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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-02-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19161\" title=\"4_40_energystorage_300x200\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>This week, we continue our series \"33 by 20,\" a look a California's ambitious goal of getting 33 percent of its electricity from renewable energy by 2020. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But these renewables are intermittent and that causes problems on the state's electric grid. So, California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps by doing something rarely done on the grid today: storing electricity. Lauren Sommer has more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Inside an unmarked building outside of Sacramento, dozens of people are glued to computer screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAVE HAWKINS: So did you look at the load curve yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: On the wall, there's a display plotting a big red line, showing how much electricity California is using right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: So these are the people that are keeping the lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Yep, this is the real-time operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: This is the California Independent System Operator or ISO, where Dave Hawkins is the Lead Renewables Power Engineer, though he recently retired. The ISO is the traffic cop of the state's electric grid. It's their job to forecast how much electricity the state needs and to make sure it's supplied. And they do it every four seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Our electric grid today, as we've built it and managed it, is a huge \"just in time\" delivery system. Just in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Hawkins says in order for the lights to come on when we flip the switch, energy supply and demand have be in perfect balance. But since the demand for power is continually changing, they're continually rebalancing the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: If we don't get all the numbers correct, then there's some major imbalances and some unpleasantness that happens in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Today, most of the state's energy comes from natural gas plants, which produce a steady power supply. But record amounts of wind and solar power are being switched on every year. And because the sun disappears behind clouds and the wind dies down, renewable power is variable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: The curves that are showing up so far are pretty erratic. You'll see 40, 50, 60 percent change in the output in a very short amount of time. And it not only goes down, but it will also then come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Better weather forecasting could help the ISO anticipate the fluctuations. But Hawkins says they'll need something else to fill in the gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRAVEEN KATHPAL: We're looking at what we call Project Sano. It's a 2 megawatt energy storage unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Just next to the Pacific Ocean in Huntington Beach, Praveen Kathpal of AES Energy Storage shows me one of the biggest batteries in the state. From the outside, it looks like a simple shipping container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: It's pretty unspectacular to look at, uh, which is good. We don't like excitement in the power business if we can avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The container is packed with small lithium-ion battery cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: There are approximately 83,000 of those cells within this container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The battery only holds enough power for 1,500 homes, but Kathpal says that's not the point. Batteries are fast. This one can change its output every four seconds. That's a level of responsiveness that a power plant can't match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: Yeah, it allows you to do things that you really couldn't imagine being able to do before. All of a sudden, you're able to provide a level of power immediately and with certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Grid operators could \"dial up\" this power to smooth out the second-to-second fluctuations on the grid. Kathpal says he sees a booming market for energy storage like this. And he's not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAN RASTLER: Energy storage is really undergoing a renaissance right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Dan Rastler is with the Energy Storage program at the Electric Power Research Institute, a research group in Palo Alto sponsored by the nation's utilities. He says longer-term energy storage will also be important when it comes to wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: Unfortunately, a lot of the wind blows at night and we don't want to spill wind, you know. We've made this investment in renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: If nighttime wind power could be stored several hours, grid operators could use it during the day when energy demand is highest. Rastler says there are other storage technologies that could use excess energy, like pumping water uphill to reservoirs for hydro power or compressing air that could be released to run power turbines. Still, there's one big hurdle that's held energy storage back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: The reason you don't see a lot of storage deployed right now is the cost issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: At its best, battery storage is twice as expensive as traditional power sources. That's kept most utilities away. But Rastler says the federal stimulus funding could change the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: It's been huge. I believe it's around 250 million of stimulus funding really is jumpstarting a number of key demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Several of those demonstrations are being lead by California's largest utilities. But given the costs, scaling up energy storage could take decades and California's utilities are on a tight timeline. The state legislature is also debating an energy storage bill that's the first of its kind in the nation. If passed, it would require the state to begin setting energy storage goals for 2020-- the same year the renewable energy goal comes due. For Quest, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-02-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19161\" title=\"4_40_energystorage_300x200\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>This week, we continue our series \"33 by 20,\" a look a California's ambitious goal of getting 33 percent of its electricity from renewable energy by 2020. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But these renewables are intermittent and that causes problems on the state's electric grid. So, California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps by doing something rarely done on the grid today: storing electricity. Lauren Sommer has more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Inside an unmarked building outside of Sacramento, dozens of people are glued to computer screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAVE HAWKINS: So did you look at the load curve yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: On the wall, there's a display plotting a big red line, showing how much electricity California is using right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: So these are the people that are keeping the lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Yep, this is the real-time operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: This is the California Independent System Operator or ISO, where Dave Hawkins is the Lead Renewables Power Engineer, though he recently retired. The ISO is the traffic cop of the state's electric grid. It's their job to forecast how much electricity the state needs and to make sure it's supplied. And they do it every four seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Our electric grid today, as we've built it and managed it, is a huge \"just in time\" delivery system. Just in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Hawkins says in order for the lights to come on when we flip the switch, energy supply and demand have be in perfect balance. But since the demand for power is continually changing, they're continually rebalancing the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: If we don't get all the numbers correct, then there's some major imbalances and some unpleasantness that happens in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Today, most of the state's energy comes from natural gas plants, which produce a steady power supply. But record amounts of wind and solar power are being switched on every year. And because the sun disappears behind clouds and the wind dies down, renewable power is variable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: The curves that are showing up so far are pretty erratic. You'll see 40, 50, 60 percent change in the output in a very short amount of time. And it not only goes down, but it will also then come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Better weather forecasting could help the ISO anticipate the fluctuations. But Hawkins says they'll need something else to fill in the gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRAVEEN KATHPAL: We're looking at what we call Project Sano. It's a 2 megawatt energy storage unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Just next to the Pacific Ocean in Huntington Beach, Praveen Kathpal of AES Energy Storage shows me one of the biggest batteries in the state. From the outside, it looks like a simple shipping container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: It's pretty unspectacular to look at, uh, which is good. We don't like excitement in the power business if we can avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The container is packed with small lithium-ion battery cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: There are approximately 83,000 of those cells within this container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The battery only holds enough power for 1,500 homes, but Kathpal says that's not the point. Batteries are fast. This one can change its output every four seconds. That's a level of responsiveness that a power plant can't match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: Yeah, it allows you to do things that you really couldn't imagine being able to do before. All of a sudden, you're able to provide a level of power immediately and with certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Grid operators could \"dial up\" this power to smooth out the second-to-second fluctuations on the grid. Kathpal says he sees a booming market for energy storage like this. And he's not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAN RASTLER: Energy storage is really undergoing a renaissance right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Dan Rastler is with the Energy Storage program at the Electric Power Research Institute, a research group in Palo Alto sponsored by the nation's utilities. He says longer-term energy storage will also be important when it comes to wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: Unfortunately, a lot of the wind blows at night and we don't want to spill wind, you know. We've made this investment in renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: If nighttime wind power could be stored several hours, grid operators could use it during the day when energy demand is highest. Rastler says there are other storage technologies that could use excess energy, like pumping water uphill to reservoirs for hydro power or compressing air that could be released to run power turbines. Still, there's one big hurdle that's held energy storage back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: The reason you don't see a lot of storage deployed right now is the cost issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: At its best, battery storage is twice as expensive as traditional power sources. That's kept most utilities away. But Rastler says the federal stimulus funding could change the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: It's been huge. I believe it's around 250 million of stimulus funding really is jumpstarting a number of key demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Several of those demonstrations are being lead by California's largest utilities. But given the costs, scaling up energy storage could take decades and California's utilities are on a tight timeline. The state legislature is also debating an energy storage bill that's the first of its kind in the nation. If passed, it would require the state to begin setting energy storage goals for 2020-- the same year the renewable energy goal comes due. For Quest, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/energy-storage-the-holy-grail\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>A 2 MW battery the AES Huntington Beach power plant.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energy storage (through batteries) is something we use everyday in our cell phones and computers. So it may be a little surprising that when it comes to the electric grid, storing energy is something that's rarely done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's grid is designed to deliver electricity on a real-time basis. Every four seconds, the grid operators at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Independent System Operator\u003c/a> have to ensure that the energy supply meets the demand in the state - something that's known as \"balancing the grid.\" (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/outlook/SystemStatus.html\" target=\"_blank\">check out today's electricity forecast\u003c/a> on their site). As a result, they coordinate the one piece of the system that they have control over: the generators, like natural gas plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, most generators produce a steady power supply. But California is adding increasing amounts of solar and wind power to the grid each year. Since the output of a solar or wind farm depends on the sun or wind, the power they produce is variable (\u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/green/renewrpt/DailyRenewablesWatch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here's a time-of-day profile\u003c/a> of renewable energy on the grid today). That causes problems for the grid operators on a number of levels. Wind farms produce most of their power at night, but that's when demand for power is lowest. Solar farms using photovoltaics can drop off substantially when the sun disappears behind clouds. And large solar thermal farms ramp up extremely fast when they are first hit by the sun in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energy storage is one of the ways that utilities and grid operators can address this intermittency. By having some extra electricity on hand, they can smooth out the bumps caused by these renewables. Just how to store energy is another issue. Here are some of the ways it can be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pumped Hydro\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the energy storage world, this is as old school as it gets. Hydro power uses water and gravity to generate electricity. Storage is added by pumping that water back uphill to the reservoir, so it can generate power again. Of course, it takes electricity to run the pumps, but usually this is done a night when there is cheaper or excess power on the grid. California's largest pumped hydro facility is PG&E's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/industries/hydropower/gen-info/regulation/pump.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Helms Pumped Storage Project\u003c/a> outside of Fresno, which has a 1.2 gigawatt capacity (for more on how it works, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/wind/meetings/2008/10/ManhoYeung.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">check out this powerpoint\u003c/a>). \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2009/02/23/story15.html\">PG&E is reportedly looking\u003c/a> at 2 gigawatts of new pumped storage at two other sites in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Batteries\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a number of different kinds of batteries that can be used in grid-scale installations. I visited a 2 megawatt battery in Southern California that uses lithium-ion cells, much like a hybrid car uses. Southern California Edison is \u003ca href=\"http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/socal-edison-wants-a123s-biggest-grid-battery-ever/\" target=\"_blank\">working on an 8 MW battery\u003c/a> project near the Tehachapi wind farms. But lithium-ion technology has plenty of competitors, many of which \u003ca href=\"http://arpa-e.energy.gov/ProgramsProjects/GRIDS.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">have been awarded federal stimulus funding\u003c/a>. The primary barrier for batteries is the cost. \u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/Flywheel.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>A Beacon Power flywheel.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flywheels\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This technology uses rotational energy to store power. Flywheels have an internal rotor that uses electricity to spin at high speeds. When energy is needed, the rotor slows down and generates electricity through a motor. This is used for what's known as \"frequency regulation\" on the grid. Since they can charge and discharge power on a second-to-second basis, flywheels can smooth out the short-term fluctuations on the grid. \u003ca href=\"http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea//news/article/2010/03/beacon-connects-flywheel-system-to-california-wind-farm\" target=\"_blank\">Beacon Power has installed flywheels\u003c/a> in Tehachapi, California as part of a demonstration project there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Compressed Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using energy produced at non-peak times (at night), compressed air energy storage projects pump air into large underground caverns. When demand for energy is high, it's released to run power turbines. \u003ca href=\"http://www.next100.com/2009/08/pge-opts-for-energy-storage.php\" target=\"_blank\">PG&E is now planning\u003c/a> a 300 MW compressed air facility in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, for all these technologies, cost is major issue, not mention the siting and planning considerations. For a good comparison, check out these\u003ca href=\"http://www.electricitystorage.org/ESA/technologies/technology_comparisons/\">technology comparison charts\u003c/a> from the Energy Storage Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/07/30/reporters-notes-energy-storage-the-holy-grail/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/energy-storage-the-holy-grail\">Listen to Energy Storage: The Holy Grail\u003c/a> radio story online and check out the rest of our stories in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/33by20/index.jsp\" target=\"_blank\">33x20 renewable energy series\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.398255 -122.14449\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/energy-storage-the-holy-grail\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>A 2 MW battery the AES Huntington Beach power plant.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energy storage (through batteries) is something we use everyday in our cell phones and computers. So it may be a little surprising that when it comes to the electric grid, storing energy is something that's rarely done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's grid is designed to deliver electricity on a real-time basis. Every four seconds, the grid operators at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Independent System Operator\u003c/a> have to ensure that the energy supply meets the demand in the state - something that's known as \"balancing the grid.\" (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/outlook/SystemStatus.html\" target=\"_blank\">check out today's electricity forecast\u003c/a> on their site). As a result, they coordinate the one piece of the system that they have control over: the generators, like natural gas plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, most generators produce a steady power supply. But California is adding increasing amounts of solar and wind power to the grid each year. Since the output of a solar or wind farm depends on the sun or wind, the power they produce is variable (\u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/green/renewrpt/DailyRenewablesWatch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here's a time-of-day profile\u003c/a> of renewable energy on the grid today). That causes problems for the grid operators on a number of levels. Wind farms produce most of their power at night, but that's when demand for power is lowest. Solar farms using photovoltaics can drop off substantially when the sun disappears behind clouds. And large solar thermal farms ramp up extremely fast when they are first hit by the sun in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energy storage is one of the ways that utilities and grid operators can address this intermittency. By having some extra electricity on hand, they can smooth out the bumps caused by these renewables. Just how to store energy is another issue. Here are some of the ways it can be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pumped Hydro\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the energy storage world, this is as old school as it gets. Hydro power uses water and gravity to generate electricity. Storage is added by pumping that water back uphill to the reservoir, so it can generate power again. Of course, it takes electricity to run the pumps, but usually this is done a night when there is cheaper or excess power on the grid. California's largest pumped hydro facility is PG&E's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/industries/hydropower/gen-info/regulation/pump.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Helms Pumped Storage Project\u003c/a> outside of Fresno, which has a 1.2 gigawatt capacity (for more on how it works, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/wind/meetings/2008/10/ManhoYeung.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">check out this powerpoint\u003c/a>). \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2009/02/23/story15.html\">PG&E is reportedly looking\u003c/a> at 2 gigawatts of new pumped storage at two other sites in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Batteries\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a number of different kinds of batteries that can be used in grid-scale installations. I visited a 2 megawatt battery in Southern California that uses lithium-ion cells, much like a hybrid car uses. Southern California Edison is \u003ca href=\"http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/socal-edison-wants-a123s-biggest-grid-battery-ever/\" target=\"_blank\">working on an 8 MW battery\u003c/a> project near the Tehachapi wind farms. But lithium-ion technology has plenty of competitors, many of which \u003ca href=\"http://arpa-e.energy.gov/ProgramsProjects/GRIDS.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">have been awarded federal stimulus funding\u003c/a>. The primary barrier for batteries is the cost. \u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/Flywheel.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>A Beacon Power flywheel.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Flywheels\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This technology uses rotational energy to store power. Flywheels have an internal rotor that uses electricity to spin at high speeds. When energy is needed, the rotor slows down and generates electricity through a motor. This is used for what's known as \"frequency regulation\" on the grid. Since they can charge and discharge power on a second-to-second basis, flywheels can smooth out the short-term fluctuations on the grid. \u003ca href=\"http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea//news/article/2010/03/beacon-connects-flywheel-system-to-california-wind-farm\" target=\"_blank\">Beacon Power has installed flywheels\u003c/a> in Tehachapi, California as part of a demonstration project there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Compressed Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using energy produced at non-peak times (at night), compressed air energy storage projects pump air into large underground caverns. When demand for energy is high, it's released to run power turbines. \u003ca href=\"http://www.next100.com/2009/08/pge-opts-for-energy-storage.php\" target=\"_blank\">PG&E is now planning\u003c/a> a 300 MW compressed air facility in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, for all these technologies, cost is major issue, not mention the siting and planning considerations. For a good comparison, check out these\u003ca href=\"http://www.electricitystorage.org/ESA/technologies/technology_comparisons/\">technology comparison charts\u003c/a> from the Energy Storage Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/07/30/reporters-notes-energy-storage-the-holy-grail/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/energy-storage-the-holy-grail\">Listen to Energy Storage: The Holy Grail\u003c/a> radio story online and check out the rest of our stories in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/33by20/index.jsp\" target=\"_blank\">33x20 renewable energy series\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.398255 -122.14449\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/Save-Our-Houses300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Are high energy use and a rotting housing stock in the North more reasons to legalize, regulate, and tax marijuana for anyone? Click \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Save-Our-Houses.jpg\">here \u003c/a>for a larger version of the image.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High energy bills can mean several things: a leaky home with a leaky duct system; a home with a lot of electronic devices always plugged in, which means they are “on” and wasting electricity even though switched “off” and in standby mode; a large home; or a home where someone is growing marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the case of Humbolt County in Northern California. Famously, because of strong leadership on behalf of energy efficiency, the per capita energy use in California has remained relatively flat since the 1970s. More people means more overall energy use, and the state’s population keeps on growing, but still, flat per capita energy use is a pretty fine achievement. Humbolt County went along with the rest of the state—until the mid-1990s when per capita energy use in the county started rising rapidly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995 California voters passed \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Proposition_215_(1996)\">Proposition 215\u003c/a>, which legalized the medical use of marijuana—and a cottage industry was born. See the Figure, where all the dots are connected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high energy use is not the only problem for people who grow pot at home. In order to grow pot, you have to create a hot and humid environment, which will rot a home out from the inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are high energy use and a rotting housing stock in the North more reasons to legalize, regulate, and tax marijuana for anyone? This would probably mean that marijuana growing will take place in greenhouses, and not in houses that are green with mold. Greenhouses, unlike homes, are designed to handle heat and moisture levels approaching that of Washington DC—where I grew up—in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/LegalizationNation/archives/2010/07/21/official-state-analysis-of-prop-19-super-green\">Proposition 19: Control and Tax Cannabis\u003c/a>will be on the ballot in California in the fall. The voters, once again, will decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/Save-Our-Houses300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Are high energy use and a rotting housing stock in the North more reasons to legalize, regulate, and tax marijuana for anyone? Click \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Save-Our-Houses.jpg\">here \u003c/a>for a larger version of the image.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High energy bills can mean several things: a leaky home with a leaky duct system; a home with a lot of electronic devices always plugged in, which means they are “on” and wasting electricity even though switched “off” and in standby mode; a large home; or a home where someone is growing marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the case of Humbolt County in Northern California. Famously, because of strong leadership on behalf of energy efficiency, the per capita energy use in California has remained relatively flat since the 1970s. More people means more overall energy use, and the state’s population keeps on growing, but still, flat per capita energy use is a pretty fine achievement. Humbolt County went along with the rest of the state—until the mid-1990s when per capita energy use in the county started rising rapidly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995 California voters passed \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Proposition_215_(1996)\">Proposition 215\u003c/a>, which legalized the medical use of marijuana—and a cottage industry was born. See the Figure, where all the dots are connected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high energy use is not the only problem for people who grow pot at home. In order to grow pot, you have to create a hot and humid environment, which will rot a home out from the inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Slowing Down PACE",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/closedcellfoam300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Property Assessed Clean Energy Program (PACE) is being blocked for the time being by, of all things, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, holders of about half of the home mortgages in the country and a major player in the financial crisis that we are still recovering from.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley pioneered a way to finance energy efficiency and renewable energy installations on buildings in 2008. Since then, 22 states have introduced similar programs. But the \u003ca href=\"http://energycenter.org/index.php/public-affairs/property-assessed-clean-energy-pace\">Property Assessed Clean Energy Program\u003c/a> (PACE) is \u003ca href=\"http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/01/loan-giants-threaten-energy-efficiency-programs/\">being blocked for the time being\u003c/a> by, of all things, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, holders of about half of the home mortgages in the country and a major player in the financial crisis that we are still recovering from. PACE adds jobs and helps revitalize the construction industry; the irony is gushing like an oil spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PACE allows a city to offer loans to homeowners to improve the energy efficiency of their homes and to add renewable energy such as photovoltaics (PV). The loan is paid back to the city over 20 years or so through increased property taxes. But the savings in energy costs each year outpaces the increase in property taxes. It’s a win for the homeowner and the environment. When the home is sold, the loan stays with the house, since the new homeowners will continue to enjoy the benefit of the energy retrofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fannie and Freddie sent a letter to lenders questioning the practice. They worry that a city will get its loan money back first if the homeowner defaults, and leave the lender on the hook for the costs. When the owner of half the mortgages question a practice, lenders put the breaks on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a lot at stake. \u003ca href=\"http://www.recurve.com/\">Recurve\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based home performance company, stands to lose hundreds of thousands of dollars in home retrofit work that may no longer be financed through PACE. And California and other states stand to lose millions of seed money that would be provided by the federal government to cities to support PACE programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PACE was working for us,” says Golden. Recurve booked 12 clients for retrofit work when the potential clients learned about PACE financing. “We are still working with those clients trying to find other lenders, and by offering to buy down interest rates from the lenders. But and our schedule has turned to Swiss cheese and we’ve had to put a hold on hiring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/ContentDisplay.aspx?id=15536\">Neal DeSnoo, Energy Program Officer for the City of Berkeley\u003c/a> calls the Fannie and Freddie letter “vague and irresponsible.” “There are plenty of good PACE models out there they could look at and provide guidance. Instead, they sent a letter out with no guidance.” He sees some solutions to the problem. “The \u003ca href=\"http://www.fhfa.gov/\">FHFA\u003c/a> [Federal Housing Finance Authority] can issue practical guidelines concerning the issuing of loans to homeowners, or they could look at each program individually.” One way to protect the lender is to look at the loan to value ratio to help ensure the homeowner has the wherewithal to pay off the loan. Fannie Mae and Freddy Mac should understand how to lend responsibly, shouldn’t they?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n",
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Andrea Kissack reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Ringed most of the year by dry, rolling, scrub covered hills, this ranchland in rural San Benito County gets 90-percent of the solar intensity of the Mojave Desert. But the Mojave, with its protected federal lands and desert tortoises, has turned out to be a nightmare for big solar entrepreneurs. For the Cupertino-based company Solargen, Panoche Valley seemed a better bet for a 420-megawatt solar array that would power about 120,000 homes. PG and E already has transmission lines running right through the valley and five cattle ranchers have agreed to sell their land. But to its critics the company's plan to cover part of the valley in panels doesn't seem like such a green idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KIM WILLIAMS: They would like to build an industrial project that extends the entire length of the valley. Once you take the vegetation off the soil, the high winds are just going to be whipping up the top soil and creating dust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Kim Williams moved to the tranquil Panoche Valley about four years ago from the Bay Area to run an organic egg business called Your Family Farm.\u003cbr>\n[Sound of Williams talking to her hens]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: When you travel around California there are not many valleys that you say I am stepping back into time, this is amazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Panoche Valley's unique landscape also turns out to be rich in wildlife. The valley floor is teaming with creatures, some of them endangered like the San Joaquin kit fox, and the blunt nose leopard lizard. More than 130 species of birds have also been observed in the area, including bald eagles. Looking out at the project site, Brandon Hill, President of the Fresno Audubon Society, says the valley has too much biodiversity for a big solar plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HILL: When you are taking up four thousand acres plus you are basically destroying the habitat, much of it is under panels or converted into roads and it is going to drastically change the habitat out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: To find out just what is out there Solargen's investors have spent over seven million dollars to gather information for a required Environmental Impact Report. More than twenty biologists have spent much of the past year searching out every fox den on the project site, canvassing creek beds and geo-tagging lizard scat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Does anyone have an anemometer to measure the wind?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Today, in high winds, wildlife biologist Michelle Korpos leads her team through a barbed wire fence and onto an adjacent parcel called \"mitigation land\" - about eleven thousand acres that Solargen would set aside for wildlife to offset the impact of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Presumably the species can disperse from the site because the mitigation lands are contiguous to the site. And the larger mammals like the kit fox and badger, they can make their way over the hills into little Panoche valley which offers greater biodiversity and topography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: These biologists are taking a multispecies conservation approach - which could speed up the permitting process. The San Joaquin kit fox, for example, thrives in grazing areas and if it can do well in the mitigation lands, it's assumed so can other grassland species. But not everyone agrees. In fact, local environmentalists are concerned that the surveys are being rushed to meet the deadline to qualify for federal tax credits. Chicken farmer Kim Williams says she is all for solar -- just not big arrays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: You could do smaller solar fields around cities as well as utilizing all rooftops and shade and parking areas and bus stops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Energy analysts say California can't meet its clean power goals without big solar farms and that line of thinking has some surprising supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOYLE: There are a few of us who have been working very closely with the generators and increasingly with the state and federal regulators trying to find a pathway through these conflicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Barbara Boyle oversees clean energy solutions for the Sierra Club. 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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19139\" title=\"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>The continuing environmental tragedy on the gulf Coast has underscored the peril of continued reliance on fossil fuels. Here in California, the bar has been set high for clean energy, with an ambitious plan to reach 33 percent renewable sources by 2020. Some critics say it's just not possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" Climate Watch Senior Edtor Craig Miller begins a two-part look at one company's plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car approaching]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Chances are you will never even pass through Panoche Valley...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car passing]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>...a flat triangle of short-grass and scrub, hidden amidst the coast ranges northwest of Fresno. But the valley hasn't escaped everyone's notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE PETERSON: I'm Michael Peterson, and I am the CEO of Solargen Energy...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: To Mike Peterson, Panoche Valley is an oasis between the dust of the Central Valley and the fog of California's coast; a kind of solar Shangri-La, which he says has 90% of the solar potential of the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: It makes all the difference in the world...because it's how much sun you're capturing and turning into electricity and that's your revenue source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Another part of the valley's allure: a line of transmission towers already marches straight through it, carrying electrons to the densely populated Monterey Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: When we had an engineer come who'd built a lot of different solar around, he came...we, we took him down to the property. And his comment was, wow. God made this to be a solar farm (LAUGHS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: And so with that bit of second-hand Devine guidance, Peterson has been stitching together land deals to create one of the nation's biggest solar power arrays of its kind, in Panoche Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REB MONACO: We're on the radar, so to speak, for solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's Reb Monaco, supervisor of San Benito County whose district includes the Valley. He sees another kind of \"solar potential\" there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: And it's unique, I guess, the surrounding counties don't have the amount of sunlight that our county has. So that asset, from my perspective as a county supervisor, we need to market that asset as effectively as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Monaco says he hasn't decided how he'll vote when supervisors are called on to approve the project. But with unemployment stuck at more than 20% in his county and Solargen promising jobs-mostly during the six-year construction phase-the project has his attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: Any job is significant in this day and age, I think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Solargen has marked of a site that would have solar panels on the equivalent of about 4700 [more than 4,000) football fields. Another 12,000 acres or so is what developers call \"mitigation land.\" The company is wending its way through the permitting process, which includes a $1.3 million environmental impact report administered by the county but paid for by Solargen's investors. And from this perspective, the valley may be less oasis than minefield. MIKE WESTPHAL: Actually, we call it a reservoir of endangered species. MILLER: Mike Westphal is an ecologist for the Bureau of Land Management, whose property surrounds the intended Solargen site. WESTPHAL: Everything that seems to have been in the larger San Joaquin Valley seems to still be here. MILLER: That includes about a half-dozen protected species, from foot-long lizards to San Joaquin kit fox. For weeks now a platoon of biologists have been combing the valley floor for signs of endangered or threatened critters, so that Solargen can produce a mitigation plan under California's environmental laws. Westphal is skeptical that this will go quickly. WESTPHAL: Even in projects that only have one of these species, you generally see an environmental review process going on for years before anything happens. The obstacles are huge to getting development here, I don't see a shovel hitting the ground here for years at a minimum. MILLER: But in order to get federal stimulus dollars up front, Mike Peterson will need to break ground here by the end of this year. PETERSON: I actually remember when I came home, and went into the kitchen and I said to my wife, I said, you know, I thought everybody wanted solar. (LAUGHS) MILLER: Not everybody, it would seem. RON GARTHWAITE: This specific one, yes, we don't want it to be here. We're fighting it. [SOUND: Bleating calf]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Ron Garthwaite runs the Claravale organic dairy farm in the valley. He stands at the intersection where two well-intended goals are colliding in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GARTHWAITE: Even if you're pro solar power, it's just--yeah, when you're taking a place that has agricultural value and natural value and turning it into a solar power plant, it just doesn't make any sense, no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BLM's Westphal puts it succinctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WESTPHAL: It's like an irresistible force hitting an immovable object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Caught in the middle are more than 200 wind and solar energy projects currently under review in California. 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"excerpt": "California has set ambitious goals for a transition to clean, renewable energy: 33 percent by 2020. Some are skeptical that the goal is within reach.QUEST and Climate Watch continue to examine the promise and pitfalls of this historic transformation. Craig Miller reports on one Silicon Valley company's controversial proposal for Panoche Valley. \r\n\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19139\" title=\"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>The continuing environmental tragedy on the gulf Coast has underscored the peril of continued reliance on fossil fuels. Here in California, the bar has been set high for clean energy, with an ambitious plan to reach 33 percent renewable sources by 2020. Some critics say it's just not possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" Climate Watch Senior Edtor Craig Miller begins a two-part look at one company's plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car approaching]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Chances are you will never even pass through Panoche Valley...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car passing]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>...a flat triangle of short-grass and scrub, hidden amidst the coast ranges northwest of Fresno. But the valley hasn't escaped everyone's notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE PETERSON: I'm Michael Peterson, and I am the CEO of Solargen Energy...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: To Mike Peterson, Panoche Valley is an oasis between the dust of the Central Valley and the fog of California's coast; a kind of solar Shangri-La, which he says has 90% of the solar potential of the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: It makes all the difference in the world...because it's how much sun you're capturing and turning into electricity and that's your revenue source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Another part of the valley's allure: a line of transmission towers already marches straight through it, carrying electrons to the densely populated Monterey Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: When we had an engineer come who'd built a lot of different solar around, he came...we, we took him down to the property. And his comment was, wow. God made this to be a solar farm (LAUGHS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: And so with that bit of second-hand Devine guidance, Peterson has been stitching together land deals to create one of the nation's biggest solar power arrays of its kind, in Panoche Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REB MONACO: We're on the radar, so to speak, for solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's Reb Monaco, supervisor of San Benito County whose district includes the Valley. He sees another kind of \"solar potential\" there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: And it's unique, I guess, the surrounding counties don't have the amount of sunlight that our county has. So that asset, from my perspective as a county supervisor, we need to market that asset as effectively as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Monaco says he hasn't decided how he'll vote when supervisors are called on to approve the project. But with unemployment stuck at more than 20% in his county and Solargen promising jobs-mostly during the six-year construction phase-the project has his attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: Any job is significant in this day and age, I think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Solargen has marked of a site that would have solar panels on the equivalent of about 4700 [more than 4,000) football fields. Another 12,000 acres or so is what developers call \"mitigation land.\" The company is wending its way through the permitting process, which includes a $1.3 million environmental impact report administered by the county but paid for by Solargen's investors. And from this perspective, the valley may be less oasis than minefield. MIKE WESTPHAL: Actually, we call it a reservoir of endangered species. MILLER: Mike Westphal is an ecologist for the Bureau of Land Management, whose property surrounds the intended Solargen site. WESTPHAL: Everything that seems to have been in the larger San Joaquin Valley seems to still be here. MILLER: That includes about a half-dozen protected species, from foot-long lizards to San Joaquin kit fox. For weeks now a platoon of biologists have been combing the valley floor for signs of endangered or threatened critters, so that Solargen can produce a mitigation plan under California's environmental laws. Westphal is skeptical that this will go quickly. WESTPHAL: Even in projects that only have one of these species, you generally see an environmental review process going on for years before anything happens. The obstacles are huge to getting development here, I don't see a shovel hitting the ground here for years at a minimum. MILLER: But in order to get federal stimulus dollars up front, Mike Peterson will need to break ground here by the end of this year. PETERSON: I actually remember when I came home, and went into the kitchen and I said to my wife, I said, you know, I thought everybody wanted solar. (LAUGHS) MILLER: Not everybody, it would seem. RON GARTHWAITE: This specific one, yes, we don't want it to be here. We're fighting it. [SOUND: Bleating calf]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Ron Garthwaite runs the Claravale organic dairy farm in the valley. He stands at the intersection where two well-intended goals are colliding in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GARTHWAITE: Even if you're pro solar power, it's just--yeah, when you're taking a place that has agricultural value and natural value and turning it into a solar power plant, it just doesn't make any sense, no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BLM's Westphal puts it succinctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WESTPHAL: It's like an irresistible force hitting an immovable object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Caught in the middle are more than 200 wind and solar energy projects currently under review in California. Mike Peterson's is just one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: And it's tough. We have California laws that make it very difficult. I could go to Texas and get-pull three permits and have this ready to go in months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: As anyone acquainted with California's Environmental Quality Act can attest, this is not Texas. But in order to make the Governor's one-third goal, utilities will have to find some way to at least double the output from renewable energy sources, in the next ten years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: This is Craig Miller in San Benito County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HOST: Next week, we pick up the Panoche Valley story with a closer look at the environmental concerns that confront this large-scale solar project. In the meantime there's a slide show and video of the valley online at KQED.org/33x20.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/05/2010-05-24-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19164\" title=\"radio4-29_renewables300\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>From KQED Public Radio, I'm Andrea Kissack. This week, KQED's science and environmental initiatives, QUEST and Climate Watch, begin an occasional series: 33 by 20: California's Clean Energy Countdown.\u003cbr>\nWith its wind and solar resources, the state is known as a hotbed of renewable energy. Driving that development is an ambitious goal: By the year 2020, utilities must generate one third of their electricity from renewable sources. But the road to clean energy is full of obstacles, which we will explore over the next several months. 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And you'd explain the whole thing to them and they'd just \"really?\" you know. Today, everyone knows exactly what you're talking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: That's because renewable energy has taken center stage in the state, especially for one particular elected official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOVERNOR ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER: When I took office the law, of course, required our utilities to deliver 20 percent of this renewable energy by the year 2017. And I said we can do better than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Three years ago, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger shortened the timeline --committing utilities to get 20 percent of their electricity from renewables such as solar, geothermal, and wind, by the end of this year. It's an ambitious goal and now the question is: will we make it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JULIE FITCH: Uhh, probably not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Julie Fitch is the Energy Division Director for the California Public Utilities Commission, the agency overseeing the renewable goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FITCH: We'll get really close. We're projecting that by the end of this year, 2010, we'll be at about 18.5% and by 2011 that we'll be fully there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Thanks to a three-year grace period, utilities won't be penalized for being a year or two late. But it does put them behind. That's because last fall, the governor set an even more aggressive goal— 33% renewable by 2020. According to Fitch's agency, given our growing need for energy, it will require an unprecedented effort— at least a doubling of transmission lines and a doubling of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOM BOTTORFF: I think a lot of people have doubts about whether or not the utilities can do it. 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Since many solar and wind projects cover hundreds of acres in environmentally sensitive areas, developers must navigate local, state and federal agencies for permission to build, which can be a tricky process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MICHAEL PICKER: I would probably describe it as painful, torturous and highly complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Michael Picker is the Governor's Senior Advisor for Renewable Energy Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PICKER: The reality is that each one of the projects that we permit this year will immediately become the largest in the world. People are having to learn how to actually manage these projects through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Picker says the Governor's office is committed to speeding up the drawn-out permitting process, which will help put the 33% goal in reach. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BARR: You'd meet somebody and they'd ask you what you do for a living and you'd say, well I run a wind plant. What? And you'd explain the whole thing to them and they'd just \"really?\" you know. Today, everyone knows exactly what you're talking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: That's because renewable energy has taken center stage in the state, especially for one particular elected official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOVERNOR ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER: When I took office the law, of course, required our utilities to deliver 20 percent of this renewable energy by the year 2017. And I said we can do better than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Three years ago, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger shortened the timeline --committing utilities to get 20 percent of their electricity from renewables such as solar, geothermal, and wind, by the end of this year. It's an ambitious goal and now the question is: will we make it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JULIE FITCH: Uhh, probably not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Julie Fitch is the Energy Division Director for the California Public Utilities Commission, the agency overseeing the renewable goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FITCH: We'll get really close. We're projecting that by the end of this year, 2010, we'll be at about 18.5% and by 2011 that we'll be fully there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Thanks to a three-year grace period, utilities won't be penalized for being a year or two late. But it does put them behind. That's because last fall, the governor set an even more aggressive goal— 33% renewable by 2020. According to Fitch's agency, given our growing need for energy, it will require an unprecedented effort— at least a doubling of transmission lines and a doubling of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOM BOTTORFF: I think a lot of people have doubts about whether or not the utilities can do it. I'm in the camp that believes that it's feasible and doable and we're working very hard to make sure that happens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Tom Bottorff is a Senior Vice President at PG&E, one of the utilities responsible for getting all that renewable power on the grid. He says the company has signed more than 100 contracts with solar, wind and geothermal developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: But we're concerned whether all those projects that we've contracted with will actually come online. It's been a tough economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: In most cases, it's up to developers to find the financing to build solar and wind farms, which has been hard to come by since the economic downturn. They've had some help recently from the federal stimulus funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: That's been critical and we're very thankful that those opportunities are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Bottorff says the other challenge is California's complex permitting process. Since many solar and wind projects cover hundreds of acres in environmentally sensitive areas, developers must navigate local, state and federal agencies for permission to build, which can be a tricky process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MICHAEL PICKER: I would probably describe it as painful, torturous and highly complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Michael Picker is the Governor's Senior Advisor for Renewable Energy Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PICKER: The reality is that each one of the projects that we permit this year will immediately become the largest in the world. People are having to learn how to actually manage these projects through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Picker says the Governor's office is committed to speeding up the drawn-out permitting process, which will help put the 33% goal in reach. But even with the Governor's help, a number of major obstacles remain, like where to build new transmission lines and concerns about the impact of solar or wind farms on wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETER MILLER: What we're trying to do is extremely ambitious in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Peter Miller is a Senior Scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group in San Francisco. He says California's renewable standards aren't just about energy. For one, they're key to reaching the state's landmark global warming goal to cut greenhouse gases emissions a quarter by 2020. Their significance also goes beyond state borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: California has always been a leader on energy and environmental efforts and this, the RPS program, is no exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Over thirty states have renewable energy goals, though California's is one of the most aggressive. That means many states are watching how California's does— both its progress and its missteps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For QUEST, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED Radio News.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
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"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
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