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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/fisherman31.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>California’s commercial shellfish growers say there’s something fishy going on.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another mysterious fish die-off happened in a southern California harbor last week. Scientists are still trying to figure out what caused six tons of sardines to go belly-up in Ventura. Just six weeks ago something similar happened off Newport Beach. Those sardines tested positive for a neurotoxin caused by algae blooms. Meanwhile, commercial shellfish growers say they’re noticing some strange patterns with the algae as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A “depressing” problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernard Friedman \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbmariculture.com/\">grows oysters and mussels\u003c/a> about a mile off the coast of Santa Barbara. But he says over the last couple years, he says, something has been happening in the water that makes \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbmariculture.com/aboutpage.html\">what he does\u003c/a> nearly impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just so frequent now, it’s just sort of here we go again,” he says, with a grim laugh. “It’s depressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/algae3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Pseudonitzschia is the type of algae responsible for domoic acid, a neurotoxin.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman’s problem is something called domoic acid. It’s a neurotoxin that’s produced by a particular type of algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Friedman’s oysters and mussels get hit with a wave of domoic acid, he can’t harvest them, because the shellfish would make his customers sick. Friedman has nothing to sell. He says last year domoic acid cost his business about $30,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman thinks of himself as a canary in the coal mine, because out there in the ocean, he tends to see problems first. But scientists, like Raphael Kudela, a professor ocean sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz, are noticing the same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past eleven years, Kudela and his team have been driving down to the Santa Cruz Municipal Wharf once a week, to take water samples. Those samples get put under a microscope at the lab, back on campus. The team keeps detailed records of the kinds and amounts of algae they find. (All of this data – along with some very nice photos – is available \u003ca href=\"http://oceandatacenter.ucsc.edu/home/\">on their website\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[jwplayer config=”QUEST Audio Player” skin=”http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/themes/quest/glow.zip” file=”http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/04/2011-04-25-quest.mp3″ ]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/slideshow/toxic-algae-on-the-loose\">Toxic Algae on the Loose\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“Because we measure every week,” Kudela says, “we can watch the toxins coming and going and get a good idea of what’s going on in the water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of information is important because even though these toxins don’t seem to harm shellfish, they can make people very sick. A mild case of domoic acid can cause vomiting and diarrhea. At its worst: seizures and memory loss. Domoic acid also takes a big toll on sea lions. (Marin’s Marine Mammal Center is \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/science/top-research-projects/domoic-acid-toxicity.html\">on the frontlines\u003c/a> of this problem.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the state takes toxic algae very seriously, with about 50 different testing sites up and down California’s coast. Kudela says this statewide monitoring program is the reason that no one has gotten seriously ill here from shellfish in over half a century, even though they have in other states like Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These 2006 satellite images show algae blooms along the California coast. Red indicates high levels of chlorophyll; blue is low. This kind of data could one day help predict toxic algae events. (Credit: Yi Chao, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and Fei Chai, U. Maine.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/embed/MjikNhj9noM\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"480\" height=\"390\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An oceanic mystery\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But recently, Kudela and others have noticed something rather curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kudela says in the past, domoic acid levels were pretty predictable. “For a long time,” he says, “it would come and go. It would be here in the Spring, then go away and come back in the Fall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But about a year and a half ago, that pattern started to change. Kudela says over the last 13 months, pseudonitzchia, the algae that produces domoic acid, has been present in the water almost continuously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very unusual,” says Kudela.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of this, and other strange algae patterns up and down the coast, California’s Department of Public Health recently took an unusual step. Authorities issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR11-017.aspx\">their annual quarantine on sport-harvested mussels\u003c/a> a month earlier than in normal years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is not just a California problem. In fact, around the world, algae is growing in places it didn’t used to, at different times of the year than in the past. And what everyone wants to know is: Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As scientists, we want proof,” says Kudela. “We want to be able to say it’s this and it’s not that, and we can tell you why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you’re talking about the entire ocean, he says, the biology is so complicated that it’s just incredibly hard to tease out causes and effects. Still, there are some theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is that increasing amounts of sewage and agricultural waste are seeping into the ocean, making algae grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s climate change. The ocean is clearly becoming more acidic, thanks to the increase in carbon dioxide. So it’s not a stretch to wonder what effect warming temperatures could be having on algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that if you warm the ocean,” Kudela says, “some of these dangerous algae really love those conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists have only been sampling toxic algae for a few decades. Kudela says there’s just not enough data to make a definitive link between the algae blooms and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see evidence for that,” he says, “but people are very hesitant to say yes, that’s what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, all this speculation about causes isn’t much use to commercial harvesters, like Kevin Lunny, who runs Drakes Bay Oyster Company, out in Point Reyes. He says worrying about toxic algae is part of the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when you’re not thinking about, you need to be thinking about them a little.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunny’s crew tests for toxins at least once a week, first the water, and the meat of the oysters, themselves. Last year, they had to recall an entire shipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to verify that every single jar, bag of oysters, and account for every single one of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> With a little warning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, Lunny says he can see the ocean change color, which alerts him to the fact that an algae bloom has entered the bay. But this time, he had no warning at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raphael Kudela, at Santa Cruz, says there should be a way to predict when these blooms are coming. By using computer modeling and satellite images, they should be able to \u003ca href=\"http://calpreempt.ucsc.edu/\">give harvesters enough warning\u003c/a> that they could pull their products early, before the toxins hit. But that technology is several years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernard Friedman, down in Santa Barbara, says he doesn’t think he can wait that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What am I gonna do? I don’t know,” he says. “I’m looking for another source of income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>36.96246 -122.0233683\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/fisherman31.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>California’s commercial shellfish growers say there’s something fishy going on.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another mysterious fish die-off happened in a southern California harbor last week. Scientists are still trying to figure out what caused six tons of sardines to go belly-up in Ventura. Just six weeks ago something similar happened off Newport Beach. Those sardines tested positive for a neurotoxin caused by algae blooms. Meanwhile, commercial shellfish growers say they’re noticing some strange patterns with the algae as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A “depressing” problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernard Friedman \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbmariculture.com/\">grows oysters and mussels\u003c/a> about a mile off the coast of Santa Barbara. But he says over the last couple years, he says, something has been happening in the water that makes \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbmariculture.com/aboutpage.html\">what he does\u003c/a> nearly impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just so frequent now, it’s just sort of here we go again,” he says, with a grim laugh. “It’s depressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/algae3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Pseudonitzschia is the type of algae responsible for domoic acid, a neurotoxin.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman’s problem is something called domoic acid. It’s a neurotoxin that’s produced by a particular type of algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Friedman’s oysters and mussels get hit with a wave of domoic acid, he can’t harvest them, because the shellfish would make his customers sick. Friedman has nothing to sell. He says last year domoic acid cost his business about $30,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman thinks of himself as a canary in the coal mine, because out there in the ocean, he tends to see problems first. But scientists, like Raphael Kudela, a professor ocean sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz, are noticing the same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past eleven years, Kudela and his team have been driving down to the Santa Cruz Municipal Wharf once a week, to take water samples. Those samples get put under a microscope at the lab, back on campus. The team keeps detailed records of the kinds and amounts of algae they find. (All of this data – along with some very nice photos – is available \u003ca href=\"http://oceandatacenter.ucsc.edu/home/\">on their website\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[jwplayer config=”QUEST Audio Player” skin=”http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/themes/quest/glow.zip” file=”http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/04/2011-04-25-quest.mp3″ ]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/slideshow/toxic-algae-on-the-loose\">Toxic Algae on the Loose\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“Because we measure every week,” Kudela says, “we can watch the toxins coming and going and get a good idea of what’s going on in the water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of information is important because even though these toxins don’t seem to harm shellfish, they can make people very sick. A mild case of domoic acid can cause vomiting and diarrhea. At its worst: seizures and memory loss. Domoic acid also takes a big toll on sea lions. (Marin’s Marine Mammal Center is \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/science/top-research-projects/domoic-acid-toxicity.html\">on the frontlines\u003c/a> of this problem.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the state takes toxic algae very seriously, with about 50 different testing sites up and down California’s coast. Kudela says this statewide monitoring program is the reason that no one has gotten seriously ill here from shellfish in over half a century, even though they have in other states like Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>These 2006 satellite images show algae blooms along the California coast. Red indicates high levels of chlorophyll; blue is low. This kind of data could one day help predict toxic algae events. (Credit: Yi Chao, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and Fei Chai, U. Maine.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/embed/MjikNhj9noM\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"480\" height=\"390\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An oceanic mystery\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But recently, Kudela and others have noticed something rather curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kudela says in the past, domoic acid levels were pretty predictable. “For a long time,” he says, “it would come and go. It would be here in the Spring, then go away and come back in the Fall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But about a year and a half ago, that pattern started to change. Kudela says over the last 13 months, pseudonitzchia, the algae that produces domoic acid, has been present in the water almost continuously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very unusual,” says Kudela.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of this, and other strange algae patterns up and down the coast, California’s Department of Public Health recently took an unusual step. Authorities issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/Pages/NR11-017.aspx\">their annual quarantine on sport-harvested mussels\u003c/a> a month earlier than in normal years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is not just a California problem. In fact, around the world, algae is growing in places it didn’t used to, at different times of the year than in the past. And what everyone wants to know is: Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As scientists, we want proof,” says Kudela. “We want to be able to say it’s this and it’s not that, and we can tell you why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you’re talking about the entire ocean, he says, the biology is so complicated that it’s just incredibly hard to tease out causes and effects. Still, there are some theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is that increasing amounts of sewage and agricultural waste are seeping into the ocean, making algae grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s climate change. The ocean is clearly becoming more acidic, thanks to the increase in carbon dioxide. So it’s not a stretch to wonder what effect warming temperatures could be having on algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that if you warm the ocean,” Kudela says, “some of these dangerous algae really love those conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists have only been sampling toxic algae for a few decades. Kudela says there’s just not enough data to make a definitive link between the algae blooms and climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see evidence for that,” he says, “but people are very hesitant to say yes, that’s what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, all this speculation about causes isn’t much use to commercial harvesters, like Kevin Lunny, who runs Drakes Bay Oyster Company, out in Point Reyes. He says worrying about toxic algae is part of the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when you’re not thinking about, you need to be thinking about them a little.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lunny’s crew tests for toxins at least once a week, first the water, and the meat of the oysters, themselves. Last year, they had to recall an entire shipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to verify that every single jar, bag of oysters, and account for every single one of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> With a little warning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, Lunny says he can see the ocean change color, which alerts him to the fact that an algae bloom has entered the bay. But this time, he had no warning at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raphael Kudela, at Santa Cruz, says there should be a way to predict when these blooms are coming. By using computer modeling and satellite images, they should be able to \u003ca href=\"http://calpreempt.ucsc.edu/\">give harvesters enough warning\u003c/a> that they could pull their products early, before the toxins hit. But that technology is several years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernard Friedman, down in Santa Barbara, says he doesn’t think he can wait that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What am I gonna do? I don’t know,” he says. “I’m looking for another source of income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Removing the Guesswork Out of Sustainable Sushi",
"title": "Removing the Guesswork Out of Sustainable Sushi",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/resizedEdomaenigiri.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003cem>Unagi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>hamachi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>ebi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>sake\u003c/em>, \u003cem>shiromaguro\u003c/em>, \u003cem>ahi\u003c/em>....What do these names mean? If you are salivating just reading this, you know these popular Japanese sushi terms for eel (fresh water), yellowtail, shrimp, salmon, albacore tuna, and yellowfin tuna, respectively. The American appetite for sushi abounds. But which of these choices are sustainable to consume and which should be avoided? Which restaurants serve sustainable sushi? If you're retrieving your \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/download.aspx\">Seafood WATCH mobile phone app\u003c/a> (or your pocket guide), kudos to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/DragonRollresized.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Dragon Roll\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frequenting a sushi restaurant is an artful and unique dining experience. Ornate sushi boats, deft \u003cem>Itamaes\u003c/em> (sushi chefs), hand-thrown cups of hot green tea and colorful and dazzling plates of sushi delight all senses. Great care is taken in the creation of each dish. Even the names of dishes are artfully crafted, i.e. the \"Dragon,\" the \"Spider,\" the \"Rainbow\" and \"Alaska\" and serve to ontologize their presentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes as no surprise then that a discerning eye for the sustainability of these incredible edibles oftentimes is veiled by a sense of guilty pleasure. And even if you muster the courage to ask your \u003cem>Itamae\u003c/em> for the details of your \u003cem>maguro sashimi\u003c/em>, your \u003cem>Itamae\u003c/em> will often only be able to verify the species, cut, and grade of the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/seafoodwatch.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Seawatch Logo, Yellowfin Tuna\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nWhile a quick glance at the Monterrey Bay Aquarium's Seafood WATCH sushi guide steers consumers clear of \u003cem>unagi\u003c/em> and \u003cem>hamachi\u003c/em> sushi, other items, namely tuna, can be very difficult to ascertain for sustainability. The complexity arises in the way items are listed on the menu. Menu offerings do not always specify type of fish and exclude how the fish was harvested. Notably, the five species of tuna used for sushi, aka \u003cem>maguro\u003c/em>, (yellowfin, bigeye, bluefin, albacore, and skipjack) are each harvested in different parts of the world and vary greatly in the way their stocks are managed. Most threatened of them all is wild bluefin tuna, quintessentially referred to as \u003cem>toro\u003c/em> - the belly of the fish. Bluefin stocks are over 90% depleted from 1950's levels and should be avoided entirely. And unfortunately, only higher-end sushi restaurants offer their customers 'sustainably' (\u003ca href=\"http://www.slashfood.com/2010/04/16/is-kindai-tuna-sustainable/\">controversial\u003c/a>) farmed \u003cem>Kindai maguro\u003c/em>. Albacore (\"white tuna\" or \u003cem>shiromaguro\u003c/em>), if harvested properly, is a good alternative to bluefin. The best option includes albacore harvested from the U.S. or Canadian Pacific via \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx#pole\">troll or pole-and-lines\u003c/a>, though albacore harvested from Hawaii using a \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx#longline\">longline\u003c/a> is a good alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/iphone3.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Project FishMap iPhone App\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all of this complexity, how do you find sushi bars that offer sustainably harvested fish? Enter \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch/web/sfw_fishmap.aspx\">Project FishMap\u003c/a>, the latest addition to the Seafood WATCH iPhone app. Project FishMap, in the words of Humberto Kam is a \"crowdsourced effort to help people find ocean-friendly seafood, no matter where they live.\" People can tag restaurants and markets across the United States when they find ocean-friendly seafood. With Project FishMap, now not only can you search mobilely for sustainable sushi bars near you, you can also easily contribute content to the growing database of sustainable seafood restaurants and markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/300pxSalmon_nigiri.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Salmon Nigiri\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If no sustainable sushi bars exist in your area, have no fear! Also new to Seafood WATCH sushi guide: recommended alternatives to items on the “Avoid” list, and highlights of “Super Green” seafood that is heart-healthy, low in contaminants, and caught or farmed in ways that are good for the oceans. Also, from their website you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_sushi.aspx\">explore new flavors\u003c/a>, like arctic char (\u003cem>iwana\u003c/em>) and geoduck(\u003cem>mirugai\u003c/em>), from the \"Green List\" that you've never tried before. Before indulging in your next hedonistic sushi delight, consider \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainablesushi.net/\">informing yourself\u003c/a> about the fish you will inevitably be allured by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/resizedEdomaenigiri.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003cem>Unagi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>hamachi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>ebi\u003c/em>, \u003cem>sake\u003c/em>, \u003cem>shiromaguro\u003c/em>, \u003cem>ahi\u003c/em>....What do these names mean? If you are salivating just reading this, you know these popular Japanese sushi terms for eel (fresh water), yellowtail, shrimp, salmon, albacore tuna, and yellowfin tuna, respectively. The American appetite for sushi abounds. But which of these choices are sustainable to consume and which should be avoided? Which restaurants serve sustainable sushi? If you're retrieving your \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/download.aspx\">Seafood WATCH mobile phone app\u003c/a> (or your pocket guide), kudos to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/DragonRollresized.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Dragon Roll\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frequenting a sushi restaurant is an artful and unique dining experience. Ornate sushi boats, deft \u003cem>Itamaes\u003c/em> (sushi chefs), hand-thrown cups of hot green tea and colorful and dazzling plates of sushi delight all senses. Great care is taken in the creation of each dish. Even the names of dishes are artfully crafted, i.e. the \"Dragon,\" the \"Spider,\" the \"Rainbow\" and \"Alaska\" and serve to ontologize their presentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes as no surprise then that a discerning eye for the sustainability of these incredible edibles oftentimes is veiled by a sense of guilty pleasure. And even if you muster the courage to ask your \u003cem>Itamae\u003c/em> for the details of your \u003cem>maguro sashimi\u003c/em>, your \u003cem>Itamae\u003c/em> will often only be able to verify the species, cut, and grade of the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/seafoodwatch.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Seawatch Logo, Yellowfin Tuna\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nWhile a quick glance at the Monterrey Bay Aquarium's Seafood WATCH sushi guide steers consumers clear of \u003cem>unagi\u003c/em> and \u003cem>hamachi\u003c/em> sushi, other items, namely tuna, can be very difficult to ascertain for sustainability. The complexity arises in the way items are listed on the menu. Menu offerings do not always specify type of fish and exclude how the fish was harvested. Notably, the five species of tuna used for sushi, aka \u003cem>maguro\u003c/em>, (yellowfin, bigeye, bluefin, albacore, and skipjack) are each harvested in different parts of the world and vary greatly in the way their stocks are managed. Most threatened of them all is wild bluefin tuna, quintessentially referred to as \u003cem>toro\u003c/em> - the belly of the fish. Bluefin stocks are over 90% depleted from 1950's levels and should be avoided entirely. And unfortunately, only higher-end sushi restaurants offer their customers 'sustainably' (\u003ca href=\"http://www.slashfood.com/2010/04/16/is-kindai-tuna-sustainable/\">controversial\u003c/a>) farmed \u003cem>Kindai maguro\u003c/em>. Albacore (\"white tuna\" or \u003cem>shiromaguro\u003c/em>), if harvested properly, is a good alternative to bluefin. The best option includes albacore harvested from the U.S. or Canadian Pacific via \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx#pole\">troll or pole-and-lines\u003c/a>, though albacore harvested from Hawaii using a \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx#longline\">longline\u003c/a> is a good alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/iphone3.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Project FishMap iPhone App\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all of this complexity, how do you find sushi bars that offer sustainably harvested fish? Enter \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch/web/sfw_fishmap.aspx\">Project FishMap\u003c/a>, the latest addition to the Seafood WATCH iPhone app. Project FishMap, in the words of Humberto Kam is a \"crowdsourced effort to help people find ocean-friendly seafood, no matter where they live.\" People can tag restaurants and markets across the United States when they find ocean-friendly seafood. With Project FishMap, now not only can you search mobilely for sustainable sushi bars near you, you can also easily contribute content to the growing database of sustainable seafood restaurants and markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/300pxSalmon_nigiri.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Salmon Nigiri\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If no sustainable sushi bars exist in your area, have no fear! Also new to Seafood WATCH sushi guide: recommended alternatives to items on the “Avoid” list, and highlights of “Super Green” seafood that is heart-healthy, low in contaminants, and caught or farmed in ways that are good for the oceans. Also, from their website you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_sushi.aspx\">explore new flavors\u003c/a>, like arctic char (\u003cem>iwana\u003c/em>) and geoduck(\u003cem>mirugai\u003c/em>), from the \"Green List\" that you've never tried before. Before indulging in your next hedonistic sushi delight, consider \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainablesushi.net/\">informing yourself\u003c/a> about the fish you will inevitably be allured by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/land3002.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Under Governor Jerry Brown's proposed budget, state funding for the Williamson Act would be eliminated. Photo Credit: Jennifer Rusk\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After plenty of winter rain, the hills of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yololandandcattle.com/\">Yolo Land and Cattle Company\u003c/a> are especially green this year. That's a good thing, says owner Casey Stone, when you're raising grass-fed cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've become more grass farmers than cow farmers. You gotta manage the whole resource and whole package,\" says Stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone and I are driving through his 7500-acre ranch in Yolo County, about 30 miles west of Sacramento. \"These are some of our fall calvers out here,\" he says, pointing to just a few of his 700 Black Angus cattle, who, right now have fuzzy winter coats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There have only been a few families that have owned this ranch over the years since it was homesteaded back in the 1860s,\" he says. Stone's father started their cattle operation in the 1970s and he took advantage of \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/lca/Pages/Index.aspx\">the Williamson Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[jwplayer config=\"QUEST Audio Player\" skin=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/themes/quest/glow.zip\" file=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/02/2011-02-14-quest.mp3\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/land-preservation-on-the-chopping-block\">Land Preservation on the Chopping Block\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Here's how it works: in exchange for agreeing not to develop their land, the Stones pay lower property taxes on their ranch. The program was created in 1965 to preserve open space in California. Today, it covers more than half of the state's farm and ranchland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Governor Jerry Brown's proposed budget, state funding for the Williamson Act would be eliminated. \"I think people have taken it for granted up until recently cause it's always been something that's out there,\" says Stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone says the program helps keep many ranchers afloat, given the volatile cattle market. \"It's a very cyclical business. Eight years ago we were down in the dumps.\" Without the program, Stone expects his property taxes to jump 38 percent on the ranch. For his neighbors, he says, it could be higher and that creates pressure to subdivide the land. \"In this type of area, everyone wants a ranchette in the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Young, Yolo County Agricultural Commissioner, agrees. \"The ranchers are gonna by far be hit the hardest here. The pressure on them is going to be to cut this acreage apart and start to sell it off chunk by chunk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may not be much development pressure today, but Young expects it to come back as the economy rebounds. And since ranchers need a lot of land to raise cattle, higher taxes will hit them hard. \"Most farmers can't afford to pay those kind of taxes when it takes 40 acres for one cow/calf pair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties will also be in a tight spot, if the legislature passes Brown's budget. Since counties collect lower property taxes under the program, the state usually reimburses them for the lost funds. In Yolo County, that's supposed to be 1.3 million dollars a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, these days, all of California is facing some tough cuts, as Governor Brown said a few weeks ago. \"Do I like the choices we face? No, I don't like them. But after serious study of the options left by a 25 billion dollar deficit, the budget I proposed is the best that I can devise,\" he said in the State of the State address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Young says it would fall to the counties to decide if they can continue the conservation program without state support. \"Williamson Act is one of the best land conservation acts that's ever existed anywhere. So really this is a statewide issue. It shouldn't be on each individual county to decide that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Williamson Act isn't just something that ranchers care about. On Howard Ranch, a 12,000-acre cattle ranch in eastern Sacramento County, Jaymee Marty is standing next to what looks like a small pond. Marty is an ecologist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/california/\">the Nature Conservancy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A vernal pool is basically a season wetland and this is sort of a little hotspot of native diversity,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These small wetlands may not seem like much, but every spring, they only appear in California's grasslands. By summer, they're completely dried up. \"So you have you know hundreds of plant species that are found nowhere else in the world except in California in vernal pools.\" They're also home to species like ferry shrimp and tiger salamanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12179\" title=\"vernal-pool\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2-400x150.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cem>Two different vernal pools in Jaymee Marty's research. On the left is a pool that's been fenced off from cattle, while the pool on the right was left open. The fenced pool is choked with thatch and invasive weeds like Medusahead. Cattle have kept those plants down in the open pool, which Marty says is a more productive environment for tiger salamanders and other species that depend on these seasonal pools. Photos: Jaymee Marty and Jennifer Buck.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, Marty began a study to see if cattle were harming these tiny communities. \"I thought that I was going to find that some species were really going to lose out in a grazed grassland.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Marty found that cattle help create a better environment for vernal pools. There are types of grazing that are not good for the ecosystem, says Marty, but studies have shown that rangeland is an important habitat for raptors and other wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why the loss of more than 500,000 acres of California ranchland over the last quarter century is a concern. \"It's pretty shocking. Some counties have a lot more loss than others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that, says Marty, is where the Williamson Act comes in. \"Really the only reason that this grassland is in existence today is because it has been ranched, because people have been able to make a living off of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why she sees the Williamson Act as an important conservation tool in California. But in Sacramento, the act is competing with schools and health care for limited funding. Legislators are now holding budget hearings that will decide the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>38.623317 -122.02352\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/land3002.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Under Governor Jerry Brown's proposed budget, state funding for the Williamson Act would be eliminated. Photo Credit: Jennifer Rusk\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After plenty of winter rain, the hills of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yololandandcattle.com/\">Yolo Land and Cattle Company\u003c/a> are especially green this year. That's a good thing, says owner Casey Stone, when you're raising grass-fed cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've become more grass farmers than cow farmers. You gotta manage the whole resource and whole package,\" says Stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone and I are driving through his 7500-acre ranch in Yolo County, about 30 miles west of Sacramento. \"These are some of our fall calvers out here,\" he says, pointing to just a few of his 700 Black Angus cattle, who, right now have fuzzy winter coats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There have only been a few families that have owned this ranch over the years since it was homesteaded back in the 1860s,\" he says. Stone's father started their cattle operation in the 1970s and he took advantage of \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/lca/Pages/Index.aspx\">the Williamson Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[jwplayer config=\"QUEST Audio Player\" skin=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/themes/quest/glow.zip\" file=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/02/2011-02-14-quest.mp3\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/land-preservation-on-the-chopping-block\">Land Preservation on the Chopping Block\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #cecece;height: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Here's how it works: in exchange for agreeing not to develop their land, the Stones pay lower property taxes on their ranch. The program was created in 1965 to preserve open space in California. Today, it covers more than half of the state's farm and ranchland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Governor Jerry Brown's proposed budget, state funding for the Williamson Act would be eliminated. \"I think people have taken it for granted up until recently cause it's always been something that's out there,\" says Stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stone says the program helps keep many ranchers afloat, given the volatile cattle market. \"It's a very cyclical business. Eight years ago we were down in the dumps.\" Without the program, Stone expects his property taxes to jump 38 percent on the ranch. For his neighbors, he says, it could be higher and that creates pressure to subdivide the land. \"In this type of area, everyone wants a ranchette in the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Young, Yolo County Agricultural Commissioner, agrees. \"The ranchers are gonna by far be hit the hardest here. The pressure on them is going to be to cut this acreage apart and start to sell it off chunk by chunk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may not be much development pressure today, but Young expects it to come back as the economy rebounds. And since ranchers need a lot of land to raise cattle, higher taxes will hit them hard. \"Most farmers can't afford to pay those kind of taxes when it takes 40 acres for one cow/calf pair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties will also be in a tight spot, if the legislature passes Brown's budget. Since counties collect lower property taxes under the program, the state usually reimburses them for the lost funds. In Yolo County, that's supposed to be 1.3 million dollars a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, these days, all of California is facing some tough cuts, as Governor Brown said a few weeks ago. \"Do I like the choices we face? No, I don't like them. But after serious study of the options left by a 25 billion dollar deficit, the budget I proposed is the best that I can devise,\" he said in the State of the State address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Young says it would fall to the counties to decide if they can continue the conservation program without state support. \"Williamson Act is one of the best land conservation acts that's ever existed anywhere. So really this is a statewide issue. It shouldn't be on each individual county to decide that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Williamson Act isn't just something that ranchers care about. On Howard Ranch, a 12,000-acre cattle ranch in eastern Sacramento County, Jaymee Marty is standing next to what looks like a small pond. Marty is an ecologist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/california/\">the Nature Conservancy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A vernal pool is basically a season wetland and this is sort of a little hotspot of native diversity,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These small wetlands may not seem like much, but every spring, they only appear in California's grasslands. By summer, they're completely dried up. \"So you have you know hundreds of plant species that are found nowhere else in the world except in California in vernal pools.\" They're also home to species like ferry shrimp and tiger salamanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12179\" title=\"vernal-pool\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/vernal-pool2-400x150.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cem>Two different vernal pools in Jaymee Marty's research. On the left is a pool that's been fenced off from cattle, while the pool on the right was left open. The fenced pool is choked with thatch and invasive weeds like Medusahead. Cattle have kept those plants down in the open pool, which Marty says is a more productive environment for tiger salamanders and other species that depend on these seasonal pools. Photos: Jaymee Marty and Jennifer Buck.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, Marty began a study to see if cattle were harming these tiny communities. \"I thought that I was going to find that some species were really going to lose out in a grazed grassland.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Marty found that cattle help create a better environment for vernal pools. There are types of grazing that are not good for the ecosystem, says Marty, but studies have shown that rangeland is an important habitat for raptors and other wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why the loss of more than 500,000 acres of California ranchland over the last quarter century is a concern. \"It's pretty shocking. Some counties have a lot more loss than others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that, says Marty, is where the Williamson Act comes in. \"Really the only reason that this grassland is in existence today is because it has been ranched, because people have been able to make a living off of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why she sees the Williamson Act as an important conservation tool in California. But in Sacramento, the act is competing with schools and health care for limited funding. Legislators are now holding budget hearings that will decide the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>38.623317 -122.02352\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Five Environmental Resolutions for the New Year",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/01/farmersmarket1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Picking up local produce at the farmers’ market—that’s my kind of New Year’s resolution. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/mazarines/\">Mazarine\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I’m kind of a sucker for New Year’s resolutions. Every January, I make a list. (Sometimes, I don’t even wait for January—I just like the opportunity for improvement. And I like lists.) Here are my environmental resolutions for 2011. Some of you might think these a bit lazy, but as a person who has made a lot of unrealistic (and unrealized) resolutions over the years, I only want to share the resolutions I know I can keep!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Go on an energy diet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nA few years ago, I read an article in the New York Times in which the author tries to cut his annual CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub> emissions by half a ton—roughly five percent of his yearly carbon “weight.” He makes several easy changes, all of which he accomplishes in under 8 hours. For example, he turns down the thermostat, washes his clothes in cold water, asks retailers to stop sending him catalogs, and swaps out some incandescent bulbs for C.F.L.s. He overshoots his goal of half a ton of CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub>, with minimal effort. This article has really stuck in my mind, because these changes are so easy to make. I’m going to revisit this article, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/05/garden/05green.html\">The Energy Diet\u003c/a>, and cut some carbon from my waistline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Track my energy usage—and respond accordingly\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPG&E just installed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/myhome/customerservice/smartmeter/howitworks/\">SmartMeter\u003c/a> at my home. Once it’s connected to the network (it will take a few months), I’ll be able to track my hourly energy usage. I want to do little experiments to figure out which of my appliances are energetically expensive. I’ll be able to see how much energy I save by turning off my computer at night, rather than putting it to sleep. I can swap out light bulbs and see if the savings are significant. I’m looking forward to doing nerdy energy experiments and seeing my energy usage drop! All PG&E customers should have a SmartMeter by mid-2012. To learn more about SmartMeters, check PG&E’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/smartmeter/\">website\u003c/a>, and watch QUEST’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/climate-watch-unlocking-the-grid\">Climate Watch: Unlocking the Grid\u003c/a>. And for some of the controversy about SmartMeters, take a look at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2010/06/13/dumbfounded-by-smartmeters/\">this post\u003c/a> on the Climate Watch blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Eat local\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAs food is transported across the country (or across the globe), CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub> is emitted. These \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_miles\">food miles\u003c/a> can really rack up. This year, I want to buy more food from local farms at my \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/greengate/guides/markets.asp\">neighborhood farmers’ market\u003c/a>. I might even add a \u003ca href=\"http://www.localharvest.org/csa/\">Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)\u003c/a> box to the mix. This resolution has a few great by-products: supporting the local economy, spending fun mornings at the farmers’ market with friends, and eating many tasty meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Get more informed about the environment\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nI read the newspaper, and I peruse a handful of blogs; my favorites are \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/\">Climate Watch\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/\">Dot Earth\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/\">Green\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/\">treehugger\u003c/a>. But I can always read more! What are your favorite sources for environmental news and commentary?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Get outside\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis resolution has nothing to do with reducing my carbon footprint. I just want to breathe some fresh air and enjoy the outdoors. I’ll ride my bike, hike some new trails, and eat my lunch outside when it’s sunny. After all this work to preserve the environment—I might as well enjoy it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8793 -122.245\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/01/farmersmarket1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Picking up local produce at the farmers’ market—that’s my kind of New Year’s resolution. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/mazarines/\">Mazarine\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I’m kind of a sucker for New Year’s resolutions. Every January, I make a list. (Sometimes, I don’t even wait for January—I just like the opportunity for improvement. And I like lists.) Here are my environmental resolutions for 2011. Some of you might think these a bit lazy, but as a person who has made a lot of unrealistic (and unrealized) resolutions over the years, I only want to share the resolutions I know I can keep!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Go on an energy diet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nA few years ago, I read an article in the New York Times in which the author tries to cut his annual CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub> emissions by half a ton—roughly five percent of his yearly carbon “weight.” He makes several easy changes, all of which he accomplishes in under 8 hours. For example, he turns down the thermostat, washes his clothes in cold water, asks retailers to stop sending him catalogs, and swaps out some incandescent bulbs for C.F.L.s. He overshoots his goal of half a ton of CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub>, with minimal effort. This article has really stuck in my mind, because these changes are so easy to make. I’m going to revisit this article, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/05/garden/05green.html\">The Energy Diet\u003c/a>, and cut some carbon from my waistline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Track my energy usage—and respond accordingly\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPG&E just installed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/myhome/customerservice/smartmeter/howitworks/\">SmartMeter\u003c/a> at my home. Once it’s connected to the network (it will take a few months), I’ll be able to track my hourly energy usage. I want to do little experiments to figure out which of my appliances are energetically expensive. I’ll be able to see how much energy I save by turning off my computer at night, rather than putting it to sleep. I can swap out light bulbs and see if the savings are significant. I’m looking forward to doing nerdy energy experiments and seeing my energy usage drop! All PG&E customers should have a SmartMeter by mid-2012. To learn more about SmartMeters, check PG&E’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/smartmeter/\">website\u003c/a>, and watch QUEST’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/climate-watch-unlocking-the-grid\">Climate Watch: Unlocking the Grid\u003c/a>. And for some of the controversy about SmartMeters, take a look at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2010/06/13/dumbfounded-by-smartmeters/\">this post\u003c/a> on the Climate Watch blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Eat local\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAs food is transported across the country (or across the globe), CO\u003csub>2\u003c/sub> is emitted. These \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_miles\">food miles\u003c/a> can really rack up. This year, I want to buy more food from local farms at my \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/greengate/guides/markets.asp\">neighborhood farmers’ market\u003c/a>. I might even add a \u003ca href=\"http://www.localharvest.org/csa/\">Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)\u003c/a> box to the mix. This resolution has a few great by-products: supporting the local economy, spending fun mornings at the farmers’ market with friends, and eating many tasty meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Get more informed about the environment\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nI read the newspaper, and I peruse a handful of blogs; my favorites are \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/\">Climate Watch\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/\">Dot Earth\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/\">Green\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/\">treehugger\u003c/a>. But I can always read more! What are your favorite sources for environmental news and commentary?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Get outside\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis resolution has nothing to do with reducing my carbon footprint. I just want to breathe some fresh air and enjoy the outdoors. I’ll ride my bike, hike some new trails, and eat my lunch outside when it’s sunny. After all this work to preserve the environment—I might as well enjoy it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8793 -122.245\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Feeling Crabby? Dungeness Crab Season Is Upon Us",
"title": "Feeling Crabby? Dungeness Crab Season Is Upon Us",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/crab300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Got Crabs? It's opening day for San Francisco’s favorite crustacean: the Dungeness crab.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Got Crabs? Dungeness Crab: San Francisco’s Favorite Crustacean.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Giants, the Golden Gate Bridge and the Crab of Fisherman’s Wharf - these images are all icons of the City by the Bay. Of the three listed, the crab fishery surpasses all in age, and rival the others in importance to our heritage and history. From the Italian Feluccas who founded Fisherman’s Wharf to the current skippers of family owned crab boats, the \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Dungeness crab\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungeness_crab\" rel=\"wikipedia\">Dungeness crab\u003c/a> fishery defines our maritime heritage. Today, the local crab fishery is the single-most important commercial fishery left to our local fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week I joined a crew and went crab fishing. A small chop crossed the bar. With the summer fog gone, the day was bright and clear. Backing the small vessel to the blue and white buoy, Captain Steve Shirley leans over and snags the buoy among others of various colors just ten yards from Baker Beach. Grunting with exertion, Steve hands over hands sixty feet of polypropylene yellow rope. Eventually a large round cage emerges from the brine and heaving the cage aboard, fifteen crabs squirm inside the mesh. “Nice haul!” Steve grins and taking a metal gauge measures the width of the shell and sorts the crabs. To protect fisheries, \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/marine/mapregs5.asp#crab_open\">California requires fishermen to return small crabs and females back to the ocean\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On opening day last week (following a shark tagging trip), I joined my colleagues of Team Fish Finder on the Tiburon and helped pull traps off Baker Beach. In truth, having an interest to make a documentary on local fisheries, I malingered and filmed the whole affair. Steve and his crew hauled several more traps, some disappointing, and others containing several legal sized crabs. Fishing seasons are built around the “3 S’s”: size, sex and season. The males with shells over 6.25 inches in width went into the cooler as the smalls, fresh molts and all females went back into the water. We also pulled in the smaller rock crabs that Steve returned to the water. The traps - or pots as they are called - are composed of wire mesh, equipped with an odorous mixture of fish guts and heads and two doors sized to allow big crabs in I but small crabs out. With an average haul, we steamed back beneath the Golden Gate Bridge, joining a fleet of small boats heading home with the first season’s crabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabs are based not only on size but also the fullness or fat content. The test crabs are looking a little thin so the California Fish and Game delayed opening the commercial season for the Central Coast region until today. While we are thinking of fresh cracked crab or a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_Louie\">Crab Louie\u003c/a>, the commercial fisherman depending on a good haul for most of their annual income are likely wondering, \"Will it be good year?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a cyclical fishery and important economically. In the last ten years, San Francisco’s open-ocean crab catch has varied from a high of six million pounds in 2009-2008 to a 10-year low of 1.1 million in 1999-2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1.1 million tons of Dungeness crab harvested off the coast of San Francisco was less than one-third of the average annual local catch recorded over the past decade, Department of Fish and Game figures show. However, last year’s catch rebounded to 14.7 million tons worth 33 million dollars. With the salmon closure and the crash of the herring population crab season has grown increasingly important for Bay Area fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s the Pots. Out-of Town Fishermen Impacting Local Fishery\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more complicated issues than seasonal variability affecting the local fishery. Aside from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/oil-spill-anniversary\">Cosco Busan disaster\u003c/a> seriously impacting the fishery in 2007, there are regulatory and market forces at work. The Central California crab season opens two weeks earlier than in Oregon and Washington State and both those states have large commercial crab fishing vessels who can set hundreds of traps at a set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These larger vessels steam down and fish the season opener in the Bay (typically the best haul of crabs), and return with full holds to fish their own opener. While some sell locally and lower the price by saturating the market, still others are fishing heavily and offloading in the northern ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Washington and Oregon, California has no limits on the number of traps or pots that each boat can set, meaning that the large boats can catch huge amounts of crab in just a few days. The best quality crab is a live crab. The crabs caught in the large vessels sit in a hold and are off loaded damaged, dead and dying. Where our local industry is small and family owned, fishing each day and providing fresh crab to local buyers, the large boats can stay out for days in rough weather and get 30,000 to 50,000 pounds per trip. Much of this crab is exported and canned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the increased pressure on the crab population, there are other problems introduced by the increased number of pots. The opener has the best catch, creating a race to fish. This forces the smaller boats to put themselves at greater risk in an already dangerous fishery. Also, despite built-in design for small crabs or other animals to escape, pots break loose in storms becoming “ghost traps” which keep fishing and killing crabs without potential to recover. Mariners also are concerned that the large numbers of pots are a navigation hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Dungeness Crab Task Force: Legislation to Limit Crab Pots\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local crabbers would like to see a limit on traps set. In recent years two bills have been passed to limit the number of traps but were vetoed by the Governor. Currently, there is new hope that a solution may be coming. State Senator Pat Wiggins (Second District representing North Bay to Eureka) has authored legislation (\u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/project_pages/dctf/sb_1690_bill_20080930_chaptered.pdf\">SB1690\u003c/a>) establishing a \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/2009/04/dungeness-crab-task-force/\">Dungeness Crab Task Force\u003c/a>. Composed of crabbers and crab processors from around California, the task force has made several recommendations including limiting pot limits, pot design and other measures to help local fishermen. The task force proposed additional amendments to the pending legislation which will impact pot limit proposals. Until this legislation works its way through committees and is signed by the governor these limits will not be in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the loss of salmon, rock cod, halibut and tuna, our local fleet depend on a healthy crab fishery to maintain their livelihood and the fishing heritage of San Francisco. Until limitations are applied, our local crabbers will be setting pots alongside the larger out-of-state vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the legislation makes its way through committees, we can support our local fishermen by buying fresh local crab in season only from local boats or from local fishmongers who purchase directly from San Francisco Bay fishermen. Like all seafood choices, we should avoid buying unsustainable seafood from large warehouse chains (starts with a C- ends with an o) and question where our fish comes from and how it was caught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7699 -122.467174\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/crab300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Got Crabs? It's opening day for San Francisco’s favorite crustacean: the Dungeness crab.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Got Crabs? Dungeness Crab: San Francisco’s Favorite Crustacean.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Giants, the Golden Gate Bridge and the Crab of Fisherman’s Wharf - these images are all icons of the City by the Bay. Of the three listed, the crab fishery surpasses all in age, and rival the others in importance to our heritage and history. From the Italian Feluccas who founded Fisherman’s Wharf to the current skippers of family owned crab boats, the \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Dungeness crab\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungeness_crab\" rel=\"wikipedia\">Dungeness crab\u003c/a> fishery defines our maritime heritage. Today, the local crab fishery is the single-most important commercial fishery left to our local fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week I joined a crew and went crab fishing. A small chop crossed the bar. With the summer fog gone, the day was bright and clear. Backing the small vessel to the blue and white buoy, Captain Steve Shirley leans over and snags the buoy among others of various colors just ten yards from Baker Beach. Grunting with exertion, Steve hands over hands sixty feet of polypropylene yellow rope. Eventually a large round cage emerges from the brine and heaving the cage aboard, fifteen crabs squirm inside the mesh. “Nice haul!” Steve grins and taking a metal gauge measures the width of the shell and sorts the crabs. To protect fisheries, \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/marine/mapregs5.asp#crab_open\">California requires fishermen to return small crabs and females back to the ocean\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On opening day last week (following a shark tagging trip), I joined my colleagues of Team Fish Finder on the Tiburon and helped pull traps off Baker Beach. In truth, having an interest to make a documentary on local fisheries, I malingered and filmed the whole affair. Steve and his crew hauled several more traps, some disappointing, and others containing several legal sized crabs. Fishing seasons are built around the “3 S’s”: size, sex and season. The males with shells over 6.25 inches in width went into the cooler as the smalls, fresh molts and all females went back into the water. We also pulled in the smaller rock crabs that Steve returned to the water. The traps - or pots as they are called - are composed of wire mesh, equipped with an odorous mixture of fish guts and heads and two doors sized to allow big crabs in I but small crabs out. With an average haul, we steamed back beneath the Golden Gate Bridge, joining a fleet of small boats heading home with the first season’s crabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabs are based not only on size but also the fullness or fat content. The test crabs are looking a little thin so the California Fish and Game delayed opening the commercial season for the Central Coast region until today. While we are thinking of fresh cracked crab or a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_Louie\">Crab Louie\u003c/a>, the commercial fisherman depending on a good haul for most of their annual income are likely wondering, \"Will it be good year?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a cyclical fishery and important economically. In the last ten years, San Francisco’s open-ocean crab catch has varied from a high of six million pounds in 2009-2008 to a 10-year low of 1.1 million in 1999-2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1.1 million tons of Dungeness crab harvested off the coast of San Francisco was less than one-third of the average annual local catch recorded over the past decade, Department of Fish and Game figures show. However, last year’s catch rebounded to 14.7 million tons worth 33 million dollars. With the salmon closure and the crash of the herring population crab season has grown increasingly important for Bay Area fishermen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s the Pots. Out-of Town Fishermen Impacting Local Fishery\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more complicated issues than seasonal variability affecting the local fishery. Aside from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/oil-spill-anniversary\">Cosco Busan disaster\u003c/a> seriously impacting the fishery in 2007, there are regulatory and market forces at work. The Central California crab season opens two weeks earlier than in Oregon and Washington State and both those states have large commercial crab fishing vessels who can set hundreds of traps at a set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These larger vessels steam down and fish the season opener in the Bay (typically the best haul of crabs), and return with full holds to fish their own opener. While some sell locally and lower the price by saturating the market, still others are fishing heavily and offloading in the northern ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Washington and Oregon, California has no limits on the number of traps or pots that each boat can set, meaning that the large boats can catch huge amounts of crab in just a few days. The best quality crab is a live crab. The crabs caught in the large vessels sit in a hold and are off loaded damaged, dead and dying. Where our local industry is small and family owned, fishing each day and providing fresh crab to local buyers, the large boats can stay out for days in rough weather and get 30,000 to 50,000 pounds per trip. Much of this crab is exported and canned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides the increased pressure on the crab population, there are other problems introduced by the increased number of pots. The opener has the best catch, creating a race to fish. This forces the smaller boats to put themselves at greater risk in an already dangerous fishery. Also, despite built-in design for small crabs or other animals to escape, pots break loose in storms becoming “ghost traps” which keep fishing and killing crabs without potential to recover. Mariners also are concerned that the large numbers of pots are a navigation hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Dungeness Crab Task Force: Legislation to Limit Crab Pots\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local crabbers would like to see a limit on traps set. In recent years two bills have been passed to limit the number of traps but were vetoed by the Governor. Currently, there is new hope that a solution may be coming. State Senator Pat Wiggins (Second District representing North Bay to Eureka) has authored legislation (\u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/project_pages/dctf/sb_1690_bill_20080930_chaptered.pdf\">SB1690\u003c/a>) establishing a \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/2009/04/dungeness-crab-task-force/\">Dungeness Crab Task Force\u003c/a>. Composed of crabbers and crab processors from around California, the task force has made several recommendations including limiting pot limits, pot design and other measures to help local fishermen. The task force proposed additional amendments to the pending legislation which will impact pot limit proposals. Until this legislation works its way through committees and is signed by the governor these limits will not be in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the loss of salmon, rock cod, halibut and tuna, our local fleet depend on a healthy crab fishery to maintain their livelihood and the fishing heritage of San Francisco. Until limitations are applied, our local crabbers will be setting pots alongside the larger out-of-state vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the legislation makes its way through committees, we can support our local fishermen by buying fresh local crab in season only from local boats or from local fishmongers who purchase directly from San Francisco Bay fishermen. Like all seafood choices, we should avoid buying unsustainable seafood from large warehouse chains (starts with a C- ends with an o) and question where our fish comes from and how it was caught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/hayes-valley-farm.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Hayes Valley Farm blooms in an abandoned concrete space; it is a 2.2 acre non-profit community run farm and urban agriculture education and research project.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I live in Hayes Valley and there has been a transformation a few blocks down from where I live. The square surrounded by the streets of Oak, Octavia, Fell and Laguna used to be an ugly site. It has been a closed overpass since traffic was diverted to Octavia Boulevard. Now, Hayes Valley Farm blooms in this once abandoned concrete space – it is a 2.2 acre non-profit community run farm and urban agriculture education and research project that was given funding by the city and the San Francisco Parks Trust. It opened its gates to the community on January 24, 2010. It is open to the public and volunteers on Thursdays and Sundays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mission of Hayes Valley Farm, as stated on their website, “is to serve as a community and agricultural hub encouraging San Francisco residents to connect with one another, grow their own food, and learn about sustainable ecological systems.” Using a system of permaculture, the farm uses strategies for urban farming such as “using minimal inputs, upcycling local waste, replenishing the landscape, and maximizing community involvement and resources.” For example, the first thing done at the farm was to revitalize the soil through sheet mulching. “Sheet-mulching is a technique to build new, fertile soil. Cardboard is laid down to cover ivy and weeds and suppress their growth. It also prevents soil disturbance, absorbs water, and retains moisture”. After the cardboard is laid down, volunteers and farm staff add layers of manure and mulch three to four feet deep. Fava beans and clover are then planted to fix nitrogren in the soil which in turn balances out the carbon rich cardboard and mulch. The manure and mulch then transform into new rich soil that breaks down the cardboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planting the Fava bean and clovers waere just the first step in the growing cycle at Hayes Valley Farm. Now produce such as squash, leafy greens, potatoes, and herbs are being grown. All the varieties of produce being planted grow well is San Francisco’s cool coastal climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a community organization, Hayes Valley Farm is asking the community for support. Their starting grant and funding has gotten them this far but they are now trying to raise $20,600 by Sunday, November 14 as a party of a Kickstarter campaign. They have already raised $12,112. Money for the campaign goes to the following: bringing in urban kids for the day to the farm to learn where there food is coming from and introduce them to organic produce, pay for volunteer coordinators that facilitate between 50 to 100 community volunteers, and purchasing needed material and supplies for maintaining the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since opening the gates, volunteers and community participants have volunteered over 16,000 hours and 800 cubic yards of organic material and 88,000 pounds of cardboard has been diverted from landfill and instead been transformed into fertile soil in a beautiful farm in the middle of San Francisco. If you would like to keep this wonderful farm going you can make a \u003ca href=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/hayesvalleyfarm/hayes-valley-farm-a-freeway-food-forest-and-educat\">donation on their website\u003c/a> or learn about how to get involved by visiting www.hayesvalleyfarm.com/visit.html.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7699 -122.467174\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/corn-kqed.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Kids at schools with the School Lunch Initiative ate more vegetables, fruits and demonstrated greater knowledge of nutrition and health.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.schoollunchinitiative.org/downloads/sli_eval_full_report_2010.pdf\">report\u003c/a> issued by scientists from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CBIQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcwh.berkeley.edu%2F&ei=6Fe2TO7BLYL3nAe0jL1q&usg=AFQjCNE274ls5eo8Z_OkSMTHp9bJ_DlCOA&sig2=ufpEcQow_lFuCuc27AVwug\">Atkins Center for Weight and Health at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> examined the impact of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CBwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.schoollunchinitiative.org%2F&ei=_1e2TJahKKDqnQePjPCADQ&usg=AFQjCNEyBjwgCbJkzbm0QINtj6ocmWv6dw&sig2=XxfLUmSxURA8YKyjCCl_Yw\">School Lunch Initiative\u003c/a> (SLI) on the eating behaviors of children transitioning from elementary school to middle school. The SLI is sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chezpanissefoundation.org/\">Chez Panisse Foundation\u003c/a>, founded in 1996 by \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Alice Waters\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Waters\" rel=\"wikipedia\">Alice Waters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SLI is a system-wide program that includes cooking and gardening classes, integration of school lunch with food and nutrition curriculum, and improvements in campus food and dining services. The report examined the eating behavior of children at schools enriched with the SLI compared with children at schools with similar foods but without the program. The research followed fourth and fifth graders for three years to see the effects of the program during the transition from elementary school to middle school, since this is a time when healthy eating often deteriorates in children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report, SLI may have the potential to reverse the deterioration of healthy eating habits that children typically exhibit as they transition to adolescence. Compared with children in control schools, kids at schools with the SLI ate more vegetables, fruits and demonstrated greater knowledge of nutrition and health. Students in the SLI also showed greater preference for vegetables, particularly green leafy vegetables. Over the same period, children in schools without the SLI decreased their intake of fruits and vegetables both in and out of school. These trends were still apparent one year after completion of the SLI, when the students were in seventh grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report is the first examination of the effectiveness of integrated school lunch programs on the healthy eating behaviors of children over an extended period. With the growing epidemic of \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/obesity/\">childhood obesity\u003c/a>, comprehensive school lunch programs have tremendous potential to improve the health and habits of developing children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though \u003ca class=\"zem_slink\" title=\"Body mass index\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_mass_index\" rel=\"wikipedia\">body mass index (BMI)\u003c/a> improvements were not found in the current study, small sample size and measurement limitations may have made changes statistically undetectable. Since the trends observed in the eating habits of children in the SLI would predict a decreased risk for obesity, further studies are warranted to pursue the value of the program for improving health and body weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the recent attention on the importance of school lunch programs (October 11-15 has been declared \u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os_gAC9-wMJ8QY0MDpxBDA09nXw9DFxcXQ-cAA_1wkA5kFaGuQBXeASbmnu4uBgbe5hB5AxzA0UDfzyM_N1W_IDs7zdFRUREAZXAypA!!/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfUDhNVlZMVDMxMEJUMTBJQ01IMURERDFDUDA!/?contentidonly=true&contentid=2010/10/0512.xml\">National School Lunch Week by the USDA\u003c/a>), data on programs like SLI will be critical and could serve as a model for more broad government programs to improve nutrition at schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.880036 -122.268551\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/4-47Seeds_300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the summer growing season winds down, most backyard gardeners are harvesting the last few cherry tomatoes and basil leaves out of their gardens. Seeds, on the other hand, are something few gardeners gather anymore.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture. Farmers select their best crops, save the seeds and use them for the next growing season. Today, most backyard gardeners opt for buying seed packets or seedlings at the garden store. But a handful of Bay Area groups are working to create local seed saving networks, where local gardeners can learn to save seeds and share them. The idea is that, over time, the projects will develop plants that are specially suited for the Bay Area’s unique microclimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, seed saving isn’t quite as simple as it seems. With plants like bean and tomatoes that largely self-pollinate, the seeds you save will most likely look their their parents. Other plants are a little more promiscuous. If you grow several kinds of squash, for example, or your neighbor is growing a different kind of squash, a few insects can cross-pollinate those plants. Those seed may sprout something surprising next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mat Rogers of the Backyard Seed Vault recommends keeping it simple: start with plants that have easily saved seeds and work your way up. And don’t forget that gardening is always an experiment. Here are a few local resources:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/backyard-seed-vault\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Backyard Seed Vault’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/seed-saving-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">seed saving resources\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richmond Grow Seed Lending Library’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/new-to-seed-saving.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">easy and difficult seeds\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ecologycenter.org/basil/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Bay Area Seed Interchange Library\u003c/a> in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Other \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/sister-libraries.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local seed libraries\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.seedsavers.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seed Savers Exchange\u003c/a>, a national network\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/09/17/reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/radio_icon_light2.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">Listen to the Backyard Seed Banks\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.93553 -122.34368\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/Sardines1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem> Pacific sardines at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/adventuresinlibrarianship/\">Adventures in Librarianship\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- @font-face { font-family: \"Times\"; }@font-face { font-family: \"Cambria\"; }@font-face { font-family: \"TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT\"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; }p { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; } -->It’s back to school—for students, and for Pacific sardines. Pacific sardines, \u003cem>Sardinops sagax,\u003c/em> were once wildly abundant along the coast of California, Oregon, and Washington. From the 1920s to through the 1940s, they supported the largest fishery in the United States—millions were caught in and around Monterey Bay. (In fact, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/default.asp?c=tn\">Monterey Bay Aquarium\u003c/a> was once a sardine canning factory.) Though the Pacific sardine population crashed in the mid-1940s, it’s on the rise again.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While overfishing may have played a role in the population crash in the 1940s, oceanographic conditions were also very influential. The size of the Pacific sardine population fluctuates; their numbers increase when water is warm, and decrease when water is cold. This has been happening for quite some time; fish scales from sediments in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mbari.org/data/mapping/SBBasin/basin.htm\">Santa Barbara Basin\u003c/a> show that the sardines have been going through a boom-and-bust cycle for the past 1700 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, Pacific sardine numbers have been \u003ca href=\"http://swfsc.noaa.gov/textblock.aspx?Division=FRD&id=1120\">increasing steadily\u003c/a>. Fishing started up again in California in the 1980s; by 2000, fisheries had been re-established off the coasts of Oregon and Washington, too. These days, Pacific sardines are doing fine. The Monterey Bay Aquarium’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch.aspx\">Seafood Watch Guide \u003c/a>lists \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/SeafoodWatch/web/sfw_factsheet.aspx?fid=62\">sardines\u003c/a> as a “best choice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, another schooling fish, \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/SeafoodWatch/web/sfw_factsheet.aspx?gid=83\">Atlantic Herring\u003c/a> isn’t doing quite as well. Many species of schooling fish are caught not for human consumption, but to feed poultry, livestock, and fish in the aquaculture industry. They’re processed into fishmeal and fish oil. This is a bit of a problem. Schooling fish (called clupeoid fish, for all of you aficionados) are an important part of the food web. They eat plankton, and in turn are eaten by larger predatory fish, marine mammals, and birds. Taking schooling fish out of the ocean, so they can be food for our \u003cem>other\u003c/em> food, has serious repercussions for the marine food web.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fish swim in schools to protect themselves from predators. But this strategy doesn’t really work when humans are the major predator, with our purse seines and spotting planes. Pacific sardines have recovered because of good fisheries management and favorable ocean conditions. Hopefully other fish will have a similar opportunity to go back to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>41.745559 -124.192438\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/08/Chickens.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem> Backyard chickens (credit: Meredith Hall)\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Yesterday, I along with every other Oakland hipster visited the \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/\">Eat Real Festival\u003c/a> in Jack London Square. There were dozens of food carts—tacos, steamed buns, hot dogs, ice cream, the best Cuban sandwich I’ve ever eaten—and chickens. Yep. There was an \u003ca href=\"http://eatrealfest.com/urbanhomesteading\">urban homesteading\u003c/a> exhibit, with animals and experts, and my friend Angela was smitten with the chickens. She wanted to take a few home. Think of all those fresh eggs! However, her husband Malcolm was against the idea—having grown up on a ranch in Mexico, he knew firsthand that chickens are a lot of work. But as I thought about the salmonella-laced \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2010/08/24/why-eggs-became-a-salmonella-hazard?ref=us\">headlines\u003c/a> that have tumbled across my doorstep and my computer screen over the past few weeks, I thought having my own backyard chickens might not be a bad idea.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent salmonella outbreak has led to a recall of half a billion eggs, and has sickened thousands of people. (Check this FDA page to see if the eggs in your fridge are safe to eat.) Many of the contaminated eggs have been traced to two giant farms in Iowa. It is not entirely clear what caused the outbreak—and there may have been multiple sources. But at least some of the contaminated eggs were laid by hens that ate contaminated chicken feed. Rodents carrying salmonella had gotten into the feed. In large-scale egg farms, salmonella can spread easily. Backyard chickens can still be subject to salmonella, but at least if you’re in charge of the coop, you can be sure to take precautions to keep your birds healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These precautions include keeping the habitat clean, making sure the food isn’t contaminated by rodents or other animals (reptiles carry salmonella too), and maybe even vaccinating your chickens. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/25/business/25vaccine.html?pagewanted=1&ref=business\">Vaccination\u003c/a> is common in the UK and other parts of Europe (though in this country, the FDA has deemed it unnecessary). I have no idea if vaccines are available for backyard birds—but it might be a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not being a bird owner myself, I wondered how a first-time chicken raiser could learn about keeping birds healthy. I read Oakland urban farmer Novella Carpenter’s book \u003ca href=\"http://amzn.com/0143117289\">Farm City\u003c/a>, and I couldn’t remember if her mail-order poultry had come with instructions. Then, I found out that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/backyard-chicken-keepers-avian-flu.php\">USDA recently started a public education campaign\u003c/a> on backyard bird health. And, urban homesteaders swap chicken husbandry tips thanks to internet sites like \u003ca href=\"http://www.meetup.com/\">Meetup\u003c/a>. There are whole communities out there, dedicated to raising healthy birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, I am not ready build a coop on my back porch and fill it with chickens. But the salmonella outbreak and the poultry experts at the Eat Real Festival reminded me that farmers, with their great knowledge of how animals and diseases and the environment are all entwined, are the world’s original ecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about eggs and the differences between supermarket eggs or farm fresh eggs, watch \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/city-egg-country-egg\">City Egg, Country Egg on QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7941971 -122.2760333\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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