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"content": "\u003cp>California Gov. Jerry Brown is vowing to lead the nation on climate change, as the Trump administration pulls back. But the Trump administration could get in California’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511468478/california-gov-jerry-brown-highlights-opposition-to-trump-in-address\">State of the State\u003c/a> speech, California Gov. Jerry Brown had one key message about climate change: perseverance.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">California has rules limiting carbon pollution from cars, but it can’t have those rules without permission from the federal EPA.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We cannot fall back and give in to the climate deniers,” Brown said. “The science is clear. The danger is real.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just as President Trump took the oath of office on Friday, California acted, releasing its latest plan for tackling climate change. This includes renewable energy and putting millions of electric cars on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a challenge Brown first made in December, when climate scientists from around the world met up in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/13/505309445/trumps-election-leaves-scientists-in-a-climate-of-uncertainty\">San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mood at the conference had been dismal. Scientists were worried about losing federal funding for research and even the NASA satellites that collect basic climate data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown declared that should Trump turn off the satellites, California would launch its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that wasn’t the only warning Brown had for the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511480146/511554888\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has spearheaded his own international climate agreement with more than 160 cities and states. California, he said, is the 6th largest economy in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got the scientists,” he said. “We got the lawyers, and we’re ready to fight. We’re ready to defend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And playing defense may well be in California’s future. The state has rules limiting carbon pollution from cars, but it can’t have those rules without permission from the federal Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That came up at the nomination hearing last week for \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510502789/nominee-to-lead-epa-testifies-hell-enforce-environmental-laws\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a>, who could run the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris asked Pruitt if he could uphold the state’s special permission — its waiver — for tougher car rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Senator as you know, administrators in the past have not granted the waiver and in fact have granted the waiver,” Pruitt said. “That’s a review process …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would not know his intention without going through the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not a new fight for California. In 2007, the Bush administration denied the state’s request to have tougher pollution rules for cars, saying it would create a patchwork of regulations. California took the federal government to court, but before the case was decided, Obama was elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California got its waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Wara, a professor at Stanford Law School, said this isn’t just about California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first legal disputes are going to be about cars,” he said. “And I’d be surprised actually if we didn’t see those disputes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirteen other states have adopted the same clean car standards. But the bigger question, Wara said, is a political one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How a Pruitt EPA responds to some of these issues with California is really going to test Scott Pruitt’s and the administration’s commitment to conservative values,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt sued the EPA as the attorney general of Oklahoma. He argued his state had the right to set its own environmental rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that logic would seem to imply that California should have the right to set its own agenda,” Wara said. “But we’ll see how that trades off against the desire to roll back regulations related to greenhouse gases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is something California will be watching closely, with lawyers at the ready. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Gov. Jerry Brown is vowing to lead the nation on climate change, as the Trump administration pulls back. But the Trump administration could get in California’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his annual \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511468478/california-gov-jerry-brown-highlights-opposition-to-trump-in-address\">State of the State\u003c/a> speech, California Gov. Jerry Brown had one key message about climate change: perseverance.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">California has rules limiting carbon pollution from cars, but it can’t have those rules without permission from the federal EPA.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We cannot fall back and give in to the climate deniers,” Brown said. “The science is clear. The danger is real.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just as President Trump took the oath of office on Friday, California acted, releasing its latest plan for tackling climate change. This includes renewable energy and putting millions of electric cars on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a challenge Brown first made in December, when climate scientists from around the world met up in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/13/505309445/trumps-election-leaves-scientists-in-a-climate-of-uncertainty\">San Francisco\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mood at the conference had been dismal. Scientists were worried about losing federal funding for research and even the NASA satellites that collect basic climate data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown declared that should Trump turn off the satellites, California would launch its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that wasn’t the only warning Brown had for the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511480146/511554888\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has spearheaded his own international climate agreement with more than 160 cities and states. California, he said, is the 6th largest economy in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got the scientists,” he said. “We got the lawyers, and we’re ready to fight. We’re ready to defend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And playing defense may well be in California’s future. The state has rules limiting carbon pollution from cars, but it can’t have those rules without permission from the federal Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That came up at the nomination hearing last week for \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510502789/nominee-to-lead-epa-testifies-hell-enforce-environmental-laws\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a>, who could run the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris asked Pruitt if he could uphold the state’s special permission — its waiver — for tougher car rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Senator as you know, administrators in the past have not granted the waiver and in fact have granted the waiver,” Pruitt said. “That’s a review process …”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would not know his intention without going through the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not a new fight for California. In 2007, the Bush administration denied the state’s request to have tougher pollution rules for cars, saying it would create a patchwork of regulations. California took the federal government to court, but before the case was decided, Obama was elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California got its waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Wara, a professor at Stanford Law School, said this isn’t just about California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first legal disputes are going to be about cars,” he said. “And I’d be surprised actually if we didn’t see those disputes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirteen other states have adopted the same clean car standards. But the bigger question, Wara said, is a political one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How a Pruitt EPA responds to some of these issues with California is really going to test Scott Pruitt’s and the administration’s commitment to conservative values,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt sued the EPA as the attorney general of Oklahoma. He argued his state had the right to set its own environmental rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that logic would seem to imply that California should have the right to set its own agenda,” Wara said. “But we’ll see how that trades off against the desire to roll back regulations related to greenhouse gases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is something California will be watching closely, with lawyers at the ready. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "EPA Scientists' Work May Face 'Case by Case' Review by Trump Team, Official Says",
"headTitle": "EPA Scientists’ Work May Face ‘Case by Case’ Review by Trump Team, Official Says | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Scientists at the Environmental Protection Agency who want to publish or present their scientific findings likely will need to have their work reviewed on a “case by case basis” before it can be disseminated, according to a spokesman for the agency’s transition team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview Tuesday evening with NPR, \u003ca href=\"http://dougericksen.src.wastateleg.org/\">Doug Ericksen\u003c/a>, the head of communications for the Trump administration’s EPA transition team, said that during the transition period, he expects scientists will undergo an unspecified internal vetting process before sharing their work outside the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll take a look at what’s happening so that the voice coming from the EPA is one that’s going to reflect the new administration,” Ericksen told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Doug Ericksen’s comments come just days after Trump’s team ordered agencies to limit their external communications to the public.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ericksen did not say whether such a review process would become a permanent feature of Trump’s EPA. “We’re on Day 2 here. … You’ve got to give us a few days to get our feet underneath us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any review would directly contradict the agency’s current \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-02/documents/scientific_integrity_policy_2012.pdf\">scientific integrity policy\u003c/a>, which was published in 2012. It prohibits “all EPA employees, including scientists, managers and other Agency leadership from suppressing, altering, or otherwise impeding the timely release of scientific findings or conclusions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also would likely have a chilling effect on the agency’s ability to conduct research on the environmental issues it is charged with regulating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen’s comments come just days after Trump’s team ordered agencies to limit their external communications to the public. Employees at the EPA, the Department of Agriculture and the Interior Department, among others, have been instructed not to post on social media accounts. At the EPA, the staff was told not to speak to the news media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen said it’s not abnormal for administrations to limit outward communication during their transition while they work toward getting different branches on point. Trump’s nominee for EPA administrator, Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt, is still awaiting confirmation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also not abnormal for administrations to restrict access to government scientists. In 2013, a statement by the Society of Environmental Journalists called the EPA under former-President Obama “\u003ca href=\"http://www.sej.org/new-epa-head-must-ensure-transparency-reversing-block-reporters-access\">one of the most closed, opaque agencies to the press\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly the case that every administration tries to control information, but I think that what we’re seeing here is much more sweeping than has ever been done before,” said Andrew Light, the distinguished senior fellow in the Global Climate Program at the nonpartisan World Resources Institute. “And in particular, it’s noteworthy that it seems to be aimed at a cluster of science-driven agencies that primarily work on the environment and climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While previous administrations have restricted government scientists’ communications to the public, controlling their scientific conclusions is far more rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most notable case came in 2003, when the administration of President George W. Bush tried to alter the climate change section of a major EPA report on the environment. According to the Union of Concerned Scientists, which tracks such issues, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/our-work/center-science-and-democracy/promoting-scientific-integrity/climate-change.html#.WIiwbFMrLct\">changes included\u003c/a> the deletion of a 1,000 year temperature record and insertion of a study funded by the American Petroleum Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many federal agencies employ scientists to help conduct research. Those findings are crucial in ensuring that regulations and government policy are based on the best information available. Data collected by federal scientists is also used by state and local governments as well as private industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s policy, like those of other technical agencies within the government, is designed to encourage its scientists to participate in the scientific process. To that end, the agency’s official policy is to “encourage publication and presentation of research findings in peer-reviewed, professional, or scholarly journals and at professional meetings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/news/press-release/EPA-USDA-scientific-integrity#.WIhXV1MrJjU\">growing concern\u003c/a> in the scientific community and among environmental organizations that the new administration might take aim at climate change research in particular. Trump has previously called climate change a hoax created by China to hurt the U.S. economy, though he later said he had an “open mind” on the issue. In the weeks before his inauguration, groups of scientists \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505592206/scientists-race-to-preserve-climate-change-data-before-trump-takes-office\">rushed to copy and preserve\u003c/a> federal public climate data out of fear that it would be purged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen said that under Trump, the EPA will focus on its “core mission, which is to protect the environment and protect human health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if climate change fit into that, he repeated that they’ll focus on the core mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressed further about whether specific research on issues such as climate change could be withheld, Ericksen told NPR that “it’s premature to comment on a hypothetical before we’ve even had the time to look at what’s currently happening in the [agency].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Scientists%27+Work+May+Face+%27Case+By+Case%27+Review+By+Trump+Team%2C+Official+Says&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Scientists at the Environmental Protection Agency who want to publish or present their scientific findings likely will need to have their work reviewed on a “case by case basis” before it can be disseminated, according to a spokesman for the agency’s transition team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview Tuesday evening with NPR, \u003ca href=\"http://dougericksen.src.wastateleg.org/\">Doug Ericksen\u003c/a>, the head of communications for the Trump administration’s EPA transition team, said that during the transition period, he expects scientists will undergo an unspecified internal vetting process before sharing their work outside the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll take a look at what’s happening so that the voice coming from the EPA is one that’s going to reflect the new administration,” Ericksen told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Doug Ericksen’s comments come just days after Trump’s team ordered agencies to limit their external communications to the public.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ericksen did not say whether such a review process would become a permanent feature of Trump’s EPA. “We’re on Day 2 here. … You’ve got to give us a few days to get our feet underneath us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any review would directly contradict the agency’s current \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-02/documents/scientific_integrity_policy_2012.pdf\">scientific integrity policy\u003c/a>, which was published in 2012. It prohibits “all EPA employees, including scientists, managers and other Agency leadership from suppressing, altering, or otherwise impeding the timely release of scientific findings or conclusions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also would likely have a chilling effect on the agency’s ability to conduct research on the environmental issues it is charged with regulating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen’s comments come just days after Trump’s team ordered agencies to limit their external communications to the public. Employees at the EPA, the Department of Agriculture and the Interior Department, among others, have been instructed not to post on social media accounts. At the EPA, the staff was told not to speak to the news media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen said it’s not abnormal for administrations to limit outward communication during their transition while they work toward getting different branches on point. Trump’s nominee for EPA administrator, Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt, is still awaiting confirmation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also not abnormal for administrations to restrict access to government scientists. In 2013, a statement by the Society of Environmental Journalists called the EPA under former-President Obama “\u003ca href=\"http://www.sej.org/new-epa-head-must-ensure-transparency-reversing-block-reporters-access\">one of the most closed, opaque agencies to the press\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly the case that every administration tries to control information, but I think that what we’re seeing here is much more sweeping than has ever been done before,” said Andrew Light, the distinguished senior fellow in the Global Climate Program at the nonpartisan World Resources Institute. “And in particular, it’s noteworthy that it seems to be aimed at a cluster of science-driven agencies that primarily work on the environment and climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While previous administrations have restricted government scientists’ communications to the public, controlling their scientific conclusions is far more rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most notable case came in 2003, when the administration of President George W. Bush tried to alter the climate change section of a major EPA report on the environment. According to the Union of Concerned Scientists, which tracks such issues, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/our-work/center-science-and-democracy/promoting-scientific-integrity/climate-change.html#.WIiwbFMrLct\">changes included\u003c/a> the deletion of a 1,000 year temperature record and insertion of a study funded by the American Petroleum Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many federal agencies employ scientists to help conduct research. Those findings are crucial in ensuring that regulations and government policy are based on the best information available. Data collected by federal scientists is also used by state and local governments as well as private industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s policy, like those of other technical agencies within the government, is designed to encourage its scientists to participate in the scientific process. To that end, the agency’s official policy is to “encourage publication and presentation of research findings in peer-reviewed, professional, or scholarly journals and at professional meetings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/news/press-release/EPA-USDA-scientific-integrity#.WIhXV1MrJjU\">growing concern\u003c/a> in the scientific community and among environmental organizations that the new administration might take aim at climate change research in particular. Trump has previously called climate change a hoax created by China to hurt the U.S. economy, though he later said he had an “open mind” on the issue. In the weeks before his inauguration, groups of scientists \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505592206/scientists-race-to-preserve-climate-change-data-before-trump-takes-office\">rushed to copy and preserve\u003c/a> federal public climate data out of fear that it would be purged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ericksen said that under Trump, the EPA will focus on its “core mission, which is to protect the environment and protect human health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if climate change fit into that, he repeated that they’ll focus on the core mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressed further about whether specific research on issues such as climate change could be withheld, Ericksen told NPR that “it’s premature to comment on a hypothetical before we’ve even had the time to look at what’s currently happening in the [agency].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Scientists%27+Work+May+Face+%27Case+By+Case%27+Review+By+Trump+Team%2C+Official+Says&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Seven years ago, Sunnyvale resident Mark Chung took a three-week vacation. When he came home, his electricity bill looked more than a little off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally my energy bill is about $100 to $130,” says Chung. “This one was like $560.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he called PG&E and told them: ‘There’s something wrong with my meter.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”mFMkHBlApPg1CkZuc6y25ZSWTCmuQ6nF”]“And they’re like, ‘Oh, no, we’ve had these smart meters rolled out for a few years now. Everything is fine.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His response: “Well, can you tell where I spent the electricity?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility’s response: “On your house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not the most helpful answer, Chung says, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chung was trained as an electrical engineer at \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stanford University\u003c/a>, so he did what any engineer might: He went to Home Depot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I bought these kilowatt meters that they had on the shelves, they’re like $10,” says Chung. “We hacked them to be Wi-Fi enabled, then I plugged them throughout my house. And I couldn’t find anything that was an anomaly. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Chung took the project to the next level and built an electrical map to monitor every appliance, every piece of machinery, every light in his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he found the problem: a broken pool pump that was spinning inefficiently, using too much energy. Problem solved. And business idea hatched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I spent a lot of time thinking about wanting to do something,” says Chung. “I always thought technology was cool, I can build greater, cooler things. But I want to use it in a way that can help people, help humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">For manufacturers like Jabil, that has 100+ factories, Verdigris’ sensors could save the company millions of dollars.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Chung reasoned, if he could map his house, why couldn’t he scale things up and map a factory or a hotel that uses A LOT of energy. So, Chung left his day job and launched a company he named \u003ca href=\"http://verdigris.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Verdigris\u003c/a>. NASA was one of his early backers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In case you’re wondering, Chung named his company after a color. Verdigris is\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the bluish-green patina that forms on copper that’s left outside. Think: old French buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Copper is the elemental infrastructure of every single building in the world,” says Chung, “what all of our electricity runs on. And what we have as a company mission is this desire to expose that to the world and make it green.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To head off the worst impacts of climate change, which requires holding the global temperature rise to less than 2 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf\">scientists warn that we need to cut global carbon emissions\u003c/a> by 40 to 70 percent by mid-century. There are two basic ways to get there: replace fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. And/or, we can use a lot less energy. Verdigris focuses on that second solution by making buildings smarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Saving Millions of Dollars in Energy Costs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chung found factories around the world willing to invest in the technology. In Scotland, about 15 miles west of Edinburgh in the city of Livingston, the company \u003ca href=\"http://www.jabil.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jabil\u003c/a> is using the Verdigris system in \u003ca href=\"http://www.jabil.com/globalassets/documents/livingston-fact-sheet-2014.pdf\">its 125,000-square-foot factory\u003c/a>. Jabil is a worldwide company that builds electronics parts, the stuff that goes inside your brand-name radios, TVs, and computers. (Jabil is also an investor in Verdigris.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The factory’s facilities supervisor, Robbie Graham, opens an electrical panel box with dozens of wires. Each wire has a small clamp around it that can measure the flow of current around 8,000 times a second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1338486\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1338486\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sensors can measure the electrical output of machinery at the Jabil factory in Scotland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sensors can measure the electrical output of machinery at the Jabil factory in Scotland. \u003ccite>(Aaron Lubarsky)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Graham knows exactly which wire goes to which piece of machinery. “These wires go to my air handling units on the roof,” he says, pointing at one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up on the roof, Neil O’Loughlin, Jabil’s facilities lead in Scotland, picks up the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look,” he says, “you’re getting to see the sun. We couldn’t have gotten it any better, to be fair.” (Seeing the sun is a big deal during the Scottish winter.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, the roof is littered with massive fans that circulate air through the building. The clamps around the wires downstairs collect information about these fans—how much electricity each of these units use—then sends that data to the cloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Verdigris was installed, O’Loughlin says, they would have had no idea whether one of the fans was pulling down too much electricity, much less which one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, you’re able to actually see which one is maybe being driven harder than the rest, and why,” he says. “So we start to ask questions. Verdigris is never going to hand you the answer. It’s part of a detective story, to some degree, where you got to go and take the clues that it gives you, and you have to go and find out what that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system quickly identified an industrial-sized air conditioner that was using too much power. They fixed it and saved a lot of wasted energy. In another case, O’Loughlin says Verdigris showed big spikes in energy use in the middle of the night. He figured out that security guards were flipping on all the lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s 300-odd lights that needed to be switched on just to do a walk around,” says O’Loughlin. “Whereas with smart lighting controls, we can say, well actually we’re only going to bring them up 50 percent so they’re going to use half the energy. And we only need to bring on certain lights, only bring on 30 percent of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put another way: Lots of little changes add up to big savings. Quickly. With Verdigris installed, the factory was able to cut its monthly electricity bill by 20 percent, saving the company thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verdigris can also use artificial intelligence to automatically phase out inefficient appliances, dial them down when nobody is in the building, or even predict when one is about to go kaput.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal at Jabil’s Scottish factory: eventually cut energy use by 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s Stopping Companies From Monitoring Energy Use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a growing number of companies like Verdigris offering products that monitor how buildings use energy. So, here’s a question: Why isn’t every hotel, factory and hotel using this technology—like, yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s organizational, psychological and political,” says John Sterman with MIT’s \u003ca href=\"http://mitsloan.mit.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sloan School of Management\u003c/a>. “It’s not economics and it’s not technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterman stresses that investing in energy-efficient buildings is the cheapest, fastest way to cut our energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. But many businesses are reluctant to spend the money to fix what isn’t yet broken. Systems, like Verdigris, can identify problems like wasteful air conditioners, but then building owners have to pay big bucks to replace the appliances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it comes to new technologies, Sterman says, many business administrators ask this question: Who else is doing this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course, at the beginning, not very many,” he says. “So people are not willing to experiment, or, as they see it, take a lot of risk until they are sure there are lots of other folks who have done it. And that creates a barrier, a tipping point you have to get over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopping back to Silicon Valley, I ask Mark Chung: Let’s say I own a 20,000 square-foot factory. Convince me to pay you a monthly fee to monitor my energy use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“20,000-square-foot factory, OK, I’m just doing a back of the envelope calculation,” Chung says. “It’s probably going to be roughly a few hundred bucks a month, but you’ll probably save easily 10 times that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s repeat that, spend a few hundred bucks a month to save a few thousand. For a hospital, those savings could translate into hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. For a company like Jabil, with more than 100 factories worldwide, savings could be in the tens of millions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now translate those cost savings into energy savings across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buildings consume about two-thirds of the world’s electricity,” says Chung, “and half of that is wasted. And that is probably about 15 to 20 percent of greenhouse carbon emissions today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verdigris is still a new enterprise, approaching its first 100 clients. Chung says when the business really takes off, he wants to give away his technology to homeowners for free.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Sunnyvale resident Mark Chung came home from vacation to a huge energy bill. Figuring out what happened gave him an idea for combating climate change.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Seven years ago, Sunnyvale resident Mark Chung took a three-week vacation. When he came home, his electricity bill looked more than a little off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally my energy bill is about $100 to $130,” says Chung. “This one was like $560.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he called PG&E and told them: ‘There’s something wrong with my meter.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“And they’re like, ‘Oh, no, we’ve had these smart meters rolled out for a few years now. Everything is fine.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His response: “Well, can you tell where I spent the electricity?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility’s response: “On your house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not the most helpful answer, Chung says, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chung was trained as an electrical engineer at \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stanford University\u003c/a>, so he did what any engineer might: He went to Home Depot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I bought these kilowatt meters that they had on the shelves, they’re like $10,” says Chung. “We hacked them to be Wi-Fi enabled, then I plugged them throughout my house. And I couldn’t find anything that was an anomaly. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Chung took the project to the next level and built an electrical map to monitor every appliance, every piece of machinery, every light in his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he found the problem: a broken pool pump that was spinning inefficiently, using too much energy. Problem solved. And business idea hatched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I spent a lot of time thinking about wanting to do something,” says Chung. “I always thought technology was cool, I can build greater, cooler things. But I want to use it in a way that can help people, help humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">For manufacturers like Jabil, that has 100+ factories, Verdigris’ sensors could save the company millions of dollars.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Chung reasoned, if he could map his house, why couldn’t he scale things up and map a factory or a hotel that uses A LOT of energy. So, Chung left his day job and launched a company he named \u003ca href=\"http://verdigris.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Verdigris\u003c/a>. NASA was one of his early backers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In case you’re wondering, Chung named his company after a color. Verdigris is\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the bluish-green patina that forms on copper that’s left outside. Think: old French buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Copper is the elemental infrastructure of every single building in the world,” says Chung, “what all of our electricity runs on. And what we have as a company mission is this desire to expose that to the world and make it green.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To head off the worst impacts of climate change, which requires holding the global temperature rise to less than 2 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf\">scientists warn that we need to cut global carbon emissions\u003c/a> by 40 to 70 percent by mid-century. There are two basic ways to get there: replace fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. And/or, we can use a lot less energy. Verdigris focuses on that second solution by making buildings smarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Saving Millions of Dollars in Energy Costs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chung found factories around the world willing to invest in the technology. In Scotland, about 15 miles west of Edinburgh in the city of Livingston, the company \u003ca href=\"http://www.jabil.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jabil\u003c/a> is using the Verdigris system in \u003ca href=\"http://www.jabil.com/globalassets/documents/livingston-fact-sheet-2014.pdf\">its 125,000-square-foot factory\u003c/a>. Jabil is a worldwide company that builds electronics parts, the stuff that goes inside your brand-name radios, TVs, and computers. (Jabil is also an investor in Verdigris.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The factory’s facilities supervisor, Robbie Graham, opens an electrical panel box with dozens of wires. Each wire has a small clamp around it that can measure the flow of current around 8,000 times a second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1338486\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1338486\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sensors can measure the electrical output of machinery at the Jabil factory in Scotland.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/FACTORY_TOUR_CLAMPS-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sensors can measure the electrical output of machinery at the Jabil factory in Scotland. \u003ccite>(Aaron Lubarsky)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Graham knows exactly which wire goes to which piece of machinery. “These wires go to my air handling units on the roof,” he says, pointing at one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up on the roof, Neil O’Loughlin, Jabil’s facilities lead in Scotland, picks up the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look,” he says, “you’re getting to see the sun. We couldn’t have gotten it any better, to be fair.” (Seeing the sun is a big deal during the Scottish winter.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, the roof is littered with massive fans that circulate air through the building. The clamps around the wires downstairs collect information about these fans—how much electricity each of these units use—then sends that data to the cloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Verdigris was installed, O’Loughlin says, they would have had no idea whether one of the fans was pulling down too much electricity, much less which one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, you’re able to actually see which one is maybe being driven harder than the rest, and why,” he says. “So we start to ask questions. Verdigris is never going to hand you the answer. It’s part of a detective story, to some degree, where you got to go and take the clues that it gives you, and you have to go and find out what that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system quickly identified an industrial-sized air conditioner that was using too much power. They fixed it and saved a lot of wasted energy. In another case, O’Loughlin says Verdigris showed big spikes in energy use in the middle of the night. He figured out that security guards were flipping on all the lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s 300-odd lights that needed to be switched on just to do a walk around,” says O’Loughlin. “Whereas with smart lighting controls, we can say, well actually we’re only going to bring them up 50 percent so they’re going to use half the energy. And we only need to bring on certain lights, only bring on 30 percent of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put another way: Lots of little changes add up to big savings. Quickly. With Verdigris installed, the factory was able to cut its monthly electricity bill by 20 percent, saving the company thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verdigris can also use artificial intelligence to automatically phase out inefficient appliances, dial them down when nobody is in the building, or even predict when one is about to go kaput.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal at Jabil’s Scottish factory: eventually cut energy use by 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s Stopping Companies From Monitoring Energy Use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a growing number of companies like Verdigris offering products that monitor how buildings use energy. So, here’s a question: Why isn’t every hotel, factory and hotel using this technology—like, yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s organizational, psychological and political,” says John Sterman with MIT’s \u003ca href=\"http://mitsloan.mit.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sloan School of Management\u003c/a>. “It’s not economics and it’s not technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterman stresses that investing in energy-efficient buildings is the cheapest, fastest way to cut our energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. But many businesses are reluctant to spend the money to fix what isn’t yet broken. Systems, like Verdigris, can identify problems like wasteful air conditioners, but then building owners have to pay big bucks to replace the appliances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it comes to new technologies, Sterman says, many business administrators ask this question: Who else is doing this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And of course, at the beginning, not very many,” he says. “So people are not willing to experiment, or, as they see it, take a lot of risk until they are sure there are lots of other folks who have done it. And that creates a barrier, a tipping point you have to get over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopping back to Silicon Valley, I ask Mark Chung: Let’s say I own a 20,000 square-foot factory. Convince me to pay you a monthly fee to monitor my energy use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“20,000-square-foot factory, OK, I’m just doing a back of the envelope calculation,” Chung says. “It’s probably going to be roughly a few hundred bucks a month, but you’ll probably save easily 10 times that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s repeat that, spend a few hundred bucks a month to save a few thousand. For a hospital, those savings could translate into hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. For a company like Jabil, with more than 100 factories worldwide, savings could be in the tens of millions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now translate those cost savings into energy savings across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buildings consume about two-thirds of the world’s electricity,” says Chung, “and half of that is wasted. And that is probably about 15 to 20 percent of greenhouse carbon emissions today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verdigris is still a new enterprise, approaching its first 100 clients. Chung says when the business really takes off, he wants to give away his technology to homeowners for free.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "White House Removes Climate Change Webpage After Trump's Inauguration",
"headTitle": "White House Removes Climate Change Webpage After Trump’s Inauguration | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Well, that didn’t take long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The morning of President Trump’s inauguration, several \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/\">webpages outlining official policy and priorities on the White House website \u003c/a>were removed or replaced with new text. Those pages include information about LGBT rights, civil rights, law enforcement and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for an incoming administration to change material on the whitehouse.gov site. But it’s also a window into the new president’s priorities and how he might frame various solutions to the nation’s problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a javascript program run by KQED, the climate change page on the White House website kicked the bucket at 11:52 a.m. EST.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1338617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1338617\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-800x608.jpg\" alt=\"Websites accessed at 12:40 p.m. PST, Jan. 20, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-768x584.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-240x182.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-375x285.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-520x395.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Websites accessed at 12:40 p.m. PST, Jan. 20, 2017.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Following the page’s removal, a new energy website appeared with the title “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/america-first-energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An America First Energy Plan\u003c/a>.” It outlines the administration’s goals to exploit oil and gas reserves and to revive the coal industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically — or not — the page change comes during the same week \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA\u003c/a> reported that global warming contributed to 2016 being \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/01/18/global-warming-drives-record-heat-for-third-straight-year/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the hottest year since modern record keeping began\u003c/a> in 1880. (The main contributor to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels.) Scientists have been fearful that the Trump administration would destroy climate change data, and have begun \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505592206/scientists-race-to-preserve-climate-change-data-before-trump-takes-office\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">archiving and saving historical climate records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Twitter many reacted to removal of the White House climate change site. The Wall Street Journal’s energy policy reporter, Amy Harder, for instance eulogized:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AmyAHarder/status/822495092367884290\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can find the old Obama administration\u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/\"> whitehouse.gov page here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump administration website accessed at 12:40 p.m.:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1338616\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-800x1106.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-01-20 at 12.42.15 PM\" width=\"800\" height=\"1106\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-800x1106.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-160x221.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-768x1062.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-240x332.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-375x518.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-520x719.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM.png 847w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obama administration website accessed at 12:40 p.m.:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1338615\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-800x1156.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-01-20 at 12.41.47 PM\" width=\"800\" height=\"1156\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-800x1156.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-240x347.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-375x542.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-520x751.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM.png 846w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Well, that didn’t take long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The morning of President Trump’s inauguration, several \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/\">webpages outlining official policy and priorities on the White House website \u003c/a>were removed or replaced with new text. Those pages include information about LGBT rights, civil rights, law enforcement and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for an incoming administration to change material on the whitehouse.gov site. But it’s also a window into the new president’s priorities and how he might frame various solutions to the nation’s problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a javascript program run by KQED, the climate change page on the White House website kicked the bucket at 11:52 a.m. EST.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1338617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1338617\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-800x608.jpg\" alt=\"Websites accessed at 12:40 p.m. PST, Jan. 20, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-768x584.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-240x182.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-375x285.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/whitehousechange-520x395.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Websites accessed at 12:40 p.m. PST, Jan. 20, 2017.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Following the page’s removal, a new energy website appeared with the title “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/america-first-energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An America First Energy Plan\u003c/a>.” It outlines the administration’s goals to exploit oil and gas reserves and to revive the coal industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically — or not — the page change comes during the same week \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA\u003c/a> reported that global warming contributed to 2016 being \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/01/18/global-warming-drives-record-heat-for-third-straight-year/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the hottest year since modern record keeping began\u003c/a> in 1880. (The main contributor to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels.) Scientists have been fearful that the Trump administration would destroy climate change data, and have begun \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505592206/scientists-race-to-preserve-climate-change-data-before-trump-takes-office\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">archiving and saving historical climate records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Twitter many reacted to removal of the White House climate change site. The Wall Street Journal’s energy policy reporter, Amy Harder, for instance eulogized:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>You can find the old Obama administration\u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/\"> whitehouse.gov page here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump administration website accessed at 12:40 p.m.:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1338616\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-800x1106.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-01-20 at 12.42.15 PM\" width=\"800\" height=\"1106\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-800x1106.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-160x221.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-768x1062.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-240x332.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-375x518.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM-520x719.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.42.15-PM.png 847w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obama administration website accessed at 12:40 p.m.:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1338615\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-800x1156.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-01-20 at 12.41.47 PM\" width=\"800\" height=\"1156\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-800x1156.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-240x347.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-375x542.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM-520x751.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-20-at-12.41.47-PM.png 846w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Drought Retreats During Winter Rain Storms",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s drought continues to wane just as the Bay Area is about to receive five straight days of rain, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/FXC/wxstory.php?wfo=mtr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Weather Service\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>’s weekly analysis, released on Thursday shows only 2 percent of the state remains in the most extreme category “exceptional drought,” down 43 percent from a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent heavy rains have resulted in significant improvements for much of California, most of it in the Northern half of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means it’s still a tale of two droughts. Everything north of Sacramento is drought-free, while the most severely impacted area of the state is in Merced County and further south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1335394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1335394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Walkways along Pier 14 at the San Francisco Embarcadero begin to flood during the high point of a king tide on January 11, 2017.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walkways along Pier 14 at the San Francisco Embarcadero begin to flood during the high point of a king tide on January 11, 2017. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even with all the storms, California still has significant water challenges, including badly overdrawn groundwater in the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California, a rainfall deficit from the past five dry years and reservoirs in some parts of the state, particularly Santa Barbara, that have not yet recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the state’s two largest reservoirs—Oroville and Shasta in Northern California—are \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">79 percent and 80 percent\u003c/a> above their average levels for mid-January. In fact, they’re so full that they’re both \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/02/29/california-reservoirs-are-dumping-water-in-a-drought-but-science-could-change-that/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dumping water\u003c/a> to create room in case it floods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time last year, Shasta was only 33 percent full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week, the U.S. Drought Monitor could show even more impressive results after the upcoming weekend rain is factored in.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s drought continues to wane just as the Bay Area is about to receive five straight days of rain, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/FXC/wxstory.php?wfo=mtr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Weather Service\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>’s weekly analysis, released on Thursday shows only 2 percent of the state remains in the most extreme category “exceptional drought,” down 43 percent from a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent heavy rains have resulted in significant improvements for much of California, most of it in the Northern half of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means it’s still a tale of two droughts. Everything north of Sacramento is drought-free, while the most severely impacted area of the state is in Merced County and further south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1335394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1335394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Walkways along Pier 14 at the San Francisco Embarcadero begin to flood during the high point of a king tide on January 11, 2017.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/RS23562_170111_KingTide_bhs14-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walkways along Pier 14 at the San Francisco Embarcadero begin to flood during the high point of a king tide on January 11, 2017. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even with all the storms, California still has significant water challenges, including badly overdrawn groundwater in the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California, a rainfall deficit from the past five dry years and reservoirs in some parts of the state, particularly Santa Barbara, that have not yet recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the state’s two largest reservoirs—Oroville and Shasta in Northern California—are \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">79 percent and 80 percent\u003c/a> above their average levels for mid-January. In fact, they’re so full that they’re both \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/02/29/california-reservoirs-are-dumping-water-in-a-drought-but-science-could-change-that/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dumping water\u003c/a> to create room in case it floods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time last year, Shasta was only 33 percent full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week, the U.S. Drought Monitor could show even more impressive results after the upcoming weekend rain is factored in.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Global Warming Drives Record Heat For Third Straight Year",
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"content": "\u003cp>For three years in a row now, our Earth has experienced record high temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a> announced that globally, 2016 was the hottest year since modern record keeping began in 1880. It follows 2015 and 2014, which were the previous highs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The top five hottest years have all been in the 21st century.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The 2016 average global temperature was 58.69 degrees—0.07 degrees above the 2015 global average. And the difference is even bigger when compared to the last century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During 2016, the average global temperature was \u003ca id=\"anch_36\" title=\"bar chart of the global temperature time series from 1880 through 2016\" href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/service/global/global-land-ocean-mntp-anom/201601-201612.png\">1.69°F above \u003c/a>the 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several places also reported historic high temperatures. New Zealand, India and the Arctic all experienced record warm years in 2016. For the U.S., 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/news/2016-was-2nd-warmest-year-on-record-for-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">second warmest year\u003c/a> on record. In California, 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/time-series/us/4/0/tavg/ytd/12/1900-2016?base_prd=true&firstbaseyear=1901&lastbaseyear=2000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">third warmest on record\u003c/a> at 2.8°F above the mean of 57.4°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say no land areas were cooler than average during 2016. And the top five hottest years—2016, 2015, 2014, 2010 and 2005—all happened in the current century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the warming is due to greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that trap heat in the atmosphere. Only about 10 percent, during 2016, was attributable to El Niño, according to the scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worldwide, many nations have set a goal of keeping temperatures from rising 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, to stave off the worst effects of climate change including floods, droughts, storms, and heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How quickly we get to 1.5, that’s really a question of how much carbon we keep emitting,” says Gavin Schmidt, director of NASA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.giss.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Goddard Institute for Space Studies\u003c/a>. “We’re closer than we’d like to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now we’re only .4 degrees away, \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/nasa-noaa-data-show-2016-warmest-year-record-globally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to NASA\u003c/a>. The Earth’s average global temperature has risen about 1.1 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for 2017—it’ll be another warm one. Schmidt says because of La Niña it’ll likely be cooler than 2016. But he predicts 2017 will still make the top five in terms of record-breaking global temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For three years in a row now, our Earth has experienced record high temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a> announced that globally, 2016 was the hottest year since modern record keeping began in 1880. It follows 2015 and 2014, which were the previous highs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The top five hottest years have all been in the 21st century.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The 2016 average global temperature was 58.69 degrees—0.07 degrees above the 2015 global average. And the difference is even bigger when compared to the last century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During 2016, the average global temperature was \u003ca id=\"anch_36\" title=\"bar chart of the global temperature time series from 1880 through 2016\" href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/service/global/global-land-ocean-mntp-anom/201601-201612.png\">1.69°F above \u003c/a>the 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several places also reported historic high temperatures. New Zealand, India and the Arctic all experienced record warm years in 2016. For the U.S., 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/news/2016-was-2nd-warmest-year-on-record-for-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">second warmest year\u003c/a> on record. In California, 2016 was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/time-series/us/4/0/tavg/ytd/12/1900-2016?base_prd=true&firstbaseyear=1901&lastbaseyear=2000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">third warmest on record\u003c/a> at 2.8°F above the mean of 57.4°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say no land areas were cooler than average during 2016. And the top five hottest years—2016, 2015, 2014, 2010 and 2005—all happened in the current century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the warming is due to greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that trap heat in the atmosphere. Only about 10 percent, during 2016, was attributable to El Niño, according to the scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worldwide, many nations have set a goal of keeping temperatures from rising 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, to stave off the worst effects of climate change including floods, droughts, storms, and heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How quickly we get to 1.5, that’s really a question of how much carbon we keep emitting,” says Gavin Schmidt, director of NASA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.giss.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Goddard Institute for Space Studies\u003c/a>. “We’re closer than we’d like to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now we’re only .4 degrees away, \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/nasa-noaa-data-show-2016-warmest-year-record-globally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to NASA\u003c/a>. The Earth’s average global temperature has risen about 1.1 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for 2017—it’ll be another warm one. Schmidt says because of La Niña it’ll likely be cooler than 2016. But he predicts 2017 will still make the top five in terms of record-breaking global temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To paraphrase an old expression, this might not be the end of the drought, but you can see it from here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">U.S. Drought Monitor’s weekly analysis\u003c/a>, released on Thursday, shows 58 percent of California in at least moderate drought, compared to 97 percent one year ago. Only 2 percent of the state remains in the most extreme category, “exceptional drought,” down from nearly 43 percent a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week some of California’s most respected voices in climate science and water supply started edging toward calling an end to the most punishing drought in memory, now in its sixth year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This series of storms — and when you look out it looks like we’re going to get even more wet — is a surface storage drought buster,” says Jeff Mount, co-founder of the Center for Watershed Sciences at UC Davis, now a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a mid-week \u003ca href=\"https://californiawaterblog.com/2017/01/10/tails-of-californias-drought/\">post from the Center\u003c/a>, Mount’s former colleague, Jay Lund, largely agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In terms of surface water, most of California is no longer in drought,” wrote Lund. “Unless the remainder of the year is incredibly dry and warm, 2017 will not be a drought for surface water, with perhaps a few local exceptions.” (Lund held out Santa Barbara as one of those exceptions, a city that still “faces major urban drought.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s two largest reservoirs — Shasta and Oroville — are 26 percent and 17 percent above their average levels for mid-January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a month ago, hydrologists were fretting over a “snow drought” in the Sierra Nevada. But after a series of blizzards fed by atmospheric rivers off the Pacific, the statewide snowpack now stands at 58 percent above “normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note that both Mount and Lunds qualify their declarations by talking about “surface” water, which is to say the rapidly rising — in some cases overflowing — levels in most of the state’s reservoirs, even in long-parched Southern California. Those surface reservoirs (the ones you can actually see the water in) typically supply about two-thirds of the water that Californians use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1317439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1317439 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219.jpg\" alt=\"Flooded vineyards along Hwy 29 in the Napa Valley. Standing water like this will slowly sink in, helping to recharge groundwater aquifers.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flooded vineyards along Hwy 29 on January 8 in the Napa Valley. Standing water like this will slowly sink in, helping to recharge groundwater aquifers — but it’s a slow process. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In drought years, however, farms and many cities turn to pumping groundwater for relief, and there’s the rub. Mount says water consumers have been drawing down the state’s strained aquifers by about 2 million acre-feet per year, “come wet, come dry.” (That’s nearly a quarter of total urban water use in California). In recent years, the lack of surface water supplies have only accelerated that pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing historically that can compare to this,” says Mount, “and it will take many years — many, many years of wet or at least above-average precipitation to fill that gap and fill that hole in the ground that we left when we pumped so hard on our aquifers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount’s full analysis is laid out in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/blog_detail.asp?i=2199&utm_source=The+PPIC+Blog&utm_campaign=cf4ff17e2b-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_Water&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_1d97666088-cf4ff17e2b-218172481\">post for the PPIC blog\u003c/a> that published on Tuesday, as Northern California was getting hammered by rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To paraphrase an old expression, this might not be the end of the drought, but you can see it from here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Home/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">U.S. Drought Monitor’s weekly analysis\u003c/a>, released on Thursday, shows 58 percent of California in at least moderate drought, compared to 97 percent one year ago. Only 2 percent of the state remains in the most extreme category, “exceptional drought,” down from nearly 43 percent a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week some of California’s most respected voices in climate science and water supply started edging toward calling an end to the most punishing drought in memory, now in its sixth year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This series of storms — and when you look out it looks like we’re going to get even more wet — is a surface storage drought buster,” says Jeff Mount, co-founder of the Center for Watershed Sciences at UC Davis, now a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a mid-week \u003ca href=\"https://californiawaterblog.com/2017/01/10/tails-of-californias-drought/\">post from the Center\u003c/a>, Mount’s former colleague, Jay Lund, largely agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In terms of surface water, most of California is no longer in drought,” wrote Lund. “Unless the remainder of the year is incredibly dry and warm, 2017 will not be a drought for surface water, with perhaps a few local exceptions.” (Lund held out Santa Barbara as one of those exceptions, a city that still “faces major urban drought.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s two largest reservoirs — Shasta and Oroville — are 26 percent and 17 percent above their average levels for mid-January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a month ago, hydrologists were fretting over a “snow drought” in the Sierra Nevada. But after a series of blizzards fed by atmospheric rivers off the Pacific, the statewide snowpack now stands at 58 percent above “normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note that both Mount and Lunds qualify their declarations by talking about “surface” water, which is to say the rapidly rising — in some cases overflowing — levels in most of the state’s reservoirs, even in long-parched Southern California. Those surface reservoirs (the ones you can actually see the water in) typically supply about two-thirds of the water that Californians use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1317439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1317439 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219.jpg\" alt=\"Flooded vineyards along Hwy 29 in the Napa Valley. Standing water like this will slowly sink in, helping to recharge groundwater aquifers.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/P1080219-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flooded vineyards along Hwy 29 on January 8 in the Napa Valley. Standing water like this will slowly sink in, helping to recharge groundwater aquifers — but it’s a slow process. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In drought years, however, farms and many cities turn to pumping groundwater for relief, and there’s the rub. Mount says water consumers have been drawing down the state’s strained aquifers by about 2 million acre-feet per year, “come wet, come dry.” (That’s nearly a quarter of total urban water use in California). In recent years, the lack of surface water supplies have only accelerated that pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing historically that can compare to this,” says Mount, “and it will take many years — many, many years of wet or at least above-average precipitation to fill that gap and fill that hole in the ground that we left when we pumped so hard on our aquifers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount’s full analysis is laid out in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/blog_detail.asp?i=2199&utm_source=The+PPIC+Blog&utm_campaign=cf4ff17e2b-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_Water&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_1d97666088-cf4ff17e2b-218172481\">post for the PPIC blog\u003c/a> that published on Tuesday, as Northern California was getting hammered by rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Trump, Congress Could Halt State Action on Climate",
"headTitle": "Trump, Congress Could Halt State Action on Climate | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The head of the city department that drafts many of San Francisco’s greenest rules and regulations uses one word to explain her greatest fear for the environment during Trump’s presidency: “preemption.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If some of the deepest concerns of climate-focused bureaucrats from San Francisco to Massachusetts and New York come true, the Trump administration will preemptively prevent them from acting to slow global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">California’s decision to hire Obama’s attorney general, Eric Holder Jr., showed it’s preparing to fight for state rights in court.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>With Trump and Republicans in Congress widely expected to unite to undermine federal environmental protections, progressive states and cities are making plans to fight global warming within their borders without being helped or required to do so by the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Preemption is probably the progressive cities’ worst nightmare,” said \u003ca href=\"http://sfmayor.org/article/mayor-lee-appoints-deborah-raphael-sf-environment-director\">Deborah Raphael\u003c/a>, director of San Francisco’s environment department, which has helped city lawmakers craft rules mandating everything from greener buildings to composting and recycling by residents. “It’s also the state of California’s worst nightmare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term “preemption” doesn’t describe a single legislative or regulatory tool. The word describes a concept, in which the federal government or a state imposes restrictions on the rules and programs that governments operating beneath it are allowed to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservative lawmakers in North Carolina used a preemption law last year to \u003ca href=\"http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/politics-government/article68401147.html\">outlaw transgender protections\u003c/a> in Charlotte. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/30/yes-this-is-real-michigan-just-banned-banning-plastic-bags/?utm_term=.e33f91ad9733\">Michigan, cities and counties\u003c/a> were barred from banning plastic bags. Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://www.denverpost.com/2016/05/02/colorado-supreme-court-rules-state-law-trumps-local-bans-on-fracking/\">prevents local governments\u003c/a> from banning fracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Republicans about to control both houses of Congress and the White House, environmental experts are warning of battles ahead over potential federal preemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There really is virtually no aspect of federal regulation of the natural environment or health that’s not at risk of preemption now,” said \u003ca href=\"http://grassrootschange.net/mark-pertschuk/\">Mark Pertschuk\u003c/a>, a lawyer and activist with the nonprofit Grassroots Change, which \u003ca href=\"http://grassrootschange.net/preemption-map/\">tracks state preemptions\u003c/a> of local rules affecting gun safety, paid sick days, factory farming and other issues. “Federal laws almost always trump state and local laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to predict when, how or whether the federal government will wield any tools of preemption to bar cities and states from enforcing their own environmental rules. Nonetheless, governments across the country are bracing for new restrictions. California’s decision to hire Obama’s attorney general, Eric Holder Jr., showed \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/04/us/california-eric-holder-donald-trump.html?_r=0\">it’s preparing to fight\u003c/a> for state rights in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything is speculative right now,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlc.org/find-city-solutions/city-solutions-and-applied-research/staff-specialties\">Cooper Martin\u003c/a>, a sustainability official at the National League of Cities, which represents cities in state capitols and on Capitol Hill. Based on Trump’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/trump-cabinet-climate-change-20920\">anti-environmental cabinet nominees\u003c/a> and his rhetoric on climate change, which he has falsely called a hoax, Martin said fears of federal preemption are “certainly well founded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just the nature of the political landscape that this hasn’t been an issue on climate, at least in the last eight years,” Martin said, referring to the length of Obama’s presidency. “It was certainly an issue prior to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clean car rules in California, which are unpopular with oil companies and auto manufacturers, offer what may be the clearest opportunity for federal preemption. Other rules that could be blocked relate to appliance efficiency standards, power plant pollution, fossil fuel exports and safe disposal of pharmaceuticals. Local governments that have spent federal transportation funds on cycling and transit initiatives could be prevented from doing so in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Programs that allow cities to invest in bike and pedestrian infrastructure, or that allow cities to invest in transit, have all become more popular, particularly in the larger cities,” Martin said. “We want to make sure that there’s flexibility for the cities that do choose to go down this path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clean Air Act allows California to enforce stricter standards on car pollution than the federal government. It also allows other states to adopt California’s rules. But to do so, California needs a waiver from the EPA. When George W. Bush was president, the EPA refused to issue such a waiver, which was eventually granted after Obama became president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s nominee to lead the EPA, Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/trump-picks-strident-foe-of-epa-20949\">repeatedly sued the agency\u003c/a>, arguing that federal pollution rules violate state rights. Now he might lead a charge to limit the rights of states to enforce their own pollution rules to slow climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1312191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1312191\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Pruitt, Trump's nominee to lead the EPA. \" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scott Pruitt, Trump’s nominee to lead the EPA. \u003ccite>(Gage Skidmore/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within days of Trump’s election, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers \u003ca href=\"http://www.autonews.com/assets/PDF/CA1078111110.PDF\">sent the president-elect a letter\u003c/a> arguing that the “regulatory friction” caused by two sets of car pollution standards is “driving up vehicle costs.” The automakers implored Trump to eliminate California’s far-reaching clean car rules through what they call “harmonization” with federal regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could see the U.S. EPA refuse to grant future waivers; there’s even been some talk that they could try to strip away existing waivers,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccair.org/our-people/\">Bill Magavern\u003c/a>, the policy director at the Coalition for Clean Air, a California nonprofit. “It’s safe to say California would sue in either instance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-wara/\">Michael Wara\u003c/a>, an energy and environment expert at Stanford Law School, said the federal government could go further than car standards and try to revoke the rights of states to limit heat-trapping carbon dioxide pollution billowed by power plants. It could also jeopardize “anything that smells like foreign policy” by states, Wara said, including linkages between a carbon pricing system operated jointly by California and Quebec.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything that looks and feels like a treaty — that creates binding obligations on both sides — is going to face increased judicial scrutiny,” Wara said. “Here, if there is any conflict, the state loses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all talk of federal preemption is hypothetical. Rep. Michael Burgess, a Republican from Texas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.eenews.net/assets/2017/01/05/document_gw_14.pdf\">introduced a bill last week\u003c/a> that would repeal federal efficiency standards affecting washing machines, dryers, ceiling fans, fridges and other appliances. It would also prevent states from adopting any product standards governing “energy conservation or water efficiency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Heritage Foundation, an influential conservative think tank, supports Burgess’s anti-regulatory drive on appliances, but it’s worried that his bill would curtail state rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t believe the federal government should mandate energy conservation,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.heritage.org/about/staff/l/nicolas-loris\">Nicolas Loris\u003c/a>, a Heritage Foundation energy and environmental policy fellow who has analyzed Burgess’s bill. “But we don’t think the federal government should prohibit the states from doing so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate Central\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/what-we-do/people/john-upton\" target=\"_blank\">John Upton\u003c/a>\u003c/br>Climate Central",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The head of the city department that drafts many of San Francisco’s greenest rules and regulations uses one word to explain her greatest fear for the environment during Trump’s presidency: “preemption.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If some of the deepest concerns of climate-focused bureaucrats from San Francisco to Massachusetts and New York come true, the Trump administration will preemptively prevent them from acting to slow global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">California’s decision to hire Obama’s attorney general, Eric Holder Jr., showed it’s preparing to fight for state rights in court.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>With Trump and Republicans in Congress widely expected to unite to undermine federal environmental protections, progressive states and cities are making plans to fight global warming within their borders without being helped or required to do so by the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Preemption is probably the progressive cities’ worst nightmare,” said \u003ca href=\"http://sfmayor.org/article/mayor-lee-appoints-deborah-raphael-sf-environment-director\">Deborah Raphael\u003c/a>, director of San Francisco’s environment department, which has helped city lawmakers craft rules mandating everything from greener buildings to composting and recycling by residents. “It’s also the state of California’s worst nightmare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The term “preemption” doesn’t describe a single legislative or regulatory tool. The word describes a concept, in which the federal government or a state imposes restrictions on the rules and programs that governments operating beneath it are allowed to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservative lawmakers in North Carolina used a preemption law last year to \u003ca href=\"http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/politics-government/article68401147.html\">outlaw transgender protections\u003c/a> in Charlotte. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/30/yes-this-is-real-michigan-just-banned-banning-plastic-bags/?utm_term=.e33f91ad9733\">Michigan, cities and counties\u003c/a> were barred from banning plastic bags. Colorado \u003ca href=\"http://www.denverpost.com/2016/05/02/colorado-supreme-court-rules-state-law-trumps-local-bans-on-fracking/\">prevents local governments\u003c/a> from banning fracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Republicans about to control both houses of Congress and the White House, environmental experts are warning of battles ahead over potential federal preemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There really is virtually no aspect of federal regulation of the natural environment or health that’s not at risk of preemption now,” said \u003ca href=\"http://grassrootschange.net/mark-pertschuk/\">Mark Pertschuk\u003c/a>, a lawyer and activist with the nonprofit Grassroots Change, which \u003ca href=\"http://grassrootschange.net/preemption-map/\">tracks state preemptions\u003c/a> of local rules affecting gun safety, paid sick days, factory farming and other issues. “Federal laws almost always trump state and local laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to predict when, how or whether the federal government will wield any tools of preemption to bar cities and states from enforcing their own environmental rules. Nonetheless, governments across the country are bracing for new restrictions. California’s decision to hire Obama’s attorney general, Eric Holder Jr., showed \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/04/us/california-eric-holder-donald-trump.html?_r=0\">it’s preparing to fight\u003c/a> for state rights in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything is speculative right now,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlc.org/find-city-solutions/city-solutions-and-applied-research/staff-specialties\">Cooper Martin\u003c/a>, a sustainability official at the National League of Cities, which represents cities in state capitols and on Capitol Hill. Based on Trump’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/trump-cabinet-climate-change-20920\">anti-environmental cabinet nominees\u003c/a> and his rhetoric on climate change, which he has falsely called a hoax, Martin said fears of federal preemption are “certainly well founded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just the nature of the political landscape that this hasn’t been an issue on climate, at least in the last eight years,” Martin said, referring to the length of Obama’s presidency. “It was certainly an issue prior to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clean car rules in California, which are unpopular with oil companies and auto manufacturers, offer what may be the clearest opportunity for federal preemption. Other rules that could be blocked relate to appliance efficiency standards, power plant pollution, fossil fuel exports and safe disposal of pharmaceuticals. Local governments that have spent federal transportation funds on cycling and transit initiatives could be prevented from doing so in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Programs that allow cities to invest in bike and pedestrian infrastructure, or that allow cities to invest in transit, have all become more popular, particularly in the larger cities,” Martin said. “We want to make sure that there’s flexibility for the cities that do choose to go down this path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clean Air Act allows California to enforce stricter standards on car pollution than the federal government. It also allows other states to adopt California’s rules. But to do so, California needs a waiver from the EPA. When George W. Bush was president, the EPA refused to issue such a waiver, which was eventually granted after Obama became president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s nominee to lead the EPA, Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/trump-picks-strident-foe-of-epa-20949\">repeatedly sued the agency\u003c/a>, arguing that federal pollution rules violate state rights. Now he might lead a charge to limit the rights of states to enforce their own pollution rules to slow climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1312191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1312191\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Pruitt, Trump's nominee to lead the EPA. \" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/01/Scott-Pruitt-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scott Pruitt, Trump’s nominee to lead the EPA. \u003ccite>(Gage Skidmore/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within days of Trump’s election, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers \u003ca href=\"http://www.autonews.com/assets/PDF/CA1078111110.PDF\">sent the president-elect a letter\u003c/a> arguing that the “regulatory friction” caused by two sets of car pollution standards is “driving up vehicle costs.” The automakers implored Trump to eliminate California’s far-reaching clean car rules through what they call “harmonization” with federal regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could see the U.S. EPA refuse to grant future waivers; there’s even been some talk that they could try to strip away existing waivers,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccair.org/our-people/\">Bill Magavern\u003c/a>, the policy director at the Coalition for Clean Air, a California nonprofit. “It’s safe to say California would sue in either instance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-wara/\">Michael Wara\u003c/a>, an energy and environment expert at Stanford Law School, said the federal government could go further than car standards and try to revoke the rights of states to limit heat-trapping carbon dioxide pollution billowed by power plants. It could also jeopardize “anything that smells like foreign policy” by states, Wara said, including linkages between a carbon pricing system operated jointly by California and Quebec.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything that looks and feels like a treaty — that creates binding obligations on both sides — is going to face increased judicial scrutiny,” Wara said. “Here, if there is any conflict, the state loses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all talk of federal preemption is hypothetical. Rep. Michael Burgess, a Republican from Texas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.eenews.net/assets/2017/01/05/document_gw_14.pdf\">introduced a bill last week\u003c/a> that would repeal federal efficiency standards affecting washing machines, dryers, ceiling fans, fridges and other appliances. It would also prevent states from adopting any product standards governing “energy conservation or water efficiency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Heritage Foundation, an influential conservative think tank, supports Burgess’s anti-regulatory drive on appliances, but it’s worried that his bill would curtail state rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t believe the federal government should mandate energy conservation,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.heritage.org/about/staff/l/nicolas-loris\">Nicolas Loris\u003c/a>, a Heritage Foundation energy and environmental policy fellow who has analyzed Burgess’s bill. “But we don’t think the federal government should prohibit the states from doing so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate Central\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "U.S. Had Near Record Heat, Costly Weather Disasters in 2016",
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"content": "\u003cp>With steamy nights, sticky days and torrential downpours, last year went down as one of the warmest and wildest weather years on record in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/national/201613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Monday\u003c/a> that 2016 was the second hottest year in the U.S. as Alaska warmed dramatically and nighttime temperatures set a record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. also notched its second highest number of weather disasters that cost at least $1 billion in damage: 15 separate ones together caused $46 billion in damage and 138 deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, global temperatures will be calculated, giving climate scientists more information as they monitor the planet’s warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regular tally of the nation’s weather year shows that even on a smaller scale—the U.S. is only 2 percent of the Earth’s area—climate change is becoming more noticeable even amid the natural variations that play such a large role in day to day weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average temperature last year in the Lower 48 states was 54.9 degrees (12.7 Celsius), nearly 3 degrees above the 20th Century average of 52 (11.1 Celsius). It’s the 20th consecutive year that the United States was warmer than normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 2012’s 55.3 (12.9 Celsius)degrees was warmer in the 122 years of U.S. record keeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is certainly a data point on a trend that we’ve seen: a general warming,” said Deke Arndt, climate monitoring chief at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina.. “All five of the warmest years on record have been since 1998 in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While 2016 didn’t quite break the overall heat record, Alaska had its hottest year by far, beating 2014’s old record by 1.6 degrees. Also, the nation’s nighttime low temperature was the hottest on record, a key issue because it hurts agriculture, costs more in air conditioning and makes it harder for people’s bodies to recover from the summer heat, Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA also found that it was the fourth consecutive wetter than normal year in the nation, even as droughts remained nasty in some places. “We are seeing bigger doses of rain in smaller amounts of time,” Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led to four different inland floods that cost $1 billion or more, including heavy sudden flooding in Houston, West Virginia and twice in Louisiana. That’s the most NOAA has seen, twice as many as the previous high for inland flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hotter summer nights, warming farther north and concentrated bursts of heavy rain amid drought are all signs of man-made climate change long predicted by scientists, Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that the U.S. has seen the two warmest years (2012 and 2016) within the past five years cannot be explained by chance. It bears the fingerprint of human-caused climate change,” Pennsylvania State University climate scientist Michael Mann said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year’s 15 billion-dollar weather disasters count is second to 2011, when there were 16 in the United States. NOAA’s billion-dollar disaster calculations — which are adjusted for inflation — goes back to 1980. In addition to flooding, other billion dollar disasters included Hurricane Matthew, wildfires, drought, tornadoes and hail storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other records in 2016: Georgia and the U.S. Southeast as a whole had their warmest years, and the Upper Midwest had its wettest year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With steamy nights, sticky days and torrential downpours, last year went down as one of the warmest and wildest weather years on record in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/national/201613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Monday\u003c/a> that 2016 was the second hottest year in the U.S. as Alaska warmed dramatically and nighttime temperatures set a record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. also notched its second highest number of weather disasters that cost at least $1 billion in damage: 15 separate ones together caused $46 billion in damage and 138 deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, global temperatures will be calculated, giving climate scientists more information as they monitor the planet’s warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regular tally of the nation’s weather year shows that even on a smaller scale—the U.S. is only 2 percent of the Earth’s area—climate change is becoming more noticeable even amid the natural variations that play such a large role in day to day weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average temperature last year in the Lower 48 states was 54.9 degrees (12.7 Celsius), nearly 3 degrees above the 20th Century average of 52 (11.1 Celsius). It’s the 20th consecutive year that the United States was warmer than normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 2012’s 55.3 (12.9 Celsius)degrees was warmer in the 122 years of U.S. record keeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is certainly a data point on a trend that we’ve seen: a general warming,” said Deke Arndt, climate monitoring chief at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina.. “All five of the warmest years on record have been since 1998 in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While 2016 didn’t quite break the overall heat record, Alaska had its hottest year by far, beating 2014’s old record by 1.6 degrees. Also, the nation’s nighttime low temperature was the hottest on record, a key issue because it hurts agriculture, costs more in air conditioning and makes it harder for people’s bodies to recover from the summer heat, Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA also found that it was the fourth consecutive wetter than normal year in the nation, even as droughts remained nasty in some places. “We are seeing bigger doses of rain in smaller amounts of time,” Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led to four different inland floods that cost $1 billion or more, including heavy sudden flooding in Houston, West Virginia and twice in Louisiana. That’s the most NOAA has seen, twice as many as the previous high for inland flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hotter summer nights, warming farther north and concentrated bursts of heavy rain amid drought are all signs of man-made climate change long predicted by scientists, Arndt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that the U.S. has seen the two warmest years (2012 and 2016) within the past five years cannot be explained by chance. It bears the fingerprint of human-caused climate change,” Pennsylvania State University climate scientist Michael Mann said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year’s 15 billion-dollar weather disasters count is second to 2011, when there were 16 in the United States. NOAA’s billion-dollar disaster calculations — which are adjusted for inflation — goes back to 1980. In addition to flooding, other billion dollar disasters included Hurricane Matthew, wildfires, drought, tornadoes and hail storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other records in 2016: Georgia and the U.S. Southeast as a whole had their warmest years, and the Upper Midwest had its wettest year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Why Climate Change Continues to Be a Tough Sell",
"headTitle": "Why Climate Change Continues to Be a Tough Sell | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>So, 2016 goes down in the books as the warmest year on record, globally. And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/04/noaa-challenged-the-global-warming-pause-now-new-research-says-the-agency-was-right/?utm_term=.21202c1bf357\">new report affirms\u003c/a> that a “pause” in global warming, often cited by climate science contrarians, never happened. So that should settle this climate thing once and for all, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wrong,” seems to be the view of many Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question of how people make up their minds about climate change turns out to be complicated, which helps explain figures due to be released next week by Yale and George Mason Universities as part of the ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://climatecommunication.yale.edu/about/projects/global-warmings-six-americas/\">Six Americas study\u003c/a> of climate attitudes. The project’s most recent survey shows that while seven in 10 U.S. adults believe that the planet is heating up, only about half (53 percent) will concede that human activity is driving it, despite overwhelming scientific evidence to that effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re ideally objective when we think and decide, but that isn’t what we actually do,” Ohio State University decision sciences expert Ellen Peters \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/whats-the-best-way-to-convince-a-climate-change-denier/\">told NPR’s Science Friday\u003c/a>. In matters as potentially disruptive as the course of the climate, “We tend to seek out, interpret and weigh information according to what we wanted to believe ahead of time,” said Peters. That would apply, of course, to those on both sides of the argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a nut that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateaccountability.org/pdf/Oreskes%20Jul13.pdf\">Naomi Oreskes\u003c/a> has been trying to crack for more than a decade. One of the nation’s most notable science historians, Oreskes has written extensively about the tactics of climate science deniers and their motives. In December, the Commonwealth Club of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/\">Climate One\u003c/a> program gave Oreskes its annual Stephen H. Schneider Award for achievement in climate science communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six years ago, Oreskes and co-author Erik Conway wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.merchantsofdoubt.org/\">Merchants of Doubt\u003c/a>, which detailed how the fossil fuel industry co-opted scientists and bankrolled “disinformation” campaigns to counter warnings about global warming and hamstring government efforts to engage on the climate front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Oreskes agrees that the disinclination to accept climate science can be traced to more than a corporate conspiracy. Other factors in the complex matrix of climate attitudes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Government is the Problem”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impulse to reject climate science goes to the heart of American culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a long history of being suspicious about government,” says Oreskes, and for better or worse, the most meaningful countermeasures to climate change require some level of government intervention, such as regulating and taxing carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our version of it dates to Ronald Reagan (“Government is the problem”) but it’s a really deep element in American society if you think about it. Our government was set up so that the federal government would be weak, so that it wouldn’t concentrate too much power in Washington D.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ask Not What You Can Do for Your Country\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Americans have also come to see potential climate solutions as a threat to their lifestyle. A survey by the Pew Research Center last summer found that six in 10 Americans believed they’d have to make “major changes to their way of life” to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s also sort of the idea that the American way of life is a life of plenty,” says Oreskes. “Many people, if you try to talk to them about climate change, what they hear you saying is, ‘You’re a bad person—the way you live is bad,'” explains Oreskes. “You’re doing this terrible thing which is going to kill people in Bangladesh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oreskes cautions against using the “language of sacrifice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the key challenge for us is to figure out how we shift our energy systems in ways that protect our prosperity rather than ways that cause us to be poor,” she says. “And this is really crucial because a lot of people want to imply that if we do something about climate change, it’s going to cost us a ton of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often held up as proof to the contrary is California, which has seen its economy grow steadily despite having the nation’s most aggressive policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Blame it on the Media\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why not? 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>So, 2016 goes down in the books as the warmest year on record, globally. And a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/04/noaa-challenged-the-global-warming-pause-now-new-research-says-the-agency-was-right/?utm_term=.21202c1bf357\">new report affirms\u003c/a> that a “pause” in global warming, often cited by climate science contrarians, never happened. So that should settle this climate thing once and for all, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wrong,” seems to be the view of many Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question of how people make up their minds about climate change turns out to be complicated, which helps explain figures due to be released next week by Yale and George Mason Universities as part of the ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://climatecommunication.yale.edu/about/projects/global-warmings-six-americas/\">Six Americas study\u003c/a> of climate attitudes. The project’s most recent survey shows that while seven in 10 U.S. adults believe that the planet is heating up, only about half (53 percent) will concede that human activity is driving it, despite overwhelming scientific evidence to that effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re ideally objective when we think and decide, but that isn’t what we actually do,” Ohio State University decision sciences expert Ellen Peters \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/whats-the-best-way-to-convince-a-climate-change-denier/\">told NPR’s Science Friday\u003c/a>. In matters as potentially disruptive as the course of the climate, “We tend to seek out, interpret and weigh information according to what we wanted to believe ahead of time,” said Peters. That would apply, of course, to those on both sides of the argument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a nut that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climateaccountability.org/pdf/Oreskes%20Jul13.pdf\">Naomi Oreskes\u003c/a> has been trying to crack for more than a decade. One of the nation’s most notable science historians, Oreskes has written extensively about the tactics of climate science deniers and their motives. In December, the Commonwealth Club of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/\">Climate One\u003c/a> program gave Oreskes its annual Stephen H. Schneider Award for achievement in climate science communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six years ago, Oreskes and co-author Erik Conway wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.merchantsofdoubt.org/\">Merchants of Doubt\u003c/a>, which detailed how the fossil fuel industry co-opted scientists and bankrolled “disinformation” campaigns to counter warnings about global warming and hamstring government efforts to engage on the climate front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Oreskes agrees that the disinclination to accept climate science can be traced to more than a corporate conspiracy. Other factors in the complex matrix of climate attitudes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Government is the Problem”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impulse to reject climate science goes to the heart of American culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a long history of being suspicious about government,” says Oreskes, and for better or worse, the most meaningful countermeasures to climate change require some level of government intervention, such as regulating and taxing carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our version of it dates to Ronald Reagan (“Government is the problem”) but it’s a really deep element in American society if you think about it. Our government was set up so that the federal government would be weak, so that it wouldn’t concentrate too much power in Washington D.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ask Not What You Can Do for Your Country\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Americans have also come to see potential climate solutions as a threat to their lifestyle. A survey by the Pew Research Center last summer found that six in 10 Americans believed they’d have to make “major changes to their way of life” to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s also sort of the idea that the American way of life is a life of plenty,” says Oreskes. “Many people, if you try to talk to them about climate change, what they hear you saying is, ‘You’re a bad person—the way you live is bad,'” explains Oreskes. “You’re doing this terrible thing which is going to kill people in Bangladesh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oreskes cautions against using the “language of sacrifice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the key challenge for us is to figure out how we shift our energy systems in ways that protect our prosperity rather than ways that cause us to be poor,” she says. “And this is really crucial because a lot of people want to imply that if we do something about climate change, it’s going to cost us a ton of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often held up as proof to the contrary is California, which has seen its economy grow steadily despite having the nation’s most aggressive policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Blame it on the Media\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why not? We deserve it. After all, \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/10/19/13342250/presidential-debates-climate-change\">not a single question\u003c/a> about climate was raised throughout the series of televised presidential debates during the 2016 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is fundamentally a climate silence in America today,” says Ed Maibach, who directs the George Mason half of the Six Americas project. He says most respondents to their surveys say they “rarely hear about it in the media,” nor do they often hear people discussing climate or have conversations about it themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an all-hands-on-deck situation,” says Maibach. “We need all voices in America talking about climate change and throwing their support behind climate solutions.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
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