window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"science_1931027": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1931027",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931027",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1931000,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-520x374.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 374
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-160x115.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 115
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-960x691.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 691
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-375x270.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 270
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1.jpg",
"width": 4248,
"height": 3056
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1020x734.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 734
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1180x849.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 849
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1200x863.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 863
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-800x576.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1920x1381.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1381
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1180x849.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 849
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-1920x1381.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1381
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-768x552.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-887230120-1-240x173.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 173
}
},
"publishDate": 1536615004,
"modified": 1536615068,
"caption": "A family wears face masks as they walk through the smoke filled streets after the Thomas wildfire swept through Ventura, California on December 6, 2017. ",
"description": null,
"title": "TOPSHOT-US-WEATHER-FIRES-CALIFORNIA",
"credit": "MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930908": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930908",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930908",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930575,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-520x354.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 354
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-160x109.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 109
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-960x654.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 654
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-375x256.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 256
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"height": 804
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-1020x695.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 695
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-1180x804.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 804
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-800x545.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 545
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-1180x804.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 804
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-768x523.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 523
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1-240x164.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 164
}
},
"publishDate": 1536340381,
"modified": 1536340381,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "unnerved_042318_final-1180x804",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1931073": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1931073",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931073",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930714,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-520x500.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 500
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-771x576.jpg",
"width": 771,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-160x154.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 154
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-375x360.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 360
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature.jpg",
"width": 771,
"height": 741
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-768x738.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 738
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Thelen-feature-240x231.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 231
}
},
"publishDate": 1536705442,
"modified": 1536705481,
"caption": "Planet Earth Screwed: Overheated. ",
"description": null,
"title": "Planet Earth Screwed: Overheated, Paper, metal screw, 9\" x 14\" x 9\"",
"credit": "Courtesy of Phyllis Thelen",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1931037": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1931037",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931037",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1931034,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029.jpg",
"width": 4845,
"height": 3230
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/TOC-System001-Launch-029-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1536616893,
"modified": 1536616958,
"caption": "Engineers are deploying a trash collection device to corral plastic litter floating between California and Hawaii in an attempt to clean up the world’s largest garbage patch in the heart of the Pacific Ocean.",
"description": null,
"title": "THE WORLD’S FIRST OCEAN CLEANUP SYSTEM LAUNCHED FROM SAN FRANCISCO",
"credit": "Pierre Augier/ The Ocean Cleanup",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930978": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930978",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930978",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930972,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/solar-roof-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1536599035,
"modified": 1536599075,
"caption": "Workers install rooftop solar panels in Vallejo, California.",
"description": null,
"title": "SOLARPANELS",
"credit": "Lauren Hanussak/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930823": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930823",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930823",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930643,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-520x345.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 345
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-160x106.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 106
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-960x636.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 636
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-375x249.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 249
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92.jpg",
"width": 1207,
"height": 800
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-1020x676.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 676
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-1180x782.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 782
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-1200x795.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 795
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-800x530.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 530
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-1180x782.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 782
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-768x509.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 509
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92-240x159.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 159
}
},
"publishDate": 1536266687,
"modified": 1536266789,
"caption": "Yosemite National Park geologist Greg Stock on the Lyell Glacier, in 2010. Nearly all of California's glaciers have been shrinking from higher temperatures.",
"description": "Yosemite National Park geologist Greg Stock on the Lyell Glacier, in 2010.",
"title": "RS4911_Lyell_Stock_p92",
"credit": "Tim Palmer/Heyday",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1931126": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1931126",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931126",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930718,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174.jpg",
"width": 5760,
"height": 3840
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-1029437174-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1536779453,
"modified": 1536779508,
"caption": "A woman dressed as a tree with the group The Forgotten Solution, poses for a picture at Civic Center Plaza after marching at the 'Rise For Climate' global action on September 8, 2018 in downtown San Francisco, California. ",
"description": null,
"title": "TOPSHOT-US-ENVIRONMENT-PROTEST",
"credit": "AMY OSBORNE/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930672": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930672",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930672",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930637,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-520x390.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 390
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-960x720.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 720
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-375x281.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 281
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065.jpg",
"width": 4032,
"height": 3024
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1200x900.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 900
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-768x576.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7065-240x180.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 180
}
},
"publishDate": 1536109620,
"modified": 1536269852,
"caption": "Trees along the Lafayette-Moraga Trail. Some of these trees would be removed under a pending PG&E plan.",
"description": null,
"title": "IMG_7065",
"credit": "Save Lafayette Trees",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930751": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930751",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930751",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930749,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK.jpg",
"width": 1800,
"height": 1200
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AFP_1857PK-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1536180085,
"modified": 1536180104,
"caption": "An air tanker drops retardant on the Ranch Fire, part of the Mendocino Complex Fire, on August 5, 2018.",
"description": null,
"title": "AFP_1857PK",
"credit": "Noah Berger/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930682": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930682",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930682",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930681,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312.jpg",
"width": 4032,
"height": 2268
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/main-image_wide-9bfbade8de3c3b03a2325ba39830c26c8bb9a312-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1536133677,
"modified": 1536133677,
"caption": null,
"description": "Researchers are using underwater microphones to help better understand the extensive array of animals living in oyster reefs.",
"title": "Researchers are using underwater microphones to help better understand the extensive array of animals living in oyster reefs.",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1927729": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1927729",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1927729",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1927677,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-520x280.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 280
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-160x86.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 86
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-960x517.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 517
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-375x202.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 202
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1102
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1020x549.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 549
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1180x635.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 635
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1200x646.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 646
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-800x430.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 430
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1920x1033.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1033
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1180x635.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 635
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-1920x1033.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1033
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-768x413.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 413
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/38396203801_970bf10e3b_k-240x129.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 129
}
},
"publishDate": 1532129743,
"modified": 1532129956,
"caption": "Birds fly over the Central Valley's Cosumnes River Preserve, one of the few protected wetland habitat areas in California.",
"description": "Birds fly over a wetland at the Central Valley's Cosumnes River Preserve",
"title": "Cosumnes River Preserve",
"credit": "John Ciccarelli/BLM",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1930622": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1930622",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930622",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1930621,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8.jpg",
"width": 2090,
"height": 1176
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/2018-08-10-e-lee-allentown-muhlenberg-university-herbarium-rare-plant-hunt-herbarium-2_wide-fa60b2cf79ccc60d0fdd3aa1a47206ca7cc434d8-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1536058720,
"modified": 1536058852,
"caption": "The herbarium at Muhlenberg College contains thousands of specimens, some collected more than 100 years ago.\n\n",
"description": "The herbarium at Muhlenberg College contains thousands of specimens, some collected more than 100 years ago.",
"title": "The herbarium at Muhlenberg College contains thousands of specimens, some collected more than 100 years ago.",
"credit": "Emma Lee/WHYY",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_science_1931034": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1931034",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1931034",
"name": "Olga R. Rodriguez\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1930749": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1930749",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1930749",
"name": "Lindsay Abrams\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1930681": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1930681",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1930681",
"name": "James Morrison, NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1930685": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1930685",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1930685",
"name": "Matt Weiser\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1930621": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1930621",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1930621",
"name": "Susan Phillips, NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"cmiller": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "221",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "221",
"found": true
},
"name": "Craig Miller",
"firstName": "Craig",
"lastName": "Miller",
"slug": "cmiller",
"email": "craig@voxterra.net",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"bio": "Craig is a former KQED Science editor, specializing in weather, climate, water & energy issues, with a little seismology thrown in just to shake things up. Prior to that, he launched and led the station's award-winning multimedia project, Climate Watch. Craig is also an accomplished writer/producer of television documentaries, with a focus on natural resource issues.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "voxterra",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Craig Miller | KQED",
"description": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/cmiller"
},
"laurensommer": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "239",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "239",
"found": true
},
"name": "Lauren Sommer",
"firstName": "Lauren",
"lastName": "Sommer",
"slug": "laurensommer",
"email": "lsommer@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Lauren is a radio reporter formerly covering environment, water, and energy for KQED Science. As part of her day job, she has scaled Sierra Nevada peaks, run from charging elephant seals, and desperately tried to get her sea legs - all in pursuit of good radio. Her work has appeared on Marketplace, Living on Earth, Science Friday and NPR's Morning Edition and All Things Considered. You can find her on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesommer\">@lesommer\u003c/a>.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor",
"manage_content_types",
"manage_taxonomies"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Lauren Sommer | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/laurensommer"
},
"kqedscience": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "6387",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "6387",
"found": true
},
"name": "KQED Science",
"firstName": "KQED",
"lastName": "Science",
"slug": "kqedscience",
"email": "kqedscience@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond by the flagship Northern California PBS and NPR affiliate.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "food",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "KQED Science | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/kqedscience"
},
"aahmed": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11428",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11428",
"found": true
},
"name": "Amel Ahmed",
"firstName": "Amel",
"lastName": "Ahmed",
"slug": "aahmed",
"email": "aahmed@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Amel Ahmed is a reporter for KQED. Prior to joining KQED, Amel worked at Al Jazeera America, Al Jazeera English, Democracy Now! and Punched Productions. She also helped produce \u003cem>Changing Face of Harlem\u003c/em>, a documentary that tracked gentrification in Harlem over a period of ten years. She is a 2013 graduate of Brooklyn Law School and is currently researching war on terror prosecutions for an upcoming book.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "amelscript",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": []
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Amel Ahmed | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/aahmed"
},
"bhoag": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11517",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11517",
"found": true
},
"name": "Becky Hoag",
"firstName": "Becky",
"lastName": "Hoag",
"slug": "bhoag",
"email": "bhoag@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": null,
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/19e56fee295ee3c97f26365d38fc24c8af9d12b75ee9e676e3745c2fe962585d?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"bluesky": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Becky Hoag | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/19e56fee295ee3c97f26365d38fc24c8af9d12b75ee9e676e3745c2fe962585d?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/19e56fee295ee3c97f26365d38fc24c8af9d12b75ee9e676e3745c2fe962585d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/bhoag"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"science_category_news": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"score": 10.810677
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "News",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "science",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 159
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/science?category=news",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 159
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"science_1931000": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1931000",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931000",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536700183000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536700183,
"format": "standard",
"title": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall",
"headTitle": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>As wildfire season intensifies due to climate change, a new study finds that the number of U.S. deaths linked to the chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could double by the end of the century — to more than 40,000 deaths per year.[contextly_sidebar id=”M3M5DyyUYffqWEz81xgsDJm4P5svG3Ie”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018GH000144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the journal GeoHealth\u003c/a>, is the first to simulate the effects of wildfire smoke on human health over the coming decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at the impacts of changing fire emissions on air quality and premature deaths in the middle to late 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the model, the number of deaths from chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could increase to more than 40,000 per year by the end of the 21st century, up from around 15,000 per year today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declines in air pollution from human sources such as cars could be offset by increases in emissions from more intense wildfires, according to co-author Jeff Pierce, associate professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the U.S. Forest Service’s wildfire suppression costs reached a record\u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/blogs/2018-predicted-be-challenging-wildfire-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> high of $2.4 billion.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke concentrations will roughly double and this will counteract a lot of improvements gained from a reduction in emissions from human sources, such as power plants,” says Pierce.[contextly_sidebar id=”ZBSnpUWr3GDytt4NOd5KXiuOFKegGScb”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> poses a risk to human health\u003c/a> because of its composition, a mixture of gases and microscopic particles from burned material known as particulate matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exposure\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/wildfires/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to particulate matter\u003c/a> can irritate the eyes, aggravate respiratory issues, and worsen chronic heart and lung diseases, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can also lead\u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/airnow/wildfire_may2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to premature death\u003c/a> in people with heart or lung disease, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers used simulated concentrations of particulate matter generated by a model for early, mid, and late-century time frames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on those concentrations, researchers then calculated the expected number of annual deaths due to chronic exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We relied on previously done epidemiological studies that have come up with relationships between particulate matter concentrations and death rates,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings underscore the importance of preparing for future air quality changes caused by wildfires, according to Pierce.[contextly_sidebar id=”GDcM14JS6EO9cSJhJF2nIvYmx8v5FrMP”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he cautions that more research needs to be done since the findings were based on a single simulation due to the high costs associated with doing environmental-based computational work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first simulation of its kind and we don’t have a proper probability distribution model,” says Pierce. “With more models, you can come up with a range of probabilities of what the future might look like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model used in the study bases its estimates on current climate projections that corrects for future things like temperature and relative humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our study is a starting point and the information could be used as a first estimate of what to prepare for,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health campaigns in conjunction with climate mitigation efforts could help reduce human exposure to wildfire smoke, according to the study’s authors.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 537,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 21
},
"modified": 1704927507,
"excerpt": "As wildfires continue to intensify due to climate change, scientists estimate that the number of deaths in the U.S. from chronic smoke inhalation could double by the turn of the century.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "As wildfires continue to intensify due to climate change, scientists estimate that the number of deaths in the U.S. from chronic smoke inhalation could double by the turn of the century.",
"title": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall",
"datePublished": "2018-09-11T14:09:43-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:27-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "u-s-deaths-from-wildfire-smoke-could-double-by-2100-even-as-air-quality-improves-overall",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Wildfires",
"path": "/science/1931000/u-s-deaths-from-wildfire-smoke-could-double-by-2100-even-as-air-quality-improves-overall",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As wildfire season intensifies due to climate change, a new study finds that the number of U.S. deaths linked to the chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could double by the end of the century — to more than 40,000 deaths per year.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018GH000144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the journal GeoHealth\u003c/a>, is the first to simulate the effects of wildfire smoke on human health over the coming decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at the impacts of changing fire emissions on air quality and premature deaths in the middle to late 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the model, the number of deaths from chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could increase to more than 40,000 per year by the end of the 21st century, up from around 15,000 per year today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declines in air pollution from human sources such as cars could be offset by increases in emissions from more intense wildfires, according to co-author Jeff Pierce, associate professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the U.S. Forest Service’s wildfire suppression costs reached a record\u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/blogs/2018-predicted-be-challenging-wildfire-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> high of $2.4 billion.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke concentrations will roughly double and this will counteract a lot of improvements gained from a reduction in emissions from human sources, such as power plants,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> poses a risk to human health\u003c/a> because of its composition, a mixture of gases and microscopic particles from burned material known as particulate matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exposure\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/wildfires/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to particulate matter\u003c/a> can irritate the eyes, aggravate respiratory issues, and worsen chronic heart and lung diseases, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can also lead\u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/airnow/wildfire_may2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to premature death\u003c/a> in people with heart or lung disease, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers used simulated concentrations of particulate matter generated by a model for early, mid, and late-century time frames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on those concentrations, researchers then calculated the expected number of annual deaths due to chronic exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We relied on previously done epidemiological studies that have come up with relationships between particulate matter concentrations and death rates,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings underscore the importance of preparing for future air quality changes caused by wildfires, according to Pierce.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he cautions that more research needs to be done since the findings were based on a single simulation due to the high costs associated with doing environmental-based computational work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first simulation of its kind and we don’t have a proper probability distribution model,” says Pierce. “With more models, you can come up with a range of probabilities of what the future might look like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model used in the study bases its estimates on current climate projections that corrects for future things like temperature and relative humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our study is a starting point and the information could be used as a first estimate of what to prepare for,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health campaigns in conjunction with climate mitigation efforts could help reduce human exposure to wildfire smoke, according to the study’s authors.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1931000/u-s-deaths-from-wildfire-smoke-could-double-by-2100-even-as-air-quality-improves-overall",
"authors": [
"11428"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_3151",
"science_39",
"science_3424",
"science_40",
"science_3730"
],
"tags": [
"science_505",
"science_194",
"science_5181",
"science_3693"
],
"featImg": "science_1931027",
"label": "source_science_1931000"
},
"science_1930575": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930575",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930575",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536684925000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536684925,
"format": "aside",
"title": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore",
"headTitle": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>KQED’s in-house cartoonist, Mark Fiore, has tackled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many subjects\u003c/a> over the years, including climate change. With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit convening this week in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, \u003cem>a\u003c/em> mood …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S.F. Bay Waters Rising Faster\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"794\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-800x538.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-768x517.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-960x646.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/bayareasealevelrise\">rise 5 feet by 2100\u003c/a>, putting airports, power plants and homes at risk. Over the past 118 years, the level of the bay — as measured at San Francisco’s Presidio — has risen 8 inches. A 5-foot sea level rise over the next 82 years would severely impact low-lying areas all around the region. (5/29/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr />\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought, Flood, Repeat \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"804\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-800x545.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-768x523.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-960x654.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-240x164.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-375x256.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new study shows California weather is \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclimatewhip\">set to get even wilder\u003c/a>, with more extreme droughts and floods in the state’s future. UCLA climate scientists project wetter wets and drier dries as climate change increases California’s “weather whiplash.” The lead author of the study, Daniel Swain, said, “I can definitely attest to being unnerved by some of our findings.” Increasingly extreme weather events could lead to $1 trillion catastrophes. (4/23/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Summer in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty degrees or 90 degrees, which Bay Area summer do you prefer If it’s too hot for you, just get yourself to the coast. If it’s too cold, head inland. Choose your own summer (work and transportation permitting). (7/4/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Megafires’ in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"891\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-800x604.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-768x580.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-960x725.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-520x393.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven of the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefireclimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most destructive wildfires\u003c/a> in California history occurred in the past 10 months. If it seems like fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">burning across the state\u003c/a> are burning hotter and more intensely, it’s because they are. Climate change is one of the leading factors contributing to California’s new “megafires.” (8/18/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gov. Jerry Brown on Climate Change Denier ‘Troglodytes’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a climate change event coinciding with the U.N. meeting in New York, Gov. Jerry Brown compared Trump supporters to “\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/18/jerry-brown-criticize-trump-supporters-242846\">people who dwell in deep, dark caves\u003c/a>.” This isn’t the first time Brown has referred to climate deniers as “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/16/governor-brown-takes-climate-message-to-world-stage/\">troglodytes\u003c/a>.” It seems like Gov. Brown has upped the ante on Hillary Clinton’s “deplorables” comment. (9/20/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Pink Christmas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Thomas Fire in Ventura County, now the fifth largest in California history, grew over the weekend as Gov. Jerry Brown talked of the possibility of “firefighting at Christmas.” The governor warned that climate change has made big wildfires in California a year-round danger. Here’s hoping Santa has more in his sleigh than just toys. (12/11/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Back to the Future of Emissions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreepafuel\">rejected Obama-era fuel efficiency standards\u003c/a> and set the stage for a battle with California clean air regulators. In a reference to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922025/feds-target-unique-waiver-that-allows-california-to-set-emissions-limits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">special exemption that allows California to set tougher emissions standards\u003c/a> than the federal government does, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt said, “cooperative federalism doesn’t mean that one state can dictate standards for the rest of the country.” (4/3/18)\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 541,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 22
},
"modified": 1704927509,
"excerpt": "With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit starting Wednesday in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, \u003ci>a\u003c/i> ... mood ...",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit starting Wednesday in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, a ... mood ...",
"title": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore",
"datePublished": "2018-09-11T09:55:25-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:29-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "climate-cartoons-fiore",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate Change",
"path": "/science/1930575/climate-cartoons-fiore",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>KQED’s in-house cartoonist, Mark Fiore, has tackled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many subjects\u003c/a> over the years, including climate change. With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit convening this week in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, \u003cem>a\u003c/em> mood …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S.F. Bay Waters Rising Faster\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"794\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-800x538.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-768x517.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-960x646.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/bayareasealevelrise\">rise 5 feet by 2100\u003c/a>, putting airports, power plants and homes at risk. Over the past 118 years, the level of the bay — as measured at San Francisco’s Presidio — has risen 8 inches. A 5-foot sea level rise over the next 82 years would severely impact low-lying areas all around the region. (5/29/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr />\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought, Flood, Repeat \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"804\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-800x545.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-768x523.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-960x654.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-240x164.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-375x256.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new study shows California weather is \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclimatewhip\">set to get even wilder\u003c/a>, with more extreme droughts and floods in the state’s future. UCLA climate scientists project wetter wets and drier dries as climate change increases California’s “weather whiplash.” The lead author of the study, Daniel Swain, said, “I can definitely attest to being unnerved by some of our findings.” Increasingly extreme weather events could lead to $1 trillion catastrophes. (4/23/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Summer in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty degrees or 90 degrees, which Bay Area summer do you prefer If it’s too hot for you, just get yourself to the coast. If it’s too cold, head inland. Choose your own summer (work and transportation permitting). (7/4/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Megafires’ in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"891\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-800x604.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-768x580.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-960x725.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-520x393.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven of the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefireclimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most destructive wildfires\u003c/a> in California history occurred in the past 10 months. If it seems like fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">burning across the state\u003c/a> are burning hotter and more intensely, it’s because they are. Climate change is one of the leading factors contributing to California’s new “megafires.” (8/18/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gov. Jerry Brown on Climate Change Denier ‘Troglodytes’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a climate change event coinciding with the U.N. meeting in New York, Gov. Jerry Brown compared Trump supporters to “\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/18/jerry-brown-criticize-trump-supporters-242846\">people who dwell in deep, dark caves\u003c/a>.” This isn’t the first time Brown has referred to climate deniers as “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/16/governor-brown-takes-climate-message-to-world-stage/\">troglodytes\u003c/a>.” It seems like Gov. Brown has upped the ante on Hillary Clinton’s “deplorables” comment. (9/20/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Pink Christmas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Thomas Fire in Ventura County, now the fifth largest in California history, grew over the weekend as Gov. Jerry Brown talked of the possibility of “firefighting at Christmas.” The governor warned that climate change has made big wildfires in California a year-round danger. Here’s hoping Santa has more in his sleigh than just toys. (12/11/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Back to the Future of Emissions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreepafuel\">rejected Obama-era fuel efficiency standards\u003c/a> and set the stage for a battle with California clean air regulators. In a reference to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922025/feds-target-unique-waiver-that-allows-california-to-set-emissions-limits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">special exemption that allows California to set tougher emissions standards\u003c/a> than the federal government does, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt said, “cooperative federalism doesn’t mean that one state can dictate standards for the rest of the country.” (4/3/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930575/climate-cartoons-fiore",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194"
],
"featImg": "science_1930908",
"label": "source_science_1930575"
},
"science_1930714": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930714",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930714",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536683944000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536683944,
"format": "audio",
"title": "Great-Grandmother's Art Examines 'Planet Earth Screwed'",
"headTitle": "Great-Grandmother’s Art Examines ‘Planet Earth Screwed’ | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>With her white, wispy hair and smiling eyes behind delicate glasses, 92-year old Phyllis Thelen looks every bit the great-grandmother that she is. But she’s got a biting sense of irony.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you step into her San Rafael art studio, one of the first things you notice are the 12 wooden globes up on a high shelf. They’re big — the size of soccer balls. Each globe is covered in something representing the various ways humans are despoiling the planet — homes, flames — and sits atop a silver screw, screwed into a wooden block.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis calls her collection “Planet Earth Screwed.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Phyllis Thelen’s moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t paint flowers. I don’t do the usual beauty that most people think about. I look at the wrinkles in a piece of bark, which has a really attractive look that nature did herself. I like to look at pieces that fell off of trees and plants that are dead — totally dead — because they are dry and I can keep them looking that way forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And — being my age — I also like the idea that the old and dried up things are still beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a person who’s inclined to see a need and fill it, not just scream at it. So it’s natural for me to make this art that somehow addresses these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I’ve seen a lot in the last 92 years that make me very aware of how things are changing here. One of the biggest changes came when we saw a picture of Planet Earth from the moon or one of the rockets. Beautiful little orb there swirling in the blue with green and blue — and it was maybe the first time that I really had a picture of how we looked from afar. And I began to think of it as such a vulnerable, little thing out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1931360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2100\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg 2100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2100px) 100vw, 2100px\">\u003c/a>And I began to think about the smog I remembered. I began to see it covered in soot. And I began to think about the plastic floating in the ocean. To look at this beautiful blue globe and see big blobs of plastic — bigger than California — blew my mind. I couldn’t imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t think of looking at the planet anymore without seeing smudges and smears and terrible things. So I made 12 globes showing what happens when you do something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why these planets are screwed into a stand to hold them. It’s obvious they’re on a screw. And I really feel that that’s what we’re doing. It’s us; it’s not anything else. It’s not just nature. Nature’s reacting to what we are doing. We’re making it more and more difficult for the Earth to function the way it is intended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world can be unscrewed the way it is now. I think we have gone a long way into messing things up and it’s going to take drastic work. And maybe if we all did one thing we felt might make a difference, we would find it really did makes a huge difference. It’s just a matter of deciding to be a partner in this with nature in this whole struggle to keep our Planet Earth looking the way it used to look from afar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis Thelen is an award-winning artist in San Rafael. She’s a mother of four, grandmother of 12, and great-grandmother of seven. Becky Hoag reported and produced this Moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 634,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 15
},
"modified": 1704927511,
"excerpt": null,
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "With her white, wispy hair and smiling eyes behind delicate glasses, 92-year old Phyllis Thelen looks every bit the great-grandmother that she is. But she's got a biting sense of irony. If you step into her San Rafael art studio, one of the first things you notice are the 12 wooden globes up on a",
"title": "Great-Grandmother's Art Examines 'Planet Earth Screwed' | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Great-Grandmother's Art Examines 'Planet Earth Screwed'",
"datePublished": "2018-09-11T09:39:04-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:31-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "tcr-mag-phyllis-draft",
"status": "publish",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/09/ThelenMomentOnEarth.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 288,
"path": "/science/1930714/tcr-mag-phyllis-draft",
"audioDuration": 301000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>With her white, wispy hair and smiling eyes behind delicate glasses, 92-year old Phyllis Thelen looks every bit the great-grandmother that she is. But she’s got a biting sense of irony.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you step into her San Rafael art studio, one of the first things you notice are the 12 wooden globes up on a high shelf. They’re big — the size of soccer balls. Each globe is covered in something representing the various ways humans are despoiling the planet — homes, flames — and sits atop a silver screw, screwed into a wooden block.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis calls her collection “Planet Earth Screwed.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Phyllis Thelen’s moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t paint flowers. I don’t do the usual beauty that most people think about. I look at the wrinkles in a piece of bark, which has a really attractive look that nature did herself. I like to look at pieces that fell off of trees and plants that are dead — totally dead — because they are dry and I can keep them looking that way forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And — being my age — I also like the idea that the old and dried up things are still beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a person who’s inclined to see a need and fill it, not just scream at it. So it’s natural for me to make this art that somehow addresses these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I’ve seen a lot in the last 92 years that make me very aware of how things are changing here. One of the biggest changes came when we saw a picture of Planet Earth from the moon or one of the rockets. Beautiful little orb there swirling in the blue with green and blue — and it was maybe the first time that I really had a picture of how we looked from afar. And I began to think of it as such a vulnerable, little thing out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1931360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2100\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg 2100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2100px) 100vw, 2100px\">\u003c/a>And I began to think about the smog I remembered. I began to see it covered in soot. And I began to think about the plastic floating in the ocean. To look at this beautiful blue globe and see big blobs of plastic — bigger than California — blew my mind. I couldn’t imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t think of looking at the planet anymore without seeing smudges and smears and terrible things. So I made 12 globes showing what happens when you do something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why these planets are screwed into a stand to hold them. It’s obvious they’re on a screw. And I really feel that that’s what we’re doing. It’s us; it’s not anything else. It’s not just nature. Nature’s reacting to what we are doing. We’re making it more and more difficult for the Earth to function the way it is intended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world can be unscrewed the way it is now. I think we have gone a long way into messing things up and it’s going to take drastic work. And maybe if we all did one thing we felt might make a difference, we would find it really did makes a huge difference. It’s just a matter of deciding to be a partner in this with nature in this whole struggle to keep our Planet Earth looking the way it used to look from afar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis Thelen is an award-winning artist in San Rafael. She’s a mother of four, grandmother of 12, and great-grandmother of seven. Becky Hoag reported and produced this Moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930714/tcr-mag-phyllis-draft",
"authors": [
"11517"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_3584"
],
"tags": [
"science_635",
"science_194",
"science_3585",
"science_3581"
],
"featImg": "science_1931073",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1931034": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1931034",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1931034",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536617344000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536617344,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Giant Trash Collecting Device To Be Deployed in the Pacific Ocean",
"headTitle": "Giant Trash Collecting Device To Be Deployed in the Pacific Ocean | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Engineers are deploying a trash collection device to corral plastic litter floating between California and Hawaii in an attempt to clean up the world’s largest garbage patch in the heart of the Pacific Ocean.[contextly_sidebar id=”ExPcTJVxDRlo48dyas0ULQBwRiF1WAjq”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2,000-foot long floating boom is being towed from San Francisco to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch — an island of trash twice the size of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system was created by The Ocean Cleanup, an organization founded by Boyan Slat, a 24-year-old innovator from the Netherlands who first became passionate about cleaning the oceans when he went scuba diving at age 16 in the Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plastic is really persistent and it doesn’t go away by itself and the time to act is now,” Slat said, adding that researchers with his organization found plastic going back to the 1960s and 1970s bobbing in the patch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The buoyant, U-shaped barrier made of plastic and with a tapered 10-foot deep screen, is intended to act like a coastline, trapping some of the 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic that scientists estimate are swirling in that gyre but allowing marine life to safely swim beneath it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fitted with solar power lights, cameras, sensors and satellite antennas, the cleanup system will communicate its position at all times, allowing a support vessel to fish out the collected plastic every few months and transport it to dry land where it will be recycled, said Slat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shipping containers filled with the fishing nets, plastic bottles, laundry baskets and other plastic refuse scooped up by the system being deployed Saturday are expected to be back on land within a year, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slat said he and his team will pay close attention to whether the system works efficiently and withstands harsh ocean conditions, including huge waves. He said he’s most looking forward to a ship loaded with plastic coming back to port.[contextly_sidebar id=”HEddLyWKjztJ783eMOy5VlBtKi6DphNB”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have to prove the technology… which will then allow us to scale up a fleet of systems,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ocean Cleanup, which has raised $35 million in donations to fund the project, including from Salesforce.com chief executive Marc Benioff and PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel, will deploy 60 free-floating barriers in the Pacific Ocean by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our goals is to remove 50 percent of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free-floating barriers are made to withstand harsh weather conditions and constant wear and tear. They will stay in the water for two decades and in that time collect 90 percent of the trash in the patch, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Leonard, chief scientist of the Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group, said he’s skeptical Slat can achieve that goal because even if plastic trash can be taken out of the ocean, a lot more is pouring in each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We at the Ocean Conservancy are highly skeptical but we hope it works,” he said. “The ocean needs all the help it can get.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard said 9 million tons of plastic waste enter the ocean annually and that a solution must include a multi-pronged approach, including stopping plastic from reaching the ocean and more education so people reduce consumption of single use plastic containers and bottles.[contextly_sidebar id=”4iprbOctg89xEZy7VIqjdqBwvJKYxjhg”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t stop plastics from flowing into the ocean, it will be a Sisyphean task,” Leonard said, citing the Greek myth of a task never completed. He added that on September 15 about 1 million volunteers around the world will collect trash from beaches and waterways as part of the Ocean Conservancy’s annual International Coastal Cleanup. Volunteers last year collected about 10,000 tons of plastics worldwide over two hours, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard also raised concerns that marine and wildlife could be entangled by the net that will hang below the surface. He said he hopes Slat’s group is transparent with its data and shares information with the public about what happens with the first deployment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has set a very large and lofty goal and we certainly hope it works but we really are not going to know until it is deployed,” Leonard said. “We have to wait and see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will act as a “big boat that stands still in the water” and will have a screen and not a net so that there is nothing for marine life to get entangled with. As an extra precautionary measure, a boat carrying experienced marine biologists will be deployed to make sure the device is not harming wildlife, Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the first to acknowledge this has never done before and that it is important to collect plastic on land and close the taps on plastic entering into the ocean, but I also think humanity can do more than one thing at a time to tackle this problem,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 868,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 22
},
"modified": 1704927514,
"excerpt": "A massive buoyant trash-collecting device is en route from San Francisco to the Pacific Ocean. Once deployed, it will form a U-shaped barrier to trap plastic.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A massive buoyant trash-collecting device is en route from San Francisco to the Pacific Ocean. Once deployed, it will form a U-shaped barrier to trap plastic.",
"title": "Giant Trash Collecting Device To Be Deployed in the Pacific Ocean | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Giant Trash Collecting Device To Be Deployed in the Pacific Ocean",
"datePublished": "2018-09-10T15:09:04-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:34-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "giant-trash-collecting-device-to-be-deployed-in-the-pacific-ocean",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Olga R. Rodriguez\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Oceans",
"path": "/science/1931034/giant-trash-collecting-device-to-be-deployed-in-the-pacific-ocean",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Engineers are deploying a trash collection device to corral plastic litter floating between California and Hawaii in an attempt to clean up the world’s largest garbage patch in the heart of the Pacific Ocean.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2,000-foot long floating boom is being towed from San Francisco to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch — an island of trash twice the size of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system was created by The Ocean Cleanup, an organization founded by Boyan Slat, a 24-year-old innovator from the Netherlands who first became passionate about cleaning the oceans when he went scuba diving at age 16 in the Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plastic is really persistent and it doesn’t go away by itself and the time to act is now,” Slat said, adding that researchers with his organization found plastic going back to the 1960s and 1970s bobbing in the patch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The buoyant, U-shaped barrier made of plastic and with a tapered 10-foot deep screen, is intended to act like a coastline, trapping some of the 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic that scientists estimate are swirling in that gyre but allowing marine life to safely swim beneath it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fitted with solar power lights, cameras, sensors and satellite antennas, the cleanup system will communicate its position at all times, allowing a support vessel to fish out the collected plastic every few months and transport it to dry land where it will be recycled, said Slat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shipping containers filled with the fishing nets, plastic bottles, laundry baskets and other plastic refuse scooped up by the system being deployed Saturday are expected to be back on land within a year, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slat said he and his team will pay close attention to whether the system works efficiently and withstands harsh ocean conditions, including huge waves. He said he’s most looking forward to a ship loaded with plastic coming back to port.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have to prove the technology… which will then allow us to scale up a fleet of systems,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ocean Cleanup, which has raised $35 million in donations to fund the project, including from Salesforce.com chief executive Marc Benioff and PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel, will deploy 60 free-floating barriers in the Pacific Ocean by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our goals is to remove 50 percent of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free-floating barriers are made to withstand harsh weather conditions and constant wear and tear. They will stay in the water for two decades and in that time collect 90 percent of the trash in the patch, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Leonard, chief scientist of the Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group, said he’s skeptical Slat can achieve that goal because even if plastic trash can be taken out of the ocean, a lot more is pouring in each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We at the Ocean Conservancy are highly skeptical but we hope it works,” he said. “The ocean needs all the help it can get.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard said 9 million tons of plastic waste enter the ocean annually and that a solution must include a multi-pronged approach, including stopping plastic from reaching the ocean and more education so people reduce consumption of single use plastic containers and bottles.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t stop plastics from flowing into the ocean, it will be a Sisyphean task,” Leonard said, citing the Greek myth of a task never completed. He added that on September 15 about 1 million volunteers around the world will collect trash from beaches and waterways as part of the Ocean Conservancy’s annual International Coastal Cleanup. Volunteers last year collected about 10,000 tons of plastics worldwide over two hours, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard also raised concerns that marine and wildlife could be entangled by the net that will hang below the surface. He said he hopes Slat’s group is transparent with its data and shares information with the public about what happens with the first deployment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has set a very large and lofty goal and we certainly hope it works but we really are not going to know until it is deployed,” Leonard said. “We have to wait and see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will act as a “big boat that stands still in the water” and will have a screen and not a net so that there is nothing for marine life to get entangled with. As an extra precautionary measure, a boat carrying experienced marine biologists will be deployed to make sure the device is not harming wildlife, Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the first to acknowledge this has never done before and that it is important to collect plastic on land and close the taps on plastic entering into the ocean, but I also think humanity can do more than one thing at a time to tackle this problem,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1931034/giant-trash-collecting-device-to-be-deployed-in-the-pacific-ocean",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1931034"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_2873"
],
"tags": [
"science_192",
"science_1155",
"science_1189",
"science_554",
"science_461"
],
"featImg": "science_1931037",
"label": "source_science_1931034"
},
"science_1930972": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930972",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930972",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536611854000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "why-100-percent-clean-energy-in-california-is-gonna-be-tricky",
"title": "Why 100 Percent Clean Energy in California is Gonna Be Tricky",
"publishDate": 1536611854,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Why 100 Percent Clean Energy in California is Gonna Be Tricky | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 5376,
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>California has some hurdles to overcome in meeting the most ambitious clean energy goal in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"//leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SB 100\u003c/a> Monday, requiring that 100 percent of the state’s electricity must come from solar, wind and other emissions-free sources by 2045. He also signed an executive order that directs the state to achieve “carbon neutrality” by the same year, and “net negative greenhouse gas emissions” after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s no understating the importance of this measure.\u003cbr>\nSB 100 is sending a message to California and to the world.’\u003ccite>Governor Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For the fifth largest economy in the world, moving to 100 percent emissions-free energy would mean a wholesale transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But will it bring about the end of fossils fuels in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the past is any precedent, it’s going to be difficult. So far, California hasn’t gotten as much benefit from its capacity for solar as it could. That’s because California has to keep natural gas running to supply energy on cloudy days and at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So renewable energy has created new challenges for running the state’s electric grid. And grid operators have turned to California’s primary fossil fuel resource, large natural-gas power plants, to solve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s created an uncomfortable marriage between renewable energy and fossil fuels\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> And it’s one that California policymakers will have to figure out how to dissolve, if the state wants to reach its clean energy targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Have no illusions. California and the rest of the world have miles to go before we achieve zero carbon emissions,” the governor said Monday, upon signing SB 100. “But you have to begin. You have to get something done. California’s been doing stuff that the rest of the world — most of the world — is just hoping they might get to someday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps in clean energy will be a bit tougher than what the state has done so far, says Laura Wisland, who works on energy policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The easy part is bringing renewables onto the grid,” she says. “How do we actually turn down the fossil at the same time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t long ago that solar energy was considered an expensive, niche technology. Then, in 2002, California lawmakers passed the first renewable mandate, requiring utilities to put 20 percent renewable energy onto the grid. Opponents cautioned that the technology would be too expensive and unreliable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those fears were really unfounded,” says Wisland. “The cost of renewable energy has come down quite significantly.” Today, solar and wind are competitive with natural gas power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the years that followed, California lawmakers got even more ambitious, requiring 33 percent renewables by 2020 and 50 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/Z1G6u/8/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the most important things we’ve done over the years is the legislature has set goals that are within reach but seem like stretch goals at the time,” Wisland says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, about a third of California’s electricity comes from renewables, including solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and small hydropower dams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar installations, in particular, skyrocketed. In just five years, solar went from less than 1 percent of California’s in-state electricity generation in 2012 to over 11 percent in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But electricity from natural gas has also held steady. In 2017, it represented more than 40 percent of California’s in-state generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s because solar energy has fundamentally shifted the way the state’s electric grid is run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Balancing the Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because solar energy has fundamentally shifted the way the state’s electric grid is run. When the majority of Californians turn on their lights, it’s due in large part to about a dozen people staring at a wall of screens in Folsom, California. It’s the California Independent System Operator, which runs most of the state’s grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930976\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1930976\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-800x388.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-800x388.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-160x78.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-768x372.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1020x494.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1200x581.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1920x930.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1180x572.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-960x465.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-240x116.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-375x182.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-520x252.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO.jpg 1930w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The control room at California’s grid operation center in Folsom, California. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s constantly solving a constant problem,” said Nancy Traweek, who directs systems operations there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I visited two years ago, it was a sunny day, which meant the state’s solar farms were cranking out electricity. But solar presents a few tricky problems for grid operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within an hour, you could have a cloud come over a solar field and then a few minutes later move away and then come back over,” Traweek said. That would cause the power supply to drop suddenly. “That needs to come from somewhere else immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar electricity also drops off as the sun sets, but that is the time when the state needs electricity the most, because Californians are coming home from work and turning their lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So grid operators have to keep natural gas plants running in the background. If they’re turned off, they can take as long as eight hours to start up if the power plant hasn’t been run recently\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But running solar and natural gas together during the day can create more electricity than is needed, especially in the spring and fall, when Californians aren’t running their air air conditioners. And flooding the grid with too much power can cause it to fail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we really [have] to start cutting as much as we possibly can,” said Traweek. “If that’s not done, then you could have a blackout.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, grid operators have to tell solar farms to shut off. And it’s happening more and more often. So far this year, California has \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/informed/Pages/ManagingOversupply.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forgone enough solar electricity\u003c/a> to power San Francisco for 20 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making Space for Solar\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of that problem is that we’re not making enough room for solar on the grid,” says Wisland. “There’s a lot of different ways to deal with that issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra solar energy could be stored in large batteries or other energy storage technologies, or it could be shared with neighboring states. That would preclude the necessity of turning it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can do more to shift our electricity demand to the middle of the day, so that we’re taking advantage of that solar resource,” Wisland says. “We can also do more to make investments in different types of renewable generation technologies that actually do generate during the nighttime. Examples of that are geothermal or wind, especially wind in other places in the West.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has mandated that California utilities install energy storage. Many of those solutions, however, are still being developed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe that’s why the natural gas industry isn’t quite as worried as you’d think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bulk of the modern gas fleet is going to stick around and be needed for a while,” says Matt Barmack of Calpine, which owns 20 natural gas power plants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the big batteries on the grid only store several hours worth of electricity. That is not enough to fill big energy gaps created by the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just hours or days, but weeks when solar generation is low and wind generation is low,” Barmack says. “And gas is very good for getting through those kinds of events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can’t Compete\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the rise in solar power has upended the economic model for many natural gas plants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be that we would generate the most in the afternoon,” Barmack says. Now, that’s when solar is available at a very low price, and the electricity from natural gas power can’t compete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s getting harder, and there’s definitely less compensation available from the energy market,” says Barmack. “We’ve retired several plants already probably before the end of their economically useful lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barmack says there’s a real risk that many natural gas power plants will go out of business while California still needs them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think in some cases that’s OK, because that’s a market signal that the generation from those plants isn’t necessary anymore,” says Wisland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there needs to be a careful exit strategy for natural gas power, he says. Some natural gas plants are located in places where they’re important to ensure reliable power for a local area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that there is going to be a role for some natural gas on the system,” Wisland says. “And in those cases, we will need to have a conversation about whether it’s necessary to rethink the way certain natural gas plants get paid, at least in the short term, so that they don’t retire before we’re ready to replace them with a cleaner resource.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could be through an existing special energy market in California, known as “resource adequacy.” Power plants get payments that way simply for being available to ensure the grid can function reliably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some argue those annual payments aren’t enough to keep natural gas power plants around. That’s already \u003ca href=\"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/pges-landmark-energy-storage-projects-snagged-by-pushback/530007/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">led to a controversy\u003c/a> over one of Calpine’s natural gas power plants, which was granted extra payments from the grid operators to stay open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long-Term Outlook\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California’s 2045 goal could mean the end of fossil fuel plants as they operate today, there could be a way for them to survive. The state’s electricity doesn’t only have to come from renewable energy, but “clean” sources that don’t produce emissions. That could include large hydropower dams or fossil fuels that don’t release emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Calpine says it’s looking at capturing the carbon emissions from its power plants and trapping them, a technology known as carbon capture and storage. But the technology is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/485125/despite-millions-in-investment-carbon-capture-flops-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">still in its early days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s safe to say that it’s at the pilot phase,” says Barmack. “It’s definitely something we’re interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question remains about how fast technology like energy storage will develop to augment renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can do a lot with wind, solar and storage technology, but it’s very difficult to squeeze the last bit of gas generation out of the system,” says Barmack. “How far do we really want to go,” he says, alluding to the state’s new 100 percent goal. “Is 95 percent enough, given that 95 percent is likely to be a lot less expensive than 100 percent?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “2045 is a really long time away, and we’ve got a lot of tools on the table already to get there,” says Wisland. “California never ceases to surpass and exceed people’s expectations in terms of what we can come up with when we set our minds to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, at least, the state has met every one of its renewable energy goals.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Governor Jerry Brown just signed the landmark law requiring 100 percent clean energy by 2045. So why isn't the fossil fuel industry more scared?",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727135646,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/Z1G6u/8/"
],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 59,
"wordCount": 1937
},
"headData": {
"title": "Why 100 Percent Clean Energy in California is Gonna Be Tricky | KQED",
"description": "Governor Jerry Brown just signed the landmark law requiring 100 percent clean energy by 2045. So why isn't the fossil fuel industry more scared?",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Why 100 Percent Clean Energy in California is Gonna Be Tricky",
"datePublished": "2018-09-10T13:37:34-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-23T16:54:06-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2018/09/SommerRenewableEnergy.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 429,
"path": "/science/1930972/why-100-percent-clean-energy-in-california-is-gonna-be-tricky",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California has some hurdles to overcome in meeting the most ambitious clean energy goal in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"//leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB100\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SB 100\u003c/a> Monday, requiring that 100 percent of the state’s electricity must come from solar, wind and other emissions-free sources by 2045. He also signed an executive order that directs the state to achieve “carbon neutrality” by the same year, and “net negative greenhouse gas emissions” after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s no understating the importance of this measure.\u003cbr>\nSB 100 is sending a message to California and to the world.’\u003ccite>Governor Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For the fifth largest economy in the world, moving to 100 percent emissions-free energy would mean a wholesale transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But will it bring about the end of fossils fuels in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the past is any precedent, it’s going to be difficult. So far, California hasn’t gotten as much benefit from its capacity for solar as it could. That’s because California has to keep natural gas running to supply energy on cloudy days and at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So renewable energy has created new challenges for running the state’s electric grid. And grid operators have turned to California’s primary fossil fuel resource, large natural-gas power plants, to solve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s created an uncomfortable marriage between renewable energy and fossil fuels\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> And it’s one that California policymakers will have to figure out how to dissolve, if the state wants to reach its clean energy targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Have no illusions. California and the rest of the world have miles to go before we achieve zero carbon emissions,” the governor said Monday, upon signing SB 100. “But you have to begin. You have to get something done. California’s been doing stuff that the rest of the world — most of the world — is just hoping they might get to someday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps in clean energy will be a bit tougher than what the state has done so far, says Laura Wisland, who works on energy policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The easy part is bringing renewables onto the grid,” she says. “How do we actually turn down the fossil at the same time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t long ago that solar energy was considered an expensive, niche technology. Then, in 2002, California lawmakers passed the first renewable mandate, requiring utilities to put 20 percent renewable energy onto the grid. Opponents cautioned that the technology would be too expensive and unreliable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those fears were really unfounded,” says Wisland. “The cost of renewable energy has come down quite significantly.” Today, solar and wind are competitive with natural gas power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the years that followed, California lawmakers got even more ambitious, requiring 33 percent renewables by 2020 and 50 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/Z1G6u/8/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the most important things we’ve done over the years is the legislature has set goals that are within reach but seem like stretch goals at the time,” Wisland says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, about a third of California’s electricity comes from renewables, including solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and small hydropower dams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar installations, in particular, skyrocketed. In just five years, solar went from less than 1 percent of California’s in-state electricity generation in 2012 to over 11 percent in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But electricity from natural gas has also held steady. In 2017, it represented more than 40 percent of California’s in-state generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s because solar energy has fundamentally shifted the way the state’s electric grid is run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Balancing the Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because solar energy has fundamentally shifted the way the state’s electric grid is run. When the majority of Californians turn on their lights, it’s due in large part to about a dozen people staring at a wall of screens in Folsom, California. It’s the California Independent System Operator, which runs most of the state’s grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930976\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1930976\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-800x388.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-800x388.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-160x78.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-768x372.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1020x494.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1200x581.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1920x930.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-1180x572.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-960x465.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-240x116.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-375x182.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO-520x252.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ISO.jpg 1930w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The control room at California’s grid operation center in Folsom, California. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s constantly solving a constant problem,” said Nancy Traweek, who directs systems operations there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I visited two years ago, it was a sunny day, which meant the state’s solar farms were cranking out electricity. But solar presents a few tricky problems for grid operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within an hour, you could have a cloud come over a solar field and then a few minutes later move away and then come back over,” Traweek said. That would cause the power supply to drop suddenly. “That needs to come from somewhere else immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar electricity also drops off as the sun sets, but that is the time when the state needs electricity the most, because Californians are coming home from work and turning their lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So grid operators have to keep natural gas plants running in the background. If they’re turned off, they can take as long as eight hours to start up if the power plant hasn’t been run recently\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But running solar and natural gas together during the day can create more electricity than is needed, especially in the spring and fall, when Californians aren’t running their air air conditioners. And flooding the grid with too much power can cause it to fail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we really [have] to start cutting as much as we possibly can,” said Traweek. “If that’s not done, then you could have a blackout.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, grid operators have to tell solar farms to shut off. And it’s happening more and more often. So far this year, California has \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/informed/Pages/ManagingOversupply.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forgone enough solar electricity\u003c/a> to power San Francisco for 20 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making Space for Solar\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of that problem is that we’re not making enough room for solar on the grid,” says Wisland. “There’s a lot of different ways to deal with that issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra solar energy could be stored in large batteries or other energy storage technologies, or it could be shared with neighboring states. That would preclude the necessity of turning it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can do more to shift our electricity demand to the middle of the day, so that we’re taking advantage of that solar resource,” Wisland says. “We can also do more to make investments in different types of renewable generation technologies that actually do generate during the nighttime. Examples of that are geothermal or wind, especially wind in other places in the West.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has mandated that California utilities install energy storage. Many of those solutions, however, are still being developed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe that’s why the natural gas industry isn’t quite as worried as you’d think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bulk of the modern gas fleet is going to stick around and be needed for a while,” says Matt Barmack of Calpine, which owns 20 natural gas power plants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the big batteries on the grid only store several hours worth of electricity. That is not enough to fill big energy gaps created by the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just hours or days, but weeks when solar generation is low and wind generation is low,” Barmack says. “And gas is very good for getting through those kinds of events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can’t Compete\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the rise in solar power has upended the economic model for many natural gas plants in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be that we would generate the most in the afternoon,” Barmack says. Now, that’s when solar is available at a very low price, and the electricity from natural gas power can’t compete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s getting harder, and there’s definitely less compensation available from the energy market,” says Barmack. “We’ve retired several plants already probably before the end of their economically useful lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barmack says there’s a real risk that many natural gas power plants will go out of business while California still needs them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think in some cases that’s OK, because that’s a market signal that the generation from those plants isn’t necessary anymore,” says Wisland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there needs to be a careful exit strategy for natural gas power, he says. Some natural gas plants are located in places where they’re important to ensure reliable power for a local area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clear that there is going to be a role for some natural gas on the system,” Wisland says. “And in those cases, we will need to have a conversation about whether it’s necessary to rethink the way certain natural gas plants get paid, at least in the short term, so that they don’t retire before we’re ready to replace them with a cleaner resource.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could be through an existing special energy market in California, known as “resource adequacy.” Power plants get payments that way simply for being available to ensure the grid can function reliably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some argue those annual payments aren’t enough to keep natural gas power plants around. That’s already \u003ca href=\"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/pges-landmark-energy-storage-projects-snagged-by-pushback/530007/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">led to a controversy\u003c/a> over one of Calpine’s natural gas power plants, which was granted extra payments from the grid operators to stay open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long-Term Outlook\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California’s 2045 goal could mean the end of fossil fuel plants as they operate today, there could be a way for them to survive. The state’s electricity doesn’t only have to come from renewable energy, but “clean” sources that don’t produce emissions. That could include large hydropower dams or fossil fuels that don’t release emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Calpine says it’s looking at capturing the carbon emissions from its power plants and trapping them, a technology known as carbon capture and storage. But the technology is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/485125/despite-millions-in-investment-carbon-capture-flops-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">still in its early days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s safe to say that it’s at the pilot phase,” says Barmack. “It’s definitely something we’re interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question remains about how fast technology like energy storage will develop to augment renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can do a lot with wind, solar and storage technology, but it’s very difficult to squeeze the last bit of gas generation out of the system,” says Barmack. “How far do we really want to go,” he says, alluding to the state’s new 100 percent goal. “Is 95 percent enough, given that 95 percent is likely to be a lot less expensive than 100 percent?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “2045 is a really long time away, and we’ve got a lot of tools on the table already to get there,” says Wisland. “California never ceases to surpass and exceed people’s expectations in terms of what we can come up with when we set our minds to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, at least, the state has met every one of its renewable energy goals.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930972/why-100-percent-clean-energy-in-california-is-gonna-be-tricky",
"authors": [
"239"
],
"programs": [
"science_5376"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_89",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_5141",
"science_3423"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_4203",
"science_134",
"science_3370",
"science_3301"
],
"featImg": "science_1930978",
"label": "science_5376"
},
"science_1930643": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930643",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930643",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536562873000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "outlook-grim-but-not-hopeless-as-climate-summit-convenes-in-san-francisco",
"title": "Outlook Grim But Not Hopeless as Climate Summit Convenes in San Francisco",
"publishDate": 1536562873,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Outlook Grim But Not Hopeless as Climate Summit Convenes in San Francisco | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>This week corporate and civic leaders from around the world will gather in San Francisco for the \u003ca href=\"http://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort was spearheaded by Gov. Jerry Brown to move the fight against global warming beyond the national commitments made in Paris nearly three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Thirty years ago we predicted it in the models — and now I’m feeling it. I’m experiencing it.’\u003ccite>Inez Fung, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Look, it’s up to you and it’s up to me and tens of millions of other people to get it together to roll back the forces of carbonization,” says Brown in a promotional video for the summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is likely to be Brown’s last big climate event before he leaves office next year, and it comes at a time when many scientists agree that time is running out for a major counteroffensive against global warming, which Brown has repeatedly called an “existential threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not prepared,” says Inez Fung, an atmospheric scientist at UC Berkeley, who can see the accelerated effects of a warming planet all around her, from raging wildfires in the western U.S. to death-dealing floods in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty years ago we predicted it in the models,” she says, “and now I’m feeling it. I’m experiencing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘None of the students in my classes have grown up in a normal climate. None of them.’\u003ccite>Bill Collins, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Across the U.S., the average temperature has risen almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit since the start of the 20th Century. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In California\u003c/a>, the heat has been turned up unevenly, with portions of the state warming over the same period by anywhere from one, to nearly three degrees. (The South Coast of California has experienced the biggest rise.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/wJL49/6/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because the global oven was first fired up with the burning of fossil fuels more than 200 years ago, scientists say a certain amount of future warming is already “baked in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We released enough carbon dioxide to continue warming the climate for several centuries to come,” observes Bill Collins, who directs climate and ecological science at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were to stop emissions entirely of all greenhouse gases right this minute,” he reckons, “we’d see roughly another half a degree centigrade … by the end of the 21st Century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s almost a full degree (Fahrenheit) already in the pipeline. So even if we shut down all emissions — which is not happening — we might still get to the 3.5 F threshold where scientists say the worst effects of climate change would kick in. (This is normally expressed by scientists as 2 degrees Celsius, which is the same as 3.5 F).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But Wait, There’s More!\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing years now that basically blow the roof off of records that have been maintained by the National Climate Data Service back to the late 19th century,” notes Collins — and then a remarkable thought occurs to him:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“None of the students in my classes have grown up in a normal climate,” he adds. “None of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about that. On the flipside, if you’re over, say 30 years old and can actually recall “normal,” well, that’s over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to say that all the projections that were made 30 years ago are still valid,” says Fung. “The only thing we had not anticipated … is that the CO2 increases much faster than we ever thought that it would.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the pledges made in Paris by nearly every nation in the world (the U.S. is alone among signatories in \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2018/06/01/one-year-since-trumps-withdrawal-from-the-paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">backing out\u003c/a> of the climate accord, under the Trump administration), emissions are still rising. And even those historic commitments — if they’re all kept — won’t be sufficient to turn things around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, we’re already beyond that,” says Fung. “The commitments, I think, are very good start, but they’re just not adequate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don’t Give Up the Ship\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this grim talk might lead one to ask what point there is in trying to reverse the climate train. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently refined climate models\u003c/a> suggest that aggressively cutting emissions could improve future life on Earth in significant ways — or at least blunt the impact of continued warming. It could, for example, reduce periods of extreme heat in Sacramento from two weeks a year to as little as two days. The Sierra snowpack might shrink by “just” 20 percent, rather than 75 percent. That’s the optimistic scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s climate summit will pull together mayors, state and provincial governors, scientists and corporate leaders to keep momentum going with \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“subnational” actions\u003c/a> to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. They’ll be joined by major players such as former Vice President Al Gore and former Secretary of State John Kerry, who signed the Paris accord on behalf of the U.S. with his tiny granddaughter perched on his lap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the themes attendees will discuss is, “key building blocks required to peak global emissions by 2020,” a goal that seems wildly optimistic given current trajectories and with most of 2018 already behind us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930832\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1704px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: traffic on I-80 near Crockett, CA\" width=\"1704\" height=\"2272\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg 1704w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1704px) 100vw, 1704px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Transportation is the single largest source of climate emissions in California. After leveling off briefly, emissions from cars and trucks have been rising again. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“First thing we have to do as a global community is reverse course rather sharply,” says Collins. “We think it is technically feasible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically feasible, perhaps — but not easy. California, for instance, has the nation’s most aggressive efforts to cut greenhouse gases and overall, it’s working: total emissions are down 13 percent since 2004. And still, climate \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/pubs/reports/2000_2016/ghg_inventory_trends_00-16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">emissions from cars and trucks\u003c/a> have been on the rise in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our cars are literally our time machines,” says Collins.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike Doc Brown’s Delorean in the 1983 film, Back to the Future, Collins says most cars are driving us backwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re taking the atmosphere to a chemical state that it has not been in for millions of years.” he says. “Currently, we have as much carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere as we did five million years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world 5 millions years ago was not “our” world. There were early ancestors of humans and the first tree sloths, but \u003ci>mammoths\u003c/i> had yet to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our steam engines, our factories, our cars, in the space of a little over 230 years since the start of industrialization, since the first steam engine,” notes Collins. “In 230 years they’ve taken us back five million years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Collins says we have about 25 years — roughly one generation — to reverse course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and Fung both have their glimmers of optimism that technology and the boom in solar, wind and other forms of clean energy could quickly reduce climate emissions. Fung points to the young college students passing by us on campus as her best hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I am optimistic about the young people. I’m optimistic that they are taking — they’re very proactive about the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fung and Collins agree that time is what’s running out.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "But scientists still insist that it's not too late to save ourselves from the most menacing impacts of global warming. What can another \"summit\" contribute?",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727135649,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/wJL49/6/"
],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 36,
"wordCount": 1287
},
"headData": {
"title": "Outlook Grim But Not Hopeless as Climate Summit Convenes in San Francisco | KQED",
"description": "But scientists still insist that it's not too late to save ourselves from the most menacing impacts of global warming. What can another "summit" contribute?",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Outlook Grim But Not Hopeless as Climate Summit Convenes in San Francisco",
"datePublished": "2018-09-10T00:01:13-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-23T16:54:09-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Climate",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2018/09/MillerStateofClimate.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 430,
"path": "/science/1930643/outlook-grim-but-not-hopeless-as-climate-summit-convenes-in-san-francisco",
"audioDuration": 452000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week corporate and civic leaders from around the world will gather in San Francisco for the \u003ca href=\"http://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort was spearheaded by Gov. Jerry Brown to move the fight against global warming beyond the national commitments made in Paris nearly three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Thirty years ago we predicted it in the models — and now I’m feeling it. I’m experiencing it.’\u003ccite>Inez Fung, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Look, it’s up to you and it’s up to me and tens of millions of other people to get it together to roll back the forces of carbonization,” says Brown in a promotional video for the summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is likely to be Brown’s last big climate event before he leaves office next year, and it comes at a time when many scientists agree that time is running out for a major counteroffensive against global warming, which Brown has repeatedly called an “existential threat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not prepared,” says Inez Fung, an atmospheric scientist at UC Berkeley, who can see the accelerated effects of a warming planet all around her, from raging wildfires in the western U.S. to death-dealing floods in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty years ago we predicted it in the models,” she says, “and now I’m feeling it. I’m experiencing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘None of the students in my classes have grown up in a normal climate. None of them.’\u003ccite>Bill Collins, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Across the U.S., the average temperature has risen almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit since the start of the 20th Century. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In California\u003c/a>, the heat has been turned up unevenly, with portions of the state warming over the same period by anywhere from one, to nearly three degrees. (The South Coast of California has experienced the biggest rise.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/wJL49/6/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because the global oven was first fired up with the burning of fossil fuels more than 200 years ago, scientists say a certain amount of future warming is already “baked in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We released enough carbon dioxide to continue warming the climate for several centuries to come,” observes Bill Collins, who directs climate and ecological science at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were to stop emissions entirely of all greenhouse gases right this minute,” he reckons, “we’d see roughly another half a degree centigrade … by the end of the 21st Century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s almost a full degree (Fahrenheit) already in the pipeline. So even if we shut down all emissions — which is not happening — we might still get to the 3.5 F threshold where scientists say the worst effects of climate change would kick in. (This is normally expressed by scientists as 2 degrees Celsius, which is the same as 3.5 F).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But Wait, There’s More!\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing years now that basically blow the roof off of records that have been maintained by the National Climate Data Service back to the late 19th century,” notes Collins — and then a remarkable thought occurs to him:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“None of the students in my classes have grown up in a normal climate,” he adds. “None of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about that. On the flipside, if you’re over, say 30 years old and can actually recall “normal,” well, that’s over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to say that all the projections that were made 30 years ago are still valid,” says Fung. “The only thing we had not anticipated … is that the CO2 increases much faster than we ever thought that it would.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the pledges made in Paris by nearly every nation in the world (the U.S. is alone among signatories in \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2018/06/01/one-year-since-trumps-withdrawal-from-the-paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">backing out\u003c/a> of the climate accord, under the Trump administration), emissions are still rising. And even those historic commitments — if they’re all kept — won’t be sufficient to turn things around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, we’re already beyond that,” says Fung. “The commitments, I think, are very good start, but they’re just not adequate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don’t Give Up the Ship\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this grim talk might lead one to ask what point there is in trying to reverse the climate train. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently refined climate models\u003c/a> suggest that aggressively cutting emissions could improve future life on Earth in significant ways — or at least blunt the impact of continued warming. It could, for example, reduce periods of extreme heat in Sacramento from two weeks a year to as little as two days. The Sierra snowpack might shrink by “just” 20 percent, rather than 75 percent. That’s the optimistic scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s climate summit will pull together mayors, state and provincial governors, scientists and corporate leaders to keep momentum going with \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“subnational” actions\u003c/a> to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. They’ll be joined by major players such as former Vice President Al Gore and former Secretary of State John Kerry, who signed the Paris accord on behalf of the U.S. with his tiny granddaughter perched on his lap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the themes attendees will discuss is, “key building blocks required to peak global emissions by 2020,” a goal that seems wildly optimistic given current trajectories and with most of 2018 already behind us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930832\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1704px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: traffic on I-80 near Crockett, CA\" width=\"1704\" height=\"2272\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009.jpg 1704w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/RS879_Download090427-009-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1704px) 100vw, 1704px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Transportation is the single largest source of climate emissions in California. After leveling off briefly, emissions from cars and trucks have been rising again. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“First thing we have to do as a global community is reverse course rather sharply,” says Collins. “We think it is technically feasible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically feasible, perhaps — but not easy. California, for instance, has the nation’s most aggressive efforts to cut greenhouse gases and overall, it’s working: total emissions are down 13 percent since 2004. And still, climate \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/pubs/reports/2000_2016/ghg_inventory_trends_00-16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">emissions from cars and trucks\u003c/a> have been on the rise in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our cars are literally our time machines,” says Collins.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike Doc Brown’s Delorean in the 1983 film, Back to the Future, Collins says most cars are driving us backwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re taking the atmosphere to a chemical state that it has not been in for millions of years.” he says. “Currently, we have as much carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere as we did five million years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world 5 millions years ago was not “our” world. There were early ancestors of humans and the first tree sloths, but \u003ci>mammoths\u003c/i> had yet to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our steam engines, our factories, our cars, in the space of a little over 230 years since the start of industrialization, since the first steam engine,” notes Collins. “In 230 years they’ve taken us back five million years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Collins says we have about 25 years — roughly one generation — to reverse course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and Fung both have their glimmers of optimism that technology and the boom in solar, wind and other forms of clean energy could quickly reduce climate emissions. Fung points to the young college students passing by us on campus as her best hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I am optimistic about the young people. I’m optimistic that they are taking — they’re very proactive about the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fung and Collins agree that time is what’s running out.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930643/outlook-grim-but-not-hopeless-as-climate-summit-convenes-in-san-francisco",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"programs": [
"science_5376"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_40",
"science_5141",
"science_3423"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3370",
"science_556",
"science_2164"
],
"featImg": "science_1930823",
"label": "source_science_1930643"
},
"science_1930718": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930718",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930718",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536325259000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536325259,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Your Guide to Public Events Around the Global Climate Action Summit",
"headTitle": "Your Guide to Public Events Around the Global Climate Action Summit | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Experts and luminaries from around the world will descend on San Francisco for the \u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>, September 12 to 14. And while the summit itself is open only to credentialed attendees, hundreds of events around the Bay Area will provide opportunities to explore the climate challenge and solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These side events include panels, art exhibits, film screenings — even cooking workshops, just to scratch the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a guide to just some of the week’s worth of scheduled activities, in chronological order, with links to more information about each event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132.jpeg 525w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.greenfilmfest.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Green Film Festival\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 6-14\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCastro Theater\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe eighth annual festival, which coincides with this year’s climate summit, will feature dozens of environmental films from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1930761\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1020x726.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1020x726.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--800x569.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--768x546.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1200x854.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1920x1366.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1180x840.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--960x683.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--240x171.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--375x267.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--520x370.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.greenglamworld.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Green Glam SF\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 7, 5:30–11:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco City Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Features some of the leaders behind the green economy: innovators, health practitioners and leaders in sustainability industries will gather to celebrate communities working for environmental preservation and the health of future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/events/events-listing/5-first-fridays/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Changing Climates\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 7, 6–10 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Chabot Science Center\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interactive exhibit that will explore the impact of climate change on Earth and the mysterious climates of other planets. Create clouds, learn about the greenhouse effect, and explore how cities are preparing for rising sea levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfarts.org/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Culture for Climate\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8-16\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A creative collaboration of 12 San Francisco arts and cultural organizations. Tour some of San Francisco’s most stunning architecture and get inspired by world-class art and cultural programming. Participating organizations include the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, Contemporary Jewish Museum, Museum of the African Diaspora, and the Children’s Creativity Museum. For more information on each organization’s programming, visit \u003ca href=\"https://sfarts.org/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sfarts.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://minnesotastreetproject.com/exhibitions/1275-minnesota-st/trace-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trace Evidence: A Cross-Cultural Dialogue on Climate Change\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8-29\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Minnesota Street Project\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a media exhibition and panel discussion with visual artists from China and the U.S. Panelists will explore environmental change in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ca.riseforclimate.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate March: Rise for Climate, Jobs, and Justice Mobilization\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8, 10 a.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Meet at Embarcadero Plaza\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of an \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/5AqlCKr6MvTgBPLIp2puT?domain=riseforclimate.org\">“international day of action,\u003c/a>” it’s being billed as the largest climate march ever on the West Coast. The San Francisco march starts at Embarcadero Plaza and will head southwest on Market Street and end at Civic Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://sec2sv.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Startup Europe Comes to Silicon Valley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 9 -15\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual event brings together founders, investors, and policy-makers from the European Union entrepreneurial ecosystem and Silicon Valley. A variety of topics will be covered including digital marketing, education, cyber security, and robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930778\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"828\" height=\"816\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week.png 828w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-160x158.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-800x788.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-768x757.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-240x237.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-375x370.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-520x512.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-96x96.png 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.zerofoodprint.org/diningweekreserve\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zero Foodprint Dining Week\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-16\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participating restaurants and food vendors in the Bay Area have pledged to go carbon-neutral for the week. They hope to raise awareness about how food choices relate to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930848 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"793\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-160x127.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-800x634.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-768x609.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-960x761.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-240x190.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-375x297.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-520x412.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/climatesummit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adaptation By Design | Resilient By Design Storefront and Exhibition\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-14\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Resilient by Design Storefront\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event will explore how communities can become more resilient to climate impacts. Local leaders, residents, and international experts in design, ecology, engineering and architecture will present community-based solutions . Participants will examine how communities grapple with planning for long-term impacts from sea level rise while balancing current challenges like transportation and housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/index.php?pg=1033247201\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gravity of Today: Visions of Tomorrow\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-15\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Public Library\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring an art exhibition that presents various possible outcomes of a world affected by climate change. The exhibit runs through October 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://groundswell.org/gcas2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sharing Power: Paving the Way Toward Inclusive Solar Access\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nMonday, September 10, 8:30 – 10:30 a.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Mitchell Park Community Center\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a breakfast discussion that will explore finance models for solar energy that can expand access for low and moderate-income communities. Topics will include specific case studies in both rural and urban settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Managing Lands in a Changing Climate\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>UC Davis\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day-long symposium will explore innovative strategies and actions that promote agricultural resilience, food security, and health in a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnps.org/event/urban-biodiverse-city-summit-at-the-global-climate-action-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BiodiverseCity\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/biodiversecity-summit-at-the-global-climate-action-summit-tickets-48901157679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Summit\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Sept. 10, 1 – 8 p.m\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\nExploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring various panels and talks on urban nature conservation best practices and the latest thinking from San Francisco and other cities showcasing the role of urban biodiversity for climate resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/300256513864829/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stories From the Frontlines: California Youth Climate Leaders\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10, 6 -9 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Venue to be determined\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth climate leaders from across California will share stories about resistance to pipelines, toxic power plants, water privatization and more. Also featuring a pop-up art gallery and theater show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.inyenyeri.com/global-climate-action-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cooking to Cool the Planet: An Evening of Flavors, Innovation, and Inspiration from Rwanda\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10, 6:30 – 8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Randall Museum\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a fuel stove system that delivers clean cooking. A staff from Rwanda will cook traditional foods on low-emission pellet stoves. Napa wines will be served. There will also be a screening of a film on the connections among deforestation, cooking, and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930842 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1020x496.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1020x496.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-160x78.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-800x389.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-768x373.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1200x584.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1180x574.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-960x467.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-240x117.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-375x182.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-520x253.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle.png 1386w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"\">\u003cspan class=\"\">\u003cspan class=\"\">\u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.org/events/experience-low-income-solar-policy-innovation-in-action/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Experience Low-Income Solar Policy Innovation in Action\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11, 9-3pm\u003cbr>\nRSVP: \u003ca href=\"mailto:gmcnamara@gridalternatives.org\">gmcnamara@gridalternatives.org\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/span>Elected officials, academics and NGO leaders will come together to showcase California’s efforts in making clean energy accessible to low-income communities.\u003cspan class=\"\">GRID Alternatives, a national leader in making solar technology more accessible, will be joined by leading energy expert Dr. Dan Kammen and California Senator Kevin de León to host a live solar installation event.\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cccsf.us/infinite-cycle/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Infinite Cycle: Art Intervention\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11-Oct. 21\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Chinese Cultural Center\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nAn exhibition that explores how arts organizations leverage civic awareness of environmental issues through art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cca.edu/calendar/2018/sarah-bird-vision-mapping-giants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sarah Bird: A Vision for Mapping Giants\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11-14\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>California College of the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artist Sarah Bird will present her photographic project to create a life-size portrait of a California coastal redwood tree. The project addresses the need to protect the climate and habitat of the trees by bearing witness to their magnificence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.csiro.us/en/News/The-future-of-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Future of Water and Networking Panel\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11, 7:30 -10 a.m.\u003cbr>\nTo RSVP: \u003ca href=\"mailto:Trista.Acevedo@csiro.au\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trista.Acevedo@csiro.au\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists from around the world are searching for solutions and disruptive technologies to manage water shortage, measure water quality and increase distribution inefficiencies. A unique opportunity to engage with experts for breakfast to discuss where the future of water is going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930843 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-240x120.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-375x188.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-520x260.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/womens-assembly-for-climate-justice-women-leading-solutions-on-the-frontlines-of-climate-change-tickets-46867064652\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Women’s Assembly for Climate Justice\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sept. 11, 1-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>The Green Room\u003ci>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003ci>*\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/WECAN.Intl/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>Or online via Facebook livestream\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring international advocates, policy-makers, and indigenous women leaders, the conference will focus on environmental injustice and explore root causes of the climate crisis. Participants will also present projects and strategies for shaping a healthy and equitable world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/innovation-and-climate-adaptation-in-San-Francisco-Bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Innovation and Climate Adaptation In San Francisco Bay\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 6 p.m.-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Exploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a panel of Bay Area experts, including museum educators, scientists, resilience designers, and policy leaders. Participants will share approaches to climate adaptation that help create a better future for the Bay and its communities. \u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theclimatemusicproject.org/play-for-the-planet-september-12th/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Play for the Planet\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, Noon\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Public Library (Fulton Street side)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interactive outdoor event with musical and spoken-word artists. Hosted by the ClimateMusic Project, a science and arts collaboration that uses music to teach people about climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Fzb7CJ6PLru6ZYpHV7P_R?domain=c40.org\">Cities4Climate: The Future Is Us\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 1–4:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco City Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A conference led by global mayors on the innovative work being done by cities to drive sustainable climate action and build more resilient communities. Mayors will share how local leadership can be highly effective in a partisan political landscape. Also participating will be business leaders, entrepreneurs and climate experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/bios-of-participants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Food, Fiber, and Fungi – the “Carbon Pioneers”\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 5:30-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An evening seminar with Bay Area groups working on economically viable climate innovations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark/september-13-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">After Dark: Climate Change\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 2018, 6 p.m.–10 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Exploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring interactive exhibits exploring perception, art, and science at our adults-only After Dark. Grab your friends and a drink and get immersed in mind-bending experiences and unique, thought-provoking programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ei.haas.berkeley.edu/events/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Building the Evidence Base for Accelerated Climate Action\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 2:30 -5:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Orange Silicon Valley\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosted by UC Berkeley and the Brookings Institution , the event features a distinguished panel of experts offering their perspectives on the scale and urgency of climate challenge. The event will be followed by a reception where summit delegates and other attendees can interact with members of the UC Berkeley and Brookings communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/how-front-line-communities-could-benefit-from-a-carbon-dividend-tickets-48991394580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Front Line Communities Could Benefit from a Carbon Dividend \u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 3 -5 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Google Community Space\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities on the front lines of certain industries are disproportionately affected by these sources of pollution. The panel will highlight the conditions currently faced by front line communities, as well as the positive economic benefits that might be generated by the adoption of a nationwide carbon fee and the distribution of a household carbon dividend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930847 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_.png 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-160x93.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-800x466.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-768x448.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-960x560.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-240x140.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-375x219.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-520x303.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.waterpavilion.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Water Pavilion\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13-14\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0in 0in 12.0pt 0in\">A two-day conference about water’s unique role both in climate impacts and climate solutions. Over 200 leaders from across the globe will present in-depth panels, cutting-edge technologies, and pop-up presentations. There will also be a presentation about a project for citizen scientists to crowdsource water quality data and show hot spots of concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_8\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/friday-workshops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get the Dirt on Dirt / Is Money Really Green? \u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 8:30 am – 11:45 am\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_8\">Featuring panel discussions on the next generation of climate solution designs including regenerative agriculture, healthy soil promotion, innovative urban infrastructure and marine permaculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/friday-afternoon-workshop\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"color_23\">Visionaries Reimagining Living Systems\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"color_23\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 1:15-5:00 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A creative workshop covering subjects rarely considered together: a systems view of life and its relationship to agriculture, economies and a sustainable future; challenges with human perceptions in the 21st Century; and conversations on carbon, environmental literacy, and advocacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-2009-epa-endangerment-finding-even-stronger-evidence-in-2018-tickets-48573416396\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 2009 EPA Endangerment Finding: Even Stronger Evidence in 2018\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 8:30 am-10:30 am\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Marriott Marquis\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a discussion among experts about the decision by the Environmental Protection Agency known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/endangerment-and-cause-or-contribute-findings-greenhouse-gases-under-section-202a-clean\">Endangerment Finding\u003c/a>. This finding provides foundational support for important aspects of U.S. climate policy. Recently, speculation that EPA may revisit the Endangerment Finding has been widespread. This event assembles a panel of scholars to review how the strength of the scientific evidence for endangerment has grown since 2009. Leading experts in the science of climate impacts will discuss how this new evidence lends increased support to the conclusion that these gases pose a danger to the public health and welfare. The program includes breakfast, brief presentations on key elements of the Endangerment Finding, and moderated discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bureauoflinguisticalreality.com/2018/09/06/come-make-a-word-sat-sept-15-sun-sept-16-at-ybca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Come Make a Word\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 15-16, 12pm-5pm\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Yerba Buena Center for the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come share your emotions and experiences related to climate change, brainstorm a new word and more. Hosted by the Bureau of Linguistical Reality, an art exhibit focused on creating new language as means of better understanding our rapidly changing world due to manmade climate change and other Anthropocenic events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"listing-hero-title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/water-fire-earth-air-mcevoy-foundation-for-the-arts-tickets-49446512851\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Water, Fire, Earth, Air\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 29, 3pm-6pm\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>McEvoy Foundation for the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a panel discussion with four artists who are translating climate change science into art. Participating artists include Rosten Woo, an LA based artist who will be sharing Mutual Air, a public sound sculpture launching next year; Don Hankins, a traditional fire practitioner who will be sharing traditional fire practices that can lead to a more resilient landscape; Eve Mosher will examine the critical relationship between waterways, climate change and urban areas; and Ranu Mukherjee will share three recent projects that weave together historical, cultural and ecological implications of migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2020,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 70
},
"modified": 1704927520,
"excerpt": "A guide to some of the events planned around San Francisco's Global Climate Action Summit. From art installations and cooking workshops to film screenings and fashion shows, there's something for everyone. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A guide to some of the events planned around San Francisco's Global Climate Action Summit. From art installations and cooking workshops to film screenings and fashion shows, there's something for everyone. ",
"title": "Your Guide to Public Events Around the Global Climate Action Summit | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Your Guide to Public Events Around the Global Climate Action Summit",
"datePublished": "2018-09-07T06:00:59-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:40-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "your-guide-to-public-events-around-the-global-climate-action-summit",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Events",
"path": "/science/1930718/your-guide-to-public-events-around-the-global-climate-action-summit",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Experts and luminaries from around the world will descend on San Francisco for the \u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a>, September 12 to 14. And while the summit itself is open only to credentialed attendees, hundreds of events around the Bay Area will provide opportunities to explore the climate challenge and solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These side events include panels, art exhibits, film screenings — even cooking workshops, just to scratch the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a guide to just some of the week’s worth of scheduled activities, in chronological order, with links to more information about each event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132.jpeg 525w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/pexels-photo-1117132-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.greenfilmfest.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Green Film Festival\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 6-14\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCastro Theater\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe eighth annual festival, which coincides with this year’s climate summit, will feature dozens of environmental films from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-1930761\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1020x726.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1020x726.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--800x569.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--768x546.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1200x854.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1920x1366.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--1180x840.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--960x683.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--240x171.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--375x267.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Green-Glam-GLOBAL-SUMMIT-CALENDAR--520x370.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.greenglamworld.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Green Glam SF\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 7, 5:30–11:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco City Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Features some of the leaders behind the green economy: innovators, health practitioners and leaders in sustainability industries will gather to celebrate communities working for environmental preservation and the health of future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/events/events-listing/5-first-fridays/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Changing Climates\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 7, 6–10 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Chabot Science Center\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interactive exhibit that will explore the impact of climate change on Earth and the mysterious climates of other planets. Create clouds, learn about the greenhouse effect, and explore how cities are preparing for rising sea levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfarts.org/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Culture for Climate\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8-16\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A creative collaboration of 12 San Francisco arts and cultural organizations. Tour some of San Francisco’s most stunning architecture and get inspired by world-class art and cultural programming. Participating organizations include the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, Contemporary Jewish Museum, Museum of the African Diaspora, and the Children’s Creativity Museum. For more information on each organization’s programming, visit \u003ca href=\"https://sfarts.org/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sfarts.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://minnesotastreetproject.com/exhibitions/1275-minnesota-st/trace-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trace Evidence: A Cross-Cultural Dialogue on Climate Change\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8-29\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Minnesota Street Project\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a media exhibition and panel discussion with visual artists from China and the U.S. Panelists will explore environmental change in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ca.riseforclimate.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate March: Rise for Climate, Jobs, and Justice Mobilization\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 8, 10 a.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Meet at Embarcadero Plaza\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of an \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/5AqlCKr6MvTgBPLIp2puT?domain=riseforclimate.org\">“international day of action,\u003c/a>” it’s being billed as the largest climate march ever on the West Coast. The San Francisco march starts at Embarcadero Plaza and will head southwest on Market Street and end at Civic Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://sec2sv.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Startup Europe Comes to Silicon Valley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 9 -15\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual event brings together founders, investors, and policy-makers from the European Union entrepreneurial ecosystem and Silicon Valley. A variety of topics will be covered including digital marketing, education, cyber security, and robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930778\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"828\" height=\"816\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week.png 828w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-160x158.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-800x788.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-768x757.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-240x237.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-375x370.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-520x512.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ZFP-dining-week-96x96.png 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.zerofoodprint.org/diningweekreserve\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zero Foodprint Dining Week\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-16\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Multiple locations\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participating restaurants and food vendors in the Bay Area have pledged to go carbon-neutral for the week. They hope to raise awareness about how food choices relate to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930848 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"793\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-160x127.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-800x634.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-768x609.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-960x761.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-240x190.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-375x297.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ClimateSummit4-520x412.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/climatesummit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adaptation By Design | Resilient By Design Storefront and Exhibition\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-14\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Resilient by Design Storefront\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event will explore how communities can become more resilient to climate impacts. Local leaders, residents, and international experts in design, ecology, engineering and architecture will present community-based solutions . Participants will examine how communities grapple with planning for long-term impacts from sea level rise while balancing current challenges like transportation and housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/index.php?pg=1033247201\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gravity of Today: Visions of Tomorrow\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10-15\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Public Library\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring an art exhibition that presents various possible outcomes of a world affected by climate change. The exhibit runs through October 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://groundswell.org/gcas2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sharing Power: Paving the Way Toward Inclusive Solar Access\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nMonday, September 10, 8:30 – 10:30 a.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Mitchell Park Community Center\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a breakfast discussion that will explore finance models for solar energy that can expand access for low and moderate-income communities. Topics will include specific case studies in both rural and urban settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Managing Lands in a Changing Climate\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>UC Davis\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day-long symposium will explore innovative strategies and actions that promote agricultural resilience, food security, and health in a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnps.org/event/urban-biodiverse-city-summit-at-the-global-climate-action-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BiodiverseCity\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/biodiversecity-summit-at-the-global-climate-action-summit-tickets-48901157679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Summit\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Sept. 10, 1 – 8 p.m\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\nExploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring various panels and talks on urban nature conservation best practices and the latest thinking from San Francisco and other cities showcasing the role of urban biodiversity for climate resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/300256513864829/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stories From the Frontlines: California Youth Climate Leaders\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10, 6 -9 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Venue to be determined\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth climate leaders from across California will share stories about resistance to pipelines, toxic power plants, water privatization and more. Also featuring a pop-up art gallery and theater show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.inyenyeri.com/global-climate-action-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cooking to Cool the Planet: An Evening of Flavors, Innovation, and Inspiration from Rwanda\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 10, 6:30 – 8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Randall Museum\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a fuel stove system that delivers clean cooking. A staff from Rwanda will cook traditional foods on low-emission pellet stoves. Napa wines will be served. There will also be a screening of a film on the connections among deforestation, cooking, and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930842 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1020x496.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1020x496.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-160x78.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-800x389.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-768x373.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1200x584.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-1180x574.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-960x467.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-240x117.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-375x182.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle-520x253.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/Infinite-Cycle.png 1386w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"\">\u003cspan class=\"\">\u003cspan class=\"\">\u003ca href=\"https://globalclimateactionsummit.org/events/experience-low-income-solar-policy-innovation-in-action/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Experience Low-Income Solar Policy Innovation in Action\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11, 9-3pm\u003cbr>\nRSVP: \u003ca href=\"mailto:gmcnamara@gridalternatives.org\">gmcnamara@gridalternatives.org\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/span>Elected officials, academics and NGO leaders will come together to showcase California’s efforts in making clean energy accessible to low-income communities.\u003cspan class=\"\">GRID Alternatives, a national leader in making solar technology more accessible, will be joined by leading energy expert Dr. Dan Kammen and California Senator Kevin de León to host a live solar installation event.\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cccsf.us/infinite-cycle/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Infinite Cycle: Art Intervention\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11-Oct. 21\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Chinese Cultural Center\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nAn exhibition that explores how arts organizations leverage civic awareness of environmental issues through art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cca.edu/calendar/2018/sarah-bird-vision-mapping-giants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sarah Bird: A Vision for Mapping Giants\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11-14\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>California College of the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artist Sarah Bird will present her photographic project to create a life-size portrait of a California coastal redwood tree. The project addresses the need to protect the climate and habitat of the trees by bearing witness to their magnificence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.csiro.us/en/News/The-future-of-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Future of Water and Networking Panel\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 11, 7:30 -10 a.m.\u003cbr>\nTo RSVP: \u003ca href=\"mailto:Trista.Acevedo@csiro.au\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trista.Acevedo@csiro.au\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists from around the world are searching for solutions and disruptive technologies to manage water shortage, measure water quality and increase distribution inefficiencies. A unique opportunity to engage with experts for breakfast to discuss where the future of water is going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930843 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-240x120.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-375x188.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/https_2F2Fcdn.evbuc_.com2Fimages2F458585192F1919621462642F12Foriginal-520x260.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/womens-assembly-for-climate-justice-women-leading-solutions-on-the-frontlines-of-climate-change-tickets-46867064652\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Women’s Assembly for Climate Justice\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sept. 11, 1-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>The Green Room\u003ci>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003ci>*\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/WECAN.Intl/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>Or online via Facebook livestream\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring international advocates, policy-makers, and indigenous women leaders, the conference will focus on environmental injustice and explore root causes of the climate crisis. Participants will also present projects and strategies for shaping a healthy and equitable world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/innovation-and-climate-adaptation-in-San-Francisco-Bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Innovation and Climate Adaptation In San Francisco Bay\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 6 p.m.-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Exploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a panel of Bay Area experts, including museum educators, scientists, resilience designers, and policy leaders. Participants will share approaches to climate adaptation that help create a better future for the Bay and its communities. \u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theclimatemusicproject.org/play-for-the-planet-september-12th/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Play for the Planet\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, Noon\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Public Library (Fulton Street side)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interactive outdoor event with musical and spoken-word artists. Hosted by the ClimateMusic Project, a science and arts collaboration that uses music to teach people about climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/Fzb7CJ6PLru6ZYpHV7P_R?domain=c40.org\">Cities4Climate: The Future Is Us\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 1–4:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco City Hall\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A conference led by global mayors on the innovative work being done by cities to drive sustainable climate action and build more resilient communities. Mayors will share how local leadership can be highly effective in a partisan political landscape. Also participating will be business leaders, entrepreneurs and climate experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/bios-of-participants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Food, Fiber, and Fungi – the “Carbon Pioneers”\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 12, 5:30-8:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An evening seminar with Bay Area groups working on economically viable climate innovations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark/september-13-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">After Dark: Climate Change\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 2018, 6 p.m.–10 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Exploratorium\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring interactive exhibits exploring perception, art, and science at our adults-only After Dark. Grab your friends and a drink and get immersed in mind-bending experiences and unique, thought-provoking programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ei.haas.berkeley.edu/events/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Building the Evidence Base for Accelerated Climate Action\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 2:30 -5:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Orange Silicon Valley\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosted by UC Berkeley and the Brookings Institution , the event features a distinguished panel of experts offering their perspectives on the scale and urgency of climate challenge. The event will be followed by a reception where summit delegates and other attendees can interact with members of the UC Berkeley and Brookings communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/how-front-line-communities-could-benefit-from-a-carbon-dividend-tickets-48991394580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Front Line Communities Could Benefit from a Carbon Dividend \u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13, 3 -5 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Google Community Space\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Communities on the front lines of certain industries are disproportionately affected by these sources of pollution. The panel will highlight the conditions currently faced by front line communities, as well as the positive economic benefits that might be generated by the adoption of a nationwide carbon fee and the distribution of a household carbon dividend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930847 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_.png 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-160x93.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-800x466.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-768x448.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-960x560.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-240x140.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-375x219.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/SanFranciscoSeptember13-14_Bringingtogetherleadersonwaterandclimateissuestosharesuccessesandexplorenewsolutions_-520x303.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.waterpavilion.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Water Pavilion\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 13-14\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0in 0in 12.0pt 0in\">A two-day conference about water’s unique role both in climate impacts and climate solutions. Over 200 leaders from across the globe will present in-depth panels, cutting-edge technologies, and pop-up presentations. There will also be a presentation about a project for citizen scientists to crowdsource water quality data and show hot spots of concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_8\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/friday-workshops\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get the Dirt on Dirt / Is Money Really Green? \u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 8:30 am – 11:45 am\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_8\">Featuring panel discussions on the next generation of climate solution designs including regenerative agriculture, healthy soil promotion, innovative urban infrastructure and marine permaculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatesolutionsgroup.org/friday-afternoon-workshop\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"color_23\">Visionaries Reimagining Living Systems\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"color_23\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 1:15-5:00 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The Presidio Officers Club\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A creative workshop covering subjects rarely considered together: a systems view of life and its relationship to agriculture, economies and a sustainable future; challenges with human perceptions in the 21st Century; and conversations on carbon, environmental literacy, and advocacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-2009-epa-endangerment-finding-even-stronger-evidence-in-2018-tickets-48573416396\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 2009 EPA Endangerment Finding: Even Stronger Evidence in 2018\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 14, 8:30 am-10:30 am\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco Marriott Marquis\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a discussion among experts about the decision by the Environmental Protection Agency known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/endangerment-and-cause-or-contribute-findings-greenhouse-gases-under-section-202a-clean\">Endangerment Finding\u003c/a>. This finding provides foundational support for important aspects of U.S. climate policy. Recently, speculation that EPA may revisit the Endangerment Finding has been widespread. This event assembles a panel of scholars to review how the strength of the scientific evidence for endangerment has grown since 2009. Leading experts in the science of climate impacts will discuss how this new evidence lends increased support to the conclusion that these gases pose a danger to the public health and welfare. The program includes breakfast, brief presentations on key elements of the Endangerment Finding, and moderated discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bureauoflinguisticalreality.com/2018/09/06/come-make-a-word-sat-sept-15-sun-sept-16-at-ybca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Come Make a Word\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 15-16, 12pm-5pm\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Yerba Buena Center for the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come share your emotions and experiences related to climate change, brainstorm a new word and more. Hosted by the Bureau of Linguistical Reality, an art exhibit focused on creating new language as means of better understanding our rapidly changing world due to manmade climate change and other Anthropocenic events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"listing-hero-title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/water-fire-earth-air-mcevoy-foundation-for-the-arts-tickets-49446512851\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Water, Fire, Earth, Air\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nSept. 29, 3pm-6pm\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>McEvoy Foundation for the Arts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a panel discussion with four artists who are translating climate change science into art. Participating artists include Rosten Woo, an LA based artist who will be sharing Mutual Air, a public sound sculpture launching next year; Don Hankins, a traditional fire practitioner who will be sharing traditional fire practices that can lead to a more resilient landscape; Eve Mosher will examine the critical relationship between waterways, climate change and urban areas; and Ranu Mukherjee will share three recent projects that weave together historical, cultural and ecological implications of migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930718/your-guide-to-public-events-around-the-global-climate-action-summit",
"authors": [
"11428"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_37",
"science_36",
"science_39",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_192",
"science_855",
"science_3370",
"science_3761"
],
"featImg": "science_1931126",
"label": "source_science_1930718"
},
"science_1930637": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930637",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930637",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536274857000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536274857,
"format": "standard",
"title": "PG&E Plan to Clear Hundreds of Trees for Pipeline Project Sparks Controversy",
"headTitle": "PG&E Plan to Clear Hundreds of Trees for Pipeline Project Sparks Controversy | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">A Sept. 10 special meeting organized by the Lafayette City council that would discuss a controversial plan by PG&E to uproot hundreds of trees, has drawn ire from residents who want the trees to remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pending tree removal is part of the utility company’s Community Pipeline Safety Initiative, a statewide effort aimed at\u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/safety/gas-safety/safety-initiatives/emergency-access.page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> improving\u003c/a> public safety by clearing structures that could stand in the way of first responders attempting to access gas transmission lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tree roots also corrode the underground pipelines, which can lead to hazardous leaks, according to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trees that are scheduled for removal include 207 on public property and 245 in Briones Regional Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the plan\u003cspan class=\"color_11\"> say that removing hundreds of trees threatens local wildlife and significantly impairs the character of the neighborhood. They say the city should have conducted an environmental assessment before authorizing the plan in 2017. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Dawson, co-founder of grassroots group Save Lafayette Trees, says concerned residents want an open dialogue. He describes the September 10 meeting as “unbalanced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E is given an unrestricted time to present, and then residents are restricted to 3-minute comments before PG&E delivers its final rebuttal,” says Dawson. “We’re not sure what this will achieve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, the group wants PG&E to release the tree clearing agreement it drafted with the city in 2017. They also want the city to appoint a citizen advisory committee to address safety needs in Lafayette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"wixGuard\">“We simply want to sit down with PG&E and talk about the safety needs in our community without the distraction of the tree cutting,” says Dawson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has already cleared trees in more than 26 communities throughout Contra Costa county. Lafayette is the last city in the county to carry out the tree removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E spokesman Jeff Smith says the company continues to work with the city “to determine the timing for this important gas safety work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week’s meeting will include representatives from PG&E, the California Public Utilities Commission, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.savelafayettetrees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Save Lafayette Trees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Red Herring’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the city authorized PG&E’s plan last year, 300 residents signed a petition opposing the tree removal, according to Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The petition led to the formation of Save Lafayette Trees, which sued the city for approving the plan. The lawsuit, pending on appeal, accuses the city of not evaluating the environmental impacts of clearing hundreds of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t do the required environmental analysis and they failed to give us notification before they approved the plan,” says Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson accuses PG&E of engaging in divide and conquer tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They make individual agreements with local counties in a very non-transparent process,” he says. “We can’t even get them to give us a full number on how many trees they’ve cut so far. They also won’t provide us with a list of the trees they want to cut down in Briones Park.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PG&E spokesperson Smith says since 2017, the company has conducted a variety of outreach efforts “to share information, answer questions and receive feedback from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes informational booths, door-to-door outreach, and an open house where residents engaged directly with PG&E experts, according to Smith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through these efforts, we interacted with over 200 local residents and provided hundreds of written responses,” he says. “We want our customers to be fully informed about our safety work, and we appreciate the opportunity to address questions and concerns at the September 10 meeting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930671\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930671\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An exposed pipeline, which some residents say is a much bigger safety risk than the trees. According to Save Lafayette Trees co-founder Michael Dawson, PG&E still hasn’t covered up the exposed pipeline even though it was reported to the company 10 years ago. \u003ccite>(Save Lafayette Trees)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">A Lack of Data\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pipeline Safety Initiative was launched following the 2010 PG&E pipeline explosion in San Bruno, which killed eight people. PG&E was hit with $1.6 billion in fines and criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the incident, PG&E undertook a $3-billion statewide upgrade to its 6,750-mile gas pipeline system. Part of that money went toward gas transmission safety improvements, which led to the Pipeline Safety Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program targets trees and structures that are located near PG&E’S pipeline system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of cities and counties \u003ca href=\"http://goodtimes.sc/santa-cruz-news/tree-removal-pge-ocean-street-extension/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have mounted\u003c/a> serious challenges to the utility giant’s tree cutting plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">In Lafayette, Dawson’s group maintains that tree-clearing is not a top public safety concern.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">“The justifications offered by the company are demonstrably false,” says Dawson. \u003c/span>“I think they are quick to use the label of ‘public safety’ to quell any unhappiness by locals. But the plan is a waste of resources and it distracts from actual safety concerns with these pipelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson says \u003cspan class=\"wixGuard\">no strong data exists to support the idea that cutting trees increases public safety. There has been no\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\"> underground pipeline accident caused by trees anywhere in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/de4240_3a2200235ff24b5f91384d1ecde9c412.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in the last 20 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also points to a 2014 study commissioned by PG&E that found no correlation \u003ca href=\"https://www.water.ca.gov/LegacyFiles/regulations/docs/082614/PGE_TreeRootStudyReport.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">between live tree growths and corrosion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, an unnamed federal official that Dawson’s group reached out to debunked a claim made by PG&E president Nick Stravropoulos during the company’s annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFiIDWJVslI&t=9s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shareholder’s meeting in May.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stravropoulos had said that the Department of Transportation had identified tree clearing as the “number one safety issue” for transmission pipelines surrounded by “incompatible vegetation and structures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a DOT official, whose name has been withheld by Dawson’s group, refuted this claim in an email shown to KQED: “I do not know of anyone in the DOT who agrees with Nick’s statement … This does not accurately describe the number one safety issue for U.S. gas transmission pipelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official went on to cite “equipment failure” as a top concern for the DOT’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson’s group says the company’s real motives for prioritizing tree clearing is to make it easier to survey their pipeline system via helicopter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">“It’s apparent that PG&E wants trees removed for the convenience of aerial surveying,” says the group’s website. “This is NOT sufficient rationale for why a large project with a devastating impact should be imposed upon a community without public input.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, PG&E\u003ca href=\"http://www.lovelafayette.org/home/showdocument?id=5475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> issued a lengthy response to\u003c/a> questions that residents had submitted to the city. But Dawson says unanswered questions remain regarding PG&E’s safety priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are huge gaps in safety that aren’t being addressed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">Those safety needs, according to Dawson, include pipeline inspections, additional shut-off valves, and replacing aging pipeline infrastructure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more valves installed and aging pipelines need to be pressure tested,” says Dawson. “Firefighters we’ve spoken to say they’re more concerned with entering an area with the gas shut off, which requires functioning valves, not tree clearing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Heyman, a spokesperson for the city of Lafayette, sees next week’s meeting differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of safety issues on the table for this meeting,” says Heyman. “We’re facilitating this meeting to allow residents to ask questions and receive answers from PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He accuses Dawson’s group of being singularly focused on the tree clearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not true that the meeting will only consist of PG&E doing a presentation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The September 10 meeting is scheduled for 4-7pm at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lllcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lafayette Library and Learning Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This story has been updated to include comments from PG&E. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1424,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 43
},
"modified": 1704927522,
"excerpt": "Critics say that an upcoming meeting organized by the Lafayette City Council to discuss a controversial plan to uproot hundreds of trees is nothing more than a platform for PG&E to push forward its agenda.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Critics say that an upcoming meeting organized by the Lafayette City Council to discuss a controversial plan to uproot hundreds of trees is nothing more than a platform for PG&E to push forward its agenda.",
"title": "PG&E Plan to Clear Hundreds of Trees for Pipeline Project Sparks Controversy | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "PG&E Plan to Clear Hundreds of Trees for Pipeline Project Sparks Controversy",
"datePublished": "2018-09-06T16:00:57-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:42-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "pge-plan-to-clear-hundreds-of-trees-for-pipeline-project-sparks-controversy",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Environment",
"path": "/science/1930637/pge-plan-to-clear-hundreds-of-trees-for-pipeline-project-sparks-controversy",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">A Sept. 10 special meeting organized by the Lafayette City council that would discuss a controversial plan by PG&E to uproot hundreds of trees, has drawn ire from residents who want the trees to remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pending tree removal is part of the utility company’s Community Pipeline Safety Initiative, a statewide effort aimed at\u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/safety/gas-safety/safety-initiatives/emergency-access.page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> improving\u003c/a> public safety by clearing structures that could stand in the way of first responders attempting to access gas transmission lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tree roots also corrode the underground pipelines, which can lead to hazardous leaks, according to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trees that are scheduled for removal include 207 on public property and 245 in Briones Regional Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the plan\u003cspan class=\"color_11\"> say that removing hundreds of trees threatens local wildlife and significantly impairs the character of the neighborhood. They say the city should have conducted an environmental assessment before authorizing the plan in 2017. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Dawson, co-founder of grassroots group Save Lafayette Trees, says concerned residents want an open dialogue. He describes the September 10 meeting as “unbalanced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E is given an unrestricted time to present, and then residents are restricted to 3-minute comments before PG&E delivers its final rebuttal,” says Dawson. “We’re not sure what this will achieve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, the group wants PG&E to release the tree clearing agreement it drafted with the city in 2017. They also want the city to appoint a citizen advisory committee to address safety needs in Lafayette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"wixGuard\">“We simply want to sit down with PG&E and talk about the safety needs in our community without the distraction of the tree cutting,” says Dawson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has already cleared trees in more than 26 communities throughout Contra Costa county. Lafayette is the last city in the county to carry out the tree removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E spokesman Jeff Smith says the company continues to work with the city “to determine the timing for this important gas safety work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week’s meeting will include representatives from PG&E, the California Public Utilities Commission, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.savelafayettetrees.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Save Lafayette Trees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Red Herring’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the city authorized PG&E’s plan last year, 300 residents signed a petition opposing the tree removal, according to Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The petition led to the formation of Save Lafayette Trees, which sued the city for approving the plan. The lawsuit, pending on appeal, accuses the city of not evaluating the environmental impacts of clearing hundreds of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t do the required environmental analysis and they failed to give us notification before they approved the plan,” says Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson accuses PG&E of engaging in divide and conquer tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They make individual agreements with local counties in a very non-transparent process,” he says. “We can’t even get them to give us a full number on how many trees they’ve cut so far. They also won’t provide us with a list of the trees they want to cut down in Briones Park.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PG&E spokesperson Smith says since 2017, the company has conducted a variety of outreach efforts “to share information, answer questions and receive feedback from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes informational booths, door-to-door outreach, and an open house where residents engaged directly with PG&E experts, according to Smith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through these efforts, we interacted with over 200 local residents and provided hundreds of written responses,” he says. “We want our customers to be fully informed about our safety work, and we appreciate the opportunity to address questions and concerns at the September 10 meeting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1930671\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1930671\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_7218.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An exposed pipeline, which some residents say is a much bigger safety risk than the trees. According to Save Lafayette Trees co-founder Michael Dawson, PG&E still hasn’t covered up the exposed pipeline even though it was reported to the company 10 years ago. \u003ccite>(Save Lafayette Trees)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cstrong>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">A Lack of Data\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pipeline Safety Initiative was launched following the 2010 PG&E pipeline explosion in San Bruno, which killed eight people. PG&E was hit with $1.6 billion in fines and criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the incident, PG&E undertook a $3-billion statewide upgrade to its 6,750-mile gas pipeline system. Part of that money went toward gas transmission safety improvements, which led to the Pipeline Safety Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program targets trees and structures that are located near PG&E’S pipeline system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of cities and counties \u003ca href=\"http://goodtimes.sc/santa-cruz-news/tree-removal-pge-ocean-street-extension/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have mounted\u003c/a> serious challenges to the utility giant’s tree cutting plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">In Lafayette, Dawson’s group maintains that tree-clearing is not a top public safety concern.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">“The justifications offered by the company are demonstrably false,” says Dawson. \u003c/span>“I think they are quick to use the label of ‘public safety’ to quell any unhappiness by locals. But the plan is a waste of resources and it distracts from actual safety concerns with these pipelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson says \u003cspan class=\"wixGuard\">no strong data exists to support the idea that cutting trees increases public safety. There has been no\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\"> underground pipeline accident caused by trees anywhere in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/de4240_3a2200235ff24b5f91384d1ecde9c412.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in the last 20 years\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also points to a 2014 study commissioned by PG&E that found no correlation \u003ca href=\"https://www.water.ca.gov/LegacyFiles/regulations/docs/082614/PGE_TreeRootStudyReport.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">between live tree growths and corrosion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, an unnamed federal official that Dawson’s group reached out to debunked a claim made by PG&E president Nick Stravropoulos during the company’s annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFiIDWJVslI&t=9s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shareholder’s meeting in May.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stravropoulos had said that the Department of Transportation had identified tree clearing as the “number one safety issue” for transmission pipelines surrounded by “incompatible vegetation and structures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a DOT official, whose name has been withheld by Dawson’s group, refuted this claim in an email shown to KQED: “I do not know of anyone in the DOT who agrees with Nick’s statement … This does not accurately describe the number one safety issue for U.S. gas transmission pipelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official went on to cite “equipment failure” as a top concern for the DOT’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson’s group says the company’s real motives for prioritizing tree clearing is to make it easier to survey their pipeline system via helicopter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"font_9\">\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">“It’s apparent that PG&E wants trees removed for the convenience of aerial surveying,” says the group’s website. “This is NOT sufficient rationale for why a large project with a devastating impact should be imposed upon a community without public input.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, PG&E\u003ca href=\"http://www.lovelafayette.org/home/showdocument?id=5475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> issued a lengthy response to\u003c/a> questions that residents had submitted to the city. But Dawson says unanswered questions remain regarding PG&E’s safety priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are huge gaps in safety that aren’t being addressed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"color_11\">Those safety needs, according to Dawson, include pipeline inspections, additional shut-off valves, and replacing aging pipeline infrastructure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more valves installed and aging pipelines need to be pressure tested,” says Dawson. “Firefighters we’ve spoken to say they’re more concerned with entering an area with the gas shut off, which requires functioning valves, not tree clearing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Heyman, a spokesperson for the city of Lafayette, sees next week’s meeting differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of safety issues on the table for this meeting,” says Heyman. “We’re facilitating this meeting to allow residents to ask questions and receive answers from PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He accuses Dawson’s group of being singularly focused on the tree clearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not true that the meeting will only consist of PG&E doing a presentation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The September 10 meeting is scheduled for 4-7pm at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lllcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lafayette Library and Learning Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This story has been updated to include comments from PG&E. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930637/pge-plan-to-clear-hundreds-of-trees-for-pipeline-project-sparks-controversy",
"authors": [
"11428"
],
"categories": [
"science_35",
"science_37",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3370",
"science_1041",
"science_136",
"science_787"
],
"featImg": "science_1930672",
"label": "source_science_1930637"
},
"science_1930749": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930749",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930749",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536249603000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536249603,
"format": "aside",
"title": "Fire & Drought – What Happens When the Extremes Become Routine?",
"headTitle": "Fire & Drought – What Happens When the Extremes Become Routine? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/493341765″ params=”color=#ff5500&auto_play=true&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true&visual=true” width=”100%” height=”300″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this month’s episode of Deeply Talks, Water Deeply managing editor Matt Weiser discussed the American West’s dual challenges of water scarcity and wildfires with Crystal Kolden, associate professor of forest, rangeland and fire sciences in the College of Natural Resources at the University of Idaho, and Van Butsic, assistant cooperative extension specialist at the University of California, Berkeley.[contextly_sidebar id=”R19g0r3w6Y4guMyUxHierEeT3WsqiEuG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire affects the watersheds that in turn supply municipal drinking water, fulfill agricultural needs and support critical species across the West. That’s why the management of both forest and water resources is so closely intertwined – and why this issue has become more pressing. The West, Kolden explained, is seeing more fires across larger areas, and even changes to how these fires burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the water utilities in California now have extensive programs that address fire prevention and suppression and also forest management to alter the behavior of fires in their watersheds,” Kolden said. Outside of California, however, the level of preparedness varies, depending on how often the municipalities have seen the effect of wildfire on their watersheds firsthand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But more and more areas that haven’t had to deal with wildfires are recognizing that with climate change, they will start to. “They’re very much understanding that this is something they’ll have to tackle if they aren’t already,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescribed burns and forest thinning are recognized as ways to control wildfires, said Butsic, but it’s something that’s easier said than done, particularly because of regulations that restrict forest management. While many of these rules have benefits – for example, preventing exposure to smoke inhalation and protecting endangered species – he maintains that they are still shortsighted. In a recent study, his team proposed some changes to help take these long-term costs into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Forest management is really about trade-offs,” Butsic said. “You’re either going to do the work now and get the benefits later, or you’re going to put off doing the work now and then you’re going to get the pain later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/09/05/deeply-talks-fire-drought-the-extremes-become-routine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 452,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 10
},
"modified": 1704927526,
"excerpt": "The West has entered an era of permanent water scarcity and is facing more frequent, larger wildfires. Listen to two experts explain how these challenges – and our approaches to managing them – are intertwined.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The West has entered an era of permanent water scarcity and is facing more frequent, larger wildfires. Listen to two experts explain how these challenges – and our approaches to managing them – are intertwined.",
"title": "Fire & Drought – What Happens When the Extremes Become Routine? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Fire & Drought – What Happens When the Extremes Become Routine?",
"datePublished": "2018-09-06T09:00:03-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:46-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "fire-drought-what-happens-when-the-extremes-become-routine",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Lindsay Abrams\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate Change",
"path": "/science/1930749/fire-drought-what-happens-when-the-extremes-become-routine",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”300″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/493341765″&visual=true&”color=#ff5500&auto_play=true&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true&visual=true”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/493341765″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this month’s episode of Deeply Talks, Water Deeply managing editor Matt Weiser discussed the American West’s dual challenges of water scarcity and wildfires with Crystal Kolden, associate professor of forest, rangeland and fire sciences in the College of Natural Resources at the University of Idaho, and Van Butsic, assistant cooperative extension specialist at the University of California, Berkeley.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire affects the watersheds that in turn supply municipal drinking water, fulfill agricultural needs and support critical species across the West. That’s why the management of both forest and water resources is so closely intertwined – and why this issue has become more pressing. The West, Kolden explained, is seeing more fires across larger areas, and even changes to how these fires burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the water utilities in California now have extensive programs that address fire prevention and suppression and also forest management to alter the behavior of fires in their watersheds,” Kolden said. Outside of California, however, the level of preparedness varies, depending on how often the municipalities have seen the effect of wildfire on their watersheds firsthand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But more and more areas that haven’t had to deal with wildfires are recognizing that with climate change, they will start to. “They’re very much understanding that this is something they’ll have to tackle if they aren’t already,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescribed burns and forest thinning are recognized as ways to control wildfires, said Butsic, but it’s something that’s easier said than done, particularly because of regulations that restrict forest management. While many of these rules have benefits – for example, preventing exposure to smoke inhalation and protecting endangered species – he maintains that they are still shortsighted. In a recent study, his team proposed some changes to help take these long-term costs into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Forest management is really about trade-offs,” Butsic said. “You’re either going to do the work now and get the benefits later, or you’re going to put off doing the work now and then you’re going to get the pain later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/09/05/deeply-talks-fire-drought-the-extremes-become-routine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930749/fire-drought-what-happens-when-the-extremes-become-routine",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1930749"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_98",
"science_3730"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_572",
"science_201",
"science_113"
],
"featImg": "science_1930751",
"label": "source_science_1930749"
},
"science_1930681": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930681",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930681",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536170513000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536170513,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Underwater Microphones Help Scientists Spy On Reef Life",
"headTitle": "Underwater Microphones Help Scientists Spy On Reef Life | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A North Carolina State University researcher is using underwater microphones to help better understand the extensive array of animals living in the state’s oyster reefs.[contextly_sidebar id=”ZC45omcCigt2eDTslGOhMKPIoIMIR0rf”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1600s, oysters reefs were so robust in U.S. waterways that they created a hazard for ships. But centuries of harvesting the delicious bivalve have decimated these reefs, which serve as breeding grounds for future oysters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why nearly every U.S. state with a coastline has a program to rebuild oyster reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality’s division of marine fisheries uses barges to haul massive piles of spent oyster shells and other hard materials, like granite marl and concrete, to reef sites in Pamlico Sound. They then use large water cannons to blow it all off the deck and into the shallow, sandy waters. The shells and other materials provide habitat for oyster larvae to attach to, so they can grow and be harvested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fisheries division knows the reef program is good for the state’s $2.4 million oyster industry. But it’s still unclear what the larger impact of these reefs are in terms of increasing biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s what we call data gaps,” says Jason Peters, supervisor for the state’s oyster sanctuary program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Carolina State University Ph.D. student Olivia Caretti is hoping to fill in some of those gaps by using a relatively new method for monitoring aquatic life with underwater microphones, known as hydrophones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a little compact torpedo-looking thing about the size of your hand,” Caretti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is using these hydrophones to document which animals, other than oysters, use these reefs. And what she’s found so far has been enlightening.[contextly_sidebar id=”yDkwligKl4dNhznN1HUpv9fzSZtLvIhW”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An unstructured muddy bottom in Pamlico Sound, with no oyster reef, is mostly low frequency audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only sounds you hear are either water movements or low frequency fish calls,” Caretti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Life on an oyster reef sounds a lot different. It has plenty of low-frequency fish calls, but also a lot of high-frequency invertebrate activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can hear some grunts and knocking sounds. Those are certain types of fish,” Caretti says. “You can also hear a lot of snaps from the snapping shrimp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti has been recording for two years and has more audio than she could ever listen to. She does most of her analysis by using spectrograms, which are visual representations of the audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The spectrograms are helpful,” Caretti says, “because a lot of frequencies we record are inaudible to the human ear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti also uses traditional methods for monitoring oyster reefs, like trapping fish. But these techniques can be invasive and can only obtain brief snapshots of life on the reef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By recording around the clock, Caretti can document which species of fish and invertebrates use these reefs and why. For instance, she’s learned oyster toadfish hoping to meet a mate use the reef like a singles bar.[contextly_sidebar id=”KuW9EzFkH4AESRjlJ3s7f8lIYcEhWIDj”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re communicating with each other and also with females of that species,” she says while listening to scores of oyster toadfish honking in a cacophonous chorus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti has been tracking the change in biodiversity in these habitats over time and has found that shell reefs attract more aquatic life than reefs made out of granite marl or concrete. This could suggest it’s more valuable to dump shells into the water rather than other materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti’s findings are still preliminary, but they come at a good time. The North Carolina Coastal Federation announced in August that it wants to grow the state’s oyster industry by more than 10 times by 2030, from $2.4 million to $30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while that might be music to the ears of fishermen, it’ll sound a whole lot different when heard through a hydrophone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wunc.org/post/underwater-microphones-help-researchers-understand-what-lives-north-carolinas-oyster-reefs#stream/0\">audio\u003c/a> of this story, which comes to us from member station \u003ca href=\"http://wunc.org/\">WUNC\u003c/a> in North Carolina. James Morrison is an environment and food writer in Chapel Hill, N.C. You can follow him on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jcmorrisn?lang=en\">@JCMorrisn\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NCPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">NCPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+World+Of+An+Oyster%3A+Scientists+Are+Using+Microphones+To+Spy+On+Reef+Life&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 731,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1704927527,
"excerpt": "Reefs are being rebuilt along U.S. coastlines, which is good for the oyster. But how does it affect other underwater life? Researchers are listening to find out what animals use the reefs and why.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Reefs are being rebuilt along U.S. coastlines, which is good for the oyster. But how does it affect other underwater life? Researchers are listening to find out what animals use the reefs and why.",
"title": "Underwater Microphones Help Scientists Spy On Reef Life | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Underwater Microphones Help Scientists Spy On Reef Life",
"datePublished": "2018-09-05T11:01:53-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:47-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "underwater-microphones-help-scientists-spy-on-reef-life",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=642620775&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "James Morrison, NPR",
"nprStoryDate": "Tue, 04 Sep 2018 08:02:48 -0400",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Tue, 04 Sep 2018 08:02:48 -0400",
"sticky": false,
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/09/04/642620775/the-world-of-an-oyster-scientists-are-using-microphones-to-spy-on-reef-life?ft=nprml&f=642620775",
"nprImageAgency": "WUNC",
"nprImageCredit": "James Morrison",
"source": "Animals",
"nprStoryId": "642620775",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Tue, 04 Sep 2018 08:02:00 -0400",
"path": "/science/1930681/underwater-microphones-help-scientists-spy-on-reef-life",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A North Carolina State University researcher is using underwater microphones to help better understand the extensive array of animals living in the state’s oyster reefs.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1600s, oysters reefs were so robust in U.S. waterways that they created a hazard for ships. But centuries of harvesting the delicious bivalve have decimated these reefs, which serve as breeding grounds for future oysters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why nearly every U.S. state with a coastline has a program to rebuild oyster reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality’s division of marine fisheries uses barges to haul massive piles of spent oyster shells and other hard materials, like granite marl and concrete, to reef sites in Pamlico Sound. They then use large water cannons to blow it all off the deck and into the shallow, sandy waters. The shells and other materials provide habitat for oyster larvae to attach to, so they can grow and be harvested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fisheries division knows the reef program is good for the state’s $2.4 million oyster industry. But it’s still unclear what the larger impact of these reefs are in terms of increasing biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s what we call data gaps,” says Jason Peters, supervisor for the state’s oyster sanctuary program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Carolina State University Ph.D. student Olivia Caretti is hoping to fill in some of those gaps by using a relatively new method for monitoring aquatic life with underwater microphones, known as hydrophones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a little compact torpedo-looking thing about the size of your hand,” Caretti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is using these hydrophones to document which animals, other than oysters, use these reefs. And what she’s found so far has been enlightening.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An unstructured muddy bottom in Pamlico Sound, with no oyster reef, is mostly low frequency audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only sounds you hear are either water movements or low frequency fish calls,” Caretti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Life on an oyster reef sounds a lot different. It has plenty of low-frequency fish calls, but also a lot of high-frequency invertebrate activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can hear some grunts and knocking sounds. Those are certain types of fish,” Caretti says. “You can also hear a lot of snaps from the snapping shrimp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti has been recording for two years and has more audio than she could ever listen to. She does most of her analysis by using spectrograms, which are visual representations of the audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The spectrograms are helpful,” Caretti says, “because a lot of frequencies we record are inaudible to the human ear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti also uses traditional methods for monitoring oyster reefs, like trapping fish. But these techniques can be invasive and can only obtain brief snapshots of life on the reef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By recording around the clock, Caretti can document which species of fish and invertebrates use these reefs and why. For instance, she’s learned oyster toadfish hoping to meet a mate use the reef like a singles bar.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re communicating with each other and also with females of that species,” she says while listening to scores of oyster toadfish honking in a cacophonous chorus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti has been tracking the change in biodiversity in these habitats over time and has found that shell reefs attract more aquatic life than reefs made out of granite marl or concrete. This could suggest it’s more valuable to dump shells into the water rather than other materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caretti’s findings are still preliminary, but they come at a good time. The North Carolina Coastal Federation announced in August that it wants to grow the state’s oyster industry by more than 10 times by 2030, from $2.4 million to $30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while that might be music to the ears of fishermen, it’ll sound a whole lot different when heard through a hydrophone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wunc.org/post/underwater-microphones-help-researchers-understand-what-lives-north-carolinas-oyster-reefs#stream/0\">audio\u003c/a> of this story, which comes to us from member station \u003ca href=\"http://wunc.org/\">WUNC\u003c/a> in North Carolina. James Morrison is an environment and food writer in Chapel Hill, N.C. You can follow him on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jcmorrisn?lang=en\">@JCMorrisn\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NCPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">NCPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+World+Of+An+Oyster%3A+Scientists+Are+Using+Microphones+To+Spy+On+Reef+Life&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930681/underwater-microphones-help-scientists-spy-on-reef-life",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1930681"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_2873"
],
"tags": [
"science_1120",
"science_2549"
],
"featImg": "science_1930682",
"label": "source_science_1930681"
},
"science_1930685": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930685",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930685",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536170412000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536170412,
"format": "standard",
"title": "California Poised to Take Action To Protect Wetlands Amid Trump Rollbacks",
"headTitle": "California Poised to Take Action To Protect Wetlands Amid Trump Rollbacks | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California officials are poised to seize control over a major arena of federal regulation in response to Trump administration rollbacks: the management and protection of wetlands.[contextly_sidebar id=”h5N7PXQNQywXy02nIa7ekC6Pwli7BEsu”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wetlands are vital features on the landscape. Basically low spots in a watershed, when they fill with water they provide important habitat for birds, fish and other species. Wetlands also help control floods and recharge groundwater, and they filter the water we drink. On the other hand, being generally flat and maligned as “swamps,” they are popular places to pave and build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, wetlands have nearly disappeared across the western United States. That has given rise to the controversial policy known as the Waters of the U.S. rule, or WOTUS. The rule is an effort, first, to define wetlands, which turns out to be monumentally difficult. And second, to regulate development in and around wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of President Donald Trump’s first acts upon taking office in 2017 was to direct the Environmental Protection Agency to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/31/climate/trump-water-wotus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescind and rewrite\u003c/a> the WOTUS rule. The rule had been comprehensively updated in 2015 by the Obama administration, after years of analysis and public review. But Trump viewed it as overly broad. In January, the EPA fulfilled his promise by suspending the rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California decided to take action in response. Since 1993, it has been state law to avoid ongoing wetland losses – a so-called “no net loss” policy. So the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) began \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/cwa401/wrapp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preparing its own rules\u003c/a>, which would put the state in full control of wetland protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed later this year, it could become the first move by a state to seize a broad arena of regulatory power for itself in response to Trump’s regulatory rollbacks.[contextly_sidebar id=”2PoXn5ULD7oXKcJ8XO3phHJJySlLADjf”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our update will advance the ball and add clarity without giving up any authority that’s important to protect wetlands,” said Felicia Marcus, chair of the SWRCB and a former EPA regional administrator during the Clinton administration. “That’s what we’re working on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WOTUS rule has been around – under various names and iterations – as a component of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Act\u003c/a>, which was first adopted by Congress in 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overarching goal is to prevent pollution and erosion that harms water quality for people and wildlife. Building in wetlands and other water bodies, including the dredging needed to maintain harbors, often causes pollution by eliminating natural filtration and stirring up contaminated sediment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules have been jointly enforced by the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. They also apply to tidal waters, seasonal streams, ponds, lakes, playas, meadows, mudflats and any waters considered “navigable” or important to industry or commerce. As a result, how the rule is interpreted and applied has huge implications for the environment and the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, this interpretation had been left intentionally vague, both to provide regulatory flexibility and to avoid controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been confusion over the scope of WOTUS since 2001,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/our-faculty/faculty-profiles/holly-doremus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Holly Doremus\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental law at the University of California, Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the year the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the EPA and the Army Corps had been applying the law too broadly, and that some waters not connected to traditionally navigable waterways should not be regulated. A clear definition of regulated waterways had to be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second Supreme Court ruling in 2006 made things more confusing: a divided court held that waters with a “significant nexus” to something navigable could be regulated. This led to the 2015 WOTUS rule adopted by the Obama administration.[contextly_sidebar id=”uZWZn3wd1zciD7bUQInuUAod9GN3xUIR”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s definitions left a lot of room for interpretation. As a result, the Obama administration drew a large regulatory circle after a years-long effort to analyze the issue. Now the Trump administration wants to draw it much smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The core of that problem is that wetlands are not necessarily water and they’re not necessarily dry land. It’s hard for the public to understand,” Doremus said. “If you or I went out and stood somewhere and looked around, we wouldn’t necessarily know whether a place should be a wetland or not. It does take a technical expert examination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180903140657/172345.ME_.0524.malibulagoon.001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"482\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of preschoolers walk across a bridge spanning the marshes of Malibu Lagoon in Southern California. This marsh is protected within a state park. But many of California’s remaining wetlands and marshes are not, prompting the state to propose a new program to oversee development in and near such water bodies. (Luis Sinco/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s “no net loss” wetlands policy arose from a 1993 \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/cwa401/docs/wrapp2008/executive_order_w59_93.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proclamation\u003c/a> by then governor Pete Wilson. The proclamation also declared that the state must work to increase wetland acreage over time. Although it has remained state policy ever since, the policy has not been fulfilled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no formal state program to monitor wetland acreage, but evidence suggests total acreage has declined since 1993. The state has lost at \u003ca href=\"https://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/impacts/hydrology/wetlands/#sum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">least 91 percent\u003c/a> of its historic wetlands, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This federal rollback is a big threat,” said Rachel Zwillinger, water policy adviser at Defenders of Wildlife. “We have continued to lose wetlands. And there are losses occurring that are completely outside the permitting process, which is really problematic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California actually began drafting its own wetlands rule in 2004, partly to fulfill the “no net loss” policy and to provide more regulatory certainty. It went through several revisions but was never completed. The effort took on more urgency with Trump’s election in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s authority to regulate wetlands on its own arises from the general legal principles of statehood, Doremus said: states can adopt any regulations that promote the public welfare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, California has established the legal basis to protect all its waters in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/laws_regulations/docs/portercologne.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act\u003c/a>. The law, adopted in 1969, gives the state authority to enforce water quality in wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s new regulations would seek to protect wetlands and other waterways as “waters of the state.” Officially described as “dredge and fill” regulations, the rules would govern any activities that disturb wetlands and other surface waters.[contextly_sidebar id=”qKkpiVZtrcRRKdlrrEw5A34RWmC0zZij”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A starting point for the rules is simply defining a wetland. A key difference from federal regulations is that the state’s proposal does not require the presence of vegetation to declare that a water body is a wetland. The state rules require water to be present long enough for anaerobic (absence of oxygen) conditions to exist in the upper soil surface of the water body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another goal is to streamline the process of obtaining a permit, for example, to dredge a harbor, or pave a parking lot in an area that may or may not be a wetland. Currently, due to the absence of clear state regulations, the permit process can vary quite a bit in different regions of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We won’t make it crystal clear, but we will make it way more clear than it is and give some degree of comfort to both the environmental community and the developer community,” said the SWRCB’s Marcus. “We’re trying to create enough clarity for good government while protecting precious wetlands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though California is moving to adopt its own regulatory program, losing an active federal presence will be challenging. One reason is that the Army Corps plays a big role in identifying and mapping waterways that should be protected under the WOTUS rule – a process known as delineation. If federal changes eliminate or substantially shrink this role, the state’s workload is likely to increase substantially whether or not it adopts its own regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2449px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180903140751/947235791.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2449\" height=\"1726\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks before signing an executive order on Feb. 27, 2017, to begin the rollback of the Waters of the U.S. rule. The rule, adopted by the Obama administration in 2015, is designed to protect wetlands and other waterways from dredging and development. (Aude Guerrucci-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s moves so far have been followed by more court actions and more uncertainty. The latest development came on Aug. 16, when a federal judge in South Carolina \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060094329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued an injunction\u003c/a> against the administration’s February order suspending WOTUS. But the order only applies in 26 states not covered by stays issued in two previous court rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the West, this means the Obama-era WOTUS rules are again in force in California, Oregon, Washington and Texas, but not in Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the state water board’s delays, another pressure has come to bear: Gov. Jerry Brown’s term ends this year. Even assuming another Democrat replaces him, the transition to a new administration will be disruptive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Marcus’ own term as chair of the water board ends in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been really disappointed the state board has not yet finalized the policy,” Zwillinger said. “It’s been a decade in the making. And with the new, urgent threat at the federal level, we’d like to see it get across the finish line in this [state] administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus could not say when the water board might adopt the new rules. The board has already held many days of public hearings and workshops on the draft policy. But more deliberations will be required before adoption, and none have been scheduled yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s so contentious, we’re trying to get it right,” Marcus said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/09/03/amid-trump-rollbacks-california-moves-to-regulate-wetlands-on-its-own\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1707,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 37
},
"modified": 1704927529,
"excerpt": "The Trump administration is moving to weaken the so-called Waters of the U.S. rule, which protects wetlands and other waterways from development. California plans its own regulations to fill the gap.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The Trump administration is moving to weaken the so-called Waters of the U.S. rule, which protects wetlands and other waterways from development. California plans its own regulations to fill the gap.",
"title": "California Poised to Take Action To Protect Wetlands Amid Trump Rollbacks | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "California Poised to Take Action To Protect Wetlands Amid Trump Rollbacks",
"datePublished": "2018-09-05T11:00:12-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:49-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "amid-trump-rollbacks-california-moves-to-regulate-wetlands-on-its-own",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Matt Weiser\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Water",
"path": "/science/1930685/amid-trump-rollbacks-california-moves-to-regulate-wetlands-on-its-own",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California officials are poised to seize control over a major arena of federal regulation in response to Trump administration rollbacks: the management and protection of wetlands.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wetlands are vital features on the landscape. Basically low spots in a watershed, when they fill with water they provide important habitat for birds, fish and other species. Wetlands also help control floods and recharge groundwater, and they filter the water we drink. On the other hand, being generally flat and maligned as “swamps,” they are popular places to pave and build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, wetlands have nearly disappeared across the western United States. That has given rise to the controversial policy known as the Waters of the U.S. rule, or WOTUS. The rule is an effort, first, to define wetlands, which turns out to be monumentally difficult. And second, to regulate development in and around wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of President Donald Trump’s first acts upon taking office in 2017 was to direct the Environmental Protection Agency to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/31/climate/trump-water-wotus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescind and rewrite\u003c/a> the WOTUS rule. The rule had been comprehensively updated in 2015 by the Obama administration, after years of analysis and public review. But Trump viewed it as overly broad. In January, the EPA fulfilled his promise by suspending the rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California decided to take action in response. Since 1993, it has been state law to avoid ongoing wetland losses – a so-called “no net loss” policy. So the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) began \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/cwa401/wrapp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preparing its own rules\u003c/a>, which would put the state in full control of wetland protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed later this year, it could become the first move by a state to seize a broad arena of regulatory power for itself in response to Trump’s regulatory rollbacks.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our update will advance the ball and add clarity without giving up any authority that’s important to protect wetlands,” said Felicia Marcus, chair of the SWRCB and a former EPA regional administrator during the Clinton administration. “That’s what we’re working on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WOTUS rule has been around – under various names and iterations – as a component of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Act\u003c/a>, which was first adopted by Congress in 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overarching goal is to prevent pollution and erosion that harms water quality for people and wildlife. Building in wetlands and other water bodies, including the dredging needed to maintain harbors, often causes pollution by eliminating natural filtration and stirring up contaminated sediment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules have been jointly enforced by the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. They also apply to tidal waters, seasonal streams, ponds, lakes, playas, meadows, mudflats and any waters considered “navigable” or important to industry or commerce. As a result, how the rule is interpreted and applied has huge implications for the environment and the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, this interpretation had been left intentionally vague, both to provide regulatory flexibility and to avoid controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been confusion over the scope of WOTUS since 2001,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/our-faculty/faculty-profiles/holly-doremus/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Holly Doremus\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental law at the University of California, Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the year the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the EPA and the Army Corps had been applying the law too broadly, and that some waters not connected to traditionally navigable waterways should not be regulated. A clear definition of regulated waterways had to be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second Supreme Court ruling in 2006 made things more confusing: a divided court held that waters with a “significant nexus” to something navigable could be regulated. This led to the 2015 WOTUS rule adopted by the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s definitions left a lot of room for interpretation. As a result, the Obama administration drew a large regulatory circle after a years-long effort to analyze the issue. Now the Trump administration wants to draw it much smaller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The core of that problem is that wetlands are not necessarily water and they’re not necessarily dry land. It’s hard for the public to understand,” Doremus said. “If you or I went out and stood somewhere and looked around, we wouldn’t necessarily know whether a place should be a wetland or not. It does take a technical expert examination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180903140657/172345.ME_.0524.malibulagoon.001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"482\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of preschoolers walk across a bridge spanning the marshes of Malibu Lagoon in Southern California. This marsh is protected within a state park. But many of California’s remaining wetlands and marshes are not, prompting the state to propose a new program to oversee development in and near such water bodies. (Luis Sinco/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s “no net loss” wetlands policy arose from a 1993 \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/cwa401/docs/wrapp2008/executive_order_w59_93.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proclamation\u003c/a> by then governor Pete Wilson. The proclamation also declared that the state must work to increase wetland acreage over time. Although it has remained state policy ever since, the policy has not been fulfilled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no formal state program to monitor wetland acreage, but evidence suggests total acreage has declined since 1993. The state has lost at \u003ca href=\"https://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/impacts/hydrology/wetlands/#sum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">least 91 percent\u003c/a> of its historic wetlands, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This federal rollback is a big threat,” said Rachel Zwillinger, water policy adviser at Defenders of Wildlife. “We have continued to lose wetlands. And there are losses occurring that are completely outside the permitting process, which is really problematic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California actually began drafting its own wetlands rule in 2004, partly to fulfill the “no net loss” policy and to provide more regulatory certainty. It went through several revisions but was never completed. The effort took on more urgency with Trump’s election in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s authority to regulate wetlands on its own arises from the general legal principles of statehood, Doremus said: states can adopt any regulations that promote the public welfare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, California has established the legal basis to protect all its waters in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/laws_regulations/docs/portercologne.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act\u003c/a>. The law, adopted in 1969, gives the state authority to enforce water quality in wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s new regulations would seek to protect wetlands and other waterways as “waters of the state.” Officially described as “dredge and fill” regulations, the rules would govern any activities that disturb wetlands and other surface waters.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A starting point for the rules is simply defining a wetland. A key difference from federal regulations is that the state’s proposal does not require the presence of vegetation to declare that a water body is a wetland. The state rules require water to be present long enough for anaerobic (absence of oxygen) conditions to exist in the upper soil surface of the water body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another goal is to streamline the process of obtaining a permit, for example, to dredge a harbor, or pave a parking lot in an area that may or may not be a wetland. Currently, due to the absence of clear state regulations, the permit process can vary quite a bit in different regions of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We won’t make it crystal clear, but we will make it way more clear than it is and give some degree of comfort to both the environmental community and the developer community,” said the SWRCB’s Marcus. “We’re trying to create enough clarity for good government while protecting precious wetlands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though California is moving to adopt its own regulatory program, losing an active federal presence will be challenging. One reason is that the Army Corps plays a big role in identifying and mapping waterways that should be protected under the WOTUS rule – a process known as delineation. If federal changes eliminate or substantially shrink this role, the state’s workload is likely to increase substantially whether or not it adopts its own regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2449px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180903140751/947235791.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2449\" height=\"1726\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks before signing an executive order on Feb. 27, 2017, to begin the rollback of the Waters of the U.S. rule. The rule, adopted by the Obama administration in 2015, is designed to protect wetlands and other waterways from dredging and development. (Aude Guerrucci-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s moves so far have been followed by more court actions and more uncertainty. The latest development came on Aug. 16, when a federal judge in South Carolina \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060094329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued an injunction\u003c/a> against the administration’s February order suspending WOTUS. But the order only applies in 26 states not covered by stays issued in two previous court rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the West, this means the Obama-era WOTUS rules are again in force in California, Oregon, Washington and Texas, but not in Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the state water board’s delays, another pressure has come to bear: Gov. Jerry Brown’s term ends this year. Even assuming another Democrat replaces him, the transition to a new administration will be disruptive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Marcus’ own term as chair of the water board ends in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been really disappointed the state board has not yet finalized the policy,” Zwillinger said. “It’s been a decade in the making. And with the new, urgent threat at the federal level, we’d like to see it get across the finish line in this [state] administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus could not say when the water board might adopt the new rules. The board has already held many days of public hearings and workshops on the draft policy. But more deliberations will be required before adoption, and none have been scheduled yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s so contentious, we’re trying to get it right,” Marcus said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/09/03/amid-trump-rollbacks-california-moves-to-regulate-wetlands-on-its-own\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930685/amid-trump-rollbacks-california-moves-to-regulate-wetlands-on-its-own",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1930685"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_192",
"science_3322",
"science_201",
"science_207"
],
"featImg": "science_1927729",
"label": "source_science_1930685"
},
"science_1930621": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1930621",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1930621",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1536073256000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1536073256,
"format": "standard",
"title": "New Digital Database for Centuries-Old Plant Collection",
"headTitle": "New Digital Database for Centuries-Old Plant Collection | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>There’s a new effort underway make hundreds of thousands of dried and preserved plants collected along the East Coast available through a digital database.[contextly_sidebar id=”Xcu9G4lohicIrN6P3U783Iv7QbWM8vhh”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, explorers, scientists, and amateur botanists scoured the country to document and preserve plant species. Once prized like fine art, the collections were often bequeathed to institutions that housed herbaria, or libraries for plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time these collections became obscure, and fell out of use. Aside from the occasional researcher who had to schedule an appointment to view the records, and often travel long distances, these plant collections were difficult to access for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rick McCourt, botany curator at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University in Philadelphia, helps manage the oldest herbarium in North America. The herbarium has an estimated one and a half million plant species in its collection. About 35,000 plant species were collected along the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new database will allow researchers to answer questions about climate change, conservation and urbanization. Questions like: “How has the environment changed?” said McCourt. “What plants occur where? Do they occur someplace differently now than they used to? Are they vanished or gone from an area?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the data contained in that herbarium might even raise the possibility of using plant DNA to bring back extinct species.[contextly_sidebar id=”8TLuDXkaOmOA3taoPJSOlBjrjWD1emd3″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more like a Jurassic Park dream,” McCourt says. “But DNA is DNA, who knows? Before 1952 we wouldn’t have known what DNA was, much less that you could get it out of museum specimens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Academy, the 1.5 million plant species in the collection are housed in large metal cabinets, which are compressed together in a windowless, 3rd floor room that smells pungently of herbs. The plants were dried, then sewn, glued or taped to paper, and placed in manila folders that are stacked up inside the cabinets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he pulls out specimens, McCourt points to the careful handwritten notes from the collector, detailing the location and date of the specimen. Some date back 400 years. He says the collectors took pride in their herbarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I almost think of it like any collector, like baseball trading cards,” said McCourt. “It was a competitive game to see if you could describe a lot of new species, find a lot of new species, make them valuable to the people you were working for or your own reputation scientifically. And there were different levels of vanity associated with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether those collectors searched for valuable medicinal or agricultural plants, or whether it was simply a labor of love, few would have known they were creating such a rich database for future scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funded by the National Science Foundation, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mamdigitization.org/\">Mid-Atlantic Megalopolis Project \u003c/a>will put about 800,000 records from about a dozen herbaria online via high-resolution photos of plant specimens that span the urbanized corridor from New York City to Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The plant hunters\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Muhlenberg College in Allentown, plant ecologist Rich Niesenbaum has begun using the data from the herbarium to help find out what made some of the plants in its collection go extinct. Muhlenberg already digitized about 50,000 specimens and added it to the Megalopolis database.[contextly_sidebar id=”AEjUQJAZsTIjAgF4Bx4pf5UtuUETn7Hx”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The database allowed student Lindsay Press to pull the records of plant species that have been registered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection as extinct, rare or endangered. But going by the handwritten notes is difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would say by a railroad track, and that railroad didn’t exist anymore,” said Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her professor, Rich Niesenbaum, has begun the hunt for these plants to help document the impact of urbanization, but also to possibly protect vulnerable species and the region’s biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find a rare plant and it exists in Pennsylvania and it’s extinct in every other state, then that becomes a valuable piece of information,” he says. “It’s not just extinct in Pennsylvania or rare in Pennsylvania, it’s possibly being lost as a species nationally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Into the creek\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a blistering hot day in August, Niesenbaum and Press head out to hunt for one of the rare specimens in the collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The specimen collection of \u003cem>Potomogeten zosterformis\u003c/em>, otherwise known as flat-stemmed pondweed, includes notes from the amateur botanist that it was found on July 20, 1924 in “cedar creek south of Fairview Street.” The notes also mention a quarry. Niesenbaum says there’s only one old quarry in Allentown so he’s pretty sure he knows where to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The banks of Cedar Creek in this part of Allentown are lined with thickets of reeds and cattails. The creek is across from a city park, so Niesenbaum hopes the plant will be found. But so far, he’s been unlucky with these searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Invasive species like Japanese knotweed and stiltgrass crowd out everything else except poison ivy, providing one reason why some of these species may have gone extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niesenbaum points out railroad ties lying in the brush, and, spotting grass, he then jumps in the creek. He pulls out a handful of aquatic grass, and says he’ll take it back to the lab to grow it and see if it’s a match.[contextly_sidebar id=”uV7jRP77t1qZyk8qcqyU5iRWYiAWumnc”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean that’s exciting because you know as as a plant hunter we spend a lot more time hunting and looking than actually finding,” he says. “And so if this is indeed the rare plant and it’s here right now in the urban environment in an urban setting that offers a lot of hope.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several weeks later, he’s still unsure if the grass found in the creek is what he was looking for, but he’s hoping to get a team of students together to search for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is history,” he says. “This is historical data right in front of us. We can start to ask all sorts of questions that we were unable to answer or would be unable to answer without this kind of resource, we can’t go back in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 WHYY. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org\">WHYY\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Centuries-Old+Plant+Collection+Now+Online+%E2%80%94+A+Treasure+Trove+For+Researchers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1083,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 29
},
"modified": 1704927530,
"excerpt": "Close to 800,000 records from about a dozen plant collections or \"herbaria\" are being digitized, allowing researchers broad access to data on plant species collected and preserved in past centuries.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Close to 800,000 records from about a dozen plant collections or "herbaria" are being digitized, allowing researchers broad access to data on plant species collected and preserved in past centuries.",
"title": "New Digital Database for Centuries-Old Plant Collection | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "New Digital Database for Centuries-Old Plant Collection",
"datePublished": "2018-09-04T08:00:56-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:58:50-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "new-digital-database-for-centuries-old-plant-collection",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=641310268&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprStoryDate": "Sun, 02 Sep 2018 05:59:16 -0400",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Sun, 02 Sep 2018 06:03:14 -0400",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/2018/09/02/641310268/centuries-old-plant-collection-now-online-a-treasure-trove-for-researchers?ft=nprml&f=641310268",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesun/2018/09/20180902_wesun_centuries_old_plant_collection_now_online_a_treasure_trove_for_researchers.mp3?orgId=432&topicId=1007&d=227&p=10&story=641310268&ft=nprml&f=641310268",
"nprImageAgency": "WHYY",
"source": "Environment",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1644085251-4d6823.m3u?orgId=432&topicId=1007&d=227&p=10&story=641310268&ft=nprml&f=641310268",
"nprStoryId": "641310268",
"nprByline": "Susan Phillips, NPR",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 228,
"nprImageCredit": "Emma Lee",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Sun, 02 Sep 2018 07:43:00 -0400",
"path": "/science/1930621/new-digital-database-for-centuries-old-plant-collection",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesun/2018/09/20180902_wesun_centuries_old_plant_collection_now_online_a_treasure_trove_for_researchers.mp3?orgId=432&topicId=1007&d=227&p=10&story=641310268&ft=nprml&f=641310268",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a new effort underway make hundreds of thousands of dried and preserved plants collected along the East Coast available through a digital database.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, explorers, scientists, and amateur botanists scoured the country to document and preserve plant species. Once prized like fine art, the collections were often bequeathed to institutions that housed herbaria, or libraries for plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time these collections became obscure, and fell out of use. Aside from the occasional researcher who had to schedule an appointment to view the records, and often travel long distances, these plant collections were difficult to access for most people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rick McCourt, botany curator at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University in Philadelphia, helps manage the oldest herbarium in North America. The herbarium has an estimated one and a half million plant species in its collection. About 35,000 plant species were collected along the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new database will allow researchers to answer questions about climate change, conservation and urbanization. Questions like: “How has the environment changed?” said McCourt. “What plants occur where? Do they occur someplace differently now than they used to? Are they vanished or gone from an area?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the data contained in that herbarium might even raise the possibility of using plant DNA to bring back extinct species.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more like a Jurassic Park dream,” McCourt says. “But DNA is DNA, who knows? Before 1952 we wouldn’t have known what DNA was, much less that you could get it out of museum specimens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Academy, the 1.5 million plant species in the collection are housed in large metal cabinets, which are compressed together in a windowless, 3rd floor room that smells pungently of herbs. The plants were dried, then sewn, glued or taped to paper, and placed in manila folders that are stacked up inside the cabinets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he pulls out specimens, McCourt points to the careful handwritten notes from the collector, detailing the location and date of the specimen. Some date back 400 years. He says the collectors took pride in their herbarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I almost think of it like any collector, like baseball trading cards,” said McCourt. “It was a competitive game to see if you could describe a lot of new species, find a lot of new species, make them valuable to the people you were working for or your own reputation scientifically. And there were different levels of vanity associated with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether those collectors searched for valuable medicinal or agricultural plants, or whether it was simply a labor of love, few would have known they were creating such a rich database for future scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funded by the National Science Foundation, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mamdigitization.org/\">Mid-Atlantic Megalopolis Project \u003c/a>will put about 800,000 records from about a dozen herbaria online via high-resolution photos of plant specimens that span the urbanized corridor from New York City to Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The plant hunters\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Muhlenberg College in Allentown, plant ecologist Rich Niesenbaum has begun using the data from the herbarium to help find out what made some of the plants in its collection go extinct. Muhlenberg already digitized about 50,000 specimens and added it to the Megalopolis database.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The database allowed student Lindsay Press to pull the records of plant species that have been registered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection as extinct, rare or endangered. But going by the handwritten notes is difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would say by a railroad track, and that railroad didn’t exist anymore,” said Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her professor, Rich Niesenbaum, has begun the hunt for these plants to help document the impact of urbanization, but also to possibly protect vulnerable species and the region’s biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find a rare plant and it exists in Pennsylvania and it’s extinct in every other state, then that becomes a valuable piece of information,” he says. “It’s not just extinct in Pennsylvania or rare in Pennsylvania, it’s possibly being lost as a species nationally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Into the creek\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a blistering hot day in August, Niesenbaum and Press head out to hunt for one of the rare specimens in the collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The specimen collection of \u003cem>Potomogeten zosterformis\u003c/em>, otherwise known as flat-stemmed pondweed, includes notes from the amateur botanist that it was found on July 20, 1924 in “cedar creek south of Fairview Street.” The notes also mention a quarry. Niesenbaum says there’s only one old quarry in Allentown so he’s pretty sure he knows where to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The banks of Cedar Creek in this part of Allentown are lined with thickets of reeds and cattails. The creek is across from a city park, so Niesenbaum hopes the plant will be found. But so far, he’s been unlucky with these searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Invasive species like Japanese knotweed and stiltgrass crowd out everything else except poison ivy, providing one reason why some of these species may have gone extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niesenbaum points out railroad ties lying in the brush, and, spotting grass, he then jumps in the creek. He pulls out a handful of aquatic grass, and says he’ll take it back to the lab to grow it and see if it’s a match.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean that’s exciting because you know as as a plant hunter we spend a lot more time hunting and looking than actually finding,” he says. “And so if this is indeed the rare plant and it’s here right now in the urban environment in an urban setting that offers a lot of hope.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several weeks later, he’s still unsure if the grass found in the creek is what he was looking for, but he’s hoping to get a team of students together to search for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is history,” he says. “This is historical data right in front of us. We can start to ask all sorts of questions that we were unable to answer or would be unable to answer without this kind of resource, we can’t go back in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 WHYY. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org\">WHYY\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Centuries-Old+Plant+Collection+Now+Online+%E2%80%94+A+Treasure+Trove+For+Researchers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1930621/new-digital-database-for-centuries-old-plant-collection",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1930621"
],
"categories": [
"science_35",
"science_37",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_2254",
"science_508",
"science_3543",
"science_309"
],
"featImg": "science_1930622",
"label": "source_science_1930621"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/science?category=news": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 1896,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 3368,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"science_1931000",
"science_1930575",
"science_1930714",
"science_1931034",
"science_1930972",
"science_1930643",
"science_1930718",
"science_1930637",
"science_1930749",
"science_1930681",
"science_1930685",
"science_1930621"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science_category_news": {
"isLoading": true
},
"science_40": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/news"
},
"source_science_1931000": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1931000",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Wildfires",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930575": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930575",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate Change",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1931034": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1931034",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Oceans",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930643": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930643",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930718": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930718",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Events",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930637": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930637",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930749": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930749",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate Change",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930681": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930681",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Animals",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930685": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930685",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Water",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1930621": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1930621",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"isLoading": false
},
"science_31": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/climate"
},
"science_35": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_35",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "35",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 37,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/environment"
},
"science_3151": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3151",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3151",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Future of You",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Future of You Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3151,
"slug": "future-of-you",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/future-of-you"
},
"science_39": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_39",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "39",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 41,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/health"
},
"science_3424": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3424",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3424",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "KQED Future of You",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "KQED Future of You Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3424,
"slug": "kqed-future-of-you",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/kqed-future-of-you"
},
"science_3730": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3730",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3730",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Wildfires",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Wildfires Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3730,
"slug": "wildfires",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/wildfires"
},
"science_505": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_505",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "505",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "air pollution",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "air pollution Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 511,
"slug": "air-pollution",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/air-pollution"
},
"science_194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-change"
},
"science_5181": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5181",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5181",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5181,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/health"
},
"science_3693": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3693",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3693",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "wildfire smoke",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "wildfire smoke Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3693,
"slug": "wildfire-smoke",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wildfire-smoke"
},
"science_3584": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3584",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3584",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "This Moment on Earth",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "This Moment on Earth Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3584,
"slug": "this-moment-on-earth",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/this-moment-on-earth"
},
"science_635": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_635",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "635",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "art",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "art Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 641,
"slug": "art",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/art"
},
"science_3585": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3585",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3585",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "this moment featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "this moment featured Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3585,
"slug": "this-moment-featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/this-moment-featured"
},
"science_3581": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3581",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3581",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "This Moment on Earth",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "This Moment on Earth Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3581,
"slug": "this-moment-on-earth",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/this-moment-on-earth"
},
"science_2873": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2873",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2873",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Oceans",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Oceans Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2873,
"slug": "oceans",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/oceans"
},
"science_192": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_192",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "192",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 196,
"slug": "environment-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/environment-2"
},
"science_1155": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1155",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1155",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "pacific ocean",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "pacific ocean Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1164,
"slug": "pacific-ocean",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pacific-ocean"
},
"science_1189": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1189",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1189",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "plastic",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "plastic Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1198,
"slug": "plastic",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/plastic"
},
"science_554": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_554",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "554",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "pollution",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "pollution Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 560,
"slug": "pollution",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pollution"
},
"science_461": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_461",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "461",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "technology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "technology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 467,
"slug": "technology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/technology"
},
"science_5376": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5376",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5376",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Science Podcast",
"slug": "science-podcast",
"taxonomy": "program",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Science Podcast | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5376,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/program/science-podcast"
},
"science_33": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_33",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "33",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/energy"
},
"science_89": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_89",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "89",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Engineering",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Engineering Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 92,
"slug": "engineering",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/engineering"
},
"science_5141": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5141",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5141",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5141,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/podcast"
},
"science_3423": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3423",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3423",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"socialTitle": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Our captivating podcasts take you on a journey through the Bay Area's vibrant scientific landscape. Discover groundbreaking research & hear expert insights.",
"title": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3423,
"slug": "science-podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/science-podcast"
},
"science_4203": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4203",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4203",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Covering Climate Now",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Covering Climate Now Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4203,
"slug": "covering-climate-now",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/covering-climate-now"
},
"science_134": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_134",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "134",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 138,
"slug": "energy-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/energy-2"
},
"science_3370": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3370",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3370",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3370,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured"
},
"science_3301": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3301",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3301",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fossil fuels",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fossil fuels Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3301,
"slug": "fossil-fuels",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/fossil-fuels"
},
"science_556": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_556",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "556",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "global warming",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "global warming Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 562,
"slug": "global-warming",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/global-warming"
},
"science_2164": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2164",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2164",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "greenhouse gas emissions",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "greenhouse gas emissions Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2175,
"slug": "greenhouse-gas-emissions",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/greenhouse-gas-emissions"
},
"science_37": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_37",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "37",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Events",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Events Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 39,
"slug": "events",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/events"
},
"science_36": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_36",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "36",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Food Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 38,
"slug": "food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/food"
},
"science_855": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_855",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "855",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "events",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "events Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 861,
"slug": "events-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/events-2"
},
"science_3761": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3761",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3761",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "global climate action summit",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "global climate action summit Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3761,
"slug": "global-climate-action-summit",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/global-climate-action-summit"
},
"science_1041": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1041",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1041",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "natural gas",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "natural gas Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1049,
"slug": "natural-gas",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/natural-gas"
},
"science_136": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_136",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "136",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "PG&E",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "PG&E Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 140,
"slug": "pge",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pge"
},
"science_787": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_787",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "787",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "trees",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "trees Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 794,
"slug": "trees",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/trees"
},
"science_98": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_98",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "98",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 102,
"slug": "water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/water"
},
"science_572": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_572",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "572",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "drought",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "drought Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 578,
"slug": "drought",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/drought"
},
"science_201": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_201",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "201",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 205,
"slug": "water-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/water-2"
},
"science_113": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_113",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "113",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "wildfire",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "wildfire Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 117,
"slug": "wildfire",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wildfire"
},
"science_2874": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2874",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2874",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2874,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/animals"
},
"science_1120": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1120",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1120",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1128,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/animals"
},
"science_2549": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2549",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2549",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "marine animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "marine animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2561,
"slug": "marine-animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/marine-animals"
},
"science_3322": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3322",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3322",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Trump",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Trump Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3322,
"slug": "trump",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/trump"
},
"science_207": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_207",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "207",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "wetlands",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "wetlands Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 211,
"slug": "wetlands",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wetlands"
},
"science_2254": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2254",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2254",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "digital technology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "digital technology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2266,
"slug": "digital-technology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/digital-technology"
},
"science_508": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_508",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "508",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "internet",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "internet Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 514,
"slug": "internet",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/internet"
},
"science_3543": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3543",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3543",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "research",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "research Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3543,
"slug": "research",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/research"
},
"science_309": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_309",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "309",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 314,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/science"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
