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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_27177\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/02/fracking-photo-e1423612950444-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27177 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/02/fracking-photo-e1423612950444-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A pump jack and hydraulic fracturing tanks next to a farm over the Monterey Shale formation where a majority of fracking in California takes place. (David McNew/Getty Images)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pump jack and hydraulic fracturing tanks next to a farm in Lost Hills, Calif. (David McNew/Getty Images) \u003ccite>(David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California officials have outlined a plan to make sure oil companies don’t contaminate aquifers where the water is clean enough to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules proposal was drafted under pressure, amid a federal deadline and reports that, for years, state regulators gave oil companies permission to inject wastewater into aquifers that were supposed to be protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For every barrel of petroleum that oil companies bring up, they get several more barrels of wastewater, which can be tainted with salt and chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For California, the country’s third-largest oil producer, this adds up to billions of gallons of wastewater each year, the bulk of which is simply injected back underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/State-let-oil-companies-taint-drinkable-water-in-6054242.php\">recent reports\u003c/a> say \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/business/article9345830.html\">in more than 2,500 cases\u003c/a>, state officials gave permission for oil companies to inject wastewater into aquifers protected under the federal \u003ca href=\"http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/index.cfm\">Safe Drinking Water Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a fourth year of drought looming, more people and farms in California are relying on water pumped from underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules could affect everything from how injection wells are built to monitoring requirements.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "EPA Plans Oil and Gas Methane Emission Cuts",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_26256\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/Bobby_Magill_Methane.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26256 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/Bobby_Magill_Methane.jpg\" alt=\"Flaring at oil and gas well sites releases methane into the atmosphere. (Faces of Fracking/flickr)\" width=\"720\" height=\"481\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flaring at oil and gas well sites releases methane into the atmosphere. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/128012869@N08/15389783456/in/photolist-prWEs5-pyGcRM-ownkYj-oLQp19-7JxAwo-pQTwmP-oNS7dV-2AcN4t-oLQmgw-eLAmAc-pyJwvu-pR8Cte-pyD1MF-oUkc6V-8H7RPV-pF1Gu9-qmDJdT-pXm674-p1yC6o-e5tWge-pXtZs9-e5tWNH-e5tWzP-e5tWuR-e5zz7L-e5zzTd-e5tWka-q5h6jQ-t3i9a-qmDJaX-6Y7JxV-qnJNVB-q6c4hh-q6br55-e5tWSa-e5zzF3-e5tWnH-e5tWbn-e5tWE4-e5zyYQ-e5zyWN-e5zA31-e5tWHn-e5zz1L-e5zzJw-e5zziw-pRcPGL-oUh6tQ-eLAmqV-abvpUX\">Faces of Fracking\u003c/a>/flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Bobby Magill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n \u003cbr>\nThe White House said Wednesday it wants to slash methane emissions from the crude oil and natural gas industry in the U.S. by up to 45 percent below 2012 levels as part of the Obama administration’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/obama-administration-plans-sweeping-climate-measures-16152\">Climate Action Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement follows \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/fracking-methane-emissions-catastrophe-17439\">years of scientific studies\u003c/a> showing that oil and gas operations in the U.S. are leaking a large \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/scientists-call-for-more-fracking-data-transparency-16816\">but unquantified\u003c/a> amount of methane, helping to fuel global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has enabled the U.S. to be the world’s leading crude oil and natural gas producer, and the EPA expects that methane emissions from the oil and gas industry could rise more than 25 percent by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent that from happening, the EPA will be proposing rules later this year that aim to slash oil and gas methane emissions 40 to 45 percent compared to 2012 emissions by 2025. The proposed rule, which is expected to be unveiled this summer and finalized in 2016, will regulate emissions exclusively from new crude oil and natural gas wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methane is up to \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/huge-methane-leaks-add-doubt-on-natural-gas-as-a-bridge-fuel-17309\">35 times as potent\u003c/a> at trapping heat as carbon dioxide over a period of about a century, and the oil and gas sector is a major source of those emissions in the U.S. (Carbon dioxide is much more prevalent in the atmosphere and is still the major greenhouse gas.) About 10 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2012 was methane, about 30 percent of which came from the oil and gas industry, according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates. (Much of the rest comes from livestock, particularly cattle.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The methane rule comes after the EPA announced in December that it is planning to require energy companies to report more \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/epa-methane-emissions-fracking-18511\">greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a>, including methane, from fracking operations, natural gas compressor stations and pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA is also considering requiring the use of remote sensing technology to measure methane emissions from oil and gas operations as a way to get a better count of the methane leaking from fracking, pipelines and other oil and gas-related machinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are significant, highly cost-effective opportunities for reducing methane emissions from this sector,” Dan Utech, Obama’s climate and energy advisor, told the Associated Press. “We’re confident we can do this in a cost-effective way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_26256\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/Bobby_Magill_Methane.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26256 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/Bobby_Magill_Methane.jpg\" alt=\"Flaring at oil and gas well sites releases methane into the atmosphere. (Faces of Fracking/flickr)\" width=\"720\" height=\"481\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flaring at oil and gas well sites releases methane into the atmosphere. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/128012869@N08/15389783456/in/photolist-prWEs5-pyGcRM-ownkYj-oLQp19-7JxAwo-pQTwmP-oNS7dV-2AcN4t-oLQmgw-eLAmAc-pyJwvu-pR8Cte-pyD1MF-oUkc6V-8H7RPV-pF1Gu9-qmDJdT-pXm674-p1yC6o-e5tWge-pXtZs9-e5tWNH-e5tWzP-e5tWuR-e5zz7L-e5zzTd-e5tWka-q5h6jQ-t3i9a-qmDJaX-6Y7JxV-qnJNVB-q6c4hh-q6br55-e5tWSa-e5zzF3-e5tWnH-e5tWbn-e5tWE4-e5zyYQ-e5zyWN-e5zA31-e5tWHn-e5zz1L-e5zzJw-e5zziw-pRcPGL-oUh6tQ-eLAmqV-abvpUX\">Faces of Fracking\u003c/a>/flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Bobby Magill\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n \u003cbr>\nThe White House said Wednesday it wants to slash methane emissions from the crude oil and natural gas industry in the U.S. by up to 45 percent below 2012 levels as part of the Obama administration’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/obama-administration-plans-sweeping-climate-measures-16152\">Climate Action Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement follows \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/fracking-methane-emissions-catastrophe-17439\">years of scientific studies\u003c/a> showing that oil and gas operations in the U.S. are leaking a large \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/scientists-call-for-more-fracking-data-transparency-16816\">but unquantified\u003c/a> amount of methane, helping to fuel global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has enabled the U.S. to be the world’s leading crude oil and natural gas producer, and the EPA expects that methane emissions from the oil and gas industry could rise more than 25 percent by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent that from happening, the EPA will be proposing rules later this year that aim to slash oil and gas methane emissions 40 to 45 percent compared to 2012 emissions by 2025. The proposed rule, which is expected to be unveiled this summer and finalized in 2016, will regulate emissions exclusively from new crude oil and natural gas wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methane is up to \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/huge-methane-leaks-add-doubt-on-natural-gas-as-a-bridge-fuel-17309\">35 times as potent\u003c/a> at trapping heat as carbon dioxide over a period of about a century, and the oil and gas sector is a major source of those emissions in the U.S. (Carbon dioxide is much more prevalent in the atmosphere and is still the major greenhouse gas.) About 10 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2012 was methane, about 30 percent of which came from the oil and gas industry, according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates. (Much of the rest comes from livestock, particularly cattle.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The methane rule comes after the EPA announced in December that it is planning to require energy companies to report more \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/epa-methane-emissions-fracking-18511\">greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a>, including methane, from fracking operations, natural gas compressor stations and pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA is also considering requiring the use of remote sensing technology to measure methane emissions from oil and gas operations as a way to get a better count of the methane leaking from fracking, pipelines and other oil and gas-related machinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are significant, highly cost-effective opportunities for reducing methane emissions from this sector,” Dan Utech, Obama’s climate and energy advisor, told the Associated Press. “We’re confident we can do this in a cost-effective way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25865\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 860px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/RS13894_IMG_2969-Edit-qut-e1420492587204-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-25865\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/RS13894_IMG_2969-Edit-qut-e1420492587204-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"During his inaugural address, Gov. Jerry Brown set new goals for California's renewable energy standards that are the most ambitious in the country. (Andrew Nixon/Capital Public Radio)\" width=\"860\" height=\"484\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown spoke to a joint session of the Legislature in Sacramento during his inaugural address on Monday.\u003cbr>(Andrew Nixon/Capital Public Radio)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During his fourth\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/05/an-annotated-guide-to-jerry-browns-state-of-the-state-address\"> inaugural address\u003c/a> in Sacramento Monday, Gov. Jerry Brown focused heavily on energy efficiency, calling for further cuts in consumption as a way to combat global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking significant amounts of carbon out of our economy without harming its vibrancy,” Brown said, “is exactly the sort of challenge at which California excels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This is exciting, it is bold and it is absolutely necessary.’\u003ccite>— Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The governor recommended three items including increasing renewable energy production, decreasing petroleum use and making buildings and heating fuels more efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is exciting,” Brown said, “it is bold and it is absolutely necessary if we are to have any chance of stopping potentially catastrophic changes to our climate system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s landmark greenhouse gas emissions bills mandated that 33 percent of the state’s energy must come from renewable sources like wind, solar, geothermal and hydropower by 2020. During his speech, Brown upped that goal to 50 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\">about 20 percent \u003c/a>of California’s energy comes from renewables, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\">latest report\u003c/a> from the California Energy Commission says that number should reach 25 percent by 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is already 40 percent more energy-efficient than the rest of the nation, thanks to the work that, interestingly, Governor\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Brown started when he was governor the first time,” said \u003ca href=\"http://seventhgenerationadvisors.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4:terry-tamminen&catid=2&Itemid=4\">Terry Tamminen\u003c/a>, former Secretary of California’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.calepa.ca.gov/\">Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a>. “I think with the very rapid expansion of wind, solar and storage — which makes it possible to store intermittent resources like wind and solar — that it will be relatively easy to get there by his 2030 deadline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the suggestions Brown offered to meet his aggressive goals: distributed power, expanded rooftop solar, micro-grids, an energy imbalance market, battery storage, and millions of electric and low-carbon vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged the goals would be costly but are necessary since current measures alone “are not enough\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge is to build for the future, not steal from it,” Brown said, “to live within our means and to keep California ever golden and creative.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25865\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 860px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/RS13894_IMG_2969-Edit-qut-e1420492587204-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-25865\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/01/RS13894_IMG_2969-Edit-qut-e1420492587204-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"During his inaugural address, Gov. Jerry Brown set new goals for California's renewable energy standards that are the most ambitious in the country. (Andrew Nixon/Capital Public Radio)\" width=\"860\" height=\"484\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown spoke to a joint session of the Legislature in Sacramento during his inaugural address on Monday.\u003cbr>(Andrew Nixon/Capital Public Radio)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During his fourth\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/05/an-annotated-guide-to-jerry-browns-state-of-the-state-address\"> inaugural address\u003c/a> in Sacramento Monday, Gov. Jerry Brown focused heavily on energy efficiency, calling for further cuts in consumption as a way to combat global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking significant amounts of carbon out of our economy without harming its vibrancy,” Brown said, “is exactly the sort of challenge at which California excels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This is exciting, it is bold and it is absolutely necessary.’\u003ccite>— Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The governor recommended three items including increasing renewable energy production, decreasing petroleum use and making buildings and heating fuels more efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is exciting,” Brown said, “it is bold and it is absolutely necessary if we are to have any chance of stopping potentially catastrophic changes to our climate system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s landmark greenhouse gas emissions bills mandated that 33 percent of the state’s energy must come from renewable sources like wind, solar, geothermal and hydropower by 2020. During his speech, Brown upped that goal to 50 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\">about 20 percent \u003c/a>of California’s energy comes from renewables, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf\">latest report\u003c/a> from the California Energy Commission says that number should reach 25 percent by 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is already 40 percent more energy-efficient than the rest of the nation, thanks to the work that, interestingly, Governor\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Brown started when he was governor the first time,” said \u003ca href=\"http://seventhgenerationadvisors.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4:terry-tamminen&catid=2&Itemid=4\">Terry Tamminen\u003c/a>, former Secretary of California’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.calepa.ca.gov/\">Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a>. “I think with the very rapid expansion of wind, solar and storage — which makes it possible to store intermittent resources like wind and solar — that it will be relatively easy to get there by his 2030 deadline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the suggestions Brown offered to meet his aggressive goals: distributed power, expanded rooftop solar, micro-grids, an energy imbalance market, battery storage, and millions of electric and low-carbon vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged the goals would be costly but are necessary since current measures alone “are not enough\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge is to build for the future, not steal from it,” Brown said, “to live within our means and to keep California ever golden and creative.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Interior Secretary: Local Fracking Bans Are 'Wrong Way To Go'",
"headTitle": "Interior Secretary: Local Fracking Bans Are ‘Wrong Way To Go’ | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25788\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Fracking-feature-e1420074728976-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25788 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Fracking-feature-e1420074728976-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Fracking feature\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pumpjacks draw crude oil from wells on Signal Hill in Long Beach. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama’s chief custodian of federal lands says local and regional bans on fracking are taking regulation of oil and gas recovery in the wrong direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that is the wrong way to go,” Interior Secretary Sally Jewell told KQED in an exclusive interview. “I think it’s going to be very difficult for industry to figure out what the rules are if different counties have different rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, two California counties added themselves to a growing list of \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/11/05/new-california-county-fracking-bans-likely-to-face-challenges/\">local bans on hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a>. Voters approved measures in San Benito and Mendocino Counties by wide margins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of fears out there in the general public and that manifests itself with local laws or regional laws,” Jewell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"Nat Geo - post\" href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2014/12/141218-fracking-ban-new-york-states-oil-gas-drilling-energy-news/\">recent move by New York\u003c/a> to extend a statewide ban does not sit especially well with Jewell, who, as a former petroleum engineer, has hands-on experience with fracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot of misinformation about fracking,” Jewell said. “I think that localized efforts or statewide efforts in many cases don’t understand the science behind it and I think there needs to be more science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘I think that localized efforts or statewide efforts in many cases don’t understand the science.’\u003ccite>— Sally Jewell,\u003cbr>\nU.S. Secretary of the Interior\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“These are very troubling comments,” said Kassie Siegel, who directs the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In essence Secretary Jewell seems to be saying that communities around the country, the governor and public health commissioner of New York, and the over 600,000 people who wrote to the Interior Department urging her to adopt a ban on fracking, don’t understand the science and are just acting out of an irrational fear of fracking,” Siegel said. “It’s insulting, and quite simply wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siegel said “numerous studies” have established the health dangers posed by common oilfield chemicals, and noted that “the oil and gas fields on federal land under her jurisdiction are among the biggest sources of methane and ozone pollution in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jewell said she’s counting on government scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies to “really help us understand what is happening on the landscapes with hydraulic fracturing and also deep water injections, induced seismicity, those kinds of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and gas companies use fracking, or \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - Fracking\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a> methods to get at reserves that were previously too costly to pursue. Chemical slurries forced into underground rock fissures at high pressure create channels for crude oil and natural gas to flow to surface wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need is sound science that is driving our decision-making,” Jewell said, “and as a regulator that is exactly what we’re relying on as we are looking at releasing our own fracking regulations, which are out for public comment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a public meeting in Napa in December, Jewell told KQED that the public is speaking. “They are concerned about this and they want to make sure any kind of oil and gas activity is done safely and responsibly in terms of their water supply and in terms of their communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where does that responsibility lie?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is an industry responsibility,” Jewell said. “I’ve made it very clear to industry that it’s not my job to defend their practices; it’s their job to both ensure their practices are safe and then communicate with communities that their practices are safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not surprising that with state and federal officials in denial,” Siegel said, “Californians are taking action at the local level to protect themselves from all the perils of oil and gas drilling, and this is a trend that will continue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certainly there are more local measures in the works. The Los Angeles city attorney is drafting a moratorium for consideration by the city council, and officials in Monterey County are also considering placing a fracking ban on the ballot in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25788\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Fracking-feature-e1420074728976-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25788 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Fracking-feature-e1420074728976-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Fracking feature\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pumpjacks draw crude oil from wells on Signal Hill in Long Beach. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama’s chief custodian of federal lands says local and regional bans on fracking are taking regulation of oil and gas recovery in the wrong direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that is the wrong way to go,” Interior Secretary Sally Jewell told KQED in an exclusive interview. “I think it’s going to be very difficult for industry to figure out what the rules are if different counties have different rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, two California counties added themselves to a growing list of \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/11/05/new-california-county-fracking-bans-likely-to-face-challenges/\">local bans on hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a>. Voters approved measures in San Benito and Mendocino Counties by wide margins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of fears out there in the general public and that manifests itself with local laws or regional laws,” Jewell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"Nat Geo - post\" href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2014/12/141218-fracking-ban-new-york-states-oil-gas-drilling-energy-news/\">recent move by New York\u003c/a> to extend a statewide ban does not sit especially well with Jewell, who, as a former petroleum engineer, has hands-on experience with fracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot of misinformation about fracking,” Jewell said. “I think that localized efforts or statewide efforts in many cases don’t understand the science behind it and I think there needs to be more science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘I think that localized efforts or statewide efforts in many cases don’t understand the science.’\u003ccite>— Sally Jewell,\u003cbr>\nU.S. Secretary of the Interior\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“These are very troubling comments,” said Kassie Siegel, who directs the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In essence Secretary Jewell seems to be saying that communities around the country, the governor and public health commissioner of New York, and the over 600,000 people who wrote to the Interior Department urging her to adopt a ban on fracking, don’t understand the science and are just acting out of an irrational fear of fracking,” Siegel said. “It’s insulting, and quite simply wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siegel said “numerous studies” have established the health dangers posed by common oilfield chemicals, and noted that “the oil and gas fields on federal land under her jurisdiction are among the biggest sources of methane and ozone pollution in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jewell said she’s counting on government scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies to “really help us understand what is happening on the landscapes with hydraulic fracturing and also deep water injections, induced seismicity, those kinds of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and gas companies use fracking, or \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - Fracking\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a> methods to get at reserves that were previously too costly to pursue. Chemical slurries forced into underground rock fissures at high pressure create channels for crude oil and natural gas to flow to surface wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need is sound science that is driving our decision-making,” Jewell said, “and as a regulator that is exactly what we’re relying on as we are looking at releasing our own fracking regulations, which are out for public comment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a public meeting in Napa in December, Jewell told KQED that the public is speaking. “They are concerned about this and they want to make sure any kind of oil and gas activity is done safely and responsibly in terms of their water supply and in terms of their communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where does that responsibility lie?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is an industry responsibility,” Jewell said. “I’ve made it very clear to industry that it’s not my job to defend their practices; it’s their job to both ensure their practices are safe and then communicate with communities that their practices are safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not surprising that with state and federal officials in denial,” Siegel said, “Californians are taking action at the local level to protect themselves from all the perils of oil and gas drilling, and this is a trend that will continue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certainly there are more local measures in the works. The Los Angeles city attorney is drafting a moratorium for consideration by the city council, and officials in Monterey County are also considering placing a fracking ban on the ballot in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Call for Suspension of Crude-by-Rail Shipments After Feather River Derailment",
"title": "Call for Suspension of Crude-by-Rail Shipments After Feather River Derailment",
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"content": "\u003cp>A prominent critic of the state's readiness to respond to potential crude-by-rail accidents wants Gov. Jerry Brown to impose a moratorium on oil trains traveling through Northern California's Feather River Canyon and more than a dozen other sections of railroad throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Jerry Hill (D-San Mateo) made the request after \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article4143203.html\" target=\"_blank\">a Union Pacific freight train derailed\u003c/a> on the Feather River route northeast of Oroville last week. A dozen cars of the train, which was carrying grain, left the tracks; one car spilled corn into the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill's letter (\u003ca href=\"#hillletter\">embedded below\u003c/a>) reminded the governor the incident was a close call:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Your Office of Emergency Services (OES) was quoted as saying that \"we dodged a bullet\" because the train was carrying corn rather than oil. OES stated that each week a train carrying 1 million gallons of highly volatile crude oil from the Bakken oil field in Montana and North Dakota travels down the canyon and there are plans to add a second train shortly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident serves as a warning alarm to the State of California. Had Tuesday's derailment resulted in a spill of oil, the spill could have caused serious contamination in the Feather River, flowing into Lake Oroville, and contaminating California's second largest reservoir that supplies water to the California Water Project and millions of people.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hill's letter goes on to call for a halt to shipments of crude oil and other hazardous substances on sections of railroad that the California Public Utilities Commission has identified as particularly hazardous. Those track segments include about 87 miles of the Feather River route between Oroville and Quincy and roughly 16 other sites throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC identified rail segments with steep grades and sharp curves, many of which are situated adjacent to bodies of water. Because those sites are usually in remote areas, emergency responders are generally unequipped to respond quickly to accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill asked Brown to impose a moratorium on hazardous materials shipments until state and local agencies \"have developed and fully implemented emergency prevention and response plans are fully protective of our environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's Hill's complete letter:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hillletter\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/248980547/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_68048\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A prominent critic of the state's readiness to respond to potential crude-by-rail accidents wants Gov. Jerry Brown to impose a moratorium on oil trains traveling through Northern California's Feather River Canyon and more than a dozen other sections of railroad throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Jerry Hill (D-San Mateo) made the request after \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article4143203.html\" target=\"_blank\">a Union Pacific freight train derailed\u003c/a> on the Feather River route northeast of Oroville last week. A dozen cars of the train, which was carrying grain, left the tracks; one car spilled corn into the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill's letter (\u003ca href=\"#hillletter\">embedded below\u003c/a>) reminded the governor the incident was a close call:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Your Office of Emergency Services (OES) was quoted as saying that \"we dodged a bullet\" because the train was carrying corn rather than oil. OES stated that each week a train carrying 1 million gallons of highly volatile crude oil from the Bakken oil field in Montana and North Dakota travels down the canyon and there are plans to add a second train shortly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident serves as a warning alarm to the State of California. Had Tuesday's derailment resulted in a spill of oil, the spill could have caused serious contamination in the Feather River, flowing into Lake Oroville, and contaminating California's second largest reservoir that supplies water to the California Water Project and millions of people.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hill's letter goes on to call for a halt to shipments of crude oil and other hazardous substances on sections of railroad that the California Public Utilities Commission has identified as particularly hazardous. Those track segments include about 87 miles of the Feather River route between Oroville and Quincy and roughly 16 other sites throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC identified rail segments with steep grades and sharp curves, many of which are situated adjacent to bodies of water. Because those sites are usually in remote areas, emergency responders are generally unequipped to respond quickly to accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill asked Brown to impose a moratorium on hazardous materials shipments until state and local agencies \"have developed and fully implemented emergency prevention and response plans are fully protective of our environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's Hill's complete letter:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hillletter\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/248980547/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_68048\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Stalled Clean Power Alternative to PG&E Looms Large in New S.F. Electricity Law",
"headTitle": "Stalled Clean Power Alternative to PG&E Looms Large in New S.F. Electricity Law | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24284\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Hetch.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24284\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Hetch.jpg\" alt=\"Dated signage indicating electricity from Hetch Hetchy. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A weathered wooden sign in Fremont boasts electricity from Hetch Hetchy. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a move that could generate tens of millions of dollars for the city, San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors passed legislation today that would give the city’s Public Utilities Commission a “right of first refusal” to sell electricity to private development projects in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC’s Power Enterprise currently sells on the wholesale market electricity that’s left over after municipal uses like powering City Hall. But the city could make about four times as much money selling to private customers at retail rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new arrangement would switch the default power provider for many larger construction projects, and the long-term electricity needs of whatever’s getting built in booming San Francisco, from Pacific Gas and Electric to the city. It would allow the SFPUC to sell electricity to projects on public lands, those developed with public funds and any private projects seeking city approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisors’ long-stalled effort to form \u003ca href=\"http://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=577\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CleanPowerSF\u003c/a>, a city-run, clean-energy alternative to PG&E, looms large in the new law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had a history of a monopoly in San Francisco, with PG&E, on electricity,” said the ordinance’s author, San Francisco Supervisor Scott Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He introduced an amendment Monday suggesting that the SFPUC prioritize selling electricity to CleanPowerSF if and when the program launches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokesman would not comment on the legislation, but provided KQED with a prepared statement that said the company looks forward to continuing to provide clean energy to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will continue to work with the city on this issue,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CleanPowerSF was stalled by the SFPUC last year, when the commission refused to set rates for the greener, and thus more expensive, electricity that would be sold by the city but transmitted across PG&E’s network. The program was set up to automatically enroll residents, who would then have to opt out in order to revert to PG&E power. CleanPowerSF’s additional “generation charge,” which could run anywhere from $5.29 to near $10 per month to match a green alternative proposed by PG&E, would appear on customers’ PG&E bill. A final decision on the rate is pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/S-F-clean-energy-program-could-generate-8-100-5897392.php\">reported Monday\u003c/a> that Wiener called the “right of first refusal” legislation “complementary” to the CleanPowerSF effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24277\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Where-your-hetch-hetchy-power-comes-from.aspx_.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24277 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Where-your-hetch-hetchy-power-comes-from.aspx_.jpg\" alt=\"Where your hetch hetchy power comes from.aspx\" width=\"590\" height=\"251\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The vast majority of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s electricity is hydropower from Hetch Hetchy. (SFPUC)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener says the Power Enterprise “has been starved of resources because it is not more of a retail provider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC’s Power Enterprise currently takes in about $115 million each year from electricity sales, according to the program’s Assistant General Manager Barbara Hale. About 15 percent of that comes from selling excess energy on the wholesale market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do have available power to sell to additional retail customers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More retail-rate customers could mean a $40 million increase in revenue for the SFPUC yearly, Wiener said, and should enlarge the local commission’s footprint in San Francisco’s electricity market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Business Operators and Managers Association and Chamber of Commerce both oppose the legislation because it will force some private entities to purchase power from the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some serious problems with this legislation, supervisor,” BOMA’s Ken Cleaveland told Wiener at a Land Use Committee meeting Monday. “If the city bids out many of its services, why don’t you allow PG&E and the SFPUC to bid contracts for these new developments?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s rates are equal to or lower than PG&E’s, Hale said, and the power is “100 percent greenhouse gas free.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24284\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Hetch.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24284\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Hetch.jpg\" alt=\"Dated signage indicating electricity from Hetch Hetchy. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A weathered wooden sign in Fremont boasts electricity from Hetch Hetchy. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a move that could generate tens of millions of dollars for the city, San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors passed legislation today that would give the city’s Public Utilities Commission a “right of first refusal” to sell electricity to private development projects in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC’s Power Enterprise currently sells on the wholesale market electricity that’s left over after municipal uses like powering City Hall. But the city could make about four times as much money selling to private customers at retail rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new arrangement would switch the default power provider for many larger construction projects, and the long-term electricity needs of whatever’s getting built in booming San Francisco, from Pacific Gas and Electric to the city. It would allow the SFPUC to sell electricity to projects on public lands, those developed with public funds and any private projects seeking city approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisors’ long-stalled effort to form \u003ca href=\"http://sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=577\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CleanPowerSF\u003c/a>, a city-run, clean-energy alternative to PG&E, looms large in the new law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had a history of a monopoly in San Francisco, with PG&E, on electricity,” said the ordinance’s author, San Francisco Supervisor Scott Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He introduced an amendment Monday suggesting that the SFPUC prioritize selling electricity to CleanPowerSF if and when the program launches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokesman would not comment on the legislation, but provided KQED with a prepared statement that said the company looks forward to continuing to provide clean energy to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will continue to work with the city on this issue,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CleanPowerSF was stalled by the SFPUC last year, when the commission refused to set rates for the greener, and thus more expensive, electricity that would be sold by the city but transmitted across PG&E’s network. The program was set up to automatically enroll residents, who would then have to opt out in order to revert to PG&E power. CleanPowerSF’s additional “generation charge,” which could run anywhere from $5.29 to near $10 per month to match a green alternative proposed by PG&E, would appear on customers’ PG&E bill. A final decision on the rate is pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/S-F-clean-energy-program-could-generate-8-100-5897392.php\">reported Monday\u003c/a> that Wiener called the “right of first refusal” legislation “complementary” to the CleanPowerSF effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24277\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Where-your-hetch-hetchy-power-comes-from.aspx_.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24277 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/11/Where-your-hetch-hetchy-power-comes-from.aspx_.jpg\" alt=\"Where your hetch hetchy power comes from.aspx\" width=\"590\" height=\"251\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The vast majority of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s electricity is hydropower from Hetch Hetchy. (SFPUC)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener says the Power Enterprise “has been starved of resources because it is not more of a retail provider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPUC’s Power Enterprise currently takes in about $115 million each year from electricity sales, according to the program’s Assistant General Manager Barbara Hale. About 15 percent of that comes from selling excess energy on the wholesale market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do have available power to sell to additional retail customers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More retail-rate customers could mean a $40 million increase in revenue for the SFPUC yearly, Wiener said, and should enlarge the local commission’s footprint in San Francisco’s electricity market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Business Operators and Managers Association and Chamber of Commerce both oppose the legislation because it will force some private entities to purchase power from the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some serious problems with this legislation, supervisor,” BOMA’s Ken Cleaveland told Wiener at a Land Use Committee meeting Monday. “If the city bids out many of its services, why don’t you allow PG&E and the SFPUC to bid contracts for these new developments?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s rates are equal to or lower than PG&E’s, Hale said, and the power is “100 percent greenhouse gas free.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Utilities and Solar Companies Battle Over Electricity Prices",
"headTitle": "California Utilities and Solar Companies Battle Over Electricity Prices | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/11/20141124science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24195\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/solar.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/solar.jpg\" alt=\"Solar companies worry that newly proposed electricity rates from California utilities will make it less appealing for Californians to install solar panels. (Dennis Schroeder/Department of Energy)\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24195\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Solar companies worry that newly proposed electricity rates from California utilities will make it less appealing for Californians to install solar panels.\u003cbr>(Dennis Schroeder/Department of Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Electricity bills could be going up for millions of Californians under a new proposal from the state’s major utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric is proposing an overhaul of the way customers are charged for electricity, which the utility says would be more fair for many customers. But solar companies see it as a direct attack, because the changes could make installing solar panels less appealing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate is just one more battle in a slow-simmering war between electric utilities and solar companies. The front lines are in the homes of average Californians – like Elmore Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s working great,” Williams says, looking up at the solar panels on his four-bedroom Vacaville home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just six months ago, Williams was a solid PG&E customer — his household used more electricity than average for its size. His bill would hit $300 during the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had the air conditioner running all thet time,” he says. With the panels, Williams pays a set amount for solar power and much less to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, my wife is just so happy!” He says she tells him, “‘Look how much we’re paying this time. Our PG&E bill is just sixteen dollars this time.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One customer may not be a big loss to PG&E, but solar is growing fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s no question – the fixed charge is the worst nightmare of the solar installers.’\u003ccite>— Severin Borenstein\u003cbr>UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have far and away the most customer solar,” says Jonathan Marshall, a spokesman for PG&E. One-quarter of all rooftop solar systems in the country are found in PG&E’s service area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall says PG&E isn’t \u003cem>against \u003c/em>solar. The problem, as he sees it, is that solar customers aren’t paying their share of keeping up the electric grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In fact, they use the grid more than almost anyone,” he says, “because they’re selling power back into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Households with solar still use PG&E’s electricity after the sun goes down, but \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\">they also make money back\u003c/a> by selling PG&E the extra solar power they generate during the day, giving them lower bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Electricity Price Overhaul\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the newly proposed electric rates, solar customers, along with everyone else, would pay a fixed monthly charge: $10 per month, adding up to $120 a year. Customers with Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric would pay the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s to help share the cost of basic infrastructure that we all use and depend on – lines, poles, meters and so forth,” Marshall says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second change is to the price of electricity itself. Today, there are four electricity rates for PG&E customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cheapest rate is for “baseline” power use – a certain amount of electricity that PG&E allocates based on where you live. Currently, it costs 15 cents per kilowatt hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But use electricity beyond that amount and the prices go up, all the way to 32 cents per kilowatt hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Electric-rates-11212014.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Electric-rates-11212014.jpg\" alt=\"(David Pierce/KQED)\" width=\"2300\" height=\"1644\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24146\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(David Pierce/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Utilities call this \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/myhome/saveenergymoney/plans/tiers/index.page\">“tiered” pricing\u003c/a>. Since California’s electricity crisis hit in 2000, the two lower tiers have stayed basically fixed and the higher tiers have been raised. Marshall says the system penalizes heavy users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as if going to the grocery store, they had to pay more per gallon of milk just because they have more mouths to feed at the table,” Marshall says. “That doesn’t make much sense. But it is how we today charge for electricity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new system, PG&E would charge two prices for electricity. By 2018, 74 percent of customers would see their bills go up by an average of $12 a month compared to today. About a quarter of customers, the heaviest power users, would see their bills decrease by $31 a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Harming Conservation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmental groups say those changes will send an anti-conservation message to California consumers. High electricity prices are meant to be painful, they say, so the heaviest users are encouraged to conserve or invest in energy efficient appliances and home upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the tiered pricing system as it is today is too complicated for consumers to track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people were really aware of which tier they were on, you would get some conservation,” says Severin Borenstein, an economist at UC Berkeley. “But I think it’s unlikely that many people other than electricity nerds actually know what tier their consumption is on. Most people just think there’s some price for electricity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since PG&E customers with historically lower bills would have higher bills under the new rate structure, it could also encourage conservation among a new group of customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Solar Companies Cry Foul\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes in electricity rates would have a major impact on PG&E’s biggest competitor: the solar industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investor-owned utilities across the country are fighting rooftop solar,” says Sanjay Ranchod of SolarCity, the largest solar company in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch5>How Would Electric Bills Change?\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/11/Five-Bill.jpg\" alt=\"Five Bill\" width=\"537\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-24183\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>It varies by region. Here’s a sample for customers in the East Bay in 2018:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>400 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes up by $17 — from $58 to $75.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>800 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes down by $16 — from $172 to $156.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1,200 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes down by $66 — from $302 to $236.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Source: PG&E\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ranchod says if utilities are changing electricity prices, there’s no need to add the $10 monthly charge on top of it. The only thing that does is make solar less attractive at a time when California’s trying to encourage renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A higher and higher fixed charge that customers can’t escape,” he says, “is designed to undermine the value that solar customers can get from their investment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranchod says it’s a sign that utilities like PG&E see solar as threat. “For a company that has depended on a monopoly, competition from SolarCity or any other solar company is scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Death Spiral\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question – the fixed charge is the worst nightmare of the solar installers,” says Severin Borenstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the monthly fee will make it harder for solar companies to compete, though the cost of solar panels still falling. But in the bigger picture, Borenstein says, this debate is just one more sign that solar is a disruptive technology, somewhat like cell phones versus land lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysts even have a name for the way solar is cutting into the utility business model: the “\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\">death spiral\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s a big question in electricity industry right now about what will happen to utilities,” Borenstein says, “and what their business model will be 10 or 20 or 30 years from now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of being power companies, he says, utilities could become electric grid companies, “where they don’t actually bring electricity in, they just shuffle it around between one house and another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With such a large solar market, California could be one of the first places this plays out. In the meantime, the California Public Utilities Commission is expected to decide on the new pricing structure in the spring. The rates could go into effect next summer.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Solar companies in California have long been able to tell homeowners they can save a lot of money on power bills by going solar. Now PG&E is proposing a rate change the company says will be more fair for everyone. But solar companies say it’s simply an attack on their industry.",
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"description": "Solar companies in California have long been able to tell homeowners they can save a lot of money on power bills by going solar. Now PG&E is proposing a rate change the company says will be more fair for everyone. But solar companies say it’s simply an attack on their industry.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24195\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/solar.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/solar.jpg\" alt=\"Solar companies worry that newly proposed electricity rates from California utilities will make it less appealing for Californians to install solar panels. (Dennis Schroeder/Department of Energy)\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24195\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Solar companies worry that newly proposed electricity rates from California utilities will make it less appealing for Californians to install solar panels.\u003cbr>(Dennis Schroeder/Department of Energy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Electricity bills could be going up for millions of Californians under a new proposal from the state’s major utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric is proposing an overhaul of the way customers are charged for electricity, which the utility says would be more fair for many customers. But solar companies see it as a direct attack, because the changes could make installing solar panels less appealing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate is just one more battle in a slow-simmering war between electric utilities and solar companies. The front lines are in the homes of average Californians – like Elmore Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s working great,” Williams says, looking up at the solar panels on his four-bedroom Vacaville home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just six months ago, Williams was a solid PG&E customer — his household used more electricity than average for its size. His bill would hit $300 during the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had the air conditioner running all thet time,” he says. With the panels, Williams pays a set amount for solar power and much less to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, my wife is just so happy!” He says she tells him, “‘Look how much we’re paying this time. Our PG&E bill is just sixteen dollars this time.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One customer may not be a big loss to PG&E, but solar is growing fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s no question – the fixed charge is the worst nightmare of the solar installers.’\u003ccite>— Severin Borenstein\u003cbr>UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have far and away the most customer solar,” says Jonathan Marshall, a spokesman for PG&E. One-quarter of all rooftop solar systems in the country are found in PG&E’s service area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall says PG&E isn’t \u003cem>against \u003c/em>solar. The problem, as he sees it, is that solar customers aren’t paying their share of keeping up the electric grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In fact, they use the grid more than almost anyone,” he says, “because they’re selling power back into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Households with solar still use PG&E’s electricity after the sun goes down, but \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\">they also make money back\u003c/a> by selling PG&E the extra solar power they generate during the day, giving them lower bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Electricity Price Overhaul\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the newly proposed electric rates, solar customers, along with everyone else, would pay a fixed monthly charge: $10 per month, adding up to $120 a year. Customers with Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric would pay the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s to help share the cost of basic infrastructure that we all use and depend on – lines, poles, meters and so forth,” Marshall says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second change is to the price of electricity itself. Today, there are four electricity rates for PG&E customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cheapest rate is for “baseline” power use – a certain amount of electricity that PG&E allocates based on where you live. Currently, it costs 15 cents per kilowatt hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But use electricity beyond that amount and the prices go up, all the way to 32 cents per kilowatt hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Electric-rates-11212014.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Electric-rates-11212014.jpg\" alt=\"(David Pierce/KQED)\" width=\"2300\" height=\"1644\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24146\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(David Pierce/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Utilities call this \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/myhome/saveenergymoney/plans/tiers/index.page\">“tiered” pricing\u003c/a>. Since California’s electricity crisis hit in 2000, the two lower tiers have stayed basically fixed and the higher tiers have been raised. Marshall says the system penalizes heavy users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s as if going to the grocery store, they had to pay more per gallon of milk just because they have more mouths to feed at the table,” Marshall says. “That doesn’t make much sense. But it is how we today charge for electricity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new system, PG&E would charge two prices for electricity. By 2018, 74 percent of customers would see their bills go up by an average of $12 a month compared to today. About a quarter of customers, the heaviest power users, would see their bills decrease by $31 a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Harming Conservation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmental groups say those changes will send an anti-conservation message to California consumers. High electricity prices are meant to be painful, they say, so the heaviest users are encouraged to conserve or invest in energy efficient appliances and home upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the tiered pricing system as it is today is too complicated for consumers to track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people were really aware of which tier they were on, you would get some conservation,” says Severin Borenstein, an economist at UC Berkeley. “But I think it’s unlikely that many people other than electricity nerds actually know what tier their consumption is on. Most people just think there’s some price for electricity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since PG&E customers with historically lower bills would have higher bills under the new rate structure, it could also encourage conservation among a new group of customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Solar Companies Cry Foul\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes in electricity rates would have a major impact on PG&E’s biggest competitor: the solar industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investor-owned utilities across the country are fighting rooftop solar,” says Sanjay Ranchod of SolarCity, the largest solar company in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch5>How Would Electric Bills Change?\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/11/Five-Bill.jpg\" alt=\"Five Bill\" width=\"537\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-24183\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>It varies by region. Here’s a sample for customers in the East Bay in 2018:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>400 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes up by $17 — from $58 to $75.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>800 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes down by $16 — from $172 to $156.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1,200 kilowatt hours per month: Your bill goes down by $66 — from $302 to $236.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Source: PG&E\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ranchod says if utilities are changing electricity prices, there’s no need to add the $10 monthly charge on top of it. The only thing that does is make solar less attractive at a time when California’s trying to encourage renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A higher and higher fixed charge that customers can’t escape,” he says, “is designed to undermine the value that solar customers can get from their investment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranchod says it’s a sign that utilities like PG&E see solar as threat. “For a company that has depended on a monopoly, competition from SolarCity or any other solar company is scary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Death Spiral\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question – the fixed charge is the worst nightmare of the solar installers,” says Severin Borenstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the monthly fee will make it harder for solar companies to compete, though the cost of solar panels still falling. But in the bigger picture, Borenstein says, this debate is just one more sign that solar is a disruptive technology, somewhat like cell phones versus land lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysts even have a name for the way solar is cutting into the utility business model: the “\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\">death spiral\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s a big question in electricity industry right now about what will happen to utilities,” Borenstein says, “and what their business model will be 10 or 20 or 30 years from now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of being power companies, he says, utilities could become electric grid companies, “where they don’t actually bring electricity in, they just shuffle it around between one house and another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With such a large solar market, California could be one of the first places this plays out. In the meantime, the California Public Utilities Commission is expected to decide on the new pricing structure in the spring. The rates could go into effect next summer.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Water Board Weighs Phasing Out Diablo Canyon's Cooling System",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/dcpp/index.page\">Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant\u003c/a>, located near San Luis Obispo on California's Central Coast, pulls in 2½ billion gallons of seawater every day, and then lets it out, 20 degrees warmer, back into the ocean. The system is known to cause marine damage, harming billions of fish larvae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCUQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swrcb.ca.gov%2Fpublications_forms%2Fpublications%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Foncethroughcooling.pdf&ei=YAFtVK31F866ogTUvYKwAw&usg=AFQjCNH8ziOmSv_3hKrAOL59bW03eYYieA&sig2=BHaEDC6JkeBIQinjm2pPzw\">California’s water board \u003c/a>required all coastal power plants in the state to phase out this type of system, called once-through-cooling, bringing the state in line with part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act\">federal Clean Water Act.\u003c/a> The \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/\">State Water Resources Board\u003c/a> held a hearing Tuesday afternoon to discuss whether PG&E should have to comply with that policy at Diablo Canyon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/177692698\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two nuclear power plants in operation on the California coast when the policy was adopted were given until 2015 to show how or if they could comply. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactor/songs/decommissioning-plans.html\">San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station\u003c/a> has since ceased to operate. PG&E is arguing that the cost to phase out once-through-cooling at Diablo Canyon is too high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And due to the fact that Diablo Canyon is a significant contributor of clean energy to the state and is helping the state reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change, it’s important that alternative compliance measures are considered,\" said Blair Jones, a spokesman for PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing centered around a study by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bechtel.com/\">Bechtel Corp\u003c/a>., commissioned by PG&E, to show compliance options. It included possibilities from mesh screens to the tall cooling towers that many people think would be the best solution. Part of the rub lies in the cost. Bechtel says it could be somewhere between $6.5 billion and $11.5 billion to build the towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental advocates argued for the cooling towers, citing other studies with much lower costs, in the $1.5 billion to $4.5 billion range. Damon Moglen is with \u003ca href=\"http://www.foe.org/projects/climate-and-energy/nuclear-reactors\">Friends of the Earth\u003c/a>, an environmental group that opposes nuclear power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question that we face here with Diablo Canyon is, does PG&E deserve to be excluded from two of the key environmental protection policies that the state of California has set up? And the answer is no! If they say they can generate energy safely and cleanly, then they need to comply with the law,” said Moglen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/ocean/cwa316/rcnfpp/\">review committee\u003c/a>, including the California Public Utilities Commission and the California Energy Commission, say there is no basis for exempting Diablo Canyon from phasing out once-through cooling. They recommend making compliance a minimum condition for relicensing the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water board staff say they received 7,000 public written comments calling for full compliance. They hope to make recommendations regarding the nuclear power plant early next year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/dcpp/index.page\">Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant\u003c/a>, located near San Luis Obispo on California's Central Coast, pulls in 2½ billion gallons of seawater every day, and then lets it out, 20 degrees warmer, back into the ocean. The system is known to cause marine damage, harming billions of fish larvae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCUQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swrcb.ca.gov%2Fpublications_forms%2Fpublications%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Foncethroughcooling.pdf&ei=YAFtVK31F866ogTUvYKwAw&usg=AFQjCNH8ziOmSv_3hKrAOL59bW03eYYieA&sig2=BHaEDC6JkeBIQinjm2pPzw\">California’s water board \u003c/a>required all coastal power plants in the state to phase out this type of system, called once-through-cooling, bringing the state in line with part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act\">federal Clean Water Act.\u003c/a> The \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/\">State Water Resources Board\u003c/a> held a hearing Tuesday afternoon to discuss whether PG&E should have to comply with that policy at Diablo Canyon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/177692698&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/177692698'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two nuclear power plants in operation on the California coast when the policy was adopted were given until 2015 to show how or if they could comply. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactor/songs/decommissioning-plans.html\">San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station\u003c/a> has since ceased to operate. PG&E is arguing that the cost to phase out once-through-cooling at Diablo Canyon is too high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And due to the fact that Diablo Canyon is a significant contributor of clean energy to the state and is helping the state reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change, it’s important that alternative compliance measures are considered,\" said Blair Jones, a spokesman for PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing centered around a study by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bechtel.com/\">Bechtel Corp\u003c/a>., commissioned by PG&E, to show compliance options. It included possibilities from mesh screens to the tall cooling towers that many people think would be the best solution. Part of the rub lies in the cost. Bechtel says it could be somewhere between $6.5 billion and $11.5 billion to build the towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental advocates argued for the cooling towers, citing other studies with much lower costs, in the $1.5 billion to $4.5 billion range. Damon Moglen is with \u003ca href=\"http://www.foe.org/projects/climate-and-energy/nuclear-reactors\">Friends of the Earth\u003c/a>, an environmental group that opposes nuclear power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question that we face here with Diablo Canyon is, does PG&E deserve to be excluded from two of the key environmental protection policies that the state of California has set up? And the answer is no! If they say they can generate energy safely and cleanly, then they need to comply with the law,” said Moglen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/ocean/cwa316/rcnfpp/\">review committee\u003c/a>, including the California Public Utilities Commission and the California Energy Commission, say there is no basis for exempting Diablo Canyon from phasing out once-through cooling. They recommend making compliance a minimum condition for relicensing the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water board staff say they received 7,000 public written comments calling for full compliance. They hope to make recommendations regarding the nuclear power plant early next year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23674\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Obama-Jinping.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Obama-Jinping.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama looks on as Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks during a joint press conference in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November 12, 2014. Obama began a one-day state visit after the closing of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. (Greg Baker/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"837\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23674\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Barack Obama looks on as Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks during a joint press conference in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November 12, 2014. Obama began a one-day state visit after the closing of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. (Greg Baker/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The world woke up to excited buzz Wednesday announcing a tentative emission-cutting deal between the U.S. and China, the world’s worst two polluters that together account for almost half of all greenhouse gas emissions on the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House trumpteted the agreement that by 2025 would cut U.S. CO2 emissions by 26 to 28 percent from 2005 levels. For its part, China agreed to cap its growth in emissions by 2030 or earlier, and to increase the share of renewable fuels to 20 percent by 2030. The rest of the world today began wondering how, exactly, the non-binding pact would be realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at cross-purposes,” said former U.S. Security Official Jamie Metzl, speaking on KQED’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/radio/programs/forum/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/em> today. “President Obama and Xi Jinping are today saying that this climate pre-agreement — because nothing has been put down on paper — shows what’s possible when we work together. But at the same time, both countries are very aggressively working to advance their position relative to the other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Metzl said, the U.S. is moving forward with the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade agreement that doesn’t currently include China. And China is pursuing its own free trade agreements in the region, while building up its military presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s scaring the bejesus, if that’s a San Francisco word, out of its neighbors — Japan, others in the South China Sea,” Metzl said. “And the U.S. is having its so-called pivot to Asia, where we’re talking about trade but also increasing our military presence in the region. So there’s a huge amount of competition and potential room for conflict, and there’s this other story of trying to find a means of cooperation. So climate change — this is certainly very positive, but it doesn’t erase the overall framework, which is one that’s quite concerning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brinksmanship is also playing out domestically, with Republican leaders in the House and Senate decrying the climate deal as a “continuation of the president’s job-crushing policies” and an “unrealistic plan the president would dump on his successor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their ire is directed at the pace of emission reductions that would be required to reach the goal. The U.S. is currently aiming for a 17 percent reduction by 2020, a goal that will have taken 15 years. The deal with China calls for an additional reduction of 10 percent in five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From 2020 to 2025, for the United States to achieve the goals that the President put forward, we would need to double the pace of the reductions to greenhouse gas emissions that we’re currently on track to do,” L.A. Times reporter Neela Banerjee said on \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>. “There’s going to be a political backlash, and it’ll probably take the form of legislation that will be introduced, lawsuits, and — like anything else that’s put forward by this administration — it’s somewhat of a gamble. Will it survive those challenges?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banerjee said it’s not just Republicans who may try to stall the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of Democrats from fossil fuel states who may accept that climate change is happening,” she said. “They just don’t want to act on it anytime soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the effort to reduce greenhouse gases also has allies, and Banerjee some may be found in big business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more and more companies, including major Fortune 500 multinationals, that are seeing their bottom lines affected by climate change and by threats that are expected from climate change,” she said. “So they might find support in unexpected quarters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a bit a of damper buried in the announcement for anyone celebrating the news as landmark international environmental progress on a subject that’s been intractable. That is, what will replace the coal plants currently generating energy, and pollution, in the two global powers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this ‘agreement,’ when [China] talks about going to 20 percent renewables by 2030, the only way they’re going to do that, it’s not by composting, it’s by nuclear,” Metzl said. “We’re also moving, shifting our energy use away from coal a little bit, and towards natural gas – fracking [hydraulic fracturing]. In China, nuclear’s a big part of this story. In the United States, fracking is a part of this story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to the \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> segment below:\u003cbr>\n[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/176622110″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23674\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Obama-Jinping.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/Obama-Jinping.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama looks on as Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks during a joint press conference in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November 12, 2014. Obama began a one-day state visit after the closing of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. (Greg Baker/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"837\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23674\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Barack Obama looks on as Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks during a joint press conference in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November 12, 2014. Obama began a one-day state visit after the closing of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. (Greg Baker/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The world woke up to excited buzz Wednesday announcing a tentative emission-cutting deal between the U.S. and China, the world’s worst two polluters that together account for almost half of all greenhouse gas emissions on the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House trumpteted the agreement that by 2025 would cut U.S. CO2 emissions by 26 to 28 percent from 2005 levels. For its part, China agreed to cap its growth in emissions by 2030 or earlier, and to increase the share of renewable fuels to 20 percent by 2030. The rest of the world today began wondering how, exactly, the non-binding pact would be realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at cross-purposes,” said former U.S. Security Official Jamie Metzl, speaking on KQED’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/radio/programs/forum/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/em> today. “President Obama and Xi Jinping are today saying that this climate pre-agreement — because nothing has been put down on paper — shows what’s possible when we work together. But at the same time, both countries are very aggressively working to advance their position relative to the other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, Metzl said, the U.S. is moving forward with the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade agreement that doesn’t currently include China. And China is pursuing its own free trade agreements in the region, while building up its military presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s scaring the bejesus, if that’s a San Francisco word, out of its neighbors — Japan, others in the South China Sea,” Metzl said. “And the U.S. is having its so-called pivot to Asia, where we’re talking about trade but also increasing our military presence in the region. So there’s a huge amount of competition and potential room for conflict, and there’s this other story of trying to find a means of cooperation. So climate change — this is certainly very positive, but it doesn’t erase the overall framework, which is one that’s quite concerning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brinksmanship is also playing out domestically, with Republican leaders in the House and Senate decrying the climate deal as a “continuation of the president’s job-crushing policies” and an “unrealistic plan the president would dump on his successor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their ire is directed at the pace of emission reductions that would be required to reach the goal. The U.S. is currently aiming for a 17 percent reduction by 2020, a goal that will have taken 15 years. The deal with China calls for an additional reduction of 10 percent in five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From 2020 to 2025, for the United States to achieve the goals that the President put forward, we would need to double the pace of the reductions to greenhouse gas emissions that we’re currently on track to do,” L.A. Times reporter Neela Banerjee said on \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>. “There’s going to be a political backlash, and it’ll probably take the form of legislation that will be introduced, lawsuits, and — like anything else that’s put forward by this administration — it’s somewhat of a gamble. Will it survive those challenges?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banerjee said it’s not just Republicans who may try to stall the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of Democrats from fossil fuel states who may accept that climate change is happening,” she said. “They just don’t want to act on it anytime soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the effort to reduce greenhouse gases also has allies, and Banerjee some may be found in big business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more and more companies, including major Fortune 500 multinationals, that are seeing their bottom lines affected by climate change and by threats that are expected from climate change,” she said. “So they might find support in unexpected quarters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a bit a of damper buried in the announcement for anyone celebrating the news as landmark international environmental progress on a subject that’s been intractable. That is, what will replace the coal plants currently generating energy, and pollution, in the two global powers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this ‘agreement,’ when [China] talks about going to 20 percent renewables by 2030, the only way they’re going to do that, it’s not by composting, it’s by nuclear,” Metzl said. “We’re also moving, shifting our energy use away from coal a little bit, and towards natural gas – fracking [hydraulic fracturing]. In China, nuclear’s a big part of this story. In the United States, fracking is a part of this story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to the \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> segment below:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/176622110″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/176622110″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "New California County Fracking Bans Likely to Face Challenges",
"headTitle": "New California County Fracking Bans Likely to Face Challenges | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23478\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/sanbenito-fracking.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23478\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/sanbenito-fracking.jpg\" alt=\"San Benito County voters approved a fracking ban, but it's likely to face challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Benito County voters approved a fracking ban, but it’s likely to face challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first major test of how California voters would react to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a> on the ballot, two counties in California approved fracking bans on Tuesday. Opponents of fracking are hoping the movement will spread to other counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a measure to bar the controversial oil production technique in Santa Barbara County — where the oil industry is well-established — fell short. And in San Benito and Mendocino Counties, where the bans passed, they are likely to face court challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was incredibly exciting,” says organizer Andy Hsia-Coron, who rallied support for the San Benito fracking ban by raising environmental concerns, like possible risks to groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it sets a model for how you do these initiatives,” he says. “We’ve already been contacted by other counties making inquiries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”HS3lmwEtvxtUvFY4tQglZEHsaS46E95y”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bans are pre-emptive. Currently, fracking doesn’t occur in San Benito or Mendocino Counties. But both measures also ban a more common oil extraction technique where steam is injected underground to induce oil flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Benito County’s oil industry is small, the change could be significant for the producers who work there, some of whom regard the law as a confiscation of property rights, also known as a “taking” in legal parlance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a regulatory taking because it’s the regulation which is depriving property owners of the ability to extract value from their minerals or property,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that’s developing an oil project in San Benito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s the duty of the county at this point to either allow people to continue to extract value from their property and not enforce the initiative or to compensate them accordingly with the fair market value of what they’ve been deprived of,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Nahabedian\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/10/10/anti-fracking-activists-in-california-take-fight-to-county-ballots/\"> described the use of steam injection\u003c/a> in a KQED report:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The oil industry went all-out to head off a ban in Santa Barbara County, where oil production is a larger part of the local economy. The “No on P” campaign raised more than $7 million to defeat it, largely from the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battles over fracking on the local level are far from over. Butte County is set to vote on a fracking ban in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23478\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/sanbenito-fracking.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23478\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/11/sanbenito-fracking.jpg\" alt=\"San Benito County voters approved a fracking ban, but it's likely to face challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Benito County voters approved a fracking ban, but it’s likely to face challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first major test of how California voters would react to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a> on the ballot, two counties in California approved fracking bans on Tuesday. Opponents of fracking are hoping the movement will spread to other counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a measure to bar the controversial oil production technique in Santa Barbara County — where the oil industry is well-established — fell short. And in San Benito and Mendocino Counties, where the bans passed, they are likely to face court challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was incredibly exciting,” says organizer Andy Hsia-Coron, who rallied support for the San Benito fracking ban by raising environmental concerns, like possible risks to groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it sets a model for how you do these initiatives,” he says. “We’ve already been contacted by other counties making inquiries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bans are pre-emptive. Currently, fracking doesn’t occur in San Benito or Mendocino Counties. But both measures also ban a more common oil extraction technique where steam is injected underground to induce oil flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While San Benito County’s oil industry is small, the change could be significant for the producers who work there, some of whom regard the law as a confiscation of property rights, also known as a “taking” in legal parlance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a regulatory taking because it’s the regulation which is depriving property owners of the ability to extract value from their minerals or property,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that’s developing an oil project in San Benito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s the duty of the county at this point to either allow people to continue to extract value from their property and not enforce the initiative or to compensate them accordingly with the fair market value of what they’ve been deprived of,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Nahabedian\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/10/10/anti-fracking-activists-in-california-take-fight-to-county-ballots/\"> described the use of steam injection\u003c/a> in a KQED report:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The oil industry went all-out to head off a ban in Santa Barbara County, where oil production is a larger part of the local economy. The “No on P” campaign raised more than $7 million to defeat it, largely from the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battles over fracking on the local level are far from over. Butte County is set to vote on a fracking ban in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Source: \u003ca title=\"Should Fracking Be Banned?\" href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/2014/10/28/should-fracking-be-banned/\" target=\"_blank\">DoNow Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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