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"content": "\u003cp>When someone you love loses a person \u003cem>they\u003c/em> love, it can be hard to know what to say. You want to show your friend you love and support them, but you also know there really isn’t much you can say to heal their pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the best thing to do is “name the elephant in the room,” says \u003ca href=\"https://mekelharrisphd.com/\">\u003cu>Mekel Harris\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a psychologist and grief consultant. Although it may feel awkward, don’t be afraid to talk to your friend about their loss. “It’s not about having the perfect script. It is about acknowledging I’m thinking of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you feel at a loss for words, Harris and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marisareneelee.com/\">Marisa Renee Lee\u003c/a>, author of \u003cem>Grief is Love\u003c/em>, share dos and don’ts to help you find the right thing to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say, “I can’t imagine what you’re going through.”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, you can, Harris says. “We don’t have to stretch to understand there’s pain, grief and heartache associated with death.” So, use your imagination to be with your friend in their grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris suggests saying: “I can imagine how difficult the journey may be. I just want you to know I’m here for you in whatever way is meaningful for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “I don’t have the right words.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s OK to acknowledge that you don’t know what to say, Harris says. Your friend will understand that it’s hard to get the words right. It also addresses the loss and shows you’re not trying to avoid talking about what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Avoidance is only comfortable for the person who’s avoiding,” Harris says. In other words, it may be emotionally easier for you to stay silent about your friend’s loss, but it may cause your friend pain.[aside label=\"Related Advice from NPR\" link1=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/05/12/854905033/grief-for-beginners-5-things-to-know-about-processing-loss,Grief for beginners: 5 things to know about processing loss\" link2=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/07/1168641456/bad-at-saying-goodbye-here-are-4-tips-for-a-fond-farewell,4 tips for saying goodbye to someone you love\" link3=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/24/1189865100/processing-pet-grief-with-love,Losing a pet is hard. Here's how to cope\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say anything that starts with “at least.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes “at least they’re in a better place” or “at least they are no longer suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you start with “at least,” you are minimizing your friend’s experience and, crucially, imposing a viewpoint that may not ring true. “To the person navigating loss, there is no better place but for the person to be physically here,” Harris says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “No need to respond.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee recommends adding this to any message you send to your grieving friend. Releasing the other person from any pressure or expectation to reply can make it easier for them to feel supported without any obligation or guilt to have to reciprocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T use cliches or platitudes. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avoid saying phrases like, “time heals all wounds” or “everything happens for a reason.” They can sound hollow and impersonal, like you’re simply checking a box to fulfill your obligation of saying something, Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phrases that are focused on healing or moving on are also not helpful to your friend, who may want to sit in their grief to process it a little longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO tell them you love them, that it’s hard and that you’re sorry. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stick with something specific to your relationship and your connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person who is grieving is not somebody you have a close relationship with, you can say something like, “I heard that [person who died] passed away, and I’m holding you in my thoughts,” Harris says. Leading with empathy and staying true to your relationship is the key to not overstepping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO walk down memory lane. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may not want to talk about the person who has died for fear of making your friend sad. But don’t be afraid to share stories you remember about them, even months or years later. It shows you care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee lost her mom over 15 years ago. She appreciates it when friends and family share memories of her, she says. “I am never not thinking about her in some regard.” It makes her feel good to know that others are still thinking about her mom, too — and she’s not forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO keep checking in over time.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks after a loss, the grieving person is often getting texts and phone calls, Harris says. “Typically, as time goes on, the social support dwindles. To the grieving heart, that can be devastating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So keep reaching out to your friend, even months after the death. Grief is a long road, and each person grieves at their own pace and in their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We want to hear from you: What do you say to a friend when their loved one has died?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Share your beautiful messages of support and condolences. Email \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>\u003cu>lifekit@npr.org\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and we may feature your response in our newsletter or on NPR.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The digital story was edited by Malaka Gharib. The visual producer is Beck Harlan.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Want more Life Kit? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter and get expert advice on topics like money, relationships, health and more. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe now\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Corrections, December 6, 2024: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>A previous audio version of this story incorrectly gave the title of Dr. Mekel Harris’ book as Relaxing Into Grief. Her book is titled Relaxing Into the Pain: My Journey Into Grief & Beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When someone you love loses a person \u003cem>they\u003c/em> love, it can be hard to know what to say. You want to show your friend you love and support them, but you also know there really isn’t much you can say to heal their pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the best thing to do is “name the elephant in the room,” says \u003ca href=\"https://mekelharrisphd.com/\">\u003cu>Mekel Harris\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a psychologist and grief consultant. Although it may feel awkward, don’t be afraid to talk to your friend about their loss. “It’s not about having the perfect script. It is about acknowledging I’m thinking of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you feel at a loss for words, Harris and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marisareneelee.com/\">Marisa Renee Lee\u003c/a>, author of \u003cem>Grief is Love\u003c/em>, share dos and don’ts to help you find the right thing to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say, “I can’t imagine what you’re going through.”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, you can, Harris says. “We don’t have to stretch to understand there’s pain, grief and heartache associated with death.” So, use your imagination to be with your friend in their grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris suggests saying: “I can imagine how difficult the journey may be. I just want you to know I’m here for you in whatever way is meaningful for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “I don’t have the right words.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s OK to acknowledge that you don’t know what to say, Harris says. Your friend will understand that it’s hard to get the words right. It also addresses the loss and shows you’re not trying to avoid talking about what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Avoidance is only comfortable for the person who’s avoiding,” Harris says. In other words, it may be emotionally easier for you to stay silent about your friend’s loss, but it may cause your friend pain.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say anything that starts with “at least.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes “at least they’re in a better place” or “at least they are no longer suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you start with “at least,” you are minimizing your friend’s experience and, crucially, imposing a viewpoint that may not ring true. “To the person navigating loss, there is no better place but for the person to be physically here,” Harris says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “No need to respond.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee recommends adding this to any message you send to your grieving friend. Releasing the other person from any pressure or expectation to reply can make it easier for them to feel supported without any obligation or guilt to have to reciprocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T use cliches or platitudes. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avoid saying phrases like, “time heals all wounds” or “everything happens for a reason.” They can sound hollow and impersonal, like you’re simply checking a box to fulfill your obligation of saying something, Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phrases that are focused on healing or moving on are also not helpful to your friend, who may want to sit in their grief to process it a little longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO tell them you love them, that it’s hard and that you’re sorry. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stick with something specific to your relationship and your connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person who is grieving is not somebody you have a close relationship with, you can say something like, “I heard that [person who died] passed away, and I’m holding you in my thoughts,” Harris says. Leading with empathy and staying true to your relationship is the key to not overstepping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO walk down memory lane. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may not want to talk about the person who has died for fear of making your friend sad. But don’t be afraid to share stories you remember about them, even months or years later. It shows you care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee lost her mom over 15 years ago. She appreciates it when friends and family share memories of her, she says. “I am never not thinking about her in some regard.” It makes her feel good to know that others are still thinking about her mom, too — and she’s not forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO keep checking in over time.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks after a loss, the grieving person is often getting texts and phone calls, Harris says. “Typically, as time goes on, the social support dwindles. To the grieving heart, that can be devastating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So keep reaching out to your friend, even months after the death. Grief is a long road, and each person grieves at their own pace and in their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We want to hear from you: What do you say to a friend when their loved one has died?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Share your beautiful messages of support and condolences. Email \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>\u003cu>lifekit@npr.org\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and we may feature your response in our newsletter or on NPR.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The digital story was edited by Malaka Gharib. The visual producer is Beck Harlan.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Want more Life Kit? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter and get expert advice on topics like money, relationships, health and more. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe now\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Corrections, December 6, 2024: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>A previous audio version of this story incorrectly gave the title of Dr. Mekel Harris’ book as Relaxing Into Grief. Her book is titled Relaxing Into the Pain: My Journey Into Grief & Beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "police-say-unitedhealthcares-ceo-was-likely-killed-with-a-ghost-gun-what-are-they",
"title": "Police say UnitedHealthcare's CEO Was Likely Killed With a Ghost Gun. What Are They?",
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"headTitle": "Police say UnitedHealthcare’s CEO Was Likely Killed With a Ghost Gun. What Are They? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/10/nx-s1-5223302/latest-unitedhealthcare-ceo-shooting-case\">the suspect charged\u003c/a> in the murder of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, was carrying a “ghost gun” at the time of his arrest, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 26-year-old was “in possession of a ghost gun that had the capability of firing a 9 millimeter round” when he was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, New York Police Department (NYPD) Chief of Detectives Joseph Kenny said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdaqEezK2Ks\">press briefing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NYPD said the gun, which is “consistent with the weapon used in the murder,” may have been made on a 3D printer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no tolerance, nor should anyone, for one man using an illegal ghost gun to murder someone because he thinks his opinion matters most,” Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/atrupar/status/1866273624711193077\">said on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns, also known as privately made firearms, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/12/1092063600/what-are-ghost-guns-explained\">assembled by their owners\u003c/a>, either from scratch or through weapon parts kits. They are not marked with serial numbers, making them easy for criminals to acquire and difficult, if not impossible, for law enforcement to trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said in 2022 that within the previous five years, it was only able to successfully trace 0.98% of suspected “ghost guns” back to their individual purchaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, a growing number of ghost guns have been recovered from crime scenes across the U.S., worrying many authorities. They \u003ca href=\"https://www.bradyunited.org/resources/issues/what-are-ghost-guns\">have been used\u003c/a> in homicides, domestic violence, robberies, killings of law enforcement officers, mass shootings and school shootings, including one that wounded two kindergarteners at a religious school in Oroville in Butte County \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/butte-county-california-school-shooting-1a183fcd1670d47dedeff81d9f1ce492\">last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization Everytown for Gun Safety \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/ghost-guns-recoveries-and-shootings/?_gl=1*1i0s6ir*_ga*NTg3MDQzNDY4LjE3MzM4MzQwNDA.*_ga_68QYBV181T*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjEuMTczMzgzNDEyOS4wLjAuMA..*_ga_1FTV9KT752*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjAuMTczMzgzNDAzOS4wLjAuMA..\">has called them\u003c/a> “the fastest growing gun safety problem in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is legal in the U.S. to build a firearm for personal use, the Biden administration, as well as \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">more than a dozen states\u003c/a>, have tried with varying degrees of success to regulate ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several main methods for assembling a ghost gun, a process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.everytown.org/arent-ghost-gun-build-kits-expensive/\">gun control advocates\u003c/a> say can take less than an hour and costs only a few hundred dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is to \u003ca href=\"https://thesoufancenter.org/intelbrief-2024-september-20/\">use a 3D printer\u003c/a> — with the instruction manuals and videos easily available online — to create some or most of the parts from scratch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People can also buy the necessary components online, either piece by piece or all together, in what are called buy-build-shoot kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buy-build-shoot kits are weapon parts kits that are essentially pre-manufactured, [disassembled], complete firearms (a firearm in a box),” the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1493431/dl\">Department of Justice said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was legal for retailers to sell those kits without running background checks until 2022, when the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">passed a rule\u003c/a> aimed at curbing the growing use of ghost guns in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How prevalent are ghost guns?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017476\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017476\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghost guns seized in federal law enforcement actions are displayed at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives field office in California in 2022. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns have been around in the U.S. at least since the 1990s but have proliferated over the last decade or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF said it received approximately 45,000 reports of suspected ghost guns recovered by law enforcement in criminal investigations between January 2016 and December 2021. Of those investigations, 692 involved homicides or attempted homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the bureau shows the number of suspected ghost guns \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-new-rule-modernize-firearm-definitions\">rising steadily each year\u003c/a> over that period, from 1,758 in 2016 to 19,344 in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State- and city-specific data also sheds light on the growing prevalence of ghost guns in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ogvp-report-ghost-guns.pdf\">data released in October\u003c/a> shows that 8,340 ghost guns were recovered in the state in 2023, compared to just three in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philadelphia police recovered 575 ghost guns in 2022, reporting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/at-hearing-state-legislators-learn-ghost-gun-use-growing-on-phillys-streets/3792694/\">311% increase\u003c/a> in their use since 2019. The NYPD reported that officers seized \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/public-safety/2023/09/20/nypd-unit-combatting-the-growing-problem-of-ghost-guns\">463 ghost guns\u003c/a> in 2022, up from 263 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are extremely dangerous, and we must do more on the federal level to clamp down on the availability of ghost guns,” New York City Mayor Eric Adams said at Monday’s briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns regulated?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Private U.S. citizens are allowed to build guns for personal use under the Gun Control Act of 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some state and federal authorities are taking steps to crack down on ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen states \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">have passed laws\u003c/a> to regulate them, with many requiring serial numbers and background checks for component parts and others — including New York — going a step further by requiring ghost guns to be reported to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='gun-laws' label='More Coverage' ]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a Justice Department rule took effect that made weapons parts kits subject to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">same regulations\u003c/a> as traditional firearms, including requiring commercial sellers to become federally licensed, mark certain parts with serial numbers and run background checks on purchasers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule also aims to regulate some of the ghost guns already in circulation by requiring federally licensed dealers and gunsmiths to put serial numbers on any guns they take into inventory that don’t already have them before selling them to another customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you commit a crime [with a] ghost gun, not only are state and local prosecutors going to come after you, but expect federal charges and federal prosecution as well,” President \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/03/remarks-by-president-biden-at-a-gun-violence-prevention-task-force-meeting/\">Biden said\u003c/a> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kit manufacturers and sellers challenged the rule in court, arguing the ATF exceeded its authority. The U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206245991/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">allowed the rule to remain\u003c/a> in place pending litigation and heard the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has not yet made a decision, though NPR’s Nina Totenberg reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/08/nx-s1-5145914/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">justices seemed inclined\u003c/a> to side with the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Gun control advocates are increasingly concerned about 'ghost guns,' which police say Luigi Mangione may have used to kill UnitedHealthcare's CEO. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/10/nx-s1-5223302/latest-unitedhealthcare-ceo-shooting-case\">the suspect charged\u003c/a> in the murder of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, was carrying a “ghost gun” at the time of his arrest, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 26-year-old was “in possession of a ghost gun that had the capability of firing a 9 millimeter round” when he was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, New York Police Department (NYPD) Chief of Detectives Joseph Kenny said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdaqEezK2Ks\">press briefing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NYPD said the gun, which is “consistent with the weapon used in the murder,” may have been made on a 3D printer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no tolerance, nor should anyone, for one man using an illegal ghost gun to murder someone because he thinks his opinion matters most,” Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/atrupar/status/1866273624711193077\">said on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns, also known as privately made firearms, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/12/1092063600/what-are-ghost-guns-explained\">assembled by their owners\u003c/a>, either from scratch or through weapon parts kits. They are not marked with serial numbers, making them easy for criminals to acquire and difficult, if not impossible, for law enforcement to trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said in 2022 that within the previous five years, it was only able to successfully trace 0.98% of suspected “ghost guns” back to their individual purchaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, a growing number of ghost guns have been recovered from crime scenes across the U.S., worrying many authorities. They \u003ca href=\"https://www.bradyunited.org/resources/issues/what-are-ghost-guns\">have been used\u003c/a> in homicides, domestic violence, robberies, killings of law enforcement officers, mass shootings and school shootings, including one that wounded two kindergarteners at a religious school in Oroville in Butte County \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/butte-county-california-school-shooting-1a183fcd1670d47dedeff81d9f1ce492\">last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization Everytown for Gun Safety \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/ghost-guns-recoveries-and-shootings/?_gl=1*1i0s6ir*_ga*NTg3MDQzNDY4LjE3MzM4MzQwNDA.*_ga_68QYBV181T*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjEuMTczMzgzNDEyOS4wLjAuMA..*_ga_1FTV9KT752*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjAuMTczMzgzNDAzOS4wLjAuMA..\">has called them\u003c/a> “the fastest growing gun safety problem in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is legal in the U.S. to build a firearm for personal use, the Biden administration, as well as \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">more than a dozen states\u003c/a>, have tried with varying degrees of success to regulate ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several main methods for assembling a ghost gun, a process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.everytown.org/arent-ghost-gun-build-kits-expensive/\">gun control advocates\u003c/a> say can take less than an hour and costs only a few hundred dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is to \u003ca href=\"https://thesoufancenter.org/intelbrief-2024-september-20/\">use a 3D printer\u003c/a> — with the instruction manuals and videos easily available online — to create some or most of the parts from scratch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People can also buy the necessary components online, either piece by piece or all together, in what are called buy-build-shoot kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buy-build-shoot kits are weapon parts kits that are essentially pre-manufactured, [disassembled], complete firearms (a firearm in a box),” the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1493431/dl\">Department of Justice said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was legal for retailers to sell those kits without running background checks until 2022, when the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">passed a rule\u003c/a> aimed at curbing the growing use of ghost guns in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How prevalent are ghost guns?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017476\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017476\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghost guns seized in federal law enforcement actions are displayed at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives field office in California in 2022. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns have been around in the U.S. at least since the 1990s but have proliferated over the last decade or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF said it received approximately 45,000 reports of suspected ghost guns recovered by law enforcement in criminal investigations between January 2016 and December 2021. Of those investigations, 692 involved homicides or attempted homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the bureau shows the number of suspected ghost guns \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-new-rule-modernize-firearm-definitions\">rising steadily each year\u003c/a> over that period, from 1,758 in 2016 to 19,344 in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State- and city-specific data also sheds light on the growing prevalence of ghost guns in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ogvp-report-ghost-guns.pdf\">data released in October\u003c/a> shows that 8,340 ghost guns were recovered in the state in 2023, compared to just three in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philadelphia police recovered 575 ghost guns in 2022, reporting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/at-hearing-state-legislators-learn-ghost-gun-use-growing-on-phillys-streets/3792694/\">311% increase\u003c/a> in their use since 2019. The NYPD reported that officers seized \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/public-safety/2023/09/20/nypd-unit-combatting-the-growing-problem-of-ghost-guns\">463 ghost guns\u003c/a> in 2022, up from 263 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are extremely dangerous, and we must do more on the federal level to clamp down on the availability of ghost guns,” New York City Mayor Eric Adams said at Monday’s briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns regulated?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Private U.S. citizens are allowed to build guns for personal use under the Gun Control Act of 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some state and federal authorities are taking steps to crack down on ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen states \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">have passed laws\u003c/a> to regulate them, with many requiring serial numbers and background checks for component parts and others — including New York — going a step further by requiring ghost guns to be reported to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a Justice Department rule took effect that made weapons parts kits subject to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">same regulations\u003c/a> as traditional firearms, including requiring commercial sellers to become federally licensed, mark certain parts with serial numbers and run background checks on purchasers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule also aims to regulate some of the ghost guns already in circulation by requiring federally licensed dealers and gunsmiths to put serial numbers on any guns they take into inventory that don’t already have them before selling them to another customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you commit a crime [with a] ghost gun, not only are state and local prosecutors going to come after you, but expect federal charges and federal prosecution as well,” President \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/03/remarks-by-president-biden-at-a-gun-violence-prevention-task-force-meeting/\">Biden said\u003c/a> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kit manufacturers and sellers challenged the rule in court, arguing the ATF exceeded its authority. The U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206245991/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">allowed the rule to remain\u003c/a> in place pending litigation and heard the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has not yet made a decision, though NPR’s Nina Totenberg reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/08/nx-s1-5145914/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">justices seemed inclined\u003c/a> to side with the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Feeling Stuffed at Thanksgiving? Walk It Off",
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"content": "\u003cp>With the holiday season upon us, it’s more than likely that you’ll be sitting down for at least one indulgent meal over the next month or so — I’m looking at you Thanksgiving!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of chilling out in front of the football game after you polish off the pumpkin pie, consider venturing out for a walk. It’s one of the easiest things you can do to boost your health after a meal and even a short stroll can yield big benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of post-meal walks has been around for centuries, notes \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.gwu.edu/departments/exercise-and-nutrition-sciences/loretta-dipietro\">Loretta DiPietro\u003c/a>, a professor of exercise and nutrition science at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Italians have been doing it, and Europeans have been doing it forever. My grandparents did it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people used to refer to these walks as constitutionals or strolls undertaken for your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV may be one reason why the habit fell out of favor, but the idea has caught on again recently, thanks to viral TikTok videos extolling the virtues of a post-meal walk — sometimes called, ahem, “fart walks” because they can relieve gas! Experts say this is one health hack that social media gets right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sustained walking at any time of day is beneficial. You get more bang for the buck if you walk after meals,” DiPietro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? For starters, walking or other physical activity will jumpstart digestion, so your meal goes down easier, says\u003ca href=\"https://gastro.uw.edu/people/faculty/damman-c\"> Dr. Chris Damman,\u003c/a> a gastroenterologist and professor at the University of Washington who studies the intersection of the microbiome and metabolic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually has pretty important benefits for your well-being in your belly, getting things moving, so to speak, and may be also beneficial for clearing the air, if you know what I mean,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faster digestion may help get more fiber and other undigested nutrients to the lower part of the gut, providing a feast for the microbes that live there, Damman says. And if you’re feeding them fiber-rich foods, these microbes will, in turn, produce lots of molecules that play an important role in keeping our brains, immune systems and metabolisms healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking also plays a big role in helping to regulate blood sugar levels after eating. That’s because as food is digested, it gets broken down into different parts, including the sugar glucose, one of the body’s main sources of energy. That sugar will then flood the bloodstream. A post-meal walk can blunt that spike, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the reasons walking is beneficial is when we move our muscles — and that’s both our heart and the muscles in our legs and our arms — they become sponges for the blood glucose that our gut is absorbing into the bloodstream,” Damman says. “And so it basically just pulls all that glucose out of the blood and into the muscles, where it’s being used immediately for propelling us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, the body produces the hormone insulin to clear glucose out of the blood and into nearby cells. But muscle contractions through walking can also accomplish this — even without the presence of insulin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means less stress on your pancreas because it doesn’t have to produce as much insulin after a meal. And that’s important because “over time, high loads on the pancreas can tax it and even lead to pre-diabetes or diabetes,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to walk long or intensely to see these benefits. For instance, DiPietro co-authored one study that found taking \u003ca href=\"https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/36/10/3262/30770/Three-15-min-Bouts-of-Moderate-Postmeal-Walking\">a 15-minute walk at a moderate pace \u003c/a>after a meal improved blood sugar control even hours later. Other \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-022-01649-4\">research\u003c/a> has found that as little as 2 to 5 minutes of post-meal walking can help lower blood sugar, though longer is better.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12015914,news_12015975,arts_13968610\"]DiPietro says you want to head out within about a half hour after eating when you’re digesting your meal and the glucose is hitting your bloodstream, so your muscles can use it up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather isn’t conducive to an outdoor stroll — or you’re just too busy bingeing Netflix — don’t let that deter you. “Stand up and march in place and move your arms,” DiPietro advises. Even if it’s just a few minutes, those movements can help your body store glucose better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, DiPietro says walking after any meal is beneficial, but if you had to pick one, dinner would be your best bet. That’s because, for many people, the evening meal tends to be the biggest of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so you’ve got a lot of calories going in,” she says, “and all that sugar and fat is circulating in your blood. And what we then do is flop in front of the television or we go to bed,” which is a bad idea, she says, because our bodies also produce less insulin at night, especially as we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That combination of low insulin and couch potato instincts is a recipe for high blood sugar, which you want to avoid at all times, but especially before going to bed, says \u003ca href=\"https://clinicalconnection.hopkinsmedicine.org/participant/luis-fernando-buenaver-phd\">Luis Buenaver,\u003c/a> a behavioral sleep specialist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because blood sugar spikes and crashes are linked to poor sleep quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gentle walk after dinner can not only prevent that. It can also improve circulation, he says. “And it can help promote this sense of relaxation,” which in turn can make for a better night’s sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all of this is especially true after a heavy meal like Thanksgiving dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If ever there were a meal to walk after, that would be the Thanksgiving dinner, given the load of calories that one is consuming,” DiPietro says. So fight the urge to take a nap, and first go for a walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/348777820/maria-godoy\">Maria Godoy\u003c/a>, NPR",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the holiday season upon us, it’s more than likely that you’ll be sitting down for at least one indulgent meal over the next month or so — I’m looking at you Thanksgiving!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of chilling out in front of the football game after you polish off the pumpkin pie, consider venturing out for a walk. It’s one of the easiest things you can do to boost your health after a meal and even a short stroll can yield big benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of post-meal walks has been around for centuries, notes \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.gwu.edu/departments/exercise-and-nutrition-sciences/loretta-dipietro\">Loretta DiPietro\u003c/a>, a professor of exercise and nutrition science at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Italians have been doing it, and Europeans have been doing it forever. My grandparents did it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people used to refer to these walks as constitutionals or strolls undertaken for your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV may be one reason why the habit fell out of favor, but the idea has caught on again recently, thanks to viral TikTok videos extolling the virtues of a post-meal walk — sometimes called, ahem, “fart walks” because they can relieve gas! Experts say this is one health hack that social media gets right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sustained walking at any time of day is beneficial. You get more bang for the buck if you walk after meals,” DiPietro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? For starters, walking or other physical activity will jumpstart digestion, so your meal goes down easier, says\u003ca href=\"https://gastro.uw.edu/people/faculty/damman-c\"> Dr. Chris Damman,\u003c/a> a gastroenterologist and professor at the University of Washington who studies the intersection of the microbiome and metabolic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually has pretty important benefits for your well-being in your belly, getting things moving, so to speak, and may be also beneficial for clearing the air, if you know what I mean,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faster digestion may help get more fiber and other undigested nutrients to the lower part of the gut, providing a feast for the microbes that live there, Damman says. And if you’re feeding them fiber-rich foods, these microbes will, in turn, produce lots of molecules that play an important role in keeping our brains, immune systems and metabolisms healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking also plays a big role in helping to regulate blood sugar levels after eating. That’s because as food is digested, it gets broken down into different parts, including the sugar glucose, one of the body’s main sources of energy. That sugar will then flood the bloodstream. A post-meal walk can blunt that spike, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the reasons walking is beneficial is when we move our muscles — and that’s both our heart and the muscles in our legs and our arms — they become sponges for the blood glucose that our gut is absorbing into the bloodstream,” Damman says. “And so it basically just pulls all that glucose out of the blood and into the muscles, where it’s being used immediately for propelling us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, the body produces the hormone insulin to clear glucose out of the blood and into nearby cells. But muscle contractions through walking can also accomplish this — even without the presence of insulin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means less stress on your pancreas because it doesn’t have to produce as much insulin after a meal. And that’s important because “over time, high loads on the pancreas can tax it and even lead to pre-diabetes or diabetes,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to walk long or intensely to see these benefits. For instance, DiPietro co-authored one study that found taking \u003ca href=\"https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/36/10/3262/30770/Three-15-min-Bouts-of-Moderate-Postmeal-Walking\">a 15-minute walk at a moderate pace \u003c/a>after a meal improved blood sugar control even hours later. Other \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-022-01649-4\">research\u003c/a> has found that as little as 2 to 5 minutes of post-meal walking can help lower blood sugar, though longer is better.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>DiPietro says you want to head out within about a half hour after eating when you’re digesting your meal and the glucose is hitting your bloodstream, so your muscles can use it up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather isn’t conducive to an outdoor stroll — or you’re just too busy bingeing Netflix — don’t let that deter you. “Stand up and march in place and move your arms,” DiPietro advises. Even if it’s just a few minutes, those movements can help your body store glucose better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, DiPietro says walking after any meal is beneficial, but if you had to pick one, dinner would be your best bet. That’s because, for many people, the evening meal tends to be the biggest of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so you’ve got a lot of calories going in,” she says, “and all that sugar and fat is circulating in your blood. And what we then do is flop in front of the television or we go to bed,” which is a bad idea, she says, because our bodies also produce less insulin at night, especially as we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That combination of low insulin and couch potato instincts is a recipe for high blood sugar, which you want to avoid at all times, but especially before going to bed, says \u003ca href=\"https://clinicalconnection.hopkinsmedicine.org/participant/luis-fernando-buenaver-phd\">Luis Buenaver,\u003c/a> a behavioral sleep specialist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because blood sugar spikes and crashes are linked to poor sleep quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gentle walk after dinner can not only prevent that. It can also improve circulation, he says. “And it can help promote this sense of relaxation,” which in turn can make for a better night’s sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all of this is especially true after a heavy meal like Thanksgiving dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If ever there were a meal to walk after, that would be the Thanksgiving dinner, given the load of calories that one is consuming,” DiPietro says. So fight the urge to take a nap, and first go for a walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "why-did-president-biden-just-pardon-a-turkey",
"title": "Why Did President Biden Just 'Pardon' a Turkey?",
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"content": "\u003cp>A lame-duck president “pardoned” a turkey on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell me there’s 2,500 people here today looking for a pardon,” President Biden joked at a White House ceremony on the South Lawn. After one of the turkeys, Peach, let out a few gobbles, Biden said, “What did you say, Peach? Peach is making a last-minute plea here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He implored the turkeys to “keep calm and gobble on,” then pardoned them. “Based on your temperament and your commitment to being productive members of society,” the president said, “I hereby pardon Peach and Blossom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden noted that the birds would live out their days at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploreminnesota.com/profile/farmamerica-minnesota-agricultural-interpretive-center/2184\">\u003cu>Farmamerica Agricultural Interpretive Center\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in Minnesota, the top-producing turkey state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hinted at this strange event’s history and did so accurately, unlike many past presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to be snood-y about it, but this fowl tradition has a long and oft-confused history. So, let’s dispel the myths that get stuck in our beaks that too many have clawed onto and get to the truth of the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Even presidents have gotten it wrong\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Which president was the first to pardon a turkey? This might be a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story\">\u003cu>shaggy turkey story,\u003c/u>\u003c/a> but bear with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To paraphrase a former president, this depends on what the definition of “pardon” is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a tradition that dates back to the presidency of Harry Truman,” then-President George W. Bush said in \u003ca href=\"https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/11/20081126-3.html\">\u003cu>2008\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eh. Sort of, but not when it comes to \u003cem>pardoning \u003c/em>turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015775\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x726.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1093.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President George W. Bush pets “May” the turkey during the pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey on Nov. 20, 2007, in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C. The pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey is a White House tradition dating back to the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So continuing a tradition begun 50 years ago by President Truman, I am going to keep at least — excuse me — one turkey off of the Thanksgiving dinner table by giving a pardon to a turkey from Ohio,” former President Bill Clinton said in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s definitely not true. And he repeated it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Truman was the first president to pardon a turkey,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still not true. It got so bad that the Truman Library had to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Library’s staff has found no documents, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, or other contemporary records in our holdings which refer to Truman pardoning a turkey that he received as a gift in 1947, or at any other time during his Presidency,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/did-truman-pardon-turkey\">\u003cu>it said in a statement\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in 2003. “Truman sometimes indicated to reporters that the turkeys he received were destined for the family dinner table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Truman was the first to be given a turkey by the National Turkey Federation but not the first to pardon one\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is where the confusion comes in. The turkey lobby has been \u003cem>presenting\u003c/em> presidents with turkeys since 1947 when Truman was president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as the Truman Library notes, the post-Depression, post-World War II-era president ate his turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the original intent — a gift for the presidential holiday table … and for Big Turkey to get attention and remind people to eat turkey for Thanksgiving, of course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a story that suggests Abraham Lincoln was the first to let a turkey go because his son took a liking to it, but the White House Historical Association said that story is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehousehistory.org/pardoning-the-thanksgiving-turkey\">\u003cu>likely apocryphal\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So maybe it was Lincoln, maybe it wasn’t. Maybe it was Kennedy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first documented reprieve of a turkey during a turkey presentation from the Turkey Federation was in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sign hung around a turkey’s neck that read, “Good eating, Mr. President.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, clearly the intent was for the president to eat it. But Kennedy, for whatever reason, said, “We’ll just let this one grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>L.A. Times\u003c/em> headlined that 1963 event as a “\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/other/presidential-turkey-pardons-not-long-history-you-might-think-f2D11663410\">\u003cu>presidential pardon\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it certainly wasn’t official.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When was the word ‘pardon’ first used by a president in relation to a turkey?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Following Kennedy, Nixon and Carter sent their turkeys to petting zoos. However, the word “pardon” wasn’t used until Reagan in 1987, when he presented that year’s White House turkey, “Charlie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during the Iran-Contra crisis, and ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson yelled a question about whether Reagan would pardon Oliver North and John Poindexter, who were involved in the arms swap. Reagan deflected, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/informal-exchange-reporters-3\">\u003cu>saying\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, “If they’d given me a different answer on Charlie and his future, I would have pardoned him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The turkey pardon became an officially sanctioned White House event by George H.W. Bush\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The elder former President Bush, Reagan’s vice president, formalized the event in 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[L]et me assure you and this fine tom turkey,” he said, “that he will not end up on anyone’s dinner table, not this guy — he’s presented a presidential pardon as of right now — and allow him to live out his days on a children’s farm not far from here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a White House tradition was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A lame-duck president “pardoned” a turkey on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell me there’s 2,500 people here today looking for a pardon,” President Biden joked at a White House ceremony on the South Lawn. After one of the turkeys, Peach, let out a few gobbles, Biden said, “What did you say, Peach? Peach is making a last-minute plea here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He implored the turkeys to “keep calm and gobble on,” then pardoned them. “Based on your temperament and your commitment to being productive members of society,” the president said, “I hereby pardon Peach and Blossom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden noted that the birds would live out their days at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploreminnesota.com/profile/farmamerica-minnesota-agricultural-interpretive-center/2184\">\u003cu>Farmamerica Agricultural Interpretive Center\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in Minnesota, the top-producing turkey state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hinted at this strange event’s history and did so accurately, unlike many past presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to be snood-y about it, but this fowl tradition has a long and oft-confused history. So, let’s dispel the myths that get stuck in our beaks that too many have clawed onto and get to the truth of the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Even presidents have gotten it wrong\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Which president was the first to pardon a turkey? This might be a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story\">\u003cu>shaggy turkey story,\u003c/u>\u003c/a> but bear with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To paraphrase a former president, this depends on what the definition of “pardon” is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a tradition that dates back to the presidency of Harry Truman,” then-President George W. Bush said in \u003ca href=\"https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/11/20081126-3.html\">\u003cu>2008\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eh. Sort of, but not when it comes to \u003cem>pardoning \u003c/em>turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015775\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x726.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1093.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President George W. Bush pets “May” the turkey during the pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey on Nov. 20, 2007, in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C. The pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey is a White House tradition dating back to the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So continuing a tradition begun 50 years ago by President Truman, I am going to keep at least — excuse me — one turkey off of the Thanksgiving dinner table by giving a pardon to a turkey from Ohio,” former President Bill Clinton said in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s definitely not true. And he repeated it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Truman was the first president to pardon a turkey,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still not true. It got so bad that the Truman Library had to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Library’s staff has found no documents, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, or other contemporary records in our holdings which refer to Truman pardoning a turkey that he received as a gift in 1947, or at any other time during his Presidency,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/did-truman-pardon-turkey\">\u003cu>it said in a statement\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in 2003. “Truman sometimes indicated to reporters that the turkeys he received were destined for the family dinner table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Truman was the first to be given a turkey by the National Turkey Federation but not the first to pardon one\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is where the confusion comes in. The turkey lobby has been \u003cem>presenting\u003c/em> presidents with turkeys since 1947 when Truman was president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as the Truman Library notes, the post-Depression, post-World War II-era president ate his turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the original intent — a gift for the presidential holiday table … and for Big Turkey to get attention and remind people to eat turkey for Thanksgiving, of course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a story that suggests Abraham Lincoln was the first to let a turkey go because his son took a liking to it, but the White House Historical Association said that story is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehousehistory.org/pardoning-the-thanksgiving-turkey\">\u003cu>likely apocryphal\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So maybe it was Lincoln, maybe it wasn’t. Maybe it was Kennedy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first documented reprieve of a turkey during a turkey presentation from the Turkey Federation was in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sign hung around a turkey’s neck that read, “Good eating, Mr. President.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, clearly the intent was for the president to eat it. But Kennedy, for whatever reason, said, “We’ll just let this one grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>L.A. Times\u003c/em> headlined that 1963 event as a “\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/other/presidential-turkey-pardons-not-long-history-you-might-think-f2D11663410\">\u003cu>presidential pardon\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it certainly wasn’t official.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When was the word ‘pardon’ first used by a president in relation to a turkey?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Following Kennedy, Nixon and Carter sent their turkeys to petting zoos. However, the word “pardon” wasn’t used until Reagan in 1987, when he presented that year’s White House turkey, “Charlie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during the Iran-Contra crisis, and ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson yelled a question about whether Reagan would pardon Oliver North and John Poindexter, who were involved in the arms swap. Reagan deflected, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/informal-exchange-reporters-3\">\u003cu>saying\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, “If they’d given me a different answer on Charlie and his future, I would have pardoned him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The turkey pardon became an officially sanctioned White House event by George H.W. Bush\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The elder former President Bush, Reagan’s vice president, formalized the event in 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[L]et me assure you and this fine tom turkey,” he said, “that he will not end up on anyone’s dinner table, not this guy — he’s presented a presidential pardon as of right now — and allow him to live out his days on a children’s farm not far from here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a White House tradition was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ringing in voters’ ears in the final weeks of the presidential campaign was the tagline: “Kamala is for they/them. Trump is for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the success of that part of its closing argument, the new Trump administration is likely to turn to policy affecting transgender people early in its tenure. The issue is mentioned twice in President-elect Donald Trump’s 20-point \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/platform\">“Agenda 47” platform\u003c/a>: #16 Cut funding to schools that teach “radical gender ideology”; and #17 “Keep men out of women’s sports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about health care for transgender people? The Trump campaign and conservative think tanks offer several indications of how policy could change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal ban on gender-affirming care for minors is likely, says Jon Schweppe, policy director at the American Principles Project, a conservative political advocacy group that has advocated against transgender policy for years. “With adults, I think the American people are much less enthusiastic about a full ban [on gender affirming care], but with kids, they’re all about it,” Schweppe asserts. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/other/dashboard/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker/\">About half of states\u003c/a> have enacted such a ban, although polls vary on how much or little the broader public supports these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also plans to curb access to gender transition by limiting insurance coverage. To do this, Republicans could take a page from the anti-abortion rights playbook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Definitely one of our goals is to create a Hyde Amendment for so-called gender-affirming care,” says Schweppe. The Hyde Amendment is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/the-hyde-amendment-and-coverage-for-abortion-services-under-medicaid-in-the-post-roe-era/#:~:text=Starting%20in%201977%2C%20the%20Hyde,result%20from%20rape%20or%20incest.\">1977 policy\u003c/a> that prohibits federal dollars from paying for abortion with limited exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t believe taxpayer funding should go towards that for minors or for adults. We’ve poll tested that, and we’re pretty confident that the American people agree,” Schweppe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hyde Amendment largely is responsible for how abortion came to operate outside of the usual health insurance system. Patients often pay in cash, either because they don’t have coverage for abortion, or because they don’t want an abortion on their medical record. In response, abortion funds were created to allow people who don’t have insurance coverage or the means to afford an abortion on their own to have access.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Investment in ‘a political winner’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the presidential race alone, Republicans spent more than $46 million on the “Kamala is for they/them” message, according to a report by AdImpact shared with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has shown itself to be a political winner,” says Schweppe. Overall, the party spent $222 million on anti-trans and LGBTQ ads during the 2024 campaign. Democrats, in contrast, spent just under $29 million on LGBTQ ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some congressional Republicans are signaling their eagerness to turn anti-trans campaign messaging into lawmaking. Weeks before the new session begins, proposed laws and policies about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/19/nx-s1-5196116/capitol-transgender-bathroom-ban-nancy-mace-sarah-mcbride\">bathroom access\u003c/a> have been crafted to take aim at incoming Rep. Sarah McBride D-Del., who will be the first transgender lawmaker in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12012863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12012863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic congressional candidate from Delaware Sarah McBride chats with State Sen. Dave Sokola (left) following a press conference on the steps of Delaware Legislative Hall on March 4, 2024, in Dover, Delaware. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Other promises and policies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2023, the Trump campaign \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/agenda47/president-trumps-plan-to-protect-children-from-left-wing-gender-insanity\">released a video\u003c/a> and outline of some policy steps Republicans would take “to protect children from left-wing gender insanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, Trump promised to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ban gender-affirming care for youth nationally.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ban Medicare and Medicaid insurance coverage for gender-affirming care for patients of all ages and withhold federal funds from hospitals that provide the care.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Enact consequences for schools and teachers that affirm transgender youth.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Trump also wants a Justice Department investigation into how drug companies and hospitals are providing gender-affirming care, and he will seek to pass a federal law saying Title 9 prohibits transgender women and girls from participating in women’s sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Matt Sharp of the Christian conservative legal group Alliance Defending Freedom says he’s hopeful that the Trump administration will enact policies establishing that “differences between men and women matter, and that states and schools and other places will be allowed to go back to common sense and to recognize those differences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even supporters of access to gender-affirming care agree that restrictions are likely coming when Trump takes office. “It’s very clear that they have a coherent, anti-trans agenda that they’re going to pursue, so we’re preparing along multiple fronts,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/harper-seldin\">Harper Seldin\u003c/a>, a staff attorney at the ACLU’s LGBTQ & HIV Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trans people saw all those ads, too, Seldin says. “Without in any way speculating on what that did or did not do to the ultimate result [of the election], I do think it creates a climate of fear for trans people,” he says. “I think it also creates a lot of permission for a climate of hate for people who are opposed to trans people. It really positions transgender people as the enemy of the regular American polity — and trans people are people, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943966\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943966\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A family with two adults and achild on one of the adults' shoulders see from behind, holding a sign that reads "Protect Trans Kids"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People outside the Capitol in St. Paul, Minnesota, on March 6, 2022, protesting attacks against transgender kids. \u003ccite>(Michael Siluk/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Transgender young people in the spotlight\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although Trump’s policy goals when it comes to trans people would affect adults in some ways, the focus of a lot of conservative activism on this issue has centered on kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major American medical groups, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Medical Association, and the Endocrine Society support access to gender-affirming care for youth, which can range from using a child’s preferred pronouns to using puberty blocking medications and sex hormones. (Surgery is very rare for minors.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/su/su7304a9.htm?s_cid=su7304a9_w\">recent report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3% of high school students describe themselves as transgender, although not all of them necessarily want medical interventions related to that identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC found trans students “experienced a higher prevalence of violence, poor mental health, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and unstable housing.” The report goes on to note that “having supportive families and peers, feeling connected to family and school, having affirmed name and pronouns used consistently by others, and having a sense of pride of identity are protective factors for transgender students that buffer the effects of minority stressors and promote better mental health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trevor Project, which runs a 24/7 crisis line for LGBTQ youth and answers calls from the 988 crisis line for this population, recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2024/09/25/nx-s1-5127347/more-trans-teens-attempted-suicide-after-states-passed-anti-trans-laws-a-study-shows\">published an analysis\u003c/a> finding that transgender youth were more likely to attempt suicide after their home state passed a ban on gender affirming care for youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the election, there was a 700% increase in calls to the crisis line, which marked the largest surge in daily contact ever, the Trevor Project wrote to NPR in a statement. Even though the volume has done down since Nov 6, “volume remains higher than normal as LGBTQ+ young people continue to reach out, overwhelmingly, to discuss concerns about the 2024 election results,” the statement reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schweppe, of the American Principles Project, dismisses that data point, claiming research on suicide risk in this population is exaggerated. “We are diametrically opposed to what their goals are,” he says of the Trevor Project, whose work he described as indoctrination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if children may be suffering from gender dysphoria, he says, “we should be trying to help them identify with their with their biological sex, try to feel help them feel comfortable with their bodies, not tell them that their bodies are wrong, that the way God made them is wrong,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importantly, the American Academy of Pediatrics notes in \u003ca href=\"https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/4/e20182162/37381/Ensuring-Comprehensive-Care-and-Support-for?autologincheck=redirected\">a policy statement\u003c/a> that conversion or reparative therapies “have been proven to be not only unsuccessful but also deleterious and are considered outside the mainstream of traditional medical practice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The shifting legal landscape\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 4, before the next Trump presidential term begins in January, the Supreme Court will hear arguments on whether Tennessee’s ban on gender-affirming care for transgender youth is constitutional, and by extension, the bans in 25 other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp of the Alliance Defending Freedom says he hopes that the high court will decide on the substance of the case. “Ultimately, we hope that it will rule in favor of these state laws and allow them to go into effect,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seldin of the ACLU, which represents the Tennessee transgender kids and families who brought the case, says it’s hard to predict what will happen after oral arguments, but that they’re prepared to “be flexible with what we need to do to meet the moment.” He says LGBTQ advocates are equally determined to keep fighting for the rights of transgender people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the justices do hold that the bans are unconstitutional, conservative advocacy groups like the American Principles Project plan to “pursue other avenues to effectively shut down these gender clinics,” Schweppe says. That’s the overall goal, he adds. “I think we’ve been very transparent about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s not worried about the difficulties of passing laws on transgender issues with narrow Republican majorities in the House and Senate. He points to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/06/nyregion/democrats-house-ny.html\">several Democrats\u003c/a> who argued in recent weeks that support for transgender people cost the party electoral wins, and who might cross party lines to support a bill on women’s sports, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case that groups like ours are making to Republican leadership is that, not only is this the right thing to do and these are the right laws to pass, but they’re also of great political benefit,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ringing in voters’ ears in the final weeks of the presidential campaign was the tagline: “Kamala is for they/them. Trump is for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the success of that part of its closing argument, the new Trump administration is likely to turn to policy affecting transgender people early in its tenure. The issue is mentioned twice in President-elect Donald Trump’s 20-point \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/platform\">“Agenda 47” platform\u003c/a>: #16 Cut funding to schools that teach “radical gender ideology”; and #17 “Keep men out of women’s sports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about health care for transgender people? The Trump campaign and conservative think tanks offer several indications of how policy could change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal ban on gender-affirming care for minors is likely, says Jon Schweppe, policy director at the American Principles Project, a conservative political advocacy group that has advocated against transgender policy for years. “With adults, I think the American people are much less enthusiastic about a full ban [on gender affirming care], but with kids, they’re all about it,” Schweppe asserts. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/other/dashboard/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker/\">About half of states\u003c/a> have enacted such a ban, although polls vary on how much or little the broader public supports these efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also plans to curb access to gender transition by limiting insurance coverage. To do this, Republicans could take a page from the anti-abortion rights playbook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Definitely one of our goals is to create a Hyde Amendment for so-called gender-affirming care,” says Schweppe. The Hyde Amendment is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/the-hyde-amendment-and-coverage-for-abortion-services-under-medicaid-in-the-post-roe-era/#:~:text=Starting%20in%201977%2C%20the%20Hyde,result%20from%20rape%20or%20incest.\">1977 policy\u003c/a> that prohibits federal dollars from paying for abortion with limited exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t believe taxpayer funding should go towards that for minors or for adults. We’ve poll tested that, and we’re pretty confident that the American people agree,” Schweppe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hyde Amendment largely is responsible for how abortion came to operate outside of the usual health insurance system. Patients often pay in cash, either because they don’t have coverage for abortion, or because they don’t want an abortion on their medical record. In response, abortion funds were created to allow people who don’t have insurance coverage or the means to afford an abortion on their own to have access.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Investment in ‘a political winner’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the presidential race alone, Republicans spent more than $46 million on the “Kamala is for they/them” message, according to a report by AdImpact shared with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has shown itself to be a political winner,” says Schweppe. Overall, the party spent $222 million on anti-trans and LGBTQ ads during the 2024 campaign. Democrats, in contrast, spent just under $29 million on LGBTQ ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some congressional Republicans are signaling their eagerness to turn anti-trans campaign messaging into lawmaking. Weeks before the new session begins, proposed laws and policies about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/19/nx-s1-5196116/capitol-transgender-bathroom-ban-nancy-mace-sarah-mcbride\">bathroom access\u003c/a> have been crafted to take aim at incoming Rep. Sarah McBride D-Del., who will be the first transgender lawmaker in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12012863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12012863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/gettyimages-2051568476-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic congressional candidate from Delaware Sarah McBride chats with State Sen. Dave Sokola (left) following a press conference on the steps of Delaware Legislative Hall on March 4, 2024, in Dover, Delaware. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Other promises and policies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2023, the Trump campaign \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/agenda47/president-trumps-plan-to-protect-children-from-left-wing-gender-insanity\">released a video\u003c/a> and outline of some policy steps Republicans would take “to protect children from left-wing gender insanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, Trump promised to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ban gender-affirming care for youth nationally.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ban Medicare and Medicaid insurance coverage for gender-affirming care for patients of all ages and withhold federal funds from hospitals that provide the care.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Enact consequences for schools and teachers that affirm transgender youth.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Trump also wants a Justice Department investigation into how drug companies and hospitals are providing gender-affirming care, and he will seek to pass a federal law saying Title 9 prohibits transgender women and girls from participating in women’s sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Matt Sharp of the Christian conservative legal group Alliance Defending Freedom says he’s hopeful that the Trump administration will enact policies establishing that “differences between men and women matter, and that states and schools and other places will be allowed to go back to common sense and to recognize those differences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even supporters of access to gender-affirming care agree that restrictions are likely coming when Trump takes office. “It’s very clear that they have a coherent, anti-trans agenda that they’re going to pursue, so we’re preparing along multiple fronts,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/harper-seldin\">Harper Seldin\u003c/a>, a staff attorney at the ACLU’s LGBTQ & HIV Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trans people saw all those ads, too, Seldin says. “Without in any way speculating on what that did or did not do to the ultimate result [of the election], I do think it creates a climate of fear for trans people,” he says. “I think it also creates a lot of permission for a climate of hate for people who are opposed to trans people. It really positions transgender people as the enemy of the regular American polity — and trans people are people, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943966\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943966\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A family with two adults and achild on one of the adults' shoulders see from behind, holding a sign that reads "Protect Trans Kids"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS54556_GettyImages-1385208037-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People outside the Capitol in St. Paul, Minnesota, on March 6, 2022, protesting attacks against transgender kids. \u003ccite>(Michael Siluk/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Transgender young people in the spotlight\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although Trump’s policy goals when it comes to trans people would affect adults in some ways, the focus of a lot of conservative activism on this issue has centered on kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major American medical groups, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Medical Association, and the Endocrine Society support access to gender-affirming care for youth, which can range from using a child’s preferred pronouns to using puberty blocking medications and sex hormones. (Surgery is very rare for minors.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/su/su7304a9.htm?s_cid=su7304a9_w\">recent report\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3% of high school students describe themselves as transgender, although not all of them necessarily want medical interventions related to that identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC found trans students “experienced a higher prevalence of violence, poor mental health, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and unstable housing.” The report goes on to note that “having supportive families and peers, feeling connected to family and school, having affirmed name and pronouns used consistently by others, and having a sense of pride of identity are protective factors for transgender students that buffer the effects of minority stressors and promote better mental health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trevor Project, which runs a 24/7 crisis line for LGBTQ youth and answers calls from the 988 crisis line for this population, recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2024/09/25/nx-s1-5127347/more-trans-teens-attempted-suicide-after-states-passed-anti-trans-laws-a-study-shows\">published an analysis\u003c/a> finding that transgender youth were more likely to attempt suicide after their home state passed a ban on gender affirming care for youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the election, there was a 700% increase in calls to the crisis line, which marked the largest surge in daily contact ever, the Trevor Project wrote to NPR in a statement. Even though the volume has done down since Nov 6, “volume remains higher than normal as LGBTQ+ young people continue to reach out, overwhelmingly, to discuss concerns about the 2024 election results,” the statement reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schweppe, of the American Principles Project, dismisses that data point, claiming research on suicide risk in this population is exaggerated. “We are diametrically opposed to what their goals are,” he says of the Trevor Project, whose work he described as indoctrination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if children may be suffering from gender dysphoria, he says, “we should be trying to help them identify with their with their biological sex, try to feel help them feel comfortable with their bodies, not tell them that their bodies are wrong, that the way God made them is wrong,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importantly, the American Academy of Pediatrics notes in \u003ca href=\"https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/142/4/e20182162/37381/Ensuring-Comprehensive-Care-and-Support-for?autologincheck=redirected\">a policy statement\u003c/a> that conversion or reparative therapies “have been proven to be not only unsuccessful but also deleterious and are considered outside the mainstream of traditional medical practice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The shifting legal landscape\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 4, before the next Trump presidential term begins in January, the Supreme Court will hear arguments on whether Tennessee’s ban on gender-affirming care for transgender youth is constitutional, and by extension, the bans in 25 other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharp of the Alliance Defending Freedom says he hopes that the high court will decide on the substance of the case. “Ultimately, we hope that it will rule in favor of these state laws and allow them to go into effect,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seldin of the ACLU, which represents the Tennessee transgender kids and families who brought the case, says it’s hard to predict what will happen after oral arguments, but that they’re prepared to “be flexible with what we need to do to meet the moment.” He says LGBTQ advocates are equally determined to keep fighting for the rights of transgender people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the justices do hold that the bans are unconstitutional, conservative advocacy groups like the American Principles Project plan to “pursue other avenues to effectively shut down these gender clinics,” Schweppe says. That’s the overall goal, he adds. “I think we’ve been very transparent about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s not worried about the difficulties of passing laws on transgender issues with narrow Republican majorities in the House and Senate. He points to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/06/nyregion/democrats-house-ny.html\">several Democrats\u003c/a> who argued in recent weeks that support for transgender people cost the party electoral wins, and who might cross party lines to support a bill on women’s sports, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case that groups like ours are making to Republican leadership is that, not only is this the right thing to do and these are the right laws to pass, but they’re also of great political benefit,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Largely Shifted to the Right in the 2024 Presidential Election",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/election-2024-shifts-map-v2-20241111/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"850\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The country largely shifted to the right in this presidential election from where it was four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, President Biden won six of the seven most closely watched states, but this year, they all shifted toward President-elect Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, Trump is on track to win the popular vote this time, when Biden won it by 7 million in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Trump won the suburbs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The suburbs have become increasingly diverse and populous. More than half of voters in 2024 were in suburban areas, according to exit polls. They have become swing areas, home to some of the most closely targeted House seats, and a good barometer of who will win the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winner in the suburbs has won 11 of the last 12 presidential elections, dating back to 1980. And this year, that was Trump, 51%–47%, according to exit polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vice President Harris hoped she could turn out women in the suburbs in key swing states to get her across the finish line. But that didn’t happen. Trump, for example, won white suburban women by 7 points, as well as white suburban men — by 27. So there were some split kitchen tables, but not enough to help Harris win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In multiple swing states, there were significant shifts in Trump’s direction in the suburbs, based on nearly final vote totals. That includes a net swing of almost 60,000 votes in the four counties that make up the Philadelphia suburbs and the two major ones north of Detroit, more than 10,000 in the “WOW” counties around Milwaukee (Waukesha, Ozaukee and Washington), and in the counties touching Fulton County, Georgia, where Atlanta is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some of those Atlanta metro counties, though, Harris did better than Biden and her losses weren’t as bad in the Charlotte metro area as in the former Blue Wall states. That’s one reason Democrats have been more optimistic about the future in the Sun Belt than the industrial Midwest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rural areas went even more for Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump has done extremely well in rural areas, and in 2024, he won by a record margin. Since 1980, no candidate has done better. Trump won 64% of voters in rural areas this year, according to exit polls. The previous best was 61% — set by Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That helped him in all of the swing states but also in red states, like Texas, which boosted his total in the popular vote. He gained, for example, a net of more than 900,000 votes in Texas compared to 2020; and more than 1 million in Florida, a longtime competitive state that saw a dramatic swing in Trump’s direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His improvement in those states also reflects the major shifts in his direction with Latino voters in South Florida and South Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Harris also underperformed in urban areas\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A lot of Democratic base voters live in big cities, and those urban areas are often key to a Democrat winning in the swing states. However, Harris got just 59% of voters in urban areas, lower than Biden, former President Barack Obama or Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That underperformance is a large part of why she lost in key states. For example, in Maricopa County, Arizona, home to Phoenix, Harris got roughly 61,000 fewer votes than Biden in 2020. Trump, on the other hand, gained about 56,000, for a 117,000-vote shift in just one county.\u003cbr>\n[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='election-2024']\u003cbr>\nIn Wayne County, Michigan (Detroit), Harris saw a decline of more than 60,000 votes, while Trump gained about 24,000. Black voters are key in Wayne County, but so are Arab Americans. About 100,000 Arab Americans, the largest population of Arab Americans in the country, live in Dearborn, and many were upset over the Biden administration’s policies toward the war in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a similar story in other key urban areas in the swing states, from Las Vegas to Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Harris saw declines in blue states, too, declining in New York, for example, by more than 800,000 from Biden’s total four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/election-2024-shifts-map-v2-20241111/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"850\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The country largely shifted to the right in this presidential election from where it was four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, President Biden won six of the seven most closely watched states, but this year, they all shifted toward President-elect Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, Trump is on track to win the popular vote this time, when Biden won it by 7 million in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Trump won the suburbs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The suburbs have become increasingly diverse and populous. More than half of voters in 2024 were in suburban areas, according to exit polls. They have become swing areas, home to some of the most closely targeted House seats, and a good barometer of who will win the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winner in the suburbs has won 11 of the last 12 presidential elections, dating back to 1980. And this year, that was Trump, 51%–47%, according to exit polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vice President Harris hoped she could turn out women in the suburbs in key swing states to get her across the finish line. But that didn’t happen. Trump, for example, won white suburban women by 7 points, as well as white suburban men — by 27. So there were some split kitchen tables, but not enough to help Harris win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In multiple swing states, there were significant shifts in Trump’s direction in the suburbs, based on nearly final vote totals. That includes a net swing of almost 60,000 votes in the four counties that make up the Philadelphia suburbs and the two major ones north of Detroit, more than 10,000 in the “WOW” counties around Milwaukee (Waukesha, Ozaukee and Washington), and in the counties touching Fulton County, Georgia, where Atlanta is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some of those Atlanta metro counties, though, Harris did better than Biden and her losses weren’t as bad in the Charlotte metro area as in the former Blue Wall states. That’s one reason Democrats have been more optimistic about the future in the Sun Belt than the industrial Midwest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rural areas went even more for Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump has done extremely well in rural areas, and in 2024, he won by a record margin. Since 1980, no candidate has done better. Trump won 64% of voters in rural areas this year, according to exit polls. The previous best was 61% — set by Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That helped him in all of the swing states but also in red states, like Texas, which boosted his total in the popular vote. He gained, for example, a net of more than 900,000 votes in Texas compared to 2020; and more than 1 million in Florida, a longtime competitive state that saw a dramatic swing in Trump’s direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His improvement in those states also reflects the major shifts in his direction with Latino voters in South Florida and South Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Harris also underperformed in urban areas\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A lot of Democratic base voters live in big cities, and those urban areas are often key to a Democrat winning in the swing states. However, Harris got just 59% of voters in urban areas, lower than Biden, former President Barack Obama or Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That underperformance is a large part of why she lost in key states. For example, in Maricopa County, Arizona, home to Phoenix, Harris got roughly 61,000 fewer votes than Biden in 2020. Trump, on the other hand, gained about 56,000, for a 117,000-vote shift in just one county.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nIn Wayne County, Michigan (Detroit), Harris saw a decline of more than 60,000 votes, while Trump gained about 24,000. Black voters are key in Wayne County, but so are Arab Americans. About 100,000 Arab Americans, the largest population of Arab Americans in the country, live in Dearborn, and many were upset over the Biden administration’s policies toward the war in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a similar story in other key urban areas in the swing states, from Las Vegas to Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Harris saw declines in blue states, too, declining in New York, for example, by more than 800,000 from Biden’s total four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Trump announced Sunday night that Tom Homan, his former acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), will join his second administration to oversee border control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role as “border czar” — which does not require Senate confirmation — Homan will be in charge of the southern and northern U.S. borders, as well as “all Maritime and Aviation Security,” Trump said in his \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/113462412414821782\">post on Truth Social\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Likewise, Tom Homan will be in charge of all Deportation of Illegal Aliens back to their Country of Origin,” Trump wrote, adding that “there is nobody better at policing and controlling our Borders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear what role Homan will take, since managing immigration requires coordination between several agencies under the Department of Homeland Security.[aside postID=news_12011983 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Homan, a former police officer and Border Patrol agent, has worked under six presidents during his three decades in law enforcement. He was executive associate director of enforcement and removal operations for Immigration and Customs Enforcement under President Obama. During that administration, ICE carried out a record number of deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honan repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">praised Trump\u003c/a> for being the one who did the most to secure the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s announcement was largely expected, as Trump had said \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2024/07/15/rnc-chair-whatley-trump-project-2025\">over the summer\u003c/a> that he would tap Homan to help oversee immigration policies in his potential second term. Speaking at the National Conservatism Conference in July, Homan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/08/14/nx-s1-5037992/trump-immigrants-border-mass-deportation-presidential-race-migrants\">told undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> to “wait till 2025,” adding, “If you’re here illegally, you better be looking over your shoulder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump comes back in January,” Homan said. “I’ll be on his heels coming back. And I will run the biggest deportation operation this country’s ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan was behind Trump’s controversial family separation policy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan was the face of the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration during his tenure as acting director of ICE from January 2017 to June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, he often appeared at White House press briefings to defend his agents’ arrests of undocumented immigrants and call for stronger enforcement, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/tom-homan-border-czar-ice-donald-trump/index.html\">according to CNN\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">applauded Trump\u003c/a> for “taking the shackles off” ICE by allowing agents to make a broader range of arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Homan was one of the architects behind its controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/09/trump-administration-family-separation-policy-immigration/670604/\">family separation policy\u003c/a>. More than 5,500 children of immigrants were separated from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 under the administration’s short-lived “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/10/1116738450/how-the-family-separation-policy-came-to-be\">Zero Tolerance\u003c/a>” policy. According to the Department of Homeland Security, as of April, there were still 1,401 children \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/2024-05/24_0422_sec_frtf-interim-progress-report-final-508.pdf\">without confirmed reunification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump signed an executive order stopping family separations in June 2018 after much condemnation from lawmakers and the public, and the Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/27/961048895/justice-department-rescinds-trumps-zero-tolerance-immigration-policy\">officially rescinded it\u003c/a> days after President Biden took office in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan retired in frustration in 2018 when the White House failed to move his nomination toward Senate confirmation, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">\u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>He became a Fox News contributor, joined the conservative Heritage Foundation as a visiting fellow and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/10/22/us/politics/project-2025-trump-heritage-foundation.html\">contributed to Project 2025\u003c/a>, its controversial blueprint for reshaping the federal government\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had sought to distance himself from Project 2025 during his campaign, even though it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/05/g-s1-32720/what-is-project-2025-trump-election\">overlaps with his own agenda\u003c/a>. Trump made immigration a major part of his campaign and has vowed to deport millions of immigrants who are in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan has warned undocumented immigrants to ‘start packing’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan spoke about how such deportations would work in an interview on Fox \u003cem>Sunday Morning Futures \u003c/em>hours before his appointment was announced, saying it would be a “well-targeted, planned operation, conducted … by the men of ICE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we go out there we’re gonna know who we’re looking for, we most likely know where they’re going to be and it’s gonna be done in a humane manner,” Homan said, adding that it will focus on the “public safety threats and the national security threats first.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12013409,news_12013693,news_12013535\"]But those groups won’t be the only targets, Homan told \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-mass-deportation-plan-cost-consequences-60-minutes-transcript/\">CBS’ \u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> last month. He said he would restart workplace enforcement after the Biden administration moved away from the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/12/politics/ice-workplace-raids/index.html\">mass worksite immigration raids\u003c/a> in favor of pursuing “exploitative employers.” He also said in that interview that “families can be deported together,” suggesting children who are U.S. citizens but with undocumented parents would have to go with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months earlier, speaking onstage at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">Republican National Convention\u003c/a>, Homan said Trump would designate Mexican cartels a “terrorist organization” for their role in getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/30/nx-s1-5124997/fentanyl-overdose-opioid-btmps-drug-cartel-xylazine-tranq-mexico-china\">fentanyl over the border\u003c/a>, warning, “He’s gonna wipe you off the face of the Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>He also addressed undocumented immigrants at large, whom he said Biden released into the country against federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You better start packing now,” he said, as attendees waving pro-deportation signs cheered. “‘Cause you’re going home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric and policy proposals, while clearly a winning issue with voters, aren’t being met without pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days since Trump’s election, immigrants rights groups have said they stand \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5182279/immigrant-rights-border-trump-election-migration-immigration\">ready to challenge his anti-migrant policies\u003c/a> through protests, local legislation and lawsuits. And analysts from the Brookings Institution, the American Enterprise Institute and the Niskanen Center project that lower — potentially even negative — net migration to the U.S. would hurt the country’s economy, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan is not the only appointee that Trump has named for his upcoming term. He announced last week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/07/nx-s1-5183242/trump-chief-of-staff-susie-wiles\">Susie Wiles\u003c/a> will be his chief of staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump offered Rep. Elise Stefanik, the New York Republican who chairs the House Republican Conference, to be the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. The role requires Senate confirmation, which is all but guaranteed in the soon-to-be Republican-controlled chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sergio Martínez-Beltrán contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "What to Know About Tom Homan, the Former ICE Head Returning as Trump's 'Border Czar' | KQED",
"description": "President-elect Trump announced Sunday night that Tom Homan, his former acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), will join his second administration to oversee border control. In his role as “border czar” — which does not require Senate confirmation — Homan will be in charge of the southern and northern U.S. borders, as well",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Trump announced Sunday night that Tom Homan, his former acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), will join his second administration to oversee border control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role as “border czar” — which does not require Senate confirmation — Homan will be in charge of the southern and northern U.S. borders, as well as “all Maritime and Aviation Security,” Trump said in his \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/113462412414821782\">post on Truth Social\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Likewise, Tom Homan will be in charge of all Deportation of Illegal Aliens back to their Country of Origin,” Trump wrote, adding that “there is nobody better at policing and controlling our Borders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear what role Homan will take, since managing immigration requires coordination between several agencies under the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Homan, a former police officer and Border Patrol agent, has worked under six presidents during his three decades in law enforcement. He was executive associate director of enforcement and removal operations for Immigration and Customs Enforcement under President Obama. During that administration, ICE carried out a record number of deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honan repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">praised Trump\u003c/a> for being the one who did the most to secure the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s announcement was largely expected, as Trump had said \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2024/07/15/rnc-chair-whatley-trump-project-2025\">over the summer\u003c/a> that he would tap Homan to help oversee immigration policies in his potential second term. Speaking at the National Conservatism Conference in July, Homan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/08/14/nx-s1-5037992/trump-immigrants-border-mass-deportation-presidential-race-migrants\">told undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> to “wait till 2025,” adding, “If you’re here illegally, you better be looking over your shoulder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump comes back in January,” Homan said. “I’ll be on his heels coming back. And I will run the biggest deportation operation this country’s ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan was behind Trump’s controversial family separation policy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan was the face of the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration during his tenure as acting director of ICE from January 2017 to June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, he often appeared at White House press briefings to defend his agents’ arrests of undocumented immigrants and call for stronger enforcement, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/tom-homan-border-czar-ice-donald-trump/index.html\">according to CNN\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">applauded Trump\u003c/a> for “taking the shackles off” ICE by allowing agents to make a broader range of arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Homan was one of the architects behind its controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/09/trump-administration-family-separation-policy-immigration/670604/\">family separation policy\u003c/a>. More than 5,500 children of immigrants were separated from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 under the administration’s short-lived “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/10/1116738450/how-the-family-separation-policy-came-to-be\">Zero Tolerance\u003c/a>” policy. According to the Department of Homeland Security, as of April, there were still 1,401 children \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/2024-05/24_0422_sec_frtf-interim-progress-report-final-508.pdf\">without confirmed reunification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump signed an executive order stopping family separations in June 2018 after much condemnation from lawmakers and the public, and the Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/27/961048895/justice-department-rescinds-trumps-zero-tolerance-immigration-policy\">officially rescinded it\u003c/a> days after President Biden took office in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan retired in frustration in 2018 when the White House failed to move his nomination toward Senate confirmation, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">\u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>He became a Fox News contributor, joined the conservative Heritage Foundation as a visiting fellow and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/10/22/us/politics/project-2025-trump-heritage-foundation.html\">contributed to Project 2025\u003c/a>, its controversial blueprint for reshaping the federal government\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had sought to distance himself from Project 2025 during his campaign, even though it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/05/g-s1-32720/what-is-project-2025-trump-election\">overlaps with his own agenda\u003c/a>. Trump made immigration a major part of his campaign and has vowed to deport millions of immigrants who are in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan has warned undocumented immigrants to ‘start packing’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan spoke about how such deportations would work in an interview on Fox \u003cem>Sunday Morning Futures \u003c/em>hours before his appointment was announced, saying it would be a “well-targeted, planned operation, conducted … by the men of ICE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we go out there we’re gonna know who we’re looking for, we most likely know where they’re going to be and it’s gonna be done in a humane manner,” Homan said, adding that it will focus on the “public safety threats and the national security threats first.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But those groups won’t be the only targets, Homan told \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-mass-deportation-plan-cost-consequences-60-minutes-transcript/\">CBS’ \u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> last month. He said he would restart workplace enforcement after the Biden administration moved away from the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/12/politics/ice-workplace-raids/index.html\">mass worksite immigration raids\u003c/a> in favor of pursuing “exploitative employers.” He also said in that interview that “families can be deported together,” suggesting children who are U.S. citizens but with undocumented parents would have to go with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months earlier, speaking onstage at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">Republican National Convention\u003c/a>, Homan said Trump would designate Mexican cartels a “terrorist organization” for their role in getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/30/nx-s1-5124997/fentanyl-overdose-opioid-btmps-drug-cartel-xylazine-tranq-mexico-china\">fentanyl over the border\u003c/a>, warning, “He’s gonna wipe you off the face of the Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>He also addressed undocumented immigrants at large, whom he said Biden released into the country against federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You better start packing now,” he said, as attendees waving pro-deportation signs cheered. “‘Cause you’re going home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric and policy proposals, while clearly a winning issue with voters, aren’t being met without pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days since Trump’s election, immigrants rights groups have said they stand \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5182279/immigrant-rights-border-trump-election-migration-immigration\">ready to challenge his anti-migrant policies\u003c/a> through protests, local legislation and lawsuits. And analysts from the Brookings Institution, the American Enterprise Institute and the Niskanen Center project that lower — potentially even negative — net migration to the U.S. would hurt the country’s economy, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan is not the only appointee that Trump has named for his upcoming term. He announced last week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/07/nx-s1-5183242/trump-chief-of-staff-susie-wiles\">Susie Wiles\u003c/a> will be his chief of staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump offered Rep. Elise Stefanik, the New York Republican who chairs the House Republican Conference, to be the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. The role requires Senate confirmation, which is all but guaranteed in the soon-to-be Republican-controlled chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sergio Martínez-Beltrán contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-health-care-could-change-under-the-new-trump-administration",
"title": "How Health Care Could Change Under the New Trump Administration",
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"headTitle": "How Health Care Could Change Under the New Trump Administration | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump’s election victory and coming return to the White House will likely bring changes that scale back the nation’s public health insurance programs — potentially increasing the uninsured rate, while imposing new barriers to abortion and other reproductive care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reverberations will be felt far beyond Washington, D.C., and could include an erosion of the Affordable Care Act’s consumer protections, the imposition of work requirements in Medicaid and funding cuts to the safety net insurance, and challenges to federal agencies that safeguard public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion restrictions may tighten nationwide with a possible effort to restrict the mailing of abortion medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with the elevation of vaccine skeptic Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to Trump’s inner circle of advisers, public health interventions with rigorous scientific backing — whether fluoridating public water supplies or inoculating children — could come under fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s victory will give a far broader platform to skeptics and critics of federal health programs and actions. Public health authorities worry that in a worst case, the U.S. could see increases in preventable illnesses; a weakening of public confidence in established science; and debunked notions — such as a link between vaccines and autism — adopted as policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-banning-vaccines-president-rfk-fluoride-rcna178570\">an NBC News interview\u003c/a> on Nov. 3 that he would “make a decision” about banning some vaccines, saying he would consult with Kennedy and calling him “a very talented guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what’s known about how the Trump administration might do on several major issues in health care:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Changes to Obamacare\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Trump has said he will not try again to repeal the Affordable Care Act, his administration will face an immediate decision next year on whether to back an extension of enhanced premium subsidies for Obamacare insurance plans. Without the enhanced subsidies, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/issue-brief/inflation-reduction-act-health-insurance-subsidies-what-is-their-impact-and-what-would-happen-if-they-expire/\">steep premium increases\u003c/a> causing lower enrollment are projected. The current uninsured rate, \u003ca href=\"https://aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/ee0475e44e27daef00155e95a24fd023/nhis-q1-2024-datapoint.pdf\">about 8%\u003c/a>, could rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy specifics have not moved far beyond the “concepts of a plan” Trump said he had during his debate with Harris, though Vice President-elect JD Vance later said the administration would seek to inject more competition into ACA marketplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans claimed a Senate majority, in addition to the White House, while control of the House is not yet resolved as of Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Live 2024 Election Results\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/elections/results,Follow results for every Bay Area race in the 2024 general election.' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/10/Aside-Results-California-2024-General-Election-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls show the ACA has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/poll-finding/5-charts-about-public-opinion-on-the-affordable-care-act/\">gained support among the public\u003c/a>, including provisions such as preexisting condition protections and allowing young people to stay on family health plans until they are 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump supporters and others who have worked in his administration say the former president wants to improve the law in ways that will lower costs. They say he has already shown he will be forceful when it comes to lowering high health care prices, pointing to efforts during his presidency to pioneer price transparency in medical costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On affordability, I’d see him building on the first term,” said Brian Blase, who served as a Trump health adviser from 2017 to 2019. Relative to a Democratic administration, he said, there will be “much more focus” on “minimizing fraud and waste.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to weaken the ACA could include slashing funds for enrollment outreach, enabling consumers to purchase more health plans that don’t comply with ACA consumer protections, and allowing insurers to charge sicker people higher premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats say they expect the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know what their agenda is,” said Leslie Dach, executive chair of Protect Our Care, a health care policy and advocacy organization in Washington, D.C. He worked in the Obama administration helping to implement the ACA. “They’re going to raise costs for millions of Americans and rip coverage away from millions and, meanwhile, they will give tax breaks to rich people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theo Merkel, director of the Private Health Reform Initiative at the right-leaning Paragon Health Institute, which Blase leads, said the enhanced ACA subsidies extended by the Inflation Reduction Act in 2022 do nothing to improve plans or lower premiums. He said they paper over the plans’ low value with larger government subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Drug price negotiation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other Trump supporters say the president-elect may support preserving Medicare’s authority to negotiate drug prices, another provision of the IRA. Trump has championed reducing drug prices, and in 2020 advanced a test model that would have tied the prices of some drugs in Medicare to lower costs overseas, said Merkel, who worked in Trump’s first White House. The drug industry successfully sued to block the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Leadership of health agencies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within Trump’s circles, some names have already been floated as possible leaders for the Department of Health and Human Services. They include former Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal and Seema Verma, who ran the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services during the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy, who suspended his independent presidential run and endorsed Trump, has told his supporters that Trump promised him control of HHS. Trump said publicly before Election Day that he would give Kennedy a big role in his administration, but he may have difficulty winning Senate confirmation for a Cabinet position.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cuts or restrictions on Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Trump has vowed to protect Medicare and said he supports funding home care benefits, he’s been less specific about his intentions for Medicaid, which provides coverage to lower-income and disabled people. Some health analysts expect the program will be especially vulnerable to spending cuts, which could help finance the extension of tax breaks that expire at the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Election Coverage' tag='election-2024']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Possible changes include the imposition of work requirements on beneficiaries in some states. The administration and Republicans in Congress could also try to revamp the way Medicaid is funded. Now, the federal government pays states a variable percentage of program costs. Conservatives have long sought to cap the federal allotments to states, which critics say would lead to draconian cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medicaid will be a big target in a Trump administration,” said Larry Levitt, executive vice president for health policy at KFF, a health information nonprofit that includes KFF Health News.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Reproductive health\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Less clear is the potential future of reproductive health rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said decisions about abortion restrictions should be left to the states. Thirteen states ban abortion with few exceptions, while 28 others restrict the procedure based on gestational duration, \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/state-policies-abortion-bans#:~:text=shortly%20after%20birth.-,Highlights,bans%20based%20on%20gestational%20duration.\">according to the Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a research and policy organization focused on advancing reproductive rights. Trump said before the election that he would not sign a national abortion ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State ballot measures to protect abortion rights were \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/g-s1-32962/abortion-rights-amendments-2024-election\">adopted in seven states\u003c/a>, including Missouri, which Trump won by about 18 points, according to preliminary AP reports. Abortion rights measures were rejected by voters in Florida and South Dakota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could move to restrict access to abortion medications, used in more than half of abortions, either by withdrawing the FDA’s authorization for the drugs or by enforcing a 19th-century law, the Comstock Act, that abortion opponents say bans their shipment. Trump has said he generally would not use the law to ban mail delivery of the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://kffhealthnews.org/about-us\">\u003cem>KFF Health News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump’s election victory and coming return to the White House will likely bring changes that scale back the nation’s public health insurance programs — potentially increasing the uninsured rate, while imposing new barriers to abortion and other reproductive care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reverberations will be felt far beyond Washington, D.C., and could include an erosion of the Affordable Care Act’s consumer protections, the imposition of work requirements in Medicaid and funding cuts to the safety net insurance, and challenges to federal agencies that safeguard public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion restrictions may tighten nationwide with a possible effort to restrict the mailing of abortion medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with the elevation of vaccine skeptic Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to Trump’s inner circle of advisers, public health interventions with rigorous scientific backing — whether fluoridating public water supplies or inoculating children — could come under fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s victory will give a far broader platform to skeptics and critics of federal health programs and actions. Public health authorities worry that in a worst case, the U.S. could see increases in preventable illnesses; a weakening of public confidence in established science; and debunked notions — such as a link between vaccines and autism — adopted as policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-banning-vaccines-president-rfk-fluoride-rcna178570\">an NBC News interview\u003c/a> on Nov. 3 that he would “make a decision” about banning some vaccines, saying he would consult with Kennedy and calling him “a very talented guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what’s known about how the Trump administration might do on several major issues in health care:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Changes to Obamacare\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Trump has said he will not try again to repeal the Affordable Care Act, his administration will face an immediate decision next year on whether to back an extension of enhanced premium subsidies for Obamacare insurance plans. Without the enhanced subsidies, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/issue-brief/inflation-reduction-act-health-insurance-subsidies-what-is-their-impact-and-what-would-happen-if-they-expire/\">steep premium increases\u003c/a> causing lower enrollment are projected. The current uninsured rate, \u003ca href=\"https://aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/ee0475e44e27daef00155e95a24fd023/nhis-q1-2024-datapoint.pdf\">about 8%\u003c/a>, could rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy specifics have not moved far beyond the “concepts of a plan” Trump said he had during his debate with Harris, though Vice President-elect JD Vance later said the administration would seek to inject more competition into ACA marketplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans claimed a Senate majority, in addition to the White House, while control of the House is not yet resolved as of Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls show the ACA has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/poll-finding/5-charts-about-public-opinion-on-the-affordable-care-act/\">gained support among the public\u003c/a>, including provisions such as preexisting condition protections and allowing young people to stay on family health plans until they are 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump supporters and others who have worked in his administration say the former president wants to improve the law in ways that will lower costs. They say he has already shown he will be forceful when it comes to lowering high health care prices, pointing to efforts during his presidency to pioneer price transparency in medical costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On affordability, I’d see him building on the first term,” said Brian Blase, who served as a Trump health adviser from 2017 to 2019. Relative to a Democratic administration, he said, there will be “much more focus” on “minimizing fraud and waste.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to weaken the ACA could include slashing funds for enrollment outreach, enabling consumers to purchase more health plans that don’t comply with ACA consumer protections, and allowing insurers to charge sicker people higher premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats say they expect the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know what their agenda is,” said Leslie Dach, executive chair of Protect Our Care, a health care policy and advocacy organization in Washington, D.C. He worked in the Obama administration helping to implement the ACA. “They’re going to raise costs for millions of Americans and rip coverage away from millions and, meanwhile, they will give tax breaks to rich people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theo Merkel, director of the Private Health Reform Initiative at the right-leaning Paragon Health Institute, which Blase leads, said the enhanced ACA subsidies extended by the Inflation Reduction Act in 2022 do nothing to improve plans or lower premiums. He said they paper over the plans’ low value with larger government subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Drug price negotiation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other Trump supporters say the president-elect may support preserving Medicare’s authority to negotiate drug prices, another provision of the IRA. Trump has championed reducing drug prices, and in 2020 advanced a test model that would have tied the prices of some drugs in Medicare to lower costs overseas, said Merkel, who worked in Trump’s first White House. The drug industry successfully sued to block the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Leadership of health agencies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within Trump’s circles, some names have already been floated as possible leaders for the Department of Health and Human Services. They include former Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal and Seema Verma, who ran the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services during the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy, who suspended his independent presidential run and endorsed Trump, has told his supporters that Trump promised him control of HHS. Trump said publicly before Election Day that he would give Kennedy a big role in his administration, but he may have difficulty winning Senate confirmation for a Cabinet position.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cuts or restrictions on Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Trump has vowed to protect Medicare and said he supports funding home care benefits, he’s been less specific about his intentions for Medicaid, which provides coverage to lower-income and disabled people. Some health analysts expect the program will be especially vulnerable to spending cuts, which could help finance the extension of tax breaks that expire at the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Possible changes include the imposition of work requirements on beneficiaries in some states. The administration and Republicans in Congress could also try to revamp the way Medicaid is funded. Now, the federal government pays states a variable percentage of program costs. Conservatives have long sought to cap the federal allotments to states, which critics say would lead to draconian cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Medicaid will be a big target in a Trump administration,” said Larry Levitt, executive vice president for health policy at KFF, a health information nonprofit that includes KFF Health News.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Reproductive health\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Less clear is the potential future of reproductive health rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said decisions about abortion restrictions should be left to the states. Thirteen states ban abortion with few exceptions, while 28 others restrict the procedure based on gestational duration, \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/state-policies-abortion-bans#:~:text=shortly%20after%20birth.-,Highlights,bans%20based%20on%20gestational%20duration.\">according to the Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a research and policy organization focused on advancing reproductive rights. Trump said before the election that he would not sign a national abortion ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State ballot measures to protect abortion rights were \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/g-s1-32962/abortion-rights-amendments-2024-election\">adopted in seven states\u003c/a>, including Missouri, which Trump won by about 18 points, according to preliminary AP reports. Abortion rights measures were rejected by voters in Florida and South Dakota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could move to restrict access to abortion medications, used in more than half of abortions, either by withdrawing the FDA’s authorization for the drugs or by enforcing a 19th-century law, the Comstock Act, that abortion opponents say bans their shipment. Trump has said he generally would not use the law to ban mail delivery of the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Missouri Voters Back Amendment to End Abortion Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>ST. LOUIS — Missourians voted to legalize abortion up until fetal viability and override the state’s current ban on nearly all abortions, according to a call by the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal challenges are expected from anti-abortion groups but if the Tuesday vote stands it will enshrine abortion rights into the constitution over the objections of the heavily Republican state leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri was the first state to ban abortion — even in cases of rape and only with an exception for medical emergencies — after the fall of Roe v. Wade in 2022. Then abortion rights proponents \u003ca href=\"https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2024-09-10/missouri-supreme-court-orders-abortion-legalization-back-on-the-ballot\">gathered hundreds of thousands of signatures\u003c/a> for a vote on the amendment to legalize abortion up to fetal viability, which is around 24 weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Missouri has become a much more Republican state in the past decade, passage of the amendment wasn’t a surprise. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nprillinois.org/2024-10-18/a-proposed-abortion-rights-amendment-in-missouri-is-gaining-support\">It was in part a reaction to the state’s current law\u003c/a>. A campaign committee backing the amendment raised tens of millions of dollars — and signed up thousands of volunteers to knock doors and make phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri is one of 10 states voting on abortion rights this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for the measure was especially strong in suburban parts of the state. St. Louis County resident Cindy Clark, interviewed in the run-up to the vote, said the amendment eclipsed the presidential race in driving her to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in a more conservative household, which is where my Republican views came from, but we’re always told that Republicans are the party of limited government,” Clark said. “Well, why are they now invading our doctors offices, invading our classrooms, invading all these nuances in our life? That’s not limited government. To me, that’s government control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of Amendment 3 contended that it would be better for the legislature to make changes to Missouri’s strict abortion laws. They also argued the lengthy amendment would allow transgender care for minors, which legal experts and proponents contended was a scare tactic misrepresenting what the proposal actually does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jason Rosenbaum \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stlpr.org/people/jason-rosenbaum\">\u003cem>\u003cu>covers politics\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for St. Louis Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>ST. LOUIS — Missourians voted to legalize abortion up until fetal viability and override the state’s current ban on nearly all abortions, according to a call by the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal challenges are expected from anti-abortion groups but if the Tuesday vote stands it will enshrine abortion rights into the constitution over the objections of the heavily Republican state leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri was the first state to ban abortion — even in cases of rape and only with an exception for medical emergencies — after the fall of Roe v. Wade in 2022. Then abortion rights proponents \u003ca href=\"https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2024-09-10/missouri-supreme-court-orders-abortion-legalization-back-on-the-ballot\">gathered hundreds of thousands of signatures\u003c/a> for a vote on the amendment to legalize abortion up to fetal viability, which is around 24 weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Missouri has become a much more Republican state in the past decade, passage of the amendment wasn’t a surprise. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nprillinois.org/2024-10-18/a-proposed-abortion-rights-amendment-in-missouri-is-gaining-support\">It was in part a reaction to the state’s current law\u003c/a>. A campaign committee backing the amendment raised tens of millions of dollars — and signed up thousands of volunteers to knock doors and make phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri is one of 10 states voting on abortion rights this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for the measure was especially strong in suburban parts of the state. St. Louis County resident Cindy Clark, interviewed in the run-up to the vote, said the amendment eclipsed the presidential race in driving her to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in a more conservative household, which is where my Republican views came from, but we’re always told that Republicans are the party of limited government,” Clark said. “Well, why are they now invading our doctors offices, invading our classrooms, invading all these nuances in our life? That’s not limited government. To me, that’s government control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of Amendment 3 contended that it would be better for the legislature to make changes to Missouri’s strict abortion laws. They also argued the lengthy amendment would allow transgender care for minors, which legal experts and proponents contended was a scare tactic misrepresenting what the proposal actually does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jason Rosenbaum \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stlpr.org/people/jason-rosenbaum\">\u003cem>\u003cu>covers politics\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for St. Louis Public Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results\">Follow KQED’s election results for California and Bay Area races\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware State Sen. Sarah McBride is once again making history — she will be the first openly transgender person to serve in the U.S. Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride will succeed fellow Democrat Lisa Blunt Rochester as the state’s at-large member of Congress. Blunt Rochester handily won her race for Senate earlier on Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride has been a rising star in politics. She previously worked for former Delaware Gov. Jack Markell and the late Delaware Attorney General Beau Biden. In 2012, she interned with the Obama administration. Four years later, she became the first transgender person to speak at a major party convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She won her state Senate seat in 2020 with more than 70% of the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride told NPR in June that during her tenure in state politics, she’s seen firsthand the impact of representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s much harder to hate up close,” she said. “I’ve seen the power of those interpersonal relationships that you have when you are present as a peer and as a colleague — I’ve seen them transform people’s approach, people’s minds, people’s hearts in Delaware. I know it might be a taller order in Washington, but I know it’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride has championed the issues of reproductive freedom, policies that guarantee paid leave and affordable child care, health care and housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s previously said of her history-making bid that she hopes, ultimately, people will think of the policies she’s achieved before they think of her identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that is the best way to guarantee that while I may be a first, that I’m not the last, and that we build a world where it’s no longer noteworthy when a trans candidate runs and wins,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride told NPR in June that during her tenure in state politics, she’s seen firsthand the impact of representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s much harder to hate up close,” she said. “I’ve seen the power of those interpersonal relationships that you have when you are present as a peer and as a colleague — I’ve seen them transform people’s approach, people’s minds, people’s hearts in Delaware. I know it might be a taller order in Washington, but I know it’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBride has championed the issues of reproductive freedom, policies that guarantee paid leave and affordable child care, health care and housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s previously said of her history-making bid that she hopes, ultimately, people will think of the policies she’s achieved before they think of her identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that is the best way to guarantee that while I may be a first, that I’m not the last, and that we build a world where it’s no longer noteworthy when a trans candidate runs and wins,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/elections/\">upcoming election\u003c/a>, less than a week away, could reshape the U.S. Supreme Court — or not, depending on retirements, deaths, or other unforeseen events. The only certainty is political struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on who wins the presidential election, \u003cem>and\u003c/em> control of the Senate, the current 6–to–3 conservative supermajority could remain the same, be trimmed to 5–to–4, or expand to an even larger and more lopsided conservative majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"From the 2024 Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/president,Learn about the U.S. Presidential Election' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/09/Aside-Presidential-2024-General-Election-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public, for the most part, understands that if there is a Supreme Court vacancy, the president’s nominee will generally reflect the president’s views. But, there is a genuine possibility that if the Senate is controlled by the opposition party, the open seat will remain unfilled — not for months, but for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, there is also a real possibility that lower court seats will go unfilled, unless there is significant backroom horse-trading. In short, with power split between the White House and the Senate, there could be unprecedented gridlock on judicial nominations that extends all the way up to the Supreme Court and down to the appellate and even district courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The Merrick Garland treatment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent years, Republicans have wielded their power in unprecedented ways to prevent a president’s Supreme Court nominee from being confirmed. When conservative Justice Antonin Scalia died unexpectedly in 2016, Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell immediately announced that no Obama nominee would be considered at all prior to the election that was nearly a year away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/29/624467256/what-happened-with-merrick-garland-in-2016-and-why-it-matters-now\">went ahead anyway\u003c/a>, figuring that old norms would prevail if he nominated a respected and centrist judge, someone acceptable to both Democrats and Republicans. Judge Merrick Garland seemed the best fit, but Garland didn’t even get a hearing, much less a vote. Four years later, after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/18/100306972/justice-ruth-bader-ginsburg-champion-of-gender-equality-dies-at-87\">death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg\u003c/a>, Senate Republicans put the pedal to the metal just weeks before the election, rapidly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/26/927640619/senate-confirms-amy-coney-barrett-to-the-supreme-court\">pushing through the confirmation of judge, now Justice, Amy Coney Barrett\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, conservatives are just as determined to keep or expand their 6–to–3 Supreme Court majority. So what happens if Kamala Harris is elected president, but the Senate flips to Republican control?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll give you the Merrick Garland treatment,” says conservative scholar Josh Blackman, a professor at South Texas College of Law, Houston. “We’ll have the seat open for three or four years,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Trump win and a Democratic Senate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Would the reverse happen if Trump is elected but the Senate remains in Democratic hands?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats like to think of themselves as “more responsible” than Republicans, but the pressures would be enormous to do unto the Republicans what they did to the Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans “essentially crossed the Rubicon” in 2016 with the Garland nomination, says Harvard law professor Noah Feldman, who has written extensively about the court’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given that we’re in a world of … controversial revolutionary decisions, neither party would be likely to give a positive vote to a nominee of the president from the opposite party,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NYU law professor Bob Bauer, who served as White House counsel for two years in the Obama administration, notes that institutional norms aren’t necessarily permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole notion that “a certain process has to be respected, regardless of the potential impact on one party or another,” he says. “It’s not a norm if it doesn’t command general adherence anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what if Trump is elected, and the Senate flips, as expected, to Republican control? The only thing then standing between nominating and confirming a new Trump-appointed justice would be two moderate Republican senators, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Susan Collins of Maine. If the Republican margin in the Senate is 52–48, their votes aren’t needed; JD Vance would cast the tie-breaking vote as vice president even if Murkowski and Collins voted against the nominee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what recourse would the Democrats have in a situation like that? How would they fight a Trump nomination? After all, there is no filibuster anymore to block a vote. Democrats abolished the filibuster for lower court nominations in 2011 in response to Republicans routinely blocking judicial nominations. Republicans then abolished the filibuster for Supreme Court nominations in 2017 after Trump was elected and nominated Neil Gorsuch to fill the seat that GOP leader McConnell had held open after Scalia’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats are only candid about this when speaking not for attribution. As one put it, “We would largely be left with the politics of personal destruction, investigating every aspect of a nominee’s life to find something that is disqualifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Unforeseen circumstances\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, right now, there is no vacant seat at the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the deaths of Justices Scalia and Ginsburg prove that nothing is certain, they were far older than any member of the current court. Scalia was just days shy of turning 80 and Ginsburg was 87. In contrast, the oldest members of the current court are also among its most conservative. Justice Clarence Thomas is 76 and Justice Samuel Alito is 74, followed by liberal Justice Sonia Sotomayor, 70, and Chief Justice Roberts, 69.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most politically active conservative thinkers would like to see Thomas and Alito step down for younger conservative judges who could serve for many decades longer and move the conservative needle even further to the right. They see as their “farm team” the ultra-conservative Fifth Circuit Court of appeals, populated with former Thomas and Alito clerks whose decisions are often reversed even by the current conservatives on the Supreme Court, including the men they once clerked for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those who know Thomas and Alito well are adamant that neither man would leave the court at this point. Several NPR spoke to would only speak candidly on condition of anonymity. “What would he do, go home and fly flags with his wife at the beach?” said one Alito ally, adding that the court is “Alito’s life.” As for Thomas, his friends and former clerks say he would see retirement as “caving into his critics” and being “driven off the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if there are no retirements or unexpected health crises, the court could well remain as is.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A period of dysfunction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That leaves the lower courts, which get less attention than the Supreme Court, but decide many more cases. During the last year of the Obama administration, when Republicans controlled the Senate, not one nominee to a regional appeals court was confirmed, though 10 trial court judges, a tiny fraction of vacancies, were. The result was that on the day Trump was sworn in, there were 105 judicial vacancies to fill.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11992718,forum_2010101906513,news_12011637\"]Professor Blackman expects that if Harris is elected and Republicans control the Senate, something similar could happen for a full four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They may just stop, confirming” any lower court judges, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other conservatives think that is far too dire a prediction. They expect that especially in states where both senators are Democrats, there would be horse-trading and a deal that allocates judicial seats — basically, the Democrats get one, for example, for every two or three GOP nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard’s Feldman says he sees no light at the end of the tunnel when the parties are split, with a president of one party, and a Senate controlled by the other party. But dysfunction, he thinks could lead to change … eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We might have what I call the incredible shrinking Supreme Court,” he says, adding that “if we have divided government and we have justices naturally retiring or dying and they don’t get replaced, we could go down to eight, to seven, to six and eventually the public might start to notice and complain about it, and then some sort of compromise formation might be reached.” That said, he acknowledges a process like that could take 15 or 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If he’s right, the end of dysfunction is a long way of off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Justice Clarence Thomas, the most senior and seasoned Supreme Court justice, provides a lesson of longevity and power. If he serves another three years, he will break Justice William O. Douglas’ 36-year record for length of service on the court. Indeed, even sooner, when the next president is sworn in this January, Thomas will be making decisions that directly effect his 11th presidential administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public, for the most part, understands that if there is a Supreme Court vacancy, the president’s nominee will generally reflect the president’s views. But, there is a genuine possibility that if the Senate is controlled by the opposition party, the open seat will remain unfilled — not for months, but for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, there is also a real possibility that lower court seats will go unfilled, unless there is significant backroom horse-trading. In short, with power split between the White House and the Senate, there could be unprecedented gridlock on judicial nominations that extends all the way up to the Supreme Court and down to the appellate and even district courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The Merrick Garland treatment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In recent years, Republicans have wielded their power in unprecedented ways to prevent a president’s Supreme Court nominee from being confirmed. When conservative Justice Antonin Scalia died unexpectedly in 2016, Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell immediately announced that no Obama nominee would be considered at all prior to the election that was nearly a year away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/29/624467256/what-happened-with-merrick-garland-in-2016-and-why-it-matters-now\">went ahead anyway\u003c/a>, figuring that old norms would prevail if he nominated a respected and centrist judge, someone acceptable to both Democrats and Republicans. Judge Merrick Garland seemed the best fit, but Garland didn’t even get a hearing, much less a vote. Four years later, after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/18/100306972/justice-ruth-bader-ginsburg-champion-of-gender-equality-dies-at-87\">death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg\u003c/a>, Senate Republicans put the pedal to the metal just weeks before the election, rapidly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/26/927640619/senate-confirms-amy-coney-barrett-to-the-supreme-court\">pushing through the confirmation of judge, now Justice, Amy Coney Barrett\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, conservatives are just as determined to keep or expand their 6–to–3 Supreme Court majority. So what happens if Kamala Harris is elected president, but the Senate flips to Republican control?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll give you the Merrick Garland treatment,” says conservative scholar Josh Blackman, a professor at South Texas College of Law, Houston. “We’ll have the seat open for three or four years,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Trump win and a Democratic Senate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Would the reverse happen if Trump is elected but the Senate remains in Democratic hands?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats like to think of themselves as “more responsible” than Republicans, but the pressures would be enormous to do unto the Republicans what they did to the Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans “essentially crossed the Rubicon” in 2016 with the Garland nomination, says Harvard law professor Noah Feldman, who has written extensively about the court’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given that we’re in a world of … controversial revolutionary decisions, neither party would be likely to give a positive vote to a nominee of the president from the opposite party,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NYU law professor Bob Bauer, who served as White House counsel for two years in the Obama administration, notes that institutional norms aren’t necessarily permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole notion that “a certain process has to be respected, regardless of the potential impact on one party or another,” he says. “It’s not a norm if it doesn’t command general adherence anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what if Trump is elected, and the Senate flips, as expected, to Republican control? The only thing then standing between nominating and confirming a new Trump-appointed justice would be two moderate Republican senators, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Susan Collins of Maine. If the Republican margin in the Senate is 52–48, their votes aren’t needed; JD Vance would cast the tie-breaking vote as vice president even if Murkowski and Collins voted against the nominee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what recourse would the Democrats have in a situation like that? How would they fight a Trump nomination? After all, there is no filibuster anymore to block a vote. Democrats abolished the filibuster for lower court nominations in 2011 in response to Republicans routinely blocking judicial nominations. Republicans then abolished the filibuster for Supreme Court nominations in 2017 after Trump was elected and nominated Neil Gorsuch to fill the seat that GOP leader McConnell had held open after Scalia’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats are only candid about this when speaking not for attribution. As one put it, “We would largely be left with the politics of personal destruction, investigating every aspect of a nominee’s life to find something that is disqualifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Unforeseen circumstances\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Of course, right now, there is no vacant seat at the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the deaths of Justices Scalia and Ginsburg prove that nothing is certain, they were far older than any member of the current court. Scalia was just days shy of turning 80 and Ginsburg was 87. In contrast, the oldest members of the current court are also among its most conservative. Justice Clarence Thomas is 76 and Justice Samuel Alito is 74, followed by liberal Justice Sonia Sotomayor, 70, and Chief Justice Roberts, 69.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most politically active conservative thinkers would like to see Thomas and Alito step down for younger conservative judges who could serve for many decades longer and move the conservative needle even further to the right. They see as their “farm team” the ultra-conservative Fifth Circuit Court of appeals, populated with former Thomas and Alito clerks whose decisions are often reversed even by the current conservatives on the Supreme Court, including the men they once clerked for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those who know Thomas and Alito well are adamant that neither man would leave the court at this point. Several NPR spoke to would only speak candidly on condition of anonymity. “What would he do, go home and fly flags with his wife at the beach?” said one Alito ally, adding that the court is “Alito’s life.” As for Thomas, his friends and former clerks say he would see retirement as “caving into his critics” and being “driven off the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if there are no retirements or unexpected health crises, the court could well remain as is.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A period of dysfunction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That leaves the lower courts, which get less attention than the Supreme Court, but decide many more cases. During the last year of the Obama administration, when Republicans controlled the Senate, not one nominee to a regional appeals court was confirmed, though 10 trial court judges, a tiny fraction of vacancies, were. The result was that on the day Trump was sworn in, there were 105 judicial vacancies to fill.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Professor Blackman expects that if Harris is elected and Republicans control the Senate, something similar could happen for a full four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They may just stop, confirming” any lower court judges, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other conservatives think that is far too dire a prediction. They expect that especially in states where both senators are Democrats, there would be horse-trading and a deal that allocates judicial seats — basically, the Democrats get one, for example, for every two or three GOP nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard’s Feldman says he sees no light at the end of the tunnel when the parties are split, with a president of one party, and a Senate controlled by the other party. But dysfunction, he thinks could lead to change … eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We might have what I call the incredible shrinking Supreme Court,” he says, adding that “if we have divided government and we have justices naturally retiring or dying and they don’t get replaced, we could go down to eight, to seven, to six and eventually the public might start to notice and complain about it, and then some sort of compromise formation might be reached.” That said, he acknowledges a process like that could take 15 or 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If he’s right, the end of dysfunction is a long way of off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Justice Clarence Thomas, the most senior and seasoned Supreme Court justice, provides a lesson of longevity and power. If he serves another three years, he will break Justice William O. Douglas’ 36-year record for length of service on the court. Indeed, even sooner, when the next president is sworn in this January, Thomas will be making decisions that directly effect his 11th presidential administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s very unlikely — but \u003ca href=\"https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2024-election-forecast/\">theoretically possible\u003c/a> — that the presidential election ends with a 269–269 tie in the Electoral College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would mean that neither Kamala Harris nor Donald Trump, who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/15/nx-s1-5153420/swing-state-map-donald-trump-kamala-harris-polls\">locked in a toss-up race\u003c/a>, wins enough electoral votes to become president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hasn’t happened in modern American politics — \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1800\">it did happen back in 1800\u003c/a> — and after a renewed effort to change how Nebraska allocates its electoral votes \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/24/nx-s1-5123871/a-republican-push-to-change-how-nebraska-awards-its-electoral-votes-stalls\">failed\u003c/a>, the prospect of a tie is now looking even less[aside label=\"From the 2024 Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/president,Learn about the U.S. Presidential Election' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/09/Aside-Presidential-2024-General-Election-1200x1200-1.png]But if this year’s election did end 269–269, the U.S. Constitution does have a plan for what happens next. Experts and scholars point to \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/what-happens-if-trump-and-biden-tie-in-the-electoral-college/\">Article II\u003c/a> as well as the \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/what-happens-when-there-is-a-tie-in-the-electoral-college\">12th Amendment\u003c/a> to outline how this would work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elaine Kamarck, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution who has written a lot about presidential elections and presidential nominations, said we “have a pretty good rulebook” for where things go if there is a tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, she said, the election moves to the U.S. House of Representatives, where the newly elected members of Congress would first have to be sworn in and then vote on who becomes president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each state – regardless of the size of the state’s delegation – would then get one vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if they would deliberate or not or just take a poll,” Kamarck said. “In some cases, it’d be pretty easy. And they would cast their vote for one of the people who finished in the Electoral College.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because it is unlikely \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/25/nx-s1-5111891/independent-third-party-candidates-swing-state-ballots\">third-party candidates\u003c/a> will win any electoral votes this year, so each state would have to vote for either Trump or Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“The Constitution says you need a majority of the House delegations,” Kamarck said. “So that would be 26 House delegations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans currently have an edge if it were to come to this because the party right now has control of 26 U.S. House delegations, compared to the 22 controlled by Democrats. Two states — Minnesota and North Carolina — have split delegations. This, of course, could all change depending on what happens in this year’s general election.[aside postID=lowdown_3825 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/RS59244_Early_Voting_003-qut-1020x681.jpg']“What we’re really saying here is if the Electoral College was really in a tie, then the outcome of House races and Senate races would be absolutely critical to the outcome of the [presidential] election,” Kamarck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process, she said, would play out in the U.S. Senate to decide who would become vice president. In that case, though, each senator gets a vote — instead of one vote per state like in the House. The candidate that gets to 51 votes becomes the vice president. And because these are separate votes, it’s possible that the president and vice president could end up being from different political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the House can’t get to 26 votes for a presidential candidate the first time, they would have to keep voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if no candidate gets to 26 by Inauguration Day, the person chosen as vice president by the Senate \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R40504/7\">will be acting president\u003c/a> while the House continues to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The House keeps voting and voting until the tie is broken,” Kamarck said. “So, there is an end to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s very unlikely — but \u003ca href=\"https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2024-election-forecast/\">theoretically possible\u003c/a> — that the presidential election ends with a 269–269 tie in the Electoral College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would mean that neither Kamala Harris nor Donald Trump, who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/15/nx-s1-5153420/swing-state-map-donald-trump-kamala-harris-polls\">locked in a toss-up race\u003c/a>, wins enough electoral votes to become president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hasn’t happened in modern American politics — \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1800\">it did happen back in 1800\u003c/a> — and after a renewed effort to change how Nebraska allocates its electoral votes \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/24/nx-s1-5123871/a-republican-push-to-change-how-nebraska-awards-its-electoral-votes-stalls\">failed\u003c/a>, the prospect of a tie is now looking even less\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But if this year’s election did end 269–269, the U.S. Constitution does have a plan for what happens next. Experts and scholars point to \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/what-happens-if-trump-and-biden-tie-in-the-electoral-college/\">Article II\u003c/a> as well as the \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/what-happens-when-there-is-a-tie-in-the-electoral-college\">12th Amendment\u003c/a> to outline how this would work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elaine Kamarck, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution who has written a lot about presidential elections and presidential nominations, said we “have a pretty good rulebook” for where things go if there is a tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, she said, the election moves to the U.S. House of Representatives, where the newly elected members of Congress would first have to be sworn in and then vote on who becomes president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each state – regardless of the size of the state’s delegation – would then get one vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if they would deliberate or not or just take a poll,” Kamarck said. “In some cases, it’d be pretty easy. And they would cast their vote for one of the people who finished in the Electoral College.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because it is unlikely \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/25/nx-s1-5111891/independent-third-party-candidates-swing-state-ballots\">third-party candidates\u003c/a> will win any electoral votes this year, so each state would have to vote for either Trump or Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“The Constitution says you need a majority of the House delegations,” Kamarck said. “So that would be 26 House delegations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans currently have an edge if it were to come to this because the party right now has control of 26 U.S. House delegations, compared to the 22 controlled by Democrats. Two states — Minnesota and North Carolina — have split delegations. This, of course, could all change depending on what happens in this year’s general election.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What we’re really saying here is if the Electoral College was really in a tie, then the outcome of House races and Senate races would be absolutely critical to the outcome of the [presidential] election,” Kamarck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process, she said, would play out in the U.S. Senate to decide who would become vice president. In that case, though, each senator gets a vote — instead of one vote per state like in the House. The candidate that gets to 51 votes becomes the vice president. And because these are separate votes, it’s possible that the president and vice president could end up being from different political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the House can’t get to 26 votes for a presidential candidate the first time, they would have to keep voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if no candidate gets to 26 by Inauguration Day, the person chosen as vice president by the Senate \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R40504/7\">will be acting president\u003c/a> while the House continues to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The House keeps voting and voting until the tie is broken,” Kamarck said. “So, there is an end to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"order": 9
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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