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"content": "\u003cp>In a landmark vote, California water officials adopted a revolutionary water plan on Wednesday, aimed at restoring the state’s ailing rivers. But they left the door open for a future compromise with the water districts that would bear the brunt of the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The vote means that some water districts, such as San Francisco’s, would likely get less water in order to keep more in the rivers where salmon populations have crashed.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The state water board’s plan, almost 10 years in the making and delayed several times, was thrown another curveball by last-minute negotiations between water districts and the Brown Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the face of tightening supplies, the board asked water users several years ago to put together their own agreement to share water and boost habitat for salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the hours before the water board’s vote, a tentative agreement had been reached on one river, but not others, so the board voted 4-1 to move ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Commercial salmon fisherman have experienced decades of disastrous decline,” said Noah Oppenheim, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://pcffa.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pacific Coast Federation of Fisherman’s Association\u003c/a>. “Today’s vote could be the turning of the tide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote means that some water districts, such as San Francisco’s, would likely get less water in order to keep more in the rivers where salmon populations have crashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The voluntary agreements are still on the table and could be adopted later on. 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In some years, 90 percent of the water is siphoned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s contributed to a crash in salmon populations, down from around 70,000 in the mid-1980s to about 10,000 in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the state water board has drafted a plan to boost the flows on three rivers, the Tuolumne, Stanislaus and Merced, as part of a water quality analysis for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta that hasn’t been updated for more than 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Science shows the delta has been out of balance far too long and is in ecological crisis,” said water board chair Felicia Marcus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”YIKuSncntQlR9ObBU4KKB35GeoqzG0XQ”]Water districts cried foul, saying the plan would mean losing water that feeds their local economies. That included the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which supplies millions of Bay Area residents with water from the Tuolumne River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildlife groups said the flows wouldn’t be nearly enough to bring salmon back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not easy,” said Marcus. “This is one of the hardest decisions the board has had to make.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The divisive debate fit a familiar script in California water of “fish vs. farms,” so the water board put out a challenge: Water districts could come up with their own plan to share water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The negotiations began, stalled and picked up again. The water board delayed its vote, twice, to give the parties more time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, state officials presented the water board with the outline of a settlement on the Tuolumne River. Water users on the Stanislaus and Merced couldn’t come to an agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the agreement went beyond the Tuolumne River, including the Sacramento River and other tributaries. The water board is scheduled to consider the flows on those rivers in the next phase of its water quality plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on your view, the agreements are either a rare moment of groundbreaking cooperation or a last-ditch effort to delay something long overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I view this as a way to come up with a comprehensive solution for the Bay-Delta,” said Michael Carlin of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. “If you look at the whole system, that’s how you recover the fishery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plans include habitat restoration, seasonal water flows for salmon and fallowing thousands of acres of land to free up water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, environmental groups were quick to point out, the plans likely won’t provide the river flows currently in the water board’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the Tuolumne River, it really doesn’t represent that significant an improvement over existing conditions in many ways,” said Gary Bobker of the Bay Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While there was a lot of lipstick that was presented today, underlying that seems to be a pig in the poke,” said Doug Obegi of the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board plans to do an environmental analysis on the voluntary agreements, which are expected to be more fleshed out by March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water districts cautioned that the agreements may fall apart if the board voted to adopt the flow plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a risk, in my opinion, that we’re all going to be diverted into other processes and that very elusive thing called momentum might be lost,” said Kevin O’Brien, an attorney representing water districts on the Sacramento River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To actually return water to the rivers, the water board will undertake a water rights review, which could limit some of the oldest water rights holders in the state. 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"content": "\u003cp>After more than a three-week delay, commercial crab fishermen will begin dropping their nets this Saturday in coastal waters from Bodega Head north to the Sonoma-Mendocino county line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region was slated to open Nov. 15 but was postponed due to unsafe levels of toxic \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CEH/DFDCS/pages/fdbprograms/foodsafetyprogram/domoicacid.aspx\">domoic acid\u003c/a> found in crabs. Points south of the Sonoma County coastline opened on schedule last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial crabbing further north remains closed until at least Dec. 15; dangerous levels of the neurotoxin in crabs \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CEH/DFDCS/CDPH%20Document%20Library/FDB/FoodSafetyProgram/DomoicAcid/Crab%20Domoic%20Results%20July%201%202018%20to%20Nov%2030%202018.pdf\">continue to be a problem\u003c/a> in waters off Trinidad and Crescent City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domoic acid issues have plagued California’s Dungeness crab industry in recent years. Every season dating back to the catastrophic 2015-16 season has dealt with closures to at least some portion of the fishery, with resulting \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5203765-181/jerry-brown-seeks-disaster-declaration\">economic fallout\u003c/a> for commercial crab fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of fishermen now seeks damages from the oil industry for contributing to the cause of these toxic acid spikes. Domoic acid buildup is a byproduct of harmful \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/HABs-and-CA-Fisheries-FAQ-8.5.16.pdf\">algal blooms\u003c/a> created by warmer ocean temperatures, which can be exacerbated by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/news/climate-change-is-making-algal-blooms-worse-1.21884\">climate change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You used to be able to depend on the opening of crab season like clockwork.’\u003ccite>Larry Collins, crab boat owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Last month, attorneys representing the \u003ca href=\"https://pcffa.org/\">Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations\u003c/a> filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sheredling.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/2018-11-14-Crab-Complaint-1.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> against a long list of oil companies, including Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell and BP. The suit claims that the fossil fuel industry knowingly produces “greenhouse gas pollution that warms the planet, changes our climate, and disrupts the oceans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Oppenheim, executive director of the PCFFA, says that Dungeness crab fishermen have lost tens of millions in revenue as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to be dealing with the impacts of climate change for a very long time in California commercial fisheries,” Oppenheim said. “And we need to hold the organizations and companies that caused this problem to account.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Comey, a spokesman for Chevron, says the action is without merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The suit seeks to penalize the production of reliable, affordable energy, which has for decades been not only lawful, but actively encouraged by governments,” Comey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Comey, Chevron is committed to finding “real solutions” for climate change, and this type of litigation is “counterproductive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larry Collins is a crab boat owner based out of Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco. Collins, a 30-year veteran of commercial fishing, started crabbing after witnessing the decline of salmon in California’s waters. He’s now seeing his livelihood threatened once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You used to be able to depend on the opening of crab season like clockwork,” Collins says. “It sure doesn’t feel that way anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins, who serves as president of the San Francisco Crab Boat Owners Association, says many of the younger, less-established fisherman he’s met haven’t been able sustain the fallout of the last three seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Collins is happy the 2018 season is opening without too many delays, he says there’s still a lot of uncertainty surrounding the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to know what to do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For people concerned about getting sick from eating Dungeness crab, Noah Oppenheim stresses that it is safe to consume the crab you find in fish markets and grocery stores, provided it’s sourced from California or Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should get your crab wherever you can find it,” he said. “If it’s on the market, it’s safe.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After more than a three-week delay, commercial crab fishermen will begin dropping their nets this Saturday in coastal waters from Bodega Head north to the Sonoma-Mendocino county line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region was slated to open Nov. 15 but was postponed due to unsafe levels of toxic \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CEH/DFDCS/pages/fdbprograms/foodsafetyprogram/domoicacid.aspx\">domoic acid\u003c/a> found in crabs. Points south of the Sonoma County coastline opened on schedule last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial crabbing further north remains closed until at least Dec. 15; dangerous levels of the neurotoxin in crabs \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CEH/DFDCS/CDPH%20Document%20Library/FDB/FoodSafetyProgram/DomoicAcid/Crab%20Domoic%20Results%20July%201%202018%20to%20Nov%2030%202018.pdf\">continue to be a problem\u003c/a> in waters off Trinidad and Crescent City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domoic acid issues have plagued California’s Dungeness crab industry in recent years. Every season dating back to the catastrophic 2015-16 season has dealt with closures to at least some portion of the fishery, with resulting \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5203765-181/jerry-brown-seeks-disaster-declaration\">economic fallout\u003c/a> for commercial crab fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of fishermen now seeks damages from the oil industry for contributing to the cause of these toxic acid spikes. Domoic acid buildup is a byproduct of harmful \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/HABs-and-CA-Fisheries-FAQ-8.5.16.pdf\">algal blooms\u003c/a> created by warmer ocean temperatures, which can be exacerbated by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/news/climate-change-is-making-algal-blooms-worse-1.21884\">climate change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You used to be able to depend on the opening of crab season like clockwork.’\u003ccite>Larry Collins, crab boat owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Last month, attorneys representing the \u003ca href=\"https://pcffa.org/\">Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations\u003c/a> filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sheredling.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/2018-11-14-Crab-Complaint-1.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> against a long list of oil companies, including Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell and BP. The suit claims that the fossil fuel industry knowingly produces “greenhouse gas pollution that warms the planet, changes our climate, and disrupts the oceans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Oppenheim, executive director of the PCFFA, says that Dungeness crab fishermen have lost tens of millions in revenue as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to be dealing with the impacts of climate change for a very long time in California commercial fisheries,” Oppenheim said. “And we need to hold the organizations and companies that caused this problem to account.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Comey, a spokesman for Chevron, says the action is without merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The suit seeks to penalize the production of reliable, affordable energy, which has for decades been not only lawful, but actively encouraged by governments,” Comey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Comey, Chevron is committed to finding “real solutions” for climate change, and this type of litigation is “counterproductive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larry Collins is a crab boat owner based out of Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco. Collins, a 30-year veteran of commercial fishing, started crabbing after witnessing the decline of salmon in California’s waters. He’s now seeing his livelihood threatened once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You used to be able to depend on the opening of crab season like clockwork,” Collins says. “It sure doesn’t feel that way anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins, who serves as president of the San Francisco Crab Boat Owners Association, says many of the younger, less-established fisherman he’s met haven’t been able sustain the fallout of the last three seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Collins is happy the 2018 season is opening without too many delays, he says there’s still a lot of uncertainty surrounding the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to know what to do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For people concerned about getting sick from eating Dungeness crab, Noah Oppenheim stresses that it is safe to consume the crab you find in fish markets and grocery stores, provided it’s sourced from California or Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should get your crab wherever you can find it,” he said. “If it’s on the market, it’s safe.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Will Require Solar Panels on New Homes Starting in 2020",
"headTitle": "California Will Require Solar Panels on New Homes Starting in 2020 | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Solar panels will be a required feature on new houses in California, after the state’s Building Standards Commission gave final approval to a housing rule that’s the first of its kind in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set to take effect in 2020, the new standard includes an exemption for houses that are often shaded from the sun. It also includes incentives for people to add a high-capacity battery to their home’s electrical system, to store the sun’s energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These provisions really are historic and will be a beacon of light for the rest of the country,” said commissioner Kent Sasaki, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/12/06/california-officially-adopts-solar-requirement-for-new-homes-built-in-2020-or-later/\">The Mercury News\u003c/a>. “[It’s] the beginning of substantial improvement in how we produce energy and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule marks a new phase in California’s environmental policies, which have often set trends and established standards nationwide. The state has set the goal of drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/10/646373423/california-sets-goal-of-100-percent-renewable-electric-power-by-2045\">100 percent of its electricity\u003c/a> from renewable energy sources and sharply reducing greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solar panels rule was initially endorsed as part of the state’s Green Building Standards Code by the California Energy Commission back in May. In a public hearing on Wednesday, the Building Standards Commission heard opinions on the change before approving it — the final step in adding the requirement to the state’s building code. The vote was unanimous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Single-family homes and multi-family buildings that are up to three stories high must conform to the new solar power standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“New homes that are built under these standards are expected to use 53 percent less energy than our last standards” from 2016, said Drew Bohan, executive director of the energy commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state predicts that mandatory solar panel installations and other new improvements will add nearly $10,000 in the upfront cost of a home — a cost that officials say will balance out over time, due to lower electricity bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A homeowner will save $19,000 over the course of a 30-year mortgage, Bohan said at Wednesday’s meeting of the building commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2020, California homebuyers will have the option of either paying for solar panels outright, leasing them, or entering a power purchase agreement with developers. Another option is for communities to “pool resources instead of installing solar on individual homes,” Bohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With extreme weather events becoming more frequent, there is even greater need for homes that are efficient, reliable and resilient,” Bohan said, adding that the standards will result in buildings that “will continue to keep costs down, better withstand the impacts of climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speakers at Wednesday’s session mentioned the recent devastating wildfire in Butte County several times — as the type of case where solar panels and batteries could help people who face extended power outages from natural disasters, as well as an example of when state building and energy officials would need to help speed up wholesale rebuilding efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new rule has given solar panels a boost after the state’s installers \u003ca href=\"https://www.woodmac.com/research/products/power-and-renewables/us-solar-market-insight/\">saw a slump in 2017\u003c/a>, it is also been criticized for adding to home prices in a market that is already expensive. But to an extent, Wednesday’s meeting was largely a formality, focusing on whether the energy panel’s process for creating the rule was correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite worries that the solar power mandate could have an immediate impact not only on home buyers but on real estate developers and agents, the new rule has been largely supported by industry groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the energy commission’s May hearing where public comments and trade groups were also heard from, “the majority of those present, which included environmental groups, solar companies, and utilities, voiced their strong support for the new standards,” as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923652/in-a-first-california-set-to-require-solar-panels-on-all-new-homes\">member station KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California hopes to achieve its carbon-neutral energy status within 30 years; in September, the California Energy Commission said the state is currently at 32 percent of achieving that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past 40 years, Bohan said, the state’s energy policies have saved residents billions of dollars and helped California rein in per capita energy consumption more effectively than the rest of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Solar panels will be a required feature on new houses in California, after the state’s Building Standards Commission gave final approval to a housing rule that’s the first of its kind in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set to take effect in 2020, the new standard includes an exemption for houses that are often shaded from the sun. It also includes incentives for people to add a high-capacity battery to their home’s electrical system, to store the sun’s energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These provisions really are historic and will be a beacon of light for the rest of the country,” said commissioner Kent Sasaki, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/12/06/california-officially-adopts-solar-requirement-for-new-homes-built-in-2020-or-later/\">The Mercury News\u003c/a>. “[It’s] the beginning of substantial improvement in how we produce energy and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule marks a new phase in California’s environmental policies, which have often set trends and established standards nationwide. The state has set the goal of drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/10/646373423/california-sets-goal-of-100-percent-renewable-electric-power-by-2045\">100 percent of its electricity\u003c/a> from renewable energy sources and sharply reducing greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solar panels rule was initially endorsed as part of the state’s Green Building Standards Code by the California Energy Commission back in May. In a public hearing on Wednesday, the Building Standards Commission heard opinions on the change before approving it — the final step in adding the requirement to the state’s building code. The vote was unanimous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Single-family homes and multi-family buildings that are up to three stories high must conform to the new solar power standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“New homes that are built under these standards are expected to use 53 percent less energy than our last standards” from 2016, said Drew Bohan, executive director of the energy commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state predicts that mandatory solar panel installations and other new improvements will add nearly $10,000 in the upfront cost of a home — a cost that officials say will balance out over time, due to lower electricity bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A homeowner will save $19,000 over the course of a 30-year mortgage, Bohan said at Wednesday’s meeting of the building commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2020, California homebuyers will have the option of either paying for solar panels outright, leasing them, or entering a power purchase agreement with developers. Another option is for communities to “pool resources instead of installing solar on individual homes,” Bohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With extreme weather events becoming more frequent, there is even greater need for homes that are efficient, reliable and resilient,” Bohan said, adding that the standards will result in buildings that “will continue to keep costs down, better withstand the impacts of climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speakers at Wednesday’s session mentioned the recent devastating wildfire in Butte County several times — as the type of case where solar panels and batteries could help people who face extended power outages from natural disasters, as well as an example of when state building and energy officials would need to help speed up wholesale rebuilding efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new rule has given solar panels a boost after the state’s installers \u003ca href=\"https://www.woodmac.com/research/products/power-and-renewables/us-solar-market-insight/\">saw a slump in 2017\u003c/a>, it is also been criticized for adding to home prices in a market that is already expensive. But to an extent, Wednesday’s meeting was largely a formality, focusing on whether the energy panel’s process for creating the rule was correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite worries that the solar power mandate could have an immediate impact not only on home buyers but on real estate developers and agents, the new rule has been largely supported by industry groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the energy commission’s May hearing where public comments and trade groups were also heard from, “the majority of those present, which included environmental groups, solar companies, and utilities, voiced their strong support for the new standards,” as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923652/in-a-first-california-set-to-require-solar-panels-on-all-new-homes\">member station KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California hopes to achieve its carbon-neutral energy status within 30 years; in September, the California Energy Commission said the state is currently at 32 percent of achieving that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past 40 years, Bohan said, the state’s energy policies have saved residents billions of dollars and helped California rein in per capita energy consumption more effectively than the rest of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>REDDING, Calif. (AP) — A rare fire tornado that raged during this summer’s deadly Carr Fire in Northern California was created by a combination of scorching weather, erratic winds and an ice-topped cloud that towered miles into the atmosphere, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The churning funnel of smoke and flame killed a firefighter as it exploded in what already was a vast and devastating wildfire in July on the edge of Redding, about 250 miles north of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire claimed eight lives and destroyed more than 1,000 homes before it was contained on Aug. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study in the Geophysical Research Letters journal used satellite and radar data to suggest how a monstrous “firenado” the size of three football fields developed on July 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said the firenado was formed in much the same way as a regular tornado, which differs from the “fire whirls” that are formed only by heat from a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1935377\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1935377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-800x551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-800x551.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-768x529.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1200x826.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1920x1322.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-960x661.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-240x165.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-375x258.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters try to control the Carr Fire as it continues to spread near Redding, California on July 31, 2018. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The only other documented case of such a “firenado” was during the 2003 Canberra fires in Australia, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key factor was the development of a cloud generated by the fire itself that was ice-topped and grew quickly, doubling in length in just 15 minutes. It reached as high as 39,000 feet, according to the study, which was published on Nov. 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The development of that pyrocumulonimbus cloud “helped stretch the underlying column of air, concentrating the rotation near the surface” and causing tornado-strength winds that reached 143 mph, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This paints a clear picture of the sequence of events leading to the vortex development and intensification,” said Neil Lareau of the University of Nevada, Reno, who co-authored the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other factors included record high temperatures, low humidity and a “near-surface cyclonic wind shear zone,” according to the study. A wind shear occurs when the wind speed or direction suddenly changes, so that the wind actually is blowing in two opposite directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wind shear near the ground set up the spin that developed the fire tornado plume, Lareau said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These observations may help forecasters and scientists identify – and potentially warn – for future destructive fire-generated vortices,” according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lareau is an assistant professor in the Physics Department of the College of Science. The article was co-authored by Nicholas Nausler of the Storm Prediction Center in Norman, Oklahoma and John Abatzoglou from the Department of Geography at the University of Idaho in Moscow, Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>REDDING, Calif. (AP) — A rare fire tornado that raged during this summer’s deadly Carr Fire in Northern California was created by a combination of scorching weather, erratic winds and an ice-topped cloud that towered miles into the atmosphere, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The churning funnel of smoke and flame killed a firefighter as it exploded in what already was a vast and devastating wildfire in July on the edge of Redding, about 250 miles north of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire claimed eight lives and destroyed more than 1,000 homes before it was contained on Aug. 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study in the Geophysical Research Letters journal used satellite and radar data to suggest how a monstrous “firenado” the size of three football fields developed on July 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said the firenado was formed in much the same way as a regular tornado, which differs from the “fire whirls” that are formed only by heat from a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1935377\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1935377\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-800x551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-800x551.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-768x529.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1200x826.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1920x1322.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-960x661.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-240x165.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-375x258.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/12/GettyImages-1008708592-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters try to control the Carr Fire as it continues to spread near Redding, California on July 31, 2018. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The only other documented case of such a “firenado” was during the 2003 Canberra fires in Australia, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key factor was the development of a cloud generated by the fire itself that was ice-topped and grew quickly, doubling in length in just 15 minutes. It reached as high as 39,000 feet, according to the study, which was published on Nov. 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The development of that pyrocumulonimbus cloud “helped stretch the underlying column of air, concentrating the rotation near the surface” and causing tornado-strength winds that reached 143 mph, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This paints a clear picture of the sequence of events leading to the vortex development and intensification,” said Neil Lareau of the University of Nevada, Reno, who co-authored the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other factors included record high temperatures, low humidity and a “near-surface cyclonic wind shear zone,” according to the study. A wind shear occurs when the wind speed or direction suddenly changes, so that the wind actually is blowing in two opposite directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wind shear near the ground set up the spin that developed the fire tornado plume, Lareau said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These observations may help forecasters and scientists identify – and potentially warn – for future destructive fire-generated vortices,” according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lareau is an assistant professor in the Physics Department of the College of Science. The article was co-authored by Nicholas Nausler of the Storm Prediction Center in Norman, Oklahoma and John Abatzoglou from the Department of Geography at the University of Idaho in Moscow, Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California may be ahead of the game in curbing climate emissions, but the world as a whole is falling behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After several years of leveling off, global emissions of heat-trapping carbon dioxide are on track for their largest jump in seven years, discouraging scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>World carbon dioxide emissions are estimated to have risen 2.7 percent from 2017 to 2018, according to three studies released Wednesday from the Global Carbon Project , an international scientific collaboration of academics, governments and industry that tracks greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement cast a pall over multinational climate talks happening this week in Poland. As negotiators hammer out details to put the 2015 Paris climate accord into effect, the latest emissions estimate puts some of the landmark agreement’s goals nearly out of reach, scientists said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is terrible news,” said Andrew Jones, co-director of Climate Interactive, which models greenhouse gas emissions and temperatures but was not part of the research. “Every year that we delay serious climate action, the Paris goals become difficult to meet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formally, the broad goal set in Paris was to halt warming since pre-industrial times at 2 degrees Celsius. But more recently, scientists have advised that tightening the screws to 1.5 C would better safeguard humanity against the worst climate impacts, such as extreme weather events and rising seas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GCP studies concluded that this year the world would spew 40.9 billion tons of carbon dioxide, up from 39.8 billion tons last year. The margin of error is about one percentage point on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Global Carbon Project uses government and industry reports to come up with final emission figures for 2017 and projections for 2018 based on the four biggest polluters: China, the United States, India and the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S., which had been steadily decreasing its carbon pollution, showed a significant rise in emissions — up 2.5 percent — for the first time since 2013. China, the globe’s biggest carbon emitter, saw its largest increase since 2011: 4.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, thanks to aggressive regulation and incentives, is running several years ahead of schedule toward its 2020 goal of reducing emissions to 1990 levels. But California only accounts for about 1 percent of worldwide emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Study lead author Corinne Le Quere, a climate change researcher at the University of East Anglia in England, said the increase is a surprising “reality check” after a few years of smaller emission increases. But she also doesn’t think the world will return to the even larger increases seen from 2003 to 2008. She believes unusual factors are at play this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the U.S., it was a combination of a hot summer and cold winter that required more electricity use for heating and cooling. For China, it was an economic stimulus that pushed coal-powered manufacturing, Le Quere said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Reilly, co-director of MIT’s Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, said the results aren’t too surprising because fossil fuels still account for 81 percent of the world’s energy use. The burning of coal, oil and gas release carbon dioxide, which warms the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Reilly, who wasn’t part of the study, praised it as impressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Global Carbon Project chairman Rob Jackson, a Stanford University climate scientist, said he was discouraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China increased its emissions to 11.4 billion tons, while the U.S. jumped to a shade under 6 billion tons. The European Union spewed 3.9 billion tons and India soared to 2.9 billion tons. Overall, the world is spewing about 1,300 tons (1,175 metric tons) of carbon dioxide into the air every second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burning of coal — the biggest carbon emitter — is rising. And while countries are using more renewable fuels and trying to reduce carbon from electricity production, emissions from cars and planes are steadily increasing, Le Quere said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Global carbon dioxide emissions have increased 55 percent in the last 20 years, the calculations show. At the same time, Earth has warmed on average about two-thirds of a degree (0.38 degrees Celsius), according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California may be ahead of the game in curbing climate emissions, but the world as a whole is falling behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After several years of leveling off, global emissions of heat-trapping carbon dioxide are on track for their largest jump in seven years, discouraging scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>World carbon dioxide emissions are estimated to have risen 2.7 percent from 2017 to 2018, according to three studies released Wednesday from the Global Carbon Project , an international scientific collaboration of academics, governments and industry that tracks greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement cast a pall over multinational climate talks happening this week in Poland. As negotiators hammer out details to put the 2015 Paris climate accord into effect, the latest emissions estimate puts some of the landmark agreement’s goals nearly out of reach, scientists said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is terrible news,” said Andrew Jones, co-director of Climate Interactive, which models greenhouse gas emissions and temperatures but was not part of the research. “Every year that we delay serious climate action, the Paris goals become difficult to meet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formally, the broad goal set in Paris was to halt warming since pre-industrial times at 2 degrees Celsius. But more recently, scientists have advised that tightening the screws to 1.5 C would better safeguard humanity against the worst climate impacts, such as extreme weather events and rising seas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GCP studies concluded that this year the world would spew 40.9 billion tons of carbon dioxide, up from 39.8 billion tons last year. The margin of error is about one percentage point on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Global Carbon Project uses government and industry reports to come up with final emission figures for 2017 and projections for 2018 based on the four biggest polluters: China, the United States, India and the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S., which had been steadily decreasing its carbon pollution, showed a significant rise in emissions — up 2.5 percent — for the first time since 2013. China, the globe’s biggest carbon emitter, saw its largest increase since 2011: 4.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, thanks to aggressive regulation and incentives, is running several years ahead of schedule toward its 2020 goal of reducing emissions to 1990 levels. But California only accounts for about 1 percent of worldwide emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Study lead author Corinne Le Quere, a climate change researcher at the University of East Anglia in England, said the increase is a surprising “reality check” after a few years of smaller emission increases. But she also doesn’t think the world will return to the even larger increases seen from 2003 to 2008. She believes unusual factors are at play this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the U.S., it was a combination of a hot summer and cold winter that required more electricity use for heating and cooling. For China, it was an economic stimulus that pushed coal-powered manufacturing, Le Quere said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Reilly, co-director of MIT’s Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, said the results aren’t too surprising because fossil fuels still account for 81 percent of the world’s energy use. The burning of coal, oil and gas release carbon dioxide, which warms the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Reilly, who wasn’t part of the study, praised it as impressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Global Carbon Project chairman Rob Jackson, a Stanford University climate scientist, said he was discouraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China increased its emissions to 11.4 billion tons, while the U.S. jumped to a shade under 6 billion tons. The European Union spewed 3.9 billion tons and India soared to 2.9 billion tons. Overall, the world is spewing about 1,300 tons (1,175 metric tons) of carbon dioxide into the air every second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burning of coal — the biggest carbon emitter — is rising. And while countries are using more renewable fuels and trying to reduce carbon from electricity production, emissions from cars and planes are steadily increasing, Le Quere said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Global carbon dioxide emissions have increased 55 percent in the last 20 years, the calculations show. At the same time, Earth has warmed on average about two-thirds of a degree (0.38 degrees Celsius), according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The snow season got off to a slow start, with the first storms not settling in until nearly Thanksgiving. Since then, accumulations have caught up and then some. In the first week of December, the Sierra snowpack, measured by water content of the snow, was above the long-term average, with the southern Sierra at 139 percent of normal. It’s early in the season, though, and the outlook could change dramatically. Most of California’s snow falls from December to February. Move the sliders in the images to view the terrain before and after the snows.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lake Tahoe\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 11, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=83788c30-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lassen Volcanic National Park\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 11, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=106fbc04-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mammoth Lakes\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 8, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=b465a88c-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra National Forest\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 20, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=d6bb7358-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The snow season got off to a slow start, with the first storms not settling in until nearly Thanksgiving. Since then, accumulations have caught up and then some. In the first week of December, the Sierra snowpack, measured by water content of the snow, was above the long-term average, with the southern Sierra at 139 percent of normal. It’s early in the season, though, and the outlook could change dramatically. Most of California’s snow falls from December to February. Move the sliders in the images to view the terrain before and after the snows.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lake Tahoe\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 11, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=83788c30-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lassen Volcanic National Park\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 11, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=106fbc04-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mammoth Lakes\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 8, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=b465a88c-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra National Forest\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Nov. 20, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Dec. 2, 2018\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=d6bb7358-f8be-11e8-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "7.0 Magnitude Quake Hits Alaska, Triggers Tsunami Warning",
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"content": "\u003cp>ANCHORAGE, Alaska — Back-to-back earthquakes measuring 7.0 and 5.8 rocked buildings and shattered roads Friday morning in Anchorage, sending people running into the streets and briefly triggering a warning to residents in Kodiak to flee to higher ground for fear of a tsunami.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warning was lifted a short time later. There were no immediate reports of any deaths or serious injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey said the first and more powerful quake was centered about 7 miles north of Anchorage, Alaska’s largest city, with a population of about 300,000. People ran from their offices or took cover under desks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cracks could be seen in a two-story downtown Anchorage building, and photographs posted to social media showed fractured roads and collapsed ceiling tiles at an Anchorage high school. One image showed a car stranded on an island of pavement, surrounded by cavernous cracks where the earthquake split the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Nat_Herz/status/1068585299528232960\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cereal boxes and packages of batteries littered the floor of a grocery store, and picture frames and mirrors were knocked from living room walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People went back inside after the first earthquake struck, but the 5.8 aftershock about five minutes later sent them running back into the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tsunami warning was issued for the southern Alaska coastal areas of Cook’s Inlet and part of the Kenai peninsula. Kodiak police on Kodiak Island warned people in the city of 6,100 to “evacuate to higher ground immediately” because of “wave estimated 10 minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Kenai, north of Anchorage, Brandon Slaton was alone at home and soaking in the bathtub when the earthquake struck. Slaton, who weighs 209 pounds, said it created a powerful bath-and-forth sloshing in the bath, and before he knew it, he was thrown out of the tub by the waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His 120-pound mastiff panicked and tried to run down the stairs, but the house was swaying so much that the dog was thrown off its feet and into a wall and tumbled to the base of the stairs, Slaton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaton ran into his son’s room after the shaking stopped and found his fish tank shattered and the fish on the floor, gasping for breath. He grabbed it and put it in another bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was anarchy,” he said. “There’s no pictures left on the walls, there’s no power, there’s no fish tank left. Everything that’s not tied down is broke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alaska averages 40,000 earthquakes per year, with more large quakes than the 49 other states combined. Southern Alaska has a high risk of earthquakes because of tectonic plates sliding past each other under the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Harper was getting some coffee at a store when the low rumble began and intensified into something that sounded “like the building was just going to fall apart.” Harper ran to the exit with other patrons there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main thought that was going through my head as I was trying to get out the door was, ‘I want this to stop,'” he said. Harper said the quake was “significant enough that the people who were outside were actively hugging each other. You could tell that it was a bad one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 27, 1964, Alaska was hit by a magnitude 9.2 earthquake, the strongest recorded in U.S. history, centered about 75 miles east of Anchorage. The quake, which lasted about four-and-a-half minutes, and the tsunami it triggered claimed about 130 lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/101ba6d6df894e629bddff152a45146d\">Associated Press\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>ANCHORAGE, Alaska — Back-to-back earthquakes measuring 7.0 and 5.8 rocked buildings and shattered roads Friday morning in Anchorage, sending people running into the streets and briefly triggering a warning to residents in Kodiak to flee to higher ground for fear of a tsunami.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warning was lifted a short time later. There were no immediate reports of any deaths or serious injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Geological Survey said the first and more powerful quake was centered about 7 miles north of Anchorage, Alaska’s largest city, with a population of about 300,000. People ran from their offices or took cover under desks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cracks could be seen in a two-story downtown Anchorage building, and photographs posted to social media showed fractured roads and collapsed ceiling tiles at an Anchorage high school. One image showed a car stranded on an island of pavement, surrounded by cavernous cracks where the earthquake split the road.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cereal boxes and packages of batteries littered the floor of a grocery store, and picture frames and mirrors were knocked from living room walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People went back inside after the first earthquake struck, but the 5.8 aftershock about five minutes later sent them running back into the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tsunami warning was issued for the southern Alaska coastal areas of Cook’s Inlet and part of the Kenai peninsula. Kodiak police on Kodiak Island warned people in the city of 6,100 to “evacuate to higher ground immediately” because of “wave estimated 10 minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Kenai, north of Anchorage, Brandon Slaton was alone at home and soaking in the bathtub when the earthquake struck. Slaton, who weighs 209 pounds, said it created a powerful bath-and-forth sloshing in the bath, and before he knew it, he was thrown out of the tub by the waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His 120-pound mastiff panicked and tried to run down the stairs, but the house was swaying so much that the dog was thrown off its feet and into a wall and tumbled to the base of the stairs, Slaton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaton ran into his son’s room after the shaking stopped and found his fish tank shattered and the fish on the floor, gasping for breath. He grabbed it and put it in another bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was anarchy,” he said. “There’s no pictures left on the walls, there’s no power, there’s no fish tank left. Everything that’s not tied down is broke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alaska averages 40,000 earthquakes per year, with more large quakes than the 49 other states combined. Southern Alaska has a high risk of earthquakes because of tectonic plates sliding past each other under the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Harper was getting some coffee at a store when the low rumble began and intensified into something that sounded “like the building was just going to fall apart.” Harper ran to the exit with other patrons there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main thought that was going through my head as I was trying to get out the door was, ‘I want this to stop,'” he said. Harper said the quake was “significant enough that the people who were outside were actively hugging each other. You could tell that it was a bad one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 27, 1964, Alaska was hit by a magnitude 9.2 earthquake, the strongest recorded in U.S. history, centered about 75 miles east of Anchorage. The quake, which lasted about four-and-a-half minutes, and the tsunami it triggered claimed about 130 lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/101ba6d6df894e629bddff152a45146d\">Associated Press\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Warning: Climate Change in California Could Be Hazardous to Your Health",
"headTitle": "Warning: Climate Change in California Could Be Hazardous to Your Health | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/Public%20Health%20Climate%20Change%20LINKS_4%201126.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new report\u003c/a> released this week outlines, in great detail, the potential health and economic costs to California from climate change — everything from premature deaths due to heatstroke to anticipated spikes in West Nile virus, Valley fever, and even kidney stones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was commissioned by state Sen. Ricardo Lara, who will soon be giving up his senate seat after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">being elected\u003c/a> insurance commissioner earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first time we have a California report that combines the latest research on our health and the ‘new normal’ of extreme wildfire and climate-caused events,” Lara wrote to KQED in an email. (Gov. Jerry Brown recently amended his own climate vocabulary, calling global warming impacts “the new \u003cem>abnormal\u003c/em>.”) The senator was in Washington D.C. presenting to the World Bank on the report and on his bill to limit hydro-fluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, which are potent greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”vn6VCB9SjRIBblKPRR18mDEt6roBFBjm”]The report contains no new research; it’s a review of existing literature, an attempt to outline both the current state of climate change in California and the expected health effects on the state’s population in coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the warnings: the Central Valley may experience heat-health events that last two weeks longer, while the northern Sierra region can expect four to 10 times more heat-health events than currently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is consensus among experts that by 2100, California will see maximum average temperatures increase by 5.6 to 8.8 degrees Fahrenheit above 1960–2005 temperatures,” says the report — depending on whether emissions continue rising or decrease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does that mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>By 2050, as many as 6,700 to 11,300 premature deaths are expected due to rising temperatures, which can exacerbate existing conditions like heat disease or asthma.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Poor air quality will increase the incidence of respiratory illnesses.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The intensity and frequency of storms will increase death and injury.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Higher temperatures will also lead to the growth of disease-carrying mosquitos and ticks, as well as food-borne pathogens.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“What this report shows is that we need to be discussing how to address the lingering effects on public health, our air and our food,” said Lara. Here are some of the details laid out. You can also read \u003ca href=\"https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/Public%20Health%20Climate%20Change%20LINKS_4%201126.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the full 80-page report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Heat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increases in temperatures have dramatic impacts on the health of the community. In the state’s nine most populous counties, from 1999 to 2003, rising temperatures increased the risk of hospitalization for heatstroke by 342 percent, for dehydration by 10.8 percent and for renal failure by 7.4 percent. There was also a 1.7 percent increase in mortality across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During heat waves those numbers can be higher. Studies tracking the 2006 heat wave found a 9 percent increase in mortality per 10-degree increase in temperature in the affected counties. That caused about 600 heat-related deaths over the two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High temperatures are also associated with pre-term birth. From 1999 to 2006, a 10-degree rise in temperature increased the risk of pre-term birth by 8.6 percent across 16 California counties, though that risk was higher for younger mothers and highest for African-American mothers (14.9 percent).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that kidney stones are also more prevalent in hotter climates, because minerals build up under dehydration conditions. Projecting existing rates of kidney stones in nearby hot climates onto anticipated temperatures increases in California predicts that the state will see a 10.7 percent increase in risk of kidney stones by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air Quality\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is also known to affect air quality as concentration of ground-level ozone is stoked by heat and methane emissions, while fine particulate matter in the air (typically known as PM2.5) is a product of wildfire smoke, which is expected to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”Jpmw1DpnGs905iMXpwAAljHeFkY04p4r”]Air pollution in the San Joaquin Valley already contributes to 460 premature deaths each year and approximately 3,230 cases of acute bronchitis in children — with projections for those numbers rising as air pollution worsens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models project “large” wildfires are expected to increase in number by 21 percent by 2034, and with wildfire smoke comes a well-documented higher rate of hospitalizations and respiratory illnesses. During the 2015 wildfire season statewide, for example, there was a 171 percent increase in the risk of a pulmonary embolism during the heavy smoke periods. And during the 2003 fall fire in Southern California, acute bronchitis hospital admissions increased on average by 67 percent. Even after the fires, admission rates for acute bronchitis and pneumonia still went up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever is also on the rise as the soil dries out and people are more apt to breathe in the fungus that leads to the illness. Valley fever includes coughing, fever, chest pains and, in the worst conditions, can result in meningitis. Valley fever rose 34 percent from 2016 to 2017, with the heavy majority of the cases in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Extreme Weather\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Droughts, floods and fires all have immediate health consequences. And there are documented increases in mental health issues, like PTSD, depression and suicidal thoughts. Disaster recovery is also known to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706264/study-people-of-color-and-low-income-residents-most-vulnerable-to-wildfire-impacts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hit vulnerable populations harder\u003c/a>, especially those without insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”8hBZ41YlWfjH8B4Rjxb7MBQPe3hQX0Sf”]But extreme weather events also have indirect health consequences. For example, in 1993 after several years of drought, a heavy rainfall in Tulare County led to an increase in Valley fever, because of the growth of fungus. The number of cases there spiked from an average of 450 annually to 1,208 cases that first year and over 4,000 cases the two following years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flooding and heavy rains also lead to contamination of water supplies, which has been shown to lead to an increase in gastrointestinal illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disease\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changing climate also affects how communities are exposed to infectious diseases and can increase the number of rodents or insects carrying pathogens — a trend that’s already already being seen. In 2007, there were 75 cases of Lyme disease reported statewide, while in 2016 there were 141 in just 33 counties. While climate was unlikely to be the sole driver of that increase, warming temperatures are expected to double the reproductive capacity of ticks, which carry Lyme disease, and peak tick activity is much longer in drier and warmer climates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”GgX27KIsYVEVf36btfb9LA0yENVzkGu9″]Higher temperatures and drought also increase the number of mosquitoes and the transmission rates for West Nile virus. The recent drought led to the highest number of cases of West Nile virus in California, with 379 in 2013 alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural and urban run-off in extreme flooding and heavy rainfall leads to an increase in bacterial contamination, and warming of surface water causes new bacterial and viral pathogens to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, scientific evidence has unequivocally shown that climate change is a reality,” concludes the report. “While opportunities to entirely prevent the effects of climate change have already passed, there is still a role for strong leadership in the public and private sectors to reduce the levels of projected damage and hardship…By building communities that are resilient to a changing environment, the most extreme effects of climate change may be minimized.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/Public%20Health%20Climate%20Change%20LINKS_4%201126.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new report\u003c/a> released this week outlines, in great detail, the potential health and economic costs to California from climate change — everything from premature deaths due to heatstroke to anticipated spikes in West Nile virus, Valley fever, and even kidney stones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was commissioned by state Sen. Ricardo Lara, who will soon be giving up his senate seat after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">being elected\u003c/a> insurance commissioner earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first time we have a California report that combines the latest research on our health and the ‘new normal’ of extreme wildfire and climate-caused events,” Lara wrote to KQED in an email. (Gov. Jerry Brown recently amended his own climate vocabulary, calling global warming impacts “the new \u003cem>abnormal\u003c/em>.”) The senator was in Washington D.C. presenting to the World Bank on the report and on his bill to limit hydro-fluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, which are potent greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The report contains no new research; it’s a review of existing literature, an attempt to outline both the current state of climate change in California and the expected health effects on the state’s population in coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the warnings: the Central Valley may experience heat-health events that last two weeks longer, while the northern Sierra region can expect four to 10 times more heat-health events than currently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is consensus among experts that by 2100, California will see maximum average temperatures increase by 5.6 to 8.8 degrees Fahrenheit above 1960–2005 temperatures,” says the report — depending on whether emissions continue rising or decrease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does that mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>By 2050, as many as 6,700 to 11,300 premature deaths are expected due to rising temperatures, which can exacerbate existing conditions like heat disease or asthma.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Poor air quality will increase the incidence of respiratory illnesses.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The intensity and frequency of storms will increase death and injury.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Higher temperatures will also lead to the growth of disease-carrying mosquitos and ticks, as well as food-borne pathogens.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“What this report shows is that we need to be discussing how to address the lingering effects on public health, our air and our food,” said Lara. Here are some of the details laid out. You can also read \u003ca href=\"https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/Public%20Health%20Climate%20Change%20LINKS_4%201126.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the full 80-page report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Heat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increases in temperatures have dramatic impacts on the health of the community. In the state’s nine most populous counties, from 1999 to 2003, rising temperatures increased the risk of hospitalization for heatstroke by 342 percent, for dehydration by 10.8 percent and for renal failure by 7.4 percent. There was also a 1.7 percent increase in mortality across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During heat waves those numbers can be higher. Studies tracking the 2006 heat wave found a 9 percent increase in mortality per 10-degree increase in temperature in the affected counties. That caused about 600 heat-related deaths over the two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High temperatures are also associated with pre-term birth. From 1999 to 2006, a 10-degree rise in temperature increased the risk of pre-term birth by 8.6 percent across 16 California counties, though that risk was higher for younger mothers and highest for African-American mothers (14.9 percent).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out that kidney stones are also more prevalent in hotter climates, because minerals build up under dehydration conditions. Projecting existing rates of kidney stones in nearby hot climates onto anticipated temperatures increases in California predicts that the state will see a 10.7 percent increase in risk of kidney stones by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air Quality\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is also known to affect air quality as concentration of ground-level ozone is stoked by heat and methane emissions, while fine particulate matter in the air (typically known as PM2.5) is a product of wildfire smoke, which is expected to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Air pollution in the San Joaquin Valley already contributes to 460 premature deaths each year and approximately 3,230 cases of acute bronchitis in children — with projections for those numbers rising as air pollution worsens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate models project “large” wildfires are expected to increase in number by 21 percent by 2034, and with wildfire smoke comes a well-documented higher rate of hospitalizations and respiratory illnesses. During the 2015 wildfire season statewide, for example, there was a 171 percent increase in the risk of a pulmonary embolism during the heavy smoke periods. And during the 2003 fall fire in Southern California, acute bronchitis hospital admissions increased on average by 67 percent. Even after the fires, admission rates for acute bronchitis and pneumonia still went up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever is also on the rise as the soil dries out and people are more apt to breathe in the fungus that leads to the illness. Valley fever includes coughing, fever, chest pains and, in the worst conditions, can result in meningitis. Valley fever rose 34 percent from 2016 to 2017, with the heavy majority of the cases in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Extreme Weather\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Droughts, floods and fires all have immediate health consequences. And there are documented increases in mental health issues, like PTSD, depression and suicidal thoughts. Disaster recovery is also known to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706264/study-people-of-color-and-low-income-residents-most-vulnerable-to-wildfire-impacts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hit vulnerable populations harder\u003c/a>, especially those without insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>But extreme weather events also have indirect health consequences. For example, in 1993 after several years of drought, a heavy rainfall in Tulare County led to an increase in Valley fever, because of the growth of fungus. The number of cases there spiked from an average of 450 annually to 1,208 cases that first year and over 4,000 cases the two following years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flooding and heavy rains also lead to contamination of water supplies, which has been shown to lead to an increase in gastrointestinal illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disease\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changing climate also affects how communities are exposed to infectious diseases and can increase the number of rodents or insects carrying pathogens — a trend that’s already already being seen. In 2007, there were 75 cases of Lyme disease reported statewide, while in 2016 there were 141 in just 33 counties. While climate was unlikely to be the sole driver of that increase, warming temperatures are expected to double the reproductive capacity of ticks, which carry Lyme disease, and peak tick activity is much longer in drier and warmer climates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Higher temperatures and drought also increase the number of mosquitoes and the transmission rates for West Nile virus. The recent drought led to the highest number of cases of West Nile virus in California, with 379 in 2013 alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural and urban run-off in extreme flooding and heavy rainfall leads to an increase in bacterial contamination, and warming of surface water causes new bacterial and viral pathogens to emerge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, scientific evidence has unequivocally shown that climate change is a reality,” concludes the report. “While opportunities to entirely prevent the effects of climate change have already passed, there is still a role for strong leadership in the public and private sectors to reduce the levels of projected damage and hardship…By building communities that are resilient to a changing environment, the most extreme effects of climate change may be minimized.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The New Abnormal: Climate Effects on the Fire Season Are Just Beginning",
"headTitle": "The New Abnormal: Climate Effects on the Fire Season Are Just Beginning | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke was back in Butte County this week, after blaming California’s horrific fire season on \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-california-fires-zinke-paradise-forest-trump-20181119-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“radical environmentalists,”\u003c/a> a stance he appeared to soften in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/26/opinions/wildfire-prevention-goes-hand-in-hand-with-creating-jobs-zinke/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent editorial\u003c/a> for CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his search for causes and solutions, Zinke does concede the “warm temperatures,” though he’s still reticent to utter the words “climate change” as a contributing factor. On a return visit to the ongoing Camp Fire recovery Monday, Zinke said he’d rather spend federal dollars on thinning forests and improving parks than on repeatedly rebuilding fire-ravaged towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year was California’s most destructive fire season — until this year. The Golden State is in the midst of what Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UCLA and the National Center for Atmospheric Research, calls “a multi-year fire siege.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s hard to point to climate change as the distinct cause of any individual fire, Swain calls it a “threat multiplier,” which means climate change has lead to conditions that make extreme fires more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s science editor Craig Miller and Swain joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101868240/how-climate-change-helped-create-californias-fire-siege\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> recently to talk about the impact of climate change on wildfires and what we can expect in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The New Abnormal\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the wake of Butte County’s Camp Fire, the most devastating on record in California, Gov. Jerry Brown decided to revise a common phrase he’s used before, that this is the “new normal.” Instead, “We’re in a new abnormal,” he said. “This new abnormal will continue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miller noted that this actually channels an ongoing conversation happening at KQED about using the phrase, “the new normal.” That phrase, he said, “misses the point.” There is no normal when it comes to climate change, or rather we don’t know what the normal is when we try to plan. It’s not just a steady move toward hotter and drier, but rather wild swings in all directions, creating more intense and changing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask the Right Questions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Are these fires definitely a result of climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain says that’s not the right question. Generally, it never makes sense to attribute a single cause to complex natural events. “It’s a really hard thing to do from a scientific perspective,” he said. Multiple factors lead to a particular fire at a specific time and location. The broader question is: are wildfire disasters of this magnitude significantly more likely due to the fact that the climate is changing? “The answer to that is definitely yes,” said Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This risk-based approach makes more sense for how we frame these issues and how we plan for disasters — by asking what is the likelihood of increasing dangerous conditions? And that likelihood is absolutely going up, according to Swain and most other scientists who have studied the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Longer Fire Season, Shorter Rainy Season\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Although autumn precipitation in California tends not to be a large portion of the overall amount of rain in a given year, it has an out-sized influence on fire season, said Swain. Early-season rain, at the end of a hot, dry summer, is “really consequential from a wildfire and an ecological perspective,” he said. Even just one or two inches moistens the soil column and lets the dry vegetation recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rain usually marks the end of fire season and this year, almost up to Thanksgiving, as the Camp and Woolsey Fires were raging north and south, that fire-season ending rain had yet to fall anywhere in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s really, really late,” said Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is an emerging trend toward drier autumns throughout the state, which Swain expects to continue. He expects, in the future, to see a further contraction of the rainy season, not necessarily less rain overall, but longer dry conditions into fall and dry conditions beginning earlier in the spring, essentially “burning the candle at both ends,” as he put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason autumn precipitation is important is because offshore winds peak late in autumn (not just the legendary Santa Ana winds of Southern California, but all up and down the state). If the rainy season comes later and later, with months of drying time, peak fire season could shift to later in the year, when these strong winds occur. Both the Camp Fire and the Woolsey Fire were driven by strong winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California’s Getting Warmer and Drier\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As the climate warms, it has a profound effect on how much moisture is in the vegetation. There’s something called the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapour-pressure_deficit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vapor pressure deficit\u003c/a>, which is the propensity of warmer atmospheres to suck water out of living plants. This increases exponentially even as temperatures go up in linear fashion. That means even a few degrees increase in the temperature can make the vegetation much drier and more susceptible to fire, particularly if the dry vegetation coincides with a longer warmer fire season and the strong late-autumn winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these factors combine to increase the chances of dangerous fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Is There Hope?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The California’s recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> projected that, if greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, the state could see large fires increase by half and the total acreage burned increase by about 77%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already starting to see this play out right in front of us,” said Miller. Swain took that pessimistic prediction a step further, noting the current fire situation is merely a hint of what’s to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re only just beginning this trend towards longer fire seasons, more severe fire seasons, hotter summers, wilder precipitation whiplash,” said Swain, the last a reference to seasons that whipsaw from wet to dry, or vice versa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also a large number of people who have moved into areas that are at risk. Across the U.S., said Miller, there are 100 million people living in what’s known as the wildland-urban-interface — areas just like Paradise that exist on the edges of rural forests and remote wildland. This means there are more people than ever before in harm’s way, setting the stage for more catastrophic fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news, said Miller, is there are some technologies that could help in the future: remote stationary sensors that can observe conditions, drones that can monitor potential danger and pinpoint where we’re likely to have outbreaks, even nontoxic gels that can be applied to vegetation in advance of a fire to act as a retardant.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke was back in Butte County this week, after blaming California’s horrific fire season on \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-california-fires-zinke-paradise-forest-trump-20181119-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“radical environmentalists,”\u003c/a> a stance he appeared to soften in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/26/opinions/wildfire-prevention-goes-hand-in-hand-with-creating-jobs-zinke/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent editorial\u003c/a> for CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his search for causes and solutions, Zinke does concede the “warm temperatures,” though he’s still reticent to utter the words “climate change” as a contributing factor. On a return visit to the ongoing Camp Fire recovery Monday, Zinke said he’d rather spend federal dollars on thinning forests and improving parks than on repeatedly rebuilding fire-ravaged towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year was California’s most destructive fire season — until this year. The Golden State is in the midst of what Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UCLA and the National Center for Atmospheric Research, calls “a multi-year fire siege.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s hard to point to climate change as the distinct cause of any individual fire, Swain calls it a “threat multiplier,” which means climate change has lead to conditions that make extreme fires more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s science editor Craig Miller and Swain joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101868240/how-climate-change-helped-create-californias-fire-siege\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> recently to talk about the impact of climate change on wildfires and what we can expect in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The New Abnormal\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the wake of Butte County’s Camp Fire, the most devastating on record in California, Gov. Jerry Brown decided to revise a common phrase he’s used before, that this is the “new normal.” Instead, “We’re in a new abnormal,” he said. “This new abnormal will continue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miller noted that this actually channels an ongoing conversation happening at KQED about using the phrase, “the new normal.” That phrase, he said, “misses the point.” There is no normal when it comes to climate change, or rather we don’t know what the normal is when we try to plan. It’s not just a steady move toward hotter and drier, but rather wild swings in all directions, creating more intense and changing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask the Right Questions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Are these fires definitely a result of climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain says that’s not the right question. Generally, it never makes sense to attribute a single cause to complex natural events. “It’s a really hard thing to do from a scientific perspective,” he said. Multiple factors lead to a particular fire at a specific time and location. The broader question is: are wildfire disasters of this magnitude significantly more likely due to the fact that the climate is changing? “The answer to that is definitely yes,” said Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This risk-based approach makes more sense for how we frame these issues and how we plan for disasters — by asking what is the likelihood of increasing dangerous conditions? And that likelihood is absolutely going up, according to Swain and most other scientists who have studied the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Longer Fire Season, Shorter Rainy Season\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Although autumn precipitation in California tends not to be a large portion of the overall amount of rain in a given year, it has an out-sized influence on fire season, said Swain. Early-season rain, at the end of a hot, dry summer, is “really consequential from a wildfire and an ecological perspective,” he said. Even just one or two inches moistens the soil column and lets the dry vegetation recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rain usually marks the end of fire season and this year, almost up to Thanksgiving, as the Camp and Woolsey Fires were raging north and south, that fire-season ending rain had yet to fall anywhere in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s really, really late,” said Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is an emerging trend toward drier autumns throughout the state, which Swain expects to continue. He expects, in the future, to see a further contraction of the rainy season, not necessarily less rain overall, but longer dry conditions into fall and dry conditions beginning earlier in the spring, essentially “burning the candle at both ends,” as he put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason autumn precipitation is important is because offshore winds peak late in autumn (not just the legendary Santa Ana winds of Southern California, but all up and down the state). If the rainy season comes later and later, with months of drying time, peak fire season could shift to later in the year, when these strong winds occur. Both the Camp Fire and the Woolsey Fire were driven by strong winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California’s Getting Warmer and Drier\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As the climate warms, it has a profound effect on how much moisture is in the vegetation. There’s something called the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapour-pressure_deficit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vapor pressure deficit\u003c/a>, which is the propensity of warmer atmospheres to suck water out of living plants. This increases exponentially even as temperatures go up in linear fashion. That means even a few degrees increase in the temperature can make the vegetation much drier and more susceptible to fire, particularly if the dry vegetation coincides with a longer warmer fire season and the strong late-autumn winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these factors combine to increase the chances of dangerous fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Is There Hope?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The California’s recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateassessment.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> projected that, if greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, the state could see large fires increase by half and the total acreage burned increase by about 77%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already starting to see this play out right in front of us,” said Miller. Swain took that pessimistic prediction a step further, noting the current fire situation is merely a hint of what’s to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re only just beginning this trend towards longer fire seasons, more severe fire seasons, hotter summers, wilder precipitation whiplash,” said Swain, the last a reference to seasons that whipsaw from wet to dry, or vice versa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also a large number of people who have moved into areas that are at risk. Across the U.S., said Miller, there are 100 million people living in what’s known as the wildland-urban-interface — areas just like Paradise that exist on the edges of rural forests and remote wildland. This means there are more people than ever before in harm’s way, setting the stage for more catastrophic fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news, said Miller, is there are some technologies that could help in the future: remote stationary sensors that can observe conditions, drones that can monitor potential danger and pinpoint where we’re likely to have outbreaks, even nontoxic gels that can be applied to vegetation in advance of a fire to act as a retardant.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Butte County Town Attempts to Save Salmon From Wildfire Devastation",
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"content": "\u003cp>Despite being evacuated nearly two weeks ago from their homes in the wake of spreading wildfires, residents of the town of Butte Creek Canyon — a few miles east of Chico — plan to join forces Wednesday to save the local salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals are very proud of these fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Butte Creek spring-run salmon are one of the only remaining populations of wild spring-run salmon left in California,” says Allen Harthorn, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.buttecreek.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Friends of Butte Creek\u003c/a>, an organization that works to protect the fish, which were once near extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Salmon Spawn Day 2\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QHRkAav97hY?start=236&feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the fish face a new danger, as rains threaten to wash toxic debris from the nearby wildfires into the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ash and toxic components in the runoff could just saturate the creek, fill it up with sediment and wipe out this entire year class of spring-run salmon,” said Harthorn, who spoke from a friend’s home in Chico 12 days into his evacuation from Butte Creek Canyon. He said around 100 homes had been destroyed in his town, though his house escaped the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the spawning season recently over, the problem is particularly acute for newborn fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1934719\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 401px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1934719 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster.jpg\" alt=\"A fish swims in a blue-green pool.\" width=\"401\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster.jpg 401w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-240x360.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-375x562.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Butte Creek. \u003ccite>(Friends of Butte Creek)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The juvenile salmon at this point are at a very critical stage,” said Harthorn. “The adult fish finish spawning about the middle of October. So all of those eggs were in the gravel. They’ve probably started emerging from the gravel in the last week or so, out swimming around in the creek.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a callout on The Friends of the Butte Creek’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/2154531704866179/?active_tab=discussion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook page, \u003c/a>Harthorn said around 50 volunteers planned to spend Wednesday laying down 800 long rolls of straw, called “wattles,” near burned-out residences and streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to ease the flow of the creek and capture the debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1934715\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 794px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1934715\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon.png\" alt=\"Butte Creek salmon.\" width=\"794\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon.png 794w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-160x121.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-768x580.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-240x181.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-375x283.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-520x393.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Butte Creek salmon. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Friends of Butte Creek)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The straw wattles will slow down the movement of the water and allow it to seep in as well as capture the ash and potentially other toxic components,” Harthorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task ahead is huge. And Harthorn is also worried about the run-off flowing in from other nearby places destroyed by fire, particularly Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfortunate thing is that Butte Creek meets up with all the tributaries that come off Paradise out in the valley,” Harthorn said. “And all those tributaries are going to be carrying all the runoff from Paradise, which has 5 to 10 times the volume of material and destruction that the Canyon had. So it’s going to be a lot worse. There is a huge effort out there to protect the water quality. But it’s going to be a massive job.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Recently brought back from the brink of extinction, these fish are now facing a new danger, as rains threaten to wash toxic debris from the nearby wildfires into Butte creek.\r\n\r\n",
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"description": "Recently brought back from the brink of extinction, these fish are now facing a new danger, as rains threaten to wash toxic debris from the nearby wildfires into Butte creek.\r\n\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Despite being evacuated nearly two weeks ago from their homes in the wake of spreading wildfires, residents of the town of Butte Creek Canyon — a few miles east of Chico — plan to join forces Wednesday to save the local salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals are very proud of these fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Butte Creek spring-run salmon are one of the only remaining populations of wild spring-run salmon left in California,” says Allen Harthorn, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.buttecreek.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Friends of Butte Creek\u003c/a>, an organization that works to protect the fish, which were once near extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Salmon Spawn Day 2\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QHRkAav97hY?start=236&feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the fish face a new danger, as rains threaten to wash toxic debris from the nearby wildfires into the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ash and toxic components in the runoff could just saturate the creek, fill it up with sediment and wipe out this entire year class of spring-run salmon,” said Harthorn, who spoke from a friend’s home in Chico 12 days into his evacuation from Butte Creek Canyon. He said around 100 homes had been destroyed in his town, though his house escaped the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the spawning season recently over, the problem is particularly acute for newborn fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1934719\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 401px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1934719 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster.jpg\" alt=\"A fish swims in a blue-green pool.\" width=\"401\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster.jpg 401w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-240x360.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/poster-375x562.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Butte Creek. \u003ccite>(Friends of Butte Creek)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The juvenile salmon at this point are at a very critical stage,” said Harthorn. “The adult fish finish spawning about the middle of October. So all of those eggs were in the gravel. They’ve probably started emerging from the gravel in the last week or so, out swimming around in the creek.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a callout on The Friends of the Butte Creek’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/2154531704866179/?active_tab=discussion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook page, \u003c/a>Harthorn said around 50 volunteers planned to spend Wednesday laying down 800 long rolls of straw, called “wattles,” near burned-out residences and streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to ease the flow of the creek and capture the debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1934715\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 794px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1934715\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon.png\" alt=\"Butte Creek salmon.\" width=\"794\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon.png 794w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-160x121.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-768x580.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-240x181.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-375x283.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/Butte-Creek-salmon-520x393.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Butte Creek salmon. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Friends of Butte Creek)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The straw wattles will slow down the movement of the water and allow it to seep in as well as capture the ash and potentially other toxic components,” Harthorn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task ahead is huge. And Harthorn is also worried about the run-off flowing in from other nearby places destroyed by fire, particularly Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfortunate thing is that Butte Creek meets up with all the tributaries that come off Paradise out in the valley,” Harthorn said. “And all those tributaries are going to be carrying all the runoff from Paradise, which has 5 to 10 times the volume of material and destruction that the Canyon had. So it’s going to be a lot worse. There is a huge effort out there to protect the water quality. But it’s going to be a massive job.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Rapid DNA Analysis Used to Help ID Camp Fire Victims",
"headTitle": "Rapid DNA Analysis Used to Help ID Camp Fire Victims | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — Authorities are using a powerful tool in their effort to identify the scores of people killed by the wildfire that ripped through Northern California: rapid DNA testing that produces results in just two hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system can analyze DNA from bone fragments or other remains, then match it to genetic material provided by relatives of the missing. But the technology depends on people coming forward to give a DNA sample via a cheek swab, and so far, there are not nearly as many volunteers as authorities had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This is the one way I could contribute to helping find my uncle.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday, nearly two weeks after the inferno devastated the town of Paradise and surrounding areas, the number of confirmed dead stood at 79, and the sheriff’s list of those unaccounted for had about 700 names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But only about 60 people had provided samples to pop-up labs at the Butte County Sheriff’s office in Oroville and an old Sears building in Chico, where the Federal Emergency Management Agency set up a disaster relief center, said Annette Mattern, a spokeswoman for ANDE, the Longmont, Colorado, company that is donating the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need hundreds,” Mattern said. “We need a big enough sample for us to make a positive ID on these and to also give a better idea of how many losses there actually are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Confusion and conflicting information, the inability of relatives to travel to Northern California and mistrust of the government may be contributing to the low number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Quinones hadn’t heard anything from her uncle, David Marbury, for eight days before she drove north from the San Francisco Bay Area to give a sample Friday. A worker used a small tool to scrape her cheek, took three swabs of skin and asked her detailed questions about who she was looking for and their relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncle’s landlord confirmed his house burned down with his vehicle still in the garage, but Quinones had no idea if any remains were found. Marbury’s name keeps going on and off the ever-changing list of the missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did it just to be proactive,” Quinones said Monday. “This is the one way I could contribute to helping find my uncle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those who have given DNA came forward, like Quinones, after learning about the identification effort in their desperate search for a loved one, others after the sheriff’s office called to say that remains that probably belonged to a family member had been found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattern declined to say Tuesday how many victims ANDE’s technology has helped identify. Sheriff Kory Honea’s office did not immediately respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 70 percent contained Tuesday. Rain in the forecast for Wednesday through Thanksgiving weekend could aid in fighting the fire but could also bring flash floods and complicate efforts to recover remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once DNA is extracted from the remains, it is placed in a vial that goes into a black machine that looks like a bulky computer printer. It takes just two hours to process the material and get a DNA profile; traditional methods can take days or weeks. If a relative’s DNA is already in the system, a match will pop up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattern said it has been surprisingly easy to get DNA from remains, despite the devastating damage done by the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in with pretty measured expectations, we didn’t know what we were walking into,” she said. “We have a tremendous database now of the victims of the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruth Dickover, director of the forensic science graduate program at the University of California-Davis, said that scientists have long been able to extract DNA from bone — a process that involves pulverizing the bone — but things can become more complicated if the remains of multiple people are mixed together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s left may not give you a nice beautiful profile,” she said.\u003cbr>\nANDE won a contract in 2009 to do research and development for federal agencies, and the company’s technology has been used in pilot programs for several years. Over the summer, it won FBI approval for use in accredited labs. Law enforcement agencies in Utah, New York and Miami have used the technology, as has the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first time ANDE has helped identify victims after a natural disaster. The company has donated seven machines and about a dozen workers to the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Warren drove an hour and a half from Redding on Monday to report her uncle, Devan Ruel, as missing. The sheriff’s office gave her a number to call about missing people, and when she called, she was told authorities would contact her if they needed her DNA, she said.\u003cbr>\nShe said no one told her about the collection desk at the old Sears, so she returned home without providing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could have done that so easily, just to be safe,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warren hadn’t talked to Ruel in about eight years and said the family did not have an address for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was just an off-the-grid type of guy,” she said. “If he did perish that way it would be horrific. 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"excerpt": "With hundreds still missing, Butte County is searching for the quickest way to identify remains found in the devastating Camp Fire. Authorities hope more DNA volunteers will come forward.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — Authorities are using a powerful tool in their effort to identify the scores of people killed by the wildfire that ripped through Northern California: rapid DNA testing that produces results in just two hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system can analyze DNA from bone fragments or other remains, then match it to genetic material provided by relatives of the missing. But the technology depends on people coming forward to give a DNA sample via a cheek swab, and so far, there are not nearly as many volunteers as authorities had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This is the one way I could contribute to helping find my uncle.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday, nearly two weeks after the inferno devastated the town of Paradise and surrounding areas, the number of confirmed dead stood at 79, and the sheriff’s list of those unaccounted for had about 700 names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But only about 60 people had provided samples to pop-up labs at the Butte County Sheriff’s office in Oroville and an old Sears building in Chico, where the Federal Emergency Management Agency set up a disaster relief center, said Annette Mattern, a spokeswoman for ANDE, the Longmont, Colorado, company that is donating the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need hundreds,” Mattern said. “We need a big enough sample for us to make a positive ID on these and to also give a better idea of how many losses there actually are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Confusion and conflicting information, the inability of relatives to travel to Northern California and mistrust of the government may be contributing to the low number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Quinones hadn’t heard anything from her uncle, David Marbury, for eight days before she drove north from the San Francisco Bay Area to give a sample Friday. A worker used a small tool to scrape her cheek, took three swabs of skin and asked her detailed questions about who she was looking for and their relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncle’s landlord confirmed his house burned down with his vehicle still in the garage, but Quinones had no idea if any remains were found. Marbury’s name keeps going on and off the ever-changing list of the missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did it just to be proactive,” Quinones said Monday. “This is the one way I could contribute to helping find my uncle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those who have given DNA came forward, like Quinones, after learning about the identification effort in their desperate search for a loved one, others after the sheriff’s office called to say that remains that probably belonged to a family member had been found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattern declined to say Tuesday how many victims ANDE’s technology has helped identify. Sheriff Kory Honea’s office did not immediately respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 70 percent contained Tuesday. Rain in the forecast for Wednesday through Thanksgiving weekend could aid in fighting the fire but could also bring flash floods and complicate efforts to recover remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once DNA is extracted from the remains, it is placed in a vial that goes into a black machine that looks like a bulky computer printer. It takes just two hours to process the material and get a DNA profile; traditional methods can take days or weeks. If a relative’s DNA is already in the system, a match will pop up right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattern said it has been surprisingly easy to get DNA from remains, despite the devastating damage done by the flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in with pretty measured expectations, we didn’t know what we were walking into,” she said. “We have a tremendous database now of the victims of the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruth Dickover, director of the forensic science graduate program at the University of California-Davis, said that scientists have long been able to extract DNA from bone — a process that involves pulverizing the bone — but things can become more complicated if the remains of multiple people are mixed together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s left may not give you a nice beautiful profile,” she said.\u003cbr>\nANDE won a contract in 2009 to do research and development for federal agencies, and the company’s technology has been used in pilot programs for several years. Over the summer, it won FBI approval for use in accredited labs. Law enforcement agencies in Utah, New York and Miami have used the technology, as has the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first time ANDE has helped identify victims after a natural disaster. The company has donated seven machines and about a dozen workers to the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Warren drove an hour and a half from Redding on Monday to report her uncle, Devan Ruel, as missing. The sheriff’s office gave her a number to call about missing people, and when she called, she was told authorities would contact her if they needed her DNA, she said.\u003cbr>\nShe said no one told her about the collection desk at the old Sears, so she returned home without providing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could have done that so easily, just to be safe,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warren hadn’t talked to Ruel in about eight years and said the family did not have an address for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was just an off-the-grid type of guy,” she said. “If he did perish that way it would be horrific. It deeply, deeply saddens me to even consider that being a possibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattern said the sheriff’s office is looking for a way to make it easier for families who don’t live in Northern California to provide samples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in hopes of easing fears that the DNA will be misused, the sheriff’s office and the company gave assurances it will be deleted once it is no longer needed.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "No, The Rain Isn't 'Toxic.' But Here's What to Do When the Smoke Clears",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Area residents will soon breathe a healthy sigh of relief. Rain is forecast to start washing away the region’s toxic air as early as tonight. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The National Weather Service predicts \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rain and southerly gusts for the Bay area through Friday evening. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air quality experts are \u003cem>not\u003c/em> predicting a toxic deluge, as some have suggested on \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%22toxic%20rain%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Although Paradise experienced a large wildfire, that’s not enough smoke to cause acid rain,” says Dar Mims, meteorologist for the California Air Resources Board. \u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As the winds and rain start to arrive you’re going to wash out the pollution. We will end up with a clean environment after this storm.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We will end up with a clean environment after this storm.’\u003ccite>California Air Resources Board\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mims also says the Bay Area’s current haze is much less toxic than in previous days because the most hazardous material from homes and commercial landscapes burnt in the initial days of the Camp fire. The remaining smoke likely emanates from vegetative matter such as smoldering tree trunks, which Mims says is not as bad for human health. He does acknowledge, however, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">that\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> it’s difficult to assess exactly what kind of particles are carried in wildfire smoke.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all in unchartered territory,” says Mims. “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We have never had a smoke event like this. Usually, the rain would have arrived by this time of year\u003c/span>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gina Solomon, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a physician and air quality expert at UC San Francisco, agrees that residents should not worry about a noxious torrent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The first rain will react with the acidic particles and create an acidic and slightly oily mixture on outdoor surfaces, which will be somewhat corrosive and irritating,” says Solomon. “I wouldn’t call the mixture terribly toxic to humans, but it’s best to avoid ingesting it or getting it on your skin until enough rain has fallen to dilute the mixture.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solomon roughly estimates that a half-inch or more of local precipitation would likely be enough water to safely dilute the mixture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Precautions to Take Once the Rain Arrives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To err on the side of caution\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon suggests \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">washing out birdbaths and pet dishes thoroughly. If the rains are lighter than expected\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon advises rinsing outdoor furniture with a little soap and water. This is likely not necessary if the storm is a soaker. Either way, it’s probably a good idea to wash cars to prevent potential corrosion. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you have little ones\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon says playgrounds and outdoor play is likely safe, but she does recommend washing children’s hands diligently after any time outside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inside the home, Solomon recommends vacuuming carpets, mopping floors, wiping down hard surfaces with a damp cloth, and then opening the windows to air out the house once it starts raining. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Check and replace the filters in your central air system,” recommends Jeff Williams, an air pollution specialist for the California Air Resources Board. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Williams advises wearing respiratory protection like an \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/n95list1.html\">N95 mask\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> if you’re cleaning an area with a noticeable odor or an area that has visible ash, though he says the risk of toxic exposure is pretty minimal. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until the first drops arrive, Williams advises residents in the Bay Area continue to stay primarily inside and continue running indoor air filters. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Air pollution experts say the thick wildfire smoke will not lead to toxic rain, as some on social media have suggested. But there are steps you can take when the air finally clears to protect your health. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Area residents will soon breathe a healthy sigh of relief. Rain is forecast to start washing away the region’s toxic air as early as tonight. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The National Weather Service predicts \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rain and southerly gusts for the Bay area through Friday evening. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air quality experts are \u003cem>not\u003c/em> predicting a toxic deluge, as some have suggested on \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%22toxic%20rain%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Although Paradise experienced a large wildfire, that’s not enough smoke to cause acid rain,” says Dar Mims, meteorologist for the California Air Resources Board. \u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As the winds and rain start to arrive you’re going to wash out the pollution. We will end up with a clean environment after this storm.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We will end up with a clean environment after this storm.’\u003ccite>California Air Resources Board\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mims also says the Bay Area’s current haze is much less toxic than in previous days because the most hazardous material from homes and commercial landscapes burnt in the initial days of the Camp fire. The remaining smoke likely emanates from vegetative matter such as smoldering tree trunks, which Mims says is not as bad for human health. He does acknowledge, however, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">that\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> it’s difficult to assess exactly what kind of particles are carried in wildfire smoke.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all in unchartered territory,” says Mims. “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We have never had a smoke event like this. Usually, the rain would have arrived by this time of year\u003c/span>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gina Solomon, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a physician and air quality expert at UC San Francisco, agrees that residents should not worry about a noxious torrent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The first rain will react with the acidic particles and create an acidic and slightly oily mixture on outdoor surfaces, which will be somewhat corrosive and irritating,” says Solomon. “I wouldn’t call the mixture terribly toxic to humans, but it’s best to avoid ingesting it or getting it on your skin until enough rain has fallen to dilute the mixture.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solomon roughly estimates that a half-inch or more of local precipitation would likely be enough water to safely dilute the mixture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Precautions to Take Once the Rain Arrives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To err on the side of caution\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon suggests \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">washing out birdbaths and pet dishes thoroughly. If the rains are lighter than expected\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon advises rinsing outdoor furniture with a little soap and water. This is likely not necessary if the storm is a soaker. Either way, it’s probably a good idea to wash cars to prevent potential corrosion. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you have little ones\u003c/span>,\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solomon says playgrounds and outdoor play is likely safe, but she does recommend washing children’s hands diligently after any time outside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inside the home, Solomon recommends vacuuming carpets, mopping floors, wiping down hard surfaces with a damp cloth, and then opening the windows to air out the house once it starts raining. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Check and replace the filters in your central air system,” recommends Jeff Williams, an air pollution specialist for the California Air Resources Board. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Williams advises wearing respiratory protection like an \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/n95list1.html\">N95 mask\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> if you’re cleaning an area with a noticeable odor or an area that has visible ash, though he says the risk of toxic exposure is pretty minimal. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until the first drops arrive, Williams advises residents in the Bay Area continue to stay primarily inside and continue running indoor air filters. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"order": 9
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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