window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"quest_49641": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_49641",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49641",
"found": true
},
"parent": 49620,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1360871992,
"modified": 1360871992,
"caption": null,
"description": "WASHINGTON, DC - FEBRUARY 13: Julian Bond and Michael Brune protest against Keystone XL Pipeline at Lafayette Park on February 13, 2013 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Leigh Vogel/Getty Images)",
"title": "W",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_49246": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_49246",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49246",
"found": true
},
"parent": 49237,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/OB-banner-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1359752317,
"modified": 1359752317,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "OB-banner",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_49069": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_49069",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49069",
"found": true
},
"parent": 49059,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner.jpg",
"width": 2784,
"height": 1566
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-1440x810.jpg",
"width": 1440,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 810
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1359154307,
"modified": 1359154307,
"caption": "Green Engineering Academy students with the engineering teacher. (from left to right) Priya Sri-Tharan, County engineer Puck Ananta, Areli Hernandez, Laila Hassen and Natasha Moore. (Photo: Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)",
"description": null,
"title": "LHS_students-banner",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_48578": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_48578",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "48578",
"found": true
},
"parent": 48574,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1357852588,
"modified": 1357852588,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "NewBullards",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_48187": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_48187",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "48187",
"found": true
},
"parent": 48152,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-400x241.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 241
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-640x372.jpg",
"width": 640,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 386
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather1-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1356116626,
"modified": 1356116626,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "weather",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47829": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47829",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47829",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47827,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature.jpg",
"width": 1019,
"height": 573
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1355259429,
"modified": 1355259429,
"caption": "An arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) pup in the Pribilof Islands, St. Paul Island, off the coast of mainland Alaska in the Bering Sea. Juvenile mortality can reach 90% (from starvation and predation) during their first year when lemming abundance is low. Climate change threatens arctic fox survival by reducing the snow depth that lemmings depend on for shelter and insulation. (Image: Mike Boylan/USFWS)",
"description": "arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus)",
"title": "arctic fox pup feature",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47515": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47515",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47515",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47375,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1.jpg",
"width": 641,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont1-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1354140830,
"modified": 1354140830,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Blink-fastcharger-VW-Belmont",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47257": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47257",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47257",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47256,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1353365460,
"modified": 1353365460,
"caption": "Smog in LA (GABRIEL BOUYS/AFP/Getty Images)",
"description": null,
"title": "LosAngelesSmog092111",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47201": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47201",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47201",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47196,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-400x300.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 300
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-600x372.jpg",
"width": 600,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm.jpg",
"width": 600,
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1353107884,
"modified": 1353107884,
"caption": "The source of China's electricity--largely coal-fired power plants--is also a major reason for its poor air quality. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)",
"description": null,
"title": "China_grid_sm",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47221": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47221",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47221",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47215,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-400x267.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 267
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-600x372.jpg",
"width": 600,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm.jpg",
"width": 600,
"height": 400
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1353111940,
"modified": 1353111940,
"caption": "Most of China's solar panels are made for other markets. That balance could be shifting. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)",
"description": null,
"title": "China_Solar_sm",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_47019": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_47019",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47019",
"found": true
},
"parent": 47008,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-400x224.png",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 224
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1.png",
"width": 640,
"height": 359
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-96x96.png",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-64x64.png",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-75x75.png",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-32x32.png",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1-128x128.png",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1352522890,
"modified": 1352522890,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-1",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"quest_46974": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "quest_46974",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "46974",
"found": true
},
"parent": 46929,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-400x225.jpg",
"width": 400,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 225
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 360
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-75x75.jpg",
"width": 75,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 75
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/heatwavepower2201208131-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1352503230,
"modified": 1352503230,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "heatwavepower220120813",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"mollysamuel": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "200",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "200",
"found": true
},
"name": "Molly Samuel",
"firstName": "Molly",
"lastName": "Samuel",
"slug": "mollysamuel",
"email": "msamuel@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "Molly Samuel joined KQED as an intern in 2007, and since then has worked here as a reporter, producer, director and blogger. Before becoming KQED Science’s Multimedia Producer, she was a producer for Climate Watch. Molly has also reported for NPR, KALW and High Country News, and has produced audio stories for The Encyclopedia of Life and the Oakland Museum of California. She was a fellow with the Middlebury Fellowships in Environmental Journalism and a journalist-in-residence at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center. Molly has a degree in Ancient Greek from Oberlin College and is a co-founder of the record label True Panther Sounds.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6abd3b949a89fe5109fa9917631d0b6?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"edit_users",
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Molly Samuel | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6abd3b949a89fe5109fa9917631d0b6?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6abd3b949a89fe5109fa9917631d0b6?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/mollysamuel"
},
"cmiller": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "221",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "221",
"found": true
},
"name": "Craig Miller",
"firstName": "Craig",
"lastName": "Miller",
"slug": "cmiller",
"email": "craig@voxterra.net",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"bio": "Craig is a former KQED Science editor, specializing in weather, climate, water & energy issues, with a little seismology thrown in just to shake things up. Prior to that, he launched and led the station's award-winning multimedia project, Climate Watch. Craig is also an accomplished writer/producer of television documentaries, with a focus on natural resource issues.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "voxterra",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Craig Miller | KQED",
"description": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/cmiller"
},
"laurensommer": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "239",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "239",
"found": true
},
"name": "Lauren Sommer",
"firstName": "Lauren",
"lastName": "Sommer",
"slug": "laurensommer",
"email": "lsommer@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Lauren is a radio reporter formerly covering environment, water, and energy for KQED Science. As part of her day job, she has scaled Sierra Nevada peaks, run from charging elephant seals, and desperately tried to get her sea legs - all in pursuit of good radio. Her work has appeared on Marketplace, Living on Earth, Science Friday and NPR's Morning Edition and All Things Considered. You can find her on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesommer\">@lesommer\u003c/a>.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor",
"manage_content_types",
"manage_taxonomies"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Lauren Sommer | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/laurensommer"
},
"racheldornhelm": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "252",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "252",
"found": true
},
"name": "Rachel Dornhelm",
"firstName": "Rachel",
"lastName": "Dornhelm",
"slug": "racheldornhelm",
"email": "rdornhelm@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "\u003cp dir=\"ltr\">Rachel Dornhelm has worked as a reporter, editor and producer in public radio for the last twelve years. She got her start in New York City at WNYC and went on to work with the national business program Marketplace, WBUR’s “On Point” and KQED News in San Francisco. Her work has been honored by the LA Press Club and the SF-Peninsula Press Club.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\nRachel has a BA with honors in anthropology from Rice University and did graduate work at NYU.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7eee8d9bf9f919dcc4573841641db363?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Rachel Dornhelm | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7eee8d9bf9f919dcc4573841641db363?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7eee8d9bf9f919dcc4573841641db363?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/racheldornhelm"
},
"lizagross": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "6322",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "6322",
"found": true
},
"name": "Liza Gross",
"firstName": "Liza",
"lastName": "Gross",
"slug": "lizagross",
"email": "lizagross@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "Liza Gross, an award-winning independent journalist and senior editor at the biomedical journal PLOS Biology, writes mostly about conservation and public and environmental health. She was a 2013 recipient of the NYU Reporting Award, a 2013 Dennis Hunt Health Journalism fellow and a 2015 USC Data Journalism fellow.\r\n\r\nRead her \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/lizagross/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f7d36efc78088d63466cef5f10c4c7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Liza Gross | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f7d36efc78088d63466cef5f10c4c7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f7d36efc78088d63466cef5f10c4c7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/lizagross"
},
"alisonvandiggelen": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "10333",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "10333",
"found": true
},
"name": "Alison van Diggelen",
"firstName": "Alison",
"lastName": "van Diggelen",
"slug": "alisonvandiggelen",
"email": "avandigg@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "Alison van Diggelen is founder and host of Fresh Dialogues, an interview series featuring green thought leaders in Silicon Valley and beyond. A former columnist for the San Jose Mercury News and contributor to KQED’s Climate Watch, Alison now writes for the Huffington Post and moderates events for the Commonwealth Club and the Computer History Museum in Silicon Valley. She has lectured and moderated presentations on sustainability and entrepreneurship at the University of Edinburgh and UC Santa Cruz, Silicon Valley Extension.\r\n\r\nIn 2001, the Women's Fund of Silicon Valley nominated Alison for a \"Woman of Achievement Award\" in communication. She has been an interview guest on KTVU, Silicon Valley Business, KGO radio and BBC radio. Alison hails from Bonnie Scotland and has a master's degree from the University of Cambridge.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/408a488c99c1f31d69dff44585339190?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Alison van Diggelen | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/408a488c99c1f31d69dff44585339190?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/408a488c99c1f31d69dff44585339190?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/alisonvandiggelen"
},
"marjoriesun": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "10391",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "10391",
"found": true
},
"name": "Marjorie Sun",
"firstName": "Marjorie",
"lastName": "Sun",
"slug": "marjoriesun",
"email": "fakeemail@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": null,
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bdf7e04ec578e3d8369b119b89106f18?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Marjorie Sun | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bdf7e04ec578e3d8369b119b89106f18?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bdf7e04ec578e3d8369b119b89106f18?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/marjoriesun"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"quest_category_climate": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_6",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "6",
"score": 11.06314
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 7,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "Climate",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "quest",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 8
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/quest?category=climate",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 8
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://hls.kqed.org/hls/kqed_app/playlist.m3u8",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"quest_49620": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_49620",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49620",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1360963215000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1360963215,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "Sierra Club Director: Time to Take Climate Action to the Streets",
"title": "Sierra Club Director: Time to Take Climate Action to the Streets",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/02/20130218science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49641\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49641\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julian Bond and Michael Brune protest against Keystone XL Pipeline at Lafayette Park on Feb 13, 2013 in Washington, DC. (Photo: Leigh Vogel/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">In the week leading up to Presidents' Day, Michael Brune, the national executive director of the Sierra Club, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/02/13/sierra-club-chief-arrested-at-keystone-xl-pipeline-protest/\">found himself in handcuffs\u003c/a>, after strapping himself to the White House gates. He and other protesters are hoping to spur President Obama toward bold action to combat climate change with what's being billed as the biggest rally ever for climate action in this country. The Presidents' Day events in several cities, including San Francisco, where the Sierra Club is headquartered, mark a new, more aggressive stance for the organization spawned by John Muir. Brune's arrest was the first of a Sierra Club chief in the club's 120-year history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brune's not just rattling the gates from the outside, though. He managed to get sprung in time for the Valentine's Day roll-out of a major climate bill by Democratic Senators Barbara Boxer and Bernie Sanders. It would tax carbon emissions, tighten regulations on fracking and provide investments for clean energy and energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller sat down with Brune before he left for Washington to talk with him about climate action, the Keystone XL pipeline, and fracking. This is an edited transcript of their conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Craig Miller:\u003c/strong> Many people were stunned when the president devoted a full paragraph to the climate issue in his inaugural address. Were you among those stunned people up there?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMichael Brune:\u003c/strong> I was certainly very pleased. The president gave more word space to climate change than any other issue during his inauguration. He articulated both the moral obligation we have to fight climate change and the fact that when we transition to clean energy, there will be great economic benefit brought to all Americans. So it was very encouraging.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Surprising talk, but on the action front how would you grade this president so far? Have you been a little disappointed?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Looking at his first term, you can simultaneously say that the president did more than any other president when it comes to climate change, particularly if you look at all the rules that the EPA put forward to improve public health that had an impact on fossil fuels. You could say he has done an insufficient job in that there’s a lot of things the president could do and should do that he hasn’t yet done. \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"He has to talk about climate every time that there’s another massive wildfire...or another super-storm hits.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> I think the reason a lot of people were surprised was the word climate just about disappeared from his vocabulary for an extended period of time.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Yeah, you know that’s disappointing. There’s really no other way to put it other than the fact that the president has the opportunity to lead not just the American people, but to lead the world in an all-out, concerted, thoughtful, but relentless effort to move away from dirty fuels and to embrace clean energy. He has to talk about climate every time that there’s another massive wildfire, or a crippling drought, or another super-storm hits. We have to be able to connect these extreme weather events to the fact that our climate is destabilizing as we speak. This is not something that can be addressed through the occasional mention or even the occasional rule put forward by his administration.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Do you think there’s been a sort of – no pun intended – sea change, a shift? Are people, are policymakers ready to see and hear what’s happening in your opinion?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> I think so. I spend a fair amount of time on Capitol Hill and you can tell people’s opinions have shifted just in the last six months. The reason for that is the American public’s opinions have shifted. There was a poll put out last week by Duke University that said 84% of all Americans believe that climate change is real, it’s man-made, it’s happening and that the solutions to climate change are here. So you’re seeing that reflected in a thawing, let’s say, of some of the attitudes that we often see on Capitol Hill. The question remains is whether or not this will lead to meaningful action.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> So what’s the most important first step that the president and Congress could take right now?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Job one is to reject the Keystone XL pipeline. We should not be building out new fossil fuel infrastructure at the same time we want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> This is the big pipeline that is designed to bring Canadian oil sands all the way down to the Gulf Coast for refining. There’s a lot of opposition to it, but here in California, it’s an issue that feels remote to a lot of people. Why does it matter to us out here?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> There are two reasons why it matters. First is that this would be the biggest pipeline coming down from the tar sands. The tar sands is the dirtiest oil on the planet, and this pipeline would take 830,000 barrels of oil from the tar sands every day, bring it all the way through this country, and then have most of it be exported outside the U.S. borders. This will, by itself, contribute to global warming. But it’s also a symbol of the fact that we cannot continue to invest in dirty fuel sources whether it’s drilling in the Arctic, mountaintop removal in Appalachia, this tar sands project, fracking that’s happening across the country. We can’t continue to put billions of dollars of infrastructure into fossil fuels when we need to start investing that money toward clean energy solutions instead.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> In fact, we’re waiting to hear from the president on (the Keystone XL project) issue. What if he approves it? What then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> We’re actually waiting to hear from the president on all of these issues. We’re waiting to hear from the president on how drilling should take place in the Arctic when we’re trying to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. We’re waiting to see leadership from the president on the tar sands, as well. We’re waiting for a ruling that this pipeline should not be built. We’d like to see the president take on fracking as well as mountaintop removal. \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"The big rally on the National Mall was designed to inspire the president so that his ambition meets the scale of this challenge.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big rally on the National Mall was designed to inspire the president so that his ambition meets the scale of this challenge. We want to see the president reject the Keystone XL pipeline, but we want to see him go much farther than that. There’s an opportunity to regulate carbon pollution from smokestacks and refineries all across the country. There’s an opportunity to turn away from Arctic drilling and there’s an even bigger opportunity to invest in clean energy like solar and wind that will help to replace these dirty fuels. That creates more jobs and cuts air and water emissions at the same time.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Let’s talk about fracking. This is short for hydraulic fracturing the tech used to extract oil and gas from underground rock formations, stuff that was tough to get at before new technology made it possible. They’ve been\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/with-large-oil-reserve-california-faces-fracking-debate/\"> fracking in California\u003c/a> for oil in different ways but now it seems like there’s this new boom on its way here with the Monterey shale formation in Central California. How concerned are you about that?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> As a parent, I’m very concerned about the impacts of fracking on our air, our water and our climate particularly when there are much better solutions to meet our energy needs, particularly in California, where we’ve got solar that’s just growing by leaps and bounds and wind resources that are not fully utilized. We know that in the 21st century our economy will be based on energy that’s safe, secure and sustainable. We don’t need to be investing in fracking, or more oil drilling, mountaintop removal or more coal mining when we know that solar and wind can do a better job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> But you can’t just throw a switch and tomorrow morning everything’s clean and renewable. In 2012, for example, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions fell to their lowest point in 20 years, and a lot of the credit for that is going to fracking for gas – cheap natural gas – which is cleaner than burning coal. Don’t you need to do some of that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> Let’s be really clear here. Greenhouse gas emissions have fallen to 20 year lows and the reason for that is not because of fracking -- in no way, shape or form. The reason for that is we are replacing coal plants with a variety of clean energy sources. In most cases, wind and solar are taking up a bigger share of the energy mix than fracking ever is. Case in point, in 2012 there were more new wind resources brought online than natural gas. There was more solar and wind than all fossil fuel sources combined. What we are seeing right now is the United States slowly, but with increasing speed, is beginning to get off of fossil fuels -- at a much slower pace than we should, but it’s starting to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Going back to the D.C. rally, this kind of street-level activism is kind of a new direction for the Sierra Club, and it’s pretty much your doing since you took over. You must be getting some push back from some members who still see the primary mission of the Sierra Club as conservation of public lands and restoration of natural resources. Are you hearing some of that?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Not really. The mission of the Sierra Club is very simple. It’s to explore, enjoy and protect the planet. We have Sierra Club members who have been volunteering with us for decades, some members who have been volunteering for a couple weeks, but all of them are united around a very simple credo. We know that getting into the outdoors inspires further activism and we also know that there are solutions to some of our country’s biggest environmental problems. The demonstration on the National Mall over the weekend and the rallies we are holding across the country really does tap into a long-held tradition that Sierra Club members want to participate in bringing out solutions to our country’s problems, and they know there are a lot of ways to get there.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiler:\u003c/strong> We had Jim Hansen here in the same studio for an interview recently – a certified climate change legend from NASA – who says that California’s whole approach is half-baked. We’d be much better off with a straight-on carbon tax than this complicated market-based cap-and-trade system that we’re using.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Hansen has a point. Most economists that you talk to will view a carbon tax as a much more efficient and, thus, much more effective way of putting a price on carbon and hastening a tradition toward clean energy resources. But it’s also true that California is making more progress than any other state in de-carbonizing and transitioning to clean energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Speaking of presidential decisions, Sally Jewell is Mr. Obama’s choice for the new Secretary of the Interior, currently the CEO of REI, the outdoor clothing and gear company out of Seattle. What specifically does Jewell bring to the table?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> What Sally brings is potential for a sea change in terms of how the Department of Interior looks at natural resources. For the last century or more, most people who have been in her position have looked at the oil, or timber or gas as a resource to exploit. What Sally recognizes is that there’s more economic gain from protecting our public resources, but also there’s great opportunity to expand protection to benefit wildlife, landscapes and the communities that surround them. We’re very optimistic that when she assumes this position, we’ll have a great opportunity to get more people in the outdoors and then have those folks be active part in helping to protect our last remaining natural treasures.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "49620 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=49620",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/02/15/sierra-club-director-time-to-take-climate-action-to-the-streets/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2187,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 16
},
"modified": 1368130340,
"excerpt": "For the first time in the Sierra Club's 120-year history, its national head was arrested for an act of civil disobedience. It signals a new, more aggressive stance for the organization spawned by John Muir.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "For the first time in the Sierra Club's 120-year history, its national head was arrested for an act of civil disobedience. It signals a new, more aggressive stance for the organization spawned by John Muir.",
"title": "Sierra Club Director: Time to Take Climate Action to the Streets | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Sierra Club Director: Time to Take Climate Action to the Streets",
"datePublished": "2013-02-15T13:20:15-08:00",
"dateModified": "2013-05-09T13:12:20-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "sierra-club-director-time-to-take-climate-action-to-the-streets",
"status": "publish",
"WpOldSlug": "west-coast-a-test-bed-for-ocean-acidification-2",
"path": "/quest/49620/sierra-club-director-time-to-take-climate-action-to-the-streets",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/02/20130218science.mp3",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "audioLink",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"src": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/02/20130218science.mp3"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49641\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49641\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/micahelbrune-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julian Bond and Michael Brune protest against Keystone XL Pipeline at Lafayette Park on Feb 13, 2013 in Washington, DC. (Photo: Leigh Vogel/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">In the week leading up to Presidents' Day, Michael Brune, the national executive director of the Sierra Club, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/02/13/sierra-club-chief-arrested-at-keystone-xl-pipeline-protest/\">found himself in handcuffs\u003c/a>, after strapping himself to the White House gates. He and other protesters are hoping to spur President Obama toward bold action to combat climate change with what's being billed as the biggest rally ever for climate action in this country. The Presidents' Day events in several cities, including San Francisco, where the Sierra Club is headquartered, mark a new, more aggressive stance for the organization spawned by John Muir. Brune's arrest was the first of a Sierra Club chief in the club's 120-year history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brune's not just rattling the gates from the outside, though. He managed to get sprung in time for the Valentine's Day roll-out of a major climate bill by Democratic Senators Barbara Boxer and Bernie Sanders. It would tax carbon emissions, tighten regulations on fracking and provide investments for clean energy and energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller sat down with Brune before he left for Washington to talk with him about climate action, the Keystone XL pipeline, and fracking. This is an edited transcript of their conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Craig Miller:\u003c/strong> Many people were stunned when the president devoted a full paragraph to the climate issue in his inaugural address. Were you among those stunned people up there?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMichael Brune:\u003c/strong> I was certainly very pleased. The president gave more word space to climate change than any other issue during his inauguration. He articulated both the moral obligation we have to fight climate change and the fact that when we transition to clean energy, there will be great economic benefit brought to all Americans. So it was very encouraging.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Surprising talk, but on the action front how would you grade this president so far? Have you been a little disappointed?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Looking at his first term, you can simultaneously say that the president did more than any other president when it comes to climate change, particularly if you look at all the rules that the EPA put forward to improve public health that had an impact on fossil fuels. You could say he has done an insufficient job in that there’s a lot of things the president could do and should do that he hasn’t yet done. \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"He has to talk about climate every time that there’s another massive wildfire...or another super-storm hits.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> I think the reason a lot of people were surprised was the word climate just about disappeared from his vocabulary for an extended period of time.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Yeah, you know that’s disappointing. There’s really no other way to put it other than the fact that the president has the opportunity to lead not just the American people, but to lead the world in an all-out, concerted, thoughtful, but relentless effort to move away from dirty fuels and to embrace clean energy. He has to talk about climate every time that there’s another massive wildfire, or a crippling drought, or another super-storm hits. We have to be able to connect these extreme weather events to the fact that our climate is destabilizing as we speak. This is not something that can be addressed through the occasional mention or even the occasional rule put forward by his administration.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Do you think there’s been a sort of – no pun intended – sea change, a shift? Are people, are policymakers ready to see and hear what’s happening in your opinion?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> I think so. I spend a fair amount of time on Capitol Hill and you can tell people’s opinions have shifted just in the last six months. The reason for that is the American public’s opinions have shifted. There was a poll put out last week by Duke University that said 84% of all Americans believe that climate change is real, it’s man-made, it’s happening and that the solutions to climate change are here. So you’re seeing that reflected in a thawing, let’s say, of some of the attitudes that we often see on Capitol Hill. The question remains is whether or not this will lead to meaningful action.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> So what’s the most important first step that the president and Congress could take right now?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Job one is to reject the Keystone XL pipeline. We should not be building out new fossil fuel infrastructure at the same time we want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> This is the big pipeline that is designed to bring Canadian oil sands all the way down to the Gulf Coast for refining. There’s a lot of opposition to it, but here in California, it’s an issue that feels remote to a lot of people. Why does it matter to us out here?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> There are two reasons why it matters. First is that this would be the biggest pipeline coming down from the tar sands. The tar sands is the dirtiest oil on the planet, and this pipeline would take 830,000 barrels of oil from the tar sands every day, bring it all the way through this country, and then have most of it be exported outside the U.S. borders. This will, by itself, contribute to global warming. But it’s also a symbol of the fact that we cannot continue to invest in dirty fuel sources whether it’s drilling in the Arctic, mountaintop removal in Appalachia, this tar sands project, fracking that’s happening across the country. We can’t continue to put billions of dollars of infrastructure into fossil fuels when we need to start investing that money toward clean energy solutions instead.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> In fact, we’re waiting to hear from the president on (the Keystone XL project) issue. What if he approves it? What then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> We’re actually waiting to hear from the president on all of these issues. We’re waiting to hear from the president on how drilling should take place in the Arctic when we’re trying to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. We’re waiting to see leadership from the president on the tar sands, as well. We’re waiting for a ruling that this pipeline should not be built. We’d like to see the president take on fracking as well as mountaintop removal. \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"The big rally on the National Mall was designed to inspire the president so that his ambition meets the scale of this challenge.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big rally on the National Mall was designed to inspire the president so that his ambition meets the scale of this challenge. We want to see the president reject the Keystone XL pipeline, but we want to see him go much farther than that. There’s an opportunity to regulate carbon pollution from smokestacks and refineries all across the country. There’s an opportunity to turn away from Arctic drilling and there’s an even bigger opportunity to invest in clean energy like solar and wind that will help to replace these dirty fuels. That creates more jobs and cuts air and water emissions at the same time.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiller:\u003c/strong> Let’s talk about fracking. This is short for hydraulic fracturing the tech used to extract oil and gas from underground rock formations, stuff that was tough to get at before new technology made it possible. They’ve been\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/with-large-oil-reserve-california-faces-fracking-debate/\"> fracking in California\u003c/a> for oil in different ways but now it seems like there’s this new boom on its way here with the Monterey shale formation in Central California. How concerned are you about that?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> As a parent, I’m very concerned about the impacts of fracking on our air, our water and our climate particularly when there are much better solutions to meet our energy needs, particularly in California, where we’ve got solar that’s just growing by leaps and bounds and wind resources that are not fully utilized. We know that in the 21st century our economy will be based on energy that’s safe, secure and sustainable. We don’t need to be investing in fracking, or more oil drilling, mountaintop removal or more coal mining when we know that solar and wind can do a better job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> But you can’t just throw a switch and tomorrow morning everything’s clean and renewable. In 2012, for example, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions fell to their lowest point in 20 years, and a lot of the credit for that is going to fracking for gas – cheap natural gas – which is cleaner than burning coal. Don’t you need to do some of that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> Let’s be really clear here. Greenhouse gas emissions have fallen to 20 year lows and the reason for that is not because of fracking -- in no way, shape or form. The reason for that is we are replacing coal plants with a variety of clean energy sources. In most cases, wind and solar are taking up a bigger share of the energy mix than fracking ever is. Case in point, in 2012 there were more new wind resources brought online than natural gas. There was more solar and wind than all fossil fuel sources combined. What we are seeing right now is the United States slowly, but with increasing speed, is beginning to get off of fossil fuels -- at a much slower pace than we should, but it’s starting to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Going back to the D.C. rally, this kind of street-level activism is kind of a new direction for the Sierra Club, and it’s pretty much your doing since you took over. You must be getting some push back from some members who still see the primary mission of the Sierra Club as conservation of public lands and restoration of natural resources. Are you hearing some of that?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Not really. The mission of the Sierra Club is very simple. It’s to explore, enjoy and protect the planet. We have Sierra Club members who have been volunteering with us for decades, some members who have been volunteering for a couple weeks, but all of them are united around a very simple credo. We know that getting into the outdoors inspires further activism and we also know that there are solutions to some of our country’s biggest environmental problems. The demonstration on the National Mall over the weekend and the rallies we are holding across the country really does tap into a long-held tradition that Sierra Club members want to participate in bringing out solutions to our country’s problems, and they know there are a lot of ways to get there.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nMiler:\u003c/strong> We had Jim Hansen here in the same studio for an interview recently – a certified climate change legend from NASA – who says that California’s whole approach is half-baked. We’d be much better off with a straight-on carbon tax than this complicated market-based cap-and-trade system that we’re using.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nBrune:\u003c/strong> Hansen has a point. Most economists that you talk to will view a carbon tax as a much more efficient and, thus, much more effective way of putting a price on carbon and hastening a tradition toward clean energy resources. But it’s also true that California is making more progress than any other state in de-carbonizing and transitioning to clean energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Speaking of presidential decisions, Sally Jewell is Mr. Obama’s choice for the new Secretary of the Interior, currently the CEO of REI, the outdoor clothing and gear company out of Seattle. What specifically does Jewell bring to the table?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brune:\u003c/strong> What Sally brings is potential for a sea change in terms of how the Department of Interior looks at natural resources. For the last century or more, most people who have been in her position have looked at the oil, or timber or gas as a resource to exploit. What Sally recognizes is that there’s more economic gain from protecting our public resources, but also there’s great opportunity to expand protection to benefit wildlife, landscapes and the communities that surround them. We’re very optimistic that when she assumes this position, we’ll have a great opportunity to get more people in the outdoors and then have those folks be active part in helping to protect our last remaining natural treasures.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/49620/sierra-club-director-time-to-take-climate-action-to-the-streets",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_252",
"quest_621",
"quest_11518",
"quest_11731",
"quest_13203",
"quest_2629"
],
"featImg": "quest_49641",
"label": "quest"
},
"quest_49237": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_49237",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49237",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1359706587000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1359706587,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "San Francisco a Test Case for Coping with Rising Seas",
"title": "San Francisco a Test Case for Coping with Rising Seas",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Parts of New York and New Jersey are still reeling from Superstorm Sandy, an event that brought climate change and the threat of sea-level rise front-and-center. It's a looming problem for all coastal cities, and one that San Francisco has been pondering since long before Sandy struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along San Francisco’s western shore, the \u003ca href=\"http://issuu.com/oceanbeachmasterplan/docs/obmp_document_full/11\">Ocean Beach Master Plan\u003c/a> is a kind of test case for sea-rise planning. It calls for big changes, including a strategy known as managed retreat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A taste of what's to come\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t need a crystal ball to see how encroaching seas will affect San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we’re walking on right now is the former southbound lane of the Great Highway in San Francisco,\" says Tom Prete, the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://oceanbeachbulletin.com/\">Ocean Beach Bulletin\u003c/a>, an online news site that covers the neighborhoods along San Francisco’s Pacific shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the winter of 2010, the city closed this portion of Great Highway because of erosion that was endangering the road,\" he explains. The side of the road closest to the beach is now blocked off by concrete barriers. Traffic has been rerouted onto what was once the median, to avoid the receding sandy bluffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was something that was sort of done in an emergency,\" Prete says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, rather than just reacting to what’s happening out here, San Francisco is planning ahead. The road map for this more proactive approach is the Ocean Beach Master Plan, a sweeping set of recommendations intended to be implemented over the next few decades as the ocean relentlessly carves away the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wants this land back,\" Prete says. And it's taking it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Man-made problems\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the \u003ca href=\"http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=13389\">National Academy of Sciences projected\u003c/a> that in this part of California, sea level could rise nearly a foot by 2030. And by the end of the century, if current warming trends continue, it could be more than four feet higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49253\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 269px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-49253\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/revetments-269x360.jpg\" alt=\"revetments\" width=\"269\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Piles of boulders and rubble left from past attempts by the city to protect the Great Highway from erosion. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here at Ocean Beach, no private homes are in immediate danger, but on the line is millions of dollars’ worth of infrastructure: the four-lane highway and a waste water treatment plant. And there’s the beach itself, part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, used by surfers, dog-walkers, joggers and bundled up beach-goers (this is not San Diego).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea level rise is a looming threat, but erosion is nothing new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's at least partially -- I would argue, largely -- a man-made problem,\" says Bob Battalio, a coastal engineer at the consulting firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.pwa-ltd.com/index.html\">ESA PWA\u003c/a> who is working on the Master Plan. He says the Great Highway isn’t just a casualty here; it’s part of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It opened in 1929 to much \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist2/ghiway.html\">fanfare\u003c/a>. But it wasn’t exactly built on \u003cem>Terra Firma\u003c/em>: the city flattened coastal sand dunes and pushed the shoreline about 200 feet out into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was progress I guess at that point,\" reflects Battalio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ocean has been pushing back ever since and the Great Highway isn’t looking so great anymore, with pieces of parking lots crumbling onto the beach. The bluffs below it are strewn with sandbags, boulders and concrete: failed attempts by the city to stem erosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change will make it all worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s kind of like trying to hold a pendulum, and it's going to try to go back to where it wants to be,\" says Battalio. \"Otherwise you have to hold it there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Retreating from the rising tide\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most dramatic recommendation in the Ocean Beach Master Plan is to let go of the pendulum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49271\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49271 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small.jpg\" alt=\"Ocean Beach hasn't always been where it is now. Click on the map to see more information about past shorelines. (Map courtesy of Elena Vandebroek and Bob Battalio, ESA PWA)\" width=\"640\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small-400x457.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ocean Beach hasn't always been where it is now. Click on the map to see more information about past shorelines. (Map courtesy of Elena Vandebroek and Bob Battalio, ESA PWA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Everything's easier if you move back,\" Battalio explains. \"So ultimately what we’re trying to do is what we call 'managed retreat.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the plan, San Francisco would close one end of the Great Highway, reroute traffic about a half-mile inland, and let the ocean come back. Battalio says it comes down to engineering and economics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a surfer and somebody who’s studied waves and the like, I think it’s fine if people want to live on the coast,\" he says. \"But I don’t think it’s okay to take public money and build structures that adversely affect the beach. I don’t want my money going there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49262 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1.jpg\" alt=\"Surfers \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For years surfers have been asking San Francisco to manage the erosion problems at the south end of Ocean Beach. (Photo: Sean Greene/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Translating high-concept plans to work on the ground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would cut down on those kinds of costs, but it isn't cheap, either. Estimates for completing all the recommendations are just north of $350 million. Funding has come through for some initial studies, but the vast majority of that money has yet to be raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the things we're recommending at Ocean Beach are very expensive,\" says Benjamin Grant, who manages the Ocean Beach Master Plan for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/\">San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association\u003c/a> (SPUR). \"But you have to set them against the costs of the band-aid measures already taking place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Dive into the plan and Explore SPUR's \u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/featured-project/ocean-beach-master-plan\" target=\"_blank\">Ocean Beach website\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://issuu.com/oceanbeachmasterplan/docs/obmp_document_full/11\">Download the Ocean Beach Master Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://oceanbeachbulletin.com/tag/ocean-beach-master-plan/\">Read the Ocean Beach Bulletin's Master Plan coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>SPUR is acting as a facilitator for the project, bringing together the myriad city, state, and federal organizations involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't close our eyes to what’s coming and it’s definitely going to get worse and not better,\" Grant says. \"If we can find a way to work with those processes to achieve the kinds of outcomes and build the kinds of places we want to have in our city, then we’ll be ahead of the game.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other California cities, Pacifica and Ventura, have both undertaken smaller managed-retreat projects. And other places, including New York City and the states around Chesapeake Bay, are beginning to put together their own climate response plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San Francisco, completing the big vision of the Ocean Beach Master Plan is just a first step. Some traffic and engineering studies are underway now, but they’re just the beginning of a decades-long process that will affect the shape of our coast and the lives along it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan also will be closely watched by other coastal cities around the United States, as the sea continues its slow but steady rise.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "49237 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=49237",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/02/01/san-francisco-a-test-case-for-coping-with-rising-seas/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1145,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 34
},
"modified": 1450494412,
"excerpt": "Under a strategy known as \"managed retreat,\" San Francisco gets ready to let the ocean reclaim a cherished stretch of Pacific coastline.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Under a strategy known as "managed retreat," San Francisco gets ready to let the ocean reclaim a cherished stretch of Pacific coastline.",
"title": "San Francisco a Test Case for Coping with Rising Seas | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "San Francisco a Test Case for Coping with Rising Seas",
"datePublished": "2013-02-01T00:16:27-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-12-18T19:06:52-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "san-francisco-a-test-case-for-coping-with-rising-seas",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/02/20130204science.mp3",
"source": "Environment",
"WpOldSlug": "west-coast-a-test-bed-for-ocean-acidification-2",
"path": "/quest/49237/san-francisco-a-test-case-for-coping-with-rising-seas",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Parts of New York and New Jersey are still reeling from Superstorm Sandy, an event that brought climate change and the threat of sea-level rise front-and-center. It's a looming problem for all coastal cities, and one that San Francisco has been pondering since long before Sandy struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along San Francisco’s western shore, the \u003ca href=\"http://issuu.com/oceanbeachmasterplan/docs/obmp_document_full/11\">Ocean Beach Master Plan\u003c/a> is a kind of test case for sea-rise planning. It calls for big changes, including a strategy known as managed retreat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A taste of what's to come\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t need a crystal ball to see how encroaching seas will affect San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we’re walking on right now is the former southbound lane of the Great Highway in San Francisco,\" says Tom Prete, the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://oceanbeachbulletin.com/\">Ocean Beach Bulletin\u003c/a>, an online news site that covers the neighborhoods along San Francisco’s Pacific shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the winter of 2010, the city closed this portion of Great Highway because of erosion that was endangering the road,\" he explains. The side of the road closest to the beach is now blocked off by concrete barriers. Traffic has been rerouted onto what was once the median, to avoid the receding sandy bluffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was something that was sort of done in an emergency,\" Prete says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, rather than just reacting to what’s happening out here, San Francisco is planning ahead. The road map for this more proactive approach is the Ocean Beach Master Plan, a sweeping set of recommendations intended to be implemented over the next few decades as the ocean relentlessly carves away the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wants this land back,\" Prete says. And it's taking it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Man-made problems\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the \u003ca href=\"http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=13389\">National Academy of Sciences projected\u003c/a> that in this part of California, sea level could rise nearly a foot by 2030. And by the end of the century, if current warming trends continue, it could be more than four feet higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49253\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 269px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-49253\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/revetments-269x360.jpg\" alt=\"revetments\" width=\"269\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Piles of boulders and rubble left from past attempts by the city to protect the Great Highway from erosion. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here at Ocean Beach, no private homes are in immediate danger, but on the line is millions of dollars’ worth of infrastructure: the four-lane highway and a waste water treatment plant. And there’s the beach itself, part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, used by surfers, dog-walkers, joggers and bundled up beach-goers (this is not San Diego).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea level rise is a looming threat, but erosion is nothing new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's at least partially -- I would argue, largely -- a man-made problem,\" says Bob Battalio, a coastal engineer at the consulting firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.pwa-ltd.com/index.html\">ESA PWA\u003c/a> who is working on the Master Plan. He says the Great Highway isn’t just a casualty here; it’s part of the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It opened in 1929 to much \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist2/ghiway.html\">fanfare\u003c/a>. But it wasn’t exactly built on \u003cem>Terra Firma\u003c/em>: the city flattened coastal sand dunes and pushed the shoreline about 200 feet out into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was progress I guess at that point,\" reflects Battalio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ocean has been pushing back ever since and the Great Highway isn’t looking so great anymore, with pieces of parking lots crumbling onto the beach. The bluffs below it are strewn with sandbags, boulders and concrete: failed attempts by the city to stem erosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change will make it all worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s kind of like trying to hold a pendulum, and it's going to try to go back to where it wants to be,\" says Battalio. \"Otherwise you have to hold it there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Retreating from the rising tide\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most dramatic recommendation in the Ocean Beach Master Plan is to let go of the pendulum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49271\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49271 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small.jpg\" alt=\"Ocean Beach hasn't always been where it is now. Click on the map to see more information about past shorelines. (Map courtesy of Elena Vandebroek and Bob Battalio, ESA PWA)\" width=\"640\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/map-small-400x457.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ocean Beach hasn't always been where it is now. Click on the map to see more information about past shorelines. (Map courtesy of Elena Vandebroek and Bob Battalio, ESA PWA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Everything's easier if you move back,\" Battalio explains. \"So ultimately what we’re trying to do is what we call 'managed retreat.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the plan, San Francisco would close one end of the Great Highway, reroute traffic about a half-mile inland, and let the ocean come back. Battalio says it comes down to engineering and economics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a surfer and somebody who’s studied waves and the like, I think it’s fine if people want to live on the coast,\" he says. \"But I don’t think it’s okay to take public money and build structures that adversely affect the beach. I don’t want my money going there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-49262 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1.jpg\" alt=\"Surfers \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/02/surfer1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For years surfers have been asking San Francisco to manage the erosion problems at the south end of Ocean Beach. (Photo: Sean Greene/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Translating high-concept plans to work on the ground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would cut down on those kinds of costs, but it isn't cheap, either. Estimates for completing all the recommendations are just north of $350 million. Funding has come through for some initial studies, but the vast majority of that money has yet to be raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the things we're recommending at Ocean Beach are very expensive,\" says Benjamin Grant, who manages the Ocean Beach Master Plan for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/\">San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association\u003c/a> (SPUR). \"But you have to set them against the costs of the band-aid measures already taking place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>Dive into the plan and Explore SPUR's \u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/featured-project/ocean-beach-master-plan\" target=\"_blank\">Ocean Beach website\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://issuu.com/oceanbeachmasterplan/docs/obmp_document_full/11\">Download the Ocean Beach Master Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://oceanbeachbulletin.com/tag/ocean-beach-master-plan/\">Read the Ocean Beach Bulletin's Master Plan coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>SPUR is acting as a facilitator for the project, bringing together the myriad city, state, and federal organizations involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't close our eyes to what’s coming and it’s definitely going to get worse and not better,\" Grant says. \"If we can find a way to work with those processes to achieve the kinds of outcomes and build the kinds of places we want to have in our city, then we’ll be ahead of the game.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other California cities, Pacifica and Ventura, have both undertaken smaller managed-retreat projects. And other places, including New York City and the states around Chesapeake Bay, are beginning to put together their own climate response plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San Francisco, completing the big vision of the Ocean Beach Master Plan is just a first step. Some traffic and engineering studies are underway now, but they’re just the beginning of a decades-long process that will affect the shape of our coast and the lives along it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan also will be closely watched by other coastal cities around the United States, as the sea continues its slow but steady rise.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/49237/san-francisco-a-test-case-for-coping-with-rising-seas",
"authors": [
"200"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9",
"quest_17"
],
"tags": [
"quest_252",
"quest_11194",
"quest_13203",
"quest_2559"
],
"featImg": "quest_49246",
"label": "source_quest_49237"
},
"quest_49059": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_49059",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "49059",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1359158808000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1359158808,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "Who Gets the Cash for Energy Upgrades from Prop 39?",
"title": "Who Gets the Cash for Energy Upgrades from Prop 39?",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130128science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49069\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 315px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-49069 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-450x253.jpg\" alt=\"Green Engineering Academy students with the engineering teacher. (from left to right) Priya Sri-Tharan, County engineer Puck Ananta, Areli Hernandez, Laila Hassen and Natasha Moore. (Photo: Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\" width=\"315\" height=\"177\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Green Engineering Academy students with the engineering teacher. (from left to right) Priya Sri-Tharan, County engineer Puck Ananta, Areli Hernandez, Laila Hassen and Natasha Moore. (Photo: Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama raised eyebrows earlier this month by elevating climate change to a top national priority in his inaugural address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been a policy leader on the issue. In the last election, voters overwhelmingly passed \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php/California_Proposition_39,_Income_Tax_Increase_for_Multistate_Businesses_%282012%29\">Proposition 39\u003c/a>, which closed a corporate tax loophole and uses the cash to create the largest energy-efficiency initiative of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposition requires the money be spent on public buildings, however the details have been left to lawmakers. Now there’s the predictable debate over who will get the money and how it might be spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can I audit this class?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tour Livermore High School with some students from the Green Engineering Academy and you’ll hear plenty of suggestions for energy efficiency upgrades at their school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What would be nice is if they had skylights,” says senior Natasha Moore. “So more natural lighting can come in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Laila Hassen says the benefits go beyond cost savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They've shown that when students are under hours of fluorescent lighting they can’t concentrate as well” she says. “It can actually hurt their eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore and Hassen are part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acoe.org/acoe/BusServices/LEEP\">Leadership in Energy Efficiency Program\u003c/a>, or LEEP. The program is funded by Pacific Gas & Electric Corp. and administered by the Alameda County of Education. These students completed a district-wide energy audit with the help of an engineering firm, saving the school thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On tour, the students point out a new motion sensor attached to an old snack machine, that keeps the lights and cooler from running idly. But the students want to do better. They want the latest energy efficient machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Junior Priya Sri-Tharan says it would almost pay for itself the first year with $2,000 in energy savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you turn down the little stuff,” says Sri-Thran. “It’s going to eventually add up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Kinder, the chief business official for Livermore’s school district, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been saving between 15-and-20 percent of our electricity bills already,” says Kinder, “just with the small changes we’ve done so far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s about $300,000 a year. Kinder says she’d like to do more. But in a tight funding environment where their current energy savings are going to keep basic programs afloat, where does one find the initial investment?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the huge hurdle,” says Kinder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A billion-dollar windfall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enter the windfall from Proposition 39, almost single-handedly bankrolled by San Francisco hedge fund billionaire Tom Steyer. California voters approved the November, 2012 initiative by a nearly two-thirds margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure will raise an estimated $1.1 billion a year from the closed tax loophole. Half will go directly into the state general fund. But for the first five years, the other half will be used to retrofit public schools or public office buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you come up with half of a billion in one year,” says Steyer, “a lot of people put out their hand and say, 'I have the exact solution for you.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer says one of the goals is to create tens of thousands of construction jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would also be an investment,” says Steyer. “So that in spending this money we would save money for the next 25 years because we would have reduced energy bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Altogether, the measure is expected to generate $2.75 billion in new money by 2018 for energy efficiency projects. Experts project the money could fund efficiency upgrades at half of California’s public schools, shaving 20-to-40 percent off their monthly utility bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49076\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-49076 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/CCOE_P10005271-480x360.jpg\" alt=\"CCOE_P1000527\" width=\"288\" height=\"216\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some people want to spend the Prop 39 money on basic upgrades like new windows, others are advocating for renewable energy installations like solar panels. (Photo: Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Competing needs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So who should get the grants? Governor Jerry Brown’s proposed budget has it spread around all public schools. But State Senator Kevin De Leon, a Los Angeles Democrat, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery?bill_number=sb_39&sess=CUR&house=B&author=de_le%F3n\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to distribute the money based on need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every school district is different,” says De Leon. “You have some districts that have brand new schools, and within the same district you have schools that are very old, schools that emit a lot of carbon and waste energy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Fremont High. The Alameda County school is slated for a rebuild. On a recent visit here, the school had been dealing with a broken boiler line. Space heaters dotted the hallways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the county, Albany High School stands in contrast. Eight years ago the district worked to do basic school retrofits like lighting, as well as investing in a technology uniquely suited for their high school: a co-generator. It creates electricity for the school while producing heat for the two pools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albany Unified Superintendent Marla Stephenson says the carefully tailored investment paid off and the district has, “saved at least $100,000 a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It started with cost,” says Stephenson, “and it’s now moved to what’s good for the environment and global warming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvonne Tom oversees energy efficiency programs for the Alameda County Office of Education. She says in her years working on a variety of campuses, she's learned a few lessons she would pass on to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need really good quality audits done by a real engineering firm,” says Tom, “who has not a vested interest in selling you a particular product.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom advocates spending some of the Prop 39 money to hire experts at a county level to help districts make the best use of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others advocate spending on “the low hanging fruit,” basic energy efficiency upgrades, like new windows and lighting. Senator De Leon says these provide the most savings for the least cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Browning, with the non-profit group \u003ca href=\"http://votesolar.org/\">Vote Solar\u003c/a>, argues for renewable energy systems like solar panels. Browning says the ballot measure explicitly included clean energy solutions in its language and that should guide implementation. Anything else, he says, “reeks of a bait and switch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t just show pictures of compact fluorescents,” says Browning. “There were plenty of solar panels that were used to sell this and voters expressed their preference for something. They had it before them. That should be honored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature is expected to pass a plan to distribute the money later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "49059 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=49059",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/01/25/who-gets-the-cash-for-energy-upgrades-from-prop-39/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1158,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 39
},
"modified": 1443824059,
"excerpt": "In November, California voters overwhelmingly passed Proposition 39, closing a corporate tax loophole and using the savings to create the largest state energy efficiency initiative in the country. Now the debate over how to use the money begins. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "In November, California voters overwhelmingly passed Proposition 39, closing a corporate tax loophole and using the savings to create the largest state energy efficiency initiative in the country. Now the debate over how to use the money begins. ",
"title": "Who Gets the Cash for Energy Upgrades from Prop 39? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Who Gets the Cash for Energy Upgrades from Prop 39?",
"datePublished": "2013-01-25T16:06:48-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-10-02T15:14:19-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "who-gets-the-cash-for-energy-upgrades-from-prop-39",
"status": "publish",
"WpOldSlug": "west-coast-a-test-bed-for-ocean-acidification-2",
"path": "/quest/49059/who-gets-the-cash-for-energy-upgrades-from-prop-39",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130128science.mp3",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "audioLink",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"src": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130128science.mp3"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49069\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 315px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-49069 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/LHS_students-banner-450x253.jpg\" alt=\"Green Engineering Academy students with the engineering teacher. (from left to right) Priya Sri-Tharan, County engineer Puck Ananta, Areli Hernandez, Laila Hassen and Natasha Moore. (Photo: Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\" width=\"315\" height=\"177\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Green Engineering Academy students with the engineering teacher. (from left to right) Priya Sri-Tharan, County engineer Puck Ananta, Areli Hernandez, Laila Hassen and Natasha Moore. (Photo: Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Obama raised eyebrows earlier this month by elevating climate change to a top national priority in his inaugural address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been a policy leader on the issue. In the last election, voters overwhelmingly passed \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php/California_Proposition_39,_Income_Tax_Increase_for_Multistate_Businesses_%282012%29\">Proposition 39\u003c/a>, which closed a corporate tax loophole and uses the cash to create the largest energy-efficiency initiative of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposition requires the money be spent on public buildings, however the details have been left to lawmakers. Now there’s the predictable debate over who will get the money and how it might be spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can I audit this class?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tour Livermore High School with some students from the Green Engineering Academy and you’ll hear plenty of suggestions for energy efficiency upgrades at their school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What would be nice is if they had skylights,” says senior Natasha Moore. “So more natural lighting can come in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Laila Hassen says the benefits go beyond cost savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They've shown that when students are under hours of fluorescent lighting they can’t concentrate as well” she says. “It can actually hurt their eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore and Hassen are part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acoe.org/acoe/BusServices/LEEP\">Leadership in Energy Efficiency Program\u003c/a>, or LEEP. The program is funded by Pacific Gas & Electric Corp. and administered by the Alameda County of Education. These students completed a district-wide energy audit with the help of an engineering firm, saving the school thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On tour, the students point out a new motion sensor attached to an old snack machine, that keeps the lights and cooler from running idly. But the students want to do better. They want the latest energy efficient machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Junior Priya Sri-Tharan says it would almost pay for itself the first year with $2,000 in energy savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you turn down the little stuff,” says Sri-Thran. “It’s going to eventually add up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Kinder, the chief business official for Livermore’s school district, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been saving between 15-and-20 percent of our electricity bills already,” says Kinder, “just with the small changes we’ve done so far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s about $300,000 a year. Kinder says she’d like to do more. But in a tight funding environment where their current energy savings are going to keep basic programs afloat, where does one find the initial investment?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the huge hurdle,” says Kinder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A billion-dollar windfall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enter the windfall from Proposition 39, almost single-handedly bankrolled by San Francisco hedge fund billionaire Tom Steyer. California voters approved the November, 2012 initiative by a nearly two-thirds margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure will raise an estimated $1.1 billion a year from the closed tax loophole. Half will go directly into the state general fund. But for the first five years, the other half will be used to retrofit public schools or public office buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you come up with half of a billion in one year,” says Steyer, “a lot of people put out their hand and say, 'I have the exact solution for you.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer says one of the goals is to create tens of thousands of construction jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would also be an investment,” says Steyer. “So that in spending this money we would save money for the next 25 years because we would have reduced energy bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Altogether, the measure is expected to generate $2.75 billion in new money by 2018 for energy efficiency projects. Experts project the money could fund efficiency upgrades at half of California’s public schools, shaving 20-to-40 percent off their monthly utility bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49076\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-49076 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/CCOE_P10005271-480x360.jpg\" alt=\"CCOE_P1000527\" width=\"288\" height=\"216\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some people want to spend the Prop 39 money on basic upgrades like new windows, others are advocating for renewable energy installations like solar panels. (Photo: Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Competing needs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So who should get the grants? Governor Jerry Brown’s proposed budget has it spread around all public schools. But State Senator Kevin De Leon, a Los Angeles Democrat, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery?bill_number=sb_39&sess=CUR&house=B&author=de_le%F3n\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to distribute the money based on need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every school district is different,” says De Leon. “You have some districts that have brand new schools, and within the same district you have schools that are very old, schools that emit a lot of carbon and waste energy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Fremont High. The Alameda County school is slated for a rebuild. On a recent visit here, the school had been dealing with a broken boiler line. Space heaters dotted the hallways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the county, Albany High School stands in contrast. Eight years ago the district worked to do basic school retrofits like lighting, as well as investing in a technology uniquely suited for their high school: a co-generator. It creates electricity for the school while producing heat for the two pools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albany Unified Superintendent Marla Stephenson says the carefully tailored investment paid off and the district has, “saved at least $100,000 a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It started with cost,” says Stephenson, “and it’s now moved to what’s good for the environment and global warming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvonne Tom oversees energy efficiency programs for the Alameda County Office of Education. She says in her years working on a variety of campuses, she's learned a few lessons she would pass on to lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need really good quality audits done by a real engineering firm,” says Tom, “who has not a vested interest in selling you a particular product.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom advocates spending some of the Prop 39 money to hire experts at a county level to help districts make the best use of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others advocate spending on “the low hanging fruit,” basic energy efficiency upgrades, like new windows and lighting. Senator De Leon says these provide the most savings for the least cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Browning, with the non-profit group \u003ca href=\"http://votesolar.org/\">Vote Solar\u003c/a>, argues for renewable energy systems like solar panels. Browning says the ballot measure explicitly included clean energy solutions in its language and that should guide implementation. Anything else, he says, “reeks of a bait and switch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn’t just show pictures of compact fluorescents,” says Browning. “There were plenty of solar panels that were used to sell this and voters expressed their preference for something. They had it before them. That should be honored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature is expected to pass a plan to distribute the money later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/49059/who-gets-the-cash-for-energy-upgrades-from-prop-39",
"authors": [
"252"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_11765",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_252",
"quest_987",
"quest_11194",
"quest_13203",
"quest_11700"
],
"featImg": "quest_49069",
"label": "quest"
},
"quest_48574": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_48574",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "48574",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1357949052000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1357949052,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "Climate Threat to Dams Overlooked by Regulators",
"title": "Climate Threat to Dams Overlooked by Regulators",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130114science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48609\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-48609 \" title=\"NewBullards\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards1-450x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"202\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Bullards Bar Dam in Yuba County is the fifth-highest dam in the United States. (Photo: Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/map.jsp\">130 hydropower projects\u003c/a> in California. They take advantage of steep terrain and gushing mountain rivers to churn out about \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/renewables/hydro/index.html\">fourteen percent\u003c/a> of California's electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a delicate balance, dependent on heavy snow in the winter, and heavy runoff in the spring as the snow melts. But climate change threatens to throw that balance out of whack, a problem that federal regulators have chosen to ignore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A High-Stakes Game\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New Bullards Bar Dam stretches across a steep rocky canyon in the Sierra Nevada foothills, about fifty miles northeast of Sacramento. It's the fifth-highest dam in North America, towering more than sixty stories over the North Yuba River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I get to run around to all these glorious sites, and work on a multitude of issues,\" says Geoff Rabone. He works for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ycwa.com/\">Yuba County Water Agency\u003c/a>, which owns this and other smaller dams, plus a network of reservoirs, water diversion tunnels and hydroelectric facilities. Standing on top of the spillway, we can see vultures circling below us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rabone manages relicensing for the water agency. Every few decades, hydropower projects have to get a new license from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ferc.gov/\">Federal Energy Regulatory Commission\u003c/a>, or FERC. If you think going to the DMV is bad, be glad you're not a dam. Applying for a new \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2012/06/18/rethinking-hydropower/\">hydropower license\u003c/a> takes years and costs millions of dollars. It seems like everything gets considered, from how the dams affect water supply, to endangered species, to whitewater sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have 44 different studies going on right now,\" Rabone tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the new license will dictate how much electricity the project generates, and how much water it releases -- and when -- for the next thirty-to-fifty years. That's why there are so many studies, and why FERC relicensing is so important to water agencies, power companies and environmental groups, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's one looming issue that Rabone doesn't have to wrangle any studies for: climate change. FERC doesn't require those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Water and Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore KQED's multimedia series, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/\"> Water and Power\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illustration: \u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/waterneedspower.jsp\">Water Needs Power\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illustration: \u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/powerneedswater.jsp\">Power Needs Water\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Map:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/map.jsp\">California's Hundreds of Dams (and Very Few Undammed Rivers)\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n[/box]\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Change and the \"New Normal\" \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an approach akin to the cliche of putting their heads in the sand,\" says Steve Rothert, the California director for the environmental organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/\">American Rivers\u003c/a>. Rothert says he has asked FERC to include climate change in the relicensing process, but they've turned him down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change projections for the Sierra Nevada vary. The region may get wetter; it may get drier. But scientists agree that it will get warmer, dramatically affecting the snow where most of the region’s water comes from-- and not just in the distant future. There’s evidence that we’re already seeing effects of climate change in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And yet the power companies and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission refuse to consider how climate change will affect these dams and these rivers for the next 50 years,\" says Rothert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48657\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 330px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-48657\" title=\"IMG_3672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/IMG_3672.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"330\" height=\"247\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E's Belden Powerhouse is part of the chain of hydro facilities on the Feather River, known as the \"Stairway of Power.\" (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Josh Viers, an ecologist at \u003ca href=\"http://watershed.ucdavis.edu/front?destination=node/116\">The University of California - Davis\u003c/a>, is similarly perplexed. He argues that FERC's decision to depend only on historic weather and water records doesn't make sense anymore, especially for licenses that won’t expire for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of the projections for California in particular -- and these are multiple scientists using different models and different assumptions -- all converge on the same idea,\" explains Viers. \"The climate 35 years from now is not likely to be what we see today.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/11/12/110882/climate_change_could_shrink_sierra_snowpack_dramatically?category=science\">recent study\u003c/a> suggests the emergence of a “new normal” within the next few decades, one in which eight-in-ten winters in the western U.S. will see snow accumulation below what we now consider normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viers says the way California manages water will have to change. Right now, the snowpack itself serves as a reservoir. If it melts earlier, or if more precipitation falls as rain, our man-made reservoirs may have to spill the extra runoff, which could mean more floods in the winter, and more water shortages in the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a lot at stake,\" says Viers. \"So it seems it would be in the public’s best interest if in fact FERC were looking out for the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the strategic planner for one Sierra utility says, when his agency included an entire section on climate effects in its relicensing application, FERC didn’t want it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Not Consider Climate?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FERC officials acknowledge that climate change will have an impact on hydropower, but say the climate models scientists have developed just aren't specific enough to project local impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are not really any models yet that are granular enough that we would feel comfortable basing a decision on the impact of climate change on an individual facility,\" FERC commissioner John Norris told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FERC has also said that the focus of relicensing studies is on how hydropower operations affect resources, not how other things -- in this case, climate change -- affect them. Rothert of American Rivers says that's a red herring, though; the studies he's asked for would concern how hydropower projects affect resources in a changed climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If federal regulators are \"whistling in the dark,\" Rabone from the Yuba County Water Agency says climate change is very much on his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to be very interesting to see what happens, if climate change turns out the way it's theorized to work out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it does, the job of water managers -- balancing the needs of fish, farmers and power plants -- will only get more complicated as the climate changes, whether or not regulators are paying attention.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "48574 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=48574",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/01/11/climate-threat-to-dams-overlooked-by-regulators/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1032,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 33
},
"modified": 1443824328,
"excerpt": "Hydropower provides a good chunk of California's electricity. It relies on a balance of heavy snow in the winter and heavy runoff in the spring. Climate change threatens to throw that balance out of whack, a problem the government isn't examining.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Hydropower provides a good chunk of California's electricity. It relies on a balance of heavy snow in the winter and heavy runoff in the spring. Climate change threatens to throw that balance out of whack, a problem the government isn't examining.",
"title": "Climate Threat to Dams Overlooked by Regulators | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Climate Threat to Dams Overlooked by Regulators",
"datePublished": "2013-01-11T16:04:12-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-10-02T15:18:48-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "climate-threat-to-dams-overlooked-by-regulators",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/48574/climate-threat-to-dams-overlooked-by-regulators",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130114science.mp3",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "audioLink",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"src": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2013/01/20130114science.mp3"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48609\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-48609 \" title=\"NewBullards\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/NewBullards1-450x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"202\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Bullards Bar Dam in Yuba County is the fifth-highest dam in the United States. (Photo: Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/map.jsp\">130 hydropower projects\u003c/a> in California. They take advantage of steep terrain and gushing mountain rivers to churn out about \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/renewables/hydro/index.html\">fourteen percent\u003c/a> of California's electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a delicate balance, dependent on heavy snow in the winter, and heavy runoff in the spring as the snow melts. But climate change threatens to throw that balance out of whack, a problem that federal regulators have chosen to ignore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A High-Stakes Game\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New Bullards Bar Dam stretches across a steep rocky canyon in the Sierra Nevada foothills, about fifty miles northeast of Sacramento. It's the fifth-highest dam in North America, towering more than sixty stories over the North Yuba River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I get to run around to all these glorious sites, and work on a multitude of issues,\" says Geoff Rabone. He works for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ycwa.com/\">Yuba County Water Agency\u003c/a>, which owns this and other smaller dams, plus a network of reservoirs, water diversion tunnels and hydroelectric facilities. Standing on top of the spillway, we can see vultures circling below us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rabone manages relicensing for the water agency. Every few decades, hydropower projects have to get a new license from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ferc.gov/\">Federal Energy Regulatory Commission\u003c/a>, or FERC. If you think going to the DMV is bad, be glad you're not a dam. Applying for a new \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2012/06/18/rethinking-hydropower/\">hydropower license\u003c/a> takes years and costs millions of dollars. It seems like everything gets considered, from how the dams affect water supply, to endangered species, to whitewater sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have 44 different studies going on right now,\" Rabone tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the new license will dictate how much electricity the project generates, and how much water it releases -- and when -- for the next thirty-to-fifty years. That's why there are so many studies, and why FERC relicensing is so important to water agencies, power companies and environmental groups, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's one looming issue that Rabone doesn't have to wrangle any studies for: climate change. FERC doesn't require those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Water and Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore KQED's multimedia series, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/\"> Water and Power\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illustration: \u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/waterneedspower.jsp\">Water Needs Power\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illustration: \u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/powerneedswater.jsp\">Power Needs Water\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Map:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/map.jsp\">California's Hundreds of Dams (and Very Few Undammed Rivers)\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n[/box]\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Change and the \"New Normal\" \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an approach akin to the cliche of putting their heads in the sand,\" says Steve Rothert, the California director for the environmental organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/\">American Rivers\u003c/a>. Rothert says he has asked FERC to include climate change in the relicensing process, but they've turned him down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change projections for the Sierra Nevada vary. The region may get wetter; it may get drier. But scientists agree that it will get warmer, dramatically affecting the snow where most of the region’s water comes from-- and not just in the distant future. There’s evidence that we’re already seeing effects of climate change in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And yet the power companies and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission refuse to consider how climate change will affect these dams and these rivers for the next 50 years,\" says Rothert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48657\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 330px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-48657\" title=\"IMG_3672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/01/IMG_3672.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"330\" height=\"247\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E's Belden Powerhouse is part of the chain of hydro facilities on the Feather River, known as the \"Stairway of Power.\" (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Josh Viers, an ecologist at \u003ca href=\"http://watershed.ucdavis.edu/front?destination=node/116\">The University of California - Davis\u003c/a>, is similarly perplexed. He argues that FERC's decision to depend only on historic weather and water records doesn't make sense anymore, especially for licenses that won’t expire for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of the projections for California in particular -- and these are multiple scientists using different models and different assumptions -- all converge on the same idea,\" explains Viers. \"The climate 35 years from now is not likely to be what we see today.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/11/12/110882/climate_change_could_shrink_sierra_snowpack_dramatically?category=science\">recent study\u003c/a> suggests the emergence of a “new normal” within the next few decades, one in which eight-in-ten winters in the western U.S. will see snow accumulation below what we now consider normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viers says the way California manages water will have to change. Right now, the snowpack itself serves as a reservoir. If it melts earlier, or if more precipitation falls as rain, our man-made reservoirs may have to spill the extra runoff, which could mean more floods in the winter, and more water shortages in the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a lot at stake,\" says Viers. \"So it seems it would be in the public’s best interest if in fact FERC were looking out for the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the strategic planner for one Sierra utility says, when his agency included an entire section on climate effects in its relicensing application, FERC didn’t want it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Not Consider Climate?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FERC officials acknowledge that climate change will have an impact on hydropower, but say the climate models scientists have developed just aren't specific enough to project local impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are not really any models yet that are granular enough that we would feel comfortable basing a decision on the impact of climate change on an individual facility,\" FERC commissioner John Norris told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FERC has also said that the focus of relicensing studies is on how hydropower operations affect resources, not how other things -- in this case, climate change -- affect them. Rothert of American Rivers says that's a red herring, though; the studies he's asked for would concern how hydropower projects affect resources in a changed climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If federal regulators are \"whistling in the dark,\" Rabone from the Yuba County Water Agency says climate change is very much on his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to be very interesting to see what happens, if climate change turns out the way it's theorized to work out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it does, the job of water managers -- balancing the needs of fish, farmers and power plants -- will only get more complicated as the climate changes, whether or not regulators are paying attention.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/48574/climate-threat-to-dams-overlooked-by-regulators",
"authors": [
"200"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9",
"quest_11766"
],
"tags": [
"quest_252",
"quest_984",
"quest_11683",
"quest_11194",
"quest_13203",
"quest_3108"
],
"featImg": "quest_48578",
"label": "quest"
},
"quest_48152": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_48152",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "48152",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1356128054000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1356128054,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Scientists More Outspoken on Exteme Weather-Climate Links",
"title": "Scientists More Outspoken on Exteme Weather-Climate Links",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121224science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48186\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg\" alt=\"extreme weather\" title=\"extreme weather\" width=\"640\" height=\"386\" class=\"size-full wp-image-48186\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather-400x241.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heavy rains put several Northern California towns on flood watch at the end of November. (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Recent extreme weather events, from the Midwestern drought to Hurricane Sandy, have \u003ca title=\"Guardian - story\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/dec/14/extreme-weather-climate-change-scientists\">people paying attention to climate change\u003c/a>. Post-Sandy polls have shown a spike in concern about the climate among Americans. Some \u003ca title=\"NPR - story\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/12/13/167075395/new-york-planners-prep-for-a-new-normal-of-powerful-storms\">scientists have been emboldened\u003c/a> to connect these events directly to human-caused global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them, \u003ca title=\"NASA - Hansen\" href=\"http://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/jhansen.html\">NASA's James Hansen\u003c/a>, who heads NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York and is a climate science pioneer. He was in San Francisco this month to receive the \u003ca title=\"NewsFix - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/12/05/nasas-hansen-californias-cap-trade-doomed-to-fail/\">Stephen Schneider award\u003c/a> for climate communications. As it happened, he had just written an \u003ca title=\"Guardian - op ed\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/nov/29/climate-change-carbon-price?INTCMP=SRCH\">opinion column\u003c/a> for The Guardian newspaper, which drew some pretty straight lines from global warming to Sandy:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The chances of getting a late October hurricane in New York without the help of global warming are extremely small. In that sense, you can blame Sandy on global warming.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Previously few scientists were willing to link any specific weather events to climate change. In a recent studio interview for KQED Science, I asked Hansen if that's changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hansen:\u003c/strong> Well, yes, it's changing in the sense that the climate dice are now noticeably loaded. But in the case of Sandy, the waters in the Atlantic Ocean were a few degrees warmer than normal, so it kept that storm amped up. And, of course, the warmer atmosphere also holds more water vapor, so you get more rainfall and therefore you've got heavier floods. But, in addition, sea level has gone up a measurable amount over the last several decades, and that contributes too. The climate dice are now loaded, and they're becoming more loaded. And it's reaching a level that the public should notice -- that the frequency of extreme events is greater than it used to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CM:\u003c/strong> The public, I think is noticing. We've certainly noticed here in California. Just recently, we had one of these multi-day, multi-wave storms referred to as a \"Pineapple Express.\" Are there climate change fingerprints on that type of event, too?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> Well, there is a fingerprint on extreme rainfall. So if you look at the record rainfalls -- the extreme events -- those are affected by global warming, because the atmosphere holds more water when it's warmer. And the relationship is quite a strong one. So storms -- thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes -- those storms that are driven by a latent heat of water vapor are going to be stronger. The extreme ones are going to be stronger and that's simple physics. But, you can't blame any single event [on warming], so the analogy that was recently drawn of a baseball player on steroids -- that's a good example. He'll hit more home runs, but you can't say that particular home run was because he was on steroids. But you can clearly see there's an impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen has also not minced words about California's newly-established \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - cap & trade\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/capandtrade/\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a>. At the Commonwealth Club, he drew surprised laughs from the audience when he paused briefly, apparently searching for words, and then blurted out, \"Because it's not -- it's half-assed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in our studios, he explained why he thinks so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48160\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 275px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-48160\" title=\"JHansen_NASA\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/JHansen_NASA.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA's Jim Hansen: Cap-and-trade won't get the job done. (Photo: NASA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> California is very useful in providing an example of how you can have a good economy, compared to the rest of the country, and still have low emissions and hopefully go still lower. But, frankly, Cap-and-Trade is not the way to do it. What you need is an honest, flat carbon fee across the board that covers coal, oil, and gas, is collected from the fossil fuel companies, and the money that's collected should be distributed to the public, so that the person who does better than average will actually get more in their dividend than they pay in increased prices. That way, the public would allow this price to go high enough to phase out fossil fuels. And that's what we have to do. But a cap-and-trade system--you have to go big. We tried that with the Kyoto protocol. Most countries just laughed. China and India just laughed at us when we asked them. They're not gonna put a cap-and-trade system on. But if we have this carbon fee, it can be made global.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CM:\u003c/strong> The oil and gas industry and others are still pushing back hard against even the market-based cap-and-trade system here in California. Of course a carbon fee--or tax--would be politically even more difficult to achieve. What do you think the chances of that would be?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> Well, I don't think it is politically more difficult if it's explained to the public. It should be salable--but of course there's no salesman for it. Politicians have not yet been willing to recognize that we can't burn all the fossil fuels. They're allowing, and even encouraging, fossil fuel companies to go after every fossil fuel they can find. Tar sands, tar shale, fracking, mountaintop removal. It's crazy because our children are going to have to figure out a way to suck that CO2 back out of the atmosphere, or they're going to get problems that will be monumental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Hansen and I were talking, negotiators from 194 countries were wrapping up UN climate talks in Quatar. They made scant progress toward an agreement to cut carbon emissions that, if finalized, wouldn't be in place until 2020. Meanwhile, 2012 will likely go down as \u003ca title=\"Climate Central - post\" href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/book-it-2012-the-hottest-year-on-record-15350\">America's warmest year\u003c/a> on record, with worldwide \u003ca title=\"Telegraph - story\" href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/9717280/Doha-Latest-figures-show-global-CO2-emissions-are-rising.html\">carbon emissions reaching a record high\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy New Year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "48152 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=48152",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/21/scientists-more-outspoken-on-exteme-weather-climate-links/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 986,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 16
},
"modified": 1443824325,
"excerpt": "One of the giants of climate science talks about extreme weather...and trashes California's plan to cut emissions.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "One of the giants of climate science talks about extreme weather...and trashes California's plan to cut emissions.",
"title": "Scientists More Outspoken on Exteme Weather-Climate Links | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Scientists More Outspoken on Exteme Weather-Climate Links",
"datePublished": "2012-12-21T14:14:14-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-10-02T15:18:45-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "scientists-more-outspoken-on-exteme-weather-climate-links",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/48152/scientists-more-outspoken-on-exteme-weather-climate-links",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121224science.mp3",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "audioLink",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"src": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121224science.mp3"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48186\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg\" alt=\"extreme weather\" title=\"extreme weather\" width=\"640\" height=\"386\" class=\"size-full wp-image-48186\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/weather-400x241.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heavy rains put several Northern California towns on flood watch at the end of November. (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Recent extreme weather events, from the Midwestern drought to Hurricane Sandy, have \u003ca title=\"Guardian - story\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/dec/14/extreme-weather-climate-change-scientists\">people paying attention to climate change\u003c/a>. Post-Sandy polls have shown a spike in concern about the climate among Americans. Some \u003ca title=\"NPR - story\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/12/13/167075395/new-york-planners-prep-for-a-new-normal-of-powerful-storms\">scientists have been emboldened\u003c/a> to connect these events directly to human-caused global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them, \u003ca title=\"NASA - Hansen\" href=\"http://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/jhansen.html\">NASA's James Hansen\u003c/a>, who heads NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York and is a climate science pioneer. He was in San Francisco this month to receive the \u003ca title=\"NewsFix - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/12/05/nasas-hansen-californias-cap-trade-doomed-to-fail/\">Stephen Schneider award\u003c/a> for climate communications. As it happened, he had just written an \u003ca title=\"Guardian - op ed\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/nov/29/climate-change-carbon-price?INTCMP=SRCH\">opinion column\u003c/a> for The Guardian newspaper, which drew some pretty straight lines from global warming to Sandy:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The chances of getting a late October hurricane in New York without the help of global warming are extremely small. In that sense, you can blame Sandy on global warming.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Previously few scientists were willing to link any specific weather events to climate change. In a recent studio interview for KQED Science, I asked Hansen if that's changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hansen:\u003c/strong> Well, yes, it's changing in the sense that the climate dice are now noticeably loaded. But in the case of Sandy, the waters in the Atlantic Ocean were a few degrees warmer than normal, so it kept that storm amped up. And, of course, the warmer atmosphere also holds more water vapor, so you get more rainfall and therefore you've got heavier floods. But, in addition, sea level has gone up a measurable amount over the last several decades, and that contributes too. The climate dice are now loaded, and they're becoming more loaded. And it's reaching a level that the public should notice -- that the frequency of extreme events is greater than it used to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CM:\u003c/strong> The public, I think is noticing. We've certainly noticed here in California. Just recently, we had one of these multi-day, multi-wave storms referred to as a \"Pineapple Express.\" Are there climate change fingerprints on that type of event, too?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> Well, there is a fingerprint on extreme rainfall. So if you look at the record rainfalls -- the extreme events -- those are affected by global warming, because the atmosphere holds more water when it's warmer. And the relationship is quite a strong one. So storms -- thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes -- those storms that are driven by a latent heat of water vapor are going to be stronger. The extreme ones are going to be stronger and that's simple physics. But, you can't blame any single event [on warming], so the analogy that was recently drawn of a baseball player on steroids -- that's a good example. He'll hit more home runs, but you can't say that particular home run was because he was on steroids. But you can clearly see there's an impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen has also not minced words about California's newly-established \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - cap & trade\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/capandtrade/\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a>. At the Commonwealth Club, he drew surprised laughs from the audience when he paused briefly, apparently searching for words, and then blurted out, \"Because it's not -- it's half-assed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in our studios, he explained why he thinks so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_48160\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 275px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-48160\" title=\"JHansen_NASA\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/JHansen_NASA.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA's Jim Hansen: Cap-and-trade won't get the job done. (Photo: NASA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> California is very useful in providing an example of how you can have a good economy, compared to the rest of the country, and still have low emissions and hopefully go still lower. But, frankly, Cap-and-Trade is not the way to do it. What you need is an honest, flat carbon fee across the board that covers coal, oil, and gas, is collected from the fossil fuel companies, and the money that's collected should be distributed to the public, so that the person who does better than average will actually get more in their dividend than they pay in increased prices. That way, the public would allow this price to go high enough to phase out fossil fuels. And that's what we have to do. But a cap-and-trade system--you have to go big. We tried that with the Kyoto protocol. Most countries just laughed. China and India just laughed at us when we asked them. They're not gonna put a cap-and-trade system on. But if we have this carbon fee, it can be made global.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CM:\u003c/strong> The oil and gas industry and others are still pushing back hard against even the market-based cap-and-trade system here in California. Of course a carbon fee--or tax--would be politically even more difficult to achieve. What do you think the chances of that would be?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JH:\u003c/strong> Well, I don't think it is politically more difficult if it's explained to the public. It should be salable--but of course there's no salesman for it. Politicians have not yet been willing to recognize that we can't burn all the fossil fuels. They're allowing, and even encouraging, fossil fuel companies to go after every fossil fuel they can find. Tar sands, tar shale, fracking, mountaintop removal. It's crazy because our children are going to have to figure out a way to suck that CO2 back out of the atmosphere, or they're going to get problems that will be monumental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Hansen and I were talking, negotiators from 194 countries were wrapping up UN climate talks in Quatar. They made scant progress toward an agreement to cut carbon emissions that, if finalized, wouldn't be in place until 2020. Meanwhile, 2012 will likely go down as \u003ca title=\"Climate Central - post\" href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/book-it-2012-the-hottest-year-on-record-15350\">America's warmest year\u003c/a> on record, with worldwide \u003ca title=\"Telegraph - story\" href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/9717280/Doha-Latest-figures-show-global-CO2-emissions-are-rising.html\">carbon emissions reaching a record high\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy New Year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/48152/scientists-more-outspoken-on-exteme-weather-climate-links",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_13195",
"quest_11581",
"quest_11662",
"quest_11661",
"quest_11194"
],
"featImg": "quest_48187",
"label": "quest"
},
"quest_47827": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47827",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47827",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1355328042000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1355328042,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Can Earth Survive Without Scientist-Citizens?",
"title": "Can Earth Survive Without Scientist-Citizens?",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47829\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/arctic-fox-pup-feature/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47829\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-47829\" title=\"arctic fox pup feature\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) pup in the Pribilof Islands, St. Paul Island, off the coast of mainland Alaska in the Bering Sea. Juvenile mortality can reach 90% (from starvation and predation) during their first year when lemming abundance is low. Climate change threatens arctic fox survival by reducing the snow depth that lemmings depend on for shelter and insulation. (Image: Mike Boylan/USFWS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When scientists start giving talks called \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/12/is-earth-fked-agu-scientist-asks.html?rss=1\">“Is Earth F***ed?”\u003c/a>, it’s safe to say we’ve entered a new era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, at the largest annual gathering of earth and space scientists in the world, geophysicist Brad Werner caused quite a stir with his decidedly unscholarly framing of the question on everyone’s mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Werner’s talk at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco was inspired, he said, by friends who were \"quite depressed” about earth’s future and our inability to “respond appropriately.” (His talk starts at 25 minutes.) To get a sense of what might change our trajectory toward planetary disaster, Werner, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://complex-systems.ucsd.edu/\">Complex Systems Laboratory\u003c/a> at UC San Diego, modeled interactions between human social processes and environmental systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His model predicts that a capitalist culture, operating with few restraints to maximize short-term gains, prevents us from taking the longer view needed to prevent environmental destruction. Simulations show that unfettered economies will quickly burn through natural resources. Factoring in regulation, which constrains but doesn’t change the dominant economic culture, simply delays the damage. The only thing that might tip the balance toward a sustainable future, Werner says, is resistance, if people push back against the status quo. But he hasn’t run the simulations to test this idea yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Werner urged his colleagues to start thinking about sustainability as a geophysical problem and to lend their expertise to studying the complex dynamics of human-environmental interactions: “It’s not something that we can just leave for the social scientists or the humanities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47863\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 622px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/greenland-slide/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47863\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-47863\" title=\"greenland slide arctic report card NOAA, 2012\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/greenland-slide-622x360.jpg\" alt=\"arctic report card NOAA, 2012, greenland\" width=\"622\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rare, nearly ice-sheet-wide melt was recorded by satellites for the first time in 2012. The melt season was the longest it has been since satellite observations began in 1979. Melting ice contributes to sea level rise through direct, mass loss, and melt water can lubricate the underside of glaciers and accelerate glacier flow, further contributing to sea level rise. Surface melt changes the shape of ice and snow crystals, making them less reflective. (Source: Arctic Report Card, 2012, NOAA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But is that enough? If we’re really pushing earth toward an irreversible tipping point, as a group of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/blog/archives/3011\">top scientists warned last summer\u003c/a>, should scientists be doing more than research? Do scientists have a responsibility to step outside the academy and do whatever they can to set us on a more sustainable trajectory?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Lubchenco says yes. Just a half hour before Werner laid out his somber predictions for our future, \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/lubchenco.html\">Lubchenco\u003c/a>, under secretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere and head of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, revealed the findings of her agency’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard/\">Arctic Report Card \u003c/a>at an AGU \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAKZXxjHXsM\">press conference.\u003c/a> Noting that dramatic physical changes—including record low snow and sea ice levels and unprecedented ice sheet surface melting—are triggering biological changes such as less productivity at the bottom of the food chain, Lubchenco showed just how bleak things have already become. (See video below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, she traveled across the bay to \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/12/10/jane-lubchenco-wicked-problems/\">tell her academic colleagues at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> what they can do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a longstanding (if mostly unspoken) tradition, scientists often look askance at colleagues who spend time engaging the public and government officials in science, thinking they do so at the expense of good science. Lubchenco believes that type of thinking is a luxury we can ill afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laying out the litany of “wicked problems” we face—climate change, loss of biodiversity, ocean acidification, and freshwater depletion to name just a few—Lubchenco urged scientists to move beyond simply documenting environmental destruction to creating solutions. “That means engaging with society and thinking differently about what our roles as scientists are,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47832\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/janelubchenco/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47832\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47832\" title=\"jane lubchenco\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/janelubchenco-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"Jane Lubchenco NOAA administrator\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NOAA Administrator Jane Lubchenco tells academic researchers at UC Berkeley that in the face of \"wicked problems\" like climate change and biodiversity loss they no longer have the luxury of just doing science they think is cool. (Photo: Barry Bergman)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We scientists, whether we’re wearing government hats or academic hats, have a responsibility to society in exchange for public funding,” she said. That means not just “doing things we think are cool but really wrestling with some of these big problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old divisions between basic science and applied science no longer describes the world we live in, Lubchenco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most researchers think their work is over when they share the knowledge they gain with their colleagues in meetings and peer-reviewed journals. But that’s just a first step, in Lubchenco's view. She urged her Berkeley audience to share what they’ve learned with the public, policymakers, and decision makers and to make the effort to understand how they can design studies to make sure their research makes a difference. They need to think about how their research can guide public officials’ approaches to regulating and managing ecosystems, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Lubchenco, it’s all part of being a responsible human being. It's incumbent upon scientists, she said, “to renew our social contract in light of the environmental challenges that face us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If enough scientists take her advice, maybe, one day, we’ll be able to answer “no” to Werner's question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"560\" height=\"315\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/O5h02Yc6lfA?version=3&hl=en_US&rel=0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cembed width=\"560\" height=\"315\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/O5h02Yc6lfA?version=3&hl=en_US&rel=0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allowscriptaccess=\"always\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47827 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47827",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 968,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1443826226,
"excerpt": "Last summer, a group of top scientists warned that our penchant for growth and consumption may be pushing earth toward an irreversible tipping point. The days when scientists could share their results with just their colleagues are over, says NOAA Administrator Jane Lubchenco. It's time for scientists to help solve our \"wicked problems.\"",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Last summer, a group of top scientists warned that our penchant for growth and consumption may be pushing earth toward an irreversible tipping point. The days when scientists could share their results with just their colleagues are over, says NOAA Administrator Jane Lubchenco. It's time for scientists to help solve our "wicked problems."",
"title": "Can Earth Survive Without Scientist-Citizens? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Can Earth Survive Without Scientist-Citizens?",
"datePublished": "2012-12-12T08:00:42-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-10-02T15:50:26-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47827/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47829\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/arctic-fox-pup-feature/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47829\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-47829\" title=\"arctic fox pup feature\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/arctic-fox-pup-feature-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) pup in the Pribilof Islands, St. Paul Island, off the coast of mainland Alaska in the Bering Sea. Juvenile mortality can reach 90% (from starvation and predation) during their first year when lemming abundance is low. Climate change threatens arctic fox survival by reducing the snow depth that lemmings depend on for shelter and insulation. (Image: Mike Boylan/USFWS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When scientists start giving talks called \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/12/is-earth-fked-agu-scientist-asks.html?rss=1\">“Is Earth F***ed?”\u003c/a>, it’s safe to say we’ve entered a new era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, at the largest annual gathering of earth and space scientists in the world, geophysicist Brad Werner caused quite a stir with his decidedly unscholarly framing of the question on everyone’s mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Werner’s talk at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco was inspired, he said, by friends who were \"quite depressed” about earth’s future and our inability to “respond appropriately.” (His talk starts at 25 minutes.) To get a sense of what might change our trajectory toward planetary disaster, Werner, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://complex-systems.ucsd.edu/\">Complex Systems Laboratory\u003c/a> at UC San Diego, modeled interactions between human social processes and environmental systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His model predicts that a capitalist culture, operating with few restraints to maximize short-term gains, prevents us from taking the longer view needed to prevent environmental destruction. Simulations show that unfettered economies will quickly burn through natural resources. Factoring in regulation, which constrains but doesn’t change the dominant economic culture, simply delays the damage. The only thing that might tip the balance toward a sustainable future, Werner says, is resistance, if people push back against the status quo. But he hasn’t run the simulations to test this idea yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Werner urged his colleagues to start thinking about sustainability as a geophysical problem and to lend their expertise to studying the complex dynamics of human-environmental interactions: “It’s not something that we can just leave for the social scientists or the humanities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47863\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 622px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/greenland-slide/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47863\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-47863\" title=\"greenland slide arctic report card NOAA, 2012\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/greenland-slide-622x360.jpg\" alt=\"arctic report card NOAA, 2012, greenland\" width=\"622\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rare, nearly ice-sheet-wide melt was recorded by satellites for the first time in 2012. The melt season was the longest it has been since satellite observations began in 1979. Melting ice contributes to sea level rise through direct, mass loss, and melt water can lubricate the underside of glaciers and accelerate glacier flow, further contributing to sea level rise. Surface melt changes the shape of ice and snow crystals, making them less reflective. (Source: Arctic Report Card, 2012, NOAA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But is that enough? If we’re really pushing earth toward an irreversible tipping point, as a group of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/blog/archives/3011\">top scientists warned last summer\u003c/a>, should scientists be doing more than research? Do scientists have a responsibility to step outside the academy and do whatever they can to set us on a more sustainable trajectory?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Lubchenco says yes. Just a half hour before Werner laid out his somber predictions for our future, \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/lubchenco.html\">Lubchenco\u003c/a>, under secretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere and head of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, revealed the findings of her agency’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard/\">Arctic Report Card \u003c/a>at an AGU \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAKZXxjHXsM\">press conference.\u003c/a> Noting that dramatic physical changes—including record low snow and sea ice levels and unprecedented ice sheet surface melting—are triggering biological changes such as less productivity at the bottom of the food chain, Lubchenco showed just how bleak things have already become. (See video below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, she traveled across the bay to \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/12/10/jane-lubchenco-wicked-problems/\">tell her academic colleagues at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> what they can do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a longstanding (if mostly unspoken) tradition, scientists often look askance at colleagues who spend time engaging the public and government officials in science, thinking they do so at the expense of good science. Lubchenco believes that type of thinking is a luxury we can ill afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laying out the litany of “wicked problems” we face—climate change, loss of biodiversity, ocean acidification, and freshwater depletion to name just a few—Lubchenco urged scientists to move beyond simply documenting environmental destruction to creating solutions. “That means engaging with society and thinking differently about what our roles as scientists are,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47832\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/12/12/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens/janelubchenco/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47832\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47832\" title=\"jane lubchenco\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/12/janelubchenco-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"Jane Lubchenco NOAA administrator\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NOAA Administrator Jane Lubchenco tells academic researchers at UC Berkeley that in the face of \"wicked problems\" like climate change and biodiversity loss they no longer have the luxury of just doing science they think is cool. (Photo: Barry Bergman)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We scientists, whether we’re wearing government hats or academic hats, have a responsibility to society in exchange for public funding,” she said. That means not just “doing things we think are cool but really wrestling with some of these big problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old divisions between basic science and applied science no longer describes the world we live in, Lubchenco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most researchers think their work is over when they share the knowledge they gain with their colleagues in meetings and peer-reviewed journals. But that’s just a first step, in Lubchenco's view. She urged her Berkeley audience to share what they’ve learned with the public, policymakers, and decision makers and to make the effort to understand how they can design studies to make sure their research makes a difference. They need to think about how their research can guide public officials’ approaches to regulating and managing ecosystems, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Lubchenco, it’s all part of being a responsible human being. It's incumbent upon scientists, she said, “to renew our social contract in light of the environmental challenges that face us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If enough scientists take her advice, maybe, one day, we’ll be able to answer “no” to Werner's question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"560\" height=\"315\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/O5h02Yc6lfA?version=3&hl=en_US&rel=0\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cembed width=\"560\" height=\"315\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/v/O5h02Yc6lfA?version=3&hl=en_US&rel=0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allowscriptaccess=\"always\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47827/can-earth-survive-without-scientist-citizens",
"authors": [
"6322"
],
"categories": [
"quest_4",
"quest_6",
"quest_9",
"quest_11"
],
"tags": [
"quest_11649",
"quest_326",
"quest_621",
"quest_11648",
"quest_11277",
"quest_1224",
"quest_11646",
"quest_2001",
"quest_11647",
"quest_13"
],
"featImg": "quest_47829",
"label": "quest"
},
"quest_47375": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47375",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47375",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1354305997000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest",
"term": 10636
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1354305997,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Growing Pains for California's Electric Car Charging Network",
"title": "Growing Pains for California's Electric Car Charging Network",
"headTitle": "Clean Car Diaries | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121203science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47607\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 636px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-47607\" title=\"Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg\" alt=\"Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\" width=\"636\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg 636w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine pulling up to a gas station and finding out that the pumps aren’t working or that you have to be a subscriber to fill up. Those are just a couple of the challenges that drivers of electric cars face as public charging stations slowly roll out. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/alisonvandiggelen/\">Alison van Diggelen\u003c/a>, herself an early adopter, explores the growing pains of building an electric car charging network and the fledgling new industry rising up to meet the challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>________ \u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Range Anxiety - A Short Leash\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47412\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47412 \" style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 7px\" title=\"KQED's Alison van Diggelen gets a fast charge with Ecotality's Blink network, at Intuit Campus, Menlo Park\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Ali-charging-at-blink-fastcharger-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alison van Diggelen gets a fast charge with Ecotality's Blink network, Intuit Campus, Menlo Park\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles are a popular and \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/11/electric-cars_n_2115124.html\">growing trend\u003c/a> in California. But it can take hours to charge them, and there are \u003cem>only a handful\u003c/em> of fast chargers in the whole state. I recently visited one of California’s fast chargers at a Silicon Valley software company’s parking lot in Menlo Park, eager to get a charge for my all-electric Nissan Leaf. I’d traveled over 35 miles (that’s 70 round trip) from my home charger, and range anxiety had kicked in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, I did make it home, but only after bypassing another fast charger that required I swipe a membership card which I don’t have. I used \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/plugshare/id421788217?mt=8\">an app\u003c/a> on my phone to find the charger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John O'Dell, Senior Editor \u003ca href=\"http://www.edmunds.com/about/authors/john-odell.html\">at Edmunds.com\u003c/a> says for electric cars to catch on it's vital to have a reliable charging network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public charging infrastructure is critical to the widespread acceptance of plug-in and particularly battery electric vehicles. Because without public chargers you basically have a fairly short leash on your vehicle and you are not going to be willing to drive it long distances.”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most driving and charging takes place within 40 miles of home, the lack of freedom to go much further has become a roadblock to purchasing electric cars for many Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Loosening the Leash\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry O’Day, with New Jersey-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrgenergy.com/about/index.html\">energy company NRG\u003c/a>, is hoping to loosen the leash on electric cars. I caught up with him at a charger at a San Francisco parking garage. As part of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/11/cpuc-20121106.html\">settlement\u003c/a> over claims stemming from California’s energy crisis, NRG will install 200 fast-chargers and wiring for 10,000 standard chargers statewide by 2016. NRG is calling its fast chargers, “Freedom stations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re not tethered to a radius…this is much more like a gasoline fueling infrastructure where you can fast fill anywhere you need to go,” says O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47423\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 274px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47423\" title=\"Terry O'Day heads NRG's California charger roll out\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Terry-ODay-heads-NRGs-CA-charger-rollout1-274x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"274\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terry O'Day heads NRG's California charger roll out\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fast chargers can give fifty miles of driving range in fifteen minutes. But because there are only a few, drivers usually opt for a standard charger, which can take more than three hours to get the same driving range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fast Charger Challenges\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are looking for a well distributed network, like a cell phone network. It’s a small “d” democratic network that provides freedom to move within a region,” says O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a multitude of challenges face NRG and other charging companies, like Bay Area-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.chargepoint.com/\">ChargePoint\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecotality.com/\">Ecotality\u003c/a>. Fast chargers produce very high voltage. They require complicated permitting. And they cost upward of $40,000 each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the financials don’t add up says NRG’s Terry O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public charging infrastructure is extraordinarily expensive and there aren’t enough cars right now so there isn’t an effective business model to make the investment work,” he says.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how many companies does it take to install a comprehensive network of electric vehicle chargers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not as simple as changing a light bulb,”\u003cem> \u003c/em>says\u003cem> \u003c/em>Ravi Brar, CEO of Ecotality, in San Francisco. \u003cem> \u003c/em>“It takes some effort, cooperation and coordination. It’s a sea change… a revolution in transportation. The biggest challenge might be that there are a hundred little challenges.”\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to date, there hasn’t been much coordination. There are \u003ca href=\"http://green.autoblog.com/2012/10/17/sae-sets-standards-for-dc-combo-fast-charging/\">two different standards\u003c/a> for fast chargers: one US-European, one Japanese. It’s much like the format war between VHS and Betamax. One of them will likely lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47417\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47417\" title=\"Japanese CHAdeMO fast charger and standard port on Nissan Leaf\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Japanese-CHAdeMO-fastcharger-and-standard-port-on-Nissan-Leaf-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese CHAdeMO fast charger and standard port on a Nissan Leaf\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to complicate matters, Tesla Motors, a leading electric car company, is building a \u003ca href=\"http://www.teslamotors.com/supercharger\">proprietary network \u003c/a>of fast chargers, which won’t work with either standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Romano, CEO of ChargePoint in Silicon Valley, describes the current state of electric car charging as “somewhat of a mess,” but he’s optimistic the fast charger standards will get sorted out in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Second Inning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romano takes a long view and uses a baseball analogy, describing 2009 as the “first inning,” when modern chargers were first going in and electric cars were just being announced by car makers. Today, he says we are solidly in the second inning.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nTo date, about 50,000 plug-in cars have been sold in the U.S. About one third of those sales were made in California, thanks to \u003ca href=\"http://www.afdc.energy.gov/laws/state_summary/CA\">pioneering state rules\u003c/a> that include rebates and carpool privileges for drivers of electric cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are over 1000 public chargers in California today. Romano predicts a tipping point by the end of 2014, when he expects to see hundreds of thousands of electric cars on the road and lots more chargers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we hit about the 5th or 6th inning the mass market is really taking it up,” says Romano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For early adopters like Terry O’Day, of NRG, it’s not surprising the demand is growing for electric vehicles.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s quick off the line, unexpectedly fast, it’s quiet. You feel like you’re part of a revolution when you’re in the seat of an EV,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many enthusiasts, he believes more chargers will help boost electric car sales. Under the NRG mandate, fast chargers alone are set to quadruple in California in the next year. And just as all eyes were on California as the state launched its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works/\">Cap-and-Trade program\u003c/a>, the world will be watching to see if this public charger roll out helps jump start electric car sales in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>____\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More resources on Electric Driving and Charging\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/clean-car-diaries/\">Clean Car Diaries\u003c/a> - over 25 stories from the Quest team on driving electric cars\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity.html\">Alternative Fuels Data Center\u003c/a> - Dept. of Energy Resource for EV Charging, locations and incentives\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://drivingelectric.org/\">Driving Electric\u003c/a> - Online community for plug-in drivers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/groups/BayLeafs/\">San Francisco BayLEAFs\u003c/a> - Facebook community for Nissan Leaf drivers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plugshare.com/\">Map of Charger Locations \u003c/a>- Locations and reviews of all charger types, public and private, nationwide\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47375 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=47375",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/30/growing-pains-for-californias-electric-car-charging-network/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1194,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 38
},
"modified": 1443824318,
"excerpt": "KQED Science explores the growing pains of building an electric car charging network and the fledgling new industry rising up to meet the challenge.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "KQED Science explores the growing pains of building an electric car charging network and the fledgling new industry rising up to meet the challenge.",
"title": "Growing Pains for California's Electric Car Charging Network | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Growing Pains for California's Electric Car Charging Network",
"datePublished": "2012-11-30T12:06:37-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-10-02T15:18:38-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "growing-pains-for-californias-electric-car-charging-network",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47375/growing-pains-for-californias-electric-car-charging-network",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121203science.mp3",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "audioLink",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"src": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/12/20121203science.mp3"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47607\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 636px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-47607\" title=\"Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg\" alt=\"Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\" width=\"636\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch.jpg 636w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/bishop-ranch-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bishop Ranch, San Ramon Fast Charger\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine pulling up to a gas station and finding out that the pumps aren’t working or that you have to be a subscriber to fill up. Those are just a couple of the challenges that drivers of electric cars face as public charging stations slowly roll out. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/alisonvandiggelen/\">Alison van Diggelen\u003c/a>, herself an early adopter, explores the growing pains of building an electric car charging network and the fledgling new industry rising up to meet the challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>________ \u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Range Anxiety - A Short Leash\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47412\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47412 \" style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 7px\" title=\"KQED's Alison van Diggelen gets a fast charge with Ecotality's Blink network, at Intuit Campus, Menlo Park\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Ali-charging-at-blink-fastcharger-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alison van Diggelen gets a fast charge with Ecotality's Blink network, Intuit Campus, Menlo Park\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles are a popular and \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/11/electric-cars_n_2115124.html\">growing trend\u003c/a> in California. But it can take hours to charge them, and there are \u003cem>only a handful\u003c/em> of fast chargers in the whole state. I recently visited one of California’s fast chargers at a Silicon Valley software company’s parking lot in Menlo Park, eager to get a charge for my all-electric Nissan Leaf. I’d traveled over 35 miles (that’s 70 round trip) from my home charger, and range anxiety had kicked in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, I did make it home, but only after bypassing another fast charger that required I swipe a membership card which I don’t have. I used \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/plugshare/id421788217?mt=8\">an app\u003c/a> on my phone to find the charger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John O'Dell, Senior Editor \u003ca href=\"http://www.edmunds.com/about/authors/john-odell.html\">at Edmunds.com\u003c/a> says for electric cars to catch on it's vital to have a reliable charging network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public charging infrastructure is critical to the widespread acceptance of plug-in and particularly battery electric vehicles. Because without public chargers you basically have a fairly short leash on your vehicle and you are not going to be willing to drive it long distances.”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most driving and charging takes place within 40 miles of home, the lack of freedom to go much further has become a roadblock to purchasing electric cars for many Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Loosening the Leash\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terry O’Day, with New Jersey-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrgenergy.com/about/index.html\">energy company NRG\u003c/a>, is hoping to loosen the leash on electric cars. I caught up with him at a charger at a San Francisco parking garage. As part of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/11/cpuc-20121106.html\">settlement\u003c/a> over claims stemming from California’s energy crisis, NRG will install 200 fast-chargers and wiring for 10,000 standard chargers statewide by 2016. NRG is calling its fast chargers, “Freedom stations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re not tethered to a radius…this is much more like a gasoline fueling infrastructure where you can fast fill anywhere you need to go,” says O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47423\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 274px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47423\" title=\"Terry O'Day heads NRG's California charger roll out\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Terry-ODay-heads-NRGs-CA-charger-rollout1-274x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"274\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terry O'Day heads NRG's California charger roll out\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fast chargers can give fifty miles of driving range in fifteen minutes. But because there are only a few, drivers usually opt for a standard charger, which can take more than three hours to get the same driving range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fast Charger Challenges\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are looking for a well distributed network, like a cell phone network. It’s a small “d” democratic network that provides freedom to move within a region,” says O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a multitude of challenges face NRG and other charging companies, like Bay Area-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.chargepoint.com/\">ChargePoint\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecotality.com/\">Ecotality\u003c/a>. Fast chargers produce very high voltage. They require complicated permitting. And they cost upward of $40,000 each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the financials don’t add up says NRG’s Terry O’Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The public charging infrastructure is extraordinarily expensive and there aren’t enough cars right now so there isn’t an effective business model to make the investment work,” he says.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how many companies does it take to install a comprehensive network of electric vehicle chargers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not as simple as changing a light bulb,”\u003cem> \u003c/em>says\u003cem> \u003c/em>Ravi Brar, CEO of Ecotality, in San Francisco. \u003cem> \u003c/em>“It takes some effort, cooperation and coordination. It’s a sea change… a revolution in transportation. The biggest challenge might be that there are a hundred little challenges.”\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to date, there hasn’t been much coordination. There are \u003ca href=\"http://green.autoblog.com/2012/10/17/sae-sets-standards-for-dc-combo-fast-charging/\">two different standards\u003c/a> for fast chargers: one US-European, one Japanese. It’s much like the format war between VHS and Betamax. One of them will likely lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47417\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47417\" title=\"Japanese CHAdeMO fast charger and standard port on Nissan Leaf\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Japanese-CHAdeMO-fastcharger-and-standard-port-on-Nissan-Leaf-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese CHAdeMO fast charger and standard port on a Nissan Leaf\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to complicate matters, Tesla Motors, a leading electric car company, is building a \u003ca href=\"http://www.teslamotors.com/supercharger\">proprietary network \u003c/a>of fast chargers, which won’t work with either standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Romano, CEO of ChargePoint in Silicon Valley, describes the current state of electric car charging as “somewhat of a mess,” but he’s optimistic the fast charger standards will get sorted out in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Second Inning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romano takes a long view and uses a baseball analogy, describing 2009 as the “first inning,” when modern chargers were first going in and electric cars were just being announced by car makers. Today, he says we are solidly in the second inning.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nTo date, about 50,000 plug-in cars have been sold in the U.S. About one third of those sales were made in California, thanks to \u003ca href=\"http://www.afdc.energy.gov/laws/state_summary/CA\">pioneering state rules\u003c/a> that include rebates and carpool privileges for drivers of electric cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are over 1000 public chargers in California today. Romano predicts a tipping point by the end of 2014, when he expects to see hundreds of thousands of electric cars on the road and lots more chargers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we hit about the 5th or 6th inning the mass market is really taking it up,” says Romano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For early adopters like Terry O’Day, of NRG, it’s not surprising the demand is growing for electric vehicles.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s quick off the line, unexpectedly fast, it’s quiet. You feel like you’re part of a revolution when you’re in the seat of an EV,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many enthusiasts, he believes more chargers will help boost electric car sales. Under the NRG mandate, fast chargers alone are set to quadruple in California in the next year. And just as all eyes were on California as the state launched its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works/\">Cap-and-Trade program\u003c/a>, the world will be watching to see if this public charger roll out helps jump start electric car sales in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>____\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More resources on Electric Driving and Charging\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/clean-car-diaries/\">Clean Car Diaries\u003c/a> - over 25 stories from the Quest team on driving electric cars\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity.html\">Alternative Fuels Data Center\u003c/a> - Dept. of Energy Resource for EV Charging, locations and incentives\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://drivingelectric.org/\">Driving Electric\u003c/a> - Online community for plug-in drivers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/groups/BayLeafs/\">San Francisco BayLEAFs\u003c/a> - Facebook community for Nissan Leaf drivers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plugshare.com/\">Map of Charger Locations \u003c/a>- Locations and reviews of all charger types, public and private, nationwide\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47375/growing-pains-for-californias-electric-car-charging-network",
"authors": [
"10333"
],
"series": [
"quest_10636"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_8",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_438",
"quest_11281",
"quest_554",
"quest_10988",
"quest_11624",
"quest_10850",
"quest_1076",
"quest_11194",
"quest_13203",
"quest_1996",
"quest_11623",
"quest_2904"
],
"featImg": "quest_47515",
"label": "quest_10636"
},
"quest_47256": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47256",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47256",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1353376016000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest",
"term": 11591
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1353376016,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "So How Much Does Carbon Cost?",
"title": "So How Much Does Carbon Cost?",
"headTitle": "Cap and Trade | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47257\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/19/so-how-much-does-carbon-cost/losangelessmog092111/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47257\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-47257 \" title=\"LosAngelesSmog092111\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smog in LA (GABRIEL BOUYS/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tara Siler talked with KQED Science Editor Craig Miller about the results of the auction for KQED News. This is an extended version of their interview. The transcript has been edited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we have a first glimpse of how California's experiment in carbon trading is working out. The state's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works/\">first auction\u003c/a> of industrial permits for greenhouse gases actually happened last week--but \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/auction/november_2012/auction1_results_2012q4nov.pdf\">results\u003c/a> [PDF] were released on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tara Siler:\u003c/strong> This was the opening bell of sorts for a stock market of carbon emissions in California. If the bell rang last week, why are we now finding out what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Craig Miller:\u003c/strong> It actually happened last Wednesday, but it was done under extremely tight wraps. The state would not even reveal who exactly would be participating in the auction and no one was allowed to see it in progress except officials, participants and some consultants. They wanted to avoid any chance that anybody would try to engage in some kind of manipulation. And then after the fact they wanted to go back over all the results with a fine-toothed comb and actually have it looked at again and certified by the state before they released the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason for this is because years ago, when they first started doing this in Europe there was some manipulation in the early going. That's been since fixed, but they didn't want to duplicate those mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So how did this experiment go?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> According to state regulators, it went pretty well. In fact, Mary Nichols, who runs the agency, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/capandtrade.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>, responsible for this regulation would go beyond that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Nichols:\u003c/strong> We're delighted by this. Our goal here is to reduce Carbon at a good price, in a way that is flexible for the companies that are covered, and we feel like we're showing, as we'd hoped and intended, that that is actually going to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MIller:\u003c/strong> I think that's relief, is what you're hearing. It does seem like a system that's going to work. And at the end of the day, there was actually -- for the first time ever -- a price for Carbon established in California, which was just a hair over ten dollars a metric ton. So if you've got ten bucks, you can go out and buy a ton of Carbon on the market in California now. That's just a little bit above the minimum that regulators set for the auction, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> And what's the significance of that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller: \u003c/strong>It's relatively low compared to what it could have been. Some would argue you want the price of Carbon to be very high, because you want to create a disincentive -- that's the whole idea here -- a disincentive for companies to be spewing it into the atmosphere. So you want to make it expensive for them to do that. But others would argue that in order to keep jobs and companies from potentially leaving California, rather than have to pay these fees, and to create a smooth transition to the program, it's not bad to have it relatively low, at least to start with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> Now right before this auction happened, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calchamber.com/Pages/Default.aspx\">California Chamber of Commerce\u003c/a> filed a lawsuit trying to invalidate the auction. Where is that at this point?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> It's sitting there waiting for the courts to act. They make it very clear, they weren't trying to stop the auction. But ultimately they don't like the idea that the state is withholding allowances for itself and making companies buy them. They want those allowances to be given away for free to make it as easy as possible for companies to make this transition, and that's what they're hoping eventually the court will rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So where do we go from here? Are these auctions going to be a regular event and are they going to be so top-secret?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> They are going to be a regular event. They probably will continue to be pretty confidential, too. The next one is in February. And then over time the market will decide what a ton of Carbon is worth. But yes, these will be regular events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So the big question for Californians is, what's it going to cost us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Kind of hard to say right now. Some of the pieces of that puzzle are coming together. On Friday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/puc/\">California Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> came out with a plan that will actually pay what they call a \"climate dividend.\" If there's an increase in your electric rates as a result of cap-and-trade and the fees that companies are having to pay, you will get that money back in the form of a couple dividends every year, and might even make some money on the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also speculation that in 2015 when this program expands to transportation fuels and other things beyond what it's covering now, it might increase the price of gasoline by about 18 cents, but that's not until 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So this cap-and-trade program has been cited as an example of California's leadership on environmental policies. Is anybody following us at this point?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> I talked with Mary Nichols a couple of years ago and asked her very specifically about this, and she said, \"California will not go it alone on cap-and-trade.\" But we are right now. There are other states that were kind of lined up in this thing they call the \u003ca href=\"http://www.westernclimateinitiative.org/\">Western Climate Initiative\u003c/a> with intent to eventually consider joining, but right now there is nobody. The next one inline seems to be a Canadian province, Quebec.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47256 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47256",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/19/so-how-much-does-carbon-cost/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 976,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 22
},
"modified": 1368124509,
"excerpt": "Now we have a first glimpse of how California's experiment in carbon trading is working out. The state's first auction of industrial permits for greenhouse gases actually happened last week--but results were released on Monday.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Now we have a first glimpse of how California's experiment in carbon trading is working out. The state's first auction of industrial permits for greenhouse gases actually happened last week--but results were released on Monday.",
"title": "So How Much Does Carbon Cost? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "So How Much Does Carbon Cost?",
"datePublished": "2012-11-19T17:46:56-08:00",
"dateModified": "2013-05-09T11:35:09-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "so-how-much-does-carbon-cost",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47256/so-how-much-does-carbon-cost",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47257\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/19/so-how-much-does-carbon-cost/losangelessmog092111/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47257\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-47257 \" title=\"LosAngelesSmog092111\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/LosAngelesSmog092111-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smog in LA (GABRIEL BOUYS/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tara Siler talked with KQED Science Editor Craig Miller about the results of the auction for KQED News. This is an extended version of their interview. The transcript has been edited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we have a first glimpse of how California's experiment in carbon trading is working out. The state's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works/\">first auction\u003c/a> of industrial permits for greenhouse gases actually happened last week--but \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/auction/november_2012/auction1_results_2012q4nov.pdf\">results\u003c/a> [PDF] were released on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tara Siler:\u003c/strong> This was the opening bell of sorts for a stock market of carbon emissions in California. If the bell rang last week, why are we now finding out what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Craig Miller:\u003c/strong> It actually happened last Wednesday, but it was done under extremely tight wraps. The state would not even reveal who exactly would be participating in the auction and no one was allowed to see it in progress except officials, participants and some consultants. They wanted to avoid any chance that anybody would try to engage in some kind of manipulation. And then after the fact they wanted to go back over all the results with a fine-toothed comb and actually have it looked at again and certified by the state before they released the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason for this is because years ago, when they first started doing this in Europe there was some manipulation in the early going. That's been since fixed, but they didn't want to duplicate those mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So how did this experiment go?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> According to state regulators, it went pretty well. In fact, Mary Nichols, who runs the agency, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/capandtrade.htm\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>, responsible for this regulation would go beyond that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Nichols:\u003c/strong> We're delighted by this. Our goal here is to reduce Carbon at a good price, in a way that is flexible for the companies that are covered, and we feel like we're showing, as we'd hoped and intended, that that is actually going to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MIller:\u003c/strong> I think that's relief, is what you're hearing. It does seem like a system that's going to work. And at the end of the day, there was actually -- for the first time ever -- a price for Carbon established in California, which was just a hair over ten dollars a metric ton. So if you've got ten bucks, you can go out and buy a ton of Carbon on the market in California now. That's just a little bit above the minimum that regulators set for the auction, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> And what's the significance of that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller: \u003c/strong>It's relatively low compared to what it could have been. Some would argue you want the price of Carbon to be very high, because you want to create a disincentive -- that's the whole idea here -- a disincentive for companies to be spewing it into the atmosphere. So you want to make it expensive for them to do that. But others would argue that in order to keep jobs and companies from potentially leaving California, rather than have to pay these fees, and to create a smooth transition to the program, it's not bad to have it relatively low, at least to start with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> Now right before this auction happened, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calchamber.com/Pages/Default.aspx\">California Chamber of Commerce\u003c/a> filed a lawsuit trying to invalidate the auction. Where is that at this point?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> It's sitting there waiting for the courts to act. They make it very clear, they weren't trying to stop the auction. But ultimately they don't like the idea that the state is withholding allowances for itself and making companies buy them. They want those allowances to be given away for free to make it as easy as possible for companies to make this transition, and that's what they're hoping eventually the court will rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So where do we go from here? Are these auctions going to be a regular event and are they going to be so top-secret?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> They are going to be a regular event. They probably will continue to be pretty confidential, too. The next one is in February. And then over time the market will decide what a ton of Carbon is worth. But yes, these will be regular events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So the big question for Californians is, what's it going to cost us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> Kind of hard to say right now. Some of the pieces of that puzzle are coming together. On Friday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/puc/\">California Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a> came out with a plan that will actually pay what they call a \"climate dividend.\" If there's an increase in your electric rates as a result of cap-and-trade and the fees that companies are having to pay, you will get that money back in the form of a couple dividends every year, and might even make some money on the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also speculation that in 2015 when this program expands to transportation fuels and other things beyond what it's covering now, it might increase the price of gasoline by about 18 cents, but that's not until 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Siler:\u003c/strong> So this cap-and-trade program has been cited as an example of California's leadership on environmental policies. Is anybody following us at this point?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miller:\u003c/strong> I talked with Mary Nichols a couple of years ago and asked her very specifically about this, and she said, \"California will not go it alone on cap-and-trade.\" But we are right now. There are other states that were kind of lined up in this thing they call the \u003ca href=\"http://www.westernclimateinitiative.org/\">Western Climate Initiative\u003c/a> with intent to eventually consider joining, but right now there is nobody. The next one inline seems to be a Canadian province, Quebec.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47256/so-how-much-does-carbon-cost",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"series": [
"quest_11591"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_11599",
"quest_621",
"quest_11518"
],
"featImg": "quest_47257",
"label": "quest_11591"
},
"quest_47196": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47196",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47196",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1353114732000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest",
"term": 11609
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1353114732,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "China’s ‘Gridlock’ May Slow Conversion to Clean Energy",
"title": "China’s ‘Gridlock’ May Slow Conversion to Clean Energy",
"headTitle": "Sustainable China | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Similar challenges could confront California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47201\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy/china_grid_sm/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47201\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47201\" title=\"China_grid_sm\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The source of China's electricity--largely coal-fired power plants--is also a major reason for its poor air quality. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As recent events on the East Coast have graphically shown, the “grid” that provides our electricity can be a fragile thing. Building a modern, more resilient version will cost hundreds of billions of dollars—but most agree it’s essential to a cleaner, more energy-efficient future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a challenge confronting California and the nation—as well as other nations—notably China, where the aging grid is already proving to be an obstacle to “greening” that nation’s energy production.\u003cbr>\nThe country plans to spend $530 billion dollars to revolutionize the way its electricity is distributed. But one of China’s main technical challenges, it turns out, is not all that different than what we face here in the U.S: how to integrate renewable energy, like wind and solar power, into a new electric grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Energy Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s Sunday afternoon in Shanghai at a store called Suning. It’s one of China’s biggest chains for appliances. It brims with the latest models of rice cookers, refrigerators and more.\u003cbr>\nTina Wong, a property manager, is shopping for an air conditioner to replace her old Toshiba. I ask her what kind of air conditioner she’s looking for. “Big one,” Wong says. “I have one too small like this -- not good enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, in essence, is one of China’s biggest energy challenges today. There are millions more Chinese like Tina who are plugging in appliances typical of a Western lifestyle. This exploding consumerism -- plus the construction of new high-rises, like many in Shanghai, and new factories -- has intensified the nation’s thirst for electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Massive New Infrastructure Project: A New Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to satisfy this soaring need, China’s main state-owned utility has launched a monumental infrastructure project to build a “strong, smart grid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the ‘strong’ really refers to the high-voltage system,” says Matt Lecar. He’s a grid expert at GE in San Francisco and a consultant to the China Electric Power Research Institute. “They've actually put a lot of investment into creating kind of a national backbone infrastructure, which is something we don't have in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a backbone formed by building six ultra-high-voltage transmission lines crisscrossing the country. They will carry the highest alternating current in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chivas Lam, a partner at Qiming Venture Capital in Shanghai, says, “The majority of the resources -- the coal, the natural gas, the hydro -- is in the western or central part of China, while the load center is on the east coast, primarily.” That means electrons have to travel up to a thousand miles or more. “So obviously,” Lam says, “the better way is to generate the power locally rather than shipping or transporting coal and then using the electricity transmission network to transmit the power to the end user.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And by doing so, conserve natural resources, cut pollution, shrink the country’s carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency. The new smart grid will significantly boost the use of wind and solar power to generate electricity. It’s part of China’s plan to get 11 percent of its energy from non-fossil fuels by 2015 and cut down its dependence on coal, by far its main source of power -- and of its air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Problems Integrating Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But integrating China’s new wind power capacity into the grid has been problematic. Wind farm construction here has so outpaced the grid build-out that nearly a quarter of China’s turbines stand idle because they’re not yet connected to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s utilities ran into another huge problem last year. Tom Pellman, a policy advisor for Vestas Wind Systems in Beijing describes, “a series of large grid accidents in which a power line failure caused hundreds of wind turbines to suddenly trip off the grid and stop producing energy.” The accidents led to a major shift in planning for the grid, focusing more effort on how to make the system smarter and more resilient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Smart Part of the Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea of a smart grid is through more sensors, more controls downstream, to have tighter control, to be able to deliver the right energy to the right places at the right time,” says GE’s Lecar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among these “sensors and controls” are “smart” meters, digital electric meters that have stirred opposition in parts of California where critics allege safety and privacy problems. While U.S. utilities are aiming to install 15 million smart meters by 2015, China claims to have already deployed more than three times that many. Foreign businesses are vying for a slice of the action. This year, Bay Area-based companies, including Echelon and Glen Canyon, have formed partnerships with Chinese firms to develop more products, including smart meters, for this giant market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Race To Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Beijing subway car, an old man in threadbare clothing plays a traditional Chinese stringed instrument for money as he weaves through a crowd of other Chinese, texting on their smartphones and listening to iPods. It’s a snapshot of a complex challenge in China’s race to power; millions of poor Chinese and the expanding middle class here are all part of a populace hungry for a more modern lifestyle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s new “smarter, stronger” grid is scheduled to be up and running by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47196 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47196",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 991,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 23
},
"modified": 1367348475,
"excerpt": "California and China share the challenge of updating their power grids for the new age of clean energy. But China's task would appear to be--um--bigger.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "California and China share the challenge of updating their power grids for the new age of clean energy. But China's task would appear to be--um--bigger.",
"title": "China’s ‘Gridlock’ May Slow Conversion to Clean Energy | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "China’s ‘Gridlock’ May Slow Conversion to Clean Energy",
"datePublished": "2012-11-16T17:12:12-08:00",
"dateModified": "2013-04-30T12:01:15-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47196/china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Similar challenges could confront California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47201\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy/china_grid_sm/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47201\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47201\" title=\"China_grid_sm\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_grid_sm-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The source of China's electricity--largely coal-fired power plants--is also a major reason for its poor air quality. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As recent events on the East Coast have graphically shown, the “grid” that provides our electricity can be a fragile thing. Building a modern, more resilient version will cost hundreds of billions of dollars—but most agree it’s essential to a cleaner, more energy-efficient future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a challenge confronting California and the nation—as well as other nations—notably China, where the aging grid is already proving to be an obstacle to “greening” that nation’s energy production.\u003cbr>\nThe country plans to spend $530 billion dollars to revolutionize the way its electricity is distributed. But one of China’s main technical challenges, it turns out, is not all that different than what we face here in the U.S: how to integrate renewable energy, like wind and solar power, into a new electric grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Energy Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s Sunday afternoon in Shanghai at a store called Suning. It’s one of China’s biggest chains for appliances. It brims with the latest models of rice cookers, refrigerators and more.\u003cbr>\nTina Wong, a property manager, is shopping for an air conditioner to replace her old Toshiba. I ask her what kind of air conditioner she’s looking for. “Big one,” Wong says. “I have one too small like this -- not good enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, in essence, is one of China’s biggest energy challenges today. There are millions more Chinese like Tina who are plugging in appliances typical of a Western lifestyle. This exploding consumerism -- plus the construction of new high-rises, like many in Shanghai, and new factories -- has intensified the nation’s thirst for electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Massive New Infrastructure Project: A New Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to satisfy this soaring need, China’s main state-owned utility has launched a monumental infrastructure project to build a “strong, smart grid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the ‘strong’ really refers to the high-voltage system,” says Matt Lecar. He’s a grid expert at GE in San Francisco and a consultant to the China Electric Power Research Institute. “They've actually put a lot of investment into creating kind of a national backbone infrastructure, which is something we don't have in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a backbone formed by building six ultra-high-voltage transmission lines crisscrossing the country. They will carry the highest alternating current in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chivas Lam, a partner at Qiming Venture Capital in Shanghai, says, “The majority of the resources -- the coal, the natural gas, the hydro -- is in the western or central part of China, while the load center is on the east coast, primarily.” That means electrons have to travel up to a thousand miles or more. “So obviously,” Lam says, “the better way is to generate the power locally rather than shipping or transporting coal and then using the electricity transmission network to transmit the power to the end user.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And by doing so, conserve natural resources, cut pollution, shrink the country’s carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency. The new smart grid will significantly boost the use of wind and solar power to generate electricity. It’s part of China’s plan to get 11 percent of its energy from non-fossil fuels by 2015 and cut down its dependence on coal, by far its main source of power -- and of its air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Problems Integrating Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But integrating China’s new wind power capacity into the grid has been problematic. Wind farm construction here has so outpaced the grid build-out that nearly a quarter of China’s turbines stand idle because they’re not yet connected to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s utilities ran into another huge problem last year. Tom Pellman, a policy advisor for Vestas Wind Systems in Beijing describes, “a series of large grid accidents in which a power line failure caused hundreds of wind turbines to suddenly trip off the grid and stop producing energy.” The accidents led to a major shift in planning for the grid, focusing more effort on how to make the system smarter and more resilient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Smart Part of the Grid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea of a smart grid is through more sensors, more controls downstream, to have tighter control, to be able to deliver the right energy to the right places at the right time,” says GE’s Lecar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among these “sensors and controls” are “smart” meters, digital electric meters that have stirred opposition in parts of California where critics allege safety and privacy problems. While U.S. utilities are aiming to install 15 million smart meters by 2015, China claims to have already deployed more than three times that many. Foreign businesses are vying for a slice of the action. This year, Bay Area-based companies, including Echelon and Glen Canyon, have formed partnerships with Chinese firms to develop more products, including smart meters, for this giant market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Race To Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Beijing subway car, an old man in threadbare clothing plays a traditional Chinese stringed instrument for money as he weaves through a crowd of other Chinese, texting on their smartphones and listening to iPods. It’s a snapshot of a complex challenge in China’s race to power; millions of poor Chinese and the expanding middle class here are all part of a populace hungry for a more modern lifestyle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China’s new “smarter, stronger” grid is scheduled to be up and running by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47196/china%e2%80%99s-%e2%80%98gridlock%e2%80%99-may-slow-conversion-to-clean-energy",
"authors": [
"10391"
],
"series": [
"quest_11609"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_11765",
"quest_8"
],
"tags": [
"quest_582",
"quest_11518",
"quest_2271",
"quest_2409",
"quest_2665"
],
"featImg": "quest_47201",
"label": "quest_11609"
},
"quest_47215": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47215",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47215",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1353114660000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest",
"term": 11609
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1353114660,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Solar Powers China's March Toward Sustainability",
"title": "Solar Powers China's March Toward Sustainability",
"headTitle": "Sustainable China | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47221\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability/china_solar_sm/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47221\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47221\" title=\"China_Solar_sm\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Most of China's solar panels are made for export markets. That balance could be shifting. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Aggressive price competition helps consumers, stymies California industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a trade war brewing with China over solar panels and California is right in the middle. Just this month, federal trade officials authorized sanctions against China for “dumping” solar components onto the U-S market below cost. China is the world’s biggest producer of solar panels, and yet very few are installed there domestically. Many end up on rooftops here in California. “Cheap solar” has been good for California consumers but bad for the state’s own makers of solar energy hardware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China Jumpstarts Domestic Solar Capacity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 80 miles west of Shanghai, intern Cheng Yiyang shows me a production line where machines pirouette and fabricate black wafers packed with photovoltaic cells. We’re in the headquarters of the world’s largest maker of solar panels, Suntech Power, in the city of Wuxi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They print the material onto the pieces and when they come out they can send the electricity,” Cheng explains. “You see this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suntech has similar operations at a new plant in Arizona. Until last year, Suntech and other Chinese solar companies shipped virtually all their products overseas. The influx of cheap solar panels has been blamed for troubles in the U.S. industry. In fact, Suntech is one of three Chinese panel makers being sued by the failed Fremont company, Solyndra, for unfair competition. But now China’s central government has launched a major initiative to jumpstart its own use of solar energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the central government began subsidizing solar power projects. This year alone, China will have installed about 5 gigawatts of capacity, producing enough electricity to supply two million Chinese. That’s about a third more capacity than the U.S. is set to install this year. Although China’s build-out barely puts a dent in its carbon footprint -- the biggest in the world -- Chinese solar companies and environmentalists are encouraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took China a while to bring its solar program up to speed,” says Andrew Beebe, a Suntech executive based in San Francisco. “And now that it's really up to speed, it’s cranking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Magic of the Feed-in Tariff\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would be thanks to a subsidy known as a feed-in tariff. It’s a subsidy for renewable energy that guarantees developers of these projects a reasonable return on their investments. The government pays developers a certain price per kilowatt-hour to entice them to install solar.\u003cbr>\nChina’s feed-in tariff is actually mimicking similar programs in Europe and the U.S. to promote wind and solar power. Alvin Lin is with the Beijing office of the American environmental group, NRDC. He says, “The feed-in tariffs are really pretty amazing policy tool for incentivizing renewable projects. “\u003cbr>\nThe Chinese program, like the European model, promotes large, utility-scale solar projects. Rooftop installations are still relatively rare in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Timing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why the subsidy now? There are a host of reasons. As one of China’s numerous new bullet trains blows into a station, I’m reminded of a big one. This one whisked me from Beijing to Shanghai -- like going the full length of the California coast -- in just 5 hours. China needs electricity to power its transportation needs. The nation also needs electricity for new factories and appliances bought by its growing middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China still gets about 70 percent of its power from coal, virtually all of it mined domestically until recently. The growing demand for electricity has outpaced even this country’s coal production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When China became net importer coal, “That surprised everybody,” says Yang Fuqiang, an energy expert in NRDC’s Beijing office. Yang says to offset this dependence on coal, both domestic and foreign, China wants to diversify its energy mix. “So the Chinese government says we have to save our resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And save its environment from the effects of burning all this coal, including prodigious carbon emissions. China is now the world’s biggest contributor to global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Ambitious Plans for Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the central government has set an ambitious goal: to produce more than 11 percent of China’s energy from non-fossil fuels by the end of the decade. That’s slightly less than what renewables now account for in U.S. electricity production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, “You know, pain for companies is inevitable in a market that is about 60 percent oversupplied this year,” says Nathaniel Bullard, an analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance in San Francisco. Suntech’s share price, for instance, has plummeted from a high of about $90 four years ago, to less than a buck now. Bullard will be watching whether the China Development Bank bails out some solar companies. If so, he says, “It would start to look like the kind of issue that could inflame this trade case even further.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However that shakes out, China’s solar sector will still provide strong competition for firms in California and across the U.S. Beijing has already declared that by 2015, it will quadruple this year’s solar installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But watching Chinese throng a gigantic, glittering shopping center in downtown Shanghai, one sees a microcosm of an enormous challenge: thirteen floors filled with the latest fashions and trendy restaurants. No matter how ambitious China’s solar program, it’s up against hundreds of millions of people striving for a more “Western” lifestyle, and that will create the need for ever-more megawatts to power the trappings of middle-class living. The race for power is on.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47215 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47215",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 994,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 22
},
"modified": 1367349378,
"excerpt": "China has vaulted out front in the solar power game. That's been good for consumers but perplexing to its California competitors.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "China has vaulted out front in the solar power game. That's been good for consumers but perplexing to its California competitors.",
"title": "Solar Powers China's March Toward Sustainability | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Solar Powers China's March Toward Sustainability",
"datePublished": "2012-11-16T17:11:00-08:00",
"dateModified": "2013-04-30T12:16:18-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47215/solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47221\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/16/solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability/china_solar_sm/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47221\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47221\" title=\"China_Solar_sm\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/China_Solar_sm-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Most of China's solar panels are made for export markets. That balance could be shifting. (Photo: Marjorie Sun)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Aggressive price competition helps consumers, stymies California industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a trade war brewing with China over solar panels and California is right in the middle. Just this month, federal trade officials authorized sanctions against China for “dumping” solar components onto the U-S market below cost. China is the world’s biggest producer of solar panels, and yet very few are installed there domestically. Many end up on rooftops here in California. “Cheap solar” has been good for California consumers but bad for the state’s own makers of solar energy hardware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China Jumpstarts Domestic Solar Capacity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 80 miles west of Shanghai, intern Cheng Yiyang shows me a production line where machines pirouette and fabricate black wafers packed with photovoltaic cells. We’re in the headquarters of the world’s largest maker of solar panels, Suntech Power, in the city of Wuxi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They print the material onto the pieces and when they come out they can send the electricity,” Cheng explains. “You see this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suntech has similar operations at a new plant in Arizona. Until last year, Suntech and other Chinese solar companies shipped virtually all their products overseas. The influx of cheap solar panels has been blamed for troubles in the U.S. industry. In fact, Suntech is one of three Chinese panel makers being sued by the failed Fremont company, Solyndra, for unfair competition. But now China’s central government has launched a major initiative to jumpstart its own use of solar energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the central government began subsidizing solar power projects. This year alone, China will have installed about 5 gigawatts of capacity, producing enough electricity to supply two million Chinese. That’s about a third more capacity than the U.S. is set to install this year. Although China’s build-out barely puts a dent in its carbon footprint -- the biggest in the world -- Chinese solar companies and environmentalists are encouraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took China a while to bring its solar program up to speed,” says Andrew Beebe, a Suntech executive based in San Francisco. “And now that it's really up to speed, it’s cranking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Magic of the Feed-in Tariff\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would be thanks to a subsidy known as a feed-in tariff. It’s a subsidy for renewable energy that guarantees developers of these projects a reasonable return on their investments. The government pays developers a certain price per kilowatt-hour to entice them to install solar.\u003cbr>\nChina’s feed-in tariff is actually mimicking similar programs in Europe and the U.S. to promote wind and solar power. Alvin Lin is with the Beijing office of the American environmental group, NRDC. He says, “The feed-in tariffs are really pretty amazing policy tool for incentivizing renewable projects. “\u003cbr>\nThe Chinese program, like the European model, promotes large, utility-scale solar projects. Rooftop installations are still relatively rare in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Timing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why the subsidy now? There are a host of reasons. As one of China’s numerous new bullet trains blows into a station, I’m reminded of a big one. This one whisked me from Beijing to Shanghai -- like going the full length of the California coast -- in just 5 hours. China needs electricity to power its transportation needs. The nation also needs electricity for new factories and appliances bought by its growing middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China still gets about 70 percent of its power from coal, virtually all of it mined domestically until recently. The growing demand for electricity has outpaced even this country’s coal production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When China became net importer coal, “That surprised everybody,” says Yang Fuqiang, an energy expert in NRDC’s Beijing office. Yang says to offset this dependence on coal, both domestic and foreign, China wants to diversify its energy mix. “So the Chinese government says we have to save our resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And save its environment from the effects of burning all this coal, including prodigious carbon emissions. China is now the world’s biggest contributor to global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>China’s Ambitious Plans for Renewables\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the central government has set an ambitious goal: to produce more than 11 percent of China’s energy from non-fossil fuels by the end of the decade. That’s slightly less than what renewables now account for in U.S. electricity production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, “You know, pain for companies is inevitable in a market that is about 60 percent oversupplied this year,” says Nathaniel Bullard, an analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance in San Francisco. Suntech’s share price, for instance, has plummeted from a high of about $90 four years ago, to less than a buck now. Bullard will be watching whether the China Development Bank bails out some solar companies. If so, he says, “It would start to look like the kind of issue that could inflame this trade case even further.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However that shakes out, China’s solar sector will still provide strong competition for firms in California and across the U.S. Beijing has already declared that by 2015, it will quadruple this year’s solar installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But watching Chinese throng a gigantic, glittering shopping center in downtown Shanghai, one sees a microcosm of an enormous challenge: thirteen floors filled with the latest fashions and trendy restaurants. No matter how ambitious China’s solar program, it’s up against hundreds of millions of people striving for a more “Western” lifestyle, and that will create the need for ever-more megawatts to power the trappings of middle-class living. The race for power is on.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47215/solar-powers-chinas-march-toward-sustainability",
"authors": [
"10391"
],
"series": [
"quest_11609"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_11765",
"quest_9"
],
"tags": [
"quest_582",
"quest_11518",
"quest_2409",
"quest_2700",
"quest_11610"
],
"featImg": "quest_47221",
"label": "quest_11609"
},
"quest_47008": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_47008",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "47008",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1352522999000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "quest",
"term": 11591
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1352522999,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Where Do California's Carbon Emissions Come From?",
"title": "Where Do California's Carbon Emissions Come From?",
"headTitle": "Cap and Trade | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Cap-and-trade will initially regulate the industrial sector and utilities. Eventually, fuels will be phased into the program, too. It's all part of AB 32, the law that requires California to bring greenhouse gas emissions back to 1990 levels by 2020. Here's a breakdown of where the emissions come from. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/09/where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from/cap-and-trade-infographic_final/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47009\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-47009\" title=\"Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"1003\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-400x627.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "47008 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47008",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/09/where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 55,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 4
},
"modified": 1368124582,
"excerpt": "Cap-and-trade will initially regulate the industrial sector and utilities. Eventually, fuels will be phased into the program, too. It's all part of AB 32, the law that requires California to bring greenhouse gas emissions back to 1990 levels by 2020. Here's a breakdown of where the emissions come from.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Cap-and-trade will initially regulate the industrial sector and utilities. Eventually, fuels will be phased into the program, too. It's all part of AB 32, the law that requires California to bring greenhouse gas emissions back to 1990 levels by 2020. Here's a breakdown of where the emissions come from.",
"title": "Where Do California's Carbon Emissions Come From? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Where Do California's Carbon Emissions Come From?",
"datePublished": "2012-11-09T20:49:59-08:00",
"dateModified": "2013-05-09T11:36:22-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/quest/47008/where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Cap-and-trade will initially regulate the industrial sector and utilities. Eventually, fuels will be phased into the program, too. It's all part of AB 32, the law that requires California to bring greenhouse gas emissions back to 1990 levels by 2020. Here's a breakdown of where the emissions come from. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/09/where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from/cap-and-trade-infographic_final/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47009\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-47009\" title=\"Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"1003\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Cap-and-Trade-InfoGraphic_final-400x627.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/47008/where-do-californias-carbon-emissions-come-from",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"series": [
"quest_11591"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6"
],
"tags": [
"quest_11600",
"quest_11599",
"quest_621",
"quest_11518"
],
"featImg": "quest_47019",
"label": "quest_11591"
},
"quest_46929": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "quest_46929",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "46929",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1352504969000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1352504969,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "Cap-and-Trade 101: How California's Carbon Market Works",
"title": "Cap-and-Trade 101: How California's Carbon Market Works",
"headTitle": "Cap and Trade | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>This week, California rolls out the heavy artillery in its attack on climate change with a program called “cap-and-trade.” It’s like a stock exchange for carbon emissions, where the state’s biggest polluters have to buy the right to emit greenhouse gases. It’s the most ambitious climate change policy in the country, but not everyone is happy with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So how does it work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Check out the radio story above for an explanation involving poker chips, musical chairs and Monopoly money.) \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first part is the cap. Until now, businesses haven’t had to worry about how much carbon they emit from burning fossil fuels. Now, there’s going to be a cap on total emissions. At first, they can emit about as much carbon as they have been. But then, the cap on emissions begins to come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 businesses, from power companies and oil refiners, to glass makers and food processors, are required to participate in the cap-and-trade program.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>The government could tell each company how much it’s allowed to pollute, or set a tax on carbon. But California’s doing it differently by creating a market. That’s where the “trade” part of cap and trade comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to keep up with the lowering emissions cap, businesses have three choices. The first is pretty straightforward: reduce emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second option is to buy permits to pollute. The state will give companies allowances -- each allowance grants a company permission to emit one ton of carbon dioxide. Companies can buy and sell allowances on the carbon market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the third option is known as \"carbon offsets.\" Companies can essentially pay other organizations to reduce greenhouse gases, for instance, by protecting forests. Each offset counts toward the firm's compliance obligation, though companies are limited in how many offsets they can use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-46942\" title=\"Merc-illustration\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Merc-illustration2-560x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"360\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But \u003cem>will\u003c/em> it work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been preparing for this moment for a long time. When Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB 32, the state’s landmark global warming bill in 2006, he set an ambitious goal: to cut California’s greenhouse gas emissions 30 percent by 2020. Cap-and-trade is supposed to help accomplish a big part of that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to reduce the amount of pollution, but we want to do it in a way that isn’t too costly to the economy,\" says UC Berkeley economist and energy analyst Severin Borenstein at UC Berkeley. He says the market will create some flexibility for businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some businesses aren't so sure about it.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very very worried about this program,\"\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong> says Dorothy Rothrock from the California Manufacturers and Technology Association, which represents about 700 companies. Her members are concerned that cap-and-trade will put them at a disadvantage to companies outside of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rothrock says the costs will eventually be passed on to consumers. For instance, the price of gas may go up. \"It’s not like they’re suddenly gonna see a big bill in their mailbox the next day, but the costs will be coming and there won’t be a lot we can do to stop it,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has taken steps to minimize this impact. At first, nearly all of the allowances are free for businesses, and some of the proceeds from the carbon market will go to communities hardest hit by pollution. Regulators also argue that the gains in energy efficiency spurred by the program will outweigh any higher costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And environmental advocates point out, if we don’t cut emissions now, the impacts of climate change will be even more expensive in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emily Reyna with the Environmental Defense Fund says it’s important for California to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it’s done right here in California, which I believe it will be, then it can be a real model for the rest of the country, the rest of the world,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, all eyes will be on California, when the state's carbon market opens for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "46929 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=audio_reports&p=46929",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/09/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 707,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 21
},
"modified": 1450493025,
"excerpt": "This week, California rolls out the heavy artillery in its attack on climate change with a program called “cap-and-trade.” It’s like a stock exchange for carbon emissions, where the state’s biggest polluters have to buy the right to emit greenhouse gases. It’s the most ambitious climate change policy in the country, but not everyone is happy with it.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "This week, California rolls out the heavy artillery in its attack on climate change with a program called “cap-and-trade.” It’s like a stock exchange for carbon emissions, where the state’s biggest polluters have to buy the right to emit greenhouse gases. It’s the most ambitious climate change policy in the country, but not everyone is happy with it.",
"title": "Cap-and-Trade 101: How California's Carbon Market Works | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Cap-and-Trade 101: How California's Carbon Market Works",
"datePublished": "2012-11-09T15:49:29-08:00",
"dateModified": "2015-12-18T18:43:45-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/",
"audioUrl": "http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/11/20121112quest.mp3",
"source": "Environment",
"path": "/quest/46929/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works",
"audioDuration": null,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, California rolls out the heavy artillery in its attack on climate change with a program called “cap-and-trade.” It’s like a stock exchange for carbon emissions, where the state’s biggest polluters have to buy the right to emit greenhouse gases. It’s the most ambitious climate change policy in the country, but not everyone is happy with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So how does it work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Check out the radio story above for an explanation involving poker chips, musical chairs and Monopoly money.) \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first part is the cap. Until now, businesses haven’t had to worry about how much carbon they emit from burning fossil fuels. Now, there’s going to be a cap on total emissions. At first, they can emit about as much carbon as they have been. But then, the cap on emissions begins to come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 businesses, from power companies and oil refiners, to glass makers and food processors, are required to participate in the cap-and-trade program.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>The government could tell each company how much it’s allowed to pollute, or set a tax on carbon. But California’s doing it differently by creating a market. That’s where the “trade” part of cap and trade comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to keep up with the lowering emissions cap, businesses have three choices. The first is pretty straightforward: reduce emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second option is to buy permits to pollute. The state will give companies allowances -- each allowance grants a company permission to emit one ton of carbon dioxide. Companies can buy and sell allowances on the carbon market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the third option is known as \"carbon offsets.\" Companies can essentially pay other organizations to reduce greenhouse gases, for instance, by protecting forests. Each offset counts toward the firm's compliance obligation, though companies are limited in how many offsets they can use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-46942\" title=\"Merc-illustration\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Merc-illustration2-560x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"360\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But \u003cem>will\u003c/em> it work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been preparing for this moment for a long time. When Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB 32, the state’s landmark global warming bill in 2006, he set an ambitious goal: to cut California’s greenhouse gas emissions 30 percent by 2020. Cap-and-trade is supposed to help accomplish a big part of that goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to reduce the amount of pollution, but we want to do it in a way that isn’t too costly to the economy,\" says UC Berkeley economist and energy analyst Severin Borenstein at UC Berkeley. He says the market will create some flexibility for businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some businesses aren't so sure about it.\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very very worried about this program,\"\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong> says Dorothy Rothrock from the California Manufacturers and Technology Association, which represents about 700 companies. Her members are concerned that cap-and-trade will put them at a disadvantage to companies outside of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rothrock says the costs will eventually be passed on to consumers. For instance, the price of gas may go up. \"It’s not like they’re suddenly gonna see a big bill in their mailbox the next day, but the costs will be coming and there won’t be a lot we can do to stop it,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has taken steps to minimize this impact. At first, nearly all of the allowances are free for businesses, and some of the proceeds from the carbon market will go to communities hardest hit by pollution. Regulators also argue that the gains in energy efficiency spurred by the program will outweigh any higher costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And environmental advocates point out, if we don’t cut emissions now, the impacts of climate change will be even more expensive in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emily Reyna with the Environmental Defense Fund says it’s important for California to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it’s done right here in California, which I believe it will be, then it can be a real model for the rest of the country, the rest of the world,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, all eyes will be on California, when the state's carbon market opens for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/quest/46929/cap-and-trade-101-how-californias-carbon-market-works",
"authors": [
"200",
"239"
],
"series": [
"quest_11591"
],
"categories": [
"quest_6",
"quest_9",
"quest_17"
],
"tags": [
"quest_11600",
"quest_252",
"quest_11599",
"quest_621",
"quest_11194",
"quest_13203"
],
"featImg": "quest_46974",
"label": "source_quest_46929"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026PresidentialReducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/quest?category=climate": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 84,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 252,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"quest_49620",
"quest_49237",
"quest_49059",
"quest_48574",
"quest_48152",
"quest_47827",
"quest_47375",
"quest_47256",
"quest_47196",
"quest_47215",
"quest_47008",
"quest_46929"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest_category_climate": {
"isLoading": true
},
"quest_6": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_6",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "6",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 7,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/climate"
},
"source_quest_49237": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_quest_49237",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"link": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_quest_46929": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_quest_46929",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"link": "https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/",
"isLoading": false
},
"quest_9": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_9",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "9",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 10,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/environment"
},
"quest_252": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_252",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "252",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "audio",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "audio Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 254,
"slug": "audio",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/audio"
},
"quest_621": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_621",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "621",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 626,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/climate-change"
},
"quest_11518": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11518",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11518",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "KQED Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "KQED Science Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11552,
"slug": "kqedscience",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/kqedscience"
},
"quest_11731": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11731",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11731",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "michael brune",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "michael brune Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11765,
"slug": "michael-brune",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/michael-brune"
},
"quest_13203": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_13203",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "13203",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2001,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/news"
},
"quest_2629": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2629",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2629",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Sierra Club",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Sierra Club Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2645,
"slug": "sierra-club",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/sierra-club"
},
"quest_17": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_17",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "17",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Radio",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Radio Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18,
"slug": "radio",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/radio"
},
"quest_11194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "kqed science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "kqed science Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11227,
"slug": "kqed-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/kqed-science"
},
"quest_2559": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2559",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2559",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "sea level rise",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "sea level rise Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2575,
"slug": "sea-level-rise",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/sea-level-rise"
},
"quest_11765": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11765",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11765",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11799,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/energy"
},
"quest_987": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_987",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "987",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "energy efficiency",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "energy efficiency Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 993,
"slug": "energy-efficiency",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/energy-efficiency"
},
"quest_11700": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11700",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11700",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "propositon 39",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "propositon 39 Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11734,
"slug": "propositon-39",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/propositon-39"
},
"quest_11766": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11766",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11766",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Water Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11800,
"slug": "water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/water"
},
"quest_984": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_984",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "984",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "energy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 990,
"slug": "tag-energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/tag-energy"
},
"quest_11683": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11683",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11683",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "hydropower",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "hydropower Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11717,
"slug": "hydropower",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/hydropower"
},
"quest_3108": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_3108",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "3108",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "water Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3125,
"slug": "tag-water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/tag-water"
},
"quest_13195": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_13195",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "13195",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 625,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/climate"
},
"quest_11581": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11581",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11581",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "extreme weather",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "extreme weather Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11615,
"slug": "extreme-weather",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/extreme-weather"
},
"quest_11662": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11662",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11662",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "huricane Sandy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "huricane Sandy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11696,
"slug": "huricane-sandy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/huricane-sandy"
},
"quest_11661": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11661",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11661",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Jim Hansen",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Jim Hansen Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11695,
"slug": "jim-hansen",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/jim-hansen"
},
"quest_4": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_4",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "4",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Biology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Biology Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4,
"slug": "biology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/biology"
},
"quest_11": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Geology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Geology Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 12,
"slug": "geology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/geology"
},
"quest_11649": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11649",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11649",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "activism",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "activism Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11683,
"slug": "activism",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/activism"
},
"quest_326": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_326",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "326",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "biodiversity",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "biodiversity Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 328,
"slug": "tag-biodiversity",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/tag-biodiversity"
},
"quest_11648": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11648",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11648",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environmental action",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environmental action Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11682,
"slug": "environmental-action",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/environmental-action"
},
"quest_11277": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11277",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11277",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environmental education",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environmental education Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11310,
"slug": "environmental-education",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/environmental-education"
},
"quest_1224": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_1224",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "1224",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "global warming",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "global warming Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1234,
"slug": "global-warming",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/global-warming"
},
"quest_11646": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11646",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11646",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "marine ecology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "marine ecology Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11680,
"slug": "marine-ecology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/marine-ecology"
},
"quest_2001": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2001",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2001",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "NOAA",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "NOAA Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2014,
"slug": "noaa",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/noaa"
},
"quest_11647": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11647",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11647",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ocean science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ocean science Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11681,
"slug": "ocean-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/ocean-science"
},
"quest_13": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_13",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "13",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "QUEST Northern California",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "QUEST Northern California Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1594,
"slug": "northern-california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/northern-california"
},
"quest_10636": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_10636",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "10636",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Clean Car Diaries",
"description": "With a number of electric cars hitting the roads, we asked every day drivers of these new clean vehicles to share their stories. Quest’s editor, Andrea Kissack, just began driving an all-electric Nissan Leaf and will lead us through her journey as well as other early adopters’ tales. You can read all about it in our new blog series. ",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "With a number of electric cars hitting the roads, we asked every day drivers of these new clean vehicles to share their stories. Quest’s editor, Andrea Kissack, just began driving an all-electric Nissan Leaf and will lead us through her journey as well as other early adopters’ tales. You can read all about it in our new blog series.",
"title": "Clean Car Diaries Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 10669,
"slug": "clean-car-diaries",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/series/clean-car-diaries"
},
"quest_8": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_8",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "8",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Engineering",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Engineering Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 9,
"slug": "engineering",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/category/engineering"
},
"quest_438": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_438",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "438",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "california",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "california Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 441,
"slug": "california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/california"
},
"quest_11281": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11281",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11281",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Charge Point",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Charge Point Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11314,
"slug": "charge-point",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/charge-point"
},
"quest_554": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_554",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "554",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "charging",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "charging Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 557,
"slug": "charging",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/charging"
},
"quest_10988": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_10988",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "10988",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Charging electric cars",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Charging electric cars Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11021,
"slug": "charging-electric-cars",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/charging-electric-cars"
},
"quest_11624": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11624",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11624",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ecotaility",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ecotaility Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11658,
"slug": "ecotaility",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/ecotaility"
},
"quest_10850": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_10850",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "10850",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ev",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ev Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 10883,
"slug": "ev",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/ev"
},
"quest_1076": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_1076",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "1076",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fast chargers",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fast chargers Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1085,
"slug": "fast-chargers",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/fast-chargers"
},
"quest_1996": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_1996",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "1996",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "nissan",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "nissan Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2009,
"slug": "nissan",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/nissan"
},
"quest_11623": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11623",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11623",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "NRG",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "NRG Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11657,
"slug": "nrg",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/nrg"
},
"quest_2904": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2904",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2904",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Tesla",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Tesla Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2920,
"slug": "tesla",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/tesla"
},
"quest_11591": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11591",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11591",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Cap and Trade",
"description": "California's cap-and-trade program is like a stock exchange for greenhouse gas emissions. It’s the first in the nation to span most types of industrial sources, from power plants to oil refineries. Revenues from pollution fees could amount to more than a billion dollars in the first year. But will it work?",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "California's cap-and-trade program is like a stock exchange for greenhouse gas emissions. It’s the first in the nation to span most types of industrial sources, from power plants to oil refineries. Revenues from pollution fees could amount to more than a billion dollars in the first year. But will it work?",
"title": "Cap and Trade Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11625,
"slug": "capandtrade",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/series/capandtrade"
},
"quest_11599": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11599",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11599",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "cap and trade",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "cap and trade Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11633,
"slug": "cap-and-trade",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/cap-and-trade"
},
"quest_11609": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11609",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11609",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Sustainable China",
"description": "When it comes to energy and the environment, China might seem to have a split personality: making significant strides toward clean power--but still building coal-fired power plants at a furious rate. As Marjorie Sun found on a recent reporting trip, China and California share some of the same challenges, though the task for China is monumental.",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "When it comes to energy and the environment, China might seem to have a split personality: making significant strides toward clean power--but still building coal-fired power plants at a furious rate. As Marjorie Sun found on a recent reporting trip, China and California share some of the same challenges, though the task for China is monumental.",
"title": "Sustainable China Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11643,
"slug": "sustainablechina",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/series/sustainablechina"
},
"quest_582": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_582",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "582",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "china",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "china Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 586,
"slug": "china",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/china"
},
"quest_2271": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2271",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2271",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "power grid",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "power grid Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2286,
"slug": "power-grid",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/power-grid"
},
"quest_2409": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2409",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2409",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "renewable energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "renewable energy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2425,
"slug": "renewable-energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/renewable-energy"
},
"quest_2665": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2665",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2665",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "smartmeters",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "smartmeters Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2681,
"slug": "smartmeters",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/smartmeters"
},
"quest_2700": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_2700",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "2700",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "solar energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "solar energy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2716,
"slug": "solar-energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/solar-energy"
},
"quest_11610": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11610",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11610",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Suntech",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Suntech Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11644,
"slug": "suntech",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/suntech"
},
"quest_11600": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest_11600",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "quest",
"id": "11600",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ab 32",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ab 32 Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 11634,
"slug": "ab-32",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/quest/tag/ab-32"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
},
"requestOutcomesReducer": {
"notFound": []
},
"navPromosReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": true,
"promos": {
"news": {
"name": "2026 Voter Guide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"imageURL": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nav-News-Nov2026ElectionCoverage@2x-7bd4aad4.png",
"description": "Get informed in minutes with our Voter Guide for California’s November 3 election."
},
"podcasts-radio": {},
"video-tv": {},
"events": {},
"support": {}
}
}
}