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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/08/nx-s1-5252370/california-wildfires-los-angeles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More than 30,000 people in Los Angeles County have been ordered to evacuate\u003c/a> as the Palisades Fire, one of several wildfires that broke out on Tuesday morning, blazed through the Pacific Palisades community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fueled by intense Santa Ana winds, the fire has spread over more than 2,900 acres and threatened 13,000 structures; California Gov. Gavin Newsom said during an afternoon press conference that he’s already seen many of them destroyed. The fire remains uncontained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of firefighters have been battling the blaze on foot in the hillsides of the Santa Monica Mountains, where the fire originally broke out, as well as by plane, dropping water and flame retardant. In the Pacific Palisades community, thousands of people have scrambled to escape the flames. \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/climate-environment/fires-southern-california-gusty-winds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to LAist\u003c/a>, video footage showed drivers on the Pacific Coast Highway fleeing their cars to the ocean at the behest of officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a second major wind-driven fire was burning Tuesday night in Los Angeles County as fierce Santa Ana winds roared across the region. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/eaton-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaton Fire\u003c/a> had destroyed 400 acres in Altadena, north of Pasadena — an area bordering the Angeles National Forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuations \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Angeles_NF/status/1876832615484858622\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have been ordered\u003c/a>. “High winds were driving rapid fire growth, posing a significant threat to nearby communities and making containment efforts challenging,” CalFire \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/eaton-fire/updates/50a2ae08-439c-4864-bd5f-fbede1bc7e59\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>. “Firefighters are working aggressively to slow the spread and protect critical infrastructure under extreme conditions. The combination of low humidity, dry fuels, and shifting winds has heightened the potential for spot fires and rapid expansion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions were changing quickly Tuesday night as evacuation areas shifted alongside the fire. Officials warned that the Santa Ana winds were only going to get worse on Tuesday night through Wednesday morning, reaching 100 mph or more. The National Weather Service warned of a “particularly dangerous situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Very strong gusts and low relative humidity will allow any fires that develop to spread VERY rapidly,” the agency added. On Wednesday, that’s predicted to affect Orange, San Bernardino and Riverside counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can find the latest information about the fire’s reach and damage \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/climate-environment/fires-southern-california-gusty-winds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">from member station LAist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020920\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A lone woman on a beach looks over her shoulder at a massive plume of smoke in the near distance.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lone sunbather sits and watches a large plume of smoke from a wildfire rise over the Pacific Palisades in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County, on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Richard Vogel/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Firefighter points hose at flames, surrounded by orange glowing smoke.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter battles the advancing Palisades Fire around a structure in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020924\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020924\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Man pushes an older woman sitting in a shopping cart away from a plume of smoke along the sidewalk of a beach.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerome Krausse pushes his mother-in-law in a shopping cart as they evacuate from their home in the Pacific Palisades after a wildfire swept through their neighborhood in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County, on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Richard Vogel/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020925\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020925\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames engulf a wooded area.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a property in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020926\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 200 acres were burning in Pacific Palisades, an upscale spot with multimillion-dollar homes in the Santa Monica Mountains, shuttering a key highway and blanketing the area with thick smoke. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020929\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"People fleeing among cars with a tree and orange smoky haze and flames in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People flee from the advancing Palisades Fire, by car and on foot, in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020933\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020933\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A young man runs with a worries face past cars on a city street with smoke in the distance.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person flees from an advancing wildfire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames engulfing a wooded area and structures with a tree in the foreground.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters stage in front of the advancing Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020936\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020936\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A plume of smoke covers the sun glowing orange above firefighters working with tools to contain the fire.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters work as a brush fire burns in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles County. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020938\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The wreckage of the foyer of a house with the second floor completely collapsed and a stairway still on fire.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a residence in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020942\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020942\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter passes a house with its roof on fire in a suburban street.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A residence burns as a firefighter battles the Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Eugene Garcia/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The inside of a home with furniture all ablaze and more flames seen on the street out of the living room window.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a residence in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020947\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020947\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter jumps over a low wall and toward a burning house.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter jumps over a fence while fighting the Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020949\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020949\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames in foreground with untouched houses behind and and pristine lawns.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames rise as the Palisades Fire advances on homes in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020950\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020950\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters protect structures from the advancing Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020951\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames and smoke on hilltops on the outskirts of Los Angeles, seen from downtown.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plumes of smoke are seen as a brush fire burns in Pacific Palisades, as seen from Santa Monica, Los Angeles County. \u003ccite>(Agustin Paullier/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A luxurious swimming pool and manicured lawns with high flames and plumes of smoke only a few hundred yards away.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fast-moving brushfire in a Los Angeles suburb burned buildings and sparked evacuations Tuesday as ‘life threatening’ winds whipped the region. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020958\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A city street with houses and a church, flames rising behind them, and a person walking in the street in the foreground.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A passerby walks across the street in Sierra Madre as fire burns in the background. \u003ccite>(Josie Huang/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A suburban street with strong flames encroaching.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fire is seen in Altadena. \u003ccite>(Josie Huang/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Fueled by intense Santa Ana winds, the Palisades fire has spread over more than 2,900 acres and threatened 13,000 structures. It remains uncontained.",
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"title": "Photos: Thousands Flee the Wind-Fueled Fires Ravaging LA | KQED",
"description": "Fueled by intense Santa Ana winds, the Palisades fire has spread over more than 2,900 acres and threatened 13,000 structures. It remains uncontained.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/08/nx-s1-5252370/california-wildfires-los-angeles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More than 30,000 people in Los Angeles County have been ordered to evacuate\u003c/a> as the Palisades Fire, one of several wildfires that broke out on Tuesday morning, blazed through the Pacific Palisades community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fueled by intense Santa Ana winds, the fire has spread over more than 2,900 acres and threatened 13,000 structures; California Gov. Gavin Newsom said during an afternoon press conference that he’s already seen many of them destroyed. The fire remains uncontained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of firefighters have been battling the blaze on foot in the hillsides of the Santa Monica Mountains, where the fire originally broke out, as well as by plane, dropping water and flame retardant. In the Pacific Palisades community, thousands of people have scrambled to escape the flames. \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/climate-environment/fires-southern-california-gusty-winds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to LAist\u003c/a>, video footage showed drivers on the Pacific Coast Highway fleeing their cars to the ocean at the behest of officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a second major wind-driven fire was burning Tuesday night in Los Angeles County as fierce Santa Ana winds roared across the region. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/eaton-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaton Fire\u003c/a> had destroyed 400 acres in Altadena, north of Pasadena — an area bordering the Angeles National Forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuations \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Angeles_NF/status/1876832615484858622\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have been ordered\u003c/a>. “High winds were driving rapid fire growth, posing a significant threat to nearby communities and making containment efforts challenging,” CalFire \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/eaton-fire/updates/50a2ae08-439c-4864-bd5f-fbede1bc7e59\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>. “Firefighters are working aggressively to slow the spread and protect critical infrastructure under extreme conditions. The combination of low humidity, dry fuels, and shifting winds has heightened the potential for spot fires and rapid expansion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions were changing quickly Tuesday night as evacuation areas shifted alongside the fire. Officials warned that the Santa Ana winds were only going to get worse on Tuesday night through Wednesday morning, reaching 100 mph or more. The National Weather Service warned of a “particularly dangerous situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Very strong gusts and low relative humidity will allow any fires that develop to spread VERY rapidly,” the agency added. On Wednesday, that’s predicted to affect Orange, San Bernardino and Riverside counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can find the latest information about the fire’s reach and damage \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/climate-environment/fires-southern-california-gusty-winds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">from member station LAist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020920\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A lone woman on a beach looks over her shoulder at a massive plume of smoke in the near distance.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lone sunbather sits and watches a large plume of smoke from a wildfire rise over the Pacific Palisades in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County, on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Richard Vogel/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Firefighter points hose at flames, surrounded by orange glowing smoke.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter battles the advancing Palisades Fire around a structure in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020924\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020924\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Man pushes an older woman sitting in a shopping cart away from a plume of smoke along the sidewalk of a beach.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerome Krausse pushes his mother-in-law in a shopping cart as they evacuate from their home in the Pacific Palisades after a wildfire swept through their neighborhood in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County, on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Richard Vogel/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020925\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020925\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames engulf a wooded area.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a property in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020926\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 200 acres were burning in Pacific Palisades, an upscale spot with multimillion-dollar homes in the Santa Monica Mountains, shuttering a key highway and blanketing the area with thick smoke. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020929\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"People fleeing among cars with a tree and orange smoky haze and flames in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People flee from the advancing Palisades Fire, by car and on foot, in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020933\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020933\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A young man runs with a worries face past cars on a city street with smoke in the distance.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-8-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person flees from an advancing wildfire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames engulfing a wooded area and structures with a tree in the foreground.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-9-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters stage in front of the advancing Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020936\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020936\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A plume of smoke covers the sun glowing orange above firefighters working with tools to contain the fire.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters work as a brush fire burns in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles County. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020938\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The wreckage of the foyer of a house with the second floor completely collapsed and a stairway still on fire.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a residence in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020942\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020942\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter passes a house with its roof on fire in a suburban street.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-12-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A residence burns as a firefighter battles the Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Eugene Garcia/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The inside of a home with furniture all ablaze and more flames seen on the street out of the living room window.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-13-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire burns a residence in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020947\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020947\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter jumps over a low wall and toward a burning house.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-14-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter jumps over a fence while fighting the Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020949\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020949\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames in foreground with untouched houses behind and and pristine lawns.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-15-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames rise as the Palisades Fire advances on homes in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020950\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020950\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-16-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters protect structures from the advancing Palisades Fire in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Etienne Laurent/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020951\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames and smoke on hilltops on the outskirts of Los Angeles, seen from downtown.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plumes of smoke are seen as a brush fire burns in Pacific Palisades, as seen from Santa Monica, Los Angeles County. \u003ccite>(Agustin Paullier/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A luxurious swimming pool and manicured lawns with high flames and plumes of smoke only a few hundred yards away.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-18-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A fast-moving brushfire in a Los Angeles suburb burned buildings and sparked evacuations Tuesday as ‘life threatening’ winds whipped the region. \u003ccite>(David Swanson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020958\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A city street with houses and a church, flames rising behind them, and a person walking in the street in the foreground.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-19-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A passerby walks across the street in Sierra Madre as fire burns in the background. \u003ccite>(Josie Huang/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12020960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12020960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A suburban street with strong flames encroaching.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-20-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fire is seen in Altadena. \u003ccite>(Josie Huang/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Meta Ends Fact Checking Ahead of 2nd Trump Term",
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"content": "\u003cp>Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2025/01/meta-more-speech-fewer-mistakes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Tuesday\u003c/a> that the social media company, which owns Facebook and Instagram, would stop working with third-party fact checking organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeating talking points long used by President-elect Donald Trump and his allies, in a video, Zuckerberg said the company’s content moderation approach resulted too often in “censorship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After Trump first got elected in 2016, the legacy media wrote nonstop about how misinformation was a threat to democracy. We tried in good faith to address those concerns without becoming the arbiters of truth,” Zuckerberg said. “But the fact checkers have just been too politically biased and have destroyed more trust than they’ve created, especially in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta set up one of the most extensive \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/15/505728377/facebook-details-its-new-plan-to-combat-fake-news-stories\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partnerships with fact checkers\u003c/a> after the 2016 presidential election, in which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/18/903616315/senate-releases-final-report-on-russias-interference-in-2016-election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Russia spread false claims\u003c/a> on Facebook and other online platforms. The company created what has become a standard for how tech platforms limit the spread of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/19/502692075/misinformation-on-facebook-zuckerberg-lists-ways-of-fighting-fake-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">falsehoods and misleading information\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the 2020 election and the COVID pandemic accelerated a backlash among conservatives who cast content moderation as a form of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/924625825/dont-censor-stop-the-hoaxes-facebook-twitter-face-a-catch-22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">censorship\u003c/a>. Facebook, along with Twitter and YouTube, banned Trump from their platforms after the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the Capitol but eventually \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/25/1146961818/trump-meta-facebook-instagram-ban-ends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allowed him to return\u003c/a> ahead of his second run for office. In recent years, fact checkers, researchers of false narratives, and social media content moderation programs have become targets of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/10/1211929764/election-false-claims-social-media-cisa-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican-led Congressional probes and legal challenges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said his views on content moderation have changed. Meta has made “too many mistakes” in how it applied its content policies, he said, and pointed to Trump’s election to a second term as “a cultural tipping point towards once again prioritizing speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are going to get back to our roots, focus on reducing mistakes, simplifying our policies, and restoring free expression on our platforms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta said instead of working with third-party fact checkers, it would shift to a “community notes” program where users write and rate notes that appear next to specific posts. That’s similar to the approach Elon Musk has championed on X, the platform formerly known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/10/965839888/twitters-birdwatch-aims-to-crowdsource-fight-against-misinformation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta also said it would change how it enforces its policies, relying less on automated systems except for “illegal and high-severity violations,” including terrorism, child sexual exploitation, and fraud. The company’s U.S. content moderation team will move from California to Texas. The move should “help us build trust to do this work in places where there is less concern about the bias of our teams,” Zuckerberg said.[aside label=\"More Meta News\" postID=\"news_11965392,news_12008143,news_11968723\"]Fact checkers who have worked with Meta for years pushed back against Zuckerberg’s accusation of bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>“It was particularly troubling to see him echo claims of bias against the fact checkers because he knows that the ones that participated in his program were signatories of a code of principles that requires that they be transparent and nonpartisan,” said Bill Adair, co-founder of the International Fact Checking Network. He founded PolitiFact, one of the first participants in Facebook’s third-party fact checker’s program, which he left in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta, up until this morning, has always appreciated the independence of fact checkers,” Adair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Meta pays fact checkers for their work, some fact checking organizations — most of which are non-profits — heavily rely on the company to survive. “We’ll see fewer fact checking reports published and fewer fact checkers working,” said Angie Drobnic Holan, the director of International Fact Checking Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the fact checking programs on social media have been really positive for helping to reduce hoax content and conspiracy theories. And to see it so quickly curtailed this way without a whole lot of discussion is disappointing,” Holan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans welcomed the announcement as validating their long-running claims that Meta and other tech companies are biased against conservatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta finally admits to censoring speech … what a great birthday present to wake up to and a huge win for free speech,” Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RandPaul/status/1876614145275015357\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">posted on X\u003c/a> on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2025/01/meta-more-speech-fewer-mistakes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Tuesday\u003c/a> that the social media company, which owns Facebook and Instagram, would stop working with third-party fact checking organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeating talking points long used by President-elect Donald Trump and his allies, in a video, Zuckerberg said the company’s content moderation approach resulted too often in “censorship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After Trump first got elected in 2016, the legacy media wrote nonstop about how misinformation was a threat to democracy. We tried in good faith to address those concerns without becoming the arbiters of truth,” Zuckerberg said. “But the fact checkers have just been too politically biased and have destroyed more trust than they’ve created, especially in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta set up one of the most extensive \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/15/505728377/facebook-details-its-new-plan-to-combat-fake-news-stories\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partnerships with fact checkers\u003c/a> after the 2016 presidential election, in which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/18/903616315/senate-releases-final-report-on-russias-interference-in-2016-election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Russia spread false claims\u003c/a> on Facebook and other online platforms. The company created what has become a standard for how tech platforms limit the spread of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/19/502692075/misinformation-on-facebook-zuckerberg-lists-ways-of-fighting-fake-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">falsehoods and misleading information\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the 2020 election and the COVID pandemic accelerated a backlash among conservatives who cast content moderation as a form of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/924625825/dont-censor-stop-the-hoaxes-facebook-twitter-face-a-catch-22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">censorship\u003c/a>. Facebook, along with Twitter and YouTube, banned Trump from their platforms after the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the Capitol but eventually \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/25/1146961818/trump-meta-facebook-instagram-ban-ends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allowed him to return\u003c/a> ahead of his second run for office. In recent years, fact checkers, researchers of false narratives, and social media content moderation programs have become targets of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/10/1211929764/election-false-claims-social-media-cisa-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican-led Congressional probes and legal challenges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said his views on content moderation have changed. Meta has made “too many mistakes” in how it applied its content policies, he said, and pointed to Trump’s election to a second term as “a cultural tipping point towards once again prioritizing speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are going to get back to our roots, focus on reducing mistakes, simplifying our policies, and restoring free expression on our platforms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta said instead of working with third-party fact checkers, it would shift to a “community notes” program where users write and rate notes that appear next to specific posts. That’s similar to the approach Elon Musk has championed on X, the platform formerly known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/10/965839888/twitters-birdwatch-aims-to-crowdsource-fight-against-misinformation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta also said it would change how it enforces its policies, relying less on automated systems except for “illegal and high-severity violations,” including terrorism, child sexual exploitation, and fraud. The company’s U.S. content moderation team will move from California to Texas. The move should “help us build trust to do this work in places where there is less concern about the bias of our teams,” Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Fact checkers who have worked with Meta for years pushed back against Zuckerberg’s accusation of bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>“It was particularly troubling to see him echo claims of bias against the fact checkers because he knows that the ones that participated in his program were signatories of a code of principles that requires that they be transparent and nonpartisan,” said Bill Adair, co-founder of the International Fact Checking Network. He founded PolitiFact, one of the first participants in Facebook’s third-party fact checker’s program, which he left in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta, up until this morning, has always appreciated the independence of fact checkers,” Adair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Meta pays fact checkers for their work, some fact checking organizations — most of which are non-profits — heavily rely on the company to survive. “We’ll see fewer fact checking reports published and fewer fact checkers working,” said Angie Drobnic Holan, the director of International Fact Checking Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the fact checking programs on social media have been really positive for helping to reduce hoax content and conspiracy theories. And to see it so quickly curtailed this way without a whole lot of discussion is disappointing,” Holan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans welcomed the announcement as validating their long-running claims that Meta and other tech companies are biased against conservatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta finally admits to censoring speech … what a great birthday present to wake up to and a huge win for free speech,” Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RandPaul/status/1876614145275015357\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">posted on X\u003c/a> on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "in-11th-hour-move-biden-bans-oil-and-gas-drilling-in-most-u-s-waters",
"title": "In 11th-Hour Move, Biden Bans Oil and Gas Drilling in Most US Waters",
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"headTitle": "In 11th-Hour Move, Biden Bans Oil and Gas Drilling in Most US Waters | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Joe Biden is using a decades-old law to block drilling for oil in more than 625 million acres of U.S. ocean — the largest region a president has ever protected using this authority. It’s a move designed to help cement his climate legacy and one the incoming Trump administration is expected to challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has previously protected much smaller regions from oil development, but Monday’s announcement covers vastly more territory: the entire East and West coasts, the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and a portion of the Bering Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and gas companies that want to find or produce offshore oil have to pay the U.S. government to lease sections of the ocean. Biden’s action prohibits new leases in the identified regions; it does not affect any existing leases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the newly-protected territory is not particularly appealing to the oil industry, at least right now. That’s led some to dismiss this move as merely symbolic. However, the region includes the eastern Gulf of Mexico, where oil companies are interested in expanding when an existing moratorium expires. And all together, the huge swathes of ocean set aside in this move — hypothetically forever — include more than a third of the offshore U.S. oil and gas that is likely economical to extract, according to government data and analysts at Clearview Energy Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry has objected to the moratorium. “American voters sent a clear message in support of domestic energy development, and yet the current administration is using its final days in office to cement a record of doing everything possible to restrict it,” American Petroleum Institute president Mike Sommers said in a statement. The API suggested that reversing this “politically-motivated” action should be a top priority for Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if there’s no immediate interest in some areas, it’s crucial for the federal government to maintain the flexibility to adapt its energy policy, especially in response to unexpected global changes like the Russian invasion of Ukraine,” Erik Milito, the president of a trade group representing offshore energy development, said in a statement. “Blanket bans only serve to transfer energy production and economic opportunities abroad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green groups, meanwhile, celebrated the announcement. “We see this as an epic ocean victory,” said Joseph Gordon, campaign director for Oceana, a nonprofit that advocates for ocean conservation worldwide. “This is a commitment to turning the corner from fossil fuels to clean energy. And we hope that millions of Americans who live near the ocean or visit or see places on the map protected today … can take comfort knowing that those places will never be subject to offshore drilling and they’ll never [experience] an oil spill like Deepwater Horizon,” the devastating 2010 BP spill in the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is, of course, a familiar divide, with industry representatives on one side and environmental groups on the other. For his part, Biden rejected that framing. “We do not need to choose between protecting the environment and growing our economy,” he said in a statement, calling it a false choice. “Protecting America’s coasts and ocean is the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Bipartisan history, uncertain future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previous presidents have used the same authority Biden exerted on Monday to protect ocean regions from drilling, though never so many acres at one time. Trump himself \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/icymi-no-offshore-drilling-around-florida-and-southern-atlantic\">used it\u003c/a> to protect the coasts of Florida, Georgia and South Carolina for 12 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='environment' label='More Environment News']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, significantly, Biden’s move has no expiration date. And courts have previously found that makes the move essentially permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After former President Barack Obama undertook a similar action late in his administration to protect waters from drilling with no end date, Trump attempted to reverse it — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/25/717214683/trump-administration-puts-offshore-drilling-plan-on-hold-after-setback-in-court\">without success\u003c/a>. Courts found that the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act allows a president to protect waters indefinitely, and doesn’t include any provision for removing that protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Book of Clearview Energy Partners said this doesn’t mean the Trump administration can’t undo these protections. “The administration, having done this once before, will probably look to a congressional pathway as a means of resolution,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A filibuster-proof budget reconciliation bill could be a path for reopening these acres to oil development. That would be attractive not just as a way to follow through on Trump’s campaign promises to “drill, baby, drill” but also for the budgetary benefits: offshore oil lease auctions make money for the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Book said with Republicans in Congress promising a reconciliation bill this summer, these protections — or some of them — might be rolled back as early as this year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Joe Biden is using a decades-old law to block drilling for oil in more than 625 million acres of U.S. ocean — the largest region a president has ever protected using this authority. It’s a move designed to help cement his climate legacy and one the incoming Trump administration is expected to challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has previously protected much smaller regions from oil development, but Monday’s announcement covers vastly more territory: the entire East and West coasts, the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and a portion of the Bering Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and gas companies that want to find or produce offshore oil have to pay the U.S. government to lease sections of the ocean. Biden’s action prohibits new leases in the identified regions; it does not affect any existing leases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the newly-protected territory is not particularly appealing to the oil industry, at least right now. That’s led some to dismiss this move as merely symbolic. However, the region includes the eastern Gulf of Mexico, where oil companies are interested in expanding when an existing moratorium expires. And all together, the huge swathes of ocean set aside in this move — hypothetically forever — include more than a third of the offshore U.S. oil and gas that is likely economical to extract, according to government data and analysts at Clearview Energy Partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry has objected to the moratorium. “American voters sent a clear message in support of domestic energy development, and yet the current administration is using its final days in office to cement a record of doing everything possible to restrict it,” American Petroleum Institute president Mike Sommers said in a statement. The API suggested that reversing this “politically-motivated” action should be a top priority for Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if there’s no immediate interest in some areas, it’s crucial for the federal government to maintain the flexibility to adapt its energy policy, especially in response to unexpected global changes like the Russian invasion of Ukraine,” Erik Milito, the president of a trade group representing offshore energy development, said in a statement. “Blanket bans only serve to transfer energy production and economic opportunities abroad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green groups, meanwhile, celebrated the announcement. “We see this as an epic ocean victory,” said Joseph Gordon, campaign director for Oceana, a nonprofit that advocates for ocean conservation worldwide. “This is a commitment to turning the corner from fossil fuels to clean energy. And we hope that millions of Americans who live near the ocean or visit or see places on the map protected today … can take comfort knowing that those places will never be subject to offshore drilling and they’ll never [experience] an oil spill like Deepwater Horizon,” the devastating 2010 BP spill in the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is, of course, a familiar divide, with industry representatives on one side and environmental groups on the other. For his part, Biden rejected that framing. “We do not need to choose between protecting the environment and growing our economy,” he said in a statement, calling it a false choice. “Protecting America’s coasts and ocean is the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Bipartisan history, uncertain future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previous presidents have used the same authority Biden exerted on Monday to protect ocean regions from drilling, though never so many acres at one time. Trump himself \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/icymi-no-offshore-drilling-around-florida-and-southern-atlantic\">used it\u003c/a> to protect the coasts of Florida, Georgia and South Carolina for 12 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, significantly, Biden’s move has no expiration date. And courts have previously found that makes the move essentially permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After former President Barack Obama undertook a similar action late in his administration to protect waters from drilling with no end date, Trump attempted to reverse it — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/25/717214683/trump-administration-puts-offshore-drilling-plan-on-hold-after-setback-in-court\">without success\u003c/a>. Courts found that the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act allows a president to protect waters indefinitely, and doesn’t include any provision for removing that protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kevin Book of Clearview Energy Partners said this doesn’t mean the Trump administration can’t undo these protections. “The administration, having done this once before, will probably look to a congressional pathway as a means of resolution,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A filibuster-proof budget reconciliation bill could be a path for reopening these acres to oil development. That would be attractive not just as a way to follow through on Trump’s campaign promises to “drill, baby, drill” but also for the budgetary benefits: offshore oil lease auctions make money for the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Book said with Republicans in Congress promising a reconciliation bill this summer, these protections — or some of them — might be rolled back as early as this year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The biggest difference between Jan. 6, 2025, and Jan. 6, 2021, will be obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of falsely claiming he won the election in a speech two miles from the U.S. Capitol, stoking a mob of his supporters to violently disrupt the counting of electoral votes, Donald Trump will be certified the winner by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change has radically impacted all aspects of the post-election period. Election officials say their offices \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/13/1212604201/politics-what-is-next-for-the-election-denial-movement\">aren’t getting the same nasty phone calls\u003c/a>. Surveys find that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/06/nx-s1-5217819/republican-election-confidence-trump-pew-poll\">majority of Americans trust the results\u003c/a>. But there may be no greater contrast this cycle than during the proceedings on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“January 6th is the date, if there is one date, at which we witness the peaceful transfer of power in the United States,” said Rick Pildes, an election law expert at New York University. “In many ways, it is the most important moment of democracy. … And of course, this Jan. 6, in the background, will be the resonances of what happened in [the wake of the] 2020 [election].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, experts expect the certification at the Capitol to return to what it looked like before 2020: a simple bureaucratic step that makes a result that Americans have long known official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there will be subtle ways this year’s proceedings will be different, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the chaos four years ago, Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/22/1139951463/electoral-count-act-reform-passes\">passed new rules\u003c/a> to govern and clarify the presidential certification process. After the last election, Trump’s legal team had attempted to exploit the previous framework, which legal experts had widely considered to be full of ambiguities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very badly drafted,” said Pildes, who was one of the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RickPildes/status/1869042594849976363\">key legal voices\u003c/a> advising a bipartisan group of lawmakers as they crafted the update, known as the Electoral Count Reform Act (ECRA). “The one thing you want in a legal framework for resolving a disputed election — and this is true of any election, but especially the presidential election — you want a clear legal framework that’s established in advance so that it can’t be manipulated for partisan purposes at the moment of crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first presidential election to be certified under the new law, which also \u003ca href=\"https://campaignlegal.org/document/electoral-count-reform-act-implementation\">clarified\u003c/a> how states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/17/nx-s1-5225588/trump-electoral-college-vote-nevada-fake-electors-michigan\">finalized their results\u003c/a> in December. Here are some of the key changes that will affect Monday’s proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Objections need merit — and more support\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previously, it took just a single member of the House and one from the Senate to sign off on an electoral objection to send the issue to a potentially days-long debate period with no clear resolution if the two chambers then disagreed with each other on their respective votes on the objection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The previous law also wasn’t clear about what sort of questions could motivate a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ECRA, however, significantly raises the bar on objections to election results (which have already been certified by each individual state). Now, an objection is only valid if it is signed by one-fifth of each chamber of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the law significantly narrows the reasons a lawmaker may object to results, essentially making clear that partisan differences over election policies in a certain state aren’t a valid reason to object to the state’s results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside tag='politics' label='More Politics Coverage']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before 2020, which saw \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/insurrection-at-the-capitol/2021/01/07/954380156/here-are-the-republicans-who-objected-to-the-electoral-college-count\">more than 100 Republican\u003c/a> members of the House and Senate object to the results in response to Trump’s false claims, objections had started to become \u003ca href=\"https://www.news-leader.com/story/news/politics/2021/01/05/past-objections-electoral-college-vote-counts-president-trump-josh-hawley/4129641001/\">more common\u003c/a> as the electoral processes in 2000, 2004 and 2016 all involved some element of controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress had started sort of sliding into this practice of having at least some members object to receiving votes from a state because of their disagreements with how the voting process had played out in those states,” Pildes said. “The [ECRA] is designed to put that genie back in the bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pildes added that he thinks the violence last election cycle will also make members of Congress more hesitant to object to results for purely political reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Rep. Jamie Raskin, a Trump foil who served on the Jan. 6 investigative select committee, told NPR he’s proud that Democrats have accepted the 2024 election results, even if certifying Trump as a victor after all his election lies has created “a very frustrating situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that we can feel proud of the fact that despite our profound disappointment and frustration about what happened in the 2024 presidential election, we’re standing by the results,” Raskin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ECRA also clarified that for an objection to be sustained, it requires a majority vote in both the House and the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A clearer role for Harris\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Four years ago, chants of “Hang Mike Pence!” \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/25/trump-expressed-support-hanging-pence-capitol-riot-jan-6-00035117\">rang out\u003c/a> in the Capitol, as then-President Trump told his supporters that the vice president had the power to overturn the will of the voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, legal experts said that wasn’t true, that the vice president’s role in certification, even according to the original Electoral Count Act, was purely ministerial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new ECRA clarified that point even further, saying explicitly that the vice president “shall be limited to performing solely ministerial duties” and that the VP has “no power to solely determine, accept, reject, or otherwise adjudicate or resolve disputes over the proper certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors, the validity of electors, or the votes of electors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vice president’s role in the process will still present an extraordinary moment, as Kamala Harris will oversee the certification of the election in favor of her opponent in the race (as Al Gore did in 2001).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Special Security Event’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12020392\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final change doesn’t have to do with the ECRA but will still be felt throughout the day at the Capitol: heightened security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/blog/our-work-january-6th-attack\">across the U.S. government\u003c/a> have admitted that security on the day of the Capitol riot was not commensurate with the risk of a mass violence event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will not be the case this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, the Department of Homeland Security announced that the counting of electoral votes on Jan. 6 would be designated a “National Special Security Event,” putting it on par with a presidential inauguration and freeing up more federal resources for security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Capitol Police have been carrying out drills with officers from 16 different agencies ahead of Jan. 6, according to \u003ca href=\"https://wjla.com/news/local/january-6-election-certification-united-states-capitol-police-security-preparations-fencing-rapid-response-teams-capitol-riot-washington-dc-public-safety-road-closures-metro-dmv\">WJLA in Washington\u003c/a>, and temporary fencing has also gone up around the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The biggest difference between Jan. 6, 2025, and Jan. 6, 2021, will be obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of falsely claiming he won the election in a speech two miles from the U.S. Capitol, stoking a mob of his supporters to violently disrupt the counting of electoral votes, Donald Trump will be certified the winner by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change has radically impacted all aspects of the post-election period. Election officials say their offices \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/13/1212604201/politics-what-is-next-for-the-election-denial-movement\">aren’t getting the same nasty phone calls\u003c/a>. Surveys find that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/06/nx-s1-5217819/republican-election-confidence-trump-pew-poll\">majority of Americans trust the results\u003c/a>. But there may be no greater contrast this cycle than during the proceedings on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“January 6th is the date, if there is one date, at which we witness the peaceful transfer of power in the United States,” said Rick Pildes, an election law expert at New York University. “In many ways, it is the most important moment of democracy. … And of course, this Jan. 6, in the background, will be the resonances of what happened in [the wake of the] 2020 [election].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, experts expect the certification at the Capitol to return to what it looked like before 2020: a simple bureaucratic step that makes a result that Americans have long known official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there will be subtle ways this year’s proceedings will be different, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the chaos four years ago, Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/22/1139951463/electoral-count-act-reform-passes\">passed new rules\u003c/a> to govern and clarify the presidential certification process. After the last election, Trump’s legal team had attempted to exploit the previous framework, which legal experts had widely considered to be full of ambiguities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very badly drafted,” said Pildes, who was one of the \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RickPildes/status/1869042594849976363\">key legal voices\u003c/a> advising a bipartisan group of lawmakers as they crafted the update, known as the Electoral Count Reform Act (ECRA). “The one thing you want in a legal framework for resolving a disputed election — and this is true of any election, but especially the presidential election — you want a clear legal framework that’s established in advance so that it can’t be manipulated for partisan purposes at the moment of crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first presidential election to be certified under the new law, which also \u003ca href=\"https://campaignlegal.org/document/electoral-count-reform-act-implementation\">clarified\u003c/a> how states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/17/nx-s1-5225588/trump-electoral-college-vote-nevada-fake-electors-michigan\">finalized their results\u003c/a> in December. Here are some of the key changes that will affect Monday’s proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Objections need merit — and more support\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previously, it took just a single member of the House and one from the Senate to sign off on an electoral objection to send the issue to a potentially days-long debate period with no clear resolution if the two chambers then disagreed with each other on their respective votes on the objection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The previous law also wasn’t clear about what sort of questions could motivate a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ECRA, however, significantly raises the bar on objections to election results (which have already been certified by each individual state). Now, an objection is only valid if it is signed by one-fifth of each chamber of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the law significantly narrows the reasons a lawmaker may object to results, essentially making clear that partisan differences over election policies in a certain state aren’t a valid reason to object to the state’s results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before 2020, which saw \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/insurrection-at-the-capitol/2021/01/07/954380156/here-are-the-republicans-who-objected-to-the-electoral-college-count\">more than 100 Republican\u003c/a> members of the House and Senate object to the results in response to Trump’s false claims, objections had started to become \u003ca href=\"https://www.news-leader.com/story/news/politics/2021/01/05/past-objections-electoral-college-vote-counts-president-trump-josh-hawley/4129641001/\">more common\u003c/a> as the electoral processes in 2000, 2004 and 2016 all involved some element of controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress had started sort of sliding into this practice of having at least some members object to receiving votes from a state because of their disagreements with how the voting process had played out in those states,” Pildes said. “The [ECRA] is designed to put that genie back in the bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pildes added that he thinks the violence last election cycle will also make members of Congress more hesitant to object to results for purely political reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Rep. Jamie Raskin, a Trump foil who served on the Jan. 6 investigative select committee, told NPR he’s proud that Democrats have accepted the 2024 election results, even if certifying Trump as a victor after all his election lies has created “a very frustrating situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that we can feel proud of the fact that despite our profound disappointment and frustration about what happened in the 2024 presidential election, we’re standing by the results,” Raskin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ECRA also clarified that for an objection to be sustained, it requires a majority vote in both the House and the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A clearer role for Harris\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Four years ago, chants of “Hang Mike Pence!” \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/25/trump-expressed-support-hanging-pence-capitol-riot-jan-6-00035117\">rang out\u003c/a> in the Capitol, as then-President Trump told his supporters that the vice president had the power to overturn the will of the voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, legal experts said that wasn’t true, that the vice president’s role in certification, even according to the original Electoral Count Act, was purely ministerial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new ECRA clarified that point even further, saying explicitly that the vice president “shall be limited to performing solely ministerial duties” and that the VP has “no power to solely determine, accept, reject, or otherwise adjudicate or resolve disputes over the proper certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors, the validity of electors, or the votes of electors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vice president’s role in the process will still present an extraordinary moment, as Kamala Harris will oversee the certification of the election in favor of her opponent in the race (as Al Gore did in 2001).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Special Security Event’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12020392\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/USCapital250106-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final change doesn’t have to do with the ECRA but will still be felt throughout the day at the Capitol: heightened security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/blog/our-work-january-6th-attack\">across the U.S. government\u003c/a> have admitted that security on the day of the Capitol riot was not commensurate with the risk of a mass violence event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will not be the case this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, the Department of Homeland Security announced that the counting of electoral votes on Jan. 6 would be designated a “National Special Security Event,” putting it on par with a presidential inauguration and freeing up more federal resources for security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Capitol Police have been carrying out drills with officers from 16 different agencies ahead of Jan. 6, according to \u003ca href=\"https://wjla.com/news/local/january-6-election-certification-united-states-capitol-police-security-preparations-fencing-rapid-response-teams-capitol-riot-washington-dc-public-safety-road-closures-metro-dmv\">WJLA in Washington\u003c/a>, and temporary fencing has also gone up around the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Jimmy Carter will be honored with a state funeral before being laid to rest in his hometown of Plains, Georiga — buried next to his wife, Rosalynn, beside a willow tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter, the 39th president of the United States, died in Plains on Sunday at age 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/29/432214948/carters-single-white-house-term-controversy\">president from 1977 to 1981\u003c/a>, but he was perhaps more famous for the life he led after leaving office. Carter was one of the biggest advocates for peace, democracy and international human rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/about/experts/jimmy_carter.html\">James “Jimmy” Earl Carter Jr.\u003c/a> was born on Oct. 1, 1924, and spent his childhood on a farm just outside Plains, a tiny southwest Georgia community. His father was a peanut farmer; his mother, “Miss Lillian,” was a nurse. He was the first president of the United States to be born in a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other than Jimmy Carter, no person from the Deep South since the American Civil War had been elected president,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/about/experts/steven_hochman.html\">Steven Hochman\u003c/a>, a longtime assistant to the former president who works for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/\">Carter Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jimmy who?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Growing up on the farm, Carter learned the value of hard work and determination. He qualified for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usna.edu/Notables/featured/01carter.php\">U.S. Naval Academy\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/people/presidents/carter.html\">became an engineer, working on submarines\u003c/a>. However, Carter resigned from the Navy in 1953 after his father died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Plains, he was elected to the Georgia Senate and became the first Georgia governor to \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=olMEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA30#v=onepage&q&f=false\">speak out against racial discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lifelong Democrat like most Southerners at the time, Carter was a political unknown when he began a national campaign in 1974 and was first referred to as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?409401-1/jimmy-who#\">Jimmy Who?\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a grassroots effort changed that, Hochman said. “He would campaign on the street corners and go to radio stations. Nobody knew who he was except that he was running for president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter’s friends and family from Georgia, called \u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/story/jimmy-carter-the-peanut-brigade-and-the-%E2%80%9876-democratic-primaries-jimmy-carter-presidential-library-and-museum/ggWh7kJQcQQ-LQ?hl=en\">the Peanut Brigade\u003c/a>, traveled to New Hampshire, Iowa, and all over the country, talking to voters and campaigning for Carter, the dependable Southerner who wanted to be president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019963\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1308\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-800x654.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-1020x834.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-160x131.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-1536x1256.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter greets a young supporter as he arrives in Manchester, N.H., on Aug. 3, 1976. Carter was in New Hampshire for a rally and fundraising events. \u003ccite>(Peter Bregg/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Carter told audiences, “I’ll never tell a lie. I’ll never make a misleading statement. I’ll never betray the trust of those who have confidence in me, and I will never avoid a controversial issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter was elected when the mood of the country was bitter and cynical in the wake of the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal. The man from Georgia struck out on a different course on his inauguration day: Carter and his wife, Rosalynn Carter, stepped out of the bulletproof limousine and walked to the White House to demonstrate their connection with the American people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was mainly an attempt to draw a distinction between what he saw as the people’s presidency and the more imperial presidency of Richard Nixon,” said historian Dan Carter (no relation to Jimmy Carter).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Carter White House\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Among Jimmy Carter’s accomplishments were the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/research/additional-resources/camp-david-accords/camp-david-accords-after-twenty-five-years\">Camp David Accords\u003c/a>, which brought together the prime minister of Israel and the president of Egypt in 1978. They signed peace agreements on the White House lawn, and Carter spoke about the dedication and determination of the leaders who had been enemies for so many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The accords led to a peace treaty, but the relationship between the two Mideast countries remained tenuous. While in office, Carter also worked on the \u003ca href=\"https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/salt\">SALT II nuclear weapons agreement\u003c/a> and signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/the-panama-canal-the-ratification-of-the-carter-torrijos-treaties.htm\">Panama Canal treaties\u003c/a>, giving control of the canal to Panama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Carter’s most difficult challenge was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/research/hostage_crisis_in_iran\">Iran hostage crisis\u003c/a>. Militants stormed the U.S. Embassy in Iran in 1979 and took dozens of Americans hostage. People were glued to reports on the crisis for more than a year, as Carter continued to negotiate for the release of the hostages. In 1980, a failed rescue attempt led to the deaths of eight American servicepeople.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration also battled domestic problems, including an energy crisis and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/29/1001023637/think-inflation-is-bad-now-lets-take-a-step-back-to-the-1970s\">double-digit inflation\u003c/a>. Carter held a series of meetings among his Cabinet members that resulted in a blunt television address in 1979 that came to be known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106508243\">“malaise” speech\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that the true problems of our nation are much deeper — deeper than gasoline lines or energy shortages, deeper even than inflation or recession. And I realize more than ever that as president, I need your help,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?153917-1/president-carter-address-crisis-confidence\">Carter pleaded\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter established a federal energy policy. He created the departments of Energy and Education. Still, he lost his bid for reelection by a landslide to Republican Ronald Reagan. And it wasn’t until moments after Reagan was sworn in as president on Jan. 20, 1981, that the 52 remaining hostages were released. Carter was allowed to welcome them home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had received word officially for the first time that the aircraft carrying the 52 American hostages had cleared Iranian airspace on the first leg of the journey home and that every one of the 52 hostages was alive, was well and free,” Carter said as his voice broke.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Life after Washington\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After leaving office, Carter became dedicated to promoting democracy, monitoring elections, building homes with Habitat for Humanity and eradicating disease in some of the world’s poorest countries. In 1982, the president and his wife opened the Carter Center in Atlanta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15051264\">interview with NPR in 2007\u003c/a>, Carter talked about his experiences. “And for the last 25 years, my life could not have been more expansive and unpredictable and adventurous and gratifying,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2002, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/carter/facts/\">Carter won the Nobel Peace Prize\u003c/a>, an honor some said he had earned a quarter century earlier when he negotiated the Camp David Accords. He ended his acceptance speech with a plea for peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“War may sometimes be a necessary evil, but no matter how necessary, it is always evil, never a good. We will not learn how to live together in peace by killing each other’s children,” Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former president continued international peace missions throughout his lifetime, meeting with the leaders of countries that some U.S. presidents refused to acknowledge, including North Korea, Nicaragua and Cuba. In 2008, he met with the exiled leader of the militant Islamist group Hamas, despite harsh criticism from the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019964\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and other members of the Elders group attend a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in Moscow in April 2015. The Elders group comprises global leaders who advocate for peace, justice and human rights — goals that Carter spent a lifetime pursuing after leaving the presidency. \u003ccite>(Vasily Maximov/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Historian Dan Carter said that the former president did prove to be a kind of honest broker for peace in many cases and that as Jimmy Carter grew older, he was less afraid of speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And his meeting with Hamas, sure, it was a provocative thing, but he felt it was the right thing to do,” said Dan Carter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimmy Carter wrote more than 20 books, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/7004473\">most controversial titled \u003cem>Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. He was a religious man, attending a Baptist church and teaching Bible school for many years. And he was a statesman — hardworking and plain talking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carter Center’s Hochman said the 39th president was one of the most remarkable leaders in U.S. history. “I think he’ll be remembered as a champion of human rights and peace, both as president and as a former president,” Hochman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter entered \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/18/1158166497/jimmy-carter-enters-hospice-care\">hospice care\u003c/a> in February 2023. The longest-lived former president had suffered from a series of health challenges in recent years, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/12/06/458680791/former-president-jimmy-carter-says-he-is-cancer-free\">surviving cancer\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/13/722948126/former-president-jimmy-carter-suffers-broken-hip\">broken hip\u003c/a> and other recent hospitalizations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/22/772197032/jimmy-carter-fractures-pelvis-is-hospitalized-after-fall\">a fractured pelvis\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/04/784862723/former-president-jimmy-carter-discharged-from-hospital\">a urinary tract infection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and Rosalynn celebrated their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1214151967/rosalynn-jimmy-carter-marriage-77-years\">77th wedding anniversary\u003c/a> in 2023, a few months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/19/1019825478/former-first-lady-rosalynn-carter-dies\">she died at the age of 96\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter’s wishes were to be buried next to Rosalynn in his hometown of Plains, Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jimmy Carter will be honored with a state funeral before being laid to rest in his hometown of Plains, Georiga — buried next to his wife, Rosalynn, beside a willow tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter, the 39th president of the United States, died in Plains on Sunday at age 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/29/432214948/carters-single-white-house-term-controversy\">president from 1977 to 1981\u003c/a>, but he was perhaps more famous for the life he led after leaving office. Carter was one of the biggest advocates for peace, democracy and international human rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/about/experts/jimmy_carter.html\">James “Jimmy” Earl Carter Jr.\u003c/a> was born on Oct. 1, 1924, and spent his childhood on a farm just outside Plains, a tiny southwest Georgia community. His father was a peanut farmer; his mother, “Miss Lillian,” was a nurse. He was the first president of the United States to be born in a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other than Jimmy Carter, no person from the Deep South since the American Civil War had been elected president,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/about/experts/steven_hochman.html\">Steven Hochman\u003c/a>, a longtime assistant to the former president who works for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cartercenter.org/\">Carter Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jimmy who?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Growing up on the farm, Carter learned the value of hard work and determination. He qualified for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usna.edu/Notables/featured/01carter.php\">U.S. Naval Academy\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/people/presidents/carter.html\">became an engineer, working on submarines\u003c/a>. However, Carter resigned from the Navy in 1953 after his father died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Plains, he was elected to the Georgia Senate and became the first Georgia governor to \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=olMEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA30#v=onepage&q&f=false\">speak out against racial discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lifelong Democrat like most Southerners at the time, Carter was a political unknown when he began a national campaign in 1974 and was first referred to as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?409401-1/jimmy-who#\">Jimmy Who?\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a grassroots effort changed that, Hochman said. “He would campaign on the street corners and go to radio stations. Nobody knew who he was except that he was running for president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter’s friends and family from Georgia, called \u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/story/jimmy-carter-the-peanut-brigade-and-the-%E2%80%9876-democratic-primaries-jimmy-carter-presidential-library-and-museum/ggWh7kJQcQQ-LQ?hl=en\">the Peanut Brigade\u003c/a>, traveled to New Hampshire, Iowa, and all over the country, talking to voters and campaigning for Carter, the dependable Southerner who wanted to be president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019963\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1308\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-800x654.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-1020x834.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-160x131.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/ap760803099_custom-fb750d79fbf96ef75629e3d49c66171baf3b12d8-copy-1536x1256.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter greets a young supporter as he arrives in Manchester, N.H., on Aug. 3, 1976. Carter was in New Hampshire for a rally and fundraising events. \u003ccite>(Peter Bregg/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Carter told audiences, “I’ll never tell a lie. I’ll never make a misleading statement. I’ll never betray the trust of those who have confidence in me, and I will never avoid a controversial issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter was elected when the mood of the country was bitter and cynical in the wake of the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal. The man from Georgia struck out on a different course on his inauguration day: Carter and his wife, Rosalynn Carter, stepped out of the bulletproof limousine and walked to the White House to demonstrate their connection with the American people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was mainly an attempt to draw a distinction between what he saw as the people’s presidency and the more imperial presidency of Richard Nixon,” said historian Dan Carter (no relation to Jimmy Carter).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Carter White House\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Among Jimmy Carter’s accomplishments were the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/research/additional-resources/camp-david-accords/camp-david-accords-after-twenty-five-years\">Camp David Accords\u003c/a>, which brought together the prime minister of Israel and the president of Egypt in 1978. They signed peace agreements on the White House lawn, and Carter spoke about the dedication and determination of the leaders who had been enemies for so many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The accords led to a peace treaty, but the relationship between the two Mideast countries remained tenuous. While in office, Carter also worked on the \u003ca href=\"https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/salt\">SALT II nuclear weapons agreement\u003c/a> and signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/the-panama-canal-the-ratification-of-the-carter-torrijos-treaties.htm\">Panama Canal treaties\u003c/a>, giving control of the canal to Panama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Carter’s most difficult challenge was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/research/hostage_crisis_in_iran\">Iran hostage crisis\u003c/a>. Militants stormed the U.S. Embassy in Iran in 1979 and took dozens of Americans hostage. People were glued to reports on the crisis for more than a year, as Carter continued to negotiate for the release of the hostages. In 1980, a failed rescue attempt led to the deaths of eight American servicepeople.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration also battled domestic problems, including an energy crisis and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/29/1001023637/think-inflation-is-bad-now-lets-take-a-step-back-to-the-1970s\">double-digit inflation\u003c/a>. Carter held a series of meetings among his Cabinet members that resulted in a blunt television address in 1979 that came to be known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106508243\">“malaise” speech\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that the true problems of our nation are much deeper — deeper than gasoline lines or energy shortages, deeper even than inflation or recession. And I realize more than ever that as president, I need your help,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?153917-1/president-carter-address-crisis-confidence\">Carter pleaded\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter established a federal energy policy. He created the departments of Energy and Education. Still, he lost his bid for reelection by a landslide to Republican Ronald Reagan. And it wasn’t until moments after Reagan was sworn in as president on Jan. 20, 1981, that the 52 remaining hostages were released. Carter was allowed to welcome them home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had received word officially for the first time that the aircraft carrying the 52 American hostages had cleared Iranian airspace on the first leg of the journey home and that every one of the 52 hostages was alive, was well and free,” Carter said as his voice broke.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Life after Washington\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After leaving office, Carter became dedicated to promoting democracy, monitoring elections, building homes with Habitat for Humanity and eradicating disease in some of the world’s poorest countries. In 1982, the president and his wife opened the Carter Center in Atlanta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15051264\">interview with NPR in 2007\u003c/a>, Carter talked about his experiences. “And for the last 25 years, my life could not have been more expansive and unpredictable and adventurous and gratifying,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2002, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/carter/facts/\">Carter won the Nobel Peace Prize\u003c/a>, an honor some said he had earned a quarter century earlier when he negotiated the Camp David Accords. He ended his acceptance speech with a plea for peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“War may sometimes be a necessary evil, but no matter how necessary, it is always evil, never a good. We will not learn how to live together in peace by killing each other’s children,” Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former president continued international peace missions throughout his lifetime, meeting with the leaders of countries that some U.S. presidents refused to acknowledge, including North Korea, Nicaragua and Cuba. In 2008, he met with the exiled leader of the militant Islamist group Hamas, despite harsh criticism from the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019964\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/carter-russia-getty_custom-ab3c50bbf469aec4125be388bfbb8aabba9c3048-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and other members of the Elders group attend a meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in Moscow in April 2015. The Elders group comprises global leaders who advocate for peace, justice and human rights — goals that Carter spent a lifetime pursuing after leaving the presidency. \u003ccite>(Vasily Maximov/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Historian Dan Carter said that the former president did prove to be a kind of honest broker for peace in many cases and that as Jimmy Carter grew older, he was less afraid of speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And his meeting with Hamas, sure, it was a provocative thing, but he felt it was the right thing to do,” said Dan Carter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimmy Carter wrote more than 20 books, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/7004473\">most controversial titled \u003cem>Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. He was a religious man, attending a Baptist church and teaching Bible school for many years. And he was a statesman — hardworking and plain talking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carter Center’s Hochman said the 39th president was one of the most remarkable leaders in U.S. history. “I think he’ll be remembered as a champion of human rights and peace, both as president and as a former president,” Hochman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter entered \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/18/1158166497/jimmy-carter-enters-hospice-care\">hospice care\u003c/a> in February 2023. The longest-lived former president had suffered from a series of health challenges in recent years, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/12/06/458680791/former-president-jimmy-carter-says-he-is-cancer-free\">surviving cancer\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/13/722948126/former-president-jimmy-carter-suffers-broken-hip\">broken hip\u003c/a> and other recent hospitalizations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/10/22/772197032/jimmy-carter-fractures-pelvis-is-hospitalized-after-fall\">a fractured pelvis\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/04/784862723/former-president-jimmy-carter-discharged-from-hospital\">a urinary tract infection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and Rosalynn celebrated their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1214151967/rosalynn-jimmy-carter-marriage-77-years\">77th wedding anniversary\u003c/a> in 2023, a few months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/19/1019825478/former-first-lady-rosalynn-carter-dies\">she died at the age of 96\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter’s wishes were to be buried next to Rosalynn in his hometown of Plains, Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "6 Questions on Microplastics Scientists Are Trying to Answer",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s a disturbing thought: At this very moment, tiny crumbs of plastic are trickling through our bodies, a parade of unwelcome houseguests ready to take up residence in some tissue or organ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wave of new studies has come out recently, and each one seems to paint an ever more vivid picture of how microplastics — and their smaller counterparts, nanoplastics — have infiltrated the \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11342020/\">deepest corners\u003c/a> of our anatomy. The \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35364151/\">lungs\u003c/a>, liver and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.2c07179\">heart\u003c/a>, guts and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11406405/\">brain\u003c/a>, even the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/05/22/1252831827/microplastics-testicles-humans-health\">testicles\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://hsc.unm.edu/news/2024/02/hsc-newsroom-post-microplastics.html\">placenta\u003c/a> — nothing seems to be spared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outpouring of research has brought enormous visibility to how these fragments permeate our daily lives. Long studied in oceans, waterways and marine life, researchers have now shifted focus to human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, \u003ca href=\"https://momentummicroplastics.nl/about-us/participants/heather-leslie/\">Heather Leslie\u003c/a> could scarcely find anyone to fund her work in this area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seemed like nobody wanted to touch it,” says Leslie, a microplastics researcher in the Netherlands whose team was the \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35367073/\">first to detect these particles\u003c/a> in the human bloodstream several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the work has gained momentum, so have questions about the damage microplastics could be doing inside of us. Researchers tend to be wary about making pronouncements because the field is still in a “pioneering phase,” as Leslie put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adl2746\">undoubtedly concerns\u003c/a>. Some of the strongest evidence comes from lab studies using animals as well as what’s already known about the damaging effects of chemicals added to plastics. A review of the \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c09524\">data published\u003c/a> Wednesday concludes that microplastics are “suspected” to harm human reproductive, digestive and respiratory health, with a possible link to colon and lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a signal that we should be acting now,” says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/tracey.woodruff\">Tracey Woodruff\u003c/a>, a senior author on the study who directs the Program on Reproductive Health & the Environment at the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/users/susanne-brander\">Susanne Brander\u003c/a>, an ecotoxicologist at Oregon State University, says it’s not helpful to “elicit a gigantic state of alarm,” but she agrees that we already know enough about the health risks to push for substantive changes, including \u003ca href=\"https://environment.ec.europa.eu/news/eu-regrets-inconclusive-global-plastics-treaty-2024-12-02_en#:~:text=EU%20regrets%20lack%20of%20conclusion,failed%20to%20reach%20an%20agreement.&text=The%20EU%20regrets%20that%20the,yesterday%20in%20Busan%2C%20South%20Korea.\">a global agreement\u003c/a> to curb the rising production of plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they push to solve the puzzle of microplastics, here are six questions scientists are trying to answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019242\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scraps of plastic trash have inundated the oceans and waterways. \u003ccite>(Olivier Morin/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>1. Which microplastics are actually in our bodies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Our soil, drinking water and food supply, the air we breathe, all carry microplastics, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/water-research/microplastics-research\">defined as\u003c/a> any plastic particle as small as 1 nanometer and as large as 5 millimeters. Some have built up in the environment over many years, while others arrive daily, as they shed from tires, our clothing, food packaging, personal care products and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plastics are probably one of the largest exposures we experience as humans and it’s been ongoing most of our lives and our parents’ lives,” says \u003ca href=\"https://sph.emory.edu/faculty/profile/index.php?FID=douglas-walker-12628\">Douglas Walker\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental health at Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These particles are endlessly varied, making them challenging to study. Their size and shape, the type of polymer and the chemical makeup can all have consequences for how they accumulate in our bodies and the potential health effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one microplastic represents an “analytical nightmare,” says Leslie. “So it’s really hard to make statements over such a broad range of contaminants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker says scientists are still sorting out how to accurately measure microplastics in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The particles that tend to be studied in lab experiments often don’t reflect the weathered debris that ends up inside us; labs use a variety of approaches, making it hard to tie together the findings from different studies; and despite advances in technology, detecting the tiniest pieces remains technically difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would imagine we’re underestimating nanoplastics across the board, including in human tissues,” says Brander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hsc.unm.edu/directory/campen-matthew-j.html\">Matthew Campen\u003c/a>, whose team has found plastic in a variety of organs, says these can resemble “shard-like, stabby things,” which, in some cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ciel.org/breathing-plastic-the-health-impacts-of-invisible-plastics-in-the-air/\">are smaller than a virus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You realize, wait a minute, you could fit a lot of these inside even a single cell,” says Campen, who researches environmental health and toxicology at the University of New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists can isolate microplastics, pull them out of human tissue and take pictures, but seeing where they are inside the body remains a real “struggle,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the caveats, Campen says the new studies showing microplastics in tissue should be viewed as “linchpins” that will push the field forward. “We need an all-hands-on-deck approach,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Once inside of us, do they ever leave?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine being transported to a plastic-free paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How long do you suppose it would take for all those tiny shards to exit your system? Would they ever?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This thought experiment can’t be replicated in the real world, since plastic pollution is so ubiquitous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In essence, Leslie says all of us are being “microdosed” with microplastics around the clock, so there’s no way to systematically track how much is coming and going. Even if our bodies are doing an admirable job at clearing out this debris, the constant exposure could make it look like a losing battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research finds microplastics in our stool and urine. And \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.pt/citations?user=tSX0Bi8AAAAJ&hl=en\">Joana Prata\u003c/a> says her review of animal data suggests that, in principle, most of what we ingest or inhale will leave the body during a trip to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only a small portion gets absorbed,” says Prata, an auxiliary professor at the University Institute of Health Sciences — CESPU in Portugal. “There’s still a lot of uncertainty,” because the evidence doesn’t necessarily reflect the complexities of real-world microplastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campen says you don’t see a correlation between age and the concentration of microplastics in human tissue. In other words, it doesn’t appear to endlessly accumulate inside us. It’s possible that our bodies may reach some sort of “equilibrium” based on how much is around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have enough data,” he says, “but [our work] suggests there’s a very rapid time to saturation — you do hit a limit and eventually you’re clearing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969723034630?via%3Dihub\">study of Zebrafish\u003c/a> (sometimes used in biomedical research) found the uptake of microplastics did plateau at a certain point and levels decreased when the animals weren’t being exposed. The problem is the saturation point went up proportionally to how much the animals were exposed to, says Campen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s basically where we are right now,” says Campen. “Our environmental exposure keeps going up because we’re doing nothing to stop it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019245\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019245\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1058\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-1536x1016.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Examples of plastic trash found on the shore of the Thames Estuary in 2018 in Rainham, Kent. Once in the environment, plastic gradually degrades into smaller and smaller microplastics, which can find their way into the food chain and the air we breathe. \u003ccite>(Dan Kitwood/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>3. What do microplastics do once they get inside our bodies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Instead of passing through us, some particles move across the thin membrane lining our gut and eventually find their way into the bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Size makes a big difference here, Prata says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The larger particle will be less likely to cross the biological barrier, but we cannot say that it will never cross,” she says. “You can just say it’s less probable. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brander says there’s still debate about the exact size cutoff, in part because that can also depend on the shape of the particle. For example, a long skinny microfiber might be able to sneak through the barrier in our gut more easily than other pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airborne plastics — particularly common indoors — can also be inhaled. Larger particles are expected to be filtered out to some extent, perhaps snagged in our nose or coughed up. Only the most “ultrafine” pieces will reach the deepest parts of the lungs where they can enter the circulatory system, says Leslie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once absorbed into our bloodstream, microplastics and nanoplastics tend to be quickly coated in proteins and fats, creating a corona, or crown-like appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then it’s essentially going on a trip around your body,” Leslie says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their exact itinerary remains unclear. But Brander says research on animals has long shown that microplastics can move all over. The same is probably true for humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These foreign travelers seem to find a home in many organs, as well as bodily fluids like \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2700\">breast milk\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38802004/\">semen\u003c/a>. They can \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10141840/\">even cross\u003c/a> the blood-brain barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very unlikely that they’re actually metabolized into anything because these are solid particles,” says Walker. “So they would be difficult to break down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our immune system \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/490794220\">can’t dispatch\u003c/a> these bits of plastic as it would other foreign invaders like bacteria. Immune cells, known as macrophages, will release enzymes that do their best to attack these particles, but the “plastic doesn’t mind at all,” says Leslie. “It remains intact and becomes like a stubborn opponent for your immune system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether microplastics pile up in certain organs more than others remains a big unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campen and his team suspect the liver is on the “frontline,” doing its best to deal with this debris and push it back into the gut with digestive fluids. Their hypothesis is that smaller plastics like nanoplastics slip through the cracks and are repackaged with fats and circulated throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \u003cem>could\u003c/em> mean that microplastics build up in organs with greater energy needs, such as the brain, where Campen’s \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38765967/\">lab has documented\u003c/a> higher concentrations than in other organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019246\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic trash gradually degrades into tiny particles that spread around the environment and ultimately into human bodies. \u003ccite>(Alistair Berg/Digital Vision/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>4. Are they harming us?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists don’t have definitive answers yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans encounter many pollutants over our lifetime. And given that researchers are still sorting out the best models for analyzing microplastics, many are cautious not to get ahead of the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, several recent studies have raised troubling warning signs. They’ve shown associations — not a direct causal link — between the accumulation of microplastics and health problems in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One that gained attention \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2309822\">earlier this year came\u003c/a> from Italian researchers who found that people with microplastics in the plaques in their arteries were more likely to have a heart attack, stroke or to die. Some small studies have found higher levels in people with \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34935363/\">inflammatory bowel disease\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35835713/\">liver disease\u003c/a>. The review published this week from UCSF also included observational research linking microplastics to reproductive health and chronic sinusitis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the concern comes from lab studies involving animals or cell lines — scientists observed toxic effects of microplastics on the cellular and molecular levels. The “next puzzle piece” is now to figure out how this research translates to health outcomes for an individual or a whole population, says Leslie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brander points to evidence that microplastics \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11117644/\">lead to oxidative stress,\u003c/a> which can damage proteins and genetic materials, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405665024000702\">spark inflammation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that’s happening in fish and in rodents in experiments that are being peer-reviewed and published, it’s probably happening in us too,” says Brander. “We just haven’t demonstrated it yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This body of research suggests fertility problems, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389424006332\">neurological diseases\u003c/a>, harms to metabolism and the immune system, and changes that signal increased risk of cancer, among other effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are potential effects because of the mechanisms we know about,” says Prata.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can only extrapolate so much from these studies. For example, the doses given to animals in a lab may be much larger than what humans are ingesting and may not reflect the “wild” microplastics we encounter in our daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of clear data, Leslie says it can be tempting to make microplastics the “culprit for every disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to get to the truth of the matter,” she says. “I have the feeling that sometimes we might be blaming plastics for things that they shouldn’t be blamed for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the UCSF analysis, the suggested link with cancer was mostly based on animal research, but Woodruff says this is “standard” for identifying cancer risks and can still be considered high-quality evidence. “In the field of environmental health, when we have concerning signals, we should be concerned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019247\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019247\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastics and micro plastics of different shapes and colors are laid on the fine sand of the Grand Crohot beach in Lege-Cap-Ferret in New Aquitaine in France on April 29, 2019. \u003ccite>(Vincent Feuray/Hans Lucas/Hans Lucas via AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>5. What about the chemicals in plastics — are they hazardous?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chemicals added to plastics represent another threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these can mess with hormones, affect reproductive health, increase the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\">risk of some cancers\u003c/a> and cause \u003ca href=\"https://environment.ec.europa.eu/news/exposure-chemicals-plastic-and-other-sources-possible-causal-factor-obesity-2022-11-30_en\">metabolic problems\u003c/a> like obesity, among other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phthalates and bisphenol A, or BPA, are two of the most well-studied examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PFAS, also known as “forever chemicals,” are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/04/10/1243775736/epa-pfas-forever-chemicals-drinking-water-limits\">also gaining attention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Brander says there are more than 16,000 \u003ca href=\"https://ikhapp.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/SCEPT_Policy_Brief_chemicals_polymers_of_concern_en.pdf\">chemicals used or found in plastics\u003c/a>, about a quarter of which are known to be “hazardous” and many of the others are not well studied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s s\u003cem>ubstantial\u003c/em> evidence that many of these chemicals cause disease,” says Brander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists worry microplastics could potentially act as “as long-term sources of plastic-related chemicals in your body,” says Walker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the uncertainties, Brander believes there’s enough evidence to take collective action to limit our exposure to microplastics, both in our lives and on a policy level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019248\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019248\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists say we can reduce our exposure to microplastics to some extent by avoiding single-use plastic and plastic food packaging, among other measures. \u003ccite>(Peter Dazeley/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>6. How can we reduce our exposure to microplastics?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still investigating the biggest sources of microplastics in our daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ideally, the task of reducing your exposure shouldn’t fall entirely on the individual. But the fact is policy changes — such as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/03/nx-s1-5214556/more-than-150-countries-failed-to-agree-on-a-plan-to-cut-plastic-pollution\">global plastics treaty\u003c/a> — aren’t going to happen overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So here’s how you can get started in reducing your own exposure: Eliminate single-use plastic as much as you can, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2024/12/01/single-use-plastics-reuse-risk/\">don’t reuse these items\u003c/a>. Cut back on foods that come in plastic packaging or cans that have plastic linings. \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-023-25433-7\">Aim for shorter\u003c/a> dishwasher cycles, with fewer plastic items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never cook your food in plastic,” says Brander. “The heat will drive those particles and more of those chemicals into your food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sadly, this applies to your to-go cup of coffee, which is often lined with polyethylene. When possible, buy cleaning products, both for your household and hygiene, that don’t come in plastic containers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider investing in a \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10054062/\">filter for tap water\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our clothing can also shed a lot of microplastics, which is why Leslie tries to wear fabrics like wool and linen. When you have a choice, avoid synthetic materials in your rugs and furniture, too. Dust can carry microplastics, which you may breathe in. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026974912201171X?via%3Dihub\">Research suggests\u003c/a> vacuuming can help limit what’s in your house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concentration of these particles \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-023-00634-x\">indoors is greater\u003c/a> than outdoors, so try to keep windows open and improve ventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie’s philosophy? There’s only so much you can control, so “don’t feel guilty” about using plastics — just try to limit your use when possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just experiment with saying no to what you don’t want,” she says. “The resistance to plastic pollution is in our noncompliance. I’m going to keep on doing just that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Plastic particles are found in our organs, blood and even semen. But do they stay in us forever? What damage are they doing? Here are the questions scientists are working to answer.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s a disturbing thought: At this very moment, tiny crumbs of plastic are trickling through our bodies, a parade of unwelcome houseguests ready to take up residence in some tissue or organ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wave of new studies has come out recently, and each one seems to paint an ever more vivid picture of how microplastics — and their smaller counterparts, nanoplastics — have infiltrated the \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11342020/\">deepest corners\u003c/a> of our anatomy. The \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35364151/\">lungs\u003c/a>, liver and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.est.2c07179\">heart\u003c/a>, guts and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11406405/\">brain\u003c/a>, even the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/05/22/1252831827/microplastics-testicles-humans-health\">testicles\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://hsc.unm.edu/news/2024/02/hsc-newsroom-post-microplastics.html\">placenta\u003c/a> — nothing seems to be spared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outpouring of research has brought enormous visibility to how these fragments permeate our daily lives. Long studied in oceans, waterways and marine life, researchers have now shifted focus to human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, \u003ca href=\"https://momentummicroplastics.nl/about-us/participants/heather-leslie/\">Heather Leslie\u003c/a> could scarcely find anyone to fund her work in this area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seemed like nobody wanted to touch it,” says Leslie, a microplastics researcher in the Netherlands whose team was the \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35367073/\">first to detect these particles\u003c/a> in the human bloodstream several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the work has gained momentum, so have questions about the damage microplastics could be doing inside of us. Researchers tend to be wary about making pronouncements because the field is still in a “pioneering phase,” as Leslie put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adl2746\">undoubtedly concerns\u003c/a>. Some of the strongest evidence comes from lab studies using animals as well as what’s already known about the damaging effects of chemicals added to plastics. A review of the \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c09524\">data published\u003c/a> Wednesday concludes that microplastics are “suspected” to harm human reproductive, digestive and respiratory health, with a possible link to colon and lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a signal that we should be acting now,” says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/tracey.woodruff\">Tracey Woodruff\u003c/a>, a senior author on the study who directs the Program on Reproductive Health & the Environment at the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/users/susanne-brander\">Susanne Brander\u003c/a>, an ecotoxicologist at Oregon State University, says it’s not helpful to “elicit a gigantic state of alarm,” but she agrees that we already know enough about the health risks to push for substantive changes, including \u003ca href=\"https://environment.ec.europa.eu/news/eu-regrets-inconclusive-global-plastics-treaty-2024-12-02_en#:~:text=EU%20regrets%20lack%20of%20conclusion,failed%20to%20reach%20an%20agreement.&text=The%20EU%20regrets%20that%20the,yesterday%20in%20Busan%2C%20South%20Korea.\">a global agreement\u003c/a> to curb the rising production of plastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they push to solve the puzzle of microplastics, here are six questions scientists are trying to answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019242\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_4-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scraps of plastic trash have inundated the oceans and waterways. \u003ccite>(Olivier Morin/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>1. Which microplastics are actually in our bodies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Our soil, drinking water and food supply, the air we breathe, all carry microplastics, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/water-research/microplastics-research\">defined as\u003c/a> any plastic particle as small as 1 nanometer and as large as 5 millimeters. Some have built up in the environment over many years, while others arrive daily, as they shed from tires, our clothing, food packaging, personal care products and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Plastics are probably one of the largest exposures we experience as humans and it’s been ongoing most of our lives and our parents’ lives,” says \u003ca href=\"https://sph.emory.edu/faculty/profile/index.php?FID=douglas-walker-12628\">Douglas Walker\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental health at Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These particles are endlessly varied, making them challenging to study. Their size and shape, the type of polymer and the chemical makeup can all have consequences for how they accumulate in our bodies and the potential health effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one microplastic represents an “analytical nightmare,” says Leslie. “So it’s really hard to make statements over such a broad range of contaminants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker says scientists are still sorting out how to accurately measure microplastics in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The particles that tend to be studied in lab experiments often don’t reflect the weathered debris that ends up inside us; labs use a variety of approaches, making it hard to tie together the findings from different studies; and despite advances in technology, detecting the tiniest pieces remains technically difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would imagine we’re underestimating nanoplastics across the board, including in human tissues,” says Brander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hsc.unm.edu/directory/campen-matthew-j.html\">Matthew Campen\u003c/a>, whose team has found plastic in a variety of organs, says these can resemble “shard-like, stabby things,” which, in some cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ciel.org/breathing-plastic-the-health-impacts-of-invisible-plastics-in-the-air/\">are smaller than a virus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You realize, wait a minute, you could fit a lot of these inside even a single cell,” says Campen, who researches environmental health and toxicology at the University of New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists can isolate microplastics, pull them out of human tissue and take pictures, but seeing where they are inside the body remains a real “struggle,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the caveats, Campen says the new studies showing microplastics in tissue should be viewed as “linchpins” that will push the field forward. “We need an all-hands-on-deck approach,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Once inside of us, do they ever leave?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine being transported to a plastic-free paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How long do you suppose it would take for all those tiny shards to exit your system? Would they ever?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This thought experiment can’t be replicated in the real world, since plastic pollution is so ubiquitous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In essence, Leslie says all of us are being “microdosed” with microplastics around the clock, so there’s no way to systematically track how much is coming and going. Even if our bodies are doing an admirable job at clearing out this debris, the constant exposure could make it look like a losing battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research finds microplastics in our stool and urine. And \u003ca href=\"https://scholar.google.pt/citations?user=tSX0Bi8AAAAJ&hl=en\">Joana Prata\u003c/a> says her review of animal data suggests that, in principle, most of what we ingest or inhale will leave the body during a trip to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only a small portion gets absorbed,” says Prata, an auxiliary professor at the University Institute of Health Sciences — CESPU in Portugal. “There’s still a lot of uncertainty,” because the evidence doesn’t necessarily reflect the complexities of real-world microplastics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campen says you don’t see a correlation between age and the concentration of microplastics in human tissue. In other words, it doesn’t appear to endlessly accumulate inside us. It’s possible that our bodies may reach some sort of “equilibrium” based on how much is around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have enough data,” he says, “but [our work] suggests there’s a very rapid time to saturation — you do hit a limit and eventually you’re clearing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969723034630?via%3Dihub\">study of Zebrafish\u003c/a> (sometimes used in biomedical research) found the uptake of microplastics did plateau at a certain point and levels decreased when the animals weren’t being exposed. The problem is the saturation point went up proportionally to how much the animals were exposed to, says Campen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s basically where we are right now,” says Campen. “Our environmental exposure keeps going up because we’re doing nothing to stop it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019245\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019245\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1058\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_3-copy-1536x1016.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Examples of plastic trash found on the shore of the Thames Estuary in 2018 in Rainham, Kent. Once in the environment, plastic gradually degrades into smaller and smaller microplastics, which can find their way into the food chain and the air we breathe. \u003ccite>(Dan Kitwood/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>3. What do microplastics do once they get inside our bodies?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Instead of passing through us, some particles move across the thin membrane lining our gut and eventually find their way into the bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Size makes a big difference here, Prata says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The larger particle will be less likely to cross the biological barrier, but we cannot say that it will never cross,” she says. “You can just say it’s less probable. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brander says there’s still debate about the exact size cutoff, in part because that can also depend on the shape of the particle. For example, a long skinny microfiber might be able to sneak through the barrier in our gut more easily than other pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airborne plastics — particularly common indoors — can also be inhaled. Larger particles are expected to be filtered out to some extent, perhaps snagged in our nose or coughed up. Only the most “ultrafine” pieces will reach the deepest parts of the lungs where they can enter the circulatory system, says Leslie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once absorbed into our bloodstream, microplastics and nanoplastics tend to be quickly coated in proteins and fats, creating a corona, or crown-like appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then it’s essentially going on a trip around your body,” Leslie says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their exact itinerary remains unclear. But Brander says research on animals has long shown that microplastics can move all over. The same is probably true for humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These foreign travelers seem to find a home in many organs, as well as bodily fluids like \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2700\">breast milk\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38802004/\">semen\u003c/a>. They can \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10141840/\">even cross\u003c/a> the blood-brain barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very unlikely that they’re actually metabolized into anything because these are solid particles,” says Walker. “So they would be difficult to break down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our immune system \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/490794220\">can’t dispatch\u003c/a> these bits of plastic as it would other foreign invaders like bacteria. Immune cells, known as macrophages, will release enzymes that do their best to attack these particles, but the “plastic doesn’t mind at all,” says Leslie. “It remains intact and becomes like a stubborn opponent for your immune system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether microplastics pile up in certain organs more than others remains a big unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campen and his team suspect the liver is on the “frontline,” doing its best to deal with this debris and push it back into the gut with digestive fluids. Their hypothesis is that smaller plastics like nanoplastics slip through the cracks and are repackaged with fats and circulated throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \u003cem>could\u003c/em> mean that microplastics build up in organs with greater energy needs, such as the brain, where Campen’s \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38765967/\">lab has documented\u003c/a> higher concentrations than in other organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019246\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn_2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic trash gradually degrades into tiny particles that spread around the environment and ultimately into human bodies. \u003ccite>(Alistair Berg/Digital Vision/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>4. Are they harming us?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists don’t have definitive answers yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans encounter many pollutants over our lifetime. And given that researchers are still sorting out the best models for analyzing microplastics, many are cautious not to get ahead of the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, several recent studies have raised troubling warning signs. They’ve shown associations — not a direct causal link — between the accumulation of microplastics and health problems in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One that gained attention \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2309822\">earlier this year came\u003c/a> from Italian researchers who found that people with microplastics in the plaques in their arteries were more likely to have a heart attack, stroke or to die. Some small studies have found higher levels in people with \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34935363/\">inflammatory bowel disease\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35835713/\">liver disease\u003c/a>. The review published this week from UCSF also included observational research linking microplastics to reproductive health and chronic sinusitis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the concern comes from lab studies involving animals or cell lines — scientists observed toxic effects of microplastics on the cellular and molecular levels. The “next puzzle piece” is now to figure out how this research translates to health outcomes for an individual or a whole population, says Leslie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brander points to evidence that microplastics \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11117644/\">lead to oxidative stress,\u003c/a> which can damage proteins and genetic materials, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405665024000702\">spark inflammation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that’s happening in fish and in rodents in experiments that are being peer-reviewed and published, it’s probably happening in us too,” says Brander. “We just haven’t demonstrated it yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This body of research suggests fertility problems, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389424006332\">neurological diseases\u003c/a>, harms to metabolism and the immune system, and changes that signal increased risk of cancer, among other effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are potential effects because of the mechanisms we know about,” says Prata.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can only extrapolate so much from these studies. For example, the doses given to animals in a lab may be much larger than what humans are ingesting and may not reflect the “wild” microplastics we encounter in our daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of clear data, Leslie says it can be tempting to make microplastics the “culprit for every disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to get to the truth of the matter,” she says. “I have the feeling that sometimes we might be blaming plastics for things that they shouldn’t be blamed for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the UCSF analysis, the suggested link with cancer was mostly based on animal research, but Woodruff says this is “standard” for identifying cancer risks and can still be considered high-quality evidence. “In the field of environmental health, when we have concerning signals, we should be concerned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019247\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019247\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastics and micro plastics of different shapes and colors are laid on the fine sand of the Grand Crohot beach in Lege-Cap-Ferret in New Aquitaine in France on April 29, 2019. \u003ccite>(Vincent Feuray/Hans Lucas/Hans Lucas via AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>5. What about the chemicals in plastics — are they hazardous?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chemicals added to plastics represent another threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these can mess with hormones, affect reproductive health, increase the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pfas/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\">risk of some cancers\u003c/a> and cause \u003ca href=\"https://environment.ec.europa.eu/news/exposure-chemicals-plastic-and-other-sources-possible-causal-factor-obesity-2022-11-30_en\">metabolic problems\u003c/a> like obesity, among other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phthalates and bisphenol A, or BPA, are two of the most well-studied examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PFAS, also known as “forever chemicals,” are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/04/10/1243775736/epa-pfas-forever-chemicals-drinking-water-limits\">also gaining attention\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Brander says there are more than 16,000 \u003ca href=\"https://ikhapp.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/SCEPT_Policy_Brief_chemicals_polymers_of_concern_en.pdf\">chemicals used or found in plastics\u003c/a>, about a quarter of which are known to be “hazardous” and many of the others are not well studied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s s\u003cem>ubstantial\u003c/em> evidence that many of these chemicals cause disease,” says Brander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists worry microplastics could potentially act as “as long-term sources of plastic-related chemicals in your body,” says Walker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the uncertainties, Brander believes there’s enough evidence to take collective action to limit our exposure to microplastics, both in our lives and on a policy level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019248\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019248\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists say we can reduce our exposure to microplastics to some extent by avoiding single-use plastic and plastic food packaging, among other measures. \u003ccite>(Peter Dazeley/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>6. How can we reduce our exposure to microplastics?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still investigating the biggest sources of microplastics in our daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ideally, the task of reducing your exposure shouldn’t fall entirely on the individual. But the fact is policy changes — such as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/03/nx-s1-5214556/more-than-150-countries-failed-to-agree-on-a-plan-to-cut-plastic-pollution\">global plastics treaty\u003c/a> — aren’t going to happen overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So here’s how you can get started in reducing your own exposure: Eliminate single-use plastic as much as you can, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2024/12/01/single-use-plastics-reuse-risk/\">don’t reuse these items\u003c/a>. Cut back on foods that come in plastic packaging or cans that have plastic linings. \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-023-25433-7\">Aim for shorter\u003c/a> dishwasher cycles, with fewer plastic items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never cook your food in plastic,” says Brander. “The heat will drive those particles and more of those chemicals into your food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sadly, this applies to your to-go cup of coffee, which is often lined with polyethylene. When possible, buy cleaning products, both for your household and hygiene, that don’t come in plastic containers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider investing in a \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10054062/\">filter for tap water\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our clothing can also shed a lot of microplastics, which is why Leslie tries to wear fabrics like wool and linen. When you have a choice, avoid synthetic materials in your rugs and furniture, too. Dust can carry microplastics, which you may breathe in. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026974912201171X?via%3Dihub\">Research suggests\u003c/a> vacuuming can help limit what’s in your house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concentration of these particles \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-023-00634-x\">indoors is greater\u003c/a> than outdoors, so try to keep windows open and improve ventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie’s philosophy? There’s only so much you can control, so “don’t feel guilty” about using plastics — just try to limit your use when possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can just experiment with saying no to what you don’t want,” she says. “The resistance to plastic pollution is in our noncompliance. I’m going to keep on doing just that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a time when more than half of the American diet comes from processed, packaged foods, the Food and Drug Administration has new rules aimed at helping people make healthy choices in the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-finalizes-updated-healthy-nutrient-content-claim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">updated the definition\u003c/a> of what counts as healthy. Food companies can voluntarily use a “healthy” claim on their packages if their products meet the new definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a food product to qualify as “healthy” it must contain certain amounts of at least one of the food groups included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans-2020-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dietary Guidelines for Americans.\u003c/a> This includes dairy, grains, fruits, vegetables and\u003ca href=\"https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/protein-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> protein foods\u003c/a> such as beans, lean meats, nuts, seafood, and soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Products must also fall below certain limits on added sugars, sodium and saturated fat to be labeled as healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three decades since the agency updated its standards on what qualifies as healthy. Back in the 1990s there was a big focus on limiting all types of fats, but as nutrition science has evolved, there’s recognition of the benefits of healthy fats found in nuts and seeds,\u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/fish-and-omega-3-fatty-acids#:~:text=Fatty%20fish%2C%20such%20as%20anchovies,in%20omega%2D3%20fatty%20acids.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> fatty-fish\u003c/a> and olive oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Things like salmon and eggs wouldn’t have qualified under our previous definition,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-host-webinar-discuss-proposed-changes-definition-healthy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Claudine Kavanaugh,\u003c/a> director of the office of nutrition and food labeling at the FDA. “Science has changed,” she says. The focus is more on reducing saturated fat, not total fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first rule-making that updates those claims in 30 years,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that the new rules will foster a healthy food supply.” I think the healthy claim can be a real quick signal to help empower consumers,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a “priority” for the agency to also release a healthy icon or symbol that could also appear on packages that meet the new definition of healthy. The agency continues to work on this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the new rule, the FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/jim-jones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Jones\u003c/a> pointed to the toll of poor diet in the U.S. “The FDA recognizes that diet related diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, are the leading cause of disability and disease in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six out of every ten U.S. adults have at least one chronic disease, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9921002/#:~:text=Diet%2C%20often%20considered%20as%20a,and%20perhaps%20some%20neurological%20diseases.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a> The diseases contribute to lower life expectancy in the U.S., compared to other high income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule comes as the federal government prepares to update Dietary Guidelines. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2025-advisory-committee-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report released earlier this month\u003c/a> from an advisory committee also points to the risks of poor nutrition at a time when 73% of adults in the U.S. have obesity or are overweight, and 38% of children, aged 12 and older have prediabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutrition expert \u003ca href=\"https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/people/marion-nestle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marion Nestle\u003c/a> of New York University says the new rule may encourage food manufacturers to reformulate their foods to reduce sodium, sugars and saturated fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the new cut-off point for added sugars, she says many cereals will not be able to be labeled as healthy without changing their formulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that rules like this will help Americans make healthier choices, Nestle says. “Whether it will or not remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people should focus as much as possible on the basics of healthy eating. “I think that diets that are high in fruits and vegetables, high in real foods and limiting calories are the ones that are healthiest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says the new standards for “healthy” are a step in the right direction. “It was past time to update the requirements based on the latest nutrition science,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/about-us/nancy-brown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nancy Brown, the CEO\u003c/a>. “Although the updated ‘healthy’ claim is an important update to food labeling, it is voluntary and may only appear on a small number of food and beverage packages,” Brown says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is urging the FDA to also move forward on front-of-pack nutrition labeling, to make information more visible. They say this would help consumers quickly and easily identify healthier food and beverage options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At a time when more than half of the American diet comes from processed, packaged foods, the Food and Drug Administration has new rules aimed at helping people make healthy choices in the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-finalizes-updated-healthy-nutrient-content-claim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">updated the definition\u003c/a> of what counts as healthy. Food companies can voluntarily use a “healthy” claim on their packages if their products meet the new definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a food product to qualify as “healthy” it must contain certain amounts of at least one of the food groups included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans-2020-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dietary Guidelines for Americans.\u003c/a> This includes dairy, grains, fruits, vegetables and\u003ca href=\"https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/protein-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> protein foods\u003c/a> such as beans, lean meats, nuts, seafood, and soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Products must also fall below certain limits on added sugars, sodium and saturated fat to be labeled as healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three decades since the agency updated its standards on what qualifies as healthy. Back in the 1990s there was a big focus on limiting all types of fats, but as nutrition science has evolved, there’s recognition of the benefits of healthy fats found in nuts and seeds,\u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/fish-and-omega-3-fatty-acids#:~:text=Fatty%20fish%2C%20such%20as%20anchovies,in%20omega%2D3%20fatty%20acids.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> fatty-fish\u003c/a> and olive oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Things like salmon and eggs wouldn’t have qualified under our previous definition,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-host-webinar-discuss-proposed-changes-definition-healthy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Claudine Kavanaugh,\u003c/a> director of the office of nutrition and food labeling at the FDA. “Science has changed,” she says. The focus is more on reducing saturated fat, not total fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first rule-making that updates those claims in 30 years,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that the new rules will foster a healthy food supply.” I think the healthy claim can be a real quick signal to help empower consumers,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a “priority” for the agency to also release a healthy icon or symbol that could also appear on packages that meet the new definition of healthy. The agency continues to work on this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the new rule, the FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/jim-jones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Jones\u003c/a> pointed to the toll of poor diet in the U.S. “The FDA recognizes that diet related diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, are the leading cause of disability and disease in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six out of every ten U.S. adults have at least one chronic disease, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9921002/#:~:text=Diet%2C%20often%20considered%20as%20a,and%20perhaps%20some%20neurological%20diseases.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a> The diseases contribute to lower life expectancy in the U.S., compared to other high income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule comes as the federal government prepares to update Dietary Guidelines. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2025-advisory-committee-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report released earlier this month\u003c/a> from an advisory committee also points to the risks of poor nutrition at a time when 73% of adults in the U.S. have obesity or are overweight, and 38% of children, aged 12 and older have prediabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutrition expert \u003ca href=\"https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/people/marion-nestle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marion Nestle\u003c/a> of New York University says the new rule may encourage food manufacturers to reformulate their foods to reduce sodium, sugars and saturated fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the new cut-off point for added sugars, she says many cereals will not be able to be labeled as healthy without changing their formulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that rules like this will help Americans make healthier choices, Nestle says. “Whether it will or not remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people should focus as much as possible on the basics of healthy eating. “I think that diets that are high in fruits and vegetables, high in real foods and limiting calories are the ones that are healthiest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says the new standards for “healthy” are a step in the right direction. “It was past time to update the requirements based on the latest nutrition science,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/about-us/nancy-brown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nancy Brown, the CEO\u003c/a>. “Although the updated ‘healthy’ claim is an important update to food labeling, it is voluntary and may only appear on a small number of food and beverage packages,” Brown says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is urging the FDA to also move forward on front-of-pack nutrition labeling, to make information more visible. They say this would help consumers quickly and easily identify healthier food and beverage options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a state of emergency in response to the ongoing spread of bird flu among dairy cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/12/18/governor-newsom-takes-proactive-action-to-strengthen-robust-state-response-to-bird-flu/\">declaration is a sign of growing concern\u003c/a> over the situation in California, which has become the epicenter of the nation’s outbreak in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 dairy herds \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/hpai-confirmed-cases-livestock\">have tested positive\u003c/a> in the state in the last 30 days alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that cases detected in dairy cows on farms in Southern California showed that expanded monitoring and a more coordinated statewide response is needed in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This proclamation is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility they need,” Newsom said in the statement. “While the risk to the public remains low, we will continue to take all necessary steps to prevent the spread of this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently accounts for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">half of known human infections\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence of ongoing human-to-human spread in California or the rest of the country. However, scientists warn that uncontrolled spread in dairy cattle heightens the risk of spillover into humans, which could give the virus a chance to acquire dangerous mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also comes on the heels of another troubling development — the country’s first case of severe illness detected in a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, officials with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shared additional findings about that infection in a resident of Louisiana who was hospitalized after being exposed to sick and dead birds in backyard flocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic sequencing indicates the H5N1 virus responsible for the illness belongs to a genetic lineage that’s circulating in wild birds and poultry — different from what’s spreading in dairy cattle and driving the majority of infections in agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">60 people have been infected\u003c/a> so far, although some research \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7344a3.htm\">suggests\u003c/a> the official tally may be an undercount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The illnesses linked to dairy cattle have largely led to mild illnesses in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The version of the virus in the Louisiana case is the D1.1 genotype. It has previously popped up in poultry workers in Washington state, who \u003ca href=\"https://doh.wa.gov/newsroom/first-presumed-human-infections-avian-influenza-under-investigation-washington-state\">developed mild symptoms\u003c/a> after testing positive in October. More recently, however, a teenager in British Columbia was hospitalized after contracting this D1.1 strain of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian health officials were unable to figure out how that person was infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='bird-flu' label='Bird Flu Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case in southwest Louisiana was detected during routine flu surveillance and eventually sent to the CDC for confirmation. The case doesn’t change the CDC’s assessment that the risk to the general public remains low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the hospitalization is a reminder that bird flu has a well-established history of leading to severe illness and death over the past 20 years in other countries, Dr. Demetre Daskalakis with the CDC, told reporters on Wednesday during a press call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis said his agency is doing additional sequencing to look for any worrying changes in the virus that could signal it’s evolving to better infect humans or cause more severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were concerned that the case in British Columbia exhibited certain mutations that could spell trouble, although more research was needed to understand the exact implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis referred reporters to Louisiana officials conducting the investigation into the case for further details on how the person caught the virus and their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the Louisiana infection, most cases have been linked back to some kind of exposure to sick animals. Dairy cattle harbor high loads of virus in their milk and that’s suspected to be causing infections in farm workers. Those working with infected poultry can also catch the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, several cases have cropped up in the U.S. that can’t be tracked back to infected farm animals, including in California and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infections without a clear source of exposure do occur; neither these cases nor the cases with known animal or animal products exposure have resulted in human-to-human transmission,” Daskalakis said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a state of emergency in response to the ongoing spread of bird flu among dairy cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/12/18/governor-newsom-takes-proactive-action-to-strengthen-robust-state-response-to-bird-flu/\">declaration is a sign of growing concern\u003c/a> over the situation in California, which has become the epicenter of the nation’s outbreak in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 dairy herds \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/hpai-confirmed-cases-livestock\">have tested positive\u003c/a> in the state in the last 30 days alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that cases detected in dairy cows on farms in Southern California showed that expanded monitoring and a more coordinated statewide response is needed in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This proclamation is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility they need,” Newsom said in the statement. “While the risk to the public remains low, we will continue to take all necessary steps to prevent the spread of this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently accounts for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">half of known human infections\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence of ongoing human-to-human spread in California or the rest of the country. However, scientists warn that uncontrolled spread in dairy cattle heightens the risk of spillover into humans, which could give the virus a chance to acquire dangerous mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also comes on the heels of another troubling development — the country’s first case of severe illness detected in a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, officials with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shared additional findings about that infection in a resident of Louisiana who was hospitalized after being exposed to sick and dead birds in backyard flocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic sequencing indicates the H5N1 virus responsible for the illness belongs to a genetic lineage that’s circulating in wild birds and poultry — different from what’s spreading in dairy cattle and driving the majority of infections in agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">60 people have been infected\u003c/a> so far, although some research \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7344a3.htm\">suggests\u003c/a> the official tally may be an undercount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The illnesses linked to dairy cattle have largely led to mild illnesses in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The version of the virus in the Louisiana case is the D1.1 genotype. It has previously popped up in poultry workers in Washington state, who \u003ca href=\"https://doh.wa.gov/newsroom/first-presumed-human-infections-avian-influenza-under-investigation-washington-state\">developed mild symptoms\u003c/a> after testing positive in October. More recently, however, a teenager in British Columbia was hospitalized after contracting this D1.1 strain of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian health officials were unable to figure out how that person was infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case in southwest Louisiana was detected during routine flu surveillance and eventually sent to the CDC for confirmation. The case doesn’t change the CDC’s assessment that the risk to the general public remains low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the hospitalization is a reminder that bird flu has a well-established history of leading to severe illness and death over the past 20 years in other countries, Dr. Demetre Daskalakis with the CDC, told reporters on Wednesday during a press call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis said his agency is doing additional sequencing to look for any worrying changes in the virus that could signal it’s evolving to better infect humans or cause more severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were concerned that the case in British Columbia exhibited certain mutations that could spell trouble, although more research was needed to understand the exact implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis referred reporters to Louisiana officials conducting the investigation into the case for further details on how the person caught the virus and their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the Louisiana infection, most cases have been linked back to some kind of exposure to sick animals. Dairy cattle harbor high loads of virus in their milk and that’s suspected to be causing infections in farm workers. Those working with infected poultry can also catch the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, several cases have cropped up in the U.S. that can’t be tracked back to infected farm animals, including in California and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infections without a clear source of exposure do occur; neither these cases nor the cases with known animal or animal products exposure have resulted in human-to-human transmission,” Daskalakis said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When someone you love loses a person \u003cem>they\u003c/em> love, it can be hard to know what to say. You want to show your friend you love and support them, but you also know there really isn’t much you can say to heal their pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the best thing to do is “name the elephant in the room,” says \u003ca href=\"https://mekelharrisphd.com/\">\u003cu>Mekel Harris\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a psychologist and grief consultant. Although it may feel awkward, don’t be afraid to talk to your friend about their loss. “It’s not about having the perfect script. It is about acknowledging I’m thinking of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you feel at a loss for words, Harris and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marisareneelee.com/\">Marisa Renee Lee\u003c/a>, author of \u003cem>Grief is Love\u003c/em>, share dos and don’ts to help you find the right thing to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say, “I can’t imagine what you’re going through.”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, you can, Harris says. “We don’t have to stretch to understand there’s pain, grief and heartache associated with death.” So, use your imagination to be with your friend in their grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris suggests saying: “I can imagine how difficult the journey may be. I just want you to know I’m here for you in whatever way is meaningful for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “I don’t have the right words.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s OK to acknowledge that you don’t know what to say, Harris says. Your friend will understand that it’s hard to get the words right. It also addresses the loss and shows you’re not trying to avoid talking about what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Avoidance is only comfortable for the person who’s avoiding,” Harris says. In other words, it may be emotionally easier for you to stay silent about your friend’s loss, but it may cause your friend pain.[aside label=\"Related Advice from NPR\" link1=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/05/12/854905033/grief-for-beginners-5-things-to-know-about-processing-loss,Grief for beginners: 5 things to know about processing loss\" link2=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/07/1168641456/bad-at-saying-goodbye-here-are-4-tips-for-a-fond-farewell,4 tips for saying goodbye to someone you love\" link3=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/24/1189865100/processing-pet-grief-with-love,Losing a pet is hard. Here's how to cope\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say anything that starts with “at least.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes “at least they’re in a better place” or “at least they are no longer suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you start with “at least,” you are minimizing your friend’s experience and, crucially, imposing a viewpoint that may not ring true. “To the person navigating loss, there is no better place but for the person to be physically here,” Harris says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “No need to respond.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee recommends adding this to any message you send to your grieving friend. Releasing the other person from any pressure or expectation to reply can make it easier for them to feel supported without any obligation or guilt to have to reciprocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T use cliches or platitudes. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avoid saying phrases like, “time heals all wounds” or “everything happens for a reason.” They can sound hollow and impersonal, like you’re simply checking a box to fulfill your obligation of saying something, Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phrases that are focused on healing or moving on are also not helpful to your friend, who may want to sit in their grief to process it a little longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO tell them you love them, that it’s hard and that you’re sorry. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stick with something specific to your relationship and your connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person who is grieving is not somebody you have a close relationship with, you can say something like, “I heard that [person who died] passed away, and I’m holding you in my thoughts,” Harris says. Leading with empathy and staying true to your relationship is the key to not overstepping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO walk down memory lane. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may not want to talk about the person who has died for fear of making your friend sad. But don’t be afraid to share stories you remember about them, even months or years later. It shows you care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee lost her mom over 15 years ago. She appreciates it when friends and family share memories of her, she says. “I am never not thinking about her in some regard.” It makes her feel good to know that others are still thinking about her mom, too — and she’s not forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO keep checking in over time.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks after a loss, the grieving person is often getting texts and phone calls, Harris says. “Typically, as time goes on, the social support dwindles. To the grieving heart, that can be devastating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So keep reaching out to your friend, even months after the death. Grief is a long road, and each person grieves at their own pace and in their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We want to hear from you: What do you say to a friend when their loved one has died?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Share your beautiful messages of support and condolences. Email \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>\u003cu>lifekit@npr.org\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and we may feature your response in our newsletter or on NPR.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The digital story was edited by Malaka Gharib. The visual producer is Beck Harlan.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Want more Life Kit? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter and get expert advice on topics like money, relationships, health and more. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe now\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Corrections, December 6, 2024: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>A previous audio version of this story incorrectly gave the title of Dr. Mekel Harris’ book as Relaxing Into Grief. Her book is titled Relaxing Into the Pain: My Journey Into Grief & Beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When someone you love loses a person \u003cem>they\u003c/em> love, it can be hard to know what to say. You want to show your friend you love and support them, but you also know there really isn’t much you can say to heal their pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the best thing to do is “name the elephant in the room,” says \u003ca href=\"https://mekelharrisphd.com/\">\u003cu>Mekel Harris\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a psychologist and grief consultant. Although it may feel awkward, don’t be afraid to talk to your friend about their loss. “It’s not about having the perfect script. It is about acknowledging I’m thinking of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you feel at a loss for words, Harris and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marisareneelee.com/\">Marisa Renee Lee\u003c/a>, author of \u003cem>Grief is Love\u003c/em>, share dos and don’ts to help you find the right thing to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say, “I can’t imagine what you’re going through.”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, you can, Harris says. “We don’t have to stretch to understand there’s pain, grief and heartache associated with death.” So, use your imagination to be with your friend in their grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris suggests saying: “I can imagine how difficult the journey may be. I just want you to know I’m here for you in whatever way is meaningful for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “I don’t have the right words.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s OK to acknowledge that you don’t know what to say, Harris says. Your friend will understand that it’s hard to get the words right. It also addresses the loss and shows you’re not trying to avoid talking about what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Avoidance is only comfortable for the person who’s avoiding,” Harris says. In other words, it may be emotionally easier for you to stay silent about your friend’s loss, but it may cause your friend pain.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T say anything that starts with “at least.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes “at least they’re in a better place” or “at least they are no longer suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you start with “at least,” you are minimizing your friend’s experience and, crucially, imposing a viewpoint that may not ring true. “To the person navigating loss, there is no better place but for the person to be physically here,” Harris says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO say, “No need to respond.” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee recommends adding this to any message you send to your grieving friend. Releasing the other person from any pressure or expectation to reply can make it easier for them to feel supported without any obligation or guilt to have to reciprocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DON’T use cliches or platitudes. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avoid saying phrases like, “time heals all wounds” or “everything happens for a reason.” They can sound hollow and impersonal, like you’re simply checking a box to fulfill your obligation of saying something, Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phrases that are focused on healing or moving on are also not helpful to your friend, who may want to sit in their grief to process it a little longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO tell them you love them, that it’s hard and that you’re sorry. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stick with something specific to your relationship and your connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person who is grieving is not somebody you have a close relationship with, you can say something like, “I heard that [person who died] passed away, and I’m holding you in my thoughts,” Harris says. Leading with empathy and staying true to your relationship is the key to not overstepping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO walk down memory lane. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may not want to talk about the person who has died for fear of making your friend sad. But don’t be afraid to share stories you remember about them, even months or years later. It shows you care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee lost her mom over 15 years ago. She appreciates it when friends and family share memories of her, she says. “I am never not thinking about her in some regard.” It makes her feel good to know that others are still thinking about her mom, too — and she’s not forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DO keep checking in over time.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days and weeks after a loss, the grieving person is often getting texts and phone calls, Harris says. “Typically, as time goes on, the social support dwindles. To the grieving heart, that can be devastating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So keep reaching out to your friend, even months after the death. Grief is a long road, and each person grieves at their own pace and in their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We want to hear from you: What do you say to a friend when their loved one has died?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Share your beautiful messages of support and condolences. Email \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:lifekit@npr.org\">\u003cem>\u003cu>lifekit@npr.org\u003c/u>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and we may feature your response in our newsletter or on NPR.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The digital story was edited by Malaka Gharib. The visual producer is Beck Harlan.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Want more Life Kit? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter and get expert advice on topics like money, relationships, health and more. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe now\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Corrections, December 6, 2024: \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>A previous audio version of this story incorrectly gave the title of Dr. Mekel Harris’ book as Relaxing Into Grief. Her book is titled Relaxing Into the Pain: My Journey Into Grief & Beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/10/nx-s1-5223302/latest-unitedhealthcare-ceo-shooting-case\">the suspect charged\u003c/a> in the murder of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, was carrying a “ghost gun” at the time of his arrest, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 26-year-old was “in possession of a ghost gun that had the capability of firing a 9 millimeter round” when he was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, New York Police Department (NYPD) Chief of Detectives Joseph Kenny said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdaqEezK2Ks\">press briefing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NYPD said the gun, which is “consistent with the weapon used in the murder,” may have been made on a 3D printer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no tolerance, nor should anyone, for one man using an illegal ghost gun to murder someone because he thinks his opinion matters most,” Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/atrupar/status/1866273624711193077\">said on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns, also known as privately made firearms, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/12/1092063600/what-are-ghost-guns-explained\">assembled by their owners\u003c/a>, either from scratch or through weapon parts kits. They are not marked with serial numbers, making them easy for criminals to acquire and difficult, if not impossible, for law enforcement to trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said in 2022 that within the previous five years, it was only able to successfully trace 0.98% of suspected “ghost guns” back to their individual purchaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, a growing number of ghost guns have been recovered from crime scenes across the U.S., worrying many authorities. They \u003ca href=\"https://www.bradyunited.org/resources/issues/what-are-ghost-guns\">have been used\u003c/a> in homicides, domestic violence, robberies, killings of law enforcement officers, mass shootings and school shootings, including one that wounded two kindergarteners at a religious school in Oroville in Butte County \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/butte-county-california-school-shooting-1a183fcd1670d47dedeff81d9f1ce492\">last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization Everytown for Gun Safety \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/ghost-guns-recoveries-and-shootings/?_gl=1*1i0s6ir*_ga*NTg3MDQzNDY4LjE3MzM4MzQwNDA.*_ga_68QYBV181T*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjEuMTczMzgzNDEyOS4wLjAuMA..*_ga_1FTV9KT752*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjAuMTczMzgzNDAzOS4wLjAuMA..\">has called them\u003c/a> “the fastest growing gun safety problem in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is legal in the U.S. to build a firearm for personal use, the Biden administration, as well as \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">more than a dozen states\u003c/a>, have tried with varying degrees of success to regulate ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several main methods for assembling a ghost gun, a process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.everytown.org/arent-ghost-gun-build-kits-expensive/\">gun control advocates\u003c/a> say can take less than an hour and costs only a few hundred dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is to \u003ca href=\"https://thesoufancenter.org/intelbrief-2024-september-20/\">use a 3D printer\u003c/a> — with the instruction manuals and videos easily available online — to create some or most of the parts from scratch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People can also buy the necessary components online, either piece by piece or all together, in what are called buy-build-shoot kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buy-build-shoot kits are weapon parts kits that are essentially pre-manufactured, [disassembled], complete firearms (a firearm in a box),” the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1493431/dl\">Department of Justice said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was legal for retailers to sell those kits without running background checks until 2022, when the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">passed a rule\u003c/a> aimed at curbing the growing use of ghost guns in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How prevalent are ghost guns?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017476\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017476\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghost guns seized in federal law enforcement actions are displayed at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives field office in California in 2022. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns have been around in the U.S. at least since the 1990s but have proliferated over the last decade or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF said it received approximately 45,000 reports of suspected ghost guns recovered by law enforcement in criminal investigations between January 2016 and December 2021. Of those investigations, 692 involved homicides or attempted homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the bureau shows the number of suspected ghost guns \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-new-rule-modernize-firearm-definitions\">rising steadily each year\u003c/a> over that period, from 1,758 in 2016 to 19,344 in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State- and city-specific data also sheds light on the growing prevalence of ghost guns in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ogvp-report-ghost-guns.pdf\">data released in October\u003c/a> shows that 8,340 ghost guns were recovered in the state in 2023, compared to just three in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philadelphia police recovered 575 ghost guns in 2022, reporting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/at-hearing-state-legislators-learn-ghost-gun-use-growing-on-phillys-streets/3792694/\">311% increase\u003c/a> in their use since 2019. The NYPD reported that officers seized \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/public-safety/2023/09/20/nypd-unit-combatting-the-growing-problem-of-ghost-guns\">463 ghost guns\u003c/a> in 2022, up from 263 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are extremely dangerous, and we must do more on the federal level to clamp down on the availability of ghost guns,” New York City Mayor Eric Adams said at Monday’s briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns regulated?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Private U.S. citizens are allowed to build guns for personal use under the Gun Control Act of 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some state and federal authorities are taking steps to crack down on ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen states \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">have passed laws\u003c/a> to regulate them, with many requiring serial numbers and background checks for component parts and others — including New York — going a step further by requiring ghost guns to be reported to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='gun-laws' label='More Coverage' ]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a Justice Department rule took effect that made weapons parts kits subject to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">same regulations\u003c/a> as traditional firearms, including requiring commercial sellers to become federally licensed, mark certain parts with serial numbers and run background checks on purchasers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule also aims to regulate some of the ghost guns already in circulation by requiring federally licensed dealers and gunsmiths to put serial numbers on any guns they take into inventory that don’t already have them before selling them to another customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you commit a crime [with a] ghost gun, not only are state and local prosecutors going to come after you, but expect federal charges and federal prosecution as well,” President \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/03/remarks-by-president-biden-at-a-gun-violence-prevention-task-force-meeting/\">Biden said\u003c/a> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kit manufacturers and sellers challenged the rule in court, arguing the ATF exceeded its authority. The U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206245991/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">allowed the rule to remain\u003c/a> in place pending litigation and heard the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has not yet made a decision, though NPR’s Nina Totenberg reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/08/nx-s1-5145914/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">justices seemed inclined\u003c/a> to side with the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/10/nx-s1-5223302/latest-unitedhealthcare-ceo-shooting-case\">the suspect charged\u003c/a> in the murder of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, was carrying a “ghost gun” at the time of his arrest, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 26-year-old was “in possession of a ghost gun that had the capability of firing a 9 millimeter round” when he was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, New York Police Department (NYPD) Chief of Detectives Joseph Kenny said at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdaqEezK2Ks\">press briefing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NYPD said the gun, which is “consistent with the weapon used in the murder,” may have been made on a 3D printer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no tolerance, nor should anyone, for one man using an illegal ghost gun to murder someone because he thinks his opinion matters most,” Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/atrupar/status/1866273624711193077\">said on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns, also known as privately made firearms, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/12/1092063600/what-are-ghost-guns-explained\">assembled by their owners\u003c/a>, either from scratch or through weapon parts kits. They are not marked with serial numbers, making them easy for criminals to acquire and difficult, if not impossible, for law enforcement to trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said in 2022 that within the previous five years, it was only able to successfully trace 0.98% of suspected “ghost guns” back to their individual purchaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, a growing number of ghost guns have been recovered from crime scenes across the U.S., worrying many authorities. They \u003ca href=\"https://www.bradyunited.org/resources/issues/what-are-ghost-guns\">have been used\u003c/a> in homicides, domestic violence, robberies, killings of law enforcement officers, mass shootings and school shootings, including one that wounded two kindergarteners at a religious school in Oroville in Butte County \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/butte-county-california-school-shooting-1a183fcd1670d47dedeff81d9f1ce492\">last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization Everytown for Gun Safety \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/ghost-guns-recoveries-and-shootings/?_gl=1*1i0s6ir*_ga*NTg3MDQzNDY4LjE3MzM4MzQwNDA.*_ga_68QYBV181T*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjEuMTczMzgzNDEyOS4wLjAuMA..*_ga_1FTV9KT752*MTczMzgzNDAzOS4xLjAuMTczMzgzNDAzOS4wLjAuMA..\">has called them\u003c/a> “the fastest growing gun safety problem in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is legal in the U.S. to build a firearm for personal use, the Biden administration, as well as \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">more than a dozen states\u003c/a>, have tried with varying degrees of success to regulate ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several main methods for assembling a ghost gun, a process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.everytown.org/arent-ghost-gun-build-kits-expensive/\">gun control advocates\u003c/a> say can take less than an hour and costs only a few hundred dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is to \u003ca href=\"https://thesoufancenter.org/intelbrief-2024-september-20/\">use a 3D printer\u003c/a> — with the instruction manuals and videos easily available online — to create some or most of the parts from scratch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People can also buy the necessary components online, either piece by piece or all together, in what are called buy-build-shoot kits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buy-build-shoot kits are weapon parts kits that are essentially pre-manufactured, [disassembled], complete firearms (a firearm in a box),” the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1493431/dl\">Department of Justice said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was legal for retailers to sell those kits without running background checks until 2022, when the Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">passed a rule\u003c/a> aimed at curbing the growing use of ghost guns in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How prevalent are ghost guns?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017476\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017476\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/NPR2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghost guns seized in federal law enforcement actions are displayed at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives field office in California in 2022. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ghost guns have been around in the U.S. at least since the 1990s but have proliferated over the last decade or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF said it received approximately 45,000 reports of suspected ghost guns recovered by law enforcement in criminal investigations between January 2016 and December 2021. Of those investigations, 692 involved homicides or attempted homicides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the bureau shows the number of suspected ghost guns \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-new-rule-modernize-firearm-definitions\">rising steadily each year\u003c/a> over that period, from 1,758 in 2016 to 19,344 in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State- and city-specific data also sheds light on the growing prevalence of ghost guns in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/media/ogvp-report-ghost-guns.pdf\">data released in October\u003c/a> shows that 8,340 ghost guns were recovered in the state in 2023, compared to just three in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philadelphia police recovered 575 ghost guns in 2022, reporting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/at-hearing-state-legislators-learn-ghost-gun-use-growing-on-phillys-streets/3792694/\">311% increase\u003c/a> in their use since 2019. The NYPD reported that officers seized \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/public-safety/2023/09/20/nypd-unit-combatting-the-growing-problem-of-ghost-guns\">463 ghost guns\u003c/a> in 2022, up from 263 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are extremely dangerous, and we must do more on the federal level to clamp down on the availability of ghost guns,” New York City Mayor Eric Adams said at Monday’s briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How are ghost guns regulated?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Private U.S. citizens are allowed to build guns for personal use under the Gun Control Act of 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, some state and federal authorities are taking steps to crack down on ghost guns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen states \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/rankings/law/ghost-guns-regulated/\">have passed laws\u003c/a> to regulate them, with many requiring serial numbers and background checks for component parts and others — including New York — going a step further by requiring ghost guns to be reported to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a Justice Department rule took effect that made weapons parts kits subject to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/frame-and-receiver-rule-goes-effect\">same regulations\u003c/a> as traditional firearms, including requiring commercial sellers to become federally licensed, mark certain parts with serial numbers and run background checks on purchasers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule also aims to regulate some of the ghost guns already in circulation by requiring federally licensed dealers and gunsmiths to put serial numbers on any guns they take into inventory that don’t already have them before selling them to another customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you commit a crime [with a] ghost gun, not only are state and local prosecutors going to come after you, but expect federal charges and federal prosecution as well,” President \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/03/remarks-by-president-biden-at-a-gun-violence-prevention-task-force-meeting/\">Biden said\u003c/a> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kit manufacturers and sellers challenged the rule in court, arguing the ATF exceeded its authority. The U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206245991/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">allowed the rule to remain\u003c/a> in place pending litigation and heard the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has not yet made a decision, though NPR’s Nina Totenberg reported that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/08/nx-s1-5145914/supreme-court-ghost-guns\">justices seemed inclined\u003c/a> to side with the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "feeling-stuffed-after-the-big-meal-take-a-walk",
"title": "Feeling Stuffed at Thanksgiving? Walk It Off",
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"headTitle": "Feeling Stuffed at Thanksgiving? Walk It Off | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>With the holiday season upon us, it’s more than likely that you’ll be sitting down for at least one indulgent meal over the next month or so — I’m looking at you Thanksgiving!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of chilling out in front of the football game after you polish off the pumpkin pie, consider venturing out for a walk. It’s one of the easiest things you can do to boost your health after a meal and even a short stroll can yield big benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of post-meal walks has been around for centuries, notes \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.gwu.edu/departments/exercise-and-nutrition-sciences/loretta-dipietro\">Loretta DiPietro\u003c/a>, a professor of exercise and nutrition science at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Italians have been doing it, and Europeans have been doing it forever. My grandparents did it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people used to refer to these walks as constitutionals or strolls undertaken for your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV may be one reason why the habit fell out of favor, but the idea has caught on again recently, thanks to viral TikTok videos extolling the virtues of a post-meal walk — sometimes called, ahem, “fart walks” because they can relieve gas! Experts say this is one health hack that social media gets right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sustained walking at any time of day is beneficial. You get more bang for the buck if you walk after meals,” DiPietro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? For starters, walking or other physical activity will jumpstart digestion, so your meal goes down easier, says\u003ca href=\"https://gastro.uw.edu/people/faculty/damman-c\"> Dr. Chris Damman,\u003c/a> a gastroenterologist and professor at the University of Washington who studies the intersection of the microbiome and metabolic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually has pretty important benefits for your well-being in your belly, getting things moving, so to speak, and may be also beneficial for clearing the air, if you know what I mean,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faster digestion may help get more fiber and other undigested nutrients to the lower part of the gut, providing a feast for the microbes that live there, Damman says. And if you’re feeding them fiber-rich foods, these microbes will, in turn, produce lots of molecules that play an important role in keeping our brains, immune systems and metabolisms healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking also plays a big role in helping to regulate blood sugar levels after eating. That’s because as food is digested, it gets broken down into different parts, including the sugar glucose, one of the body’s main sources of energy. That sugar will then flood the bloodstream. A post-meal walk can blunt that spike, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the reasons walking is beneficial is when we move our muscles — and that’s both our heart and the muscles in our legs and our arms — they become sponges for the blood glucose that our gut is absorbing into the bloodstream,” Damman says. “And so it basically just pulls all that glucose out of the blood and into the muscles, where it’s being used immediately for propelling us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, the body produces the hormone insulin to clear glucose out of the blood and into nearby cells. But muscle contractions through walking can also accomplish this — even without the presence of insulin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means less stress on your pancreas because it doesn’t have to produce as much insulin after a meal. And that’s important because “over time, high loads on the pancreas can tax it and even lead to pre-diabetes or diabetes,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to walk long or intensely to see these benefits. For instance, DiPietro co-authored one study that found taking \u003ca href=\"https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/36/10/3262/30770/Three-15-min-Bouts-of-Moderate-Postmeal-Walking\">a 15-minute walk at a moderate pace \u003c/a>after a meal improved blood sugar control even hours later. Other \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-022-01649-4\">research\u003c/a> has found that as little as 2 to 5 minutes of post-meal walking can help lower blood sugar, though longer is better.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12015914,news_12015975,arts_13968610\"]DiPietro says you want to head out within about a half hour after eating when you’re digesting your meal and the glucose is hitting your bloodstream, so your muscles can use it up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather isn’t conducive to an outdoor stroll — or you’re just too busy bingeing Netflix — don’t let that deter you. “Stand up and march in place and move your arms,” DiPietro advises. Even if it’s just a few minutes, those movements can help your body store glucose better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, DiPietro says walking after any meal is beneficial, but if you had to pick one, dinner would be your best bet. That’s because, for many people, the evening meal tends to be the biggest of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so you’ve got a lot of calories going in,” she says, “and all that sugar and fat is circulating in your blood. And what we then do is flop in front of the television or we go to bed,” which is a bad idea, she says, because our bodies also produce less insulin at night, especially as we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That combination of low insulin and couch potato instincts is a recipe for high blood sugar, which you want to avoid at all times, but especially before going to bed, says \u003ca href=\"https://clinicalconnection.hopkinsmedicine.org/participant/luis-fernando-buenaver-phd\">Luis Buenaver,\u003c/a> a behavioral sleep specialist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because blood sugar spikes and crashes are linked to poor sleep quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gentle walk after dinner can not only prevent that. It can also improve circulation, he says. “And it can help promote this sense of relaxation,” which in turn can make for a better night’s sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all of this is especially true after a heavy meal like Thanksgiving dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If ever there were a meal to walk after, that would be the Thanksgiving dinner, given the load of calories that one is consuming,” DiPietro says. So fight the urge to take a nap, and first go for a walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the holiday season upon us, it’s more than likely that you’ll be sitting down for at least one indulgent meal over the next month or so — I’m looking at you Thanksgiving!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of chilling out in front of the football game after you polish off the pumpkin pie, consider venturing out for a walk. It’s one of the easiest things you can do to boost your health after a meal and even a short stroll can yield big benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of post-meal walks has been around for centuries, notes \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.gwu.edu/departments/exercise-and-nutrition-sciences/loretta-dipietro\">Loretta DiPietro\u003c/a>, a professor of exercise and nutrition science at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Italians have been doing it, and Europeans have been doing it forever. My grandparents did it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people used to refer to these walks as constitutionals or strolls undertaken for your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV may be one reason why the habit fell out of favor, but the idea has caught on again recently, thanks to viral TikTok videos extolling the virtues of a post-meal walk — sometimes called, ahem, “fart walks” because they can relieve gas! Experts say this is one health hack that social media gets right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sustained walking at any time of day is beneficial. You get more bang for the buck if you walk after meals,” DiPietro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? For starters, walking or other physical activity will jumpstart digestion, so your meal goes down easier, says\u003ca href=\"https://gastro.uw.edu/people/faculty/damman-c\"> Dr. Chris Damman,\u003c/a> a gastroenterologist and professor at the University of Washington who studies the intersection of the microbiome and metabolic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually has pretty important benefits for your well-being in your belly, getting things moving, so to speak, and may be also beneficial for clearing the air, if you know what I mean,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Faster digestion may help get more fiber and other undigested nutrients to the lower part of the gut, providing a feast for the microbes that live there, Damman says. And if you’re feeding them fiber-rich foods, these microbes will, in turn, produce lots of molecules that play an important role in keeping our brains, immune systems and metabolisms healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking also plays a big role in helping to regulate blood sugar levels after eating. That’s because as food is digested, it gets broken down into different parts, including the sugar glucose, one of the body’s main sources of energy. That sugar will then flood the bloodstream. A post-meal walk can blunt that spike, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the reasons walking is beneficial is when we move our muscles — and that’s both our heart and the muscles in our legs and our arms — they become sponges for the blood glucose that our gut is absorbing into the bloodstream,” Damman says. “And so it basically just pulls all that glucose out of the blood and into the muscles, where it’s being used immediately for propelling us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, the body produces the hormone insulin to clear glucose out of the blood and into nearby cells. But muscle contractions through walking can also accomplish this — even without the presence of insulin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means less stress on your pancreas because it doesn’t have to produce as much insulin after a meal. And that’s important because “over time, high loads on the pancreas can tax it and even lead to pre-diabetes or diabetes,” Damman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to walk long or intensely to see these benefits. For instance, DiPietro co-authored one study that found taking \u003ca href=\"https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/36/10/3262/30770/Three-15-min-Bouts-of-Moderate-Postmeal-Walking\">a 15-minute walk at a moderate pace \u003c/a>after a meal improved blood sugar control even hours later. Other \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-022-01649-4\">research\u003c/a> has found that as little as 2 to 5 minutes of post-meal walking can help lower blood sugar, though longer is better.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>DiPietro says you want to head out within about a half hour after eating when you’re digesting your meal and the glucose is hitting your bloodstream, so your muscles can use it up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the weather isn’t conducive to an outdoor stroll — or you’re just too busy bingeing Netflix — don’t let that deter you. “Stand up and march in place and move your arms,” DiPietro advises. Even if it’s just a few minutes, those movements can help your body store glucose better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, DiPietro says walking after any meal is beneficial, but if you had to pick one, dinner would be your best bet. That’s because, for many people, the evening meal tends to be the biggest of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so you’ve got a lot of calories going in,” she says, “and all that sugar and fat is circulating in your blood. And what we then do is flop in front of the television or we go to bed,” which is a bad idea, she says, because our bodies also produce less insulin at night, especially as we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That combination of low insulin and couch potato instincts is a recipe for high blood sugar, which you want to avoid at all times, but especially before going to bed, says \u003ca href=\"https://clinicalconnection.hopkinsmedicine.org/participant/luis-fernando-buenaver-phd\">Luis Buenaver,\u003c/a> a behavioral sleep specialist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because blood sugar spikes and crashes are linked to poor sleep quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gentle walk after dinner can not only prevent that. It can also improve circulation, he says. “And it can help promote this sense of relaxation,” which in turn can make for a better night’s sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all of this is especially true after a heavy meal like Thanksgiving dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If ever there were a meal to walk after, that would be the Thanksgiving dinner, given the load of calories that one is consuming,” DiPietro says. So fight the urge to take a nap, and first go for a walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "why-did-president-biden-just-pardon-a-turkey",
"title": "Why Did President Biden Just 'Pardon' a Turkey?",
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"content": "\u003cp>A lame-duck president “pardoned” a turkey on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell me there’s 2,500 people here today looking for a pardon,” President Biden joked at a White House ceremony on the South Lawn. After one of the turkeys, Peach, let out a few gobbles, Biden said, “What did you say, Peach? Peach is making a last-minute plea here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He implored the turkeys to “keep calm and gobble on,” then pardoned them. “Based on your temperament and your commitment to being productive members of society,” the president said, “I hereby pardon Peach and Blossom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden noted that the birds would live out their days at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploreminnesota.com/profile/farmamerica-minnesota-agricultural-interpretive-center/2184\">\u003cu>Farmamerica Agricultural Interpretive Center\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in Minnesota, the top-producing turkey state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hinted at this strange event’s history and did so accurately, unlike many past presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to be snood-y about it, but this fowl tradition has a long and oft-confused history. So, let’s dispel the myths that get stuck in our beaks that too many have clawed onto and get to the truth of the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Even presidents have gotten it wrong\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Which president was the first to pardon a turkey? This might be a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story\">\u003cu>shaggy turkey story,\u003c/u>\u003c/a> but bear with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To paraphrase a former president, this depends on what the definition of “pardon” is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a tradition that dates back to the presidency of Harry Truman,” then-President George W. Bush said in \u003ca href=\"https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/11/20081126-3.html\">\u003cu>2008\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eh. Sort of, but not when it comes to \u003cem>pardoning \u003c/em>turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015775\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x726.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1093.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President George W. Bush pets “May” the turkey during the pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey on Nov. 20, 2007, in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C. The pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey is a White House tradition dating back to the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So continuing a tradition begun 50 years ago by President Truman, I am going to keep at least — excuse me — one turkey off of the Thanksgiving dinner table by giving a pardon to a turkey from Ohio,” former President Bill Clinton said in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s definitely not true. And he repeated it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Truman was the first president to pardon a turkey,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still not true. It got so bad that the Truman Library had to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Library’s staff has found no documents, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, or other contemporary records in our holdings which refer to Truman pardoning a turkey that he received as a gift in 1947, or at any other time during his Presidency,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/did-truman-pardon-turkey\">\u003cu>it said in a statement\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in 2003. “Truman sometimes indicated to reporters that the turkeys he received were destined for the family dinner table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Truman was the first to be given a turkey by the National Turkey Federation but not the first to pardon one\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is where the confusion comes in. The turkey lobby has been \u003cem>presenting\u003c/em> presidents with turkeys since 1947 when Truman was president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as the Truman Library notes, the post-Depression, post-World War II-era president ate his turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the original intent — a gift for the presidential holiday table … and for Big Turkey to get attention and remind people to eat turkey for Thanksgiving, of course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a story that suggests Abraham Lincoln was the first to let a turkey go because his son took a liking to it, but the White House Historical Association said that story is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehousehistory.org/pardoning-the-thanksgiving-turkey\">\u003cu>likely apocryphal\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So maybe it was Lincoln, maybe it wasn’t. Maybe it was Kennedy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first documented reprieve of a turkey during a turkey presentation from the Turkey Federation was in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sign hung around a turkey’s neck that read, “Good eating, Mr. President.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, clearly the intent was for the president to eat it. But Kennedy, for whatever reason, said, “We’ll just let this one grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>L.A. Times\u003c/em> headlined that 1963 event as a “\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/other/presidential-turkey-pardons-not-long-history-you-might-think-f2D11663410\">\u003cu>presidential pardon\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it certainly wasn’t official.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When was the word ‘pardon’ first used by a president in relation to a turkey?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Following Kennedy, Nixon and Carter sent their turkeys to petting zoos. However, the word “pardon” wasn’t used until Reagan in 1987, when he presented that year’s White House turkey, “Charlie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during the Iran-Contra crisis, and ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson yelled a question about whether Reagan would pardon Oliver North and John Poindexter, who were involved in the arms swap. Reagan deflected, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/informal-exchange-reporters-3\">\u003cu>saying\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, “If they’d given me a different answer on Charlie and his future, I would have pardoned him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The turkey pardon became an officially sanctioned White House event by George H.W. Bush\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The elder former President Bush, Reagan’s vice president, formalized the event in 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[L]et me assure you and this fine tom turkey,” he said, “that he will not end up on anyone’s dinner table, not this guy — he’s presented a presidential pardon as of right now — and allow him to live out his days on a children’s farm not far from here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a White House tradition was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A lame-duck president “pardoned” a turkey on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell me there’s 2,500 people here today looking for a pardon,” President Biden joked at a White House ceremony on the South Lawn. After one of the turkeys, Peach, let out a few gobbles, Biden said, “What did you say, Peach? Peach is making a last-minute plea here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He implored the turkeys to “keep calm and gobble on,” then pardoned them. “Based on your temperament and your commitment to being productive members of society,” the president said, “I hereby pardon Peach and Blossom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden noted that the birds would live out their days at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploreminnesota.com/profile/farmamerica-minnesota-agricultural-interpretive-center/2184\">\u003cu>Farmamerica Agricultural Interpretive Center\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in Minnesota, the top-producing turkey state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hinted at this strange event’s history and did so accurately, unlike many past presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to be snood-y about it, but this fowl tradition has a long and oft-confused history. So, let’s dispel the myths that get stuck in our beaks that too many have clawed onto and get to the truth of the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Even presidents have gotten it wrong\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Which president was the first to pardon a turkey? This might be a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story\">\u003cu>shaggy turkey story,\u003c/u>\u003c/a> but bear with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To paraphrase a former president, this depends on what the definition of “pardon” is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a tradition that dates back to the presidency of Harry Truman,” then-President George W. Bush said in \u003ca href=\"https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/11/20081126-3.html\">\u003cu>2008\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eh. Sort of, but not when it comes to \u003cem>pardoning \u003c/em>turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015775\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015775\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x726.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1093.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President George W. Bush pets “May” the turkey during the pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey on Nov. 20, 2007, in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C. The pardoning of the Thanksgiving turkey is a White House tradition dating back to the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So continuing a tradition begun 50 years ago by President Truman, I am going to keep at least — excuse me — one turkey off of the Thanksgiving dinner table by giving a pardon to a turkey from Ohio,” former President Bill Clinton said in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s definitely not true. And he repeated it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Truman was the first president to pardon a turkey,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still not true. It got so bad that the Truman Library had to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Library’s staff has found no documents, speeches, newspaper clippings, photographs, or other contemporary records in our holdings which refer to Truman pardoning a turkey that he received as a gift in 1947, or at any other time during his Presidency,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/did-truman-pardon-turkey\">\u003cu>it said in a statement\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in 2003. “Truman sometimes indicated to reporters that the turkeys he received were destined for the family dinner table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Truman was the first to be given a turkey by the National Turkey Federation but not the first to pardon one\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is where the confusion comes in. The turkey lobby has been \u003cem>presenting\u003c/em> presidents with turkeys since 1947 when Truman was president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as the Truman Library notes, the post-Depression, post-World War II-era president ate his turkeys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the original intent — a gift for the presidential holiday table … and for Big Turkey to get attention and remind people to eat turkey for Thanksgiving, of course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a story that suggests Abraham Lincoln was the first to let a turkey go because his son took a liking to it, but the White House Historical Association said that story is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehousehistory.org/pardoning-the-thanksgiving-turkey\">\u003cu>likely apocryphal\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So maybe it was Lincoln, maybe it wasn’t. Maybe it was Kennedy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first documented reprieve of a turkey during a turkey presentation from the Turkey Federation was in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sign hung around a turkey’s neck that read, “Good eating, Mr. President.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, clearly the intent was for the president to eat it. But Kennedy, for whatever reason, said, “We’ll just let this one grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>L.A. Times\u003c/em> headlined that 1963 event as a “\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/other/presidential-turkey-pardons-not-long-history-you-might-think-f2D11663410\">\u003cu>presidential pardon\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it certainly wasn’t official.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When was the word ‘pardon’ first used by a president in relation to a turkey?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Following Kennedy, Nixon and Carter sent their turkeys to petting zoos. However, the word “pardon” wasn’t used until Reagan in 1987, when he presented that year’s White House turkey, “Charlie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during the Iran-Contra crisis, and ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson yelled a question about whether Reagan would pardon Oliver North and John Poindexter, who were involved in the arms swap. Reagan deflected, \u003ca href=\"https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/speech/informal-exchange-reporters-3\">\u003cu>saying\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, “If they’d given me a different answer on Charlie and his future, I would have pardoned him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The turkey pardon became an officially sanctioned White House event by George H.W. Bush\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The elder former President Bush, Reagan’s vice president, formalized the event in 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[L]et me assure you and this fine tom turkey,” he said, “that he will not end up on anyone’s dinner table, not this guy — he’s presented a presidential pardon as of right now — and allow him to live out his days on a children’s farm not far from here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a White House tradition was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
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