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"content": "\u003cp>The United States and Mexico have reached an “understanding” on several critical trade issues following bilateral talks to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement. They will now likely re-engage with Canada to reach a final deal on NAFTA, a primary goal of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at the White House on Monday, President Trump said he wanted to change the NAFTA name to the U.S. Mexico Free Trade Agreement. He also reframed the negotiations as two bilateral trade deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made a deal with Mexico, and we’ll get started with Canada immediately,” Trump said. He also said he would “be terminating the existing [NAFTA] deal very soon” because NAFTA has “a lot of bad connotations” and has been a “bad deal” for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/641607366/642356861\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The breakthrough between the U.S. and Mexico involved an agreement on the amount of North American content a vehicle must have in order\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to pass duty-free across borders. The percentage was moved up to 75 percent from its current level of 62.5 percent. Negotiators also agreed to increase the percentage of vehicles built in factories paying an average wage of at least $16 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. automakers have opposed raising the North American content requirement, but the United Auto Workers union has supported it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third NAFTA partner, Canada, has not been at the negotiating table for many weeks. It will now presumably re-engage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to Trump’s remarks, Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland said through a spokesman that “Canada is encouraged by the continued optimism shown by our negotiating partners. Progress between Mexico and the United States is a necessary requirement for any renewed NAFTA agreement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Freeland also said, “We will only sign a new NAFTA that is good for Canada and good for the middle class. Canada’s signature is required.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three nations had hoped to wind up negotiations by the end of this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. law requires a three-month waiting period after a deal is completed before Congress can ratify it. Mexico will swear in its incoming president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, on Dec. 1. If a NAFTA deal isn’t signed before then, López Obrador could demand changes — and a deal that took years to negotiate could unravel. But Trump and U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer said Monday that they plan to send a Mexico-U.S. deal to Congress by Friday to start the clock on the waiting period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are still a number of thorny issues that must be resolved before a final agreement is reached between the three nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is the Trump administration’s demand for the removal of arbitration panels that currently settle disputes under NAFTA. The Trump administration is also seeking a sunset clause that would end the pact after five years, unless the three countries explicitly agree to continue it. Both Canada and Mexico, as well as many in the U.S. business community, reject that idea. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+And+Mexico+Reach+Trade+Deal%3B+Trump+Wants+To+Drop+NAFTA+Name&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The United States and Mexico have reached an “understanding” on several critical trade issues following bilateral talks to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement. They will now likely re-engage with Canada to reach a final deal on NAFTA, a primary goal of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at the White House on Monday, President Trump said he wanted to change the NAFTA name to the U.S. Mexico Free Trade Agreement. He also reframed the negotiations as two bilateral trade deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made a deal with Mexico, and we’ll get started with Canada immediately,” Trump said. He also said he would “be terminating the existing [NAFTA] deal very soon” because NAFTA has “a lot of bad connotations” and has been a “bad deal” for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/641607366/642356861\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The breakthrough between the U.S. and Mexico involved an agreement on the amount of North American content a vehicle must have in order\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to pass duty-free across borders. The percentage was moved up to 75 percent from its current level of 62.5 percent. Negotiators also agreed to increase the percentage of vehicles built in factories paying an average wage of at least $16 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. automakers have opposed raising the North American content requirement, but the United Auto Workers union has supported it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third NAFTA partner, Canada, has not been at the negotiating table for many weeks. It will now presumably re-engage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to Trump’s remarks, Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland said through a spokesman that “Canada is encouraged by the continued optimism shown by our negotiating partners. Progress between Mexico and the United States is a necessary requirement for any renewed NAFTA agreement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Freeland also said, “We will only sign a new NAFTA that is good for Canada and good for the middle class. Canada’s signature is required.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three nations had hoped to wind up negotiations by the end of this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. law requires a three-month waiting period after a deal is completed before Congress can ratify it. Mexico will swear in its incoming president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, on Dec. 1. If a NAFTA deal isn’t signed before then, López Obrador could demand changes — and a deal that took years to negotiate could unravel. But Trump and U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer said Monday that they plan to send a Mexico-U.S. deal to Congress by Friday to start the clock on the waiting period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are still a number of thorny issues that must be resolved before a final agreement is reached between the three nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is the Trump administration’s demand for the removal of arbitration panels that currently settle disputes under NAFTA. The Trump administration is also seeking a sunset clause that would end the pact after five years, unless the three countries explicitly agree to continue it. Both Canada and Mexico, as well as many in the U.S. business community, reject that idea. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+And+Mexico+Reach+Trade+Deal%3B+Trump+Wants+To+Drop+NAFTA+Name&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Criminal charges against migrants entering the U.S. illegally have spiked in California since the Trump administration adopted its \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1049751/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zero tolerance\u003c/a> policy in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in cases has led to dramatic changes in the federal court that handles them — changes defense attorneys say violate the due process rights of undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Attorney’s Office\u003c/a> for the Southern District of California went from bringing 50 charges for illegal entry each month to prosecuting more than 150 cases a week, according to the Federal Defenders of San Diego, the publicly funded agency that represents many migrants in criminal proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jump in cases has filled federal jails along the border and forced some court proceedings to last late into the night. To cope, in July the federal district court in San Diego agreed to a Justice Department request to designate a separate courtroom where judges could arraign and sentence the migrants in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These speedy mass hearings, better known as Operation Streamline, were adopted in other southern border states starting in 2005. The federal court in San Diego was the lone holdout until early July, when the changes took effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with \u003ca href=\"https://fdsdi.com/mission_statement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Defenders of San Diego\u003c/a> opposed the move and still do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are entitled to due process,” said attorney Leila Morgan. “It’s not just about what’s fast and what’s easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Operation Streamline, Morgan said migrants rarely faced charges for entering the U.S. illegally and usually only if they had a serious criminal history. The court proceedings, from charging to sentencing, could take a couple of weeks. Now all of that happens in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Defenders, who normally decline to go on the record, allowed KQED to follow a group of staff attorneys through a day of proceedings in the new court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11688391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11688391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Leila Morgan is one of the attorneys defending migrants facing federal criminal charges for illegal entry in San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1200x815.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-960x652.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-375x255.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leila Morgan is one of the attorneys defending migrants facing federal criminal charges for illegal entry in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Day in Defense of Migrants\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leila Morgan, Ben Davis and Roxana Sandoval are part of the team within the Federal Defenders office dedicated to handling the increased caseload.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>8:40 a.m.: Case Assignments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First thing Monday morning, Morgan, Davis and Sandoval were waiting to receive an email from the court assigning them cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes we wait, and sometimes we go get coffee,” Morgan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They opted for java, but a couple of blocks out, Morgan exclaimed, “Guys, we got our email!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three attorneys were soon scrolling through a list of cases on their smartphones. Morgan counted a total of 50 defendants. Each defender was assigned four cases, and the remainder went to private lawyers who also represent migrants who can’t afford their own attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Davis dashed into a store to buy bottles of water, Morgan and Sandoval joined a half-dozen people lined up to enter the courthouse. U.S. marshals were expected to bring the defendants to meeting rooms, and the attorneys wanted to be there, waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9:30 a.m.: Meeting With Clients\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Monday is the busiest day,” Morgan explained, “because it’s everyone who was arrested from 6 a.m. Friday morning until 6 a.m. this morning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense attorneys would get just 45 minutes to interview each person they’d represent later that day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not very much time, when you think about everything we have to accomplish,” Morgan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After three hours, Morgan and Davis emerged from the courthouse looking a little worn. Declining to talk about the specifics of their cases for confidentiality reasons, they said the types of cases were “fairly typical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also typical: The U.S. attorney had offered to release most of the clients if they would plead guilty to a misdemeanor charge of illegal entry. Most of the defendants opted to do so in order to get out of jail. Then they would most likely be transferred to the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s mostly folks with minimal or little criminal record, minimal or zero deportation history either,” Davis said. “They’re people who just a few months ago would have been processed for deportation and told, ‘You know, you can’t be in the country.’ But now they’re trying to give them criminal convictions that can affect the rest their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis doubted whether his clients understood that they were being criminally prosecuted or that a guilty plea could prevent them from ever returning to the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12:45 p.m.: Lunch at ‘The Sandbox’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorneys have roughly an hour each day to eat lunch, which they usually do together at a table in a dusty yard between the courthouses they affectionately call “The Sandbox.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers have developed a practice of raising objections to the judge at every possible opportunity. It’s a way to put into the court record their belief that the expedited hearings violate their clients’ rights. At lunch, they strategized about how to do that without running afoul of the judge’s rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, I think we have to obey the protocol or be held in contempt,” Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunch also served as a time to blow off steam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis pushed a bag of M&M cookies out of reach, exclaiming, “Get those away from me!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a lot of eating our feelings,” Morgan said, laughing. She and her colleagues say they find Operation Streamline discouraging and unjust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an hour, the defenders swept up their lunch trash and headed to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11688394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11688394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-800x512.jpg\" alt=\"Migrants facing criminal charges for entering the U.S. illegally are bused to the Metropolitan Correctional Center in downtown San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-800x512.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1200x768.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1180x755.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-960x614.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-240x154.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-375x240.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-520x333.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants facing criminal charges for entering the U.S. illegally are bused to the Metropolitan Correctional Center in downtown San Diego. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2 p.m.: The ‘1325’ Court\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtroom 2A is on the second floor of a squat cement building with tinted windows and bare of decor. Every afternoon from 2 p.m., the presiding judge hears only one kind of case: misdemeanor charges against migrants for illegal entry into the United States. Defense attorneys call it the “1325” court, for the section of the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1325\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statute\u003c/a> that sets out charges and fines for the crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of magistrate judges rotates through 2A. On the day KQED observed, Judge Barbara Major presided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each of you are here because the United States has charged you with the misdemeanor crime of improper entry by an alien,” Major told a group of defendants sitting in a jury box, shackled at the ankles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the next three hours, Major arraigned, sentenced and set bond for about a dozen people at a time. The Federal Defenders raised objection after objection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sandoval objected to a new rule judges have implemented that limits motions by defense attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the court’s orders that we’re not allowed to raise motions,” Sandoval said. “And if we would like to …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are allowed to,” Major responded. “You just have to do it in writing. And it can’t be today. I’m not going to get through my criminal calendar as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new system, federal marshals bring migrants to the court directly from Border Patrol stations, where many detainees say they do not get enough food or sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval questioned whether the conditions of her client’s confinement could be a form of coercion, pushing him to plead guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To which Major, clearly exasperated, said, “Stop! Which one? Does he want to plead guilty today?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He does,” Sandoval said. “But I just haven’t had …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK,” Major interrupted. “Then we’re good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major decided to hold Sandoval’s two cases over another day. She said she could not accept a plea unless it was made willingly and knowingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 5 p.m., Judge Major announced that the court had run out of time and she would carry over the cases of roughly a dozen defendants. These clients would spend another night in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6:30 p.m.: Regroup at the Federal Defenders Office\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan, Davis and Sandoval retrieved their belongings and headed for home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis left to help his wife, who was taking care of their newborn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan needed to get home to her 11-month-old twins, but she and Sandoval stayed a few minutes longer to discuss what had happened in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new court procedures put defense attorneys and judges at cross-purposes, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a tension: We want to make sure that we are asserting our client’s rights during their initial appearance,” she said. But the court’s interest “is to make sure that these clients are processed as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval said that friction was evident in the courtroom where Judge Major had “50-plus matters on calendar and not enough time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan echoed that concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This separate court is just about processing a number of cases as quickly as possible,” she said. “The only way that happens is when people are complicit in giving up the rights that their clients have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan said Federal Defenders plans to keep pushing back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our plan honestly is to keep it up until either we’re all held in contempt, or we’re shackled ourselves, or until this stops,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Adopt Operation Streamline Now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear why \u003ca href=\"https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/SitePages/Judges.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barry Moskowitz\u003c/a>, the chief judge of the federal court in San Diego, agreed to the expedited hearings. Moskowitz declined to answer questions about the changes at the court and did not issue a public order when they took effect in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Moskowitz convened a \u003ca href=\"https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/Rules/GeneralOrders/Lists/General%20Orders/Attachments/205/General%20Order%20671%20Criminal%20Case%20Management%20Committee.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">committee\u003c/a> of judges and attorneys to discuss how to handle the increased caseload under the Trump administration’s zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. Attorney has advised the Court that he intends to substantially increase the prosecution of illegal entry cases, including at least 100 misdemeanor cases a week,” Moskowitz wrote in a court order. “The increase has and will cause strains, issues and problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Defenders office won some concessions, such as setting a maximum caseload of four clients for each of its attorneys. Federal prosecutors also agreed that if they could not provide clients’ records to defense attorneys by a daily deadline, they would drop the charges. An unknown number of cases have been dismissed since Operation Streamline took effect in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Prosecutions of Other Federal Crimes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics believe the administration’s policy of prosecuting all illegal border-crossers is a misuse of resources that has resulted in a drop in prosecutions for more serious drug and trafficking crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/524/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>, a data research organization at Syracuse University, found that in border region courts the number of prosecutions of non-immigration related crimes dropped from a total of 1,093 in March 2018 to 703 prosecutions in June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unless crimes are suddenly less prevalent in the districts along the southwest border, the odds of being prosecuted for many federal offenses have declined,” the report found. “The declining number of prosecutions has already begun to show up in the Southern District of California, in New Mexico, and in the Southern District of Texas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a spokeswoman for the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of California disputed the TRAC findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Aug. 10 email, Kelly Thornton wrote, “Our overall prosecutions of non-immigration matters are on track to exceed last year’s.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As part of effort called Operation Streamline, court aims to arraign and sentence defendants in a single day. ",
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"title": "Attorneys Say 'Streamlined' Hearings in San Diego Court Violate Immigrants' Rights | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Criminal charges against migrants entering the U.S. illegally have spiked in California since the Trump administration adopted its \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1049751/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zero tolerance\u003c/a> policy in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in cases has led to dramatic changes in the federal court that handles them — changes defense attorneys say violate the due process rights of undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Attorney’s Office\u003c/a> for the Southern District of California went from bringing 50 charges for illegal entry each month to prosecuting more than 150 cases a week, according to the Federal Defenders of San Diego, the publicly funded agency that represents many migrants in criminal proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jump in cases has filled federal jails along the border and forced some court proceedings to last late into the night. To cope, in July the federal district court in San Diego agreed to a Justice Department request to designate a separate courtroom where judges could arraign and sentence the migrants in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These speedy mass hearings, better known as Operation Streamline, were adopted in other southern border states starting in 2005. The federal court in San Diego was the lone holdout until early July, when the changes took effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with \u003ca href=\"https://fdsdi.com/mission_statement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Defenders of San Diego\u003c/a> opposed the move and still do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are entitled to due process,” said attorney Leila Morgan. “It’s not just about what’s fast and what’s easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Operation Streamline, Morgan said migrants rarely faced charges for entering the U.S. illegally and usually only if they had a serious criminal history. The court proceedings, from charging to sentencing, could take a couple of weeks. Now all of that happens in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Defenders, who normally decline to go on the record, allowed KQED to follow a group of staff attorneys through a day of proceedings in the new court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11688391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11688391\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Leila Morgan is one of the attorneys defending migrants facing federal criminal charges for illegal entry in San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1200x815.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-960x652.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-240x163.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-375x255.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/DefenderMain-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leila Morgan is one of the attorneys defending migrants facing federal criminal charges for illegal entry in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Day in Defense of Migrants\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leila Morgan, Ben Davis and Roxana Sandoval are part of the team within the Federal Defenders office dedicated to handling the increased caseload.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>8:40 a.m.: Case Assignments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First thing Monday morning, Morgan, Davis and Sandoval were waiting to receive an email from the court assigning them cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes we wait, and sometimes we go get coffee,” Morgan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They opted for java, but a couple of blocks out, Morgan exclaimed, “Guys, we got our email!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three attorneys were soon scrolling through a list of cases on their smartphones. Morgan counted a total of 50 defendants. Each defender was assigned four cases, and the remainder went to private lawyers who also represent migrants who can’t afford their own attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Davis dashed into a store to buy bottles of water, Morgan and Sandoval joined a half-dozen people lined up to enter the courthouse. U.S. marshals were expected to bring the defendants to meeting rooms, and the attorneys wanted to be there, waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9:30 a.m.: Meeting With Clients\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Monday is the busiest day,” Morgan explained, “because it’s everyone who was arrested from 6 a.m. Friday morning until 6 a.m. this morning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense attorneys would get just 45 minutes to interview each person they’d represent later that day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not very much time, when you think about everything we have to accomplish,” Morgan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After three hours, Morgan and Davis emerged from the courthouse looking a little worn. Declining to talk about the specifics of their cases for confidentiality reasons, they said the types of cases were “fairly typical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also typical: The U.S. attorney had offered to release most of the clients if they would plead guilty to a misdemeanor charge of illegal entry. Most of the defendants opted to do so in order to get out of jail. Then they would most likely be transferred to the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s mostly folks with minimal or little criminal record, minimal or zero deportation history either,” Davis said. “They’re people who just a few months ago would have been processed for deportation and told, ‘You know, you can’t be in the country.’ But now they’re trying to give them criminal convictions that can affect the rest their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis doubted whether his clients understood that they were being criminally prosecuted or that a guilty plea could prevent them from ever returning to the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12:45 p.m.: Lunch at ‘The Sandbox’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorneys have roughly an hour each day to eat lunch, which they usually do together at a table in a dusty yard between the courthouses they affectionately call “The Sandbox.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers have developed a practice of raising objections to the judge at every possible opportunity. It’s a way to put into the court record their belief that the expedited hearings violate their clients’ rights. At lunch, they strategized about how to do that without running afoul of the judge’s rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, I think we have to obey the protocol or be held in contempt,” Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunch also served as a time to blow off steam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis pushed a bag of M&M cookies out of reach, exclaiming, “Get those away from me!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do a lot of eating our feelings,” Morgan said, laughing. She and her colleagues say they find Operation Streamline discouraging and unjust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an hour, the defenders swept up their lunch trash and headed to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11688394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11688394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-800x512.jpg\" alt=\"Migrants facing criminal charges for entering the U.S. illegally are bused to the Metropolitan Correctional Center in downtown San Diego.\" width=\"800\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-800x512.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1200x768.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-1180x755.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-960x614.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-240x154.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-375x240.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ICEBus-520x333.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants facing criminal charges for entering the U.S. illegally are bused to the Metropolitan Correctional Center in downtown San Diego. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2 p.m.: The ‘1325’ Court\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtroom 2A is on the second floor of a squat cement building with tinted windows and bare of decor. Every afternoon from 2 p.m., the presiding judge hears only one kind of case: misdemeanor charges against migrants for illegal entry into the United States. Defense attorneys call it the “1325” court, for the section of the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1325\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statute\u003c/a> that sets out charges and fines for the crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of magistrate judges rotates through 2A. On the day KQED observed, Judge Barbara Major presided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each of you are here because the United States has charged you with the misdemeanor crime of improper entry by an alien,” Major told a group of defendants sitting in a jury box, shackled at the ankles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the next three hours, Major arraigned, sentenced and set bond for about a dozen people at a time. The Federal Defenders raised objection after objection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, Sandoval objected to a new rule judges have implemented that limits motions by defense attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the court’s orders that we’re not allowed to raise motions,” Sandoval said. “And if we would like to …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are allowed to,” Major responded. “You just have to do it in writing. And it can’t be today. I’m not going to get through my criminal calendar as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new system, federal marshals bring migrants to the court directly from Border Patrol stations, where many detainees say they do not get enough food or sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval questioned whether the conditions of her client’s confinement could be a form of coercion, pushing him to plead guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To which Major, clearly exasperated, said, “Stop! Which one? Does he want to plead guilty today?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He does,” Sandoval said. “But I just haven’t had …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK,” Major interrupted. “Then we’re good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major decided to hold Sandoval’s two cases over another day. She said she could not accept a plea unless it was made willingly and knowingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 5 p.m., Judge Major announced that the court had run out of time and she would carry over the cases of roughly a dozen defendants. These clients would spend another night in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6:30 p.m.: Regroup at the Federal Defenders Office\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan, Davis and Sandoval retrieved their belongings and headed for home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis left to help his wife, who was taking care of their newborn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan needed to get home to her 11-month-old twins, but she and Sandoval stayed a few minutes longer to discuss what had happened in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new court procedures put defense attorneys and judges at cross-purposes, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a tension: We want to make sure that we are asserting our client’s rights during their initial appearance,” she said. But the court’s interest “is to make sure that these clients are processed as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval said that friction was evident in the courtroom where Judge Major had “50-plus matters on calendar and not enough time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan echoed that concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This separate court is just about processing a number of cases as quickly as possible,” she said. “The only way that happens is when people are complicit in giving up the rights that their clients have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morgan said Federal Defenders plans to keep pushing back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our plan honestly is to keep it up until either we’re all held in contempt, or we’re shackled ourselves, or until this stops,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Adopt Operation Streamline Now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear why \u003ca href=\"https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/SitePages/Judges.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barry Moskowitz\u003c/a>, the chief judge of the federal court in San Diego, agreed to the expedited hearings. Moskowitz declined to answer questions about the changes at the court and did not issue a public order when they took effect in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Moskowitz convened a \u003ca href=\"https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/Rules/GeneralOrders/Lists/General%20Orders/Attachments/205/General%20Order%20671%20Criminal%20Case%20Management%20Committee.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">committee\u003c/a> of judges and attorneys to discuss how to handle the increased caseload under the Trump administration’s zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. Attorney has advised the Court that he intends to substantially increase the prosecution of illegal entry cases, including at least 100 misdemeanor cases a week,” Moskowitz wrote in a court order. “The increase has and will cause strains, issues and problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Defenders office won some concessions, such as setting a maximum caseload of four clients for each of its attorneys. Federal prosecutors also agreed that if they could not provide clients’ records to defense attorneys by a daily deadline, they would drop the charges. An unknown number of cases have been dismissed since Operation Streamline took effect in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Prosecutions of Other Federal Crimes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics believe the administration’s policy of prosecuting all illegal border-crossers is a misuse of resources that has resulted in a drop in prosecutions for more serious drug and trafficking crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/524/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>, a data research organization at Syracuse University, found that in border region courts the number of prosecutions of non-immigration related crimes dropped from a total of 1,093 in March 2018 to 703 prosecutions in June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unless crimes are suddenly less prevalent in the districts along the southwest border, the odds of being prosecuted for many federal offenses have declined,” the report found. “The declining number of prosecutions has already begun to show up in the Southern District of California, in New Mexico, and in the Southern District of Texas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a spokeswoman for the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of California disputed the TRAC findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Aug. 10 email, Kelly Thornton wrote, “Our overall prosecutions of non-immigration matters are on track to exceed last year’s.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Five months after Uber reached a settlement agreement in a class-action lawsuit filed by women and people of color who worked there as engineers, new details are emerging about the terms of the deal. The plaintiffs, both current and former employees, say they were subjected to harassment and discrimination at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the latest development for a company that has come under fire for its workplace culture in recent years. Uber has seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">the firing of at least 20 employees\u003c/a> over sexual harassment allegations and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/21/533754816/uber-founder-resigns-under-pressure-as-ceo-published-report-says\">departure of its CEO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details of the $10 million settlement have not yet received final approval from a federal judge — a session scheduled for Nov. 6. The deal was announced in March and granted preliminary approval by a judge in April, according to a court filing from the settlement administrator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty-six people are set to receive an average payout of nearly $34,000 because they filed specific claims of “incidents of discrimination, harassment, and/or hostile work environment and connecting their experiences to their race, national origin or gender,” court documents state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount will be determined using a scoring process, which takes into account the nature of the reported harassment, whom the offender is, whether there was a witness or other documentation and the impact of the harassment on the victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A larger group of 483 people will be paid an average of nearly $11,000 because of other discrimination claims, according to the documents. The original lawsuit was filed by two Latina engineers, Roxana del Toro Lopez and Ana Medina, who say they were systematically discriminated against because of their gender and ethnic background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court filings say 487 class members were contacted about participating in the case. Nobody objected, and two opted out. The terms of the deal were reported Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-21/uber-harassment-settlement-56-workers-to-split-1-9-million\">by Bloomberg\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We agree with the plaintiff’s motion which states that ‘the class has responded extremely favorably to the settlement’ with amounts that are ‘fair, reasonable, and adequate,’ ” Uber said in a statement to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has stressed that it is working to change. The company says it is taking actions on the issues highlighted by this lawsuit, including putting in place a new salary and equity structure and changing the performance review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving forward, it’s time to move in a new direction,” CEO Dara Khosrowshahi said in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMZyw5lPKgE\">TV commercial\u003c/a>. “This begins with new leadership and a new culture. … One of our core values as a company is to always to the right thing. And if there are times when we fall short, we commit to being open, taking responsibility for the problem and fixing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the company conducted an investigation into more than 200 complaints of sexual harassment and workplace misconduct, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">NPR’s Yuki Noguchi reported\u003c/a>. The 20 employees it fired included senior executives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That investigation received attention, Noguchi said, “in part because Silicon Valley already has a reputation for attracting and catering to male tech talent, but not to women. So, in a way, Uber is a test case for how serious the tech industry is about fixing its gender-diversity problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months before the investigation concluded, a former Uber engineer named Susan Fowler \u003ca href=\"https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2017/2/19/reflecting-on-one-very-strange-year-at-uber\">published a blog post\u003c/a> saying her new manager had propositioned her for sex the day she joined his team. When she went to report the situation to human resources, she says she was told that “they wouldn’t feel comfortable giving him anything other than a warning and a stern talking-to.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Details+Of+Uber+Harassment+Settlement+Released&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Five months after Uber reached a settlement agreement in a class-action lawsuit filed by women and people of color who worked there as engineers, new details are emerging about the terms of the deal. The plaintiffs, both current and former employees, say they were subjected to harassment and discrimination at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the latest development for a company that has come under fire for its workplace culture in recent years. Uber has seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">the firing of at least 20 employees\u003c/a> over sexual harassment allegations and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/21/533754816/uber-founder-resigns-under-pressure-as-ceo-published-report-says\">departure of its CEO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details of the $10 million settlement have not yet received final approval from a federal judge — a session scheduled for Nov. 6. The deal was announced in March and granted preliminary approval by a judge in April, according to a court filing from the settlement administrator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty-six people are set to receive an average payout of nearly $34,000 because they filed specific claims of “incidents of discrimination, harassment, and/or hostile work environment and connecting their experiences to their race, national origin or gender,” court documents state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount will be determined using a scoring process, which takes into account the nature of the reported harassment, whom the offender is, whether there was a witness or other documentation and the impact of the harassment on the victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A larger group of 483 people will be paid an average of nearly $11,000 because of other discrimination claims, according to the documents. The original lawsuit was filed by two Latina engineers, Roxana del Toro Lopez and Ana Medina, who say they were systematically discriminated against because of their gender and ethnic background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court filings say 487 class members were contacted about participating in the case. Nobody objected, and two opted out. The terms of the deal were reported Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-21/uber-harassment-settlement-56-workers-to-split-1-9-million\">by Bloomberg\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We agree with the plaintiff’s motion which states that ‘the class has responded extremely favorably to the settlement’ with amounts that are ‘fair, reasonable, and adequate,’ ” Uber said in a statement to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has stressed that it is working to change. The company says it is taking actions on the issues highlighted by this lawsuit, including putting in place a new salary and equity structure and changing the performance review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving forward, it’s time to move in a new direction,” CEO Dara Khosrowshahi said in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMZyw5lPKgE\">TV commercial\u003c/a>. “This begins with new leadership and a new culture. … One of our core values as a company is to always to the right thing. And if there are times when we fall short, we commit to being open, taking responsibility for the problem and fixing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the company conducted an investigation into more than 200 complaints of sexual harassment and workplace misconduct, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">NPR’s Yuki Noguchi reported\u003c/a>. The 20 employees it fired included senior executives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That investigation received attention, Noguchi said, “in part because Silicon Valley already has a reputation for attracting and catering to male tech talent, but not to women. So, in a way, Uber is a test case for how serious the tech industry is about fixing its gender-diversity problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months before the investigation concluded, a former Uber engineer named Susan Fowler \u003ca href=\"https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2017/2/19/reflecting-on-one-very-strange-year-at-uber\">published a blog post\u003c/a> saying her new manager had propositioned her for sex the day she joined his team. When she went to report the situation to human resources, she says she was told that “they wouldn’t feel comfortable giving him anything other than a warning and a stern talking-to.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Details+Of+Uber+Harassment+Settlement+Released&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Microsoft Says Russian Operation Targeted U.S. Conservative Groups as Midterms Loom",
"title": "Microsoft Says Russian Operation Targeted U.S. Conservative Groups as Midterms Loom",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>A familiar cyberattack suspect linked with the Russian intelligence service has resurfaced in the months leading up to the U.S. midterm elections, according to Microsoft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech giant \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2018/08/20/we-are-taking-new-steps-against-broadening-threats-to-democracy/\">announced overnight\u003c/a> that last week it executed a court order to disrupt six fraudulent websites set up by a hacker group known by many names — most often APT28, but also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/01/589787931/russias-fancy-bear-reportedly-hacks-german-government-networks\">Fancy Bear\u003c/a> or Strontium, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unit has been associated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/20/630921415/what-is-the-gru-and-what-role-does-it-play-in-russias-cyber-and-military-operati\">Russian spy agency GRU\u003c/a> and blamed for a raft of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/13/493776953/russian-hackers-breached-athletes-data-world-anti-doping-agency-says\">high-profile hacks\u003c/a> across the world in recent years — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/06/14/482029912/russian-hackers-penetrate-democratic-national-committee-steal-trump-research\">the breaches\u003c/a> of the Democratic National Committee's network during the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, Microsoft says the group established a half-dozen domains meant to be confused with two conservative groups, the U.S. Senate and even Microsoft's own suite of products. Two of those targets, the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/\">International Republican Institute\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudson.org/\">Hudson Institute\u003c/a> research center, \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/resource/russia-adds-international-republican-institute-growing-list-%E2%80%9Cundesirable-organizations%E2%80%9D\">have \u003c/a>criticized \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudson.org/policycenters/31-kleptocracy-initiative\">the Kremlin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft says the International Republican Institute and the Hudson Institute were targeted with my-iri.org and hudsonorg-my-sharepoint.com, and that three domains — senate.group, adfs-senate.services and adfs-senate.email — mimicked the Senate. Microsoft itself appears to have been the focus of office365-onedrive.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft notes that it has \"no evidence\" to indicate the domains were used in any successful attacks, or to conclusively determine their ultimate object. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this particular instance we believe we were able to act quickly enough that these specific sites were not used successfully,\" Brad Smith, Microsoft's president and chief legal officer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/21/640493486/microsoft-says-it-thwarted-attack-by-russian-hackers\">tells NPR\u003c/a>. He adds that the latest activity \"clearly suggests\" that the hacker group is focusing on conservative organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lizzadwoskin\">Elizabeth Dwoskin\u003c/a> of \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> explains why the starkly similar domain names are significant — and why Microsoft has a vested interest in shutting them down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Remember, Microsoft is managing one of the largest corporate email programs in the world,\" she \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/21/640437972/russian-hackers-targeted-u-s-political-groups-microsoft-says\">tells NPR\u003c/a>. \"When you open up your email and you click on a link — you think it's an email from a trusted person, and then you're taken to a website that is loaded up with malware and it's going to take your credentials.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hackers sent emails to board members or think tank employees that notified them of a problem with their email account and directed them to bogus websites, according to Smith. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they get to this site they see, typically, a page that looks just like a page of their employer, where they work, they're asked to enter their password and then their credentials are harvested, so to speak,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft says that \"these domains show a broadening of entities targeted by Strontium's activities\" — and adds that the attacks are neither the first nor likely to be the last to be launched by the hacking group. The company says that in just the past two years, it has shut down 84 such fake websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Despite last week's steps, we are concerned by the continued activity targeting these and other sites and directed toward elected officials, politicians, political groups and think tanks across the political spectrum in the United States,\" Microsoft says. \"Taken together, this pattern mirrors the type of activity we saw prior to the 2016 election in the United States and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/07/527250347/the-u-s-alt-right-takes-a-role-in-the-french-election\">2017 election in France\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a sentiment echoed by one of the most recent apparent targets, the IRI, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/who-we-are/bod/us-senator-dan-sullivan\">chaired by\u003c/a> sitting U.S. Sen. Dan Sullivan, R-Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This apparent spear-phishing attempt against the International Republican Institute and other organizations is consistent with the campaign of meddling that the Kremlin has waged against organizations that support democracy and human rights,\" the \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/who-we-are/bod/daniel-twining\">group's president\u003c/a>, Daniel Twining, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/microsoft-says-it-has-found-a-russian-operation-targeting-us-political-institutions/2018/08/20/52273e14-a4d2-11e8-97ce-cc9042272f07_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.b6290c31e08c\">tells The Washington Post\u003c/a>. \"It is clearly designed to sow confusion, conflict and fear among those who criticize Mr. Putin's authoritarian regime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kremlin has denied the allegations, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.interfax.com/news.asp\">the Russian news agency Interfax\u003c/a>. It cites an unnamed diplomatic source who reportedly dismissed the claims as Microsoft simply \"playing political games\": \"The elections have not happened yet,\" the diplomat says, \"but there are already allegations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. intelligence community has concluded that Russian interference in the 2016 election was aimed at boosting Donald Trump's bid for the presidency. Just last month the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/13/628773789/deputy-attorney-general-rod-rosenstein-unveils-new-hacking-charges-in-dnc-case\">charged 12 Russian intelligence officers\u003c/a>, members of the GRU, with leveling a massive cyberattack against Democratic Party targets during the 2016 campaign, including the hack of the DNC's network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, for his part, has offered shifting accounts of how he views the Russian activity, at times downplaying these cyberattacks and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/630123093/trump-again-contradicts-intelligence-officials-says-russia-not-targeting-u-s\">the prospect of their recurrence\u003c/a>, while at others pledging to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/15/593895383/us-imposes-new-sanctions-on-russia-over-election-interference-cyberattacks\">\"counteract it very strongly.\"\u003c/a> Occasionally those shifts have come within \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/17/629764949/ryan-vladimir-putin-does-not-share-our-interests\">a matter of hours\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634682228/this-is-not-fine-new-evidence-of-russian-interference-meets-inaction-frustration\">Lawmakers\u003c/a> and members of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634960518/stung-by-criticism-trump-administration-emphasizes-election-security-response\">Trump's own administration\u003c/a>, however, have offered more concrete assessments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not yet seeing the kind of electoral interference in specific states and voter databases that we experienced in 2016,\" Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/20/630588925/week-of-trump-reversals-puts-2018-election-security-in-the-spotlight\">said last month\u003c/a>. \"However, we fully realize that we are just one click of the keyboard away from a similar situation repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Microsoft's 'Interesting Business Play'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As for Microsoft, the company announced new initiatives and new partnerships to prevent the kinds of attacks seen in 2016 from resurfacing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company used its blog post announcing last week's court-ordered maneuver to introduce a new program called AccountGuard, which it says will provide \"cybersecurity protection at no extra cost to all candidates and campaign offices at the federal, state and local level, as well as think tanks and political organizations we now believe are under attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, \u003cem>The Washington Post's\u003c/em> Dwoskin noted a contrast with Microsoft's counterparts in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of an interesting business play,\" she says. \"[These new free cybersecurity protection services], made me think about Google and Gmail and how you haven't heard this kind of thing from Google, whose employees, we know, were protesting government contracts not too long ago. Ever since Microsoft's huge antitrust case in the '90s, they've tried to have a closer relationship with government than their Silicon Valley counterparts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft's Smith says Russian cyberattacks in 2016 \"have been even broader than we first thought. That's across the tech sector, that's across this country.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And if you're going to stand up successfully and defend a democracy against these kinds of foreign attacks, we need to bring people together. And we can only bring people together if everyone is in the know about what's going on.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Microsoft+Says+Russian+Operation+Targeted+U.S.+Conservative+Groups+As+Midterms+Loom&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Six phony websites were created by hackers linked with Russian intelligence and blamed for 2016 election interference, the company says. They allegedly targeted the Senate and two think tanks.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A familiar cyberattack suspect linked with the Russian intelligence service has resurfaced in the months leading up to the U.S. midterm elections, according to Microsoft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech giant \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2018/08/20/we-are-taking-new-steps-against-broadening-threats-to-democracy/\">announced overnight\u003c/a> that last week it executed a court order to disrupt six fraudulent websites set up by a hacker group known by many names — most often APT28, but also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/01/589787931/russias-fancy-bear-reportedly-hacks-german-government-networks\">Fancy Bear\u003c/a> or Strontium, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unit has been associated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/20/630921415/what-is-the-gru-and-what-role-does-it-play-in-russias-cyber-and-military-operati\">Russian spy agency GRU\u003c/a> and blamed for a raft of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/13/493776953/russian-hackers-breached-athletes-data-world-anti-doping-agency-says\">high-profile hacks\u003c/a> across the world in recent years — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/06/14/482029912/russian-hackers-penetrate-democratic-national-committee-steal-trump-research\">the breaches\u003c/a> of the Democratic National Committee's network during the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, Microsoft says the group established a half-dozen domains meant to be confused with two conservative groups, the U.S. Senate and even Microsoft's own suite of products. Two of those targets, the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/\">International Republican Institute\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudson.org/\">Hudson Institute\u003c/a> research center, \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/resource/russia-adds-international-republican-institute-growing-list-%E2%80%9Cundesirable-organizations%E2%80%9D\">have \u003c/a>criticized \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudson.org/policycenters/31-kleptocracy-initiative\">the Kremlin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft says the International Republican Institute and the Hudson Institute were targeted with my-iri.org and hudsonorg-my-sharepoint.com, and that three domains — senate.group, adfs-senate.services and adfs-senate.email — mimicked the Senate. Microsoft itself appears to have been the focus of office365-onedrive.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft notes that it has \"no evidence\" to indicate the domains were used in any successful attacks, or to conclusively determine their ultimate object. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this particular instance we believe we were able to act quickly enough that these specific sites were not used successfully,\" Brad Smith, Microsoft's president and chief legal officer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/21/640493486/microsoft-says-it-thwarted-attack-by-russian-hackers\">tells NPR\u003c/a>. He adds that the latest activity \"clearly suggests\" that the hacker group is focusing on conservative organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lizzadwoskin\">Elizabeth Dwoskin\u003c/a> of \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> explains why the starkly similar domain names are significant — and why Microsoft has a vested interest in shutting them down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Remember, Microsoft is managing one of the largest corporate email programs in the world,\" she \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/21/640437972/russian-hackers-targeted-u-s-political-groups-microsoft-says\">tells NPR\u003c/a>. \"When you open up your email and you click on a link — you think it's an email from a trusted person, and then you're taken to a website that is loaded up with malware and it's going to take your credentials.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hackers sent emails to board members or think tank employees that notified them of a problem with their email account and directed them to bogus websites, according to Smith. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they get to this site they see, typically, a page that looks just like a page of their employer, where they work, they're asked to enter their password and then their credentials are harvested, so to speak,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft says that \"these domains show a broadening of entities targeted by Strontium's activities\" — and adds that the attacks are neither the first nor likely to be the last to be launched by the hacking group. The company says that in just the past two years, it has shut down 84 such fake websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Despite last week's steps, we are concerned by the continued activity targeting these and other sites and directed toward elected officials, politicians, political groups and think tanks across the political spectrum in the United States,\" Microsoft says. \"Taken together, this pattern mirrors the type of activity we saw prior to the 2016 election in the United States and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/07/527250347/the-u-s-alt-right-takes-a-role-in-the-french-election\">2017 election in France\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a sentiment echoed by one of the most recent apparent targets, the IRI, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/who-we-are/bod/us-senator-dan-sullivan\">chaired by\u003c/a> sitting U.S. Sen. Dan Sullivan, R-Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This apparent spear-phishing attempt against the International Republican Institute and other organizations is consistent with the campaign of meddling that the Kremlin has waged against organizations that support democracy and human rights,\" the \u003ca href=\"http://www.iri.org/who-we-are/bod/daniel-twining\">group's president\u003c/a>, Daniel Twining, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/microsoft-says-it-has-found-a-russian-operation-targeting-us-political-institutions/2018/08/20/52273e14-a4d2-11e8-97ce-cc9042272f07_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.b6290c31e08c\">tells The Washington Post\u003c/a>. \"It is clearly designed to sow confusion, conflict and fear among those who criticize Mr. Putin's authoritarian regime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kremlin has denied the allegations, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.interfax.com/news.asp\">the Russian news agency Interfax\u003c/a>. It cites an unnamed diplomatic source who reportedly dismissed the claims as Microsoft simply \"playing political games\": \"The elections have not happened yet,\" the diplomat says, \"but there are already allegations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. intelligence community has concluded that Russian interference in the 2016 election was aimed at boosting Donald Trump's bid for the presidency. Just last month the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/13/628773789/deputy-attorney-general-rod-rosenstein-unveils-new-hacking-charges-in-dnc-case\">charged 12 Russian intelligence officers\u003c/a>, members of the GRU, with leveling a massive cyberattack against Democratic Party targets during the 2016 campaign, including the hack of the DNC's network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, for his part, has offered shifting accounts of how he views the Russian activity, at times downplaying these cyberattacks and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/630123093/trump-again-contradicts-intelligence-officials-says-russia-not-targeting-u-s\">the prospect of their recurrence\u003c/a>, while at others pledging to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/15/593895383/us-imposes-new-sanctions-on-russia-over-election-interference-cyberattacks\">\"counteract it very strongly.\"\u003c/a> Occasionally those shifts have come within \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/17/629764949/ryan-vladimir-putin-does-not-share-our-interests\">a matter of hours\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634682228/this-is-not-fine-new-evidence-of-russian-interference-meets-inaction-frustration\">Lawmakers\u003c/a> and members of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634960518/stung-by-criticism-trump-administration-emphasizes-election-security-response\">Trump's own administration\u003c/a>, however, have offered more concrete assessments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not yet seeing the kind of electoral interference in specific states and voter databases that we experienced in 2016,\" Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/20/630588925/week-of-trump-reversals-puts-2018-election-security-in-the-spotlight\">said last month\u003c/a>. \"However, we fully realize that we are just one click of the keyboard away from a similar situation repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Microsoft's 'Interesting Business Play'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As for Microsoft, the company announced new initiatives and new partnerships to prevent the kinds of attacks seen in 2016 from resurfacing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company used its blog post announcing last week's court-ordered maneuver to introduce a new program called AccountGuard, which it says will provide \"cybersecurity protection at no extra cost to all candidates and campaign offices at the federal, state and local level, as well as think tanks and political organizations we now believe are under attack.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, \u003cem>The Washington Post's\u003c/em> Dwoskin noted a contrast with Microsoft's counterparts in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of an interesting business play,\" she says. \"[These new free cybersecurity protection services], made me think about Google and Gmail and how you haven't heard this kind of thing from Google, whose employees, we know, were protesting government contracts not too long ago. Ever since Microsoft's huge antitrust case in the '90s, they've tried to have a closer relationship with government than their Silicon Valley counterparts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microsoft's Smith says Russian cyberattacks in 2016 \"have been even broader than we first thought. That's across the tech sector, that's across this country.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And if you're going to stand up successfully and defend a democracy against these kinds of foreign attacks, we need to bring people together. And we can only bring people together if everyone is in the know about what's going on.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Microsoft+Says+Russian+Operation+Targeted+U.S.+Conservative+Groups+As+Midterms+Loom&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "new-challenges-to-californians-beach-access",
"title": "New Challenges to Californians' Beach Access",
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"headTitle": "New Challenges to Californians’ Beach Access | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California legislators passed the California Coastal Act in 1976 as a way to protect the state’s famed shoreline and to enshrine beach access for all. But that landmark law has spawned a nearly five-decade-long tug-of-war between the state and private property owners. Now, two highly-publicized legal skirmishes — including one pending before the U.S. Supreme Court — have coastal advocates worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara native Joshua Brown practically grew up in the ocean waves here in California’s picturesque Santa Barbara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started surfing when I was about 11-years-old and I spent a lot of time in the water swimming, kayaking, surfing — being very comfortable in the ocean,” said the 26-year-old resident of Kernville.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622403/coastal-protection-on-the-edge-the-challenge-of-preserving-californias-legacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coastal Protection on the Edge: The Challenge of Preserving California’s Legacy\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So Brown didn’t hesitate in 2010 when friends invited him to strap his surfboard to a kayak and paddle more than two miles to the coveted shores of Hollister Ranch — a community renowned for its legendary waves and pristine coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s insanely beautiful,” Brown said. “There’s otters, there’s all kinds of sea life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 14,500-acre Hollister Ranch is a subdivision of mostly 100-acre lots, owned by wealthy surfers and celebrities. The Ranch is private, gated and patrolled by security guards. Beach trails within the ranch are off-limits to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s exactly how Hollister land owners would like it to stay. They have been fighting to keep their beach private for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the most recent battle, land owners filed a lawsuit in 2013 challenging the state of California’s claim to an easement that provides the only public access by land to a small beach within the famed ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the parties quietly struck a legal settlement — without public input or public knowledge — that would have California extinguish the land-based access claim. In exchange, Hollister owners would open up a narrow strip of beach to the public, but only to those willing to risk the ocean journey by small craft, such as kayaks, paddleboards or soft-bottom boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920209/silicon-valley-billionaire-takes-case-over-public-beach-access-to-u-s-supreme-court\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Billionaire Takes Case Over Public Beach Access to U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It’s completely unfair, it’s unreasonable and I’m really surprised the state would agree to such a settlement that exposes the public to significant risk,” said Susan Jordan, executive director of the California Coastal Protection Network. “The general member of the public would not be able to manage this and I would advise them not to even try to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Brown agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon winds during his 2010 trip snuck up during his paddle home, turning the placid ocean surface into a roiling mass of whitecaps. The winds flipped his kayak and blew his companions far beyond the shore. Thankfully, he said, surfers passing in a motor boat helped tow them back safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understood the ocean but it ended up becoming a very dangerous trip,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geography and weather make the ocean trek “unpredictable and treacherous,” said Marc Chytilo, an attorney for the Gaviota Coast Conservancy and the Gaviota Coastal Trail Alliance, a collection of coastal advocacy groups now challenging the pending settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes past four canyons which are notorious for having off-shore winds blowing under sundowner conditions,” Chytilo said of the ocean trek from Gaviota State Park to the Cuarto Canyon beach at the Hollister Ranch. “Twenty-five to 40-mile-an-hour winds come out of those canyon mouths.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Barbara Superior Court Judge Colleen Sterne gave the settlement preliminary approval, subject to public notification and the opportunity for any interested party to intervene in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coastal advocates and hundreds of Californians have sent emails to the California Coastal Commission contending that ocean-only access is tantamount to no access at all. And that, Chytilo says, violates California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California constitution and the Coastal Act provide that the public’s right to access the ocean cannot be denied,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Coastal Commissioner Aaron Peskin said the proposed legal settlement, brokered by the State Attorney General’s office “wasn’t ideal but we were making the best of a bad situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is that the public has weighed in: over 1,500 individuals have sent emails,” Peskin said. “They’ve all been heartfelt and that’s really refocused the commission on the longer term goal of getting real public access, not only by water and not only by small groups to Hollister ranch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680479/santa-cruz-neighborhood-rejects-state-compromise-wont-open-gated-beach-for-free\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Cruz Neighborhood Rejects State Compromise, Won’t Open Gated Beach for Free\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Hollister Ranch Owners Association would comment only by written statement. The group characterized the pending settlement, which also includes the expansion of an existing tide pool program for students and of limited tours for certain non-profit groups as “fair and reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe the settlement reflects an appropriate balance of interests – including managed public access to the beach and the continued privacy and security of the Ranch residents,” Monte Ward, president of the Hollister Ranch Owners Association said in the written statement. “It also assures that the valuable natural resources along the coastline will be respected and protected into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge will decide whether to give final approval to the settlement after a final hearing on Sept. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, near San Francisco, Silicon Valley billionaire, Vinod Khosla, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/silicon-valley-billionaire-takes-case-over-public-beach-access-to-u-s-supreme-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been fighting for years to block the beach-going public from crossing his land\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing in the state’s lower courts, the Sun Microsystems co-founder is now asking the U.S. Supreme Court to hear his challenge to the California Coastal Act. That challenge puts the landmark law at risk, said Richard Frank, director of the California Environmental Law and Policy Center at the University of California at Davis School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. Supreme Court has been very concerned about private property rights, particularly as they bump up against coastal access concerns, pretty much since the creation of the California Coastal Act,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the conservative-leaning high court agrees to hear the case, Frank says, private property rights could win out and limit how California manages its nearly one-thousand-mile coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Californians have long treasured public access to all state beaches. But now private land owners are raising new challenges to the landmark California Coastal Act which enshrines beach access for all.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California legislators passed the California Coastal Act in 1976 as a way to protect the state’s famed shoreline and to enshrine beach access for all. But that landmark law has spawned a nearly five-decade-long tug-of-war between the state and private property owners. Now, two highly-publicized legal skirmishes — including one pending before the U.S. Supreme Court — have coastal advocates worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara native Joshua Brown practically grew up in the ocean waves here in California’s picturesque Santa Barbara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started surfing when I was about 11-years-old and I spent a lot of time in the water swimming, kayaking, surfing — being very comfortable in the ocean,” said the 26-year-old resident of Kernville.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622403/coastal-protection-on-the-edge-the-challenge-of-preserving-californias-legacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coastal Protection on the Edge: The Challenge of Preserving California’s Legacy\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So Brown didn’t hesitate in 2010 when friends invited him to strap his surfboard to a kayak and paddle more than two miles to the coveted shores of Hollister Ranch — a community renowned for its legendary waves and pristine coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s insanely beautiful,” Brown said. “There’s otters, there’s all kinds of sea life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 14,500-acre Hollister Ranch is a subdivision of mostly 100-acre lots, owned by wealthy surfers and celebrities. The Ranch is private, gated and patrolled by security guards. Beach trails within the ranch are off-limits to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s exactly how Hollister land owners would like it to stay. They have been fighting to keep their beach private for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the most recent battle, land owners filed a lawsuit in 2013 challenging the state of California’s claim to an easement that provides the only public access by land to a small beach within the famed ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the parties quietly struck a legal settlement — without public input or public knowledge — that would have California extinguish the land-based access claim. In exchange, Hollister owners would open up a narrow strip of beach to the public, but only to those willing to risk the ocean journey by small craft, such as kayaks, paddleboards or soft-bottom boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920209/silicon-valley-billionaire-takes-case-over-public-beach-access-to-u-s-supreme-court\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Billionaire Takes Case Over Public Beach Access to U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It’s completely unfair, it’s unreasonable and I’m really surprised the state would agree to such a settlement that exposes the public to significant risk,” said Susan Jordan, executive director of the California Coastal Protection Network. “The general member of the public would not be able to manage this and I would advise them not to even try to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Brown agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon winds during his 2010 trip snuck up during his paddle home, turning the placid ocean surface into a roiling mass of whitecaps. The winds flipped his kayak and blew his companions far beyond the shore. Thankfully, he said, surfers passing in a motor boat helped tow them back safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understood the ocean but it ended up becoming a very dangerous trip,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geography and weather make the ocean trek “unpredictable and treacherous,” said Marc Chytilo, an attorney for the Gaviota Coast Conservancy and the Gaviota Coastal Trail Alliance, a collection of coastal advocacy groups now challenging the pending settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes past four canyons which are notorious for having off-shore winds blowing under sundowner conditions,” Chytilo said of the ocean trek from Gaviota State Park to the Cuarto Canyon beach at the Hollister Ranch. “Twenty-five to 40-mile-an-hour winds come out of those canyon mouths.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Barbara Superior Court Judge Colleen Sterne gave the settlement preliminary approval, subject to public notification and the opportunity for any interested party to intervene in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coastal advocates and hundreds of Californians have sent emails to the California Coastal Commission contending that ocean-only access is tantamount to no access at all. And that, Chytilo says, violates California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California constitution and the Coastal Act provide that the public’s right to access the ocean cannot be denied,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Coastal Commissioner Aaron Peskin said the proposed legal settlement, brokered by the State Attorney General’s office “wasn’t ideal but we were making the best of a bad situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is that the public has weighed in: over 1,500 individuals have sent emails,” Peskin said. “They’ve all been heartfelt and that’s really refocused the commission on the longer term goal of getting real public access, not only by water and not only by small groups to Hollister ranch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680479/santa-cruz-neighborhood-rejects-state-compromise-wont-open-gated-beach-for-free\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Cruz Neighborhood Rejects State Compromise, Won’t Open Gated Beach for Free\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Hollister Ranch Owners Association would comment only by written statement. The group characterized the pending settlement, which also includes the expansion of an existing tide pool program for students and of limited tours for certain non-profit groups as “fair and reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe the settlement reflects an appropriate balance of interests – including managed public access to the beach and the continued privacy and security of the Ranch residents,” Monte Ward, president of the Hollister Ranch Owners Association said in the written statement. “It also assures that the valuable natural resources along the coastline will be respected and protected into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge will decide whether to give final approval to the settlement after a final hearing on Sept. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, near San Francisco, Silicon Valley billionaire, Vinod Khosla, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/silicon-valley-billionaire-takes-case-over-public-beach-access-to-u-s-supreme-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been fighting for years to block the beach-going public from crossing his land\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing in the state’s lower courts, the Sun Microsystems co-founder is now asking the U.S. Supreme Court to hear his challenge to the California Coastal Act. That challenge puts the landmark law at risk, said Richard Frank, director of the California Environmental Law and Policy Center at the University of California at Davis School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. Supreme Court has been very concerned about private property rights, particularly as they bump up against coastal access concerns, pretty much since the creation of the California Coastal Act,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the conservative-leaning high court agrees to hear the case, Frank says, private property rights could win out and limit how California manages its nearly one-thousand-mile coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "YouTube, Apple and Facebook Ban Infowars, Which Decries 'Mega Purge'",
"title": "YouTube, Apple and Facebook Ban Infowars, Which Decries 'Mega Purge'",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>YouTube, Apple and Facebook have removed main outlets for conspiracy theorist Alex Jones and his Infowars website, citing repeated violations of policies against hate speech and glorifying violence. Infowars responded by accusing the companies of censorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The streaming service Spotify also expanded a ban imposed last week on some of Jones' content, saying Monday that \"The Alex Jones Show has lost access to the Spotify platform.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, Apple and iTunes deleted five podcasts related to Infowars and Jones. The other bans then piled up in quick succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Apple does not tolerate hate speech,\" the company said in a statement. \"We believe in representing a wide range of views, so long as people are respectful to those with differing opinions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>YouTube and Facebook had previously warned Jones and Infowars that they were accumulating \"strikes\" by violating the services' community standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Monday, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/08/enforcing-our-community-standards/\">announced\u003c/a> that it had permanently removed four Alex Jones-related pages — the Alex Jones Channel Page, the Alex Jones Page, the InfoWars Page and the Infowars Nightly News Page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe in giving people a voice, but we also want everyone using Facebook to feel safe,\" the company said in a statement. \"It's why we have community standards and remove anything that violates them, including hate speech that attacks or dehumanizes others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/facebook-bans-infowars-alex-jones-hate-speech-1202887980/\">removed\u003c/a> four specific videos from Alex Jones and Infowars-related pages for violating its hate speech and bullying policies, while Jones himself received a 30-day suspension from Facebook. (YouTube also took down the four videos and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/youtube-deletes-alex-jones-infowars-videos-1202886565/\">banned\u003c/a> Infowars from live streaming for 90 days.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since then,\" Facebook said in its Monday statement, \"more content from the same pages has been reported to us — upon review, we have taken it down for glorifying violence, which violates our graphic violence policy, and using dehumanizing language to describe people who are transgender, Muslims and immigrants, which violates our hate speech policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/08/enforcing-our-community-standards/\">Facebook says\u003c/a> the pushing of \"fake news\" had nothing to do with Jones' removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after Facebook's move, YouTube said that it, too, had taken action.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683962/facebook-says-it-removed-pages-involved-in-deceptive-political-influence-campaign\">Facebook Says It Removed Pages Involved in Deceptive Political Influence Campaign\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683962/facebook-says-it-removed-pages-involved-in-deceptive-political-influence-campaign\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17286700318855_custom-667b9940620bd0b8f81f3a910097597c039da882-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jones apparently also fell afoul of the outlet because despite a July 24 ban against him — for child endangerment and hate speech — Jones' channel tried to send viewers to live video streams on other YouTube channels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When users violate these policies repeatedly, like our policies against hate speech and harassment or our terms prohibiting circumvention of our enforcement measures, we terminate their accounts,\" a YouTube spokesperson told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, Spotify said it had removed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634998447/spotify-pulls-some-alex-jones-podcast-episodes\">some\u003c/a> episodes of \u003cem>The Alex Jones Show\u003c/em> but did not specify which ones, or how many in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing Monday's total ban, a Spotify spokesperson said in a statement to NPR, \"We take reports of hate content seriously and review any podcast episode or song that is flagged by our community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bans and deletions come as big tech companies have faced intense scrutiny and criticism over their role in the spread of bogus news stories and the incitement of hatred — and their potential use as tools to manipulate voters and public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday marks exactly three months before the Nov. 6 midterm elections, timing that had Jones and Infowars crying foul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mega Purge!\" RealNews tweeted on Monday morning. Paul Joseph Watson, Infowars' editor at large, wrote, \"Spotify has now completely banned Infowars too. Apple, Facebook, Spotify all within 12 hours of each other. This isn't enforcement of [terms of service], it's coordinated big tech censorship. This is real election meddling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones is currently facing five separate defamation suits. He has been accused of knowingly spreading false information about the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting this year, the violence in Charlottesville, Va., last year and the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2018/08/02/hearings-conspiracy-theorist-alex-jones\">Three\u003c/a> of the defamation cases have been filed by families of Sandy Hook victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the tech companies recently started pushing back on Infowars, Jones, a syndicated radio host, released a video in which he encouraged his audience to go directly to his website and sign up for its newsletter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So there's no way the censors can get between us,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Jones stated that \"America has been sold out\" and the Infowars Twitter feed declared that the moves against his company were \"communist style censorship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones also urged people to go to his online store and buy a T-shirt, with slogans that back his site and President Trump's re-election campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=YouTube%2C+Apple+and+Facebook+Ban+Infowars%2C+Which+Decries+%27Mega+Purge%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Alex Jones' Infowars site accused the companies of censorship. Apple said, \"We believe in representing a wide range of views, so long as people are respectful to those with differing opinions.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>YouTube, Apple and Facebook have removed main outlets for conspiracy theorist Alex Jones and his Infowars website, citing repeated violations of policies against hate speech and glorifying violence. Infowars responded by accusing the companies of censorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The streaming service Spotify also expanded a ban imposed last week on some of Jones' content, saying Monday that \"The Alex Jones Show has lost access to the Spotify platform.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, Apple and iTunes deleted five podcasts related to Infowars and Jones. The other bans then piled up in quick succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Apple does not tolerate hate speech,\" the company said in a statement. \"We believe in representing a wide range of views, so long as people are respectful to those with differing opinions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>YouTube and Facebook had previously warned Jones and Infowars that they were accumulating \"strikes\" by violating the services' community standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Monday, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/08/enforcing-our-community-standards/\">announced\u003c/a> that it had permanently removed four Alex Jones-related pages — the Alex Jones Channel Page, the Alex Jones Page, the InfoWars Page and the Infowars Nightly News Page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe in giving people a voice, but we also want everyone using Facebook to feel safe,\" the company said in a statement. \"It's why we have community standards and remove anything that violates them, including hate speech that attacks or dehumanizes others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/facebook-bans-infowars-alex-jones-hate-speech-1202887980/\">removed\u003c/a> four specific videos from Alex Jones and Infowars-related pages for violating its hate speech and bullying policies, while Jones himself received a 30-day suspension from Facebook. (YouTube also took down the four videos and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/youtube-deletes-alex-jones-infowars-videos-1202886565/\">banned\u003c/a> Infowars from live streaming for 90 days.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since then,\" Facebook said in its Monday statement, \"more content from the same pages has been reported to us — upon review, we have taken it down for glorifying violence, which violates our graphic violence policy, and using dehumanizing language to describe people who are transgender, Muslims and immigrants, which violates our hate speech policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/08/enforcing-our-community-standards/\">Facebook says\u003c/a> the pushing of \"fake news\" had nothing to do with Jones' removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after Facebook's move, YouTube said that it, too, had taken action.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683962/facebook-says-it-removed-pages-involved-in-deceptive-political-influence-campaign\">Facebook Says It Removed Pages Involved in Deceptive Political Influence Campaign\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683962/facebook-says-it-removed-pages-involved-in-deceptive-political-influence-campaign\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17286700318855_custom-667b9940620bd0b8f81f3a910097597c039da882-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jones apparently also fell afoul of the outlet because despite a July 24 ban against him — for child endangerment and hate speech — Jones' channel tried to send viewers to live video streams on other YouTube channels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When users violate these policies repeatedly, like our policies against hate speech and harassment or our terms prohibiting circumvention of our enforcement measures, we terminate their accounts,\" a YouTube spokesperson told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, Spotify said it had removed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634998447/spotify-pulls-some-alex-jones-podcast-episodes\">some\u003c/a> episodes of \u003cem>The Alex Jones Show\u003c/em> but did not specify which ones, or how many in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing Monday's total ban, a Spotify spokesperson said in a statement to NPR, \"We take reports of hate content seriously and review any podcast episode or song that is flagged by our community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bans and deletions come as big tech companies have faced intense scrutiny and criticism over their role in the spread of bogus news stories and the incitement of hatred — and their potential use as tools to manipulate voters and public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday marks exactly three months before the Nov. 6 midterm elections, timing that had Jones and Infowars crying foul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mega Purge!\" RealNews tweeted on Monday morning. Paul Joseph Watson, Infowars' editor at large, wrote, \"Spotify has now completely banned Infowars too. Apple, Facebook, Spotify all within 12 hours of each other. This isn't enforcement of [terms of service], it's coordinated big tech censorship. This is real election meddling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones is currently facing five separate defamation suits. He has been accused of knowingly spreading false information about the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting this year, the violence in Charlottesville, Va., last year and the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in 2012. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2018/08/02/hearings-conspiracy-theorist-alex-jones\">Three\u003c/a> of the defamation cases have been filed by families of Sandy Hook victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the tech companies recently started pushing back on Infowars, Jones, a syndicated radio host, released a video in which he encouraged his audience to go directly to his website and sign up for its newsletter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So there's no way the censors can get between us,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Jones stated that \"America has been sold out\" and the Infowars Twitter feed declared that the moves against his company were \"communist style censorship.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones also urged people to go to his online store and buy a T-shirt, with slogans that back his site and President Trump's re-election campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=YouTube%2C+Apple+and+Facebook+Ban+Infowars%2C+Which+Decries+%27Mega+Purge%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Amazon Pulls Some Nazi-Themed, Offensive Items After Criticism, But Many Remain",
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"content": "\u003cp>Amazon says it removed several items of racist propaganda from its store in response to questions from a Democratic lawmaker — though white supremacist literature and other propaganda items remain widely available on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After criticism from advocacy groups and Minnesota Democratic Rep. Keith Ellison about the availability of Nazi-themed toys and baby onesies with pictures of burning crosses on Amazon's website, the company said this week that it had removed several items and banned sellers who had violated its policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon's U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/help/external/help.html?itemID=200164670&language=en_US&ref=efph_200164670_cont_200164330\">seller policies\u003c/a> ban \"items that Amazon deems offensive,\" which include products \"that promote or glorify hatred, violence, racial, sexual or religious intolerance or promote organizations with such views.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58d8a1bb3a041137d463d64f/t/5b3e4dd403ce6479df046dd1/1530809814928/Delivering+Hate+-+Jul+2018.pdf\">report last month\u003c/a> by the advocacy groups the Partnership for Working Families and the Action Center on Race & the Economy said Amazon was \"facilitat[ing] the spread of hate ideologies, including white supremacy, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, and homophobia.\" The groups said the \"breadth of Amazon's business combined with its weak and inadequately enforced policies\" was giving hate groups the opportunity to profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report featured pictures of items for sale as of June 2018, including a baby onesie with a picture of a burning cross, a sticker of a noose, Nazi-themed flags and patches, a swastika pendant and Nazi-themed toys for children. The report also named various publishers and authors with e-books for sale on Amazon who were identified as being affiliated with hate groups, according to the monitoring group the Southern Poverty Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That caught the attention of Ellison, \u003ca href=\"https://ellison.house.gov/sites/ellison.house.gov/files/7.17.2018%20Ellison%20Letter%20to%20Jeff%20Bezos%20on%20Amazon%20Sale%20of%20Hateful%20Items_0.pdf\">who sent a letter\u003c/a> to Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos on July 17 asking \"whether Amazon is committed to ceasing the sale of all products that promote hateful and racist ideologies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon replied in a letter dated July 31, saying it had removed items referenced in Ellison's letter and permanently banned seller accounts who had violated Amazon's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Huseman, Amazon's vice president of public policy, said in his letter to Ellison that the company \"makes a significant investment in, and strictly enforces, our seller policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have developed sophisticated, automated tools that use machine learning to scan listings on Amazon, automatically removing listings found to be in violation of our policies, before we are ever notified by an external party,\" he added in a copy of the letter \u003ca href=\"https://int.nyt.com/data/documenthelper/126-amazon-ellison-letter/5415d5a0d5361d800d35/optimized/full.pdf#page=1\">obtained by The New York Times.\u003c/a> \"These automated tools are supplemented by teams of investigators that conduct manual, human review of our listings on a regular basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A search by NPR of Amazon's website yielded many results of racist paraphernalia, especially books by white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Search for \"white pride,\" and Amazon's site will automatically offer suggestions, such as \"white pride shirt,\" \"white pride flag,\" and the white supremacist slogan, \"white pride worldwide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the top results after searching for \"white pride\" is a T-shirt with an \"Amazon's choice\" label, reading, \"It's OK to be white.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White Power\u003c/em> by George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party, is available on Amazon in Kindle, hardcover and paperback, with 50 customer reviews giving it an average of 4.3 out of 5 stars. Amazon's website automatically recommends other titles by Rockwell, including \u003cem>A National Socialist Life\u003c/em> and \u003cem>This Time the World.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trevor Lynch's White Nationalist Guide to the Movies\u003c/em> promises to deal \"frankly with the anti-white bias and Jewish agenda of many mainstream films.\" Amazon's website says the item ships from and is sold by Amazon.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prominent white nationalist Jared Taylor has his own author page on Amazon, with several of his books available. \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/jared-taylor\">The SPLC describes Taylor\u003c/a> as \"a kind of modern-day version of the refined but racist colonialist of old.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another author with books easily available is Kevin B. MacDonald, a retired California State University psychology professor who espouses views that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/kevin-macdonald-backgrounder-november-2013rev.pdf\">the Anti-Defamation League\u003c/a> has called anti-Semitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inquiry to Amazon's media relations office was not immediately returned. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Amazon+Pulls+Some+Nazi-Themed%2C+Offensive+Items+After+Criticism%2C+But+Many+Remain&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Amazon says it removed several items of racist propaganda from its store in response to questions from a Democratic lawmaker — though white supremacist literature and other propaganda items remain widely available on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After criticism from advocacy groups and Minnesota Democratic Rep. Keith Ellison about the availability of Nazi-themed toys and baby onesies with pictures of burning crosses on Amazon's website, the company said this week that it had removed several items and banned sellers who had violated its policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon's U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/help/external/help.html?itemID=200164670&language=en_US&ref=efph_200164670_cont_200164330\">seller policies\u003c/a> ban \"items that Amazon deems offensive,\" which include products \"that promote or glorify hatred, violence, racial, sexual or religious intolerance or promote organizations with such views.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58d8a1bb3a041137d463d64f/t/5b3e4dd403ce6479df046dd1/1530809814928/Delivering+Hate+-+Jul+2018.pdf\">report last month\u003c/a> by the advocacy groups the Partnership for Working Families and the Action Center on Race & the Economy said Amazon was \"facilitat[ing] the spread of hate ideologies, including white supremacy, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, and homophobia.\" The groups said the \"breadth of Amazon's business combined with its weak and inadequately enforced policies\" was giving hate groups the opportunity to profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report featured pictures of items for sale as of June 2018, including a baby onesie with a picture of a burning cross, a sticker of a noose, Nazi-themed flags and patches, a swastika pendant and Nazi-themed toys for children. The report also named various publishers and authors with e-books for sale on Amazon who were identified as being affiliated with hate groups, according to the monitoring group the Southern Poverty Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That caught the attention of Ellison, \u003ca href=\"https://ellison.house.gov/sites/ellison.house.gov/files/7.17.2018%20Ellison%20Letter%20to%20Jeff%20Bezos%20on%20Amazon%20Sale%20of%20Hateful%20Items_0.pdf\">who sent a letter\u003c/a> to Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos on July 17 asking \"whether Amazon is committed to ceasing the sale of all products that promote hateful and racist ideologies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon replied in a letter dated July 31, saying it had removed items referenced in Ellison's letter and permanently banned seller accounts who had violated Amazon's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Huseman, Amazon's vice president of public policy, said in his letter to Ellison that the company \"makes a significant investment in, and strictly enforces, our seller policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have developed sophisticated, automated tools that use machine learning to scan listings on Amazon, automatically removing listings found to be in violation of our policies, before we are ever notified by an external party,\" he added in a copy of the letter \u003ca href=\"https://int.nyt.com/data/documenthelper/126-amazon-ellison-letter/5415d5a0d5361d800d35/optimized/full.pdf#page=1\">obtained by The New York Times.\u003c/a> \"These automated tools are supplemented by teams of investigators that conduct manual, human review of our listings on a regular basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A search by NPR of Amazon's website yielded many results of racist paraphernalia, especially books by white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Search for \"white pride,\" and Amazon's site will automatically offer suggestions, such as \"white pride shirt,\" \"white pride flag,\" and the white supremacist slogan, \"white pride worldwide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the top results after searching for \"white pride\" is a T-shirt with an \"Amazon's choice\" label, reading, \"It's OK to be white.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White Power\u003c/em> by George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party, is available on Amazon in Kindle, hardcover and paperback, with 50 customer reviews giving it an average of 4.3 out of 5 stars. Amazon's website automatically recommends other titles by Rockwell, including \u003cem>A National Socialist Life\u003c/em> and \u003cem>This Time the World.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trevor Lynch's White Nationalist Guide to the Movies\u003c/em> promises to deal \"frankly with the anti-white bias and Jewish agenda of many mainstream films.\" Amazon's website says the item ships from and is sold by Amazon.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prominent white nationalist Jared Taylor has his own author page on Amazon, with several of his books available. \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/jared-taylor\">The SPLC describes Taylor\u003c/a> as \"a kind of modern-day version of the refined but racist colonialist of old.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another author with books easily available is Kevin B. MacDonald, a retired California State University psychology professor who espouses views that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/kevin-macdonald-backgrounder-november-2013rev.pdf\">the Anti-Defamation League\u003c/a> has called anti-Semitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inquiry to Amazon's media relations office was not immediately returned. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Amazon+Pulls+Some+Nazi-Themed%2C+Offensive+Items+After+Criticism%2C+But+Many+Remain&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Gov. Brown: Wildfires Are Evidence of Changing Climate 'In Real Time'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown says California is in “uncharted territory” with the current slew of intense wildfires and he warns that climate change has made the situation “part of our ordinary experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] predictions that I see, the more serious predictions of warming and fires to occur later in the century, 2040 or 2050, they’re now occurring in real time,” Brown said at a news conference on Wednesday in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can expect that — unfortunately — to continue intensifying in California and throughout the Southwest. We are part of that process,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said that only a month into the current budget year California has already spent $125 million, a quarter of its fire budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in for a really rough ride,” Brown said at the news conference. “It’s going to get expensive, it’s going to get dangerous, and we have to apply all our creativity to make the best of what is going to be an increasingly bad situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s remarks reflect \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/13/557393274/california-blazes-are-part-of-a-larger-and-hotter-picture-fire-researchers-say\">a growing body of evidence and scientific opinion\u003c/a> that supports a link between warmer temperatures due to climate change and more fires of greater intensity that occur for more months out of the year. They also echo the frustration of many on the front lines battling the blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\">What You Need to Know: Carr, Mendocino Complex and Ferguson Fires\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/CarrFireBackburn-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Fire is a way of life in California. It’s not going away, so we have to learn to live with it,” Cal Fire Director Ken Pimlott said Wednesday in an interview, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article215852940.html\">The Sacramento Bee.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The need to protect these communities … is requiring more firefighters, more resources all the time,” Pimlott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, firefighters were engaged in a pitched battle to contain at\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1HacmM5E2ueL-FT2c6QMVzoAmE5M19GAf&hl=en&ll=37.526496569132675%2C-119.27200899999997&z=6\"> least\u003c/a> 19 major wildfires that have claimed at least six lives and charred hundreds of square miles in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of them, the Carr Fire north of Sacramento near the city of Redding, has burned for more than a week and engulfed nearly 190 square miles. It is only 35 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters are gaining steady ground on the Carr Fire, which has forced the evacuation of some 38,000 people and destroyed more than 1,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11684494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ap_18213537011261_wide-d50ae66a7700a1a9fc8a417447b5504007dedffd-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Flames consume a home as the River Fire tears though Lakeport on Tuesday.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames consume a home as the River Fire tears though Lakeport on Tuesday. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two fires in Mendocino County, the River Fire, which is 38 percent contained, and the Ranch Fire, 15 percent contained, have consumed nearly 100,000 acres. The Ferguson Fire, which has burned 63,798 acres, is 39 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as firefighters start to turn back some fires, others suddenly spring up. The Associated Press says at least three new ones erupted Wednesday in the Sierra Nevada region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of people across California are waiting to return home or assess what remains of their homes after the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After days of concern over a number of missing individuals, authorities said Wednesday that all those who had been reported missing have now been accounted for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California%27s+Gov.+Brown%3A+Wildfires+Are+Evidence+Of+Changing+Climate+%27In+Real+Time%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown says California is in “uncharted territory” with the current slew of intense wildfires and he warns that climate change has made the situation “part of our ordinary experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] predictions that I see, the more serious predictions of warming and fires to occur later in the century, 2040 or 2050, they’re now occurring in real time,” Brown said at a news conference on Wednesday in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can expect that — unfortunately — to continue intensifying in California and throughout the Southwest. We are part of that process,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said that only a month into the current budget year California has already spent $125 million, a quarter of its fire budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in for a really rough ride,” Brown said at the news conference. “It’s going to get expensive, it’s going to get dangerous, and we have to apply all our creativity to make the best of what is going to be an increasingly bad situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s remarks reflect \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/13/557393274/california-blazes-are-part-of-a-larger-and-hotter-picture-fire-researchers-say\">a growing body of evidence and scientific opinion\u003c/a> that supports a link between warmer temperatures due to climate change and more fires of greater intensity that occur for more months out of the year. They also echo the frustration of many on the front lines battling the blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\">What You Need to Know: Carr, Mendocino Complex and Ferguson Fires\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/CarrFireBackburn-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Fire is a way of life in California. It’s not going away, so we have to learn to live with it,” Cal Fire Director Ken Pimlott said Wednesday in an interview, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article215852940.html\">The Sacramento Bee.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The need to protect these communities … is requiring more firefighters, more resources all the time,” Pimlott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, firefighters were engaged in a pitched battle to contain at\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1HacmM5E2ueL-FT2c6QMVzoAmE5M19GAf&hl=en&ll=37.526496569132675%2C-119.27200899999997&z=6\"> least\u003c/a> 19 major wildfires that have claimed at least six lives and charred hundreds of square miles in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of them, the Carr Fire north of Sacramento near the city of Redding, has burned for more than a week and engulfed nearly 190 square miles. It is only 35 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters are gaining steady ground on the Carr Fire, which has forced the evacuation of some 38,000 people and destroyed more than 1,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11684494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11684494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/ap_18213537011261_wide-d50ae66a7700a1a9fc8a417447b5504007dedffd-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Flames consume a home as the River Fire tears though Lakeport on Tuesday.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames consume a home as the River Fire tears though Lakeport on Tuesday. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two fires in Mendocino County, the River Fire, which is 38 percent contained, and the Ranch Fire, 15 percent contained, have consumed nearly 100,000 acres. The Ferguson Fire, which has burned 63,798 acres, is 39 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as firefighters start to turn back some fires, others suddenly spring up. The Associated Press says at least three new ones erupted Wednesday in the Sierra Nevada region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tens of thousands of people across California are waiting to return home or assess what remains of their homes after the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After days of concern over a number of missing individuals, authorities said Wednesday that all those who had been reported missing have now been accounted for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California%27s+Gov.+Brown%3A+Wildfires+Are+Evidence+Of+Changing+Climate+%27In+Real+Time%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "wells-fargo-to-pay-2-billion-penalty-over-bad-information-used-to-sell-mortgages",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco-based Wells Fargo will pay a $2.09 billion civil penalty over allegations the company originated and sold residential mortgage loans that included misstated income information, the Justice Department said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bank’s actions contributed to the financial crisis, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bank allegedly knew that the loans “contained misstated income information and did not meet the quality that Wells Fargo represented,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/wells-fargo-agrees-pay-209-billion-penalty-allegedly-misrepresenting-quality-loans-used\">the department said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investors, including federally insured financial institutions, suffered billions of dollars in losses from investing in residential mortgage-backed securities containing loans originated by Wells Fargo,” the department added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement “holds Wells Fargo accountable for actions that contributed to the financial crisis,” Acting Associate Attorney General Jesse Panuccio said in a statement. “It sends a strong message that the Department is committed to protecting the nation’s economy and financial markets against fraud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said the claims are allegations. The officials said that the bank hasn’t admitted it did anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate statement, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.wf.com/press-release/consumer-lending/wells-fargo-reaches-agreement-doj-resolve-legacy-rmbs-claims\">Wells Fargo CEO Tim Sloan said\u003c/a> the bank was “pleased to put behind us these legacy issues regarding claims related to residential mortgage-backed securities activities that occurred more than a decade ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just the latest black eye in Wells Fargo’s ongoing image problems. The bank recently paid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/20/604279604/wells-fargo-hit-with-1-billion-in-fines-over-consumer-abuses\">$1 billion fine\u003c/a> to federal regulators for misdeeds related to mortgages and auto loans. As part of that, the bank admitted to repossessing customers’ cars for no good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Chris Arnold contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wells+Fargo+To+Pay+%242+Billion+Penalty+Over+Bad+Information+Used+To+Sell+Mortgages&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The San Francisco-based bank will pay a civil penalty for allegedly selling residential mortgage loans that included misstated income information, the Justice Department said.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco-based Wells Fargo will pay a $2.09 billion civil penalty over allegations the company originated and sold residential mortgage loans that included misstated income information, the Justice Department said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bank’s actions contributed to the financial crisis, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bank allegedly knew that the loans “contained misstated income information and did not meet the quality that Wells Fargo represented,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/wells-fargo-agrees-pay-209-billion-penalty-allegedly-misrepresenting-quality-loans-used\">the department said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investors, including federally insured financial institutions, suffered billions of dollars in losses from investing in residential mortgage-backed securities containing loans originated by Wells Fargo,” the department added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement “holds Wells Fargo accountable for actions that contributed to the financial crisis,” Acting Associate Attorney General Jesse Panuccio said in a statement. “It sends a strong message that the Department is committed to protecting the nation’s economy and financial markets against fraud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said the claims are allegations. The officials said that the bank hasn’t admitted it did anything wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate statement, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.wf.com/press-release/consumer-lending/wells-fargo-reaches-agreement-doj-resolve-legacy-rmbs-claims\">Wells Fargo CEO Tim Sloan said\u003c/a> the bank was “pleased to put behind us these legacy issues regarding claims related to residential mortgage-backed securities activities that occurred more than a decade ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just the latest black eye in Wells Fargo’s ongoing image problems. The bank recently paid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/20/604279604/wells-fargo-hit-with-1-billion-in-fines-over-consumer-abuses\">$1 billion fine\u003c/a> to federal regulators for misdeeds related to mortgages and auto loans. As part of that, the bank admitted to repossessing customers’ cars for no good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Chris Arnold contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wells+Fargo+To+Pay+%242+Billion+Penalty+Over+Bad+Information+Used+To+Sell+Mortgages&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/07/removing-bad-actors-on-facebook/\">announced Tuesday afternoon\u003c/a> that it has removed 32 Facebook and Instagram accounts or pages involved in a political influence campaign with links to the Russian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says this included efforts to organize counter-protests August 10-12 for the white nationalist Unite The Right 2 rally planned in Washington that weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counterfeit administrators from a fake page called 'Resisters' connected with five legitimate Facebook pages to build interest and share logistical information for counter-protests, Facebook said. The imminence of that event was what prompted Facebook to go public with this information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a blog post from the head of Facebook's cybersecurity policy, the company says those accounts were \"involved in coordinated inauthentic behavior,\" but that their investigation had not yielded definitive information about who was behind the effort. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Facebook's top security officials said that the campaign involved similar \"tools, techniques and procedures\" employed by the Russian Internet Research Agency during the 2016 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are not many details presented about the origin of these pages, but there is a link established between a page involved in organizing Unite The Right counter-protests and an IRA account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook noticed that a known Internet Research Agency account had been made a co-administrator on a fake page for a period of seven minutes — something a top Facebook official called \"interesting but not determinative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actors behind the accounts were more careful to conceal their true identities than the Internet Research Agency has in the past, Facebook said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/634319520/634369365\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Internet Research Agency accounts had occasionally used Russian IP addresses in the past, the actors behind this effort never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These bad actors have been more careful to cover their tracks, in part due to the actions we've taken to prevent abuse over the past year,\" wrote Nathaniel Gleicher, head of cybersecurity policy at Facebook. \"For example they used VPNs and internet phone services, and paid third parties to run ads on their behalf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Republican and Democratic leaders of the Senate Intelligence Committee were less reserved about placing the blame for this campaign on the Russian government. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The goal of these operations is to sow discord, distrust, and division in an attempt to undermine public faith in our institutions and our political system. The Russians want a weak America,\" said Sen. Richard Burr, the chairman of that committee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Sen. Mark Warner, the top Democrat on the panel, \"today's disclosure is further evidence that the Kremlin continues to exploit platforms like Facebook to sow division and spread disinformation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This most recent political influence campaign consisted of pages with names like \"Aztlan Warriors,\" \"Black Elevation,\" \"Mindful Being,\" and \"Resisters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pages were created between March 2017 and May 2018 and had a total of 290,000 followers. Over this time period they generated 9,500 posts and ran 150 ads for approximately $11,000. They also organized approximately 30 events, only two of which were slated for the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says it is still in early stages of an investigation and is sharing information with U.S. law enforcement and Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers and Trump administration officials have been continuously warning that Russian continues to interfere with the American elections process. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We expect to find activities focused on the [2018 Congressional] midterms as our investigations continue,\" Gleicher said on a conference call with reporters Tuesday afternoon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Facebook+Says+It+Removed+Pages+Involved+In+Deceptive+Political+Influence+Campaign&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/07/removing-bad-actors-on-facebook/\">announced Tuesday afternoon\u003c/a> that it has removed 32 Facebook and Instagram accounts or pages involved in a political influence campaign with links to the Russian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says this included efforts to organize counter-protests August 10-12 for the white nationalist Unite The Right 2 rally planned in Washington that weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counterfeit administrators from a fake page called 'Resisters' connected with five legitimate Facebook pages to build interest and share logistical information for counter-protests, Facebook said. The imminence of that event was what prompted Facebook to go public with this information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a blog post from the head of Facebook's cybersecurity policy, the company says those accounts were \"involved in coordinated inauthentic behavior,\" but that their investigation had not yielded definitive information about who was behind the effort. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Facebook's top security officials said that the campaign involved similar \"tools, techniques and procedures\" employed by the Russian Internet Research Agency during the 2016 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are not many details presented about the origin of these pages, but there is a link established between a page involved in organizing Unite The Right counter-protests and an IRA account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook noticed that a known Internet Research Agency account had been made a co-administrator on a fake page for a period of seven minutes — something a top Facebook official called \"interesting but not determinative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actors behind the accounts were more careful to conceal their true identities than the Internet Research Agency has in the past, Facebook said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/634319520/634369365\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Internet Research Agency accounts had occasionally used Russian IP addresses in the past, the actors behind this effort never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These bad actors have been more careful to cover their tracks, in part due to the actions we've taken to prevent abuse over the past year,\" wrote Nathaniel Gleicher, head of cybersecurity policy at Facebook. \"For example they used VPNs and internet phone services, and paid third parties to run ads on their behalf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Republican and Democratic leaders of the Senate Intelligence Committee were less reserved about placing the blame for this campaign on the Russian government. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The goal of these operations is to sow discord, distrust, and division in an attempt to undermine public faith in our institutions and our political system. The Russians want a weak America,\" said Sen. Richard Burr, the chairman of that committee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Added Sen. Mark Warner, the top Democrat on the panel, \"today's disclosure is further evidence that the Kremlin continues to exploit platforms like Facebook to sow division and spread disinformation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This most recent political influence campaign consisted of pages with names like \"Aztlan Warriors,\" \"Black Elevation,\" \"Mindful Being,\" and \"Resisters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pages were created between March 2017 and May 2018 and had a total of 290,000 followers. Over this time period they generated 9,500 posts and ran 150 ads for approximately $11,000. They also organized approximately 30 events, only two of which were slated for the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says it is still in early stages of an investigation and is sharing information with U.S. law enforcement and Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers and Trump administration officials have been continuously warning that Russian continues to interfere with the American elections process. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We expect to find activities focused on the [2018 Congressional] midterms as our investigations continue,\" Gleicher said on a conference call with reporters Tuesday afternoon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Facebook+Says+It+Removed+Pages+Involved+In+Deceptive+Political+Influence+Campaign&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Saudi Arabia started allowing women to drive last month — a historic shift in the last country in the world to ban women from getting behind the wheel — Samah Damanhoori was watching closely from California. The 29-year-old Saudi woman has a lot at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few weeks before the ban was lifted on what was officially known as \"Driving Day,\" June 24, Saudi security officials jailed more than a dozen women activists, some of whom have advocated for the right to drive since the 1990s. In what appeared to be a government-sponsored, front-page smear campaign, Saudi newspapers published the women's names, claiming they were \"traitors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's horrifying and it's very scary, what is happening right now,\" Damanhoori says about the sweeping arrests of activists on unspecific charges. \"We still don't know why, why now, we still don't have clear answers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Damanhoori, the driving reform — something backed by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, hailed as a progressive reformer by many supporters — signaled that women drivers and women workers might be part of the kingdom's plan to modernize and diversify the oil-dependent economy. But it went only so far: Saudi Arabia's sweeping guardianship rules remain in place. Every Saudi woman is required to have a male guardian — a husband, uncle, son — who makes major life decisions on her behalf, even if she's an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori has been speaking out against the guardianship laws from San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women cannot study, cannot work, cannot even travel without male permission or a male guardian. It's as simple as that,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she won a Saudi government scholarship for a graduate program at Notre Dame de Namur University in California, her father had to approve her enrollment and her application for a passport. He had to give his consent for her to travel to the U.S. Under Saudi law, called \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em> in Arabic, Damanhoori had to have a male relative accompany her to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her father accompanied her to California to enroll in her courses and gave permission for her to stay on without a \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>, but when he got back to Saudi Arabia, she says, he changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wrote about these events in a memoir for her master's thesis, in which she recounts a call she received from the Saudi Embassy in Washington, D.C.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>' \"Who is your \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>?' 'My father,' I said. 'Where is he?' 'Home.' 'Hmmm. Well, Samah, you father called us and asked us to cancel your scholarship because he no longer approves you studying here without a male companion. Is there a conflict between the two of you?' 'Not at all. I don't know why he canceled it since he's the one who brought me here and signed I could be here without a \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Saudi Embassy did not respond to an NPR request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9H-uX0T_Pn4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori decided to stay in the U.S. and cut family ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really hard at the beginning, I lost myself, I lost the ability to form a whole sentence,\" she says, describing those first months after she decided to stay in California against her father's orders. \"I came from a very strict country to a very free country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father, Sameer Damanhoori, reached by phone in Saudi Arabia, confirmed to NPR that he had canceled his daughter's scholarship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is our custom,\" he said, referring to the rights that he has under the guardianship laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants his daughter to come home and forget her education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori's graduate adviser supported her decision to stay in the U.S. and the college helped her find sponsors to pay for tuition and housing. After graduation in 2017, she got a job in high tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has also applied for political asylum in the U.S. Her asylum claim is that the guardianship system puts her in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My story with my father, and — what would happen if I go back to Saudi,\" she says, is the official narrative she submitted to U.S. officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She claims her father has been abusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He denies abusing his daughter, but says if she returns to Saudi Arabia, he will never give permission for her to leave again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori now sees her role as an outside voice for Saudi women's rights. She gives talks in the Bay Area, uploaded to YouTube to reach an audience back home. She has regained her voice, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more I spoke up — the more I went in public, all the noises in my head just became lower,\" she says. \"It's really important to speak loud for these women who are being abused, to never give up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women's March Global, a New York City-based international organization that helps amplify women's voices, is \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/womens-march-global/hold-saudi-arabia-accountable-619b3cc8e90b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">helping Damanhoori get her message out\u003c/a>. The organization has collected \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/united-nations-hold-saudi-arabia-accountable-free-saudi-activists\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 200,000 signatures\u003c/a> to support the jailed activists in Saudi Arabia and has delivered the petition to the United Nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to understand what's she given up to step into this role,\" says executive director Lara Stein. \"But she understands that she's one of the few people that is able to have a voice, and I think at the end of the day, it's a very courageous move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori recognizes the message of the activists' arrests. New reforms in the kingdom don't include political openings. Critical voices have been silenced. There is still, she says, a long road ahead for women in Saudi Arabia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=From+California%2C+A+Saudi+Woman+Fights+Her+Country%27s+Strict+Male+Guardianship+Laws&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Saudi Arabia started allowing women to drive last month — a historic shift in the last country in the world to ban women from getting behind the wheel — Samah Damanhoori was watching closely from California. The 29-year-old Saudi woman has a lot at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few weeks before the ban was lifted on what was officially known as \"Driving Day,\" June 24, Saudi security officials jailed more than a dozen women activists, some of whom have advocated for the right to drive since the 1990s. In what appeared to be a government-sponsored, front-page smear campaign, Saudi newspapers published the women's names, claiming they were \"traitors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's horrifying and it's very scary, what is happening right now,\" Damanhoori says about the sweeping arrests of activists on unspecific charges. \"We still don't know why, why now, we still don't have clear answers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Damanhoori, the driving reform — something backed by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, hailed as a progressive reformer by many supporters — signaled that women drivers and women workers might be part of the kingdom's plan to modernize and diversify the oil-dependent economy. But it went only so far: Saudi Arabia's sweeping guardianship rules remain in place. Every Saudi woman is required to have a male guardian — a husband, uncle, son — who makes major life decisions on her behalf, even if she's an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori has been speaking out against the guardianship laws from San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women cannot study, cannot work, cannot even travel without male permission or a male guardian. It's as simple as that,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she won a Saudi government scholarship for a graduate program at Notre Dame de Namur University in California, her father had to approve her enrollment and her application for a passport. He had to give his consent for her to travel to the U.S. Under Saudi law, called \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em> in Arabic, Damanhoori had to have a male relative accompany her to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her father accompanied her to California to enroll in her courses and gave permission for her to stay on without a \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>, but when he got back to Saudi Arabia, she says, he changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wrote about these events in a memoir for her master's thesis, in which she recounts a call she received from the Saudi Embassy in Washington, D.C.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>' \"Who is your \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>?' 'My father,' I said. 'Where is he?' 'Home.' 'Hmmm. Well, Samah, you father called us and asked us to cancel your scholarship because he no longer approves you studying here without a male companion. Is there a conflict between the two of you?' 'Not at all. I don't know why he canceled it since he's the one who brought me here and signed I could be here without a \u003cem>mahram\u003c/em>.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Saudi Embassy did not respond to an NPR request for comment.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/9H-uX0T_Pn4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/9H-uX0T_Pn4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Damanhoori decided to stay in the U.S. and cut family ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really hard at the beginning, I lost myself, I lost the ability to form a whole sentence,\" she says, describing those first months after she decided to stay in California against her father's orders. \"I came from a very strict country to a very free country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father, Sameer Damanhoori, reached by phone in Saudi Arabia, confirmed to NPR that he had canceled his daughter's scholarship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is our custom,\" he said, referring to the rights that he has under the guardianship laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants his daughter to come home and forget her education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori's graduate adviser supported her decision to stay in the U.S. and the college helped her find sponsors to pay for tuition and housing. After graduation in 2017, she got a job in high tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has also applied for political asylum in the U.S. Her asylum claim is that the guardianship system puts her in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My story with my father, and — what would happen if I go back to Saudi,\" she says, is the official narrative she submitted to U.S. officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She claims her father has been abusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He denies abusing his daughter, but says if she returns to Saudi Arabia, he will never give permission for her to leave again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori now sees her role as an outside voice for Saudi women's rights. She gives talks in the Bay Area, uploaded to YouTube to reach an audience back home. She has regained her voice, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more I spoke up — the more I went in public, all the noises in my head just became lower,\" she says. \"It's really important to speak loud for these women who are being abused, to never give up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women's March Global, a New York City-based international organization that helps amplify women's voices, is \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/womens-march-global/hold-saudi-arabia-accountable-619b3cc8e90b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">helping Damanhoori get her message out\u003c/a>. The organization has collected \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/united-nations-hold-saudi-arabia-accountable-free-saudi-activists\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 200,000 signatures\u003c/a> to support the jailed activists in Saudi Arabia and has delivered the petition to the United Nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to understand what's she given up to step into this role,\" says executive director Lara Stein. \"But she understands that she's one of the few people that is able to have a voice, and I think at the end of the day, it's a very courageous move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damanhoori recognizes the message of the activists' arrests. New reforms in the kingdom don't include political openings. Critical voices have been silenced. There is still, she says, a long road ahead for women in Saudi Arabia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=From+California%2C+A+Saudi+Woman+Fights+Her+Country%27s+Strict+Male+Guardianship+Laws&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "trump-administration-defends-campus-sexual-assault-rules",
"title": "Trump Administration Defends New Campus Sexual Assault Rules in Court",
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"headTitle": "Trump Administration Defends New Campus Sexual Assault Rules in Court | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Trump administration lawyers are defending their new rules on how campuses should handle cases of sexual assault. Education Secretary Betsy DeVos issued the new guidance last fall, after scrapping Obama-era rules that she said were forcing schools to violate the due process rights of the accused. But survivors’ advocates filed a federal lawsuit shortly after, arguing DeVos’ replacement guidelines discriminate against alleged victims and discourage them from reporting assaults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The message that is sent is that the administration believes that women who report sexual harassment and violence are liars,” says Jennifer Reisch, legal director of Equal Rights Advocates, one of three groups who brought the lawsuit. She spoke to reporters Thursday, after a hearing on the lawsuit at the U.S. District Court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeVos’ interim guidelines allow schools to demand a higher standard of evidence that would make it tougher to prove an assault, permit schools to hear appeals only from the accused, and let investigations go on for an indefinite amount of time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that was allowed in the Obama era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prior administration also used to require schools to protect alleged victims during investigations; now, that’s up to schools’ discretion. And the old norm of making the accused student stay away from the accuser is now considered unfair. Schools are supposed to be even-handed — prompting some to rely on “no-contact” orders that apply mutually to both students. But Reisch argues that putting the onus on alleged victims unfairly punishes them, by restricting where they can go and live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is sending a message that you come forward at your peril,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robin Thurston, a senior counsel for the Democracy Forward Foundation and one of the attorneys bringing the lawsuit against the Trump administration’s guidance says that “survivors are being chilled from coming forward.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guidance harms women,” Thurston says. “And we think there’s really significant evidence that the decision-makers at the Department of Education were motivated by a view that women and girls in general make false accusations of sexual assault. And the law is very clear that if the government was motivated by a discriminatory mindset, that’s unconstitutional.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit cites public comments from DeVos that plaintiffs say exaggerate the problem of false accusations. It also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/07/13/537082095/education-department-official-apologizes-for-flippant-campus-sexual-assault-comm\">points to a comment\u003c/a> from the then-acting Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights Candice Jackson, who told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> last summer that she believed “90 percent” of campus sexual assault allegations are really just about drunk sex, or morning-after regrets. Jackson later apologized for the “flippant” remark, insisting it poorly characterized her actual beliefs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also cites comments from President Trump, who has dismissed women who’ve accused him as “phony accusers” out for “some free fame.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This discriminatory and stereotyped view of women and girls has become formal White House policy” the suit argues, and the “administration’s animus toward woman gives license to … Executive branch decision makers who share the same discriminatory views.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government officials declined to comment on pending litigation, but in court papers, attorneys argue that a “handful of statements” do not prove “sexism” or discriminatory intent. They argue the case should be thrown out on procedural grounds, because the plaintiffs haven’t sufficiently established that they were harmed by the new guidance, and because the guidance is only temporary anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorney Justin Dillon, who represents students accused of sexual assault and who’s not involved with the case, calls it “completely frivolous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-800x600.jpg\" alt='Sonja Breda, 23, right, holds a sign saying \"Stop Betsy\" as a group of survivors of sexual violence and their supporters gathered to protest proposed changes to Title IX before a speech by Education Secretary Betsy DeVos on Sept. 7, 2017, at the George Mason University Arlington, Va., campus.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11681657\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sonja Breda, 23, right, holds a sign saying “Stop Betsy” as a group of survivors of sexual violence and their supporters gathered to protest proposed changes to Title IX before a speech by Education Secretary Betsy DeVos on Sept. 7, 2017, at the George Mason University Arlington, Va., campus. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dillon was the lawyer who sued the Obama administration in 2016, arguing its guidance was unlawful because it didn’t go through the proper approval process. But he says that case was different because it specifically named a student and a school harmed by the policy. That lawsuit was withdrawn after the Obama-era guidance was revoked by the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon calls DeVos’ September 2017 guidance a “good tonal shift, and a good signal to universities that the era of ignoring due process is over.” While he says he’s disappointed that it hasn’t yet sparked more changes in campus policies, he says campuses that are making changes are making things more fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, he says DeVos’ new rules protect students from being “ambushed” without knowing the charges or evidence against them, and interim measures now tend to be less “draconian.” And if not, Dillon says, the new guidance makes it easier to assert accused students’ due process rights, as happened when a school kicked one of his clients off campus while an investigation was still pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went to them and cited the guidance and said, ‘You can’t do this, you’re interfering with his education,’ ” he recalls. “And in that case I was able to persuade them to let him back on campus.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For schools, the change has brought some measure of confusion. Most are taking a wait-and-see approach, as DeVos is expected to propose permanent rules this fall. It may take until the end of the school year, or longer, for those rules to be finalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, campuses continue to face lawsuits from alleged victims and increasingly successful legal challenges from accused students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a lot of ways, it does feel like you’re a bit caught in the middle,” says Martha Alexander, executive director of the Office Of Institutional Equity and Equal Opportunity and Title IX coordinator for the University of Kentucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UK just changed its policy in June. It keeps the standard of evidence low, but Alexander says “to make it a more balanced policy to make sure all parties had a fair shot,” it builds in more due process protections for accused students. Hearing panels now need to be unanimous when finding a student at fault, and only accused students are now allowed to bring appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that this policy, and these changes, really is a step towards getting to a more fair system,” Alexander says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many campuses say they welcome what they see as more freedom to set rules as they see fit, with less onerous oversight from the government. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter McDonough, vice president and general counsel for the American Council on Education, a group that represents college and university presidents, says many college presidents are no longer operating in constant fear of the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, which oversees enforcement of Title IX, the federal law that bars gender discrimination in education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the days of the Obama administration, when an individual student complained to the OCR about his or her school, the office would not only investigate that case — it would automatically trigger a systemic investigation of the school, checking for anything else that might be amiss, which could take years. Campuses felt investigations would stay open “until something was found,” McDonough says, which was viewed as a “gotcha approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Trump administration, a student complaint to the government is treated more like an isolated incident. McDonough says schools now see the government as more ally than adversary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Catherine Lhamon, assistant secretary for civil rights in the Department of Education during the Obama administration, says the OCR must be more aggressive in trying to uncover whether schools are handling all cases fairly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the government only investigates [complaints that a student] thinks to bring to the government, the government’s not doing its job,” she says. “And I worry every day that [schools are getting] effectively a pass on complying with the law. And that will ruin young lives,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the Trump administration’s approach prompts some schools to ease up on how they handle sexual assault cases, it’s also already prompting others schools to double down, according to Andrew Miltenberg, an attorney who has represented hundreds of accused students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s driven very much by personal politics … as opposed to institutional policy,” he says. “There has been a very palpable sense of, ‘Hell no! Women have rights, and I’m not turning around and changing how we treat rape victims just because we have Donald Trump as a president.’ I’ve heard it too many times to discount,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miltenberg says policy corrections are needed, but they must be consistent and measured. Campuses that flout due process protections are as troubling, he says, as schools that are now meting out probations for offenses that used to get expulsions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Defends+Campus+Sexual+Assault+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Trump administration lawyers are defending their new rules on how campuses should handle cases of sexual assault. Education Secretary Betsy DeVos issued the new guidance last fall, after scrapping Obama-era rules that she said were forcing schools to violate the due process rights of the accused. But survivors’ advocates filed a federal lawsuit shortly after, arguing DeVos’ replacement guidelines discriminate against alleged victims and discourage them from reporting assaults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The message that is sent is that the administration believes that women who report sexual harassment and violence are liars,” says Jennifer Reisch, legal director of Equal Rights Advocates, one of three groups who brought the lawsuit. She spoke to reporters Thursday, after a hearing on the lawsuit at the U.S. District Court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeVos’ interim guidelines allow schools to demand a higher standard of evidence that would make it tougher to prove an assault, permit schools to hear appeals only from the accused, and let investigations go on for an indefinite amount of time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that was allowed in the Obama era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prior administration also used to require schools to protect alleged victims during investigations; now, that’s up to schools’ discretion. And the old norm of making the accused student stay away from the accuser is now considered unfair. Schools are supposed to be even-handed — prompting some to rely on “no-contact” orders that apply mutually to both students. But Reisch argues that putting the onus on alleged victims unfairly punishes them, by restricting where they can go and live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is sending a message that you come forward at your peril,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robin Thurston, a senior counsel for the Democracy Forward Foundation and one of the attorneys bringing the lawsuit against the Trump administration’s guidance says that “survivors are being chilled from coming forward.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guidance harms women,” Thurston says. “And we think there’s really significant evidence that the decision-makers at the Department of Education were motivated by a view that women and girls in general make false accusations of sexual assault. And the law is very clear that if the government was motivated by a discriminatory mindset, that’s unconstitutional.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit cites public comments from DeVos that plaintiffs say exaggerate the problem of false accusations. It also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/07/13/537082095/education-department-official-apologizes-for-flippant-campus-sexual-assault-comm\">points to a comment\u003c/a> from the then-acting Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights Candice Jackson, who told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> last summer that she believed “90 percent” of campus sexual assault allegations are really just about drunk sex, or morning-after regrets. Jackson later apologized for the “flippant” remark, insisting it poorly characterized her actual beliefs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also cites comments from President Trump, who has dismissed women who’ve accused him as “phony accusers” out for “some free fame.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This discriminatory and stereotyped view of women and girls has become formal White House policy” the suit argues, and the “administration’s animus toward woman gives license to … Executive branch decision makers who share the same discriminatory views.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government officials declined to comment on pending litigation, but in court papers, attorneys argue that a “handful of statements” do not prove “sexism” or discriminatory intent. They argue the case should be thrown out on procedural grounds, because the plaintiffs haven’t sufficiently established that they were harmed by the new guidance, and because the guidance is only temporary anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorney Justin Dillon, who represents students accused of sexual assault and who’s not involved with the case, calls it “completely frivolous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11681657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-800x600.jpg\" alt='Sonja Breda, 23, right, holds a sign saying \"Stop Betsy\" as a group of survivors of sexual violence and their supporters gathered to protest proposed changes to Title IX before a speech by Education Secretary Betsy DeVos on Sept. 7, 2017, at the George Mason University Arlington, Va., campus.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11681657\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/ap_17250578528580-e29ca125915e0a954a2f2c4c03069c9f19ad33b3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sonja Breda, 23, right, holds a sign saying “Stop Betsy” as a group of survivors of sexual violence and their supporters gathered to protest proposed changes to Title IX before a speech by Education Secretary Betsy DeVos on Sept. 7, 2017, at the George Mason University Arlington, Va., campus. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dillon was the lawyer who sued the Obama administration in 2016, arguing its guidance was unlawful because it didn’t go through the proper approval process. But he says that case was different because it specifically named a student and a school harmed by the policy. That lawsuit was withdrawn after the Obama-era guidance was revoked by the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon calls DeVos’ September 2017 guidance a “good tonal shift, and a good signal to universities that the era of ignoring due process is over.” While he says he’s disappointed that it hasn’t yet sparked more changes in campus policies, he says campuses that are making changes are making things more fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, he says DeVos’ new rules protect students from being “ambushed” without knowing the charges or evidence against them, and interim measures now tend to be less “draconian.” And if not, Dillon says, the new guidance makes it easier to assert accused students’ due process rights, as happened when a school kicked one of his clients off campus while an investigation was still pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went to them and cited the guidance and said, ‘You can’t do this, you’re interfering with his education,’ ” he recalls. “And in that case I was able to persuade them to let him back on campus.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For schools, the change has brought some measure of confusion. Most are taking a wait-and-see approach, as DeVos is expected to propose permanent rules this fall. It may take until the end of the school year, or longer, for those rules to be finalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, campuses continue to face lawsuits from alleged victims and increasingly successful legal challenges from accused students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a lot of ways, it does feel like you’re a bit caught in the middle,” says Martha Alexander, executive director of the Office Of Institutional Equity and Equal Opportunity and Title IX coordinator for the University of Kentucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UK just changed its policy in June. It keeps the standard of evidence low, but Alexander says “to make it a more balanced policy to make sure all parties had a fair shot,” it builds in more due process protections for accused students. Hearing panels now need to be unanimous when finding a student at fault, and only accused students are now allowed to bring appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that this policy, and these changes, really is a step towards getting to a more fair system,” Alexander says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many campuses say they welcome what they see as more freedom to set rules as they see fit, with less onerous oversight from the government. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter McDonough, vice president and general counsel for the American Council on Education, a group that represents college and university presidents, says many college presidents are no longer operating in constant fear of the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, which oversees enforcement of Title IX, the federal law that bars gender discrimination in education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the days of the Obama administration, when an individual student complained to the OCR about his or her school, the office would not only investigate that case — it would automatically trigger a systemic investigation of the school, checking for anything else that might be amiss, which could take years. Campuses felt investigations would stay open “until something was found,” McDonough says, which was viewed as a “gotcha approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Trump administration, a student complaint to the government is treated more like an isolated incident. McDonough says schools now see the government as more ally than adversary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Catherine Lhamon, assistant secretary for civil rights in the Department of Education during the Obama administration, says the OCR must be more aggressive in trying to uncover whether schools are handling all cases fairly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the government only investigates [complaints that a student] thinks to bring to the government, the government’s not doing its job,” she says. “And I worry every day that [schools are getting] effectively a pass on complying with the law. And that will ruin young lives,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the Trump administration’s approach prompts some schools to ease up on how they handle sexual assault cases, it’s also already prompting others schools to double down, according to Andrew Miltenberg, an attorney who has represented hundreds of accused students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s driven very much by personal politics … as opposed to institutional policy,” he says. “There has been a very palpable sense of, ‘Hell no! Women have rights, and I’m not turning around and changing how we treat rape victims just because we have Donald Trump as a president.’ I’ve heard it too many times to discount,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miltenberg says policy corrections are needed, but they must be consistent and measured. Campuses that flout due process protections are as troubling, he says, as schools that are now meting out probations for offenses that used to get expulsions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Defends+Campus+Sexual+Assault+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
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"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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