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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/kkseema/2042946052/sizes/o/\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-22150\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/2042946052_a22ba72884_o1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"(Seema Krishnakumar/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Seema Krishnakumar/Flickr) \u003ccite>(Seema Krishnakumar via Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just over half of all children in California are Latino -- that's more than 4.7 million kids under age 18. In a \u003ca title=\"http://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=7110\" href=\"http://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=7110\" target=\"_blank\">major new analysis\u003c/a>, researchers found a diverse picture of their health and well-being, not just when compared against white children, but also within the Latino population itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 94 percent of California's Latino children were born in the U.S., and most of them were born in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer Latino children overall achieve a minimum standard of basic health care or family and community environment when compared against white children, and children in households where Spanish is spoken at home have even lower rates.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most parents of these children report that their children are in \"good\" or \"excellent\" health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was commissioned by the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health in Palo Alto and was conducted by the \u003ca title=\"http://www.cahmi.org\" href=\"http://www.cahmi.org\" target=\"_blank\">Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative\u003c/a> based at Johns Hopkins University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers found that about a fourth of Spanish-speaking households are considered \"linguistically isolated,\" meaning no one in the household who is 14 or older speaks English well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other findings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>370,000 Latino children in California do not have health insurance, even though they are eligible for government programs such as Medi-Cal, the state's health insurance program for people who are low income.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Nearly a third (30 percent) of Latino children living in a primarily Spanish-speaking home lives in a working poor household, where parents work full time, but earn less than 100 percent of the federal poverty level.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>58 percent of children in primarily Spanish-speaking homes use a community clinic or hospital or a government clinic as their usual source of health care, significantly higher than white children do (15 percent) off Latino children in primarily English-speaking families (18 percent).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>While nearly all Latino children were born in the U.S., nearly half (46 percent) of their mothers were born outside of the U.S.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The researchers said their California findings were consistent with a recent \u003ca title=\"http://www.childtrends.org/?publications=americas-hispanic-children-gaining-ground-looking-forward\" href=\"http://www.childtrends.org/?publications=americas-hispanic-children-gaining-ground-looking-forward\" target=\"_blank\">national study \u003c/a>of Latino children, which also found lower rates of health insurance as well as health disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address disparities, the researchers recommended the following policies:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Improved access to and quality of health care\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Improved early childhood education for every Latino child \"as a pathway to school readiness.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/kkseema/2042946052/sizes/o/\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-22150\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/2042946052_a22ba72884_o1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"(Seema Krishnakumar/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Seema Krishnakumar/Flickr) \u003ccite>(Seema Krishnakumar via Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just over half of all children in California are Latino -- that's more than 4.7 million kids under age 18. In a \u003ca title=\"http://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=7110\" href=\"http://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=7110\" target=\"_blank\">major new analysis\u003c/a>, researchers found a diverse picture of their health and well-being, not just when compared against white children, but also within the Latino population itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 94 percent of California's Latino children were born in the U.S., and most of them were born in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer Latino children overall achieve a minimum standard of basic health care or family and community environment when compared against white children, and children in households where Spanish is spoken at home have even lower rates.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most parents of these children report that their children are in \"good\" or \"excellent\" health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was commissioned by the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health in Palo Alto and was conducted by the \u003ca title=\"http://www.cahmi.org\" href=\"http://www.cahmi.org\" target=\"_blank\">Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative\u003c/a> based at Johns Hopkins University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers found that about a fourth of Spanish-speaking households are considered \"linguistically isolated,\" meaning no one in the household who is 14 or older speaks English well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other findings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>370,000 Latino children in California do not have health insurance, even though they are eligible for government programs such as Medi-Cal, the state's health insurance program for people who are low income.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Nearly a third (30 percent) of Latino children living in a primarily Spanish-speaking home lives in a working poor household, where parents work full time, but earn less than 100 percent of the federal poverty level.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>58 percent of children in primarily Spanish-speaking homes use a community clinic or hospital or a government clinic as their usual source of health care, significantly higher than white children do (15 percent) off Latino children in primarily English-speaking families (18 percent).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>While nearly all Latino children were born in the U.S., nearly half (46 percent) of their mothers were born outside of the U.S.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The researchers said their California findings were consistent with a recent \u003ca title=\"http://www.childtrends.org/?publications=americas-hispanic-children-gaining-ground-looking-forward\" href=\"http://www.childtrends.org/?publications=americas-hispanic-children-gaining-ground-looking-forward\" target=\"_blank\">national study \u003c/a>of Latino children, which also found lower rates of health insurance as well as health disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address disparities, the researchers recommended the following policies:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Improved access to and quality of health care\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Improved early childhood education for every Latino child \"as a pathway to school readiness.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate at Son's School is 32% -- 'Should I Freak Out?'",
"title": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate at Son's School is 32% -- 'Should I Freak Out?'",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_5990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2012/05/Vaccination-Large-Jeff-J-Mitchell-Getty-e1411754682989.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-5990\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2012/05/Vaccination-Large-Jeff-J-Mitchell-Getty-620x398.jpg\" alt=\"(Jeff J. Mitchell: Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"398\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Jeff J. Mitchell: Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Statewide, there has been a dramatic increase in parents choosing not to vaccinate their children. The rate of parents opting out by filing what's called a \"personal belief exemption,\" or PBE, doubled over seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Parents check a school's test scores in advance. Why not vaccine rates?\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, State of Health \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" target=\"_blank\">published a chart\u003c/a> where people could look up any elementary school in California and see the PBE rate at their children's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after we published, Cosmo Garvin of Sacramento sent me a tweet. \"Really nice work,\" the tweet said. \"But just found out PBE rate at my kid's school is 32 percent. Should I freak out?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-two percent. That means one in three kids is not vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Assessing Risk to Your Own Child\u003c/strong>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin's son is 9 years old and just transferred into a new school in Sacramento, a public school with a private school name: Alice Birney Waldorf-Inspired K-8. \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" target=\"_blank\">Our chart \u003c/a>includes data over a seven-year period, from the 2007-2008 school year to the 2013-2014 school year, the most recent for which data are available. The PBE rate at Alice Birney during that stretch has ranged from 24 to 33 percent, meaning in the best year, only about three-fourths of children are vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're wondering what a preferred vaccination rate is, officials would love to see it as close to 100 percent as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin said he and his wife made a conscious decision to go to this school, but \"it never occurred to me to check the vaccination rate,\" he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/169088755&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His major question was what the low vaccination rate at the school meant to the health of his son. The state's own \u003ca title=\"http://www.shotsforschool.org/k-12/how-doing/\" href=\"http://www.shotsforschool.org/k-12/how-doing/\" target=\"_blank\">tool to assess vulnerability of a school\u003c/a> showed that Alice Birney's low vaccination rate put it in the \"most vulnerable\" category. If a disease is introduced into a community with such a low vaccination rate, there is danger it would spread -- and fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should Garvin do? He says both his children, his 9-year-old and an older son in high school, are up to date for all recommended vaccines. He also said they are healthy, with no chronic conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gil Chavez, state epidemiologist with the California Department of Public Health, was reassuring.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\"> \"As long as children are up to date on vaccines,\" he said, \"they should be protected against vaccine-preventable diseases.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for those kids who are not vaccinated, the risks are great. California saw a measles outbreak earlier this year and a high percentage of the cases occurred in people \u003ca title=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/03/18/42870/majority-of-states-measles-cases-were-unvaccinated/\" href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/03/18/42870/majority-of-states-measles-cases-were-unvaccinated/\" target=\"_blank\">who were intentionally unvaccinated.\u003c/a> In 2010, a whooping cough epidemic swept across California. Ten infants died. Babies cannot be vaccinated against whooping cough until they are 2 months old and are reliant on the blanket of protection from all the rest of us being vaccinated. Later research showed that \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">vaccine refusal fueled the epidemic.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the event of an outbreak, the first thing health officials do is determine who is vaccinated and who is not. Dr. Olivia Kasirye, health officer for Sacramento County, says the county health department is aware of the handful of schools with low vaccination rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Parents need to be aware that if there is a situation with an outbreak, that they can be required to keep their child out of school until the outbreak is over,\" Kasirye said. That could be two weeks, perhaps more, depending on the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabe Ross, spokesman for the Sacramento City Unified School District, said that it's the district's goal to have \"a 100 percent immunization rate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work hard at the schools with higher op-out rates to make sure that parents truly understand the issue, truly understand the risk with their kids and are making informed decisions,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Considering Opt-Out Rates in Advance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now let's take it back a step. What about parents who have school choice and are looking at schools? \"A lot of people want to know the test scores before they (select a school),\" Garvin said. \"I feel like (the PBE rate) is something you should know before you go.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note are parents of children who do have a chronic health issue. How much should a school's PBE rate matter to them? \"It's hard to give a blanket answer in a situation like that,\" Kasirye told me, \"but definitely one thing would be to talk to a health care provider and say 'I'm considering this school and this is what I've found out, what are your thoughts.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley pediatrician Olivia Lang has faced that exact issue. Her practice no longer accepts families that refuse all vaccinations for their children. She stressed that she could not make school decision for parents, but did share her medical opinion. \"\u003cb>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"color: black\">I've had parents worry about a school with a 35 percent opt-out rate,\" she said. \"They say, 'Does this pose a risk to my child?' And I've said, 'Yes, it does.' I've had families who've chosen not to attend a certain school because of that.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the state publishes these data, it's become easier for families to take the opt-out rate into account. Dr. James Watt, chief of the communicable disease branch at the California Department of Public Health, said he hopes that greater awareness of high opt-out rates will \"spark a discussion\" at the school level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medical vs. Personal Belief Exemption\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One final note: There are two types of exemptions from vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some children have medical conditions, and vaccines may be detrimental to their health. In California, these children may receive a medical exemption from their physician. In 2013-2014, 0.19 percent of children had permanent medical exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a personal belief exemption, or PBE, is different. This is a signed statement from a parent indicating that vaccines are against his or her personal beliefs. Last year in California, 3.15 percent of children had such an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Sacramento father had used KQED's chart to look up the vaccine rate at his son's school.",
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"title": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate at Son's School is 32% -- 'Should I Freak Out?' | KQED",
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"headline": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate at Son's School is 32% -- 'Should I Freak Out?'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_5990\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2012/05/Vaccination-Large-Jeff-J-Mitchell-Getty-e1411754682989.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-5990\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2012/05/Vaccination-Large-Jeff-J-Mitchell-Getty-620x398.jpg\" alt=\"(Jeff J. Mitchell: Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"398\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Jeff J. Mitchell: Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Statewide, there has been a dramatic increase in parents choosing not to vaccinate their children. The rate of parents opting out by filing what's called a \"personal belief exemption,\" or PBE, doubled over seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Parents check a school's test scores in advance. Why not vaccine rates?\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, State of Health \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" target=\"_blank\">published a chart\u003c/a> where people could look up any elementary school in California and see the PBE rate at their children's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after we published, Cosmo Garvin of Sacramento sent me a tweet. \"Really nice work,\" the tweet said. \"But just found out PBE rate at my kid's school is 32 percent. Should I freak out?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-two percent. That means one in three kids is not vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Assessing Risk to Your Own Child\u003c/strong>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin's son is 9 years old and just transferred into a new school in Sacramento, a public school with a private school name: Alice Birney Waldorf-Inspired K-8. \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\" target=\"_blank\">Our chart \u003c/a>includes data over a seven-year period, from the 2007-2008 school year to the 2013-2014 school year, the most recent for which data are available. The PBE rate at Alice Birney during that stretch has ranged from 24 to 33 percent, meaning in the best year, only about three-fourths of children are vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're wondering what a preferred vaccination rate is, officials would love to see it as close to 100 percent as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin said he and his wife made a conscious decision to go to this school, but \"it never occurred to me to check the vaccination rate,\" he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/169088755&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His major question was what the low vaccination rate at the school meant to the health of his son. The state's own \u003ca title=\"http://www.shotsforschool.org/k-12/how-doing/\" href=\"http://www.shotsforschool.org/k-12/how-doing/\" target=\"_blank\">tool to assess vulnerability of a school\u003c/a> showed that Alice Birney's low vaccination rate put it in the \"most vulnerable\" category. If a disease is introduced into a community with such a low vaccination rate, there is danger it would spread -- and fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should Garvin do? He says both his children, his 9-year-old and an older son in high school, are up to date for all recommended vaccines. He also said they are healthy, with no chronic conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gil Chavez, state epidemiologist with the California Department of Public Health, was reassuring.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\"> \"As long as children are up to date on vaccines,\" he said, \"they should be protected against vaccine-preventable diseases.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for those kids who are not vaccinated, the risks are great. California saw a measles outbreak earlier this year and a high percentage of the cases occurred in people \u003ca title=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/03/18/42870/majority-of-states-measles-cases-were-unvaccinated/\" href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/03/18/42870/majority-of-states-measles-cases-were-unvaccinated/\" target=\"_blank\">who were intentionally unvaccinated.\u003c/a> In 2010, a whooping cough epidemic swept across California. Ten infants died. Babies cannot be vaccinated against whooping cough until they are 2 months old and are reliant on the blanket of protection from all the rest of us being vaccinated. Later research showed that \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">vaccine refusal fueled the epidemic.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the event of an outbreak, the first thing health officials do is determine who is vaccinated and who is not. Dr. Olivia Kasirye, health officer for Sacramento County, says the county health department is aware of the handful of schools with low vaccination rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Parents need to be aware that if there is a situation with an outbreak, that they can be required to keep their child out of school until the outbreak is over,\" Kasirye said. That could be two weeks, perhaps more, depending on the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabe Ross, spokesman for the Sacramento City Unified School District, said that it's the district's goal to have \"a 100 percent immunization rate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work hard at the schools with higher op-out rates to make sure that parents truly understand the issue, truly understand the risk with their kids and are making informed decisions,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Considering Opt-Out Rates in Advance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now let's take it back a step. What about parents who have school choice and are looking at schools? \"A lot of people want to know the test scores before they (select a school),\" Garvin said. \"I feel like (the PBE rate) is something you should know before you go.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note are parents of children who do have a chronic health issue. How much should a school's PBE rate matter to them? \"It's hard to give a blanket answer in a situation like that,\" Kasirye told me, \"but definitely one thing would be to talk to a health care provider and say 'I'm considering this school and this is what I've found out, what are your thoughts.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley pediatrician Olivia Lang has faced that exact issue. Her practice no longer accepts families that refuse all vaccinations for their children. She stressed that she could not make school decision for parents, but did share her medical opinion. \"\u003cb>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"color: black\">I've had parents worry about a school with a 35 percent opt-out rate,\" she said. \"They say, 'Does this pose a risk to my child?' And I've said, 'Yes, it does.' I've had families who've chosen not to attend a certain school because of that.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the state publishes these data, it's become easier for families to take the opt-out rate into account. Dr. James Watt, chief of the communicable disease branch at the California Department of Public Health, said he hopes that greater awareness of high opt-out rates will \"spark a discussion\" at the school level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medical vs. Personal Belief Exemption\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One final note: There are two types of exemptions from vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some children have medical conditions, and vaccines may be detrimental to their health. In California, these children may receive a medical exemption from their physician. In 2013-2014, 0.19 percent of children had permanent medical exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a personal belief exemption, or PBE, is different. This is a signed statement from a parent indicating that vaccines are against his or her personal beliefs. Last year in California, 3.15 percent of children had such an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Video: Why the New Autism Benefit Is So Important to Medi-Cal Families",
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"content": "\u003cp>[vimeo 106451486 w=630 h=350]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective this week, Medi-Cal now covers a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/15/autism-benefit-finally-a-reality-for-children-on-medi-cal/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/15/autism-benefit-finally-a-reality-for-children-on-medi-cal/\" target=\"_blank\">key autism therapy\u003c/a>, and some 12,000 kids stand to benefit statewide. One of the children who will benefit is Timothy Wilson, a bubbly 6-year-old who will now be able to get Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) through Medi-Cal, the state's insurance program for people who are low income. ABA is the clinical standard of care for autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy was 2 when he was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. “He didn’t say mama, didn’t say dada,” says his mother, Jazzmon Wilson. He threw tantrums and hardly made eye contact. “You just see all your dreams go by the wayside.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wilsons enrolled him in the Regional Center of the East Bay, where children under 3 receive state-funded services. He began ABA therapy, which breaks down everyday skills into bite-sized, learnable portions, then uses repetition, memorization and rewards to reinforce or discourage behaviors. Parents learn to lead their child in the therapy as well. In the video, Jazzmon works with Timothy -- or Bubba as she calls him. Seeing him now, it's hard to believe how affected he was at a younger age.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148089\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/Yes-Board.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148089\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/Yes-Board-640x360.png\" alt=\"Jazzmon praises Timothy during an Applied Behavioral Analysis session.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzmon praises Timothy during an applied behavior analysis session. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In therapy, Timothy first learned to point, and eventually to say, “I want.” He started to make swift progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re celebrating things others take for granted,\" Jazzmon says, including little things like simply knowing when her son wants some juice. \"ABA gives back the typical experiences (that) you dreamed of when your child was born.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like the door was cracked for hope,” says Jazzmon. “I thought autism was a death sentence -- we’re not going to go anywhere, do anything -- but this therapy gives you your life back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'When I first heard about (the new Medi-Cal coverage) I thought to myself: my child is going to have a life. He’s going to be able to get a job.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then the family moved to the Sacramento area and found themselves in a Catch-22. Because Timothy had made so much progress, he was disqualified from further therapy. State-funded regional centers must triage, taking only the more severe cases of developmental disability, so Timothy was turned away from Alta California Regional Center. School districts also provide therapy for autism, but Timothy was turned away there as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without insurance and unable to afford private ABA, Timothy went without therapy. Jazzmon made a decision. “I need to fight back -- he’s losing years,\" she recalls thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/09/09/6692301/early-treatment-may-decrease-autism.html\" target=\"_blank\">A growing body of evidence suggests\u003c/a> that early intervention is key. With therapy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/03/magazine/the-kids-who-beat-autism.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Aw%2C%7B%222%22%3A%22RI%3A12%22%7D&_r=1\" target=\"_blank\">some children stop showing signs of autism altogether\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fearing they would lose the progress they’d made, the family sued the school district and won a legal settlement that provided for Timothy’s ABA for the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, advocates had been lobbying the state and federal government to make ABA a covered benefit under Medi-Cal. Under\u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/08/feds-say-autism-aba-therapy-now-covered-as-childrens-medicaid-benefit/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/08/feds-say-autism-aba-therapy-now-covered-as-childrens-medicaid-benefit/\" target=\"_blank\"> new federal rules\u003c/a>, that coverage is now reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first heard about [the Medi-Cal coverage], I thought to myself, 'My child is going to have a life. He’s going to be able to get a job. Maybe he’ll even move out of my house one day and have a family,” said Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148098\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/bubba-mall3.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148098\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/bubba-mall3-640x360.png\" alt=\"ABA therapy has helped Timothy with social issues tied to autism spectrum disorder.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ABA therapy has helped Timothy with social issues tied to autism spectrum disorder. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Timothy looks like a pretty typical 6-year-old, at least at first glance. He loves seaweed chips, dinosaurs, his mommy and Mario Bros. But he still has some work to do to be able to interact with kids his age, says Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Playing Superman or Spiderman, it takes a lot of imagination and sophistication,\" she says. \"A kid that doesn’t know how to do that becomes isolated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy gets anxious around other kids, and doesn’t know how to strike up a conversation or sustain one. “Self-esteem is so important at this age,” says Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My hope is one day he’ll have friends. I know he can learn that with A.B.A,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>David Gorn of California Healthline contributed to the reporting of this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective this week, Medi-Cal now covers a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/15/autism-benefit-finally-a-reality-for-children-on-medi-cal/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/15/autism-benefit-finally-a-reality-for-children-on-medi-cal/\" target=\"_blank\">key autism therapy\u003c/a>, and some 12,000 kids stand to benefit statewide. One of the children who will benefit is Timothy Wilson, a bubbly 6-year-old who will now be able to get Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) through Medi-Cal, the state's insurance program for people who are low income. ABA is the clinical standard of care for autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy was 2 when he was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. “He didn’t say mama, didn’t say dada,” says his mother, Jazzmon Wilson. He threw tantrums and hardly made eye contact. “You just see all your dreams go by the wayside.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wilsons enrolled him in the Regional Center of the East Bay, where children under 3 receive state-funded services. He began ABA therapy, which breaks down everyday skills into bite-sized, learnable portions, then uses repetition, memorization and rewards to reinforce or discourage behaviors. Parents learn to lead their child in the therapy as well. In the video, Jazzmon works with Timothy -- or Bubba as she calls him. Seeing him now, it's hard to believe how affected he was at a younger age.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148089\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/Yes-Board.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148089\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/Yes-Board-640x360.png\" alt=\"Jazzmon praises Timothy during an Applied Behavioral Analysis session.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzmon praises Timothy during an applied behavior analysis session. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In therapy, Timothy first learned to point, and eventually to say, “I want.” He started to make swift progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re celebrating things others take for granted,\" Jazzmon says, including little things like simply knowing when her son wants some juice. \"ABA gives back the typical experiences (that) you dreamed of when your child was born.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like the door was cracked for hope,” says Jazzmon. “I thought autism was a death sentence -- we’re not going to go anywhere, do anything -- but this therapy gives you your life back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'When I first heard about (the new Medi-Cal coverage) I thought to myself: my child is going to have a life. He’s going to be able to get a job.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then the family moved to the Sacramento area and found themselves in a Catch-22. Because Timothy had made so much progress, he was disqualified from further therapy. State-funded regional centers must triage, taking only the more severe cases of developmental disability, so Timothy was turned away from Alta California Regional Center. School districts also provide therapy for autism, but Timothy was turned away there as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without insurance and unable to afford private ABA, Timothy went without therapy. Jazzmon made a decision. “I need to fight back -- he’s losing years,\" she recalls thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/09/09/6692301/early-treatment-may-decrease-autism.html\" target=\"_blank\">A growing body of evidence suggests\u003c/a> that early intervention is key. With therapy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/03/magazine/the-kids-who-beat-autism.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Aw%2C%7B%222%22%3A%22RI%3A12%22%7D&_r=1\" target=\"_blank\">some children stop showing signs of autism altogether\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fearing they would lose the progress they’d made, the family sued the school district and won a legal settlement that provided for Timothy’s ABA for the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, advocates had been lobbying the state and federal government to make ABA a covered benefit under Medi-Cal. Under\u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/08/feds-say-autism-aba-therapy-now-covered-as-childrens-medicaid-benefit/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/08/feds-say-autism-aba-therapy-now-covered-as-childrens-medicaid-benefit/\" target=\"_blank\"> new federal rules\u003c/a>, that coverage is now reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first heard about [the Medi-Cal coverage], I thought to myself, 'My child is going to have a life. He’s going to be able to get a job. Maybe he’ll even move out of my house one day and have a family,” said Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148098\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/bubba-mall3.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148098\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2014/09/bubba-mall3-640x360.png\" alt=\"ABA therapy has helped Timothy with social issues tied to autism spectrum disorder.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ABA therapy has helped Timothy with social issues tied to autism spectrum disorder. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Timothy looks like a pretty typical 6-year-old, at least at first glance. He loves seaweed chips, dinosaurs, his mommy and Mario Bros. But he still has some work to do to be able to interact with kids his age, says Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Playing Superman or Spiderman, it takes a lot of imagination and sophistication,\" she says. \"A kid that doesn’t know how to do that becomes isolated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy gets anxious around other kids, and doesn’t know how to strike up a conversation or sustain one. “Self-esteem is so important at this age,” says Jazzmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My hope is one day he’ll have friends. I know he can learn that with A.B.A,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>David Gorn of California Healthline contributed to the reporting of this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is Corporal Punishment Abuse? Why That's A Loaded Question",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/454867296-e1411148473876.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-21653\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/454867296-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Adrian Peterson has been suspended from all Minnesota Vikings activities since he was indicted on child abuse charges. (Dilip Vishwanat/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adrian Peterson has been suspended from all Minnesota Vikings activities since he was indicted on child abuse charges. (Dilip Vishwanat/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Gene Demby\u003c/strong>, \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/09/19/349668828/a-decision-about-your-children-thats-also-about-your-parents\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/09/19/349668828/a-decision-about-your-children-thats-also-about-your-parents\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past week, Adrian Peterson, the Minnesota Vikings' all-world running back and one of the NFL's biggest stars, has become the face of corporal punishment in America. Peterson turned himself in to police over the weekend on charges of child abuse after he allegedly hit his son with a switch that left welts on his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Needless to say, people feel very differently about this subject. \"I'm a black guy ... I'm from the South,\" Charles Barkley, the former NBA star, \u003ca title=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/charles-barkley-adrian-peterson-video-ray-rice-cbs-nfl-today\" href=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/charles-barkley-adrian-peterson-video-ray-rice-cbs-nfl-today\" target=\"_blank\">told a panel on CBS' NFL Today\u003c/a>. \"Whipping — we do that all the time. Every black parent in the South is going to be in jail under those circumstances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca title=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/cris-carter-espn-adrian-peterson-vikings\" href=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/cris-carter-espn-adrian-peterson-vikings\" target=\"_blank\">a visibly emotional Chris Carter\u003c/a>, who once starred for the Vikings, argued on ESPN's NFL Countdown that corporal discipline was outdated and wasn't solely the province of black folks. \"This goes across all racial lines, ethnicities, religious backgrounds,\" Carter said. \"People believe in disciplining their children. ... It's the 21st century. My mom was wrong. She did the best she could, but she was wrong about some of that stuff she taught me. And I promised my kids I won't teach that mess to them. You can't beat a kid to make them do what they wanna do.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the practice of corporal punishment that's contested. Even the words we use are at issue. When\u003ca title=\"https://storify.com/mprnews/gene-demby-s-conservation-on-corporal-punishment\" href=\"https://storify.com/mprnews/gene-demby-s-conservation-on-corporal-punishment\" target=\"_blank\"> I asked folks on Twitter\u003c/a> who were physically disciplined as children how they felt about it as adults, I kept fussing with the wording. For lots of folks, \"spanking,\" \"whupping\" and \"beating\" are simply colloquialisms that refer to the same kinds of behaviors. But \"Were you beaten by your parents?\" sounds like a different and more loaded question than \"Were you spanked or whupped by your parents?\" (Barkley, for one, pointedly criticized the use of the word \"beating\" in media discussions of the Peterson story.) Some folks even have personal taxonomy for the severity of corporal punishment — whereas \"spanking\" might be a swat on the rear or arm, a \"whupping\" or \"beating\" might involve a belt or switch or some other instrument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever language folks employ, very few people who use corporal punishment tend to think of themselves as \"child abusers,\" which underscores just why it's so hard to talk about child abuse. (\"Child abuser\"\u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/04/25/306578018/what-exactly-qualifies-as-racist-anyway\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/04/25/306578018/what-exactly-qualifies-as-racist-anyway\" target=\"_blank\"> is like \"racist\" that way\u003c/a>.) Many of my respondents said they so deeply disliked their parents' approach to corporal punishment that they could not countenance physically disciplining their own kids. Yet many of those same people also very pointedly said they would never characterize their own childhood punishments as \"abuse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think there's a fine line [between punishment and abuse],\" Barkley said. But everyone seems to set that line in different places. There's a bit of the \u003ca title=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2007/09/27/the-origins-of-justice-stewarts-i-know-it-when-i-see-it/\" href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2007/09/27/the-origins-of-justice-stewarts-i-know-it-when-i-see-it/\" target=\"_blank\">Potter Stewart test \u003c/a>in how we think about child abuse: It's not easy to define, but we know it when we see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Black Families And Corporal Punishment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When discussing corporal punishment among black people, people often say that \"whuppings\" are a kind of atavism from slavery. Michael Eric Dyson of Georgetown wrote as much in a \u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/punishment-or-child-abuse.html?_r=0\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/punishment-or-child-abuse.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times op-ed this week.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The lash of the plantation overseer fell heavily on children to whip them into fear of white authority. Terror in the field often gave way to parents beating black children in the shack, or at times in the presence of the slave owner in forced cooperation to break a rebellious child's spirit. Black parents beat their children to keep them from misbehaving in the eyes of whites who had the power to send black youth to their deaths for the slightest offense. Today, many black parents fear that a loose tongue or flash of temper could get their child killed by a trigger-happy cop. They would rather beat their offspring than bury them.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But a sizeable majority of people in the United States, regardless of race, look favorably on corporal punishment. Harry Enten of \u003ca title=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/\" href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/\" target=\"_blank\">FiveThirtyEight looked at some polling data\u003c/a> and found that just north of 8 in 10 black people favored corporal punishment. That's higher than white people, but not by a whole lot: 7 in 10 white people favored corporal punishment. (There was a slightly larger gap on this question among people who identified as born-again Christians and those who did not. But again, strong majorities of both groups felt this way — about 80 percent and 65 percent, respectively.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Gershoff, a sociologist at the University of Texas, Austin, told NPR's Robert Siegel that \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/09/15/348765106/like-adrian-peterson-majority-of-u-s-parents-use-physical-discipline\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/09/15/348765106/like-adrian-peterson-majority-of-u-s-parents-use-physical-discipline\" target=\"_blank\">African-American parents spank more frequently than other groups\u003c/a>, but three-quarters of parents spank their children at least once a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Changing Mores About Childhood And Punishment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While those numbers are pretty strongly pro-spanking, the polls show that support for the practice has been on a very slow decline for a while across all groups. That's probably not too surprising — the idea of not spanking is actually a historically novel idea, and many of our modern conventions of childhood have come into shape over the past 150 years or so. \u003ca title=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15477.pdf\" href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15477.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Families used to have many more children,\u003c/a> and those children were put to work in farms, and later in factories. As infant mortality fell and life expectancies started ticking steadily upward, people began to think of childhood as a discrete developmental period that should involve nurturing and protection. The first child labor laws didn't go on the books until the mid-1800s. Government-sponsored child protection services in the U.S. didn't spread in earnest until the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we've just begun thinking about not spanking, we've also just begun to consider the implications of it. Is spanking harmful? Does not spanking hurt kids? There's been reams of research on these questions over the past half-century or so, and much of it is hotly contested. In 2002, \u003ca title=\"http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2002/06/spanking.aspx\" href=\"http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2002/06/spanking.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Gershoff reviewed nearly 90 studies \u003c/a>about corporal punishment published over more than six decades. She looked for links between childhood corporal punishment and a range of different child behaviors and experiences, like moral internalization, mental health, aggression and criminal or antisocial behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gershoff found that one of the two strongest associations was between the use of corporal punishment and the child's immediate compliance. The other link was between the use of corporal punishment and the physical abuse of the child by the parent. (As she put it, corporal punishment is \"effective in getting children to comply immediately,\" but it can also \"escalate into physical maltreatment.\") Those findings, she wrote, underscored just how complex the debate around physical discipline is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gershoff also wrote that studying the real effects of corporal punishment requires making a distinction between corporal punishment and abuse. Again, that's a hard ask: Parents report on their own tactics in these studies, and they're using different cues about social norms to decide where to draw the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, any possible consequences of spanking (or not) butt up against all of parenthood's more immediate considerations and compromises. Should you spank your 3-year-old for darting out into the street? Will time-out help your kid internalize what he's done to warrant that punishment? These are the kinds of questions that folks grapple with day to day. If there are any long-term effects for a given child on how a parent chooses to answer that question, they might not be apparent until much, much later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our feelings on corporal punishment are inextricably tied to how we were raised. The hundreds of responses I got on Twitter were incredibly varied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got beatings, and I turned out fine. The world would be better off if more people got whippings as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got beatings, and it's a big part of the reason I'm estranged from my parents today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn't get beatings because I was quiet and well-behaved. My brother got beatings a lot because he was unruly. There's a lot of lingering resentment between us today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents felt like I was judging their parenting when I opted not to whip my own children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our feelings on corporal punishment are very much wrapped up in how we feel about our childhoods and our parents. These are stories that are fundamental to the ways we think of ourselves. But we also often view the way other people answer this question through the prism of our own experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we talk about disciplining children, we're also considering the very specific children in front of us with their own habits and inclinations. We're trying to determine what we think they might need in a given moment — to quit or keep doing that thing they're doing, to be quiet, to be heard. We treat our own histories and outcomes as the definitive study of parenting, and we bring that study's conclusion to our own kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or, \u003ca title=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hssng/is_there_any_scientific_consensus_on_the/c1y3zn1\" href=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hssng/is_there_any_scientific_consensus_on_the/c1y3zn1\" target=\"_blank\">as one presumable parent on Reddit quipped\u003c/a>: \"I'm eight years into a decades-long study of this with three research subjects. I'll try to keep you updated when I have results.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/454867296-e1411148473876.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-21653\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/454867296-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Adrian Peterson has been suspended from all Minnesota Vikings activities since he was indicted on child abuse charges. (Dilip Vishwanat/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adrian Peterson has been suspended from all Minnesota Vikings activities since he was indicted on child abuse charges. (Dilip Vishwanat/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Gene Demby\u003c/strong>, \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/09/19/349668828/a-decision-about-your-children-thats-also-about-your-parents\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/09/19/349668828/a-decision-about-your-children-thats-also-about-your-parents\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past week, Adrian Peterson, the Minnesota Vikings' all-world running back and one of the NFL's biggest stars, has become the face of corporal punishment in America. Peterson turned himself in to police over the weekend on charges of child abuse after he allegedly hit his son with a switch that left welts on his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Needless to say, people feel very differently about this subject. \"I'm a black guy ... I'm from the South,\" Charles Barkley, the former NBA star, \u003ca title=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/charles-barkley-adrian-peterson-video-ray-rice-cbs-nfl-today\" href=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/charles-barkley-adrian-peterson-video-ray-rice-cbs-nfl-today\" target=\"_blank\">told a panel on CBS' NFL Today\u003c/a>. \"Whipping — we do that all the time. Every black parent in the South is going to be in jail under those circumstances.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca title=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/cris-carter-espn-adrian-peterson-vikings\" href=\"http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/cris-carter-espn-adrian-peterson-vikings\" target=\"_blank\">a visibly emotional Chris Carter\u003c/a>, who once starred for the Vikings, argued on ESPN's NFL Countdown that corporal discipline was outdated and wasn't solely the province of black folks. \"This goes across all racial lines, ethnicities, religious backgrounds,\" Carter said. \"People believe in disciplining their children. ... It's the 21st century. My mom was wrong. She did the best she could, but she was wrong about some of that stuff she taught me. And I promised my kids I won't teach that mess to them. You can't beat a kid to make them do what they wanna do.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the practice of corporal punishment that's contested. Even the words we use are at issue. When\u003ca title=\"https://storify.com/mprnews/gene-demby-s-conservation-on-corporal-punishment\" href=\"https://storify.com/mprnews/gene-demby-s-conservation-on-corporal-punishment\" target=\"_blank\"> I asked folks on Twitter\u003c/a> who were physically disciplined as children how they felt about it as adults, I kept fussing with the wording. For lots of folks, \"spanking,\" \"whupping\" and \"beating\" are simply colloquialisms that refer to the same kinds of behaviors. But \"Were you beaten by your parents?\" sounds like a different and more loaded question than \"Were you spanked or whupped by your parents?\" (Barkley, for one, pointedly criticized the use of the word \"beating\" in media discussions of the Peterson story.) Some folks even have personal taxonomy for the severity of corporal punishment — whereas \"spanking\" might be a swat on the rear or arm, a \"whupping\" or \"beating\" might involve a belt or switch or some other instrument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever language folks employ, very few people who use corporal punishment tend to think of themselves as \"child abusers,\" which underscores just why it's so hard to talk about child abuse. (\"Child abuser\"\u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/04/25/306578018/what-exactly-qualifies-as-racist-anyway\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2014/04/25/306578018/what-exactly-qualifies-as-racist-anyway\" target=\"_blank\"> is like \"racist\" that way\u003c/a>.) Many of my respondents said they so deeply disliked their parents' approach to corporal punishment that they could not countenance physically disciplining their own kids. Yet many of those same people also very pointedly said they would never characterize their own childhood punishments as \"abuse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think there's a fine line [between punishment and abuse],\" Barkley said. But everyone seems to set that line in different places. There's a bit of the \u003ca title=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2007/09/27/the-origins-of-justice-stewarts-i-know-it-when-i-see-it/\" href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2007/09/27/the-origins-of-justice-stewarts-i-know-it-when-i-see-it/\" target=\"_blank\">Potter Stewart test \u003c/a>in how we think about child abuse: It's not easy to define, but we know it when we see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Black Families And Corporal Punishment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When discussing corporal punishment among black people, people often say that \"whuppings\" are a kind of atavism from slavery. Michael Eric Dyson of Georgetown wrote as much in a \u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/punishment-or-child-abuse.html?_r=0\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/opinion/punishment-or-child-abuse.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times op-ed this week.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The lash of the plantation overseer fell heavily on children to whip them into fear of white authority. Terror in the field often gave way to parents beating black children in the shack, or at times in the presence of the slave owner in forced cooperation to break a rebellious child's spirit. Black parents beat their children to keep them from misbehaving in the eyes of whites who had the power to send black youth to their deaths for the slightest offense. Today, many black parents fear that a loose tongue or flash of temper could get their child killed by a trigger-happy cop. They would rather beat their offspring than bury them.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But a sizeable majority of people in the United States, regardless of race, look favorably on corporal punishment. Harry Enten of \u003ca title=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/\" href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/\" target=\"_blank\">FiveThirtyEight looked at some polling data\u003c/a> and found that just north of 8 in 10 black people favored corporal punishment. That's higher than white people, but not by a whole lot: 7 in 10 white people favored corporal punishment. (There was a slightly larger gap on this question among people who identified as born-again Christians and those who did not. But again, strong majorities of both groups felt this way — about 80 percent and 65 percent, respectively.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Gershoff, a sociologist at the University of Texas, Austin, told NPR's Robert Siegel that \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/09/15/348765106/like-adrian-peterson-majority-of-u-s-parents-use-physical-discipline\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/09/15/348765106/like-adrian-peterson-majority-of-u-s-parents-use-physical-discipline\" target=\"_blank\">African-American parents spank more frequently than other groups\u003c/a>, but three-quarters of parents spank their children at least once a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Changing Mores About Childhood And Punishment\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While those numbers are pretty strongly pro-spanking, the polls show that support for the practice has been on a very slow decline for a while across all groups. That's probably not too surprising — the idea of not spanking is actually a historically novel idea, and many of our modern conventions of childhood have come into shape over the past 150 years or so. \u003ca title=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15477.pdf\" href=\"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15477.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Families used to have many more children,\u003c/a> and those children were put to work in farms, and later in factories. As infant mortality fell and life expectancies started ticking steadily upward, people began to think of childhood as a discrete developmental period that should involve nurturing and protection. The first child labor laws didn't go on the books until the mid-1800s. Government-sponsored child protection services in the U.S. didn't spread in earnest until the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we've just begun thinking about not spanking, we've also just begun to consider the implications of it. Is spanking harmful? Does not spanking hurt kids? There's been reams of research on these questions over the past half-century or so, and much of it is hotly contested. In 2002, \u003ca title=\"http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2002/06/spanking.aspx\" href=\"http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2002/06/spanking.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Gershoff reviewed nearly 90 studies \u003c/a>about corporal punishment published over more than six decades. She looked for links between childhood corporal punishment and a range of different child behaviors and experiences, like moral internalization, mental health, aggression and criminal or antisocial behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gershoff found that one of the two strongest associations was between the use of corporal punishment and the child's immediate compliance. The other link was between the use of corporal punishment and the physical abuse of the child by the parent. (As she put it, corporal punishment is \"effective in getting children to comply immediately,\" but it can also \"escalate into physical maltreatment.\") Those findings, she wrote, underscored just how complex the debate around physical discipline is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gershoff also wrote that studying the real effects of corporal punishment requires making a distinction between corporal punishment and abuse. Again, that's a hard ask: Parents report on their own tactics in these studies, and they're using different cues about social norms to decide where to draw the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, any possible consequences of spanking (or not) butt up against all of parenthood's more immediate considerations and compromises. Should you spank your 3-year-old for darting out into the street? Will time-out help your kid internalize what he's done to warrant that punishment? These are the kinds of questions that folks grapple with day to day. If there are any long-term effects for a given child on how a parent chooses to answer that question, they might not be apparent until much, much later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our feelings on corporal punishment are inextricably tied to how we were raised. The hundreds of responses I got on Twitter were incredibly varied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got beatings, and I turned out fine. The world would be better off if more people got whippings as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got beatings, and it's a big part of the reason I'm estranged from my parents today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn't get beatings because I was quiet and well-behaved. My brother got beatings a lot because he was unruly. There's a lot of lingering resentment between us today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents felt like I was judging their parenting when I opted not to whip my own children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our feelings on corporal punishment are very much wrapped up in how we feel about our childhoods and our parents. These are stories that are fundamental to the ways we think of ourselves. But we also often view the way other people answer this question through the prism of our own experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we talk about disciplining children, we're also considering the very specific children in front of us with their own habits and inclinations. We're trying to determine what we think they might need in a given moment — to quit or keep doing that thing they're doing, to be quiet, to be heard. We treat our own histories and outcomes as the definitive study of parenting, and we bring that study's conclusion to our own kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or, \u003ca title=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hssng/is_there_any_scientific_consensus_on_the/c1y3zn1\" href=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hssng/is_there_any_scientific_consensus_on_the/c1y3zn1\" target=\"_blank\">as one presumable parent on Reddit quipped\u003c/a>: \"I'm eight years into a decades-long study of this with three research subjects. I'll try to keep you updated when I have results.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Autism Benefit Finally a Reality for Children on Medi-Cal",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-21548\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Jazzmon Wilson with her son Timothy, 6, who has autism. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzmon Wilson with her son Timothy, 6, who has autism and has benefited greatly, Wilson says, from Applied Behavior Analysis therapy, now covered by Medi-Cal. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By David Gorn\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials Monday are launching a new benefit for thousands of children with autism who are covered by Medi-Cal, California's low-income health program.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"He's doing things other kids can do. And it's those little moments, it makes you just so grateful.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That makes California the first state in the nation to implement new federal standards on autism care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new benefit includes coverage of the clinical standard of care for autism treatment -- Applied Behavior Analysis, also known as ABA therapy. That treatment has shown significant results for a cross-section of children with autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 5 million children on Medi-Cal in California -- that's roughly half the state's total children -- there are an estimated 75,000 who likely have autism spectrum disorder. Of those children, experts expect about 12,000 children to access the new benefit, based on utilization figures from programs in other states.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those families is Jazzmon Wilson and her son Timothy. I recently met with them at their home in Rancho Cordova, outside of Sacramento. Timothy was playing a video game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most families, it was a familiar scene, the 6-year-old glued to his Super Mario game, leaping and dodging virtual pitfalls. But his mom, Jazzmon, still couldn't quite believe what she was seeing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's amazing, he's 6 now, and I never thought this was going to happen,\" she said, \"but he plays Mario. He can play it!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that Timothy can understand how the video game works, and interact with it -- let alone sit still long enough to figure anything out in the game -- is a major accomplishment, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's doing things other kids can do, too,\" she said. \"And it's those little moments, it makes you just so grateful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't always this way. Timothy has autism, and his mom described it as having a brain that was wired a little differently. She compared it to one of those frustrating cell phone conversations where there's a couple of seconds delay and people can't communicate with each other. She says her son Timothy had an 8-second delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's not all. At two-years-old he couldn't speak a single word. Not mama, not Dada, nothing. He would spin around. He would yell, constantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But once he started ABA therapy, his mom says, he was a different kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"ABA is giving back to you the typical experiences you dreamed you were going to have when your kid was born,\" Wilson said said. \"All those LITTLE things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little things like sitting still, or making eye contact with his mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"8HS5mIp1dWbby2CCtkglRASdTy29I9kx\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The basic idea of ABA therapy is to rewire all the little steps most people take for granted. For example, an ABA therapist will reward a child for sitting down with so-called \"quiet hands\" for two seconds. Then a reward for five seconds, then 10, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all of that, said Gregory Buch -- a behavorial psychologist in Roseville, north of Sacramento -- comes the arduous process of actually learning words.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The challenge is, if you have a child who is 3-years-old and has no language whatsoever, you've got about two years' of communications skills at least to teach them,\" Buch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So not only do they have to learn everything that an average child learns that they didn't learn,\" he said, \"they have to learn it faster than the average child learned it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you combine a slow learning process with starting out way behind, you need an intensive program to catch up, Buch said. But, he added, that's what works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think most kids [with autism] will benefit from some kind of ABA intervention,\" he said. \"And for some kids, that's a really dramatic gain.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of therapy has been a clinical standard of care for more than a decade, but that doesn't always mean people could access it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature had to order private insurance companies two years ago to pay for it. But with Medi-Cal, coverage remained blocked. Until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are extremely pleased and excited that we're adding this benefit,\" said Toby Douglas, director of the state Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas said California is first in the nation to act on new federal rules on autism care. California was just waiting for the federal go-ahead, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been something that stakeholders [and] the state have been exploring for a long time,\" Douglas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca title=\"Details of Autism Benefit Coming\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/08/details-of-autism-benefits-like-provider-rates-coming-after-rollout/\" target=\"_blank\">hundreds of stakeholders gathered\u003c/a> in a Sacramento auditorium to hash out the devilish details of implementing the benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/167855668&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kristin Jacobson, president of \u003ca title=\"Autism Deserves Equal Coverage home page\" href=\"http://www.autismdeservesequalcoverage.com\" target=\"_blank\">Autism Deserves Equal Coverage\u003c/a>, was at that meeting, and she says there are still miles to go before everyone eligible for therapy gets the therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This has been a really, really long struggle. We've been fighting for such a long time. We're encouraged, but we are going to remain very vigilant,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If Medi-Cal doesn't make sure to contract with the vast majority of current existing providers, they will not have enough providers,\" Jacobson said. \"They will not be able to actually provide the benefit that they're saying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she said, the bottom line is: After years of telling her autism clients \"No, no, no, no,\" now she's finally able to say \"Yes,\" Jacobson said. Her organization has p\u003ca title=\"How-To Guide to ABA Benefit\" href=\"http://autismdeservesequalcoverage.com/uploads/Medi-Cal_Autism_Benefit_How-To-Guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">roduced a fact sheet \u003c/a>to answer questions about the new benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jazzmon Wilson, back in her living room with Timothy, said the state's coverage couldn't have come at a better time. Timothy had a short course of therapy paid with proceeds from a legal settlement, but that's about to run out. Without the new Medi-Cal benefit, she said she didn't know what she would have done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To have something that can bring a little bit of hope, it makes all the difference in the world,\" Wilson said. \"And so when he can do those things now, it makes … It makes life worth living, which is hard to say. It really is hard to say that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state still has plenty of work to do, as\u003ca title=\"Details Coming in Autism Benefit Rollout\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/08/details-of-autism-benefits-like-provider-rates-coming-after-rollout/\" target=\"_blank\"> it hasn't yet set provider rates or eligibility standards\u003c/a>. But for thousands of families across California, the coverage for ABA therapy may mean a taste of fresh hope in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>David Gorn is a senior news editor with \u003ca title=\"California Healthline\" href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-21548\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Jazzmon Wilson with her son Timothy, 6, who has autism. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/RS12003_Jazzmon-and-Bubba-hpf-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jazzmon Wilson with her son Timothy, 6, who has autism and has benefited greatly, Wilson says, from Applied Behavior Analysis therapy, now covered by Medi-Cal. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By David Gorn\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials Monday are launching a new benefit for thousands of children with autism who are covered by Medi-Cal, California's low-income health program.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"He's doing things other kids can do. And it's those little moments, it makes you just so grateful.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That makes California the first state in the nation to implement new federal standards on autism care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new benefit includes coverage of the clinical standard of care for autism treatment -- Applied Behavior Analysis, also known as ABA therapy. That treatment has shown significant results for a cross-section of children with autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 5 million children on Medi-Cal in California -- that's roughly half the state's total children -- there are an estimated 75,000 who likely have autism spectrum disorder. Of those children, experts expect about 12,000 children to access the new benefit, based on utilization figures from programs in other states.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those families is Jazzmon Wilson and her son Timothy. I recently met with them at their home in Rancho Cordova, outside of Sacramento. Timothy was playing a video game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most families, it was a familiar scene, the 6-year-old glued to his Super Mario game, leaping and dodging virtual pitfalls. But his mom, Jazzmon, still couldn't quite believe what she was seeing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's amazing, he's 6 now, and I never thought this was going to happen,\" she said, \"but he plays Mario. He can play it!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that Timothy can understand how the video game works, and interact with it -- let alone sit still long enough to figure anything out in the game -- is a major accomplishment, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's doing things other kids can do, too,\" she said. \"And it's those little moments, it makes you just so grateful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't always this way. Timothy has autism, and his mom described it as having a brain that was wired a little differently. She compared it to one of those frustrating cell phone conversations where there's a couple of seconds delay and people can't communicate with each other. She says her son Timothy had an 8-second delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's not all. At two-years-old he couldn't speak a single word. Not mama, not Dada, nothing. He would spin around. He would yell, constantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But once he started ABA therapy, his mom says, he was a different kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"ABA is giving back to you the typical experiences you dreamed you were going to have when your kid was born,\" Wilson said said. \"All those LITTLE things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little things like sitting still, or making eye contact with his mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The basic idea of ABA therapy is to rewire all the little steps most people take for granted. For example, an ABA therapist will reward a child for sitting down with so-called \"quiet hands\" for two seconds. Then a reward for five seconds, then 10, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all of that, said Gregory Buch -- a behavorial psychologist in Roseville, north of Sacramento -- comes the arduous process of actually learning words.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The challenge is, if you have a child who is 3-years-old and has no language whatsoever, you've got about two years' of communications skills at least to teach them,\" Buch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So not only do they have to learn everything that an average child learns that they didn't learn,\" he said, \"they have to learn it faster than the average child learned it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you combine a slow learning process with starting out way behind, you need an intensive program to catch up, Buch said. But, he added, that's what works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think most kids [with autism] will benefit from some kind of ABA intervention,\" he said. \"And for some kids, that's a really dramatic gain.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of therapy has been a clinical standard of care for more than a decade, but that doesn't always mean people could access it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature had to order private insurance companies two years ago to pay for it. But with Medi-Cal, coverage remained blocked. Until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are extremely pleased and excited that we're adding this benefit,\" said Toby Douglas, director of the state Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas said California is first in the nation to act on new federal rules on autism care. California was just waiting for the federal go-ahead, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been something that stakeholders [and] the state have been exploring for a long time,\" Douglas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca title=\"Details of Autism Benefit Coming\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/08/details-of-autism-benefits-like-provider-rates-coming-after-rollout/\" target=\"_blank\">hundreds of stakeholders gathered\u003c/a> in a Sacramento auditorium to hash out the devilish details of implementing the benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/167855668&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kristin Jacobson, president of \u003ca title=\"Autism Deserves Equal Coverage home page\" href=\"http://www.autismdeservesequalcoverage.com\" target=\"_blank\">Autism Deserves Equal Coverage\u003c/a>, was at that meeting, and she says there are still miles to go before everyone eligible for therapy gets the therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This has been a really, really long struggle. We've been fighting for such a long time. We're encouraged, but we are going to remain very vigilant,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If Medi-Cal doesn't make sure to contract with the vast majority of current existing providers, they will not have enough providers,\" Jacobson said. \"They will not be able to actually provide the benefit that they're saying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she said, the bottom line is: After years of telling her autism clients \"No, no, no, no,\" now she's finally able to say \"Yes,\" Jacobson said. Her organization has p\u003ca title=\"How-To Guide to ABA Benefit\" href=\"http://autismdeservesequalcoverage.com/uploads/Medi-Cal_Autism_Benefit_How-To-Guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">roduced a fact sheet \u003c/a>to answer questions about the new benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jazzmon Wilson, back in her living room with Timothy, said the state's coverage couldn't have come at a better time. Timothy had a short course of therapy paid with proceeds from a legal settlement, but that's about to run out. Without the new Medi-Cal benefit, she said she didn't know what she would have done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To have something that can bring a little bit of hope, it makes all the difference in the world,\" Wilson said. \"And so when he can do those things now, it makes … It makes life worth living, which is hard to say. It really is hard to say that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state still has plenty of work to do, as\u003ca title=\"Details Coming in Autism Benefit Rollout\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/08/details-of-autism-benefits-like-provider-rates-coming-after-rollout/\" target=\"_blank\"> it hasn't yet set provider rates or eligibility standards\u003c/a>. But for thousands of families across California, the coverage for ABA therapy may mean a taste of fresh hope in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>David Gorn is a senior news editor with \u003ca title=\"California Healthline\" href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate Doubled in 7 Years; Look Up Your School Online",
"title": "Vaccine Opt-Out Rate Doubled in 7 Years; Look Up Your School Online",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Olivia Allen-Price and Lisa Aliferis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Feb. 2, 2015:\u003c/strong> The state of California has released opt-out rates at schools statewide for the 2014-2015 school year. \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/vaccine-opt-out-rate-drops-first-time-since-1998-look-up-your-calif-school/#lookup\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/vaccine-opt-out-rate-drops-first-time-since-1998-look-up-your-calif-school/#lookup\" target=\"_blank\">They have dropped for the first time since 1998.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law requires that children entering kindergarten be fully vaccinated against a range of diseases. But despite overwhelming evidence that vaccines are safe and effective, the rate of parents opting out of vaccines for their children has doubled since 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To opt out, parents must file a personal belief exemption, or PBE, a signed statement that vaccines are against their personal beliefs. In the 2007-2008 school year, the statewide PBE rate was 1.56 percent. By 2013-2014, the most recent year statistics are available, the rate had jumped to 3.15 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#find\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-21513\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/lookup.jpg\" alt=\"lookup\" width=\"300\" height=\"151\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBE rates vary by county and by individual school. In the Bay Area, Marin has the highest PBE rate by far -- 7.57 percent. (Marin was \u003ca title=\"Vaccine Opt Out Rates in Marin\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" target=\"_blank\">highest in the Bay Area last year too.\u003c/a>) The PBE rate at private schools tends to be higher, overall, then that at public schools. In the 2013-2014 school year, only 85 percent of private school kindergarten students statewide were fully vaccinated when school started, compared to about 90 percent of public school students. Other students enter on \"conditional\" status, meaning the school is to follow up with these children to make sure they receive all their vaccines.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nThe California Department of Public Health \u003ca title=\"California Department of Public Health Immunization page\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/pages/immunizationlevels.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">collects vaccination rates\u003c/a> and PBE rates at every kindergarten in the state with more than 10 students -- both public and private schools. Further below, we've made it easy for you to look up your own school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entering kindergarten children are required to be vaccinated against:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Polio\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hepatitis B\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Varicella (Chickenpox)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"We're definitely concerned\" about the increasing PBE rates, said Dr. James Watt, chief of the state's division of communicable disease control. \"We've been monitoring that. We've been increasing our analysis of the data to try to understand what's happening with that trend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest concern, he said, is not the overall statewide rate. But that growing rate signals that individual schools or areas may have very high PBE rates. \"When those exemptions congregate in settings,\" Watt said, \"that's the risk where disease transmission is greatest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014 alone, California has seen outbreaks of vaccine-preventable disease. \"We've been grappling earlier this year with a lot of \u003ca title=\"Measles Cases on Rise Statewide\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/03/14/measles-cases-on-rise-statewide/\" target=\"_blank\">measles brought back in from other countries\u003c/a>,\" Watt said. \"We're in the middle of a whooping cough epidemic.\" The latest data from the state shows \u003ca title=\"Sept. 2 Whooping Cough Report\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis_report_9-2-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 8,000 cases so far this year\u003c/a>, and more than two-thirds of those hospitalized are infants younger than four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also experienced a whooping cough epidemic in 2010. Later research proved that vaccine refusal was \u003ca title=\"Vaccine Refusal Fueled Whooping Cough Epidemic\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">a factor in the epidemic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Requirement for Vaccine Exemption Passed by Senate\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/23/new-requirement-for-vaccine-exemption-passed-by-senate/\" target=\"_blank\">Under a new state law\u003c/a> that went into effect on Jan. 1, parents who don't want to have their children vaccinated now must meet with a health care provider to discuss risks and benefits of vaccines. The provider must sign a form that the conversation has happened and the parent must provide a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a similar law passed in Washington state in 2011, the PBE rate dropped 25 percent in 18 months. In California, the school year that is just starting is the first that makes this additional requirement of the PBE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watts said he hopes that the conversation with a health care provider \"will help (parents) to come to decisions that will enable children to be protected against disease.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison to Marin's 7.57 percent PBE rate, five other Bay Area counties have a significantly lower opt-out rates:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>San Francisco: 1.64 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara: 1.72 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Alameda: 1.78 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>San Mateo: 2.26 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa: 2.32 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"find\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Find Any School in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can look up the personal belief exemption rate at your own school below. So you can see the trend, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/our-vaccine-database-methodology/\" target=\"_blank\">we include data\u003c/a> from the 2007-2008 school year through the 2013-2014 school year, the most recent year for which data are available. This tool includes data from every kindergarten in the state, public or private, with 10 or more students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The column to the far right — “PBE” — shows the percentage of children at a kindergarten with a personal belief exemption on file. The higher the number, the more children are not receiving vaccines. \u003cstrong>Enter your child's school in the search box:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/vaccines/pbe2014-6.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"700px\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nSee the \u003ca href=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/vaccines/pbe2014-6.html\" target=\"_blank\">search tool on its own page\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Olivia Allen-Price and Lisa Aliferis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Feb. 2, 2015:\u003c/strong> The state of California has released opt-out rates at schools statewide for the 2014-2015 school year. \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/vaccine-opt-out-rate-drops-first-time-since-1998-look-up-your-calif-school/#lookup\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/30/vaccine-opt-out-rate-drops-first-time-since-1998-look-up-your-calif-school/#lookup\" target=\"_blank\">They have dropped for the first time since 1998.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law requires that children entering kindergarten be fully vaccinated against a range of diseases. But despite overwhelming evidence that vaccines are safe and effective, the rate of parents opting out of vaccines for their children has doubled since 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To opt out, parents must file a personal belief exemption, or PBE, a signed statement that vaccines are against their personal beliefs. In the 2007-2008 school year, the statewide PBE rate was 1.56 percent. By 2013-2014, the most recent year statistics are available, the rate had jumped to 3.15 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#find\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-21513\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/lookup.jpg\" alt=\"lookup\" width=\"300\" height=\"151\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBE rates vary by county and by individual school. In the Bay Area, Marin has the highest PBE rate by far -- 7.57 percent. (Marin was \u003ca title=\"Vaccine Opt Out Rates in Marin\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" target=\"_blank\">highest in the Bay Area last year too.\u003c/a>) The PBE rate at private schools tends to be higher, overall, then that at public schools. In the 2013-2014 school year, only 85 percent of private school kindergarten students statewide were fully vaccinated when school started, compared to about 90 percent of public school students. Other students enter on \"conditional\" status, meaning the school is to follow up with these children to make sure they receive all their vaccines.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nThe California Department of Public Health \u003ca title=\"California Department of Public Health Immunization page\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/pages/immunizationlevels.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">collects vaccination rates\u003c/a> and PBE rates at every kindergarten in the state with more than 10 students -- both public and private schools. Further below, we've made it easy for you to look up your own school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entering kindergarten children are required to be vaccinated against:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Polio\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hepatitis B\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Varicella (Chickenpox)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"We're definitely concerned\" about the increasing PBE rates, said Dr. James Watt, chief of the state's division of communicable disease control. \"We've been monitoring that. We've been increasing our analysis of the data to try to understand what's happening with that trend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest concern, he said, is not the overall statewide rate. But that growing rate signals that individual schools or areas may have very high PBE rates. \"When those exemptions congregate in settings,\" Watt said, \"that's the risk where disease transmission is greatest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014 alone, California has seen outbreaks of vaccine-preventable disease. \"We've been grappling earlier this year with a lot of \u003ca title=\"Measles Cases on Rise Statewide\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/03/14/measles-cases-on-rise-statewide/\" target=\"_blank\">measles brought back in from other countries\u003c/a>,\" Watt said. \"We're in the middle of a whooping cough epidemic.\" The latest data from the state shows \u003ca title=\"Sept. 2 Whooping Cough Report\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/Pertussis_report_9-2-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 8,000 cases so far this year\u003c/a>, and more than two-thirds of those hospitalized are infants younger than four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also experienced a whooping cough epidemic in 2010. Later research proved that vaccine refusal was \u003ca title=\"Vaccine Refusal Fueled Whooping Cough Epidemic\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/09/30/vaccine-refusals-fueled-california-whooping-cough-epidemic-personal-belief-exemption/\" target=\"_blank\">a factor in the epidemic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Requirement for Vaccine Exemption Passed by Senate\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/08/23/new-requirement-for-vaccine-exemption-passed-by-senate/\" target=\"_blank\">Under a new state law\u003c/a> that went into effect on Jan. 1, parents who don't want to have their children vaccinated now must meet with a health care provider to discuss risks and benefits of vaccines. The provider must sign a form that the conversation has happened and the parent must provide a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a similar law passed in Washington state in 2011, the PBE rate dropped 25 percent in 18 months. In California, the school year that is just starting is the first that makes this additional requirement of the PBE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watts said he hopes that the conversation with a health care provider \"will help (parents) to come to decisions that will enable children to be protected against disease.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison to Marin's 7.57 percent PBE rate, five other Bay Area counties have a significantly lower opt-out rates:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>San Francisco: 1.64 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara: 1.72 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Alameda: 1.78 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>San Mateo: 2.26 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa: 2.32 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"find\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Find Any School in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can look up the personal belief exemption rate at your own school below. So you can see the trend, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/our-vaccine-database-methodology/\" target=\"_blank\">we include data\u003c/a> from the 2007-2008 school year through the 2013-2014 school year, the most recent year for which data are available. This tool includes data from every kindergarten in the state, public or private, with 10 or more students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The column to the far right — “PBE” — shows the percentage of children at a kindergarten with a personal belief exemption on file. The higher the number, the more children are not receiving vaccines. \u003cstrong>Enter your child's school in the search box:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/vaccines/pbe2014-6.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"700px\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nSee the \u003ca href=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/vaccines/pbe2014-6.html\" target=\"_blank\">search tool on its own page\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Infants Given Sugar-Sweetened Beverages at Higher Risk for Obesity",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/ninedragons/4822437519/in/photolist-8m9fEt-73gFj6-c4ug8f-d1LmMo-MBtHB-8xz7qh-fxgGtD-ao1kY1-teA2-2BTKYu-DrNxJ-bD6Q7-6MenJG-GddEf-dusSyo-gEmXYb-FXjgo-7med2o-85NCc8-dYc45D-aKhEf2-6sDzfH-dxBaXG-GSRWE-6TLeRn-2cy4dp-6qoSTC-cwUuT3-6dBBfS-4DGHti-aBzRvu-ofian-jrRLY-8wFaUW-22suSL-drQCTb-4TtS6x-dabbgt-4Uk61t-mqbQ-4jo4MX-4wttVC-4C1YZW-MQaFc-mkBPdM-9XTPc3-mt28-6f5XrY-dxLhGn-7w6sgm\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-21154\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z.jpg\" alt=\"Babies should only be given breastmilk or infant formula, unless directed differently by a doctor. (Christopher Lance/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Babies should only be given breastmilk or infant formula, unless directed differently by a doctor. (Christopher Lance/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Brian Lau \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Were you at a Labor Day barbecue last weekend? Did you drink soda? Sweet tea? Or maybe vitamin water? Sugar-sweetened drinks are a known risk factor for obesity, and according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, one in four American adults consumes at least one sugar-sweetened beverage every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, two new studies published Tuesday in the journal \u003cem>Pediatrics\u003c/em> found that 80 percent of 6-year-olds drank sugar-sweetened beverages on a regular basis. (The studies can be found \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/Supplement_1/S29.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/Supplement_1/S56.abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the kicker: researchers found that 25 percent of infants also were given sugar-sweetened beverages at some point, and this consumption can be associated with health problems later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the studies’ main findings was that babies given sugar-sweetened drinks during the first 6 months of life had a 92 percent greater risk of obesity by the time they were 6-years-old versus babies who were never given such drinks.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infants do not need to drink sugar-sweetened beverages,\" said lead author Dr. Lipang Pan of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), “Infants should be exclusively breastfed until 6 months and fed with breast milk, infant formulas, and solid foods after 6 months of age.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two studies, both conducted by the CDC, include the largest longitudinal study of infant diets. Researchers surveyed parents of 1,333 U.S. children each month during the first year of life on sugar-sweetened beverage intake and again when the children were 6-years-old. They assessed the children for obesity prevalence, and researchers corrected for factors including the mother's age, race or ethnicity of the children, education level, and breast-feeding duration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What babies eat can influence their taste preferences going forward, including leading to preferences for sweet-tasting foods and beverages throughout their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when parents know sugary drinks are bad, many of the drinks parents assume are not sugar-sweetened may well have often significant amounts of added sugar. This can include drinks that are labeled juice, but are not 100 percent fruit juice. So-called \"energy\" or \"sports\" drinks \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/06/sports-energy-drinks-as-unhealthful-as-soda-study-says/\" target=\"_blank\">may also be high in sugar\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing a lousy job of teaching or convincing parents about sugar-sweetened beverages,” said Dr. Paul Chung in response to an email. He is chief of general pediatrics at the UCLA School of Medicine and was not affiliated with either study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be making the immediate gratification of sugar-sweetened drinks less immediate and more inconvenient, he said. “Remove all sugar-sweetened beverages from the house; have filtered refrigerated tap water available at all times, and have family rules against ordering drinks other than water when eating out,” Chung said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, limiting exposure can be hard for parents and children alike. The bigger task, Chung said, “is trying to figure out how to help families do something that doesn’t come naturally to anyone, which is to actively deny themselves and their children pretty reliable immediate gratification.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are clearly failing to individually educate and persuade,\" he said. \"Policy options with real teeth really do need to be considered,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chung outlined several policy approaches to decrease or restrict sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. One option includes taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, as has been proposed in\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/02/berkeley-city-council-puts-soda-tax-on-november-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\"> Berkeley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/23/san-francisco-supervisors-put-soda-tax-on-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. Another is warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages. A bill to require labels \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/04/29/soda-labeling-bill-on-hold-over-costs-at-california-senate/\" target=\"_blank\">failed in California\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other options, Chung said, include providing water at schools and public places in hopes of displacing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Even more broadly, neighborhood redesign to emphasize healthier living is growing in popularity. But money and broad community support for these options are a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There likely is not one initiative to solve this problem, Chung said, but “ultimately an all-of-the above approach will probably be necessary and will require the active participation of the private sector in addition to public funds and rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal should be to promote policies large and small that establish healthy eating and active living as the default option [and] make unhealthy options less convenient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-style: inherit;color: #000000\">Brian Lau is a freelance writer and an orthopedic surgery resident at UCSF medical center. Follow him \u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #114999\" href=\"https://twitter.com/blauMD\" target=\"_blank\">on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/ninedragons/4822437519/in/photolist-8m9fEt-73gFj6-c4ug8f-d1LmMo-MBtHB-8xz7qh-fxgGtD-ao1kY1-teA2-2BTKYu-DrNxJ-bD6Q7-6MenJG-GddEf-dusSyo-gEmXYb-FXjgo-7med2o-85NCc8-dYc45D-aKhEf2-6sDzfH-dxBaXG-GSRWE-6TLeRn-2cy4dp-6qoSTC-cwUuT3-6dBBfS-4DGHti-aBzRvu-ofian-jrRLY-8wFaUW-22suSL-drQCTb-4TtS6x-dabbgt-4Uk61t-mqbQ-4jo4MX-4wttVC-4C1YZW-MQaFc-mkBPdM-9XTPc3-mt28-6f5XrY-dxLhGn-7w6sgm\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-21154\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z.jpg\" alt=\"Babies should only be given breastmilk or infant formula, unless directed differently by a doctor. (Christopher Lance/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/4822437519_c449a79734_z-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Babies should only be given breastmilk or infant formula, unless directed differently by a doctor. (Christopher Lance/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Brian Lau \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Were you at a Labor Day barbecue last weekend? Did you drink soda? Sweet tea? Or maybe vitamin water? Sugar-sweetened drinks are a known risk factor for obesity, and according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, one in four American adults consumes at least one sugar-sweetened beverage every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, two new studies published Tuesday in the journal \u003cem>Pediatrics\u003c/em> found that 80 percent of 6-year-olds drank sugar-sweetened beverages on a regular basis. (The studies can be found \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/Supplement_1/S29.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/Supplement_1/S56.abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the kicker: researchers found that 25 percent of infants also were given sugar-sweetened beverages at some point, and this consumption can be associated with health problems later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the studies’ main findings was that babies given sugar-sweetened drinks during the first 6 months of life had a 92 percent greater risk of obesity by the time they were 6-years-old versus babies who were never given such drinks.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infants do not need to drink sugar-sweetened beverages,\" said lead author Dr. Lipang Pan of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), “Infants should be exclusively breastfed until 6 months and fed with breast milk, infant formulas, and solid foods after 6 months of age.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two studies, both conducted by the CDC, include the largest longitudinal study of infant diets. Researchers surveyed parents of 1,333 U.S. children each month during the first year of life on sugar-sweetened beverage intake and again when the children were 6-years-old. They assessed the children for obesity prevalence, and researchers corrected for factors including the mother's age, race or ethnicity of the children, education level, and breast-feeding duration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What babies eat can influence their taste preferences going forward, including leading to preferences for sweet-tasting foods and beverages throughout their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when parents know sugary drinks are bad, many of the drinks parents assume are not sugar-sweetened may well have often significant amounts of added sugar. This can include drinks that are labeled juice, but are not 100 percent fruit juice. So-called \"energy\" or \"sports\" drinks \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/06/sports-energy-drinks-as-unhealthful-as-soda-study-says/\" target=\"_blank\">may also be high in sugar\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing a lousy job of teaching or convincing parents about sugar-sweetened beverages,” said Dr. Paul Chung in response to an email. He is chief of general pediatrics at the UCLA School of Medicine and was not affiliated with either study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be making the immediate gratification of sugar-sweetened drinks less immediate and more inconvenient, he said. “Remove all sugar-sweetened beverages from the house; have filtered refrigerated tap water available at all times, and have family rules against ordering drinks other than water when eating out,” Chung said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, limiting exposure can be hard for parents and children alike. The bigger task, Chung said, “is trying to figure out how to help families do something that doesn’t come naturally to anyone, which is to actively deny themselves and their children pretty reliable immediate gratification.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are clearly failing to individually educate and persuade,\" he said. \"Policy options with real teeth really do need to be considered,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chung outlined several policy approaches to decrease or restrict sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. One option includes taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, as has been proposed in\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/02/berkeley-city-council-puts-soda-tax-on-november-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\"> Berkeley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/07/23/san-francisco-supervisors-put-soda-tax-on-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. Another is warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages. A bill to require labels \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/04/29/soda-labeling-bill-on-hold-over-costs-at-california-senate/\" target=\"_blank\">failed in California\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other options, Chung said, include providing water at schools and public places in hopes of displacing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Even more broadly, neighborhood redesign to emphasize healthier living is growing in popularity. But money and broad community support for these options are a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There likely is not one initiative to solve this problem, Chung said, but “ultimately an all-of-the above approach will probably be necessary and will require the active participation of the private sector in addition to public funds and rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal should be to promote policies large and small that establish healthy eating and active living as the default option [and] make unhealthy options less convenient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-style: inherit;color: #000000\">Brian Lau is a freelance writer and an orthopedic surgery resident at UCSF medical center. Follow him \u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #114999\" href=\"https://twitter.com/blauMD\" target=\"_blank\">on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Using Disney Movies to Reach A Son with Autism",
"title": "Using Disney Movies to Reach A Son with Autism",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/7486431222/in/photolist-2nPYpL-4MiNPx-dojqwo-cpy3jj-5miHgL-4Zh3yt-66tW-4Fp838-Ku37A-89J7te-eWadd-w9HG9-53iEnb-943FjU-8rCoNh-eF7Gpk-7t38Za-6PScxR-cpxVbo-648doP-aFh8ap-6mnYzN-6miQn4-6miQda-5RzRS-ddCYGh-674fMr-dUru2M-n9Ucgb-6iKanm-e1xvJN-fn6rt7-zN9cF-5AGJWT-6FMy9d-6mod8G-cXUoHE-kK7WFW-83w2vW-6xC4gr-5ByHJ8-89MmNJ-mvXTH-5SfKbs-hrJNp-9hJaaj-4o6FZs-duAp8V-5SfKbL-cb8iwj\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-20982\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z.jpg\" alt='The family first used a scene from the movie \"Aladdin\" to connect to their son. (JD Hancock/Flickr)' width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The family first used a scene from the movie \"Aladdin\" to connect to their son. (JD Hancock/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Kathy Shield\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owen Suskind was a normal toddler, learning to speak in full sentences and happily playing in the backyard with his older brother, Walt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Owen wasn’t merely watching these movies, he was hearing them and learning through the characters.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That all changed at age 3, when Owen stopped speaking, and in the space of a single month, his entire vocabulary was reduced to one word: juice. Owen was diagnosed with late-onset regressive autism. Though his developmental trajectory was typical for children with this form of autism, this fact offered no comfort to his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Owen has grown into a relatively self-sufficient young man. He graduated from a college-like program for young adults on the autism spectrum and is now living semi-independently in an apartment.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of how Owen went from a 3-year-old who could barely speak for years to living somewhat independently has been chronicled by Owen's father, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Ron Suskind, in a book \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Life-Animated-Sidekicks-Heroes-Autism/dp/1423180364\" target=\"_blank\">Life, Animated\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the word \"animated\" in the title of the book that is key. That's because when Owen stopped speaking, he continued watching the Disney movies he had always loved. If anything, his fondness for them became stronger. But after some time, Suskind and his wife Cornelia realized that Owen wasn’t merely watching these movies, he was hearing them and learning through the characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind realized that this affinity was also an opportunity. He used Owen’s affection for Iago, the parrot sidekick in the movie \"Aladdin,\" to try to have a real conversation with his son. He hid under the blanket in his son's room, held up an Iago puppet and, speaking in Iago's accent, father was able to finally –- after more than three years of silence –- connect to son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind reenacted this conversation for Michael Krasny on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201407151000\" target=\"_blank\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> recently, complete with the accents and mannerisms necessary to convince a child –- then 6 –- that he was talking to a parrot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire family began to use the movies as a way to get into Owen’s head, communicating with Owen as though they were his favorite characters. They began living double lives. In his book, Suskind explains their basement sessions. “During daylight, we go about our lives,\" he writes. \"At night, we become animated characters.” The first basement session was while watching \"The Jungle Book,\" when its trademark song came on. As Suskind describes in his book:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“‘The Bare Necessities’ is a talking song, with the melody broken up by dialogue. … In my best attempt at the voice and inflection of Phil Harris, who voices the bear, I hit play and then say: ‘Look, now it’s like this, little britches. All you’ve got to do is…’\u003cbr>\nJust as Baloo [the bear] looks at Mowgli [the boy], I look at Owen; he looks squarely back at me – then it happens. Right on cue, he says, ‘You eat ants?’ That’s Mowgli’s line – he speaks it as Mowgli, almost like a tape recording. … Cornelia catches my eye; I shake my head – both of us feeling the same unmoored sensation. The inflection, ease of speech, is something he can’t otherwise muster. But it’s in context, as are his reactions. It’s almost like there’s no autism.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And it went further. As time progressed, the family regularly used segments of Disney dialogue to speak to Owen and, with time, Owen used them to speak back. For the family, often the “last line [of a scene] is the destination, the inspiring kicker to the exchange. Hearing it, Owen smiles … and then he’ll often do something he’s fearful of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not always. Sometimes, the scenes were just a fun way for Owen and Walt, his older brother, to have a bit of fun. And as Owen grew older, Disney became his dream. He filled stacks of sketchbooks with versions of his favorite characters. He created mental mappings of all the voice actors, directors, and animators that worked on every video. With his parents, Owen visited Disney’s animation studios, where he still hopes to work someday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power of the Suskind family's story isn’t just that they persevered and found ways to finally reach their autistic son. The power comes from the fact that their story is not unusual. Many children with autism have what Suskind calls an \"affinity.\" Disney is certainly popular, but so is Tim Burton. Affinities range from maps to logos, wood chimes to hockey stats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who called \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201407151000\" target=\"_blank\">Forum\u003c/a> said she “felt you were talking about my son. He is 4 years old, he’s autistic,\" she said, and \"he has memorized tons of Disney shows.” Suskind encouraged this mother to continue connecting and finding ways to relate to her son's affinities, because the affinities themselves are “crucial, but just as crucial is to use them to connect [your autistic child] to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind went on to describe a friend whose autistic son has an affection for maps. Though the father was at a loss, Suskind explained that everything can be related to maps, for they “are the two-dimensional rendering of all humanity. … Every town and every map has a history, a narrative.” He said Cornelia made the key revelation: “Respect the affinity, and we respect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping parents form these connections through their children’s affinities is why Suskind created the \u003ca href=\"http://lifeanimated.net/autism_affinities_project/\" target=\"_blank\">Autism Affinities Project\u003c/a>, where parents of autistic children can come together to describe and understand their child’s obsessions. Neuroscientists and psychologists around the country are also teaming up to study both affinities in autistic children and the affinity therapy that the Suskinds essentially pioneered to help their son navigate the world.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/7486431222/in/photolist-2nPYpL-4MiNPx-dojqwo-cpy3jj-5miHgL-4Zh3yt-66tW-4Fp838-Ku37A-89J7te-eWadd-w9HG9-53iEnb-943FjU-8rCoNh-eF7Gpk-7t38Za-6PScxR-cpxVbo-648doP-aFh8ap-6mnYzN-6miQn4-6miQda-5RzRS-ddCYGh-674fMr-dUru2M-n9Ucgb-6iKanm-e1xvJN-fn6rt7-zN9cF-5AGJWT-6FMy9d-6mod8G-cXUoHE-kK7WFW-83w2vW-6xC4gr-5ByHJ8-89MmNJ-mvXTH-5SfKbs-hrJNp-9hJaaj-4o6FZs-duAp8V-5SfKbL-cb8iwj\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-20982\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z.jpg\" alt='The family first used a scene from the movie \"Aladdin\" to connect to their son. (JD Hancock/Flickr)' width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/08/7486431222_640d5c139f_z-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The family first used a scene from the movie \"Aladdin\" to connect to their son. (JD Hancock/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Kathy Shield\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Owen Suskind was a normal toddler, learning to speak in full sentences and happily playing in the backyard with his older brother, Walt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Owen wasn’t merely watching these movies, he was hearing them and learning through the characters.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That all changed at age 3, when Owen stopped speaking, and in the space of a single month, his entire vocabulary was reduced to one word: juice. Owen was diagnosed with late-onset regressive autism. Though his developmental trajectory was typical for children with this form of autism, this fact offered no comfort to his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Owen has grown into a relatively self-sufficient young man. He graduated from a college-like program for young adults on the autism spectrum and is now living semi-independently in an apartment.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story of how Owen went from a 3-year-old who could barely speak for years to living somewhat independently has been chronicled by Owen's father, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Ron Suskind, in a book \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Life-Animated-Sidekicks-Heroes-Autism/dp/1423180364\" target=\"_blank\">Life, Animated\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the word \"animated\" in the title of the book that is key. That's because when Owen stopped speaking, he continued watching the Disney movies he had always loved. If anything, his fondness for them became stronger. But after some time, Suskind and his wife Cornelia realized that Owen wasn’t merely watching these movies, he was hearing them and learning through the characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind realized that this affinity was also an opportunity. He used Owen’s affection for Iago, the parrot sidekick in the movie \"Aladdin,\" to try to have a real conversation with his son. He hid under the blanket in his son's room, held up an Iago puppet and, speaking in Iago's accent, father was able to finally –- after more than three years of silence –- connect to son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind reenacted this conversation for Michael Krasny on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201407151000\" target=\"_blank\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> recently, complete with the accents and mannerisms necessary to convince a child –- then 6 –- that he was talking to a parrot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire family began to use the movies as a way to get into Owen’s head, communicating with Owen as though they were his favorite characters. They began living double lives. In his book, Suskind explains their basement sessions. “During daylight, we go about our lives,\" he writes. \"At night, we become animated characters.” The first basement session was while watching \"The Jungle Book,\" when its trademark song came on. As Suskind describes in his book:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“‘The Bare Necessities’ is a talking song, with the melody broken up by dialogue. … In my best attempt at the voice and inflection of Phil Harris, who voices the bear, I hit play and then say: ‘Look, now it’s like this, little britches. All you’ve got to do is…’\u003cbr>\nJust as Baloo [the bear] looks at Mowgli [the boy], I look at Owen; he looks squarely back at me – then it happens. Right on cue, he says, ‘You eat ants?’ That’s Mowgli’s line – he speaks it as Mowgli, almost like a tape recording. … Cornelia catches my eye; I shake my head – both of us feeling the same unmoored sensation. The inflection, ease of speech, is something he can’t otherwise muster. But it’s in context, as are his reactions. It’s almost like there’s no autism.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And it went further. As time progressed, the family regularly used segments of Disney dialogue to speak to Owen and, with time, Owen used them to speak back. For the family, often the “last line [of a scene] is the destination, the inspiring kicker to the exchange. Hearing it, Owen smiles … and then he’ll often do something he’s fearful of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not always. Sometimes, the scenes were just a fun way for Owen and Walt, his older brother, to have a bit of fun. And as Owen grew older, Disney became his dream. He filled stacks of sketchbooks with versions of his favorite characters. He created mental mappings of all the voice actors, directors, and animators that worked on every video. With his parents, Owen visited Disney’s animation studios, where he still hopes to work someday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power of the Suskind family's story isn’t just that they persevered and found ways to finally reach their autistic son. The power comes from the fact that their story is not unusual. Many children with autism have what Suskind calls an \"affinity.\" Disney is certainly popular, but so is Tim Burton. Affinities range from maps to logos, wood chimes to hockey stats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who called \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201407151000\" target=\"_blank\">Forum\u003c/a> said she “felt you were talking about my son. He is 4 years old, he’s autistic,\" she said, and \"he has memorized tons of Disney shows.” Suskind encouraged this mother to continue connecting and finding ways to relate to her son's affinities, because the affinities themselves are “crucial, but just as crucial is to use them to connect [your autistic child] to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suskind went on to describe a friend whose autistic son has an affection for maps. Though the father was at a loss, Suskind explained that everything can be related to maps, for they “are the two-dimensional rendering of all humanity. … Every town and every map has a history, a narrative.” He said Cornelia made the key revelation: “Respect the affinity, and we respect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping parents form these connections through their children’s affinities is why Suskind created the \u003ca href=\"http://lifeanimated.net/autism_affinities_project/\" target=\"_blank\">Autism Affinities Project\u003c/a>, where parents of autistic children can come together to describe and understand their child’s obsessions. Neuroscientists and psychologists around the country are also teaming up to study both affinities in autistic children and the affinity therapy that the Suskinds essentially pioneered to help their son navigate the world.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18470\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/04/health-equity.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-18470\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/04/health-equity-640x436.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"436\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By April Laissle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is well behind almost every other state when it comes to caring for its kids, according to an\u003ca href=\"www.childrennow.org/2014_kcdb\" target=\"_blank\"> annual report\u003c/a> from the Annie E. Casey Foundation and its Oakland-based partner, Children Now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report looks at four indicators of children's well-being: family stability, economic stability, health, and education. This year, California inched up one spot to 40th overall, \u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">but ranked 26th in the health category.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of that progress is due to the expansion of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act, though advocates say there is still work to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have increased the number of children now that are on Medi-Cal,\" said Jessica Mindnich, research director at Children Now. \"But do these kids actually have access to doctors and to dentists? Are they able to get in in a timely manner?\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California dropped several small health care programs for children during the recession, including one that provided dental care to low-income kids at their schools. These losses, Mindnich says, can affect many aspects of children's well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to restore our safety net programs that we had for kids, so that we can make sure all kids are healthy, that all kids are safe, and that all kids are in school and learning,\" said Mindnich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state did make strides in one area. California's teen birth rate has fallen 63 percent since 1990, the largest decline of all states. Mindnich attributes the progress to improved sex education policies and wider access to contraceptives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's because we had committed leadership, and we had sustained efforts dating back to 1992,\" said Mindnich. \"So we know that we can see these numbers improve.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other states have bumped up their rankings by getting more kids into early education and ensuring they have full access to quality health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California is a unique state. We're much more diverse, and much larger than a state like Massachusetts. And I think because of our size and diversity, I don't think it's going to be as simple as it may be in other states. Our policies will need to be more nuanced.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18470\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/04/health-equity.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-18470\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/04/health-equity-640x436.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"436\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By April Laissle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is well behind almost every other state when it comes to caring for its kids, according to an\u003ca href=\"www.childrennow.org/2014_kcdb\" target=\"_blank\"> annual report\u003c/a> from the Annie E. Casey Foundation and its Oakland-based partner, Children Now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report looks at four indicators of children's well-being: family stability, economic stability, health, and education. This year, California inched up one spot to 40th overall, \u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">but ranked 26th in the health category.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of that progress is due to the expansion of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act, though advocates say there is still work to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have increased the number of children now that are on Medi-Cal,\" said Jessica Mindnich, research director at Children Now. \"But do these kids actually have access to doctors and to dentists? Are they able to get in in a timely manner?\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California dropped several small health care programs for children during the recession, including one that provided dental care to low-income kids at their schools. These losses, Mindnich says, can affect many aspects of children's well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to restore our safety net programs that we had for kids, so that we can make sure all kids are healthy, that all kids are safe, and that all kids are in school and learning,\" said Mindnich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state did make strides in one area. California's teen birth rate has fallen 63 percent since 1990, the largest decline of all states. Mindnich attributes the progress to improved sex education policies and wider access to contraceptives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's because we had committed leadership, and we had sustained efforts dating back to 1992,\" said Mindnich. \"So we know that we can see these numbers improve.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other states have bumped up their rankings by getting more kids into early education and ensuring they have full access to quality health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California is a unique state. We're much more diverse, and much larger than a state like Massachusetts. And I think because of our size and diversity, I don't think it's going to be as simple as it may be in other states. Our policies will need to be more nuanced.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19968\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/07/IMG_0172-e1404333661648.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-19968 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/07/IMG_0172-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_0172\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bernice Arnett, school nurse for the Newman-Crows Landing Unified School District, is in charge of student health at the district's seven public schools. (Ryder Diaz/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: School nursing is more than Band-Aids and ice packs. Nurses help students with complex medical conditions and tough home lives. Bernice Arnett is a nurse for seven schools in Newman-Crows Landing Unified School District -- two Central Valley towns just south of Modesto. This month, our ongoing health series called \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\">Vital Signs\u003c/a> \u003c/strong>focuses on prevention. Arnett talks about how she's working to keep students and families in her community healthy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Bernice Arnett\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been days where I have visited all seven sites in one day. But I was doing reactive nursing rather than proactive nursing. There were times that I'd have to actually triage in my head what I should go do first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You treat the whole student. Sometimes you treat the whole family. And a lot of times, families are desperate. They don't know where to turn.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're overwhelmed and sometimes it's as simple as making a phone call and getting three bags of groceries for them for the weekend. It's almost like they see the light of day again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of our children come from single parent homes. Some come from domestic violence, and some of these little people come to school worried about their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had a little boy that just could not sit in class. It was just day in and day out he was in my office, crying. He had a stomach ache. It was this and that, and I thought, 'Something does not feel right.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the parents had separated. Dad had made a threatening remark to the mom and the child had heard it. And so every day she made him come to school. And everyday he was in school sick -- physically ill at the thought that Mom may be injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I contacted Mom and had to give her directions on how to file a restraining order. It took some doing to finally to get this little person to understand that he could come to school and learn again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it might not be under the \"nursing category,\" but if it needs to be done, you do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Ryder Diaz.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/157979872&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #114999\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\" target=\"_blank\">Share your own story about health in your community on the radio.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19968\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/07/IMG_0172-e1404333661648.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-19968 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/07/IMG_0172-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_0172\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bernice Arnett, school nurse for the Newman-Crows Landing Unified School District, is in charge of student health at the district's seven public schools. (Ryder Diaz/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: School nursing is more than Band-Aids and ice packs. Nurses help students with complex medical conditions and tough home lives. Bernice Arnett is a nurse for seven schools in Newman-Crows Landing Unified School District -- two Central Valley towns just south of Modesto. This month, our ongoing health series called \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\">Vital Signs\u003c/a> \u003c/strong>focuses on prevention. Arnett talks about how she's working to keep students and families in her community healthy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Bernice Arnett\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been days where I have visited all seven sites in one day. But I was doing reactive nursing rather than proactive nursing. There were times that I'd have to actually triage in my head what I should go do first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You treat the whole student. Sometimes you treat the whole family. And a lot of times, families are desperate. They don't know where to turn.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're overwhelmed and sometimes it's as simple as making a phone call and getting three bags of groceries for them for the weekend. It's almost like they see the light of day again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of our children come from single parent homes. Some come from domestic violence, and some of these little people come to school worried about their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had a little boy that just could not sit in class. It was just day in and day out he was in my office, crying. He had a stomach ache. It was this and that, and I thought, 'Something does not feel right.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the parents had separated. Dad had made a threatening remark to the mom and the child had heard it. And so every day she made him come to school. And everyday he was in school sick -- physically ill at the thought that Mom may be injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I contacted Mom and had to give her directions on how to file a restraining order. It took some doing to finally to get this little person to understand that he could come to school and learn again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it might not be under the \"nursing category,\" but if it needs to be done, you do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Ryder Diaz.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/157979872&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #114999\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\" target=\"_blank\">Share your own story about health in your community on the radio.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Stanford Tests Artificial Pancreas on Children with Diabetes",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19630\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-19630\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Study participant Tia Geri explains how this artificial pancreas works. (April Laissle/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Study participant Tia Geri explains how her artificial pancreas works. (April Laissle/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By April Laissle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week seven children are participating in a Stanford research study in a somewhat unusual setting -- a hotel in Newark, outside San Francisco. Researchers are testing an \"artificial pancreas\" on these children who all have Type 1 diabetes. The device is the latest advance in diabetes management technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We're trying to push this system to the limit by having the kids eat a lot and get out and run.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The artificial pancreas is an android phone loaded with software mimicking the function of a real pancreas. Using bluetooth, the device communicates with two monitors attached to the patient's body; one that keeps track of blood sugar levels and another that pumps insulin into the body when those sugar levels are too high. It determines when and how much insulin to release and sends that information to the insulin pump without patient intervention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">Researchers say the device could simplify the lives of those with diabetes by taking the guesswork out of treating the disease.\u003c/span>\u003c/span> \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents will often wake up multiple times each night to ensure their child's blood sugar levels are within the normal range and correct the problem if they aren't. The artificial pancreas could help eliminate those interruptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you've been getting up in the middle of the night for years, it drains you,\" said Dr. Bruce Buckingham, a Stanford pediatric endocrinologist and head of the study. \"You're brain-dead. And typically you're only getting three or so readings a night. This device takes a reading every 5 minutes, and adjusts the insulin by itself based on those readings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study the seven children, all under age 15, volunteered to spend four days and three nights in the Newark hotel to put the device to the test. Each day, the group eats meals at nearby restaurants and plays outside -- all while Stanford researchers monitor their blood sugar and insulin levels by accessing the device's readings online. They're trying to determine how well the artificial pancreas copes with the lifestyles of typical teenagers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to push this system to the limit by having the kids eat a lot and get out and run,\" said Prof. Marc Breton, with the Center for Diabetes Technology at the University of Virginia. \"We want to drive the system to the ground, so whatever errors that still exist are found today, as soon as possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamar Sofer-Geri is the founder of CarbDM, a non-profit diabetes support group, Her daughter, Tia, is one of the children in the study. \"Managing diabetes is a 24/7, 365 days a year full-time job where you get no vacations and no breaks,\" she said. \"It's a huge job for anyone to take on, certainly a child. So any technology that makes that easier or takes any elements out of the equation is something we're interested in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, researchers say the results have been positive, and that's encouraging news to Sofer-Geri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would dramatically change the way she lives her life,\" said Sofer-Geri, referring to her daughter. \"This would take so much of the decision making out of the equation. You're still wearing devices, but those devices are making the decisions for you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buckingham plans to replicate the study at diabetes camps across the state this summer. Home trials are set to begin by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/155864700&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19630\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-19630\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Study participant Tia Geri explains how this artificial pancreas works. (April Laissle/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2014/06/RS10930_2013-06-02-03.17.50-hpf-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Study participant Tia Geri explains how her artificial pancreas works. (April Laissle/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By April Laissle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week seven children are participating in a Stanford research study in a somewhat unusual setting -- a hotel in Newark, outside San Francisco. Researchers are testing an \"artificial pancreas\" on these children who all have Type 1 diabetes. The device is the latest advance in diabetes management technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We're trying to push this system to the limit by having the kids eat a lot and get out and run.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The artificial pancreas is an android phone loaded with software mimicking the function of a real pancreas. Using bluetooth, the device communicates with two monitors attached to the patient's body; one that keeps track of blood sugar levels and another that pumps insulin into the body when those sugar levels are too high. It determines when and how much insulin to release and sends that information to the insulin pump without patient intervention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #000000\">\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">Researchers say the device could simplify the lives of those with diabetes by taking the guesswork out of treating the disease.\u003c/span>\u003c/span> \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents will often wake up multiple times each night to ensure their child's blood sugar levels are within the normal range and correct the problem if they aren't. The artificial pancreas could help eliminate those interruptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you've been getting up in the middle of the night for years, it drains you,\" said Dr. Bruce Buckingham, a Stanford pediatric endocrinologist and head of the study. \"You're brain-dead. And typically you're only getting three or so readings a night. This device takes a reading every 5 minutes, and adjusts the insulin by itself based on those readings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study the seven children, all under age 15, volunteered to spend four days and three nights in the Newark hotel to put the device to the test. Each day, the group eats meals at nearby restaurants and plays outside -- all while Stanford researchers monitor their blood sugar and insulin levels by accessing the device's readings online. They're trying to determine how well the artificial pancreas copes with the lifestyles of typical teenagers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to push this system to the limit by having the kids eat a lot and get out and run,\" said Prof. Marc Breton, with the Center for Diabetes Technology at the University of Virginia. \"We want to drive the system to the ground, so whatever errors that still exist are found today, as soon as possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamar Sofer-Geri is the founder of CarbDM, a non-profit diabetes support group, Her daughter, Tia, is one of the children in the study. \"Managing diabetes is a 24/7, 365 days a year full-time job where you get no vacations and no breaks,\" she said. \"It's a huge job for anyone to take on, certainly a child. So any technology that makes that easier or takes any elements out of the equation is something we're interested in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, researchers say the results have been positive, and that's encouraging news to Sofer-Geri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would dramatically change the way she lives her life,\" said Sofer-Geri, referring to her daughter. \"This would take so much of the decision making out of the equation. You're still wearing devices, but those devices are making the decisions for you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buckingham plans to replicate the study at diabetes camps across the state this summer. Home trials are set to begin by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/155864700&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Another Step Closer to Autism Therapy as Medi-Cal Benefit?",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/03/183682661-e1395966642552.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-18394\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/03/183682661-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By David Gorn,\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/capitol-desk/2014/6/california-may-be-pushed-to-offer-autism-treatment-as-medical-benefit#.U6NDpLXgICg.twitter\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS officials last week approved a state plan amendment for the state of Washington that includes autism therapy as a Medicaid benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the second state in a month to receive that go-ahead from the federal government, and it means autism coverage should be a Medi-Cal benefit in California, as well, according to Kristin Jacobson, president of Autism Deserves Equal Coverage, a not-for-profit autism advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget passed this week by the California Legislature omitted autism therapy as a Medi-Cal benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autism advocates hope one day soon CMS will make it clear that applied behavior analysis treatment -- known as ABA therapy -- should be a required benefit for all states receiving Medicaid, including California.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks as if that day is already here, Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling by CMS in Washington state, and earlier in Louisiana, combine to \"clearly establish\" that ABA therapy is a Medicaid benefit, Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It shouldn't vary from state to state because it's a federal benefit. The feds have spoken by approving [the benefit coverage] in both Louisiana and Washington. It shows that the Louisiana approval is not somehow a unique situation,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials have said they're watching the cases in other states closely, particularly in Washington, since that state's rules around autism treatment are similar to California's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_auto_sidebar id=\"AjurOcz0t2FwjHtorRejPFS96LEZfSuj\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CMS gave approval of coverage to Louisiana, state officials here issued a statement about it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California and other states are currently awaiting guidance on ABA services from CMS, which we expect to receive soon,\" said Norman Williams, deputy director of public affairs for DHCS. \"This guidance is what will be used to set policy direction for the inclusion of ABA therapy as a covered Medicaid benefit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if the Washington state approval was actually federal guidance, Williams said only that they \"continue to await forthcoming guidance from CMS as it relates specifically to California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over two days of inquiry, CMS officials declined to comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of that doesn't sit well with Jacobson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think any further guidance is necessary. It's a bit of excuse for them to say they need more guidance,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it's an approvable benefit, then it's a required benefit. … Washington asked for guidance and CMS told them. Louisiana asked for guidance and CMS told them. It's disappointing that the administration has still been so resistant and keeps wanting more guidance. At this point, they shouldn't need more,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think the families can keep waiting. That's not acceptable, and it's not legally compliant, either,\" she said. \"Given the state's position [acknowledging] the benefits of ABA therapy, it's unconscionable that they're not providing it to this population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Louisiana and Washington approvals were prompted by lawsuits. \"I hope we don't have to do that, but we're not going to rule it out till we see them moving forward for this benefit,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/03/183682661-e1395966642552.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-18394\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/03/183682661-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By David Gorn,\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/capitol-desk/2014/6/california-may-be-pushed-to-offer-autism-treatment-as-medical-benefit#.U6NDpLXgICg.twitter\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS officials last week approved a state plan amendment for the state of Washington that includes autism therapy as a Medicaid benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the second state in a month to receive that go-ahead from the federal government, and it means autism coverage should be a Medi-Cal benefit in California, as well, according to Kristin Jacobson, president of Autism Deserves Equal Coverage, a not-for-profit autism advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget passed this week by the California Legislature omitted autism therapy as a Medi-Cal benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autism advocates hope one day soon CMS will make it clear that applied behavior analysis treatment -- known as ABA therapy -- should be a required benefit for all states receiving Medicaid, including California.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks as if that day is already here, Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling by CMS in Washington state, and earlier in Louisiana, combine to \"clearly establish\" that ABA therapy is a Medicaid benefit, Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It shouldn't vary from state to state because it's a federal benefit. The feds have spoken by approving [the benefit coverage] in both Louisiana and Washington. It shows that the Louisiana approval is not somehow a unique situation,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials have said they're watching the cases in other states closely, particularly in Washington, since that state's rules around autism treatment are similar to California's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_auto_sidebar id=\"AjurOcz0t2FwjHtorRejPFS96LEZfSuj\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CMS gave approval of coverage to Louisiana, state officials here issued a statement about it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California and other states are currently awaiting guidance on ABA services from CMS, which we expect to receive soon,\" said Norman Williams, deputy director of public affairs for DHCS. \"This guidance is what will be used to set policy direction for the inclusion of ABA therapy as a covered Medicaid benefit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if the Washington state approval was actually federal guidance, Williams said only that they \"continue to await forthcoming guidance from CMS as it relates specifically to California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over two days of inquiry, CMS officials declined to comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of that doesn't sit well with Jacobson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think any further guidance is necessary. It's a bit of excuse for them to say they need more guidance,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it's an approvable benefit, then it's a required benefit. … Washington asked for guidance and CMS told them. Louisiana asked for guidance and CMS told them. It's disappointing that the administration has still been so resistant and keeps wanting more guidance. At this point, they shouldn't need more,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think the families can keep waiting. That's not acceptable, and it's not legally compliant, either,\" she said. \"Given the state's position [acknowledging] the benefits of ABA therapy, it's unconscionable that they're not providing it to this population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Louisiana and Washington approvals were prompted by lawsuits. \"I hope we don't have to do that, but we're not going to rule it out till we see them moving forward for this benefit,\" Jacobson said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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