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"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump is leaning toward choosing Rex Tillerson as his nominee for secretary of state, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/rex-tillerson-exxon-mobil-expected-be-named-trump-s-secretary-n694371\">according to multiple news reports \u003c/a>this weekend. NPR has not independently confirmed those reports. The potential pick is already drawing scrutiny for the ExxonMobil CEO's close relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he has no government experience, the 64-year-old Tillerson oversees a company that has operations in 50 countries around the world and has worked closely with Putin. In 2011, he struck a deal with a Kremlin-controlled oil company to drill in the Arctic, but the project was put on hold after the U.S. and Europe imposed sanctions on Russia over its actions in Ukraine, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-candidate-for-state-has-close-ties-to-vladimir-putin-1481033938\">\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson has opposed U.S. sanctions against Russia, telling his company's shareholders in May 2014 that \"we don't find them to be effective unless they are very well implemented comprehensively and that's a very hard thing to do,\" according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/rex-tillerson-exxon-mobile-expected-be-named-trump-s-secretary-n694371?cid=eml_nbn_20161210\">NBC News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11217197\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11217197\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Russian President Vladimir Putin and Rex Tillerson, chairman and CEO of Exxon Mobil, share a laugh during a signing ceremony for an arctic oil exploration deal between Exxon Mobil and Rosneft in August 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823.jpg 926w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Russian President Vladimir Putin and Rex Tillerson, chairman and CEO of Exxon Mobil, share a laugh during a signing ceremony for an Arctic oil exploration deal between Exxon Mobil and Rosneft in August 2011. \u003ccite>(Sasha Mordovets/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prospect of Tillerson as secretary of state sparked a round of criticism from Democrats, and even pushback from Republican senators who would vote on his nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida GOP Sen. Marco Rubio sits on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, which conducts hearings for secretary of state nominees, and tweeted on Sunday, \"Being a 'friend of Vladimir' is not an attribute I am hoping for from a #SecretaryOfState.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senator John McCain, R-Ariz., pledged that Tillerson will get a fair hearing in the Senate during at interview with CBS's \u003cem>Face The Nation\u003c/em>, but added, \"It's a matter of concern to me that he has such a close personal relationship with Vladimir Putin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his transition team insist that no final decision has been made and that an announcement is coming this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/807970490635743237\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump praised many of the candidates he has interviewed for the job in an interview on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em>, where he was asked to make the case for Tillerson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's much more than a business executive. I mean, he's a world-class player,\" Trump said of the ExxonMobil chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been a company that's been unbelievably managed,\" Trump continued. \"And to me, a great advantage is he knows many of the players, and he knows them well. He does massive deals in Russia. He does massive deals for the company, not for himself, for the company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson represented his company in Russia during Boris Yeltsin's administration, and in 2013 the Kremlin awarded him Russia's \"Order of Friendship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vRPwoWj4ArEuoSVahKYzyP32g31yspuv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news of Tillerson's likely nomination comes just as the CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Trump win. Trump pushed back on that report late Friday, in a statement that disparaged the CIA but didn't address Russia's involvement. Throughout the campaign, Trump repeatedly praised Putin and questioned earlier reports from the CIA that Russian hackers were behind the release of emails from the Democratic National Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's deliberation over who should serve as the country's chief diplomat has been very public. In an interview process that has seemed at times to mirror the drama that the former reality TV star loves, other finalists for the job included Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Bob Corker, R-Tenn.; former CIA Director David Petraeus; and 2012 GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney, a leading critic of Trump in the 2016 campaign. Romney recanted his comments calling Trump a \"phony\" and a \"fraud\" as he lobbied for the secretary of state job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations John Bolton was also seen in contention, but reports indicate he is likely to be named as deputy secretary of state, responsible for daily operations as the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolton served under President George W. Bush in the State Department and as U.N. ambassador, and he stands by the decision to invade Iraq in 2003 and overthrow Saddam Hussein. He also \u003ca href=\"http://nypost.com/2016/11/13/trump-needs-to-reverse-the-iran-deal-and-assert-our-interests/\">advocates for tearing up the Iran nuclear agreement\u003c/a> reached by the Obama administration. Bolton said recently that the only lasting solution is \"regime change in Tehran.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another onetime top pick, former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/09/politics/rudy-giuliani-removes-himself-from-consideration-for-trump-cabinet-post/\">announced\u003c/a> Friday he had taken himself out of the running, though earlier reports had indicated it was Trump who had already decided that one of his most fervent supporters and frequent surrogates would not get the plum post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Tillerson is nominated, there will be some tough questions ahead about how he can take on the role of America's top diplomat and distance himself from his company's interests and his vast holdings of Exxon shares, which are reportedly worth about $151 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some breaks between Tillerson and the president-elect. According to \u003ca href=\"https://origin-nyi.thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/308363-scarborough-trump-considering-exxon-ceo-for-secretary-of-state\">\u003cem>The Hill\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Tillerson does believe in man-made climate change and supports the Paris climate agreement that Trump opposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson is a Texas native and has run ExxonMobil since 2006. He began his career at Exxon as an engineer in 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Michele Kelemen, Meg Anderson and Arnie Seipel contributed\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump is leaning toward choosing Rex Tillerson as his nominee for secretary of state, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/rex-tillerson-exxon-mobil-expected-be-named-trump-s-secretary-n694371\">according to multiple news reports \u003c/a>this weekend. NPR has not independently confirmed those reports. The potential pick is already drawing scrutiny for the ExxonMobil CEO's close relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he has no government experience, the 64-year-old Tillerson oversees a company that has operations in 50 countries around the world and has worked closely with Putin. In 2011, he struck a deal with a Kremlin-controlled oil company to drill in the Arctic, but the project was put on hold after the U.S. and Europe imposed sanctions on Russia over its actions in Ukraine, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-candidate-for-state-has-close-ties-to-vladimir-putin-1481033938\">\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson has opposed U.S. sanctions against Russia, telling his company's shareholders in May 2014 that \"we don't find them to be effective unless they are very well implemented comprehensively and that's a very hard thing to do,\" according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/rex-tillerson-exxon-mobile-expected-be-named-trump-s-secretary-n694371?cid=eml_nbn_20161210\">NBC News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11217197\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11217197\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Russian President Vladimir Putin and Rex Tillerson, chairman and CEO of Exxon Mobil, share a laugh during a signing ceremony for an arctic oil exploration deal between Exxon Mobil and Rosneft in August 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/gettyimages-123065051-93e1f43fa2415e4b6abfdeb752e046b1f2f2e823.jpg 926w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Russian President Vladimir Putin and Rex Tillerson, chairman and CEO of Exxon Mobil, share a laugh during a signing ceremony for an Arctic oil exploration deal between Exxon Mobil and Rosneft in August 2011. \u003ccite>(Sasha Mordovets/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The prospect of Tillerson as secretary of state sparked a round of criticism from Democrats, and even pushback from Republican senators who would vote on his nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida GOP Sen. Marco Rubio sits on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, which conducts hearings for secretary of state nominees, and tweeted on Sunday, \"Being a 'friend of Vladimir' is not an attribute I am hoping for from a #SecretaryOfState.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senator John McCain, R-Ariz., pledged that Tillerson will get a fair hearing in the Senate during at interview with CBS's \u003cem>Face The Nation\u003c/em>, but added, \"It's a matter of concern to me that he has such a close personal relationship with Vladimir Putin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his transition team insist that no final decision has been made and that an announcement is coming this week.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump praised many of the candidates he has interviewed for the job in an interview on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em>, where he was asked to make the case for Tillerson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's much more than a business executive. I mean, he's a world-class player,\" Trump said of the ExxonMobil chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been a company that's been unbelievably managed,\" Trump continued. \"And to me, a great advantage is he knows many of the players, and he knows them well. He does massive deals in Russia. He does massive deals for the company, not for himself, for the company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson represented his company in Russia during Boris Yeltsin's administration, and in 2013 the Kremlin awarded him Russia's \"Order of Friendship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news of Tillerson's likely nomination comes just as the CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Trump win. Trump pushed back on that report late Friday, in a statement that disparaged the CIA but didn't address Russia's involvement. Throughout the campaign, Trump repeatedly praised Putin and questioned earlier reports from the CIA that Russian hackers were behind the release of emails from the Democratic National Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's deliberation over who should serve as the country's chief diplomat has been very public. In an interview process that has seemed at times to mirror the drama that the former reality TV star loves, other finalists for the job included Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Bob Corker, R-Tenn.; former CIA Director David Petraeus; and 2012 GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney, a leading critic of Trump in the 2016 campaign. Romney recanted his comments calling Trump a \"phony\" and a \"fraud\" as he lobbied for the secretary of state job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations John Bolton was also seen in contention, but reports indicate he is likely to be named as deputy secretary of state, responsible for daily operations as the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolton served under President George W. Bush in the State Department and as U.N. ambassador, and he stands by the decision to invade Iraq in 2003 and overthrow Saddam Hussein. He also \u003ca href=\"http://nypost.com/2016/11/13/trump-needs-to-reverse-the-iran-deal-and-assert-our-interests/\">advocates for tearing up the Iran nuclear agreement\u003c/a> reached by the Obama administration. Bolton said recently that the only lasting solution is \"regime change in Tehran.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another onetime top pick, former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/09/politics/rudy-giuliani-removes-himself-from-consideration-for-trump-cabinet-post/\">announced\u003c/a> Friday he had taken himself out of the running, though earlier reports had indicated it was Trump who had already decided that one of his most fervent supporters and frequent surrogates would not get the plum post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Tillerson is nominated, there will be some tough questions ahead about how he can take on the role of America's top diplomat and distance himself from his company's interests and his vast holdings of Exxon shares, which are reportedly worth about $151 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some breaks between Tillerson and the president-elect. According to \u003ca href=\"https://origin-nyi.thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/308363-scarborough-trump-considering-exxon-ceo-for-secretary-of-state\">\u003cem>The Hill\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Tillerson does believe in man-made climate change and supports the Paris climate agreement that Trump opposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson is a Texas native and has run ExxonMobil since 2006. He began his career at Exxon as an engineer in 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Michele Kelemen, Meg Anderson and Arnie Seipel contributed\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Donald Trump: Strong Leader or Dangerous Authoritarian?",
"title": "Donald Trump: Strong Leader or Dangerous Authoritarian?",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Even before he is sworn in, Donald Trump is putting his own stamp on the role of chief executive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has some people rejoicing — and others worried about where he's going to take the country. Here is why some of Trump's critics say the president-elect could be a threat to democratic institutions and why others say those fears are overblown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is shaping up to be more than just an activist president. With one tweet, he drives down the stock price of a major American company. With another, he unleashes a flood of death threats against a local labor leader who displeased him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evan McMullin, a former Republican House staffer and CIA operative who ran as an independent for president against Trump, points to Trump's intervention with the Carrier company. Trump's involvement led to Carrier agreeing to keep 750 jobs in the U.S. instead of moving them to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMullin charged that the Carrier deal showed that Trump has authoritarian instincts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most fundamental part of authoritarianism is this idea that what the authoritarian believes should go,\" McMullin told NPR. \"They are the only authority. It's the president making decisions about particular companies rather than working within the system to create laws that affect companies in the context of the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others, even critics of Trump, say the Carrier deal was not necessarily a sign of a populist authoritarian in the making — it was merely bad economic policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> columnist Bret Stephens, a Trump critic, said the president-elect is giving new meaning to the bully part of the bully pulpit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It just sets a dangerous precedent that a president can take a private company by the throat,\" Stephens said. \"It's not what you'd expect from a guy who supposedly believes in the power that supports free markets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, say others, it was a pretty lousy deal — since Carrier has announced it plans to automate the plant and lay off even more workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump's supporters say his intervention with Carrier shows Trump is a strong leader — doing exactly what he promised to do during the campaign. Conservative talk-show host Laura Ingraham, who is in contention for White House press secretary, said what Trump did, when he reminded Carrier's parent company about its defense contracts with the federal government and got the company to accept the package of incentives the state of Indiana was already offering, was well within the bounds of executive action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Giving companies incentives to stay in states, as you see governors do all the time,\" Ingraham said, \"what's wrong with that? What's wrong with doing things that actually help regular, working-class Americans and that are popular?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the debate about Trump and democracy doesn't stop there. His critics say they can find no instance where Trump spoke in defense of democratic institutions or values. During the campaign he questioned the ability of a U.S.-born judge with Mexican parents to preside fairly over a lawsuit against him. Trump was suggesting that being an American has more to do with ethnic heritage than shared values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Trump cast doubt on U.S. intelligence and said he doesn't plan to take daily intelligence briefings. He has repeatedly sided with Russia, casting doubt that Russians hacked Democratic National Committee emails and the emails of Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman John Podesta — and colluded to release them via WikiLeaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CIA concluded Russia did so in an effort to help install Trump as the next U.S. president. Trump dismisses any evidence of that. President Obama has launched a \"full review\" of international meddling related to U.S. elections going back to the 2008 election, when China was found to have hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to freedom of speech, Trump is famous for his attacks on the media. Those are standard for political candidates, but Trump went even further, threatening to alter libel laws so journalists could be \"sued like they've never been sued before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Trump also promised to throw Hillary Clinton in jail. Even after he won, his critics say his magnanimous offer to \u003cem>refrain\u003c/em> from prosecuting her showed a lack of understanding of the U.S. democratic system, under which presidents don't get to decide by themselves whom to prosecute, let alone throw in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there's the ongoing debate about Trump's constant stream of statements that have no basis in fact. Coupled with the torrent of fake news stories (which Trump has repeated), these falsehoods, Trump's critics say, could undermine liberal democracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether stating with zero proof that millions of noncitizens voted illegally, claiming falsely that climate change is a hoax, questioning baselessly (for years) if Obama was born in the United States, stating that he \"heard\" the unemployment rate might really be 42 percent or that everything people hear from the \"dishonest media\" is a lie, Trump's messages are designed to sow confusion, McMullin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, if citizens can't believe anything they hear, then the easiest path is to just trust the leader. And, Trump has said, \"I alone\" can fix the country's problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To McMullin, this is a hallmark of authoritarians. He points to Trump's false claim that millions of illegal votes prevented him from winning a popular-vote majority, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It serves to undermine our democratic institutions,\" McMullin said. \"If those institutions are weakened, if we have less faith, for example, in elections, that strengthens the hand of the authoritarian.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response of Trump's supporters to that critique hasn't been what you'd expect. Instead of insisting that Trump is telling the truth, Trump's surrogates, like his former campaign Manager Corey Lewandowski, said falsehoods are just part of Trump's leadership style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the problem with the media,\" Lewandowski said at a recent Harvard University forum. \"You guys took everything Donald Trump said so literally. And the problem with that is the American people didn't. They understood that sometimes when you have a conversation with people, you're going to say something, and maybe you don't have all the facts to back that up, but that's how the American people live.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewandowski seems to be arguing that since the average American might not know what he's talking about, why should Trump?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Trump surrogates, like Scottie Nell Hughes, openly embrace Trump's role as the first president operating in a post-factual world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no such thing, unfortunately, anymore of facts,\" Hughes said recently on \u003cem>The Diane Rehm Show.\u003c/em> \"And so Mr. Trump's tweets, amongst a certain crowd, a large — a large part of the population, are truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The argument that Trump's repeated prevarications pose a threat to democratic institutions, and to American democracy itself, is rejected by former George W. Bush strategist Karl Rove. He dismissed it as nothing more than left-wing hyperventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is far-fetched, starting with the authoritarianism,\" Rove told NPR. \"Yes, there are Republicans concerned that he rambunctiously doesn't understand the restraints on the executive, that he doesn't understand the prerogatives under Article 1 that Congress enjoys — yeah. But the process is going to teach him those constraints — and reality is going to teach him those constraints.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Clinton White House aide Bill Galston agrees. He points to the checks and balances American founders designed to restrain any president who tries to chip away at rule of law, individual rights, a free press or an independent judiciary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the next few years will be a kind of stress test for the liberal, democratic constitutional institutions that we have built with such pain and such struggle over the last two-and-a-quarter centuries,\" Galston said. \"I am cautiously optimistic that our institutions will pass that test, but they will be tested.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what the conversation is like at the dawn of the age of Trump, where it's not yet clear what a Trump presidency will mean — for the economy, foreign policy or democratic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Donald+Trump%3A+Strong+Leader+Or+Dangerous+Authoritarian%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even before he is sworn in, Donald Trump is putting his own stamp on the role of chief executive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has some people rejoicing — and others worried about where he's going to take the country. Here is why some of Trump's critics say the president-elect could be a threat to democratic institutions and why others say those fears are overblown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is shaping up to be more than just an activist president. With one tweet, he drives down the stock price of a major American company. With another, he unleashes a flood of death threats against a local labor leader who displeased him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evan McMullin, a former Republican House staffer and CIA operative who ran as an independent for president against Trump, points to Trump's intervention with the Carrier company. Trump's involvement led to Carrier agreeing to keep 750 jobs in the U.S. instead of moving them to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMullin charged that the Carrier deal showed that Trump has authoritarian instincts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most fundamental part of authoritarianism is this idea that what the authoritarian believes should go,\" McMullin told NPR. \"They are the only authority. It's the president making decisions about particular companies rather than working within the system to create laws that affect companies in the context of the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others, even critics of Trump, say the Carrier deal was not necessarily a sign of a populist authoritarian in the making — it was merely bad economic policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> columnist Bret Stephens, a Trump critic, said the president-elect is giving new meaning to the bully part of the bully pulpit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It just sets a dangerous precedent that a president can take a private company by the throat,\" Stephens said. \"It's not what you'd expect from a guy who supposedly believes in the power that supports free markets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, say others, it was a pretty lousy deal — since Carrier has announced it plans to automate the plant and lay off even more workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump's supporters say his intervention with Carrier shows Trump is a strong leader — doing exactly what he promised to do during the campaign. Conservative talk-show host Laura Ingraham, who is in contention for White House press secretary, said what Trump did, when he reminded Carrier's parent company about its defense contracts with the federal government and got the company to accept the package of incentives the state of Indiana was already offering, was well within the bounds of executive action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Giving companies incentives to stay in states, as you see governors do all the time,\" Ingraham said, \"what's wrong with that? What's wrong with doing things that actually help regular, working-class Americans and that are popular?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the debate about Trump and democracy doesn't stop there. His critics say they can find no instance where Trump spoke in defense of democratic institutions or values. During the campaign he questioned the ability of a U.S.-born judge with Mexican parents to preside fairly over a lawsuit against him. Trump was suggesting that being an American has more to do with ethnic heritage than shared values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Trump cast doubt on U.S. intelligence and said he doesn't plan to take daily intelligence briefings. He has repeatedly sided with Russia, casting doubt that Russians hacked Democratic National Committee emails and the emails of Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman John Podesta — and colluded to release them via WikiLeaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CIA concluded Russia did so in an effort to help install Trump as the next U.S. president. Trump dismisses any evidence of that. President Obama has launched a \"full review\" of international meddling related to U.S. elections going back to the 2008 election, when China was found to have hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to freedom of speech, Trump is famous for his attacks on the media. Those are standard for political candidates, but Trump went even further, threatening to alter libel laws so journalists could be \"sued like they've never been sued before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Trump also promised to throw Hillary Clinton in jail. Even after he won, his critics say his magnanimous offer to \u003cem>refrain\u003c/em> from prosecuting her showed a lack of understanding of the U.S. democratic system, under which presidents don't get to decide by themselves whom to prosecute, let alone throw in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there's the ongoing debate about Trump's constant stream of statements that have no basis in fact. Coupled with the torrent of fake news stories (which Trump has repeated), these falsehoods, Trump's critics say, could undermine liberal democracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether stating with zero proof that millions of noncitizens voted illegally, claiming falsely that climate change is a hoax, questioning baselessly (for years) if Obama was born in the United States, stating that he \"heard\" the unemployment rate might really be 42 percent or that everything people hear from the \"dishonest media\" is a lie, Trump's messages are designed to sow confusion, McMullin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, if citizens can't believe anything they hear, then the easiest path is to just trust the leader. And, Trump has said, \"I alone\" can fix the country's problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To McMullin, this is a hallmark of authoritarians. He points to Trump's false claim that millions of illegal votes prevented him from winning a popular-vote majority, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It serves to undermine our democratic institutions,\" McMullin said. \"If those institutions are weakened, if we have less faith, for example, in elections, that strengthens the hand of the authoritarian.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response of Trump's supporters to that critique hasn't been what you'd expect. Instead of insisting that Trump is telling the truth, Trump's surrogates, like his former campaign Manager Corey Lewandowski, said falsehoods are just part of Trump's leadership style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the problem with the media,\" Lewandowski said at a recent Harvard University forum. \"You guys took everything Donald Trump said so literally. And the problem with that is the American people didn't. They understood that sometimes when you have a conversation with people, you're going to say something, and maybe you don't have all the facts to back that up, but that's how the American people live.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lewandowski seems to be arguing that since the average American might not know what he's talking about, why should Trump?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Trump surrogates, like Scottie Nell Hughes, openly embrace Trump's role as the first president operating in a post-factual world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no such thing, unfortunately, anymore of facts,\" Hughes said recently on \u003cem>The Diane Rehm Show.\u003c/em> \"And so Mr. Trump's tweets, amongst a certain crowd, a large — a large part of the population, are truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The argument that Trump's repeated prevarications pose a threat to democratic institutions, and to American democracy itself, is rejected by former George W. Bush strategist Karl Rove. He dismissed it as nothing more than left-wing hyperventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is far-fetched, starting with the authoritarianism,\" Rove told NPR. \"Yes, there are Republicans concerned that he rambunctiously doesn't understand the restraints on the executive, that he doesn't understand the prerogatives under Article 1 that Congress enjoys — yeah. But the process is going to teach him those constraints — and reality is going to teach him those constraints.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Clinton White House aide Bill Galston agrees. He points to the checks and balances American founders designed to restrain any president who tries to chip away at rule of law, individual rights, a free press or an independent judiciary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the next few years will be a kind of stress test for the liberal, democratic constitutional institutions that we have built with such pain and such struggle over the last two-and-a-quarter centuries,\" Galston said. \"I am cautiously optimistic that our institutions will pass that test, but they will be tested.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what the conversation is like at the dawn of the age of Trump, where it's not yet clear what a Trump presidency will mean — for the economy, foreign policy or democratic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Donald+Trump%3A+Strong+Leader+Or+Dangerous+Authoritarian%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Beginning in 2017, United Airlines will offer cheaper airfares for budget-conscious travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Basic economy\" will be lower priced than regular fares, allowing United to compete head to head with discount airlines such as Spirit, Frontier and Allegient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's a trade-off for passengers who will be giving up some of the few remaining perks of air travel, like putting a carry-on suitcase in the overhead bin or getting an assigned seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a company-distributed video touting his airline's new low-fare tier, United CEO Oscar Munoz says that in addition to offering more lavish perks to higher spending business travelers, United needs to \"get the basics right for the price sensitive customer as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will not only be more flexible when it comes to price,\" Munoz says in the video, \"We'll also be more efficient operationally by foregoing pre-assigned seating, priority boarding, upgrading the option for last minute changes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds good, right? But here's the rub: With basic economy, you can't change flights or choose your seat, not even for a fee; there are no refunds, passengers will board last and the overhead bins for luggage will be off-limits. Passengers will be allowed only a personal item fitting underneath the seat. Anything bigger will have to be checked for a $25 fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a no-frills, bare-bones airfare, but that's fine with some travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/united/status/798511015436701697\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'd say that's attractive to people like me,\" says Kevin Verre, 27, who recently passed through the United terminal at Chicago's O'Hare airport. \"I don't really care too much about the flight. I'm just trying to get from A to B and if it's cheap, that's fine with me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verre says he doesn't fly very often and when he does, he just wants the lowest fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Holliday, 49, of Chicago, is a little more skeptical. \"Hopefully, it's not just a money-saving tactic but it will allow more people to fly, which I think is important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many others, especially frequent fliers, feel differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daphne Kenyon of Watertown, Massachusetts, says she's \"not interested\" in the basic economy fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She flies at least once a week and is willing to pay for some amenities, but she worries the trend of airlines nickel-and-diming for every little thing is getting out of hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The key thing is to have some basics because if people are too crowded and not treated with respect, or if you have to pay to use the bathroom or something, you know, there is a limit\" (to what customers will tolerate), Kenyon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she says the carry-on luggage restrictions are especially troubling. \"I think many people would have a hard time adjusting to not being able to bring anything of a reasonable size on board,\" Kenyon adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11216671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 657px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11216671\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg\" alt=\"United Airlines fare comparison chart.\" width=\"657\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg 657w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">United Airlines fare comparison chart. \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And that is a part of United's new fare structure that really strikes a nerve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics from travel blogs and Twitter to the U.S. Senate say the no-frills basic fare really amounts to charging extra to put luggage in the overhead bin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The overhead bin is one of the last sacred conveniences of air travel, and the fact that United Airlines — and potentially others — plan to take that convenience away unless you pay up is really troubling,\" said Sen. Charles Schumer (D-NY), a frequent critic of airline fees, in a press release last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What will airlines charge for next, seat cushions?\" asks a the travel blog, Booking Buddy. And a radio station in Iowa tweeted, \"How long before we have to pay for oxygen?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for United insists the airline is not charging a fee for carry-on bags — adding basic economy is just one new fare class that will give customers the lowest available price and it's not for everyone. Passengers wanting to put carry-ons in the overhead bin can still do so by purchasing the regular economy fare. What isn't yet known is if those standard economy fares will now go up because there is a lower fare option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line is that \"with the basic economy fare, you get some additional savings but you trade off a lot of control and convenience,\" says independent travel industry analyst Henry Harteveldt, founder of the Atmosphere Research Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will never be 1975 again,\" Harteveldt says. \"You should never expect to get steak meals or things like that in coach. I will tell you having worked for airlines where we have tried these different things, customers vote with their wallets, and they have said, where we have the chance to save money we will do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Airlines already has its own version of the basic economy fare, but without the carry-on restrictions. American Airlines is expected to add a basic fare next year, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means travelers on a tight budget have some new considerations to think about when booking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to ask yourself, how much do I really want to rough it on this trip,\" says DePaul University transportation professor Joe Schwieterman, who used to work in airline pricing and marketing at United.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ultra-low cost carriers, Spirit, Frontier and Allegient in the U.S. and RyanAir, Norwegian and Easy Jet in Europe, \"have been coming on like a storm,\" Schwieterman says. \"The big guys (United, Delta and American) are nervous. They know some people out there just want the lowest fare regardless of what the circumstances or the conditions are, and that's who United is taking aim at here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key to making it work will be making sure customers know what they are getting so there are no surprises with the lack of amenities, Harteveldt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Managing the customers' expectations, making sure they are aware of the restrictions associated with this fare will be paramount for United,\" Harteveldt says. \"And not just when they buy the fare, but during check-in and other times as well. Otherwise, there is a risk for a customer service problem and for this to cause harm to United's brand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=United%27s+%27Basic+Economy%27+Aims+To+Compete+With+Discount+Airlines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"I'd say that's attractive to people like me,\" says Kevin Verre, 27, who recently passed through the United terminal at Chicago's O'Hare airport. \"I don't really care too much about the flight. I'm just trying to get from A to B and if it's cheap, that's fine with me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verre says he doesn't fly very often and when he does, he just wants the lowest fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Holliday, 49, of Chicago, is a little more skeptical. \"Hopefully, it's not just a money-saving tactic but it will allow more people to fly, which I think is important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many others, especially frequent fliers, feel differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daphne Kenyon of Watertown, Massachusetts, says she's \"not interested\" in the basic economy fare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She flies at least once a week and is willing to pay for some amenities, but she worries the trend of airlines nickel-and-diming for every little thing is getting out of hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The key thing is to have some basics because if people are too crowded and not treated with respect, or if you have to pay to use the bathroom or something, you know, there is a limit\" (to what customers will tolerate), Kenyon says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she says the carry-on luggage restrictions are especially troubling. \"I think many people would have a hard time adjusting to not being able to bring anything of a reasonable size on board,\" Kenyon adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11216671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 657px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11216671\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg\" alt=\"United Airlines fare comparison chart.\" width=\"657\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782.jpg 657w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/united-basic-economy-graphic_wide-1b227905cbae6d78f0de03373b6b6d658f331782-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">United Airlines fare comparison chart. \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And that is a part of United's new fare structure that really strikes a nerve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics from travel blogs and Twitter to the U.S. Senate say the no-frills basic fare really amounts to charging extra to put luggage in the overhead bin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The overhead bin is one of the last sacred conveniences of air travel, and the fact that United Airlines — and potentially others — plan to take that convenience away unless you pay up is really troubling,\" said Sen. Charles Schumer (D-NY), a frequent critic of airline fees, in a press release last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What will airlines charge for next, seat cushions?\" asks a the travel blog, Booking Buddy. And a radio station in Iowa tweeted, \"How long before we have to pay for oxygen?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for United insists the airline is not charging a fee for carry-on bags — adding basic economy is just one new fare class that will give customers the lowest available price and it's not for everyone. Passengers wanting to put carry-ons in the overhead bin can still do so by purchasing the regular economy fare. What isn't yet known is if those standard economy fares will now go up because there is a lower fare option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line is that \"with the basic economy fare, you get some additional savings but you trade off a lot of control and convenience,\" says independent travel industry analyst Henry Harteveldt, founder of the Atmosphere Research Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will never be 1975 again,\" Harteveldt says. \"You should never expect to get steak meals or things like that in coach. I will tell you having worked for airlines where we have tried these different things, customers vote with their wallets, and they have said, where we have the chance to save money we will do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Airlines already has its own version of the basic economy fare, but without the carry-on restrictions. American Airlines is expected to add a basic fare next year, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means travelers on a tight budget have some new considerations to think about when booking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to ask yourself, how much do I really want to rough it on this trip,\" says DePaul University transportation professor Joe Schwieterman, who used to work in airline pricing and marketing at United.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ultra-low cost carriers, Spirit, Frontier and Allegient in the U.S. and RyanAir, Norwegian and Easy Jet in Europe, \"have been coming on like a storm,\" Schwieterman says. \"The big guys (United, Delta and American) are nervous. They know some people out there just want the lowest fare regardless of what the circumstances or the conditions are, and that's who United is taking aim at here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key to making it work will be making sure customers know what they are getting so there are no surprises with the lack of amenities, Harteveldt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Managing the customers' expectations, making sure they are aware of the restrictions associated with this fare will be paramount for United,\" Harteveldt says. \"And not just when they buy the fare, but during check-in and other times as well. Otherwise, there is a risk for a customer service problem and for this to cause harm to United's brand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=United%27s+%27Basic+Economy%27+Aims+To+Compete+With+Discount+Airlines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Claims 'Massive Landslide Victory'; and Now, Some Facts",
"title": "Trump Claims 'Massive Landslide Victory'; and Now, Some Facts",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump doesn't seem to like suggestions that his victory over Hillary Clinton was anything but HUGE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/27/503506026/trump-makes-unfounded-claim-that-millions-voted-illegally-for-clinton\">false claims\u003c/a> that Clinton's lead in the popular vote was due to illegal voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has chafed at recount efforts in states like Wisconsin, Michigan and Pennsylvania — even though such recounts pose no risk to Trump's victory since he won those states by tens of thousands of votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, with a CIA assessment that Russian hacking during the campaign was part of an effort to swing the election Trump's way, he's hitting back hard at the intelligence agency — and renewing claims that his win was of historic proportions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Claim\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a massive landslide victory, as you know, in the Electoral College. I guess the final numbers are now at 306,\" Trump said in\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/11/trump-claims-russian-interference-in-2016-race-ridiculous-dems-making-excuses.html%20\"> an interview on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em>.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A statement from his transition team on Friday in response to reports of the CIA assessment said, \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also said in his Fox interview, \"I think the Democrats are putting it out because they suffered one of the greatest defeats in the history of politics in this country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Short Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump contends that the size of his victory was historic, which is not borne out by the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump won 306 electoral votes to Clinton's 232. That comfortably puts him above the required 270 electoral votes. But it's hard to argue this represents a landslide of historic proportions, given that out of 58 presidential elections, the winner has received more electoral votes in 37 contests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's win is historic, but mainly because it was so unexpected. He was outpaced by Hillary Clinton on nearly every conventional metric applied to how a successful campaign is run. Trump was counted out by nearly every political professional, and most of the media. Even his own campaign allies were expecting a loss. So the voters delivered a truly historic upset on Election Day. By that measure, Trump's statement about \"one of the greatest defeats\" holds up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://apps.npr.org/elections16graphics/map-election-results-standalone/child.html?initialWidth=636&childId=responsive-embed-map-election-results-standalone-2slwr&parentTitle=President-elect%20Donald%20Trump%20Claims%20A%20'Massive%20Landslide%20Victory'%20That%20Doesn't%20Stack%20Up%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2016%2F12%2F11%2F505182622%2Ffact-check-trump-claims-a-massive-landslide-victory-but-history-differs\" width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"666px\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comparing Trump's 306 electoral votes to recent history, he falls between the 2000 and 2004 razor-thin margins of George W. Bush, and Barack Obama's victories in 2008 and 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>2000 — Bush 271, Gore 266\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2004 — Bush 286, Kerry 251\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2008 — Obama 365, McCain 173\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2012 — Obama 332, Romney 206\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2016 — Trump 306, Clinton 232\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>So on the historic score, Trump's margin is pretty average for recent elections, and way down the list if you go all the way back to the beginning of the nation. Jack Pitney, a professor of politics at Claremont McKenna College, recently \u003ca href=\"http://www.epicjourney2008.com/2016/11/trumps-victory-ranks-46-of-58-in.html\">calculated the Electoral College margins\u003c/a> in all 58 U.S. presidential elections, and showed Trump coming in 46th.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Separately, there's the question of whether Trump's victory is a \"landslide.\" President Obama is sometimes said to have achieved \"electoral landslides,\" but that is even stretching historical standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11216153\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11216153\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png\" alt=\"Trump currently trails Hillary Clinton by about 2.8 million votes. There have been five presidents who lost the popular vote, but won the Electoral College.\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw-160x102.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw-240x154.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trump currently trails Hillary Clinton by about 2.8 million votes. There have been five presidents who lost the popular vote, but won the Electoral College. \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Clear landslides came most recently in the 1980s. Ronald Reagan won 489 electoral votes to Jimmy Carter's 49 in the 1980 election. Four years later, Reagan won 49 states, delivering him a 525-to-13 victory of Walter Mondale. In 1988, George H.W. Bush succeeded Reagan with a total of 426 electoral votes to Michael Dukakis' 111.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of those Reagan and Bush victories came with an 8 to 9 percent margin in the popular vote, as icing on the cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be certain, Trump's win in the Electoral College is what matters. But his loss in the popular vote to Hillary Clinton is itself historic. At 2.8 million votes, Trump's deficit is by far the largest for any candidate who won the Electoral College and lost the popular vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Election results sourced from \u003ca href=\"http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/\">Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+Trump+Claims+A+%27Massive+Landslide+Victory%27+%E2%80%94+But+History+Differs&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President-elect pushing back on conclusion that Russia tried to help him win by claiming a historic margin of victory. His results don't stack up against history.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump doesn't seem to like suggestions that his victory over Hillary Clinton was anything but HUGE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/27/503506026/trump-makes-unfounded-claim-that-millions-voted-illegally-for-clinton\">false claims\u003c/a> that Clinton's lead in the popular vote was due to illegal voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has chafed at recount efforts in states like Wisconsin, Michigan and Pennsylvania — even though such recounts pose no risk to Trump's victory since he won those states by tens of thousands of votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, with a CIA assessment that Russian hacking during the campaign was part of an effort to swing the election Trump's way, he's hitting back hard at the intelligence agency — and renewing claims that his win was of historic proportions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Claim\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a massive landslide victory, as you know, in the Electoral College. I guess the final numbers are now at 306,\" Trump said in\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/11/trump-claims-russian-interference-in-2016-race-ridiculous-dems-making-excuses.html%20\"> an interview on \u003cem>Fox News Sunday\u003c/em>.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A statement from his transition team on Friday in response to reports of the CIA assessment said, \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also said in his Fox interview, \"I think the Democrats are putting it out because they suffered one of the greatest defeats in the history of politics in this country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Short Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump contends that the size of his victory was historic, which is not borne out by the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump won 306 electoral votes to Clinton's 232. That comfortably puts him above the required 270 electoral votes. But it's hard to argue this represents a landslide of historic proportions, given that out of 58 presidential elections, the winner has received more electoral votes in 37 contests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's win is historic, but mainly because it was so unexpected. He was outpaced by Hillary Clinton on nearly every conventional metric applied to how a successful campaign is run. Trump was counted out by nearly every political professional, and most of the media. Even his own campaign allies were expecting a loss. So the voters delivered a truly historic upset on Election Day. By that measure, Trump's statement about \"one of the greatest defeats\" holds up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://apps.npr.org/elections16graphics/map-election-results-standalone/child.html?initialWidth=636&childId=responsive-embed-map-election-results-standalone-2slwr&parentTitle=President-elect%20Donald%20Trump%20Claims%20A%20'Massive%20Landslide%20Victory'%20That%20Doesn't%20Stack%20Up%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2016%2F12%2F11%2F505182622%2Ffact-check-trump-claims-a-massive-landslide-victory-but-history-differs\" width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"666px\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comparing Trump's 306 electoral votes to recent history, he falls between the 2000 and 2004 razor-thin margins of George W. Bush, and Barack Obama's victories in 2008 and 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>2000 — Bush 271, Gore 266\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2004 — Bush 286, Kerry 251\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2008 — Obama 365, McCain 173\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2012 — Obama 332, Romney 206\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2016 — Trump 306, Clinton 232\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>So on the historic score, Trump's margin is pretty average for recent elections, and way down the list if you go all the way back to the beginning of the nation. Jack Pitney, a professor of politics at Claremont McKenna College, recently \u003ca href=\"http://www.epicjourney2008.com/2016/11/trumps-victory-ranks-46-of-58-in.html\">calculated the Electoral College margins\u003c/a> in all 58 U.S. presidential elections, and showed Trump coming in 46th.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Separately, there's the question of whether Trump's victory is a \"landslide.\" President Obama is sometimes said to have achieved \"electoral landslides,\" but that is even stretching historical standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11216153\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11216153\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png\" alt=\"Trump currently trails Hillary Clinton by about 2.8 million votes. There have been five presidents who lost the popular vote, but won the Electoral College.\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw.png 300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw-160x102.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/popcorw-240x154.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trump currently trails Hillary Clinton by about 2.8 million votes. There have been five presidents who lost the popular vote, but won the Electoral College. \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Clear landslides came most recently in the 1980s. Ronald Reagan won 489 electoral votes to Jimmy Carter's 49 in the 1980 election. Four years later, Reagan won 49 states, delivering him a 525-to-13 victory of Walter Mondale. In 1988, George H.W. Bush succeeded Reagan with a total of 426 electoral votes to Michael Dukakis' 111.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of those Reagan and Bush victories came with an 8 to 9 percent margin in the popular vote, as icing on the cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be certain, Trump's win in the Electoral College is what matters. But his loss in the popular vote to Hillary Clinton is itself historic. At 2.8 million votes, Trump's deficit is by far the largest for any candidate who won the Electoral College and lost the popular vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Election results sourced from \u003ca href=\"http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/\">Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+Trump+Claims+A+%27Massive+Landslide+Victory%27+%E2%80%94+But+History+Differs&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Donald Trump win the presidency, a U.S. official has confirmed to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before, there was confidence about the fact that Russia interfered,\" the official says. \"But there was low confidence on what the direction and intentionality of the interference was. Now they [the CIA] have come to the conclusion that Russia was trying to tip the election to Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official adds: \"The reason the assessment changed is that new information became available\" since Oct. 7, when the Department of Homeland Security and the director of national intelligence \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/07/497093001/u-s-accuses-russia-of-election-year-cyber-meddling\">released a joint statement\u003c/a> accusing Russia of interfering with the American election process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russiahack-745p%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.d21257cb6db2\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> first reported the CIA's new assessment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hacking into Democratic organizations, Russians hacked the Republican National Committee's computer systems, according to a separate report from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/09/us/obama-russia-election-hack.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">the New York Times\u003c/a> — but they did not release any information that might have been retrieved from Republican networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intelligence agencies have identified individuals with connections to the Russian government who provided WikiLeaks with thousands of hacked emails from the Democratic National Committee and others, including Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman, according to U.S. officials,\" the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> reports. \"Those officials described the individuals as actors known to the intelligence community and part of a wider Russian operation to boost Trump and hurt Clinton's chances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing anonymous officials briefed on the issue, the \u003cem>Post \u003c/em>says the CIA shared its findings with senators in a closed-door briefing last week, saying it was now \"quite clear\" that Russia's goal was to tip the presidency in Trump's favor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'It is the assessment of the intelligence community that Russia's goal here was to favor one candidate over the other, to help Trump get elected,' said a senior U.S. official briefed on an intelligence presentation made to U.S. senators. 'That's the consensus view.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In a previous assessment, CIA officials had thought Russians intervened with the intention of undermining Americans' electoral system, Adam Entous, one of the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> story's reporters, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/10/505079084/cia-reportedly-confident-russia-interfered-with-election-to-help-trump-win\">tells NPR's Scott Simon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday evening, the Trump transition team fired back with a statement dismissing the report of the agency's conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the same people that said Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction,\" the statement said. \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history. It's now time to move on and 'Make America Great Again.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Trump's percentage of the electoral vote in the 2016 election ranks 46th among presidential election winners in U.S. history, \u003ca href=\"http://www.factcheck.org/2016/11/trump-landslide-nope/\">according to factcheck.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's claim is a reference to the CIA's flawed intelligence on Iraq, in the runup to the U.S.-led invasion in 2003. The CIA and other spy agencies judged that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction — a judgment that proved to be false. While the leadership of the CIA has changed hands several times in the years since then, many intelligence officers and analysts who worked on the Iraq intelligence still serve at CIA and in other parts of the U.S. intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not Trump's top officials acknowledge the report as a possible threat, the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em>'s Adam Entous points out Trump will soon be in command of the intelligence agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sure they're going to declassify some elements of the report and I'm sure there will be leaks,\" he adds, but the Obama administration can't disclose the full details of the case, because it would be \"compromising what's known as 'sources and methods,' which would then make it harder for the CIA and the NSA and other spy agencies to get more information in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Friday, President Obama ordered the intelligence community \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/09/504971174/president-obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-2016-campaign\">to conduct a \"full review\"\u003c/a> of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, as we previously reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were 'confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.' The statement went on to say 'these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The U.S. official says that \"there is a determination to do something\" before the Obama administration leaves power. \"It's still being discussed exactly what to do. And as we've said before, some of it you may see and some of it you will not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Wyden, a Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, says the response from President-elect Donald Trump is \"very misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have strong evidence that a foreign power has interfered with the American election, with American institutions, then what you do is keep digging. You get all the facts out,\" Wyden says. \"You respond to the American people with the kind of information that they have a right to know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also advocates releasing more information on the cyberattacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe there is important information that the American people have a right to know. It ought to be declassified promptly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important that the American public knows what happened, not necessarily to re-litigate this election, but to look forward,\" says Sen. Angus King, an independent senator from Maine. \"What worries me is the extent to which this is an ongoing pattern — which, by the way, is the Russians' pattern in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And is that going to be the case in our elections? Four years from now, are we going to have the Democrats, the Republicans, the independents and the Russians?\" King asks. \"I mean, this is very serious stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CIA+Concludes+Russian+Interference+Aimed+To+Elect+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Intelligence sources say it's 'quite clear' Russian hackers worked to aid billionaire's bid, a contention the president-elect's camp rejects.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Donald Trump win the presidency, a U.S. official has confirmed to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before, there was confidence about the fact that Russia interfered,\" the official says. \"But there was low confidence on what the direction and intentionality of the interference was. Now they [the CIA] have come to the conclusion that Russia was trying to tip the election to Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official adds: \"The reason the assessment changed is that new information became available\" since Oct. 7, when the Department of Homeland Security and the director of national intelligence \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/07/497093001/u-s-accuses-russia-of-election-year-cyber-meddling\">released a joint statement\u003c/a> accusing Russia of interfering with the American election process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russiahack-745p%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.d21257cb6db2\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> first reported the CIA's new assessment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hacking into Democratic organizations, Russians hacked the Republican National Committee's computer systems, according to a separate report from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/09/us/obama-russia-election-hack.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">the New York Times\u003c/a> — but they did not release any information that might have been retrieved from Republican networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intelligence agencies have identified individuals with connections to the Russian government who provided WikiLeaks with thousands of hacked emails from the Democratic National Committee and others, including Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman, according to U.S. officials,\" the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> reports. \"Those officials described the individuals as actors known to the intelligence community and part of a wider Russian operation to boost Trump and hurt Clinton's chances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing anonymous officials briefed on the issue, the \u003cem>Post \u003c/em>says the CIA shared its findings with senators in a closed-door briefing last week, saying it was now \"quite clear\" that Russia's goal was to tip the presidency in Trump's favor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'It is the assessment of the intelligence community that Russia's goal here was to favor one candidate over the other, to help Trump get elected,' said a senior U.S. official briefed on an intelligence presentation made to U.S. senators. 'That's the consensus view.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In a previous assessment, CIA officials had thought Russians intervened with the intention of undermining Americans' electoral system, Adam Entous, one of the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> story's reporters, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/10/505079084/cia-reportedly-confident-russia-interfered-with-election-to-help-trump-win\">tells NPR's Scott Simon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday evening, the Trump transition team fired back with a statement dismissing the report of the agency's conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the same people that said Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction,\" the statement said. \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history. It's now time to move on and 'Make America Great Again.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Trump's percentage of the electoral vote in the 2016 election ranks 46th among presidential election winners in U.S. history, \u003ca href=\"http://www.factcheck.org/2016/11/trump-landslide-nope/\">according to factcheck.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's claim is a reference to the CIA's flawed intelligence on Iraq, in the runup to the U.S.-led invasion in 2003. The CIA and other spy agencies judged that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction — a judgment that proved to be false. While the leadership of the CIA has changed hands several times in the years since then, many intelligence officers and analysts who worked on the Iraq intelligence still serve at CIA and in other parts of the U.S. intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not Trump's top officials acknowledge the report as a possible threat, the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em>'s Adam Entous points out Trump will soon be in command of the intelligence agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sure they're going to declassify some elements of the report and I'm sure there will be leaks,\" he adds, but the Obama administration can't disclose the full details of the case, because it would be \"compromising what's known as 'sources and methods,' which would then make it harder for the CIA and the NSA and other spy agencies to get more information in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Friday, President Obama ordered the intelligence community \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/09/504971174/president-obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-2016-campaign\">to conduct a \"full review\"\u003c/a> of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, as we previously reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were 'confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.' The statement went on to say 'these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The U.S. official says that \"there is a determination to do something\" before the Obama administration leaves power. \"It's still being discussed exactly what to do. And as we've said before, some of it you may see and some of it you will not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Wyden, a Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, says the response from President-elect Donald Trump is \"very misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have strong evidence that a foreign power has interfered with the American election, with American institutions, then what you do is keep digging. You get all the facts out,\" Wyden says. \"You respond to the American people with the kind of information that they have a right to know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also advocates releasing more information on the cyberattacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe there is important information that the American people have a right to know. It ought to be declassified promptly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important that the American public knows what happened, not necessarily to re-litigate this election, but to look forward,\" says Sen. Angus King, an independent senator from Maine. \"What worries me is the extent to which this is an ongoing pattern — which, by the way, is the Russians' pattern in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And is that going to be the case in our elections? Four years from now, are we going to have the Democrats, the Republicans, the independents and the Russians?\" King asks. \"I mean, this is very serious stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CIA+Concludes+Russian+Interference+Aimed+To+Elect+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Obama has ordered the intelligence community to conduct a \"full review\" of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, the White House said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review will go all the way back to the 2008 campaign, when China was found to have \u003ca href=\"http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18807056-chinese-hacked-obama-mccain-campaigns-took-internal-documents-officials-say\">hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns\u003c/a>, White House spokesman Eric Schultz said at a Friday press briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were \"confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.\" The statement went on to say \"these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after that, WikiLeaks began posting emails hacked from Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta's Gmail account. The slow drip of those emails, including transcripts of Clinton's remarks to Goldman Sachs, hung over the campaign in its closing weeks and proved embarrassing at times. Podesta said he spoke to the FBI about the hacking, and intelligence experts blamed Russia for that as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in, have crossed into a new threshold,\" said Lisa Monaco, the White House Homeland Security adviser, at a breakfast Friday morning hosted by the \u003cem>Christian Science Monitor,\u003c/em> of the 2016 hacking. \"It is incumbent upon us to take stock of that, to review, to conduct some after-action, to understand what this means, what has happened and to impart those lessons learned. And that's what we're going to go about doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz said the review would look at \"all foreign actors and any attempt to interfere with our elections.\" He added, \"This isn't going to be a narrow dive; this is going to be a deep dive\" into this troubling pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted the White House will aim to release as much of the review as it can appropriately to the public and will also brief Congress and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This news comes as Republican members of Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/12/08/republicans-ready-to-launch-wide-ranging-probe-of-russia-despite-trumps-stance/?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russia-hack-715pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.52f5a8c995c5\" target=\"_blank\">are promising their own investigations\u003c/a> into Russian hacking around the election. But all of that would be in direct conflict with the view of President-elect Donald Trump, who, in a debate earlier this year, questioned whether Russia was even behind it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, it could be Russia, but it could also be China, could also be lots of other people,\" Trump said. \"It also could be somebody sitting on the bed that weighs 400 pounds, OK?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview with \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Trump went further, saying, \"I don't believe they interfered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz deflected when asked whether Obama had let Trump know he was ordering this review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review is due to be completed before Jan. 20, when Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Obama has ordered the intelligence community to conduct a \"full review\" of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, the White House said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review will go all the way back to the 2008 campaign, when China was found to have \u003ca href=\"http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18807056-chinese-hacked-obama-mccain-campaigns-took-internal-documents-officials-say\">hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns\u003c/a>, White House spokesman Eric Schultz said at a Friday press briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were \"confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.\" The statement went on to say \"these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after that, WikiLeaks began posting emails hacked from Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta's Gmail account. The slow drip of those emails, including transcripts of Clinton's remarks to Goldman Sachs, hung over the campaign in its closing weeks and proved embarrassing at times. Podesta said he spoke to the FBI about the hacking, and intelligence experts blamed Russia for that as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in, have crossed into a new threshold,\" said Lisa Monaco, the White House Homeland Security adviser, at a breakfast Friday morning hosted by the \u003cem>Christian Science Monitor,\u003c/em> of the 2016 hacking. \"It is incumbent upon us to take stock of that, to review, to conduct some after-action, to understand what this means, what has happened and to impart those lessons learned. And that's what we're going to go about doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz said the review would look at \"all foreign actors and any attempt to interfere with our elections.\" He added, \"This isn't going to be a narrow dive; this is going to be a deep dive\" into this troubling pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted the White House will aim to release as much of the review as it can appropriately to the public and will also brief Congress and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This news comes as Republican members of Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/12/08/republicans-ready-to-launch-wide-ranging-probe-of-russia-despite-trumps-stance/?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russia-hack-715pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.52f5a8c995c5\" target=\"_blank\">are promising their own investigations\u003c/a> into Russian hacking around the election. But all of that would be in direct conflict with the view of President-elect Donald Trump, who, in a debate earlier this year, questioned whether Russia was even behind it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, it could be Russia, but it could also be China, could also be lots of other people,\" Trump said. \"It also could be somebody sitting on the bed that weighs 400 pounds, OK?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview with \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Trump went further, saying, \"I don't believe they interfered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz deflected when asked whether Obama had let Trump know he was ordering this review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review is due to be completed before Jan. 20, when Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fake Or Real? How To Self-Check The News And Get The Facts",
"title": "Fake Or Real? How To Self-Check The News And Get The Facts",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Fake news stories can have real-life consequences. On Sunday, police said a man with a rifle who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">claimed to be \"self-investigating\"\u003c/a> a baseless online conspiracy theory entered a Washington, D.C., pizzeria and fired the weapon inside the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yes, fake news is a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These stories have gotten a lot of attention, with headlines claiming Pope Francis endorsed Donald Trump in November's election and sites like \u003ca href=\"http://americannews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">American News\u003c/a> sharing misleading stories or taking quotes out of context. And when sites like DC Gazette \u003ca href=\"http://thedcgazette.com/2016/person-investigating-clintons-dead/\">share stories\u003c/a> about people who allegedly investigated the Clinton family being found dead, the stories go viral and some people believe them. Again, these stories are not true in any way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stopping the proliferation of fake news isn't just the responsibility of the platforms used to spread it. Those who consume news also need to find ways of determining if what they're reading is true. We offer \u003ca href=\"#tips\">several tips\u003c/a> below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that people should have a fundamental sense of media literacy. And \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/upload/V3LessonPlans/Executive%20Summary%2011.21.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">based on a study\u003c/a> recently released by Stanford University researchers, many people don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\">Sam Wineburg,\u003c/a> a professor of education and history at Stanford and the lead author of the study, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/23/503129818/study-finds-students-have-dismaying-inability-to-tell-fake-news-from-real\" target=\"_blank\">a solution is for all readers\u003c/a> to read like fact-checkers. But how do fact-checkers do their job?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.poynter.org/author/alexios/\" target=\"_blank\">Alexios Mantzarlis,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/category/fact-checking/\">International Fact-Checking Network\u003c/a> at Poynter, says fact-checkers have a process for each claim they deal with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll isolate a claim that has something that can be objectively verified, you will seek the best primary sources in that topic. Find whether they match or refute or prove the claim being made, and then present with all limitations the data and what the data says about the claim being made,\" Mantzarlis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the framework for professionals, but there are ways for everyone to do a bit of fact-checking themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.merrimack.edu/live/profiles/586-melissa-mish-zimdars\" target=\"_blank\">Melissa Zimdars\u003c/a> is an assistant professor of communication and media at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. When she saw her students referencing questionable sources, she created and shared a document with them of how to think about sources, as well as a list of misleading, satirical and fake sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tips\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mantzarlis and Zimdars agreed there are a few best practices people can use when reading articles online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pay attention to the domain and URL\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look that you are probably familiar with. Sites with endings like .com.co should make you raise your eyebrows and tip you off that you need to dig around more to see if they can be trusted. This is true even when the site looks professional and has semi-recognizable logos. For example, \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com\u003c/a> is a legitimate news source, but \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.com.co/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com.co\u003c/a> is not, despite its similar appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read the \"About Us\" section\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most sites will have a lot of information about the news outlet, the company that runs it, members of leadership, and the mission and ethics statement behind an organization. The language used here is straightforward. If it's melodramatic and seems overblown, you should be skeptical. Also, you should be able to find out more information about the organization's leaders in places other than that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at the quotes in a story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or rather, look at the lack of quotes. Most publications have multiple sources in each story who are professionals and have expertise in the fields they talk about. If it's a serious or controversial issue, there are more likely to be quotes — and lots of them. Look for professors or other academics who can speak to the research they've done. And if they are talking about research, look up those studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at who said them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, see who said the quotes, and what they said. Are they a reputable source with a title that you can verify through a quick Google search? Say you're looking at a story and it says President Obama said he wanted to take everyone's guns away. And then there's a quote. Obama is an official who has almost everything he says recorded and archived. There are transcripts for pretty much any address or speech he has given. Google those quotes. See what the speech was about, who he was addressing and when it happened. Even if he did an exclusive interview with a publication, that same quote will be referenced in other stories, saying he said it while talking to the original publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check the comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of these fake and misleading stories are shared on social media platforms. Headlines are meant to get the reader's attention, but they're also supposed to accurately reflect what the story is about. Lately, that hasn't been the case. Headlines often will be written in exaggerated language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments on Facebook or Twitter. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reverse \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>image search\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A picture should be accurate in illustrating what the story is about. This often doesn't happen. If people who write these fake news stories don't even leave their homes or interview anyone for the stories, it's unlikely they take their own pictures. Do a little detective work and reverse search for the image on Google. You can do this by right-clicking on the image and choosing to search Google for it. If the image is appearing on a lot of stories about many different topics, there's a good chance it's not actually an image of what it says it was on the first story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tips are just a start at determining what type of news an article is. Zimdars outlined these and others \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10eA5-mCZLSS4MQY5QGb5ewC3VAL6pLkT53V_81ZyitM/edit\">in a guide for her students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do these steps, you're helping yourself and you're helping others by not increasing the circulation of these stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you won't be the only one trying to stop the spread of this false content. The company leaders behind the platforms these stories are shared on are trying to figure out how to fix the issue from their side, but they are also trying to make sure not to limit anyone's right to freedom of speech. It's a tricky position to be in, but they've said they'll try. In the end, it really does depend on taking responsibility and being an engaged consumer of news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's one last thing. Satirical publications exist and serve a purpose, but are clearly labeled as exaggerated and humorous by the writers and owners. Some of the more well-known ones like \u003ca href=\"http://www.theonion.com/\" target=\"_blank\">The Onion\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.clickhole.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ClickHole\u003c/a> use satire to talk about current events. If people don't understand that, they might share these articles after reading them in the literal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this happens or if you see your friends sharing blatantly fake news, be a friend and kindly tell them it's not real. Don't shy away from these conversations even if they might be uncomfortable. As said, everyone has to help fix the fake news problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wynne Davis is a Digital News intern.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fake news stories can have real-life consequences. On Sunday, police said a man with a rifle who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">claimed to be \"self-investigating\"\u003c/a> a baseless online conspiracy theory entered a Washington, D.C., pizzeria and fired the weapon inside the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yes, fake news is a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These stories have gotten a lot of attention, with headlines claiming Pope Francis endorsed Donald Trump in November's election and sites like \u003ca href=\"http://americannews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">American News\u003c/a> sharing misleading stories or taking quotes out of context. And when sites like DC Gazette \u003ca href=\"http://thedcgazette.com/2016/person-investigating-clintons-dead/\">share stories\u003c/a> about people who allegedly investigated the Clinton family being found dead, the stories go viral and some people believe them. Again, these stories are not true in any way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stopping the proliferation of fake news isn't just the responsibility of the platforms used to spread it. Those who consume news also need to find ways of determining if what they're reading is true. We offer \u003ca href=\"#tips\">several tips\u003c/a> below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that people should have a fundamental sense of media literacy. And \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/upload/V3LessonPlans/Executive%20Summary%2011.21.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">based on a study\u003c/a> recently released by Stanford University researchers, many people don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\">Sam Wineburg,\u003c/a> a professor of education and history at Stanford and the lead author of the study, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/23/503129818/study-finds-students-have-dismaying-inability-to-tell-fake-news-from-real\" target=\"_blank\">a solution is for all readers\u003c/a> to read like fact-checkers. But how do fact-checkers do their job?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.poynter.org/author/alexios/\" target=\"_blank\">Alexios Mantzarlis,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/category/fact-checking/\">International Fact-Checking Network\u003c/a> at Poynter, says fact-checkers have a process for each claim they deal with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll isolate a claim that has something that can be objectively verified, you will seek the best primary sources in that topic. Find whether they match or refute or prove the claim being made, and then present with all limitations the data and what the data says about the claim being made,\" Mantzarlis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the framework for professionals, but there are ways for everyone to do a bit of fact-checking themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.merrimack.edu/live/profiles/586-melissa-mish-zimdars\" target=\"_blank\">Melissa Zimdars\u003c/a> is an assistant professor of communication and media at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. When she saw her students referencing questionable sources, she created and shared a document with them of how to think about sources, as well as a list of misleading, satirical and fake sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tips\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mantzarlis and Zimdars agreed there are a few best practices people can use when reading articles online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pay attention to the domain and URL\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look that you are probably familiar with. Sites with endings like .com.co should make you raise your eyebrows and tip you off that you need to dig around more to see if they can be trusted. This is true even when the site looks professional and has semi-recognizable logos. For example, \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com\u003c/a> is a legitimate news source, but \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.com.co/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com.co\u003c/a> is not, despite its similar appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read the \"About Us\" section\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most sites will have a lot of information about the news outlet, the company that runs it, members of leadership, and the mission and ethics statement behind an organization. The language used here is straightforward. If it's melodramatic and seems overblown, you should be skeptical. Also, you should be able to find out more information about the organization's leaders in places other than that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at the quotes in a story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or rather, look at the lack of quotes. Most publications have multiple sources in each story who are professionals and have expertise in the fields they talk about. If it's a serious or controversial issue, there are more likely to be quotes — and lots of them. Look for professors or other academics who can speak to the research they've done. And if they are talking about research, look up those studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at who said them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, see who said the quotes, and what they said. Are they a reputable source with a title that you can verify through a quick Google search? Say you're looking at a story and it says President Obama said he wanted to take everyone's guns away. And then there's a quote. Obama is an official who has almost everything he says recorded and archived. There are transcripts for pretty much any address or speech he has given. Google those quotes. See what the speech was about, who he was addressing and when it happened. Even if he did an exclusive interview with a publication, that same quote will be referenced in other stories, saying he said it while talking to the original publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check the comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of these fake and misleading stories are shared on social media platforms. Headlines are meant to get the reader's attention, but they're also supposed to accurately reflect what the story is about. Lately, that hasn't been the case. Headlines often will be written in exaggerated language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments on Facebook or Twitter. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reverse \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>image search\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A picture should be accurate in illustrating what the story is about. This often doesn't happen. If people who write these fake news stories don't even leave their homes or interview anyone for the stories, it's unlikely they take their own pictures. Do a little detective work and reverse search for the image on Google. You can do this by right-clicking on the image and choosing to search Google for it. If the image is appearing on a lot of stories about many different topics, there's a good chance it's not actually an image of what it says it was on the first story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tips are just a start at determining what type of news an article is. Zimdars outlined these and others \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10eA5-mCZLSS4MQY5QGb5ewC3VAL6pLkT53V_81ZyitM/edit\">in a guide for her students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do these steps, you're helping yourself and you're helping others by not increasing the circulation of these stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you won't be the only one trying to stop the spread of this false content. The company leaders behind the platforms these stories are shared on are trying to figure out how to fix the issue from their side, but they are also trying to make sure not to limit anyone's right to freedom of speech. It's a tricky position to be in, but they've said they'll try. In the end, it really does depend on taking responsibility and being an engaged consumer of news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's one last thing. Satirical publications exist and serve a purpose, but are clearly labeled as exaggerated and humorous by the writers and owners. Some of the more well-known ones like \u003ca href=\"http://www.theonion.com/\" target=\"_blank\">The Onion\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.clickhole.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ClickHole\u003c/a> use satire to talk about current events. If people don't understand that, they might share these articles after reading them in the literal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this happens or if you see your friends sharing blatantly fake news, be a friend and kindly tell them it's not real. Don't shy away from these conversations even if they might be uncomfortable. As said, everyone has to help fix the fake news problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wynne Davis is a Digital News intern.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Army Corps of Engineers has decided to deny a permit for the construction of a key section of the Dakota Access Pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision essentially halts the construction on the 1,172-mile oil pipeline about half a mile south of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation. The decision is also a victory for the thousands of demonstrators across the country who flocked to North Dakota in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our prayers have been answered,\" National Congress of American Indians President Brian Cladoosby said in a statement. \"This isn't over, but it is enormously good news. All tribal peoples have prayed from the beginning for a peaceful solution, and this puts us back on track.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jo-Ellen Darcy, the Army's assistant secretary for civil works, said after talking with tribal officials and hearing their concerns that the pipeline could affect the drinking water, it became \"clear that there's more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The best way to complete that work responsibly and expeditiously is to explore alternate routes for the pipeline crossing,\" Darcy said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps says it intends to issue an environmental impact statement with \"full public input and analysis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the site of the protests, the news spread in excited whispers and statements of disbelief. Finally, one man at Camp Oceti Sakowin finally yelled it: \"The easement has been denied!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheers and whoops erupted from the crowd nearby and continued for hours, as different parts of the sprawling camp heard about the federal government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tom Shaving, of the Cheyenne River tribe, the news was exciting and a welcome relief. He has been camping in protest of the pipeline since August, watching his group of \"water protectors\" grow from dozens of people on the banks of the Cannon Ball River to a settlement of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Chairman Dave Archambault II said the tribe welcomed the decision, but he also sounded a note of caution, saying he hoped the incoming Donald Trump administration would \"respect this decision and understand the complex process that led us to this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archambault II went on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When it comes to infrastructure development in Indian Country and with respect to treaty lands, we must strive to work together to reach decisions that reflect the multifaceted considerations of tribes. Treaties are paramount law and must be respected, and we welcome dialogue on how to continue to honor that moving forward. We are not opposed to energy independence, economic development, or national security concerns but we must ensure that these decisions are made with the considerations of our Indigenous peoples.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tom Shaving shares Archambault's caution, and he fears that a President Trump could undo Sunday's announcement. Like many at the camp, he isn't planning to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to keep going,\" he says. \"We have to persevere. Trump's right next in line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Army Corps of Engineers has decided to deny a permit for the construction of a key section of the Dakota Access Pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision essentially halts the construction on the 1,172-mile oil pipeline about half a mile south of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation. The decision is also a victory for the thousands of demonstrators across the country who flocked to North Dakota in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our prayers have been answered,\" National Congress of American Indians President Brian Cladoosby said in a statement. \"This isn't over, but it is enormously good news. All tribal peoples have prayed from the beginning for a peaceful solution, and this puts us back on track.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jo-Ellen Darcy, the Army's assistant secretary for civil works, said after talking with tribal officials and hearing their concerns that the pipeline could affect the drinking water, it became \"clear that there's more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The best way to complete that work responsibly and expeditiously is to explore alternate routes for the pipeline crossing,\" Darcy said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps says it intends to issue an environmental impact statement with \"full public input and analysis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the site of the protests, the news spread in excited whispers and statements of disbelief. Finally, one man at Camp Oceti Sakowin finally yelled it: \"The easement has been denied!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheers and whoops erupted from the crowd nearby and continued for hours, as different parts of the sprawling camp heard about the federal government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tom Shaving, of the Cheyenne River tribe, the news was exciting and a welcome relief. He has been camping in protest of the pipeline since August, watching his group of \"water protectors\" grow from dozens of people on the banks of the Cannon Ball River to a settlement of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Chairman Dave Archambault II said the tribe welcomed the decision, but he also sounded a note of caution, saying he hoped the incoming Donald Trump administration would \"respect this decision and understand the complex process that led us to this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archambault II went on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When it comes to infrastructure development in Indian Country and with respect to treaty lands, we must strive to work together to reach decisions that reflect the multifaceted considerations of tribes. Treaties are paramount law and must be respected, and we welcome dialogue on how to continue to honor that moving forward. We are not opposed to energy independence, economic development, or national security concerns but we must ensure that these decisions are made with the considerations of our Indigenous peoples.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tom Shaving shares Archambault's caution, and he fears that a President Trump could undo Sunday's announcement. Like many at the camp, he isn't planning to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to keep going,\" he says. \"We have to persevere. Trump's right next in line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Bernardino Shooting's Signs Have Faded, But Memories Remain Piercing",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's been a year since Ray Britain lay on the floor of the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, feeling the vibrations of the gunshots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers that \"constant tremble,\" he says, the ringing in his ears, the shell casings — \"a rainbow of shell casings\" — flying from the gun, and the looks of shock on his co-workers' faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a year since Britain survived what was then considered the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks: Fourteen people killed and 22 wounded. But he can remember all of it like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The dreams keep a lot of it real,\" Britain says. \"There're certain things I wish I could just forget, but unfortunately, they just keep popping up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some people in San Bernardino and the greater Inland Empire, Dec. 2 will always be the day that established a new normal. For others, the change is less acute.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>One Year After San Bernardino Shooting, Family Remembers Loss\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the evening of Dec. 1, 2015, county worker Damian Meins was told to come to a meeting at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino. Twenty-four hours later, Meins' family would be told he was one of 14 people killed in the terrorist attack. Surviving family members Trenna, Tina and Tawnya remember him.[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The FBI hasn't released any new information about its investigation into the deceased shooters, Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, in months. The trial against Enrique Marquez Jr. — a friend of Farook's who is charged with buying some of the weapons that were used in the attack, among other things — doesn't start until September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, signs of the shooting have faded, too. The police tape is gone outside the Inland Regional Center, and on workdays the parking lot is full. Commuters drive by a makeshift memorial of fresh flowers and drooping signs, first put up in the hours and days after the shooting when people were still coming to terms with what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Qo6viDB8imRouANqkOePCoA1DWLw2NJ3\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Redlands at the apartment the two shooters left that December morning — armed with pipebombs, handguns, rifles and more than a thousand rounds of ammunition — there's a decorative flag by a new front door that says \"Happy Holidays.\" The two neighboring units fly American flags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We haven't forgotten it,\" says Casey Pace, pushing her kids in a stroller by the house. \"But we have to move on, I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'I hear his voice all of the time'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has proved difficult for a lot of people more closely connected to the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hear his voice all of the time,\" says Mandy Pifer, whose fiance, Shannon Johnson, was killed while shielding a co-worker with his body. \"Most of the time, it's telling me to stop being so ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pifer is a volunteer crisis counselor for the city of Los Angeles and says she's been working more and more since the tragedy. Helping others in their own moments of tragedy, she says, \"is really helping me heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504025469/504101037\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sally Cardinale, healing has come in fits and spurts. She hid in a bathroom stall with three other women during the attack on the holiday party, and says she still has trouble sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything I was thinking about when I was in that bathroom was, 'I'm going to die and my kids are going to get separated because they have separate fathers,' \" she says. \"I don't know what to do with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some days she feels good; other days, she can't get out of bed. \"It's an up-and-down all of the time,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some survivors feel betrayed, abandoned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's made more difficult by the fact that she feels like it's out of her control. Cardinale is part of a group of survivors accusing San Bernardino County of cutting off much-needed support for the survivors of the attack, including refusing to approve counseling or antidepressant medication. Others, who were physically wounded, Cardinale says, are fighting to get surgeries approved and physical therapy covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardinale says that the fight to get help has felt like a second trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a closed meeting with the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors earlier this week, survivors said they felt betrayed and abandoned, left to deal with California's complicated workers' compensation program without guidance or help. Their health insurers won't cover their injuries because they occurred in a workplace attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11201745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11201745 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015 in San Bernardino.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015, in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A county spokesman, David Wert, says in an email that workers' comp can be a tedious process, but insists that the county has been as responsive as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The county is, and always has been, committed to ensuring our employees get all the care they need,\" Wert wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A city in search of an identity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one aspect of the challenge facing the city of San Bernardino and its leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I used to tell people that my district was halfway between Los Angeles and Palm Springs,\" says Pete Aguilar, the U.S. representative for the district that includes San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he says, his hometown had been added to a list of cities that people just know for a terrible reason, like Littleton, Colorado, or Newtown, Connecticut. But Aguilar is defiant: \"We will not be defined by this tragedy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504100948/504100949\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino, by Aguilar's admission, is a work in progress. The city of 216,000 filed for bankruptcy in 2012 and still is facing steep economic problems. Murder and other crimes have spiked in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down a pot-holed street from the Inland Regional Center, resident Akia Ingram says people are leaving the city because there are few good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This used to be the place people would move to from L.A. or other places,\" she says. \"But now it's just really, really bad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingram watched as the hordes of television crews and police officers came and went last December following the attack, and says she couldn't help but feel angry that few thought to report on or address the city's other problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It don't get no attention,\" she says. \"Only thing that get attention is something big like that terrorist attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'We're a better community now'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have hope, though, that the attack still could help the city find its footing to address those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're a better community now, even though we're hurt,\" says Brian Levin, a criminal justice professor at California State University, San Bernardino, who studies hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks that followed the tragedy, Levin met with faith leaders, law enforcement and families of the victims, and he says he noticed a unity of shock and shared pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"FNF6XDDtLkJR3FGfzdJdsgT0qI2TMz3a\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other parts of the country were arguing about gun laws and immigration, and as hate crimes against Muslims rose, San Bernardino \"didn't have the luxury to be divisive,\" he says — something he still sees today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The attack] will always be a part of our history,\" Levin says. \"But here's the thing: so will the heroics of those police officers and first responders and medical staff, and so will the grace of the families. We're writing the rest of the history. The bastards lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "One year ago, a terrorist attack at a county office party in San Bernardino left 14 people dead and 22 injured. Survivors of the attack and members of the community say the attack still haunts them.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been a year since Ray Britain lay on the floor of the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, feeling the vibrations of the gunshots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers that \"constant tremble,\" he says, the ringing in his ears, the shell casings — \"a rainbow of shell casings\" — flying from the gun, and the looks of shock on his co-workers' faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a year since Britain survived what was then considered the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks: Fourteen people killed and 22 wounded. But he can remember all of it like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The dreams keep a lot of it real,\" Britain says. \"There're certain things I wish I could just forget, but unfortunately, they just keep popping up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some people in San Bernardino and the greater Inland Empire, Dec. 2 will always be the day that established a new normal. For others, the change is less acute.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>One Year After San Bernardino Shooting, Family Remembers Loss\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the evening of Dec. 1, 2015, county worker Damian Meins was told to come to a meeting at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino. Twenty-four hours later, Meins' family would be told he was one of 14 people killed in the terrorist attack. Surviving family members Trenna, Tina and Tawnya remember him.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The FBI hasn't released any new information about its investigation into the deceased shooters, Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, in months. The trial against Enrique Marquez Jr. — a friend of Farook's who is charged with buying some of the weapons that were used in the attack, among other things — doesn't start until September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, signs of the shooting have faded, too. The police tape is gone outside the Inland Regional Center, and on workdays the parking lot is full. Commuters drive by a makeshift memorial of fresh flowers and drooping signs, first put up in the hours and days after the shooting when people were still coming to terms with what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Redlands at the apartment the two shooters left that December morning — armed with pipebombs, handguns, rifles and more than a thousand rounds of ammunition — there's a decorative flag by a new front door that says \"Happy Holidays.\" The two neighboring units fly American flags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We haven't forgotten it,\" says Casey Pace, pushing her kids in a stroller by the house. \"But we have to move on, I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'I hear his voice all of the time'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has proved difficult for a lot of people more closely connected to the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hear his voice all of the time,\" says Mandy Pifer, whose fiance, Shannon Johnson, was killed while shielding a co-worker with his body. \"Most of the time, it's telling me to stop being so ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pifer is a volunteer crisis counselor for the city of Los Angeles and says she's been working more and more since the tragedy. Helping others in their own moments of tragedy, she says, \"is really helping me heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504025469/504101037\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sally Cardinale, healing has come in fits and spurts. She hid in a bathroom stall with three other women during the attack on the holiday party, and says she still has trouble sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything I was thinking about when I was in that bathroom was, 'I'm going to die and my kids are going to get separated because they have separate fathers,' \" she says. \"I don't know what to do with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some days she feels good; other days, she can't get out of bed. \"It's an up-and-down all of the time,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some survivors feel betrayed, abandoned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's made more difficult by the fact that she feels like it's out of her control. Cardinale is part of a group of survivors accusing San Bernardino County of cutting off much-needed support for the survivors of the attack, including refusing to approve counseling or antidepressant medication. Others, who were physically wounded, Cardinale says, are fighting to get surgeries approved and physical therapy covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardinale says that the fight to get help has felt like a second trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a closed meeting with the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors earlier this week, survivors said they felt betrayed and abandoned, left to deal with California's complicated workers' compensation program without guidance or help. Their health insurers won't cover their injuries because they occurred in a workplace attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11201745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11201745 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015 in San Bernardino.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015, in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A county spokesman, David Wert, says in an email that workers' comp can be a tedious process, but insists that the county has been as responsive as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The county is, and always has been, committed to ensuring our employees get all the care they need,\" Wert wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A city in search of an identity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one aspect of the challenge facing the city of San Bernardino and its leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I used to tell people that my district was halfway between Los Angeles and Palm Springs,\" says Pete Aguilar, the U.S. representative for the district that includes San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he says, his hometown had been added to a list of cities that people just know for a terrible reason, like Littleton, Colorado, or Newtown, Connecticut. But Aguilar is defiant: \"We will not be defined by this tragedy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504100948/504100949\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino, by Aguilar's admission, is a work in progress. The city of 216,000 filed for bankruptcy in 2012 and still is facing steep economic problems. Murder and other crimes have spiked in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down a pot-holed street from the Inland Regional Center, resident Akia Ingram says people are leaving the city because there are few good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This used to be the place people would move to from L.A. or other places,\" she says. \"But now it's just really, really bad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingram watched as the hordes of television crews and police officers came and went last December following the attack, and says she couldn't help but feel angry that few thought to report on or address the city's other problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It don't get no attention,\" she says. \"Only thing that get attention is something big like that terrorist attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'We're a better community now'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have hope, though, that the attack still could help the city find its footing to address those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're a better community now, even though we're hurt,\" says Brian Levin, a criminal justice professor at California State University, San Bernardino, who studies hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks that followed the tragedy, Levin met with faith leaders, law enforcement and families of the victims, and he says he noticed a unity of shock and shared pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other parts of the country were arguing about gun laws and immigration, and as hate crimes against Muslims rose, San Bernardino \"didn't have the luxury to be divisive,\" he says — something he still sees today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The attack] will always be a part of our history,\" Levin says. \"But here's the thing: so will the heroics of those police officers and first responders and medical staff, and so will the grace of the families. We're writing the rest of the history. The bastards lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Only 26 Percent of Americans Support Full Repeal of Obamacare, Poll Finds",
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"content": "\u003cp>Americans continue to be divided along partisan lines over Obamacare, with an overwhelming percentage of Democrats favoring it and an equal share of Republicans having unfavorable views, according to a newly released \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kaiser-health-tracking-poll-november-2016/\">Kaiser Family Foundation poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to an actual gutting of Obamacare, there doesn't appear to be a lot of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-fourth, or 26 percent, of Americans favor a full repeal of the health care law, while 17 percent say scale it back, according to the Kaiser poll. On the other hand, 30 percent favor expanding the law and another 19 percent want lawmakers to move forward with the law as it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll was conducted one week after the 2016 presidential election. In its aftermath, President-elect Donald Trump and Republican lawmakers have signaled their intention to follow through on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/09/501203831/trump-can-kill-obamacare-with-or-without-help-from-congress\">campaign promise\u003c/a> to repeal President Obama's landmark health care legislation. Republican lawmakers have voted to repeal Obamacare \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/06/462114338/lawmakers-in-the-house-will-try-again-in-2016-to-repeal-obamacare\">dozens of times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"aJbSOtPA5fOU63vB3lkch7PWeEmJ4AfN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Kaiser survey indicates that there's been a \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/some-gop-voters-skittish-on-full-repeal-poll-finds/\">decline\u003c/a> in the percentage of Republicans who want to see the law repealed just since October. In that month, 69 percent of GOPers said they favored repealing the entire law. A month later, once it was clear that the GOP would be in control of the health care debate, just 52 percent of Republicans said the law should be repealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in October, just 11 percent of Republicans said they wanted the law scaled back but not eliminated. In November, that percentage increased to 24 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll also indicates that among those who want to see Obamacare repealed, only a third don't want a replacement. Two-thirds want to see it replaced by a Republican alternative. There are reports that the GOP may seek an immediate repeal of the law and wait \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/gop-could-repeal-before-replacing-obamacare/2016/11/29/db6fd448-b667-11e6-939c-91749443c5e5_story.html\">years\u003c/a> before settling on a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the survey finds that some key provisions of Obamacare are very popular among Democrats and Republicans. For example, 85 percent favor keeping young adults on their parents' insurance plan until age 26. Sixty-nine percent like the prohibitions on insurance companies denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most unpopular feature of Obamacare? Only 35 percent favor the individual mandate requiring all people to sign up for health insurance or pay a fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As Republicans debate how to keep their promise to dismantle Obamacare, a Kaiser poll suggests that the law has strong support for some key provisions.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Americans continue to be divided along partisan lines over Obamacare, with an overwhelming percentage of Democrats favoring it and an equal share of Republicans having unfavorable views, according to a newly released \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kaiser-health-tracking-poll-november-2016/\">Kaiser Family Foundation poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to an actual gutting of Obamacare, there doesn't appear to be a lot of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-fourth, or 26 percent, of Americans favor a full repeal of the health care law, while 17 percent say scale it back, according to the Kaiser poll. On the other hand, 30 percent favor expanding the law and another 19 percent want lawmakers to move forward with the law as it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll was conducted one week after the 2016 presidential election. In its aftermath, President-elect Donald Trump and Republican lawmakers have signaled their intention to follow through on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/09/501203831/trump-can-kill-obamacare-with-or-without-help-from-congress\">campaign promise\u003c/a> to repeal President Obama's landmark health care legislation. Republican lawmakers have voted to repeal Obamacare \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/06/462114338/lawmakers-in-the-house-will-try-again-in-2016-to-repeal-obamacare\">dozens of times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Kaiser survey indicates that there's been a \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/some-gop-voters-skittish-on-full-repeal-poll-finds/\">decline\u003c/a> in the percentage of Republicans who want to see the law repealed just since October. In that month, 69 percent of GOPers said they favored repealing the entire law. A month later, once it was clear that the GOP would be in control of the health care debate, just 52 percent of Republicans said the law should be repealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in October, just 11 percent of Republicans said they wanted the law scaled back but not eliminated. In November, that percentage increased to 24 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll also indicates that among those who want to see Obamacare repealed, only a third don't want a replacement. Two-thirds want to see it replaced by a Republican alternative. There are reports that the GOP may seek an immediate repeal of the law and wait \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/gop-could-repeal-before-replacing-obamacare/2016/11/29/db6fd448-b667-11e6-939c-91749443c5e5_story.html\">years\u003c/a> before settling on a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the survey finds that some key provisions of Obamacare are very popular among Democrats and Republicans. For example, 85 percent favor keeping young adults on their parents' insurance plan until age 26. Sixty-nine percent like the prohibitions on insurance companies denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most unpopular feature of Obamacare? Only 35 percent favor the individual mandate requiring all people to sign up for health insurance or pay a fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Uber Now Tracks Passengers' Locations Even After They're Dropped Off",
"title": "Uber Now Tracks Passengers' Locations Even After They're Dropped Off",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Uber's latest update allows the ride-hailing app to \u003ca href=\"https://help.uber.com/h/ba9dd342-158d-421f-a9ea-0e6c7aaad726\" target=\"_blank\">track user location data\u003c/a> even when the application is running in the background. The change in location data gathering is quite apparent — after the update is completed, Uber prompts users to accept the new policy by enabling their phones to make the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Uber collected data from the user only if the rider had the application open. Now, if a rider calls for an Uber and closes the app, Uber says it will continue to collect location data up until five minutes after the ride ends. That means Uber can see where you end up after you leave the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So your secret rendezvous may not be so secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber now will be focused on collecting rider data, rather than just driver and trip data. \"We do this to improve pickups, drop-offs, customer service, and to enhance safety,\" Uber says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber hopes to eliminate the most frustrating part of the experience: the game of phone tag that both the rider and driver play when trying to coordinate the pickup spot. By collecting location data when the ride is called, Uber can use the information gathered to gain a better sense of locations at large venues. Hopefully this will lead to less confusion when dropping a pin, or maybe it will improve the chance that users will be picked up on the correct side of the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11200403\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11200403\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Uber iOS notification.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68.jpg 899w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Uber iOS notification. \u003ccite>(Uber/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The update raises worries for privacy advocates. The \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/2016/12/uber-expands-data-collection-t.html\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> previously filed a \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/privacy/internet/ftc/uber/Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Federal Trade Commission over Uber's plans to collect more user data. \"The FTC failed to act and Uber is now tracking users non-stop,\" EPIC says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Al Franken of Minnesota, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/12/26/373087290/as-uber-expands-it-asks-cities-for-forgivness-instead-of-permission\" target=\"_blank\">who expressed disappointment\u003c/a> with Uber previously, told NPR in a statement that the update \"raises questions\" that the app is requiring users to \"grant permission to track their location at all times.\" Franken said he plans to look at the issue further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this update could be causing a stir is the change in privacy settings necessary to use the Uber app. iOS users' location-sharing choices changed from \"Never\" share location and share location \"While Using the App\" to \"Never\" and \"Always.\" The \"Always\" setting implies that Uber could access riders' locations when they are not on rides. However, Uber says on its site that location data will be collected only from the inception of the ride through five minutes after the end of the trip. iOS and Android users can choose the \"Never\" option, which will require riders to manually enter pickup information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has previously faced issues with location information collection. In January, Uber paid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/johanabhuiyan/uber-settles-godview?utm_term=.sedGNPrmxY#.cwyPV0AXNM\" target=\"_blank\">$20,000 fine\u003c/a> in New York following an investigation into the company's \"God View\" tool. The tool allowed employees to view and track individual riders in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Laura Roman is the social media intern at NPR.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Its latest update prompts users to allow Uber access to their location, even when the app isn't in use. Uber says it will improve service and safety -- but the move raises worries for privacy advocates.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Uber's latest update allows the ride-hailing app to \u003ca href=\"https://help.uber.com/h/ba9dd342-158d-421f-a9ea-0e6c7aaad726\" target=\"_blank\">track user location data\u003c/a> even when the application is running in the background. The change in location data gathering is quite apparent — after the update is completed, Uber prompts users to accept the new policy by enabling their phones to make the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Uber collected data from the user only if the rider had the application open. Now, if a rider calls for an Uber and closes the app, Uber says it will continue to collect location data up until five minutes after the ride ends. That means Uber can see where you end up after you leave the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So your secret rendezvous may not be so secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber now will be focused on collecting rider data, rather than just driver and trip data. \"We do this to improve pickups, drop-offs, customer service, and to enhance safety,\" Uber says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber hopes to eliminate the most frustrating part of the experience: the game of phone tag that both the rider and driver play when trying to coordinate the pickup spot. By collecting location data when the ride is called, Uber can use the information gathered to gain a better sense of locations at large venues. Hopefully this will lead to less confusion when dropping a pin, or maybe it will improve the chance that users will be picked up on the correct side of the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11200403\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11200403\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Uber iOS notification.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68.jpg 899w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Uber iOS notification. \u003ccite>(Uber/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The update raises worries for privacy advocates. The \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/2016/12/uber-expands-data-collection-t.html\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> previously filed a \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/privacy/internet/ftc/uber/Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Federal Trade Commission over Uber's plans to collect more user data. \"The FTC failed to act and Uber is now tracking users non-stop,\" EPIC says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Princess Cruise Lines will pay a $40 million fine for \"deliberate pollution of the seas and intentional acts to cover it up,\" according to the Department of Justice, which calls it \"the largest-ever criminal penalty involving deliberate vessel pollution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-based cruise operator also agreed to plead guilty to seven felony charges over illegal practices on five ships dating back, in at least one case, to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said in a statement that Princess illegally dumped contaminated waste and oil from its Caribbean Princess ship for eight years — a practice that was exposed by a whistleblowing engineer in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineer quit his job over the dumping when the ship docked in the U.K. and alerted British authorities, who notified the U.S. Coast Guard. He said other engineers were using a device called a \"magic pipe\" to bypass the ship's water treatment system and unload oily waste into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, other engineers attempted to hide the evidence of illegal dumping before British investigators could board the ship, according to the Justice Department. The statement read: \"The chief engineer and senior first engineer ordered a cover-up, including removal of the magic pipe and directing subordinates to lie.\" This continued during a subsequent investigation led by the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said the deliberate pollution was likely an attempt to cut costs: \"The chief engineer that ordered the dumping off the coast of England told subordinate engineers that it cost too much to properly offload the waste in ports and that the shore-side superintendent who he reported to would not want to pay the expense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the illegal waste dumping from the Caribbean Princess, the Department of Justice says it uncovered illegal practices on four other Princess ships:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\"One practice was to open a salt water valve when bilge waste was being processed by the oily water separator and oil content monitor. The purpose was to prevent the oil content monitor from otherwise alarming and stopping the overboard discharge.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\"The second practice involved discharges of oily bilge water originating from the overflow of graywater tanks into the machinery space bilges. This waste was pumped back into the graywater system rather than being processed as oily bilge waste.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some discharges likely took place within U.S. waters, the Justice Department says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pollution in this case was the result of more than just bad actors on one ship,\" Assistant Attorney General John C. Cruden says. \"It reflects very poorly on Princess's culture and management.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, Princess Cruises says it is \"extremely disappointed about the inexcusable actions of our employees.\" It says it launched an internal investigation in 2013. And \"although we had policies and procedures in place, it became apparent they were not fully effective,\" the statement reads. \"We are very sorry that this happened and have taken additional steps to ensure we meet or exceed all environmental requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Princess Cruises is a subsidiary of Miami-based Carnival Corp., and the plea agreement requires ships from eight of Carnival's companies to submit to court-supervised monitoring of environmental compliance for the next five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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