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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area water system is a byzantine patchwork of agencies — more than 50 in all — that provides water to customers. Some are the ones you see on your water bill. Others are middlemen that provide water to local agencies at the the wholesale level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some of that water makes a long journey. Southern California has the reputation for tapping far-flung sources for its water needs, but the Bay Area is in the same boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the Bay Area’s water supply comes from outside the region, which means in extreme drought years like this one, local water districts are competing with many others around the state for limited supplies.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBay Area Water Districts by Major Source of Supply\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz?q=select+col3+from+1NIm7PuuPiHOm1RAm-VjyIsNslYCnTSSCWzLDS3c&viz=MAP&h=false&lat=37.72079799420169&lng=-122.23845001696753&t=1&z=8&l=col3&y=2&tmplt=2&hml=KML\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"640\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/key6.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-14726\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/key6.jpg\" alt=\"key6\" width=\"640\" height=\"153\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hetch Hetchy Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe system originates more than 100 miles from its primary customers, in Yosemite National Park. O’Shaughnessy Dam was built on the Tuolumne River in 1923 to create Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. The water travels through a series of pipelines before it reaches the Bay Area and blends with five local reservoirs. The Tuolumne River joins the San Joaquin River and flows into the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, advocates of restoring Hetch Hetchy Valley \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/century-old-battle-over-yosemites-second-valley-heats-up/\">put a measure on the San Francisco ballot\u003c/a> that would have required the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to study draining the reservoir and shifting the water to other storage facilities. The measure was defeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14633\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14633\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"368\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AHetchhetchyprojmap.jpg\">via Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14635\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 218px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14635\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024.jpg\" alt=\"(Source: CA DWR and USGS)\" width=\"218\" height=\"269\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Source: CA DWR and USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCalifornia’s two major rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, fed by half a dozen others, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">come together in this inland delta\u003c/a> just east of San Francisco Bay. The Delta’s watershed makes up about 45 percent of the state in all. Two-thirds of Californians use Delta water, delivered mainly through two major canal systems, the State Water Project and the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the prolonged drought, water officials have warned that there \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">could be no water deliveries\u003c/a> from either project this year, except for some drinking water supplies. The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has seen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">dramatic ecological decline\u003c/a> due to habitat loss, invasive species and highly altered water flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Russian River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 110-mile Russian River begins north of the Bay Area in Mendocino County and flows south until it reaches the Pacific Ocean west of Santa Rosa. There are three major reservoirs that are part of the water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mokelumne River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis river originates in the Central Sierra Nevada and flows west until it reaches the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. The East Bay Municipal Utility District built Pardee Dam on the river near Stockton in 1929. Water is delivered to the Bay Area through the 85-mile Mokelumne Aqueduct, which diverts the river’s water before it reaches the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14640\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/EBMUD.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/EBMUD.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Source: EBMUD)\" width=\"900\" height=\"390\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Source: EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lake Berryessa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 23 mile-long reservoir was created in Napa County in the 1950s, when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation built Monticello Dam on Putah Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Local Water Supplies\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany water districts use water from the surrounding watershed. It comes from local streams and rivers, fed by rainfall or is pumped from underground aquifers. Some districts also recycle water, which is primarily used for landscape irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/assets/graph/drought-2005ws-0214.jsp\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional research by Shara Tonn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area water system is a byzantine patchwork of agencies — more than 50 in all — that provides water to customers. Some are the ones you see on your water bill. Others are middlemen that provide water to local agencies at the the wholesale level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some of that water makes a long journey. Southern California has the reputation for tapping far-flung sources for its water needs, but the Bay Area is in the same boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the Bay Area’s water supply comes from outside the region, which means in extreme drought years like this one, local water districts are competing with many others around the state for limited supplies.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBay Area Water Districts by Major Source of Supply\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz?q=select+col3+from+1NIm7PuuPiHOm1RAm-VjyIsNslYCnTSSCWzLDS3c&viz=MAP&h=false&lat=37.72079799420169&lng=-122.23845001696753&t=1&z=8&l=col3&y=2&tmplt=2&hml=KML\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"640\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/key6.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-14726\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/key6.jpg\" alt=\"key6\" width=\"640\" height=\"153\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hetch Hetchy Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe system originates more than 100 miles from its primary customers, in Yosemite National Park. O’Shaughnessy Dam was built on the Tuolumne River in 1923 to create Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. The water travels through a series of pipelines before it reaches the Bay Area and blends with five local reservoirs. The Tuolumne River joins the San Joaquin River and flows into the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, advocates of restoring Hetch Hetchy Valley \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/century-old-battle-over-yosemites-second-valley-heats-up/\">put a measure on the San Francisco ballot\u003c/a> that would have required the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to study draining the reservoir and shifting the water to other storage facilities. The measure was defeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14633\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14633\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"368\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AHetchhetchyprojmap.jpg\">via Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14635\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 218px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14635\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024.jpg\" alt=\"(Source: CA DWR and USGS)\" width=\"218\" height=\"269\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Source: CA DWR and USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCalifornia’s two major rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, fed by half a dozen others, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">come together in this inland delta\u003c/a> just east of San Francisco Bay. The Delta’s watershed makes up about 45 percent of the state in all. Two-thirds of Californians use Delta water, delivered mainly through two major canal systems, the State Water Project and the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the prolonged drought, water officials have warned that there \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">could be no water deliveries\u003c/a> from either project this year, except for some drinking water supplies. The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has seen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">dramatic ecological decline\u003c/a> due to habitat loss, invasive species and highly altered water flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Russian River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 110-mile Russian River begins north of the Bay Area in Mendocino County and flows south until it reaches the Pacific Ocean west of Santa Rosa. There are three major reservoirs that are part of the water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mokelumne River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis river originates in the Central Sierra Nevada and flows west until it reaches the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. The East Bay Municipal Utility District built Pardee Dam on the river near Stockton in 1929. Water is delivered to the Bay Area through the 85-mile Mokelumne Aqueduct, which diverts the river’s water before it reaches the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14640\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/EBMUD.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/EBMUD.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Source: EBMUD)\" width=\"900\" height=\"390\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Source: EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lake Berryessa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 23 mile-long reservoir was created in Napa County in the 1950s, when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation built Monticello Dam on Putah Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Local Water Supplies\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany water districts use water from the surrounding watershed. It comes from local streams and rivers, fed by rainfall or is pumped from underground aquifers. Some districts also recycle water, which is primarily used for landscape irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/assets/graph/drought-2005ws-0214.jsp\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional research by Shara Tonn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Latest series of storms is expected to douse entire region. But the drought? It’s still with us. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/new-storm-arrives-in-san-francisco-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/new-storm-arrives-in-san-francisco-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Rain Visits Bay Area, Snow Falls in Sierra, and We Quietly Rejoice\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Fukushima Radiation on its Way to California, Scientists Say it Poses No Threat",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14590 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/beach-e1393293321141.jpg\" alt=\"The California coast is -- so far -- free of Cesium-134, the radioactive isotope traveling across the ocean from the Fukushima nuclear power plant. (Damian Gadal/Flickr) http://www.flickr.com/photos/23024164@N06/11975479114/\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California coast is — so far — free of Cesium-134, the radioactive isotope traveling across the Pacific from the Fukushima nuclear power plant. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/23024164@N06/11975479114/\">Damian Gadal/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Radiation in the ocean from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011 in Japan has yet to reach the California coast, scientists said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have detected miniscule amounts of the radioactive isotope \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclides/cesium.html\">cesium-134\u003c/a> in the ocean off Vancouver, Canada, as John Norton Smith, a senior research scientist at Canada’s Bedford Institute of Oceanography, said at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in Hawaii. It’s at levels lower than naturally occurring radiation, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Factsheets/English/polonium210.html\">polonium-210\u003c/a>, which is already in the ocean, he said.\u003cdel datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:33\">\u003c/del>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are testing samples and using models to try to zero in on when it will reach the California coast — they say they expect it this spring — and how much there will be when it does, said Ken Buesseler, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have also detected radioactive cesium-137 in the ocean. This is not a surprise, said Buesseler. It’s been around since the nuclear weapons tests in the 1950s and 1960s. With a half-life of 30 years, it’s going away, but still around in trace amounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘It’s clearly not an environmental or human health radiological threat.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of the outstanding questions now is, how much cesium-134 — the stuff from Fukushima — will eventually make it to our coast?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data collected by scientists at the Bedford Institute fits into two different models — one predicting that it could reach levels comparable to the levels of cesium-137 when weapons testing was still going on, the other that it would be closer to cesium-137 levels in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really a little hard to predict at this moment which model is correct, said Smith. Either outcome, he emphasizes, is not dangerous to humans because the levels are so low.\u003cins cite=\"mailto:LENOVO%20USER\" datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:18\">\u003c/ins>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clearly not an environmental or human health radiological threat,” he said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”06629c71697c48c363c830394a2736cc”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it does start arriving researchers will know, said Buesseler. He’s organizing a \u003ca href=\"http://ourradioactiveocean.org/\">citizen science project\u003c/a>, in which volunteers all over the West Coast collect ocean water samples to test for radioactivity. Collection points in California include Point Reyes, Pacifica and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not here yet,” Buesseler said. “When we’re talking about the arrival of the plume — and, you know, I’m the first person to say radioactivity can be quite dangerous, we should be concerned — but maybe not at the levels we’re going to expect coming across from Japan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another radiation-detecting project underway in California is Kelp Watch 2014, a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/01/15/new-fukushima-radiation-study-will-focus-on-west-coast-kelp-forests/\">program to monitor kelp forests\u003c/a> on the coast for cesium-134.\u003cins cite=\"mailto:LENOVO%20USER\" datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:19\">\u003c/ins>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14590 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/beach-e1393293321141.jpg\" alt=\"The California coast is -- so far -- free of Cesium-134, the radioactive isotope traveling across the ocean from the Fukushima nuclear power plant. (Damian Gadal/Flickr) http://www.flickr.com/photos/23024164@N06/11975479114/\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California coast is — so far — free of Cesium-134, the radioactive isotope traveling across the Pacific from the Fukushima nuclear power plant. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/23024164@N06/11975479114/\">Damian Gadal/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Radiation in the ocean from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011 in Japan has yet to reach the California coast, scientists said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have detected miniscule amounts of the radioactive isotope \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclides/cesium.html\">cesium-134\u003c/a> in the ocean off Vancouver, Canada, as John Norton Smith, a senior research scientist at Canada’s Bedford Institute of Oceanography, said at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in Hawaii. It’s at levels lower than naturally occurring radiation, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Factsheets/English/polonium210.html\">polonium-210\u003c/a>, which is already in the ocean, he said.\u003cdel datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:33\">\u003c/del>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are testing samples and using models to try to zero in on when it will reach the California coast — they say they expect it this spring — and how much there will be when it does, said Ken Buesseler, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have also detected radioactive cesium-137 in the ocean. This is not a surprise, said Buesseler. It’s been around since the nuclear weapons tests in the 1950s and 1960s. With a half-life of 30 years, it’s going away, but still around in trace amounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘It’s clearly not an environmental or human health radiological threat.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of the outstanding questions now is, how much cesium-134 — the stuff from Fukushima — will eventually make it to our coast?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data collected by scientists at the Bedford Institute fits into two different models — one predicting that it could reach levels comparable to the levels of cesium-137 when weapons testing was still going on, the other that it would be closer to cesium-137 levels in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really a little hard to predict at this moment which model is correct, said Smith. Either outcome, he emphasizes, is not dangerous to humans because the levels are so low.\u003cins cite=\"mailto:LENOVO%20USER\" datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:18\">\u003c/ins>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s clearly not an environmental or human health radiological threat,” he said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it does start arriving researchers will know, said Buesseler. He’s organizing a \u003ca href=\"http://ourradioactiveocean.org/\">citizen science project\u003c/a>, in which volunteers all over the West Coast collect ocean water samples to test for radioactivity. Collection points in California include Point Reyes, Pacifica and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not here yet,” Buesseler said. “When we’re talking about the arrival of the plume — and, you know, I’m the first person to say radioactivity can be quite dangerous, we should be concerned — but maybe not at the levels we’re going to expect coming across from Japan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another radiation-detecting project underway in California is Kelp Watch 2014, a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/01/15/new-fukushima-radiation-study-will-focus-on-west-coast-kelp-forests/\">program to monitor kelp forests\u003c/a> on the coast for cesium-134.\u003cins cite=\"mailto:LENOVO%20USER\" datetime=\"2014-02-24T17:19\">\u003c/ins>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Drought One More Setback for River That Runs Dry",
"headTitle": "California Drought One More Setback for River That Runs Dry | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/02/20140224science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14545\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01081-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01081-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Hueth holds up a tagged Chinook salmon for a photograph before it's released into the San Joaquin River. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Hueth holds up a tagged Chinook salmon for a photo before releasing it into the San Joaquin River. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s historic drought means tight water supplies for everyone this year. It’s putting environmental restoration projects in the spotlight, especially the effort to bring salmon back to the state’s second longest river, the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican House Speaker John Boehner singled out the project when he visited California last month. The House \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/03/brown-blasts-gop-drought-bill-as-divisive\">recently passed a bill\u003c/a> that would end the restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How you can favor fish over people is something people in my part of the world would never understand,” Boehner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>River That Runs Dry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you’re looking at is the main channel of the river and there’s no water in it,” said Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council, looking at a dusty riverbed outside of Los Banos in the Central Valley. The drought is one reason this stretch isn’t full of water, but it’s not the only reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a highly altered river,” said Schmitt. “The federal government built Friant Dam and for 60 years, dried up the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin River runs from the west slope of the Sierra Nevada down to San Francisco Bay. In the 1940s, a new dam near Fresno corralled the river to irrigate a million acres of Central Valley farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14543\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4290-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4290-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"In many years, this channel connecting the San Joaquin River outside of Los Banos runs dry. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In many years, this channel connecting the San Joaquin River outside of Los Banos runs dry. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just that change alone had a huge impact on the river,” Schmitt said. “Obviously all the salmon were wiped out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friant Dam diverted so much water that large sections of the river – up to 60 miles – went completely dry in most years. It was the end of the state’s second-largest salmon run, at least until recently. NRDC sued the federal government and in 2006, signed a settlement agreement with farmers and the federal government that launched the return of Chinook salmon to the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salmon Return to the River\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, a state and federal restoration team pulled a Chinook salmon out of a net they had stretched across the lower San Joaquin, where downstream tributaries get the river flowing again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We take measurements on the length of the fish and we check them to see the ripeness for the males and females,” said Matt Bigelow of California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife, examining a large female Chinook with a smattering of black spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ripeness – meaning eggs and sperm. These salmon were trying to get upstream to reproduce and were getting some help from a kind of salmon shuttle service. Bigelow and his team loaded them in a tanker truck that would haul them upstream, past the dry part of the river, and release them near Friant Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14546\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01101-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14546\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01101-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A restoration team brings in a Chinook salmon caught in the lower reaches of the river. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A restoration team brings in a Chinook salmon caught in the lower reaches of the river. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Obviously what we’re doing right here, this is quite a bit of intervention to get fish up into suitable spawning habitat,” said Gerald Hatler, the restoration program manager with California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Returning salmon to the San Joaquin River means moving them fish-by-fish right now, because the river isn’t quite ready for water to start flowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a lot of things that need to happen,” said Hatler. “There’s still substantial physical barriers to the fish moving upstream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”3493ef1327062e0a6024ff7b5915e9b3″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews need to screen off water pipes and intakes and put in drains to prevent farmland from flooding. Under the restoration plan, the river won’t start flowing again until more of those projects are done, and they’re behind schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 adult salmon were moved upstream during the winter and their young recently hatched. Without river flows, the young won’t be able to reach the ocean on their own, at least not without a miracle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Mother Nature gives us a lot of water in the spring of 2014, we may see a large number of those juveniles make their way out,” Hatler said in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chances of that happening are slim to none at this point, so the restoration team is \u003ca href=\"http://www.usbr.gov/mp/nepa/nepa_projdetails.cfm?Project_ID=16361\">planning to move the young salmon\u003c/a> downstream in trucks, just like their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14547\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4217-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14547\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4217-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"An old stretch of the San Joaqun river runs through some of Cannon Michael's 10,000 acres. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An old stretch of the San Joaquin river runs through some of Cannon Michael’s 10,000 acres. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Heat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is it’s not going according to plan,” said Cannon Michael of Bowles Farming Company. He farms 10,000 acres just outside Los Banos and an old fork of the San Joaquin runs right through it. It’s choked with dry vegetation, but it’s on the list for restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the progress they’re making in terms of physical projects, this is way down the road,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael says there’s been a lot of frustration. Farmers agreed to give up about 18 percent of their water under the restoration, in exchange for new water supply projects and barriers to keep the river from encroaching onto their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t just put back fish and spend a lot of money trucking them around the river,” Michael said. “Don’t you want to get the river fixed to the point where you can have them go up the river instead of trucking them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first phase of the project is expected to cost $500 million, with the bulk of it coming from Congress. But with the economic downturn, appropriations have been slow. Still, after eight years of work, Michael doesn’t want to see the project in the political cross hairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4362-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4362-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council stands near a stretch of river that's been cut off for decades. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council stands near a stretch of river that’s been cut off for decades. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Let’s find a way to get people back on board with it instead of it being a divisive thing where the GOP maybe is using it as a tool,” Michael said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The old model is to sit in court, fighting each other,” Schmitt said. “Instead we all sat down and we worked something out that we all could live with and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmitt said he’s looking at a \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/sen-dianne-feinstein-on\">drought bill from Senator Dianne Feinstein\u003c/a> that could help some of the restoration projects get rolling. Even if that happens, the river wouldn’t start flowing this year. Federal officials have said the flows will be cut because of the extreme drought.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Just as salmon are being returned to the San Joaquin River, the extreme drought is bringing political heat to one of the most ambitious environmental restoration efforts in the state.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14545\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01081-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01081-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Hueth holds up a tagged Chinook salmon for a photograph before it's released into the San Joaquin River. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Hueth holds up a tagged Chinook salmon for a photo before releasing it into the San Joaquin River. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s historic drought means tight water supplies for everyone this year. It’s putting environmental restoration projects in the spotlight, especially the effort to bring salmon back to the state’s second longest river, the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican House Speaker John Boehner singled out the project when he visited California last month. The House \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/03/brown-blasts-gop-drought-bill-as-divisive\">recently passed a bill\u003c/a> that would end the restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How you can favor fish over people is something people in my part of the world would never understand,” Boehner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>River That Runs Dry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you’re looking at is the main channel of the river and there’s no water in it,” said Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council, looking at a dusty riverbed outside of Los Banos in the Central Valley. The drought is one reason this stretch isn’t full of water, but it’s not the only reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a highly altered river,” said Schmitt. “The federal government built Friant Dam and for 60 years, dried up the river.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin River runs from the west slope of the Sierra Nevada down to San Francisco Bay. In the 1940s, a new dam near Fresno corralled the river to irrigate a million acres of Central Valley farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14543\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4290-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4290-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"In many years, this channel connecting the San Joaquin River outside of Los Banos runs dry. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In many years, this channel connecting the San Joaquin River outside of Los Banos runs dry. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Just that change alone had a huge impact on the river,” Schmitt said. “Obviously all the salmon were wiped out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friant Dam diverted so much water that large sections of the river – up to 60 miles – went completely dry in most years. It was the end of the state’s second-largest salmon run, at least until recently. NRDC sued the federal government and in 2006, signed a settlement agreement with farmers and the federal government that launched the return of Chinook salmon to the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salmon Return to the River\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, a state and federal restoration team pulled a Chinook salmon out of a net they had stretched across the lower San Joaquin, where downstream tributaries get the river flowing again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We take measurements on the length of the fish and we check them to see the ripeness for the males and females,” said Matt Bigelow of California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife, examining a large female Chinook with a smattering of black spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ripeness – meaning eggs and sperm. These salmon were trying to get upstream to reproduce and were getting some help from a kind of salmon shuttle service. Bigelow and his team loaded them in a tanker truck that would haul them upstream, past the dry part of the river, and release them near Friant Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14546\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01101-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14546\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DSC01101-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A restoration team brings in a Chinook salmon caught in the lower reaches of the river. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A restoration team brings in a Chinook salmon caught in the lower reaches of the river. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Obviously what we’re doing right here, this is quite a bit of intervention to get fish up into suitable spawning habitat,” said Gerald Hatler, the restoration program manager with California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Returning salmon to the San Joaquin River means moving them fish-by-fish right now, because the river isn’t quite ready for water to start flowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a lot of things that need to happen,” said Hatler. “There’s still substantial physical barriers to the fish moving upstream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews need to screen off water pipes and intakes and put in drains to prevent farmland from flooding. Under the restoration plan, the river won’t start flowing again until more of those projects are done, and they’re behind schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 adult salmon were moved upstream during the winter and their young recently hatched. Without river flows, the young won’t be able to reach the ocean on their own, at least not without a miracle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Mother Nature gives us a lot of water in the spring of 2014, we may see a large number of those juveniles make their way out,” Hatler said in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chances of that happening are slim to none at this point, so the restoration team is \u003ca href=\"http://www.usbr.gov/mp/nepa/nepa_projdetails.cfm?Project_ID=16361\">planning to move the young salmon\u003c/a> downstream in trucks, just like their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14547\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4217-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14547\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4217-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"An old stretch of the San Joaqun river runs through some of Cannon Michael's 10,000 acres. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An old stretch of the San Joaquin river runs through some of Cannon Michael’s 10,000 acres. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Heat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is it’s not going according to plan,” said Cannon Michael of Bowles Farming Company. He farms 10,000 acres just outside Los Banos and an old fork of the San Joaquin runs right through it. It’s choked with dry vegetation, but it’s on the list for restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the progress they’re making in terms of physical projects, this is way down the road,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael says there’s been a lot of frustration. Farmers agreed to give up about 18 percent of their water under the restoration, in exchange for new water supply projects and barriers to keep the river from encroaching onto their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t just put back fish and spend a lot of money trucking them around the river,” Michael said. “Don’t you want to get the river fixed to the point where you can have them go up the river instead of trucking them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first phase of the project is expected to cost $500 million, with the bulk of it coming from Congress. But with the economic downturn, appropriations have been slow. Still, after eight years of work, Michael doesn’t want to see the project in the political cross hairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4362-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Drought_JoshC-4362-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council stands near a stretch of river that's been cut off for decades. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council stands near a stretch of river that’s been cut off for decades. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Let’s find a way to get people back on board with it instead of it being a divisive thing where the GOP maybe is using it as a tool,” Michael said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monty Schmitt of the Natural Resources Defense Council agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The old model is to sit in court, fighting each other,” Schmitt said. “Instead we all sat down and we worked something out that we all could live with and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schmitt said he’s looking at a \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/sen-dianne-feinstein-on\">drought bill from Senator Dianne Feinstein\u003c/a> that could help some of the restoration projects get rolling. Even if that happens, the river wouldn’t start flowing this year. Federal officials have said the flows will be cut because of the extreme drought.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens",
"headTitle": "Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Central Valley Project says many farmers will get no water. Cities can expect a 50 percent allotment. \u003ca class=\"rssmi_more\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/21/federal-water-project-announces-deep-drought-cuts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca title=\"Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/21/federal-water-project-announces-deep-drought-cuts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Federal officials announced Friday that many California farmers caught in the state’s drought can expect to receive no irrigation water this year from a vast system of rivers, canals and reservoirs interlacing the state.",
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"description": "Federal officials announced Friday that many California farmers caught in the state’s drought can expect to receive no irrigation water this year from a vast system of rivers, canals and reservoirs interlacing the state.",
"title": "Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s natural for us humans to think of the current California drought as a human crisis. Yes, it affects all 38 million of us who have staked a claim on this desirable real estate, and yes, people across the United States and beyond who consume our state’s bounty of farm \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/20/marin-county-coho-salmon-drought-endangered-species/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/20/marin-county-coho-salmon-drought-endangered-species/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Marin’s Coho Salmon, the Drought, and Us\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Seven Things to Know About the Sixth Mass Extinction",
"headTitle": "Seven Things to Know About the Sixth Mass Extinction | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/coralreef.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14482\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/coralreef.jpg\" alt=\"Coral Reef at Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (Jim Maragos/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/5565696408/\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Coral reefs are the first major ecosystems that could be wiped out by human impacts. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/5565696408/\">Jim Maragos/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You gotta love an author who manages to turn complex scientific theories and millions of years of history into an easy-to-understand thesis — even if that thesis is that humans are causing mass extinction. Elizabeth Kolbert’s book \u003ca href=\"http://www.indiebound.org/book/9780805092998\">“The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History”\u003c/a> centers around two ideas: that humans are witnessing a very high rate of species extinction and that we’re causing much of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kolbert joined \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201402191000\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> to discuss her book and the disappearance of everything from the snails of the Hawaiian islands to bats in upstate New York. The topic isn’t a cheery one, but as Kolbert writes in the introduction, “If extinction is a morbid topic, mass extinction is, well, massively so. It’s also a fascinating one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are highlights from the Forum interview, edited for clarity:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. We Don’t Know Yet How Bad This Extinction Will Be\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are clearly at a time of very high extinction rates. Whether we rise to the level of the major – the five major – mass extinctions of the last half billion years certainly remains to be determined. There have also been, somewhat oxymoronically, “minor” mass extinctions in the record. Where this extinction event is going to fit into that is obviously impossible to know when you’re in the midst of it. But increasingly you hear scientists comparing us to the asteroid that killed off the dinosaurs and many other groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/trilobites.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14487\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/trilobites.jpg\" alt=\"Trilobites went extinct in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian. (Kevin Walsh/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trilobites went extinct in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/86624586@N00/513424023/\">Kevin Walsh/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Based on Carbon Emissions, We May Be On Track For the Worst Mass Extinction, Ever\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The worst mass extinction in the history of the planet happened about 250 million years ago at the end of what’s known as the Permian period. And it’s believed that it was caused by this major burst of volcanic activity that emitted a lot of CO2 into the air and warmed the planet very radically and changed the chemistry of the oceans very radically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And very soberingly, scientists have recently tried to figure out at what rate was CO2 being emitted at that point. And the best estimate that they can come up with – this is a pretty recent paper – suggests that we are pouring CO2 into the air faster than was poured into the air in the events leading up to the end of the Permian extinction. So you increasingly hear ‘We cannot rule out that kind of an outcome: the Permian,’ which was the worst mass extinction in history. I find that – even I, who wrote this book, and feel like I couldn’t be surprised by much anymore – find that, just extremely sobering and terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Invasive Species Have Created a “New Pangea”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Invasive species actually are implicated in, some people would say, the majority of extinctions we know about. Invasive species turn out to be really important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effectively about 250 million years ago all of the continents of the world were smushed together in this supercontinent that has been called Pangea. And then they drifted apart due to plate tectonics and we eventually got the world as we know it, with seven continents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we’re doing by bringing together all of the flora and fauna of the world just by transporting things around the world, in a biological sense, is erasing those boundaries between the continents and smushing them back together. So a term has been coined: the ‘New Pangea.’ We are creating the New Pangea. We’re bringing everything back together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that can have, it turns out, very devastating consequences. Often it has no consequences — you move something around the world, it can’t make it in a new place so it just disappears, or it establishes itself and it doesn’t do any damage, it just sort of coexists with what was there before. But a certain percentage of the time, and even if it’s a very small percentage – [because] you are doing it over and over again, it obviously adds up – a certain percentage of the time you bring together these evolutionary lineages that have been separated for tens of millions of years and very devastating things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14485\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/wns28-e1392943860258.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14485\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/wns28-e1392943860258.jpg\" alt=\"Bats hibernating in a cave in New York with fungal growth on their faces. (Nancy Heaslip/NY Department of Environmental Conservation)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bats hibernating in a cave in New York with fungal growth on their faces. (Nancy Heaslip/NY Department of Environmental Conservation)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. White-Nose Syndrome, a European Fungus, Is Decimating North American Bats\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The fungus] has been traced back to Europe – it came over quite possibly on someone’s shoe, or in their suitcase. It almost certainly landed somewhere in upstate New York, because that is where we first started to see these huge die-offs. It’s very devastating to bats, it gets on their skin, it irritates their skin. You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/white-nose_syndrome/\">see it\u003c/a>. It looks like the bats have been dunked in talcum powder or cocaine, some people have said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens is that bats in the North Eastern U.S. hibernate during the winter. So they hang by their toes, their body temperature drops, their immune system shuts down and they really, really need to conserve energy. They are very small little creatures, they need that energy to get through the winter – there’s nothing to eat. And this fungus irritates them, they wake up, they fly around, there’s nothing to eat, they drop dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Coral Reefs Could Be the First Major Ecosystems to Disappear Because of Humans\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many marine scientists believe that coral reefs will be the first major ecosystem to be done in by human impacts. So there will still be corals, but they will no longer be able to form these fantastic reefs that support a tremendous variety of species anywhere between half a million and something like nine million species spend part of their lives on coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing water temperatures are really dramatically affecting reefs. Reefs have this interesting symbiosis going on. They have algae inside them, that feed them, that provide carbohydrates for them and that they get a lot of their energy from. And when water temperatures get too high this relationship breaks down, they expel [the algae] and they basically starve to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral_bleach.html\">Coral bleaching events\u003c/a>, which are happening more and more frequently because water temperatures are going up, those are already really reducing coral cover in a lot of parts of the world. So for example, in the Great Barrier Reef, which is the world’s largest reef, coral cover has declined by something like 50 percent just in the last few decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. The Chemistry of the Oceans Is Changing Radically\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you talk to scientists – certainly if you talk to marine scientists – one thing that really, really worries them that has not gotten the press it deserves is this issue of ocean acidification. That’s the phenomenon where, when you pour CO2 into the air as we are — there’s just no debate about that, we’re pouring about ten billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere every year just by burning fossil fuels — a lot of it is going to end up in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CO2 dissolves in water it forms a weak acid. It forms carbonic acid … And it’s changing the chemistry of the oceans very radically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. There’s No Saying What Will Survive This Extinction Event\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are actively interested in this question precisely because we seem to be in another mass extinction event. What comes through? What tends to come through these extinction events? And they’ve found very very few rules. It’s very hard to say that there’s a rule. The dinosaurs were the dominate group on Earth for tens of millions of years and they all – every species of non-avian dinosaur dies out. Why is that? No one really knows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can listen to the complete interview below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/135726672&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/coralreef.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14482\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/coralreef.jpg\" alt=\"Coral Reef at Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (Jim Maragos/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/5565696408/\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Coral reefs are the first major ecosystems that could be wiped out by human impacts. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/5565696408/\">Jim Maragos/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You gotta love an author who manages to turn complex scientific theories and millions of years of history into an easy-to-understand thesis — even if that thesis is that humans are causing mass extinction. Elizabeth Kolbert’s book \u003ca href=\"http://www.indiebound.org/book/9780805092998\">“The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History”\u003c/a> centers around two ideas: that humans are witnessing a very high rate of species extinction and that we’re causing much of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kolbert joined \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201402191000\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a> to discuss her book and the disappearance of everything from the snails of the Hawaiian islands to bats in upstate New York. The topic isn’t a cheery one, but as Kolbert writes in the introduction, “If extinction is a morbid topic, mass extinction is, well, massively so. It’s also a fascinating one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are highlights from the Forum interview, edited for clarity:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. We Don’t Know Yet How Bad This Extinction Will Be\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are clearly at a time of very high extinction rates. Whether we rise to the level of the major – the five major – mass extinctions of the last half billion years certainly remains to be determined. There have also been, somewhat oxymoronically, “minor” mass extinctions in the record. Where this extinction event is going to fit into that is obviously impossible to know when you’re in the midst of it. But increasingly you hear scientists comparing us to the asteroid that killed off the dinosaurs and many other groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/trilobites.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14487\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/trilobites.jpg\" alt=\"Trilobites went extinct in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian. (Kevin Walsh/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trilobites went extinct in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/86624586@N00/513424023/\">Kevin Walsh/Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Based on Carbon Emissions, We May Be On Track For the Worst Mass Extinction, Ever\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The worst mass extinction in the history of the planet happened about 250 million years ago at the end of what’s known as the Permian period. And it’s believed that it was caused by this major burst of volcanic activity that emitted a lot of CO2 into the air and warmed the planet very radically and changed the chemistry of the oceans very radically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And very soberingly, scientists have recently tried to figure out at what rate was CO2 being emitted at that point. And the best estimate that they can come up with – this is a pretty recent paper – suggests that we are pouring CO2 into the air faster than was poured into the air in the events leading up to the end of the Permian extinction. So you increasingly hear ‘We cannot rule out that kind of an outcome: the Permian,’ which was the worst mass extinction in history. I find that – even I, who wrote this book, and feel like I couldn’t be surprised by much anymore – find that, just extremely sobering and terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Invasive Species Have Created a “New Pangea”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Invasive species actually are implicated in, some people would say, the majority of extinctions we know about. Invasive species turn out to be really important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effectively about 250 million years ago all of the continents of the world were smushed together in this supercontinent that has been called Pangea. And then they drifted apart due to plate tectonics and we eventually got the world as we know it, with seven continents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we’re doing by bringing together all of the flora and fauna of the world just by transporting things around the world, in a biological sense, is erasing those boundaries between the continents and smushing them back together. So a term has been coined: the ‘New Pangea.’ We are creating the New Pangea. We’re bringing everything back together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that can have, it turns out, very devastating consequences. Often it has no consequences — you move something around the world, it can’t make it in a new place so it just disappears, or it establishes itself and it doesn’t do any damage, it just sort of coexists with what was there before. But a certain percentage of the time, and even if it’s a very small percentage – [because] you are doing it over and over again, it obviously adds up – a certain percentage of the time you bring together these evolutionary lineages that have been separated for tens of millions of years and very devastating things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14485\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/wns28-e1392943860258.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14485\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/wns28-e1392943860258.jpg\" alt=\"Bats hibernating in a cave in New York with fungal growth on their faces. (Nancy Heaslip/NY Department of Environmental Conservation)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bats hibernating in a cave in New York with fungal growth on their faces. (Nancy Heaslip/NY Department of Environmental Conservation)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. White-Nose Syndrome, a European Fungus, Is Decimating North American Bats\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The fungus] has been traced back to Europe – it came over quite possibly on someone’s shoe, or in their suitcase. It almost certainly landed somewhere in upstate New York, because that is where we first started to see these huge die-offs. It’s very devastating to bats, it gets on their skin, it irritates their skin. You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/white-nose_syndrome/\">see it\u003c/a>. It looks like the bats have been dunked in talcum powder or cocaine, some people have said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens is that bats in the North Eastern U.S. hibernate during the winter. So they hang by their toes, their body temperature drops, their immune system shuts down and they really, really need to conserve energy. They are very small little creatures, they need that energy to get through the winter – there’s nothing to eat. And this fungus irritates them, they wake up, they fly around, there’s nothing to eat, they drop dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Coral Reefs Could Be the First Major Ecosystems to Disappear Because of Humans\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many marine scientists believe that coral reefs will be the first major ecosystem to be done in by human impacts. So there will still be corals, but they will no longer be able to form these fantastic reefs that support a tremendous variety of species anywhere between half a million and something like nine million species spend part of their lives on coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing water temperatures are really dramatically affecting reefs. Reefs have this interesting symbiosis going on. They have algae inside them, that feed them, that provide carbohydrates for them and that they get a lot of their energy from. And when water temperatures get too high this relationship breaks down, they expel [the algae] and they basically starve to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral_bleach.html\">Coral bleaching events\u003c/a>, which are happening more and more frequently because water temperatures are going up, those are already really reducing coral cover in a lot of parts of the world. So for example, in the Great Barrier Reef, which is the world’s largest reef, coral cover has declined by something like 50 percent just in the last few decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. The Chemistry of the Oceans Is Changing Radically\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you talk to scientists – certainly if you talk to marine scientists – one thing that really, really worries them that has not gotten the press it deserves is this issue of ocean acidification. That’s the phenomenon where, when you pour CO2 into the air as we are — there’s just no debate about that, we’re pouring about ten billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere every year just by burning fossil fuels — a lot of it is going to end up in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When CO2 dissolves in water it forms a weak acid. It forms carbonic acid … And it’s changing the chemistry of the oceans very radically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>7. There’s No Saying What Will Survive This Extinction Event\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are actively interested in this question precisely because we seem to be in another mass extinction event. What comes through? What tends to come through these extinction events? And they’ve found very very few rules. It’s very hard to say that there’s a rule. The dinosaurs were the dominate group on Earth for tens of millions of years and they all – every species of non-avian dinosaur dies out. Why is that? No one really knows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can listen to the complete interview below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Package aims at helping those suffering worst impact of crisis, with emphasis on securing emergency water. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/19/governor-legislative-leaders-offer-emergency-drought-bill/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/19/governor-legislative-leaders-offer-emergency-drought-bill/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Governor, Legislative Leaders Announce Drought Aid Package\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14303\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14303\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/11441208065_1856cda974_h-1024x545.jpg\" alt=\"The H. F. Lee natural gas plant in Goldsboro, North Carolina. (Photo: Duke Energy)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"545\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The H. F. Lee natural gas plant in Goldsboro, North Carolina. (Photo: Duke Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">America’s vast network of natural gas lines is leaking more than federal environmental officials had previously thought, according to an analysis out today from Stanford University and published in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/earth/2014/02/natural-gas-coal-good-climate-trade-despite-leaks-researchers-argue?rss=1\">Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to estimates from the Environmental Protection Agency, 1.5 percent of the natural gas produced in the United States is wasted, thanks to leaky pipes, valves and other parts along the country’s vast transmission system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study says the actual amount lost is much higher, although lead author Peter Brandt, an assistant professor of energy resources engineering at Stanford, says it wasn’t possible to calculate a new figure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since these leaks are predominantly of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, they contribute disproportionately to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news, says Brandt, is that “a large fraction of the leakage can come from a small fraction of the sources.” A few fixes at natural gas plants across the country, he says, would go a long way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandt cites two obstacles to making those fixes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, plant operators have not always cooperated with efforts to detect leaks. In one study Brandt reviewed, EPA inspectors asked operators at 30 gas processing plants for permission to come onsite and look for leaks. Only six operators agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem: Current technologies for spotting leaks are expensive and labor-intensive. Brandt says researchers at Stanford and elsewhere are busily looking for alternatives. Those might include airplane-mounted methane detectors that could survey large swaths of pipes and plants, and cheap on-site methane sensors– much like smoke detectors — that could be mounted to pipes and sound an alarm when escaped gas is detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s Andy Revkin’s write up on Dot Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumb embedly-thumbnail-small\" src=\"http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/blogs_v5/../icons/t_logo_291_black.png\" alt=\"\">\u003ca class=\"embedly-title\" href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/13/study-sees-path-to-cutting-substantial-american-natural-gas-leaks/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Study Sees Path to Cutting Substantial American Natural Gas Leaks\u003c/a>A policy analysis published in Science today examines 20 years of research on leakage from natural gas production and distribution systems in North America, including hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, and finds big opportunities to cut the worst leaks and a substantial climate benefit from a coal-to-gas switch, even accounting for higher leak rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly-clear\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"embedly-powered\" style=\"float: right\">\u003ca title=\"Powered by Embedly\" href=\"http://embed.ly/code?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdotearth.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F02%2F13%2Fstudy-sees-path-to-cutting-substantial-american-natural-gas-leaks%2F%3F_php%3Dtrue%26_type%3Dblogs%26_r%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://static.embed.ly/images/logos/embedly-powered-small-light.png\" alt=\"Embedly Powered\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media-attribution\">via \u003ca class=\"media-attribution-link\" href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nytimes\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly-clear\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "U.S. could make substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by stopping methane leaks from natural gas pipelines, says a new Stanford study.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14303\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14303\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/11441208065_1856cda974_h-1024x545.jpg\" alt=\"The H. F. Lee natural gas plant in Goldsboro, North Carolina. (Photo: Duke Energy)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"545\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The H. F. Lee natural gas plant in Goldsboro, North Carolina. (Photo: Duke Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">America’s vast network of natural gas lines is leaking more than federal environmental officials had previously thought, according to an analysis out today from Stanford University and published in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/earth/2014/02/natural-gas-coal-good-climate-trade-despite-leaks-researchers-argue?rss=1\">Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to estimates from the Environmental Protection Agency, 1.5 percent of the natural gas produced in the United States is wasted, thanks to leaky pipes, valves and other parts along the country’s vast transmission system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new study says the actual amount lost is much higher, although lead author Peter Brandt, an assistant professor of energy resources engineering at Stanford, says it wasn’t possible to calculate a new figure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since these leaks are predominantly of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, they contribute disproportionately to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news, says Brandt, is that “a large fraction of the leakage can come from a small fraction of the sources.” A few fixes at natural gas plants across the country, he says, would go a long way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandt cites two obstacles to making those fixes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, plant operators have not always cooperated with efforts to detect leaks. In one study Brandt reviewed, EPA inspectors asked operators at 30 gas processing plants for permission to come onsite and look for leaks. Only six operators agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem: Current technologies for spotting leaks are expensive and labor-intensive. Brandt says researchers at Stanford and elsewhere are busily looking for alternatives. Those might include airplane-mounted methane detectors that could survey large swaths of pipes and plants, and cheap on-site methane sensors– much like smoke detectors — that could be mounted to pipes and sound an alarm when escaped gas is detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s Andy Revkin’s write up on Dot Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumb embedly-thumbnail-small\" src=\"http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/blogs_v5/../icons/t_logo_291_black.png\" alt=\"\">\u003ca class=\"embedly-title\" href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/13/study-sees-path-to-cutting-substantial-american-natural-gas-leaks/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Study Sees Path to Cutting Substantial American Natural Gas Leaks\u003c/a>A policy analysis published in Science today examines 20 years of research on leakage from natural gas production and distribution systems in North America, including hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, and finds big opportunities to cut the worst leaks and a substantial climate benefit from a coal-to-gas switch, even accounting for higher leak rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly-clear\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"embedly-powered\" style=\"float: right\">\u003ca title=\"Powered by Embedly\" href=\"http://embed.ly/code?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdotearth.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F02%2F13%2Fstudy-sees-path-to-cutting-substantial-american-natural-gas-leaks%2F%3F_php%3Dtrue%26_type%3Dblogs%26_r%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://static.embed.ly/images/logos/embedly-powered-small-light.png\" alt=\"Embedly Powered\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media-attribution\">via \u003ca class=\"media-attribution-link\" href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nytimes\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"embedly-clear\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Love is in the Air...And it Smells like Striped Skunks",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14145\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk.jpg\" alt=\"Striped skunks are found across North America. February is a particularly smelly month because skunks spray to communicate during breeding season. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"960\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14145\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Striped skunks are found across North America. February is a particularly smelly month because skunks spray to communicate during breeding season. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people associate February with the scent of roses, but there is another scent that seems to be everywhere this time of year, too. Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) around the Bay Area are on edge due to breeding season, using their foul-smelling spray to communicate to each other and protect themselves as they wander looking for mates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although striped skunks are known for their striking black and white coloration, they are equally famous for their defensive spray. Skunks have two anal scent glands that allow them to spray a sulfur-rich fluid that smells similarly to garlic mixed with rotten eggs. This fluid can reach over 20 feet away in favorable wind, but is most accurate within 6 feet. Females may spray a male if they do not want to mate, males may spray each other when defending territory and all skunks will spray when they feel threatened. Skunk spray can cause irritation, temporary blindness and can reach up to one mile away. Often people smell skunk spray when the anal glands collapse under pressure from car impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14146\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk-baby.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-14146\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14146\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk-baby.jpg\" alt=\"About two months after breeding in February, baby skunks (aka kits) can be seen following their mothers around the Bay Area. Photo courtesy of CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About two months after breeding in February, baby skunks (aka kits) can be seen following their mothers around the Bay Area. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Skunks often give several warnings to a predator before spraying; spraying is really a last resort. If they use all of the fluid in their scent glands, it takes roughly 10 days for their bodies to replenish it. Skunks begin by raising their tails to appear larger in the hopes of discouraging a predator from coming closer. Striped skunks will then stamp their front feet to intimidate them. During this time of the year, skunks are so focused on breeding that they may startle more easily and spray sooner. They are nocturnal to crepuscular, relying on their sense of smell to survive more than eyesight. Because skunks have terrible eyesight, the best way to avoid being sprayed is to let them know you are trekking in their territory by making sounds so they know you are near. This will give them ample time to get away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14144\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk2.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-14144\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14144\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk2.jpg\" alt=\"Meet a skunk up close at CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point in San Mateo. "Oliver" is a rehabilitated, non-releaseable skunk that is used for educational programs. You won't need to pinch your nose around him; Oliver had his scent glands removed. Photo courtesy of CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Oliver” is a rehabilitated, non-releaseable skunk that is used for educational programs at CuriOdyssey. You won’t need to pinch your nose around him; Oliver had his scent glands removed. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gestation for striped skunks is about 66 days. Females give birth to a litter of 4-7 kits and generally live 2-3 years in the wild. Once the kits become adults, they will eat vegetation, meat and bugs. Their main predator is the great horned owl, which does not have a sense of smell. If you want to see a skunk up close without the fear of being sprayed, visit the education skunk, “Oliver,” at \u003ca href=\"http://www.curiodyssey.org\">CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Most people associate February with the scent of roses, but there is another scent that seems to be everywhere this time of year, too. Striped skunks around the Bay Area are on edge due to breeding season, using their foul-smelling spray to communicate to each other and protect themselves as they wander looking for mates.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14145\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk.jpg\" alt=\"Striped skunks are found across North America. February is a particularly smelly month because skunks spray to communicate during breeding season. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"960\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14145\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Striped skunks are found across North America. February is a particularly smelly month because skunks spray to communicate during breeding season. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people associate February with the scent of roses, but there is another scent that seems to be everywhere this time of year, too. Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) around the Bay Area are on edge due to breeding season, using their foul-smelling spray to communicate to each other and protect themselves as they wander looking for mates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although striped skunks are known for their striking black and white coloration, they are equally famous for their defensive spray. Skunks have two anal scent glands that allow them to spray a sulfur-rich fluid that smells similarly to garlic mixed with rotten eggs. This fluid can reach over 20 feet away in favorable wind, but is most accurate within 6 feet. Females may spray a male if they do not want to mate, males may spray each other when defending territory and all skunks will spray when they feel threatened. Skunk spray can cause irritation, temporary blindness and can reach up to one mile away. Often people smell skunk spray when the anal glands collapse under pressure from car impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14146\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk-baby.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-14146\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14146\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk-baby.jpg\" alt=\"About two months after breeding in February, baby skunks (aka kits) can be seen following their mothers around the Bay Area. Photo courtesy of CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About two months after breeding in February, baby skunks (aka kits) can be seen following their mothers around the Bay Area. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Skunks often give several warnings to a predator before spraying; spraying is really a last resort. If they use all of the fluid in their scent glands, it takes roughly 10 days for their bodies to replenish it. Skunks begin by raising their tails to appear larger in the hopes of discouraging a predator from coming closer. Striped skunks will then stamp their front feet to intimidate them. During this time of the year, skunks are so focused on breeding that they may startle more easily and spray sooner. They are nocturnal to crepuscular, relying on their sense of smell to survive more than eyesight. Because skunks have terrible eyesight, the best way to avoid being sprayed is to let them know you are trekking in their territory by making sounds so they know you are near. This will give them ample time to get away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14144\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk2.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-14144\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14144\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/skunk2.jpg\" alt=\"Meet a skunk up close at CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point in San Mateo. "Oliver" is a rehabilitated, non-releaseable skunk that is used for educational programs. You won't need to pinch your nose around him; Oliver had his scent glands removed. Photo courtesy of CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Oliver” is a rehabilitated, non-releaseable skunk that is used for educational programs at CuriOdyssey. You won’t need to pinch your nose around him; Oliver had his scent glands removed. Photo / CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gestation for striped skunks is about 66 days. Females give birth to a litter of 4-7 kits and generally live 2-3 years in the wild. Once the kits become adults, they will eat vegetation, meat and bugs. Their main predator is the great horned owl, which does not have a sense of smell. If you want to see a skunk up close without the fear of being sprayed, visit the education skunk, “Oliver,” at \u003ca href=\"http://www.curiodyssey.org\">CuriOdyssey at Coyote Point\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "World's Largest Solar Plant Opens",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14241\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\" alt=\"The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The largest solar plant in the world officially starts generating electricity on Thursday. The Ivanpah solar farm, in California’s Mojave Desert about 40 miles south of Las Vegas, will produce enough electricity to power 140,000 homes per year.[contextly_sidebar id=”9a895c24be9201b555cdf2381bd2df09″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took nearly four years to build the massive plant, which was developed by Oakland-based BrightSource Energy. NRG and Google are also investors in the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility is not without \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\">controversy\u003c/a>: its planning and construction included measures to protect the threatened desert tortoise to the tune of $55,000 per tortoise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Energy provided Ivanpah’s developers with a $1.6 billion loan guarantee in 2011. Ivanpah is one of seven massive solar plants scheduled to open in California in 2014. Together they’re part of the coming of age of big solar in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A–1eRAcQd0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14241\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\" alt=\"The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The largest solar plant in the world officially starts generating electricity on Thursday. The Ivanpah solar farm, in California’s Mojave Desert about 40 miles south of Las Vegas, will produce enough electricity to power 140,000 homes per year.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took nearly four years to build the massive plant, which was developed by Oakland-based BrightSource Energy. NRG and Google are also investors in the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility is not without \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\">controversy\u003c/a>: its planning and construction included measures to protect the threatened desert tortoise to the tune of $55,000 per tortoise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Energy provided Ivanpah’s developers with a $1.6 billion loan guarantee in 2011. Ivanpah is one of seven massive solar plants scheduled to open in California in 2014. Together they’re part of the coming of age of big solar in the United States.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/A'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/A'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Drought Leads to Tough Tradeoffs for California Salmon",
"headTitle": "Drought Leads to Tough Tradeoffs for California Salmon | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14173\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/chinooksalmon.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14173\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/chinooksalmon.jpg\" alt=\"Juvenile chinook salmon. (Roger Tabor/USFWS)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">With the drought and recent state actions, young Chinook salmon are facing a tough year. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/6093338474/in/photostream/\">Roger Tabor/USFWS\u003c/a>) \u003ccite>((Roger Tabor/USFWS))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While farms and cities struggle with low water supplies, California wildlife managers are struggling to protect the fish facing the same problem. State officials are trying to avoid some of the worst impacts on endangered salmon, but helping some fish could actually harm others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone who works on salmon is concerned right now, looking at the drought unfolding,” said Mara Rea of the National Marine Fisheries Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Endangered winter-run \u003ca href=\"https://www.dfg.ca.gov/fish/Resources/Chinook/\">Chinook salmon\u003c/a>, a species that has struggled over the last decade, will likely be harmed by low water in the Sacramento River, even though water officials are trying to keep rivers flowing through these extremely dry conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14152\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Redd_Dewatering.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14152\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Redd_Dewatering.jpg\" alt=\"A pool in the Sacramento River where young salmon were stranded last year (Photo: Fish and Wildlife Service)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pool in the Sacramento River where young salmon were stranded last year (Fish and Wildlife Service)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The adult salmon migrate from the ocean between November and May and swim up the Sacramento River, where they lay their eggs during the summer. The eggs need plenty of cold water to stay alive, so reservoirs are required to provide consistent water releases until the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With reservoir levels critically low, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/11/record-drought-could-hurt-water-quality/\">the state ordered\u003c/a> that some water that would normally flow downstream in February be reserved in reservoirs, so it can be released later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably a good idea to hold back some water so that we can try to maintain conditions for this year’s cohort of migrating adult salmon that will spawn later this summer and fall,” says Jon Rosenfield, a biologist with the Bay Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the decision could harm the very species it’s meant to protect. Young winter-run Chinook are migrating out of the Sacramento River this time of year, including some bred in fish hatcheries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Young Endangered Salmon at Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they leave the Sacramento River, the young fish head into a maze of islands and channels in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/a>, on their way to San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14154\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 330px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS8480_5053949935_524a684d5f_o-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14154\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS8480_5053949935_524a684d5f_o-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"The cross-channel gates are normally closed this time of year to protect endangered salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"330\" height=\"247\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cross-channel gates are normally closed this time of year to protect endangered salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The juveniles face a gauntlet of predators, so water officials aim to minimize the amount of time they spend in the Delta by blocking off a water channel that leads over into the Central Delta, farther away from San Francisco Bay. That channel is usually closed off with large “cross-channel gates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this month, officials ordered those gates to stay open. With river levels so low, water in the Delta is becoming saltier (\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/11/record-drought-could-hurt-water-quality/\">see our post yesterday for more\u003c/a>). Keeping the gates open allows more freshwater to flow into the Delta. That puts the young winter-run salmon at risk, potentially setting back the species’ recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is about making really hard decisions on a real-time basis where we may have to accept some impact now to avoid much greater impact later,” said Chuck Bonham of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildlife officials are monitoring the fish populations daily, hoping to limit the impact. On Monday, the gates were closed temporarily, as the weekend’s rains carried young salmon closer to the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maria Rea says the conditions this year are particularly disappointing, because after years of decline, “we had a fairly healthy cohort of juveniles from last year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinook salmon live about three years in the ocean before returning to where they were born to spawn. That means each year, a different group of adults or “cohort” comes back (just as a different senior class graduates from high school each year).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any one cohort that suffers a loss can increase the chance of extinction,” Rea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salmon Fishery Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”4d19d774a22337f7a2597abe724bbec5″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low river flows this month could also do damage to fall-run Chinook, the salmon species the California fishing industry depends on. Salmon runs are named for the season when the adults begin their migration back to freshwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fall-run salmon recently laid their eggs in the riverbed, and as the water level drops, the egg clusters are exposed to the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/01/07/6050449/drought-prompts-deep-cuts-in-american.html\">estimated 10 to 15 percent\u003c/a> of the egg clusters could be lost. Young salmon could also be stranded in shallow pools that get separated from the main river, \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CDAQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fws.gov%2Fredbluff%2FgetReport.aspx%3Fid%3D473&ei=eOz7UvyqMcaGogSQ7IHYBg&usg=AFQjCNFa8cNbtQ_ZlL8Az7lkChH7wlnMrg&sig2=-rGQ1pDzSzSRUTyPYwMi_Q&bvm=bv.60983673,d.cGU\">as has happened in past years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If dry conditions persist into the spring, all of our runs of Chinook salmon will be impacted,” says Rosenfield. “I would not want to be a commercial fisherman, sport fishing guide, or tackle shop owner two-and-a-half years from now when this year’s migrants return from the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fish released from hatcheries help boost the population of fall-run salmon. Fishing groups are asking that the young hatchery fish be trucked down below the Delta and released there, to increase the likelihood they’ll survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing this could save dwindling numbers of protected fish while also providing plenty of hatchery-bred salmon for the tens of thousands of workers and their families that depend on salmon to make a living,” said John McManus of the \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatesalmonassociation.com/\">Golden Gate Salmon Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "State officials are trying to do damage control to help endangered salmon during the drought, but helping some fish could hurt others.",
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"description": "State officials are trying to do damage control to help endangered salmon during the drought, but helping some fish could hurt others.",
"title": "Drought Leads to Tough Tradeoffs for California Salmon | KQED",
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"headline": "Drought Leads to Tough Tradeoffs for California Salmon",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14173\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/chinooksalmon.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14173\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/chinooksalmon.jpg\" alt=\"Juvenile chinook salmon. (Roger Tabor/USFWS)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">With the drought and recent state actions, young Chinook salmon are facing a tough year. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwspacific/6093338474/in/photostream/\">Roger Tabor/USFWS\u003c/a>) \u003ccite>((Roger Tabor/USFWS))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While farms and cities struggle with low water supplies, California wildlife managers are struggling to protect the fish facing the same problem. State officials are trying to avoid some of the worst impacts on endangered salmon, but helping some fish could actually harm others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone who works on salmon is concerned right now, looking at the drought unfolding,” said Mara Rea of the National Marine Fisheries Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Endangered winter-run \u003ca href=\"https://www.dfg.ca.gov/fish/Resources/Chinook/\">Chinook salmon\u003c/a>, a species that has struggled over the last decade, will likely be harmed by low water in the Sacramento River, even though water officials are trying to keep rivers flowing through these extremely dry conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14152\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Redd_Dewatering.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14152\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/Redd_Dewatering.jpg\" alt=\"A pool in the Sacramento River where young salmon were stranded last year (Photo: Fish and Wildlife Service)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pool in the Sacramento River where young salmon were stranded last year (Fish and Wildlife Service)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The adult salmon migrate from the ocean between November and May and swim up the Sacramento River, where they lay their eggs during the summer. The eggs need plenty of cold water to stay alive, so reservoirs are required to provide consistent water releases until the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With reservoir levels critically low, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/11/record-drought-could-hurt-water-quality/\">the state ordered\u003c/a> that some water that would normally flow downstream in February be reserved in reservoirs, so it can be released later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably a good idea to hold back some water so that we can try to maintain conditions for this year’s cohort of migrating adult salmon that will spawn later this summer and fall,” says Jon Rosenfield, a biologist with the Bay Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the decision could harm the very species it’s meant to protect. Young winter-run Chinook are migrating out of the Sacramento River this time of year, including some bred in fish hatcheries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Young Endangered Salmon at Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they leave the Sacramento River, the young fish head into a maze of islands and channels in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/a>, on their way to San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14154\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 330px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS8480_5053949935_524a684d5f_o-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14154\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS8480_5053949935_524a684d5f_o-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"The cross-channel gates are normally closed this time of year to protect endangered salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"330\" height=\"247\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cross-channel gates are normally closed this time of year to protect endangered salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The juveniles face a gauntlet of predators, so water officials aim to minimize the amount of time they spend in the Delta by blocking off a water channel that leads over into the Central Delta, farther away from San Francisco Bay. That channel is usually closed off with large “cross-channel gates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this month, officials ordered those gates to stay open. With river levels so low, water in the Delta is becoming saltier (\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/11/record-drought-could-hurt-water-quality/\">see our post yesterday for more\u003c/a>). Keeping the gates open allows more freshwater to flow into the Delta. That puts the young winter-run salmon at risk, potentially setting back the species’ recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is about making really hard decisions on a real-time basis where we may have to accept some impact now to avoid much greater impact later,” said Chuck Bonham of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildlife officials are monitoring the fish populations daily, hoping to limit the impact. On Monday, the gates were closed temporarily, as the weekend’s rains carried young salmon closer to the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maria Rea says the conditions this year are particularly disappointing, because after years of decline, “we had a fairly healthy cohort of juveniles from last year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinook salmon live about three years in the ocean before returning to where they were born to spawn. That means each year, a different group of adults or “cohort” comes back (just as a different senior class graduates from high school each year).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any one cohort that suffers a loss can increase the chance of extinction,” Rea said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salmon Fishery Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low river flows this month could also do damage to fall-run Chinook, the salmon species the California fishing industry depends on. Salmon runs are named for the season when the adults begin their migration back to freshwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fall-run salmon recently laid their eggs in the riverbed, and as the water level drops, the egg clusters are exposed to the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/01/07/6050449/drought-prompts-deep-cuts-in-american.html\">estimated 10 to 15 percent\u003c/a> of the egg clusters could be lost. Young salmon could also be stranded in shallow pools that get separated from the main river, \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CDAQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fws.gov%2Fredbluff%2FgetReport.aspx%3Fid%3D473&ei=eOz7UvyqMcaGogSQ7IHYBg&usg=AFQjCNFa8cNbtQ_ZlL8Az7lkChH7wlnMrg&sig2=-rGQ1pDzSzSRUTyPYwMi_Q&bvm=bv.60983673,d.cGU\">as has happened in past years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If dry conditions persist into the spring, all of our runs of Chinook salmon will be impacted,” says Rosenfield. “I would not want to be a commercial fisherman, sport fishing guide, or tackle shop owner two-and-a-half years from now when this year’s migrants return from the ocean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fish released from hatcheries help boost the population of fall-run salmon. Fishing groups are asking that the young hatchery fish be trucked down below the Delta and released there, to increase the likelihood they’ll survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing this could save dwindling numbers of protected fish while also providing plenty of hatchery-bred salmon for the tens of thousands of workers and their families that depend on salmon to make a living,” said John McManus of the \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatesalmonassociation.com/\">Golden Gate Salmon Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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