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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump signed two directives on Friday, ordering a review of financial industry regulations known as Dodd-Frank and halting implementation of a rule that requires financial advisers to act in the best interests of their clients, according to a senior administration official who briefed reporters on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump himself made his intentions clear in a meeting with small-business owners Monday. \"Dodd-Frank is a disaster,\" Trump said. \"We're going to be doing a big number on Dodd-Frank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These executive actions are the start of a Trump administration effort to reverse or revise financial regulations put in place by the Obama administration and seen by Trump and his advisers as onerous and ineffective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"VgbHtwR7PC5suzdnR1LnFsxl6WcbygBR\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the description given by the administration official who briefed reporters, the directives the president is expected to sign Friday won't immediately do a big number on the law. Instead, the Treasury secretary will be instructed to meet with the agencies that oversee the law to identify possible changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Americans are going to have better choices and Americans are going to have better products because we're not going to burden the banks with literally hundreds of billions of dollars of regulatory costs every year,\" said National Economic Council director Gary Cohn in an interview with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-moves-to-undo-dodd-frank-law-1486101602\" target=\"_blank\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>. Cohn, who was president and COO at the investment banking firm Goldman Sachs before joining the administration, added, \"The banks are going to be able to price product more efficiently and more effectively to consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinting at where the administration might expect the review to lead, the official said that under the Obama administration, \"some of the rules may have even been unconstitutional, creating new agencies that don't actually protect consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is an allusion to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the consumer watchdog bureau that Republicans in Congress opposed from its very creation and was the subject of a years-long fight over its leadership and structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"RoPWhKJe5NP5QQf9oPjgBUlAbQgWLdVZ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not an attempt to undo Dodd-Frank,\" the administration official insisted before going on to explain that some of the work of changing regulations, including the so-called Volcker Rule to mitigate risks, could be done through personnel, putting Trump-allied people in charge at agencies like the Securities and Exchange Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn't clear yet how long the review would take, but the official says every aspect of the law will be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second directive would call on the Department of Labor to defer implementation of an Obama-era rule, known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/02/513105063/financial-industry-groups-fear-trump-will-block-investor-protection-rule\" target=\"_blank\">Fiduciary Rule\u003c/a>, requiring financial advisers to act in the best interests of their clients in retirement planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deadline for implementation was supposed to be April. Echoing arguments of the financial services industry, the Trump administration official said the rule would have unintended consequences if allowed to go forward. The industry says the rule will make it harder for advisers to serve lower-income clients. Backers of the rule say it will prevent advisers from gouging customers by selling them inappropriate, high-fee products. Once the review is complete, the official said, it's possible the Labor Department could determine the rule is completely unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rule has been heavily lobbied and some financial industry organizations had been pushing for the Trump administration to delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Key provisions of Dodd-Frank\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd-Frank, passed in 2010, is made up of many provisions across many different regulatory agencies, some of which — like the Labor Department's Fiduciary Rule — have yet to be implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intent of the law was to implement comprehensive safeguards to monitor and regulate financial institutions so their potential failures would not pose a risk to the entire economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd-Frank established some key new institutions and rules:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of new agencies, including the Financial Stability Oversight Council, made up of 10 regulators representing the Federal Reserve, Treasury Department, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities and Exchange Commission, among others. It also created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which has broad authority to monitor and investigate financial institutions and enforce consumer rights.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of a mechanism to unwind large financial institutions if they run into trouble. The law required all financial institutions designated as \"systemically important financial institutions\" to prepare \"living wills,\" which would give regulators more transparency into the bank or insurance firm's activities in order to better mitigate risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The limitation of banks' ability to take risks, in part through a provision known as the Volcker Rule (named after Obama administration economic adviser Paul Volcker), which prohibits banks from making certain types of speculative investments with their own money.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The establishment of a structure for regulating a relatively new derivative market known as credit default swaps, which prior to the Dodd-Frank Act were largely unregulated. Major financial institutions traded these swaps, which functioned like insurance on mortgage securities, and as the underlying mortgages started to fail, it created enormous liabilities for firms like AIG.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of new standards for mortgages, including provisions requiring loan underwriters to better vet their borrowers' ability to repay, and increasing consumer disclosure requirements to lenders.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump signed two directives on Friday, ordering a review of financial industry regulations known as Dodd-Frank and halting implementation of a rule that requires financial advisers to act in the best interests of their clients, according to a senior administration official who briefed reporters on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump himself made his intentions clear in a meeting with small-business owners Monday. \"Dodd-Frank is a disaster,\" Trump said. \"We're going to be doing a big number on Dodd-Frank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These executive actions are the start of a Trump administration effort to reverse or revise financial regulations put in place by the Obama administration and seen by Trump and his advisers as onerous and ineffective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the description given by the administration official who briefed reporters, the directives the president is expected to sign Friday won't immediately do a big number on the law. Instead, the Treasury secretary will be instructed to meet with the agencies that oversee the law to identify possible changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Americans are going to have better choices and Americans are going to have better products because we're not going to burden the banks with literally hundreds of billions of dollars of regulatory costs every year,\" said National Economic Council director Gary Cohn in an interview with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-moves-to-undo-dodd-frank-law-1486101602\" target=\"_blank\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>. Cohn, who was president and COO at the investment banking firm Goldman Sachs before joining the administration, added, \"The banks are going to be able to price product more efficiently and more effectively to consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinting at where the administration might expect the review to lead, the official said that under the Obama administration, \"some of the rules may have even been unconstitutional, creating new agencies that don't actually protect consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is an allusion to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the consumer watchdog bureau that Republicans in Congress opposed from its very creation and was the subject of a years-long fight over its leadership and structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not an attempt to undo Dodd-Frank,\" the administration official insisted before going on to explain that some of the work of changing regulations, including the so-called Volcker Rule to mitigate risks, could be done through personnel, putting Trump-allied people in charge at agencies like the Securities and Exchange Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn't clear yet how long the review would take, but the official says every aspect of the law will be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second directive would call on the Department of Labor to defer implementation of an Obama-era rule, known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/02/513105063/financial-industry-groups-fear-trump-will-block-investor-protection-rule\" target=\"_blank\">Fiduciary Rule\u003c/a>, requiring financial advisers to act in the best interests of their clients in retirement planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deadline for implementation was supposed to be April. Echoing arguments of the financial services industry, the Trump administration official said the rule would have unintended consequences if allowed to go forward. The industry says the rule will make it harder for advisers to serve lower-income clients. Backers of the rule say it will prevent advisers from gouging customers by selling them inappropriate, high-fee products. Once the review is complete, the official said, it's possible the Labor Department could determine the rule is completely unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rule has been heavily lobbied and some financial industry organizations had been pushing for the Trump administration to delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Key provisions of Dodd-Frank\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd-Frank, passed in 2010, is made up of many provisions across many different regulatory agencies, some of which — like the Labor Department's Fiduciary Rule — have yet to be implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intent of the law was to implement comprehensive safeguards to monitor and regulate financial institutions so their potential failures would not pose a risk to the entire economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd-Frank established some key new institutions and rules:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of new agencies, including the Financial Stability Oversight Council, made up of 10 regulators representing the Federal Reserve, Treasury Department, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities and Exchange Commission, among others. It also created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which has broad authority to monitor and investigate financial institutions and enforce consumer rights.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of a mechanism to unwind large financial institutions if they run into trouble. The law required all financial institutions designated as \"systemically important financial institutions\" to prepare \"living wills,\" which would give regulators more transparency into the bank or insurance firm's activities in order to better mitigate risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The limitation of banks' ability to take risks, in part through a provision known as the Volcker Rule (named after Obama administration economic adviser Paul Volcker), which prohibits banks from making certain types of speculative investments with their own money.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The establishment of a structure for regulating a relatively new derivative market known as credit default swaps, which prior to the Dodd-Frank Act were largely unregulated. Major financial institutions traded these swaps, which functioned like insurance on mortgage securities, and as the underlying mortgages started to fail, it created enormous liabilities for firms like AIG.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The creation of new standards for mortgages, including provisions requiring loan underwriters to better vet their borrowers' ability to repay, and increasing consumer disclosure requirements to lenders.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "VA Hospitals Still Struggling With Adding Staff Despite Billions From Choice Act",
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"content": "\u003cp>Before they get to work on reforming the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Congress and the White House might want to take a closer look at the last time they tried it — a $16 billion fix called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr3230/text\">Veterans Choice and Accountability Act\u003c/a> of 2014, designed to get veterans medical care more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR and local member stations have been following that money, including the $10 billion for vets to get care \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/479609181/from-back-at-base-coverage-of-the-veterans-choice-program\">outside the VA system\u003c/a>. The Choice Act also channeled about $2.5 billion for hiring more doctors, nurses and other medical staff at VA medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of the hiring money was to address a simple math problem. The number of veterans coming to the VA has shot up in recent years, and the number of medical staff has not kept pace. The idea was that more caregivers would cut wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an investigation by NPR and local member stations found that: the VA has about the same number of new hires as the VA would have been projected to hire without the additional $2.5 billion; the new hires weren't sent to VA hospitals with the longest wait times; and the VA medical centers that got new hires were not more likely to see improved wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/512052311/512592790\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Diego's wait-time dilemma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego's experience is typical. The Southern California city is home to one of the largest concentrations of post-9/11 veterans, and when the Veterans Choice Act passed, the San Diego VA had some of the country's worst wait times for mental health care in particular. The act was meant to help former soldiers like Charlie Grijalva, who was diagnosed with PTSD when he was still in the Army.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2014, Grijalva lived with his wife, Gloria, in Imperial Valley — about two hours from the VA hospital in San Diego. After spending 18 months deployed in Afghanistan, and a year in Iraq, he started having suicidal thoughts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA tried to help him. Early in 2014, the doctors there seemed to get his prescription right. By summer, his psychiatrist had left the VA, but Grijalva was transferred to a nurse practitioner. He missed an appointment in September 2014, according to records provided by the VA, but the new provider agreed to refill his prescription over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because San Diego's wait times were so long, under the new Choice program, Grijalva qualified to see a private doctor outside the VA system. He had an initial consultation with the private psychiatrist near his home, but he didn't live to begin treatment. In December 2014, his medication ran out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grijalva had a young family and a new baby on the way. His wife said he insisted on giving his kids a magical Christmas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said, you know, 'I want to do what I did as a kid,' \" Gloria Grijalva said. \"Play some Christmas music. Have the kids decorate the tree, drink hot chocolate. ... Even though he was feeling the way he was, he wanted to have that kind of Christmas for his kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't to be. A few days before Christmas, his wife found him. He had hanged himself a few hours after he texted her, \"I love you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He has told me when he was at his lowest that [he] 'didn't want my kids to see me like this; I don't want to put my kids through this,' \" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His VA records show Grijalva went to one last appointment at the VA in San Diego, scheduled in December. His medication arrived just before his death. Around the time of his death, the VA was just beginning to implement the Veterans Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego seemed like a prime candidate to get extra staff. But the NPR and local member station analysis of the VA's own data show that San Diego got far fewer new staff members than it requested, and also fewer than many other VA centers that didn't have such bad wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11298363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-800x730.jpg\" alt=\"AddlStaffVA\" width=\"800\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-160x146.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-240x219.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-375x342.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-520x475.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No logical staffing pattern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA data show no logical pattern for distributing the 12,000 doctors, nurses and other medical staff hired under the Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Shulkin became head of the Veterans Health Administration after that law passed, but has been overseeing the reform since 2015. Last fall, he told NPR that the Choice hires were based on a survey of VA medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our goal is to get [the medical centers] the health professionals that they need. So that's the Choice money. We wanted everybody to go out and execute on it, and to use that money as quickly as possible because we have a sense of crisis,\" said Shulkin, who has been nominated to become secretary of the Department of Veterans Affairs. His confirmation hearing is expected this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the VA focused on places where the staff was most needed. Thirty-three medical centers were \"prioritized\" among the VA's 168 hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the VA data show that prioritized medical centers didn't always get more resources than others. Los Angeles was prioritized and got only about 108 new hires from the Choice money. Dallas, a similarly large center, got almost three times as many (298), even though Dallas was not \"prioritized\" and didn't have particularly bad wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11298376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-800x790.jpg\" alt=\"AddlVAstaff\" width=\"800\" height=\"790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-160x158.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-240x237.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-375x370.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-520x514.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Cincinnati have about the same volume of appointments. But Albuquerque had among the worst wait times in the country for mental health, while Cincinnati was among the best. The VA's data show both received the same number of psychiatrists from the Choice money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait times across the board have not come down, though the VA says that's because of a continuing surge in demand from patients. And Shulkin stressed that wait times are not the most important measure of health care. He says efficiency is up and the number of veterans waiting for urgent care has shrunk from tens of thousands to a mere dozen or two. Still, it was the long wait times — and the harm they did to veterans — that drove Congress to pass the Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Slow hiring in a tough market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and nurses are scarce nationwide. In the economic centers where many vets live, medical professionals often find better offers at private hospitals. And in rural or remote areas, there often are very few doctors or nurses available to work at either VA or private hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shulkin knows that his hiring process is cumbersome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The complexity of hiring puts us at a disadvantage with the private sector. We are very fortunate that people wait and turn down private sector jobs because this is where they want to work and this is the mission ... but frankly we have to be competitive,\" he told NPR last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shulkin came to the VA from the private sector, he said, to get the department in step with best practices. He has succeeded in getting some salaries up to private-sector levels. But the roughly $2.5 billion from the Choice Act resulted in a net gain of only a few thousand doctors and nurses, across a system that serves about 9 million veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11298308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11298308\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"Secretary of Veterans' Affairs-designate David Shulkin testifies during a Senate confirmation hearing on February 1, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-800x503.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-1180x742.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-960x604.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-375x236.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Secretary of Veterans Affairs-designate David Shulkin testifies during a Senate confirmation hearing on Feb. 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(ZACH GIBSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's partly because the VA's process is so slow that about 13 percent of candidates drop out during the months-long lag time after they are hired. NPR and local member stations spoke with more than half a dozen current VA employees about this problem, but none agreed to be quoted. Almetta Pitts is a former VA employee who used to work at the VA in Seattle. Waiting to start that job nearly left her broke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It took about six months. And so I had to think about ways to just put my money together to be able to really be able to pursue this job,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitts liked the VA. She interned at the VA in Seattle while pursuing her master's in social work. Her mother, an Army vet, was already working there as a federal police officer. After a series of interviews, Pitts was notified she had been hired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I received my acceptance letter and it did inform me that I started that September and I was like 'Oh my gosh, I'm so excited,' but ... 'Wow, it's like May.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the four months of waiting, Pitts moved back in with her mom to save money until the job started. She ended up working for the VA for 13 months and was laid off. At the time, Human Resources offered to help find another job at a VA out of state. She loved her work helping traumatized veterans, but Pitts decided she had to move on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Budget shuffling\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason the $2.5 billion bump didn't seem to raise the VA's staffing levels may have more to do with Washington bureaucracy than health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR found that the rate of increase in VA staff after the Choice money was not noticeably different than past years without it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Choice hiring money from Congress mostly replaced, instead of augmented, the VA's normal hiring budget, which freed up less restricted money to take care of other needs. Shulkin defends how the money was spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're given a budget you face a number of new stresses on those resources. You have increases in pharmaceuticals, you have your wage increase, you have your leasing cost increases, you have IT increases. So without the Choice money, we would not have been able to have maintained the type of hiring that we were doing and expanded the type of hiring we were doing,\" Shulkin told NPR in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sort of budgeting strategy is common in Washington, according to Phil Carter, of the Center for New American Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes complete sense for a self-interested bureaucracy to hire with that money first. I think VA hired staff with this money will all intention of improving access and quality. I think the VA leadership found it harder to do that,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter says that the VA has a difficult time projecting what needs it will have across a system of 168 hospitals nationwide, and that the VA may just have been hiring at its maximum capacity in a tough market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I don't see malice here, just the basic inefficacy of American bureaucracy,\" Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some Republicans in Congress do see something more malicious — a shell game to free up money from congressional restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for the House Committee on Veterans Affairs said: \"It was a money grab, with no plan on where to put people, and VA used the funds to fill existing vacancies for the most part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Juan Elosua contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of a project we're calling \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/363340041/back-at-base\">Back at Base,\u003c/a>\"\u003cem> in which NPR — along with public radio stations around the country — is chronicling the lives of America's troops where they live.\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before they get to work on reforming the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Congress and the White House might want to take a closer look at the last time they tried it — a $16 billion fix called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr3230/text\">Veterans Choice and Accountability Act\u003c/a> of 2014, designed to get veterans medical care more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR and local member stations have been following that money, including the $10 billion for vets to get care \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/479609181/from-back-at-base-coverage-of-the-veterans-choice-program\">outside the VA system\u003c/a>. The Choice Act also channeled about $2.5 billion for hiring more doctors, nurses and other medical staff at VA medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of the hiring money was to address a simple math problem. The number of veterans coming to the VA has shot up in recent years, and the number of medical staff has not kept pace. The idea was that more caregivers would cut wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an investigation by NPR and local member stations found that: the VA has about the same number of new hires as the VA would have been projected to hire without the additional $2.5 billion; the new hires weren't sent to VA hospitals with the longest wait times; and the VA medical centers that got new hires were not more likely to see improved wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/512052311/512592790\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Diego's wait-time dilemma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego's experience is typical. The Southern California city is home to one of the largest concentrations of post-9/11 veterans, and when the Veterans Choice Act passed, the San Diego VA had some of the country's worst wait times for mental health care in particular. The act was meant to help former soldiers like Charlie Grijalva, who was diagnosed with PTSD when he was still in the Army.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2014, Grijalva lived with his wife, Gloria, in Imperial Valley — about two hours from the VA hospital in San Diego. After spending 18 months deployed in Afghanistan, and a year in Iraq, he started having suicidal thoughts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA tried to help him. Early in 2014, the doctors there seemed to get his prescription right. By summer, his psychiatrist had left the VA, but Grijalva was transferred to a nurse practitioner. He missed an appointment in September 2014, according to records provided by the VA, but the new provider agreed to refill his prescription over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because San Diego's wait times were so long, under the new Choice program, Grijalva qualified to see a private doctor outside the VA system. He had an initial consultation with the private psychiatrist near his home, but he didn't live to begin treatment. In December 2014, his medication ran out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grijalva had a young family and a new baby on the way. His wife said he insisted on giving his kids a magical Christmas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said, you know, 'I want to do what I did as a kid,' \" Gloria Grijalva said. \"Play some Christmas music. Have the kids decorate the tree, drink hot chocolate. ... Even though he was feeling the way he was, he wanted to have that kind of Christmas for his kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't to be. A few days before Christmas, his wife found him. He had hanged himself a few hours after he texted her, \"I love you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He has told me when he was at his lowest that [he] 'didn't want my kids to see me like this; I don't want to put my kids through this,' \" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His VA records show Grijalva went to one last appointment at the VA in San Diego, scheduled in December. His medication arrived just before his death. Around the time of his death, the VA was just beginning to implement the Veterans Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego seemed like a prime candidate to get extra staff. But the NPR and local member station analysis of the VA's own data show that San Diego got far fewer new staff members than it requested, and also fewer than many other VA centers that didn't have such bad wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11298363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-800x730.jpg\" alt=\"AddlStaffVA\" width=\"800\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-160x146.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-240x219.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-375x342.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlStaffVA-520x475.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No logical staffing pattern\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The VA data show no logical pattern for distributing the 12,000 doctors, nurses and other medical staff hired under the Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Shulkin became head of the Veterans Health Administration after that law passed, but has been overseeing the reform since 2015. Last fall, he told NPR that the Choice hires were based on a survey of VA medical centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our goal is to get [the medical centers] the health professionals that they need. So that's the Choice money. We wanted everybody to go out and execute on it, and to use that money as quickly as possible because we have a sense of crisis,\" said Shulkin, who has been nominated to become secretary of the Department of Veterans Affairs. His confirmation hearing is expected this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the VA focused on places where the staff was most needed. Thirty-three medical centers were \"prioritized\" among the VA's 168 hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the VA data show that prioritized medical centers didn't always get more resources than others. Los Angeles was prioritized and got only about 108 new hires from the Choice money. Dallas, a similarly large center, got almost three times as many (298), even though Dallas was not \"prioritized\" and didn't have particularly bad wait times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11298376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-800x790.jpg\" alt=\"AddlVAstaff\" width=\"800\" height=\"790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-160x158.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-240x237.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-375x370.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-520x514.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/AddlVAstaff-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Cincinnati have about the same volume of appointments. But Albuquerque had among the worst wait times in the country for mental health, while Cincinnati was among the best. The VA's data show both received the same number of psychiatrists from the Choice money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait times across the board have not come down, though the VA says that's because of a continuing surge in demand from patients. And Shulkin stressed that wait times are not the most important measure of health care. He says efficiency is up and the number of veterans waiting for urgent care has shrunk from tens of thousands to a mere dozen or two. Still, it was the long wait times — and the harm they did to veterans — that drove Congress to pass the Choice Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Slow hiring in a tough market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and nurses are scarce nationwide. In the economic centers where many vets live, medical professionals often find better offers at private hospitals. And in rural or remote areas, there often are very few doctors or nurses available to work at either VA or private hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shulkin knows that his hiring process is cumbersome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The complexity of hiring puts us at a disadvantage with the private sector. We are very fortunate that people wait and turn down private sector jobs because this is where they want to work and this is the mission ... but frankly we have to be competitive,\" he told NPR last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shulkin came to the VA from the private sector, he said, to get the department in step with best practices. He has succeeded in getting some salaries up to private-sector levels. But the roughly $2.5 billion from the Choice Act resulted in a net gain of only a few thousand doctors and nurses, across a system that serves about 9 million veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11298308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11298308\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"Secretary of Veterans' Affairs-designate David Shulkin testifies during a Senate confirmation hearing on February 1, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-800x503.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-1180x742.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-960x604.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-375x236.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Shulkin-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Secretary of Veterans Affairs-designate David Shulkin testifies during a Senate confirmation hearing on Feb. 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(ZACH GIBSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's partly because the VA's process is so slow that about 13 percent of candidates drop out during the months-long lag time after they are hired. NPR and local member stations spoke with more than half a dozen current VA employees about this problem, but none agreed to be quoted. Almetta Pitts is a former VA employee who used to work at the VA in Seattle. Waiting to start that job nearly left her broke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It took about six months. And so I had to think about ways to just put my money together to be able to really be able to pursue this job,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitts liked the VA. She interned at the VA in Seattle while pursuing her master's in social work. Her mother, an Army vet, was already working there as a federal police officer. After a series of interviews, Pitts was notified she had been hired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I received my acceptance letter and it did inform me that I started that September and I was like 'Oh my gosh, I'm so excited,' but ... 'Wow, it's like May.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the four months of waiting, Pitts moved back in with her mom to save money until the job started. She ended up working for the VA for 13 months and was laid off. At the time, Human Resources offered to help find another job at a VA out of state. She loved her work helping traumatized veterans, but Pitts decided she had to move on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Budget shuffling\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason the $2.5 billion bump didn't seem to raise the VA's staffing levels may have more to do with Washington bureaucracy than health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR found that the rate of increase in VA staff after the Choice money was not noticeably different than past years without it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Choice hiring money from Congress mostly replaced, instead of augmented, the VA's normal hiring budget, which freed up less restricted money to take care of other needs. Shulkin defends how the money was spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're given a budget you face a number of new stresses on those resources. You have increases in pharmaceuticals, you have your wage increase, you have your leasing cost increases, you have IT increases. So without the Choice money, we would not have been able to have maintained the type of hiring that we were doing and expanded the type of hiring we were doing,\" Shulkin told NPR in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sort of budgeting strategy is common in Washington, according to Phil Carter, of the Center for New American Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes complete sense for a self-interested bureaucracy to hire with that money first. I think VA hired staff with this money will all intention of improving access and quality. I think the VA leadership found it harder to do that,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter says that the VA has a difficult time projecting what needs it will have across a system of 168 hospitals nationwide, and that the VA may just have been hiring at its maximum capacity in a tough market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I don't see malice here, just the basic inefficacy of American bureaucracy,\" Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some Republicans in Congress do see something more malicious — a shell game to free up money from congressional restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for the House Committee on Veterans Affairs said: \"It was a money grab, with no plan on where to put people, and VA used the funds to fill existing vacancies for the most part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Juan Elosua contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of a project we're calling \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/363340041/back-at-base\">Back at Base,\u003c/a>\"\u003cem> in which NPR — along with public radio stations around the country — is chronicling the lives of America's troops where they live.\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump has gotten his man at the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rex Tillerson was approved by a 56-43 vote Wednesday in the Senate. Four senators who caucus with the Democrats crossed the aisle and joined all of the Republicans in voting for Tillerson. They were Democrats Mark Warner of Virginia, Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota and Joe Manchin of West Virginia, as well as independent Angus King of Maine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson, the former head of Exxon Mobil — the world’s largest and most powerful oil company — will now guide American foreign policy and be tasked with enacting Trump’s world view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That world view, however, isn’t entirely clear. Trump has expressed nationalistic and protectionist views and even isolationist tendencies, but he has also said the U.S. needs to do more about ISIS. He has promised to “bomb the s*** out of them” and suggested it \u003ca href=\"http://www.militarytimes.com/story/military/election/2016/03/10/gop-debate-12-isis-va/81627892/\">could potentially take 30,000\u003c/a> troops to defeat them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”jwqUrI9fE2J8t6xoHQCYNWIbq8TONRXG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/01/27/511861645/trumps-immigration-freeze-omits-those-linked-to-deadly-attacks-in-u-s\">controversial travel ban \u003c/a>instituted in the first days of his presidency, Trump has ordered the U.S. out of trade deals, threatened import tariffs with America’s adversaries (China) and allies (Mexico), questioned the importance of NATO, praised Russian President Vladimir Putin, said he thinks torture works and, during the campaign, floated the idea (that he \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/nov/14/donald-trump/donald-trump-wrongly-tweets-he-never-said-more-cou/\">later seemed to walk back\u003c/a>) that perhaps more countries should have nuclear weapons to defend themselves without help from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson will be tasked with defending the United States under Trump around the globe, while walking the line when he disagrees. Tillerson faced tough questioning from Republicans and was almost derailed because of his relationship with Putin. But Tillerson talked tough in those hearings about Russia and, unlike Trump, said he fully believes Russia was responsible for the hacks and leaks of the Democratic emails during the presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson, who has no diplomatic experience aside from his myriad international business ties as Exxon Mobil’s chief, will be tasked with overseeing the State Department bureaucracy. He is not well-known in the State Department, but those who have briefed him are sounding fairly upbeat about his management style. As CEO of Exxon Mobil, he oversaw a vast company with employees working in dozens of countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference is that Exxon Mobil has one goal: drilling for oil and making money for shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511851709/511851710\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His job at the State Department may be especially complicated by apparent unrest in the ranks. NPR has reported that some 900 State Department officials \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511851709/career-diplomats-leave-state-department-as-trump-presidency-begins\">signed a letter \u003c/a>that went viral within the agency decrying Trump’s visa and refugee ban as not making America safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the White House isn’t making the task of internal diplomacy any easier for Tillerson. White House spokesman Sean Spicer on Tuesday urged American diplomats to “get with the program” or go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But dissent is ingrained in State Department culture. In fact, the American Foreign Service Association, the professional association, \u003ca href=\"http://www.afsa.org/constructive-dissent-awards\">gives awards every year for it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department’s manual says there can be no retribution for employees who use the dissent channel, and some in Congress concerned about Spicer’s comments are now looking into ways to codify those protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”XEz0ChQxpUCkwX81sX1ga7j78oebjk2B”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, though, doesn’t exactly welcome dissent. While the new president is known for surrounding himself with differing factions — and even appeared to encourage his Cabinet nominees to have different points of view in their confirmation hearings — he also fired Acting Attorney General Sally Yates, an Obama holdover at the Justice Department, for speaking out against and refusing to defend the travel ban. And he said he has a “running war with the media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much of the media seems to be the opposition party,” Trump said Wednesday, echoing his chief strategist Steve Bannon. He added, “They’re very dishonest people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the State Department, Tillerson will be hearing from diplomats who are worried about where the Trump administration is heading and whether he and Trump will overlook human rights abuses in countries where Americans want to do business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/512799958/512799959\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the mood in the State Department is uneasy. The Trump administration nudged out several professional diplomats even before naming anyone to replace them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example is Tom Countryman, a career foreign service officer who was acting undersecretary for arms control. He was on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/01/512799958/outgoing-state-department-official-urges-colleagues-to-stay-and-serve\">NPR’s Morning Edition\u003c/a> Wednesday, where he echoed a very powerful retirement speech he gave Tuesday to the State Department. He noted that State employees proudly serve in both Republican and Democratic administrations and implied they are feeling sidelined now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have a duty,” he told the State employees. “You have a duty — to stay and give your best professional guidance, with loyalty, to the new administration, because a foreign policy without professionals is — by definition — an amateur foreign policy. You will help to frame and make the choices. Because that is what we do. Our work is little understood by our fellow Americans, a fact that is sometimes exploited for political purpose. When I have the opportunity to speak to audiences across this amazing land, I explain, ‘We do not have a Department of State, we do not have a foreign policy, because we love foreigners. We do it because we love Americans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said something that directly relates to Trump (and perhaps even Tillerson). Countryman drew a distinction between business and diplomacy, and he seemed to dispute Trump’s foundational view of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Business made America great, as it always has been,” Countryman said, “and business leaders are among our most important partners. But let’s be clear: Despite the similarities — a dog is not a cat; baseball is not football; and diplomacy is not a business. Human rights are not a business. And democracy is, most assuredly, not a business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “We want Americans to prosper, to sell the world’s best food and the world’s best products everywhere in the world. We want Americans to be protected and safe when they are abroad, whether they are missionaries, tourists, students, businessmen or (for those of you who have done consular work) the occasional false Messiah.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump has gotten his man at the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rex Tillerson was approved by a 56-43 vote Wednesday in the Senate. Four senators who caucus with the Democrats crossed the aisle and joined all of the Republicans in voting for Tillerson. They were Democrats Mark Warner of Virginia, Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota and Joe Manchin of West Virginia, as well as independent Angus King of Maine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson, the former head of Exxon Mobil — the world’s largest and most powerful oil company — will now guide American foreign policy and be tasked with enacting Trump’s world view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That world view, however, isn’t entirely clear. Trump has expressed nationalistic and protectionist views and even isolationist tendencies, but he has also said the U.S. needs to do more about ISIS. He has promised to “bomb the s*** out of them” and suggested it \u003ca href=\"http://www.militarytimes.com/story/military/election/2016/03/10/gop-debate-12-isis-va/81627892/\">could potentially take 30,000\u003c/a> troops to defeat them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/01/27/511861645/trumps-immigration-freeze-omits-those-linked-to-deadly-attacks-in-u-s\">controversial travel ban \u003c/a>instituted in the first days of his presidency, Trump has ordered the U.S. out of trade deals, threatened import tariffs with America’s adversaries (China) and allies (Mexico), questioned the importance of NATO, praised Russian President Vladimir Putin, said he thinks torture works and, during the campaign, floated the idea (that he \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/nov/14/donald-trump/donald-trump-wrongly-tweets-he-never-said-more-cou/\">later seemed to walk back\u003c/a>) that perhaps more countries should have nuclear weapons to defend themselves without help from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson will be tasked with defending the United States under Trump around the globe, while walking the line when he disagrees. Tillerson faced tough questioning from Republicans and was almost derailed because of his relationship with Putin. But Tillerson talked tough in those hearings about Russia and, unlike Trump, said he fully believes Russia was responsible for the hacks and leaks of the Democratic emails during the presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tillerson, who has no diplomatic experience aside from his myriad international business ties as Exxon Mobil’s chief, will be tasked with overseeing the State Department bureaucracy. He is not well-known in the State Department, but those who have briefed him are sounding fairly upbeat about his management style. As CEO of Exxon Mobil, he oversaw a vast company with employees working in dozens of countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference is that Exxon Mobil has one goal: drilling for oil and making money for shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511851709/511851710\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His job at the State Department may be especially complicated by apparent unrest in the ranks. NPR has reported that some 900 State Department officials \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511851709/career-diplomats-leave-state-department-as-trump-presidency-begins\">signed a letter \u003c/a>that went viral within the agency decrying Trump’s visa and refugee ban as not making America safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the White House isn’t making the task of internal diplomacy any easier for Tillerson. White House spokesman Sean Spicer on Tuesday urged American diplomats to “get with the program” or go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But dissent is ingrained in State Department culture. In fact, the American Foreign Service Association, the professional association, \u003ca href=\"http://www.afsa.org/constructive-dissent-awards\">gives awards every year for it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department’s manual says there can be no retribution for employees who use the dissent channel, and some in Congress concerned about Spicer’s comments are now looking into ways to codify those protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, though, doesn’t exactly welcome dissent. While the new president is known for surrounding himself with differing factions — and even appeared to encourage his Cabinet nominees to have different points of view in their confirmation hearings — he also fired Acting Attorney General Sally Yates, an Obama holdover at the Justice Department, for speaking out against and refusing to defend the travel ban. And he said he has a “running war with the media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much of the media seems to be the opposition party,” Trump said Wednesday, echoing his chief strategist Steve Bannon. He added, “They’re very dishonest people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the State Department, Tillerson will be hearing from diplomats who are worried about where the Trump administration is heading and whether he and Trump will overlook human rights abuses in countries where Americans want to do business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/512799958/512799959\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the mood in the State Department is uneasy. The Trump administration nudged out several professional diplomats even before naming anyone to replace them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example is Tom Countryman, a career foreign service officer who was acting undersecretary for arms control. He was on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/01/512799958/outgoing-state-department-official-urges-colleagues-to-stay-and-serve\">NPR’s Morning Edition\u003c/a> Wednesday, where he echoed a very powerful retirement speech he gave Tuesday to the State Department. He noted that State employees proudly serve in both Republican and Democratic administrations and implied they are feeling sidelined now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have a duty,” he told the State employees. “You have a duty — to stay and give your best professional guidance, with loyalty, to the new administration, because a foreign policy without professionals is — by definition — an amateur foreign policy. You will help to frame and make the choices. Because that is what we do. Our work is little understood by our fellow Americans, a fact that is sometimes exploited for political purpose. When I have the opportunity to speak to audiences across this amazing land, I explain, ‘We do not have a Department of State, we do not have a foreign policy, because we love foreigners. We do it because we love Americans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said something that directly relates to Trump (and perhaps even Tillerson). Countryman drew a distinction between business and diplomacy, and he seemed to dispute Trump’s foundational view of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Business made America great, as it always has been,” Countryman said, “and business leaders are among our most important partners. But let’s be clear: Despite the similarities — a dog is not a cat; baseball is not football; and diplomacy is not a business. Human rights are not a business. And democracy is, most assuredly, not a business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “We want Americans to prosper, to sell the world’s best food and the world’s best products everywhere in the world. We want Americans to be protected and safe when they are abroad, whether they are missionaries, tourists, students, businessmen or (for those of you who have done consular work) the occasional false Messiah.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's been a tense week for immigrants and people of color throughout the country, but there was some good news in California: a \u003ca href=\"http://publications.nclr.org/handle/123456789/1678\">new study\u003c/a> by the advocacy group National Council of La Raza points out that the state's Latinos, as a group, are doing much better in many areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Latinos in the Golden State: An Analysis of Economic and Demographic Trends\" reveals an increase in the median household income for the state's Latinos, and a decrease in their poverty rate. Median incomes for California Latinos rose more than $5,000 annually, and the poverty level dropped 2.4 percentage points (a larger dip than for the state's non-Hispanic white households). And more Latino children now have health insurance: between 2013 and 2014, California \"had the largest decrease in the number of uninsured Latino children,\" according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's drop in those numbers accounted for a 44 percent drop in uninsured Latino children nationwide, although the report points out \"the Latino child uninsurance rate (4 percent) is still double that of non-Hispanic white children (2 percent).\" Further, children who have access to health care are an indicator that covered children \"are more likely to surpass the economic status of their parents than those who lack coverage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino-owned enterprises are also on the rise: \"The number of businesses owned by Latinos in California increased by 43.9 percent between 2005 and 2011.\" They generated $98.9 million in gross receipts in 2012, a 23 percent increase from $80 million in 2007. Since 1990, Latino purchasing power rose by 367 percent to $320 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"91jWfu7eVw1Yz9jSBEjnlbKou9iRo6LQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the increased prosperity may be attributable to more Latinos earning college degrees, a figure that increased by 25 percent from 2011 to 2015, nearly three times the increase for non-Hispanic white Californians (8.8 percent). There was a similar bump for associate's degrees earned in the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News for pre-collegiate Latinos is more sobering. While almost half of all students in California classrooms are Latino, less than half of Latino fourth-graders were reading at grade level in 2015. (In comparison, over three-quarters of white fourth-graders had grade-level proficiency.) The math gap is even greater, with 17 percent of Latino fourth-graders on or above math proficiency in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinas also fall behind in key indicators. They have the highest poverty rates in the state, with just about 22 percent of those 18 and over living in poverty, according to La Raza's report. The rate of Latina poverty is twice as high as non-Latina white women. Many are single mothers facing the high costs of rental housing and child care -- two things which sometimes add up to 74 percent of their monthly income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, California has some of the highest housing costs in the country, which might be a contributing factor to Latino homeownership stalling since 2012, as the report points out. (And according to the Center for Responsible Lending, the subprime mortgages offered to many minority families meant from 2005-2008 the collapse of the state's superheated housing market in 2008 left many homeowners underwater — especially Latinos and African-Americans. )\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the state is 39 percent Latino, a group that skews younger than the general population, they represent a large and growing portion of the state's economy and tax base. Arguably, the economic health and prosperity of California -- and other states with similarly large Latino populations -- will be intrinsically tied to its Latino contingent for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been a tense week for immigrants and people of color throughout the country, but there was some good news in California: a \u003ca href=\"http://publications.nclr.org/handle/123456789/1678\">new study\u003c/a> by the advocacy group National Council of La Raza points out that the state's Latinos, as a group, are doing much better in many areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Latinos in the Golden State: An Analysis of Economic and Demographic Trends\" reveals an increase in the median household income for the state's Latinos, and a decrease in their poverty rate. Median incomes for California Latinos rose more than $5,000 annually, and the poverty level dropped 2.4 percentage points (a larger dip than for the state's non-Hispanic white households). And more Latino children now have health insurance: between 2013 and 2014, California \"had the largest decrease in the number of uninsured Latino children,\" according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's drop in those numbers accounted for a 44 percent drop in uninsured Latino children nationwide, although the report points out \"the Latino child uninsurance rate (4 percent) is still double that of non-Hispanic white children (2 percent).\" Further, children who have access to health care are an indicator that covered children \"are more likely to surpass the economic status of their parents than those who lack coverage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino-owned enterprises are also on the rise: \"The number of businesses owned by Latinos in California increased by 43.9 percent between 2005 and 2011.\" They generated $98.9 million in gross receipts in 2012, a 23 percent increase from $80 million in 2007. Since 1990, Latino purchasing power rose by 367 percent to $320 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the increased prosperity may be attributable to more Latinos earning college degrees, a figure that increased by 25 percent from 2011 to 2015, nearly three times the increase for non-Hispanic white Californians (8.8 percent). There was a similar bump for associate's degrees earned in the same period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News for pre-collegiate Latinos is more sobering. While almost half of all students in California classrooms are Latino, less than half of Latino fourth-graders were reading at grade level in 2015. (In comparison, over three-quarters of white fourth-graders had grade-level proficiency.) The math gap is even greater, with 17 percent of Latino fourth-graders on or above math proficiency in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinas also fall behind in key indicators. They have the highest poverty rates in the state, with just about 22 percent of those 18 and over living in poverty, according to La Raza's report. The rate of Latina poverty is twice as high as non-Latina white women. Many are single mothers facing the high costs of rental housing and child care -- two things which sometimes add up to 74 percent of their monthly income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, California has some of the highest housing costs in the country, which might be a contributing factor to Latino homeownership stalling since 2012, as the report points out. (And according to the Center for Responsible Lending, the subprime mortgages offered to many minority families meant from 2005-2008 the collapse of the state's superheated housing market in 2008 left many homeowners underwater — especially Latinos and African-Americans. )\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the state is 39 percent Latino, a group that skews younger than the general population, they represent a large and growing portion of the state's economy and tax base. Arguably, the economic health and prosperity of California -- and other states with similarly large Latino populations -- will be intrinsically tied to its Latino contingent for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Senate Republicans Defy Democrats' Boycott to Advance Trump Nominees",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>A day after Democrats on the Senate Finance Committee boycotted votes to advance the nominations for President Trump's nominees to lead the departments of the Treasury and Health and Human Services, the panel's Republicans met in a surprise meeting Wednesday morning and voted to suspend committee rules to vote on those nominees without Democrats present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, the chairman of the Finance Committee, called the Democrats' boycott \"the most pathetic thing.\" Opening the meeting, Hatch said, \"We took some unprecedented actions today due to the unprecedented obstruction on the part of our colleagues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats consider the move in violation of long-standing rules on the committee, which require one member of each party present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SenSherrodBrown/status/826805202044985345\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, posted a photo of empty seats in the committee room and said the Democrats were standing with people \"hurt by the abusive practices of Mnuchin's bank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats boycotted yesterday, saying they had new ethical questions about both Treasury Secretary-designate Steven Mnuchin and HHS Secretary-designate Tom Price, as we reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Price has been under a cloud of controversy for weeks over questions about whether he properly disclosed stock trading of a biomedical company, which says the congressman was able to purchase with a discount, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/rep-tom-price-got-privileged-discounted-offer-on-biomedical-stock-company-says-1485800769\">according to the Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Mnuchin, he faces more questions about his role in the foreclosure crisis as the head of OneWest Bank. As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/19/510576713/trump-treasury-nominee-defends-record-of-profiting-off-foreclosure-crisis\">NPR's Yuki Noguchi reported\u003c/a> when Mnuchin testified before the committee earlier this month, he was grilled by Democrats \"for his role as CEO of a company that took over IndyMac Bank, now known as OneWest, which failed because of its bad home loans and later pushed through many controversial foreclosures, ultimately yielding massive profits for Mnuchin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.dispatch.com/news/20170129/trump-treasury-pick-mnuchin-misled-senate-on-foreclosures-ohio-cases-show\">Columbus Dispatch reported over the weekend\u003c/a> that Mnuchin \"flatly denied in testimony before the Senate Finance Committee that OneWest used 'robo-signing' on mortgage documents. But records show the bank utilized the questionable practice in Ohio.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hatch defended both nominees this morning. \"Dr. Price's account of the investment hasn't really been substantially refuted, let alone disproven. But, my colleagues claim that their misinterpretation of his testimony is grounds for an indefinite delay on his confirmation,\" he said. Hatch also said the Mnuchin controversy is moot because there is \"no fixed definition\" of robo-signing. Consumer advocates and the financial services industry have differing views on the term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JdpdnelZWjoHfZoQ5Ys5gEfOlQJSnEXZ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats have insisted that their issue with these nominees is strictly the issues they've raised, though Hatch accused them of being \"ready to leap off whatever cliff\" that Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer asks them to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer broke with time-honored Senate decorum yesterday by voting against Elaine Chao, the wife of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, for Transportation secretary. She was approved 93-6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The minority party, with virtually no legislative power to block Trump Cabinet nominees as was illustrated this morning, is under pressure from liberal voters to do whatever they possibly can to stop Trump's nominees from being approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats did stage another boycott against the committee vote for Trump's pick to lead the Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt, who sued the agency over Obama-era regulations as Oklahoma attorney general and has expressed skepticism about climate change. That vote was supposed to occur Wednesday morning in the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"zKNhVM7qyGqxaOE8flblGxb4tNMjNDQF\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP committee chairman Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., called the move \"political theater,\" and said there would not be a vote today, declining to force a vote in the way Hatch did. He also said Democrats were simply stalling because they don't like Pruitt's views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tom Carper, D-Del., said he didn't like that Pruitt would not definitively say whether he'd recuse himself from the lawsuit by the state of Oklahoma that he had filed as attorney general against the EPA if he were leading the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real fight could come now with Trump's nomination of a Supreme Court justice. Federal judge Neil Gorsuch will need 60 votes to clear a procedural hurdle needed for confirmation. That threshold was removed for lower court nominees and cabinet positions in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Democrats boycotted the Price and Mnuchin committee votes, they did allow other panels to move ahead on Trump nominees, including Betsy DeVos for Education secretary, Rick Perry for Energy secretary and Ryan Zinke for Interior secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats have delayed the final floor vote on Trump's nominee for secretary of State, but Rex Tillerson was set to be confirmed Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Republicans suspended committee rules this morning to advance the nominations for Health and Human Services and Treasury. Democrats staged another boycott over Trump's pick for the EPA.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A day after Democrats on the Senate Finance Committee boycotted votes to advance the nominations for President Trump's nominees to lead the departments of the Treasury and Health and Human Services, the panel's Republicans met in a surprise meeting Wednesday morning and voted to suspend committee rules to vote on those nominees without Democrats present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, the chairman of the Finance Committee, called the Democrats' boycott \"the most pathetic thing.\" Opening the meeting, Hatch said, \"We took some unprecedented actions today due to the unprecedented obstruction on the part of our colleagues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats consider the move in violation of long-standing rules on the committee, which require one member of each party present.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, posted a photo of empty seats in the committee room and said the Democrats were standing with people \"hurt by the abusive practices of Mnuchin's bank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats boycotted yesterday, saying they had new ethical questions about both Treasury Secretary-designate Steven Mnuchin and HHS Secretary-designate Tom Price, as we reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Price has been under a cloud of controversy for weeks over questions about whether he properly disclosed stock trading of a biomedical company, which says the congressman was able to purchase with a discount, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/rep-tom-price-got-privileged-discounted-offer-on-biomedical-stock-company-says-1485800769\">according to the Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Mnuchin, he faces more questions about his role in the foreclosure crisis as the head of OneWest Bank. As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/19/510576713/trump-treasury-nominee-defends-record-of-profiting-off-foreclosure-crisis\">NPR's Yuki Noguchi reported\u003c/a> when Mnuchin testified before the committee earlier this month, he was grilled by Democrats \"for his role as CEO of a company that took over IndyMac Bank, now known as OneWest, which failed because of its bad home loans and later pushed through many controversial foreclosures, ultimately yielding massive profits for Mnuchin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.dispatch.com/news/20170129/trump-treasury-pick-mnuchin-misled-senate-on-foreclosures-ohio-cases-show\">Columbus Dispatch reported over the weekend\u003c/a> that Mnuchin \"flatly denied in testimony before the Senate Finance Committee that OneWest used 'robo-signing' on mortgage documents. But records show the bank utilized the questionable practice in Ohio.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hatch defended both nominees this morning. \"Dr. Price's account of the investment hasn't really been substantially refuted, let alone disproven. But, my colleagues claim that their misinterpretation of his testimony is grounds for an indefinite delay on his confirmation,\" he said. Hatch also said the Mnuchin controversy is moot because there is \"no fixed definition\" of robo-signing. Consumer advocates and the financial services industry have differing views on the term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats have insisted that their issue with these nominees is strictly the issues they've raised, though Hatch accused them of being \"ready to leap off whatever cliff\" that Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer asks them to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer broke with time-honored Senate decorum yesterday by voting against Elaine Chao, the wife of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, for Transportation secretary. She was approved 93-6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The minority party, with virtually no legislative power to block Trump Cabinet nominees as was illustrated this morning, is under pressure from liberal voters to do whatever they possibly can to stop Trump's nominees from being approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats did stage another boycott against the committee vote for Trump's pick to lead the Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt, who sued the agency over Obama-era regulations as Oklahoma attorney general and has expressed skepticism about climate change. That vote was supposed to occur Wednesday morning in the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP committee chairman Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., called the move \"political theater,\" and said there would not be a vote today, declining to force a vote in the way Hatch did. He also said Democrats were simply stalling because they don't like Pruitt's views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tom Carper, D-Del., said he didn't like that Pruitt would not definitively say whether he'd recuse himself from the lawsuit by the state of Oklahoma that he had filed as attorney general against the EPA if he were leading the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real fight could come now with Trump's nomination of a Supreme Court justice. Federal judge Neil Gorsuch will need 60 votes to clear a procedural hurdle needed for confirmation. That threshold was removed for lower court nominees and cabinet positions in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Democrats boycotted the Price and Mnuchin committee votes, they did allow other panels to move ahead on Trump nominees, including Betsy DeVos for Education secretary, Rick Perry for Energy secretary and Ryan Zinke for Interior secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats have delayed the final floor vote on Trump's nominee for secretary of State, but Rex Tillerson was set to be confirmed Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:15 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump has fired Acting Attorney General Sally Yates, concluding she has “betrayed the Department of Justice” by refusing to defend his executive order that imposes a temporary ban on refugees and visa holders from seven majority Muslim countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the White House called Yates, an Obama administration holdover with 27 years of experience prosecuting corrupt public officials and the man who bombed the Atlanta Olympic park, “weak on borders and very weak on illegal immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration immediately named Dana Boente, the top federal prosecutor in suburban Virginia, the interim Attorney General. Boente, a veteran prosecutor with decades of experience, will serve until Trump’s nominee, Alabama Sen. Jeff Sessions, is confirmed by the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than two weeks after his inauguration, and only hours after Yates sent a message to department lawyers pledging that she would not enforce Trump’s order restricting travel and immigration from many Muslim-majority countries, the new president removed the nation’s top law enforcement officer in a move not seen since the Nixon era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yates said she was not “convinced” about the legality of Trump’s decision to block travelers from Iraq, Iran, Syria, Yemen, Sudan, Libya and Somalia for 90 days; to suspend new refugee admissions; and to ban the acceptance of Syrian refugees indefinitely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her letter cited a sense of responsibility for both law and justice:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“My responsibility is to ensure that the position of the Department of Justice is not only legally defensible, but is informed by our best view of what the law is after consideration of all the facts. In addition, I am responsible for ensuring that the positions we take in court remain consistent with this institution’s solemn obligation to always seek justice and stand for what is right. At present, I am not convinced that the defense of the Executive Order is consistent with these responsibilities nor am I convinced that the Executive Order is lawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res512538883\" class=\"bucketwrap internallink insettwocolumn inset2col \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"bucket img\">\u003ca id=\"featuredStackSquareImage512158238\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/28/512158238/arrivals-to-u-s-blocked-and-detained-as-trumps-immigration-freeze-sets-in\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"img\" src=\"http://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/01/28/gettyimages-632870216_sq-eb8f7e7a27afc67f0a5413965eff982df1bb6b11-s300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Federal Judge Stays Deportations, Blocking Part Of Trump's Immigration Order\">\u003c/a>\n\u003cdiv class=\"bucketblock\">\n\u003ch3 class=\"slug\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/\">THE TWO-WAY\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/28/512158238/arrivals-to-u-s-blocked-and-detained-as-trumps-immigration-freeze-sets-in\">Federal Judge Stays Deportations, Blocking Part Of Trump’s Immigration Order\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“Consequently, for as long as I am the Acting Attorney General, the Department of Justice will not present arguments in defense of the Executive Order, unless and until I become convinced that it is appropriate to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-backstage-wrap\">\u003c/aside>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-mobilebackfill-wrap\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"ad-mobilebackfill-News_Politics\" class=\"ad-mobilebackfill\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Justice lawyers had been in courts all over the country this past weekend on the opposing side of refugees and travelers, often making weak arguments and stating they didn’t have enough information about the executive order and its legal underpinnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department confirmed its Office of Legal Counsel had done a review of the order to determine whether it was “on its face, lawful, and properly drafted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the objections Yates raised in her bombshell letter pointed out the OLC review didn’t consider statements “made by an administration or its surrogates…that may bear on the order’s purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That passage appeared to refer to comments by Rudy Giuliani, who told Fox News that Trump had wanted to impose a “Muslim ban” but wanted advisers to find a way to do it “legally.” Immigrants rights advocates said Giuliani’s remarks could offer them evidence to prove the administration had a “discriminatory purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order set off chaos — and protests — across the country as many people with valid visas and legal U.S. residents with green cards were denied entry and threatened with deportation. On Saturday night, federal Judge Ann Donnelly issued a stay on the deportations of valid visa holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee Gelernt, deputy director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s Immigrants’ Rights Project, said of the DOJ action: “This is a remarkable but welcome development and sends a powerful message that there’s something very wrong with a Muslim ban.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the news was breaking of the directive from Yates, Trump senior policy adviser Stephen Miller told MSNBC’s Greta Van Susteren that Yates’ decision was “a further demonstration of how politicized our legal system has become.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And inside the White House, Trump tweeted about Democratic obstruction of his nominees, “Now have an Obama AG.” Less than two hours later, Yates was out of a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her successor, Dana Boente, pledged to “defend and enforce the laws of our country to ensure that our people and our nation are protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s very unusual for the Justice Department to refuse to defend a law or an executive order, though it isn’t unprecedented. During the Obama administration, for example, top officials decided not to defend the Defense of Marriage Act that defined marriage as between one man and one woman. The Supreme Court eventually ruled in favor of same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could remove Yates, but there would be no one at the Justice Department who could sign Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act warrants, which would leave a big gap in national security.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yates said she was not “convinced” about the legality of Trump’s decision to block travelers from Iraq, Iran, Syria, Yemen, Sudan, Libya and Somalia for 90 days; to suspend new refugee admissions; and to ban the acceptance of Syrian refugees indefinitely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her letter cited a sense of responsibility for both law and justice:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“My responsibility is to ensure that the position of the Department of Justice is not only legally defensible, but is informed by our best view of what the law is after consideration of all the facts. In addition, I am responsible for ensuring that the positions we take in court remain consistent with this institution’s solemn obligation to always seek justice and stand for what is right. At present, I am not convinced that the defense of the Executive Order is consistent with these responsibilities nor am I convinced that the Executive Order is lawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res512538883\" class=\"bucketwrap internallink insettwocolumn inset2col \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"bucket img\">\u003ca id=\"featuredStackSquareImage512158238\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/28/512158238/arrivals-to-u-s-blocked-and-detained-as-trumps-immigration-freeze-sets-in\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"img\" src=\"http://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/01/28/gettyimages-632870216_sq-eb8f7e7a27afc67f0a5413965eff982df1bb6b11-s300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Federal Judge Stays Deportations, Blocking Part Of Trump's Immigration Order\">\u003c/a>\n\u003cdiv class=\"bucketblock\">\n\u003ch3 class=\"slug\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/\">THE TWO-WAY\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/28/512158238/arrivals-to-u-s-blocked-and-detained-as-trumps-immigration-freeze-sets-in\">Federal Judge Stays Deportations, Blocking Part Of Trump’s Immigration Order\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“Consequently, for as long as I am the Acting Attorney General, the Department of Justice will not present arguments in defense of the Executive Order, unless and until I become convinced that it is appropriate to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-backstage-wrap\">\u003c/aside>\n\u003caside id=\"ad-mobilebackfill-wrap\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"ad-mobilebackfill-News_Politics\" class=\"ad-mobilebackfill\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Justice lawyers had been in courts all over the country this past weekend on the opposing side of refugees and travelers, often making weak arguments and stating they didn’t have enough information about the executive order and its legal underpinnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department confirmed its Office of Legal Counsel had done a review of the order to determine whether it was “on its face, lawful, and properly drafted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the objections Yates raised in her bombshell letter pointed out the OLC review didn’t consider statements “made by an administration or its surrogates…that may bear on the order’s purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That passage appeared to refer to comments by Rudy Giuliani, who told Fox News that Trump had wanted to impose a “Muslim ban” but wanted advisers to find a way to do it “legally.” Immigrants rights advocates said Giuliani’s remarks could offer them evidence to prove the administration had a “discriminatory purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order set off chaos — and protests — across the country as many people with valid visas and legal U.S. residents with green cards were denied entry and threatened with deportation. On Saturday night, federal Judge Ann Donnelly issued a stay on the deportations of valid visa holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee Gelernt, deputy director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s Immigrants’ Rights Project, said of the DOJ action: “This is a remarkable but welcome development and sends a powerful message that there’s something very wrong with a Muslim ban.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the news was breaking of the directive from Yates, Trump senior policy adviser Stephen Miller told MSNBC’s Greta Van Susteren that Yates’ decision was “a further demonstration of how politicized our legal system has become.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And inside the White House, Trump tweeted about Democratic obstruction of his nominees, “Now have an Obama AG.” Less than two hours later, Yates was out of a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her successor, Dana Boente, pledged to “defend and enforce the laws of our country to ensure that our people and our nation are protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s very unusual for the Justice Department to refuse to defend a law or an executive order, though it isn’t unprecedented. During the Obama administration, for example, top officials decided not to defend the Defense of Marriage Act that defined marriage as between one man and one woman. The Supreme Court eventually ruled in favor of same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could remove Yates, but there would be no one at the Justice Department who could sign Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act warrants, which would leave a big gap in national security.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Sanctuary Cities Are Safer",
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"content": "\u003cp>In his continued efforts to address the number of undocumented immigrants in the country, President Trump took a harder line against cities and jurisdictions whose mayors have said they won't cooperate with his plans to enlist their police forces to help the federal government round up undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president said that he will cut federal funding to the police budgets of so-called sanctuary cities — like\u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/11/11/new-york-los-angeles-sanctuary-cities-donald-trump/\"> New York\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://wgntv.com/2017/01/25/city-council-mayor-emanuel-say-chicago-remains-sanctuary-city/\">Chicago\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://dcist.com/2017/01/mayor_bowser_1.php\">Washington, D.C \u003c/a>— which could cost them \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170125/midtown/sanctuary-city-new-york-funding-how-much\">billions of dollars\u003c/a>. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.macfound.org/fellows/953/\">Ahilan Arulanantham\u003c/a>, a human rights attorney, told us on\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\"> the Code Switch podcast this week\u003c/a> that some big legal fights are likely between those cities and the White House over whether the federal government has the authority to withhold that law enforcement funding.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if threatening to cut off federal funding won't make sanctuary cities fall in line, the president is ready to try shaming them. According to one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/25/text-trump-executive-order-on-enhancing-public-safety-in-interior-united-states.html\">executive orders he signed on immigration enforcement this week,\u003c/a> the White House intends to publicize when sanctuary cities do not comply by \"[making] public a comprehensive list of criminal actions committed by aliens and any jurisdiction that ignored or otherwise failed to honor any detainers with respect to such aliens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not clear yet exactly how the White House will publicize this catalog of crimes committed by immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the available data on crime, immigration and safety in cities does not support the premise for the president's actions. \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/06/immigrants-and-crime/486884/\">News outlets \u003c/a>and researchers pointed out during the presidential campaign that immigrants who are in the country illegally are less likely to commit crimes or be incarcerated than the general population. The American Immigration Council noted \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/the_criminalization_of_immigration_in_the_united_states.pdf\">in a 2015 study\u003c/a> that the recent period of rising immigration to the United States from 1990 to 2013 also corresponded with plummeting crime rates across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/reports/2017/01/26/297366/the-effects-of-sanctuary-policies-on-crime-and-the-economy/\">a new study conducted by Tom K. Wong\u003c/a>, a political scientist at UC San Diego, found that there are broad benefits for local jurisdictions that resist cooperating with federal immigration enforcement — they are safer in the aggregate and enjoy stronger economies. \"For the first time we're kind of seeing that crime rates are lower when localities stay out of the business of federal immigration enforcement,\" Wong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He looked at federal data on immigration detainers, an ICE-initiated 48-hour hold on anyone identified as being in the country illegally. When someone is arrested and detained in a local jail, their fingerprints are cross-referenced with a federal database of undocumented immigrants. If the fingerprints match those of someone known to be in the country illegally, ICE can ask local law enforcement to hold that person as federal officials decide whether to start the deportation process. (There have been court battles over whether holding people for days without actual charges with these federal immigration detainer requests is in violation of the Constitution.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong compared the data from thousands of counties, those that ICE said did not honor detainer requests and those that did. \"We don't have to make up a definition of what a sanctuary locality is,\" Wong said. \"We have ICE telling us what it thinks a sanctuary county is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, counties that did not comply with ICE requests experienced 35.5 fewer crimes per 10,000 people than those that did. Wong also found that counties that did not comply with detainer requests had higher household incomes, lower rates of unemployment, lower rates of poverty and were less likely to have children under 18 in households receiving public benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crime numbers did not surprise Wong. Research has shown that working with federal immigration enforcement made it harder for local police agencies to investigate crimes because witnesses and victims who were in the country illegally would be less likely to come forward if they thought they risked being detained and deported. It could be that sanctuary counties have immigrant populations who are more integrated into their social fabric and economies, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research also revealed that smaller, more rural counties experienced the most significant impact from sanctuary policies on their crime rates (lower) and economies (stronger). Taken together, Wong said, the net benefits to sanctuary cities would offset the impact of Trump's shame offensive on them. \"The ultimate effect is going to be minimal,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Sanctuary+Cities+Are+Safer&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump has taken a hard line against \"sanctuary cities\" that don't aid federal officials in deporting immigrants. But a new study shows that those cities have lower crime and unemployment.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In his continued efforts to address the number of undocumented immigrants in the country, President Trump took a harder line against cities and jurisdictions whose mayors have said they won't cooperate with his plans to enlist their police forces to help the federal government round up undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president said that he will cut federal funding to the police budgets of so-called sanctuary cities — like\u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/11/11/new-york-los-angeles-sanctuary-cities-donald-trump/\"> New York\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://wgntv.com/2017/01/25/city-council-mayor-emanuel-say-chicago-remains-sanctuary-city/\">Chicago\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://dcist.com/2017/01/mayor_bowser_1.php\">Washington, D.C \u003c/a>— which could cost them \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170125/midtown/sanctuary-city-new-york-funding-how-much\">billions of dollars\u003c/a>. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.macfound.org/fellows/953/\">Ahilan Arulanantham\u003c/a>, a human rights attorney, told us on\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\"> the Code Switch podcast this week\u003c/a> that some big legal fights are likely between those cities and the White House over whether the federal government has the authority to withhold that law enforcement funding.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if threatening to cut off federal funding won't make sanctuary cities fall in line, the president is ready to try shaming them. According to one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/25/text-trump-executive-order-on-enhancing-public-safety-in-interior-united-states.html\">executive orders he signed on immigration enforcement this week,\u003c/a> the White House intends to publicize when sanctuary cities do not comply by \"[making] public a comprehensive list of criminal actions committed by aliens and any jurisdiction that ignored or otherwise failed to honor any detainers with respect to such aliens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not clear yet exactly how the White House will publicize this catalog of crimes committed by immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the available data on crime, immigration and safety in cities does not support the premise for the president's actions. \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/06/immigrants-and-crime/486884/\">News outlets \u003c/a>and researchers pointed out during the presidential campaign that immigrants who are in the country illegally are less likely to commit crimes or be incarcerated than the general population. The American Immigration Council noted \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/the_criminalization_of_immigration_in_the_united_states.pdf\">in a 2015 study\u003c/a> that the recent period of rising immigration to the United States from 1990 to 2013 also corresponded with plummeting crime rates across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/reports/2017/01/26/297366/the-effects-of-sanctuary-policies-on-crime-and-the-economy/\">a new study conducted by Tom K. Wong\u003c/a>, a political scientist at UC San Diego, found that there are broad benefits for local jurisdictions that resist cooperating with federal immigration enforcement — they are safer in the aggregate and enjoy stronger economies. \"For the first time we're kind of seeing that crime rates are lower when localities stay out of the business of federal immigration enforcement,\" Wong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He looked at federal data on immigration detainers, an ICE-initiated 48-hour hold on anyone identified as being in the country illegally. When someone is arrested and detained in a local jail, their fingerprints are cross-referenced with a federal database of undocumented immigrants. If the fingerprints match those of someone known to be in the country illegally, ICE can ask local law enforcement to hold that person as federal officials decide whether to start the deportation process. (There have been court battles over whether holding people for days without actual charges with these federal immigration detainer requests is in violation of the Constitution.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong compared the data from thousands of counties, those that ICE said did not honor detainer requests and those that did. \"We don't have to make up a definition of what a sanctuary locality is,\" Wong said. \"We have ICE telling us what it thinks a sanctuary county is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, counties that did not comply with ICE requests experienced 35.5 fewer crimes per 10,000 people than those that did. Wong also found that counties that did not comply with detainer requests had higher household incomes, lower rates of unemployment, lower rates of poverty and were less likely to have children under 18 in households receiving public benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crime numbers did not surprise Wong. Research has shown that working with federal immigration enforcement made it harder for local police agencies to investigate crimes because witnesses and victims who were in the country illegally would be less likely to come forward if they thought they risked being detained and deported. It could be that sanctuary counties have immigrant populations who are more integrated into their social fabric and economies, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research also revealed that smaller, more rural counties experienced the most significant impact from sanctuary policies on their crime rates (lower) and economies (stronger). Taken together, Wong said, the net benefits to sanctuary cities would offset the impact of Trump's shame offensive on them. \"The ultimate effect is going to be minimal,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Sanctuary+Cities+Are+Safer&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump's Immigration Ban Takes Effect, Triggering Chaos and Protests",
"title": "Trump's Immigration Ban Takes Effect, Triggering Chaos and Protests",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:47 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive order on immigration is sending shockwaves across the U.S. and the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one day after he enacted a ban on the admittance of all refugees to the United States, temporarily freezing immigration from seven mostly Muslim countries, confusion, chaos fear are roiling international airports. Refugees are being barred from boarding U.S.-bound flights. Immigrants are being detained at U.S. airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protests are rising up at JFK and Los Angeles airports. Thousands of leading academics have \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2017/01/27/eleven-nobel-laureates-thousands-of-academics-sign-protest-of-trump-immigration-order/?utm_term=.996de0f0dfcc\">signed a petition denouncing Trump's actions\u003c/a>. And top technology companies whose staff have been affected, are criticizing the move by the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11290710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters rally outside Kennedy International Airport to protest Trump's executive order on Saturday. New York City officials and immigrant advocates are holding are also holding a vigil at the airport Saturday evening.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11290710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally outside Kennedy International Airport to protest Trump's executive order on Saturday. New York City officials and immigrant advocates are holding are also holding a vigil at the airport Saturday evening. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Keith/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To cement the exigency of this move, on Saturday afternoon the State Department issued the following statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Urgent Notice: Executive Order on Protecting the Nation from Terrorist Attacks by Foreign Nationals\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JANUARY 27, 2017\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urgent Notice\u003c/strong>\u003cbr> Per the Executive Order on Protecting the Nation from Terrorist Attacks by Foreign Nationals signed on January 27, 2017, visa issuance to nationals of the countries of Iraq, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen has been suspended effective immediately until further notification. If you are a citizen of one of these countries, please do not schedule a visa appointment or pay any visa fees at this time. If you already have an appointment scheduled, please \u003cstrong>DO NOT ATTEND\u003c/strong>. You will not be permitted entry to the Embassy/Consulate. We will announce any other changes affecting travelers to the United States as soon as that information is available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/WangCecillia/status/825350399867514880\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the day, several Iraqi refugees in Cairo, who had been cleared for resettlement in the U.S., were blocked from boarding their flight to New York City. And in Iraq, NPR's Jane Arraf reported that \"members of Yazidi minority, one of the biggest victims of ISIS, were prevented from boarding despite having visas.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green card holders — legal permanent residents of the U.S. — are also included in the ban, according to a senior Trump administration official. The official says they will need a case-by-case waiver in order to return to the U.S. if they are currently outside the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Almost 200 Google employees affected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Aarti Shahani told our Newscast that the CEOs of leading technology companies are taking a stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Google CEO Sundar Pichai said in an email to staff on Friday that the executive order affects at least 187 of his employees and that it's, quote, \"painful to see the personal cost\" of this move by the president. He said the company is \"upset\" about any immigration restrictions that prevent \"great talent\" from coming to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wrote in a post on his facebook page that \"We need to keep this country safe, but we should do that by focusing on people who actually pose a threat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Travis Kalanick, chief of Uber, wrote in an email to his staff (and posted on Facebook) that about a dozen employees were affected, and that this ban will impact many innocent people. He said it's an issue he plans to raise this Friday — when he goes to Washington. He is part of President Trump's business advisory group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"HEznenFmdOEPjPb6hYyACLNdYYHd9dOr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Detained at airports\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At major U.S. airports, NPR's Kirk Siegler reports international refugee assistance groups are sending attorneys and translators to support new arrivals who are being detained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Iraqi men were held at Kennedy Airport in New York on Saturday. The ACLU and other legal organizations filed a writ of habeas corpus for the two men Saturday in an attempt to obtain their clients' release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those men, Hameed Khalid Darweesh, was later released from detention on Saturday, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/825397655048171521\">U.S. Rep. Jerry Nadler tweeted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/825397655048171521\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Darweesh and Haider Sameer Abdulkhaleq Alshawi had been granted U.S. visas after the federal government \"deemed both Petitioners not to pose threats to the United States,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/petition-writ-habeas-corpus-and-complaint-declaratory-and-injunctive-relief?redirect=legal-document/petition-writ-habeas-corpus-and-complaint-declaratory-and-injunctive-reliefpetition\">the court filing reads.\u003c/a> The filing says both men are being held at the airport by Customs and Border Protection \"solely pursuant to an executive order issued\" Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorney Cecilia Wang tells NPR that Darweesh had arrived with his wife and child, but that he was held behind as his family was permitted to proceed. For his part, Alshawi's wife and child live in Houston with green cards, Wang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Friedman, a U.S. Army veteran and former Obama administration official, explains to NPR's Scott Simon that Darweesh worked with him as a translator during his service in Iraq. Darweesh was \"approved for a special immigrant visa, given for his time and service to the U.S. government,\" Friedman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Friday, Friedman began tweeting about his opposition to Trump's order, as well as a photo \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BFriedmanDC/status/825183272690974720\" target=\"_blank\">showing a pair of men he said helped his team\u003c/a> and were \"no longer welcome in the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hameed was one of the first people to sign up to work with us. He helped interpret, he hooked us up with things that we needed and helped us generally get through the communities that we were operating in in Iraq,\" Friedman tells Simon. \"And he put his life on the line. He risked his family's life to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AliAbdi88/status/825190426806276096\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://nadler.house.gov/press-release/reps-nadler-and-velazquez-demand-release-refugees-held-jfk-under-trumps-new-executive\">joint statement\u003c/a>, Reps. Nadler and Nydia Velazquez say they are continuing to work for the release of 11 other people still held at the airport in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of both sets of detainments follows on the heels of Trump's Friday order, which also halted all refugee admission to the U.S. Trump's freeze on immigration applies not only to people from Iraq and Yemen, but also Syria, Iran, Libya, Somalia and Sudan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Deteriorating conditions in certain countries due to war, strife, disaster, and civil unrest increase the likelihood that terrorists will use any means possible to enter our country,\" the executive order reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Order shuts door to all refugees\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Scott Horsley explains further:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The order shuts the door to all refugees for four months and suspends entry of Syrian refugees indefinitely. It shrinks the overall refugee program by more than half. Trump told a Christian broadcaster that preference will be given to Christian refugees from the Middle East.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Colleges and universities around the U.S. have been advising students from the seven listed countries — including lawful permanent residents — not to leave the U.S. until there is further clarity on the new rules. Students at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kylegriffin1/status/825202805820497922\">Princeton\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/agranato42/status/825184898696650752\">Stanford\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/okmikaela/status/825165447960072192\">Chapman University\u003c/a>, among others. reported letters from their respective schools recommending caution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.chronicle.com/blogs/ticker/colleges-scramble-after-trumps-executive-order-bans-citizens-of-7-muslim-countries/116624\">The Chronicle of Higher Education noted\u003c/a> one Iranian student in Yale's Ph.D. program who says he may be stranded after leaving the U.S. for a research trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/01/27/511861645/trumps-immigration-freeze-omits-those-linked-to-deadly-attacks-in-u-s\">NPR's Greg Myre reports\u003c/a>, Trump's executive order \"doesn't include any countries from which radicalized Muslims have actually killed Americans in the U.S. since Sept. 11, 2001.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg notes that the countries of origin of radicalized Muslims who have killed Americans on U.S. soil, beginning on Sept. 11, are instead Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Russia, United Arab Emirates and Pakistan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 6:47 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive order on immigration is sending shockwaves across the U.S. and the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one day after he enacted a ban on the admittance of all refugees to the United States, temporarily freezing immigration from seven mostly Muslim countries, confusion, chaos fear are roiling international airports. Refugees are being barred from boarding U.S.-bound flights. Immigrants are being detained at U.S. airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protests are rising up at JFK and Los Angeles airports. Thousands of leading academics have \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2017/01/27/eleven-nobel-laureates-thousands-of-academics-sign-protest-of-trump-immigration-order/?utm_term=.996de0f0dfcc\">signed a petition denouncing Trump's actions\u003c/a>. And top technology companies whose staff have been affected, are criticizing the move by the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11290710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters rally outside Kennedy International Airport to protest Trump's executive order on Saturday. New York City officials and immigrant advocates are holding are also holding a vigil at the airport Saturday evening.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11290710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/gettyimages-632921536-7aa56eaa9f8bd911ace7b7dd73dd542b7a06f428-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally outside Kennedy International Airport to protest Trump's executive order on Saturday. New York City officials and immigrant advocates are holding are also holding a vigil at the airport Saturday evening. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Keith/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To cement the exigency of this move, on Saturday afternoon the State Department issued the following statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Urgent Notice: Executive Order on Protecting the Nation from Terrorist Attacks by Foreign Nationals\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JANUARY 27, 2017\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urgent Notice\u003c/strong>\u003cbr> Per the Executive Order on Protecting the Nation from Terrorist Attacks by Foreign Nationals signed on January 27, 2017, visa issuance to nationals of the countries of Iraq, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen has been suspended effective immediately until further notification. If you are a citizen of one of these countries, please do not schedule a visa appointment or pay any visa fees at this time. If you already have an appointment scheduled, please \u003cstrong>DO NOT ATTEND\u003c/strong>. You will not be permitted entry to the Embassy/Consulate. We will announce any other changes affecting travelers to the United States as soon as that information is available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier in the day, several Iraqi refugees in Cairo, who had been cleared for resettlement in the U.S., were blocked from boarding their flight to New York City. And in Iraq, NPR's Jane Arraf reported that \"members of Yazidi minority, one of the biggest victims of ISIS, were prevented from boarding despite having visas.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green card holders — legal permanent residents of the U.S. — are also included in the ban, according to a senior Trump administration official. The official says they will need a case-by-case waiver in order to return to the U.S. if they are currently outside the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Almost 200 Google employees affected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Aarti Shahani told our Newscast that the CEOs of leading technology companies are taking a stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"Google CEO Sundar Pichai said in an email to staff on Friday that the executive order affects at least 187 of his employees and that it's, quote, \"painful to see the personal cost\" of this move by the president. He said the company is \"upset\" about any immigration restrictions that prevent \"great talent\" from coming to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wrote in a post on his facebook page that \"We need to keep this country safe, but we should do that by focusing on people who actually pose a threat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Travis Kalanick, chief of Uber, wrote in an email to his staff (and posted on Facebook) that about a dozen employees were affected, and that this ban will impact many innocent people. He said it's an issue he plans to raise this Friday — when he goes to Washington. He is part of President Trump's business advisory group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Detained at airports\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At major U.S. airports, NPR's Kirk Siegler reports international refugee assistance groups are sending attorneys and translators to support new arrivals who are being detained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Iraqi men were held at Kennedy Airport in New York on Saturday. The ACLU and other legal organizations filed a writ of habeas corpus for the two men Saturday in an attempt to obtain their clients' release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those men, Hameed Khalid Darweesh, was later released from detention on Saturday, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/825397655048171521\">U.S. Rep. Jerry Nadler tweeted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Both Darweesh and Haider Sameer Abdulkhaleq Alshawi had been granted U.S. visas after the federal government \"deemed both Petitioners not to pose threats to the United States,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/petition-writ-habeas-corpus-and-complaint-declaratory-and-injunctive-relief?redirect=legal-document/petition-writ-habeas-corpus-and-complaint-declaratory-and-injunctive-reliefpetition\">the court filing reads.\u003c/a> The filing says both men are being held at the airport by Customs and Border Protection \"solely pursuant to an executive order issued\" Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorney Cecilia Wang tells NPR that Darweesh had arrived with his wife and child, but that he was held behind as his family was permitted to proceed. For his part, Alshawi's wife and child live in Houston with green cards, Wang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Friedman, a U.S. Army veteran and former Obama administration official, explains to NPR's Scott Simon that Darweesh worked with him as a translator during his service in Iraq. Darweesh was \"approved for a special immigrant visa, given for his time and service to the U.S. government,\" Friedman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Friday, Friedman began tweeting about his opposition to Trump's order, as well as a photo \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BFriedmanDC/status/825183272690974720\" target=\"_blank\">showing a pair of men he said helped his team\u003c/a> and were \"no longer welcome in the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hameed was one of the first people to sign up to work with us. He helped interpret, he hooked us up with things that we needed and helped us generally get through the communities that we were operating in in Iraq,\" Friedman tells Simon. \"And he put his life on the line. He risked his family's life to do that.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://nadler.house.gov/press-release/reps-nadler-and-velazquez-demand-release-refugees-held-jfk-under-trumps-new-executive\">joint statement\u003c/a>, Reps. Nadler and Nydia Velazquez say they are continuing to work for the release of 11 other people still held at the airport in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of both sets of detainments follows on the heels of Trump's Friday order, which also halted all refugee admission to the U.S. Trump's freeze on immigration applies not only to people from Iraq and Yemen, but also Syria, Iran, Libya, Somalia and Sudan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Deteriorating conditions in certain countries due to war, strife, disaster, and civil unrest increase the likelihood that terrorists will use any means possible to enter our country,\" the executive order reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Order shuts door to all refugees\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Scott Horsley explains further:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The order shuts the door to all refugees for four months and suspends entry of Syrian refugees indefinitely. It shrinks the overall refugee program by more than half. Trump told a Christian broadcaster that preference will be given to Christian refugees from the Middle East.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Colleges and universities around the U.S. have been advising students from the seven listed countries — including lawful permanent residents — not to leave the U.S. until there is further clarity on the new rules. Students at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kylegriffin1/status/825202805820497922\">Princeton\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/agranato42/status/825184898696650752\">Stanford\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/okmikaela/status/825165447960072192\">Chapman University\u003c/a>, among others. reported letters from their respective schools recommending caution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.chronicle.com/blogs/ticker/colleges-scramble-after-trumps-executive-order-bans-citizens-of-7-muslim-countries/116624\">The Chronicle of Higher Education noted\u003c/a> one Iranian student in Yale's Ph.D. program who says he may be stranded after leaving the U.S. for a research trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/01/27/511861645/trumps-immigration-freeze-omits-those-linked-to-deadly-attacks-in-u-s\">NPR's Greg Myre reports\u003c/a>, Trump's executive order \"doesn't include any countries from which radicalized Muslims have actually killed Americans in the U.S. since Sept. 11, 2001.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg notes that the countries of origin of radicalized Muslims who have killed Americans on U.S. soil, beginning on Sept. 11, are instead Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Russia, United Arab Emirates and Pakistan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Donald Trump's First Week as President: What's Reality in the Show",
"title": "Donald Trump's First Week as President: What's Reality in the Show",
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"content": "\u003cp>The first week of the Trump administration has been marked by a flurry of executive actions — and lots of bombast and argument with the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive actions — in the form of orders and memorandums, \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/01/24/executive-order-vs-presidential-memorandum-whats-difference/96979014/\">which differ slightly\u003c/a> — aim to show that President Trump will deliver on the promises made by Candidate Trump. And the actions hit on many of the most contentious issues in American politics: Trump moved to repeal the Affordable Care Act, remove roadblocks from the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines, impose a hiring freeze on federal employees, withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and withhold federal funds from so-called\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/19/502684089/trump-vows-to-end-sanctuary-cities-but-no-one-can-agree-what-that-label-means\"> sanctuary cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, Trump and his surrogates claimed to have drawn the largest-ever inauguration crowd (\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/21/510994742/trump-administration-goes-to-war-with-the-media-over-inauguration-crowd-size\">he didn't\u003c/a>), said that 3 million to 5 million votes were illegally cast (no evidence of that), softened his stance toward the CIA and said that he would announce his pick for the Supreme Court next week. The Senate approved four of his nominees for high-level positions, and 10 others have finished their confirmation hearings and await votes. And it comes as congressional Republicans huddle to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511800216/gop-200-day-agenda-calls-for-spending-tax-cuts-but-what-about-the-deficit\">figure out a legislative way forward \u003c/a>with the new president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, we take a look at the biggest issues and where they stand, one week into the Trump presidency:\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Affordable Care Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours of being inaugurated as the 45th president of the United States, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/2/executive-order-minimizing-economic-burden-patient-protection-and\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that seeks to \"ease the burdens\" of the Affordable Care Act, otherwise known as Obamacare. The order allows the head of the Department of Health and Human Services, or any other agency with authority under the law, to not enforce regulations that impose a financial burden on a state, company or individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"pgKMryTgISmJDjMtS22xMvS2thYG1Lg7\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong> It's not totally clear yet. The order is so broad that it's possible it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/21/510901402/trumps-executive-order-could-dismantle-parts-of-aca-before-replacement-is-ready\">could dismantle key parts of the ACA before a replacement plan is ready\u003c/a>, owing to a potential lack of enforcement of some of the tax provisions like the mandate, the requirement that if you don't have health insurance, you have to buy it. That's despite previous statements from Republican lawmakers that a replacement plan would immediately follow repeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action adds a lot of confusion to an already complicated system. Trump's pick to lead the Department of Health and Human Services, Rep. Tom Price, hasn't yet had his confirmation hearing or vote. He will be responsible for administering the program and exchanges run by the federal government for states that opted not to create their own systems. Price is an opponent of the ACA, and congressional Republicans are vowing to repeal the law. But they haven't yet settled on an alternative. Trump has also confused matters with a pledge to offer \"insurance for everybody,\" though congressional Republicans say they assume he means \"access\" for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Immigration and a border wall\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Trump signed two executive orders related to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">immigration\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvementshttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvements\">border security\u003c/a>, shortly after the new head of the Department of Homeland Security, Marine Gen. John Kelly, was sworn in. \"Beginning today, the United States of America gets back control of its borders,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2TsJ7oOUBNeZ3eLXE1acR8rESwevk256\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move communicated that Trump planned to follow through with his oft-spoken-of plan to build a border wall, estimated to cost $15 billion or more. The fallout was immediate: Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto canceled a planned visit to Trump in Washington next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and Congress need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511619026/donald-trumps-moving-forward-with-his-wall-is-it-really-going-to-happen\">figure out how to pay for it, for starters\u003c/a>. Though Trump has repeatedly said he would make Mexico pay for the wall, on Wednesday he told ABC News that the U.S. will be \"reimbursed at a later date\" by Mexico for the costs of building the wall. Congressional Republicans vowed to come up with the funding during a policy retreat Thursday in Philadelphia, though they did not specify how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters that one way the administration is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511861462/trumps-suggested-import-tax-would-mean-americans-pay-for-that-wall\">considering paying for the wall is via a 20 percent tax on imports \u003c/a>from Mexico — a cost that would mean that U.S. consumers would, in fact, pay for the wall. Ironically, that was part of a congressional plan that Trump, less than two weeks ago, derided as \"too complicated.\" Hours later, the White House walked it back, saying there are many funding options being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Voter fraud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump told congressional leaders in a bipartisan, bicameral meeting at the White House that he would have won the popular vote, were it not for 3 million to 5 million votes cast against him by \"illegals.\" When asked about it at the Tuesday press briefing, Spicer affirmed that \"the president does believe that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xWChhHh17HtsA6vCkHkj3le4BQC0D1Z7\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was revealed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/us/politics/trump-bernhard-langer-voting-fraud.html?_r=0\">New York Times\u003c/a> that Trump is partially basing his belief on a story he heard thirdhand from a professional golfer, born in Germany, who wasn't allowed to vote in Florida and claimed there were people in line behind him who looked like they shouldn't be allowed to vote. After NPR's Mara Liasson pressed Spicer at a White House briefing on why the president wouldn't call for an investigation into something that could be the biggest scandal in U.S. history, Trump tweeted, in fact, that he would. On Thursday, Spicer told reporters Trump will issue an executive action calling for a probe of voter fraud in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's insistence that massive voter fraud occurred would seem to set up a showdown between the White House and ... the evidence. So far, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511420960/trump-still-insists-millions-voted-illegally-theres-no-evidence-of-that\">no evidence of significant voter fraud has come to light\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it's unclear. The White House insists it will issue an executive action to launch an investigation, but it's uncertain what form a probe would take. Would it be run by the White House? Would the Justice Department take it up (even though the Justice Department is supposed to operate independently of the White House)? The U.S. has already conducted a voter fraud investigation, by the way, during the Bush administration — and found no evidence of widespread voter fraud, turning up only \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/12/washington/12fraud.html\">120 people charged and 86 convicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>The environment and infrastructure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Trump signed \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511402501/trump-to-give-green-light-to-keystone-dakota-access-pipelines\">five executive actions \u003c/a>relating to the Keystone XL pipeline, the Dakota Access Pipeline, using American materials when building pipelines, reducing regulations for domestic manufacturing, and \"expediting environmental reviews and approval for high-priority infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1iJ9trT1sQFLGlk9BQ2F99r2YDXq9d7f\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipelines had been stopped during the Obama administration. Trump's actions mean that the owner of the Keystone XL pipeline could apply again for a construction permit, and it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/26/511892321/transcanada-submits-new-application-to-build-keystone-xl-pipeline\">did exactly that Thursday night\u003c/a>. Trump also encouraged the Army Corps of Engineers to\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/assets/news/2017/01/DakotaAccessConstruction.pdf\"> expedite the review and approval process\u003c/a> for the section of the Dakota Access Pipeline that hasn't been built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dakota Access issue will probably head back to federal court: The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe said it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/24/511411653/trumps-move-on-keystone-xl-dakota-access-outrages-activists\">will take legal action \u003c/a>to fight Trump's decision, saying the pipeline \"risks contaminating tribal and American water supplies while disregarding treaty rights.\" Demonstrators remain camped near the site where the Dakota Access Pipeline is slated to cross under the Missouri River.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Hiring freeze for federal workers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump signed a presidential memorandum imposing a hiring freeze on federal workers, with exceptions for military positions and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ramifications are immediate: The freeze is now in effect and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/pentagon-sill-scrambling-to-understand-trump-hiring-freeze/2017/01/24/390a8c2a-e24f-11e6-ba11-63c4b4fb5a63_story.html\">is scheduled to last 90 days\u003c/a>. It's expected that by then the Office of Management and Budget will have a longer-term plan for shrinking the federal government. The impact, though, is far-reaching. The federal government employs some 2.8 million people, \u003ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/gov-data/federal-employees-workforce-numbers-by-state.html\">more than 80 percent of whom live outside \u003c/a>Washington, D.C., Maryland or Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vjg58R7BVdorsMHxjIlonufU1rnuJz1B\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps are for the exceptions to be hammered out; the memorandum states that \"the head of any executive department or agency may exempt from the hiring freeze any positions that it deems necessary to meet national security or public safety responsibilities.\" That could give agency heads at least some flexibility to hire as needed. Other exceptions could also emerge. The Department of Veterans Affairs, for example, has 45,000 job openings, and Trump's nominee to lead the VA had \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511469982/hiring-freeze-and-obamacare-repeal-could-clobber-veterans-affairs\">said he needs to fill those openings \u003c/a> to serve veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "He proposed actions on building a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, moving toward dismantling Obamacare and even promising a voter fraud investigation. So what can he get done — and not?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first week of the Trump administration has been marked by a flurry of executive actions — and lots of bombast and argument with the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive actions — in the form of orders and memorandums, \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/01/24/executive-order-vs-presidential-memorandum-whats-difference/96979014/\">which differ slightly\u003c/a> — aim to show that President Trump will deliver on the promises made by Candidate Trump. And the actions hit on many of the most contentious issues in American politics: Trump moved to repeal the Affordable Care Act, remove roadblocks from the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines, impose a hiring freeze on federal employees, withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and withhold federal funds from so-called\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/19/502684089/trump-vows-to-end-sanctuary-cities-but-no-one-can-agree-what-that-label-means\"> sanctuary cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, Trump and his surrogates claimed to have drawn the largest-ever inauguration crowd (\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/21/510994742/trump-administration-goes-to-war-with-the-media-over-inauguration-crowd-size\">he didn't\u003c/a>), said that 3 million to 5 million votes were illegally cast (no evidence of that), softened his stance toward the CIA and said that he would announce his pick for the Supreme Court next week. The Senate approved four of his nominees for high-level positions, and 10 others have finished their confirmation hearings and await votes. And it comes as congressional Republicans huddle to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511800216/gop-200-day-agenda-calls-for-spending-tax-cuts-but-what-about-the-deficit\">figure out a legislative way forward \u003c/a>with the new president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, we take a look at the biggest issues and where they stand, one week into the Trump presidency:\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Affordable Care Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours of being inaugurated as the 45th president of the United States, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/2/executive-order-minimizing-economic-burden-patient-protection-and\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that seeks to \"ease the burdens\" of the Affordable Care Act, otherwise known as Obamacare. The order allows the head of the Department of Health and Human Services, or any other agency with authority under the law, to not enforce regulations that impose a financial burden on a state, company or individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong> It's not totally clear yet. The order is so broad that it's possible it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/21/510901402/trumps-executive-order-could-dismantle-parts-of-aca-before-replacement-is-ready\">could dismantle key parts of the ACA before a replacement plan is ready\u003c/a>, owing to a potential lack of enforcement of some of the tax provisions like the mandate, the requirement that if you don't have health insurance, you have to buy it. That's despite previous statements from Republican lawmakers that a replacement plan would immediately follow repeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action adds a lot of confusion to an already complicated system. Trump's pick to lead the Department of Health and Human Services, Rep. Tom Price, hasn't yet had his confirmation hearing or vote. He will be responsible for administering the program and exchanges run by the federal government for states that opted not to create their own systems. Price is an opponent of the ACA, and congressional Republicans are vowing to repeal the law. But they haven't yet settled on an alternative. Trump has also confused matters with a pledge to offer \"insurance for everybody,\" though congressional Republicans say they assume he means \"access\" for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Immigration and a border wall\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Trump signed two executive orders related to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">immigration\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvementshttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvements\">border security\u003c/a>, shortly after the new head of the Department of Homeland Security, Marine Gen. John Kelly, was sworn in. \"Beginning today, the United States of America gets back control of its borders,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move communicated that Trump planned to follow through with his oft-spoken-of plan to build a border wall, estimated to cost $15 billion or more. The fallout was immediate: Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto canceled a planned visit to Trump in Washington next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and Congress need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511619026/donald-trumps-moving-forward-with-his-wall-is-it-really-going-to-happen\">figure out how to pay for it, for starters\u003c/a>. Though Trump has repeatedly said he would make Mexico pay for the wall, on Wednesday he told ABC News that the U.S. will be \"reimbursed at a later date\" by Mexico for the costs of building the wall. Congressional Republicans vowed to come up with the funding during a policy retreat Thursday in Philadelphia, though they did not specify how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters that one way the administration is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511861462/trumps-suggested-import-tax-would-mean-americans-pay-for-that-wall\">considering paying for the wall is via a 20 percent tax on imports \u003c/a>from Mexico — a cost that would mean that U.S. consumers would, in fact, pay for the wall. Ironically, that was part of a congressional plan that Trump, less than two weeks ago, derided as \"too complicated.\" Hours later, the White House walked it back, saying there are many funding options being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Voter fraud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump told congressional leaders in a bipartisan, bicameral meeting at the White House that he would have won the popular vote, were it not for 3 million to 5 million votes cast against him by \"illegals.\" When asked about it at the Tuesday press briefing, Spicer affirmed that \"the president does believe that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was revealed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/us/politics/trump-bernhard-langer-voting-fraud.html?_r=0\">New York Times\u003c/a> that Trump is partially basing his belief on a story he heard thirdhand from a professional golfer, born in Germany, who wasn't allowed to vote in Florida and claimed there were people in line behind him who looked like they shouldn't be allowed to vote. After NPR's Mara Liasson pressed Spicer at a White House briefing on why the president wouldn't call for an investigation into something that could be the biggest scandal in U.S. history, Trump tweeted, in fact, that he would. On Thursday, Spicer told reporters Trump will issue an executive action calling for a probe of voter fraud in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's insistence that massive voter fraud occurred would seem to set up a showdown between the White House and ... the evidence. So far, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511420960/trump-still-insists-millions-voted-illegally-theres-no-evidence-of-that\">no evidence of significant voter fraud has come to light\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it's unclear. The White House insists it will issue an executive action to launch an investigation, but it's uncertain what form a probe would take. Would it be run by the White House? Would the Justice Department take it up (even though the Justice Department is supposed to operate independently of the White House)? The U.S. has already conducted a voter fraud investigation, by the way, during the Bush administration — and found no evidence of widespread voter fraud, turning up only \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/12/washington/12fraud.html\">120 people charged and 86 convicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>The environment and infrastructure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Trump signed \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511402501/trump-to-give-green-light-to-keystone-dakota-access-pipelines\">five executive actions \u003c/a>relating to the Keystone XL pipeline, the Dakota Access Pipeline, using American materials when building pipelines, reducing regulations for domestic manufacturing, and \"expediting environmental reviews and approval for high-priority infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipelines had been stopped during the Obama administration. Trump's actions mean that the owner of the Keystone XL pipeline could apply again for a construction permit, and it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/26/511892321/transcanada-submits-new-application-to-build-keystone-xl-pipeline\">did exactly that Thursday night\u003c/a>. Trump also encouraged the Army Corps of Engineers to\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/assets/news/2017/01/DakotaAccessConstruction.pdf\"> expedite the review and approval process\u003c/a> for the section of the Dakota Access Pipeline that hasn't been built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dakota Access issue will probably head back to federal court: The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe said it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/24/511411653/trumps-move-on-keystone-xl-dakota-access-outrages-activists\">will take legal action \u003c/a>to fight Trump's decision, saying the pipeline \"risks contaminating tribal and American water supplies while disregarding treaty rights.\" Demonstrators remain camped near the site where the Dakota Access Pipeline is slated to cross under the Missouri River.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Hiring freeze for federal workers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump signed a presidential memorandum imposing a hiring freeze on federal workers, with exceptions for military positions and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ramifications are immediate: The freeze is now in effect and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/pentagon-sill-scrambling-to-understand-trump-hiring-freeze/2017/01/24/390a8c2a-e24f-11e6-ba11-63c4b4fb5a63_story.html\">is scheduled to last 90 days\u003c/a>. It's expected that by then the Office of Management and Budget will have a longer-term plan for shrinking the federal government. The impact, though, is far-reaching. The federal government employs some 2.8 million people, \u003ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/gov-data/federal-employees-workforce-numbers-by-state.html\">more than 80 percent of whom live outside \u003c/a>Washington, D.C., Maryland or Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps are for the exceptions to be hammered out; the memorandum states that \"the head of any executive department or agency may exempt from the hiring freeze any positions that it deems necessary to meet national security or public safety responsibilities.\" That could give agency heads at least some flexibility to hire as needed. Other exceptions could also emerge. The Department of Veterans Affairs, for example, has 45,000 job openings, and Trump's nominee to lead the VA had \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511469982/hiring-freeze-and-obamacare-repeal-could-clobber-veterans-affairs\">said he needs to fill those openings \u003c/a> to serve veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Key Justice Dept. Office Won't Say If It Approved White House Executive Orders",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Justice Department said it has \"no comment\" on whether its Office of Legal Counsel has reviewed any of President Trump's executive orders, which have met with criticism this week because of vague language and possible conflicts with legal precedents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department's own website says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"All executive orders and proclamations proposed to be issued by the President are reviewed by the Office of Legal Counsel for form and legality, as are various other matters that require the President's formal approval.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The OLC, a small but powerful unit within Justice, advises the executive branch on constitutional questions and the limits of executive power. It is frequently called upon to decide complex problems, especially when two different agencies are in conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the George W. Bush years, it drew criticism for opinions that paved the way for harsh detainee interrogation tactics. During the Obama administration, the office blessed the legality of weaponized drone strikes against an American citizen overseas. Earlier this month, a career lawyer in the office \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/olc/opinions/attachments/2017/01/21/2017-01-20-anti-nepo-stat-who.pdf\">concluded\u003c/a> that Trump's hiring of son-in-law Jared Kushner for a top post in the White House did not violate federal anti-nepotism law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prospect that administration lawyers are not reviewing a series of executive orders flowing out of the White House in its first week is raising eyebrows in legal circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"OLC is supposed to review all executive orders for legality before they are issued,\" Matthew Miller, a former spokesman for the Obama Justice Department, pointed out on Twitter in response to this reporter. \"Longstanding practice under admins of both parties.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/matthewamiller/status/825019054746275840\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Miller said, under a decades-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/11030.html\">federal rule\u003c/a>, the president is supposed to submit proposed executive orders and proclamations to both the Office of Management and Budget and the attorney general, who reviews the materials for both \"form and legality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House in years past has at times bypassed the OLC altogether on sensitive matters of national security or has overruled informal oral advice from lawyers there. For instance, in 2011, the Obama White House rejected the judgment of Justice Department and Pentagon officials and decided it had the authority to continue military operations in Libya without seeking approval from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"AABma2Fc9WHS9e2RLZYDN8ZO7ZTU8MWc\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal scholars and veterans of the OLC said the ultimate legal power resides with the president himself. And, they said, at times during a transition to a new administration, the coordination between the Justice Department and the White House on issues of law and policy can take time to mature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Walter Dellinger, who headed the OLC during the Clinton administration, said it's \"essential that any order issued by the president be reviewed for lawfulness by the career lawyers at the Office of Legal Counsel. That is not a task that can be left to White House staff if we are going to be a nation of laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the Constitutional Accountability Center, a left-leaning public interest law firm and think tank, said Trump's nominee to lead the Justice Department, Alabama Republican Sen. Jeff Sessions, should answer questions about whether he'll \"commit to requiring OLC to perform its long-established role of reviewing such orders in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Justice Department said it has \"no comment\" on whether its Office of Legal Counsel has reviewed any of President Trump's executive orders, which have met with criticism this week because of vague language and possible conflicts with legal precedents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department's own website says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"All executive orders and proclamations proposed to be issued by the President are reviewed by the Office of Legal Counsel for form and legality, as are various other matters that require the President's formal approval.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The OLC, a small but powerful unit within Justice, advises the executive branch on constitutional questions and the limits of executive power. It is frequently called upon to decide complex problems, especially when two different agencies are in conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the George W. Bush years, it drew criticism for opinions that paved the way for harsh detainee interrogation tactics. During the Obama administration, the office blessed the legality of weaponized drone strikes against an American citizen overseas. Earlier this month, a career lawyer in the office \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/olc/opinions/attachments/2017/01/21/2017-01-20-anti-nepo-stat-who.pdf\">concluded\u003c/a> that Trump's hiring of son-in-law Jared Kushner for a top post in the White House did not violate federal anti-nepotism law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prospect that administration lawyers are not reviewing a series of executive orders flowing out of the White House in its first week is raising eyebrows in legal circles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"OLC is supposed to review all executive orders for legality before they are issued,\" Matthew Miller, a former spokesman for the Obama Justice Department, pointed out on Twitter in response to this reporter. \"Longstanding practice under admins of both parties.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In fact, Miller said, under a decades-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/11030.html\">federal rule\u003c/a>, the president is supposed to submit proposed executive orders and proclamations to both the Office of Management and Budget and the attorney general, who reviews the materials for both \"form and legality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House in years past has at times bypassed the OLC altogether on sensitive matters of national security or has overruled informal oral advice from lawyers there. For instance, in 2011, the Obama White House rejected the judgment of Justice Department and Pentagon officials and decided it had the authority to continue military operations in Libya without seeking approval from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal scholars and veterans of the OLC said the ultimate legal power resides with the president himself. And, they said, at times during a transition to a new administration, the coordination between the Justice Department and the White House on issues of law and policy can take time to mature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Walter Dellinger, who headed the OLC during the Clinton administration, said it's \"essential that any order issued by the president be reviewed for lawfulness by the career lawyers at the Office of Legal Counsel. That is not a task that can be left to White House staff if we are going to be a nation of laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the Constitutional Accountability Center, a left-leaning public interest law firm and think tank, said Trump's nominee to lead the Justice Department, Alabama Republican Sen. Jeff Sessions, should answer questions about whether he'll \"commit to requiring OLC to perform its long-established role of reviewing such orders in the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump's Suggested Import Tax Would Mean U.S. Consumers Pay for That Wall",
"title": "Trump's Suggested Import Tax Would Mean U.S. Consumers Pay for That Wall",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is considering alternative ways to pay for the border wall, backtracking on the president's oft-repeated promise that Mexico would foot the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said one idea taking shape is to apply a 20 percent tax on imports from Mexico, as well as other countries with which the U.S. has a trade deficit. That would effectively saddle U.S. consumers with a significant portion of the wall's cost, estimated at $15 billion or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's spokesman, Sean Spicer, did not offer details about how the import tax would work, but he said it could be adopted as part of comprehensive tax reform. After the idea sparked controversy, Spicer later walked back the idea, saying that \"it could be a multitude of things.\" The tax could be 20 percent or 18 or 5, he said, adding that he wasn't trying to be \"prescriptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump discussed the plan during a meeting in Philadelphia with congressional Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even floating this idea amounts to a remarkable capitulation by the new president, who was insisting as late as Wednesday that Mexico would bear the cost of the border barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's refusal has already created friction between the countries. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/mexicos-president-cancels-planned-d-c-trip-to-meet-with-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">abruptly canceled a planned meeting\u003c/a> with Trump next week, a decision that the U.S. president tried to explain as mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico is one of America's top trading partners, with more than $500 billion worth of goods flowing across the Southern border each year. Spicer argued that adding a 20 percent surcharge to imports from Mexico would quickly cover the cost of the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the beginning of this plan to make sure it's done right,\" Spicer told reporters traveling aboard Air Force One. \"It clearly provides the funding and it does so in a way that ensures that the American taxpayer is wholly respected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suggestion drew a swift rebuke from at least one Republican senator, South Carolina's Lindsey Graham, who said it would be a bad idea to do anything that raises the price of Corona, tequila or margaritas. (Graham's family used to own a bar.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LindseyGrahamSC/status/824733324769951744\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LindseyGrahamSC/status/824734113412345856\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan's office contended the White House and Congress were on the \"same page.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been and continue to be on the same page about tax reform that supports American jobs and American goods,\" Ryan aide AshLee Strong told NPR's Susan Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because Ryan has proposed a \"border adjustment\" tax that would affect the \"corporate tax rates applied to goods and services consumed in the U.S. but not applied to goods and services exported,\" a Republican Capitol Hill source added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would allow corporations to subtract export sales when calculating their tax bill, but companies would not be allowed to deduct the cost of imports. Under the current tax code, export sales are taxed, and import costs are deductible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is embracing Ryan's plan, it would be a reversal. Just 10 days ago, he told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-warns-on-house-republican-tax-plan-1484613766\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> that a \"border adjustment tax\" was \"too complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anytime I hear border adjustment, I don't love it,\" Trump said. \"Because usually it means we're going to get adjusted into a bad deal. That's what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"gqgsZO86pEyrSFRFfvnhwJkE6cIDgaTA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Republican Sen. John Cornyn said the plan raises questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer brushed aside suggestions that much of the cost would be passed on to American consumers who purchase Mexican-made goods. He argued that cost would be outweighed by the reduction in illicit border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it's going to do is lift up the wages of American workers,\" Spicer said. \"Right now we've got an influx of cheap labor. It's going to put the American consumer back, net-net, to make sure that American workers get lifted up as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Washington, after the original comments, Spicer said, \"I don't think our job right now is to roll something out and/or be prescriptive. It's to show that there are ways the wall can be paid for. Full stop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that he was trying to address \"questions about how the president could pay for the wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said, \"The idea is to show that generating revenue for the wall is not as difficult as some might have suggested.\" But \"there's nothing to roll out, so the idea of asking for details on something, we're not there yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer also suggested that building the border wall would produce savings elsewhere in the federal budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we're going to save additional money that we would have had to spend on tracking down illegal immigrants and on immigration,\" Spicer said. \"So it's actually a huge win for the American taxpayer and for American security when you look at the kind of plan that's coming to fruition right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump actually wants to increase spending on immigration enforcement. In addition to the wall, he has ordered the hiring of 15,000 new Border Patrol and immigration officers and the construction of new detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration is considering alternative ways to pay for the border wall, backtracking on the president's oft-repeated promise that Mexico would foot the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said one idea taking shape is to apply a 20 percent tax on imports from Mexico, as well as other countries with which the U.S. has a trade deficit. That would effectively saddle U.S. consumers with a significant portion of the wall's cost, estimated at $15 billion or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's spokesman, Sean Spicer, did not offer details about how the import tax would work, but he said it could be adopted as part of comprehensive tax reform. After the idea sparked controversy, Spicer later walked back the idea, saying that \"it could be a multitude of things.\" The tax could be 20 percent or 18 or 5, he said, adding that he wasn't trying to be \"prescriptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump discussed the plan during a meeting in Philadelphia with congressional Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even floating this idea amounts to a remarkable capitulation by the new president, who was insisting as late as Wednesday that Mexico would bear the cost of the border barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's refusal has already created friction between the countries. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/mexicos-president-cancels-planned-d-c-trip-to-meet-with-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">abruptly canceled a planned meeting\u003c/a> with Trump next week, a decision that the U.S. president tried to explain as mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico is one of America's top trading partners, with more than $500 billion worth of goods flowing across the Southern border each year. Spicer argued that adding a 20 percent surcharge to imports from Mexico would quickly cover the cost of the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the beginning of this plan to make sure it's done right,\" Spicer told reporters traveling aboard Air Force One. \"It clearly provides the funding and it does so in a way that ensures that the American taxpayer is wholly respected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suggestion drew a swift rebuke from at least one Republican senator, South Carolina's Lindsey Graham, who said it would be a bad idea to do anything that raises the price of Corona, tequila or margaritas. (Graham's family used to own a bar.)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan's office contended the White House and Congress were on the \"same page.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been and continue to be on the same page about tax reform that supports American jobs and American goods,\" Ryan aide AshLee Strong told NPR's Susan Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because Ryan has proposed a \"border adjustment\" tax that would affect the \"corporate tax rates applied to goods and services consumed in the U.S. but not applied to goods and services exported,\" a Republican Capitol Hill source added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would allow corporations to subtract export sales when calculating their tax bill, but companies would not be allowed to deduct the cost of imports. Under the current tax code, export sales are taxed, and import costs are deductible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is embracing Ryan's plan, it would be a reversal. Just 10 days ago, he told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-warns-on-house-republican-tax-plan-1484613766\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> that a \"border adjustment tax\" was \"too complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anytime I hear border adjustment, I don't love it,\" Trump said. \"Because usually it means we're going to get adjusted into a bad deal. That's what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Republican Sen. John Cornyn said the plan raises questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer brushed aside suggestions that much of the cost would be passed on to American consumers who purchase Mexican-made goods. He argued that cost would be outweighed by the reduction in illicit border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it's going to do is lift up the wages of American workers,\" Spicer said. \"Right now we've got an influx of cheap labor. It's going to put the American consumer back, net-net, to make sure that American workers get lifted up as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Washington, after the original comments, Spicer said, \"I don't think our job right now is to roll something out and/or be prescriptive. It's to show that there are ways the wall can be paid for. Full stop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that he was trying to address \"questions about how the president could pay for the wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said, \"The idea is to show that generating revenue for the wall is not as difficult as some might have suggested.\" But \"there's nothing to roll out, so the idea of asking for details on something, we're not there yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer also suggested that building the border wall would produce savings elsewhere in the federal budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we're going to save additional money that we would have had to spend on tracking down illegal immigrants and on immigration,\" Spicer said. \"So it's actually a huge win for the American taxpayer and for American security when you look at the kind of plan that's coming to fruition right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump actually wants to increase spending on immigration enforcement. In addition to the wall, he has ordered the hiring of 15,000 new Border Patrol and immigration officers and the construction of new detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week, President Trump’s transition team put \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/25/511572169/epa-scientists-work-may-face-case-by-case-review-by-trump-team-official-says\">new restrictions\u003c/a> on government scientists’ freedom to communicate. The restrictions are being characterized as temporary, and some have already been lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But climate scientists, in particular, are on edge because the federal government generates a huge amount of data on climate. That information is used in everything from farming to weather forecasting and insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the example of a single agency: the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>. NOAA operates 17 environmental satellites, along with myriad instruments that collect data on land and in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you add \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science\">NASA\u003c/a>‘s satellites and instruments and scientists, as well as those at other agencies, you get the country’s biggest source of climate data — by far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those data are the main way we know what’s going on with the climate, says \u003ca href=\"https://dge.carnegiescience.edu/labs/asnerlab/\">Greg Asner\u003c/a>, who studies forests at Stanford University. “Nobody has databases like NOAA; nobody has instrumentation networks like NASA,” Asner says. “Without it, we will go blind. It’s like turning off the lights — we’re not going to know what’s happening at the Earth scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511681532/511851773\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government’s role doesn’t stop with just collecting data. Federal scientists analyze the information and eventually release it to the public in reports such as the \u003ca href=\"http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>. There have been three so far, and a fourth is due out next year. The assessments are required by law. Scientists from several federal agencies, including NOAA, write them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean scientist \u003ca href=\"http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/profiles/aug09/sweet.html\">William Sweet\u003c/a> at NOAA is currently working on the section about sea level rise. “Sea level rise is already happening and the impacts can be felt,” Sweet says. But those impacts, he notes, are not the same everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ocean is not a bathtub. It may rise in one place; it may drop in the other,” he says. Ocean currents and wind patterns distribute ocean water unevenly. And coastlines actually move up and down — sometimes it’s a long-term response to the retreat of glaciers during the latest ice age, and sometimes it’s from people draining groundwater. That “vertical land movement” influences how far inland water will encroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”RXYwmM1OoblKGusqPnJZZXG0iXzR9pwx”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sweet says research prepared for the new assessment shows that the East Coast and parts of the Gulf Coast, for example, will experience even higher sea levels than the world average. And that world average? It could be 8 feet higher than it is now by the end of the century — about a foot and a half higher than predicted in the latest assessment, in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the worst-case scenario. Sweet says it probably will be less — a lot depends on how much more carbon dioxide humans put into the atmosphere and how much of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets melt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, he says, the assessment will provide news you can use. For example, there’s been an uptick in abnormally high tides — these cause “sunny day” flooding that occurs even when there’s no storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At what point do these damaging, disruptive tidal flood events become the new norm?” Sweet says. He adds that the latest climate assessment will help answer that question by pinpointing where and how often these extra-high tides will hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local municipalities can use this information to prepare by deploying pumps, cordoning off streets or even building sea walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s just a small part of what’s in the assessments. They also cover everything from drought to extreme rain and snowfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens if the Trump administration tries to censor this huge scientific enterprise? \u003ca href=\"http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~peter/site/Home.html\">Peter de Menocal\u003c/a>, the dean of science at Columbia University, says there just isn’t any substitute for what federal climate scientists produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The United States, I think, has the best organized and some of the top talent in climate science and engineering in the world,” he says. “The concern is that brain trust, that amazing compendium of knowledge, is going to disappear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, President Trump’s transition team put \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/25/511572169/epa-scientists-work-may-face-case-by-case-review-by-trump-team-official-says\">new restrictions\u003c/a> on government scientists’ freedom to communicate. The restrictions are being characterized as temporary, and some have already been lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But climate scientists, in particular, are on edge because the federal government generates a huge amount of data on climate. That information is used in everything from farming to weather forecasting and insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the example of a single agency: the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>. NOAA operates 17 environmental satellites, along with myriad instruments that collect data on land and in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you add \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science\">NASA\u003c/a>‘s satellites and instruments and scientists, as well as those at other agencies, you get the country’s biggest source of climate data — by far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those data are the main way we know what’s going on with the climate, says \u003ca href=\"https://dge.carnegiescience.edu/labs/asnerlab/\">Greg Asner\u003c/a>, who studies forests at Stanford University. “Nobody has databases like NOAA; nobody has instrumentation networks like NASA,” Asner says. “Without it, we will go blind. It’s like turning off the lights — we’re not going to know what’s happening at the Earth scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511681532/511851773\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government’s role doesn’t stop with just collecting data. Federal scientists analyze the information and eventually release it to the public in reports such as the \u003ca href=\"http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>. There have been three so far, and a fourth is due out next year. The assessments are required by law. Scientists from several federal agencies, including NOAA, write them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean scientist \u003ca href=\"http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/profiles/aug09/sweet.html\">William Sweet\u003c/a> at NOAA is currently working on the section about sea level rise. “Sea level rise is already happening and the impacts can be felt,” Sweet says. But those impacts, he notes, are not the same everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ocean is not a bathtub. It may rise in one place; it may drop in the other,” he says. Ocean currents and wind patterns distribute ocean water unevenly. And coastlines actually move up and down — sometimes it’s a long-term response to the retreat of glaciers during the latest ice age, and sometimes it’s from people draining groundwater. That “vertical land movement” influences how far inland water will encroach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sweet says research prepared for the new assessment shows that the East Coast and parts of the Gulf Coast, for example, will experience even higher sea levels than the world average. And that world average? It could be 8 feet higher than it is now by the end of the century — about a foot and a half higher than predicted in the latest assessment, in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the worst-case scenario. Sweet says it probably will be less — a lot depends on how much more carbon dioxide humans put into the atmosphere and how much of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets melt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, he says, the assessment will provide news you can use. For example, there’s been an uptick in abnormally high tides — these cause “sunny day” flooding that occurs even when there’s no storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At what point do these damaging, disruptive tidal flood events become the new norm?” Sweet says. He adds that the latest climate assessment will help answer that question by pinpointing where and how often these extra-high tides will hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local municipalities can use this information to prepare by deploying pumps, cordoning off streets or even building sea walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s just a small part of what’s in the assessments. They also cover everything from drought to extreme rain and snowfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens if the Trump administration tries to censor this huge scientific enterprise? \u003ca href=\"http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~peter/site/Home.html\">Peter de Menocal\u003c/a>, the dean of science at Columbia University, says there just isn’t any substitute for what federal climate scientists produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The United States, I think, has the best organized and some of the top talent in climate science and engineering in the world,” he says. “The concern is that brain trust, that amazing compendium of knowledge, is going to disappear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
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