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"content": "\u003cp>The CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Donald Trump win the presidency, a U.S. official has confirmed to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before, there was confidence about the fact that Russia interfered,\" the official says. \"But there was low confidence on what the direction and intentionality of the interference was. Now they [the CIA] have come to the conclusion that Russia was trying to tip the election to Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official adds: \"The reason the assessment changed is that new information became available\" since Oct. 7, when the Department of Homeland Security and the director of national intelligence \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/07/497093001/u-s-accuses-russia-of-election-year-cyber-meddling\">released a joint statement\u003c/a> accusing Russia of interfering with the American election process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russiahack-745p%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.d21257cb6db2\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> first reported the CIA's new assessment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hacking into Democratic organizations, Russians hacked the Republican National Committee's computer systems, according to a separate report from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/09/us/obama-russia-election-hack.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">the New York Times\u003c/a> — but they did not release any information that might have been retrieved from Republican networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intelligence agencies have identified individuals with connections to the Russian government who provided WikiLeaks with thousands of hacked emails from the Democratic National Committee and others, including Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman, according to U.S. officials,\" the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> reports. \"Those officials described the individuals as actors known to the intelligence community and part of a wider Russian operation to boost Trump and hurt Clinton's chances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing anonymous officials briefed on the issue, the \u003cem>Post \u003c/em>says the CIA shared its findings with senators in a closed-door briefing last week, saying it was now \"quite clear\" that Russia's goal was to tip the presidency in Trump's favor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'It is the assessment of the intelligence community that Russia's goal here was to favor one candidate over the other, to help Trump get elected,' said a senior U.S. official briefed on an intelligence presentation made to U.S. senators. 'That's the consensus view.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In a previous assessment, CIA officials had thought Russians intervened with the intention of undermining Americans' electoral system, Adam Entous, one of the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> story's reporters, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/10/505079084/cia-reportedly-confident-russia-interfered-with-election-to-help-trump-win\">tells NPR's Scott Simon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday evening, the Trump transition team fired back with a statement dismissing the report of the agency's conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the same people that said Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction,\" the statement said. \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history. It's now time to move on and 'Make America Great Again.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Trump's percentage of the electoral vote in the 2016 election ranks 46th among presidential election winners in U.S. history, \u003ca href=\"http://www.factcheck.org/2016/11/trump-landslide-nope/\">according to factcheck.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's claim is a reference to the CIA's flawed intelligence on Iraq, in the runup to the U.S.-led invasion in 2003. The CIA and other spy agencies judged that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction — a judgment that proved to be false. While the leadership of the CIA has changed hands several times in the years since then, many intelligence officers and analysts who worked on the Iraq intelligence still serve at CIA and in other parts of the U.S. intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not Trump's top officials acknowledge the report as a possible threat, the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em>'s Adam Entous points out Trump will soon be in command of the intelligence agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sure they're going to declassify some elements of the report and I'm sure there will be leaks,\" he adds, but the Obama administration can't disclose the full details of the case, because it would be \"compromising what's known as 'sources and methods,' which would then make it harder for the CIA and the NSA and other spy agencies to get more information in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Friday, President Obama ordered the intelligence community \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/09/504971174/president-obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-2016-campaign\">to conduct a \"full review\"\u003c/a> of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, as we previously reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were 'confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.' The statement went on to say 'these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The U.S. official says that \"there is a determination to do something\" before the Obama administration leaves power. \"It's still being discussed exactly what to do. And as we've said before, some of it you may see and some of it you will not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Wyden, a Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, says the response from President-elect Donald Trump is \"very misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have strong evidence that a foreign power has interfered with the American election, with American institutions, then what you do is keep digging. You get all the facts out,\" Wyden says. \"You respond to the American people with the kind of information that they have a right to know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also advocates releasing more information on the cyberattacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe there is important information that the American people have a right to know. It ought to be declassified promptly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important that the American public knows what happened, not necessarily to re-litigate this election, but to look forward,\" says Sen. Angus King, an independent senator from Maine. \"What worries me is the extent to which this is an ongoing pattern — which, by the way, is the Russians' pattern in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And is that going to be the case in our elections? Four years from now, are we going to have the Democrats, the Republicans, the independents and the Russians?\" King asks. \"I mean, this is very serious stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CIA+Concludes+Russian+Interference+Aimed+To+Elect+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The CIA has concluded that Russia intervened in the 2016 election specifically to help Donald Trump win the presidency, a U.S. official has confirmed to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before, there was confidence about the fact that Russia interfered,\" the official says. \"But there was low confidence on what the direction and intentionality of the interference was. Now they [the CIA] have come to the conclusion that Russia was trying to tip the election to Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official adds: \"The reason the assessment changed is that new information became available\" since Oct. 7, when the Department of Homeland Security and the director of national intelligence \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/07/497093001/u-s-accuses-russia-of-election-year-cyber-meddling\">released a joint statement\u003c/a> accusing Russia of interfering with the American election process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russiahack-745p%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.d21257cb6db2\">The Washington Post\u003c/a> first reported the CIA's new assessment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to hacking into Democratic organizations, Russians hacked the Republican National Committee's computer systems, according to a separate report from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/09/us/obama-russia-election-hack.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">the New York Times\u003c/a> — but they did not release any information that might have been retrieved from Republican networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intelligence agencies have identified individuals with connections to the Russian government who provided WikiLeaks with thousands of hacked emails from the Democratic National Committee and others, including Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman, according to U.S. officials,\" the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> reports. \"Those officials described the individuals as actors known to the intelligence community and part of a wider Russian operation to boost Trump and hurt Clinton's chances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing anonymous officials briefed on the issue, the \u003cem>Post \u003c/em>says the CIA shared its findings with senators in a closed-door briefing last week, saying it was now \"quite clear\" that Russia's goal was to tip the presidency in Trump's favor:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'It is the assessment of the intelligence community that Russia's goal here was to favor one candidate over the other, to help Trump get elected,' said a senior U.S. official briefed on an intelligence presentation made to U.S. senators. 'That's the consensus view.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In a previous assessment, CIA officials had thought Russians intervened with the intention of undermining Americans' electoral system, Adam Entous, one of the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> story's reporters, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/10/505079084/cia-reportedly-confident-russia-interfered-with-election-to-help-trump-win\">tells NPR's Scott Simon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday evening, the Trump transition team fired back with a statement dismissing the report of the agency's conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the same people that said Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction,\" the statement said. \"The election ended a long time ago in one of the biggest Electoral College victories in history. It's now time to move on and 'Make America Great Again.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Trump's percentage of the electoral vote in the 2016 election ranks 46th among presidential election winners in U.S. history, \u003ca href=\"http://www.factcheck.org/2016/11/trump-landslide-nope/\">according to factcheck.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's claim is a reference to the CIA's flawed intelligence on Iraq, in the runup to the U.S.-led invasion in 2003. The CIA and other spy agencies judged that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction — a judgment that proved to be false. While the leadership of the CIA has changed hands several times in the years since then, many intelligence officers and analysts who worked on the Iraq intelligence still serve at CIA and in other parts of the U.S. intelligence community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not Trump's top officials acknowledge the report as a possible threat, the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em>'s Adam Entous points out Trump will soon be in command of the intelligence agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sure they're going to declassify some elements of the report and I'm sure there will be leaks,\" he adds, but the Obama administration can't disclose the full details of the case, because it would be \"compromising what's known as 'sources and methods,' which would then make it harder for the CIA and the NSA and other spy agencies to get more information in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Friday, President Obama ordered the intelligence community \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/09/504971174/president-obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-2016-campaign\">to conduct a \"full review\"\u003c/a> of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, as we previously reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were 'confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.' The statement went on to say 'these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The U.S. official says that \"there is a determination to do something\" before the Obama administration leaves power. \"It's still being discussed exactly what to do. And as we've said before, some of it you may see and some of it you will not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Wyden, a Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, says the response from President-elect Donald Trump is \"very misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you have strong evidence that a foreign power has interfered with the American election, with American institutions, then what you do is keep digging. You get all the facts out,\" Wyden says. \"You respond to the American people with the kind of information that they have a right to know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also advocates releasing more information on the cyberattacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe there is important information that the American people have a right to know. It ought to be declassified promptly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important that the American public knows what happened, not necessarily to re-litigate this election, but to look forward,\" says Sen. Angus King, an independent senator from Maine. \"What worries me is the extent to which this is an ongoing pattern — which, by the way, is the Russians' pattern in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And is that going to be the case in our elections? Four years from now, are we going to have the Democrats, the Republicans, the independents and the Russians?\" King asks. \"I mean, this is very serious stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=CIA+Concludes+Russian+Interference+Aimed+To+Elect+Trump&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Obama has ordered the intelligence community to conduct a \"full review\" of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, the White House said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review will go all the way back to the 2008 campaign, when China was found to have \u003ca href=\"http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18807056-chinese-hacked-obama-mccain-campaigns-took-internal-documents-officials-say\">hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns\u003c/a>, White House spokesman Eric Schultz said at a Friday press briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were \"confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.\" The statement went on to say \"these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after that, WikiLeaks began posting emails hacked from Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta's Gmail account. The slow drip of those emails, including transcripts of Clinton's remarks to Goldman Sachs, hung over the campaign in its closing weeks and proved embarrassing at times. Podesta said he spoke to the FBI about the hacking, and intelligence experts blamed Russia for that as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in, have crossed into a new threshold,\" said Lisa Monaco, the White House Homeland Security adviser, at a breakfast Friday morning hosted by the \u003cem>Christian Science Monitor,\u003c/em> of the 2016 hacking. \"It is incumbent upon us to take stock of that, to review, to conduct some after-action, to understand what this means, what has happened and to impart those lessons learned. And that's what we're going to go about doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz said the review would look at \"all foreign actors and any attempt to interfere with our elections.\" He added, \"This isn't going to be a narrow dive; this is going to be a deep dive\" into this troubling pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted the White House will aim to release as much of the review as it can appropriately to the public and will also brief Congress and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This news comes as Republican members of Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/12/08/republicans-ready-to-launch-wide-ranging-probe-of-russia-despite-trumps-stance/?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russia-hack-715pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.52f5a8c995c5\" target=\"_blank\">are promising their own investigations\u003c/a> into Russian hacking around the election. But all of that would be in direct conflict with the view of President-elect Donald Trump, who, in a debate earlier this year, questioned whether Russia was even behind it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, it could be Russia, but it could also be China, could also be lots of other people,\" Trump said. \"It also could be somebody sitting on the bed that weighs 400 pounds, OK?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview with \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Trump went further, saying, \"I don't believe they interfered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz deflected when asked whether Obama had let Trump know he was ordering this review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review is due to be completed before Jan. 20, when Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Obama has ordered the intelligence community to conduct a \"full review\" of \"malicious cyber activity\" timed to U.S. elections, the White House said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review will go all the way back to the 2008 campaign, when China was found to have \u003ca href=\"http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18807056-chinese-hacked-obama-mccain-campaigns-took-internal-documents-officials-say\">hacked both the Obama and McCain campaigns\u003c/a>, White House spokesman Eric Schultz said at a Friday press briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2016 election, U.S. intelligence officials charged that Russia had interfered. In early October, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/10/07/joint-statement-department-homeland-security-and-office-director-national\" target=\"_blank\">released a strongly worded statement\u003c/a> saying they were \"confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.\" The statement went on to say \"these thefts and disclosures are intended to interfere with the U.S. election process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after that, WikiLeaks began posting emails hacked from Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta's Gmail account. The slow drip of those emails, including transcripts of Clinton's remarks to Goldman Sachs, hung over the campaign in its closing weeks and proved embarrassing at times. Podesta said he spoke to the FBI about the hacking, and intelligence experts blamed Russia for that as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in, have crossed into a new threshold,\" said Lisa Monaco, the White House Homeland Security adviser, at a breakfast Friday morning hosted by the \u003cem>Christian Science Monitor,\u003c/em> of the 2016 hacking. \"It is incumbent upon us to take stock of that, to review, to conduct some after-action, to understand what this means, what has happened and to impart those lessons learned. And that's what we're going to go about doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz said the review would look at \"all foreign actors and any attempt to interfere with our elections.\" He added, \"This isn't going to be a narrow dive; this is going to be a deep dive\" into this troubling pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted the White House will aim to release as much of the review as it can appropriately to the public and will also brief Congress and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This news comes as Republican members of Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/12/08/republicans-ready-to-launch-wide-ranging-probe-of-russia-despite-trumps-stance/?hpid=hp_rhp-top-table-main_russia-hack-715pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.52f5a8c995c5\" target=\"_blank\">are promising their own investigations\u003c/a> into Russian hacking around the election. But all of that would be in direct conflict with the view of President-elect Donald Trump, who, in a debate earlier this year, questioned whether Russia was even behind it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, it could be Russia, but it could also be China, could also be lots of other people,\" Trump said. \"It also could be somebody sitting on the bed that weighs 400 pounds, OK?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent interview with \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Trump went further, saying, \"I don't believe they interfered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schultz deflected when asked whether Obama had let Trump know he was ordering this review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review is due to be completed before Jan. 20, when Trump takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fake Or Real? How To Self-Check The News And Get The Facts",
"title": "Fake Or Real? How To Self-Check The News And Get The Facts",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Fake news stories can have real-life consequences. On Sunday, police said a man with a rifle who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">claimed to be \"self-investigating\"\u003c/a> a baseless online conspiracy theory entered a Washington, D.C., pizzeria and fired the weapon inside the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yes, fake news is a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These stories have gotten a lot of attention, with headlines claiming Pope Francis endorsed Donald Trump in November's election and sites like \u003ca href=\"http://americannews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">American News\u003c/a> sharing misleading stories or taking quotes out of context. And when sites like DC Gazette \u003ca href=\"http://thedcgazette.com/2016/person-investigating-clintons-dead/\">share stories\u003c/a> about people who allegedly investigated the Clinton family being found dead, the stories go viral and some people believe them. Again, these stories are not true in any way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stopping the proliferation of fake news isn't just the responsibility of the platforms used to spread it. Those who consume news also need to find ways of determining if what they're reading is true. We offer \u003ca href=\"#tips\">several tips\u003c/a> below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that people should have a fundamental sense of media literacy. And \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/upload/V3LessonPlans/Executive%20Summary%2011.21.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">based on a study\u003c/a> recently released by Stanford University researchers, many people don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\">Sam Wineburg,\u003c/a> a professor of education and history at Stanford and the lead author of the study, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/23/503129818/study-finds-students-have-dismaying-inability-to-tell-fake-news-from-real\" target=\"_blank\">a solution is for all readers\u003c/a> to read like fact-checkers. But how do fact-checkers do their job?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.poynter.org/author/alexios/\" target=\"_blank\">Alexios Mantzarlis,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/category/fact-checking/\">International Fact-Checking Network\u003c/a> at Poynter, says fact-checkers have a process for each claim they deal with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll isolate a claim that has something that can be objectively verified, you will seek the best primary sources in that topic. Find whether they match or refute or prove the claim being made, and then present with all limitations the data and what the data says about the claim being made,\" Mantzarlis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the framework for professionals, but there are ways for everyone to do a bit of fact-checking themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.merrimack.edu/live/profiles/586-melissa-mish-zimdars\" target=\"_blank\">Melissa Zimdars\u003c/a> is an assistant professor of communication and media at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. When she saw her students referencing questionable sources, she created and shared a document with them of how to think about sources, as well as a list of misleading, satirical and fake sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tips\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mantzarlis and Zimdars agreed there are a few best practices people can use when reading articles online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pay attention to the domain and URL\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look that you are probably familiar with. Sites with endings like .com.co should make you raise your eyebrows and tip you off that you need to dig around more to see if they can be trusted. This is true even when the site looks professional and has semi-recognizable logos. For example, \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com\u003c/a> is a legitimate news source, but \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.com.co/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com.co\u003c/a> is not, despite its similar appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read the \"About Us\" section\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most sites will have a lot of information about the news outlet, the company that runs it, members of leadership, and the mission and ethics statement behind an organization. The language used here is straightforward. If it's melodramatic and seems overblown, you should be skeptical. Also, you should be able to find out more information about the organization's leaders in places other than that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at the quotes in a story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or rather, look at the lack of quotes. Most publications have multiple sources in each story who are professionals and have expertise in the fields they talk about. If it's a serious or controversial issue, there are more likely to be quotes — and lots of them. Look for professors or other academics who can speak to the research they've done. And if they are talking about research, look up those studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at who said them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, see who said the quotes, and what they said. Are they a reputable source with a title that you can verify through a quick Google search? Say you're looking at a story and it says President Obama said he wanted to take everyone's guns away. And then there's a quote. Obama is an official who has almost everything he says recorded and archived. There are transcripts for pretty much any address or speech he has given. Google those quotes. See what the speech was about, who he was addressing and when it happened. Even if he did an exclusive interview with a publication, that same quote will be referenced in other stories, saying he said it while talking to the original publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check the comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of these fake and misleading stories are shared on social media platforms. Headlines are meant to get the reader's attention, but they're also supposed to accurately reflect what the story is about. Lately, that hasn't been the case. Headlines often will be written in exaggerated language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments on Facebook or Twitter. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reverse \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>image search\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A picture should be accurate in illustrating what the story is about. This often doesn't happen. If people who write these fake news stories don't even leave their homes or interview anyone for the stories, it's unlikely they take their own pictures. Do a little detective work and reverse search for the image on Google. You can do this by right-clicking on the image and choosing to search Google for it. If the image is appearing on a lot of stories about many different topics, there's a good chance it's not actually an image of what it says it was on the first story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tips are just a start at determining what type of news an article is. Zimdars outlined these and others \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10eA5-mCZLSS4MQY5QGb5ewC3VAL6pLkT53V_81ZyitM/edit\">in a guide for her students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do these steps, you're helping yourself and you're helping others by not increasing the circulation of these stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you won't be the only one trying to stop the spread of this false content. The company leaders behind the platforms these stories are shared on are trying to figure out how to fix the issue from their side, but they are also trying to make sure not to limit anyone's right to freedom of speech. It's a tricky position to be in, but they've said they'll try. In the end, it really does depend on taking responsibility and being an engaged consumer of news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's one last thing. Satirical publications exist and serve a purpose, but are clearly labeled as exaggerated and humorous by the writers and owners. Some of the more well-known ones like \u003ca href=\"http://www.theonion.com/\" target=\"_blank\">The Onion\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.clickhole.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ClickHole\u003c/a> use satire to talk about current events. If people don't understand that, they might share these articles after reading them in the literal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this happens or if you see your friends sharing blatantly fake news, be a friend and kindly tell them it's not real. Don't shy away from these conversations even if they might be uncomfortable. As said, everyone has to help fix the fake news problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wynne Davis is a Digital News intern.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fake news stories can have real-life consequences. On Sunday, police said a man with a rifle who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">claimed to be \"self-investigating\"\u003c/a> a baseless online conspiracy theory entered a Washington, D.C., pizzeria and fired the weapon inside the restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yes, fake news is a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These stories have gotten a lot of attention, with headlines claiming Pope Francis endorsed Donald Trump in November's election and sites like \u003ca href=\"http://americannews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">American News\u003c/a> sharing misleading stories or taking quotes out of context. And when sites like DC Gazette \u003ca href=\"http://thedcgazette.com/2016/person-investigating-clintons-dead/\">share stories\u003c/a> about people who allegedly investigated the Clinton family being found dead, the stories go viral and some people believe them. Again, these stories are not true in any way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stopping the proliferation of fake news isn't just the responsibility of the platforms used to spread it. Those who consume news also need to find ways of determining if what they're reading is true. We offer \u003ca href=\"#tips\">several tips\u003c/a> below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that people should have a fundamental sense of media literacy. And \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/upload/V3LessonPlans/Executive%20Summary%2011.21.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">based on a study\u003c/a> recently released by Stanford University researchers, many people don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\">Sam Wineburg,\u003c/a> a professor of education and history at Stanford and the lead author of the study, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/23/503129818/study-finds-students-have-dismaying-inability-to-tell-fake-news-from-real\" target=\"_blank\">a solution is for all readers\u003c/a> to read like fact-checkers. But how do fact-checkers do their job?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.poynter.org/author/alexios/\" target=\"_blank\">Alexios Mantzarlis,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/category/fact-checking/\">International Fact-Checking Network\u003c/a> at Poynter, says fact-checkers have a process for each claim they deal with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll isolate a claim that has something that can be objectively verified, you will seek the best primary sources in that topic. Find whether they match or refute or prove the claim being made, and then present with all limitations the data and what the data says about the claim being made,\" Mantzarlis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the framework for professionals, but there are ways for everyone to do a bit of fact-checking themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.merrimack.edu/live/profiles/586-melissa-mish-zimdars\" target=\"_blank\">Melissa Zimdars\u003c/a> is an assistant professor of communication and media at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. When she saw her students referencing questionable sources, she created and shared a document with them of how to think about sources, as well as a list of misleading, satirical and fake sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tips\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mantzarlis and Zimdars agreed there are a few best practices people can use when reading articles online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pay attention to the domain and URL\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look that you are probably familiar with. Sites with endings like .com.co should make you raise your eyebrows and tip you off that you need to dig around more to see if they can be trusted. This is true even when the site looks professional and has semi-recognizable logos. For example, \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com\u003c/a> is a legitimate news source, but \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.com.co/\" target=\"_blank\">abcnews.com.co\u003c/a> is not, despite its similar appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read the \"About Us\" section\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most sites will have a lot of information about the news outlet, the company that runs it, members of leadership, and the mission and ethics statement behind an organization. The language used here is straightforward. If it's melodramatic and seems overblown, you should be skeptical. Also, you should be able to find out more information about the organization's leaders in places other than that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at the quotes in a story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or rather, look at the lack of quotes. Most publications have multiple sources in each story who are professionals and have expertise in the fields they talk about. If it's a serious or controversial issue, there are more likely to be quotes — and lots of them. Look for professors or other academics who can speak to the research they've done. And if they are talking about research, look up those studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look at who said them\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, see who said the quotes, and what they said. Are they a reputable source with a title that you can verify through a quick Google search? Say you're looking at a story and it says President Obama said he wanted to take everyone's guns away. And then there's a quote. Obama is an official who has almost everything he says recorded and archived. There are transcripts for pretty much any address or speech he has given. Google those quotes. See what the speech was about, who he was addressing and when it happened. Even if he did an exclusive interview with a publication, that same quote will be referenced in other stories, saying he said it while talking to the original publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check the comments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of these fake and misleading stories are shared on social media platforms. Headlines are meant to get the reader's attention, but they're also supposed to accurately reflect what the story is about. Lately, that hasn't been the case. Headlines often will be written in exaggerated language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments on Facebook or Twitter. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reverse \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>image search\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A picture should be accurate in illustrating what the story is about. This often doesn't happen. If people who write these fake news stories don't even leave their homes or interview anyone for the stories, it's unlikely they take their own pictures. Do a little detective work and reverse search for the image on Google. You can do this by right-clicking on the image and choosing to search Google for it. If the image is appearing on a lot of stories about many different topics, there's a good chance it's not actually an image of what it says it was on the first story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tips are just a start at determining what type of news an article is. Zimdars outlined these and others \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10eA5-mCZLSS4MQY5QGb5ewC3VAL6pLkT53V_81ZyitM/edit\">in a guide for her students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do these steps, you're helping yourself and you're helping others by not increasing the circulation of these stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you won't be the only one trying to stop the spread of this false content. The company leaders behind the platforms these stories are shared on are trying to figure out how to fix the issue from their side, but they are also trying to make sure not to limit anyone's right to freedom of speech. It's a tricky position to be in, but they've said they'll try. In the end, it really does depend on taking responsibility and being an engaged consumer of news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's one last thing. Satirical publications exist and serve a purpose, but are clearly labeled as exaggerated and humorous by the writers and owners. Some of the more well-known ones like \u003ca href=\"http://www.theonion.com/\" target=\"_blank\">The Onion\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.clickhole.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ClickHole\u003c/a> use satire to talk about current events. If people don't understand that, they might share these articles after reading them in the literal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this happens or if you see your friends sharing blatantly fake news, be a friend and kindly tell them it's not real. Don't shy away from these conversations even if they might be uncomfortable. As said, everyone has to help fix the fake news problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Army Corps of Engineers has decided to deny a permit for the construction of a key section of the Dakota Access Pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision essentially halts the construction on the 1,172-mile oil pipeline about half a mile south of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation. The decision is also a victory for the thousands of demonstrators across the country who flocked to North Dakota in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our prayers have been answered,\" National Congress of American Indians President Brian Cladoosby said in a statement. \"This isn't over, but it is enormously good news. All tribal peoples have prayed from the beginning for a peaceful solution, and this puts us back on track.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jo-Ellen Darcy, the Army's assistant secretary for civil works, said after talking with tribal officials and hearing their concerns that the pipeline could affect the drinking water, it became \"clear that there's more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The best way to complete that work responsibly and expeditiously is to explore alternate routes for the pipeline crossing,\" Darcy said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps says it intends to issue an environmental impact statement with \"full public input and analysis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the site of the protests, the news spread in excited whispers and statements of disbelief. Finally, one man at Camp Oceti Sakowin finally yelled it: \"The easement has been denied!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheers and whoops erupted from the crowd nearby and continued for hours, as different parts of the sprawling camp heard about the federal government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tom Shaving, of the Cheyenne River tribe, the news was exciting and a welcome relief. He has been camping in protest of the pipeline since August, watching his group of \"water protectors\" grow from dozens of people on the banks of the Cannon Ball River to a settlement of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Chairman Dave Archambault II said the tribe welcomed the decision, but he also sounded a note of caution, saying he hoped the incoming Donald Trump administration would \"respect this decision and understand the complex process that led us to this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archambault II went on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When it comes to infrastructure development in Indian Country and with respect to treaty lands, we must strive to work together to reach decisions that reflect the multifaceted considerations of tribes. Treaties are paramount law and must be respected, and we welcome dialogue on how to continue to honor that moving forward. We are not opposed to energy independence, economic development, or national security concerns but we must ensure that these decisions are made with the considerations of our Indigenous peoples.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tom Shaving shares Archambault's caution, and he fears that a President Trump could undo Sunday's announcement. Like many at the camp, he isn't planning to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to keep going,\" he says. \"We have to persevere. Trump's right next in line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Army Corps of Engineers has decided to deny a permit for the construction of a key section of the Dakota Access Pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision essentially halts the construction on the 1,172-mile oil pipeline about half a mile south of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation. The decision is also a victory for the thousands of demonstrators across the country who flocked to North Dakota in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our prayers have been answered,\" National Congress of American Indians President Brian Cladoosby said in a statement. \"This isn't over, but it is enormously good news. All tribal peoples have prayed from the beginning for a peaceful solution, and this puts us back on track.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jo-Ellen Darcy, the Army's assistant secretary for civil works, said after talking with tribal officials and hearing their concerns that the pipeline could affect the drinking water, it became \"clear that there's more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The best way to complete that work responsibly and expeditiously is to explore alternate routes for the pipeline crossing,\" Darcy said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps says it intends to issue an environmental impact statement with \"full public input and analysis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the site of the protests, the news spread in excited whispers and statements of disbelief. Finally, one man at Camp Oceti Sakowin finally yelled it: \"The easement has been denied!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheers and whoops erupted from the crowd nearby and continued for hours, as different parts of the sprawling camp heard about the federal government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tom Shaving, of the Cheyenne River tribe, the news was exciting and a welcome relief. He has been camping in protest of the pipeline since August, watching his group of \"water protectors\" grow from dozens of people on the banks of the Cannon Ball River to a settlement of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Chairman Dave Archambault II said the tribe welcomed the decision, but he also sounded a note of caution, saying he hoped the incoming Donald Trump administration would \"respect this decision and understand the complex process that led us to this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archambault II went on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"When it comes to infrastructure development in Indian Country and with respect to treaty lands, we must strive to work together to reach decisions that reflect the multifaceted considerations of tribes. Treaties are paramount law and must be respected, and we welcome dialogue on how to continue to honor that moving forward. We are not opposed to energy independence, economic development, or national security concerns but we must ensure that these decisions are made with the considerations of our Indigenous peoples.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tom Shaving shares Archambault's caution, and he fears that a President Trump could undo Sunday's announcement. Like many at the camp, he isn't planning to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to keep going,\" he says. \"We have to persevere. Trump's right next in line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Bernardino Shooting's Signs Have Faded, But Memories Remain Piercing",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's been a year since Ray Britain lay on the floor of the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, feeling the vibrations of the gunshots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers that \"constant tremble,\" he says, the ringing in his ears, the shell casings — \"a rainbow of shell casings\" — flying from the gun, and the looks of shock on his co-workers' faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a year since Britain survived what was then considered the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks: Fourteen people killed and 22 wounded. But he can remember all of it like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The dreams keep a lot of it real,\" Britain says. \"There're certain things I wish I could just forget, but unfortunately, they just keep popping up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some people in San Bernardino and the greater Inland Empire, Dec. 2 will always be the day that established a new normal. For others, the change is less acute.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>One Year After San Bernardino Shooting, Family Remembers Loss\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the evening of Dec. 1, 2015, county worker Damian Meins was told to come to a meeting at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino. Twenty-four hours later, Meins' family would be told he was one of 14 people killed in the terrorist attack. Surviving family members Trenna, Tina and Tawnya remember him.[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The FBI hasn't released any new information about its investigation into the deceased shooters, Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, in months. The trial against Enrique Marquez Jr. — a friend of Farook's who is charged with buying some of the weapons that were used in the attack, among other things — doesn't start until September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, signs of the shooting have faded, too. The police tape is gone outside the Inland Regional Center, and on workdays the parking lot is full. Commuters drive by a makeshift memorial of fresh flowers and drooping signs, first put up in the hours and days after the shooting when people were still coming to terms with what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Qo6viDB8imRouANqkOePCoA1DWLw2NJ3\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Redlands at the apartment the two shooters left that December morning — armed with pipebombs, handguns, rifles and more than a thousand rounds of ammunition — there's a decorative flag by a new front door that says \"Happy Holidays.\" The two neighboring units fly American flags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We haven't forgotten it,\" says Casey Pace, pushing her kids in a stroller by the house. \"But we have to move on, I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'I hear his voice all of the time'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has proved difficult for a lot of people more closely connected to the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hear his voice all of the time,\" says Mandy Pifer, whose fiance, Shannon Johnson, was killed while shielding a co-worker with his body. \"Most of the time, it's telling me to stop being so ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pifer is a volunteer crisis counselor for the city of Los Angeles and says she's been working more and more since the tragedy. Helping others in their own moments of tragedy, she says, \"is really helping me heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504025469/504101037\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sally Cardinale, healing has come in fits and spurts. She hid in a bathroom stall with three other women during the attack on the holiday party, and says she still has trouble sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything I was thinking about when I was in that bathroom was, 'I'm going to die and my kids are going to get separated because they have separate fathers,' \" she says. \"I don't know what to do with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some days she feels good; other days, she can't get out of bed. \"It's an up-and-down all of the time,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some survivors feel betrayed, abandoned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's made more difficult by the fact that she feels like it's out of her control. Cardinale is part of a group of survivors accusing San Bernardino County of cutting off much-needed support for the survivors of the attack, including refusing to approve counseling or antidepressant medication. Others, who were physically wounded, Cardinale says, are fighting to get surgeries approved and physical therapy covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardinale says that the fight to get help has felt like a second trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a closed meeting with the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors earlier this week, survivors said they felt betrayed and abandoned, left to deal with California's complicated workers' compensation program without guidance or help. Their health insurers won't cover their injuries because they occurred in a workplace attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11201745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11201745 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015 in San Bernardino.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015, in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A county spokesman, David Wert, says in an email that workers' comp can be a tedious process, but insists that the county has been as responsive as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The county is, and always has been, committed to ensuring our employees get all the care they need,\" Wert wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A city in search of an identity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one aspect of the challenge facing the city of San Bernardino and its leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I used to tell people that my district was halfway between Los Angeles and Palm Springs,\" says Pete Aguilar, the U.S. representative for the district that includes San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he says, his hometown had been added to a list of cities that people just know for a terrible reason, like Littleton, Colorado, or Newtown, Connecticut. But Aguilar is defiant: \"We will not be defined by this tragedy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504100948/504100949\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino, by Aguilar's admission, is a work in progress. The city of 216,000 filed for bankruptcy in 2012 and still is facing steep economic problems. Murder and other crimes have spiked in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down a pot-holed street from the Inland Regional Center, resident Akia Ingram says people are leaving the city because there are few good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This used to be the place people would move to from L.A. or other places,\" she says. \"But now it's just really, really bad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingram watched as the hordes of television crews and police officers came and went last December following the attack, and says she couldn't help but feel angry that few thought to report on or address the city's other problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It don't get no attention,\" she says. \"Only thing that get attention is something big like that terrorist attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'We're a better community now'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have hope, though, that the attack still could help the city find its footing to address those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're a better community now, even though we're hurt,\" says Brian Levin, a criminal justice professor at California State University, San Bernardino, who studies hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks that followed the tragedy, Levin met with faith leaders, law enforcement and families of the victims, and he says he noticed a unity of shock and shared pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"FNF6XDDtLkJR3FGfzdJdsgT0qI2TMz3a\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other parts of the country were arguing about gun laws and immigration, and as hate crimes against Muslims rose, San Bernardino \"didn't have the luxury to be divisive,\" he says — something he still sees today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The attack] will always be a part of our history,\" Levin says. \"But here's the thing: so will the heroics of those police officers and first responders and medical staff, and so will the grace of the families. We're writing the rest of the history. The bastards lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been a year since Ray Britain lay on the floor of the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, feeling the vibrations of the gunshots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers that \"constant tremble,\" he says, the ringing in his ears, the shell casings — \"a rainbow of shell casings\" — flying from the gun, and the looks of shock on his co-workers' faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a year since Britain survived what was then considered the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks: Fourteen people killed and 22 wounded. But he can remember all of it like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The dreams keep a lot of it real,\" Britain says. \"There're certain things I wish I could just forget, but unfortunately, they just keep popping up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some people in San Bernardino and the greater Inland Empire, Dec. 2 will always be the day that established a new normal. For others, the change is less acute.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>One Year After San Bernardino Shooting, Family Remembers Loss\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the evening of Dec. 1, 2015, county worker Damian Meins was told to come to a meeting at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino. Twenty-four hours later, Meins' family would be told he was one of 14 people killed in the terrorist attack. Surviving family members Trenna, Tina and Tawnya remember him.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/295875462'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The FBI hasn't released any new information about its investigation into the deceased shooters, Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, in months. The trial against Enrique Marquez Jr. — a friend of Farook's who is charged with buying some of the weapons that were used in the attack, among other things — doesn't start until September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, signs of the shooting have faded, too. The police tape is gone outside the Inland Regional Center, and on workdays the parking lot is full. Commuters drive by a makeshift memorial of fresh flowers and drooping signs, first put up in the hours and days after the shooting when people were still coming to terms with what had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Redlands at the apartment the two shooters left that December morning — armed with pipebombs, handguns, rifles and more than a thousand rounds of ammunition — there's a decorative flag by a new front door that says \"Happy Holidays.\" The two neighboring units fly American flags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We haven't forgotten it,\" says Casey Pace, pushing her kids in a stroller by the house. \"But we have to move on, I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'I hear his voice all of the time'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has proved difficult for a lot of people more closely connected to the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hear his voice all of the time,\" says Mandy Pifer, whose fiance, Shannon Johnson, was killed while shielding a co-worker with his body. \"Most of the time, it's telling me to stop being so ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pifer is a volunteer crisis counselor for the city of Los Angeles and says she's been working more and more since the tragedy. Helping others in their own moments of tragedy, she says, \"is really helping me heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504025469/504101037\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sally Cardinale, healing has come in fits and spurts. She hid in a bathroom stall with three other women during the attack on the holiday party, and says she still has trouble sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything I was thinking about when I was in that bathroom was, 'I'm going to die and my kids are going to get separated because they have separate fathers,' \" she says. \"I don't know what to do with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some days she feels good; other days, she can't get out of bed. \"It's an up-and-down all of the time,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some survivors feel betrayed, abandoned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's made more difficult by the fact that she feels like it's out of her control. Cardinale is part of a group of survivors accusing San Bernardino County of cutting off much-needed support for the survivors of the attack, including refusing to approve counseling or antidepressant medication. Others, who were physically wounded, Cardinale says, are fighting to get surgeries approved and physical therapy covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardinale says that the fight to get help has felt like a second trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a closed meeting with the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors earlier this week, survivors said they felt betrayed and abandoned, left to deal with California's complicated workers' compensation program without guidance or help. Their health insurers won't cover their injuries because they occurred in a workplace attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11201745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11201745 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015 in San Bernardino.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/sb-img_4383-edit-7bdb043ce45e5ad8c800008283f594c9291a6e26-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik killed 14 people at the Inland Regional Center on Dec. 2, 2015, in San Bernardino. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A county spokesman, David Wert, says in an email that workers' comp can be a tedious process, but insists that the county has been as responsive as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The county is, and always has been, committed to ensuring our employees get all the care they need,\" Wert wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A city in search of an identity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one aspect of the challenge facing the city of San Bernardino and its leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I used to tell people that my district was halfway between Los Angeles and Palm Springs,\" says Pete Aguilar, the U.S. representative for the district that includes San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he says, his hometown had been added to a list of cities that people just know for a terrible reason, like Littleton, Colorado, or Newtown, Connecticut. But Aguilar is defiant: \"We will not be defined by this tragedy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/504100948/504100949\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino, by Aguilar's admission, is a work in progress. The city of 216,000 filed for bankruptcy in 2012 and still is facing steep economic problems. Murder and other crimes have spiked in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down a pot-holed street from the Inland Regional Center, resident Akia Ingram says people are leaving the city because there are few good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This used to be the place people would move to from L.A. or other places,\" she says. \"But now it's just really, really bad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingram watched as the hordes of television crews and police officers came and went last December following the attack, and says she couldn't help but feel angry that few thought to report on or address the city's other problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It don't get no attention,\" she says. \"Only thing that get attention is something big like that terrorist attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'We're a better community now'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have hope, though, that the attack still could help the city find its footing to address those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're a better community now, even though we're hurt,\" says Brian Levin, a criminal justice professor at California State University, San Bernardino, who studies hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks that followed the tragedy, Levin met with faith leaders, law enforcement and families of the victims, and he says he noticed a unity of shock and shared pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other parts of the country were arguing about gun laws and immigration, and as hate crimes against Muslims rose, San Bernardino \"didn't have the luxury to be divisive,\" he says — something he still sees today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The attack] will always be a part of our history,\" Levin says. \"But here's the thing: so will the heroics of those police officers and first responders and medical staff, and so will the grace of the families. We're writing the rest of the history. The bastards lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Only 26 Percent of Americans Support Full Repeal of Obamacare, Poll Finds",
"title": "Only 26 Percent of Americans Support Full Repeal of Obamacare, Poll Finds",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Americans continue to be divided along partisan lines over Obamacare, with an overwhelming percentage of Democrats favoring it and an equal share of Republicans having unfavorable views, according to a newly released \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kaiser-health-tracking-poll-november-2016/\">Kaiser Family Foundation poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to an actual gutting of Obamacare, there doesn't appear to be a lot of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-fourth, or 26 percent, of Americans favor a full repeal of the health care law, while 17 percent say scale it back, according to the Kaiser poll. On the other hand, 30 percent favor expanding the law and another 19 percent want lawmakers to move forward with the law as it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll was conducted one week after the 2016 presidential election. In its aftermath, President-elect Donald Trump and Republican lawmakers have signaled their intention to follow through on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/09/501203831/trump-can-kill-obamacare-with-or-without-help-from-congress\">campaign promise\u003c/a> to repeal President Obama's landmark health care legislation. Republican lawmakers have voted to repeal Obamacare \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/06/462114338/lawmakers-in-the-house-will-try-again-in-2016-to-repeal-obamacare\">dozens of times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"aJbSOtPA5fOU63vB3lkch7PWeEmJ4AfN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Kaiser survey indicates that there's been a \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/some-gop-voters-skittish-on-full-repeal-poll-finds/\">decline\u003c/a> in the percentage of Republicans who want to see the law repealed just since October. In that month, 69 percent of GOPers said they favored repealing the entire law. A month later, once it was clear that the GOP would be in control of the health care debate, just 52 percent of Republicans said the law should be repealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in October, just 11 percent of Republicans said they wanted the law scaled back but not eliminated. In November, that percentage increased to 24 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll also indicates that among those who want to see Obamacare repealed, only a third don't want a replacement. Two-thirds want to see it replaced by a Republican alternative. There are reports that the GOP may seek an immediate repeal of the law and wait \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/gop-could-repeal-before-replacing-obamacare/2016/11/29/db6fd448-b667-11e6-939c-91749443c5e5_story.html\">years\u003c/a> before settling on a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the survey finds that some key provisions of Obamacare are very popular among Democrats and Republicans. For example, 85 percent favor keeping young adults on their parents' insurance plan until age 26. Sixty-nine percent like the prohibitions on insurance companies denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most unpopular feature of Obamacare? Only 35 percent favor the individual mandate requiring all people to sign up for health insurance or pay a fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As Republicans debate how to keep their promise to dismantle Obamacare, a Kaiser poll suggests that the law has strong support for some key provisions.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Americans continue to be divided along partisan lines over Obamacare, with an overwhelming percentage of Democrats favoring it and an equal share of Republicans having unfavorable views, according to a newly released \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kaiser-health-tracking-poll-november-2016/\">Kaiser Family Foundation poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when it comes to an actual gutting of Obamacare, there doesn't appear to be a lot of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One-fourth, or 26 percent, of Americans favor a full repeal of the health care law, while 17 percent say scale it back, according to the Kaiser poll. On the other hand, 30 percent favor expanding the law and another 19 percent want lawmakers to move forward with the law as it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll was conducted one week after the 2016 presidential election. In its aftermath, President-elect Donald Trump and Republican lawmakers have signaled their intention to follow through on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/09/501203831/trump-can-kill-obamacare-with-or-without-help-from-congress\">campaign promise\u003c/a> to repeal President Obama's landmark health care legislation. Republican lawmakers have voted to repeal Obamacare \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/06/462114338/lawmakers-in-the-house-will-try-again-in-2016-to-repeal-obamacare\">dozens of times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Kaiser survey indicates that there's been a \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/some-gop-voters-skittish-on-full-repeal-poll-finds/\">decline\u003c/a> in the percentage of Republicans who want to see the law repealed just since October. In that month, 69 percent of GOPers said they favored repealing the entire law. A month later, once it was clear that the GOP would be in control of the health care debate, just 52 percent of Republicans said the law should be repealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in October, just 11 percent of Republicans said they wanted the law scaled back but not eliminated. In November, that percentage increased to 24 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll also indicates that among those who want to see Obamacare repealed, only a third don't want a replacement. Two-thirds want to see it replaced by a Republican alternative. There are reports that the GOP may seek an immediate repeal of the law and wait \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/gop-could-repeal-before-replacing-obamacare/2016/11/29/db6fd448-b667-11e6-939c-91749443c5e5_story.html\">years\u003c/a> before settling on a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the survey finds that some key provisions of Obamacare are very popular among Democrats and Republicans. For example, 85 percent favor keeping young adults on their parents' insurance plan until age 26. Sixty-nine percent like the prohibitions on insurance companies denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most unpopular feature of Obamacare? Only 35 percent favor the individual mandate requiring all people to sign up for health insurance or pay a fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Uber Now Tracks Passengers' Locations Even After They're Dropped Off",
"title": "Uber Now Tracks Passengers' Locations Even After They're Dropped Off",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Uber's latest update allows the ride-hailing app to \u003ca href=\"https://help.uber.com/h/ba9dd342-158d-421f-a9ea-0e6c7aaad726\" target=\"_blank\">track user location data\u003c/a> even when the application is running in the background. The change in location data gathering is quite apparent — after the update is completed, Uber prompts users to accept the new policy by enabling their phones to make the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Uber collected data from the user only if the rider had the application open. Now, if a rider calls for an Uber and closes the app, Uber says it will continue to collect location data up until five minutes after the ride ends. That means Uber can see where you end up after you leave the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So your secret rendezvous may not be so secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber now will be focused on collecting rider data, rather than just driver and trip data. \"We do this to improve pickups, drop-offs, customer service, and to enhance safety,\" Uber says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber hopes to eliminate the most frustrating part of the experience: the game of phone tag that both the rider and driver play when trying to coordinate the pickup spot. By collecting location data when the ride is called, Uber can use the information gathered to gain a better sense of locations at large venues. Hopefully this will lead to less confusion when dropping a pin, or maybe it will improve the chance that users will be picked up on the correct side of the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11200403\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11200403\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Uber iOS notification.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68.jpg 899w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Uber iOS notification. \u003ccite>(Uber/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The update raises worries for privacy advocates. The \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/2016/12/uber-expands-data-collection-t.html\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> previously filed a \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/privacy/internet/ftc/uber/Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Federal Trade Commission over Uber's plans to collect more user data. \"The FTC failed to act and Uber is now tracking users non-stop,\" EPIC says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Al Franken of Minnesota, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/12/26/373087290/as-uber-expands-it-asks-cities-for-forgivness-instead-of-permission\" target=\"_blank\">who expressed disappointment\u003c/a> with Uber previously, told NPR in a statement that the update \"raises questions\" that the app is requiring users to \"grant permission to track their location at all times.\" Franken said he plans to look at the issue further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this update could be causing a stir is the change in privacy settings necessary to use the Uber app. iOS users' location-sharing choices changed from \"Never\" share location and share location \"While Using the App\" to \"Never\" and \"Always.\" The \"Always\" setting implies that Uber could access riders' locations when they are not on rides. However, Uber says on its site that location data will be collected only from the inception of the ride through five minutes after the end of the trip. iOS and Android users can choose the \"Never\" option, which will require riders to manually enter pickup information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has previously faced issues with location information collection. In January, Uber paid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/johanabhuiyan/uber-settles-godview?utm_term=.sedGNPrmxY#.cwyPV0AXNM\" target=\"_blank\">$20,000 fine\u003c/a> in New York following an investigation into the company's \"God View\" tool. The tool allowed employees to view and track individual riders in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Laura Roman is the social media intern at NPR.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Uber's latest update allows the ride-hailing app to \u003ca href=\"https://help.uber.com/h/ba9dd342-158d-421f-a9ea-0e6c7aaad726\" target=\"_blank\">track user location data\u003c/a> even when the application is running in the background. The change in location data gathering is quite apparent — after the update is completed, Uber prompts users to accept the new policy by enabling their phones to make the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Uber collected data from the user only if the rider had the application open. Now, if a rider calls for an Uber and closes the app, Uber says it will continue to collect location data up until five minutes after the ride ends. That means Uber can see where you end up after you leave the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So your secret rendezvous may not be so secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber now will be focused on collecting rider data, rather than just driver and trip data. \"We do this to improve pickups, drop-offs, customer service, and to enhance safety,\" Uber says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber hopes to eliminate the most frustrating part of the experience: the game of phone tag that both the rider and driver play when trying to coordinate the pickup spot. By collecting location data when the ride is called, Uber can use the information gathered to gain a better sense of locations at large venues. Hopefully this will lead to less confusion when dropping a pin, or maybe it will improve the chance that users will be picked up on the correct side of the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11200403\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11200403\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Uber iOS notification.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/fullsizerender-7b617caf030495e16258bcd3bededb94a1e71b68.jpg 899w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Uber iOS notification. \u003ccite>(Uber/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The update raises worries for privacy advocates. The \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/2016/12/uber-expands-data-collection-t.html\" target=\"_blank\">Electronic Privacy Information Center\u003c/a> previously filed a \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/privacy/internet/ftc/uber/Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> with the Federal Trade Commission over Uber's plans to collect more user data. \"The FTC failed to act and Uber is now tracking users non-stop,\" EPIC says on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Al Franken of Minnesota, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2014/12/26/373087290/as-uber-expands-it-asks-cities-for-forgivness-instead-of-permission\" target=\"_blank\">who expressed disappointment\u003c/a> with Uber previously, told NPR in a statement that the update \"raises questions\" that the app is requiring users to \"grant permission to track their location at all times.\" Franken said he plans to look at the issue further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this update could be causing a stir is the change in privacy settings necessary to use the Uber app. iOS users' location-sharing choices changed from \"Never\" share location and share location \"While Using the App\" to \"Never\" and \"Always.\" The \"Always\" setting implies that Uber could access riders' locations when they are not on rides. However, Uber says on its site that location data will be collected only from the inception of the ride through five minutes after the end of the trip. iOS and Android users can choose the \"Never\" option, which will require riders to manually enter pickup information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has previously faced issues with location information collection. In January, Uber paid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/johanabhuiyan/uber-settles-godview?utm_term=.sedGNPrmxY#.cwyPV0AXNM\" target=\"_blank\">$20,000 fine\u003c/a> in New York following an investigation into the company's \"God View\" tool. The tool allowed employees to view and track individual riders in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Laura Roman is the social media intern at NPR.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Princess Cruise Lines will pay a $40 million fine for \"deliberate pollution of the seas and intentional acts to cover it up,\" according to the Department of Justice, which calls it \"the largest-ever criminal penalty involving deliberate vessel pollution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-based cruise operator also agreed to plead guilty to seven felony charges over illegal practices on five ships dating back, in at least one case, to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said in a statement that Princess illegally dumped contaminated waste and oil from its Caribbean Princess ship for eight years — a practice that was exposed by a whistleblowing engineer in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineer quit his job over the dumping when the ship docked in the U.K. and alerted British authorities, who notified the U.S. Coast Guard. He said other engineers were using a device called a \"magic pipe\" to bypass the ship's water treatment system and unload oily waste into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, other engineers attempted to hide the evidence of illegal dumping before British investigators could board the ship, according to the Justice Department. The statement read: \"The chief engineer and senior first engineer ordered a cover-up, including removal of the magic pipe and directing subordinates to lie.\" This continued during a subsequent investigation led by the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said the deliberate pollution was likely an attempt to cut costs: \"The chief engineer that ordered the dumping off the coast of England told subordinate engineers that it cost too much to properly offload the waste in ports and that the shore-side superintendent who he reported to would not want to pay the expense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the illegal waste dumping from the Caribbean Princess, the Department of Justice says it uncovered illegal practices on four other Princess ships:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\"One practice was to open a salt water valve when bilge waste was being processed by the oily water separator and oil content monitor. The purpose was to prevent the oil content monitor from otherwise alarming and stopping the overboard discharge.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\"The second practice involved discharges of oily bilge water originating from the overflow of graywater tanks into the machinery space bilges. This waste was pumped back into the graywater system rather than being processed as oily bilge waste.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some discharges likely took place within U.S. waters, the Justice Department says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pollution in this case was the result of more than just bad actors on one ship,\" Assistant Attorney General John C. Cruden says. \"It reflects very poorly on Princess's culture and management.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, Princess Cruises says it is \"extremely disappointed about the inexcusable actions of our employees.\" It says it launched an internal investigation in 2013. And \"although we had policies and procedures in place, it became apparent they were not fully effective,\" the statement reads. \"We are very sorry that this happened and have taken additional steps to ensure we meet or exceed all environmental requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Princess Cruises is a subsidiary of Miami-based Carnival Corp., and the plea agreement requires ships from eight of Carnival's companies to submit to court-supervised monitoring of environmental compliance for the next five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said the deliberate pollution was likely an attempt to cut costs: \"The chief engineer that ordered the dumping off the coast of England told subordinate engineers that it cost too much to properly offload the waste in ports and that the shore-side superintendent who he reported to would not want to pay the expense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the illegal waste dumping from the Caribbean Princess, the Department of Justice says it uncovered illegal practices on four other Princess ships:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\"One practice was to open a salt water valve when bilge waste was being processed by the oily water separator and oil content monitor. The purpose was to prevent the oil content monitor from otherwise alarming and stopping the overboard discharge.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\"The second practice involved discharges of oily bilge water originating from the overflow of graywater tanks into the machinery space bilges. This waste was pumped back into the graywater system rather than being processed as oily bilge waste.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some discharges likely took place within U.S. waters, the Justice Department says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pollution in this case was the result of more than just bad actors on one ship,\" Assistant Attorney General John C. Cruden says. \"It reflects very poorly on Princess's culture and management.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, Princess Cruises says it is \"extremely disappointed about the inexcusable actions of our employees.\" It says it launched an internal investigation in 2013. And \"although we had policies and procedures in place, it became apparent they were not fully effective,\" the statement reads. \"We are very sorry that this happened and have taken additional steps to ensure we meet or exceed all environmental requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Princess Cruises is a subsidiary of Miami-based Carnival Corp., and the plea agreement requires ships from eight of Carnival's companies to submit to court-supervised monitoring of environmental compliance for the next five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Congress has reached a compromise on the Pentagon's effort to claw back millions of dollars in bonuses paid by the California National Guard, agreeing to forgive the debt in cases where soldiers \"knew or reasonably should have known\" they were ineligible to receive the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The compromise is part of a mammoth new defense spending authorization bill that's slated for a vote by the end of next week. It comes \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/24/u-s-soldiers-told-to-repay-thousands-in-signing-bonuses-from-height-of-war-effort/\">one month after news emerged\u003c/a> about soldiers who'd fulfilled their enlistment commitments — but were facing wage garnishments and repayment demands, after the Pentagon said they weren't entitled to the sign-up bonuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Led by \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-national-guard-bonus-20161020-snap-story.html\">The Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>, that coverage generated public outrage and prompted Defense Secretary Ash Carter \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/26/pentagon-suspends-effort-to-take-back-national-guard-enlistment-bonuses/\">to order the Pentagon to suspend its effort\u003c/a> to reclaim improperly awarded bonuses until the process is both efficient and fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"qHXyG3mISjlHFM9POTJCbzkUlxiQO1yP\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new compromise deal is part of legislation that provides more than $600 billion in discretionary defense spending. In addition to setting terms for forgiving bonuses and student loan benefits, it would require the Defense Department to refund money repaid by soldiers who didn't engage in fraud — and to inform credit agencies about the forgiven debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an important fix that ultimately does the right thing,\" said Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif. \"It moves the burden of proof off the soldiers and onto the Department of Defense to prove that those who received bonuses knew they shouldn't have, and also helps make sure those who already wrongly repaid their portion are made whole at once.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, it emerged that thousands of soldiers were being compelled to repay money they'd received a decade ago, at the height of the U.S. military's fight in both Afghanistan and Iraq. \u003cem>The Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reported that nearly 10,000 soldiers were scrambling to repay the bonuses and other benefits — and that others were locked in legal disputes with the Pentagon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/23/499065155/u-s-soldiers-told-to-repay-thousands-in-signing-bonuses-from-height-of-war-effor\">the Two-Way reported\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The problem of improper use of military troop-level incentives isn't limited to California — but the state has emerged as a focal point because of two factors: the large size of its guard force, and a history of overpayments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A scandal over the California National Guard's use of bonus money was first unearthed in 2010, when the Sacramento Bee reported that its incentive program had misspent as much as $100 million. The program's onetime leader, former Master Sgt. Toni Jaffe, was later sentenced to 30 months in prison, after pleading guilty to making $15 million in false claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it was first discovered, that scandal was deemed 'war profiteering' and was said to have benefited guard members who hadn't logged any combat duty; high-ranking officers were mentioned. But in the years since, lower-ranking service members have complained about garnished checks and a prolonged review process, saying they've done nothing wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Congress has reached a compromise on the Pentagon's effort to claw back millions of dollars in bonuses paid by the California National Guard, agreeing to forgive the debt in cases where soldiers \"knew or reasonably should have known\" they were ineligible to receive the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The compromise is part of a mammoth new defense spending authorization bill that's slated for a vote by the end of next week. It comes \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/24/u-s-soldiers-told-to-repay-thousands-in-signing-bonuses-from-height-of-war-effort/\">one month after news emerged\u003c/a> about soldiers who'd fulfilled their enlistment commitments — but were facing wage garnishments and repayment demands, after the Pentagon said they weren't entitled to the sign-up bonuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Led by \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-national-guard-bonus-20161020-snap-story.html\">The Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>, that coverage generated public outrage and prompted Defense Secretary Ash Carter \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/26/pentagon-suspends-effort-to-take-back-national-guard-enlistment-bonuses/\">to order the Pentagon to suspend its effort\u003c/a> to reclaim improperly awarded bonuses until the process is both efficient and fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new compromise deal is part of legislation that provides more than $600 billion in discretionary defense spending. In addition to setting terms for forgiving bonuses and student loan benefits, it would require the Defense Department to refund money repaid by soldiers who didn't engage in fraud — and to inform credit agencies about the forgiven debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an important fix that ultimately does the right thing,\" said Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif. \"It moves the burden of proof off the soldiers and onto the Department of Defense to prove that those who received bonuses knew they shouldn't have, and also helps make sure those who already wrongly repaid their portion are made whole at once.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, it emerged that thousands of soldiers were being compelled to repay money they'd received a decade ago, at the height of the U.S. military's fight in both Afghanistan and Iraq. \u003cem>The Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reported that nearly 10,000 soldiers were scrambling to repay the bonuses and other benefits — and that others were locked in legal disputes with the Pentagon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/23/499065155/u-s-soldiers-told-to-repay-thousands-in-signing-bonuses-from-height-of-war-effor\">the Two-Way reported\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The problem of improper use of military troop-level incentives isn't limited to California — but the state has emerged as a focal point because of two factors: the large size of its guard force, and a history of overpayments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A scandal over the California National Guard's use of bonus money was first unearthed in 2010, when the Sacramento Bee reported that its incentive program had misspent as much as $100 million. The program's onetime leader, former Master Sgt. Toni Jaffe, was later sentenced to 30 months in prison, after pleading guilty to making $15 million in false claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it was first discovered, that scandal was deemed 'war profiteering' and was said to have benefited guard members who hadn't logged any combat duty; high-ranking officers were mentioned. But in the years since, lower-ranking service members have complained about garnished checks and a prolonged review process, saying they've done nothing wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump's New Treasury Secretary Headed a 'Foreclosure Machine'",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 11:00 a.m., Nov. 30:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPresident-elect Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/30/503791602/reports-trump-picks-steve-mnuchin-to-lead-treasury-department\" target=\"_blank\">has picked his campaign finance chairman\u003c/a>, Steve Mnuchin, to be his Treasury secretary. The Wall Street banker spent 17 years at Goldman Sachs, where he was a partner, and is now chief executive of Dune Capital Management, a privately owned hedge fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAfter campaigning with lots of populist and anti-Wall Street rhetoric, Donald Trump is seriously considering a veteran Wall Street financier, Steve Mnuchin, to be his Treasury secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mnuchin spent 17 years at Goldman Sachs, ultimately as a partner at the investment bank. More recently, he's headed a privately owned hedge fund, Dune Capital Management. Last April he became Trump's chief fundraiser, and he's now a member of the president-elect's transition team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mnuchin's resume also includes a stint as chairman and CEO of a California bank that's been called a foreclosure machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the depths of the financial crisis, Mnuchin was looking to make profits from the ruins of the housing bust. In 2009, he put together a group of billionaire investors and bought a failed California-based bank, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=92489065\">IndyMac\u003c/a>. It had been taken over by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. after its sketchy mortgage loans went bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mnuchin and his partners bought IndyMac on the condition that the FDIC agree to pay future losses above a certain threshold. They renamed the bank OneWest Bank and, after running it for 6 years, they sold it last year for a profit, estimated at close to $1.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Stein of the California Reinvestment Coalition, a housing advocacy group, says that profit was made on the backs of suffering California homeowners. \"In essence what they did is they bought a foreclosure machine,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/503755613/503766919\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the coalition, OneWest foreclosed on more than 36,000 homeowners under Mnuchin. During that time, the FDIC made payments to OneWest totaling more $1 billion. Those payments went to the \"billionaire investors of OneWest Bank,\" says Stein, \"to cover the cost of foreclosing on working-class, everyday, American folks,\" many of whom lived in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rex Schaffer, 86, and his wife Rose were among those who lost their homes, in a OneWest foreclosure. After living nearly 50 years in their home in La Puente, Calif., the Schaffers took a home equity loan but struggled to make the payments. They say they qualified three times for a government assisted modification, but OneWest failed to modify the loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a disaster dealing with those people,\" Rex Shaffer says. \"We'd have a different person every time we called in.\" He counted 33 OneWest employees, in all, and each one would give him \"a different story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing threats that their home would be auctioned off, the Schaffers finally got through to a OneWest vice president. According to Rex Shaffer, the VP said, \"I'm going to get you a 60-day extension on the sale date, so we can work this thing out.\" That was on Feb. 17, 2011. But the next day, the Schaffers' house was sold without their knowledge. \"We didn't even know it — didn't have the faintest idea,\" Rex Shaffer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"kQMxll2B49CltNsYfmk6djG6yGpDh297\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They voted for Donald Trump, but Rose Schaffer says they're praying he doesn't choose Mnuchin as his Treasury secretary. \"If he can't run his own little bank,\" she asks, \"how can he handle a large thing for the United States?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Americans were foreclosed on after the financial crisis; some were duped by real estate agents and bankers, others took imprudent risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is important to note that Mnuchin and his partners bought a bank from the government that was already in trouble because of bad loans. But Stein, of the California Reinvestment Coalition, argues that Trump's message was that his presidency would rescue working families and the forgotten middle class. Stein says Mnuchin's actions run counter to the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Mnuchin oversaw a bank that created difficulties and financial ruin for tens of thousands of families,\" Stein says. Stein and his organization have also charged that, under Mnuchin, OneWest illegally avoided serving minority communities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite NPR's repeated requests for comment, Mnuchin did not provide a response. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 11:00 a.m., Nov. 30:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPresident-elect Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/30/503791602/reports-trump-picks-steve-mnuchin-to-lead-treasury-department\" target=\"_blank\">has picked his campaign finance chairman\u003c/a>, Steve Mnuchin, to be his Treasury secretary. The Wall Street banker spent 17 years at Goldman Sachs, where he was a partner, and is now chief executive of Dune Capital Management, a privately owned hedge fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAfter campaigning with lots of populist and anti-Wall Street rhetoric, Donald Trump is seriously considering a veteran Wall Street financier, Steve Mnuchin, to be his Treasury secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mnuchin spent 17 years at Goldman Sachs, ultimately as a partner at the investment bank. More recently, he's headed a privately owned hedge fund, Dune Capital Management. Last April he became Trump's chief fundraiser, and he's now a member of the president-elect's transition team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mnuchin's resume also includes a stint as chairman and CEO of a California bank that's been called a foreclosure machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the depths of the financial crisis, Mnuchin was looking to make profits from the ruins of the housing bust. In 2009, he put together a group of billionaire investors and bought a failed California-based bank, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=92489065\">IndyMac\u003c/a>. It had been taken over by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. after its sketchy mortgage loans went bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mnuchin and his partners bought IndyMac on the condition that the FDIC agree to pay future losses above a certain threshold. They renamed the bank OneWest Bank and, after running it for 6 years, they sold it last year for a profit, estimated at close to $1.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Stein of the California Reinvestment Coalition, a housing advocacy group, says that profit was made on the backs of suffering California homeowners. \"In essence what they did is they bought a foreclosure machine,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/503755613/503766919\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the coalition, OneWest foreclosed on more than 36,000 homeowners under Mnuchin. During that time, the FDIC made payments to OneWest totaling more $1 billion. Those payments went to the \"billionaire investors of OneWest Bank,\" says Stein, \"to cover the cost of foreclosing on working-class, everyday, American folks,\" many of whom lived in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rex Schaffer, 86, and his wife Rose were among those who lost their homes, in a OneWest foreclosure. After living nearly 50 years in their home in La Puente, Calif., the Schaffers took a home equity loan but struggled to make the payments. They say they qualified three times for a government assisted modification, but OneWest failed to modify the loan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a disaster dealing with those people,\" Rex Shaffer says. \"We'd have a different person every time we called in.\" He counted 33 OneWest employees, in all, and each one would give him \"a different story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing threats that their home would be auctioned off, the Schaffers finally got through to a OneWest vice president. According to Rex Shaffer, the VP said, \"I'm going to get you a 60-day extension on the sale date, so we can work this thing out.\" That was on Feb. 17, 2011. But the next day, the Schaffers' house was sold without their knowledge. \"We didn't even know it — didn't have the faintest idea,\" Rex Shaffer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They voted for Donald Trump, but Rose Schaffer says they're praying he doesn't choose Mnuchin as his Treasury secretary. \"If he can't run his own little bank,\" she asks, \"how can he handle a large thing for the United States?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Americans were foreclosed on after the financial crisis; some were duped by real estate agents and bankers, others took imprudent risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is important to note that Mnuchin and his partners bought a bank from the government that was already in trouble because of bad loans. But Stein, of the California Reinvestment Coalition, argues that Trump's message was that his presidency would rescue working families and the forgotten middle class. Stein says Mnuchin's actions run counter to the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Mnuchin oversaw a bank that created difficulties and financial ruin for tens of thousands of families,\" Stein says. Stein and his organization have also charged that, under Mnuchin, OneWest illegally avoided serving minority communities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite NPR's repeated requests for comment, Mnuchin did not provide a response. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Worries About Health Insurance Cross Political Boundaries",
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"content": "\u003cp>This month's election results could have big implications for those who now have insurance because of the Affordable Care Act — either through the exchanges or Medicaid expansion. President-elect Trump and Republicans in Congress have made it clear they want to scrap the law, but it's unclear what may replace it. That gap between repeal and replacement has left many unsure of what will happen with their medical care. We have these reports from around the country from people who could be affected by changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Little Lula's Preexisting Condition Is Cancer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you stop by Julep, a Kansas City, Missouri, bar and restaurant, you might catch a glimpse of Lula — the blond, blue-eyed toddler daughter of the owners, Keely Edgington and Beau Williams. They let her inspect the customers a bit before the place gets too busy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She likes to go out there and essentially just stare everybody down and smile at them,\" Edgington says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's so smiley you'd never guess how much she's been through in her short life. \"She happens to have \u003ca href=\"http://www.cancer.org/cancer/neuroblastoma/detailedguide/neuroblastoma-staging\">4S non-amplified neuroblastoma\u003c/a>,\" Edgington says. It's a cancer in her adrenal gland that doctors discovered when Lula was 9 months old. She needed emergency surgery because of the size and location of the tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost was enormous. Edgington says she stopped looking at bills after they topped $350,000, and that was before the surgery. The vast majority of the cost was paid for through the insurance the family gets through HealthCare.gov, the federal health insurance marketplace created under the Affordable Care Act. They say, as small business owners, the exchange and subsidies they received because of the law were their only way they could get covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with coverage, the family was still on the hook for $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lula has responded well to the treatment. She's been in remission for a few months, but the family still faces high medical costs. At a minimum, Lula will need intensive, expensive screenings and scans for a few years, then she'll have to be monitored for health conditions that might come up as a result of chemotherapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the election, the family says they've been on eggshells waiting to see what will happen with their insurance. They fear possibly losing subsidies. And, before the Affordable Care Act insurance companies could deny coverage to people with preexisting medical conditions like Lula's, and the companies could set lifetime limits on the amount they'd pay for someone's care. Insurers could also take into account an individual's health history, so that someone with a chronic disease might pay many times more than a healthier person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family has been thinking about how they might cope with huge medical or insurance costs that might come if Obamacare is repealed. They've pondered a second mortgage, selling their business or even more desperate measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do we have to move to Canada and hope we get coverage there? That's really extreme, but what wouldn't you do for your child's life?\" says Edgington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said he'd make sure insurance companies couldn't deny coverage to a person with a preexisting condition, but he has provided no formal plan, and much of what happens next is in Congress's hands. Insurance and legal analysts are also unclear about what will happen, although most think the biggest changes probably wouldn't go into effect until at least 2018. — \u003cem>Alex Smith, KCUR, Kansas City, Missouri\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obamacare Choices Are Dwindling For Some \u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Cluck and his wife Nancy live in Edwardsville, Illinois, just outside St. Louis. Cluck, 62, and his wife, Nancy, 58, bought insurance through HealthCare.gov in 2015, and it, \"actually saved us $300 a month, and we were really happy with it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two providers, including his own insurer, Coventry, dropped out of the health insurance exchange in his county and two adjacent ones for 2017. There's now just one choice there: Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Premiums were not that bad. Deductibles were not that bad,\" Cluck says of Blue Cross. \"But the problem was, they would not cover any doctors or hospital stays on the Missouri side of the river.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cluck had prostate cancer. He is now free of cancer, but he still needs regular checkups and he fears the cancer may return. It takes him about 30 minutes to drive to oncology appointments now, but the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/07/16/331419293/patients-with-low-cost-insurance-struggle-to-find-specialists\">in-network providers\u003c/a> Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois shows in its directory are farther away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's where the problem came in. Because all of my cancer doctors, and Siteman Cancer Center, are in St. Louis, Missouri,\" Cluck says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Cluck, it's a frustrating display of flaws in the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was not supposed to happen,\" he says. \"When they put the Affordable Care Act in place, we were promised we could keep our doctors. We were promised it would cost $2,500 less than what we were currently paying. And nothing's come true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 8, when faced with a choice between Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, he voted for the Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For a lot of reasons, not just Obamacare,\" he says. But while he hopes that there's a good replacement plan ready for any changes to Obamacare, he's is frustrated by the insurance companies' narrow networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't understand why, when the health care companies are recording record profits that they're not staying in the Affordable Care Act. That's the one thing that just boggles my mind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, he hopes Trump follows through on his promise to repeal and replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of things they need to fix, because there's a lot of people who are reliant upon medical care and health care. I think this should really be fixing, dismantling--however you want to call it--the Affordable Care Act, I think that needs to really be a priority for the new administration.\" — \u003cem>Durrie Bouscaren, St. Louis Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fears About Losing Insurance Limited Job Options\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leigh Kvetko, 46, of Dallas, has to take 10 medications twice a day because she's had two organ transplants to replace her pancreas and kidney in 2003. Several of the pills she takes cost nearly $1,000 each per month. For years, Kvetko stuck with a job she hated in large part because it offered health insurance. When the Affordable Care Act passed, insurers could no longer discriminate against people like Kvetko, who have diagnosed health problems, and she and her husband finally felt free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It gave me hope and [my husband and I] decided to sell our house, to downsize, and to start our own businesses and start a new chapter of our lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this new chapter, Kvetko is retail manager at a busy Dallas coffee shop. She struts through the store in cowboy boots, her long red hair framing green-speckled eyes. She looks happy — and healthy. But her pancreas is failing, and she's terrified about President-elect Trump's promise to dismantle the Affordable Care Act. She fears it will put health care out of reach for her, and another \u003ca href=\"http://keranews.org/post/about-12-million-texans-signed-through-health-exchange\">1.2 million Texans\u003c/a> who rely on subsidized plans. — \u003cem>Lauren Silverman, KERA, Dallas.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These reports come to us as part of a partnership with NPR, local member stations and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Worries+About+Health+Insurance+Cross+Political+Boundaries&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Many people who are grateful for Obamacare are also frustrated by it. Three voters in three states weigh in about their hopes and fears for the Affordable Care Act under a Trump administration.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This month's election results could have big implications for those who now have insurance because of the Affordable Care Act — either through the exchanges or Medicaid expansion. President-elect Trump and Republicans in Congress have made it clear they want to scrap the law, but it's unclear what may replace it. That gap between repeal and replacement has left many unsure of what will happen with their medical care. We have these reports from around the country from people who could be affected by changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Little Lula's Preexisting Condition Is Cancer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you stop by Julep, a Kansas City, Missouri, bar and restaurant, you might catch a glimpse of Lula — the blond, blue-eyed toddler daughter of the owners, Keely Edgington and Beau Williams. They let her inspect the customers a bit before the place gets too busy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She likes to go out there and essentially just stare everybody down and smile at them,\" Edgington says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's so smiley you'd never guess how much she's been through in her short life. \"She happens to have \u003ca href=\"http://www.cancer.org/cancer/neuroblastoma/detailedguide/neuroblastoma-staging\">4S non-amplified neuroblastoma\u003c/a>,\" Edgington says. It's a cancer in her adrenal gland that doctors discovered when Lula was 9 months old. She needed emergency surgery because of the size and location of the tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost was enormous. Edgington says she stopped looking at bills after they topped $350,000, and that was before the surgery. The vast majority of the cost was paid for through the insurance the family gets through HealthCare.gov, the federal health insurance marketplace created under the Affordable Care Act. They say, as small business owners, the exchange and subsidies they received because of the law were their only way they could get covered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with coverage, the family was still on the hook for $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lula has responded well to the treatment. She's been in remission for a few months, but the family still faces high medical costs. At a minimum, Lula will need intensive, expensive screenings and scans for a few years, then she'll have to be monitored for health conditions that might come up as a result of chemotherapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the election, the family says they've been on eggshells waiting to see what will happen with their insurance. They fear possibly losing subsidies. And, before the Affordable Care Act insurance companies could deny coverage to people with preexisting medical conditions like Lula's, and the companies could set lifetime limits on the amount they'd pay for someone's care. Insurers could also take into account an individual's health history, so that someone with a chronic disease might pay many times more than a healthier person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family has been thinking about how they might cope with huge medical or insurance costs that might come if Obamacare is repealed. They've pondered a second mortgage, selling their business or even more desperate measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do we have to move to Canada and hope we get coverage there? That's really extreme, but what wouldn't you do for your child's life?\" says Edgington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said he'd make sure insurance companies couldn't deny coverage to a person with a preexisting condition, but he has provided no formal plan, and much of what happens next is in Congress's hands. Insurance and legal analysts are also unclear about what will happen, although most think the biggest changes probably wouldn't go into effect until at least 2018. — \u003cem>Alex Smith, KCUR, Kansas City, Missouri\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obamacare Choices Are Dwindling For Some \u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Cluck and his wife Nancy live in Edwardsville, Illinois, just outside St. Louis. Cluck, 62, and his wife, Nancy, 58, bought insurance through HealthCare.gov in 2015, and it, \"actually saved us $300 a month, and we were really happy with it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But two providers, including his own insurer, Coventry, dropped out of the health insurance exchange in his county and two adjacent ones for 2017. There's now just one choice there: Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Premiums were not that bad. Deductibles were not that bad,\" Cluck says of Blue Cross. \"But the problem was, they would not cover any doctors or hospital stays on the Missouri side of the river.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cluck had prostate cancer. He is now free of cancer, but he still needs regular checkups and he fears the cancer may return. It takes him about 30 minutes to drive to oncology appointments now, but the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/07/16/331419293/patients-with-low-cost-insurance-struggle-to-find-specialists\">in-network providers\u003c/a> Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois shows in its directory are farther away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's where the problem came in. Because all of my cancer doctors, and Siteman Cancer Center, are in St. Louis, Missouri,\" Cluck says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Cluck, it's a frustrating display of flaws in the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was not supposed to happen,\" he says. \"When they put the Affordable Care Act in place, we were promised we could keep our doctors. We were promised it would cost $2,500 less than what we were currently paying. And nothing's come true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 8, when faced with a choice between Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, he voted for the Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For a lot of reasons, not just Obamacare,\" he says. But while he hopes that there's a good replacement plan ready for any changes to Obamacare, he's is frustrated by the insurance companies' narrow networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't understand why, when the health care companies are recording record profits that they're not staying in the Affordable Care Act. That's the one thing that just boggles my mind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, he hopes Trump follows through on his promise to repeal and replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of things they need to fix, because there's a lot of people who are reliant upon medical care and health care. I think this should really be fixing, dismantling--however you want to call it--the Affordable Care Act, I think that needs to really be a priority for the new administration.\" — \u003cem>Durrie Bouscaren, St. Louis Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fears About Losing Insurance Limited Job Options\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leigh Kvetko, 46, of Dallas, has to take 10 medications twice a day because she's had two organ transplants to replace her pancreas and kidney in 2003. Several of the pills she takes cost nearly $1,000 each per month. For years, Kvetko stuck with a job she hated in large part because it offered health insurance. When the Affordable Care Act passed, insurers could no longer discriminate against people like Kvetko, who have diagnosed health problems, and she and her husband finally felt free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It gave me hope and [my husband and I] decided to sell our house, to downsize, and to start our own businesses and start a new chapter of our lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this new chapter, Kvetko is retail manager at a busy Dallas coffee shop. She struts through the store in cowboy boots, her long red hair framing green-speckled eyes. She looks happy — and healthy. But her pancreas is failing, and she's terrified about President-elect Trump's promise to dismantle the Affordable Care Act. She fears it will put health care out of reach for her, and another \u003ca href=\"http://keranews.org/post/about-12-million-texans-signed-through-health-exchange\">1.2 million Texans\u003c/a> who rely on subsidized plans. — \u003cem>Lauren Silverman, KERA, Dallas.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These reports come to us as part of a partnership with NPR, local member stations and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Worries+About+Health+Insurance+Cross+Political+Boundaries&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "NPR Reporter Tracked Down a Fake-News Creator; Here's What She Learned",
"title": "NPR Reporter Tracked Down a Fake-News Creator; Here's What She Learned",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>A lot of fake and misleading news stories were shared across social media during the election. One that got a lot of traffic had the headline: \"FBI Agent Suspected In Hillary Email Leaks Found Dead In Apparent Murder-Suicide.\" The story is \u003ca href=\"http://www.snopes.com/fbi-agent-murder-suicide/\" target=\"_blank\">completely false\u003c/a>, but it was shared on Facebook over half a million times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We wondered who was behind that story and why it was written. It appeared on a site that had the look and feel of a local newspaper. Denverguardian.com even had the local weather. But it only had one news story -- the fake one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We tried to look up who owned it and hit a wall. The site was registered anonymously. So, we brought in some professional help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By day, John Jansen is head of engineering at Master-McNeil Inc., a tech company in Berkeley. In the interest of real news he helped us track down the owner of Denverguardian.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jansen started by looking at the site's history. \"Commonly that's called scraping or crawling websites,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jansen is kind of like an archaeologist. He says that nothing you do on the Web disappears -- it just gets buried -- like a fossil. But if you do some digging, you'll find those fossils and learn a lot of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Denver Guardian was built and designed using a pretty common platform -- WordPress. It's used by bloggers and people who want to create their own websites. Jansen found the first entry ever for the site was done by someone with the handle LetTexasSecede.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was sort of the thread that started to unravel everything,\" Jansen says. \"I was able to track that through to a bunch of other sites, which are where that handle is also present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites include \u003ca href=\"http://nationalreport.net/\" target=\"_blank\">NationalReport.net\u003c/a>, USAToday.com.co, WashingtonPost.com.co. All the addresses linked to a single rented server inside Amazon Web Services. That meant they were all likely owned by the same company. Jansen found an email address on one of those sites and he was able to link that address to a name: Jestin Coler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online, Coler was listed as the founder and CEO of a company called Disinfomedia. Coler's LinkedIn profile said he once sold magazine subscriptions, worked as a database administrator, and as a freelance writer for, among others, \u003cem>International Yachtsman \u003c/em>magazine. And, using his name, we found a home address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a warm, sunny afternoon I set out with a producer for a suburb of Los Angeles. Coler lived in a middle-class neighborhood of pastel-colored one-story beach bungalows. His home had an unwatered lawn -- probably the result of California's ongoing drought. There was a black minivan in the driveway and a large prominent American flag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We rang the front doorbell and a man answered, his face obscured by a heavy mesh steel screen. I asked for Jestin Coler. The man indicated that's who he was. But when I asked about Disinfomedia, he said, \"I don't know what to tell you guys. Have a good day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We left Coler our contact information, thinking he wasn't likely to talk. But a couple of hours later he had a change of heart. He sent us an email and we set up an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler is a soft-spoken 40-year-old with a wife and two kids. He says he got into fake news around 2013 to highlight the extremism of the white nationalist alt-right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole idea from the start was to build a site that could kind of infiltrate the echo chambers of the alt-right, publish blatantly fictional stories and then be able to publicly denounce those stories and point out the fact that they were fiction,\" Coler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was amazed at how quickly fake news could spread and how easily people believe it. He wrote one fake story for NationalReport.net about how customers in Colorado marijuana shops were \u003ca href=\"http://nationalreport.net/colorado-pot-shop-accept-food-stamps-taxpayer-funded-marijuana/\" target=\"_blank\">using food stamps to buy pot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What that turned into was a state representative in the House in Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://www.denverpost.com/2014/01/14/fake-report-about-colorado-pot-shops-food-stamps-creates-havoc/\" target=\"_blank\">proposing actual legislation\u003c/a> to prevent people from using their food stamps to buy marijuana, based on something that had just never happened,\" Coler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the runup to the presidential election, fake news really took off. \"It was just anybody with a blog can get on there and find a big, huge Facebook group of kind of rabid Trump supporters just waiting to eat up this red meat that they're about to get served,\" Coler says. \"It caused an explosion in the number of sites. I mean, my gosh, the number of just fake accounts on Facebook exploded during the Trump election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says his writers have tried to write fake news for liberals -- but they just never take the bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler's company, Disinfomedia, owns many faux news sites -- he won't say how many. But he says his is one of the biggest fake news businesses out there, which makes him kind of like a godfather of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At any given time Coler says he's got between 20 and 25 writers. And it was one of them that wrote the story in the Denver Guardian that an FBI agent who leaked Clinton emails was killed. Coler says that over 10 days the site got 1.6 million views. He says stories like this work because they fit into existing right-wing conspiracy theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people wanted to hear this,\" he says. \"So all it took was to write that story. Everything about it was fictional: the town, the people, the sheriff, the FBI guy. And then ... our social media guys kind of go out and do a little dropping it throughout Trump groups and Trump forums, and boy it spread like wildfire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the stories spread, Coler makes money from the ads on his websites. He wouldn't give exact figures, but he says stories about other fake news proprietors making between $10,000 and $30,000 a month apply to him. Coler fits into a pattern of other faux news sites that make good money, especially by targeting Trump supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Coler insists this is not about money. It's about showing how easily fake news spreads. And fake news spread wide and far before the election. When I pointed out to Coler that the money gave him a lot of incentive to keep doing it regardless of the impact, he admitted that was \"correct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says he has tried to shine a light on the problem of fake news. He has spoken to the media about it. But those organizations didn't know who he actually was. He gave them a fake name: Allen Montgomery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler, a registered Democrat, says he has no regrets about his fake news empire. He doesn't think fake news swayed the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are many factors as to why Trump won that don't involve fake news,\" he says. \"As much as I like Hillary, she was a poor candidate. She brought in a lot of baggage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler doesn't think fake news is going away. One of his sites -- NationalReport.net -- was flagged as fake news under a new Google policy, and Google stopped running ads on it. But Coler had other options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are literally hundreds of ad networks,\" he says. \"Early last week, my inbox was just filled every day with people because they knew that Google was cracking down -- hundreds of people wanting to work with my sites.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says he's been talking it over with his wife and he may be getting out of the fake news racket. But, he says, dozens, maybe hundreds of entrepreneurs will be ready to take his place. And he thinks it will only get harder to tell their websites from real news sites. They know now that fake news sells and they will only be in it for the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are highlights of NPR's interview with Jestin Coler.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Interview Highlights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tell me a little about why you started Disinfomedia?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late 2012, early 2013 I was spending a lot of time researching what is now being referred to as the alt-right. I identified a problem with the news that they were spreading and created Disinfomedia as a response to that. The whole idea from the start was to build a site that could infiltrate the echo chambers of the alt-right, publish blatantly false or fictional stories, and then be able to publicly denounce those stories and point out the fact that they were fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What got you engaged in this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My educational background is in political science. I've always enjoyed the ideas of propaganda and misinformation. Then I coupled that with an interest in what makes things go viral. So that led me to finding those groups and ultimately to finding contributors. But it was just something I had an interest in that I wanted to pursue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When did you notice that fake news does best with Trump supporters?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well this isn't just a Trump supporter problem. This is a right-wing issue. Sarah Palin's famous blasting of the lame-stream media is kind of record and testament to the rise of these kinds of people. The post-fact era is what I would refer to it as. This isn't something that started with Trump. This is something that's been in the works for a while. His whole campaign was this thing of discrediting mainstream media sources, which is one of those dog whistles to his supporters. When we were coming up with headlines it's always kind of about the red meat. Trump really got into the red meat. He knew who his base was. He knew how to feed them a constant diet of this red meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've tried to do similar things to liberals. It just has never worked, it never takes off. You'll get debunked within the first two comments and then the whole thing just kind of fizzles out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many domains do you own and run?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I would say there's somewhere around 25 domains that I am currently managing. National Report has been my bread and butter, where I've spent most of my time. I have people who work with me and for me in developing and maintaining the other sites and social media kind of stuff. (Coler later said not all his sites are fake news.) So I, for the most part, focus on National Report, and a lot of the other stuff is run by other folks on the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So, you're the publisher of an empire. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I wouldn't go so far as to call it an empire but, yes, it's several sites (chuckle).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people do you have writing for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes and goes, and as for actual employed writers, again these guys sort of make their own money through ad code. So I don't say, 'Hey, you have to write 10 stories this week' and this and that. Really, we have a more free-form idea where people, when their creativity strikes them, then they can write something. And if they're in a slump then they just go dormant for a while. With that said, at any given time there's probably 20, 25 contributors all over the country. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk about the Denver Guardian.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it's kind of as a side project. We have some people working on next steps in the fake news industry, and that came from that whole discussion. We had purchased several domain names that sounded legitimate. ... More local news sort of stories. The idea was to make the sites look as legit as possible so the home page is going to be local news and local forecast, local sports, some obituaries and things of that nature, and then the actual fake news stories were going to be buried off the homepage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've tried lots of things in the past. The dot-com dot co domains were something I toyed in for a while. Those I quickly got away from because you don't get away long with borrowing someone's copyright or trademark. That was something that worked very well from a fake news perspective. People were fooled into the domain name, but that wasn't so much what we were after. So again, the next step was to go after more city-type sites. And the Denver Guardian was one of those sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You're talking about the future of this (fake news business), which looks more insidious because it's more real? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the way that it's going to be. Not just from where I am. I mean this is probably going to be my last run in the fake news biz, but I can promise you that it's not going to go away. It's even going to grow bigger and it's going to be harder to identify as it kind of evolves through these steps. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you know who wrote the actual FBI Clinton story?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I do know who wrote the story, but only through an anonymous pen name. Privacy is something that we take very seriously in our writers' group. The actual reasonings behind that story ... it's one of hundreds that have been written about mysterious deaths of Clinton associates or political foes. This one kind of took off more than others, I believe, just because of the nature of the story. The people wanted to hear this. So all it took was to write that story. Everything about it was fictional. The town, the people, the sheriff, the FBI guy. Then, we had our social media guys kind of go out and do a little dropping it throughout Trump groups and Trump forums, and boy it spread like wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why hide your identity? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn't the safest business to be in, to be honest. Just the number of death threats I've received. I have a beautiful family, a beautiful life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these people that we ... bait is probably the right word -- are often -- let's call them the deplorables, right? They're not the safest crowd. Some of them I would consider domestic terrorists. So they're just not people that I want to be knocking on my door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It seems like National Report is getting spoofier. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you went to National Report today, it's specifically satire. \"Chris Christie nominated to Supreme Food Court.\" \"Sarah Palin Banning Muslims from Entering Bristol Palin.\" They're a little bit more offensive than some people care for their satire. I mean fat shaming and slut shaming isn't something that is normally met with applause. But again, it's a lot more fun in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you make serious money?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It depends on what you would call serious money. I think I do pretty well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you say how well?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would rather not. There have been some people who have been reported on recently. The folks in Long Beach that were doing just all-right stuff. They were reporting $10,000 to $30,000 a month. I think that's probably a relative ballpark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So you're doing as well as those?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You're making money through the ads?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who do you work with?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have several advertisers. Google was one, although they shut down my account last week. We've replaced them with other advertisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can I ask who?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are literally hundreds of ad networks. Literally hundreds. Last week my inbox was just filled every day with people, because they knew that Google was cracking down — hundreds of people wanting to work with my sites. I kind of applaud Google for their steps, although I think what they're doing is kind of random. They don't really have a process in place for identifying these things. I happen to know a very successful site that, as of today, of this morning is still serving Google ads. So it seems to be a kind of arbitrary step that they're taking either based on, I don't know if it was my reputation within the industry or specifically the Denver Guardian site that angered them, or I don't know what it is, but back to your question, there's hundreds of people that will work with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can be done about fake news? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of this has to fall on the readers themselves. The consumers of content have to be better at identifying this stuff. We have a whole nation of media-illiterate people. Really, there needs to be something done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you consider yourself an entrepreneur?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you one of the biggest in the fake news biz?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at someone who has specifically sometimes peddled in fictional news, then I think that I would probably be considered one of the larger sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>As a liberal, do you have any regrets?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don't. Again, this is something that I've been crying about for a while. But outside of that, there are many factors as to why Trump won that don't involve fake news, right? As much as I like Hillary, she was a poor candidate. She brought in a lot of baggage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You don't feel responsible.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you think you would have kept doing it if it wasn't so lucrative?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really the financial part of it isn't the only motivator for me. I do enjoy making a mess of the people that share the content that comes out of our site. It's not just the financial incentive for me. I still enjoy the game, I guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Would you do this all over again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I guess it came to a head here and we're talking about it. It'll be interesting to see what happens moving forward. If I had to, if I knew specifically the Denver Guardian situation, that would have been handled differently. But everything else, as far as the work I've done with National Report, I'm very proud of, and I'm going to continue doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A lot of fake and misleading news stories were shared across social media during the election. One that got a lot of traffic had the headline: \"FBI Agent Suspected In Hillary Email Leaks Found Dead In Apparent Murder-Suicide.\" The story is \u003ca href=\"http://www.snopes.com/fbi-agent-murder-suicide/\" target=\"_blank\">completely false\u003c/a>, but it was shared on Facebook over half a million times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We wondered who was behind that story and why it was written. It appeared on a site that had the look and feel of a local newspaper. Denverguardian.com even had the local weather. But it only had one news story -- the fake one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We tried to look up who owned it and hit a wall. The site was registered anonymously. So, we brought in some professional help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By day, John Jansen is head of engineering at Master-McNeil Inc., a tech company in Berkeley. In the interest of real news he helped us track down the owner of Denverguardian.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jansen started by looking at the site's history. \"Commonly that's called scraping or crawling websites,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jansen is kind of like an archaeologist. He says that nothing you do on the Web disappears -- it just gets buried -- like a fossil. But if you do some digging, you'll find those fossils and learn a lot of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Denver Guardian was built and designed using a pretty common platform -- WordPress. It's used by bloggers and people who want to create their own websites. Jansen found the first entry ever for the site was done by someone with the handle LetTexasSecede.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was sort of the thread that started to unravel everything,\" Jansen says. \"I was able to track that through to a bunch of other sites, which are where that handle is also present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites include \u003ca href=\"http://nationalreport.net/\" target=\"_blank\">NationalReport.net\u003c/a>, USAToday.com.co, WashingtonPost.com.co. All the addresses linked to a single rented server inside Amazon Web Services. That meant they were all likely owned by the same company. Jansen found an email address on one of those sites and he was able to link that address to a name: Jestin Coler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online, Coler was listed as the founder and CEO of a company called Disinfomedia. Coler's LinkedIn profile said he once sold magazine subscriptions, worked as a database administrator, and as a freelance writer for, among others, \u003cem>International Yachtsman \u003c/em>magazine. And, using his name, we found a home address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a warm, sunny afternoon I set out with a producer for a suburb of Los Angeles. Coler lived in a middle-class neighborhood of pastel-colored one-story beach bungalows. His home had an unwatered lawn -- probably the result of California's ongoing drought. There was a black minivan in the driveway and a large prominent American flag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We rang the front doorbell and a man answered, his face obscured by a heavy mesh steel screen. I asked for Jestin Coler. The man indicated that's who he was. But when I asked about Disinfomedia, he said, \"I don't know what to tell you guys. Have a good day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We left Coler our contact information, thinking he wasn't likely to talk. But a couple of hours later he had a change of heart. He sent us an email and we set up an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler is a soft-spoken 40-year-old with a wife and two kids. He says he got into fake news around 2013 to highlight the extremism of the white nationalist alt-right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole idea from the start was to build a site that could kind of infiltrate the echo chambers of the alt-right, publish blatantly fictional stories and then be able to publicly denounce those stories and point out the fact that they were fiction,\" Coler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was amazed at how quickly fake news could spread and how easily people believe it. He wrote one fake story for NationalReport.net about how customers in Colorado marijuana shops were \u003ca href=\"http://nationalreport.net/colorado-pot-shop-accept-food-stamps-taxpayer-funded-marijuana/\" target=\"_blank\">using food stamps to buy pot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What that turned into was a state representative in the House in Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://www.denverpost.com/2014/01/14/fake-report-about-colorado-pot-shops-food-stamps-creates-havoc/\" target=\"_blank\">proposing actual legislation\u003c/a> to prevent people from using their food stamps to buy marijuana, based on something that had just never happened,\" Coler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the runup to the presidential election, fake news really took off. \"It was just anybody with a blog can get on there and find a big, huge Facebook group of kind of rabid Trump supporters just waiting to eat up this red meat that they're about to get served,\" Coler says. \"It caused an explosion in the number of sites. I mean, my gosh, the number of just fake accounts on Facebook exploded during the Trump election.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says his writers have tried to write fake news for liberals -- but they just never take the bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler's company, Disinfomedia, owns many faux news sites -- he won't say how many. But he says his is one of the biggest fake news businesses out there, which makes him kind of like a godfather of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At any given time Coler says he's got between 20 and 25 writers. And it was one of them that wrote the story in the Denver Guardian that an FBI agent who leaked Clinton emails was killed. Coler says that over 10 days the site got 1.6 million views. He says stories like this work because they fit into existing right-wing conspiracy theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The people wanted to hear this,\" he says. \"So all it took was to write that story. Everything about it was fictional: the town, the people, the sheriff, the FBI guy. And then ... our social media guys kind of go out and do a little dropping it throughout Trump groups and Trump forums, and boy it spread like wildfire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the stories spread, Coler makes money from the ads on his websites. He wouldn't give exact figures, but he says stories about other fake news proprietors making between $10,000 and $30,000 a month apply to him. Coler fits into a pattern of other faux news sites that make good money, especially by targeting Trump supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Coler insists this is not about money. It's about showing how easily fake news spreads. And fake news spread wide and far before the election. When I pointed out to Coler that the money gave him a lot of incentive to keep doing it regardless of the impact, he admitted that was \"correct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says he has tried to shine a light on the problem of fake news. He has spoken to the media about it. But those organizations didn't know who he actually was. He gave them a fake name: Allen Montgomery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler, a registered Democrat, says he has no regrets about his fake news empire. He doesn't think fake news swayed the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are many factors as to why Trump won that don't involve fake news,\" he says. \"As much as I like Hillary, she was a poor candidate. She brought in a lot of baggage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler doesn't think fake news is going away. One of his sites -- NationalReport.net -- was flagged as fake news under a new Google policy, and Google stopped running ads on it. But Coler had other options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are literally hundreds of ad networks,\" he says. \"Early last week, my inbox was just filled every day with people because they knew that Google was cracking down -- hundreds of people wanting to work with my sites.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coler says he's been talking it over with his wife and he may be getting out of the fake news racket. But, he says, dozens, maybe hundreds of entrepreneurs will be ready to take his place. And he thinks it will only get harder to tell their websites from real news sites. They know now that fake news sells and they will only be in it for the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are highlights of NPR's interview with Jestin Coler.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Interview Highlights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tell me a little about why you started Disinfomedia?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late 2012, early 2013 I was spending a lot of time researching what is now being referred to as the alt-right. I identified a problem with the news that they were spreading and created Disinfomedia as a response to that. The whole idea from the start was to build a site that could infiltrate the echo chambers of the alt-right, publish blatantly false or fictional stories, and then be able to publicly denounce those stories and point out the fact that they were fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What got you engaged in this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My educational background is in political science. I've always enjoyed the ideas of propaganda and misinformation. Then I coupled that with an interest in what makes things go viral. So that led me to finding those groups and ultimately to finding contributors. But it was just something I had an interest in that I wanted to pursue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When did you notice that fake news does best with Trump supporters?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well this isn't just a Trump supporter problem. This is a right-wing issue. Sarah Palin's famous blasting of the lame-stream media is kind of record and testament to the rise of these kinds of people. The post-fact era is what I would refer to it as. This isn't something that started with Trump. This is something that's been in the works for a while. His whole campaign was this thing of discrediting mainstream media sources, which is one of those dog whistles to his supporters. When we were coming up with headlines it's always kind of about the red meat. Trump really got into the red meat. He knew who his base was. He knew how to feed them a constant diet of this red meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've tried to do similar things to liberals. It just has never worked, it never takes off. You'll get debunked within the first two comments and then the whole thing just kind of fizzles out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many domains do you own and run?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I would say there's somewhere around 25 domains that I am currently managing. National Report has been my bread and butter, where I've spent most of my time. I have people who work with me and for me in developing and maintaining the other sites and social media kind of stuff. (Coler later said not all his sites are fake news.) So I, for the most part, focus on National Report, and a lot of the other stuff is run by other folks on the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So, you're the publisher of an empire. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I wouldn't go so far as to call it an empire but, yes, it's several sites (chuckle).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people do you have writing for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes and goes, and as for actual employed writers, again these guys sort of make their own money through ad code. So I don't say, 'Hey, you have to write 10 stories this week' and this and that. Really, we have a more free-form idea where people, when their creativity strikes them, then they can write something. And if they're in a slump then they just go dormant for a while. With that said, at any given time there's probably 20, 25 contributors all over the country. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk about the Denver Guardian.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, it's kind of as a side project. We have some people working on next steps in the fake news industry, and that came from that whole discussion. We had purchased several domain names that sounded legitimate. ... More local news sort of stories. The idea was to make the sites look as legit as possible so the home page is going to be local news and local forecast, local sports, some obituaries and things of that nature, and then the actual fake news stories were going to be buried off the homepage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've tried lots of things in the past. The dot-com dot co domains were something I toyed in for a while. Those I quickly got away from because you don't get away long with borrowing someone's copyright or trademark. That was something that worked very well from a fake news perspective. People were fooled into the domain name, but that wasn't so much what we were after. So again, the next step was to go after more city-type sites. And the Denver Guardian was one of those sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You're talking about the future of this (fake news business), which looks more insidious because it's more real? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the way that it's going to be. Not just from where I am. I mean this is probably going to be my last run in the fake news biz, but I can promise you that it's not going to go away. It's even going to grow bigger and it's going to be harder to identify as it kind of evolves through these steps. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you know who wrote the actual FBI Clinton story?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I do know who wrote the story, but only through an anonymous pen name. Privacy is something that we take very seriously in our writers' group. The actual reasonings behind that story ... it's one of hundreds that have been written about mysterious deaths of Clinton associates or political foes. This one kind of took off more than others, I believe, just because of the nature of the story. The people wanted to hear this. So all it took was to write that story. Everything about it was fictional. The town, the people, the sheriff, the FBI guy. Then, we had our social media guys kind of go out and do a little dropping it throughout Trump groups and Trump forums, and boy it spread like wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why hide your identity? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn't the safest business to be in, to be honest. Just the number of death threats I've received. I have a beautiful family, a beautiful life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these people that we ... bait is probably the right word -- are often -- let's call them the deplorables, right? They're not the safest crowd. Some of them I would consider domestic terrorists. So they're just not people that I want to be knocking on my door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It seems like National Report is getting spoofier. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you went to National Report today, it's specifically satire. \"Chris Christie nominated to Supreme Food Court.\" \"Sarah Palin Banning Muslims from Entering Bristol Palin.\" They're a little bit more offensive than some people care for their satire. I mean fat shaming and slut shaming isn't something that is normally met with applause. But again, it's a lot more fun in nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you make serious money?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It depends on what you would call serious money. I think I do pretty well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you say how well?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would rather not. There have been some people who have been reported on recently. The folks in Long Beach that were doing just all-right stuff. They were reporting $10,000 to $30,000 a month. I think that's probably a relative ballpark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So you're doing as well as those?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You're making money through the ads?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who do you work with?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have several advertisers. Google was one, although they shut down my account last week. We've replaced them with other advertisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can I ask who?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are literally hundreds of ad networks. Literally hundreds. Last week my inbox was just filled every day with people, because they knew that Google was cracking down — hundreds of people wanting to work with my sites. I kind of applaud Google for their steps, although I think what they're doing is kind of random. They don't really have a process in place for identifying these things. I happen to know a very successful site that, as of today, of this morning is still serving Google ads. So it seems to be a kind of arbitrary step that they're taking either based on, I don't know if it was my reputation within the industry or specifically the Denver Guardian site that angered them, or I don't know what it is, but back to your question, there's hundreds of people that will work with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can be done about fake news? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of this has to fall on the readers themselves. The consumers of content have to be better at identifying this stuff. We have a whole nation of media-illiterate people. Really, there needs to be something done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you consider yourself an entrepreneur?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you one of the biggest in the fake news biz?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at someone who has specifically sometimes peddled in fictional news, then I think that I would probably be considered one of the larger sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>As a liberal, do you have any regrets?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don't. Again, this is something that I've been crying about for a while. But outside of that, there are many factors as to why Trump won that don't involve fake news, right? As much as I like Hillary, she was a poor candidate. She brought in a lot of baggage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You don't feel responsible.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you think you would have kept doing it if it wasn't so lucrative?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really the financial part of it isn't the only motivator for me. I do enjoy making a mess of the people that share the content that comes out of our site. It's not just the financial incentive for me. I still enjoy the game, I guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Would you do this all over again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I guess it came to a head here and we're talking about it. It'll be interesting to see what happens moving forward. If I had to, if I knew specifically the Denver Guardian situation, that would have been handled differently. But everything else, as far as the work I've done with National Report, I'm very proud of, and I'm going to continue doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
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