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"content": "\u003cp>California lawmakers passed legislation Monday that puts more conditions on state film tax credits in an effort to encourage better sexual harassment reporting and diverse hiring. The move comes amid revelations of misconduct and discrimination in the movie industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation would require feature film and television projects that apply for the credits, which are assigned based on jobs created, to report diversity statistics to the state and designate people to handle misconduct claims. The revised tax credit program, worth as much as $330 million per year, would also require applicants to submit their policy prohibiting harassment and retaliation. In addition, major studios would have to report whether they have diversity programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you don't have a program, you're going to have to report that you don't have a program,\" said Democratic Assemblyman Ian Calderon, who helped craft the bill. \"That doesn't look very good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Rob Bonta and other members of the Asian & Pacific Islander caucus pushed for the diversity reporting requirements. The Alameda Democrat cited the films \"Ghost in the Shell\" and \"The Great Wall,\" which cast white actors in leading roles he said should have gone to Asian actors. He said the films were \"hurtful\" to the Asian Pacific Islander community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We wanted to be productive in our solution and provide some support in terms of encouraging diversity in Hollywood, and we think this will do that,\" said Bonta of the change to the credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill was negotiated as part of the state budget. It was approved Monday by the Assembly and state Senate and now goes to Gov. Jerry Brown, who is expected to sign it. The new version of the program would start in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Assemblyman James Gallagher of Yuba City, the only lawmaker to vote against the bill, said he didn't believe it would prevent sexual misconduct because projects would only have to show they have a policy and not prove that they enforce it. He also said the state shouldn't single out the politically powerful industry for a tax break anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it really misses Me Too,\" he said, referring to the movement against sexual harassment sparked when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13833507/harvey-weinstein-charged-with-rape-after-surrendering-to-n-y-police\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dozens of women publicly accused movie producer Harvey Weinstein of rape, assault and harassment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To attract jobs and economic activity, more than 30 states give tax breaks to film and TV productions. California created its program in 2009 and it has been hailed for keeping productions in the state. Feature films and television shows apply for the credit before they begin filming. The California Film Commission, the state agency that oversees the program, prioritizes the projects that will generate the most jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HBO's \"Westworld,\" for example, planned nearly 300 filming days in California and was approved for nearly $30 million in credits, contingent on meeting the targets in its application. The film \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was slated to receive more than $18 million in credits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film commission assigns credits based on a production's \"below the line\" jobs, including set builders, makeup artists and extras — not the highest-profile workers, such as starring actors and directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new law, applicants who receive the tax credit would help fund a program to train people from underrepresented communities to do \"below the line\" jobs on film sets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry initially expressed reservations about some of the diversity reporting requirements but supported the final version of the bill, said Bonta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The high-level concept of wanting more diversity in film, there was always agreement on that,\" he said. \"How we get there, how it becomes part of the film tax credit, was always a concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The legislation would require feature film and television projects that apply for the credits to report diversity statistics and to designate people to handle misconduct claims.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California lawmakers passed legislation Monday that puts more conditions on state film tax credits in an effort to encourage better sexual harassment reporting and diverse hiring. The move comes amid revelations of misconduct and discrimination in the movie industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation would require feature film and television projects that apply for the credits, which are assigned based on jobs created, to report diversity statistics to the state and designate people to handle misconduct claims. The revised tax credit program, worth as much as $330 million per year, would also require applicants to submit their policy prohibiting harassment and retaliation. In addition, major studios would have to report whether they have diversity programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you don't have a program, you're going to have to report that you don't have a program,\" said Democratic Assemblyman Ian Calderon, who helped craft the bill. \"That doesn't look very good.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Rob Bonta and other members of the Asian & Pacific Islander caucus pushed for the diversity reporting requirements. The Alameda Democrat cited the films \"Ghost in the Shell\" and \"The Great Wall,\" which cast white actors in leading roles he said should have gone to Asian actors. He said the films were \"hurtful\" to the Asian Pacific Islander community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We wanted to be productive in our solution and provide some support in terms of encouraging diversity in Hollywood, and we think this will do that,\" said Bonta of the change to the credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill was negotiated as part of the state budget. It was approved Monday by the Assembly and state Senate and now goes to Gov. Jerry Brown, who is expected to sign it. The new version of the program would start in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Assemblyman James Gallagher of Yuba City, the only lawmaker to vote against the bill, said he didn't believe it would prevent sexual misconduct because projects would only have to show they have a policy and not prove that they enforce it. He also said the state shouldn't single out the politically powerful industry for a tax break anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it really misses Me Too,\" he said, referring to the movement against sexual harassment sparked when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13833507/harvey-weinstein-charged-with-rape-after-surrendering-to-n-y-police\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dozens of women publicly accused movie producer Harvey Weinstein of rape, assault and harassment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To attract jobs and economic activity, more than 30 states give tax breaks to film and TV productions. California created its program in 2009 and it has been hailed for keeping productions in the state. Feature films and television shows apply for the credit before they begin filming. The California Film Commission, the state agency that oversees the program, prioritizes the projects that will generate the most jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HBO's \"Westworld,\" for example, planned nearly 300 filming days in California and was approved for nearly $30 million in credits, contingent on meeting the targets in its application. The film \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was slated to receive more than $18 million in credits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film commission assigns credits based on a production's \"below the line\" jobs, including set builders, makeup artists and extras — not the highest-profile workers, such as starring actors and directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new law, applicants who receive the tax credit would help fund a program to train people from underrepresented communities to do \"below the line\" jobs on film sets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry initially expressed reservations about some of the diversity reporting requirements but supported the final version of the bill, said Bonta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The high-level concept of wanting more diversity in film, there was always agreement on that,\" he said. \"How we get there, how it becomes part of the film tax credit, was always a concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "PHOTOS: Juneteenth Celebration in San Francisco",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week marks Juneteenth, or June 19, a celebration that honors the end of slavery in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>June 19 is the day more than 150 years ago that U.S. troops swept into Texas to liberate slaves who didn't yet know they were free, nearly three years after President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the black community in San Francisco in general... this is the biggest—this is the only thing we really have,\" said Richard Bougere, the event organizer, who has been coming to the Juneteenth celebration since he was one-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it serves almost like a family reunion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 68th annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfjuneteenth.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Juneteenth\u003c/a> event in San Francisco was held on Saturday in the Fillmore District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6552-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Loriel Price, 8, of San Francisco in the petting zoo at the city's Juneteenth celebration. She says she's always wanted a horse or a rabbit.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675341\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Loriel Price, 8, of San Francisco in the petting zoo at the city's Juneteenth celebration. She says she's always wanted a horse or a rabbit. \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675344\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6542-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Rodrick Jones of San Francisco selling a Warriors t-shirt to neighbor Dianne Jordan. They both say they've been coming to the festival for years.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675344\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rodrick Jones of San Francisco selling a Warriors t-shirt to neighbor Dianne Jordan. They both say they've been coming to the festival for years. \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675345\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6538-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sylvia Whitley at her hometown Juneteenth celebration in San Francisco. She lives in Richmond now but works in her cousin's construction and catering company, Yolanda's Construction/YoRays. Of the unusual combination, Whitley shrugs, "We can cook!"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sylvia Whitley at her hometown Juneteenth celebration in San Francisco. She lives in Richmond now but works in her cousin's construction and catering company, Yolanda's Construction/YoRays. Of the unusual combination, Whitley shrugs, \"We can cook!\" \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675346\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6537-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Shamica Simpson and children Jaden and Neveah Pineda, 9 and 5, of San Francisco await the performance of her third child, Marlon, 12 (not pictured) at the city's 2018 Juneteenth celebration. Simpson says she enjoys the gospel music and the event, which "means a lot".\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675346\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shamica Simpson and children Jaden and Neveah Pineda, 9 and 5, of San Francisco await the performance of her third child, Marlon, 12 (not pictured) at the city's 2018 Juneteenth celebration. Simpson says she enjoys the gospel music and the event, which \"means a lot\". \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6534-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the Lyric Performing Arts Academy dance down Fillmore Street as part of San Francisco's Juneteenth celebration.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675347\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Lyric Performing Arts Academy dance down Fillmore Street as part of San Francisco's Juneteenth celebration.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week marks Juneteenth, or June 19, a celebration that honors the end of slavery in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>June 19 is the day more than 150 years ago that U.S. troops swept into Texas to liberate slaves who didn't yet know they were free, nearly three years after President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the black community in San Francisco in general... this is the biggest—this is the only thing we really have,\" said Richard Bougere, the event organizer, who has been coming to the Juneteenth celebration since he was one-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it serves almost like a family reunion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 68th annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfjuneteenth.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Juneteenth\u003c/a> event in San Francisco was held on Saturday in the Fillmore District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6552-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Loriel Price, 8, of San Francisco in the petting zoo at the city's Juneteenth celebration. She says she's always wanted a horse or a rabbit.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675341\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Loriel Price, 8, of San Francisco in the petting zoo at the city's Juneteenth celebration. She says she's always wanted a horse or a rabbit. \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675344\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6542-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Rodrick Jones of San Francisco selling a Warriors t-shirt to neighbor Dianne Jordan. They both say they've been coming to the festival for years.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675344\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rodrick Jones of San Francisco selling a Warriors t-shirt to neighbor Dianne Jordan. They both say they've been coming to the festival for years. \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675345\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6538-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sylvia Whitley at her hometown Juneteenth celebration in San Francisco. She lives in Richmond now but works in her cousin's construction and catering company, Yolanda's Construction/YoRays. Of the unusual combination, Whitley shrugs, "We can cook!"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sylvia Whitley at her hometown Juneteenth celebration in San Francisco. She lives in Richmond now but works in her cousin's construction and catering company, Yolanda's Construction/YoRays. Of the unusual combination, Whitley shrugs, \"We can cook!\" \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675346\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6537-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Shamica Simpson and children Jaden and Neveah Pineda, 9 and 5, of San Francisco await the performance of her third child, Marlon, 12 (not pictured) at the city's 2018 Juneteenth celebration. Simpson says she enjoys the gospel music and the event, which "means a lot".\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675346\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shamica Simpson and children Jaden and Neveah Pineda, 9 and 5, of San Francisco await the performance of her third child, Marlon, 12 (not pictured) at the city's 2018 Juneteenth celebration. Simpson says she enjoys the gospel music and the event, which \"means a lot\". \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_6534-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the Lyric Performing Arts Academy dance down Fillmore Street as part of San Francisco's Juneteenth celebration.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675347\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Lyric Performing Arts Academy dance down Fillmore Street as part of San Francisco's Juneteenth celebration.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "PHOTOS: Corgis Take Ocean Beach by Storm",
"title": "PHOTOS: Corgis Take Ocean Beach by Storm",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco's Ocean Beach played host to hundreds of corgis and corgi fans Saturday for \u003ca href=\"https://corgicon.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Corgi Con\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corgi Con held its first official event in the summer of 2014, and only 90 corgis attended that gathering. Organizers say last summer's Corgi Con grew to 950 corgis. The event is held twice a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event features costume contests, corgi \"ninja warrior\" (an agility course), and races. Corgis and their owners could also just hang out on the beach and let the crowds admire their furry friends. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8561-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crowds (and corgis) approached Ocean Beach from all sides for this summer's Corgi Con.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675316\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crowds (and corgis) approached Ocean Beach from all sides for this summer's Corgi Con. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8640-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The recent Warriors win was still on the minds of some participants. This is the third Corgi Con for Turbo (right) and his owner, Nina Vo. She started an Instagram account for Turbo to watch his growth. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675321\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The recent Warriors win was still on the minds of some participants. This is the third Corgi Con for Turbo (right) and his owner, Nina Vo. She started an Instagram account for Turbo to watch his growth. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8629-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Edwin is sporting a spaghetti and meatballs costume made from yarn, paint and some patience. Brian Sohmers, Edwin's owner, said the family likes to come and look at all the other corgis. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675318\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edwin is sporting a spaghetti and meatballs costume made from yarn, paint and some patience. Brian Sohmers, Edwin's owner, said the family likes to come and look at all the other corgis. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8584-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Samantha Lim attempts to pose Augie and Zephyr. "We've been coming since I had my oldest," Lim said, with this being their fourth summer Corgi Con. Later in the day they'd be participating in the corgi race.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675323\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samantha Lim attempts to pose Augie and Zephyr. \"We've been coming since I had my oldest,\" Lim said, with this being their fourth summer Corgi Con. Later in the day they'd be participating in the corgi race. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8747-800x600.jpg\" alt='A costume contest portion of Corgi Con brought out the creative side in some people. This pup is dressed up as a Tesla Model C (\"C\" for corgi). ' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675325\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A costume contest portion of Corgi Con brought out the creative side in some people. This pup is dressed up as a Tesla Model C (\"C\" for corgi). \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8722-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Vendors at Corgi Con sold corgi-themed merch to the masses. Corgi-themed items ranged from pillows to charms and even cookies. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675330\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vendors at Corgi Con sold corgi-themed merchandise to the masses. Corgi-themed items ranged from pillows to charms and even cookies. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8622-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Agnes Wong has been coming to Corgi Con for at least four years and brings a setup that includes a cardboard cutout of Queen Elizabeth II, a fellow corgi owner. "I think she'd be thrilled," Wong said when asked what the Queen would think of this event. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Agnes Wong has been coming to Corgi Con for at least four years and brings a setup that includes a cardboard cutout of Queen Elizabeth II, a fellow corgi owner. \"I think she'd be thrilled,\" Wong said when asked what the Queen would think of this event. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8705-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Otto and his owner, Seth Rediker, pose for a photo. This is Otto's sixth Corgi Con and the pup has his own Instagram. "They are just the friendliest things in the world," said Rediker about why corgis are so popular. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675319\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto and his owner, Seth Rediker, pose for a photo. This is Otto's sixth Corgi Con and the pup has his own Instagram. \"They are just the friendliest things in the world,\" said Rediker about why corgis are so popular. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/bookhoarding/status/1008079623580672000\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675329\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8729-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"As the event went on, some corgis needed a little help getting around. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675329\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As the event went on, some corgis needed a little help getting around. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Corgi Con brought corgi owners and aficionados from around the Bay Area to Ocean Beach. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco's Ocean Beach played host to hundreds of corgis and corgi fans Saturday for \u003ca href=\"https://corgicon.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Corgi Con\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corgi Con held its first official event in the summer of 2014, and only 90 corgis attended that gathering. Organizers say last summer's Corgi Con grew to 950 corgis. The event is held twice a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event features costume contests, corgi \"ninja warrior\" (an agility course), and races. Corgis and their owners could also just hang out on the beach and let the crowds admire their furry friends. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8561-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crowds (and corgis) approached Ocean Beach from all sides for this summer's Corgi Con.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675316\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crowds (and corgis) approached Ocean Beach from all sides for this summer's Corgi Con. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8640-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The recent Warriors win was still on the minds of some participants. This is the third Corgi Con for Turbo (right) and his owner, Nina Vo. She started an Instagram account for Turbo to watch his growth. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675321\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The recent Warriors win was still on the minds of some participants. This is the third Corgi Con for Turbo (right) and his owner, Nina Vo. She started an Instagram account for Turbo to watch his growth. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8629-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Edwin is sporting a spaghetti and meatballs costume made from yarn, paint and some patience. Brian Sohmers, Edwin's owner, said the family likes to come and look at all the other corgis. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675318\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Edwin is sporting a spaghetti and meatballs costume made from yarn, paint and some patience. Brian Sohmers, Edwin's owner, said the family likes to come and look at all the other corgis. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8584-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Samantha Lim attempts to pose Augie and Zephyr. "We've been coming since I had my oldest," Lim said, with this being their fourth summer Corgi Con. Later in the day they'd be participating in the corgi race.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675323\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samantha Lim attempts to pose Augie and Zephyr. \"We've been coming since I had my oldest,\" Lim said, with this being their fourth summer Corgi Con. Later in the day they'd be participating in the corgi race. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8747-800x600.jpg\" alt='A costume contest portion of Corgi Con brought out the creative side in some people. This pup is dressed up as a Tesla Model C (\"C\" for corgi). ' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675325\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A costume contest portion of Corgi Con brought out the creative side in some people. This pup is dressed up as a Tesla Model C (\"C\" for corgi). \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8722-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Vendors at Corgi Con sold corgi-themed merch to the masses. Corgi-themed items ranged from pillows to charms and even cookies. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675330\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vendors at Corgi Con sold corgi-themed merchandise to the masses. Corgi-themed items ranged from pillows to charms and even cookies. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8622-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Agnes Wong has been coming to Corgi Con for at least four years and brings a setup that includes a cardboard cutout of Queen Elizabeth II, a fellow corgi owner. "I think she'd be thrilled," Wong said when asked what the Queen would think of this event. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Agnes Wong has been coming to Corgi Con for at least four years and brings a setup that includes a cardboard cutout of Queen Elizabeth II, a fellow corgi owner. \"I think she'd be thrilled,\" Wong said when asked what the Queen would think of this event. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/IMG_8705-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Otto and his owner, Seth Rediker, pose for a photo. This is Otto's sixth Corgi Con and the pup has his own Instagram. "They are just the friendliest things in the world," said Rediker about why corgis are so popular. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11675319\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Otto and his owner, Seth Rediker, pose for a photo. This is Otto's sixth Corgi Con and the pup has his own Instagram. \"They are just the friendliest things in the world,\" said Rediker about why corgis are so popular. \u003ccite>(Bianca Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "In Napa Valley, a Blind Woodworker Makes Art Accessible to Everyone",
"title": "In Napa Valley, a Blind Woodworker Makes Art Accessible to Everyone",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Below the woodshop at \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/enchanted-hills/about-enchanted-hills/\">Enchanted Hills Camp\u003c/a>, a sanctuary for visually impaired children and adults, a portrait of master woodworker George Wurtzel hangs in an art gallery. The portrait is made up of 4,000 wood screws, drilled into a board at varying levels so it becomes a three-dimensional projection of Wurtzel’s face — his straw hat and big bushy beard. It makes a musical chime when you run your hands over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11674403 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805.jpg 1280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A three-dimensional portrait of George Wurtzel made up of 4,000 screws. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This art gallery is a haptic gallery — all of the works of art are made to be felt. It’s the brainchild of Wurtzel, who lost his sight when he was very young. Inside the gallery he encourages visitors to encounter the beautiful things he makes out of wood through their sense of touch. Together we feel a gnarled chunk of a redwood burl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you take your thumb and forefinger and spin this in your hand, you will feel all of those lumps and bumps and curls,” he tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He explains that he pulls out the texture of sanded wood by misting it with water so that the grain puffs up. He can tell by swirls of spalting — a fungus — that a piece of wood has color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rot and the worms will both cause there to be different colors in the wood,” he explains. “And that's one of the things that I can't see, but that's one of the things I always inquire and ask about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674404\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674404\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students using a lathe in George Wurtzel's woodshop. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wurtzel is the artist behind many of the objects in this gallery, but he’s also an instructor here at Enchanted Hills Camp, which is owned by \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/a>. The camp -- located on Mount Veeder 10 miles west of Napa -- has been serving visually impaired adults and children for over 60 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wurtzel leads me upstairs, where he’s teaching a workshop for adults. A big part of his job is making students feel comfortable in this space. Unlike him, many of them are losing their vision later in life — like \u003ca href=\"https://fayendevie.com/\">Fayen d’Evie\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says when she started to lose her vision, it impacted the way she made art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went through a period a few years ago where I got quite depressed,” d’Evie remembers. “Because I was really scared ... I was making these kind of paintings that involve really detailed engraving; [it] would take me months to make a tiny work. And I was also making books. And my instant reaction was, I won't be able to make either of those. But after a period of thinking about it, I realized, well, I just can start making paintings in a different way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she has stayed away from power tools since her vision dropped. It’s one of the main reasons why she came to Enchanted Hills Camp today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Wurtzel] does really simple things,” d'Evie says. “Like, he tied a rubber band on one end so I couldn't use my hand past that point, which means it wouldn't be cut off. They are really basic things! But doing that, I knew I had the framework to be able to just give it a go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only thing I always tell people that I teach is just how to feel confident with yourself,” Wurtzel says. “Your eyeballs don’t run a saw ... your eyeballs don’t create a project. Your brain does all those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674405\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A click ruler, a measuring tool used in the woodshop at Enchanted Hills Camp. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The only thing that’s noticeably different in this woodshop are the measuring tools, called click rulers. “It essentially is a round pipe with another piece of material that slides in and out of the round pipe,” Wurtzel explains. “The piece that slides in and out is a piece of threaded rod with 16 threads to the inch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fayen d'Evie says she wants to broaden the way in which we experience art, informed in part by her life as a visually impaired person. Today she is using a click ruler to make canes for an upcoming sound installation. Some are jagged, some are smooth, and one looks like the end of a honey dipper. And she’s scraping them along the floor, along the furniture, along the walls of the gallery. Imagine it like a kind of auditory or sensory dance piece. You’ll be able to listen to and feel the movement of these canes, from their big swooping sounds, their rattling vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D'Evie is an established artist. But a lot of Wurtzel's students are younger. Besides coming for the group bonfires and the swimming, they are here to use tools for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love teaching kids that you shouldn't let people tell you what to do that don't have to live with the consequences of it. You know, you need to make those decisions as to what you want to be,” he says. “And don't let other people tell you what they think. You should figure those things out for yourself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674406\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Last October's North Bay fires destroyed many of the structures at the Enchanted Hills Camp. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year, summer camp is going to feel different. The North Bay wildfires destroyed many of the cabins, which means Enchanted Hills won’t be able to let in as many campers as it usually does. George Wurtzel is the construction manager at the camp, and is helping oversee the rebuilding process in the wake of the conflagrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire-damaged redwoods will be used as the interiors for new living spaces, and maybe a dance floor. Wurtzel is saving some of the singed wood for his woodshop, too, with plans to put a clear coat over the badly burned areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So everybody will be able to see and feel the results of the fire,” he says. “Because the fire did some cool things to the boards down there.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Below the woodshop at \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/enchanted-hills/about-enchanted-hills/\">Enchanted Hills Camp\u003c/a>, a sanctuary for visually impaired children and adults, a portrait of master woodworker George Wurtzel hangs in an art gallery. The portrait is made up of 4,000 wood screws, drilled into a board at varying levels so it becomes a three-dimensional projection of Wurtzel’s face — his straw hat and big bushy beard. It makes a musical chime when you run your hands over it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11674403 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805.jpg 1280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31402_WurtzelImage1JPG-qut-1-e1528830440805-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A three-dimensional portrait of George Wurtzel made up of 4,000 screws. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This art gallery is a haptic gallery — all of the works of art are made to be felt. It’s the brainchild of Wurtzel, who lost his sight when he was very young. Inside the gallery he encourages visitors to encounter the beautiful things he makes out of wood through their sense of touch. Together we feel a gnarled chunk of a redwood burl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you take your thumb and forefinger and spin this in your hand, you will feel all of those lumps and bumps and curls,” he tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He explains that he pulls out the texture of sanded wood by misting it with water so that the grain puffs up. He can tell by swirls of spalting — a fungus — that a piece of wood has color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rot and the worms will both cause there to be different colors in the wood,” he explains. “And that's one of the things that I can't see, but that's one of the things I always inquire and ask about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674404\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674404\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31406_WurtzelImage5-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students using a lathe in George Wurtzel's woodshop. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wurtzel is the artist behind many of the objects in this gallery, but he’s also an instructor here at Enchanted Hills Camp, which is owned by \u003ca href=\"http://lighthouse-sf.org/\">LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired\u003c/a>. The camp -- located on Mount Veeder 10 miles west of Napa -- has been serving visually impaired adults and children for over 60 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wurtzel leads me upstairs, where he’s teaching a workshop for adults. A big part of his job is making students feel comfortable in this space. Unlike him, many of them are losing their vision later in life — like \u003ca href=\"https://fayendevie.com/\">Fayen d’Evie\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says when she started to lose her vision, it impacted the way she made art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went through a period a few years ago where I got quite depressed,” d’Evie remembers. “Because I was really scared ... I was making these kind of paintings that involve really detailed engraving; [it] would take me months to make a tiny work. And I was also making books. And my instant reaction was, I won't be able to make either of those. But after a period of thinking about it, I realized, well, I just can start making paintings in a different way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she has stayed away from power tools since her vision dropped. It’s one of the main reasons why she came to Enchanted Hills Camp today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Wurtzel] does really simple things,” d'Evie says. “Like, he tied a rubber band on one end so I couldn't use my hand past that point, which means it wouldn't be cut off. They are really basic things! But doing that, I knew I had the framework to be able to just give it a go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only thing I always tell people that I teach is just how to feel confident with yourself,” Wurtzel says. “Your eyeballs don’t run a saw ... your eyeballs don’t create a project. Your brain does all those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674405\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31407_WurtzelImage6-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A click ruler, a measuring tool used in the woodshop at Enchanted Hills Camp. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The only thing that’s noticeably different in this woodshop are the measuring tools, called click rulers. “It essentially is a round pipe with another piece of material that slides in and out of the round pipe,” Wurtzel explains. “The piece that slides in and out is a piece of threaded rod with 16 threads to the inch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fayen d'Evie says she wants to broaden the way in which we experience art, informed in part by her life as a visually impaired person. Today she is using a click ruler to make canes for an upcoming sound installation. Some are jagged, some are smooth, and one looks like the end of a honey dipper. And she’s scraping them along the floor, along the furniture, along the walls of the gallery. Imagine it like a kind of auditory or sensory dance piece. You’ll be able to listen to and feel the movement of these canes, from their big swooping sounds, their rattling vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D'Evie is an established artist. But a lot of Wurtzel's students are younger. Besides coming for the group bonfires and the swimming, they are here to use tools for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love teaching kids that you shouldn't let people tell you what to do that don't have to live with the consequences of it. You know, you need to make those decisions as to what you want to be,” he says. “And don't let other people tell you what they think. You should figure those things out for yourself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674406\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31408_WurtzelImage7-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Last October's North Bay fires destroyed many of the structures at the Enchanted Hills Camp. \u003ccite>(Hannah Kingsley-Ma/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year, summer camp is going to feel different. The North Bay wildfires destroyed many of the cabins, which means Enchanted Hills won’t be able to let in as many campers as it usually does. George Wurtzel is the construction manager at the camp, and is helping oversee the rebuilding process in the wake of the conflagrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire-damaged redwoods will be used as the interiors for new living spaces, and maybe a dance floor. Wurtzel is saving some of the singed wood for his woodshop, too, with plans to put a clear coat over the badly burned areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So everybody will be able to see and feel the results of the fire,” he says. “Because the fire did some cool things to the boards down there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "New Film Explores Going to High School ... in a San Francisco Jail",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thecorridordocumentary.com/\">\"The Corridor\"\u003c/a> is a film about the nation's first high school inside an adult jail. \u003ca href=\"https://www.fivekeyscharter.org/school-locations/\">Five Keys Charter School\u003c/a> enrolls anyone arrested in San Francisco who doesn't have a high school diploma. Most of the students, in county jails for men and women, are awaiting sentencing or haven’t yet been convicted. The documentary follows teachers, students and correctional officers as they navigate how to run a school, or go to school, in a jail.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49oUq0pX6SA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The film kicks off a new season of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/trulyca/\">Truly CA, \u003c/a>KQED's showcase for independently produced documentaries, on June 22 at 8 p.m. on KQED 9. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha, host of The California Report Magazine, talked with the film’s co-producer/director, Annelise Wunderlich, and Tyson Amir, a teacher at the school who’s also a writer, musician and activist. These are excerpts from that conversation, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On why the film is called “The Corridor”:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: The whole jail facility is actually built around the educational corridor. It’s the spine of the whole building. Everyone always talks about going down to the corridor, going from their pods [cells] into schools. But for me, it was more about a passage, a path towards freedom, intellectual freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674990\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1236\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-800x515.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1200x773.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-960x618.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tyson Amir teaching his government class inside Five Keys Charter School. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn teaching inside a jail, instead of a regular high school:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: One of the things that the school provides is a sense of community, where students can develop self-esteem or just see themselves in a different light. Jail can be a place where dignity and humanity is stripped, so you can go into a classroom space and somebody can say, \"How are you doing today? What do you need? How are you? What are you interested in?\" It breaks up the monotony and the normalized routine of not seeing the humanity in a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re not saviors for anybody. But you develop these intense relationships, because you spend time with people, you see the good in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674980\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1074\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1200x671.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1180x660.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-960x537.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student in literature class at Five Keys Charter School. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn what it’s like to teach when correctional officers can come in and use force on your students when they act out in class:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: You have conflicts that arise, and law enforcement agents come in to deal with it. I think there could be another way to deal with that. The violence which happens in spaces like that [when students get violent] is not something that's naturally going to come out of people. But when you put people in a situation that's not suitable for them to survive, where they're denied their humanity, denied access to anything that's really important to them, they’re going to respond to those conditions in ways that they normally wouldn't respond. Sometimes we get this stereotype that people in [jail] are animals that are barbaric. These are just people who are trying to figure out how to survive in a place that is not fit for humans to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On seeing your students (some in their 50s and 60s) finally graduate, and get a high school diploma in prison:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 2,500 people have graduated from Five Keys. And now [the idea has spread] to [17 county jails] across California. Each one of those areas is producing more graduates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IwWV2u6-VM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On filming students like Bethany Vollmer, a 31-year-old mom of six who struggles with addiction: \u003c/strong>Annelise: When we sat down initially, she was much more guarded, and very nervous about sharing her story. I just took that extra time with her, because the more we talked, the more I could see this opening up. She just was very honest, very raw. I think she was clinging to [going to the high school] because it was a time when she could feel self-worth. One of her biggest struggles is self-esteem, just not liking herself, feeling that she’s letting her children and life mentors down. But in school she's very smart. At school, she was having all these teachers validate her intelligence. That became a rock for her. She felt intelligent and smart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6lNMyAhVrk4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn critics of the idea of a high school within a jail:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: One thing people don’t realize is that on a financial level, there’s huge cost savings for investing in education for folks instead of just keeping them trapped in this revolving door of incarceration, and getting out and recidivism. Nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ecp.pdf\">70 percent of people in jail nationally don't have a high school diploma\u003c/a>. If you invest upfront in their education, you're greatly reducing their chances of coming back there and increasing their chances of getting a good job. And all of that has a big cost savings for the whole community, not to mention empowering people, repairing families, and helping people make those connections that they need and find the support that they need to thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674992\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11674992 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-800x443.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1020x565.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1200x665.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1180x654.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-960x532.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-672x372.jpg 672w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1038x576.jpg 1038w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-240x133.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-375x208.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-520x288.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A soon-to-be-graduate of Five Keys Charter School waits for his turn to get receive his diploma. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What they hope people will take away from the film: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: I just hope people understand that the folks going through these experiences are not the sum of their mistakes. They’re people. They’re mothers, fathers, grandchildren, grandparents. They’re really like all of us, and they have so many cards stacked against them. Also, I’m really hoping people will understand how childhood trauma has this huge ripple effect. The vast majority of folks we interviewed in the jail had been abused as children, or had grown up in the foster care system, or had parents who are addicts. Recovering from that trauma is a huge lifelong process. It does require all of us to invest in supporting them. If we can’t do it in our public schools, then this is what is going to happen: It’s going to come later on down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: I actually tried to not be included in the film for the first year and a half of the shooting. I didn't ask for any of the cameras to be in my class. But now, I feel that what the film does extremely well is that it dignifies the experience of the men and women instead. Instead of having that stereotype [of] a violent person, a beast, an inmate, you get a chance to see more of who they are and understand how someone can end up in a space like that. And I think that's extremely important. The idea of empathy in our society. I think we need to tap into it a little bit more. This is a film that does that in a very beautiful way. It’s not preachy, it’s not cliche. This is who people are.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "\"At 59 years old, I stand up here and I can say, I have finally completed something,\" says Five Keys Charter School graduate.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thecorridordocumentary.com/\">\"The Corridor\"\u003c/a> is a film about the nation's first high school inside an adult jail. \u003ca href=\"https://www.fivekeyscharter.org/school-locations/\">Five Keys Charter School\u003c/a> enrolls anyone arrested in San Francisco who doesn't have a high school diploma. Most of the students, in county jails for men and women, are awaiting sentencing or haven’t yet been convicted. The documentary follows teachers, students and correctional officers as they navigate how to run a school, or go to school, in a jail.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/49oUq0pX6SA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/49oUq0pX6SA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The film kicks off a new season of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/trulyca/\">Truly CA, \u003c/a>KQED's showcase for independently produced documentaries, on June 22 at 8 p.m. on KQED 9. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha, host of The California Report Magazine, talked with the film’s co-producer/director, Annelise Wunderlich, and Tyson Amir, a teacher at the school who’s also a writer, musician and activist. These are excerpts from that conversation, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On why the film is called “The Corridor”:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: The whole jail facility is actually built around the educational corridor. It’s the spine of the whole building. Everyone always talks about going down to the corridor, going from their pods [cells] into schools. But for me, it was more about a passage, a path towards freedom, intellectual freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674990\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1236\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-800x515.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1200x773.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-960x618.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-240x155.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31445_Screen-Shot-2018-06-14-at-4.36.25-PM-qut-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tyson Amir teaching his government class inside Five Keys Charter School. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn teaching inside a jail, instead of a regular high school:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: One of the things that the school provides is a sense of community, where students can develop self-esteem or just see themselves in a different light. Jail can be a place where dignity and humanity is stripped, so you can go into a classroom space and somebody can say, \"How are you doing today? What do you need? How are you? What are you interested in?\" It breaks up the monotony and the normalized routine of not seeing the humanity in a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re not saviors for anybody. But you develop these intense relationships, because you spend time with people, you see the good in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674980\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1074\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1200x671.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-1180x660.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-960x537.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31440_students-in-Maishas-class_v1_current-qut-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student in literature class at Five Keys Charter School. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn what it’s like to teach when correctional officers can come in and use force on your students when they act out in class:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: You have conflicts that arise, and law enforcement agents come in to deal with it. I think there could be another way to deal with that. The violence which happens in spaces like that [when students get violent] is not something that's naturally going to come out of people. But when you put people in a situation that's not suitable for them to survive, where they're denied their humanity, denied access to anything that's really important to them, they’re going to respond to those conditions in ways that they normally wouldn't respond. Sometimes we get this stereotype that people in [jail] are animals that are barbaric. These are just people who are trying to figure out how to survive in a place that is not fit for humans to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On seeing your students (some in their 50s and 60s) finally graduate, and get a high school diploma in prison:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 2,500 people have graduated from Five Keys. And now [the idea has spread] to [17 county jails] across California. Each one of those areas is producing more graduates.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/7IwWV2u6-VM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/7IwWV2u6-VM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On filming students like Bethany Vollmer, a 31-year-old mom of six who struggles with addiction: \u003c/strong>Annelise: When we sat down initially, she was much more guarded, and very nervous about sharing her story. I just took that extra time with her, because the more we talked, the more I could see this opening up. She just was very honest, very raw. I think she was clinging to [going to the high school] because it was a time when she could feel self-worth. One of her biggest struggles is self-esteem, just not liking herself, feeling that she’s letting her children and life mentors down. But in school she's very smart. At school, she was having all these teachers validate her intelligence. That became a rock for her. She felt intelligent and smart.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/6lNMyAhVrk4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/6lNMyAhVrk4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOn critics of the idea of a high school within a jail:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: One thing people don’t realize is that on a financial level, there’s huge cost savings for investing in education for folks instead of just keeping them trapped in this revolving door of incarceration, and getting out and recidivism. Nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ecp.pdf\">70 percent of people in jail nationally don't have a high school diploma\u003c/a>. If you invest upfront in their education, you're greatly reducing their chances of coming back there and increasing their chances of getting a good job. And all of that has a big cost savings for the whole community, not to mention empowering people, repairing families, and helping people make those connections that they need and find the support that they need to thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674992\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11674992 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-800x443.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1020x565.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1200x665.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1180x654.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-960x532.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-672x372.jpg 672w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-1038x576.jpg 1038w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-240x133.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-375x208.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31439_student-in-cap-and-gown-smiling_v1_current-qut-520x288.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A soon-to-be-graduate of Five Keys Charter School waits for his turn to get receive his diploma. \u003ccite>(Image from \"The Corridor\")\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What they hope people will take away from the film: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wunderlich: I just hope people understand that the folks going through these experiences are not the sum of their mistakes. They’re people. They’re mothers, fathers, grandchildren, grandparents. They’re really like all of us, and they have so many cards stacked against them. Also, I’m really hoping people will understand how childhood trauma has this huge ripple effect. The vast majority of folks we interviewed in the jail had been abused as children, or had grown up in the foster care system, or had parents who are addicts. Recovering from that trauma is a huge lifelong process. It does require all of us to invest in supporting them. If we can’t do it in our public schools, then this is what is going to happen: It’s going to come later on down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amir: I actually tried to not be included in the film for the first year and a half of the shooting. I didn't ask for any of the cameras to be in my class. But now, I feel that what the film does extremely well is that it dignifies the experience of the men and women instead. Instead of having that stereotype [of] a violent person, a beast, an inmate, you get a chance to see more of who they are and understand how someone can end up in a space like that. And I think that's extremely important. The idea of empathy in our society. I think we need to tap into it a little bit more. This is a film that does that in a very beautiful way. It’s not preachy, it’s not cliche. This is who people are.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-curious-point-reyes-cemetery",
"title": "The Forgotten Men of the Point Reyes Life Saving Service",
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"headTitle": "The Forgotten Men of the Point Reyes Life Saving Service | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>[baycuriouspodcastinfo] \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>“You have to go out, but you don’t have to come back” — motto attributed to the Life Saving Service, 19th century\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The words “California coast” conjure a certain image — sun-drenched beaches, warm waters — in the popular imagination. Point Reyes National Seashore, 50 miles north of San Francisco, does not fit that image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the foggiest, windiest places in North America, for hundreds of years this stretch of the Pacific Ocean has posed incredible danger to seafarers. And hidden away inland, just off the road to Point Reyes’ famous lighthouse, there’s a tiny burial ground that conveys the human cost of this rugged, treacherous coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The graves of the four “surfmen” in Point Reyes at the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery is concealed within a knoll of cypress and eucalyptus trees, and most visitors drive right past it. Here, simple headstones mark the bodies of four young immigrants from Sweden, Finland and Germany. Known as “surfmen”, they were members of what was then called the Life Saving Service — what we now know as the United States Coast Guard. All four lost their lives working in Point Reyes in the 1890s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the cemetery, you can just see the exact stretch of coastline on which those surfmen spent their last months at Point Reyes’ very first Life-Saving Station. This area is known as the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the most treacherous stretch of water out here,” says John Dell’Osso, who has worked in Point Reyes for the National Park Service for 35 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659318 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 12-mile stretch of coastline known as the Great Beach, where Point Reyes’ first-ever Life-Saving Station was built \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes stretches out 10 miles from the mainland into the Pacific Ocean, resulting in its infamous high coastal winds and thick shrouding fogs. Even the logbooks of Sir Francis Drake’s ship in 1579 complain of “the stinking fogges” here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the first recorded shipwreck on the West Coast occurred: a Spanish galleon, torn on the rocks in 1595. Until the lighthouse was built in 1870, sailors on these waters making the turn into San Francisco Bay had no warning of the jagged land they were about to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service says that before the Life-Saving Station was built around 1890, the beaches were littered with shipwrecks — that residents often had to watch as those passengers and crew drowned in the waters in front of them. They couldn’t go in because in a place like Point Reyes, the surf is the thing that will kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659483\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659483 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg 1710w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-800x496.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1020x632.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1180x731.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-960x595.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-375x232.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Point Reyes Life-Saving Station (1889-1927) at which the four surfmen would have served \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We don’t know a lot about the young men lying in the cemetery, but we know how dangerous, punishing and isolating their work was in the Life Saving Service. At the Point Reyes Lighthouse, says Dell’Osso, winds “have been clocked at 133 miles per hour. We close the [visitor] stairs at 40 miles per hour because you can barely stand in that condition.” Regardless, he says, “if there was a rescue to be done, these individuals did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no motorized boats, or radios, or powerful searchlights like the Coast Guard has today. These men were dragging their small lifeboats across the hard sand, through mounds of driftwood, and rowing out to shipwrecks by hand, in swells that could reach as high as 12 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’ve ever seen some of the stormy conditions in the Point Reyes Seashore when we have pounding surf coming in,” says Dell’Osso, “it’s frightening to think that they did that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-800x525.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1020x670.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1180x775.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-960x631.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-375x246.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfboat launch at Drakes Bay in Point Reyes, circa 1900 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Often, when the waves prevented the surfmen’s rowboat from reaching a sinking ship, they would have to rescue the passengers one by one using a “breeches buoy”: a pair of thick, wide pants sewn into a life-ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was into this that exhausted, freezing, wet survivors would slide their legs and be hauled over to safety, high above the raging waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original “breeches buoy” in the Point Reyes Lifeboat Station at Chimney Rock \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they weren’t making rescues, these men were relentlessly training — ready to launch themselves into the ocean at a moment’s notice. So dangerous was their work that the four surfmen lying in the cemetery didn’t even die making a rescue, but in training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Carstens, of Germany, and Andrew Anderson, a Swede, died on a freezing December morning in 1890, as they were pulling their training boat back onto shore. According to the station’s logbooks, a huge breaker rose and overturned the vessel onto them, inflicting massive internal injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account of the accident in the Sausalito News relates how Anderson in particular was dragged from the surf “insensible, with the blood pouring from his mouth.” Both men died within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659497\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1123\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-800x468.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-960x562.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-240x140.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-375x219.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-520x304.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A “breeches buoy’ rescue, circa 1912 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over two years later, the second Swede, George Larson, died in the same spot, in exactly the same way. Yet their Finnish crewmate, John Korpala, wasn’t anywhere near a boat when he died in 1891. After hours patrolling the freezing wet beach, he went to bed with chills and never woke up. The coroner’s verdict was a hemorrhage in his lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they were kind of a different breed of individuals,” says Dell’Osso. “So I’m not sure if they were frightened, or they were, like, gung-ho to go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, he says, their story is one “about lives of sacrifice and service. And that’s exactly what they did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659494 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1094\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-800x456.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1020x581.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1180x672.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-960x547.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-240x137.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-375x214.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-520x296.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Life-Saving team at Point Reyes, date unknown \u003ccite>(National Maritime Museum, San Francisco/Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the turn of the century, the Life Saving Service was combined with the United States Revenue Cutter Service to form the Coast Guard we know today. In 1927, the station was moved to Chimney Rock, away from the deadly surf of the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Lifeboat Station still stands today, complete with pier and “marine railway” tracks used to launch the agency’s new motorized lifeboats. Although it demonstrates just a few decades’ technological advancement, this newer building is a world away from the hand-dragged rowboats commanded by the earlier surfmen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only the tiny cemetery a few miles away bears witness to the life and work of those first rescuers. Yet the reason that the four surfmen are buried here, of all places, lies a little further up that hill in the form of \u003cem>more\u003c/em> headstones — all belonging to a local Swedish family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659323\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Driftwood on the Great Beach of Point Reyes. On foggy days like this, visibility is minimal. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when the surfmen died, the land belonged to a dairy rancher called Peter Henry Claussen. This is the Claussen family graveyard, on the historic G Ranch, and he made space here “realizing that there was no [other] place to bury these individuals — and they were for the most part very young men,” according to Dell’Osso. Claussen himself is buried here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claussen’s gift doesn’t attract too much attention these days, and it’s often mistakenly attributed to his own father, Hinrik, who by then had been dead for several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659320\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Dell’Osso, National Park Service chief interpretation officer, in front of Point Reyes’ Historic Life-Saving Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Claussen’s motives for donating this land on his own family’s burial plot, a place he’d already buried his father and his wife, it’s generally assumed he felt a sense of duty to fellow immigrants — the community’s young local heroes with no real family in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a tribute to him in the Marin Journal, written by a friend in 1915 just after his death, may offer a little further insight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it we learn that Claussen himself had been a sailor, from the age of 15 — that it was men like him that the surfmen sacrificed their lives to rescue. He was also no stranger to the terror of life-saving, having assisted in the rescue effort when a British ship called the \u003cem>Warrior Queen\u003c/em> ran aground in Point Reyes back in 1874.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659316\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign off the highway points to the knoll of trees that hides the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The tribute also makes clear how tight-knit the Scandinavian community at Point Reyes was in those days, asserting that “all the Scandinavians on Point Reyes called him not Captain but ‘Papa Claussen.’ They came to him for advice, sympathy, and comfort, which he never denied them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So perhaps the four immigrant surfmen weren’t just courageous strangers to Claussen. These young men may have been his friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps it’s right that a place as hidden and still as this keeps a few secrets yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A tiny hidden cemetery reveals the brutal realities of saving shipwrecked sailors in the 19th century.",
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"title": "The Forgotten Men of the Point Reyes Life Saving Service | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>“You have to go out, but you don’t have to come back” — motto attributed to the Life Saving Service, 19th century\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The words “California coast” conjure a certain image — sun-drenched beaches, warm waters — in the popular imagination. Point Reyes National Seashore, 50 miles north of San Francisco, does not fit that image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the foggiest, windiest places in North America, for hundreds of years this stretch of the Pacific Ocean has posed incredible danger to seafarers. And hidden away inland, just off the road to Point Reyes’ famous lighthouse, there’s a tiny burial ground that conveys the human cost of this rugged, treacherous coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The graves of the four “surfmen” in Point Reyes at the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery is concealed within a knoll of cypress and eucalyptus trees, and most visitors drive right past it. Here, simple headstones mark the bodies of four young immigrants from Sweden, Finland and Germany. Known as “surfmen”, they were members of what was then called the Life Saving Service — what we now know as the United States Coast Guard. All four lost their lives working in Point Reyes in the 1890s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the cemetery, you can just see the exact stretch of coastline on which those surfmen spent their last months at Point Reyes’ very first Life-Saving Station. This area is known as the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the most treacherous stretch of water out here,” says John Dell’Osso, who has worked in Point Reyes for the National Park Service for 35 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659318 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 12-mile stretch of coastline known as the Great Beach, where Point Reyes’ first-ever Life-Saving Station was built \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes stretches out 10 miles from the mainland into the Pacific Ocean, resulting in its infamous high coastal winds and thick shrouding fogs. Even the logbooks of Sir Francis Drake’s ship in 1579 complain of “the stinking fogges” here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the first recorded shipwreck on the West Coast occurred: a Spanish galleon, torn on the rocks in 1595. Until the lighthouse was built in 1870, sailors on these waters making the turn into San Francisco Bay had no warning of the jagged land they were about to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service says that before the Life-Saving Station was built around 1890, the beaches were littered with shipwrecks — that residents often had to watch as those passengers and crew drowned in the waters in front of them. They couldn’t go in because in a place like Point Reyes, the surf is the thing that will kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659483\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659483 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg 1710w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-800x496.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1020x632.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1180x731.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-960x595.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-375x232.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Point Reyes Life-Saving Station (1889-1927) at which the four surfmen would have served \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We don’t know a lot about the young men lying in the cemetery, but we know how dangerous, punishing and isolating their work was in the Life Saving Service. At the Point Reyes Lighthouse, says Dell’Osso, winds “have been clocked at 133 miles per hour. We close the [visitor] stairs at 40 miles per hour because you can barely stand in that condition.” Regardless, he says, “if there was a rescue to be done, these individuals did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no motorized boats, or radios, or powerful searchlights like the Coast Guard has today. These men were dragging their small lifeboats across the hard sand, through mounds of driftwood, and rowing out to shipwrecks by hand, in swells that could reach as high as 12 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’ve ever seen some of the stormy conditions in the Point Reyes Seashore when we have pounding surf coming in,” says Dell’Osso, “it’s frightening to think that they did that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-800x525.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1020x670.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1180x775.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-960x631.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-375x246.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfboat launch at Drakes Bay in Point Reyes, circa 1900 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Often, when the waves prevented the surfmen’s rowboat from reaching a sinking ship, they would have to rescue the passengers one by one using a “breeches buoy”: a pair of thick, wide pants sewn into a life-ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was into this that exhausted, freezing, wet survivors would slide their legs and be hauled over to safety, high above the raging waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original “breeches buoy” in the Point Reyes Lifeboat Station at Chimney Rock \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they weren’t making rescues, these men were relentlessly training — ready to launch themselves into the ocean at a moment’s notice. So dangerous was their work that the four surfmen lying in the cemetery didn’t even die making a rescue, but in training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Carstens, of Germany, and Andrew Anderson, a Swede, died on a freezing December morning in 1890, as they were pulling their training boat back onto shore. According to the station’s logbooks, a huge breaker rose and overturned the vessel onto them, inflicting massive internal injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account of the accident in the Sausalito News relates how Anderson in particular was dragged from the surf “insensible, with the blood pouring from his mouth.” Both men died within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659497\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1123\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-800x468.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-960x562.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-240x140.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-375x219.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-520x304.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A “breeches buoy’ rescue, circa 1912 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over two years later, the second Swede, George Larson, died in the same spot, in exactly the same way. Yet their Finnish crewmate, John Korpala, wasn’t anywhere near a boat when he died in 1891. After hours patrolling the freezing wet beach, he went to bed with chills and never woke up. The coroner’s verdict was a hemorrhage in his lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they were kind of a different breed of individuals,” says Dell’Osso. “So I’m not sure if they were frightened, or they were, like, gung-ho to go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, he says, their story is one “about lives of sacrifice and service. And that’s exactly what they did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659494 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1094\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-160x91.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-800x456.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1020x581.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1180x672.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-960x547.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-240x137.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-375x214.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-520x296.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Life-Saving team at Point Reyes, date unknown \u003ccite>(National Maritime Museum, San Francisco/Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the turn of the century, the Life Saving Service was combined with the United States Revenue Cutter Service to form the Coast Guard we know today. In 1927, the station was moved to Chimney Rock, away from the deadly surf of the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Lifeboat Station still stands today, complete with pier and “marine railway” tracks used to launch the agency’s new motorized lifeboats. Although it demonstrates just a few decades’ technological advancement, this newer building is a world away from the hand-dragged rowboats commanded by the earlier surfmen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only the tiny cemetery a few miles away bears witness to the life and work of those first rescuers. Yet the reason that the four surfmen are buried here, of all places, lies a little further up that hill in the form of \u003cem>more\u003c/em> headstones — all belonging to a local Swedish family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659323\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Driftwood on the Great Beach of Point Reyes. On foggy days like this, visibility is minimal. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when the surfmen died, the land belonged to a dairy rancher called Peter Henry Claussen. This is the Claussen family graveyard, on the historic G Ranch, and he made space here “realizing that there was no [other] place to bury these individuals — and they were for the most part very young men,” according to Dell’Osso. Claussen himself is buried here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claussen’s gift doesn’t attract too much attention these days, and it’s often mistakenly attributed to his own father, Hinrik, who by then had been dead for several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659320\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11659320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Dell’Osso, National Park Service chief interpretation officer, in front of Point Reyes’ Historic Life-Saving Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Claussen’s motives for donating this land on his own family’s burial plot, a place he’d already buried his father and his wife, it’s generally assumed he felt a sense of duty to fellow immigrants — the community’s young local heroes with no real family in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a tribute to him in the Marin Journal, written by a friend in 1915 just after his death, may offer a little further insight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it we learn that Claussen himself had been a sailor, from the age of 15 — that it was men like him that the surfmen sacrificed their lives to rescue. He was also no stranger to the terror of life-saving, having assisted in the rescue effort when a British ship called the \u003cem>Warrior Queen\u003c/em> ran aground in Point Reyes back in 1874.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11659316\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign off the highway points to the knoll of trees that hides the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The tribute also makes clear how tight-knit the Scandinavian community at Point Reyes was in those days, asserting that “all the Scandinavians on Point Reyes called him not Captain but ‘Papa Claussen.’ They came to him for advice, sympathy, and comfort, which he never denied them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So perhaps the four immigrant surfmen weren’t just courageous strangers to Claussen. These young men may have been his friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps it’s right that a place as hidden and still as this keeps a few secrets yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "In the Age of Streaming, Berkeley's Last Video Rental Store Closes Its Doors",
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"content": "\u003cp>After 38 years in business, owner Andy Katz is closing \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/five-star-video-berkeley-4\">Five Star Video\u003c/a>. For decades, Katz had been the last man standing, offering patrons a blast from the past: the in-person experience of browsing an aisle for a movie, touching and reading the covers, and listening to movie recommendations from store clerks who carry with them encyclopedic knowledge of obscure titles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz’s store houses about 18,000 titles, everything from musicals to documentaries to foreign language film.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People get lost here. They will start picking at movies. They lose sight of what they’re here for,” says Katz. “But it’s like being a library, and it’s recreation for people. They like it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11673233\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"440\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andy Katz is standing next to the recommendation section, which is curated by humans working at the store instead of by the algorithms of a streaming site. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As streaming services like Netflix and Hulu have grown, video rental stores throughout the country have closed. What have we lost as we moved from brick-and-mortar stores with human-curated collections to streaming services that recommend videos and television shows?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot, says Katz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a tactile side of shopping, and that’s gone with Netflix. Their algorithm steers you towards things you might like based on what you’ve seen before, and that takes away your curiosity for new things. It’s the further commoditization of art.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The end of his lease seemed like a perfect moment to retire, he says. The store’s final day of operation will be June 17. After the store closes — from July 13 to 15 — Katz is planning to have a liquidation sale. It’s been a decent run, he says. Last year was profitable, but like most video store owners before him have discovered, Katz predicts the future won’t be so bright.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After 38 years in business, owner Andy Katz is closing \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/five-star-video-berkeley-4\">Five Star Video\u003c/a>. For decades, Katz had been the last man standing, offering patrons a blast from the past: the in-person experience of browsing an aisle for a movie, touching and reading the covers, and listening to movie recommendations from store clerks who carry with them encyclopedic knowledge of obscure titles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz’s store houses about 18,000 titles, everything from musicals to documentaries to foreign language film.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People get lost here. They will start picking at movies. They lose sight of what they’re here for,” says Katz. “But it’s like being a library, and it’s recreation for people. They like it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11673233\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"440\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/Shelf-e1528329458176-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andy Katz is standing next to the recommendation section, which is curated by humans working at the store instead of by the algorithms of a streaming site. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As streaming services like Netflix and Hulu have grown, video rental stores throughout the country have closed. What have we lost as we moved from brick-and-mortar stores with human-curated collections to streaming services that recommend videos and television shows?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot, says Katz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a tactile side of shopping, and that’s gone with Netflix. Their algorithm steers you towards things you might like based on what you’ve seen before, and that takes away your curiosity for new things. It’s the further commoditization of art.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The end of his lease seemed like a perfect moment to retire, he says. The store’s final day of operation will be June 17. After the store closes — from July 13 to 15 — Katz is planning to have a liquidation sale. It’s been a decent run, he says. Last year was profitable, but like most video store owners before him have discovered, Katz predicts the future won’t be so bright.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Anthony Bourdain on Bay Area Food and Why He Didn't Get Vegetarianism",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128831/anthony-bourdain-has-died-at-61-cnn-says\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">death of writer\u003c/a>, chef and host, Anthony Bourdain, on Friday has hit many people hard. Known for his quick, honest remarks and adventures in global cuisine, he helped change perceptions about local foods. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Author of the book “Kitchen Confidential” and host of CNN’s “Parts Unknown,” Bourdain was known for having an open mind when traveling, willing to eat everything from a still-beating cobra heart to a bowl of noodles. He wasn’t going for the “wow” factor; the chef was just eager to try new things and experience local fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appearing on KQED’s Forum in 2002, Bourdain had some zingers, meditative moments and even fielded a call about animal rights. You can listen to the full interview \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201161000/anthony-bourdain\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On eating adventurously while traveling:\u003c/strong> “I think hopefully people who travel come back with an enriched understanding of the world and their place in it, and how big and marvelous the world can be. I hope on balance that it’s better to travel with an open mind and see the world than to stay at home and eat nothing but shrink-wrapped boneless stuff.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On perceptions of American cuisine:\u003c/strong> “The rest of the world have a dimly-perceived view of us as eating nothing but fast-food hamburgers diving into swimming pools full of ketchup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Anthony Bourdain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201161000/anthony-bourdain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anthony Bourdain on Forum\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128852/remembering-anthony-bourdain-explorer-and-enthusiast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Remembering Anthony Bourdain, Explorer And Enthusiast\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128841/when-anthony-bourdain-had-breakfast-with-ofeibea-quist-arcton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">When Anthony Bourdain Had Breakfast With Ofeibea Quist-Arcton\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/121656/anthony-bourdain-urges-americans-to-value-the-things-we-eat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anthony Bourdain Urges Americans To ‘Value The Things We Eat’ in New Documentary\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the food scene in San Francisco:\u003c/strong> “I think that’s one of the things that’s traditionally been good about San Francisco and the Bay Area. It was really one of the first places in America to get into that regional, artisanal heirloom thing. This is taken for granted in much of the rest of the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On homelessness in San Francisco:\u003c/strong> “I’m a New Yorker and the homeless situation is… it is troubling to me as I’m sure it’s troubling to anyone with a heart and open eyes. I don’t fully understand it. It seems to be lots of them and in terrible shape and, you know, I’m a New Yorker. It struck me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On vegetarians (many of whom he encountered in the Bay Area):\u003c/strong> “It’s expensive being a vegetarian. You’re spending a lot of time buying expensive soy, dairy substitutes, which to me taste like spackle. And I just I don’t understand it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On a few of his favorite Bay Area restaurants:\u003c/strong> “I had a near religious food epiphany the other day. I found myself having a breakfast at Swan Oyster Depot sitting on a stool eating a chowder and crab and I thought, ‘Oh this is it. This is just perfect.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The meal I had at the French Laundry was the most impressive and ambitious restaurant meal I’ve ever sat down to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2009 tweet from Bourdain about San Francisco had no replies until this week. Since his death, it’s had an outpouring of replies and retweets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bourdain/status/3231198772\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chefs and fans also took to social media to express their sadness over Bourdain’s passing and share their memories of him. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GordonRamsay/status/1005063770744516608\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/PIGinc/status/1005329218367049729\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BarackObama/status/1005117568913412098\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/geoffgolberg/status/1005502465364676608\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ericripert/status/1005144049223983104\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His show, “Parts Unknown,” will be airing a special on him on Saturday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/PartsUnknownCNN/status/1005487502126452736\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128831/anthony-bourdain-has-died-at-61-cnn-says\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">death of writer\u003c/a>, chef and host, Anthony Bourdain, on Friday has hit many people hard. Known for his quick, honest remarks and adventures in global cuisine, he helped change perceptions about local foods. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Author of the book “Kitchen Confidential” and host of CNN’s “Parts Unknown,” Bourdain was known for having an open mind when traveling, willing to eat everything from a still-beating cobra heart to a bowl of noodles. He wasn’t going for the “wow” factor; the chef was just eager to try new things and experience local fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appearing on KQED’s Forum in 2002, Bourdain had some zingers, meditative moments and even fielded a call about animal rights. You can listen to the full interview \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201161000/anthony-bourdain\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On eating adventurously while traveling:\u003c/strong> “I think hopefully people who travel come back with an enriched understanding of the world and their place in it, and how big and marvelous the world can be. I hope on balance that it’s better to travel with an open mind and see the world than to stay at home and eat nothing but shrink-wrapped boneless stuff.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On perceptions of American cuisine:\u003c/strong> “The rest of the world have a dimly-perceived view of us as eating nothing but fast-food hamburgers diving into swimming pools full of ketchup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Anthony Bourdain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201161000/anthony-bourdain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anthony Bourdain on Forum\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128852/remembering-anthony-bourdain-explorer-and-enthusiast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Remembering Anthony Bourdain, Explorer And Enthusiast\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/128841/when-anthony-bourdain-had-breakfast-with-ofeibea-quist-arcton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">When Anthony Bourdain Had Breakfast With Ofeibea Quist-Arcton\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/121656/anthony-bourdain-urges-americans-to-value-the-things-we-eat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anthony Bourdain Urges Americans To ‘Value The Things We Eat’ in New Documentary\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the food scene in San Francisco:\u003c/strong> “I think that’s one of the things that’s traditionally been good about San Francisco and the Bay Area. It was really one of the first places in America to get into that regional, artisanal heirloom thing. This is taken for granted in much of the rest of the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "tepco-the-defunct-ceramics-factory-that-still-dishes-out-nostalgia",
"title": "TEPCO: The Defunct Ceramics Factory That Still Dishes Out Nostalgia",
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"content": "\u003cp>I saw my first TEPCO dish at the Alameda Antiques Fair. A stack of floral patterned plates sat on a table, waiting to be bought. The pink glaze glistened in the sun. I immediately fell in love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TEPCO dishes are ceramic, dense and glossy; the types of dishes you might find at a diner. From 1930 to 1968, TEPCO — the Technical Porcelain and Chinaware Company — made dishes like these out of their factory in El Cerrito, north of Berkeley. And though they look pretty ordinary, TEPCO dishes are actually really meaningful to a small band of collectors all over California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi Genser-Maack and her husband, Lynn Maack, are TEPCO collectors. For years, they’ve been scouring flea markets and estate sales, in search of these heavy, kitschy dishes. Sandi remembers when she and Lynn scored a rare TEPCO find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always go antiquing wherever we go. And way down low, in a cabinet where you could hardly see were two Doggie Diner mugs! We bought them, and we were so excited we were quivering,” Sandi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi and Lynn have an outdoor shed filled with TEPCO dishes. They had a newsletter called the TEPCO Tribune, and started the TEPCO Collectors Club. Every few months, club members would get together, and visit restaurants that still use TEPCO dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a cafe in El Cerrito, Sandi and Lynn flip through a binder full of images from the original TEPCO catalogue. They have pictures of every plate ever made, in every pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some dishes sport wild decorations: bamboo leaves, wagon wheels, flowers, and pagodas. And each pattern has an equally wild name, like “Confucius,” “Western Traveler,” “Pixie,” and “Flame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though they love TEPCO, Sandi and Lynn also know that, to most people, TEPCO dishes are kind of ugly and clunky. “They’ve got dings, scratches, and knots. And the quality is very bad, but we love them,” Sandi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11679711\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-800x499.jpg\" alt=\"Lynn Maack and his late wife Sandi Genser Maack pose with their TEPCO collection at the Richmond Museum's TEPCO exhibition in 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-800x499.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-1180x736.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-960x598.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-240x150.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-375x234.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-520x324.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lynn Maack and his late wife Sandi Genser Maack pose with their TEPCO collection at the Richmond Museum’s TEPCO exhibition in 2011. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lynn Maack)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The TEPCO factory was really a centerpiece for the El Cerrito community. TEPCO was El Cerrito’s biggest employer. Hundreds of people worked at the factory, making tens of thousands of pieces of pottery every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TEPCO was founded in 1930 by Italian immigrant John Pagliero. He started out making porcelain kitchen appliances, like toilets and sinks. But Pagliero realized he could do a lot more business by selling everyday items, like plates and cups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pagliero made a name for himself as a great salesman, and TEPCO dishes were everywhere. Local Bay Area restaurants like Louie’s Restaurant Club, Doggie Diner and Spenger’s Fish Grotto asked Pagliero to create custom designed plates. TEPCO dishes were even used at the Kaiser shipyards. The U.S. Army and Navy used full sets of TEPCO in their mess halls and on their ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local families also used TEPCO dishes in their kitchens. El Cerrito mothers, the story goes, used to tell their kids to bike down to the TEPCO factory to pick up an extra table setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The factory was going strong, until John Pagliero died in 1968. Tom Panas from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.elcerritohistoricalsociety.org/\">El Cerrito Historical Society\u003c/a> says rumor has it that the family was squabbling over who would take over. And, at the same time, El Cerrito was changing, becoming more residential. Some neighbors didn’t want to live next to a big, noisy factory. Whatever the reason, the factory closed down in 1968.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, all that’s left of the factory is a place affectionately known as TEPCO Beach. Factory workers used to drive the broken plates over to Point Isabel, in Richmond, and dump them along the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The porcelain pieces were never cleaned up, and now, multicolored TEPCO shards are piled in a thick layer on top of the sand, mixed in with dried seaweed. Walk on the beach, and you hear the crunch of porcelain underneath your feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679713\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11679713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Shards amongst seaweed and sand on TEPCO beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shards amongst seaweed and sand on TEPCO beach. \u003ccite>(Ariel Plotnick/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>TEPCO beach is tucked away off the Point Isabel bike path, but those who know of this secret spot like to come and hunt for special treasures: patterned pieces, handles broken off from teacups and, if you’re lucky, a full-sized plate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent day at TEPCO beach, Lynn Maack is watching the tide wash in over the shards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Sandi, passed away a few months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I look at some of my TEPCO collection, and it’s lost some of its luster. It’s something Sandi and I did together, and now I can’t even look at some of it,” Lynn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with a passion for TEPCO are getting harder and harder to find, and, it’s even more difficult to find people who remember life at the factory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was going to interview a man named Frank Storno, the last living TEPCO factory worker. But the day before our interview, he died. He was 101 years old. As TEPCO fans start to disappear, Lynn’s TEPCO collection has taken on even more meaning, a sort of ode to the factory and the people that handmade these dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn has considered that, to some people, his TEPCO collection is just a set of ugly dishes, nothing more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re probably not going to be important to someone else when I’m gone,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, it’s important to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve started collecting TEPCO dishes now. They’re pretty easy to find at flea markets all around California, especially the Alameda Antiques Fair. But I think it’s more fun to see TEPCO dishes in use, in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often, I sit down to eat at a diner, and think I see a TEPCO plate. I now flip dishes over to check if they have the green TEPCO stamp on the back. They rarely do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, I’ll keep flipping dishes over. Because one day, I might find a TEPCO plate. And that will be really nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story incorrectly attributed the factory’s closure in 1968 to a kiln fire. While there was a fire in 1946, Pagliero rebuilt the factory then. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "They look ordinary, but the kitschy, El Cerrito-manufactured dishes are meaningful to a small band of collectors all over California.",
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"title": "TEPCO: The Defunct Ceramics Factory That Still Dishes Out Nostalgia | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>I saw my first TEPCO dish at the Alameda Antiques Fair. A stack of floral patterned plates sat on a table, waiting to be bought. The pink glaze glistened in the sun. I immediately fell in love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TEPCO dishes are ceramic, dense and glossy; the types of dishes you might find at a diner. From 1930 to 1968, TEPCO — the Technical Porcelain and Chinaware Company — made dishes like these out of their factory in El Cerrito, north of Berkeley. And though they look pretty ordinary, TEPCO dishes are actually really meaningful to a small band of collectors all over California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi Genser-Maack and her husband, Lynn Maack, are TEPCO collectors. For years, they’ve been scouring flea markets and estate sales, in search of these heavy, kitschy dishes. Sandi remembers when she and Lynn scored a rare TEPCO find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always go antiquing wherever we go. And way down low, in a cabinet where you could hardly see were two Doggie Diner mugs! We bought them, and we were so excited we were quivering,” Sandi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi and Lynn have an outdoor shed filled with TEPCO dishes. They had a newsletter called the TEPCO Tribune, and started the TEPCO Collectors Club. Every few months, club members would get together, and visit restaurants that still use TEPCO dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a cafe in El Cerrito, Sandi and Lynn flip through a binder full of images from the original TEPCO catalogue. They have pictures of every plate ever made, in every pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some dishes sport wild decorations: bamboo leaves, wagon wheels, flowers, and pagodas. And each pattern has an equally wild name, like “Confucius,” “Western Traveler,” “Pixie,” and “Flame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though they love TEPCO, Sandi and Lynn also know that, to most people, TEPCO dishes are kind of ugly and clunky. “They’ve got dings, scratches, and knots. And the quality is very bad, but we love them,” Sandi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11679711\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-800x499.jpg\" alt=\"Lynn Maack and his late wife Sandi Genser Maack pose with their TEPCO collection at the Richmond Museum's TEPCO exhibition in 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-800x499.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-1180x736.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-960x598.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-240x150.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-375x234.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31277_Plotnick_SandiLynn_TEPCO-qut-1200x748-520x324.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lynn Maack and his late wife Sandi Genser Maack pose with their TEPCO collection at the Richmond Museum’s TEPCO exhibition in 2011. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lynn Maack)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The TEPCO factory was really a centerpiece for the El Cerrito community. TEPCO was El Cerrito’s biggest employer. Hundreds of people worked at the factory, making tens of thousands of pieces of pottery every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TEPCO was founded in 1930 by Italian immigrant John Pagliero. He started out making porcelain kitchen appliances, like toilets and sinks. But Pagliero realized he could do a lot more business by selling everyday items, like plates and cups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pagliero made a name for himself as a great salesman, and TEPCO dishes were everywhere. Local Bay Area restaurants like Louie’s Restaurant Club, Doggie Diner and Spenger’s Fish Grotto asked Pagliero to create custom designed plates. TEPCO dishes were even used at the Kaiser shipyards. The U.S. Army and Navy used full sets of TEPCO in their mess halls and on their ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local families also used TEPCO dishes in their kitchens. El Cerrito mothers, the story goes, used to tell their kids to bike down to the TEPCO factory to pick up an extra table setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The factory was going strong, until John Pagliero died in 1968. Tom Panas from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.elcerritohistoricalsociety.org/\">El Cerrito Historical Society\u003c/a> says rumor has it that the family was squabbling over who would take over. And, at the same time, El Cerrito was changing, becoming more residential. Some neighbors didn’t want to live next to a big, noisy factory. Whatever the reason, the factory closed down in 1968.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, all that’s left of the factory is a place affectionately known as TEPCO Beach. Factory workers used to drive the broken plates over to Point Isabel, in Richmond, and dump them along the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The porcelain pieces were never cleaned up, and now, multicolored TEPCO shards are piled in a thick layer on top of the sand, mixed in with dried seaweed. Walk on the beach, and you hear the crunch of porcelain underneath your feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11679713\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11679713\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Shards amongst seaweed and sand on TEPCO beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31276_Plotnick_TEPCOBeach-qut-1200x900-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shards amongst seaweed and sand on TEPCO beach. \u003ccite>(Ariel Plotnick/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>TEPCO beach is tucked away off the Point Isabel bike path, but those who know of this secret spot like to come and hunt for special treasures: patterned pieces, handles broken off from teacups and, if you’re lucky, a full-sized plate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent day at TEPCO beach, Lynn Maack is watching the tide wash in over the shards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Sandi, passed away a few months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I look at some of my TEPCO collection, and it’s lost some of its luster. It’s something Sandi and I did together, and now I can’t even look at some of it,” Lynn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with a passion for TEPCO are getting harder and harder to find, and, it’s even more difficult to find people who remember life at the factory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was going to interview a man named Frank Storno, the last living TEPCO factory worker. But the day before our interview, he died. He was 101 years old. As TEPCO fans start to disappear, Lynn’s TEPCO collection has taken on even more meaning, a sort of ode to the factory and the people that handmade these dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn has considered that, to some people, his TEPCO collection is just a set of ugly dishes, nothing more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re probably not going to be important to someone else when I’m gone,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, it’s important to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve started collecting TEPCO dishes now. They’re pretty easy to find at flea markets all around California, especially the Alameda Antiques Fair. But I think it’s more fun to see TEPCO dishes in use, in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often, I sit down to eat at a diner, and think I see a TEPCO plate. I now flip dishes over to check if they have the green TEPCO stamp on the back. They rarely do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, I’ll keep flipping dishes over. Because one day, I might find a TEPCO plate. And that will be really nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story incorrectly attributed the factory’s closure in 1968 to a kiln fire. While there was a fire in 1946, Pagliero rebuilt the factory then. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "relative-obscurity-the-brother-of-robert-f-kennedys-convicted-assassin-opens-up",
"title": "Relative Obscurity: The Brother of Robert F. Kennedy's Convicted Assassin Opens Up",
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"headTitle": "Relative Obscurity: The Brother of Robert F. Kennedy’s Convicted Assassin Opens Up | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n a serene, leafy street in north Pasadena, a 70-year-old man has lived a quiet life in a well-preserved Craftsman house since his family bought it in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He keeps the lawn mowed, he chats with the neighbors, and sometimes he smokes Parliament cigarettes with his tea on the front porch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a June day 50 years ago, one of his older brothers left this same house with a loaded .22 pistol. He got into his pink and white ’56 DeSoto and drove to a gun range. Later that evening, he headed to the Ambassador Hotel on Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Robert F. Kennedy had just won California’s Democratic primary election. He concluded his rousing victory speech with the words, “My thanks to all of you and now it’s on to Chicago and let’s win this!” and stepped from the ballroom into a small, crowded kitchen pantry surrounded by excited supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He never made it to Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shots rang out and Kennedy was down, taking two bullets in the back and one in the head. Members of the crowd jumped on the shooter and slammed him onto a steam table. A hotel employee grabbed his wrist as the gun emptied, the shots firing at random, wounding five others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy was rushed to a hospital. Twenty-six hours later, he was dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged assassin was identified as Sirhan Bishara Sirhan, a 24-year-old Arab Palestinian. He was not a U.S. citizen, but had been living in Pasadena for 12 years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the nation stood in shock at the second Kennedy killing in five years, the media became consumed with the question: Who was this person?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671974/the-busboy-who-cradled-a-dying-rfk-recalls-those-final-moments\">The L.A. Busboy Who Cradled a Dying RFK Recalls Those Final Moments\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671974/the-busboy-who-cradled-a-dying-rfk-recalls-those-final-moments\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/romeronpr1_custom-aae2056fb7c478c80e59ad38e4680c2581f3b3a4-1020x641.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He was just a fun-loving guy. He liked life, and he liked family,” says Munir Sirhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s the brother of Kennedy’s convicted assassin. “If anybody was trying to do me any harm, he’d go up and confront the people and tell’em, ‘Listen, this is my little brother. I don’t want anybody hurting him.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan Sirhan was tried and sentenced to the gas chamber, a sentence that was commuted to life in 1972. Since then, he’s been denied parole 15 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know what? I just want to hug him,” his brother Munir says. “Hug him and tell him, ‘Welcome home.’ I’d just like to see him reading a book on that chair like he used to when we were kids, and just walk around the block with him. I’d be happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last 50 years, Munir has waited for his brother to return to this house in Pasadena. And for the last 50 years, he’s lived in the wake of his brother’s actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir leads a solitary life. He never got married, never had a career. He worked odd jobs and was supported by his family, who always pooled their modest resources. He keeps the furniture in the house pretty much as it was the day Sirhan drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the family’s parents and six children, Munir and his older brother are the only ones left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, yeah, Sirhan and I. It’d be pretty rough without him, even if it’s just letter-writing,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Munir Sirhan next to a photo taken during a prison visit with his brother Sirhan Sirhan.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Munir Sirhan next to a photo taken during a prison visit with his brother Sirhan Sirhan. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, the Sirhan family — who were Arab Palestinian Christians — were living in Jerusalem, an area experiencing continued upheaval in the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. Munir says this was the violent backdrop for his early childhood memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[There was] a lot of hecticness,” he says. “A lot of air raid sirens going off every other day. I remember going to my best friend’s home, and they’re telling me he’s not coming to school today and wondering why, and then the next day you find out he got blown away from a bomb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to a program initiated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the United Nations, a ship overcrowded with seasick refugees brought the family to America in 1956, leaving the Holy Land for the paradise of Pasadena where their sponsor lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn’t perfect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ya know, we got along, we made friends, it was OK, but you couldn’t be an Arab here, you couldn’t be an Arab at all,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His devout mother Mary got a job in the nursery at Westminster Presbyterian Church, walking distance from the house. His father returned to the old country, unable to adapt to life in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Munir Sirhan, younger brother of convicted Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan, at the family home next to his brother's lemon tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673068\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Munir Sirhan, younger brother of convicted Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan, at the family home next to his brother’s lemon tree. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sirhan and Munir, their two youngest sons, attended local public schools and got paper routes for the Pasadena Star-News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan was a reader, and spent a lot of time holed up in his bedroom at the back of the house. At John Muir High School in Pasadena — the same school Jackie Robinson attended — he joined the ROTC and learned to shoot a .22 rifle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir had bad eyesight and quit school after 6th grade. He watched a lot of TV: “Felix the Cat,” “The Three Stooges” and “Yogi Bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was becoming an American. He loved music and he loved records, and he really loved song parodist Stan Freberg, the Weird Al Yankovic of the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I adored that guy,” says Munir. “I think that’s what I would have been, some sort of comedy songwriter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I had no idea it would have this kind of an outcome, no idea at all. You start looking inward to see if you were part of the blame for this thing happening.’\u003ccite>Munir Sirhan\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But that didn’t happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He got a job at F.C. Nash department store in Pasadena as a stock clerk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet this mundane position was not without dark significance. Through a co-worker, Munir got his brother a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asked me if I could get a gun. Sirhan used to belong to the ROTC at Muir, I said, ‘sure, I’ll ask,'” Munir recalls. “At work I asked a fellow employee and he said, ‘Yeah, I have a friend that has one he wants to sell.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to LAPD interview transcripts from 1968, Munir tried to talk his brother out of buying the .22, finally demanding that he swear on their dead sister’s memory that he would “go to the rifle range one time and then throw it away.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan did swear, but, as Munir told the cops, “he didn’t carry it through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Robert F. Kennedy's convicted assassin Sirhan Sirhan, just after graduating from Eliot Junior High School in Pasadena.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673063\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert F. Kennedy’s convicted assassin Sirhan Sirhan, just after graduating from Eliot Junior High School in Pasadena. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So one night in January, Munir’s work buddy drove over to the house in a Corvair, pulled up and honked. He had an eight-shot Iver Johnson revolver in a box. Sirhan came out on the porch and they made the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as Munir was concerned, it was no big deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no idea it would have this kind of an outcome, no idea at all,” he says. “You start looking inward to see if you were part of the blame for this thing happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A weekday morning in June 1968: Munir got on the bus and went to work at Nash’s. He stepped into the employees lounge before clocking in. For him, at this point it was still just another workday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The TV was on loud and the room was full and usually it’s not that full unless it’s somebody’s birthday, and I’m thinking it’s too early to celebrate a birthday,” he recalls. “I walked over and put coins in the coffee machine and took a couple sips of my coffee and looked at the screen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he saw stunned him.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘None of us were politically inclined. If you would’ve told me any of my brothers did anything like this, especially Sirhan, I’d call you the biggest liar in the world.’\u003ccite>Munir Sirhan\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It looked like Sirhan. I said, ‘Whoa!’ Picture came on again and I said, ‘That’s my brother.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, within a matter of seconds, Munir’s day goes from another eight hours in housewares to the shock that his brother is being held for shooting Robert F. Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What went through his mind?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought when this thing happened, they got the wrong guy,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir borrowed his boss’s car, picked up his brother Adel from home and they headed for the Pasadena police station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The officer didn’t seem too interested, so we walked away, and Adel happened to gaze at a newsstand and there it was, Sirhan’s picture on the front page,” says Munir. “So he grabbed the paper and went back to the desk sergeant, told him, ‘This is my brother.’ I remember the guy’s look. He said, ‘Oh!’ Then all hell broke loose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police quickly camped out on Munir’s street — and would remain for the next six months — to protect the family, though Munir says there were never any acts of vengeance. Nevertheless, it turned the neighborhood upside down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following is from a televised interview in front of the family house a few days later:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Police Chief Redden said the Sirhan family has been most cooperative in the investigation. ‘We know very little. [Sirhan] has been noncommunicative and he hasn’t told the family about what he’s been up to at all. So we don’t know anything more than you do.’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“When things somewhat cooled down, after we spoke with the FBI, after we spoke with the L.A. police and Pasadena police, mother and I went down to see him,” says Munir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The book shelf in the Sirhan family home, including Munir's Kennedy volumes and his brother Sirhan's copy of "Controlling the Human Mind." Sirhan was interested in hypnotism at the time of the assassination.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673064\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The book shelf in the Sirhan family home, including Munir’s Kennedy volumes and his brother Sirhan’s copy of “Controlling the Human Mind.” Sirhan was interested in hypnotism at the time of the assassination. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Did his brother say anything about shooting Kennedy or not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, no, no, no,” Munir says. “Mother asked him, ‘What happened?’ He said, ‘I don’t remember. I don’t know. All I know is my leg hurts,’ and I think it was one of his thumbs that were hurting. He specifically said, ‘I don’t remember what happened.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This lack of memory of the actual shooting of Kennedy is something that Sirhan has continued to maintain, though in a 1989 TV interview with David Frost he said his motivation to target Kennedy was the senator’s support of Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost asked, “Why did Robert Kennedy, the friend of the downtrodden, become the focus of this hatred?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because to me he was my hero,” Sirhan Sirhan responded. “He was my champion. He was the protector and the defender of the downtrodden and the disadvantaged and I felt that I was one. And to have him say that he was going to send 50 Phantom jets to Israel to deliver nothing but death and destruction on my countrymen, that seemed as though it was a betrayal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir says his brother never shared those feelings with him and that he never heard him express any negative feelings toward Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, no, no,” he emphasizes. “None of us were politically inclined. If you would’ve told me any of my brothers did anything like this, especially Sirhan, I’d call you the biggest liar in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the “Manchurian Candidate” theory, that Sirhan was acting under hypnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This could explain his calm demeanor that witnesses remarked upon immediately after the shooting, and the notebook police later found in his bedroom with “RFK must die” scrawled repeatedly, something hypnotism advocates say was automatic writing done during a trance state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this sounds like a cliché,” says Munir, “but he had played around with hypnotism and somewhere along the line he learned how to self-hypnotize himself, or somebody got into his head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the living room of the family house, there are glass-doored shelves filled with books. Stuck between yellowing copies of “Word Power Made Easy” and “How to Win Friends and Influence People” is an old hardback that belongs to Sirhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a book here that deals with personality or something,” says Munir, leaning in to find the book. He plucks out a volume called “The Laws of Mental Domination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked him about it one day but I never got any clear answers,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hypnosis and brainwashing and conspiracies aside, forensic evidence states that the shot that killed Kennedy came from no more than three inches from the back of his head, where an armed, private security guard had drawn his weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eyewitnesses place Sirhan as never closer than a few feet away and approaching Kennedy from the front. An audio tape recorded that night surfaced in 2004. Experts say it reveals up to 13 shots fired. Sirhan’s gun held eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This knowledge and its implications — the possibility that a second gunman was responsible for Kennedy’s murder — are what Munir clings to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t there but the people that were, they all say that they heard more shots, Sirhan wasn’t close enough,” Munir says. “These are eyewitnesses, it was not us, the family, making these things up. When we heard those things it gave us a little bit of hope that maybe Sirhan didn’t do it, like we thought all along. It wasn’t Sirhan. Not my brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At moments like this, sitting in the still and quiet dining room as his cigarette burns slowly in the ashtray, you can feel the helpless frustration that’s weighed upon Munir for decades over a situation he didn’t ask for, but one he has accepted as best he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Sirhan family tape recorder purchased in the '60s. Before the assassination, it was used to record family sing alongs. Later, the Sirhans recorded audio from TV news reports. It's no longer running.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sirhan family tape recorder purchased in the ’60s. Before the assassination, it was used to record family sing alongs. Later, the Sirhans recorded audio from TV news reports. It’s no longer running. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Eileen Sloman, her husband Peter and son Ernie have lived next door to Munir for almost 30 years. To her, he’s just “Manny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love Manny. He’s a really nice guy,” she says. “He’s a great neighbor, and when we’re gone he watches the house, when he’s gone we’ll watch his house, and just a few years ago he gave me his phone number. He’s let me in, a little bit at a time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, she’s seen the odd tour bus cruise by, and Munir once cautioned her to move her trash bins away from his on pickup day. Souvenir hunters sometimes root through the garbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the assassination, Munir says his neighbors were very supportive, and even in public his last name has never brought him trouble. No altercations, no curses, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he does get recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh yeah, I had jobs that my name would be printed on my shirt,” he says. “I’ve never had anybody that held any animosity toward us at all. In fact, I didn’t like it, but a lot of people would say, ‘You’re famous,’ or go out of their way to help because of the notoriety and I’d tell them, ‘Please, I have my own individuality.’ That’s been going on for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his individuality is a buried and private thing. Hang around with him for a while, and he seems like a regular guy. But a regular guy is a very hard thing to be when your brother was convicted of killing a Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the outside he’s friendly, he loves to talk,” offers Sloman, “I don’t understand really what he’s been going through, but to know that his last brother has been serving the last 50 years of his life in prison has got to be just horrible. Tearing him apart basically, I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan is currently residing in his fifth California prison since 1968, the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving is hard for Munir these days given his failing vision, so it’s mostly phone calls and letters between him and Sirhan, and even those are random.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they do come, he’s still talking to his big brother. The guy who used to look out for him so long ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“’Stop smoking, it’s bad for you,’” Munir says his brother tells him. “’It’s the number one killer in the United States. Take care of yourself … I need you alive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so Munir marks time in the house, alone. Ask him what his days are like and he shrugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He talks to the lawyers when they need something, and spends his dwindling eyesight reading and rereading boxes of briefs and transcripts, still trying to make sense of everything that’s consumed him for 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He seems to take it all in stride, but every now and again, just for a moment, something else comes to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a life of your own at all,” says Munir Sirhan. “I’m lost, still am. Did he do it? Didn’t he do it? People were there that say this and people were there that say that. I wasn’t there. I have to rely on my brother, and he says ‘I don’t remember.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been generations since that night in 1968. Who was Sirhan? Who was Robert Kennedy, even? What is unforgettable to older Americans has become vague or simply unknown to younger people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan Bishara Sirhan, California state prisoner B21014, will have his next parole hearing in 2021. His brother will be waiting.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "“You don’t have a life of your own at all ... I’m lost, still am,” says Munir Sirhan, “Did he do it? Didn’t he do it?\"",
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"title": "Relative Obscurity: The Brother of Robert F. Kennedy's Convicted Assassin Opens Up | KQED",
"description": "“You don’t have a life of your own at all ... I’m lost, still am,” says Munir Sirhan, “Did he do it? Didn’t he do it?"",
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"headline": "Relative Obscurity: The Brother of Robert F. Kennedy's Convicted Assassin Opens Up",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n a serene, leafy street in north Pasadena, a 70-year-old man has lived a quiet life in a well-preserved Craftsman house since his family bought it in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He keeps the lawn mowed, he chats with the neighbors, and sometimes he smokes Parliament cigarettes with his tea on the front porch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a June day 50 years ago, one of his older brothers left this same house with a loaded .22 pistol. He got into his pink and white ’56 DeSoto and drove to a gun range. Later that evening, he headed to the Ambassador Hotel on Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Robert F. Kennedy had just won California’s Democratic primary election. He concluded his rousing victory speech with the words, “My thanks to all of you and now it’s on to Chicago and let’s win this!” and stepped from the ballroom into a small, crowded kitchen pantry surrounded by excited supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He never made it to Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shots rang out and Kennedy was down, taking two bullets in the back and one in the head. Members of the crowd jumped on the shooter and slammed him onto a steam table. A hotel employee grabbed his wrist as the gun emptied, the shots firing at random, wounding five others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy was rushed to a hospital. Twenty-six hours later, he was dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged assassin was identified as Sirhan Bishara Sirhan, a 24-year-old Arab Palestinian. He was not a U.S. citizen, but had been living in Pasadena for 12 years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the nation stood in shock at the second Kennedy killing in five years, the media became consumed with the question: Who was this person?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671974/the-busboy-who-cradled-a-dying-rfk-recalls-those-final-moments\">The L.A. Busboy Who Cradled a Dying RFK Recalls Those Final Moments\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11671974/the-busboy-who-cradled-a-dying-rfk-recalls-those-final-moments\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/romeronpr1_custom-aae2056fb7c478c80e59ad38e4680c2581f3b3a4-1020x641.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He was just a fun-loving guy. He liked life, and he liked family,” says Munir Sirhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s the brother of Kennedy’s convicted assassin. “If anybody was trying to do me any harm, he’d go up and confront the people and tell’em, ‘Listen, this is my little brother. I don’t want anybody hurting him.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan Sirhan was tried and sentenced to the gas chamber, a sentence that was commuted to life in 1972. Since then, he’s been denied parole 15 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know what? I just want to hug him,” his brother Munir says. “Hug him and tell him, ‘Welcome home.’ I’d just like to see him reading a book on that chair like he used to when we were kids, and just walk around the block with him. I’d be happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last 50 years, Munir has waited for his brother to return to this house in Pasadena. And for the last 50 years, he’s lived in the wake of his brother’s actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir leads a solitary life. He never got married, never had a career. He worked odd jobs and was supported by his family, who always pooled their modest resources. He keeps the furniture in the house pretty much as it was the day Sirhan drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the family’s parents and six children, Munir and his older brother are the only ones left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, yeah, Sirhan and I. It’d be pretty rough without him, even if it’s just letter-writing,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Munir Sirhan next to a photo taken during a prison visit with his brother Sirhan Sirhan.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/04-WP-RS31287_IMG_5521-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Munir Sirhan next to a photo taken during a prison visit with his brother Sirhan Sirhan. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, the Sirhan family — who were Arab Palestinian Christians — were living in Jerusalem, an area experiencing continued upheaval in the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. Munir says this was the violent backdrop for his early childhood memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[There was] a lot of hecticness,” he says. “A lot of air raid sirens going off every other day. I remember going to my best friend’s home, and they’re telling me he’s not coming to school today and wondering why, and then the next day you find out he got blown away from a bomb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to a program initiated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the United Nations, a ship overcrowded with seasick refugees brought the family to America in 1956, leaving the Holy Land for the paradise of Pasadena where their sponsor lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn’t perfect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ya know, we got along, we made friends, it was OK, but you couldn’t be an Arab here, you couldn’t be an Arab at all,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His devout mother Mary got a job in the nursery at Westminster Presbyterian Church, walking distance from the house. His father returned to the old country, unable to adapt to life in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Munir Sirhan, younger brother of convicted Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan, at the family home next to his brother's lemon tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673068\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/05-WP-RS31285_IMG_5490-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Munir Sirhan, younger brother of convicted Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan, at the family home next to his brother’s lemon tree. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sirhan and Munir, their two youngest sons, attended local public schools and got paper routes for the Pasadena Star-News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan was a reader, and spent a lot of time holed up in his bedroom at the back of the house. At John Muir High School in Pasadena — the same school Jackie Robinson attended — he joined the ROTC and learned to shoot a .22 rifle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir had bad eyesight and quit school after 6th grade. He watched a lot of TV: “Felix the Cat,” “The Three Stooges” and “Yogi Bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was becoming an American. He loved music and he loved records, and he really loved song parodist Stan Freberg, the Weird Al Yankovic of the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I adored that guy,” says Munir. “I think that’s what I would have been, some sort of comedy songwriter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I had no idea it would have this kind of an outcome, no idea at all. You start looking inward to see if you were part of the blame for this thing happening.’\u003ccite>Munir Sirhan\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But that didn’t happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He got a job at F.C. Nash department store in Pasadena as a stock clerk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet this mundane position was not without dark significance. Through a co-worker, Munir got his brother a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asked me if I could get a gun. Sirhan used to belong to the ROTC at Muir, I said, ‘sure, I’ll ask,'” Munir recalls. “At work I asked a fellow employee and he said, ‘Yeah, I have a friend that has one he wants to sell.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to LAPD interview transcripts from 1968, Munir tried to talk his brother out of buying the .22, finally demanding that he swear on their dead sister’s memory that he would “go to the rifle range one time and then throw it away.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan did swear, but, as Munir told the cops, “he didn’t carry it through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Robert F. Kennedy's convicted assassin Sirhan Sirhan, just after graduating from Eliot Junior High School in Pasadena.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673063\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/02-WP-RS31286_IMG_6002-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robert F. Kennedy’s convicted assassin Sirhan Sirhan, just after graduating from Eliot Junior High School in Pasadena. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So one night in January, Munir’s work buddy drove over to the house in a Corvair, pulled up and honked. He had an eight-shot Iver Johnson revolver in a box. Sirhan came out on the porch and they made the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as Munir was concerned, it was no big deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no idea it would have this kind of an outcome, no idea at all,” he says. “You start looking inward to see if you were part of the blame for this thing happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A weekday morning in June 1968: Munir got on the bus and went to work at Nash’s. He stepped into the employees lounge before clocking in. For him, at this point it was still just another workday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The TV was on loud and the room was full and usually it’s not that full unless it’s somebody’s birthday, and I’m thinking it’s too early to celebrate a birthday,” he recalls. “I walked over and put coins in the coffee machine and took a couple sips of my coffee and looked at the screen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he saw stunned him.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘None of us were politically inclined. If you would’ve told me any of my brothers did anything like this, especially Sirhan, I’d call you the biggest liar in the world.’\u003ccite>Munir Sirhan\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It looked like Sirhan. I said, ‘Whoa!’ Picture came on again and I said, ‘That’s my brother.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, within a matter of seconds, Munir’s day goes from another eight hours in housewares to the shock that his brother is being held for shooting Robert F. Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What went through his mind?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought when this thing happened, they got the wrong guy,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir borrowed his boss’s car, picked up his brother Adel from home and they headed for the Pasadena police station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The officer didn’t seem too interested, so we walked away, and Adel happened to gaze at a newsstand and there it was, Sirhan’s picture on the front page,” says Munir. “So he grabbed the paper and went back to the desk sergeant, told him, ‘This is my brother.’ I remember the guy’s look. He said, ‘Oh!’ Then all hell broke loose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police quickly camped out on Munir’s street — and would remain for the next six months — to protect the family, though Munir says there were never any acts of vengeance. Nevertheless, it turned the neighborhood upside down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following is from a televised interview in front of the family house a few days later:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Police Chief Redden said the Sirhan family has been most cooperative in the investigation. ‘We know very little. [Sirhan] has been noncommunicative and he hasn’t told the family about what he’s been up to at all. So we don’t know anything more than you do.’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“When things somewhat cooled down, after we spoke with the FBI, after we spoke with the L.A. police and Pasadena police, mother and I went down to see him,” says Munir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The book shelf in the Sirhan family home, including Munir's Kennedy volumes and his brother Sirhan's copy of "Controlling the Human Mind." Sirhan was interested in hypnotism at the time of the assassination.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673064\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/03-WP-RS31288_IMG_5993-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The book shelf in the Sirhan family home, including Munir’s Kennedy volumes and his brother Sirhan’s copy of “Controlling the Human Mind.” Sirhan was interested in hypnotism at the time of the assassination. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Did his brother say anything about shooting Kennedy or not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, no, no, no,” Munir says. “Mother asked him, ‘What happened?’ He said, ‘I don’t remember. I don’t know. All I know is my leg hurts,’ and I think it was one of his thumbs that were hurting. He specifically said, ‘I don’t remember what happened.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This lack of memory of the actual shooting of Kennedy is something that Sirhan has continued to maintain, though in a 1989 TV interview with David Frost he said his motivation to target Kennedy was the senator’s support of Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost asked, “Why did Robert Kennedy, the friend of the downtrodden, become the focus of this hatred?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because to me he was my hero,” Sirhan Sirhan responded. “He was my champion. He was the protector and the defender of the downtrodden and the disadvantaged and I felt that I was one. And to have him say that he was going to send 50 Phantom jets to Israel to deliver nothing but death and destruction on my countrymen, that seemed as though it was a betrayal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munir says his brother never shared those feelings with him and that he never heard him express any negative feelings toward Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, no, no,” he emphasizes. “None of us were politically inclined. If you would’ve told me any of my brothers did anything like this, especially Sirhan, I’d call you the biggest liar in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the “Manchurian Candidate” theory, that Sirhan was acting under hypnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This could explain his calm demeanor that witnesses remarked upon immediately after the shooting, and the notebook police later found in his bedroom with “RFK must die” scrawled repeatedly, something hypnotism advocates say was automatic writing done during a trance state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this sounds like a cliché,” says Munir, “but he had played around with hypnotism and somewhere along the line he learned how to self-hypnotize himself, or somebody got into his head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the living room of the family house, there are glass-doored shelves filled with books. Stuck between yellowing copies of “Word Power Made Easy” and “How to Win Friends and Influence People” is an old hardback that belongs to Sirhan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a book here that deals with personality or something,” says Munir, leaning in to find the book. He plucks out a volume called “The Laws of Mental Domination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked him about it one day but I never got any clear answers,” Munir says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hypnosis and brainwashing and conspiracies aside, forensic evidence states that the shot that killed Kennedy came from no more than three inches from the back of his head, where an armed, private security guard had drawn his weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eyewitnesses place Sirhan as never closer than a few feet away and approaching Kennedy from the front. An audio tape recorded that night surfaced in 2004. Experts say it reveals up to 13 shots fired. Sirhan’s gun held eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This knowledge and its implications — the possibility that a second gunman was responsible for Kennedy’s murder — are what Munir clings to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t there but the people that were, they all say that they heard more shots, Sirhan wasn’t close enough,” Munir says. “These are eyewitnesses, it was not us, the family, making these things up. When we heard those things it gave us a little bit of hope that maybe Sirhan didn’t do it, like we thought all along. It wasn’t Sirhan. Not my brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At moments like this, sitting in the still and quiet dining room as his cigarette burns slowly in the ashtray, you can feel the helpless frustration that’s weighed upon Munir for decades over a situation he didn’t ask for, but one he has accepted as best he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Sirhan family tape recorder purchased in the '60s. Before the assassination, it was used to record family sing alongs. Later, the Sirhans recorded audio from TV news reports. It's no longer running.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/01-WP-RS31289_IMG_6004-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sirhan family tape recorder purchased in the ’60s. Before the assassination, it was used to record family sing alongs. Later, the Sirhans recorded audio from TV news reports. It’s no longer running. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Eileen Sloman, her husband Peter and son Ernie have lived next door to Munir for almost 30 years. To her, he’s just “Manny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love Manny. He’s a really nice guy,” she says. “He’s a great neighbor, and when we’re gone he watches the house, when he’s gone we’ll watch his house, and just a few years ago he gave me his phone number. He’s let me in, a little bit at a time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the decades, she’s seen the odd tour bus cruise by, and Munir once cautioned her to move her trash bins away from his on pickup day. Souvenir hunters sometimes root through the garbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the assassination, Munir says his neighbors were very supportive, and even in public his last name has never brought him trouble. No altercations, no curses, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he does get recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh yeah, I had jobs that my name would be printed on my shirt,” he says. “I’ve never had anybody that held any animosity toward us at all. In fact, I didn’t like it, but a lot of people would say, ‘You’re famous,’ or go out of their way to help because of the notoriety and I’d tell them, ‘Please, I have my own individuality.’ That’s been going on for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his individuality is a buried and private thing. Hang around with him for a while, and he seems like a regular guy. But a regular guy is a very hard thing to be when your brother was convicted of killing a Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the outside he’s friendly, he loves to talk,” offers Sloman, “I don’t understand really what he’s been going through, but to know that his last brother has been serving the last 50 years of his life in prison has got to be just horrible. Tearing him apart basically, I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan is currently residing in his fifth California prison since 1968, the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving is hard for Munir these days given his failing vision, so it’s mostly phone calls and letters between him and Sirhan, and even those are random.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they do come, he’s still talking to his big brother. The guy who used to look out for him so long ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“’Stop smoking, it’s bad for you,’” Munir says his brother tells him. “’It’s the number one killer in the United States. Take care of yourself … I need you alive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so Munir marks time in the house, alone. Ask him what his days are like and he shrugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He talks to the lawyers when they need something, and spends his dwindling eyesight reading and rereading boxes of briefs and transcripts, still trying to make sense of everything that’s consumed him for 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He seems to take it all in stride, but every now and again, just for a moment, something else comes to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a life of your own at all,” says Munir Sirhan. “I’m lost, still am. Did he do it? Didn’t he do it? People were there that say this and people were there that say that. I wasn’t there. I have to rely on my brother, and he says ‘I don’t remember.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been generations since that night in 1968. Who was Sirhan? Who was Robert Kennedy, even? What is unforgettable to older Americans has become vague or simply unknown to younger people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sirhan Bishara Sirhan, California state prisoner B21014, will have his next parole hearing in 2021. His brother will be waiting.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "the-serpent-statue-in-san-jose-that-people-think-is-something-else",
"title": "The Serpent Statue in San Jose That People Think Is Something Else",
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"headTitle": "The Serpent Statue in San Jose That People Think Is Something Else | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In recent years, there have been a lot of political battles over public sculptures, mostly because those sculptures lionize figures from a past we’re not so proud of anymore. But in San Jose, debate has bubbled for decades over a sculpture that was intended to celebrate the city’s Mexican-American heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a coiled snake made of Plaster of Paris and colored a dull earthy black. The snake is prominently placed on the south end of the Plaza de Cesar Chavez, a place where San Jose locals come to party, protest and just hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you stand near the sculpture long enough, local children will walk by and do a double take, before asking their parents, “Is that … poop?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I probably heard this story before, but it hasn’t stick [sic] to me and I keep wondering what it means,” says Daniel Fonseca. He is an interior designer and musician originally from Columbia who has lived in downtown San Jose for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668307\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\""Quetzalcoatl" by Robert Graham in San Jose's Plaza de Cesar Chavez, seen from behind.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Quetzalcoatl” by Robert Graham in San Jose’s Plaza de Cesar Chavez, seen from behind. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I have a little bit of sense. I mean, it’s related to the Mexican-American community, to the Aztec community, I want to think. But I never really stared at it and spend time with it and find out what the significance of it is,” says Fonseca.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Winged Serpent God\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The sculpture is of Quetzalcoatl (say que-tzal-coh-what-l), the Aztec god of wind and wisdom, commonly referred to as “the feathered serpent.” This iconic, dragonlike deity hails from Mesoamerican Teotihuacan, an ancient metropolis that once flourished northeast of modern-day Mexico City. Teotihuacan dominated the regional cultural landscape for centuries, and the art from Teotihuacan continues to resonate today throughout the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve seen Quetzalcoatl or his name, whether you realize it or not, all over the place, including on some Aeromexico planes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF745ZrUDys]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quetzalcoatl also shows up as a colorful monster in video games, and there’s a chocolate bar by Bay Area confectioners Guittard that is named \u003ca href=\"https://www.guittard.com/our-chocolate/detail/quetzalcoatl-bittersweet-chocolate-72-cacao\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quetzalcoatl\u003c/a>. (I tasted one for research purposes, and it was good.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, there are so many gorgeous depictions of Quetzalcoatl many people wonder how a sculpture that invites laughter plopped down in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How It Came To Be\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There is a plaque by the base of this sculpture, but as we’ll explain shortly, it doesn’t really do a good job of describing the sculpture. Instead, we ask for the backstory from Scott Herhold, a retired columnist for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/author/scott-herhold/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercury News\u003c/a> who periodically conducts tours of the public art in downtown San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tells us that, back in the 1980s, San Jose’s Redevelopment Agency wanted a statue to honor Thomas Fallon, the 10th mayor of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was an adventurer, an Irishman, one of the first Anglo settlers here,” Herhold says. “In 1846, he raised the flag, the American flag. Remember, this was part of Mexico still. From that point on, of course, San Jose really has been Anglo rather than Mexican.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it’s been Anglo \u003cem>and\u003c/em> Mexican-American, but Anglos dominated San Jose’s civic narrative for more than 100 years. But by 1988, when artist Robert Glen was commissioned to create a tribute to the Anglo hero, attitudes had changed. The Redevelopment Agency got blowback from the Mexican-American community. A new committee was established to pick a new artist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herhold continues, “They eventually settled on a man by the name of \u003ca href=\"http://www.robertgraham-artist.com/biography/bio.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robert Graham\u003c/a>. Graham had originally designed some work for the Redevelopment Agency. He was also part Latino himself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose State alum was highly regarded nationwide. His sculptures are on view all over the United States, including a commanding bronze memorial to \u003cspan class=\"bold\">Duke Ellington in New York’s Central Park and \u003c/span>a couple diminutive nudes outside the Federal Building in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668300\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Two bronze nudes by Robert Graham at the western entrance of the federal building at 300 S. First Street in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two bronze nudes by Robert Graham at the western entrance of the Federal Building on S. First Street in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Graham’s first drawings of Quetzalcoatl were of a winged creature. “They liked it very much,” Herhold says, pausing for effect. “It came out differently than they thought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a plaque at the base of the sculpture, but it doesn’t describe what you’re looking at. It describes a concept that was killed. “The winged serpent showed him sort of upright, with the wings out. Think almost of a peacock. It had that kind of feel to it,” Herhold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About six weeks before the unveiling, he says, Graham told the Redevelopment Agency that his concept had changed. “It was just a change in his artist conception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Conflicting Stories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I should stop here and tell you that’s not what Blanca Alvarado remembers. The retired San Jose politician was on the committee that worked with Graham, and her story differs from Herhold’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Scott and I need a little bit of time, and he needs a little more education, so that as he describes the piece on his tour, he’ll be better informed,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668278\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668278\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-800x491.jpg\" alt=\"The plaque at the base of the sculpture talks about the “plumed serpent,” but this is no plumed serpent. Confusing. Former Mercury News columnist Scott Herhold explains the plaque is referring to artist Robert Graham’s original concept. \" width=\"800\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-800x491.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1020x626.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1200x737.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1180x724.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-960x589.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-240x147.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-375x230.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-520x319.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13.jpg 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The plaque at the base of the sculpture talks about the “plumed serpent,” but this is no plumed serpent. Confusing. Former Mercury News columnist Scott Herhold explains the plaque is referring to artist Robert Graham’s original concept. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Michael Ogilvie)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alvarado says she also preferred Graham’s first, winged take on Quetzalcoatl. “It was quite elegant. It was a very, very beautiful piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado says that Graham’s original sculpture was axed by the Redevelopment Agency. They worried that the domed pedestal he proposed would become an attractive place to sleep for homeless people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was very frustrated by that objection. So he went to Mexico, and he stood there for three months at Teotihuacan, and he studied the stonework,” says Alvarado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His second proposal stems directly from that study. The coiled, stylized rattlesnake version of Queztecoatl was a thing, is a thing. \u003cem>Coatl\u003c/em>, after all, means serpent in the Aztec language Nahuatl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham made a small version of his final sculpture as a gift for Alvarado. She doesn’t know what material he used, but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper. It now sits in her backyard and it’s quite lovely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668293\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11668293 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-800x898.jpg\" alt=\"She doesn’t know what material he used but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper, and it’s quite lovely.\" width=\"800\" height=\"898\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-800x898.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-160x180.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1020x1145.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1069x1200.jpg 1069w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1180x1324.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-960x1078.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-240x269.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-375x421.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-520x584.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blanca Alvarado doesn’t know what material was used but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper, and it’s quite lovely. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The thing is, Graham opted for his sculpture in the park to be that earthy black and, coiled as it is, it suggests something else. Intentionally so? That’s an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Graham’s (Possible) Revenge\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s fundamentally an act of revenge,” Herhold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is Herhold telling us Graham wanted revenge because his fabulous proposal for a winged serpent got the ax? No. Herhold thinks it’s revenge for an entirely different project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Robert Graham had designed, as I mentioned, some work for the Redevelopment Agenc\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">y. The initial idea was to build gateways on the four sides of the city. So one on the south, one on the north, one on the west and one on the e\u003c/span>ast. And the Redevelopment Agency showed the media some pictures of this, and the Mercury News in particular sort of said thumbs-down to this. This is a silly idea, these gateways. So Graham had to withdraw that idea. And the feeling, at least among the Redevelopment Agency people I know, was that this was his act of revenge for the loss of that earlier commission,” says Herhold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has written about this in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/16/quetzalcoatl-sculpture-back-in-the-public-eye/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can he be so sure that the Quetzalcoatl sculpture is indeed an act of revenge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herhold acknowledges, “I don’t think you can be sure. Graham is now dead, and as far as I know, he never specifically said this was an act of revenge. But I can tell you the people that I know who were very well placed in the Redevelopment Agency, and even his mother, say this was his revenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That prompts this response from our Bay Curious question asker Daniel Fonseca. “If it was an act of revenge, I think it was very well captured, you know, because that is the first reaction: poop!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then Fonseca adds, “There must be a way to elevate this sculpture, to not have ‘poop’ be the first thing that you think. Like add some gardens around. Something that will bring out its significance. It’s set on a pedestal, so even the pedestal could be painted. It clearly needs some work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that score, at least, Blanca Alvarado agrees. “It needs some sprucing up,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sculpture was recently power-washed, but that’s it for the foreseeable future, according to San Jose’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseculture.org/Facilities/Facility/Details/Public-Art-Plumed-Serpent-Plaza-de-Csar--498\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of Cultural Affairs, \u003c/a>which maintains the installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, Alvarado is a veteran political activist, and she says she’s fixing to get busy at City Hall, pushing for some imaginative improvement to San Jose’s Queztecoatl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Is the Quetzalcoatl sculpture in San Jose the best tribute to the city's Mexican heritage? It's a matter of debate.",
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"title": "The Serpent Statue in San Jose That People Think Is Something Else | KQED",
"description": "Is the Quetzalcoatl sculpture in San Jose the best tribute to the city's Mexican heritage? It's a matter of debate.",
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"headline": "The Serpent Statue in San Jose That People Think Is Something Else",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In recent years, there have been a lot of political battles over public sculptures, mostly because those sculptures lionize figures from a past we’re not so proud of anymore. But in San Jose, debate has bubbled for decades over a sculpture that was intended to celebrate the city’s Mexican-American heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a coiled snake made of Plaster of Paris and colored a dull earthy black. The snake is prominently placed on the south end of the Plaza de Cesar Chavez, a place where San Jose locals come to party, protest and just hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you stand near the sculpture long enough, local children will walk by and do a double take, before asking their parents, “Is that … poop?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I probably heard this story before, but it hasn’t stick [sic] to me and I keep wondering what it means,” says Daniel Fonseca. He is an interior designer and musician originally from Columbia who has lived in downtown San Jose for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668307\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\""Quetzalcoatl" by Robert Graham in San Jose's Plaza de Cesar Chavez, seen from behind.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30926_Photo-Mar-08-9-43-06-AM-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Quetzalcoatl” by Robert Graham in San Jose’s Plaza de Cesar Chavez, seen from behind. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I have a little bit of sense. I mean, it’s related to the Mexican-American community, to the Aztec community, I want to think. But I never really stared at it and spend time with it and find out what the significance of it is,” says Fonseca.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Winged Serpent God\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The sculpture is of Quetzalcoatl (say que-tzal-coh-what-l), the Aztec god of wind and wisdom, commonly referred to as “the feathered serpent.” This iconic, dragonlike deity hails from Mesoamerican Teotihuacan, an ancient metropolis that once flourished northeast of modern-day Mexico City. Teotihuacan dominated the regional cultural landscape for centuries, and the art from Teotihuacan continues to resonate today throughout the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve seen Quetzalcoatl or his name, whether you realize it or not, all over the place, including on some Aeromexico planes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/YF745ZrUDys'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/YF745ZrUDys'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quetzalcoatl also shows up as a colorful monster in video games, and there’s a chocolate bar by Bay Area confectioners Guittard that is named \u003ca href=\"https://www.guittard.com/our-chocolate/detail/quetzalcoatl-bittersweet-chocolate-72-cacao\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quetzalcoatl\u003c/a>. (I tasted one for research purposes, and it was good.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, there are so many gorgeous depictions of Quetzalcoatl many people wonder how a sculpture that invites laughter plopped down in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How It Came To Be\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There is a plaque by the base of this sculpture, but as we’ll explain shortly, it doesn’t really do a good job of describing the sculpture. Instead, we ask for the backstory from Scott Herhold, a retired columnist for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/author/scott-herhold/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercury News\u003c/a> who periodically conducts tours of the public art in downtown San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tells us that, back in the 1980s, San Jose’s Redevelopment Agency wanted a statue to honor Thomas Fallon, the 10th mayor of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was an adventurer, an Irishman, one of the first Anglo settlers here,” Herhold says. “In 1846, he raised the flag, the American flag. Remember, this was part of Mexico still. From that point on, of course, San Jose really has been Anglo rather than Mexican.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it’s been Anglo \u003cem>and\u003c/em> Mexican-American, but Anglos dominated San Jose’s civic narrative for more than 100 years. But by 1988, when artist Robert Glen was commissioned to create a tribute to the Anglo hero, attitudes had changed. The Redevelopment Agency got blowback from the Mexican-American community. A new committee was established to pick a new artist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herhold continues, “They eventually settled on a man by the name of \u003ca href=\"http://www.robertgraham-artist.com/biography/bio.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robert Graham\u003c/a>. Graham had originally designed some work for the Redevelopment Agency. He was also part Latino himself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose State alum was highly regarded nationwide. His sculptures are on view all over the United States, including a commanding bronze memorial to \u003cspan class=\"bold\">Duke Ellington in New York’s Central Park and \u003c/span>a couple diminutive nudes outside the Federal Building in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668300\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Two bronze nudes by Robert Graham at the western entrance of the federal building at 300 S. First Street in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30924_Photo-Mar-12-12-59-55-PM-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two bronze nudes by Robert Graham at the western entrance of the Federal Building on S. First Street in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Graham’s first drawings of Quetzalcoatl were of a winged creature. “They liked it very much,” Herhold says, pausing for effect. “It came out differently than they thought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a plaque at the base of the sculpture, but it doesn’t describe what you’re looking at. It describes a concept that was killed. “The winged serpent showed him sort of upright, with the wings out. Think almost of a peacock. It had that kind of feel to it,” Herhold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About six weeks before the unveiling, he says, Graham told the Redevelopment Agency that his concept had changed. “It was just a change in his artist conception.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Conflicting Stories\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I should stop here and tell you that’s not what Blanca Alvarado remembers. The retired San Jose politician was on the committee that worked with Graham, and her story differs from Herhold’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Scott and I need a little bit of time, and he needs a little more education, so that as he describes the piece on his tour, he’ll be better informed,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668278\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668278\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-800x491.jpg\" alt=\"The plaque at the base of the sculpture talks about the “plumed serpent,” but this is no plumed serpent. Confusing. Former Mercury News columnist Scott Herhold explains the plaque is referring to artist Robert Graham’s original concept. \" width=\"800\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-800x491.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1020x626.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1200x737.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-1180x724.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-960x589.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-240x147.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-375x230.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13-520x319.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/file-13.jpg 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The plaque at the base of the sculpture talks about the “plumed serpent,” but this is no plumed serpent. Confusing. Former Mercury News columnist Scott Herhold explains the plaque is referring to artist Robert Graham’s original concept. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Michael Ogilvie)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alvarado says she also preferred Graham’s first, winged take on Quetzalcoatl. “It was quite elegant. It was a very, very beautiful piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado says that Graham’s original sculpture was axed by the Redevelopment Agency. They worried that the domed pedestal he proposed would become an attractive place to sleep for homeless people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was very frustrated by that objection. So he went to Mexico, and he stood there for three months at Teotihuacan, and he studied the stonework,” says Alvarado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His second proposal stems directly from that study. The coiled, stylized rattlesnake version of Queztecoatl was a thing, is a thing. \u003cem>Coatl\u003c/em>, after all, means serpent in the Aztec language Nahuatl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham made a small version of his final sculpture as a gift for Alvarado. She doesn’t know what material he used, but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper. It now sits in her backyard and it’s quite lovely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668293\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11668293 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-800x898.jpg\" alt=\"She doesn’t know what material he used but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper, and it’s quite lovely.\" width=\"800\" height=\"898\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-800x898.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-160x180.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1020x1145.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1069x1200.jpg 1069w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-1180x1324.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-960x1078.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-240x269.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-375x421.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30923_IMG_6491-2-qut-520x584.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blanca Alvarado doesn’t know what material was used but it’s green, the color of oxidized copper, and it’s quite lovely. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The thing is, Graham opted for his sculpture in the park to be that earthy black and, coiled as it is, it suggests something else. Intentionally so? That’s an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Graham’s (Possible) Revenge\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s fundamentally an act of revenge,” Herhold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is Herhold telling us Graham wanted revenge because his fabulous proposal for a winged serpent got the ax? No. Herhold thinks it’s revenge for an entirely different project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Robert Graham had designed, as I mentioned, some work for the Redevelopment Agenc\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">y. The initial idea was to build gateways on the four sides of the city. So one on the south, one on the north, one on the west and one on the e\u003c/span>ast. And the Redevelopment Agency showed the media some pictures of this, and the Mercury News in particular sort of said thumbs-down to this. This is a silly idea, these gateways. So Graham had to withdraw that idea. And the feeling, at least among the Redevelopment Agency people I know, was that this was his act of revenge for the loss of that earlier commission,” says Herhold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has written about this in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/16/quetzalcoatl-sculpture-back-in-the-public-eye/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can he be so sure that the Quetzalcoatl sculpture is indeed an act of revenge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herhold acknowledges, “I don’t think you can be sure. Graham is now dead, and as far as I know, he never specifically said this was an act of revenge. But I can tell you the people that I know who were very well placed in the Redevelopment Agency, and even his mother, say this was his revenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That prompts this response from our Bay Curious question asker Daniel Fonseca. “If it was an act of revenge, I think it was very well captured, you know, because that is the first reaction: poop!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then Fonseca adds, “There must be a way to elevate this sculpture, to not have ‘poop’ be the first thing that you think. Like add some gardens around. Something that will bring out its significance. It’s set on a pedestal, so even the pedestal could be painted. It clearly needs some work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that score, at least, Blanca Alvarado agrees. “It needs some sprucing up,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sculpture was recently power-washed, but that’s it for the foreseeable future, according to San Jose’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseculture.org/Facilities/Facility/Details/Public-Art-Plumed-Serpent-Plaza-de-Csar--498\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of Cultural Affairs, \u003c/a>which maintains the installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, Alvarado is a veteran political activist, and she says she’s fixing to get busy at City Hall, pushing for some imaginative improvement to San Jose’s Queztecoatl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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