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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And head for the shore with only one thing on their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A springtime spawning spree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atlantic horseshoe crabs gather, by the millions, along the East Coast of North America — from Maine to the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowds here in Delaware are some of the biggest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The males show up first, hanging out on the beach and in the shallows of the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They scramble to latch on to the backs of passing females.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The females can be the size of dinner plates, way bigger than the males.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Success!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They take advantage of the fleeting high tides to haul their precious cargo as high up the beach as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The females muscle their way up the beach, with the males in tow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The greatest danger for these horseshoe crabs is flipping over, exposing their vulnerable underside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it only takes a small wave to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the hood, horseshoe crabs’ legs end in pincers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But mature males have something special on their front legs …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This “clasper” that looks like a little boxing glove with a hooked finger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s perfect for gripping the back of a female’s shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To flip back over, the animals use their long, spiky tail, called a telson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looks a little scary, but horseshoe crabs don’t sting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horseshoe crabs have been making these high-tide treks under the glow of the full moon since before the dinosaurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s more than 400 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone finds a date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially those younger males.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they hike up the beach anyway in hopes of getting in on the action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This female is dragging around two admirers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a female finds a good spot, she digs and digs into the wet sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The female lays roughly 4,000 eggs in one go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male that clung to her all this time is in the best position to fertilize the most eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those single dudes crowd around too, vying to fertilize the rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the party winds down, the grown-ups start heading back to sea,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’ll return for more of these high-tide soirees throughout the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They leave their fertilized eggs behind, buried in the damp sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each one is smaller than a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next couple of weeks the embryos inside develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the high tides return — these larvae are ready to hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jostling of the waves stimulates them to break out of their shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is their chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have just a few hours to scramble into the turbulent surf, before the high tide recedes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ll mature beneath the waves for roughly a decade before they’re ready to return as adults themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>… Where they’ll take their turn in this ancient dance of the moon, tides and sand.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>Native to the lakes of Mexico City, the axolotl stays in the water its whole life, swimming with a tail fin and breathing through frilly external gills. It’s nearly extinct in the wild, but survives in research labs the world over, studied for its amazing regenerative abilities. With our help, can these beloved creatures thrive once again in their ancestral home?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The axolotl isn’t just a frilly salamander with a half-smile and a blank stare.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s named after an Aztec god, who escaped death by morphing into this amphibian shape.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s a creature that’s a bridge between worlds: the spiritual and the natural; the aquatic and the terrestrial; survival and extinction. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.biographic.com/mexico-city-and-its-sacred-salamanders/\">Check out this video produced by bioGraphic and the California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> that dives deeper into the cultural significance and conservation work being done in Mexico City to help preserve axolotls in the wild. Portions of this video (produced by filmmaker \u003ca href=\"http://www.katiegarrett.co.uk/\">Katie Garrett\u003c/a>), were licensed for use in our Deep Look episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/complete-axolotl-genome-could-reveal-secret-regenerating-tissues-180971335/\">Learn more about the work being done to unravel the secrets of axolotl’s powers of limb regeneration\u003c/a>, and how it might someday be applied to human medicine. [/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like most of its salamander relatives, the axolotl begins its life as a tiny, translucent egg laid underwater. It grows into a tadpole — a larva with gills and a flattened, fin-shaped tail. In time, many salamanders shed these features, develop lungs, and crawl onto land. But the axolotl never makes the transition ashore. Even as it grows — up to a foot in length — it hangs on to its larval lifestyle. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The gills are reddish-purple from the blood cells pulsing through them, pulling oxygen directly from the water. To breathe, it just flaps those gills.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But if that doesn’t work — like if there’s not enough oxygen in the water — the axolotl has a backup: fully functional lungs it can use to gulp air from the surface. These organs are evolutionary leftovers from when its ancestors lived on land. The axolotl’s lungs are a rare example of cryptic metamorphosis — when an animal matures to its next stage of development internally, but doesn’t show it on the outside.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite its flexibility, this magnificent vertebrate is in trouble.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since the 16th century, the axolotl’s native habitat, Lake Xochimilco in Mexico City, has been built over and polluted as this megacity grew. Now the lake is just a few canals, where the axolotls battle invasive predators, and warming waters from climate change. Here, in the remnants of their ancestral home, only a few hundred are left. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But scattered across the globe, you’ll find thousands of them — not in the wild though. They’re in research labs. Scientists are impressed by the axolotl’s ability to rapidly regenerate damaged limbs, organs, even parts of their brain. And that’s amazing for a vertebrate — an animal with a backbone — like us. Harnessing this healing ability for humans would be a breakthrough.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what does it mean if an animal is thriving only in captivity? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What is a species without its natural habitat?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To preserve what’s left of the axolotl’s wild home, a team of biologists at the National Autonomous University of Mexico started an innovative collaboration. They work with farmers of the chinampas — the traditional floating gardens along the Xochimilco canals where the animals still live.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The farmers filter canal water for crops through native aquatic plants and gravel, without the use of pesticides. This protects axolotls from both pollution and invasive predators.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For many in Mexico City, axolotls have come to symbolize the connection between humans and the natural world. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Humans have put axolotls and our environment in peril. But with traditional knowledge, respect, and some ingenuity, we can give these remarkable animals a chance to come back. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.biographic.com/mexico-city-and-its-sacred-salamanders/\">Check out this video produced by bioGraphic and the California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> that dives deeper into the cultural significance and conservation work being done in Mexico City to help preserve axolotls in the wild. Portions of this video (produced by filmmaker \u003ca href=\"http://www.katiegarrett.co.uk/\">Katie Garrett\u003c/a>), were licensed for use in our Deep Look episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/complete-axolotl-genome-could-reveal-secret-regenerating-tissues-180971335/\">Learn more about the work being done to unravel the secrets of axolotl’s powers of limb regeneration\u003c/a>, and how it might someday be applied to human medicine. ",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Hermit crabs are obsessed with snail shells. These crafty little crabs, found in California’s rocky intertidal zone, are more than happy to let the snails build them a perfect home. When the crabs find a snail shell they like, they hop right into their new abode.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Hermit crabs are obsessed with snail shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these crafty little crabs are more than happy to let the snails do all the work to make their future homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these Northern California tide pools, turban snails invest years, sometimes decades, growing their shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pull calcium carbonate right out of the water to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They spend their days eating the algae that coats pretty much everything in these rocky, shallow pools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rugged shells protect the snails’ squishy bodies from the relentless surf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re way stronger than your average garden snail shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those sturdy curves catch the attention of these grainyhand hermit crabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://resweb.llu.edu/sdunbar/index.html\">Stephen Dunbar\u003c/a> is a professor of biology at Loma Linda University where he studies tropical marine ecophysiology, coral reef biodiversity and conservation, and marine invertebrate and vertebrate physiology and ecology. He previously studied how hermit crabs use snail shells and currently focuses on sea turtles.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hermit crabs won’t kill the snails to get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wait for a snail to die and then rush in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new home comes with a free meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escargot, anyone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a competitive market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re constantly looking to upgrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe they’ve outgrown their current place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A shell that’s too small hampers growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a damaged shell like this one just isn’t safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the front of their body is covered in stiff armor, their elongated back half is soft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It curves to match the shell’s spiral shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very end of its body, deep inside the shell, modified legs called uropods grab on, like the arms of an anchor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they make any big moves, they usually inspect their new potential digs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they like what they see, they make sure the coast is clear, hold on to both shells, and …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much better, now to get this place cleaned up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the crabs never get too attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They might occupy this shell for just a few hours, if they find something better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes hermit crabs will squabble over a particularly desirable abode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or bully the current occupant into abandoning its shell by banging against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tenant hiding inside won’t give up its most prized possession easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s one thing they can count on, though, there will always be another shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And another, and another, and another.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://resweb.llu.edu/sdunbar/index.html\">Stephen Dunbar\u003c/a> is a professor of biology at Loma Linda University where he studies tropical marine ecophysiology, coral reef biodiversity and conservation, and marine invertebrate and vertebrate physiology and ecology. He previously studied how hermit crabs use snail shells and currently focuses on sea turtles.\u003cbr>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hermit crabs won’t kill the snails to get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wait for a snail to die and then rush in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new home comes with a free meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escargot, anyone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a competitive market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re constantly looking to upgrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe they’ve outgrown their current place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A shell that’s too small hampers growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a damaged shell like this one just isn’t safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the front of their body is covered in stiff armor, their elongated back half is soft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It curves to match the shell’s spiral shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very end of its body, deep inside the shell, modified legs called uropods grab on, like the arms of an anchor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they make any big moves, they usually inspect their new potential digs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they like what they see, they make sure the coast is clear, hold on to both shells, and …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much better, now to get this place cleaned up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the crabs never get too attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They might occupy this shell for just a few hours, if they find something better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes hermit crabs will squabble over a particularly desirable abode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or bully the current occupant into abandoning its shell by banging against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tenant hiding inside won’t give up its most prized possession easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s one thing they can count on, though, there will always be another shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And another, and another, and another.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>The devilish caterpillars of the pipevine swallowtail butterfly *devour* the California pipevine, never mind that the plant is trying to poison them. Their butterfly moms don’t pollinate the pipevine in return, though. So the vine traps unlucky gnats in its labyrinthine flowers to do the job.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This is the story of a love triangle between a plant, a striking butterfly and an intrepid – though unlucky – gnat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like every good love story … it has plant sex, deceit, and even an attempted poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the center of this triangle is the California pipevine. Its supple vines wind around other plants or structures, like this arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also known as the California Dutchman’s pipe because its flowers are curved in the shape of a tobacco pipe. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s these “lips.” Oh hello, gorgeous!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vine grows heart-shaped leaves, but don’t be fooled. The plant produces poisonous compounds that could cause kidney cancer if you ate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the California pipevine swallowtail butterfly loves it, even though the vine is trying to poison the butterfly’s babies. Talk about a toxic relationship! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These Bay Area botanical gardens have the California pipevine on display and sometimes for sale. They also occasionally teach classes on how to propagate the plant:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\">Regional Parks Botanic Garden in Tilden Regional Park, in Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbg.org/\">San Francisco Botanical Garden\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CaliforniaPipevineSwallowtail/\">California Pipevine Swallowtail Project page on Facebook\u003c/a>, San Francisco biologist Tim Wong shares tips on growing California pipevine to attract the butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars have evolved to depend on the vine. It’s their only food. And they turn its poison into their own weapon. As they chomp away, they accumulate the toxins in their bodies and make themselves noxious to predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bright orange screams “I can make you sick!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the butterfly’s eggs are crusted with toxins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hatching, the caterpillars feast side by side. Scientists call this gregarious behavior. They’re not just being social. Feeding together helps them get bigger faster, though scientists don’t know exactly why. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the faster they grow, the sooner they’ll stock up on those defensive compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the pipevine get anything out of this deal? Pollination by the butterflies, maybe? Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They drink nectar from other flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the pipevine’s flowers come out in early spring, they lure in and trap tiny flies called fungus gnats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flowers entice them with a mushroomy aroma that reminds the gnats of the fungi they feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in there, it’s really hard to get out. Here’s what it looks like inside the flower, from the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the actual exit … the way it got in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where the flower keeps its pollen. It *could* be a way out, all lit up by the sun. So, the gnat flies up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets stuck, at least for a bit. But the flower doesn’t eat it, like a carnivorous plant would. The flower only needs to keep it hostage until some pollen grains attach to the fly’s hairs. This is called deceptive pollination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many gnats the ordeal is too much. They don’t make it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some do escape. If one falls for the same pipevine trick again and gets caught in another flower … boom! Pollination. That flower will turn into a seed-carrying fruit that will eventually lead to new places for this butterfly to lay her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll never know the debt of gratitude she owes a certain disoriented gnat.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These Bay Area botanical gardens have the California pipevine on display and sometimes for sale. They also occasionally teach classes on how to propagate the plant:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\">Regional Parks Botanic Garden in Tilden Regional Park, in Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbg.org/\">San Francisco Botanical Garden\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CaliforniaPipevineSwallowtail/\">California Pipevine Swallowtail Project page on Facebook\u003c/a>, San Francisco biologist Tim Wong shares tips on growing California pipevine to attract the butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars have evolved to depend on the vine. It’s their only food. And they turn its poison into their own weapon. As they chomp away, they accumulate the toxins in their bodies and make themselves noxious to predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bright orange screams “I can make you sick!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the butterfly’s eggs are crusted with toxins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hatching, the caterpillars feast side by side. Scientists call this gregarious behavior. They’re not just being social. Feeding together helps them get bigger faster, though scientists don’t know exactly why. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the faster they grow, the sooner they’ll stock up on those defensive compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the pipevine get anything out of this deal? Pollination by the butterflies, maybe? Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They drink nectar from other flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the pipevine’s flowers come out in early spring, they lure in and trap tiny flies called fungus gnats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flowers entice them with a mushroomy aroma that reminds the gnats of the fungi they feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in there, it’s really hard to get out. Here’s what it looks like inside the flower, from the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the actual exit … the way it got in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where the flower keeps its pollen. It *could* be a way out, all lit up by the sun. So, the gnat flies up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets stuck, at least for a bit. But the flower doesn’t eat it, like a carnivorous plant would. The flower only needs to keep it hostage until some pollen grains attach to the fly’s hairs. This is called deceptive pollination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many gnats the ordeal is too much. They don’t make it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some do escape. If one falls for the same pipevine trick again and gets caught in another flower … boom! Pollination. That flower will turn into a seed-carrying fruit that will eventually lead to new places for this butterfly to lay her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll never know the debt of gratitude she owes a certain disoriented gnat.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>Look past their grasping claws and lightning-fast stingers, and you’ll see scorpions have a delicate pair of comb-like organs on their belly called pectines. These sensory body parts help them navigate, and figure out who’s a menace, a meal or a mate.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Powerful pincers. Paralyzing venom. Armor fortified with iron and zinc. They’re totally metal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scorpion has a fierce reputation that’s lasted through the ages. Its ancestors were some of Earth’s earliest predators. But this beast has a secret — a softer side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/there-are-so-many-scorpions/\">Check out this article in Bay Nature about the global diversity of scorpions\u003c/a>, and how there may be a scorpion in your very backyard. The article has some excellent tips for all you brave and curious scorpion seekers out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For further information about local San Francisco Bay Area scorpions, \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/local-scorpions\">go to the California Academy of Science, and learn from scorpion expert Lauren Esposito\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/explore-science/local-scorpions\">In this video,\u003c/a> you can even see an example of a scorpion giving live birth![/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you flip over a scorpion — don’t try this at home — its belly is sensitive, and not just because its armor is thinner there. Right behind its legs, you’ll see a couple of comb-like organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are pectines, and every scorpion has a pair. The comb teeth are covered in tiny sensors called peg sensilla. Every peg sensillum has a slit-shaped pore that takes in chemical traces from the ground and air. Each is attached to roughly a dozen nerve cells. This helps the scorpion’s brain read the chemicals, to understand its environment. It’s similar to how we taste and smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s useful, because even though it has many eyes, a scorpion’s vision is not the best. When two scorpions meet, they use their pectines to sense each other’s pheromones — invisible chemical signals they release into the world around them. This helps them determine who’s a menace, meal, or potential mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looks like these two are a match. They’re not fighting, they’re — well — holding hands and kissing, scorpion style. And this is their version of a slow dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male deposits a packet of sperm on the ground inside a casing called a spermatophore. She picks up what she needs, and just like that, this brief but sweet courtship is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The peg sensilla are also sensitive to physical cues. They brush the ground as the scorpion walks, deciphering textures that help it navigate. But the pectines aren’t its only specialized sensors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scorpion’s dainty feet and hairs all over its body also help it pick up minuscule vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mmm! Dinner!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fossils show scorpions have existed in some form or another since before the dinosaurs. At night, researchers can find scorpions because they glow under a simple UV flashlight. Why this is, is a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are more than 2,000 species found all over the planet. And scientists are still discovering more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s so much pressure out there to be tough, smart, fast. Maybe the real trick to survival is cultivating your sensitive side, for hundreds of millions of years.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you flip over a scorpion — don’t try this at home — its belly is sensitive, and not just because its armor is thinner there. Right behind its legs, you’ll see a couple of comb-like organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are pectines, and every scorpion has a pair. The comb teeth are covered in tiny sensors called peg sensilla. Every peg sensillum has a slit-shaped pore that takes in chemical traces from the ground and air. Each is attached to roughly a dozen nerve cells. This helps the scorpion’s brain read the chemicals, to understand its environment. It’s similar to how we taste and smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s useful, because even though it has many eyes, a scorpion’s vision is not the best. When two scorpions meet, they use their pectines to sense each other’s pheromones — invisible chemical signals they release into the world around them. This helps them determine who’s a menace, meal, or potential mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looks like these two are a match. They’re not fighting, they’re — well — holding hands and kissing, scorpion style. And this is their version of a slow dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male deposits a packet of sperm on the ground inside a casing called a spermatophore. She picks up what she needs, and just like that, this brief but sweet courtship is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The peg sensilla are also sensitive to physical cues. They brush the ground as the scorpion walks, deciphering textures that help it navigate. But the pectines aren’t its only specialized sensors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scorpion’s dainty feet and hairs all over its body also help it pick up minuscule vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mmm! Dinner!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fossils show scorpions have existed in some form or another since before the dinosaurs. At night, researchers can find scorpions because they glow under a simple UV flashlight. Why this is, is a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are more than 2,000 species found all over the planet. And scientists are still discovering more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s so much pressure out there to be tough, smart, fast. Maybe the real trick to survival is cultivating your sensitive side, for hundreds of millions of years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Earth Day 2021: 11 Bay Area Events to Get You Inspired",
"headTitle": "Earth Day 2021: 11 Bay Area Events to Get You Inspired | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The first Earth Day, on April 22, 1970, kicked off the modern environmental movement with more than 20 million Americans — 10% of the U.S. population — hitting the streets to demand action against unchecked pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its 51st year, the event has transformed into a global movement with participation by more than 1 billion people across 192 countries. This year’s theme is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthday.org/toolkit-earth-day-2021-restore-our-earth/\">Restore Our Earth\u003c/a>,” emphasizing the importance of enlisting natural processes, emerging green technologies and innovative thinking to restore ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, on its 50th anniversary, California EPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1962618/has-earth-day-had-any-impact-california-environmental-chief-weighs-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said \u003c/a>Earth Day has had “a major impact on policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Back in 1970, we didn’t have the Clean Air Act, we didn’t have the Clean Water Act, we didn’t have any federal legislation, really, relating to the environment,” he said. “And people went out on the streets, made their voices heard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year Earth Day will be mainly virtual again. But with the Bay Area slowly opening up, there are some in-person options, too. Just remember to mask up and social distance. Below are a few, mostly Bay Area events to put on your radar:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/celebrate-earth-day-outdoors-with-bandaloop-vertical-dance-open-rehearsal-tickets-150758900931\">\u003cstrong>BANDALOOP\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Vertical Dance Rehearsal Outdoors\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 4-5 p.m., Oakland, In-Person Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCelebrate Earth Day with aerial dance company BANDALOOP and special guests as the group unveils excerpts from its newest work, LOOM, weaving performance, research and education around the ancestral power and ecological impacts of textiles past, present and future. Event highlights include: Live music by Ben Juodvalkis, Chibueze Crouch, and Charles Peoples III. Special guest speakers include eco-somatic dance artist and inaugural BANDALOOP Artist-In-Residence Jes DeVille, and Phoenix Armenta from the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1974001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg\" alt=\"BANDALOOP dancers perform on side of building in Oakland\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert-768x427.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BANDALOOP dancers perform on the side of the Breuner building in downtown Oakland. \u003ccite>(Krystal Harfert/BANDALOOP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/nightlife/nightschool-earth-day-for-the-people\">\u003cstrong>California Academy of Sciences\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>NightSchool: Earth Day for the People\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nGet inspired by people and organizations radically changing both the health of the environment and their communities through “greenprint” projects that focus on sustainable development, environmental justice, and remaking the food system. Featured speakers include: Elizabeth Hiroyasu, landscape scientist at The Nature Conservancy of California; Dr. Mónica Ramírez-Andreotta, assistant professor at the University of Arizona and director of Project Harvest; and Ashley Yates, media director for Planting Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/saving-the-dark-movie-and-panel-discussion/\">\u003cstrong>Chabot Space and Science Center\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Screening: Saving the Dark\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 23 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEnjoy a special screening and discussion of “Saving The Dark,” a documentary about astronomy and light pollution. Event highlights include film producer Sriram Murali, joined by astronomers Richard Ozer and Gerald McKeegan, to discuss the costs of light pollution, including its effects on our health, wildlife and environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark-online-earth-day\">\u003cstrong>The Exploratorium\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>After Dark Online: Earth Day\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDiscover the work of local organizations that expose inequitable impacts of climate change and advocate for environmental justice and legislation. Event highlights include: Conversations with youth leaders from Oakland-based Youth vs. Apocalypse and a virtual screening of the short film “My 25: The Ocean Between Us,” a student film that merges memories and reality to tell an intimate story of how our oceans have changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/events/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy\u003cbr>\nEarth Day Events\u003cbr>\nMake a Monarch Butterfly Kite for Earth Day!\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 11 a.m.-12 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJoin National Park Service Ranger Rebecca Au and Price Sheppy as they take you step by step through building your own monarch butterfly kite to fly on Earth Day. You will also hear stories about the monarch butterfly and find out more about what you can do to help these beautiful animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/events/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>Monitoring Frogs in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 23 – Noon-1:30 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nLearn about the common and uncommon frogs you can see in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Join the conversation and find out about efforts to reintroduce and monitor the California red-legged frog, a threatened population in the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fortmason.org/event/flix/international-ocean-film-festival-2021-earth-day/\">\u003cstrong>International Ocean Film Festival (IOFF)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Drive-in Screening at Fort Mason Center For Arts & Culture\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 8:30-10:30 p.m.\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Tickets Required, $49 Per Vehicle\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIOFF is presenting a special screening of two of its 2021 award-winning films, “Ocean Souls” and “Whales in a Changing Ocean.” This screening is part of the 18th annual IOFF taking place virtually through May 2, showcasing more than 80 independent films, representing 17 countries, reflecting IOFF’s mission of restoring, protecting and balancing ocean biodiversity through independent films. If you can’t make it to the drive-in, these films are also screening virtually. Check out this year’s festival schedule at \u003ca href=\"http://www.IntlOceanFilmFest.org/\">IntlOceanFilmFest.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/events/146656235749\">KQED\u003cbr>\nOn Common Ground: Hyper-Local Climate Resilience\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 6 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany people can adapt to climate change via migration, but for some, adaptation means finding the solutions to remain in place. KQED’s senior science editor, Katrin Snow, will moderate a conversation on how resiliency takes hold on a local level in two very different locations, Marin City and the Sierra Nevada. Special guests include: Terrie Harris-Green of Shore Up Marin City; Beth Rose Middleton Manning, professor and department chair of the Native American Studies Department at UC Davis; and guest reporter Janelle Marie Salanga, engagement reporting intern at the College Journalism Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 21-23 – Multiday, Free Virtual Events\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen you think of NASA, you might think of astronauts and missions to Mars. But NASA also has a variety of missions that focus on studying Earth, from sea level rise to hurricanes. NASA’s three-day Earth Day virtual event extravaganza features: Live presentations and chats with NASA Earth science experts; an interactive kid-friendly science fun zone with coloring and activity sheets; and Meet a Scientist videos. Plus, you can find out how you can be a scientist for NASA. There’s also an online scavenger hunt to kick off #GrowForLaunch, a chance to learn about plants grown in space and how you can start your own “space” garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandzoo.org/programs-and-events/earth-day\">\u003cstrong>Oakland Zoo\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Events\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22-25 – 10 a.m.-3:30p.m., Timed Tickets Required, $24-$20, Free Virtual Activities\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCelebrate animals and the planet and learn how to take action against the illegal wildlife trade. All guests must reserve a ticket for a specific date and entry time. Event highlights include an in-person scavenger hunt that will focus on animals that need saving from illegal wildlife trade. The zoo also has several online activities to help you act for the planet from the comfort of your own home, such as learning what plants attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies and hummingbirds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://browercenter.org/wsff-2021\">\u003cstrong>The David Brower Center\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Wild and Scenic Film Festival Earth Day 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Tickets Required, General $25, Student $15, Group Rates Available \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Wild and Scenic Film Festival, organized by Citizens Climate Lobby Alameda County, the David Brower Center, Earth Island Institute, Green the Church, and Communities for a Better Environment, is hosting a virtual Earth Day screening with films that tell extraordinary stories of local and global front-line communities fighting for environmental justice and restoration. After the live event on the 22nd, all films will be available on-demand from April 23-27. Included with every ticket is an on-demand bonus session featuring five films about threatened wildlife and efforts to protect their habitats and save them from extinction. Get $5 off with this special code: WSFFDBC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1974013\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg\" alt=\"earthday_wsf\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman--160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman--768x490.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Included with every ticket is an on-demand bonus session featuring five amazing films about threatened wildlife and efforts to protect their habitats and save them from extinction. \u003ccite>(Wild and Scenic Film Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Check your local event listings for additional Earth Day related community events in your neighborhood. And be sure to bookmark \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareascience.org\">bayareascience.org\u003c/a> for year-round science and environment events and festivals. Below is a reminder of a few things you can do to make every day Earth Day, courtesy of the \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/ocean/earthday.html\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1974014\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg\" alt=\"NOAAA\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2-768x481.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"subhead": "Check out KQED's San Francisco Bay Area Earth Day 2021 event picks and get inspired! Enjoy mainly virtual events from the California Academy of Sciences, the Exploratorium, the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, the Oakland Zoo and more!",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first Earth Day, on April 22, 1970, kicked off the modern environmental movement with more than 20 million Americans — 10% of the U.S. population — hitting the streets to demand action against unchecked pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its 51st year, the event has transformed into a global movement with participation by more than 1 billion people across 192 countries. This year’s theme is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthday.org/toolkit-earth-day-2021-restore-our-earth/\">Restore Our Earth\u003c/a>,” emphasizing the importance of enlisting natural processes, emerging green technologies and innovative thinking to restore ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, on its 50th anniversary, California EPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1962618/has-earth-day-had-any-impact-california-environmental-chief-weighs-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said \u003c/a>Earth Day has had “a major impact on policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Back in 1970, we didn’t have the Clean Air Act, we didn’t have the Clean Water Act, we didn’t have any federal legislation, really, relating to the environment,” he said. “And people went out on the streets, made their voices heard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year Earth Day will be mainly virtual again. But with the Bay Area slowly opening up, there are some in-person options, too. Just remember to mask up and social distance. Below are a few, mostly Bay Area events to put on your radar:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/celebrate-earth-day-outdoors-with-bandaloop-vertical-dance-open-rehearsal-tickets-150758900931\">\u003cstrong>BANDALOOP\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Vertical Dance Rehearsal Outdoors\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 4-5 p.m., Oakland, In-Person Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCelebrate Earth Day with aerial dance company BANDALOOP and special guests as the group unveils excerpts from its newest work, LOOM, weaving performance, research and education around the ancestral power and ecological impacts of textiles past, present and future. Event highlights include: Live music by Ben Juodvalkis, Chibueze Crouch, and Charles Peoples III. Special guest speakers include eco-somatic dance artist and inaugural BANDALOOP Artist-In-Residence Jes DeVille, and Phoenix Armenta from the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1974001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg\" alt=\"BANDALOOP dancers perform on side of building in Oakland\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/BandaLoop_Photo-by-Krystal-Harfert-768x427.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BANDALOOP dancers perform on the side of the Breuner building in downtown Oakland. \u003ccite>(Krystal Harfert/BANDALOOP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/nightlife/nightschool-earth-day-for-the-people\">\u003cstrong>California Academy of Sciences\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>NightSchool: Earth Day for the People\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nGet inspired by people and organizations radically changing both the health of the environment and their communities through “greenprint” projects that focus on sustainable development, environmental justice, and remaking the food system. Featured speakers include: Elizabeth Hiroyasu, landscape scientist at The Nature Conservancy of California; Dr. Mónica Ramírez-Andreotta, assistant professor at the University of Arizona and director of Project Harvest; and Ashley Yates, media director for Planting Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/saving-the-dark-movie-and-panel-discussion/\">\u003cstrong>Chabot Space and Science Center\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Screening: Saving the Dark\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 23 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEnjoy a special screening and discussion of “Saving The Dark,” a documentary about astronomy and light pollution. Event highlights include film producer Sriram Murali, joined by astronomers Richard Ozer and Gerald McKeegan, to discuss the costs of light pollution, including its effects on our health, wildlife and environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark-online-earth-day\">\u003cstrong>The Exploratorium\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>After Dark Online: Earth Day\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Free Virtual Event \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDiscover the work of local organizations that expose inequitable impacts of climate change and advocate for environmental justice and legislation. Event highlights include: Conversations with youth leaders from Oakland-based Youth vs. Apocalypse and a virtual screening of the short film “My 25: The Ocean Between Us,” a student film that merges memories and reality to tell an intimate story of how our oceans have changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/events/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy\u003cbr>\nEarth Day Events\u003cbr>\nMake a Monarch Butterfly Kite for Earth Day!\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 11 a.m.-12 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJoin National Park Service Ranger Rebecca Au and Price Sheppy as they take you step by step through building your own monarch butterfly kite to fly on Earth Day. You will also hear stories about the monarch butterfly and find out more about what you can do to help these beautiful animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/events/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>Monitoring Frogs in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 23 – Noon-1:30 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nLearn about the common and uncommon frogs you can see in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Join the conversation and find out about efforts to reintroduce and monitor the California red-legged frog, a threatened population in the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fortmason.org/event/flix/international-ocean-film-festival-2021-earth-day/\">\u003cstrong>International Ocean Film Festival (IOFF)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Drive-in Screening at Fort Mason Center For Arts & Culture\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 8:30-10:30 p.m.\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Tickets Required, $49 Per Vehicle\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIOFF is presenting a special screening of two of its 2021 award-winning films, “Ocean Souls” and “Whales in a Changing Ocean.” This screening is part of the 18th annual IOFF taking place virtually through May 2, showcasing more than 80 independent films, representing 17 countries, reflecting IOFF’s mission of restoring, protecting and balancing ocean biodiversity through independent films. If you can’t make it to the drive-in, these films are also screening virtually. Check out this year’s festival schedule at \u003ca href=\"http://www.IntlOceanFilmFest.org/\">IntlOceanFilmFest.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/events/146656235749\">KQED\u003cbr>\nOn Common Ground: Hyper-Local Climate Resilience\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 6 p.m., Free Virtual Event\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nMany people can adapt to climate change via migration, but for some, adaptation means finding the solutions to remain in place. KQED’s senior science editor, Katrin Snow, will moderate a conversation on how resiliency takes hold on a local level in two very different locations, Marin City and the Sierra Nevada. Special guests include: Terrie Harris-Green of Shore Up Marin City; Beth Rose Middleton Manning, professor and department chair of the Native American Studies Department at UC Davis; and guest reporter Janelle Marie Salanga, engagement reporting intern at the College Journalism Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/earth-day-2021\">\u003cstrong>National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 21-23 – Multiday, Free Virtual Events\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen you think of NASA, you might think of astronauts and missions to Mars. But NASA also has a variety of missions that focus on studying Earth, from sea level rise to hurricanes. NASA’s three-day Earth Day virtual event extravaganza features: Live presentations and chats with NASA Earth science experts; an interactive kid-friendly science fun zone with coloring and activity sheets; and Meet a Scientist videos. Plus, you can find out how you can be a scientist for NASA. There’s also an online scavenger hunt to kick off #GrowForLaunch, a chance to learn about plants grown in space and how you can start your own “space” garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandzoo.org/programs-and-events/earth-day\">\u003cstrong>Oakland Zoo\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earth Day Events\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22-25 – 10 a.m.-3:30p.m., Timed Tickets Required, $24-$20, Free Virtual Activities\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCelebrate animals and the planet and learn how to take action against the illegal wildlife trade. All guests must reserve a ticket for a specific date and entry time. Event highlights include an in-person scavenger hunt that will focus on animals that need saving from illegal wildlife trade. The zoo also has several online activities to help you act for the planet from the comfort of your own home, such as learning what plants attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies and hummingbirds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://browercenter.org/wsff-2021\">\u003cstrong>The David Brower Center\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Wild and Scenic Film Festival Earth Day 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>April 22 – 7 p.m., Tickets Required, General $25, Student $15, Group Rates Available \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Wild and Scenic Film Festival, organized by Citizens Climate Lobby Alameda County, the David Brower Center, Earth Island Institute, Green the Church, and Communities for a Better Environment, is hosting a virtual Earth Day screening with films that tell extraordinary stories of local and global front-line communities fighting for environmental justice and restoration. After the live event on the 22nd, all films will be available on-demand from April 23-27. Included with every ticket is an on-demand bonus session featuring five films about threatened wildlife and efforts to protect their habitats and save them from extinction. Get $5 off with this special code: WSFFDBC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1974013\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg\" alt=\"earthday_wsf\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman-.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman--160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/EarthDay_WSFF-dbc-page-Elephant-and-Woman--768x490.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Included with every ticket is an on-demand bonus session featuring five amazing films about threatened wildlife and efforts to protect their habitats and save them from extinction. \u003ccite>(Wild and Scenic Film Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Check your local event listings for additional Earth Day related community events in your neighborhood. And be sure to bookmark \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareascience.org\">bayareascience.org\u003c/a> for year-round science and environment events and festivals. Below is a reminder of a few things you can do to make every day Earth Day, courtesy of the \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/ocean/earthday.html\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1974014\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg\" alt=\"NOAAA\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/04/Earthday-infographic_NOAA2-768x481.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>Could this tiny creature, named after a mythical multiheaded monster, hold the secret to eternal youth? Related to jellyfish and anemones, the hydra has an almost otherworldly ability to heal itself and stave off aging.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Everything that lives, must one day die, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, maybe not everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider the hydra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s named after a many-headed monster from Greek mythology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chop off one head and two grow in its place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That myth isn’t too far from the real hydra’s death-defying abilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re cousins to jellyfish — see the resemblance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hydra live in freshwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its body is a hollow column with walls only two cells thick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its head is just a bunch of tentacles surrounding a mouth, no eyes or brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole thing is about as long as a grain of rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hungry hydra stretches out its tentacles to snag swimming prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microscopic harpoons hook the water flea, injecting it with paralyzing neurotoxins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, it’s down the hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hydra uses those nutrients to make more hydra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this bud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a clone sprouting right from the hydra’s side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydra can reproduce sexually too, but most often, they just clone themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A chip off the old block!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydra are constantly regenerating their own bodies too, replacing all of their cells every 20 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can do that because roughly half of the cells in their bodies are stem cells, which can develop into all the different types of specialized cells you need to build, or rebuild a body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stem cells only make up a tiny percentage of our bodies\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And our stem cells degrade over time — that’s why we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/h3>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003c/li>\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://juliano.faculty.ucdavis.edu/\">The Juliano Lab\u003c/a> at UC Davis studies regenerative biology, stem cells and the immortal hydra\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>As part of the \u003ca href=\"https://valelab.ucsf.edu/\">Vale Lab\u003c/a> at UCSF, Taylor Skokan studies the hydra’s ability to reorganize their cells and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdfExtended/S0960-9822(20)31027-7\">reassemble their body plan\u003c/a> from a disorganized aggregation of cells.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.faculty.uci.edu/profile.cfm?faculty_id=2387\">Robert Steele\u003c/a> studies hydra as a model system to investigate questions in developmental and evolutionary biology\u003c/li>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a hydra can make near-perfect copies of its stem cells … basically forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called non-senescence — biological immortality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having all those stem cells allows hydra to recover from all kinds of … damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All right, here we go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No body? Not to worry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No head? No problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as the chopped-off chunk has some stem cells, it’s ready to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, the severed head has a new body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the foot? It’s got a brand new head!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, they’ll both be as good as new … except for maybe some lingering trust issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test the limits of their ability to recover, researchers came up with an experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hydra is genetically engineered so that under ultraviolet light its exterior cells glow purple and interior ones glow green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists basically blend up a bunch of these hydra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving a heap of mixed-up cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right away, the cells start reorganizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those purple outer layer cells migrate out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cells from the inside squirm back into the center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hydra dumps cells from the interior to restore its hollow shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stem cells start dividing — and differentiating — to rebuild the rest of the animal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon a head starts to form, and sometimes a few little heads compete to be the new top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few tumultuous days what was once a mixed-up pile of cells takes on a familiar shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers hope to harness hydra’s ability to regenerate to someday slow human aging, or even regrow damaged organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe this tiny monster will one day show us the way to the mythical fountain of youth.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chop off one head and two grow in its place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That myth isn’t too far from the real hydra’s death-defying abilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re cousins to jellyfish — see the resemblance?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hydra live in freshwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its body is a hollow column with walls only two cells thick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its head is just a bunch of tentacles surrounding a mouth, no eyes or brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole thing is about as long as a grain of rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hungry hydra stretches out its tentacles to snag swimming prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microscopic harpoons hook the water flea, injecting it with paralyzing neurotoxins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, it’s down the hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hydra uses those nutrients to make more hydra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this bud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a clone sprouting right from the hydra’s side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydra can reproduce sexually too, but most often, they just clone themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A chip off the old block!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydra are constantly regenerating their own bodies too, replacing all of their cells every 20 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can do that because roughly half of the cells in their bodies are stem cells, which can develop into all the different types of specialized cells you need to build, or rebuild a body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stem cells only make up a tiny percentage of our bodies\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And our stem cells degrade over time — that’s why we age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/h3>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n\u003c/li>\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://juliano.faculty.ucdavis.edu/\">The Juliano Lab\u003c/a> at UC Davis studies regenerative biology, stem cells and the immortal hydra\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>As part of the \u003ca href=\"https://valelab.ucsf.edu/\">Vale Lab\u003c/a> at UCSF, Taylor Skokan studies the hydra’s ability to reorganize their cells and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdfExtended/S0960-9822(20)31027-7\">reassemble their body plan\u003c/a> from a disorganized aggregation of cells.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.faculty.uci.edu/profile.cfm?faculty_id=2387\">Robert Steele\u003c/a> studies hydra as a model system to investigate questions in developmental and evolutionary biology\u003c/li>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a hydra can make near-perfect copies of its stem cells … basically forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called non-senescence — biological immortality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having all those stem cells allows hydra to recover from all kinds of … damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All right, here we go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No body? Not to worry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No head? No problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as the chopped-off chunk has some stem cells, it’s ready to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, the severed head has a new body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the foot? It’s got a brand new head!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, they’ll both be as good as new … except for maybe some lingering trust issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test the limits of their ability to recover, researchers came up with an experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hydra is genetically engineered so that under ultraviolet light its exterior cells glow purple and interior ones glow green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists basically blend up a bunch of these hydra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving a heap of mixed-up cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right away, the cells start reorganizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those purple outer layer cells migrate out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cells from the inside squirm back into the center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hydra dumps cells from the interior to restore its hollow shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stem cells start dividing — and differentiating — to rebuild the rest of the animal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon a head starts to form, and sometimes a few little heads compete to be the new top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few tumultuous days what was once a mixed-up pile of cells takes on a familiar shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers hope to harness hydra’s ability to regenerate to someday slow human aging, or even regrow damaged organs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe this tiny monster will one day show us the way to the mythical fountain of youth.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these sections have a stow-away – a tiny moth larva that burrowed into the seed while it was still on the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larva devours the inside of the seed, hollowing out its new pad to make room for its growing body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next 8-10 months our squirmy friend lines the walls with a comfy layer of silk. Just enough air and moisture sneak in through tiny holes in the seed walls. It’s a cozy life. Except for the sweltering desert sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That heat can dry out and kill our sweet little larva. So, of course, it starts jumping. A few hops out of the sun can mean the difference between life and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For further information about Mexican jumping bean ecology and the life cycle of the Mexican jumping bean moth, \u003ca href=\"https://idtools.org/id/leps/tortai/Cydia_deshaisiana.htm\">check out this factsheet\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www2.palomar.edu/users/warmstrong/plaug97.htm\">this informative site with some frequently asked jumping bean questions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Hu, a researcher at Georgia Tech (whose lab footage we used in our episode), \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22573786/\">studied the locomotion of Mexican jumping beans\u003c/a>, suggesting \u003ca href=\"https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/lets-make-robots-from-everything-even-mexican-jumping-beans\">we may be able to use their ways of getting around to help us design small spherical robots\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, it’s got wheels – well sort of. The seed’s shape – with two flat sides and one curved – even allows the jumping beans to travel uphill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the larva is working hard. With its back legs, it grabs onto the silk lining and thrashes its head against the seed wall. The force topples the seed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think these headbangers aim themselves in the right direction using a finely-tuned sense of temperature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this experiment. One side of the pan is warmed by a heat lamp, the other cooled by an ice pack. Over time, the larvae move away from the heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not always a smooth trip. If the seed gets damaged, the larva springs into action, repairing holes with a dense patch of silk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the larva can’t stay in its comfort zone forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With sharp mandibles, it cuts a circular door in the seed wall. But it doesn’t open it. It’s doing its future self a favor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s done it turns into a pupa. And then transforms into an adult moth. It simply pushes itself through the pre-cut exit door – which is handy, because now its mandibles are gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The liberated moth has mere days, maybe a few weeks, to quickly mate and lay eggs before it dies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after all, freedom isn’t really what this animal lives for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most of life, it’s totally fine being a young larva trapped inside a seed, just hoping – and hopping – for a place in the shade.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>Female aphids are the matriarchs of a successful family operation — taking over your garden. But don’t lose hope; these pests have some serious predators and creepy parasites looking to take them down. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Got a plant? There’s probably an aphid for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re a nightmare for anyone growing veggies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are thousands of types, with all kinds of looks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they seem to pop up overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you know it they’re everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ugh!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pierce leaves and stems with their stylet, and suck out sugary sap, leaving the plant yellow and wilted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nAdditional Resources\u003c/p>\n\u003cli>Entomologist \u003ca href=\"https://entomology.ucdavis.edu/people/ian-grettenberger\">Ian Grettenberger\u003c/a> studies agricultural pests at UC Davis.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cemerced.ucanr.edu/about/contact/?facultyid=26917\">Jhalendra Rijal\u003c/a> is an integrative pest management advisor with UC Cooperative Extension in Modesto, Calif.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Information about garden and landscape pests like \u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7404.html\">aphids\u003c/a> comes from the UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program (UC IPM).\u003c/li>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they’re not particularly fast or well-armored … aphids are highly skilled at one thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the time they give birth to live young instead of laying eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s different from most other insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aw. She’s got her mother’s eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An aphid mom can push out five or six nymphs a day, sometimes more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she doesn’t need to find a mate to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the time, aphids just clone themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see the eyes of her clones growing inside her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here’s the really wild part …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her babies are born already pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a week or two, they’ll start giving birth to clones of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why it only takes a single aphid to infest your greenhouse or garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the buffet starts getting crowded and it looks like their food might run out, aphids switch gears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They produce a different kind of clone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See those light gray shoulder pads on the one on the right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They unfurl into wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yup, winged clones called alates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look different, but they’re still genetically identical to their mothers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they’re ready, the alates take to the air to search out new plants to colonize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gathering this big attracts some hungry party crashers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like this ladybug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So some aphids strike a deal … with ants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ants treat aphids like dairy cows, looking after them and guarding them from predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When these ranchers are thirsty, they tap on the aphids with their antennae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of milk, these ant ranchers are looking for a tall drink of sweet aphid honeydew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the sugary waste that comes out of an aphid’s uh, backside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So is there anything that can stop these aggravating … endlessly self-replicating pests?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some growers use oils or insecticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others sic even more predators on them, like lacewing larvae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or even unleash parasites like these wasps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The female wasp uses her sharp ovipositor to inject an egg into the slow-moving aphids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wasp egg inside hatches, the larva eats and eats, hollowing out its host and turning it into a little mummy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s ready, the adult wasp chews its way out to start the cycle again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tiny mummies are a gruesome sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re one that lets gardeners breathe a sigh of relief.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>What *is* that bizarre fishlike thing squirming in your sink at night? Firebrats and silverfish are pretty darn similar to some of the earliest insects on Earth. With three long filaments poking out their back, no wings and mini-me babies, they have something to teach us about survival.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the middle of the night, you walk into the bathroom. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \u003cem>is\u003c/em> that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s shaped like a fish and even has shimmering scales. But it also has legs – six of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This insect is a firebrat. Firebrats and their close relative the silverfish don’t come out of your drain, as it might seem. They just happened to wander into your sink and can’t climb out.\u003cbr>\nSorry, pal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They live in dark places, hiding in your walls … or a stack of newspapers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they’re near a source of warmth, all the better. They get the name firebrat from their attraction to heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7475.html\">Learn how to identify firebrats and silverfish\u003c/a> with this sheet prepared by the UC’s statewide integrated pest management program.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they like to live where they eat. This page could make a tasty meal. Firebrats and silverfish are the original bookworms: They love the books you keep meaning to open. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also love the cereal in your kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look closely. You’ll see traits some of the earliest insects had around 400 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take these three long filaments. The two outer ones are called cerci. They work like antennae, detecting chemicals and predators … like this house centipede.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other insects, like cockroaches, have a short pair of cerci.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But very few insects have this third one, called the median caudal filament. Its tiny hairs detect the faintest air currents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A firebrat is born as a mini version of itself. That’s rare for insects. This ancient way of developing is called ametaboly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s totally different than the metamorphosis an insect like a butterfly goes through, from caterpillar to pupa to adult. That’s called holometaboly. This complete transformation is an advantage: The caterpillar feeds on leaves; the adult, nectar. So, a butterfly doesn’t compete with its younger self for food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a firebrat does, sharing its food at every life stage. Luckily it can go months between meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the original insects, firebrats don’t grow wings. Most insects do. I mean, wings are useful: You can reach different kinds of food and steer clear of predators. The diversity of insects exploded when wings appeared. That’s why there’s hundreds of thousands of species of flies – yes, mosquitoes are flies – and only a few hundred species of firebrats and silverfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe you’re thinking, “Why didn’t firebrats just change to be more like other insects?” The thing is, evolving doesn’t mean an animal or plant keeps moving toward some ideal version of itself. All it has to do to survive is keep up a big-enough population. And firebrats have – for millions of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, as far as pests go, they’re not so bad. They don’t bite or sting. And they have enzymes in their gut that digest tough cellulose. One day we might even be able to harness those enzymes to make biofuels from plants. Not bad at all for an insect firmly set in its ways.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 3
},
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},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
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