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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area has gotten well and truly soaked this year, with some cities near or already surpassing their average rainfall for the entire water year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Kari Nadeau, Stanford University']‘I’ve seen a lot more people come in with very severe symptoms. People calling me in the middle of the night just saying they can’t stop sneezing, and they can’t stop coughing and having mucus congestion. That is different than 10 years ago.’[/pullquote]But what’s good for our water supply can be a pain in the ear, nose and throat for allergy sufferers. All that rain means more plants growing, which also means more pollen, the fine powder produced by plants’ reproductive organs, called the stamen. Pollen is the cause of most seasonal allergies, and the pollen count indicates how much of it is floating around in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This pollen season was particularly bad because it rained so heavily and abruptly stopped, and everything pollinated,” said Dr. Michelle Huffaker, of the Allergy and Asthma Medical Group of the Bay Area. “We experienced an overlap between trees and grasses, with really high burdens of pollen each. That was particularly bad for folks’ symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aaaai.org/about-aaaai/newsroom/allergy-statistics\">7.8% of U.S. adults\u003c/a> that suffer from hay fever, that means sneezing, congestion, watery eyes and general discomfort, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, not to mention legions of sneezing, congested, watery-eyed and generally discomforted sufferers.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=”science_1940604,science_1930023″ label=”Bay Area Pollen Forecast”[/aside]Daniel Mackey, 56, a resident of San Francisco, has struggled with pollen allergies for 20 years. “I’ve never suffered as badly as I did this year,” Mackey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ordinarily, he buys loads of antihistamine when his allergies act up, typically in April. That’s usually enough to keep his symptoms at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year has been far more difficult,” he said. “It just makes your life unmanageable. It does seem to be getting increasingly worse each year, but this year was particularly bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children with difficult-to-control asthma or people that don’t have access to inhalers, medication and other treatment, a bad reaction could mean a trip to the intensive care unit. Although rare, the most dire allergy attacks can be life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is Global Warming Making Your Allergies Worse?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the long-term outlook: Pollen season is starting earlier and lasting longer. That alone could spell trouble for allergy sufferers. But in addition, plants are producing more pollen, so not only is the season lengthening, it’s also more severe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason for this unwelcome shift is that climate change is pushing temperatures higher, according to researcher Lewis Ziska, a plant physiologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bottom line, there is a clear effect of temperature increasing the length of the season but also increasing the intensity,” Ziska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The negative trend in pollen would seem to extend well beyond the Bay Area, according to a recently published \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">retrospective\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">study\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">in\u003c/a> \u003cem>Lancet Planet Health. \u003c/em>The study, on which Ziska was the lead author, analyzed at least 20 years of pollen data from 17 locations across the Northern Hemisphere. Twelve of the 17 areas experienced increases in annual pollen count, and 11 of 17 endured a longer season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a 2014 study \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0111712\">published\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>PLOS On\u003c/em>e suggested that elevated levels of carbon dioxide can increase the amount of pollen some plants produce, by as much as 50% per flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers, from Harvard and the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, estimated that grass pollen, the scourge of many Bay Area allergy suffers, will increase by up to 200%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are concerned about the future; if we consistently see temperature changes, that [is] going to mean enormous consequences in terms of allergy season and for people’s health,” Ziska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That future may have already begun, according to Dr. Kari Nadeau, director of the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see both adults and kids,” Nadeau said. “I’ve seen a lot more people come in with very severe symptoms. People calling me in the middle of the night just saying they can’t stop sneezing, and they can’t stop coughing and having mucus congestion. That is different than 10 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Spikes Througout the Year\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area experiences three pollen spikes throughout the year, says Nadeau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juniper bushes and cypress, cedar and other trees release pollen beginning in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollen from annual grasses increases in April and into June, followed by a surge in summer weed pollen\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>While the ragweed pollen count jumps during the fall months on the East Coast, it’s not as much of a problem in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadeau added that experts typically know the contours of allergy season, with some variation each year. But even that’s changing. “The problem is there’s more and more of these plants that are now secreting these pollen,” Nadeau said.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSan Francisco resident Mackey said his allergies have put a crimp in what is normally an upbeat time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the advent of spring, normally people are happy,” he said. “For me, it’s a trial for a few weeks. It’s one of those things that you have to experience to know how debilitating it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can find resources for dealing with hay fever and information about allergies at the \u003c/em>\u003cem>American\u003c/em> \u003cem>Academy\u003c/em> \u003cem>of\u003c/em> \u003cem>Allergy\u003c/em>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003cem>Asthma\u003c/em> \u003cem>and\u003c/em> \u003cem>Immunology’s\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003ca href=\"https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/Virtual-Allergist\">virtual allergist\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://acaai.org/allergies/types/hay-fever-rhinitis\">web site\u003c/a> of the \u003c/em>\u003cem>American\u003c/em> \u003cem>College\u003c/em> \u003cem>of\u003c/em> \u003cem>Allergy,\u003c/em> \u003cem>Asthma,\u003c/em> \u003cem>and\u003c/em> \u003cem>Immunology\u003c/em>\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But what’s good for our water supply can be a pain in the ear, nose and throat for allergy sufferers. All that rain means more plants growing, which also means more pollen, the fine powder produced by plants’ reproductive organs, called the stamen. Pollen is the cause of most seasonal allergies, and the pollen count indicates how much of it is floating around in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This pollen season was particularly bad because it rained so heavily and abruptly stopped, and everything pollinated,” said Dr. Michelle Huffaker, of the Allergy and Asthma Medical Group of the Bay Area. “We experienced an overlap between trees and grasses, with really high burdens of pollen each. That was particularly bad for folks’ symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aaaai.org/about-aaaai/newsroom/allergy-statistics\">7.8% of U.S. adults\u003c/a> that suffer from hay fever, that means sneezing, congestion, watery eyes and general discomfort, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, not to mention legions of sneezing, congested, watery-eyed and generally discomforted sufferers.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Daniel Mackey, 56, a resident of San Francisco, has struggled with pollen allergies for 20 years. “I’ve never suffered as badly as I did this year,” Mackey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ordinarily, he buys loads of antihistamine when his allergies act up, typically in April. That’s usually enough to keep his symptoms at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year has been far more difficult,” he said. “It just makes your life unmanageable. It does seem to be getting increasingly worse each year, but this year was particularly bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children with difficult-to-control asthma or people that don’t have access to inhalers, medication and other treatment, a bad reaction could mean a trip to the intensive care unit. Although rare, the most dire allergy attacks can be life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is Global Warming Making Your Allergies Worse?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the long-term outlook: Pollen season is starting earlier and lasting longer. That alone could spell trouble for allergy sufferers. But in addition, plants are producing more pollen, so not only is the season lengthening, it’s also more severe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason for this unwelcome shift is that climate change is pushing temperatures higher, according to researcher Lewis Ziska, a plant physiologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bottom line, there is a clear effect of temperature increasing the length of the season but also increasing the intensity,” Ziska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The negative trend in pollen would seem to extend well beyond the Bay Area, according to a recently published \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">retrospective\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">study\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30904111\">in\u003c/a> \u003cem>Lancet Planet Health. \u003c/em>The study, on which Ziska was the lead author, analyzed at least 20 years of pollen data from 17 locations across the Northern Hemisphere. Twelve of the 17 areas experienced increases in annual pollen count, and 11 of 17 endured a longer season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a 2014 study \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0111712\">published\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>PLOS On\u003c/em>e suggested that elevated levels of carbon dioxide can increase the amount of pollen some plants produce, by as much as 50% per flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers, from Harvard and the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, estimated that grass pollen, the scourge of many Bay Area allergy suffers, will increase by up to 200%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are concerned about the future; if we consistently see temperature changes, that [is] going to mean enormous consequences in terms of allergy season and for people’s health,” Ziska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That future may have already begun, according to Dr. Kari Nadeau, director of the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see both adults and kids,” Nadeau said. “I’ve seen a lot more people come in with very severe symptoms. People calling me in the middle of the night just saying they can’t stop sneezing, and they can’t stop coughing and having mucus congestion. That is different than 10 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Spikes Througout the Year\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area experiences three pollen spikes throughout the year, says Nadeau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juniper bushes and cypress, cedar and other trees release pollen beginning in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollen from annual grasses increases in April and into June, followed by a surge in summer weed pollen\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>While the ragweed pollen count jumps during the fall months on the East Coast, it’s not as much of a problem in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadeau added that experts typically know the contours of allergy season, with some variation each year. But even that’s changing. “The problem is there’s more and more of these plants that are now secreting these pollen,” Nadeau said.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSan Francisco resident Mackey said his allergies have put a crimp in what is normally an upbeat time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the advent of spring, normally people are happy,” he said. “For me, it’s a trial for a few weeks. It’s one of those things that you have to experience to know how debilitating it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can find resources for dealing with hay fever and information about allergies at the \u003c/em>\u003cem>American\u003c/em> \u003cem>Academy\u003c/em> \u003cem>of\u003c/em> \u003cem>Allergy\u003c/em>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003cem>Asthma\u003c/em> \u003cem>and\u003c/em> \u003cem>Immunology’s\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003ca href=\"https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/Virtual-Allergist\">virtual allergist\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://acaai.org/allergies/types/hay-fever-rhinitis\">web site\u003c/a> of the \u003c/em>\u003cem>American\u003c/em> \u003cem>College\u003c/em> \u003cem>of\u003c/em> \u003cem>Allergy,\u003c/em> \u003cem>Asthma,\u003c/em> \u003cem>and\u003c/em> \u003cem>Immunology\u003c/em>\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The battle over Shasta Dam is escalating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, California’s attorney general and several fishing and conservation groups filed separate lawsuits to stop a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1937108/shasta-dam-project-sets-up-another-trump-california-showdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">controversial project\u003c/a> to elevate the dam and expand the state’s largest reservoir, near Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This project is unlawful,” wrote Attorney General Xavier Becerra in a statement announcing the state’s lawsuit. “It would create significant environmental and cultural impacts for the communities and habitats surrounding the Shasta Dam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n\u003cp>But the plaintiffs’ primary leverage point might be the McCloud River, the most \u003ca href=\"https://activenorcal.com/fishing-the-mccloud-river-famous-fish-in-a-special-setting/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legendary trout stream\u003c/a> in California, and protected under \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/aquapedia/california-wild-and-scenic-rivers-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Wild & Scenic Rivers Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also one of several rivers feeding Shasta Lake, the shoreline of which would expand if the federal Bureau of Reclamation proceeds with its \u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/ncao/shasta-enlargement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plan to add 18 feet\u003c/a> to the top of Shasta Dam. The Bureau estimates the expansion would add 630,000 acre-feet of water to the capacity of the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companion suit to the state’s was filed by a coalition of Friends of the River, Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations, Institute for Fisheries Resources, Natural Resources Defense Council, Defenders of Wildlife, the Sierra Club and the Golden Gate Salmon Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Westlands Targeted\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike multiple \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-california-trump-environmental-lawsuits-20190507-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental lawsuits\u003c/a> filed by California since Donald Trump took office, this one doesn’t target the administration. Instead, both suits are aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://wwd.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Westlands Water District\u003c/a>, a Fresno-based irrigation district and a major player in Central Valley water politics. Westlands wants the additional water that a bigger Shasta Lake might provide, and it’s willing to put up tens of millions in project funding to get it. But the state and other plaintiffs argue that the whole project is illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been illegal for 30 years,” says Ron Stork, with the conservation group Friends of the River, in Sacramento. ” ‘It’ being raising Shasta Dam and Westlands cooperating with the federal goverment to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stork says state law prohibits any expansion of Shasta, because it would flood a stretch of the lower McCloud, disrupting the river’s natural flow. It would also inundate most remaining sacred sites of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.winnememwintu.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Winnemem Wintu\u003c/a> tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some kind of sacred trusts that we’ve made as California citizens that we’re going to protect some of our rivers,” adds Stork, “and Westlands’ actions and Reclamation’s expected actions really can’t stand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra agrees that as a state-sanctioned agency, Westlands is barred from any participation in the project, financial or otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday evening, Westlands issued a statement saying it’s merely exploring its options with Shasta and not violating any law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Contrary to the allegations by the Attorney General, the District is not violating the law,” Westlands said. The district asserted it was “merely conducting environmental review” to determine whether it can move forward as a federal cost-sharing partner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been widely anticipated that Westlands would provide critical funding for the expansion. The district has even bought up property surrounding Shasta Lake, presumably in anticipation of its enlargement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stork says no hearing date has been set for his group’s case, but the battle is far from over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation falls under the U.S. Department of the Interior, now headed by David Bernhardt, a former lobbyist for Westlands Water District.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Normally dams are built to block rivers, but a legendary trout stream in Shasta County could be the river that blocked a dam.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The battle over Shasta Dam is escalating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, California’s attorney general and several fishing and conservation groups filed separate lawsuits to stop a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1937108/shasta-dam-project-sets-up-another-trump-california-showdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">controversial project\u003c/a> to elevate the dam and expand the state’s largest reservoir, near Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This project is unlawful,” wrote Attorney General Xavier Becerra in a statement announcing the state’s lawsuit. “It would create significant environmental and cultural impacts for the communities and habitats surrounding the Shasta Dam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n\u003cp>But the plaintiffs’ primary leverage point might be the McCloud River, the most \u003ca href=\"https://activenorcal.com/fishing-the-mccloud-river-famous-fish-in-a-special-setting/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legendary trout stream\u003c/a> in California, and protected under \u003ca href=\"https://www.watereducation.org/aquapedia/california-wild-and-scenic-rivers-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Wild & Scenic Rivers Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also one of several rivers feeding Shasta Lake, the shoreline of which would expand if the federal Bureau of Reclamation proceeds with its \u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/ncao/shasta-enlargement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plan to add 18 feet\u003c/a> to the top of Shasta Dam. The Bureau estimates the expansion would add 630,000 acre-feet of water to the capacity of the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companion suit to the state’s was filed by a coalition of Friends of the River, Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations, Institute for Fisheries Resources, Natural Resources Defense Council, Defenders of Wildlife, the Sierra Club and the Golden Gate Salmon Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Westlands Targeted\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike multiple \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-california-trump-environmental-lawsuits-20190507-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental lawsuits\u003c/a> filed by California since Donald Trump took office, this one doesn’t target the administration. Instead, both suits are aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://wwd.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Westlands Water District\u003c/a>, a Fresno-based irrigation district and a major player in Central Valley water politics. Westlands wants the additional water that a bigger Shasta Lake might provide, and it’s willing to put up tens of millions in project funding to get it. But the state and other plaintiffs argue that the whole project is illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been illegal for 30 years,” says Ron Stork, with the conservation group Friends of the River, in Sacramento. ” ‘It’ being raising Shasta Dam and Westlands cooperating with the federal goverment to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stork says state law prohibits any expansion of Shasta, because it would flood a stretch of the lower McCloud, disrupting the river’s natural flow. It would also inundate most remaining sacred sites of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.winnememwintu.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Winnemem Wintu\u003c/a> tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some kind of sacred trusts that we’ve made as California citizens that we’re going to protect some of our rivers,” adds Stork, “and Westlands’ actions and Reclamation’s expected actions really can’t stand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra agrees that as a state-sanctioned agency, Westlands is barred from any participation in the project, financial or otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday evening, Westlands issued a statement saying it’s merely exploring its options with Shasta and not violating any law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Contrary to the allegations by the Attorney General, the District is not violating the law,” Westlands said. The district asserted it was “merely conducting environmental review” to determine whether it can move forward as a federal cost-sharing partner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been widely anticipated that Westlands would provide critical funding for the expansion. The district has even bought up property surrounding Shasta Lake, presumably in anticipation of its enlargement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stork says no hearing date has been set for his group’s case, but the battle is far from over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation falls under the U.S. Department of the Interior, now headed by David Bernhardt, a former lobbyist for Westlands Water District.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Some See CEQA as a NIMBY Tool. But Environmentalists Want Landmark Law Strenghthened",
"headTitle": "Some See CEQA as a NIMBY Tool. But Environmentalists Want Landmark Law Strenghthened | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In the rugged hills to the east of the Napa Valley, chainsaws and bulldozers converted a steep hillside of scrubby oak woodland and rockpiles into another vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right']Inside the Capitol’s corridors and pro-development quarters around the state, CEQA is increasingly disparaged as a villain in the state’s housing crisis. But the act’s environmentalist defenders are pushing back.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was an incredible rock-hopping wonderland, with frothing, amazing, waterfalling cascades every time it rained—I mean, it should have been a park,” said nearby resident Kellie Anderson of what is now a plot of grapevines at Bremer Family Winery, in the small community of Deer Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napa County’s Board of Supervisors in 2012 approved that project with a permit to remove more than 1,000 trees and import truckloads of soil to make the craggy landscape arable, without requiring an environmental impact report. These reports—involving expert inspections and assessments, detailed mitigation plans, and opportunity for public comment—are a key feature of the state’s signature environmental law: the California Environmental Quality Act, or CEQA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the Capitol’s corridors and pro-development quarters around the state, CEQA is increasingly disparaged as a villain in \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/housing-costs-high-california/\">the state’s housing crisis\u003c/a>\u003c/u>. It’s characterized as a litigation lever that allows citizens—and even labor unions and business rivals—to sue or threaten to sue, obstructing direly needed housing projects on thin environmental pretenses. The Legislature is considering a handful of bills to loosen CEQA’s rules, something former Gov. Jerry Brown—often stymied in his modest efforts to do so—\u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc6qTobX5iU\">labeled\u003c/a>\u003c/u> “the Lord’s work.” New Gov. Gavin Newsom, to fulfill his \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/newsom-housing-budget-big-deal-california/\">hyper-ambitious quota\u003c/a>\u003c/u> of new housing construction, has \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/newsom-state-of-the-state-annotated/\">called for\u003c/a>\u003c/u> fast-tracking judicial CEQA review of housing, similar to that granted sports teams building stadiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the act’s environmentalist defenders are pushing back. CEQA’s champions contend that heavy-footprint projects like the Bremer vineyard and other earth-moving, tree-cutting endeavors slip too easily past the guard of CEQA—leading to overdrawn groundwater tables and disappearing forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The politically potent building trades union signed \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hGQ57b_d-1A_TFE3Pir9VJ95n8TFxQ2L/view\">a January letter\u003c/a>\u003c/u> defending CEQA, although it’s \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-union-developer-housing-deal-20190128-story.html\">been negotiating\u003c/a>\u003c/u> on a housing plan that could include CEQA relaxations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scores of environmental advocacy and social justice groups signed a \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bAzmVcVP1nB8Okav8Nmu-fnkeOQKFcNh/view\">letter\u003c/a>\u003c/u> this spring arguing that CEQA should be \u003cem>strengthened.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite constant attacks from special interests, CEQA is working. The law routinely results in projects that improve protections for public health and the environment,” said the letter signed by reps from the Sierra Club, the League of Conservation Voters, the League of Women Voters and others. “Californians should not be forced to make a false choice between affordable housing and a clean environment. We can—and must—have both.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the urgency to build more housing, environmentalists say there’s nothing to justify anything but a rigorous review of commercial proposals—even ones as visually appealing as vineyards in the Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Have NIMBYs Really Hijacked CEQA?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roots of CEQA trace back to 1970, when it was adopted amid a freeway boom and development of dams and levees that rerouted rivers to boost agriculture. CEQA, through which hundreds of proposed building projects are processed annually, requires public agencies to reduce or mitigate the environmental impacts of development wherever feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CEQA has stopped very few housing projects in this state, but it sometimes slows them down,” said Alan Levine, director of the Coast Action Group and among those who signed that letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, attorney Jennifer Hernandez with the San Francisco law firm Holland & Knight labels CEQA “the tool of choice for preventing cities from approving high-density housing.” She said housing projects “are in fact the top target of CEQA lawsuits statewide,” with a quarter of lawsuits against CEQA-reviewed projects targeting housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, though, that may not be so many. An \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://rosefdn.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/CEQA-in-the-21st-Century.pdf\">analysis\u003c/a>\u003c/u> from the Rose Foundation for Communities and the Environment found that, of more than 54,000 CEQA-reviewed projects from 2013 through 2015, just 0.7 percent faced litigation—an average of less than 100 proposed housing developments per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez contends that litigious NIMBY (“not in my backyard”) resisters have hijacked CEQA and are now using it for myopic, neighborhood gains such as views and urban skylines. She said that, by impeding infill residential development, CEQA aggravates the housing crisis, suburban sprawl, traffic and greenhouse gas emissions. Her 2015 \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hklaw.com/publications/in-the-name-of-the-environment-litigation-abuse-under-ceqa-august-2015/\">report\u003c/a>\u003c/u> concluded that the most frequent targets of CEQA lawsuits are projects to advance California’s environmental objectives, including transit improvements and renewable energy facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no doubt that NIMBYs sometimes abuse CEQA. And even the specter of litigation can tie up projects for years, pre-emptively discouraging developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CEQA was created for a reason, and those reasons are being abused,” said Paul Gradeff, the developer behind a proposed student housing project in downtown Davis, where some college students are living in their cars and sleeping on couches. The Lincoln40 project has been mired in court. “CEQA can be used to delay, stall or prohibit development … under the auspices that somehow it will harm the environment,” even, he says, when a project has clear benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maureen Sedonaen, CEO of the greater San Francisco area Habitat for Humanity, helped design an infill affordable housing project in Redwood City that neighbors complained was too big and too modern for the site. Eventually it was blocked by what she calls “a frivolous lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The initial intent of CEQA to protect the environment of our world is critical,” she said, “but it’s become a loophole … for anti-development interests to preserve a world they remember from the 1960s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEQA is “a \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"http://resources.ca.gov/ceqa/more/faq.html\">self-executing statute\u003c/a>\u003c/u>”—no single agency is responsible for enforcing it. Rather, public agencies “are entrusted with compliance with CEQA and its provisions are enforced, as necessary, by the public through litigation and the threat thereof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what makes it such a powerful citizen tool—whether to block new bike lanes or the enlargement of oil refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if no one is watching, projects—even potentially harmful ones—can march quietly forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need an active group of citizens who are paying attention,” said Mark Wolfe, a San Francisco attorney specializing in CEQA cases. In Santa Barbara, West LA and the Bay Area, there’s “an engaged citizenry with the time and resources to be involved in these things.” Thus, he explained, projects that might not be permitted in wealthier regions may be carried out in, say, the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Bremer vineyard, which initially proposed to fell 1,059 trees, county officials gave developers a simple CEQA document on which they checked a column of boxes indicating the project would not significantly harm the environment, with mitigation. The owners of Bremer winery did not respond to emails and phone calls seeking comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson, the neighborhood activist, said “CEQA fails under Napa County implementation.” While most vineyard projects may have relatively insignificant impacts on their own—thus winning a green light to proceed—together they create a piecemeal clear-cutting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Paperwork Shuffle That’s a Sham?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In theory, you won’t have a significant impact if you follow the mitigations, but when it comes down to it, there’s almost always a significant impact,” said Richard Grassetti, an East Bay environmental consultant hired by developers to navigate the permitting process. “There’s a bit of fantasy at play to think you could mitigate everything. In reality, it doesn’t really happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the question of conflict-of-interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can get awkward when you’re working directly for an applicant because they’re paying you and there can be pressure” to write satisfactory reports that downplay a project’s environmental impacts, Grassley noted. He said he was fired from a job when he determined that the project’s environmental impacts would be significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they found another consultant who would say the impact was not significant … based on the same data,” he explained in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEQA guidelines often require that someone developing one parcel of land must protect another. Other times, if removing oaks—which receive special protections in California—the developer may plant a few small trees for each large one felled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Brian Bordona, the supervising planner with Napa County’s Planning, Building and Environmental Services Department, these measures work: “Both replanting by acorn or young planting are successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napa County resident Mike Hackett, who co-authored a failed 2018 ballot measure to protect Napa County’s oak woodlands, said replanting mitigations are generally a swindle for the ecosystem, because prime soils are essentially swapped for relatively worthless ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(Developers) cut down the trees where they know the grapes will grow, and they replant where it’s too rocky or there’s no soil,” he said. “It’s a sham … a paperwork shuffle where you just check the boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bordona countered via email that tree planting sites “are selected by a qualified biologist to ensure suitable areas (soil type, aspect, etc.) are identified so that replanting will be successful.” He added mitigation measures are “monitored throughout the life of the project” by land-owner self-reporting and onsite county inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when a project triggers a full CEQA review, including an \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/874/Walt-Ranch-Vineyard-Conversion\">environmental \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/874/Walt-Ranch-Vineyard-Conversion\">impact report\u003c/a>\u003c/u>? A large vineyard project called Walt Ranch in Napa County did that after proposing to fell 14,000 mature trees. To ostensibly mitigate the impacts to woodland and waterways, the owners offered to permanently preserve another piece of wooded land on their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the trees they’re saying they’re going to protect probably weren’t under much threat of being cut down, anyway,” said Wolfe, the CEQA attorney representing plaintiffs in a lawsuit to stop Walt Ranch. “If that land was already zoned for a massive subdivision, that would make a stronger case that the impact is mitigated, but it wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A winery representative declined comment, noting “the project is being appealed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly when Oakland’s Zoo expanded several years ago, the city promised in its CEQA documents to \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=1988714&GUID=B85244D3-3A11-4591-9652-861D746C53AB&Options=&Search=\">protect forever 53 acres\u003c/a>\u003c/u> as habitat for the endangered Alameda whipsnake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it was already in a city park,” said environmental activist Ralph Kanz, referring to Knowland Park, which includes the zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each side in the CEQA debate has its own wish list. Developers want fast-tracked approvals and a requirement that plaintiffs no longer be allowed to remain anonymous when they sue. Environmentalists want a more rigorous approval process and after-the-fact inspections. In short, both sides tend to affirm the value of the state’s iconic environmental law—just before they expound on why it needs “reform.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the rugged hills to the east of the Napa Valley, chainsaws and bulldozers converted a steep hillside of scrubby oak woodland and rockpiles into another vineyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "Inside the Capitol’s corridors and pro-development quarters around the state, CEQA is increasingly disparaged as a villain in the state’s housing crisis. But the act’s environmentalist defenders are pushing back.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was an incredible rock-hopping wonderland, with frothing, amazing, waterfalling cascades every time it rained—I mean, it should have been a park,” said nearby resident Kellie Anderson of what is now a plot of grapevines at Bremer Family Winery, in the small community of Deer Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Napa County’s Board of Supervisors in 2012 approved that project with a permit to remove more than 1,000 trees and import truckloads of soil to make the craggy landscape arable, without requiring an environmental impact report. These reports—involving expert inspections and assessments, detailed mitigation plans, and opportunity for public comment—are a key feature of the state’s signature environmental law: the California Environmental Quality Act, or CEQA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the Capitol’s corridors and pro-development quarters around the state, CEQA is increasingly disparaged as a villain in \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/housing-costs-high-california/\">the state’s housing crisis\u003c/a>\u003c/u>. It’s characterized as a litigation lever that allows citizens—and even labor unions and business rivals—to sue or threaten to sue, obstructing direly needed housing projects on thin environmental pretenses. The Legislature is considering a handful of bills to loosen CEQA’s rules, something former Gov. Jerry Brown—often stymied in his modest efforts to do so—\u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc6qTobX5iU\">labeled\u003c/a>\u003c/u> “the Lord’s work.” New Gov. Gavin Newsom, to fulfill his \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/newsom-housing-budget-big-deal-california/\">hyper-ambitious quota\u003c/a>\u003c/u> of new housing construction, has \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/newsom-state-of-the-state-annotated/\">called for\u003c/a>\u003c/u> fast-tracking judicial CEQA review of housing, similar to that granted sports teams building stadiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the act’s environmentalist defenders are pushing back. CEQA’s champions contend that heavy-footprint projects like the Bremer vineyard and other earth-moving, tree-cutting endeavors slip too easily past the guard of CEQA—leading to overdrawn groundwater tables and disappearing forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The politically potent building trades union signed \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hGQ57b_d-1A_TFE3Pir9VJ95n8TFxQ2L/view\">a January letter\u003c/a>\u003c/u> defending CEQA, although it’s \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-union-developer-housing-deal-20190128-story.html\">been negotiating\u003c/a>\u003c/u> on a housing plan that could include CEQA relaxations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scores of environmental advocacy and social justice groups signed a \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bAzmVcVP1nB8Okav8Nmu-fnkeOQKFcNh/view\">letter\u003c/a>\u003c/u> this spring arguing that CEQA should be \u003cem>strengthened.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite constant attacks from special interests, CEQA is working. The law routinely results in projects that improve protections for public health and the environment,” said the letter signed by reps from the Sierra Club, the League of Conservation Voters, the League of Women Voters and others. “Californians should not be forced to make a false choice between affordable housing and a clean environment. We can—and must—have both.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the urgency to build more housing, environmentalists say there’s nothing to justify anything but a rigorous review of commercial proposals—even ones as visually appealing as vineyards in the Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Have NIMBYs Really Hijacked CEQA?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roots of CEQA trace back to 1970, when it was adopted amid a freeway boom and development of dams and levees that rerouted rivers to boost agriculture. CEQA, through which hundreds of proposed building projects are processed annually, requires public agencies to reduce or mitigate the environmental impacts of development wherever feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CEQA has stopped very few housing projects in this state, but it sometimes slows them down,” said Alan Levine, director of the Coast Action Group and among those who signed that letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, attorney Jennifer Hernandez with the San Francisco law firm Holland & Knight labels CEQA “the tool of choice for preventing cities from approving high-density housing.” She said housing projects “are in fact the top target of CEQA lawsuits statewide,” with a quarter of lawsuits against CEQA-reviewed projects targeting housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, though, that may not be so many. An \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://rosefdn.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/CEQA-in-the-21st-Century.pdf\">analysis\u003c/a>\u003c/u> from the Rose Foundation for Communities and the Environment found that, of more than 54,000 CEQA-reviewed projects from 2013 through 2015, just 0.7 percent faced litigation—an average of less than 100 proposed housing developments per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez contends that litigious NIMBY (“not in my backyard”) resisters have hijacked CEQA and are now using it for myopic, neighborhood gains such as views and urban skylines. She said that, by impeding infill residential development, CEQA aggravates the housing crisis, suburban sprawl, traffic and greenhouse gas emissions. Her 2015 \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hklaw.com/publications/in-the-name-of-the-environment-litigation-abuse-under-ceqa-august-2015/\">report\u003c/a>\u003c/u> concluded that the most frequent targets of CEQA lawsuits are projects to advance California’s environmental objectives, including transit improvements and renewable energy facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no doubt that NIMBYs sometimes abuse CEQA. And even the specter of litigation can tie up projects for years, pre-emptively discouraging developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CEQA was created for a reason, and those reasons are being abused,” said Paul Gradeff, the developer behind a proposed student housing project in downtown Davis, where some college students are living in their cars and sleeping on couches. The Lincoln40 project has been mired in court. “CEQA can be used to delay, stall or prohibit development … under the auspices that somehow it will harm the environment,” even, he says, when a project has clear benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maureen Sedonaen, CEO of the greater San Francisco area Habitat for Humanity, helped design an infill affordable housing project in Redwood City that neighbors complained was too big and too modern for the site. Eventually it was blocked by what she calls “a frivolous lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The initial intent of CEQA to protect the environment of our world is critical,” she said, “but it’s become a loophole … for anti-development interests to preserve a world they remember from the 1960s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEQA is “a \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"http://resources.ca.gov/ceqa/more/faq.html\">self-executing statute\u003c/a>\u003c/u>”—no single agency is responsible for enforcing it. Rather, public agencies “are entrusted with compliance with CEQA and its provisions are enforced, as necessary, by the public through litigation and the threat thereof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what makes it such a powerful citizen tool—whether to block new bike lanes or the enlargement of oil refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if no one is watching, projects—even potentially harmful ones—can march quietly forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need an active group of citizens who are paying attention,” said Mark Wolfe, a San Francisco attorney specializing in CEQA cases. In Santa Barbara, West LA and the Bay Area, there’s “an engaged citizenry with the time and resources to be involved in these things.” Thus, he explained, projects that might not be permitted in wealthier regions may be carried out in, say, the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Bremer vineyard, which initially proposed to fell 1,059 trees, county officials gave developers a simple CEQA document on which they checked a column of boxes indicating the project would not significantly harm the environment, with mitigation. The owners of Bremer winery did not respond to emails and phone calls seeking comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson, the neighborhood activist, said “CEQA fails under Napa County implementation.” While most vineyard projects may have relatively insignificant impacts on their own—thus winning a green light to proceed—together they create a piecemeal clear-cutting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Paperwork Shuffle That’s a Sham?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In theory, you won’t have a significant impact if you follow the mitigations, but when it comes down to it, there’s almost always a significant impact,” said Richard Grassetti, an East Bay environmental consultant hired by developers to navigate the permitting process. “There’s a bit of fantasy at play to think you could mitigate everything. In reality, it doesn’t really happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the question of conflict-of-interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can get awkward when you’re working directly for an applicant because they’re paying you and there can be pressure” to write satisfactory reports that downplay a project’s environmental impacts, Grassley noted. He said he was fired from a job when he determined that the project’s environmental impacts would be significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they found another consultant who would say the impact was not significant … based on the same data,” he explained in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEQA guidelines often require that someone developing one parcel of land must protect another. Other times, if removing oaks—which receive special protections in California—the developer may plant a few small trees for each large one felled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Brian Bordona, the supervising planner with Napa County’s Planning, Building and Environmental Services Department, these measures work: “Both replanting by acorn or young planting are successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napa County resident Mike Hackett, who co-authored a failed 2018 ballot measure to protect Napa County’s oak woodlands, said replanting mitigations are generally a swindle for the ecosystem, because prime soils are essentially swapped for relatively worthless ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(Developers) cut down the trees where they know the grapes will grow, and they replant where it’s too rocky or there’s no soil,” he said. “It’s a sham … a paperwork shuffle where you just check the boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bordona countered via email that tree planting sites “are selected by a qualified biologist to ensure suitable areas (soil type, aspect, etc.) are identified so that replanting will be successful.” He added mitigation measures are “monitored throughout the life of the project” by land-owner self-reporting and onsite county inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when a project triggers a full CEQA review, including an \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/874/Walt-Ranch-Vineyard-Conversion\">environmental \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/874/Walt-Ranch-Vineyard-Conversion\">impact report\u003c/a>\u003c/u>? A large vineyard project called Walt Ranch in Napa County did that after proposing to fell 14,000 mature trees. To ostensibly mitigate the impacts to woodland and waterways, the owners offered to permanently preserve another piece of wooded land on their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the trees they’re saying they’re going to protect probably weren’t under much threat of being cut down, anyway,” said Wolfe, the CEQA attorney representing plaintiffs in a lawsuit to stop Walt Ranch. “If that land was already zoned for a massive subdivision, that would make a stronger case that the impact is mitigated, but it wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A winery representative declined comment, noting “the project is being appealed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly when Oakland’s Zoo expanded several years ago, the city promised in its CEQA documents to \u003cu>\u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=1988714&GUID=B85244D3-3A11-4591-9652-861D746C53AB&Options=&Search=\">protect forever 53 acres\u003c/a>\u003c/u> as habitat for the endangered Alameda whipsnake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it was already in a city park,” said environmental activist Ralph Kanz, referring to Knowland Park, which includes the zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each side in the CEQA debate has its own wish list. Developers want fast-tracked approvals and a requirement that plaintiffs no longer be allowed to remain anonymous when they sue. Environmentalists want a more rigorous approval process and after-the-fact inspections. In short, both sides tend to affirm the value of the state’s iconic environmental law—just before they expound on why it needs “reform.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Unusual 'Winter-Like Storm' Pelts San Francisco Bay Area, Sierra",
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"content": "\u003cp>What the National Weather Service calls a “winter-like storm system” has pelted the North Bay with 1-2 inches of rain in the past 24 hours and lesser amounts throughout the Bay Area, with more precipitation forecast into the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isolated thunderstorms are still in the picture, with potential for “periods of brief heavy downpours and small hail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NWS has noted unofficial May 15 rainfall records at the Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5092497-181/sonoma-county-community-of-venado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">precipitation capital\u003c/a> of Venado and the Santa Rosa and Oakland airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Needless to say the much hyped anomalously wet May system did pretty well,” the NWS said dryly amidst the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming up: A break in the wet Thursday night and Friday, then … wait for it … another storm on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a winter storm warning remains in effect across the Sierra until 6 a.m., Friday. In the \u003ca href=\"https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=CA125CF88A75D4.WinterStormWarning.125CF899F310CA.STOWSWSTO.e4f710e59d45eeb2086fc848d47916e7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Northern Sierra\u003c/a>, “travel will be difficult to impossible,” the NWS says. Those with travel plans across the mountain range “should prepare for occasional winter driving conditions, including chain controls, and plan for extra travel time.” Temperatures will also be colder than usual. Up to 2 feet of snow could accumulate in parts of the Central Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What the National Weather Service calls a “winter-like storm system” has pelted the North Bay with 1-2 inches of rain in the past 24 hours and lesser amounts throughout the Bay Area, with more precipitation forecast into the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Isolated thunderstorms are still in the picture, with potential for “periods of brief heavy downpours and small hail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NWS has noted unofficial May 15 rainfall records at the Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/5092497-181/sonoma-county-community-of-venado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">precipitation capital\u003c/a> of Venado and the Santa Rosa and Oakland airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Needless to say the much hyped anomalously wet May system did pretty well,” the NWS said dryly amidst the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming up: A break in the wet Thursday night and Friday, then … wait for it … another storm on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a winter storm warning remains in effect across the Sierra until 6 a.m., Friday. In the \u003ca href=\"https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=CA125CF88A75D4.WinterStormWarning.125CF899F310CA.STOWSWSTO.e4f710e59d45eeb2086fc848d47916e7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Northern Sierra\u003c/a>, “travel will be difficult to impossible,” the NWS says. Those with travel plans across the mountain range “should prepare for occasional winter driving conditions, including chain controls, and plan for extra travel time.” Temperatures will also be colder than usual. Up to 2 feet of snow could accumulate in parts of the Central Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A Lot of the Stuff We Throw in Those Recycling Bins Is Really Just Trash",
"headTitle": "A Lot of the Stuff We Throw in Those Recycling Bins Is Really Just Trash | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>For most Californians, it’s a no brainer. Toss all your recyclables into a big blue bin, a truck comes to take it, and it all somehow gets recycled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Mark Murray, Californians Against Waste\"]‘The fact is [the Chinese] were never recycling … the juice boxes and the plastic-coated paper and the plastic film that was wrapped up with the paper. They were using cheap labor to sort out the good stuff and throw the rest away … .’ [/pullquote]But it turns out this easy-as-1-2-3 scenario is at least part fantasy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what’s in our blue bins is simply trash — meaning, it doesn’t get recycled, but ends up in landfill. Last week KQED’s Brian Watt spoke about the issue and what can be done about it with \u003cstrong>Mark Murray\u003c/strong>, who directs the advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cawrecycles.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Californians Against Waste\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You have said consumers have been lulled into thinking almost everything is recyclable.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Murray: Well there’s been such a desire to divert material from landfill, and there has been a lack of appreciation of the difficulty consumers have in figuring out the details. So programs have erred on the side of saying, ‘Just throw it all in the bin.’ But we know that not all that material is recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much of what I put in my blue bin is not getting recycled?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well the good news is that most of the material is continuing to get recycled, because most of the material is paper. Paper, as long as it’s not contaminated with plastic or tape, remains 100% recyclable. Glass, 100% recyclable. Metal containers, aluminum cans, 100% recyclable. Same goes with plastic soft drink bottles and water bottles. [PET plastic, \u003ca href=\"https://plastics.americanchemistry.com/Plastic-Resin-Codes-PDF/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">coded\u003c/a> as No. 1 on containers and packaging.] Same goes with plastic bottles for milk or detergent [HDPE plastic, coded as No. 2].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is basically the mixed materials, the plastic-coated paper cartons and juice boxes, the 3 through 7 plastics, that are not being recycled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China has been blamed for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/03/13/702501726/where-will-your-plastic-trash-go-now-that-china-doesnt-want-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not wanting\u003c/a> our recyclable materials anymore. How much of a problem is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s be clear. It was a good thing that China informed us that a lot of our recycling was fake. Brokers in China were telling curbside programs in the United States, ‘Throw whatever you can into that bin, and we’re going to find ways to recycle it.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact is they were never recycling the 3 through 7 plastics. They were never recycling the juice boxes and the plastic-coated paper and the plastic film that was wrapped up with the paper. They were using cheap labor to sort out the good stuff and throw the rest away, which meant they were illegally dumping or burning that material. That’s why the Chinese government shut down these bad operations and basically provided the U.S. with this really honest information about the fact that a lot of the crap you’ve been sending us has not been recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What legislation to address recycling problems is currently on the table? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two different approaches. One is this notion of setting a comprehensive producer-responsibility requirement for all packaging. [The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a>] basically says all packaging generated in California, and other single-use products, need to meet the same 75% source reduction, recycling and composting requirements that we’ve already adopted for the entire state. This would mean producers have to finance and develop the recycling mechanisms or reduce the volume of original material entering the marketplace by 75%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>[aside postID=\"news_11739302\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/GettyImages-110129474_Justin-Sullivan-1020x701.jpg\"]\u003cstrong>Is that 75% goal realistic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is absolutely realistic, because we’re already doing it with beverage containers and corrugated cardboard boxes. We know how to make recycling work, and recycling works when there is a buyer for the recycled material, and ideally that buyer is right here in California. In every place where there’s a California buyer, we have successful recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s a second bill. What would that do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assembly member Phil Ting from San Francisco is carrying legislation that would literally \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11739302/a-future-with-100-recycled-beverage-bottles-a-new-state-bill-would-require-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">compel the beverage industry\u003c/a> to buy back the plastic they use in beverage containers. So that’s another way of driving the markets for recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can people do differently to help with the recycling issue?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important thing you can do is not when you’re standing over your recycling bin once a week, but when you’re at the grocery store, when you’re at Target or Walmart or wherever you do your shopping. We need to buy smarter and look at labels and focus on packaging that is recyclable or compostable. Ideally [what you buy has] the least amount of packaging or is reusable packaging. Being a good recycler actually starts at the store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "For most Californians, it's a no brainer. Toss all your recyclables into a big blue bin, a truck comes to take it away, and it all somehow gets recycled. But it turns out this easy-as-1-2-3 scenario is at least part fantasy. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But it turns out this easy-as-1-2-3 scenario is at least part fantasy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what’s in our blue bins is simply trash — meaning, it doesn’t get recycled, but ends up in landfill. Last week KQED’s Brian Watt spoke about the issue and what can be done about it with \u003cstrong>Mark Murray\u003c/strong>, who directs the advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cawrecycles.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Californians Against Waste\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You have said consumers have been lulled into thinking almost everything is recyclable.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Murray: Well there’s been such a desire to divert material from landfill, and there has been a lack of appreciation of the difficulty consumers have in figuring out the details. So programs have erred on the side of saying, ‘Just throw it all in the bin.’ But we know that not all that material is recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much of what I put in my blue bin is not getting recycled?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well the good news is that most of the material is continuing to get recycled, because most of the material is paper. Paper, as long as it’s not contaminated with plastic or tape, remains 100% recyclable. Glass, 100% recyclable. Metal containers, aluminum cans, 100% recyclable. Same goes with plastic soft drink bottles and water bottles. [PET plastic, \u003ca href=\"https://plastics.americanchemistry.com/Plastic-Resin-Codes-PDF/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">coded\u003c/a> as No. 1 on containers and packaging.] Same goes with plastic bottles for milk or detergent [HDPE plastic, coded as No. 2].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is basically the mixed materials, the plastic-coated paper cartons and juice boxes, the 3 through 7 plastics, that are not being recycled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China has been blamed for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/03/13/702501726/where-will-your-plastic-trash-go-now-that-china-doesnt-want-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not wanting\u003c/a> our recyclable materials anymore. How much of a problem is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s be clear. It was a good thing that China informed us that a lot of our recycling was fake. Brokers in China were telling curbside programs in the United States, ‘Throw whatever you can into that bin, and we’re going to find ways to recycle it.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact is they were never recycling the 3 through 7 plastics. They were never recycling the juice boxes and the plastic-coated paper and the plastic film that was wrapped up with the paper. They were using cheap labor to sort out the good stuff and throw the rest away, which meant they were illegally dumping or burning that material. That’s why the Chinese government shut down these bad operations and basically provided the U.S. with this really honest information about the fact that a lot of the crap you’ve been sending us has not been recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What legislation to address recycling problems is currently on the table? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two different approaches. One is this notion of setting a comprehensive producer-responsibility requirement for all packaging. [The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a>] basically says all packaging generated in California, and other single-use products, need to meet the same 75% source reduction, recycling and composting requirements that we’ve already adopted for the entire state. This would mean producers have to finance and develop the recycling mechanisms or reduce the volume of original material entering the marketplace by 75%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is that 75% goal realistic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is absolutely realistic, because we’re already doing it with beverage containers and corrugated cardboard boxes. We know how to make recycling work, and recycling works when there is a buyer for the recycled material, and ideally that buyer is right here in California. In every place where there’s a California buyer, we have successful recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s a second bill. What would that do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assembly member Phil Ting from San Francisco is carrying legislation that would literally \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11739302/a-future-with-100-recycled-beverage-bottles-a-new-state-bill-would-require-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">compel the beverage industry\u003c/a> to buy back the plastic they use in beverage containers. So that’s another way of driving the markets for recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can people do differently to help with the recycling issue?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important thing you can do is not when you’re standing over your recycling bin once a week, but when you’re at the grocery store, when you’re at Target or Walmart or wherever you do your shopping. We need to buy smarter and look at labels and focus on packaging that is recyclable or compostable. Ideally [what you buy has] the least amount of packaging or is reusable packaging. Being a good recycler actually starts at the store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom threw some more money into the environmental pot Thursday as part of the state’s May budget revision. The new funding includes about $250 million for climate-related programs, thanks to the state’s cap-and-trade program, and $75 million to fund an assessment of wildfire protection plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The update of his January budget proposal, required by the state constitution, reflects tax revenue collected through April 15. The record $213.5 billion spending plan includes about $4 billion in additional revenue above his January budget. The Legislature now has until June 15 to pass a budget for the 2019-20 fiscal year, which begins July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small portion of the extra funding is related to the state’s announcement yesterday that it would begin the process of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1941369/california-moves-to-ban-chlorpyrifos-widely-used-pesticide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banning\u003c/a> the widely used pesticide chlorpyrifos, which studies have shown harms brain development in young children. The budget now includes $5.7 million for research and development into safer alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his public address today, Newsom responded to environmental critics who said the pesticide should be immediately banned, rather than phased out over as many as three years. “The reason we can’t phase it out tomorrow: If we do, we’ll replace it with even more toxic substances,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also defended a controversial tax on water bills that would fund programs to rebuild broken or degraded drinking water infrastructure in some of the state’s poorest communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to get a water deal,” he said. “That’ll be a proud day, when the Legislature and the governor can align on providing a basic fundamental right. That’s clean and drinkable water at an affordable price for the most vulnerable Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state estimates that 1 million Californians lack access to safe drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom floated a plan that could charge most water customers about 95 cents more each month, with heavy users paying up to $10 more. That idea was met with resistance from the Association of California Water Agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Newsom signaled he was wide open to negotiations on the tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not consumed by process, but by outcome,” he said. “We have three or four creative ideas that I’m not going to illuminate you on because I want to get to a solution. But we will get to a solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cap and Trade\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s cap-and-trade auctions performed strongly, and the budget includes an extra $251.5 million in cap-and-trade money to promote climate-friendly housing development and sustainability projects. The money includes investments in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>$92 million for transit-oriented development and “neighborhood projects” that reduce emissions in heavily polluted neighborhoods.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$130 million for clean-energy vehicle programs. This includes $65 million to replace and upgrade agricultural vehicles, $50 million for electrifying semi-trucks and buses incentives, and $15 million for programs that help people replace old cars with electric vehicles.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$20 million for “climate smart agriculture.” That includes $10 million for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1940561/california-has-farmers-growing-weeds-why-to-capture-carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy Soils program\u003c/a> to increase carbon sequestration, the process of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Additionally, the budget includes $10 million for methane reduction programs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$8 million as part of ongoing funding for job training programs—mostly apprenticeships and workforce development initiatives—to help the state transition to a completely carbon neutral economy. The revise also includes $1.5 million for a study to outline “key actions the state must take to transition toward a carbon-neutral economy.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wildfire Protection\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond climate policy, Newsom’s proposal includes $75 million to study shutting down the power grid in certain areas when the risk of wildfire is high. Officials plan to cut power to some communities during windy and hot conditions—a preventative measure to keep utility infrastructure from sparking a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the effects of those shutdowns were worrying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public power shutdowns: It’s coming,” he said. “It’s happening soon. I’m worried about it. We are all worried about it for [the] elderly. People’s power could be shut off not for a day or two but potentially a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom threw some more money into the environmental pot Thursday as part of the state’s May budget revision. The new funding includes about $250 million for climate-related programs, thanks to the state’s cap-and-trade program, and $75 million to fund an assessment of wildfire protection plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The update of his January budget proposal, required by the state constitution, reflects tax revenue collected through April 15. The record $213.5 billion spending plan includes about $4 billion in additional revenue above his January budget. The Legislature now has until June 15 to pass a budget for the 2019-20 fiscal year, which begins July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small portion of the extra funding is related to the state’s announcement yesterday that it would begin the process of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1941369/california-moves-to-ban-chlorpyrifos-widely-used-pesticide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banning\u003c/a> the widely used pesticide chlorpyrifos, which studies have shown harms brain development in young children. The budget now includes $5.7 million for research and development into safer alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his public address today, Newsom responded to environmental critics who said the pesticide should be immediately banned, rather than phased out over as many as three years. “The reason we can’t phase it out tomorrow: If we do, we’ll replace it with even more toxic substances,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also defended a controversial tax on water bills that would fund programs to rebuild broken or degraded drinking water infrastructure in some of the state’s poorest communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to get a water deal,” he said. “That’ll be a proud day, when the Legislature and the governor can align on providing a basic fundamental right. That’s clean and drinkable water at an affordable price for the most vulnerable Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state estimates that 1 million Californians lack access to safe drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom floated a plan that could charge most water customers about 95 cents more each month, with heavy users paying up to $10 more. That idea was met with resistance from the Association of California Water Agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Newsom signaled he was wide open to negotiations on the tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not consumed by process, but by outcome,” he said. “We have three or four creative ideas that I’m not going to illuminate you on because I want to get to a solution. But we will get to a solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cap and Trade\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s cap-and-trade auctions performed strongly, and the budget includes an extra $251.5 million in cap-and-trade money to promote climate-friendly housing development and sustainability projects. The money includes investments in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>$92 million for transit-oriented development and “neighborhood projects” that reduce emissions in heavily polluted neighborhoods.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$130 million for clean-energy vehicle programs. This includes $65 million to replace and upgrade agricultural vehicles, $50 million for electrifying semi-trucks and buses incentives, and $15 million for programs that help people replace old cars with electric vehicles.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$20 million for “climate smart agriculture.” That includes $10 million for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1940561/california-has-farmers-growing-weeds-why-to-capture-carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy Soils program\u003c/a> to increase carbon sequestration, the process of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Additionally, the budget includes $10 million for methane reduction programs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>$8 million as part of ongoing funding for job training programs—mostly apprenticeships and workforce development initiatives—to help the state transition to a completely carbon neutral economy. The revise also includes $1.5 million for a study to outline “key actions the state must take to transition toward a carbon-neutral economy.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wildfire Protection\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond climate policy, Newsom’s proposal includes $75 million to study shutting down the power grid in certain areas when the risk of wildfire is high. Officials plan to cut power to some communities during windy and hot conditions—a preventative measure to keep utility infrastructure from sparking a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the effects of those shutdowns were worrying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public power shutdowns: It’s coming,” he said. “It’s happening soon. I’m worried about it. We are all worried about it for [the] elderly. People’s power could be shut off not for a day or two but potentially a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "After 3 Years in the Ocean, These Supposedly Biodegradable Bags Are Still Intact",
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"content": "\u003cp>The average person uses a typical plastic bag for as short a time as \u003ca href=\"https://www.5gyres.org/plastic-bags/\">12 minutes\u003c/a> before throwing it away, never thinking of where it may end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right']After three years buried in garden soil, submerged in ocean water, exposed to open light and air or stashed in a laboratory, none of the supposedly eco-friendly bags that scientists tested broke down completely in all the environments. [/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet once consigned to a landfill, that standard grocery store tote takes \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2007/06/do-plastic-bags-really-take-500-years-to-break-down-in-a-landfill.html\">hundreds or thousands of years\u003c/a> to break down — \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/plastic-lasts-more-than-a-lifetime-and-thats-the-problem\">much more than a human lifetime\u003c/a>. Bags make up an alarming amount of the plastic found in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/03/whale-dies-88-pounds-plastic-philippines/\">whale stomachs\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.blastic.eu/knowledge-bank/impacts/plastic-ingestion/birds/\">bird nests\u003c/a>, and it’s no wonder — globally, we use between \u003ca href=\"https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/25496/singleUsePlastic_sustainability.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1\">1 and 5 trillion plastic bags each year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biodegradable plastic bags are marketed as more eco-friendly solutions, able to break down into harmless material more quickly than traditional plastics. One company \u003ca href=\"https://www.symphonyenvironmental.com/solutions/oxo-biodegradable-plastic/\">claims\u003c/a> their shopping bag “will degrade and biodegrade in a continuous, irreversible and unstoppable process” if it ends up as litter in the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a study published this week in \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b06984\">Environmental Science and Technology\u003c/a>, researchers put supposedly eco-friendly bags made from various organic and plastic materials and sourced from U.K. stores to the test. After three years buried in garden soil, submerged in ocean water, exposed to open light and air or stashed in a laboratory, none of the bags broke down completely in all the environments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the biodegradable bags that had been left underwater in a marina could still hold a full load of groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the role of some of these really innovative and novel polymers?” asked Richard Thompson, a marine biologist from the University of Plymouth and the study’s senior author. A polymer is a repeating chain of chemicals that makes up a plastic’s structure, whether biodegradable or synthetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re challenging to recycle and are very slow to degrade if they become litter in the environment,” Thompson said, suggesting these biodegradable plastics may be causing more problems than they solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the Researchers Did\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The researchers collected samples of five types of plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first type was made of high-density polyethylene — the standard plastic found in grocery store bags. It was used as a comparison for four other bags labeled as eco-friendly:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A biodegradable plastic bag made \u003ca href=\"https://www.exoplastics.com/inside-exo/\">in part from oyster shells\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Two kinds of bags made from \u003ca href=\"http://www.epi-global.com/en\">oxo-biodegradable plastic\u003c/a>, which contain additives that companies say helps plastic break down faster\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.vegware.com/our-materials/info_17.html\">compostable bag\u003c/a> made from plant products\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Each bag type was placed in four environments. Whole bags and bags cut into strips were buried in garden soil outdoors, submerged in salt water in a marina, left exposed to daylight and open air, or sealed in a dark container in a temperature-controlled lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxygen, temperature and light all change the structure of plastic polymers, said Julia Kalow, a polymer chemist from Northwestern University, who was not involved in this study. So too can reactions with water and interactions with bacteria or other forms of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the Scientists Found\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even in a tough marine environment, where algae and animals quickly covered the plastic, three years wasn’t long enough to break down any of the plastics except for the plant-based compostable option, which did disappear underwater within three months. The plant-derived bags, however, remained intact but weakened when buried under garden soil for 27 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only treatment that consistently broke down all of the bags was exposure to open air for more than nine months, and in that case even the standard, traditional polyethylene bag disintegrated into pieces before 18 months had passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would take that timescale to be too long for these products to be regarded as providing an environmental advantage,” Thompson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://d3i6fh83elv35t.cloudfront.net/static/2019/03/RTR1KB14-1024x669.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"669\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An egret searches for food among trash collected in the Los Angeles River after floods. Plastic trash can harm wildlife like birds, fish, turtles and whales. Photo by County of Los Angeles Department Public Works/Bob Riha, Jr.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even if these bags take less time to break down than traditional plastic bags, as litter they would still have enough time to become potentially deadly food for ocean animals like seabirds, whales, turtles or fish. Moreover, they would still be an eyesore and take up space at waste facilities for months or years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when some of the plastic bags did seem to break down, such as the bags left to the open air, it was unclear if the disintegration was complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Did the plastic that was lost just become smaller pieces of plastic?” Kalow asked, “Or did it become molecules that could dissolve in water and be consumed?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future studies, she said, should dig into the fate of those disintegrated plastic particles, to ascertain whether they truly break down and disappear — or become \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/from-drugged-oysters-to-birds-full-of-plastic-oceans-are-feeling-the-burden-of-pollution\">microplastics\u003c/a> and harmful chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why It Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even standard plastic bags \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwuBfgvfUC4\">can’t be recycled from your home recycling bin\u003c/a>, so most end up in landfill or are swept away by water or wind, becoming litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biodegradable and compostable bags are meant to solve these problems, but the study indicates that’s not the case so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These alternative bags aren’t meant to end up as litter in the street or in the natural environment — ideally, they’d all be treated just as manufacturers expect. Biodegradable bags would be landfilled or, in some cases, recycled into new plastics — at least in theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://d3i6fh83elv35t.cloudfront.net/static/2018/10/RTX6EI6Z-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic bags wash up as part of the litter on beaches around the world. Photo by REUTERS/Ricardo Rojas\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But “even if we can make something that’s recyclable, that doesn’t mean any commercial recycling plant would be interested in dealing with it,” Kalow said. Biodegradable plastics can’t generally be recycled with other plastics — in fact, they can ruin other batches of recyclable plastic, degrading the product until it \u003ca href=\"https://phys.org/news/2017-12-truth-bioplastics.html\">becomes unusable\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the eco-conscious should hope their compostable bags end up in industrial composting facilities where high temperatures and favorable conditions for bacteria and other living things would break them down. (Compostable bags in chilly, oxygen-starved landfills can actually be preserved rather than destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the real problems, Thompson said. Labels like “biodegradable,” “compostable” or even “recyclable” are theoretical — they don’t reflect the reality of what happens to the materials we throw away or litter into the oceans, and they don’t help people accurately understand how to get rid of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years after the researchers’ plastic bags were buried or submerged, they were nearly as useful — and as harmful — as the day they were made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some simple solutions might help. Thompson suggested that standardized products, made of the same sets of materials, could streamline our waste management systems and allow much more of our waste to be profitably recycled. Kalow, the polymer chemist, said there may yet be hope for new, improved biodegradable plastics if only we could discover that technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, it doesn’t hurt to remember your reusable bag on your way to the store.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Tests of supposedly eco-friendly bags made from various organic and plastic materials found that after three years buried in garden soil, submerged in ocean water, and exposed to open light and air, none of the bags broke down completely in every environment.\r\n\r\n",
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"title": "After 3 Years in the Ocean, These Supposedly Biodegradable Bags Are Still Intact | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The average person uses a typical plastic bag for as short a time as \u003ca href=\"https://www.5gyres.org/plastic-bags/\">12 minutes\u003c/a> before throwing it away, never thinking of where it may end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet once consigned to a landfill, that standard grocery store tote takes \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2007/06/do-plastic-bags-really-take-500-years-to-break-down-in-a-landfill.html\">hundreds or thousands of years\u003c/a> to break down — \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/plastic-lasts-more-than-a-lifetime-and-thats-the-problem\">much more than a human lifetime\u003c/a>. Bags make up an alarming amount of the plastic found in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/03/whale-dies-88-pounds-plastic-philippines/\">whale stomachs\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.blastic.eu/knowledge-bank/impacts/plastic-ingestion/birds/\">bird nests\u003c/a>, and it’s no wonder — globally, we use between \u003ca href=\"https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/25496/singleUsePlastic_sustainability.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1\">1 and 5 trillion plastic bags each year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biodegradable plastic bags are marketed as more eco-friendly solutions, able to break down into harmless material more quickly than traditional plastics. One company \u003ca href=\"https://www.symphonyenvironmental.com/solutions/oxo-biodegradable-plastic/\">claims\u003c/a> their shopping bag “will degrade and biodegrade in a continuous, irreversible and unstoppable process” if it ends up as litter in the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a study published this week in \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b06984\">Environmental Science and Technology\u003c/a>, researchers put supposedly eco-friendly bags made from various organic and plastic materials and sourced from U.K. stores to the test. After three years buried in garden soil, submerged in ocean water, exposed to open light and air or stashed in a laboratory, none of the bags broke down completely in all the environments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the biodegradable bags that had been left underwater in a marina could still hold a full load of groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the role of some of these really innovative and novel polymers?” asked Richard Thompson, a marine biologist from the University of Plymouth and the study’s senior author. A polymer is a repeating chain of chemicals that makes up a plastic’s structure, whether biodegradable or synthetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re challenging to recycle and are very slow to degrade if they become litter in the environment,” Thompson said, suggesting these biodegradable plastics may be causing more problems than they solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the Researchers Did\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The researchers collected samples of five types of plastic bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first type was made of high-density polyethylene — the standard plastic found in grocery store bags. It was used as a comparison for four other bags labeled as eco-friendly:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A biodegradable plastic bag made \u003ca href=\"https://www.exoplastics.com/inside-exo/\">in part from oyster shells\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Two kinds of bags made from \u003ca href=\"http://www.epi-global.com/en\">oxo-biodegradable plastic\u003c/a>, which contain additives that companies say helps plastic break down faster\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.vegware.com/our-materials/info_17.html\">compostable bag\u003c/a> made from plant products\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Each bag type was placed in four environments. Whole bags and bags cut into strips were buried in garden soil outdoors, submerged in salt water in a marina, left exposed to daylight and open air, or sealed in a dark container in a temperature-controlled lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxygen, temperature and light all change the structure of plastic polymers, said Julia Kalow, a polymer chemist from Northwestern University, who was not involved in this study. So too can reactions with water and interactions with bacteria or other forms of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the Scientists Found\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even in a tough marine environment, where algae and animals quickly covered the plastic, three years wasn’t long enough to break down any of the plastics except for the plant-based compostable option, which did disappear underwater within three months. The plant-derived bags, however, remained intact but weakened when buried under garden soil for 27 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only treatment that consistently broke down all of the bags was exposure to open air for more than nine months, and in that case even the standard, traditional polyethylene bag disintegrated into pieces before 18 months had passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would take that timescale to be too long for these products to be regarded as providing an environmental advantage,” Thompson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://d3i6fh83elv35t.cloudfront.net/static/2019/03/RTR1KB14-1024x669.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"669\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An egret searches for food among trash collected in the Los Angeles River after floods. Plastic trash can harm wildlife like birds, fish, turtles and whales. Photo by County of Los Angeles Department Public Works/Bob Riha, Jr.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even if these bags take less time to break down than traditional plastic bags, as litter they would still have enough time to become potentially deadly food for ocean animals like seabirds, whales, turtles or fish. Moreover, they would still be an eyesore and take up space at waste facilities for months or years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when some of the plastic bags did seem to break down, such as the bags left to the open air, it was unclear if the disintegration was complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Did the plastic that was lost just become smaller pieces of plastic?” Kalow asked, “Or did it become molecules that could dissolve in water and be consumed?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future studies, she said, should dig into the fate of those disintegrated plastic particles, to ascertain whether they truly break down and disappear — or become \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/from-drugged-oysters-to-birds-full-of-plastic-oceans-are-feeling-the-burden-of-pollution\">microplastics\u003c/a> and harmful chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why It Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even standard plastic bags \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwuBfgvfUC4\">can’t be recycled from your home recycling bin\u003c/a>, so most end up in landfill or are swept away by water or wind, becoming litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biodegradable and compostable bags are meant to solve these problems, but the study indicates that’s not the case so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These alternative bags aren’t meant to end up as litter in the street or in the natural environment — ideally, they’d all be treated just as manufacturers expect. Biodegradable bags would be landfilled or, in some cases, recycled into new plastics — at least in theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://d3i6fh83elv35t.cloudfront.net/static/2018/10/RTX6EI6Z-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plastic bags wash up as part of the litter on beaches around the world. Photo by REUTERS/Ricardo Rojas\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But “even if we can make something that’s recyclable, that doesn’t mean any commercial recycling plant would be interested in dealing with it,” Kalow said. Biodegradable plastics can’t generally be recycled with other plastics — in fact, they can ruin other batches of recyclable plastic, degrading the product until it \u003ca href=\"https://phys.org/news/2017-12-truth-bioplastics.html\">becomes unusable\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the eco-conscious should hope their compostable bags end up in industrial composting facilities where high temperatures and favorable conditions for bacteria and other living things would break them down. (Compostable bags in chilly, oxygen-starved landfills can actually be preserved rather than destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the real problems, Thompson said. Labels like “biodegradable,” “compostable” or even “recyclable” are theoretical — they don’t reflect the reality of what happens to the materials we throw away or litter into the oceans, and they don’t help people accurately understand how to get rid of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years after the researchers’ plastic bags were buried or submerged, they were nearly as useful — and as harmful — as the day they were made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some simple solutions might help. Thompson suggested that standardized products, made of the same sets of materials, could streamline our waste management systems and allow much more of our waste to be profitably recycled. Kalow, the polymer chemist, said there may yet be hope for new, improved biodegradable plastics if only we could discover that technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, it doesn’t hurt to remember your reusable bag on your way to the store.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California and Offshore Drilling: Like Oil and Water",
"headTitle": "California and Offshore Drilling: Like Oil and Water | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In April, Interior Secretary David Bernhardt said the Trump administration was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1940755/u-s-interior-secretary-says-plans-for-offshore-drilling-are-now-on-hold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">putting on hold\u003c/a> its \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/NP-DPP-Map-Lower-48-States/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plans\u003c/a> to open up more coastal waters to oil and gas drilling, including off the coast of California. The decision follows a defeat in federal court and lots of pushback from coastal states, some of which supported Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Richard Charter, The Ocean Foundation']‘The first thing we always hear from the industry is, “Don’t worry, be happy. We will not have another accident.” And that’s usually shortly before they have another accident.’[/pullquote]It’s been 35 years since new federal leases for drilling along the Pacific coast have been issued. Polls show that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/majority-opposition-drilling-includes-coastal-republicans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vast majority\u003c/a> of Californians and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/majority-opposition-drilling-includes-coastal-republicans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most Americans\u003c/a> oppose offshore drilling. But while the practice is banned in state waters, without federal legislation the possibility for renewed production more than 3 miles from shore still remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanfdn.org/our-story/fellows-and-heroes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Charter\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> is a longtime ocean protection advocate. He talked with KQED’s Brian Watt about the Trump administration’s efforts to upend longstanding policy on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the risks from offshore drilling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risks begin with the initial drilling, because there are routine discharges into the ocean that just happen day to day from normal operations. So you don’t need to have an accident to have toxics going into your near-shore coastal waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the big risk, of course, and sort of the poster child for the worst-case scenario, was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/127366081/deepwater-horizon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deepwater Horizon\u003c/a> accident in the Gulf of Mexico, which of course was many orders of magnitude greater than the \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-oil-spill-50-years-ago-inspired-first-earth-day-180972007/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Barbara blowout\u003c/a> in 1969. If you release oil that is under pressure, under the seabed, into the ocean in an uncontrolled fashion, and you can’t shut it off, it can continue for months or years. A scenario like Deepwater Horizon that happens off the coast of California would wipe out your commercial fishing industry and your coastal-dependent tourism industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can Trump get this done in California, amid so much opposition?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well I stopped making predictions about this when Donald Trump became president. One of his first acts in January 2018 was to announce he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/23/climate/trump-offshore-oil-drilling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">opening\u003c/a> about 90% of the U.S. coastline to offshore drilling, and most of that had been long protected under bipartisan congressional moratoria that was renewed year after year for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was disconcerting to say the least when a week after that announcement, his secretary of Interior, Ryan Zinke, walked out at the Tallahassee airport with Gov. Rick Scott and said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/09/climate/trump-florida-offshore-drilling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Florida\u003c/a> was off the table (for drilling). And that triggered about 16 different governors up and down the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of both parties saying, “We want out, too” — accompanied by about a dozen attorneys general from various states who filed suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the most common argument for drilling offshore in light of the accidents that have occurred?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well of course the first thing we always hear from the industry is, “Don’t worry, be happy. We will not have another accident.” And that’s usually shortly before they have another accident. And I think the determining factor for this particular decade was the Deepwater Horizon incident, which obviously was not only an environmental tragedy but a human tragedy in that workers died unnecessarily on that rig mostly because of negligence on the part of the operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much can California really do to thwart drilling in federal waters?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can find that the offshore drilling activity or some follow-on process like building the platform, building a terminal for tankers or barges, or building a pipeline is inconsistent with the state’s federally approved \u003ca href=\"https://coast.noaa.gov/czm/about/?redirect=301ocm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">coastal zone management plan.\u003c/a> In California, that would start with the California Coastal Commission, which is the oversight agency for that. During the 1980s, the state of California, the attorney general, and many local governments took then-Interior Secretary James Watt to the \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/464/312.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a> on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing a state can do is ban offshore drilling in its own state waters, which California did many years ago. Last year, California upped the ante by banning infrastructure to support federal offshore drilling anywhere in state waters, from the shoreline to three miles out. In doing that, you’re saying if you do lease, President Trump, off the coast of California, you’re not going to be able to bring it ashore. And that serves as an economic disincentive to the companies to even bid. It’s kind of the porcupine strategy of don’t mess with us. But it’s not a sure thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really the litigation is what has derailed Trump’s plan for now. But a lot of people don’t realize Southern California leasing under the Trump plan was going to begin next year in 2020. And Central California and Northern California in 2021, so this is something that’s coming very fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until David Bernhardt actually removes the five-year program from consideration, we’re not assuming it’s something we can trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There have been two developments since we spoke with Richard Charter. On Thursday, California Sen. Dianne Feinstein \u003ca href=\"https://www.feinstein.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=99562C5C-BEA3-44A4-9BA7-5A39CC976C83\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to “permanently ban offshore drilling in federal waters off the coast of California, Oregon and Washington.” The \u003c/em>\u003cem>bill is likely to face stiff opposition in the GOP-controlled Senate. Rep. Jared Huffman (D-San Rafael) is sponsoring a companion bill in the House.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>On the same day, citing “unnecessary regulatory burdens,” the Trump administration significantly \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/05/02/offshore-drilling-rules-1404098\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rewrote safety rules\u003c/a> for offshore drilling put in place after the disastrous Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The federal government hasn't issued leases for drilling along the Pacific coast since 1984. In an interview with KQED, ocean advocate Richard Charter discusses the administration's now-delayed plan to overturn this decades-long environmental policy.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In April, Interior Secretary David Bernhardt said the Trump administration was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1940755/u-s-interior-secretary-says-plans-for-offshore-drilling-are-now-on-hold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">putting on hold\u003c/a> its \u003ca href=\"https://www.boem.gov/NP-DPP-Map-Lower-48-States/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plans\u003c/a> to open up more coastal waters to oil and gas drilling, including off the coast of California. The decision follows a defeat in federal court and lots of pushback from coastal states, some of which supported Trump in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The first thing we always hear from the industry is, “Don’t worry, be happy. We will not have another accident.” And that’s usually shortly before they have another accident.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s been 35 years since new federal leases for drilling along the Pacific coast have been issued. Polls show that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/majority-opposition-drilling-includes-coastal-republicans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vast majority\u003c/a> of Californians and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/majority-opposition-drilling-includes-coastal-republicans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most Americans\u003c/a> oppose offshore drilling. But while the practice is banned in state waters, without federal legislation the possibility for renewed production more than 3 miles from shore still remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oceanfdn.org/our-story/fellows-and-heroes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Charter\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> is a longtime ocean protection advocate. He talked with KQED’s Brian Watt about the Trump administration’s efforts to upend longstanding policy on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the risks from offshore drilling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risks begin with the initial drilling, because there are routine discharges into the ocean that just happen day to day from normal operations. So you don’t need to have an accident to have toxics going into your near-shore coastal waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the big risk, of course, and sort of the poster child for the worst-case scenario, was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/tags/127366081/deepwater-horizon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deepwater Horizon\u003c/a> accident in the Gulf of Mexico, which of course was many orders of magnitude greater than the \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-oil-spill-50-years-ago-inspired-first-earth-day-180972007/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Barbara blowout\u003c/a> in 1969. If you release oil that is under pressure, under the seabed, into the ocean in an uncontrolled fashion, and you can’t shut it off, it can continue for months or years. A scenario like Deepwater Horizon that happens off the coast of California would wipe out your commercial fishing industry and your coastal-dependent tourism industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can Trump get this done in California, amid so much opposition?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well I stopped making predictions about this when Donald Trump became president. One of his first acts in January 2018 was to announce he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/23/climate/trump-offshore-oil-drilling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">opening\u003c/a> about 90% of the U.S. coastline to offshore drilling, and most of that had been long protected under bipartisan congressional moratoria that was renewed year after year for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was disconcerting to say the least when a week after that announcement, his secretary of Interior, Ryan Zinke, walked out at the Tallahassee airport with Gov. Rick Scott and said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/09/climate/trump-florida-offshore-drilling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Florida\u003c/a> was off the table (for drilling). And that triggered about 16 different governors up and down the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of both parties saying, “We want out, too” — accompanied by about a dozen attorneys general from various states who filed suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the most common argument for drilling offshore in light of the accidents that have occurred?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well of course the first thing we always hear from the industry is, “Don’t worry, be happy. We will not have another accident.” And that’s usually shortly before they have another accident. And I think the determining factor for this particular decade was the Deepwater Horizon incident, which obviously was not only an environmental tragedy but a human tragedy in that workers died unnecessarily on that rig mostly because of negligence on the part of the operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much can California really do to thwart drilling in federal waters?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can find that the offshore drilling activity or some follow-on process like building the platform, building a terminal for tankers or barges, or building a pipeline is inconsistent with the state’s federally approved \u003ca href=\"https://coast.noaa.gov/czm/about/?redirect=301ocm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">coastal zone management plan.\u003c/a> In California, that would start with the California Coastal Commission, which is the oversight agency for that. During the 1980s, the state of California, the attorney general, and many local governments took then-Interior Secretary James Watt to the \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/464/312.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a> on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing a state can do is ban offshore drilling in its own state waters, which California did many years ago. Last year, California upped the ante by banning infrastructure to support federal offshore drilling anywhere in state waters, from the shoreline to three miles out. In doing that, you’re saying if you do lease, President Trump, off the coast of California, you’re not going to be able to bring it ashore. And that serves as an economic disincentive to the companies to even bid. It’s kind of the porcupine strategy of don’t mess with us. But it’s not a sure thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really the litigation is what has derailed Trump’s plan for now. But a lot of people don’t realize Southern California leasing under the Trump plan was going to begin next year in 2020. And Central California and Northern California in 2021, so this is something that’s coming very fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until David Bernhardt actually removes the five-year program from consideration, we’re not assuming it’s something we can trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There have been two developments since we spoke with Richard Charter. On Thursday, California Sen. Dianne Feinstein \u003ca href=\"https://www.feinstein.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=99562C5C-BEA3-44A4-9BA7-5A39CC976C83\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to “permanently ban offshore drilling in federal waters off the coast of California, Oregon and Washington.” The \u003c/em>\u003cem>bill is likely to face stiff opposition in the GOP-controlled Senate. Rep. Jared Huffman (D-San Rafael) is sponsoring a companion bill in the House.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>On the same day, citing “unnecessary regulatory burdens,” the Trump administration significantly \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2019/05/02/offshore-drilling-rules-1404098\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rewrote safety rules\u003c/a> for offshore drilling put in place after the disastrous Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bill McKibben Sees Climate Strikes in Our Future",
"headTitle": "Bill McKibben Sees Climate Strikes in Our Future | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939172/bay-area-students-say-theyre-not-gonna-take-it-anymore-when-it-comes-to-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">student strike\u003c/a>, before \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change-greta-thunberg-eu-parliament-speech-sweden-a8873076.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greta Thunberg\u003c/a>, before \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-protests-climate-change/extinction-rebellion-has-a-message-for-the-world-weve-only-just-begun-idUSKCN1S731V\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extinction Rebellion,\u003c/a> there was \u003cstrong>Bill McKibben\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]‘We’ll be calling for adult climate strikes in the near future. We need to disrupt business as usual.’[/pullquote]For years, McKibben, the hard-charging environmentalist and author, has been at the forefront of the climate action movement. In 1989, he \u003ca href=\"http://billmckibben.com/end-of-nature-excerpt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> one of the first climate change books written for a general audience. In recent years, he’s aggressively \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/the-case-for-fossil-fuel-divestment-100243/\">made the case for fossil-fuel divestment\u003c/a> and encouraged environmental protest through the group he founded, \u003ca href=\"https://350.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">350.org\u003c/a>. The group’s name is derived from the measurement 350 parts per million, the upper limit of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere generally considered to be safe. (Yeah, we \u003ca href=\"https://weather.com/news/news/2019-04-04-current-co2-levels-highest-in-three-million-years\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blew past \u003c/a>it a few years ago.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKibben, appearing on KQED’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101870787/bill-mckibben-warns-of-dire-consequences-of-unchecked-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum\u003c/a>” radio program Tuesday, discussed the existential threat of climate change, which he calls “the most epic of fights” and is the central focus of his new book, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/books/review/bill-mckibben-falter.html\">Falter\u003c/a>.” Additionally, McKibben talked about President Trump, inequality, ExxonMobil and his skeptical view of genetic modification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts of McKibben’s answers, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The End of the Human Game?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I started talking about climate change when I was a young man, it was still a warning. Here’s what is going to happen if we don’t do the things that scientists tell us we should do. Since we didn’t do any of these things, it’s no longer a warning; it is now the brute reality of everyday life. Sometimes we see it up close with a camera. The whole world commiserated with California last fall, watching a town literally called Paradise turn into hell inside half-an-hour. Today, as we talk, Mozambique was just hit with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/heavy-rains-disrupt-aid-for-survivors-in-cyclone-battered-mozambique\">second record cyclone in a month\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Pressure Building.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt has been beautiful to watch the Green New Deal stuff. Those are mostly young people, and they are veterans of the fossil fuel divestment campaign. That divestment campaign around the world built up a great deal of pressure, we are at \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/16/divestment-fossil-fuel-industry-trillions-dollars-investments-carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$8 trillion\u003c/a> worth of endowments and portfolios that have divested. Now there is this magnificent pressure coming from \u003ca href=\"https://rebellion.earth/\">Extinction Rebellion\u003c/a> shutting down the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at what tens of millions of young people did around the world this year following the lead of Greta Thunberg in Sweden. We’ve seen these \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939172/bay-area-students-say-theyre-not-gonna-take-it-anymore-when-it-comes-to-climate-change\">climate strikes and walk outs from school\u003c/a>. Our job, now, is to do what those kids have asked and back them up. We’ll be calling for adult climate strikes in the near future. We need to disrupt business as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unprecedented Urgency of Democrats\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are waking up. There is a \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2019/images/04/29/rel6a.-.2020.democrats.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poll\u003c/a> out this morning from CNN, saying that among Democratic voters, climate change is now the number one issue, ahead of health care and the economy. You can see the response to that by all the Democratic candidates. They are talking about climate change nonstop and with a level of urgency that we’ve never seen. In the past, we used to pray that someone would ask one question about climate change. They never did. Now, it is a top-tier issue in the primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump Badly Out of Touch \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His insistence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climate change is a hoax\u003c/a> manufactured by the Chinese is—even for his most fervent supporters—a stretch. [Note: Trump later called this claim a “joke.”] If you were sitting on the BART train next to someone started muttering that climate change was a hoax manufactured by the Chinese, you’d get up and move seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Carbon Pricing Required\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no reason anymore not to have a \u003ca href=\"https://carbonpricingdashboard.worldbank.org/what-carbon-pricing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">price on carbon\u003c/a>. It is the only thing we are allowed to spew into the atmosphere for free. Where it would have been sufficient 30 years ago, but it no longer is sufficient, we have to do other things, too, as negotiations on a carbon price proceed. The oil industry, for a price on carbon, would demand a lot of things in return that are bad ideas. The most important job is to continue to build up enough political pressure so that when these negotiations take place, they take place in the best possible climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Exxon’s Culpability\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We now know from terrific investigative reporting from the L.A. Times, Columbia Journalism School, and the website \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/content/Exxon-The-Road-Not-Taken\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> that the big fossil fuel companies knew everything there was to know about climate change by the 1980s. Exxon was the richest company in the world, it had an endless staff of scientists, and its product was carbon, so of course they were going to figure out what it did. By 1982 or 1983, their scientists were telling their executives: ‘Here is how fast and how much it is going to warm.’ And their executives believed them. Exxon began building its drilling rigs to compensate for the rise in sea levels they knew was coming. What they didn’t do was tell the rest of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Worry Over Designer Babies\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some things that feel very much to me like climate change did 30 years ago, that are not yet fully played out in our world, but where the threat is very obvious and getting more so all the time. For instance, with human genetic engineering. In October a Chinese doctor produced the first two \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/11/26/670752865/chinese-scientist-says-hes-first-to-genetically-edit-babies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">designer babies\u003c/a> in human history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientific community has pushed back against this some, trying to draw up guidelines against this germline genetic manipulation, but it is very clear that there’s a bevy of entrepreneurs, many in Northern California, looking for the chance to sell people improved versions of their offspring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me, what’s interesting here, we took for granted the stability of the physical planet. It was very hard to get anyone to understand that it was possible inside of 30 years to melt most of the sea ice in the Arctic or change the chemical composition of the ocean. We take human meaning for granted, too. Once you start down these paths, it is hard to get off them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939172/bay-area-students-say-theyre-not-gonna-take-it-anymore-when-it-comes-to-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">student strike\u003c/a>, before \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change-greta-thunberg-eu-parliament-speech-sweden-a8873076.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greta Thunberg\u003c/a>, before \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-protests-climate-change/extinction-rebellion-has-a-message-for-the-world-weve-only-just-begun-idUSKCN1S731V\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extinction Rebellion,\u003c/a> there was \u003cstrong>Bill McKibben\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’ll be calling for adult climate strikes in the near future. We need to disrupt business as usual.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For years, McKibben, the hard-charging environmentalist and author, has been at the forefront of the climate action movement. In 1989, he \u003ca href=\"http://billmckibben.com/end-of-nature-excerpt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> one of the first climate change books written for a general audience. In recent years, he’s aggressively \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/the-case-for-fossil-fuel-divestment-100243/\">made the case for fossil-fuel divestment\u003c/a> and encouraged environmental protest through the group he founded, \u003ca href=\"https://350.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">350.org\u003c/a>. The group’s name is derived from the measurement 350 parts per million, the upper limit of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere generally considered to be safe. (Yeah, we \u003ca href=\"https://weather.com/news/news/2019-04-04-current-co2-levels-highest-in-three-million-years\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blew past \u003c/a>it a few years ago.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKibben, appearing on KQED’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101870787/bill-mckibben-warns-of-dire-consequences-of-unchecked-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum\u003c/a>” radio program Tuesday, discussed the existential threat of climate change, which he calls “the most epic of fights” and is the central focus of his new book, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/books/review/bill-mckibben-falter.html\">Falter\u003c/a>.” Additionally, McKibben talked about President Trump, inequality, ExxonMobil and his skeptical view of genetic modification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts of McKibben’s answers, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The End of the Human Game?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I started talking about climate change when I was a young man, it was still a warning. Here’s what is going to happen if we don’t do the things that scientists tell us we should do. Since we didn’t do any of these things, it’s no longer a warning; it is now the brute reality of everyday life. Sometimes we see it up close with a camera. The whole world commiserated with California last fall, watching a town literally called Paradise turn into hell inside half-an-hour. Today, as we talk, Mozambique was just hit with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/heavy-rains-disrupt-aid-for-survivors-in-cyclone-battered-mozambique\">second record cyclone in a month\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Pressure Building.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt has been beautiful to watch the Green New Deal stuff. Those are mostly young people, and they are veterans of the fossil fuel divestment campaign. That divestment campaign around the world built up a great deal of pressure, we are at \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/16/divestment-fossil-fuel-industry-trillions-dollars-investments-carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$8 trillion\u003c/a> worth of endowments and portfolios that have divested. Now there is this magnificent pressure coming from \u003ca href=\"https://rebellion.earth/\">Extinction Rebellion\u003c/a> shutting down the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at what tens of millions of young people did around the world this year following the lead of Greta Thunberg in Sweden. We’ve seen these \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939172/bay-area-students-say-theyre-not-gonna-take-it-anymore-when-it-comes-to-climate-change\">climate strikes and walk outs from school\u003c/a>. Our job, now, is to do what those kids have asked and back them up. We’ll be calling for adult climate strikes in the near future. We need to disrupt business as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unprecedented Urgency of Democrats\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are waking up. There is a \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2019/images/04/29/rel6a.-.2020.democrats.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">poll\u003c/a> out this morning from CNN, saying that among Democratic voters, climate change is now the number one issue, ahead of health care and the economy. You can see the response to that by all the Democratic candidates. They are talking about climate change nonstop and with a level of urgency that we’ve never seen. In the past, we used to pray that someone would ask one question about climate change. They never did. Now, it is a top-tier issue in the primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump Badly Out of Touch \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His insistence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climate change is a hoax\u003c/a> manufactured by the Chinese is—even for his most fervent supporters—a stretch. [Note: Trump later called this claim a “joke.”] If you were sitting on the BART train next to someone started muttering that climate change was a hoax manufactured by the Chinese, you’d get up and move seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Carbon Pricing Required\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no reason anymore not to have a \u003ca href=\"https://carbonpricingdashboard.worldbank.org/what-carbon-pricing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">price on carbon\u003c/a>. It is the only thing we are allowed to spew into the atmosphere for free. Where it would have been sufficient 30 years ago, but it no longer is sufficient, we have to do other things, too, as negotiations on a carbon price proceed. The oil industry, for a price on carbon, would demand a lot of things in return that are bad ideas. The most important job is to continue to build up enough political pressure so that when these negotiations take place, they take place in the best possible climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Exxon’s Culpability\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We now know from terrific investigative reporting from the L.A. Times, Columbia Journalism School, and the website \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/content/Exxon-The-Road-Not-Taken\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> that the big fossil fuel companies knew everything there was to know about climate change by the 1980s. Exxon was the richest company in the world, it had an endless staff of scientists, and its product was carbon, so of course they were going to figure out what it did. By 1982 or 1983, their scientists were telling their executives: ‘Here is how fast and how much it is going to warm.’ And their executives believed them. Exxon began building its drilling rigs to compensate for the rise in sea levels they knew was coming. What they didn’t do was tell the rest of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Worry Over Designer Babies\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some things that feel very much to me like climate change did 30 years ago, that are not yet fully played out in our world, but where the threat is very obvious and getting more so all the time. For instance, with human genetic engineering. In October a Chinese doctor produced the first two \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/11/26/670752865/chinese-scientist-says-hes-first-to-genetically-edit-babies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">designer babies\u003c/a> in human history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientific community has pushed back against this some, trying to draw up guidelines against this germline genetic manipulation, but it is very clear that there’s a bevy of entrepreneurs, many in Northern California, looking for the chance to sell people improved versions of their offspring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me, what’s interesting here, we took for granted the stability of the physical planet. It was very hard to get anyone to understand that it was possible inside of 30 years to melt most of the sea ice in the Arctic or change the chemical composition of the ocean. We take human meaning for granted, too. Once you start down these paths, it is hard to get off them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency reaffirmed Tuesday that a popular weed killer is safe for people, as legal claims mount from Americans who blame the herbicide for their cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s draft conclusion Tuesday came in a periodic review of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup. The agency found that it posed “no risks of concern” for people exposed to it by any means — on farms, in yards and along roadsides, or as residue left on food crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s draft findings reaffirmed that glyphosate “is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two recent U.S. court verdicts have awarded multimillion-dollar claims to men who blame glyphosate for their lymphoma. Bayer, which acquired Roundup-maker Monsanto last year, advised investors in mid-April that it faced U.S. lawsuits from 13,400 people over alleged exposure to the weed killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bayer spokesmen did not immediately respond Tuesday to an email seeking comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nathan Donley, a scientist at the Center for Biological Diversity environmental group, said the agency is relying on industry-backed studies and ignoring research that points to higher risks of cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, part of the World Health Organization, classified glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans.” The agency said it relied on “limited” evidence of cancer in people and “sufficient” evidence of cancer in study animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA draft review says the agency found potential risk to mammals and birds that feed on leaves treated with glyphosate, and risk to plants. The agency is proposing adding restrictions to cut down on unintended drift of the weed killer, including not authorizing spraying it by air when winds are above 15 mph.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency reaffirmed Tuesday that a popular weed killer is safe for people, as legal claims mount from Americans who blame the herbicide for their cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s draft conclusion Tuesday came in a periodic review of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup. The agency found that it posed “no risks of concern” for people exposed to it by any means — on farms, in yards and along roadsides, or as residue left on food crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s draft findings reaffirmed that glyphosate “is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two recent U.S. court verdicts have awarded multimillion-dollar claims to men who blame glyphosate for their lymphoma. Bayer, which acquired Roundup-maker Monsanto last year, advised investors in mid-April that it faced U.S. lawsuits from 13,400 people over alleged exposure to the weed killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bayer spokesmen did not immediately respond Tuesday to an email seeking comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nathan Donley, a scientist at the Center for Biological Diversity environmental group, said the agency is relying on industry-backed studies and ignoring research that points to higher risks of cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, part of the World Health Organization, classified glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans.” The agency said it relied on “limited” evidence of cancer in people and “sufficient” evidence of cancer in study animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA draft review says the agency found potential risk to mammals and birds that feed on leaves treated with glyphosate, and risk to plants. The agency is proposing adding restrictions to cut down on unintended drift of the weed killer, including not authorizing spraying it by air when winds are above 15 mph.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Congress is once again debating how to dispose of the country’s growing inventory of nuclear waste. Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., is \u003ca href=\"https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases-republican?ID=AF869491-AE50-4E9E-8EB6-0828A6445E9E\">proposing legislation\u003c/a> that would jump-start licensing hearings for the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste storage site in Nevada. The Trump administration also is \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/256af181e3894f05857fdfc970979d08\">asking Congress for money\u003c/a> to resume work on that decades old \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=101689489\">project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may not end local opposition or a longstanding political stalemate. And in the meantime, nuclear plants are running out of room to store spent fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Running Out of Room\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]A California company wants to store spent nuclear fuel in holes drilled at least 1,000 feet underground in stable rock formations. The company says the waste would be separate from groundwater and in a place where it can’t hurt people.[/pullquote]The \u003ca href=\"https://www.exeloncorp.com/locations/power-plants/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station\">Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station\u003c/a> in south-central Pennsylvania illustrates the problem. It’s one of 80 sites, across dozens of states, where nearly 80,000 metric tons of \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/key_issues/disposal_of_highlevel_nuclear_waste/issue_summary\">waste \u003c/a>from power plants is stored where it was generated, at taxpayer expense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spent fuel removed from the Peach Bottom reactor is first stored in racks in a big pool. It’s surrounded by a bright yellow plastic barrier and signs that read “Caution: Radiation Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are under about 22 feet of water,” says reactor engineering manager Mark Parrish. “They are continuously being cooled, as they still have some amount of decay heat even after they’ve operated in the reactor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2019/04/26/doe-nuclear-facility-map_custom-17cd75e21c8e115bf5293142386957a0ed5d62ef-s800-c85.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California is home to four sites for high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. (Department of Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spent fuel stays here for seven to 10 years while it cools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s safe to remove the spent fuel from the pool, it’s stored outside in white metal casks that look like big hot water heaters. They are lined up on a concrete base behind razor wire and against a hillside near the power plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently there are 89 casks at Peach Bottom with room for three more, says Pat Navin, site vice president for Exelon, the company that partially owns and operates the power plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is 40 years worth of spent fuel stored over there currently and it’s less than the size of a football field,” says Navin. “Probably half a football field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surprisingly small amount of waste when you consider that’s enough spent fuel to produce about 10 percent of Pennsylvania’s electricity over four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But without a permanent disposal site, Navin says they’re going to run out of room. So they’re expanding the temporary storage to hold all the waste generated through the 60 years the plant is licensed to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Navin says this storage is safe. The metal containers are sturdy enough to withstand things like an earthquake and, eventually, a move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the opportunity comes for these to be sent somewhere else then these will double as a shipping container as well,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Private Companies Propose Their Own Storage Plans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the waste piles up, private companies are stepping in with their own solutions for the nation’s radioactive spent fuel. One is proposing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/11/709600915/new-mexico-is-divided-over-the-perfect-site-to-store-nation-s-nuclear-waste\">temporary storage site in New Mexico\u003c/a>, and another is seeking a license for a site in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most experts agree that what’s needed is a permanent site, like Yucca Mountain, that doesn’t require humans to manage it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Institutions go away,” says Edwin Lyman, acting director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear-power\">Nuclear Safety Project\u003c/a> at the Union of Concerned Scientists. “There’s no guarantee the owner will still be around for the duration of time when that waste remains dangerous, which is tens or hundreds of thousands of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California company says it has a viable plan for permanent storage. \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepisolation.com/\">Deep Isolation\u003c/a> wants to store spent fuel in holes drilled at least 1,000 feet underground in stable rock formations. The company says the waste would be separate from groundwater and in a place where it can’t hurt people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like to imagine having a playground at the top of the Deep Isolation bore hole where my kids and I can go play,” says CEO Elizabeth Muller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last November, Muller’s company conducted a test north of Austin, Texas. Crews lowered an 80-pound canister into a drilled hole. It was a simulation, so no radioactive substances were involved. The goal was to determine whether they could also retrieve the canister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test was successful, and that’s important. Regulators require retrieval, because new technology could develop to better deal with the spent fuel. And the public is less likely to accept disposal programs that can’t be reversed, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1378_web.pdf\">International Atomic Energy Agency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proving the waste can be retrieved may be the easy part. The bigger challenge is federal law, which doesn’t allow private companies to permanently store nuclear waste from power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current law also says all the waste should end up at Yucca Mountain in Nevada. By contrast, Deep Isolation’s technology would store waste at sites around the country, likely near existing nuclear power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just don’t see how there would be political support from every other state, other than Nevada, for changing the law, so that spent nuclear fuel could stay in your state forever,” says Lyman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the law, all that waste in dozens of states is staying put for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+Nuclear+Waste+Piles+Up%2C+Private+Companies+Pitch+New+Ways+To+Store+It&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Congress is once again debating how to dispose of the country’s growing inventory of nuclear waste. Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., is \u003ca href=\"https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases-republican?ID=AF869491-AE50-4E9E-8EB6-0828A6445E9E\">proposing legislation\u003c/a> that would jump-start licensing hearings for the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste storage site in Nevada. The Trump administration also is \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/256af181e3894f05857fdfc970979d08\">asking Congress for money\u003c/a> to resume work on that decades old \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=101689489\">project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may not end local opposition or a longstanding political stalemate. And in the meantime, nuclear plants are running out of room to store spent fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Running Out of Room\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "A California company wants to store spent nuclear fuel in holes drilled at least 1,000 feet underground in stable rock formations. The company says the waste would be separate from groundwater and in a place where it can’t hurt people.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.exeloncorp.com/locations/power-plants/peach-bottom-atomic-power-station\">Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station\u003c/a> in south-central Pennsylvania illustrates the problem. It’s one of 80 sites, across dozens of states, where nearly 80,000 metric tons of \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/key_issues/disposal_of_highlevel_nuclear_waste/issue_summary\">waste \u003c/a>from power plants is stored where it was generated, at taxpayer expense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spent fuel removed from the Peach Bottom reactor is first stored in racks in a big pool. It’s surrounded by a bright yellow plastic barrier and signs that read “Caution: Radiation Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are under about 22 feet of water,” says reactor engineering manager Mark Parrish. “They are continuously being cooled, as they still have some amount of decay heat even after they’ve operated in the reactor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2019/04/26/doe-nuclear-facility-map_custom-17cd75e21c8e115bf5293142386957a0ed5d62ef-s800-c85.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California is home to four sites for high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. (Department of Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spent fuel stays here for seven to 10 years while it cools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s safe to remove the spent fuel from the pool, it’s stored outside in white metal casks that look like big hot water heaters. They are lined up on a concrete base behind razor wire and against a hillside near the power plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently there are 89 casks at Peach Bottom with room for three more, says Pat Navin, site vice president for Exelon, the company that partially owns and operates the power plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is 40 years worth of spent fuel stored over there currently and it’s less than the size of a football field,” says Navin. “Probably half a football field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surprisingly small amount of waste when you consider that’s enough spent fuel to produce about 10 percent of Pennsylvania’s electricity over four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But without a permanent disposal site, Navin says they’re going to run out of room. So they’re expanding the temporary storage to hold all the waste generated through the 60 years the plant is licensed to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Navin says this storage is safe. The metal containers are sturdy enough to withstand things like an earthquake and, eventually, a move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the opportunity comes for these to be sent somewhere else then these will double as a shipping container as well,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Private Companies Propose Their Own Storage Plans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the waste piles up, private companies are stepping in with their own solutions for the nation’s radioactive spent fuel. One is proposing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/11/709600915/new-mexico-is-divided-over-the-perfect-site-to-store-nation-s-nuclear-waste\">temporary storage site in New Mexico\u003c/a>, and another is seeking a license for a site in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most experts agree that what’s needed is a permanent site, like Yucca Mountain, that doesn’t require humans to manage it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Institutions go away,” says Edwin Lyman, acting director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear-power\">Nuclear Safety Project\u003c/a> at the Union of Concerned Scientists. “There’s no guarantee the owner will still be around for the duration of time when that waste remains dangerous, which is tens or hundreds of thousands of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California company says it has a viable plan for permanent storage. \u003ca href=\"https://www.deepisolation.com/\">Deep Isolation\u003c/a> wants to store spent fuel in holes drilled at least 1,000 feet underground in stable rock formations. The company says the waste would be separate from groundwater and in a place where it can’t hurt people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like to imagine having a playground at the top of the Deep Isolation bore hole where my kids and I can go play,” says CEO Elizabeth Muller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last November, Muller’s company conducted a test north of Austin, Texas. Crews lowered an 80-pound canister into a drilled hole. It was a simulation, so no radioactive substances were involved. The goal was to determine whether they could also retrieve the canister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test was successful, and that’s important. Regulators require retrieval, because new technology could develop to better deal with the spent fuel. And the public is less likely to accept disposal programs that can’t be reversed, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1378_web.pdf\">International Atomic Energy Agency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proving the waste can be retrieved may be the easy part. The bigger challenge is federal law, which doesn’t allow private companies to permanently store nuclear waste from power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current law also says all the waste should end up at Yucca Mountain in Nevada. By contrast, Deep Isolation’s technology would store waste at sites around the country, likely near existing nuclear power plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just don’t see how there would be political support from every other state, other than Nevada, for changing the law, so that spent nuclear fuel could stay in your state forever,” says Lyman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the law, all that waste in dozens of states is staying put for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+Nuclear+Waste+Piles+Up%2C+Private+Companies+Pitch+New+Ways+To+Store+It&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is postponing controversial plans to greatly expand oil and gas drilling off of the nation’s coasts, following a recent setback in court and months of pushback from coastal communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a federal judge in Alaska ruled that President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.alaskapublic.org/2019/03/29/judge-blocks-trump-administration-move-to-undo-obama-ban-on-arctic-oil-leasing/\">exceeded his authority \u003c/a>when he signed an executive order to lift an Obama-era ban on oil and gas drilling in parts of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision immediately reinstated those protections, and was a major blow to the administration’s efforts to boost oil and gas development across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Trump administration is expected to appeal the decision, a resolution could be a long way off. That makes it uncertain where new oil leases may eventually be allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with The Wall Street Journal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/trumps-offshore-oil-drilling-plan-sidelined-indefinitely-11556208950\">published Thursday\u003c/a>, newly confirmed Interior Secretary David Bernhardt said that his agency may wait for the court process to play out before moving forward with plans to open up more than 90 percent of all federal waters to offshore oil and gas leasing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time the court rules, that may be discombobulating to our plan,” Bernhardt told the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Trump administration said it would move to allow offshore oil and gas leasing in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/04/575441542/trump-administration-opens-door-to-dramatic-expansion-of-offshore-energy-leases\">nearly all of the nation’s coastal waters\u003c/a>. The proposal was met with instant criticism from environmental groups and governors’ offices along the East and West coasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even some Republican lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/11/577279652/other-states-ask-for-offshore-drilling-exemption-like-floridas\">joined in the backlash\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All had been waiting months for a new version of the plan, which had been expected anytime\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> But during his confirmation hearing last month, Bernhardt told lawmakers that the plan was still in its beginning stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His interview with The Wall Street Journal was his first since being confirmed as the nation’s top land steward, and appeared to put the proposal on indefinite hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the recent court decision, the Department is simply evaluating all of its options to determine the best pathway to accomplish the mission entrusted to it by the President,” Interior spokeswoman Molly Block confirmed in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan’s critics are celebrating the delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This decision is the result of constant pressure from coastal communities, environmental groups, and elected official who made it abundantly clear that offshore oil and gas drilling is dangerous, unwanted, and a threat to our economy and way of life,” said Virginia Democratic Congressman Joe Cunningham in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacqueline Savitz, chief policy officer at Oceana, an ocean conservation group, says that she is encouraged by the move, “but until the Trump plan is final, the President is positioned to open up our coasts at a moment’s notice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Puts+Offshore+Drilling+Plan+On+Hold+After+Setback+In+Court&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time the court rules, that may be discombobulating to our plan,” Bernhardt told the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the Trump administration said it would move to allow offshore oil and gas leasing in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/04/575441542/trump-administration-opens-door-to-dramatic-expansion-of-offshore-energy-leases\">nearly all of the nation’s coastal waters\u003c/a>. The proposal was met with instant criticism from environmental groups and governors’ offices along the East and West coasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even some Republican lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/11/577279652/other-states-ask-for-offshore-drilling-exemption-like-floridas\">joined in the backlash\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All had been waiting months for a new version of the plan, which had been expected anytime\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong> But during his confirmation hearing last month, Bernhardt told lawmakers that the plan was still in its beginning stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His interview with The Wall Street Journal was his first since being confirmed as the nation’s top land steward, and appeared to put the proposal on indefinite hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the recent court decision, the Department is simply evaluating all of its options to determine the best pathway to accomplish the mission entrusted to it by the President,” Interior spokeswoman Molly Block confirmed in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan’s critics are celebrating the delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This decision is the result of constant pressure from coastal communities, environmental groups, and elected official who made it abundantly clear that offshore oil and gas drilling is dangerous, unwanted, and a threat to our economy and way of life,” said Virginia Democratic Congressman Joe Cunningham in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacqueline Savitz, chief policy officer at Oceana, an ocean conservation group, says that she is encouraged by the move, “but until the Trump plan is final, the President is positioned to open up our coasts at a moment’s notice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Puts+Offshore+Drilling+Plan+On+Hold+After+Setback+In+Court&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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