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Chan School of Public Health shows that only one-third of Americans say the health care they receive is \"excellent.\" Even fewer people are impressed with the system as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're talking about health care, we have this amazing kind of schizophrenia about our system,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.apha.org/about-apha/executive-board-and-staff/apha-executive-board/georges-c-benjamin-md-facp-fnapa-facep-hon-frsph\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Georges Benjamin\u003c/a>, executive director of the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The split in thinking shows up in the poll numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much the way people hate Congress but love their own representatives, people like the care they receive while complaining about the system. About 80 percent say they get good or excellent care. But 42 percent rate the health care system in their state as fair or poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We deliver the best medicine and nursing on the planet, no question about it. But it requires a lot of things,\" Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things like an insurance card, filling out lots of forms, paying copays and deductibles, and running from doctor to lab to imaging center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system is wildly complex and hard to navigate, and can be very frustrating. Benjamin says it's this process of getting health care that people hate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just ask Cheryl Vaun, one of our poll respondents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 57-year-old from Albany, Ore., has a low opinion of the health care system after spending years trying to help her daughter who fell suddenly ill as a teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 16-year-old gained 30 pounds in about a month. She had migraines and her muscles would seize up in pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaun and her daughter went from doctor to doctor repeating the same tests and procedures. When doctors couldn't figure out what was wrong, they offered Vaun's daughter antidepressants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were pretty upset,\" she says. \"My daughter was devastated because obviously she's suffering all of these health issues and it was a bit terrifying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaun's daughter was finally diagnosed with acute anemia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the problem had been caught earlier, Vaun believes her daughter could have recovered. Instead it has become a chronic condition that leaves her tired and weak. The treatment is iron pills or injections, which are hard on her system and leave her sick to her stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeat tests, multiple doctor visits and lack of results erode people's faith in their care, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.allhealth.org/aboutus_staff.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Dash\u003c/a>, vice president for health policy at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.allhealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alliance for Health Reform\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-154912\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-02-29 at 10.49.16 AM\" width=\"819\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM.png 819w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-400x173.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-800x347.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-768x333.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Health care hasn't always been designed with the needs and efficiency of the patient in mind,\" Dash says. \"It's designed for the various doctors and the health care system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll, conducted from September to November, also shows that quality of care can depend heavily on a patient's income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults with incomes below $25,000 a year are about three times as likely as higher income people — 34 percent versus 13 percent — to say the health care they personally receive is only fair or poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Dale Coger, 52, is one of them. The carpenter from Oak Hill, W.Va., says he's been unable to get help for his back, which he injured about 15 years ago while hauling pipe out of a well on his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His pain, mild at first, has gotten worse over the years. These days, he struggles to get out of bed in the morning and finds his left leg is unstable and his left foot goes numb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's gotten to the point that this pain travels clear up my back into my shoulder blade into my left side of my neck and gives me migraine headaches sometimes into the left side of my head,\" Coger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's on disability and Medicaid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coger sees doctors at a local clinic, but he says they don't take his back trouble seriously. They recommend exercise and offer ibuprofen. He thinks surgery would be able to help him but says doctors at the clinic refuse to order an MRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be cured,\" he says. \"I don't want pills. I don't like pills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin of the APHA says Coger and his doctors don't seem to have the same goal. They're managing his pain; he wants to get back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It can be really frustrating if you don't understand the end goal of your care,\" Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dash says the Affordable Care Act includes lots of\u003ca href=\"http://www.hlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/ACA-Pilot-Programs-and-Demonstration-Projects-Summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> pilot projects\u003c/a> to improve how patients get care — and to make it cheaper. But those changes come slowly in a system that today is wildly complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for most people, the law seems to have changed little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NPR poll shows 74 percent of people believe their health care has stayed about the same since the ACA was implemented. And for the minority who've seen a change, about 14 percent say their care is better while 9 percent say it's worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most think the law has had no direct impact on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if they didn't buy a plan through the exchange, people have more insurance benefits than they did before. They get free screenings like mammograms and colonoscopies. Birth control is free. And they can still buy insurance even if they have a pre-existing medical condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people aren't aware of that, though. Our poll shows only 1 in 6 adults think their benefits have increased in the past two years, and 12 percent believe they've declined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many people still don't like the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivan Rivera, 29, from Miami, says he is opposed to Obamacare and is angry that he's required to get insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he works hard, takes care of his own health and doesn't want to have to subsidize coverage for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're paying for other people,\" he says. \"People that are not working. People who are not pulling their own weight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Many+Dislike+Health+Care+System+But+Are+Pleased+With+Their+Own+Care&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The United States has the most advanced health care in the world. There are gleaming medical centers across the country where doctors cure cancers, transplant organs and bring people back from near death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/02/29/467980734/health-quality-an-issue-for-poor-2-years-into-obamacare-poll-finds\" target=\"_blank\">poll\u003c/a> conducted by NPR, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health shows that only one-third of Americans say the health care they receive is \"excellent.\" Even fewer people are impressed with the system as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're talking about health care, we have this amazing kind of schizophrenia about our system,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.apha.org/about-apha/executive-board-and-staff/apha-executive-board/georges-c-benjamin-md-facp-fnapa-facep-hon-frsph\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Georges Benjamin\u003c/a>, executive director of the American Public Health Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The split in thinking shows up in the poll numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much the way people hate Congress but love their own representatives, people like the care they receive while complaining about the system. About 80 percent say they get good or excellent care. But 42 percent rate the health care system in their state as fair or poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We deliver the best medicine and nursing on the planet, no question about it. But it requires a lot of things,\" Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things like an insurance card, filling out lots of forms, paying copays and deductibles, and running from doctor to lab to imaging center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system is wildly complex and hard to navigate, and can be very frustrating. Benjamin says it's this process of getting health care that people hate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just ask Cheryl Vaun, one of our poll respondents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 57-year-old from Albany, Ore., has a low opinion of the health care system after spending years trying to help her daughter who fell suddenly ill as a teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 16-year-old gained 30 pounds in about a month. She had migraines and her muscles would seize up in pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaun and her daughter went from doctor to doctor repeating the same tests and procedures. When doctors couldn't figure out what was wrong, they offered Vaun's daughter antidepressants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were pretty upset,\" she says. \"My daughter was devastated because obviously she's suffering all of these health issues and it was a bit terrifying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaun's daughter was finally diagnosed with acute anemia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the problem had been caught earlier, Vaun believes her daughter could have recovered. Instead it has become a chronic condition that leaves her tired and weak. The treatment is iron pills or injections, which are hard on her system and leave her sick to her stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeat tests, multiple doctor visits and lack of results erode people's faith in their care, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.allhealth.org/aboutus_staff.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Dash\u003c/a>, vice president for health policy at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.allhealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alliance for Health Reform\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-154912\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-02-29 at 10.49.16 AM\" width=\"819\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM.png 819w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-400x173.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-800x347.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-29-at-10.49.16-AM-768x333.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Health care hasn't always been designed with the needs and efficiency of the patient in mind,\" Dash says. \"It's designed for the various doctors and the health care system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll, conducted from September to November, also shows that quality of care can depend heavily on a patient's income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults with incomes below $25,000 a year are about three times as likely as higher income people — 34 percent versus 13 percent — to say the health care they personally receive is only fair or poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Dale Coger, 52, is one of them. The carpenter from Oak Hill, W.Va., says he's been unable to get help for his back, which he injured about 15 years ago while hauling pipe out of a well on his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His pain, mild at first, has gotten worse over the years. These days, he struggles to get out of bed in the morning and finds his left leg is unstable and his left foot goes numb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's gotten to the point that this pain travels clear up my back into my shoulder blade into my left side of my neck and gives me migraine headaches sometimes into the left side of my head,\" Coger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's on disability and Medicaid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coger sees doctors at a local clinic, but he says they don't take his back trouble seriously. They recommend exercise and offer ibuprofen. He thinks surgery would be able to help him but says doctors at the clinic refuse to order an MRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be cured,\" he says. \"I don't want pills. I don't like pills.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benjamin of the APHA says Coger and his doctors don't seem to have the same goal. They're managing his pain; he wants to get back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It can be really frustrating if you don't understand the end goal of your care,\" Benjamin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dash says the Affordable Care Act includes lots of\u003ca href=\"http://www.hlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/ACA-Pilot-Programs-and-Demonstration-Projects-Summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> pilot projects\u003c/a> to improve how patients get care — and to make it cheaper. But those changes come slowly in a system that today is wildly complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for most people, the law seems to have changed little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NPR poll shows 74 percent of people believe their health care has stayed about the same since the ACA was implemented. And for the minority who've seen a change, about 14 percent say their care is better while 9 percent say it's worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most think the law has had no direct impact on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if they didn't buy a plan through the exchange, people have more insurance benefits than they did before. They get free screenings like mammograms and colonoscopies. Birth control is free. And they can still buy insurance even if they have a pre-existing medical condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people aren't aware of that, though. Our poll shows only 1 in 6 adults think their benefits have increased in the past two years, and 12 percent believe they've declined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many people still don't like the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivan Rivera, 29, from Miami, says he is opposed to Obamacare and is angry that he's required to get insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he works hard, takes care of his own health and doesn't want to have to subsidize coverage for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're paying for other people,\" he says. \"People that are not working. People who are not pulling their own weight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Many+Dislike+Health+Care+System+But+Are+Pleased+With+Their+Own+Care&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California OB-GYNs Navigate Catholic Hospitals' Restrictions",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"inaugural\">On a recent morning, Dr. Brian Fenmore listened to the heartbeat of the baby growing inside a pregnant patient's belly at Providence Tarzana Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything looked and sounded normal, he says. But the woman is 42-years-old, with diabetes. Fenmore explained that she's at higher risk of having a Cesarean birth. That spurred another discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you were to say to me, 'I'm done after this, and I want my tubes tied,' this is a discussion we have to have,\" Fenmore told his patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249102583\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says immediately following a C-section is\u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Health-Care-for-Underserved-Women/Access-to-Postpartum-Sterilization\" target=\"_blank\"> the \"ideal time\" to perform the tubal ligation procedure, \u003c/a>\"because of technical ease and convenience for the woman and physician.\" But Fenmore explained that under Providence's religiously-based ethical guidelines, he was prohibited from doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the rest of the story on\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/02/09/57313/ob-gyn-s-navigate-catholic-hospital-s-ethical-rule/\" target=\"_blank\"> KPCC\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Catholic hospitals are governed by ethical directives drafted by Catholic bishops. Doctors may not perform certain birth control procedures at these hospitals.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"inaugural\">On a recent morning, Dr. Brian Fenmore listened to the heartbeat of the baby growing inside a pregnant patient's belly at Providence Tarzana Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything looked and sounded normal, he says. But the woman is 42-years-old, with diabetes. Fenmore explained that she's at higher risk of having a Cesarean birth. That spurred another discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you were to say to me, 'I'm done after this, and I want my tubes tied,' this is a discussion we have to have,\" Fenmore told his patient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249102583&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249102583'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says immediately following a C-section is\u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Health-Care-for-Underserved-Women/Access-to-Postpartum-Sterilization\" target=\"_blank\"> the \"ideal time\" to perform the tubal ligation procedure, \u003c/a>\"because of technical ease and convenience for the woman and physician.\" But Fenmore explained that under Providence's religiously-based ethical guidelines, he was prohibited from doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>New research finds that young transgender children who have “socially transitioned” — living their lives under the gender they identify with — had positive mental health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Crucially important’ research\u003ccite>Dr. Ilana Sherer, UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Until now, studies had shown significantly higher rates for depression and anxiety in transgender children. \u003ca href=\"http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/AFSP-Williams-Suicide-Report-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nearly half attempt suicide \u003c/a>by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the University of Washington looked at 73 children ages 3-12 living as their identified gender and compared those children against two control groups — their own siblings and another group. They found average scores for depression and only slightly elevated anxiety rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It puts out the possibility that being a transgender child doesn’t have to be associated with negative mental health outcomes in the way that to date the research has suggested,” said \u003ca href=\"https://depts.washington.edu/transyp/people/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristina Olson\u003c/a>, Ph.D., lead author of the study and director of the university’s TransYouth Project. She hopes to follow these children for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is the first analysis of mental health outcomes in a group of socially transitioned transgender children. The study was published in the journal Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who had suspected their children might be transgender and began research on their own would find depressing mental health outcomes, until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those felt like terrifying statistics to hold as a parent,” said one mother (who did not want to be identified by name out of concern for her child’s privacy), 42, of Oakland, one of the families in the study. She and her partner have two children, an older girl and a second child, now 6, born as a boy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By age 3 and a half “it became increasingly clear,” she said said, “that there was something going on … that was pulling him into the realm of traditional girliness, and as it continued, it grew in intensity and grew in its consistency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intensity of gender identity was true of most kids in the study, “These are kids who are very persistent and insistent about their gender identity,” said Olson, “and those are the only kids that experts working in this area have advised that these social transitions might be useful for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother and her partner began researching on their own and later with experts. While she knew adults who had transitioned, “I had never heard of transgender children. I didn’t know it had the capability of dating back to such early childhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just before his 5th birthday her son asked to be called a girl. The Oakland mother and her partner supported their child’s choice to live as girl. She already had a gender neutral name and began dressing as a girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now having a child who has lived in their identified gender for a year and a half, I have no doubt that we’re making the right decision,” she said, adding that her daughter is well-adjusted at school and is accepted as a girl by her peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the children in the study had any medical or surgical treatments. “No one in the country does medical or surgical interventions with kids this young,” said Olson. Estimates of the rate of transgender children range from 0.3 to 0.8 percent of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group of children Olson is studying, initially 73, has now grown to 153. None has transitioned back. She said her project \u003ca href=\"https://depts.washington.edu/transyp/participate/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">welcomes additional participants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an accompanying editorial, Ilana Sherer a pediatrician and assistant medical director of UC San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/clinics/child_and_adolescent_gender_center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Child and Adolescent Gender Center\u003c/a> called the research “crucially important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Olson and her colleagues give supporters of social transition evidence of what we have suspected all along: that socially transitioned children are doing fine, or at least as well as their age-matched peers and siblings. This finding is truly stunning in light of the numerous studies that show depression and anxiety … up to 3 times higher for non-socially transitioned children.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>For the children in this study, family support appears to be key. But Olson pointed out that it’s a big decision for a family to take the step of supporting a socially-transitioned child, and not all families today are likely to make this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably there are some attributes about the families who have done this that are unique to them,” Olson said. She stressed the need for more research to illuminate whether it’s those “other qualities” or the social transition itself that promotes the positive mental health outcomes seen in this analysis.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>New research finds that young transgender children who have “socially transitioned” — living their lives under the gender they identify with — had positive mental health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Crucially important’ research\u003ccite>Dr. Ilana Sherer, UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Until now, studies had shown significantly higher rates for depression and anxiety in transgender children. \u003ca href=\"http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/AFSP-Williams-Suicide-Report-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nearly half attempt suicide \u003c/a>by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the University of Washington looked at 73 children ages 3-12 living as their identified gender and compared those children against two control groups — their own siblings and another group. They found average scores for depression and only slightly elevated anxiety rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It puts out the possibility that being a transgender child doesn’t have to be associated with negative mental health outcomes in the way that to date the research has suggested,” said \u003ca href=\"https://depts.washington.edu/transyp/people/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristina Olson\u003c/a>, Ph.D., lead author of the study and director of the university’s TransYouth Project. She hopes to follow these children for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is the first analysis of mental health outcomes in a group of socially transitioned transgender children. The study was published in the journal Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who had suspected their children might be transgender and began research on their own would find depressing mental health outcomes, until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those felt like terrifying statistics to hold as a parent,” said one mother (who did not want to be identified by name out of concern for her child’s privacy), 42, of Oakland, one of the families in the study. She and her partner have two children, an older girl and a second child, now 6, born as a boy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By age 3 and a half “it became increasingly clear,” she said said, “that there was something going on … that was pulling him into the realm of traditional girliness, and as it continued, it grew in intensity and grew in its consistency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intensity of gender identity was true of most kids in the study, “These are kids who are very persistent and insistent about their gender identity,” said Olson, “and those are the only kids that experts working in this area have advised that these social transitions might be useful for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother and her partner began researching on their own and later with experts. While she knew adults who had transitioned, “I had never heard of transgender children. I didn’t know it had the capability of dating back to such early childhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just before his 5th birthday her son asked to be called a girl. The Oakland mother and her partner supported their child’s choice to live as girl. She already had a gender neutral name and began dressing as a girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now having a child who has lived in their identified gender for a year and a half, I have no doubt that we’re making the right decision,” she said, adding that her daughter is well-adjusted at school and is accepted as a girl by her peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the children in the study had any medical or surgical treatments. “No one in the country does medical or surgical interventions with kids this young,” said Olson. Estimates of the rate of transgender children range from 0.3 to 0.8 percent of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group of children Olson is studying, initially 73, has now grown to 153. None has transitioned back. She said her project \u003ca href=\"https://depts.washington.edu/transyp/participate/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">welcomes additional participants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an accompanying editorial, Ilana Sherer a pediatrician and assistant medical director of UC San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/clinics/child_and_adolescent_gender_center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Child and Adolescent Gender Center\u003c/a> called the research “crucially important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Olson and her colleagues give supporters of social transition evidence of what we have suspected all along: that socially transitioned children are doing fine, or at least as well as their age-matched peers and siblings. This finding is truly stunning in light of the numerous studies that show depression and anxiety … up to 3 times higher for non-socially transitioned children.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>For the children in this study, family support appears to be key. But Olson pointed out that it’s a big decision for a family to take the step of supporting a socially-transitioned child, and not all families today are likely to make this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably there are some attributes about the families who have done this that are unique to them,” Olson said. She stressed the need for more research to illuminate whether it’s those “other qualities” or the social transition itself that promotes the positive mental health outcomes seen in this analysis.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The earlier a child with autism can be identified and get treatment the better, child development specialists say. So there's been a push to have pediatricians give all toddlers screening tests for autism during well child visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the influential U.S. Preventive Services Task Force\u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491642\" target=\"_blank\"> said Tuesday \u003c/a>that there's not yet enough evidence to show that screening all children delivers measurable benefits, a decision sure to frustrate or anger many in the autism community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not a recommendation against screening, says \u003ca href=\"pediatrics.duke.edu/faculty/details/0014640\" target=\"_blank\">Alex Kemper\u003c/a>, a professor of pediatrics at the Duke University School of Medicine and a member of the panel. \"It's really a call for more research to be done around treatment for children identified through screening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have found that it's possible to identify symptoms of autism such as avoiding eye contact or not responding to one's name in children as young as 18 months. But usually those children are flagged for screening because a parent or caregiver sees behavior they think is troubling. Most studies finding a benefit in early intervention have involved those children, not children who appear be developing typically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child development specialists say there's plenty of evidence in favor of early screening and intervention, and that avoiding it could delay or deny crucial treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all acknowledge that more work needs to be done. More work is being done,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.kennedykrieger.org/patient-care/faculty-staff/rebecca-landa\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Landa,\u003c/a> director of the Center for Autism and Related Disorders at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore.\"But the risk [of screening] is so minimal, why wouldn't we be all behind the children?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landa hopes that the USPSTF will be quick to change their \"insufficient evidence\" finding, \"and as they're sending out this inconclusive message, that they will be very vocal in standing with the American Academy of Pediatrics in saying that screening should happen as early as 18 months.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the task force released the draft of this recommendation last August, the pediatricians issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Statement-on-U-S-Preventive-Services-Task-Force-Draft-Recommendation-Statement-on-Autism-Screening.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">statement \u003c/a>saying that \"it runs counter to AAP guidelines.\" The academy recommends screening all children at 18 and 24 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kemper does screen toddlers for autism in his own medical practice in Durham, N.C. \"We've thought a lot about it,\" he says. Many of the families don't have English as their primary language and sometimes have problems getting health care, he says. \"We were concerned that parents or other caregivers might not pick up on the signs or symptoms of autism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 20-question \u003ca href=\"https://www.m-chat.org/mchat.php\" target=\"_blank\">M-CHAT\u003c/a> test takes five minutes or so, asking parents questions like \"If you point at something across the room, does your child look at it?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USPSTF \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491642\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a>, which was published Tuesday in \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em>, the journal of the American Medical Association, notes that potential harms of the test are minor, but could include the anxiety associated with a false positive result, as well as the time and expense of therapy if it later proved unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two editorials published Tuesday in \u003ca href=\"http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491680\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>JAMA Psychiatry\u003c/em> \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2487491\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>JAMA Pediatrics\u003c/em> \u003c/a>both criticized the USPSTF, saying that the \"insufficient evidence\" recommendation could make it less likely that children who are members of minorities get screened, and also make it less likely that insurance will pay for it. \"Rigid, inflexible approach results in no recommendation for autism screening,\" the \u003ca href=\"http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491680\">JAMA Psychiatry\u003c/a> headline says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the task force makes recommendations it doesn't take up issues of cost or insurance coverage,\" Kemper says. \"But because the AAP recommends autism screening, it's still covered under the Affordable Care Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he's standing firm with the panel's recommendation. \"I think again, by highlighting this gap in knowledge there's a real opportunity to figure out what the deal is,\" Kemper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Panel+Says+Evidence+Is+Lacking+On+Universal+Screening+For+Autism&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The earlier a child with autism can be identified and get treatment the better, child development specialists say. So there's been a push to have pediatricians give all toddlers screening tests for autism during well child visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the influential U.S. Preventive Services Task Force\u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491642\" target=\"_blank\"> said Tuesday \u003c/a>that there's not yet enough evidence to show that screening all children delivers measurable benefits, a decision sure to frustrate or anger many in the autism community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not a recommendation against screening, says \u003ca href=\"pediatrics.duke.edu/faculty/details/0014640\" target=\"_blank\">Alex Kemper\u003c/a>, a professor of pediatrics at the Duke University School of Medicine and a member of the panel. \"It's really a call for more research to be done around treatment for children identified through screening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have found that it's possible to identify symptoms of autism such as avoiding eye contact or not responding to one's name in children as young as 18 months. But usually those children are flagged for screening because a parent or caregiver sees behavior they think is troubling. Most studies finding a benefit in early intervention have involved those children, not children who appear be developing typically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child development specialists say there's plenty of evidence in favor of early screening and intervention, and that avoiding it could delay or deny crucial treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all acknowledge that more work needs to be done. More work is being done,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.kennedykrieger.org/patient-care/faculty-staff/rebecca-landa\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Landa,\u003c/a> director of the Center for Autism and Related Disorders at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore.\"But the risk [of screening] is so minimal, why wouldn't we be all behind the children?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landa hopes that the USPSTF will be quick to change their \"insufficient evidence\" finding, \"and as they're sending out this inconclusive message, that they will be very vocal in standing with the American Academy of Pediatrics in saying that screening should happen as early as 18 months.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the task force released the draft of this recommendation last August, the pediatricians issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Statement-on-U-S-Preventive-Services-Task-Force-Draft-Recommendation-Statement-on-Autism-Screening.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">statement \u003c/a>saying that \"it runs counter to AAP guidelines.\" The academy recommends screening all children at 18 and 24 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kemper does screen toddlers for autism in his own medical practice in Durham, N.C. \"We've thought a lot about it,\" he says. Many of the families don't have English as their primary language and sometimes have problems getting health care, he says. \"We were concerned that parents or other caregivers might not pick up on the signs or symptoms of autism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 20-question \u003ca href=\"https://www.m-chat.org/mchat.php\" target=\"_blank\">M-CHAT\u003c/a> test takes five minutes or so, asking parents questions like \"If you point at something across the room, does your child look at it?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USPSTF \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491642\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a>, which was published Tuesday in \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em>, the journal of the American Medical Association, notes that potential harms of the test are minor, but could include the anxiety associated with a false positive result, as well as the time and expense of therapy if it later proved unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two editorials published Tuesday in \u003ca href=\"http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491680\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>JAMA Psychiatry\u003c/em> \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2487491\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>JAMA Pediatrics\u003c/em> \u003c/a>both criticized the USPSTF, saying that the \"insufficient evidence\" recommendation could make it less likely that children who are members of minorities get screened, and also make it less likely that insurance will pay for it. \"Rigid, inflexible approach results in no recommendation for autism screening,\" the \u003ca href=\"http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491680\">JAMA Psychiatry\u003c/a> headline says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the task force makes recommendations it doesn't take up issues of cost or insurance coverage,\" Kemper says. \"But because the AAP recommends autism screening, it's still covered under the Affordable Care Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he's standing firm with the panel's recommendation. \"I think again, by highlighting this gap in knowledge there's a real opportunity to figure out what the deal is,\" Kemper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Panel+Says+Evidence+Is+Lacking+On+Universal+Screening+For+Autism&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Chart: Access To Contraception And Abortion In Zika-Affected Countries",
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"content": "\u003cp>Don't get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the advice given to women by the governments of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and El Salvador in light of a possible link between the Zika virus, which is spreading in those countries, and a birth defect called microcephaly, which results in an abnormally small head and possible brain damage. Brazil has reported thousands of cases of microcephaly since the outbreak began there last spring; researchers are trying to determine whether the virus is the cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is certain: The outbreak has sparked a public debate about issues of contraception and abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/j.1728-4465.2014.00393.x.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">half of pregnancies\u003c/a> in Latin America are not planned. In this heavily Roman Catholic part of the world, women don't always have access to modern methods of contraception, and abortion may be restricted (see chart).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Use Of Contraceptives And Abortion Laws In Countries Affected By Zika\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146637\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1554px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-146637 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM.png\" alt=\"Notes: 1. Contraception prevalance rate: Estimated share of women 15 to 49 years old in marriages or unions who are using (or whose partners are using) some form of contraceptive. Figures are as of 2015. How this is calculated (PDF) 2. “Modern” contraceptive methods include birth control pills, intrauterine devices, condoms and sterilization. 3. Abortion laws (as of 2013): — Banned: Not allowed under any circumstance — Highly restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life — Restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life, in cases of rape or incest, and/or to preserve a woman’s mental or physical health — Some restrictions: Permitted only for one of the following reasons: economic, social, fetal impairment, rape, incest, woman’s mental or physical health, or to save a woman’s life — Least restrictive: Legal (typically up to a certain gestational age such as 20 weeks) Source: Kaiser Family Foundation; Pan American Health Organization; United Nations Population Division: Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2015; United Nations Population Division: World Abortion Policies 2013\" width=\"1554\" height=\"1406\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM.png 1554w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-400x362.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-800x724.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-768x695.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-1440x1303.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-1180x1068.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-960x869.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1554px) 100vw, 1554px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Notes:\u003cbr> 1. Contraception prevalance rate: Estimated share of women 15 to 49 years old in marriages or unions who are using (or whose partners are using) some form of contraceptive. Figures are as of 2015. \u003cbr> 2. “Modern” contraceptive methods include birth control pills, intrauterine devices, condoms and sterilization.\u003cbr> 3. Abortion laws (as of 2013):\u003cbr> — Banned: Not allowed under any circumstance\u003cbr> — Highly restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life\u003cbr> — Restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life, in cases of rape or incest, and/or to preserve a woman’s mental or physical health\u003cbr> — Some restrictions: Permitted only for one of the following reasons: economic, social, fetal impairment, rape, incest, woman’s mental or physical health, or to save a woman’s life\u003cbr> — Least restrictive: Legal (typically up to a certain gestational age such as 20 weeks)\u003cbr> Source: Kaiser Family Foundation; Pan American Health Organization; United Nations Population Division: Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2015; United Nations Population Division: World Abortion Policies 2013 \u003ccite>(Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But even if abortion is a legal option in a Zika-affected country, it's not always possible for a pregnant woman to know whether the fetus is affected. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/qa-pregnant-women.html\" target=\"_blank\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>, microcephaly \"might be detected as early as 18 to 20 weeks\" into a pregnancy by ultrasound but \"can be challenging\" to detect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some individuals and groups argue that a pregnant woman should have the right to abort a pregnancy if she is worried about the possible link to microcephaly. Violeta Menjivar, the minister of health in El Salvador, suggested this month that the country might consider legalizing abortion in response to the Zika crisis. In an \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4215483/pope-francis-zika/\">essay\u003c/a> for \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Jon O'Brien, head of Catholics for Choice, calls on Pope Francis to \"lift abortion bans\" as well as restrictions on modern contraceptive methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those opposed to abortion believe it would not be appropriate to make any changes in abortion law. \"Abortion is a tragedy,\" says Dr. Danelia Cardona, a psychiatrist and the director of the Department for the Promotion and Defense of Life at the Catholic Bishops Conference of Colombia. \"Using Zika virus as the leeway to allow for abortion is to compound one tragedy with another.\" In Colombia, abortion is only permitted in cases of rape or risk to the mother's health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardona told NPR that the government must \"put in place policies that will offer real options to eradicating the virus\" — for example, getting rid of reservoirs of standing water that are \"perfect breeding\" places for the mosquitoes that spread Zika. Delaying pregnancy as a response \"doesn't solve the problem,\" she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a> has compiled a chart that looks at abortion laws as well as the use of contraception in many of the countries affected by Zika. The foundation uses the terms \"banned,\" \"highly restrictive,\" \"restrictive\" and \"some restrictions\" to characterize abortion laws. See the notes in the chart for further explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chart uses data from the U.N. Population Division, which relies on surveys from the various countries. Josh Michaud, associate director of global health policy for the Kaiser Family Foundation, notes that the contraception statistic may \"mask what are large disparities between rural and urban areas and across different income classes. Poor rural women have the least access to contraception.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Chart%3A+Access+To+Contraception+And+Abortion+In+Zika-Affected+Countries&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Don't get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the advice given to women by the governments of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and El Salvador in light of a possible link between the Zika virus, which is spreading in those countries, and a birth defect called microcephaly, which results in an abnormally small head and possible brain damage. Brazil has reported thousands of cases of microcephaly since the outbreak began there last spring; researchers are trying to determine whether the virus is the cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is certain: The outbreak has sparked a public debate about issues of contraception and abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/j.1728-4465.2014.00393.x.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">half of pregnancies\u003c/a> in Latin America are not planned. In this heavily Roman Catholic part of the world, women don't always have access to modern methods of contraception, and abortion may be restricted (see chart).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Use Of Contraceptives And Abortion Laws In Countries Affected By Zika\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146637\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1554px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-146637 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM.png\" alt=\"Notes: 1. Contraception prevalance rate: Estimated share of women 15 to 49 years old in marriages or unions who are using (or whose partners are using) some form of contraceptive. Figures are as of 2015. How this is calculated (PDF) 2. “Modern” contraceptive methods include birth control pills, intrauterine devices, condoms and sterilization. 3. Abortion laws (as of 2013): — Banned: Not allowed under any circumstance — Highly restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life — Restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life, in cases of rape or incest, and/or to preserve a woman’s mental or physical health — Some restrictions: Permitted only for one of the following reasons: economic, social, fetal impairment, rape, incest, woman’s mental or physical health, or to save a woman’s life — Least restrictive: Legal (typically up to a certain gestational age such as 20 weeks) Source: Kaiser Family Foundation; Pan American Health Organization; United Nations Population Division: Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2015; United Nations Population Division: World Abortion Policies 2013\" width=\"1554\" height=\"1406\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM.png 1554w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-400x362.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-800x724.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-768x695.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-1440x1303.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-1180x1068.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Screen-Shot-2016-02-11-at-3.28.45-PM-960x869.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1554px) 100vw, 1554px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Notes:\u003cbr> 1. Contraception prevalance rate: Estimated share of women 15 to 49 years old in marriages or unions who are using (or whose partners are using) some form of contraceptive. Figures are as of 2015. \u003cbr> 2. “Modern” contraceptive methods include birth control pills, intrauterine devices, condoms and sterilization.\u003cbr> 3. Abortion laws (as of 2013):\u003cbr> — Banned: Not allowed under any circumstance\u003cbr> — Highly restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life\u003cbr> — Restrictive: Permitted only to save a woman’s life, in cases of rape or incest, and/or to preserve a woman’s mental or physical health\u003cbr> — Some restrictions: Permitted only for one of the following reasons: economic, social, fetal impairment, rape, incest, woman’s mental or physical health, or to save a woman’s life\u003cbr> — Least restrictive: Legal (typically up to a certain gestational age such as 20 weeks)\u003cbr> Source: Kaiser Family Foundation; Pan American Health Organization; United Nations Population Division: Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2015; United Nations Population Division: World Abortion Policies 2013 \u003ccite>(Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But even if abortion is a legal option in a Zika-affected country, it's not always possible for a pregnant woman to know whether the fetus is affected. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/qa-pregnant-women.html\" target=\"_blank\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>, microcephaly \"might be detected as early as 18 to 20 weeks\" into a pregnancy by ultrasound but \"can be challenging\" to detect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some individuals and groups argue that a pregnant woman should have the right to abort a pregnancy if she is worried about the possible link to microcephaly. Violeta Menjivar, the minister of health in El Salvador, suggested this month that the country might consider legalizing abortion in response to the Zika crisis. In an \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4215483/pope-francis-zika/\">essay\u003c/a> for \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine, Jon O'Brien, head of Catholics for Choice, calls on Pope Francis to \"lift abortion bans\" as well as restrictions on modern contraceptive methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those opposed to abortion believe it would not be appropriate to make any changes in abortion law. \"Abortion is a tragedy,\" says Dr. Danelia Cardona, a psychiatrist and the director of the Department for the Promotion and Defense of Life at the Catholic Bishops Conference of Colombia. \"Using Zika virus as the leeway to allow for abortion is to compound one tragedy with another.\" In Colombia, abortion is only permitted in cases of rape or risk to the mother's health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardona told NPR that the government must \"put in place policies that will offer real options to eradicating the virus\" — for example, getting rid of reservoirs of standing water that are \"perfect breeding\" places for the mosquitoes that spread Zika. Delaying pregnancy as a response \"doesn't solve the problem,\" she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a> has compiled a chart that looks at abortion laws as well as the use of contraception in many of the countries affected by Zika. The foundation uses the terms \"banned,\" \"highly restrictive,\" \"restrictive\" and \"some restrictions\" to characterize abortion laws. See the notes in the chart for further explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chart uses data from the U.N. Population Division, which relies on surveys from the various countries. Josh Michaud, associate director of global health policy for the Kaiser Family Foundation, notes that the contraception statistic may \"mask what are large disparities between rural and urban areas and across different income classes. Poor rural women have the least access to contraception.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Chart%3A+Access+To+Contraception+And+Abortion+In+Zika-Affected+Countries&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Santa Clara Student Got Meningitis Despite New Vaccine",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sometimes the story comes to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the three students sickened in last week's meningococcal disease outbreak at Santa Clara University is the son of Penny Nelson, who works with me at KQED News. What's especially interesting about his case is that he had received a new vaccine against the illness, yet still got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We don’t know if it impacts herd immunity. We don’t know how long immunity lasts. Is it a few years? Five years? Ten years?'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dr. Cody Meissner, Tufts Univ. School of Medicine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Backing up a bit, the outbreak was caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B, an especially serious infection. All three students now have been discharged from the hospital in good condition. Two of them, including Nelson's son, Misha Hindery, were treated for meningitis, an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. A third student had septicemia, a bloodstream infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disease is fatal in 10-15 percent of cases, and many others lose a limb or suffer brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson knew how serious a disease it could be. A few years ago, a friend's daughter contracted a serogroup B infection at college and died within days, despite aggressive medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Nelson found out her son was in the hospital, she says she got there as fast as she could. \"I was so frightened. I just couldn't believe it. ... I sat there and read about it, and that frightened me even more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/\" target=\"_blank\">chief symptoms \u003c/a>are sudden onset of fever, headache and stiff neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Misha was released, Nelson contacted his primary care doctor, who confirmed that Misha had received both doses of Bexsero. The vaccine was \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm431446.htm\" target=\"_blank\">approved by the Food and Drug Administration\u003c/a> (FDA) a year ago, under an accelerated process, says Dr. Cody Meissner, a pediatrics professor at Tufts University School of Medicine and consultant to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice, which recommends vaccine guidelines to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It is intended for people ages 10 to 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine was developed in a new way, a \"terrific accomplishment\" technologically, Meissner said. But because of the shortened approval process, much is not known about it. \"We don't know if it impacts herd immunity,\" he says, in reference to vaccinating enough of a population to keep a disease that crops up from spreading. \"We don't know how long immunity lasts. Is it a few years? Five years? Ten years?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bexsero and a second vaccine, Trumenba, cover most -- but not all -- strains of bacteria within the serogroup B. It's possible Misha was infected with a strain that is not included in the vaccine. Meissner said there is no scientific evidence to support the idea that the vaccine makes the course of the disease less severe, if someone does become infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while meningococcal group B infections are rare -- just \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2013/t1125-serogroup-b-meningitis.html\" target=\"_blank\">160 cases in 2012\u003c/a> -- they can be devastating, often striking young, healthy people. Nelson's son rows crew and was a member of an eight-man boat that won a national title last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials are now watching to see how the vaccine performs, says Dr. James Watt with the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These vaccines have been used in outbreaks,\" he said. \"They have appeared to have an impact, so that's good news.\" Together with the Santa Clara County Public Health Department, Santa Clara University ran four vaccine clinics, ending Monday. Nearly 5,000 of the university's 8,000 undergraduate and graduate students received the first dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146287\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-146287\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"Penny Nelson with her son, Misha. He is recovering from bacterial meningitis. \" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny.jpg 1224w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Penny Nelson with her son, Misha. He is recovering from bacterial meningitis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy: Penny Nelson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health will provide 5,000 doses next month, when students will need the final shot in the two-dose series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine is not part of the routine immunization schedule for adolescents. Instead, it received a \"permissive\" recommendation, meaning that doctors can administer it if they feel it is in the best interest of the adolescent. Some people at high risk\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mening-serogroup.html\" target=\"_blank\"> should be immunized\u003c/a>, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including anyone with a damaged or removed spleen, sickle cell anemia or who has a rare immune system condition known as \"complement deficiency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California follows CDC guidelines, so does not require the vaccine for school-age children. Watt says California colleges and universities set their own vaccine guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, cases are dropping. In the late 1990s, there were 1-2 cases per 100,000 people. Now it's 0.1 per 100,000. \"Meningococcal disease is disappearing in the U.S.,\" Meissner says. \"No one knows why.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of everything else, this vaccine is expensive, more than $300 for the series. Meissner published \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491460\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis\u003c/a> in Monday's JAMA spotlighting the challenges of providing such an expensive vaccine for such a rare disease. As many as 350,000 adolescents would need to be vaccinated to prevent one case of disease, he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This vaccine is 25 times higher [in cost] than any other vaccine,\" he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is this the way we want to be spending scarce funds for public health?\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Misha Hindery, 18, had received both doses of a vaccine just approved last year against the bacteria that caused his meningitis. Officials are watching to see how well the vaccine works.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sometimes the story comes to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the three students sickened in last week's meningococcal disease outbreak at Santa Clara University is the son of Penny Nelson, who works with me at KQED News. What's especially interesting about his case is that he had received a new vaccine against the illness, yet still got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We don’t know if it impacts herd immunity. We don’t know how long immunity lasts. Is it a few years? Five years? Ten years?'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dr. Cody Meissner, Tufts Univ. School of Medicine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Backing up a bit, the outbreak was caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B, an especially serious infection. All three students now have been discharged from the hospital in good condition. Two of them, including Nelson's son, Misha Hindery, were treated for meningitis, an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. A third student had septicemia, a bloodstream infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disease is fatal in 10-15 percent of cases, and many others lose a limb or suffer brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson knew how serious a disease it could be. A few years ago, a friend's daughter contracted a serogroup B infection at college and died within days, despite aggressive medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Nelson found out her son was in the hospital, she says she got there as fast as she could. \"I was so frightened. I just couldn't believe it. ... I sat there and read about it, and that frightened me even more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/\" target=\"_blank\">chief symptoms \u003c/a>are sudden onset of fever, headache and stiff neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Misha was released, Nelson contacted his primary care doctor, who confirmed that Misha had received both doses of Bexsero. The vaccine was \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm431446.htm\" target=\"_blank\">approved by the Food and Drug Administration\u003c/a> (FDA) a year ago, under an accelerated process, says Dr. Cody Meissner, a pediatrics professor at Tufts University School of Medicine and consultant to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice, which recommends vaccine guidelines to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It is intended for people ages 10 to 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine was developed in a new way, a \"terrific accomplishment\" technologically, Meissner said. But because of the shortened approval process, much is not known about it. \"We don't know if it impacts herd immunity,\" he says, in reference to vaccinating enough of a population to keep a disease that crops up from spreading. \"We don't know how long immunity lasts. Is it a few years? Five years? Ten years?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bexsero and a second vaccine, Trumenba, cover most -- but not all -- strains of bacteria within the serogroup B. It's possible Misha was infected with a strain that is not included in the vaccine. Meissner said there is no scientific evidence to support the idea that the vaccine makes the course of the disease less severe, if someone does become infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while meningococcal group B infections are rare -- just \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2013/t1125-serogroup-b-meningitis.html\" target=\"_blank\">160 cases in 2012\u003c/a> -- they can be devastating, often striking young, healthy people. Nelson's son rows crew and was a member of an eight-man boat that won a national title last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials are now watching to see how the vaccine performs, says Dr. James Watt with the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These vaccines have been used in outbreaks,\" he said. \"They have appeared to have an impact, so that's good news.\" Together with the Santa Clara County Public Health Department, Santa Clara University ran four vaccine clinics, ending Monday. Nearly 5,000 of the university's 8,000 undergraduate and graduate students received the first dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146287\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-146287\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"Penny Nelson with her son, Misha. He is recovering from bacterial meningitis. \" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/02/Penny.jpg 1224w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Penny Nelson with her son, Misha. He is recovering from bacterial meningitis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy: Penny Nelson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health will provide 5,000 doses next month, when students will need the final shot in the two-dose series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine is not part of the routine immunization schedule for adolescents. Instead, it received a \"permissive\" recommendation, meaning that doctors can administer it if they feel it is in the best interest of the adolescent. Some people at high risk\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mening-serogroup.html\" target=\"_blank\"> should be immunized\u003c/a>, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including anyone with a damaged or removed spleen, sickle cell anemia or who has a rare immune system condition known as \"complement deficiency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California follows CDC guidelines, so does not require the vaccine for school-age children. Watt says California colleges and universities set their own vaccine guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, cases are dropping. In the late 1990s, there were 1-2 cases per 100,000 people. Now it's 0.1 per 100,000. \"Meningococcal disease is disappearing in the U.S.,\" Meissner says. \"No one knows why.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of everything else, this vaccine is expensive, more than $300 for the series. Meissner published \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2491460\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis\u003c/a> in Monday's JAMA spotlighting the challenges of providing such an expensive vaccine for such a rare disease. As many as 350,000 adolescents would need to be vaccinated to prevent one case of disease, he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This vaccine is 25 times higher [in cost] than any other vaccine,\" he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is this the way we want to be spending scarce funds for public health?\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>LOS ANGELES (AP) — A Los Angeles-area doctor convicted of murder for prescribing exorbitant amounts of painkillers that left a dozen patients dead was sentenced Friday to 30 years to life in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conviction of Dr. Hsiu-Ying \"Lisa\" Tseng and her long prison sentence are rare for a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes before she was sentenced, Tseng apologized in court to the families of her dead patients and others who became addicted to prescription drugs under her care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I suffer every day from the impact and I will do everything I can to take responsibility,\" she said. \"I have learned a very hard lesson on this that will stay with me forever.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In handing down the harsh sentence, Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge George Lomeli said he found it egregious that Tseng continued to write reckless prescriptions even after learning her patients were dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(She's) a person who seemingly did not care about the lives of her patients in this case but rather appeared more concerned about distributing dangerous controlled substances in an assembly line fashion so as to collect payments which amounted to her amassing several million dollars,\" Lomeli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother of two children will be over 70 before she has a chance at release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng had asked Lomeli for a 15-year prison term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng prescribed \"crazy, outrageous amounts of medication\" to patients who didn't need the pills, Deputy District Attorney John Niedermann told jurors during her trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Something is wrong with what you're doing if your patients are dying,\" Niedermann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twelve of Tseng's patients died but she was charged with just three murders because other factors were involved in the other deaths, including drugs prescribed by other doctors and a possible suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng's lawyer, Tracy Green, has said the 46-year-old doctor had been naive to prescribe so many medications and didn't think her patients would abuse them. Tseng's patients often hid addictions to painkillers and Tseng she thought she was helping ease their pain, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The powerful painkillers Tseng prescribed included oxycodone, sold as Percocet and other brand names, and hydrocodone, popularly known under the brand name Vicodin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of her patients to die had received prescriptions from Tseng two days earlier for oxycodone, the anti-anxiety drug Xanax and the muscle-relaxer Soma, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng was convicted of three counts of second-degree murder and all but one of 21 drug-related counts. She was also charged with illegally writing prescriptions for two of the deceased patients and 16 other people, three of them undercover agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vu Nguyen, 29, of Lake Forest, Steven Ogle, 25, of Palm Desert, and Joseph Rovero, 21, an Arizona State University student from San Ramon, died of overdoses between March and December 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogle's mother, Desiree Ogle, said after the sentencing that her son died in April 2009 eight hours after getting a methadone prescription from Tseng.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She actually stopped his heart,\" Ogle said, adding that she thought Tseng's lengthy prison term was appropriate. \"She froze time for us that day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng barely kept any records on the three men until she was contacted by the Medical Board of California, prosecutors said, then fabricated documents to make it look like she had kept thorough records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng also ignored pleas from family members of patients who demanded she stop prescribing them drugs, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-doctor-murder-overdose-drugs-sentencing-20160205-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles Times reports\u003c/a> that many experts worry Tseng's conviction will have a chilling effect -- that doctors will be so worried about prosecution that they won't prescribe painkillers to suffering patients who need them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-doctor-murder-overdose-drugs-sentencing-20160205-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">the Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Attorney Peter Osinoff, who represented Tseng before the state medical board, told the judge during Friday's hearing that the doctor no longer represents a danger to society since she surrendered her medical license in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial had already had a \"deterrent effect\" on other doctors and has captured the medical community's attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More primary care physicians no longer accept or treat chronic pain patients in their practice,\" he told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the courtroom, Osinoff said Tseng's prosecution has had a negative impact on physicians and patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The doctors are scared out of their minds,\" he said. \"The pendulum has swung so far. The people who need [pain medication] can't get it now.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES (AP) — A Los Angeles-area doctor convicted of murder for prescribing exorbitant amounts of painkillers that left a dozen patients dead was sentenced Friday to 30 years to life in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conviction of Dr. Hsiu-Ying \"Lisa\" Tseng and her long prison sentence are rare for a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes before she was sentenced, Tseng apologized in court to the families of her dead patients and others who became addicted to prescription drugs under her care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I suffer every day from the impact and I will do everything I can to take responsibility,\" she said. \"I have learned a very hard lesson on this that will stay with me forever.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In handing down the harsh sentence, Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge George Lomeli said he found it egregious that Tseng continued to write reckless prescriptions even after learning her patients were dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(She's) a person who seemingly did not care about the lives of her patients in this case but rather appeared more concerned about distributing dangerous controlled substances in an assembly line fashion so as to collect payments which amounted to her amassing several million dollars,\" Lomeli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother of two children will be over 70 before she has a chance at release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng had asked Lomeli for a 15-year prison term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng prescribed \"crazy, outrageous amounts of medication\" to patients who didn't need the pills, Deputy District Attorney John Niedermann told jurors during her trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Something is wrong with what you're doing if your patients are dying,\" Niedermann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twelve of Tseng's patients died but she was charged with just three murders because other factors were involved in the other deaths, including drugs prescribed by other doctors and a possible suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng's lawyer, Tracy Green, has said the 46-year-old doctor had been naive to prescribe so many medications and didn't think her patients would abuse them. Tseng's patients often hid addictions to painkillers and Tseng she thought she was helping ease their pain, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The powerful painkillers Tseng prescribed included oxycodone, sold as Percocet and other brand names, and hydrocodone, popularly known under the brand name Vicodin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of her patients to die had received prescriptions from Tseng two days earlier for oxycodone, the anti-anxiety drug Xanax and the muscle-relaxer Soma, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng was convicted of three counts of second-degree murder and all but one of 21 drug-related counts. She was also charged with illegally writing prescriptions for two of the deceased patients and 16 other people, three of them undercover agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vu Nguyen, 29, of Lake Forest, Steven Ogle, 25, of Palm Desert, and Joseph Rovero, 21, an Arizona State University student from San Ramon, died of overdoses between March and December 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ogle's mother, Desiree Ogle, said after the sentencing that her son died in April 2009 eight hours after getting a methadone prescription from Tseng.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She actually stopped his heart,\" Ogle said, adding that she thought Tseng's lengthy prison term was appropriate. \"She froze time for us that day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng barely kept any records on the three men until she was contacted by the Medical Board of California, prosecutors said, then fabricated documents to make it look like she had kept thorough records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tseng also ignored pleas from family members of patients who demanded she stop prescribing them drugs, prosecutors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-doctor-murder-overdose-drugs-sentencing-20160205-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles Times reports\u003c/a> that many experts worry Tseng's conviction will have a chilling effect -- that doctors will be so worried about prosecution that they won't prescribe painkillers to suffering patients who need them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-doctor-murder-overdose-drugs-sentencing-20160205-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">the Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Attorney Peter Osinoff, who represented Tseng before the state medical board, told the judge during Friday's hearing that the doctor no longer represents a danger to society since she surrendered her medical license in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trial had already had a \"deterrent effect\" on other doctors and has captured the medical community's attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More primary care physicians no longer accept or treat chronic pain patients in their practice,\" he told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the courtroom, Osinoff said Tseng's prosecution has had a negative impact on physicians and patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The doctors are scared out of their minds,\" he said. \"The pendulum has swung so far. The people who need [pain medication] can't get it now.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the late 1990s, a new version of the whooping cough vaccine was introduced. The big benefit was that it had fewer side effects. But in the years since, evidence has been mounting that this newer vaccine loses its effectiveness -- and fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Routine vaccination of 11- and 12-year-olds does not appear to be preventing outbreaks.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dr. Nicola Klein, Kaiser Vaccine Study Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, another study sheds light on how well the \"booster\" dose works. California requires this booster -- called Tdap -- for all incoming 7th graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center looked at the protection level of 175,000 adolescents in the Kaiser Northern California system vaccinated with Tdap. And just as with earlier studies, they saw that protection faded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we found was the the Tdap vaccine offers moderate protection in the first year,\" said Dr. Nicola Klein, co-director of Kaiser's vaccine center, \"but then that rapidly decreased over the next four years, so by the time we were at four years after vaccination, it was down to nine percent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been two statewide whooping cough -- also called pertussis -- epidemics in recent years. The first was in 2010, the second in 2014, which was the first where all adolescents had received only the newer pertussis vaccine, the \"acellular pertussis\" vaccine: five doses by age 6, plus the booster before 7th grade. The 2014 epidemic was even more severe than the one in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately,\" said Klein, \"routine vaccination of 11- and 12-year-olds does not appear to be preventing outbreaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question becomes what to do about it -- especially since the authors predict the situation will only get worse. \"Future pertussis epidemics,\" they write in the study, will \"be larger as the cohort that has only received acellular pertussis vaccines ages.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very end of the study, published in the journal Pediatrics, the authors raise the question of a different strategy, one where the vaccine was \"administered to adolescents in anticipation of a local pertussis outbreak, rather than on a routine basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems like a good idea, but it's one that would be a significant departure for the U.S., according to Dr. Arthur Reingold, head of epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The United State doesn't have a lot of experience in doing mass campaigns in response to or in preparation of an outbreak,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might also seem reasonable to give doses more frequently. But Reingold, who also chairs the pertussis group for the nation's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, says first you need a lot of evidence that extra doses are both safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Give a dose at 12 [years], another one at 15 and another one at 18,\" Reingold questioned. \"It's expense and it's complicated, and it's not clear what the effects would be. There's not a clear solution at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clear solution would be a new vaccine that is, again, safe and effective. Reingold says that's at least five years off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, no adolescents died or were hospitalized in the 2014 epidemic. Klein referred to pertussis as a \"mild to moderate disease.\" Yet, the illness is often referred to as \"the 100-day cough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a deadly disease,\" Klein said, \"but it is an impact on kids' lives.\" And parents, too, who may have to take time off work to care for their sick children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It becomes a question of priorities in a limited-resources world. \"At the public health level, the emphasis is on preventing deaths and hospitalizations,\" Reingold said. \"How much money do we want to spend ... to prevent the 100-day cough?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a perfectly legitimate question, and I don't know the answer.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the late 1990s, a new version of the whooping cough vaccine was introduced. The big benefit was that it had fewer side effects. But in the years since, evidence has been mounting that this newer vaccine loses its effectiveness -- and fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Routine vaccination of 11- and 12-year-olds does not appear to be preventing outbreaks.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dr. Nicola Klein, Kaiser Vaccine Study Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, another study sheds light on how well the \"booster\" dose works. California requires this booster -- called Tdap -- for all incoming 7th graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center looked at the protection level of 175,000 adolescents in the Kaiser Northern California system vaccinated with Tdap. And just as with earlier studies, they saw that protection faded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we found was the the Tdap vaccine offers moderate protection in the first year,\" said Dr. Nicola Klein, co-director of Kaiser's vaccine center, \"but then that rapidly decreased over the next four years, so by the time we were at four years after vaccination, it was down to nine percent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been two statewide whooping cough -- also called pertussis -- epidemics in recent years. The first was in 2010, the second in 2014, which was the first where all adolescents had received only the newer pertussis vaccine, the \"acellular pertussis\" vaccine: five doses by age 6, plus the booster before 7th grade. The 2014 epidemic was even more severe than the one in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately,\" said Klein, \"routine vaccination of 11- and 12-year-olds does not appear to be preventing outbreaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question becomes what to do about it -- especially since the authors predict the situation will only get worse. \"Future pertussis epidemics,\" they write in the study, will \"be larger as the cohort that has only received acellular pertussis vaccines ages.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very end of the study, published in the journal Pediatrics, the authors raise the question of a different strategy, one where the vaccine was \"administered to adolescents in anticipation of a local pertussis outbreak, rather than on a routine basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems like a good idea, but it's one that would be a significant departure for the U.S., according to Dr. Arthur Reingold, head of epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The United State doesn't have a lot of experience in doing mass campaigns in response to or in preparation of an outbreak,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might also seem reasonable to give doses more frequently. But Reingold, who also chairs the pertussis group for the nation's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, says first you need a lot of evidence that extra doses are both safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Give a dose at 12 [years], another one at 15 and another one at 18,\" Reingold questioned. \"It's expense and it's complicated, and it's not clear what the effects would be. There's not a clear solution at this point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clear solution would be a new vaccine that is, again, safe and effective. Reingold says that's at least five years off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, no adolescents died or were hospitalized in the 2014 epidemic. Klein referred to pertussis as a \"mild to moderate disease.\" Yet, the illness is often referred to as \"the 100-day cough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a deadly disease,\" Klein said, \"but it is an impact on kids' lives.\" And parents, too, who may have to take time off work to care for their sick children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It becomes a question of priorities in a limited-resources world. \"At the public health level, the emphasis is on preventing deaths and hospitalizations,\" Reingold said. \"How much money do we want to spend ... to prevent the 100-day cough?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a perfectly legitimate question, and I don't know the answer.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How High-Cost Specialty Drugs Impact California",
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"content": "\u003cp id=\"3531\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--figure\">What’s behind the jaw-dropping cost of new “specialty drugs” like Orkambi, which has a sticker price of $259,000 per year for cystic fibrosis patients?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"4e0b\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Orkambi, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration last July, is expected to take almost $36 million from the state’s general fund this fiscal year and next. Seventy-four Californians with health coverage under the Department of Health Care Services are estimated to receive the drug this year, and next year, 220 people will benefit, some of whom may be the same patients as this year. That does not include any discounts the state may receive from drug manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"5b0e\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Orkambi is listed as a “specialty tier” drug in some private health plans. That category is reserved for high-cost drugs, or, in the \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Prescription-Drug-Coverage/PrescriptionDrugCovGenIn/Downloads/SpecialtyTierMethodology.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">federal government’s\u003c/a>view, for drugs that cost more than $600 a month and are used by a small proportion of patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"3924\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Specialty drugs are already proving to be a financial burden on one California agency, the California Public Employees’ Retirement System, which purchases health benefits for active and retired state workers. The state public pension system says that specialty drugs made up less than 1 percent of all prescriptions for its members but 30 percent of the total drugs costs in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">The health benefits from specialty drugs justify the cost, according to the pharmaceutical industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ee28\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Patients are gaining access to medicines that are better treating their diseases or frankly even curing them,” said Priscilla VanderVeer, deputy vice president of communications at the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). “Patients are now healthier. They’re more productive. They’re functioning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"e169\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">VanderVeer said companies price drugs not just on the cost of production, but on the value the industry believes the drug brings to the health care system, such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003cli id=\"7b31\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--p\">Efficacy of the treatment\u003c/li>\n\u003cli id=\"b80b\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--li\">How it increases the quality or length of life\u003c/li>\n\u003cli id=\"5c88\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--li\">The “unmet need” in the drug market\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp id=\"cc5b\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--li\">The price of the drug also accounts for the cost of developing other drugs and the high risk that a particular drug won’t make it to market, VanderVeer said. Only 12 percent of drugs that go through clinical trials get approved, according to PhRMA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ef58\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Because of that high rate of failures there would be no innovative incentive for companies to continue to try to invest” if they could not recoup costs and make a profit, VanderVeer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"93ab\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, she added, the sticker price doesn’t reflect the final price paid for the drug, which can be heavily discounted through negotiations or because of mandated rebates for Medicaid programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"b00f\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">[contextly_sidebar id=\"zzW5l7DTsYNjFFcWE84QTNvLSahLvtDx\"]Drugmakers are following the money, said Joel Hay, professor of pharmaceutical economics and policy at USC. Companies invest in specialty drugs that target a small population because their high price tags can be spread over a large insurance pool, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"02e0\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">Even though specialty drugs are \"ridiculously expensive per treatment episode,\" Hay said, the cost for each member in a health plan is \"just a few cents.” Raising 10 cents on a diabetes drug, for example, would have a bigger budget impact, he said, because more people have diabetes than cystic fibrosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"14f9\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Hay says manufacturers are now less inclined to invest in drugs that treat millions of people, because there is more pushback on price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"de1b\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Drug companies are for-profit companies obligated to make money for their stockholders,” Hay said. “They’re not virtuous charitable organizations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"708f\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Drugmakers are also investing more in treating uncommon illnesses because there is less competition and therefore more opportunity for profit, said Dr. Helene Lipton, professor of health policy at the School of Pharmacy and Institute for Health Policy Studies at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"f652\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">The high price of the drugs affects patients, she noted, because health plans put controls on the drugs so that they’re used as a last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ed3c\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“That may mean going through two or more rounds of care with other medications before being able to use the specialty drug,” Lipton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"063c\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">It’s not just specialty drugs that are straining health plans’ budgets, said Steve Miller, chief medical officer at Express Scripts, a pharmaceutical benefits manager that negotiates drug prices for 7.5 million Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"0f47\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The price of drugs is just continuing to go up,” said Miller, explaining that the trend is due to both new high-cost drugs coming on the market, and mark-ups of old drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">There’s been an explosion of drugs costing $100,000 a year over the last decade, for things like cystic fibrosis and cancer, Miller said. And there was a 127 percent price increase of branded drugs that had been on the market between 2008 and 2014, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"0c65\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Limiting the cost of pharmaceuticals is the basis of a California ballot initiative scheduled to go before voters this November that would limit the amount the state pays for a drug to no more than the lowest price paid for the same drug by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"9370\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">We’ll be exploring how a specialty drug’s cost affects patient access. If you are a chronic disease patient who is having difficulty getting specialty drugs, we’d like to hear from you. \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://twitter.com/pbartolone\" rel=\"nofollow\">Tweet\u003c/a> or \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:Pauline@Calmatters.org\">email\u003c/a> us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"f877\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p graf--last\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to explaining state policies and politics. Pauline Bartolone wrote this article while participating in the \u003c/em>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/event/2015-california-health-data-journalism-fellowship\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">California Data\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003c/em>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/event/2015-california-health-data-journalism-fellowship\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Fellowship,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> a program of the \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">at USC’s Annenberg School of Journalism.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp id=\"3531\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--figure\">What’s behind the jaw-dropping cost of new “specialty drugs” like Orkambi, which has a sticker price of $259,000 per year for cystic fibrosis patients?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"4e0b\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Orkambi, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration last July, is expected to take almost $36 million from the state’s general fund this fiscal year and next. Seventy-four Californians with health coverage under the Department of Health Care Services are estimated to receive the drug this year, and next year, 220 people will benefit, some of whom may be the same patients as this year. That does not include any discounts the state may receive from drug manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"5b0e\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Orkambi is listed as a “specialty tier” drug in some private health plans. That category is reserved for high-cost drugs, or, in the \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Prescription-Drug-Coverage/PrescriptionDrugCovGenIn/Downloads/SpecialtyTierMethodology.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">federal government’s\u003c/a>view, for drugs that cost more than $600 a month and are used by a small proportion of patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"3924\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Specialty drugs are already proving to be a financial burden on one California agency, the California Public Employees’ Retirement System, which purchases health benefits for active and retired state workers. The state public pension system says that specialty drugs made up less than 1 percent of all prescriptions for its members but 30 percent of the total drugs costs in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">The health benefits from specialty drugs justify the cost, according to the pharmaceutical industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ee28\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Patients are gaining access to medicines that are better treating their diseases or frankly even curing them,” said Priscilla VanderVeer, deputy vice president of communications at the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). “Patients are now healthier. They’re more productive. They’re functioning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"e169\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">VanderVeer said companies price drugs not just on the cost of production, but on the value the industry believes the drug brings to the health care system, such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"postList\">\n\u003cli id=\"7b31\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--p\">Efficacy of the treatment\u003c/li>\n\u003cli id=\"b80b\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--li\">How it increases the quality or length of life\u003c/li>\n\u003cli id=\"5c88\" class=\"graf--li graf-after--li\">The “unmet need” in the drug market\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp id=\"cc5b\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--li\">The price of the drug also accounts for the cost of developing other drugs and the high risk that a particular drug won’t make it to market, VanderVeer said. Only 12 percent of drugs that go through clinical trials get approved, according to PhRMA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ef58\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Because of that high rate of failures there would be no innovative incentive for companies to continue to try to invest” if they could not recoup costs and make a profit, VanderVeer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"93ab\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Finally, she added, the sticker price doesn’t reflect the final price paid for the drug, which can be heavily discounted through negotiations or because of mandated rebates for Medicaid programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"b00f\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Drugmakers are following the money, said Joel Hay, professor of pharmaceutical economics and policy at USC. Companies invest in specialty drugs that target a small population because their high price tags can be spread over a large insurance pool, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"02e0\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">Even though specialty drugs are \"ridiculously expensive per treatment episode,\" Hay said, the cost for each member in a health plan is \"just a few cents.” Raising 10 cents on a diabetes drug, for example, would have a bigger budget impact, he said, because more people have diabetes than cystic fibrosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"14f9\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Hay says manufacturers are now less inclined to invest in drugs that treat millions of people, because there is more pushback on price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"de1b\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“Drug companies are for-profit companies obligated to make money for their stockholders,” Hay said. “They’re not virtuous charitable organizations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"708f\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Drugmakers are also investing more in treating uncommon illnesses because there is less competition and therefore more opportunity for profit, said Dr. Helene Lipton, professor of health policy at the School of Pharmacy and Institute for Health Policy Studies at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"f652\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">The high price of the drugs affects patients, she noted, because health plans put controls on the drugs so that they’re used as a last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"ed3c\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“That may mean going through two or more rounds of care with other medications before being able to use the specialty drug,” Lipton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"063c\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">It’s not just specialty drugs that are straining health plans’ budgets, said Steve Miller, chief medical officer at Express Scripts, a pharmaceutical benefits manager that negotiates drug prices for 7.5 million Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"0f47\" class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">“The price of drugs is just continuing to go up,” said Miller, explaining that the trend is due to both new high-cost drugs coming on the market, and mark-ups of old drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"graf--p graf--startsWithDoubleQuote graf-after--p\">There’s been an explosion of drugs costing $100,000 a year over the last decade, for things like cystic fibrosis and cancer, Miller said. And there was a 127 percent price increase of branded drugs that had been on the market between 2008 and 2014, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"0c65\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">Limiting the cost of pharmaceuticals is the basis of a California ballot initiative scheduled to go before voters this November that would limit the amount the state pays for a drug to no more than the lowest price paid for the same drug by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"9370\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p\">We’ll be exploring how a specialty drug’s cost affects patient access. If you are a chronic disease patient who is having difficulty getting specialty drugs, we’d like to hear from you. \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://twitter.com/pbartolone\" rel=\"nofollow\">Tweet\u003c/a> or \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"mailto:Pauline@Calmatters.org\">email\u003c/a> us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"f877\" class=\"graf--p graf-after--p graf--last\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to explaining state policies and politics. Pauline Bartolone wrote this article while participating in the \u003c/em>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/event/2015-california-health-data-journalism-fellowship\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">California Data\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> \u003c/em>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/event/2015-california-health-data-journalism-fellowship\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Fellowship,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\"> a program of the \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Center for Health Journalism\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">at USC’s Annenberg School of Journalism.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Another $7.2 Million. Pow!' Highlights from Turing Pharmaceuticals Email Dump",
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"content": "\u003cp>A memo from congressional investigators sheds new light on the inner workings of Martin Shkreli's Turing Pharmaceuticals after the company jacked up the prices of a decades-old drug used to treat AIDS patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Committee on Oversight and Investigations is looking into Turing and other drug companies' price increases. This memo, released Tuesday, includes excerpts from the company's internal documents and emails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It paints a picture of the now-disgraced \"pharma-bro\" Martin Shkreli giddily rubbing his palms together at the prospect of all the money Daraprim will generate for his fledgling company. The drug is the only cure for toxoplasmosis, a disease that strikes people with suppressed immune systems, including those with AIDS or cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turing bought Daraprim last year and jacked up the price 5,000 percent, from $13.50 to $750 a pill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few highlights from the data dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Turing agreed to buy Daraprim, company officials went into celebration mode:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Very good. Nice work as usual. $1bn here we come.\" – Turing Chairman Ron Tilles email dated May 27, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it will be huge. We raised the price from $1,700 per bottle to $75,000 ... So 5,000 paying bottles at the new price is $375,000,000 - almost all of it is profit and I think we will get 3 years of that or more. Should be a very handsome investment for all of us.\" – Martin Shkreli email dated Aug. 27, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Another $7.2 million. Pow!\" — Tina Ghorban, senior director of business analytics, reacting to a purchase order for 96 bottles at $75,000 a bottle, on Sept. 17.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The company thought it could handle blowback from AIDS activists and doctors:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"HIV patient advocacy may react to price increase ... we still come out ahead if we can frame this issue within the HIV/AIDS community as a fight between a drug company and insurance companies. As long as everyone who needs Daraprim can get it as soon as they need it, regardless of ability to pay, the community should have no issue. There is no love lost between HIV/AIDS activists and insurance companies, and they certainly don't want to be manipulated by them to fight on their behalf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cost and coverage are not obstacles to treatment today ... physicians do not report high out-of-pocket costs, required prior authorizations, or other access barriers to toxo medications.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>They were wrong:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Given your company's recent move to raise the price of pyrimethamine over 5,000% to an incredible $750 a pill, I have decided not to meet with representatives from Turing. ... I am also urging my colleagues here at UNC, as well as at Duke, ECU, Wake Forest and other clinical centers across our state to do likewise, until Turing announces a reasonable and ethical reduction in the price of this important medication — a drug we rely on most to treat toxoplasmosis.\" – an associate professor at the University of North Carolina, Oct. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After over a week of trying to secure Daraprim for an uninsured patient requiring Daraprim at Massachusetts General Hospital, I need immediate assistance with expediting this case. ... We have been provided with inaccurate/misleading information by the dedicated Daraprim Team. ... This is a critical matter, visible at the highest levels of our Infectious Disease Department.\" – Complaint from doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So Turing went into crisis mode, trying out discount programs and struggling with PR:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I think we are acting a little like a deer in the headlights, and need to take some action steps now. If a hospital like Mass General is having issues we are in trouble.\" – Ed Painter, head of investor relations, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is there an annual price reduction commitment that would discourage generics from entering the market? What if we headlined ...Turing Pharmaceuticals commits to an out of pocket cost to individuals of less than $20.\" – Painter, Sept. 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think so. Re reductions — Think it's best we don't PR something like that unless its something we're willing to commit to doing.\" – Patrick Crutcher, director of business development, Sept. 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"FYI, we are 'blowing through' copay dollars very fast. ... My opinion is that with the current state of affairs that we should continue to provide to patients, but we'll need to ultimately evaluate this program and understand the effect on margin.\" Jon Haas, director of patient access, Sept. 29.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As early as next week, the Board should remove Martin as CEO. ... the price drop has to be significant and tied to something. ... this cannot be seen as something that appears to be as arbitrary as the price hike in the first place.\" — Outside PR consultant, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 16, Shkreli was arrested on securities fraud charges. He resigned from Turing the following day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=+%27Another+%247.2+Million.+Pow%21%27+A+Peek+Inside+Turing+Pharmaceuticals+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A memo from congressional investigators sheds new light on the inner workings of Martin Shkreli's Turing Pharmaceuticals after the company jacked up the prices of a decades-old drug used to treat AIDS patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Committee on Oversight and Investigations is looking into Turing and other drug companies' price increases. This memo, released Tuesday, includes excerpts from the company's internal documents and emails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It paints a picture of the now-disgraced \"pharma-bro\" Martin Shkreli giddily rubbing his palms together at the prospect of all the money Daraprim will generate for his fledgling company. The drug is the only cure for toxoplasmosis, a disease that strikes people with suppressed immune systems, including those with AIDS or cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turing bought Daraprim last year and jacked up the price 5,000 percent, from $13.50 to $750 a pill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few highlights from the data dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Turing agreed to buy Daraprim, company officials went into celebration mode:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Very good. Nice work as usual. $1bn here we come.\" – Turing Chairman Ron Tilles email dated May 27, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it will be huge. We raised the price from $1,700 per bottle to $75,000 ... So 5,000 paying bottles at the new price is $375,000,000 - almost all of it is profit and I think we will get 3 years of that or more. Should be a very handsome investment for all of us.\" – Martin Shkreli email dated Aug. 27, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Another $7.2 million. Pow!\" — Tina Ghorban, senior director of business analytics, reacting to a purchase order for 96 bottles at $75,000 a bottle, on Sept. 17.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The company thought it could handle blowback from AIDS activists and doctors:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"HIV patient advocacy may react to price increase ... we still come out ahead if we can frame this issue within the HIV/AIDS community as a fight between a drug company and insurance companies. As long as everyone who needs Daraprim can get it as soon as they need it, regardless of ability to pay, the community should have no issue. There is no love lost between HIV/AIDS activists and insurance companies, and they certainly don't want to be manipulated by them to fight on their behalf.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cost and coverage are not obstacles to treatment today ... physicians do not report high out-of-pocket costs, required prior authorizations, or other access barriers to toxo medications.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>They were wrong:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Given your company's recent move to raise the price of pyrimethamine over 5,000% to an incredible $750 a pill, I have decided not to meet with representatives from Turing. ... I am also urging my colleagues here at UNC, as well as at Duke, ECU, Wake Forest and other clinical centers across our state to do likewise, until Turing announces a reasonable and ethical reduction in the price of this important medication — a drug we rely on most to treat toxoplasmosis.\" – an associate professor at the University of North Carolina, Oct. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After over a week of trying to secure Daraprim for an uninsured patient requiring Daraprim at Massachusetts General Hospital, I need immediate assistance with expediting this case. ... We have been provided with inaccurate/misleading information by the dedicated Daraprim Team. ... This is a critical matter, visible at the highest levels of our Infectious Disease Department.\" – Complaint from doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So Turing went into crisis mode, trying out discount programs and struggling with PR:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I think we are acting a little like a deer in the headlights, and need to take some action steps now. If a hospital like Mass General is having issues we are in trouble.\" – Ed Painter, head of investor relations, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is there an annual price reduction commitment that would discourage generics from entering the market? What if we headlined ...Turing Pharmaceuticals commits to an out of pocket cost to individuals of less than $20.\" – Painter, Sept. 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think so. Re reductions — Think it's best we don't PR something like that unless its something we're willing to commit to doing.\" – Patrick Crutcher, director of business development, Sept. 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"FYI, we are 'blowing through' copay dollars very fast. ... My opinion is that with the current state of affairs that we should continue to provide to patients, but we'll need to ultimately evaluate this program and understand the effect on margin.\" Jon Haas, director of patient access, Sept. 29.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As early as next week, the Board should remove Martin as CEO. ... the price drop has to be significant and tied to something. ... this cannot be seen as something that appears to be as arbitrary as the price hike in the first place.\" — Outside PR consultant, Oct. 8.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 16, Shkreli was arrested on securities fraud charges. He resigned from Turing the following day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=+%27Another+%247.2+Million.+Pow%21%27+A+Peek+Inside+Turing+Pharmaceuticals+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Under New Law, Cops Carrying Overdose Drug Are Saving Lives",
"title": "Under New Law, Cops Carrying Overdose Drug Are Saving Lives",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The call to a Glendora emergency dispatcher one night last October had the grim details that, officials say, have become all too familiar: a woman had found her brother unconscious on his bathroom floor. She feared he’d overdosed on drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Glendora Police Corporal Bill Lee and his partner, Jon Drake, responded to the call, they found a scrap of aluminum foil beside the man, holding a little bead of heroin. They noted the man’s sluggish heartbeat, faltering respiration and pinpoint pupils associated with opiate poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike similar experiences in the past, this time Lee and Drake had a tool authorities credit with saving the man’s life: they administered a nasal spray containing the potent opioid blocker naloxone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In less than 90 seconds, the man’s breathing returned to normal. He was taken to the hospital, and when Drake checked on him shortly afterwards, he was conscious, Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like other communities across California, Lee’s small town in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains east of Los Angeles has seen a surge in heroin abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there’s an overdose call, it's often a police officer -- like Lee -- who is the first to arrive on the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, he said, he would do whatever he could. “Then you wait for fire to get there, and unfortunately, sometimes things don’t work out,” he said. Now he's hoping the naloxone spray \"will provide us with a means of changing that pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates call it the \"overdose antidote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://sd27.senate.ca.gov/news/2014-09-19-california-governor-signs-bill-prevent-drug-overdose-fatalities\" target=\"_blank\">California lawmakers authorized\u003c/a> police officers to carry naloxone, also commonly known by a brand name, Narcan. Now, a handful of law enforcement agencies are issuing the emergency medication to officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glendora’s tiny police department – which also was a pioneer two decades ago in equipping officers with defibrillators to help heart attack victims – issues naloxone to its emergency medical technicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Diego County Sheriff’s Department recently moved beyond a test program to equip all deputies. San Francisco also has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sf-police.org/index.aspx?page=3763&recordid=1129\" target=\"_blank\">pilot project underway.\u003c/a> The Orange County Sheriff’s Department expects to expand its initial program to include all deputies in the first quarter of this year, said Lt. Jeff Hallock, a department spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego sheriff’s Capt. James Bovet, who oversaw his department’s pilot program, said the naloxone spray clearly met a need. From 2000 to 2014, the county saw the death rate from opioid overdose increase by 50 percent, “and the trend was just increasing upward,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pilot program to test whether naloxone could help, sheriff’s deputies frequently arrived at the scene of an overdose before paramedics, Bovet said. He said the San Diego Sheriff’s Department has successfully revived 28 people with naloxone since the pilot program began. Orange County Sheriff’s and Glendora officers have each recorded one save as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_143815\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-143815\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-400x288.jpg\" alt=\"Some California law enforcement agencies are equipping their patrol officers with nasal inhalers that dispense naloxone, a potent antidote to opiate drug overdoses.\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-400x288.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-800x576.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-768x553.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-1440x1037.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-1180x850.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-960x692.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1.jpg 1502w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some California law enforcement agencies are equipping their patrol officers with nasal inhalers that dispense naloxone, a potent antidote to opiate drug overdoses. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Orange County Sheriff’s Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opioids depress brain functions that regulate breathing, and during an overdose, respiration slows, then stops. Naloxone kicks the opioids off those crucial brain receptors so an overdose victim can breathe again. While naloxone is non-addictive and generally considered safe, it pushes addicts into immediate withdrawal, sometimes triggering side effects such as a rapid increase in in blood pressure or seizures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nchrc.org\" target=\"_blank\">North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition\u003c/a> –- a leading advocate of broadening naloxone availability –- advocacy and communications coordinator Tessie Castillo calls such adverse reactions “extremely rare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some law enforcement agencies have balked at the $52-per-dose cost of the remedy, Castillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes there’s a reluctance to institute yet one more program and have officers train on yet one more thing,” she said. “They’ll argue that the ambulance crews already get there soon enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, California has broadened access to the antidote further with a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB1535\" target=\"_blank\">new law permitting pharmacies to sell naloxone \u003c/a>without a prescription.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The evidence shows very clearly that the most effective way to make sure that naloxone is at the scene of an overdose is to get it into the hands of people who use drugs and their friends and family members,” said Laura Thomas, California deputy director of the Drug Policy Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertha Madras, who served as deputy director of the White House Office on National Drug Control Policy in the George W. Bush administration, said she’s gained confidence in naloxone’s usefulness since it first came to her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madras said that while serving as a deputy drug czar, she questioned whether widespread access to the antidote might lead addicts to “a sense of confidence that they could push the envelope with higher doses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she now strongly supports public safety personnel having ready access to naloxone. But the uninformed may be misled by the antidote’s seeming ability to provide a miracle cure, she said. The body stores some opiates in fat for long periods, and an overdose could recur after the naloxone wears off, Madras said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The call to a Glendora emergency dispatcher one night last October had the grim details that, officials say, have become all too familiar: a woman had found her brother unconscious on his bathroom floor. She feared he’d overdosed on drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Glendora Police Corporal Bill Lee and his partner, Jon Drake, responded to the call, they found a scrap of aluminum foil beside the man, holding a little bead of heroin. They noted the man’s sluggish heartbeat, faltering respiration and pinpoint pupils associated with opiate poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike similar experiences in the past, this time Lee and Drake had a tool authorities credit with saving the man’s life: they administered a nasal spray containing the potent opioid blocker naloxone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In less than 90 seconds, the man’s breathing returned to normal. He was taken to the hospital, and when Drake checked on him shortly afterwards, he was conscious, Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like other communities across California, Lee’s small town in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains east of Los Angeles has seen a surge in heroin abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there’s an overdose call, it's often a police officer -- like Lee -- who is the first to arrive on the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, he said, he would do whatever he could. “Then you wait for fire to get there, and unfortunately, sometimes things don’t work out,” he said. Now he's hoping the naloxone spray \"will provide us with a means of changing that pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates call it the \"overdose antidote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://sd27.senate.ca.gov/news/2014-09-19-california-governor-signs-bill-prevent-drug-overdose-fatalities\" target=\"_blank\">California lawmakers authorized\u003c/a> police officers to carry naloxone, also commonly known by a brand name, Narcan. Now, a handful of law enforcement agencies are issuing the emergency medication to officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glendora’s tiny police department – which also was a pioneer two decades ago in equipping officers with defibrillators to help heart attack victims – issues naloxone to its emergency medical technicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Diego County Sheriff’s Department recently moved beyond a test program to equip all deputies. San Francisco also has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sf-police.org/index.aspx?page=3763&recordid=1129\" target=\"_blank\">pilot project underway.\u003c/a> The Orange County Sheriff’s Department expects to expand its initial program to include all deputies in the first quarter of this year, said Lt. Jeff Hallock, a department spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego sheriff’s Capt. James Bovet, who oversaw his department’s pilot program, said the naloxone spray clearly met a need. From 2000 to 2014, the county saw the death rate from opioid overdose increase by 50 percent, “and the trend was just increasing upward,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pilot program to test whether naloxone could help, sheriff’s deputies frequently arrived at the scene of an overdose before paramedics, Bovet said. He said the San Diego Sheriff’s Department has successfully revived 28 people with naloxone since the pilot program began. Orange County Sheriff’s and Glendora officers have each recorded one save as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_143815\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-143815\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-400x288.jpg\" alt=\"Some California law enforcement agencies are equipping their patrol officers with nasal inhalers that dispense naloxone, a potent antidote to opiate drug overdoses.\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-400x288.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-800x576.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-768x553.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-1440x1037.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-1180x850.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1-960x692.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/01/NaloxoneAndLawEnforcement_1.jpg 1502w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some California law enforcement agencies are equipping their patrol officers with nasal inhalers that dispense naloxone, a potent antidote to opiate drug overdoses. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Orange County Sheriff’s Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opioids depress brain functions that regulate breathing, and during an overdose, respiration slows, then stops. Naloxone kicks the opioids off those crucial brain receptors so an overdose victim can breathe again. While naloxone is non-addictive and generally considered safe, it pushes addicts into immediate withdrawal, sometimes triggering side effects such as a rapid increase in in blood pressure or seizures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nchrc.org\" target=\"_blank\">North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition\u003c/a> –- a leading advocate of broadening naloxone availability –- advocacy and communications coordinator Tessie Castillo calls such adverse reactions “extremely rare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some law enforcement agencies have balked at the $52-per-dose cost of the remedy, Castillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes there’s a reluctance to institute yet one more program and have officers train on yet one more thing,” she said. “They’ll argue that the ambulance crews already get there soon enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, California has broadened access to the antidote further with a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB1535\" target=\"_blank\">new law permitting pharmacies to sell naloxone \u003c/a>without a prescription.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The evidence shows very clearly that the most effective way to make sure that naloxone is at the scene of an overdose is to get it into the hands of people who use drugs and their friends and family members,” said Laura Thomas, California deputy director of the Drug Policy Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertha Madras, who served as deputy director of the White House Office on National Drug Control Policy in the George W. Bush administration, said she’s gained confidence in naloxone’s usefulness since it first came to her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madras said that while serving as a deputy drug czar, she questioned whether widespread access to the antidote might lead addicts to “a sense of confidence that they could push the envelope with higher doses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she now strongly supports public safety personnel having ready access to naloxone. But the uninformed may be misled by the antidote’s seeming ability to provide a miracle cure, she said. The body stores some opiates in fat for long periods, and an overdose could recur after the naloxone wears off, Madras said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Doles Out Millions to Insurers for Hepatitis C Drugs",
"title": "California Doles Out Millions to Insurers for Hepatitis C Drugs",
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"content": "\u003cp>In an unusual funding arrangement, California is paying private health plans hundreds of millions of dollars in supplemental payments to cover the high price of hepatitis C drugs for patients in Medi-Cal managed care plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Dollars that were intended for a wide array of medical services started being gobbled up by just one drug.'\u003ccite>Charles Bacchi, California Association of Health Plans\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While Medi-Cal is California's program of health insurance for people who are low income, nearly 80 percent of beneficiaries are in managed care plans run by private health insurance companies. The companies are paid a flat rate per member each month to cover all health care needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding agreement was reached after health plans raised \"alarm\" over the high cost of new hepatitis C drugs and plans had to dig into reserves because of the drugs' cost, says Charles Bacchi, president of the California Association of Health Plans, an industry trade group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dollars that were intended for a wide array of medical services started being gobbled up by just one drug,” Bacchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the state's Department of Health Care Services says it's the first time the state has paid health plans a supplemental money just to cover the high cost of a drug. Specifically, Sovaldi, a hepatitis C drug retailing at $1,000 per pill, has sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/gileads-1-000-hep-c-pill-is-hard-for-states-to-swallow-1428525426\" target=\"_blank\">treatment prices soaring.\u003c/a> The drug is made by Gilead Sciences in Foster City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the members of Bacchi’s trade group directly benefit from the supplemental payments, he says the additional money is not a “sustainable” solution to the underlying problem of high-priced drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the details about the supplemental government funding stream to Medi-Cal plans:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Health plans invoiced California for $387.5 million for hepatitis C drugs between July 2014 and November 2015, according to the California Department of Health Care Services. The payments come from a mix of federal and state dollars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During that time period, 3,624 Medi-Cal managed care members with hepatitis C were treated.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>By CALmatters' calculations, the payments amount to $106,926 per patient. The number reflects other drugs used to treat hepatitis C, and isn’t solely the price of Sovaldi and Harvoni, another new, pricey drug to treat hepatis C.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Payments to plans are expected to continue in the next fiscal year. The California Department of Health Care Services has budgeted $303.4 million for health plans for 2016–17.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>While California will receive some money back from drugmakers in the form of rebates, the ultimate price the state pays for the drugs is confidential, according to the Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting the cost of pharmaceuticals is the basis of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2015-news-releases-and-advisories/new-measure-eligible-californias-november-2016-ballot3/\" target=\"_blank\">ballot initiative\u003c/a> expected to be before California voters this November. The proposal would limit the amount the state pays for a drug to no more than the lowest price paid for the same drug by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state health care agency says its payments to insurers of Medi-Cal patients for hepatitis C drugs are a “very unique” solution, one that they may use for other high-cost drugs in the future. The state says the current hepatitis C payments may be reassessed in a year or two as it expects the price of the drugs to go down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the prescribing of the drugs levels off, as the population and the overall nature of who’s getting it settles down, we may get to a point where we look at carving that responsibility back into the plans’ … rate,” said Jennifer Kent, director of the California Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California’s spending on hepatitis C drugs doesn’t end there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the rest of the Medi-Cal population — the 2.7 million people who are not in a private managed care plan and whose health care services are directly reimbursed by the state — a \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.finance.senate.gov/ranking-members-news/wyden-grassley-sovaldi-investigation-finds-revenue-driven-pricing-strategy-behind-84-000-hepatitis-drug\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">U.S. Senate Finance Committee\u003c/a> reports the following for the year 2014:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>California paid almost $22 million to treat 280 hepatitis C patients with Sovaldi.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California paid more than $2.8 million for 57 Harvoni prescriptions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Senate report, 237,000 people in Medi-Cal are infected with hepatitis C. So, doing the math between the 3,624 managed care patients and the 337 covered directly by the state, means less than 2 percent of those infected have been treated with the new drugs -- at a cost of hundreds of millions of dollars already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order for taxpayers of the state of California to afford to provide people the necessary treatments,” says Bacchi, “we have to have drug pricing society can afford to pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At CALmatters, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/california-s-legal-drug-dilemma/the-obscurity-of-drug-spending-in-medi-cal-4ccf1df97392#.ii6y9pxr6\" target=\"_blank\">we’re exploring how a drug’s cost affects patient access.\u003c/a> If you are a hepatitis C patient, or other chronic disease patient who is having difficulty getting drugs, we’d like to hear from you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://twitter.com/pbartolone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Tweet\u003c/a> or \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://pauline@calmatters.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">email us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In an unusual funding arrangement, California is paying private health plans hundreds of millions of dollars in supplemental payments to cover the high price of hepatitis C drugs for patients in Medi-Cal managed care plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Dollars that were intended for a wide array of medical services started being gobbled up by just one drug.'\u003ccite>Charles Bacchi, California Association of Health Plans\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While Medi-Cal is California's program of health insurance for people who are low income, nearly 80 percent of beneficiaries are in managed care plans run by private health insurance companies. The companies are paid a flat rate per member each month to cover all health care needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding agreement was reached after health plans raised \"alarm\" over the high cost of new hepatitis C drugs and plans had to dig into reserves because of the drugs' cost, says Charles Bacchi, president of the California Association of Health Plans, an industry trade group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dollars that were intended for a wide array of medical services started being gobbled up by just one drug,” Bacchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the state's Department of Health Care Services says it's the first time the state has paid health plans a supplemental money just to cover the high cost of a drug. Specifically, Sovaldi, a hepatitis C drug retailing at $1,000 per pill, has sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/gileads-1-000-hep-c-pill-is-hard-for-states-to-swallow-1428525426\" target=\"_blank\">treatment prices soaring.\u003c/a> The drug is made by Gilead Sciences in Foster City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the members of Bacchi’s trade group directly benefit from the supplemental payments, he says the additional money is not a “sustainable” solution to the underlying problem of high-priced drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the details about the supplemental government funding stream to Medi-Cal plans:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Health plans invoiced California for $387.5 million for hepatitis C drugs between July 2014 and November 2015, according to the California Department of Health Care Services. The payments come from a mix of federal and state dollars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During that time period, 3,624 Medi-Cal managed care members with hepatitis C were treated.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>By CALmatters' calculations, the payments amount to $106,926 per patient. The number reflects other drugs used to treat hepatitis C, and isn’t solely the price of Sovaldi and Harvoni, another new, pricey drug to treat hepatis C.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Payments to plans are expected to continue in the next fiscal year. The California Department of Health Care Services has budgeted $303.4 million for health plans for 2016–17.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>While California will receive some money back from drugmakers in the form of rebates, the ultimate price the state pays for the drugs is confidential, according to the Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting the cost of pharmaceuticals is the basis of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2015-news-releases-and-advisories/new-measure-eligible-californias-november-2016-ballot3/\" target=\"_blank\">ballot initiative\u003c/a> expected to be before California voters this November. The proposal would limit the amount the state pays for a drug to no more than the lowest price paid for the same drug by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state health care agency says its payments to insurers of Medi-Cal patients for hepatitis C drugs are a “very unique” solution, one that they may use for other high-cost drugs in the future. The state says the current hepatitis C payments may be reassessed in a year or two as it expects the price of the drugs to go down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the prescribing of the drugs levels off, as the population and the overall nature of who’s getting it settles down, we may get to a point where we look at carving that responsibility back into the plans’ … rate,” said Jennifer Kent, director of the California Department of Health Care Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California’s spending on hepatitis C drugs doesn’t end there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the rest of the Medi-Cal population — the 2.7 million people who are not in a private managed care plan and whose health care services are directly reimbursed by the state — a \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://www.finance.senate.gov/ranking-members-news/wyden-grassley-sovaldi-investigation-finds-revenue-driven-pricing-strategy-behind-84-000-hepatitis-drug\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">U.S. Senate Finance Committee\u003c/a> reports the following for the year 2014:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>California paid almost $22 million to treat 280 hepatitis C patients with Sovaldi.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>California paid more than $2.8 million for 57 Harvoni prescriptions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Senate report, 237,000 people in Medi-Cal are infected with hepatitis C. So, doing the math between the 3,624 managed care patients and the 337 covered directly by the state, means less than 2 percent of those infected have been treated with the new drugs -- at a cost of hundreds of millions of dollars already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order for taxpayers of the state of California to afford to provide people the necessary treatments,” says Bacchi, “we have to have drug pricing society can afford to pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At CALmatters, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/california-s-legal-drug-dilemma/the-obscurity-of-drug-spending-in-medi-cal-4ccf1df97392#.ii6y9pxr6\" target=\"_blank\">we’re exploring how a drug’s cost affects patient access.\u003c/a> If you are a hepatitis C patient, or other chronic disease patient who is having difficulty getting drugs, we’d like to hear from you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https://twitter.com/pbartolone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Tweet\u003c/a> or \u003ca class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"http://pauline@calmatters.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">email us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
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},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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