pension fund while trying to elevate disadvantaged students’ sagging classroom performance, which remains among the country’s worst despite the state’s big investment in their learning through a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-big-investment-needy-students-few-signs-achievement-gap-closing/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">policy\u003c/a> championed by Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to graduate more kids and close academic achievement gaps, but we can’t move the needle when costs are rising like this,” said Dennis Meyers, executive director of the California School Boards Association, who stressed that his group is not seeking to reduce teachers’ retirement benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We simply need more revenue, and we’re out here waving the white flag, looking for relief,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of California’s school districts is bound to tackle these challenges differently, so CALmatters visited three of them whose circumstances are emblematic of what others across the state are experiencing. During those visits, we spoke with the people working to solve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified devotes a greater share of its budget to salary than any other district in the state (discover the percentage devoted to salaries at each of California’s school districts \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/California-School-Districts-Percentage-Budget-Salary.xlsx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>). So when the largest pension payments are phased in, Fremont will be hit especially hard. That means the district’s budget could face cuts even as enrollment in the Bay Area school system grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified knew that larger pension payments were coming and saved money to prepare for them. Then the local teachers union criticized the district for hoarding cash and threatened to strike. Now, the contested funds are being used to finance a raise that teachers say is long overdue and that the county superintendent believes the district can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Los Angeles, growing demand for charter schools and a dwindling birth rate has led to declining enrollment in the district’s own schools, which means pension payments will rise even as the district’s state funding shrinks. School officials recently predicted that a quarter billion dollar budget deficit was just two years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]R[/dropcap]aul Parungao’s distinctive grin and his cheery demeanor belie his concern about Fremont Unified’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Situated between Oakland and San Jose in the pricey Bay Area, the school system pays its employees more than most. That makes it a desirable place to work but also means it will be hit especially hard when the largest payments required under Brown’s pension plan are phased in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this sense in the community that we’re flush with cash, but I try to remind people about the other half of the story,” said Parungao, the district’s chief business officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681903\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"407\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11681903\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raul Parungao, Fremont Unified’s chief business officer, with trustee Michele Berke. \u003ccite>(Penni Gladstone/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though revenue is rising because enrollment is growing, the district must hire and pay more employees to serve them. And over the next three years, while Fremont predicts its revenue will grow by $26 million, a 7 percent bump, it also expects its employee pension and health care costs to climb by $14 million, a 23 percent surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the bottom line: The extra revenue we expect to get from the state won’t be enough to keep pace with our pension contributions,” Parungao said. “The problem hasn’t exploded big yet, but it will. It’s only a matter of time. I haven’t met another chief business official who isn’t concerned about this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Fremont’s teachers just won a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.k12.ca.us/fusd\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">small raise\u003c/a> after months of protracted negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current pay scale is competitive, with veterans making $114,000 a year, but leaders of the local union say about half of teachers still don’t make enough to live in the district and must commute from up to an hour away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no matter how tough it may be for the district to afford this 1 percent pay hike, teachers deserve one, said Victoria Birbeck, the union’s president.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/19d30e2b-8791-436d-94de-bd2353e8ac69?src=embed\" title=\"Fremont\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The series of small raises we’ve received haven’t covered cost of living,” she said. “Besides, the district has known about the governor’s plan for a few years now. There should have been better planning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parungao said planning isn’t the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district stretched to offer teachers a raise last year and even had to shift its budget by millions of dollars to accommodate that 2 percent increase, which came after a 13 percent bump over the prior three years. Plans to upgrade students’ textbooks and computers were postponed and class size for kindergarten, first and second grade students increased slightly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the district’s rising pension and other fixed costs, the new agreement’s $7 million price tag will be tough to accommodate. Still, Michele Burke, one of the district’s board members, acknowledged that for many teachers, $1 spent on pensions isn’t as good as $1 spent on salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we negotiate with the union, STRS is the elephant in the room,” she said in an interview before the deal was finalized, referring to the acronym for the California State Teachers’ Retirement System. “We’re paying toward your future, but those payments don’t help put food on the dinner table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/KOn_d1ibZeA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]acramento Mayor Darrell Steinberg only worked with a few key players one weekend last fall when he helped broker a deal to avert a citywide teacher strike, and former school board president Jay Hansen was one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen had tried for months to negotiate the terms of a pay increase for the city’s 3,000 teachers, but the district and leaders of the local teachers union were far apart and neither side would budge. An acrimonious relationship between the two camps was partly to blame for the impasse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the Hatfields and the McCoys,” Hansen said. “No one remembers why they can’t get along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue during the talks was the $81 million sitting in Sacramento City Unified’s savings account, a sum the district had built up over several years with spoils from California’s booming economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union said the money should go toward class size reduction and raises for teachers that would make the district a more attractive place to work. Sacramento educators are paid less than their peers in nearby districts, but they also receive more generous lifetime health benefits, records show. The district said that it had saved the money to help cover rising pension and employee health care costs in the lean budget years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/36fabd5e-1e48-40df-baff-4d7add5c5696?src=embed\" title=\"Sacramento\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the end, Steinberg helped craft an agreement that gives Sacramento teachers an 11 percent raise over three years. But just a few weeks after Steinberg announced the deal during a celebratory news conference on the steps of City Hall, Sacramento County Superintendent Dave Gordon delivered some bad news: The district can’t afford it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based on the review of the public disclosure and the multi-year projections provided by the district, our office has concerns over the district’s ability to afford this compensation package and maintain ongoing fiscal solvency,” Gordon wrote in a December letter to the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s own budget offers proof of Gordon’s concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the school system anticipates its revenue will grow by $6 million, a 1 percent increase, while its pension and health care costs grow by more than $18 million, an 11 percent increase. A popular summer program for struggling students has already been eliminated to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second letter Gordon sent in January further underscores his concerns. He called the district’s plan to use one-time money to help cover the cost of the new contract a “poor business practice” that “only perpetuates the district’s ongoing structural deficit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pension contributions are putting a strain on everyone’s budgets,” Gordon said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though Hansen had been the union’s adversary during months of stalled contract talks, he defended the district’s decision to offer teachers a raise, calling it “the right thing to do” despite the school system’s escalating pension and health care costs. “We did it anyway,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg echoed Hansen’s perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A strike would have been calamitous for everybody,” he said. And Sacramento isn’t the only place in California where teachers are thinking about a show of force. At least half a dozen other local unions fighting for higher wages have held labor actions in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with CALmatters that union leaders cut short after refusing to answer some questions, Sacramento Teachers Association Executive Director John Borsos rejected any suggestion that the district won’t be able to afford the contract it recently signed or that it ever claimed to have needed the money stockpiled in its savings account to cover rising pension costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have more than enough to cover the pension increases,” Borsos said. “And they didn’t make that argument at the bargaining table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]G[/dropcap]ov. Jerry Brown promised his 2014 funding plan would shore-up California’s teacher pension system, but at least one young Los Angeles teacher, Josh Brown, says he’s not counting on it. The Oliver Wendell Holmes Middle School special educator is so worried about the system’s solvency that he has an alternative retirement plan: using a portion of his salary to invest in the stock market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a fifth-year teacher, I’m 30 years old, and I’m paying into a pension system that may or may not be around when I retire,” he said. “If I were 65-years-old and retiring soon, I would feel differently. Right now, I feel frustrated and worried.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest payments required under the plan will be tough for many districts to manage, but they’re going to be especially vexing for large urban districts like Los Angeles Unified, which lost 100,000 students in the last decade and expects to shed more (\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/Los-Angeles-Unified-Underenrolled-Schools-.xlsx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here’s the toll\u003c/a> of that under-enrollment, school by school). That’s a problem because California’s schools are funded on a per-pupil basis and fewer students means less money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, the swift enrollment decline is due to a dwindling birthrate and growing demand for charter schools, which are publicly funded but independently run, meaning their budgets are separate from the district’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the district anticipates its employee pension and health care costs will climb $90 million, a 5 percent increase, while its revenue dips about $270 million, a 4 percent decline. The result is a $258 million budget deficit in 2020 that the district can no longer paper over, push off or ignore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have to tighten our belts to save our schools,” said Nick Melvoin, a board member whose stark views on district finances have been criticized by skeptical local union leaders and fellow board members. “We’re in a death spiral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district plans to tackle the deficit with a one-time $105 million bailout from the state and central office staff reductions. But observers says officials will soon need to consider some painful measures it has so far been able to avoid, like boosting high school class sizes or closing schools with dwindling numbers of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 55 schools across the district are under-enrolled by a quarter, and 10 of those are half empty, a CALmatters analysis of building capacity and enrollment data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our costs are rising, and as a result, there are hard choices and trade-offs to make each time we look at the budget,” said Scott Price, the district’s chief financial officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681902\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11681902\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-520x293.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New L.A. schools Supt. Austin Beutner chats with children at Cleveland Early Education Center/Cleveland Infant Center in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug/Los Angeles Times)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parent Paul Robak fears that if the district doesn’t tackle its budget problems soon, it could be taken over by the state. At a recent board meeting, he urged the members to reject a healthcare spending plan that would further squeeze the budget. The members listened and thanked him for testifying before approving the agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as if the board members are prancing down the lane and covering their ears, pretending nothing’s wrong,” said Robak, who has been active on the district’s parent councils for a decade. “Everyone will lose if we fail to act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Board member Kelly Gonez also acknowledged the district’s budget woes and the pressure of rising pension and health care costs but said officials should be trying to ease the pain by finding new sources of revenue, not by making cuts. All but one other board member declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as a fiscal crisis looms, Los Angeles teachers are negotiating for a raise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone who works in the district comes to work with an expectation they’re going to be treated fairly. They need to be treated fairly,” Austin Beutner, a former investment banker and the district’s new superintendent, told the Los Angeles Times. “How we strike that balance remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United Teachers Los Angeles President Alex Caputo-Pearl declined CALmatters’ request for an interview. However, at a Pepperdine University \u003ca href=\"http://laschoolreport.com/now-is-the-time-pepperdine-gathers-education-policy-voices-to-foster-collaboration/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">event\u003c/a> held before the state bailout was announced, he pledged to keep pushing for more money and predicted that the state would come through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we take it off the table,” Caputo-Pearl said, “then we are acknowledging that the public district system is going to go off a fiscal cliff, which (is something) I’m not willing to acknowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]F[/dropcap]looded with calls from anxious school officials, Sen. Anthony Portantino of La Cañada Flintridge and several other Democrats pushed earlier this year for a fix that would boost districts’ funding by $1 billion a year. In the end, Portantino convinced Brown to include about half as much in the state budget he signed a few weeks ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He insisted that the money be “flexible,” meaning districts may use it to cover rising pension costs or for anything else. But California’s schools are still underfunded compared to other states, and to better fulfill their responsibility to students and taxpayers, that must change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a few months, we’ll have a new governor with a new set of priorities,” Portantino said. “Is there more to do? Absolutely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalSTRS’ first official report on the impact of districts’ growing pension obligations is due to the Legislature mid next year, when school budgets will likely be squeezed the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Fine hopes a recession doesn’t strike soon and that districts can manage their budgets without needing to make cuts or send out pink slips. He was a deputy superintendent in Riverside during the Great Recession and remembers how painful it was to carry out round after round of layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We lost one of the best counselors and some very bright teachers. I had to layoff someone who years earlier had taught my young children how to swim,” Fine said. “I remember their faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Over the next three years, schools may need to use well over half of all the new money they’re projected to receive to cover their growing pension obligations, leaving little extra for classrooms, state Department of Finance and Legislative Analyst’s Office estimates show.",
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"title": "California Teacher Pension Debt Swamps School Budgets | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/jessica-calefati-wp/\">Jessica Calefati\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">C\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>alifornia’s public schools have enjoyed a remarkable restoration of funding since the bone-deep cuts they endured during the recession, but many are now facing a grave financial threat as they struggle to protect pensions crucial for teachers’ retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, schools may need to use well over half of all the new money they’re projected to receive to cover their growing pension obligations, leaving little extra for classrooms, state Department of Finance and Legislative Analyst’s Office estimates show. This is true even though the California State Teachers’ Retirement System just beat its investment goals for the second straight year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some districts are predicting deficits and many districts are bracing for what’s to come by cutting programs, reducing staff or drawing down their reserves — even though per-pupil funding is at its highest level in three decades and voters recently extended a tax hike on the rich to help pay for schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, some districts are grappling with how to simultaneously afford raises for teachers who have threatened to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation could become even more bleak if California’s economy doesn’t keep growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s another recession – which economists say is increasingly likely given the record length of the expansion underway now – the higher pension payments scheduled could push some districts deeper into the red, Legislative Analyst’s Office data indicates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many districts’ budgets would be upside down with expenses growing faster than revenues,” said Michael Fine, CEO of the Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance Team, the state agency responsible for overseeing schools with financial problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School systems that saved money over the last few years will be able to use it to buy time, Fine said, but those reserves “won’t eliminate the impact or make that problem go away.” Tackling it will likely require new sources of revenue or an array of cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Building maintenance could suffer, grounds care could suffer, class size could suffer, instructional coaches could suffer, athletic programs could suffer, technology could suffer, intervention programs could suffer,” Fine said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problems stem from the state Legislature’s reticence to mandate steeper payments into the California State Teachers’ Retirement System. The system was badly underfunded and careening toward collapse four years ago when school districts, teachers and the state all agreed to pay more to reduce its unfunded liability, which now stands at $107 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts took on the greatest share of those new costs, agreeing to increase payments from 8 percent of their payroll in 2013 to 19 percent by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/f998ace5-4597-45ca-a73a-d7e8b24c4e93?src=embed\" title=\"Pension Cost Growth Two \" height=\"1050\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>No matter how burdensome the larger and larger pension payments may be, actuaries say they’re necessary to protect teachers’ hard-earned retirement and prevent the system from running out of money. Teachers don’t get social security, and unlike firefighters or police officers, most retirees earn modest pensions of about $55,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Brown administration has directed an additional $20 billion to the state’s public schools since 2013 and says districts have had plenty of time to plan for the pension payments ahead. But many school leaders and advocates want the state to invest even more, especially since California still ranks \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2017/how-does-california-rank-in-per-pupil-spending-it-all-depends/577405\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">near the bottom in per-pupil spending\u003c/a> compared to other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that these liabilities were growing, we provided districts with the resources they needed to plan accordingly,” said H.D. Palmer, a spokesman for the state Department of Finance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the state’s largest teachers union is downplaying the problem and encouraging its members to bargain for raises. California’s teachers may be among the nation’s most generously paid, but they say the money doesn’t go very far because the state’s cost of living is so high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials are left with a Gordian knot of politically charged problems, forced to make escalating payments into the pension fund while trying to elevate disadvantaged students’ sagging classroom performance, which remains among the country’s worst despite the state’s big investment in their learning through a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-big-investment-needy-students-few-signs-achievement-gap-closing/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">policy\u003c/a> championed by Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to graduate more kids and close academic achievement gaps, but we can’t move the needle when costs are rising like this,” said Dennis Meyers, executive director of the California School Boards Association, who stressed that his group is not seeking to reduce teachers’ retirement benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We simply need more revenue, and we’re out here waving the white flag, looking for relief,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of California’s school districts is bound to tackle these challenges differently, so CALmatters visited three of them whose circumstances are emblematic of what others across the state are experiencing. During those visits, we spoke with the people working to solve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified devotes a greater share of its budget to salary than any other district in the state (discover the percentage devoted to salaries at each of California’s school districts \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/California-School-Districts-Percentage-Budget-Salary.xlsx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>). So when the largest pension payments are phased in, Fremont will be hit especially hard. That means the district’s budget could face cuts even as enrollment in the Bay Area school system grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento City Unified knew that larger pension payments were coming and saved money to prepare for them. Then the local teachers union criticized the district for hoarding cash and threatened to strike. Now, the contested funds are being used to finance a raise that teachers say is long overdue and that the county superintendent believes the district can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Los Angeles, growing demand for charter schools and a dwindling birth rate has led to declining enrollment in the district’s own schools, which means pension payments will rise even as the district’s state funding shrinks. School officials recently predicted that a quarter billion dollar budget deficit was just two years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">R\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>aul Parungao’s distinctive grin and his cheery demeanor belie his concern about Fremont Unified’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Situated between Oakland and San Jose in the pricey Bay Area, the school system pays its employees more than most. That makes it a desirable place to work but also means it will be hit especially hard when the largest payments required under Brown’s pension plan are phased in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this sense in the community that we’re flush with cash, but I try to remind people about the other half of the story,” said Parungao, the district’s chief business officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681903\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"407\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11681903\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Teachers-Pension-Fremont_007-600x407-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raul Parungao, Fremont Unified’s chief business officer, with trustee Michele Berke. \u003ccite>(Penni Gladstone/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though revenue is rising because enrollment is growing, the district must hire and pay more employees to serve them. And over the next three years, while Fremont predicts its revenue will grow by $26 million, a 7 percent bump, it also expects its employee pension and health care costs to climb by $14 million, a 23 percent surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here’s the bottom line: The extra revenue we expect to get from the state won’t be enough to keep pace with our pension contributions,” Parungao said. “The problem hasn’t exploded big yet, but it will. It’s only a matter of time. I haven’t met another chief business official who isn’t concerned about this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Fremont’s teachers just won a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.k12.ca.us/fusd\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">small raise\u003c/a> after months of protracted negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current pay scale is competitive, with veterans making $114,000 a year, but leaders of the local union say about half of teachers still don’t make enough to live in the district and must commute from up to an hour away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no matter how tough it may be for the district to afford this 1 percent pay hike, teachers deserve one, said Victoria Birbeck, the union’s president.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/19d30e2b-8791-436d-94de-bd2353e8ac69?src=embed\" title=\"Fremont\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The series of small raises we’ve received haven’t covered cost of living,” she said. “Besides, the district has known about the governor’s plan for a few years now. There should have been better planning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parungao said planning isn’t the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district stretched to offer teachers a raise last year and even had to shift its budget by millions of dollars to accommodate that 2 percent increase, which came after a 13 percent bump over the prior three years. Plans to upgrade students’ textbooks and computers were postponed and class size for kindergarten, first and second grade students increased slightly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the district’s rising pension and other fixed costs, the new agreement’s $7 million price tag will be tough to accommodate. Still, Michele Burke, one of the district’s board members, acknowledged that for many teachers, $1 spent on pensions isn’t as good as $1 spent on salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we negotiate with the union, STRS is the elephant in the room,” she said in an interview before the deal was finalized, referring to the acronym for the California State Teachers’ Retirement System. “We’re paying toward your future, but those payments don’t help put food on the dinner table.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/KOn_d1ibZeA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/KOn_d1ibZeA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>acramento Mayor Darrell Steinberg only worked with a few key players one weekend last fall when he helped broker a deal to avert a citywide teacher strike, and former school board president Jay Hansen was one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen had tried for months to negotiate the terms of a pay increase for the city’s 3,000 teachers, but the district and leaders of the local teachers union were far apart and neither side would budge. An acrimonious relationship between the two camps was partly to blame for the impasse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the Hatfields and the McCoys,” Hansen said. “No one remembers why they can’t get along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue during the talks was the $81 million sitting in Sacramento City Unified’s savings account, a sum the district had built up over several years with spoils from California’s booming economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union said the money should go toward class size reduction and raises for teachers that would make the district a more attractive place to work. Sacramento educators are paid less than their peers in nearby districts, but they also receive more generous lifetime health benefits, records show. The district said that it had saved the money to help cover rising pension and employee health care costs in the lean budget years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/36fabd5e-1e48-40df-baff-4d7add5c5696?src=embed\" title=\"Sacramento\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the end, Steinberg helped craft an agreement that gives Sacramento teachers an 11 percent raise over three years. But just a few weeks after Steinberg announced the deal during a celebratory news conference on the steps of City Hall, Sacramento County Superintendent Dave Gordon delivered some bad news: The district can’t afford it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based on the review of the public disclosure and the multi-year projections provided by the district, our office has concerns over the district’s ability to afford this compensation package and maintain ongoing fiscal solvency,” Gordon wrote in a December letter to the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s own budget offers proof of Gordon’s concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the school system anticipates its revenue will grow by $6 million, a 1 percent increase, while its pension and health care costs grow by more than $18 million, an 11 percent increase. A popular summer program for struggling students has already been eliminated to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second letter Gordon sent in January further underscores his concerns. He called the district’s plan to use one-time money to help cover the cost of the new contract a “poor business practice” that “only perpetuates the district’s ongoing structural deficit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The pension contributions are putting a strain on everyone’s budgets,” Gordon said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though Hansen had been the union’s adversary during months of stalled contract talks, he defended the district’s decision to offer teachers a raise, calling it “the right thing to do” despite the school system’s escalating pension and health care costs. “We did it anyway,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg echoed Hansen’s perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A strike would have been calamitous for everybody,” he said. And Sacramento isn’t the only place in California where teachers are thinking about a show of force. At least half a dozen other local unions fighting for higher wages have held labor actions in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with CALmatters that union leaders cut short after refusing to answer some questions, Sacramento Teachers Association Executive Director John Borsos rejected any suggestion that the district won’t be able to afford the contract it recently signed or that it ever claimed to have needed the money stockpiled in its savings account to cover rising pension costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have more than enough to cover the pension increases,” Borsos said. “And they didn’t make that argument at the bargaining table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">G\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ov. Jerry Brown promised his 2014 funding plan would shore-up California’s teacher pension system, but at least one young Los Angeles teacher, Josh Brown, says he’s not counting on it. The Oliver Wendell Holmes Middle School special educator is so worried about the system’s solvency that he has an alternative retirement plan: using a portion of his salary to invest in the stock market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a fifth-year teacher, I’m 30 years old, and I’m paying into a pension system that may or may not be around when I retire,” he said. “If I were 65-years-old and retiring soon, I would feel differently. Right now, I feel frustrated and worried.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest payments required under the plan will be tough for many districts to manage, but they’re going to be especially vexing for large urban districts like Los Angeles Unified, which lost 100,000 students in the last decade and expects to shed more (\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/Los-Angeles-Unified-Underenrolled-Schools-.xlsx\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here’s the toll\u003c/a> of that under-enrollment, school by school). That’s a problem because California’s schools are funded on a per-pupil basis and fewer students means less money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, the swift enrollment decline is due to a dwindling birthrate and growing demand for charter schools, which are publicly funded but independently run, meaning their budgets are separate from the district’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the district anticipates its employee pension and health care costs will climb $90 million, a 5 percent increase, while its revenue dips about $270 million, a 4 percent decline. The result is a $258 million budget deficit in 2020 that the district can no longer paper over, push off or ignore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have to tighten our belts to save our schools,” said Nick Melvoin, a board member whose stark views on district finances have been criticized by skeptical local union leaders and fellow board members. “We’re in a death spiral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district plans to tackle the deficit with a one-time $105 million bailout from the state and central office staff reductions. But observers says officials will soon need to consider some painful measures it has so far been able to avoid, like boosting high school class sizes or closing schools with dwindling numbers of students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 55 schools across the district are under-enrolled by a quarter, and 10 of those are half empty, a CALmatters analysis of building capacity and enrollment data shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our costs are rising, and as a result, there are hard choices and trade-offs to make each time we look at the budget,” said Scott Price, the district’s chief financial officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681902\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11681902\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner-520x293.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/Austin-Beutner.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New L.A. schools Supt. Austin Beutner chats with children at Cleveland Early Education Center/Cleveland Infant Center in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Brian van der Brug/Los Angeles Times)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parent Paul Robak fears that if the district doesn’t tackle its budget problems soon, it could be taken over by the state. At a recent board meeting, he urged the members to reject a healthcare spending plan that would further squeeze the budget. The members listened and thanked him for testifying before approving the agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as if the board members are prancing down the lane and covering their ears, pretending nothing’s wrong,” said Robak, who has been active on the district’s parent councils for a decade. “Everyone will lose if we fail to act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Board member Kelly Gonez also acknowledged the district’s budget woes and the pressure of rising pension and health care costs but said officials should be trying to ease the pain by finding new sources of revenue, not by making cuts. All but one other board member declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as a fiscal crisis looms, Los Angeles teachers are negotiating for a raise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone who works in the district comes to work with an expectation they’re going to be treated fairly. They need to be treated fairly,” Austin Beutner, a former investment banker and the district’s new superintendent, told the Los Angeles Times. “How we strike that balance remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United Teachers Los Angeles President Alex Caputo-Pearl declined CALmatters’ request for an interview. However, at a Pepperdine University \u003ca href=\"http://laschoolreport.com/now-is-the-time-pepperdine-gathers-education-policy-voices-to-foster-collaboration/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">event\u003c/a> held before the state bailout was announced, he pledged to keep pushing for more money and predicted that the state would come through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we take it off the table,” Caputo-Pearl said, “then we are acknowledging that the public district system is going to go off a fiscal cliff, which (is something) I’m not willing to acknowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">F\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>looded with calls from anxious school officials, Sen. Anthony Portantino of La Cañada Flintridge and several other Democrats pushed earlier this year for a fix that would boost districts’ funding by $1 billion a year. In the end, Portantino convinced Brown to include about half as much in the state budget he signed a few weeks ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He insisted that the money be “flexible,” meaning districts may use it to cover rising pension costs or for anything else. But California’s schools are still underfunded compared to other states, and to better fulfill their responsibility to students and taxpayers, that must change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a few months, we’ll have a new governor with a new set of priorities,” Portantino said. “Is there more to do? Absolutely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalSTRS’ first official report on the impact of districts’ growing pension obligations is due to the Legislature mid next year, when school budgets will likely be squeezed the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Fine hopes a recession doesn’t strike soon and that districts can manage their budgets without needing to make cuts or send out pink slips. He was a deputy superintendent in Riverside during the Great Recession and remembers how painful it was to carry out round after round of layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We lost one of the best counselors and some very bright teachers. I had to layoff someone who years earlier had taught my young children how to swim,” Fine said. “I remember their faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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