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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 12:42 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, the director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José’\u003c/a>s Job Corps center, Davina Wong, gathered students at the federally funded trade school for an emergency town hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, Wong said, was at serious risk of being shut down by the Trump administration, leaving \u003ca href=\"https://www.careersystems.com/centers/san-jose/#:~:text=Covering%2010%20acres%20near%20Silicon,%2C%20workshops%2C%20and%20recreation%20facilities.\">about 350 students\u003c/a> who study and live there without anywhere to go, according to Brandon Marroquin, who studies mechatronics there. An additional 110 students commute to the center’s technical training programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement came after months of uncertainty following DOGE-led federal workforce and program cuts. A week later, the Department of Labor announced in a blanket release on May 29 that it would pause operations at 99 out of 131 Job Corps centers, including San José’s, on June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A startling number of serious incident reports and our in-depth fiscal analysis reveal the program is no longer achieving the intended outcomes that students deserve,” DOL Secretary Lori Chavez-DeRemer said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marroquin said he was told by staffers at the San José center that they want all students who board at the center to leave by June 6, and for any student who has a home to which they can return to leave “today or in a few days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people on campus don’t have anywhere to go, or they escaped from abusive homes. I am in that category,” Marroquin, 23, told KQED. “If they shut down Job Corps, a good chunk of these students are going to be homeless, are going to go back to their abusive homes. This is going to affect a lot of communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He enrolled in a mechatronics program at Silicon Valley Career Technical Education through San José’s Job Corps, which is operated by Career Systems Development Corporation, last summer. Marroquin grew up in Fresno County, where he had been attending community college, but left to escape an abusive home environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042130\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Job Corps Center in San José on May 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He told KQED that Job Corps was his opportunity to turn over a “new leaf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s my second chance, my second lease on life,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Job Corps became the central program of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s “War on Poverty” in 1964, offering education and housing to youth who were unemployed through the Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Centers offer free enrollment, furnished dormitories, three meals a day and basic medical care for low-income 16- to 24-year-olds who take part in one of its more than 10 technical training programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also provides access to recreational activities, books and supplies and bimonthly living allowances, according to its website.[aside postID=news_12041847 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-5-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Marroquin plans to complete his basic trade training in an engineering specialty next week. After that, he had hoped to pursue an advanced training program through Job Corps, which provides housing and access to college-level courses in specific fields, including in his engineering field at its New Hampshire site in Manchester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he’s worried he might not even have a place to stay come June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really unfortunate how I can’t even do my education correctly. I can’t even work [up] the career ladder,” Marroquin said. “I can’t even focus on my future because I’m worried about if I’m not going to have a place to even live or to eat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José’s Job Corps personnel were not available for comment in time for this story’s publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Job Corps operated with a $140 million deficit in 2024, and that shortfall is expected to balloon to $213 million in 2025, according to the department. It is the most expensive of the Department of Labor’s programs, costing about $1.7 billion in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2008 study from Mathematica showed that the program had beneficial impacts on disadvantaged youth and reduced their involvement in criminal activity or need for public assistance programs. But it also showed a lack of long-term earnings impacts for participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent data from the DOL found that participants earn $16,695 per year on average when they leave Job Corps programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023747\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Donald Trump signs an executive order in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, D.C., on Jan. 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Jim Watson/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It also shows that in 2023, serious incident reports were written for more than 1,700 acts of violence, about 2,700 instances of drug use and more than 1,160 breaches of security across Job Corps’ roughly 100 sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The department’s decision aligns with President [Trump]’s FY 2026 budget proposal and reflects the Administration’s commitment to ensure federal workforce investments deliver meaningful results for both students and taxpayers,” the DOL statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite apparent issues, Marroquin said his experience over the past 10 months has been positive — barring some issues with declining services, staff and resources since the Trump administration took office in January, during which he enacted a temporary funding freeze and offered a voluntary buy-out to federal employees.[aside postID=news_12041294 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-1246387515-1020x680.jpg']“I had a safe place of shelter,” he told KQED. “I’ve learned so much here, not only for my trade but also social skills and going to counselors, going to staff members … Basically, the structure and order has taught me a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he’s worried about other students who began their studies early in 2025, before a pause on background checks halted new enrollments around March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, they’re in the middle of doing their trade,” he said. “I feel bad for them now because we don’t know what’s going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOL said it plans to work with state and workforce partners “to assist current students in advancing their training and connecting them with education and employment opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Marroquin isn’t counting on the federal government’s help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Job Corps shuts down, I will be homeless,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marroquin added that he’s been asking around campus for places to stay, but is also considering taking out loans to afford to go back to a community college, and holding out some hope that he’ll get to enroll in Job Corps’ advanced program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m at this weird place where not only am I going forward with New Hampshire — if it’s going to go on or not — and I’m also applying for homeless shelters,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 12:42 p.m. Friday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, the director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José’\u003c/a>s Job Corps center, Davina Wong, gathered students at the federally funded trade school for an emergency town hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, Wong said, was at serious risk of being shut down by the Trump administration, leaving \u003ca href=\"https://www.careersystems.com/centers/san-jose/#:~:text=Covering%2010%20acres%20near%20Silicon,%2C%20workshops%2C%20and%20recreation%20facilities.\">about 350 students\u003c/a> who study and live there without anywhere to go, according to Brandon Marroquin, who studies mechatronics there. An additional 110 students commute to the center’s technical training programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement came after months of uncertainty following DOGE-led federal workforce and program cuts. A week later, the Department of Labor announced in a blanket release on May 29 that it would pause operations at 99 out of 131 Job Corps centers, including San José’s, on June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A startling number of serious incident reports and our in-depth fiscal analysis reveal the program is no longer achieving the intended outcomes that students deserve,” DOL Secretary Lori Chavez-DeRemer said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marroquin said he was told by staffers at the San José center that they want all students who board at the center to leave by June 6, and for any student who has a home to which they can return to leave “today or in a few days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people on campus don’t have anywhere to go, or they escaped from abusive homes. I am in that category,” Marroquin, 23, told KQED. “If they shut down Job Corps, a good chunk of these students are going to be homeless, are going to go back to their abusive homes. This is going to affect a lot of communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He enrolled in a mechatronics program at Silicon Valley Career Technical Education through San José’s Job Corps, which is operated by Career Systems Development Corporation, last summer. Marroquin grew up in Fresno County, where he had been attending community college, but left to escape an abusive home environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042130\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250529-JOBCORPSCENTER-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Job Corps Center in San José on May 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He told KQED that Job Corps was his opportunity to turn over a “new leaf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s my second chance, my second lease on life,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Job Corps became the central program of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s “War on Poverty” in 1964, offering education and housing to youth who were unemployed through the Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Centers offer free enrollment, furnished dormitories, three meals a day and basic medical care for low-income 16- to 24-year-olds who take part in one of its more than 10 technical training programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also provides access to recreational activities, books and supplies and bimonthly living allowances, according to its website.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Marroquin plans to complete his basic trade training in an engineering specialty next week. After that, he had hoped to pursue an advanced training program through Job Corps, which provides housing and access to college-level courses in specific fields, including in his engineering field at its New Hampshire site in Manchester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he’s worried he might not even have a place to stay come June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really unfortunate how I can’t even do my education correctly. I can’t even work [up] the career ladder,” Marroquin said. “I can’t even focus on my future because I’m worried about if I’m not going to have a place to even live or to eat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José’s Job Corps personnel were not available for comment in time for this story’s publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Job Corps operated with a $140 million deficit in 2024, and that shortfall is expected to balloon to $213 million in 2025, according to the department. It is the most expensive of the Department of Labor’s programs, costing about $1.7 billion in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2008 study from Mathematica showed that the program had beneficial impacts on disadvantaged youth and reduced their involvement in criminal activity or need for public assistance programs. But it also showed a lack of long-term earnings impacts for participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent data from the DOL found that participants earn $16,695 per year on average when they leave Job Corps programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023747\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Donald Trump signs an executive order in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, D.C., on Jan. 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Jim Watson/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It also shows that in 2023, serious incident reports were written for more than 1,700 acts of violence, about 2,700 instances of drug use and more than 1,160 breaches of security across Job Corps’ roughly 100 sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The department’s decision aligns with President [Trump]’s FY 2026 budget proposal and reflects the Administration’s commitment to ensure federal workforce investments deliver meaningful results for both students and taxpayers,” the DOL statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite apparent issues, Marroquin said his experience over the past 10 months has been positive — barring some issues with declining services, staff and resources since the Trump administration took office in January, during which he enacted a temporary funding freeze and offered a voluntary buy-out to federal employees.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I had a safe place of shelter,” he told KQED. “I’ve learned so much here, not only for my trade but also social skills and going to counselors, going to staff members … Basically, the structure and order has taught me a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he’s worried about other students who began their studies early in 2025, before a pause on background checks halted new enrollments around March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, they’re in the middle of doing their trade,” he said. “I feel bad for them now because we don’t know what’s going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOL said it plans to work with state and workforce partners “to assist current students in advancing their training and connecting them with education and employment opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Marroquin isn’t counting on the federal government’s help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Job Corps shuts down, I will be homeless,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marroquin added that he’s been asking around campus for places to stay, but is also considering taking out loans to afford to go back to a community college, and holding out some hope that he’ll get to enroll in Job Corps’ advanced program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m at this weird place where not only am I going forward with New Hampshire — if it’s going to go on or not — and I’m also applying for homeless shelters,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "san-jose-could-temporarily-ban-smoke-shops-citing-health-inequities",
"title": "San José Could Temporarily Ban Smoke Shops, Citing Health Inequities",
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"headTitle": "San José Could Temporarily Ban Smoke Shops, Citing Health Inequities | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>San José is taking an initial step toward temporarily banning all new smoke shops, as city leaders hope to redistribute the concentration of such businesses across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District 5 Councilmember Peter Ortiz proposed a temporary moratorium on smoke shops to the City Council’s rules committee on Wednesday. Ortiz championed the idea in response to a new county report showing that predominantly Latino areas of the city are heavily saturated with the businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have been waiting long enough for health justice, and so we’re taking action now,” Ortiz said Wednesday outside City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Latinos make up about one in every four residents across Santa Clara County, in the southern portions of the county and in East San José, Latinos account for nearly half of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County’s recently released 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/exjcpb1751/2025-05/lhareport-5-05-2025.pdf?VersionId=x29kOMOkTjA3JoztYS5K8tbKUKkgFQrs\">Latino Health Assessment\u003c/a> — the first comprehensive county analysis of Latino living conditions and outcomes in more than a decade — found that tobacco retailers are more than twice as common in East San José, with nearly seven retailers per square mile, compared to three in the county overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041917\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José District 5 City Councilmember Peter Ortiz, right, listens as Santa Clara County Supervisor Sylvia Arenas speaks during a press conference in support of a temporary ban on new smoke shops in San José outside City Hall on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Studies have shown that tobacco and alcohol retailers cluster in low-income neighborhoods and neighborhoods that predominantly house residents of color,” the assessment report said. “Living near a large number of alcohol and tobacco retailers increases the risk of drinking and smoking and makes it harder to quit these behaviors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assessment also said that neighborhoods with a higher density of alcohol and tobacco retailers have higher rates of assault, injuries and collisions between cars and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These businesses are making it easier for children to access tobacco and vaping products before they even understand the risk,” Pastor Danny Sanchez said Wednesday during a press conference outside City Hall. “In East San José, it’s not uncommon to find two or three smoke shops within a few blocks of a school, but if you go to Los Gatos or Almaden Valley, it is not the same pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11983224 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/GettyImages-1486127435-1020x680.jpg']Ortiz, who represents a portion of East San José, told KQED he is “pro-business,” and expects any such moratorium wouldn’t need to be in place for more than a year, while the city works to formulate new regulations and programs around how and where tobacco or smoke shops are allowed to open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lack of smoke shops on the East Side or throughout the city of San José,” Ortiz said. “You’re advertising and selling products that will result in health problems to our community, and you’re making money off that. And so we need to have leaders that are willing to stand up to greed and advocate for the health outcomes of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules committee asked city staff Wednesday to create an estimate of how much work it would take to craft such a moratorium and other policies to control smoke shops, which the committee will consider on June 11. At that meeting, the committee could also make more specific policy recommendations regarding the moratorium to be reviewed later by the full city council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041913\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041913\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Darcie Green, executive director of health nonprofit Latinas Contra Cancer, speaks in support of a temporary ban on new smoke shops in San José outside City Hall on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Darcie Green, executive director of health nonprofit Latinas Contra Cancer, was on the steering committee for the county’s report, which she said affirmed much of what Latinos in East San José already knew anecdotally about health, education and opportunities for communities of color and immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the call for the moratorium isn’t just about opposing smoke shops, but advocating in favor of healthier environments for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This moratorium gives us the breathing room to reimagine East San José, not as a place saturated with harm, but as a model of health, justice and care,” she said Wednesday at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We deserve to regularly assess the health and quality of life of places where we live, work and play, and to reclaim the right to design our surroundings based on what we know, what we value, and what we envision for our own future,” Green added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city already has regulations in place for where cannabis dispensaries can operate and how many of them are allowed in a given area — rules which the council softened in 2023. San José also requires retailers to obtain a retail license from the city to sell tobacco products and bans the sale of flavored tobacco and vapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grizzlys Smoke Shop in the Sunol-Midtown neighborhood of San José on May 28, 2025. San José officials are considering a temporary ban on all new smoke shop businesses in the city after a county report showed they are oversaturated in predominantly Latino areas.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But some businesses, Ortiz contended, set up as “smoke shops” that don’t sell tobacco, and therefore don’t need a license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And they’re not necessarily selling tobacco, but they’re selling paraphernalia. And then they’re sending cannabis and mushrooms under the table,” Ortiz said, adding that these loopholes circumvent city efforts to reduce clustering of such shops and to combat illegal sales of drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we need to make sure that there is an analysis by city staff and then a response through policy,” Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Latino Health Assessment also shows that the community is disproportionately hindered by violence, access to healthcare, social determinants of health such as lower incomes, housing stability and faces increased mental health challenges and systematic barriers, disproportionately hinders the community when compared to the general population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "San José leaders are advocating for a temporary halt on new smoke shops across the city, following a recent report showing these businesses are overrepresented in predominantly Latino areas of the city. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San José is taking an initial step toward temporarily banning all new smoke shops, as city leaders hope to redistribute the concentration of such businesses across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District 5 Councilmember Peter Ortiz proposed a temporary moratorium on smoke shops to the City Council’s rules committee on Wednesday. Ortiz championed the idea in response to a new county report showing that predominantly Latino areas of the city are heavily saturated with the businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have been waiting long enough for health justice, and so we’re taking action now,” Ortiz said Wednesday outside City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Latinos make up about one in every four residents across Santa Clara County, in the southern portions of the county and in East San José, Latinos account for nearly half of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County’s recently released 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/exjcpb1751/2025-05/lhareport-5-05-2025.pdf?VersionId=x29kOMOkTjA3JoztYS5K8tbKUKkgFQrs\">Latino Health Assessment\u003c/a> — the first comprehensive county analysis of Latino living conditions and outcomes in more than a decade — found that tobacco retailers are more than twice as common in East San José, with nearly seven retailers per square mile, compared to three in the county overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041917\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José District 5 City Councilmember Peter Ortiz, right, listens as Santa Clara County Supervisor Sylvia Arenas speaks during a press conference in support of a temporary ban on new smoke shops in San José outside City Hall on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Studies have shown that tobacco and alcohol retailers cluster in low-income neighborhoods and neighborhoods that predominantly house residents of color,” the assessment report said. “Living near a large number of alcohol and tobacco retailers increases the risk of drinking and smoking and makes it harder to quit these behaviors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assessment also said that neighborhoods with a higher density of alcohol and tobacco retailers have higher rates of assault, injuries and collisions between cars and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These businesses are making it easier for children to access tobacco and vaping products before they even understand the risk,” Pastor Danny Sanchez said Wednesday during a press conference outside City Hall. “In East San José, it’s not uncommon to find two or three smoke shops within a few blocks of a school, but if you go to Los Gatos or Almaden Valley, it is not the same pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ortiz, who represents a portion of East San José, told KQED he is “pro-business,” and expects any such moratorium wouldn’t need to be in place for more than a year, while the city works to formulate new regulations and programs around how and where tobacco or smoke shops are allowed to open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lack of smoke shops on the East Side or throughout the city of San José,” Ortiz said. “You’re advertising and selling products that will result in health problems to our community, and you’re making money off that. And so we need to have leaders that are willing to stand up to greed and advocate for the health outcomes of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules committee asked city staff Wednesday to create an estimate of how much work it would take to craft such a moratorium and other policies to control smoke shops, which the committee will consider on June 11. At that meeting, the committee could also make more specific policy recommendations regarding the moratorium to be reviewed later by the full city council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041913\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041913\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SmokeShopsJG1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Darcie Green, executive director of health nonprofit Latinas Contra Cancer, speaks in support of a temporary ban on new smoke shops in San José outside City Hall on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Darcie Green, executive director of health nonprofit Latinas Contra Cancer, was on the steering committee for the county’s report, which she said affirmed much of what Latinos in East San José already knew anecdotally about health, education and opportunities for communities of color and immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the call for the moratorium isn’t just about opposing smoke shops, but advocating in favor of healthier environments for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This moratorium gives us the breathing room to reimagine East San José, not as a place saturated with harm, but as a model of health, justice and care,” she said Wednesday at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We deserve to regularly assess the health and quality of life of places where we live, work and play, and to reclaim the right to design our surroundings based on what we know, what we value, and what we envision for our own future,” Green added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city already has regulations in place for where cannabis dispensaries can operate and how many of them are allowed in a given area — rules which the council softened in 2023. San José also requires retailers to obtain a retail license from the city to sell tobacco products and bans the sale of flavored tobacco and vapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250528-SJSMOKESHOPS-JG-3_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grizzlys Smoke Shop in the Sunol-Midtown neighborhood of San José on May 28, 2025. San José officials are considering a temporary ban on all new smoke shop businesses in the city after a county report showed they are oversaturated in predominantly Latino areas.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But some businesses, Ortiz contended, set up as “smoke shops” that don’t sell tobacco, and therefore don’t need a license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And they’re not necessarily selling tobacco, but they’re selling paraphernalia. And then they’re sending cannabis and mushrooms under the table,” Ortiz said, adding that these loopholes circumvent city efforts to reduce clustering of such shops and to combat illegal sales of drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we need to make sure that there is an analysis by city staff and then a response through policy,” Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Latino Health Assessment also shows that the community is disproportionately hindered by violence, access to healthcare, social determinants of health such as lower incomes, housing stability and faces increased mental health challenges and systematic barriers, disproportionately hinders the community when compared to the general population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>They’re coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo, the driverless taxi company owned by Google, has received approvals from a state regulator allowing its autonomous vehicles to begin operating in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> and other nearby cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission, which regulates power, telecommunication and transportation industries, gave the green light for the robotaxis that have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035725/waymo-robotaxis-are-everywhere-how-do-we-feel-about-that\">flooded San Francisco’s streets\u003c/a> to begin rolling in the South Bay, according to a letter from the state to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Matt Mahan, in a statement, said it’s about time robotaxis came to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, our region has shaped the future — and now, the ride to work is as forward-thinking as the breakthroughs happening at the office,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12040834\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1593px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12040834\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1593\" height=\"1427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg 1593w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--800x717.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--1020x914.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--160x143.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--1536x1376.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1593px) 100vw, 1593px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows an expansion area where Waymo is now cleared to operate its autonomous taxis in more of the Bay Area, including nearly all of San José. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Waymo/CPUC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mahan also posted on the social media platform \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/MattMahanSJ/status/1901815502571466825\">X\u003c/a> that Waymo will “fit right in” as the company “embodies our region’s spirit of innovation.” However, it’s unclear when the driverless taxis will arrive in the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While this won’t change our operations in the near-term, we’re looking forward to bringing the benefits of Waymo One to more of the Bay Area in the future,” Waymo said on \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Waymo/status/1924595146089496654\">X\u003c/a> on Monday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A company spokesperson told KQED in an email on Monday that there is no timeline to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any expansion of our service will happen methodically over time, and as we grow, we’ll work with local communities, officials, and first responders every step of the way,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12035348 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/230921-TaxiDriver-10-BL-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company received approval for the South Bay expansion from the DMV, which regulates the operation of autonomous vehicles on public roads, on March 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo applied for an amendment to its current CPUC permit in late March, including an updated passenger safety plan, to gain approval to sell rides to passengers. Waymo is providing “more than one million driverless rides each quarter across the San Francisco Peninsula and in the greater Los Angeles area,” the company said in its application letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo’s Bay Area service boundary previously extended from San Francisco south to parts of Sunnyvale. With Monday’s approval, the company will be allowed to operate in nearly all of San José, as well as Los Gatos, Milpitas and larger portions of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s application to the CPUC for a permit amendment was supported by 23 individuals and organizations, including Rep. Sam Liccardo, D-Santa Clara, the San José Sharks, the Hispanic Foundation of Silicon Valley and the San José Downtown Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Waymo’s driverless taxis will soon be able to operate in San José and other South Bay cities after a state regulator approved the expansion.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>They’re coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo, the driverless taxi company owned by Google, has received approvals from a state regulator allowing its autonomous vehicles to begin operating in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> and other nearby cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission, which regulates power, telecommunication and transportation industries, gave the green light for the robotaxis that have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035725/waymo-robotaxis-are-everywhere-how-do-we-feel-about-that\">flooded San Francisco’s streets\u003c/a> to begin rolling in the South Bay, according to a letter from the state to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Matt Mahan, in a statement, said it’s about time robotaxis came to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, our region has shaped the future — and now, the ride to work is as forward-thinking as the breakthroughs happening at the office,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12040834\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1593px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12040834\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1593\" height=\"1427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025-.jpeg 1593w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--800x717.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--1020x914.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--160x143.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/Waymo-map-2025--1536x1376.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1593px) 100vw, 1593px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows an expansion area where Waymo is now cleared to operate its autonomous taxis in more of the Bay Area, including nearly all of San José. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Waymo/CPUC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mahan also posted on the social media platform \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/MattMahanSJ/status/1901815502571466825\">X\u003c/a> that Waymo will “fit right in” as the company “embodies our region’s spirit of innovation.” However, it’s unclear when the driverless taxis will arrive in the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While this won’t change our operations in the near-term, we’re looking forward to bringing the benefits of Waymo One to more of the Bay Area in the future,” Waymo said on \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Waymo/status/1924595146089496654\">X\u003c/a> on Monday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A company spokesperson told KQED in an email on Monday that there is no timeline to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any expansion of our service will happen methodically over time, and as we grow, we’ll work with local communities, officials, and first responders every step of the way,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company received approval for the South Bay expansion from the DMV, which regulates the operation of autonomous vehicles on public roads, on March 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo applied for an amendment to its current CPUC permit in late March, including an updated passenger safety plan, to gain approval to sell rides to passengers. Waymo is providing “more than one million driverless rides each quarter across the San Francisco Peninsula and in the greater Los Angeles area,” the company said in its application letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo’s Bay Area service boundary previously extended from San Francisco south to parts of Sunnyvale. With Monday’s approval, the company will be allowed to operate in nearly all of San José, as well as Los Gatos, Milpitas and larger portions of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s application to the CPUC for a permit amendment was supported by 23 individuals and organizations, including Rep. Sam Liccardo, D-Santa Clara, the San José Sharks, the Hispanic Foundation of Silicon Valley and the San José Downtown Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Santa Clara County’s First Charter School to Close All Campuses, Laying Off 100 Staff",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:02 p.m. Monday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100 teachers and staff at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-clara-county\">Santa Clara County’s\u003c/a> first charter school received layoff notices in late April, as the school prepares to shutter its three remaining schools at the end of the school year due to financial strain and declining enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sal Williams, an English teacher at Downtown College Preparatory’s El Primero Middle School, one of the three schools, said that while the educators are likely to find other jobs, the closure of the schools after nearly 25 years is heartbreaking for the Alum Rock and Downtown San José communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DCP has been such a wonderful gift to both this side of San José, as well as the Alum Rock community. It’s offered a lot of underrepresented students a chance to thrive,” he told KQED. “It’s been really great both to see how it helps the immediate community, but also the larger community of teachers as well as students, and I think it’s just going to be a huge, huge loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downtown College Prep announced in January that it would close its two middle schools and one high school in June due to decreasing enrollment at its campuses and in San José’s public schools. The decision came less than a year after DCP abruptly closed its Alum Rock High School last spring, giving families just a few months’ notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DCP is a fantastic organization and was the original charter school in San José, and it is with great sadness that we’re in this position,” Valerie Royaltey-Quandt, DCP’s interim executive director, said Monday. “And we know that there are a lot of other schools in this situation in our area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP has a budget deficit of $4.5 million, according to public documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The organization has taken significant steps to mitigate the situation over the last 12–18 months, including the closure of one high school, staff reductions and discussions with debt holders,” the school’s board wrote in a message shared with the school community in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12007683 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Downtown College Prep will close its two middle schools and one high school in June, citing declining enrollment and a $4.5 million budget deficit — less than a year after abruptly shutting its Alum Rock campus. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, with the current limited financial resources and considering the overall trend of lower enrollment in San José, the board made the extremely difficult decision to close all three schools at the end of the 2024–2025 school year,” the message continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three schools serve about 950 students in grades 5 through 12. More than 90% of each campus identify as Hispanic or Latino and more than 80% of students qualify as low-income. At its peak, DCP had about 1,600 students, Royaltey-Quandt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who also serves as the president of the school’s teachers union, said DCP was unique in San José, offering students who don’t traditionally have access to small learning environments the chance to foster closer relationships with classmates and teachers.[aside postID=news_12033787 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250401-REGIONALMED-JG-1_qed-1020x680.jpg']“It just helps to personalize education,” he said. “Being in such a small setting, you really get to see these students as people and connect with them that way. That’s just how I like to be as an educator, but I think students really respond to it that their teachers and educators and staff members and admin — everyone knows them as people first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s especially devastating, Williams said, for teachers and students who transferred into El Primero High School from Alum Rock High this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were able to absorb some of the teachers and some of the students and for them to have to go through this again… I teach juniors and seniors, so I have some students who have lost two schools in the span of their high school career,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 850 students will need to find new schools, which Royaltey-Quandt said the school has been supporting heavily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started having planning meetings with parents, with students through our curriculum advisory program. We had a very large high school and middle school fair and invited all of our local charter schools and private schools, and we had a good turnout for that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP officials have also been working with local public school districts to verify that transfers of student records are going smoothly, and sending families surveys as well as checking in with parents directly about every two weeks to offer support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The schools struggled financially since at least the COVID-19 pandemic. Shortly after employees unionized in 2020 — a rare feat for charter staff — they began to raise concerns about some of DCP’s funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As members began trying to track DCP’s finances, Williams said they started to think more and more that, “It doesn’t seem like we’re operating in the green.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12009621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12009621 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1536x961.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1920x1201.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The closure of Downtown College Preparatory’s El Primero Middle School marks a heartbreaking loss for the Alum Rock and Downtown San José communities, especially for students and staff who recently transferred from Alum Rock High. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It kind of came to a head last year … that the organization had a huge fiscal deficit,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last March, the union passed a vote of no confidence in Pete Settelmeyer, the CEO at the time, citing fiscal mismanagement and the abrupt Alum Rock High closure. Settelmeyer resigned months later, and Royaltey-Quandt later took his place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to dwindling enrollment-based funding, DCP has struggled to make up for its reliance on one-time COVID-19 relief funding and the $30 million it owes on bonds used for major construction the school began in 2015.[aside postID=news_12037680 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg']“What really sank our organization are these crazy bonds they took out in order to move two schools, including the one I’m working at, into the old Southern Lumber site… and then renovate what we’ve called the ‘Super Gym,’ a gymnasium over at the Alum Rock site,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP made a deal with the San José Unified School District 10 years ago to lease a 3.4-acre property on Monterey Road, which now houses its administrative offices along with El Camino Middle School and El Primero High School, for just $1 per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school was issued $34 million in bonds to significantly renovate the property, according to board documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The expectation and the budgeting forecasting at that time was that DCP would continue to stabilize and even increase in enrollment,” Royaltey-Quandt said. “And of course, we know in this area, especially post-COVID, our school-age students have been in decline. So all of those factors really contributed to us not being able to pay what we needed to on the debt owed regarding the bond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that with the coming closures of all DCP schools, the organization will be in default on its bonds, and the bondholders will likely sell the property to cover the remaining debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking out huge bonds on buildings that we can’t pay for, I mean, I’m not a real estate person, but it’s not a business move I would ever make,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams told KQED the closures signal a need to reevaluate the charter system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to take a little bit of a closer look at how charter schools are run, because this is something that you just don’t see in the traditional public school,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jgeha\">\u003cem>Joseph Geha\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:02 p.m. Monday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100 teachers and staff at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-clara-county\">Santa Clara County’s\u003c/a> first charter school received layoff notices in late April, as the school prepares to shutter its three remaining schools at the end of the school year due to financial strain and declining enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sal Williams, an English teacher at Downtown College Preparatory’s El Primero Middle School, one of the three schools, said that while the educators are likely to find other jobs, the closure of the schools after nearly 25 years is heartbreaking for the Alum Rock and Downtown San José communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DCP has been such a wonderful gift to both this side of San José, as well as the Alum Rock community. It’s offered a lot of underrepresented students a chance to thrive,” he told KQED. “It’s been really great both to see how it helps the immediate community, but also the larger community of teachers as well as students, and I think it’s just going to be a huge, huge loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downtown College Prep announced in January that it would close its two middle schools and one high school in June due to decreasing enrollment at its campuses and in San José’s public schools. The decision came less than a year after DCP abruptly closed its Alum Rock High School last spring, giving families just a few months’ notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“DCP is a fantastic organization and was the original charter school in San José, and it is with great sadness that we’re in this position,” Valerie Royaltey-Quandt, DCP’s interim executive director, said Monday. “And we know that there are a lot of other schools in this situation in our area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP has a budget deficit of $4.5 million, according to public documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The organization has taken significant steps to mitigate the situation over the last 12–18 months, including the closure of one high school, staff reductions and discussions with debt holders,” the school’s board wrote in a message shared with the school community in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12007683 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1792528853-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Downtown College Prep will close its two middle schools and one high school in June, citing declining enrollment and a $4.5 million budget deficit — less than a year after abruptly shutting its Alum Rock campus. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, with the current limited financial resources and considering the overall trend of lower enrollment in San José, the board made the extremely difficult decision to close all three schools at the end of the 2024–2025 school year,” the message continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three schools serve about 950 students in grades 5 through 12. More than 90% of each campus identify as Hispanic or Latino and more than 80% of students qualify as low-income. At its peak, DCP had about 1,600 students, Royaltey-Quandt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who also serves as the president of the school’s teachers union, said DCP was unique in San José, offering students who don’t traditionally have access to small learning environments the chance to foster closer relationships with classmates and teachers.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It just helps to personalize education,” he said. “Being in such a small setting, you really get to see these students as people and connect with them that way. That’s just how I like to be as an educator, but I think students really respond to it that their teachers and educators and staff members and admin — everyone knows them as people first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s especially devastating, Williams said, for teachers and students who transferred into El Primero High School from Alum Rock High this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were able to absorb some of the teachers and some of the students and for them to have to go through this again… I teach juniors and seniors, so I have some students who have lost two schools in the span of their high school career,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 850 students will need to find new schools, which Royaltey-Quandt said the school has been supporting heavily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started having planning meetings with parents, with students through our curriculum advisory program. We had a very large high school and middle school fair and invited all of our local charter schools and private schools, and we had a good turnout for that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP officials have also been working with local public school districts to verify that transfers of student records are going smoothly, and sending families surveys as well as checking in with parents directly about every two weeks to offer support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The schools struggled financially since at least the COVID-19 pandemic. Shortly after employees unionized in 2020 — a rare feat for charter staff — they began to raise concerns about some of DCP’s funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As members began trying to track DCP’s finances, Williams said they started to think more and more that, “It doesn’t seem like we’re operating in the green.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12009621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12009621 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1536x961.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SchoolLockers-1920x1201.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The closure of Downtown College Preparatory’s El Primero Middle School marks a heartbreaking loss for the Alum Rock and Downtown San José communities, especially for students and staff who recently transferred from Alum Rock High. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It kind of came to a head last year … that the organization had a huge fiscal deficit,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last March, the union passed a vote of no confidence in Pete Settelmeyer, the CEO at the time, citing fiscal mismanagement and the abrupt Alum Rock High closure. Settelmeyer resigned months later, and Royaltey-Quandt later took his place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to dwindling enrollment-based funding, DCP has struggled to make up for its reliance on one-time COVID-19 relief funding and the $30 million it owes on bonds used for major construction the school began in 2015.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What really sank our organization are these crazy bonds they took out in order to move two schools, including the one I’m working at, into the old Southern Lumber site… and then renovate what we’ve called the ‘Super Gym,’ a gymnasium over at the Alum Rock site,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCP made a deal with the San José Unified School District 10 years ago to lease a 3.4-acre property on Monterey Road, which now houses its administrative offices along with El Camino Middle School and El Primero High School, for just $1 per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school was issued $34 million in bonds to significantly renovate the property, according to board documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The expectation and the budgeting forecasting at that time was that DCP would continue to stabilize and even increase in enrollment,” Royaltey-Quandt said. “And of course, we know in this area, especially post-COVID, our school-age students have been in decline. So all of those factors really contributed to us not being able to pay what we needed to on the debt owed regarding the bond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that with the coming closures of all DCP schools, the organization will be in default on its bonds, and the bondholders will likely sell the property to cover the remaining debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking out huge bonds on buildings that we can’t pay for, I mean, I’m not a real estate person, but it’s not a business move I would ever make,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams told KQED the closures signal a need to reevaluate the charter system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to take a little bit of a closer look at how charter schools are run, because this is something that you just don’t see in the traditional public school,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jgeha\">\u003cem>Joseph Geha\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A star met a violent end in a galaxy far, far away — about 600 million light-years from Earth. It wandered too close to a black hole and was ripped apart in a bright burst of light. That much isn’t unusual, but what stunned astronomers was where it happened: not in the dense center of the galaxy, but thousands of light years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomers at UC Berkeley discovered a massive black hole actively devouring a star outside of a galaxy’s central core — a cosmic spectacle known as a \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/black-hole-tidal-disruption-event/\">tidal disruption event, or TDE\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2025/05/08/not-one-but-two-massive-black-holes-are-eating-away-at-this-galaxy/\">This recent discovery\u003c/a> may help astronomers uncover a hidden population of wandering black holes quietly roaming the outskirts of galaxies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tidal disruption event occurs when a star drifts too close to a black hole and gets “spaghettified” — stretched and torn by intense gravitational forces. The process releases a burst of light that can outshine an entire galaxy for weeks or months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039809\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1536x1053.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1920x1316.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Hubble Space Telescope image of galaxy located 600 million light-years away that is host to the telltale signature of a roaming supermassive black hole. Visible in the Hubble image is a tidal disruption event (TDE), an intense flash of radiation caused by the supermassive black hole eating a star. The photo taken on Jan. 16, 2025, with Hubble’s WFC3 detector in UV and visible light wavelengths.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Traditionally, astronomers have observed black holes consuming stars only in the center of a galaxy, where supermassive black holes — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/supermassive-black-hole-sagittarius/\">like the Milky Way’s own Sagittarius A*\u003c/a> — tend to reside. Advanced telescopes have recorded approximately 100 TDE events so far, but this is the first time a photo has been captured of one offset from the center of a galaxy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every 30,000 years, there can be a star that’s coming close to the wandering black hole. Their orbit comes too close, and they will be tidally disrupted, producing a TDE,” said Yuhan Yao, a Miller Postdoctoral Fellow at UC Berkeley and lead author of \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17661\">the recent study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But this is the first one that was discovered in the optical wavelengths,” Yao said, referring to the visible light that human eyes can perceive. “It’s very hard to find these wandering black holes, and a TDE gives us a way to do it,” Yao said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12039342 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/pia00159-venus-1020x1020.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new flare, dubbed \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/black-hole-tde-at2024tvd/\">AT2024tvd\u003c/a>, was spotted far from the galaxy’s center using the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ztf.caltech.edu/\">Zwicky Transient Facility\u003c/a>, a telescope located in San Diego designed to detect sudden changes in the night sky. The event’s unusual location was later confirmed by high-resolution images taken by the \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/\">Hubble Space Telescope\u003c/a>, which pinpointed the flare’s origin well outside the galactic center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discovery is more than just a cosmic oddity — it provides a new window into a hidden population of wandering black holes in our galaxies. Astronomers have long theorized that rogue supermassive black holes should exist, particularly as a byproduct of two or more galaxies colliding and blending over billions of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During such galactic mergers, smaller galaxies — and the black holes they carry — can become gravitationally displaced, wandering the larger galaxy for eons before eventually settling into its core or merging with other black holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These events hold great promise for illuminating the presence of massive black holes that we would otherwise not be able to detect,” said Ryan Chornock, an astronomy professor at UC Berkeley. With this latest event, scientists now have direct, observable proof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why this black hole is so far from the galaxy’s heart remains a mystery. Scientists have a theory that it could have been flung from the center during a violent three-body interaction involving multiple black holes. Another idea is that it came from a smaller satellite galaxy that merged with the current one, leaving the black hole stranded midstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039819\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039819\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1536x1053.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1920x1316.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A combined Hubble Space Telescope/Chandra X-Ray Observatory image of a galaxy located 600 million light-years away that is host to the telltale signature of a roaming supermassive black hole, released May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Science: NASA, ESA, STScI, Yuhan Yao (UC Berkeley); Image Processing: Joseph DePasquale (STScI))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The origin is more complicated in this scenario, and they [the black holes] are so close that maybe in the very far future they can merge, producing gravitational waves. But that’s very far in the future, that’s not within our lifetime,” Yao said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever its origin, this rogue black hole may not remain isolated forever. A black hole merger that could release these powerful gravitational waves that Yao mentioned could one day be detected by future space-based observatories like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, or LISA,\u003ca href=\"https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/LISA/Capturing_the_ripples_of_spacetime_LISA_gets_go-ahead#:~:text=The%20launch%20of%20the%20three,scientists%20(the%20LISA%20consortium)\"> set to launch in 2035\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yao said she’s looking forward to the first images captured by the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/about\">Vera Rubin Observatory\u003c/a> in Chile, home to the 8.4-meter Simonyi Survey telescope, the largest digital camera ever built, that will survey the southern sky every week beginning this year. “In the future, with the Rubin Observatory, we will be able to find many more tidal disruption events. Because it has better sensitivity, we can probe a much larger distance, the bigger volume of the universe. I’m very excited about using that facility for my future research.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A star met a violent end in a galaxy far, far away — about 600 million light-years from Earth. It wandered too close to a black hole and was ripped apart in a bright burst of light. That much isn’t unusual, but what stunned astronomers was where it happened: not in the dense center of the galaxy, but thousands of light years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomers at UC Berkeley discovered a massive black hole actively devouring a star outside of a galaxy’s central core — a cosmic spectacle known as a \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/black-hole-tidal-disruption-event/\">tidal disruption event, or TDE\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2025/05/08/not-one-but-two-massive-black-holes-are-eating-away-at-this-galaxy/\">This recent discovery\u003c/a> may help astronomers uncover a hidden population of wandering black holes quietly roaming the outskirts of galaxies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tidal disruption event occurs when a star drifts too close to a black hole and gets “spaghettified” — stretched and torn by intense gravitational forces. The process releases a burst of light that can outshine an entire galaxy for weeks or months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039809\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1536x1053.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1920x1316.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Hubble Space Telescope image of galaxy located 600 million light-years away that is host to the telltale signature of a roaming supermassive black hole. Visible in the Hubble image is a tidal disruption event (TDE), an intense flash of radiation caused by the supermassive black hole eating a star. The photo taken on Jan. 16, 2025, with Hubble’s WFC3 detector in UV and visible light wavelengths.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Traditionally, astronomers have observed black holes consuming stars only in the center of a galaxy, where supermassive black holes — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/supermassive-black-hole-sagittarius/\">like the Milky Way’s own Sagittarius A*\u003c/a> — tend to reside. Advanced telescopes have recorded approximately 100 TDE events so far, but this is the first time a photo has been captured of one offset from the center of a galaxy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every 30,000 years, there can be a star that’s coming close to the wandering black hole. Their orbit comes too close, and they will be tidally disrupted, producing a TDE,” said Yuhan Yao, a Miller Postdoctoral Fellow at UC Berkeley and lead author of \u003ca href=\"https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17661\">the recent study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But this is the first one that was discovered in the optical wavelengths,” Yao said, referring to the visible light that human eyes can perceive. “It’s very hard to find these wandering black holes, and a TDE gives us a way to do it,” Yao said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new flare, dubbed \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/black-hole-tde-at2024tvd/\">AT2024tvd\u003c/a>, was spotted far from the galaxy’s center using the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ztf.caltech.edu/\">Zwicky Transient Facility\u003c/a>, a telescope located in San Diego designed to detect sudden changes in the night sky. The event’s unusual location was later confirmed by high-resolution images taken by the \u003ca href=\"https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/\">Hubble Space Telescope\u003c/a>, which pinpointed the flare’s origin well outside the galactic center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discovery is more than just a cosmic oddity — it provides a new window into a hidden population of wandering black holes in our galaxies. Astronomers have long theorized that rogue supermassive black holes should exist, particularly as a byproduct of two or more galaxies colliding and blending over billions of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During such galactic mergers, smaller galaxies — and the black holes they carry — can become gravitationally displaced, wandering the larger galaxy for eons before eventually settling into its core or merging with other black holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These events hold great promise for illuminating the presence of massive black holes that we would otherwise not be able to detect,” said Ryan Chornock, an astronomy professor at UC Berkeley. With this latest event, scientists now have direct, observable proof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why this black hole is so far from the galaxy’s heart remains a mystery. Scientists have a theory that it could have been flung from the center during a violent three-body interaction involving multiple black holes. Another idea is that it came from a smaller satellite galaxy that merged with the current one, leaving the black hole stranded midstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039819\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039819\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1536x1053.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2000x1371-1-1920x1316.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A combined Hubble Space Telescope/Chandra X-Ray Observatory image of a galaxy located 600 million light-years away that is host to the telltale signature of a roaming supermassive black hole, released May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Science: NASA, ESA, STScI, Yuhan Yao (UC Berkeley); Image Processing: Joseph DePasquale (STScI))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The origin is more complicated in this scenario, and they [the black holes] are so close that maybe in the very far future they can merge, producing gravitational waves. But that’s very far in the future, that’s not within our lifetime,” Yao said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever its origin, this rogue black hole may not remain isolated forever. A black hole merger that could release these powerful gravitational waves that Yao mentioned could one day be detected by future space-based observatories like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, or LISA,\u003ca href=\"https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/LISA/Capturing_the_ripples_of_spacetime_LISA_gets_go-ahead#:~:text=The%20launch%20of%20the%20three,scientists%20(the%20LISA%20consortium)\"> set to launch in 2035\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yao said she’s looking forward to the first images captured by the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/about\">Vera Rubin Observatory\u003c/a> in Chile, home to the 8.4-meter Simonyi Survey telescope, the largest digital camera ever built, that will survey the southern sky every week beginning this year. “In the future, with the Rubin Observatory, we will be able to find many more tidal disruption events. Because it has better sensitivity, we can probe a much larger distance, the bigger volume of the universe. I’m very excited about using that facility for my future research.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This weekend, Symphony San Jose performs three pieces, each an invitation to escape the bounds of our own planet and consider the wonders that lie beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mankind has always looked up to the heavens and wondered, ‘What is out there?’” said Robert Massey, artistic director at Symphony San Jose. “It makes us reflect on our own existence and mortality and where we’ve come from and where we’re going. It’s like nature’s perfect muse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space — like great art — exists beyond the boundaries of the everyday. Astronomer and semi-retired professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.fraknoi.com/about-me/\">Andrew Fraknoi\u003c/a>, instructor at the Fromm Institute of the University of San Francisco, said it’s this frontier nature that makes planets, stars and galaxies so ripe for composing music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Outer space is so much larger, so much more complex than what we have on Earth, has inspired writers, it’s inspired scientists — people become astronomers because of that mystery — and it’s inspired composers and songwriters. It has been a very natural source of inspiration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.symphonysanjose.org\">Symphony San Jose\u003c/a>’s program, which people can experience on Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m., will begin with \u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em>, a contemporary piece by composer Jessie Montgomery, followed by Gustav Holst’s \u003cem>The Planets\u003c/em> and W.A. Mozart’s \u003cem>Symphony No. 41\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"689\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-800x431.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-1020x549.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-160x86.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of Symphony San Jose performing at the California Theatre in December 2023. On Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m., Symphony San Jose performs three pieces contemplating the vast universe and its heavenly bodies. \u003ccite>(Photos courtesy of Symphony San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Planets \u003c/em>is the concert’s anchor. It’s a mammoth masterpiece that was and is so loved, Holst could never compose a follow-up that outshone it, leaving him with the unfortunate impression of being a one-hit wonder. Seven planets and their musical motifs will pair with high-definition imagery from NASA projected on a giant screen above the stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a distinctive theme behind each planet,” Massey said, who selected the program. \u003cem>Mars, The Bringer of War,\u003c/em> is the first movement. Holst’s five-four rhythm sets a martial tone and compels it forward, like soldiers surging into battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Williams directly quoted “Mars” in his Oscar-winning \u003cem>Star Wars\u003c/em> score. Movie fans will recognize what sounds like Darth Vader’s theme, \u003cem>The Imperial March.\u003c/em> “It’s the same key, it’s the same chord, and it just builds this incredible tension,” Massey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12036237 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/JupiterGetty-1020x673.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nTB_o01K4Rc\">paired visuals include close-up shots\u003c/a> of the Red Planet, flights through its mountains and canyons and simulated imagery of landers and rovers reaching the surface and beginning their missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mars will be followed by \u003cem>Venus, The Bringer Of Peace\u003c/em>, a relaxing, softer, more romantic piece, which returns to a classic, balanced-feeling four-four time signature. Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune each get their chance to shine during this nearly hour-long piece. Pluto is not included because it hadn’t been discovered in 1916, at the time of Holst’s composition (not even to be demoted to a dwarf planet).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the final movement, \u003cem>Neptune, the Mystic\u003c/em>, about 90 musicians will be on stage, including 50 choral singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really nice texture that Holst uses for this ethereal women’s chorus that comes in,” Massey said. “This will be the largest number of musicians on our stage this season.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the audience might feel like they have explored the solar system, that was not atop Holst’s mind when composing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you read Holst’s notes,” Fraknoi said, “each of the pieces named after a planet is about the astrological characteristics of that planet, not what that planet is really like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039356\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 863px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039356\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"863\" height=\"629\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg 863w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig-800x583.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig-160x117.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 863px) 100vw, 863px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image of Jupiter and its moon Io, at left, was taken by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft on Dec. 1, 2000. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL/University of Arizona)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For this reason, Fraknoi excluded it from a \u003ca href=\"https://astrosociety.org/education-outreach/resource-guides/music-inspired-by-astronomy-organized-by-topic.html\">list he keeps of music inspired by astronomy\u003c/a>, which he sometimes uses as a teaching resource. Despite that, he said, it’s still “a wonderful piece of music and it has not stopped astronomers from adopting the piece of music to their own purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final piece is Mozart’s \u003cem>Symphony No. 41\u003c/em>, dubbed the “Jupiter Symphony” after the composer’s death. It’s considered one of his best symphonies, an exuberant, grand work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, a concert promoter thought that it would sell more tickets” if it had a nickname, Massey said. “It was given that name primarily because this symphony was so unlike anything else at the time, it was so much longer, it was kind of a giant of its own and widely regarded as just one of the best symphonies in history, even long after Mozart died.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first chords of the music remind some people of thunder, which are associated with Jupiter, ancient Roman pantheon’s main deity and thunderbolt-hurler-in-chief, and with the real planet. NASA’s Juno mission has observed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/nasas-juno-mission-captures-lightning-on-jupiter/\">glow of bolts of lightning\u003c/a> on Jupiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1996634 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/04/231102-CRISTINA-MORA-MD-09_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massey selected this symphony because he wanted to bring new works to Symphony San Jose, which he said has not performed the work yet in its 22 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it would be a great time to bring this warhorse out and pair it with \u003cem>The Planets\u003c/em>,” he said. To begin the concert, he wanted something composed more recently. “\u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em>” is the only piece written by a living composer, Jessie Montgomery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a huge believer in fostering the future of the symphonic canon,” Massey said. “Jessie Montgomery is a composer who is just doing incredible work and is going to have a long legacy of her own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em> is a short piece that comes in at about three and a half minutes, but in that time, the listener is energized and transported. Montgomery wanted to showcase the wide range of feelings, colors, textures and techniques that are available in a string orchestra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It resulted in a kind of glowing sheen,” Montgomery told KQED. “That was my goal, thinking of it reflecting a starburst or some kind of cosmic explosion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The imagery of space, Montgomery said, was helpful in getting her unstuck and guiding the evolution of the piece. It’s a great piece to open a concert with, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s virtuosic. It features the really special qualities of individual instruments in the orchestra. I think that’s what makes it so effective. You get a lot sonically out of a small package.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.symphonysanjose.org\">weekend’s concerts\u003c/a> kick off on Friday morning with two shows just for school kids, followed by shows Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tatsuyashimono.com/biography-en/\">Tatsuya Shimono\u003c/a> will conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is really the high point of our season,” Massey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Outer space is so much larger, so much more complex than what we have on Earth, has inspired writers, it’s inspired scientists — people become astronomers because of that mystery — and it’s inspired composers and songwriters. It has been a very natural source of inspiration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.symphonysanjose.org\">Symphony San Jose\u003c/a>’s program, which people can experience on Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m., will begin with \u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em>, a contemporary piece by composer Jessie Montgomery, followed by Gustav Holst’s \u003cem>The Planets\u003c/em> and W.A. Mozart’s \u003cem>Symphony No. 41\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"689\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-800x431.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-1020x549.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/JON_9670-copy-1-160x86.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of Symphony San Jose performing at the California Theatre in December 2023. On Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m., Symphony San Jose performs three pieces contemplating the vast universe and its heavenly bodies. \u003ccite>(Photos courtesy of Symphony San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Planets \u003c/em>is the concert’s anchor. It’s a mammoth masterpiece that was and is so loved, Holst could never compose a follow-up that outshone it, leaving him with the unfortunate impression of being a one-hit wonder. Seven planets and their musical motifs will pair with high-definition imagery from NASA projected on a giant screen above the stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a distinctive theme behind each planet,” Massey said, who selected the program. \u003cem>Mars, The Bringer of War,\u003c/em> is the first movement. Holst’s five-four rhythm sets a martial tone and compels it forward, like soldiers surging into battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Williams directly quoted “Mars” in his Oscar-winning \u003cem>Star Wars\u003c/em> score. Movie fans will recognize what sounds like Darth Vader’s theme, \u003cem>The Imperial March.\u003c/em> “It’s the same key, it’s the same chord, and it just builds this incredible tension,” Massey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nTB_o01K4Rc\">paired visuals include close-up shots\u003c/a> of the Red Planet, flights through its mountains and canyons and simulated imagery of landers and rovers reaching the surface and beginning their missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mars will be followed by \u003cem>Venus, The Bringer Of Peace\u003c/em>, a relaxing, softer, more romantic piece, which returns to a classic, balanced-feeling four-four time signature. Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune each get their chance to shine during this nearly hour-long piece. Pluto is not included because it hadn’t been discovered in 1916, at the time of Holst’s composition (not even to be demoted to a dwarf planet).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the final movement, \u003cem>Neptune, the Mystic\u003c/em>, about 90 musicians will be on stage, including 50 choral singers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really nice texture that Holst uses for this ethereal women’s chorus that comes in,” Massey said. “This will be the largest number of musicians on our stage this season.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the audience might feel like they have explored the solar system, that was not atop Holst’s mind when composing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you read Holst’s notes,” Fraknoi said, “each of the pieces named after a planet is about the astrological characteristics of that planet, not what that planet is really like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039356\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 863px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039356\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"863\" height=\"629\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig.jpg 863w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig-800x583.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/PIA02852orig-160x117.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 863px) 100vw, 863px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image of Jupiter and its moon Io, at left, was taken by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft on Dec. 1, 2000. \u003ccite>(NASA/JPL/University of Arizona)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For this reason, Fraknoi excluded it from a \u003ca href=\"https://astrosociety.org/education-outreach/resource-guides/music-inspired-by-astronomy-organized-by-topic.html\">list he keeps of music inspired by astronomy\u003c/a>, which he sometimes uses as a teaching resource. Despite that, he said, it’s still “a wonderful piece of music and it has not stopped astronomers from adopting the piece of music to their own purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final piece is Mozart’s \u003cem>Symphony No. 41\u003c/em>, dubbed the “Jupiter Symphony” after the composer’s death. It’s considered one of his best symphonies, an exuberant, grand work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, a concert promoter thought that it would sell more tickets” if it had a nickname, Massey said. “It was given that name primarily because this symphony was so unlike anything else at the time, it was so much longer, it was kind of a giant of its own and widely regarded as just one of the best symphonies in history, even long after Mozart died.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first chords of the music remind some people of thunder, which are associated with Jupiter, ancient Roman pantheon’s main deity and thunderbolt-hurler-in-chief, and with the real planet. NASA’s Juno mission has observed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/nasas-juno-mission-captures-lightning-on-jupiter/\">glow of bolts of lightning\u003c/a> on Jupiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massey selected this symphony because he wanted to bring new works to Symphony San Jose, which he said has not performed the work yet in its 22 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it would be a great time to bring this warhorse out and pair it with \u003cem>The Planets\u003c/em>,” he said. To begin the concert, he wanted something composed more recently. “\u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em>” is the only piece written by a living composer, Jessie Montgomery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a huge believer in fostering the future of the symphonic canon,” Massey said. “Jessie Montgomery is a composer who is just doing incredible work and is going to have a long legacy of her own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Starburst\u003c/em> is a short piece that comes in at about three and a half minutes, but in that time, the listener is energized and transported. Montgomery wanted to showcase the wide range of feelings, colors, textures and techniques that are available in a string orchestra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It resulted in a kind of glowing sheen,” Montgomery told KQED. “That was my goal, thinking of it reflecting a starburst or some kind of cosmic explosion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The imagery of space, Montgomery said, was helpful in getting her unstuck and guiding the evolution of the piece. It’s a great piece to open a concert with, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s virtuosic. It features the really special qualities of individual instruments in the orchestra. I think that’s what makes it so effective. You get a lot sonically out of a small package.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.symphonysanjose.org\">weekend’s concerts\u003c/a> kick off on Friday morning with two shows just for school kids, followed by shows Saturday, May 10, 2025, at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday, May 11, at 2:30 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tatsuyashimono.com/biography-en/\">Tatsuya Shimono\u003c/a> will conduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is really the high point of our season,” Massey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "San José’s Vietnamese American Community Remembers 50 Years Since the Fall of Saigon",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wednesday marked 50 years since the end of the Vietnam War. As a result of the north’s victory, an estimated 120,000 Vietnamese refugees fled to communities all over the U.S. — including to San José. Today, it’s hard to imagine San José without the Vietnamese American community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5499242058\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:01:25] The whole identity of San Jose is very much, you know, influenced by the Vietnamese American community at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:01:34] Joseph Geha is a South Bay reporter for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:01:41] San Jose has become one of the main loci of Vietnamese-Americans in the country. The latest U.S. Census five-year American Community Survey data, we’re looking at about 122,000 people in San Jose proper that identify as Vietnamese-American or of Vietnamese descent. And within the Santa Clara County as a whole, about 150,000 plus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:02:08] As you’ve just been talking about, Joseph, that wasn’t always the case. And Wednesday marked 50 years since the fall of Saigon. How did that moment begin to lay the groundwork for the community that exists in the South Bay now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:02:26] Yeah, I mean, it was a very intense time. You had an initial drawdown of American troops happening already in Vietnam in the years before 1975 through the Paris Peace Accords. But on April 30th, 1975, that was the last American military presence to be removed out of Vietnam or being pulled out of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:02:54] And that is when Northern Vietnamese communist forces took Saigon, and that kind of represented the formal ending of the war. So you’ve got an untold number, really, but at least 130,000 some odd Vietnamese refugees who were concerned that their anti-communist sentiments and work potentially with U.S. Forces would get them into severe trouble, possibly even injured or killed, put into like a reeducation camp by the communist forces if they were to stay. And so those people, with some assistance from the U.S. And other forces, were able to get airlifted out of Vietnam right at the fall of Saigon or shortly thereafter. Their journey was not a simple one. They were often put at different military bases in the Southern Pacific and different island nations where the US had military bases and then eventually transferred to America and dispersed there. There was a lot of steps along the way. Santa Clara County was one of the first places to kind of establish at the county level a formal refugee resettlement program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:03:58] And one of the families who arrived to Santa Clara County under this resettlement program was the family of Betty Duong, the first Vietnamese American county supervisor in Santa Clara. What is her family’s immigration story? And also, why did you wanna talk with her?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:04:19] Yeah, well, as you noted, she is the first Vietnamese-American supervisor in Santa Clara County. She was just elected in last year’s election. I felt that she has a very good perspective to share with people because she grew up in San Jose, because her parents fled Vietnam, and because she has a daughter that she’s raising in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:04:37] I feel a huge sense of pride that our families are so much part of the fabric of this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:04:49] So her parents had recently been married. They were living in Saigon, and they fled the country in 1977, just a couple years after the fall of Saigon. And her mother at the time was only 22 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:04] They left in the middle of the night, they pushed off on a fishing boat, and then they were out at sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:12] And just nearby on like another boat, she was able to see her brother, you know, this is Betty Duong’s uncle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:19] And she saw the boat that her brother was on be taken by pirates. So for years, for years she didn’t know what happened to her brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:31] He ended up surviving, but her family didn’t know that until years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:37] On day three or four, the boat ran out of gas. It’s now just floating on the open seas. And then on day five…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:45] A container ship picks up the people on that boat with Betty Duong’s parents and takes them to an island nation before they are resettled in the U.S. And eventually San Jose, where Betty Duong was born a short time later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:06:04] So Santa Clara County is one of the few places to open its doors to refugees like Betty Duong’s family. Where does she grow up and did her family feel welcomed where they were?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:06:19] Betty Duong grew up in and around downtown San Jose. She said she lived in section eight housing for a time right across from San Jose State University. And she kind of believed as a young girl that the whole world looked like the five block radius around her apartment, right? With lots of Vietnamese and Latino families living side by side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:06:40] The door was always left open because no one had air conditioning, music, Vietnamese music was blasting like from 7 a.m. In the morning throughout the whole weekend, and that’s where we grew up relying on county services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:06:55] But as far as feeling welcome, I mean, her family experienced a lot of racism and a lot of bigotry here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:07:02] In my childhood, it was very normal for someone to shout at us on the street, like go back home to your country ch***.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:09] People were berating them for not knowing English, her parents, at medical appointments or even out in public and at restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:07:19] It just kind of always made you feel like your identity was under attack or that your family was under attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:26] Certainly there was, you know, at a very generous interpretation, a mixed feeling about refugees here even in Santa Clara County, and her parents experienced that firsthand, and so did she.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:07:45] Yeah, I mean, what was the political context in the US at this time, especially around immigrants and immigration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:53] First of all, the U.S. and its residents were very divided about the war in Vietnam, right? Whether it was a good or bad war to be fighting is a very simple way of saying it, whether or not we needed to be there or should have been there. And also very divided over whether to accept refugees. Just the year before the fall of Saigon, you had President Richard Nixon leaving office over the Watergate scandal. And all of this is kind of laid on top of this background of skyrocketing on unemployment and inflation and kind of an economic crisis. So it was a very fraught time when Vietnamese refugees started arriving in waves to America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Hien Duc Do \u003c/strong>[00:08:34] Vietnamese refugees came at a time when it was pretty contradictory or conflicting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:08:41] I also spoke to Professor Hien Duc Do, and he’s a professor of sociology and Asian-American studies at San Jose State University. He’s essentially saying that these refugees were arriving at a time that was very difficult for Americans already. And the question of whether to accept refugees from this, you know, very controversial war effort that America had gotten itself involved in was a tough one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Hien Duc Do \u003c/strong>[00:09:09] A lot of them came literally without anything but the clothes on their backs and you know as a young teenager it’s very it was very uncertain times right it’s just as it was for a lot of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:25] I mean, that said, how does Betty Duong describe life as a child of refugees growing up in San Jose and Santa Clara County?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:09:35] She has a lot of gratitude for the county welcoming her family and others like her family here, but there were a lot challenges for her family, and others here. The county services that her family relied on, they weren’t always implemented in a very culturally appropriate way, or they were implemented in ways that just didn’t really understand or consider the daily realities for people like her parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:10:01] It always kind of felt short and it always added like a sense of chaos. It seemed like it was always someone else’s decision. It was always somebody else’s call. What we were going to eat, how we were gonna eat, where we were gonna live, how are we gonna live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:10:15] People like her family and others who live nearby receive food assistance boxes from food banks in the county, and a lot of times it would include a large block or several rations of what’s known as government cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:10:28] People lovingly reference government cheese, right? But for a population that’s like 90% lactose intolerant, that was just not a viable option. It’s not part of the culture. It’s not part of culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:10:39] Also things like health care. Her mother and father needed health care appointments like everybody else, and sometimes she’d have to go with her mom to these medical appointments or consultations, and they’re spread out around the city, and her mom was using public transit, so she’d be taking several different bus trips around different parts of the city or the county to get from one appointment to the next. So there just wasn’t this consideration of how difficult that might be for somebody without a lot of money or resources or a daily car to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:11:05] And she’s joining them because as a child, she’s also translating for her parents, right? Which as I know is a very common experience for many children of immigrants in the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:11:16] Yeah, children of immigrants, children of refugees, this is a common experience, exactly. And Betty Duong was learning English at the same time as her parents. She was growing up in public schools in San Jose and learning English, but she had also learned Vietnamese at home. So English was technically a second language for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:11:33] Neighbors would come over with their kids’ enrollment papers, like, can your daughter help me out with this? Or new prospective tenants were coming to try to rent an apartment, and if they spoke only Vietnamese, the landlord asked my mom if I could help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:11:50] And she even talked about serious situations, like if the police showed up on her block and needed to talk to somebody in her apartment building, she might have to translate through a police officer. And that’s something, you know, she reflects on now is something that no child should ever have to go through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:12:05] There’s many little memories of just good policy, but with bad implementation, right? Or good intentions, government programs, or support programs, but it just kind of fell short because it didn’t take into account what is it that folks were really challenged with. And I felt that really defined my childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:12:47] I mean, it sounds like throughout her childhood, Betty Duong is really picking up on all the ways that the systems in place were sort of failing Vietnamese refugees like our family, despite being open to them. And then I feel like this knowledge and this feeling really comes to a head in the summer of 2003, what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:13:12] Yeah, in July 2003, there was a fatal police shooting of a young Vietnamese-American woman, Bich Cau Thi Tran. She’s a young, Vietnamese- American woman with two boys, and she had struggled with her mental health. And she was fatally shot by San Jose police officer Chad Marshall. Essentially, police got called out by a neighbor who was worried about, like, a domestic issue at the apartment complex there where Ms. Tran lived. And when the officers arrived you know, they found her in the kitchen and she was holding a Vietnamese style vegetable peeler, which the officer would later say he thought was a large knife and he thought, you know he was going to be killed by Ms. Tran and he shot her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:13:53] When the story first broke, we were hearing on TV that this woman attacked the officer with a butcher knife. And then when we saw there was the same vegetable peeler that’s in every single Asian household, right? It was just some really heartbreaking that this woman, she was killed by a police officer in front of her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:14:20] So this shooting happened in July of 2003, and it really shook up the community. Betty Duong said she was at community college at the time, but she remembers it vividly. I mean, the moment I asked her about this woman in this shooting, she immediately became emotional, because even 22 years later, she said it was a defining moment for her in her life and in the community\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:14:44] One of the rare times that my very Republican, very conservative dad and I, like, had full agreement, right, that something was wrong. And this is where he and I really agreed that significant missteps, that inherent biases, camouflaged racism, like these were all at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:03] And, you know, that killing really, really motivated the community to organize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tam Nguyen \u003c/strong>[00:15:13] That woke people up, that we need to stand up. We need to raise our voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:17] We had spoken to Tam Nguyen. He’s a former city council member who was elected in 2014. He’s also an attorney and a community advocate. And he essentially told us that this was a wake-up call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tam Nguyen \u003c/strong>[00:15:30] We need to get our act together, get our votes together, so people learn that the power, the political, and then resource and benefit come through your votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:15:42] What are some of the things that the Vietnamese American community really pushes for and also wins in the years since the shooting in 2003?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:51] There were desires for more cultural sensitivity training for police officers and language training, right? To avoid this horrible outcome from happening again, but also there, in the years following that and since then, there have been bigger asks for continued increases in representation, for language access across a series of services and programs, not just at the county level, but at the city level for small business programs, for council meetings. The protests, the marches, the demonstrations, and the demands for better representation. You know, it helped propel Madison Nguyen, who would be the very first person elected to San Jose City Council of this community. It helped propels her into that seat. As many immigrant and refugee communities in the South Bay have also advocated for, the Vietnamese-American community also wanted to see more opportunities for business owners to get a piece of the pie in the South Bay, right? San Jose’s a large city with a big budget. And we’ve heard from people like Tam Nguyen and others that there still isn’t really enough representation of business owners getting contracts in San Jose and the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:17:01] So it sounds like this is like the beginning of not just the sort of existence of Vietnamese Americans in the South Bay, but really like the integration of them into the fabric of the community as business owners, as people who are politically active and engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:17:18] Absolutely, and for, you know, for working continually as so many people in the South Bay are to erase the structures of the past that have put communities of color lower in the rankings for a variety of services, opportunities, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:17:39] And of course, we’re talking about all this, Joseph, because Wednesday was the 50th anniversary of the fall of Saigon, and I feel like so much of this story is about how this moment in time has really shaped San Jose as we know it today. I mean, how is the community reflecting on this moment? Like, what have you seen in San Jose?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:18:05] When I spoke with Betty Duong about this, she told us that, you know, for her parents’ generation, it’s essentially a day of national mourning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:18:14] When I talk to my elders, they say it’s the day we lost our country. It’s the we lost home. It’s a day of national regret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:18:21] But for people of her generation, they’re still very connected to their parents’ stories and to that first generation’s stories. But as second-generation people here in the county and in the city of San Jose, they are working to kind of create a new and better future here in the South Bay. And they’re also raising their kids, their third generation, like Betty Duong’s kids, and they have to decide, as many immigrants or refugee families do, how to raise their kids and what to teach them and what emphasize and what kind of hold back on. So that the traumas of the past are a lesson that will be learned and absorbed, but also that they, you know, so that they don’t affect too harshly the path of these future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:19:08] Well Joseph, thank you so much for sharing your reporting with us, I appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:19:13] Thank you for having me.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wednesday marked 50 years since the end of the Vietnam War. As a result of the north’s victory, an estimated 120,000 Vietnamese refugees fled to communities all over the U.S. — including to San José. Today, it’s hard to imagine San José without the Vietnamese American community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5499242058\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:01:25] The whole identity of San Jose is very much, you know, influenced by the Vietnamese American community at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:01:34] Joseph Geha is a South Bay reporter for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:01:41] San Jose has become one of the main loci of Vietnamese-Americans in the country. The latest U.S. Census five-year American Community Survey data, we’re looking at about 122,000 people in San Jose proper that identify as Vietnamese-American or of Vietnamese descent. And within the Santa Clara County as a whole, about 150,000 plus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:02:08] As you’ve just been talking about, Joseph, that wasn’t always the case. And Wednesday marked 50 years since the fall of Saigon. How did that moment begin to lay the groundwork for the community that exists in the South Bay now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:02:26] Yeah, I mean, it was a very intense time. You had an initial drawdown of American troops happening already in Vietnam in the years before 1975 through the Paris Peace Accords. But on April 30th, 1975, that was the last American military presence to be removed out of Vietnam or being pulled out of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:02:54] And that is when Northern Vietnamese communist forces took Saigon, and that kind of represented the formal ending of the war. So you’ve got an untold number, really, but at least 130,000 some odd Vietnamese refugees who were concerned that their anti-communist sentiments and work potentially with U.S. Forces would get them into severe trouble, possibly even injured or killed, put into like a reeducation camp by the communist forces if they were to stay. And so those people, with some assistance from the U.S. And other forces, were able to get airlifted out of Vietnam right at the fall of Saigon or shortly thereafter. Their journey was not a simple one. They were often put at different military bases in the Southern Pacific and different island nations where the US had military bases and then eventually transferred to America and dispersed there. There was a lot of steps along the way. Santa Clara County was one of the first places to kind of establish at the county level a formal refugee resettlement program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:03:58] And one of the families who arrived to Santa Clara County under this resettlement program was the family of Betty Duong, the first Vietnamese American county supervisor in Santa Clara. What is her family’s immigration story? And also, why did you wanna talk with her?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:04:19] Yeah, well, as you noted, she is the first Vietnamese-American supervisor in Santa Clara County. She was just elected in last year’s election. I felt that she has a very good perspective to share with people because she grew up in San Jose, because her parents fled Vietnam, and because she has a daughter that she’s raising in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:04:37] I feel a huge sense of pride that our families are so much part of the fabric of this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:04:49] So her parents had recently been married. They were living in Saigon, and they fled the country in 1977, just a couple years after the fall of Saigon. And her mother at the time was only 22 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:04] They left in the middle of the night, they pushed off on a fishing boat, and then they were out at sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:12] And just nearby on like another boat, she was able to see her brother, you know, this is Betty Duong’s uncle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:19] And she saw the boat that her brother was on be taken by pirates. So for years, for years she didn’t know what happened to her brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:31] He ended up surviving, but her family didn’t know that until years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:05:37] On day three or four, the boat ran out of gas. It’s now just floating on the open seas. And then on day five…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:05:45] A container ship picks up the people on that boat with Betty Duong’s parents and takes them to an island nation before they are resettled in the U.S. And eventually San Jose, where Betty Duong was born a short time later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:06:04] So Santa Clara County is one of the few places to open its doors to refugees like Betty Duong’s family. Where does she grow up and did her family feel welcomed where they were?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:06:19] Betty Duong grew up in and around downtown San Jose. She said she lived in section eight housing for a time right across from San Jose State University. And she kind of believed as a young girl that the whole world looked like the five block radius around her apartment, right? With lots of Vietnamese and Latino families living side by side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:06:40] The door was always left open because no one had air conditioning, music, Vietnamese music was blasting like from 7 a.m. In the morning throughout the whole weekend, and that’s where we grew up relying on county services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:06:55] But as far as feeling welcome, I mean, her family experienced a lot of racism and a lot of bigotry here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:07:02] In my childhood, it was very normal for someone to shout at us on the street, like go back home to your country ch***.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:09] People were berating them for not knowing English, her parents, at medical appointments or even out in public and at restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:07:19] It just kind of always made you feel like your identity was under attack or that your family was under attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:26] Certainly there was, you know, at a very generous interpretation, a mixed feeling about refugees here even in Santa Clara County, and her parents experienced that firsthand, and so did she.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:07:45] Yeah, I mean, what was the political context in the US at this time, especially around immigrants and immigration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:07:53] First of all, the U.S. and its residents were very divided about the war in Vietnam, right? Whether it was a good or bad war to be fighting is a very simple way of saying it, whether or not we needed to be there or should have been there. And also very divided over whether to accept refugees. Just the year before the fall of Saigon, you had President Richard Nixon leaving office over the Watergate scandal. And all of this is kind of laid on top of this background of skyrocketing on unemployment and inflation and kind of an economic crisis. So it was a very fraught time when Vietnamese refugees started arriving in waves to America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Hien Duc Do \u003c/strong>[00:08:34] Vietnamese refugees came at a time when it was pretty contradictory or conflicting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:08:41] I also spoke to Professor Hien Duc Do, and he’s a professor of sociology and Asian-American studies at San Jose State University. He’s essentially saying that these refugees were arriving at a time that was very difficult for Americans already. And the question of whether to accept refugees from this, you know, very controversial war effort that America had gotten itself involved in was a tough one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Hien Duc Do \u003c/strong>[00:09:09] A lot of them came literally without anything but the clothes on their backs and you know as a young teenager it’s very it was very uncertain times right it’s just as it was for a lot of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:25] I mean, that said, how does Betty Duong describe life as a child of refugees growing up in San Jose and Santa Clara County?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:09:35] She has a lot of gratitude for the county welcoming her family and others like her family here, but there were a lot challenges for her family, and others here. The county services that her family relied on, they weren’t always implemented in a very culturally appropriate way, or they were implemented in ways that just didn’t really understand or consider the daily realities for people like her parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:10:01] It always kind of felt short and it always added like a sense of chaos. It seemed like it was always someone else’s decision. It was always somebody else’s call. What we were going to eat, how we were gonna eat, where we were gonna live, how are we gonna live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:10:15] People like her family and others who live nearby receive food assistance boxes from food banks in the county, and a lot of times it would include a large block or several rations of what’s known as government cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:10:28] People lovingly reference government cheese, right? But for a population that’s like 90% lactose intolerant, that was just not a viable option. It’s not part of the culture. It’s not part of culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:10:39] Also things like health care. Her mother and father needed health care appointments like everybody else, and sometimes she’d have to go with her mom to these medical appointments or consultations, and they’re spread out around the city, and her mom was using public transit, so she’d be taking several different bus trips around different parts of the city or the county to get from one appointment to the next. So there just wasn’t this consideration of how difficult that might be for somebody without a lot of money or resources or a daily car to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:11:05] And she’s joining them because as a child, she’s also translating for her parents, right? Which as I know is a very common experience for many children of immigrants in the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:11:16] Yeah, children of immigrants, children of refugees, this is a common experience, exactly. And Betty Duong was learning English at the same time as her parents. She was growing up in public schools in San Jose and learning English, but she had also learned Vietnamese at home. So English was technically a second language for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:11:33] Neighbors would come over with their kids’ enrollment papers, like, can your daughter help me out with this? Or new prospective tenants were coming to try to rent an apartment, and if they spoke only Vietnamese, the landlord asked my mom if I could help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:11:50] And she even talked about serious situations, like if the police showed up on her block and needed to talk to somebody in her apartment building, she might have to translate through a police officer. And that’s something, you know, she reflects on now is something that no child should ever have to go through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:12:05] There’s many little memories of just good policy, but with bad implementation, right? Or good intentions, government programs, or support programs, but it just kind of fell short because it didn’t take into account what is it that folks were really challenged with. And I felt that really defined my childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:12:47] I mean, it sounds like throughout her childhood, Betty Duong is really picking up on all the ways that the systems in place were sort of failing Vietnamese refugees like our family, despite being open to them. And then I feel like this knowledge and this feeling really comes to a head in the summer of 2003, what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:13:12] Yeah, in July 2003, there was a fatal police shooting of a young Vietnamese-American woman, Bich Cau Thi Tran. She’s a young, Vietnamese- American woman with two boys, and she had struggled with her mental health. And she was fatally shot by San Jose police officer Chad Marshall. Essentially, police got called out by a neighbor who was worried about, like, a domestic issue at the apartment complex there where Ms. Tran lived. And when the officers arrived you know, they found her in the kitchen and she was holding a Vietnamese style vegetable peeler, which the officer would later say he thought was a large knife and he thought, you know he was going to be killed by Ms. Tran and he shot her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:13:53] When the story first broke, we were hearing on TV that this woman attacked the officer with a butcher knife. And then when we saw there was the same vegetable peeler that’s in every single Asian household, right? It was just some really heartbreaking that this woman, she was killed by a police officer in front of her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:14:20] So this shooting happened in July of 2003, and it really shook up the community. Betty Duong said she was at community college at the time, but she remembers it vividly. I mean, the moment I asked her about this woman in this shooting, she immediately became emotional, because even 22 years later, she said it was a defining moment for her in her life and in the community\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:14:44] One of the rare times that my very Republican, very conservative dad and I, like, had full agreement, right, that something was wrong. And this is where he and I really agreed that significant missteps, that inherent biases, camouflaged racism, like these were all at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:03] And, you know, that killing really, really motivated the community to organize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tam Nguyen \u003c/strong>[00:15:13] That woke people up, that we need to stand up. We need to raise our voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:17] We had spoken to Tam Nguyen. He’s a former city council member who was elected in 2014. He’s also an attorney and a community advocate. And he essentially told us that this was a wake-up call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tam Nguyen \u003c/strong>[00:15:30] We need to get our act together, get our votes together, so people learn that the power, the political, and then resource and benefit come through your votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:15:42] What are some of the things that the Vietnamese American community really pushes for and also wins in the years since the shooting in 2003?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:15:51] There were desires for more cultural sensitivity training for police officers and language training, right? To avoid this horrible outcome from happening again, but also there, in the years following that and since then, there have been bigger asks for continued increases in representation, for language access across a series of services and programs, not just at the county level, but at the city level for small business programs, for council meetings. The protests, the marches, the demonstrations, and the demands for better representation. You know, it helped propel Madison Nguyen, who would be the very first person elected to San Jose City Council of this community. It helped propels her into that seat. As many immigrant and refugee communities in the South Bay have also advocated for, the Vietnamese-American community also wanted to see more opportunities for business owners to get a piece of the pie in the South Bay, right? San Jose’s a large city with a big budget. And we’ve heard from people like Tam Nguyen and others that there still isn’t really enough representation of business owners getting contracts in San Jose and the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:17:01] So it sounds like this is like the beginning of not just the sort of existence of Vietnamese Americans in the South Bay, but really like the integration of them into the fabric of the community as business owners, as people who are politically active and engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:17:18] Absolutely, and for, you know, for working continually as so many people in the South Bay are to erase the structures of the past that have put communities of color lower in the rankings for a variety of services, opportunities, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:17:39] And of course, we’re talking about all this, Joseph, because Wednesday was the 50th anniversary of the fall of Saigon, and I feel like so much of this story is about how this moment in time has really shaped San Jose as we know it today. I mean, how is the community reflecting on this moment? Like, what have you seen in San Jose?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:18:05] When I spoke with Betty Duong about this, she told us that, you know, for her parents’ generation, it’s essentially a day of national mourning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Betty Duong \u003c/strong>[00:18:14] When I talk to my elders, they say it’s the day we lost our country. It’s the we lost home. It’s a day of national regret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joseph Geha \u003c/strong>[00:18:21] But for people of her generation, they’re still very connected to their parents’ stories and to that first generation’s stories. But as second-generation people here in the county and in the city of San Jose, they are working to kind of create a new and better future here in the South Bay. And they’re also raising their kids, their third generation, like Betty Duong’s kids, and they have to decide, as many immigrants or refugee families do, how to raise their kids and what to teach them and what emphasize and what kind of hold back on. So that the traumas of the past are a lesson that will be learned and absorbed, but also that they, you know, so that they don’t affect too harshly the path of these future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:19:08] Well Joseph, thank you so much for sharing your reporting with us, I appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "A Nailbiter in San José, Trump’s Tariffs Hit SF Chinatown, and New Fire Prevention Rules in the Berkeley Hills",
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"headTitle": "A Nailbiter in San José, Trump’s Tariffs Hit SF Chinatown, and New Fire Prevention Rules in the Berkeley Hills | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In this edition of The Bay’s monthly news roundup, we unpack the razor-thin \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037469/after-recount-tordillos-advances-to-runoff-election-for-san-jose-council-seat\">election results in San José’s District 3\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">the impact of President Donald Trump’s tariffs in San Francisco’s Chinatown\u003c/a>. Plus, we learn more about how roughly 900 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035866/berkeley-considers-controversial-plan-require-vegetation-removal-near-homes-fire-zones\">Berkeley homeowners will need to clear vegetation in order to protect their houses against wildfire damage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC6806377143&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:00:06] I’m Ericka Cruz Guevara, and welcome to The Bay, local news to keep you rooted. And welcome to our April news roundup, where we talk about some of the other stories that we, the Bay team, have been following this month. I’m joined by our senior editor, Alan Montecillo. and producer, Jessica Kariisa. I was just saying earlier in the office, I can’t believe we’re already approaching May, but I’ve just been looking back also at some of the things that we’ve been covering this month, quite the range. We’ve covered the potential closure of the Valero refinery in Benicia, Barbara Lee’s mayoral win in Oakland, and we also celebrated Youth Takeover week here at KQED. It’s this KQED-wide initiative to basically uplift the voices of young people around the Bay Area. And we did this really fun episode with four young people from across the Bay area. Jessica, I wonder if you can talk a little bit more about that one. It was a really fun one that we got to produce with Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:01:17] Yeah, Youth Takeover was a super fun project that we did with high school students who are part of the Youth Advisory Board at KQED. And basically what happened was they sent us some audio diaries over the past few months, and we listened to them and we cut them down into an episode basically about what it’s like to be a high schooler in the Bay Area. We had two juniors and two seniors who live all across the Bay Area, sharing their stories about everything from dreams of designing a web comic to picking colleges, to what it’s gonna mean to not have their parents around or their teachers around when they go off to school. It’s just crazy to see some of the same concerns, even though so much has changed in the over decade that I’ve been in high school, but I could definitely relate to a lot of the things that they were going through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:02:16] I think one thing I appreciated about this process was how open-ended it was compared to the ways that high school students, college students, younger people are often in the news, or even in our stories, you know, usually they are talked about or quoted directly in reference to some news story, maybe it’s about education policy, maybe its about, you know student protests. But I think that one thing that was both really cool and honestly a big contrast from how we usually do things is that this played out over a long period of time. And we didn’t say, hey, we really want to hear your opinion on this thing that is happening. It really was about just tell us what’s going on in your life. So I mean, it was really impressed with the four students, Abby, Oumou, Olivia, and Riya. I’m glad that we made the time to do it, and we’ll do it again. Can I ask a question? As you listened back to the episode, which, I guess, teenage anxiety or emotion did you resonate with the most?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:03:17] Definitely Oumou’s angst and the way that she uses music to process her feelings was very, very relatable to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:03:32] I think for me, there’s a moment where Abby talks about having some FOMO around missing school events because of sports and those particular commitments in her life and I definitely felt that. It just sort of took me back to like school dances and things that other kids were doing that I wasn’t able to attend sometimes and just like the angst and just the worry of like, no, I’m gonna regress socially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:04:01] Still relatable, unfortunately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:04:04] Maybe even more so relatable now. Oh gosh. What about you, Alan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:04:09] If I had to pick one, I mean, it was present for everybody, but particularly for Riya, is just the anxiety around college admissions. I remember being so excited, so ready to get out of high school and experience college. And it felt like that, at that point, that was the most important decision I’d ever made in my entire life. And in some respects, you could say that it was, but knowing intellectually that like, it’s probably bad that I’m comparing myself to my peers and where I get in is not a measure of how smart I am, how valuable I am but you almost can’t help it and so just that anxiety and around the waiting, waiting too, what’s challenging then is still challenging now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:04:48] Well, if you haven’t listened to this episode already, make sure to go back and listen to it. It’s a really fun listen. When we come back, we’ll dig into some of the other stories from around the Bay Area that we have been watching this month. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:05:15] And welcome back to The Bay’s Monthly News Roundup, where we discuss some of the other stories that we have been following this month. Jessica, let’s have you kick us off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:05:24] So for listeners of The Bay, we have talked a few times about the special election in San Jose D3, which encompasses downtown and Japantown and is actually where I live. So just a quick little recap. The former council member for D3 Omar Torres resigned after he was charged with sexual abuse and an interim council member was appointed. And there was a special election held earlier this month, and we just got the results. You know, this city council race for District 3 was really important, and we did an episode on this, actually, with politics reporter, Guy Marzorati, because it really makes a difference as to whether or not Mayor Matt Mahan is able to really pushed through a lot of things on his agenda faster, specifically around permanently moving funds towards short-term interim housing, as opposed to permanent affordable housing, and also around homelessness. You know, there have been some controversial proposals around arresting people who refuse shelter three times within 18 months. And so this race and who ends up in this seat is a really big deal as to how far Mayor Mahan can go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:06:46] Gabby Chavez Lopez, the executive director of the Latina Coalition of Silicon Valley, ended up getting about 30% of the vote. That was not enough to declare an outright victory, and so it’s going to be a runoff. But what was really interesting was second place was up for grabs because it was really, really close between Anthony Tordillos, who is the head of San Jose’s planning commission and also works at YouTube. Matthew Quevedo, who is Matt Mahan’s deputy chief of staff. Earlier this week, Santa Clara County election officials have officially said that Anthony Tordillos got second place with a six vote lead over Matthew Quevedo. And so he is gonna be going into the runoff with Gabby Chavez Lopez on June 24th.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:07:36] What does it mean that Tordillos has made it to the runoff and not Matthew Quevedo?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:07:43] So, Matthew Quevedo being Mayhan’s deputy chief of staff, if he ended up in this seat, it was expected to be validation of the mayor’s agenda. You know, Quevedo talked about being the sixth vote on the council to help push Mayhan’s plan specifically around short-term interim housing and shifting funds from permanent affordable housing to short- term interim housing. But with Tordillos and Chavez-Lopez advancing, they’re more on the progressive side. They’ve also pushed more for permanent affordable housing. So it’s not a total rejection of Mahan, but it does signal that it might be a bit harder for him moving forward to streamline his agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:08:30] I’m still not over the six vote difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:33] I know, it’s crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:36] Vote people, it matters. So this is going to a runoff. Jessica, what happens next?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:43] So starting end of May, ballots are gonna be sent out for the runoff, which is officially on June 24th between Chavez-Lopez and Tordillos. We’ll see who comes out on top. Is Tordillos going to collect the more conservative votes that were distributed between Quevedo and the rest of the people who were running? Or will something else happen? It’s unclear, but we’ll have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:13] Jessica, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:14] Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:22] And next, we’re going to talk about the story that I’ve been following this month. I’ve be thinking a lot about the impact of Trump’s tariffs on certain communities here in the Bay Area. I’ve thinking about Little Saigon in San Jose and Chinatown in San Francisco, where right now many businesses have sort of entered survival mode. Our colleague Azul Dahlstrom-Eckman has been talking with business owners in San Francisco Chinatown specifically, who are really, really struggling right now. They’re dealing with declining sales and really an uncertain future as the U.S.-China trade war drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:10:08] Yeah, I mean, tariffs have dominated the news cycle, and it’s definitely made me wonder about local businesses here as well. Do you know, like, what exactly business owners are experiencing at their shops? Like, have prices already gone up? Like, what’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:10:24] Yeah, our colleague Azul talked with business owners in Chinatown, including the owner of Mei’s Groceries on Stockton Street, Mei Zhu. She’s been the owner there for the past 11 years. And 90% of her goods at the store are imported. We’re talking about like dry noodles, candies, cookies. And now these items are subject to tariffs as high as 245%, she told Azul, which has meant that she’s had to raise her prices for some of her items by 50%. Some items cost 145% more, so she just stopped stocking them entirely. And for the remaining stock, she says that higher prices are really just driving customers away. I mean, if you can imagine, we’ve been talking about the high cost of groceries. For a long time now, this as sort of an added bonus has really affected her business. She told Azul that sales are down 30%. And I mean, when Azul talked with other business owners, in Chinatown that’s really kind of reflected across the board, a lot of these businesses are just really having a hard time right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:11:45] It’s hard for me not to think about specifically what San Francisco’s Chinatown has been through in the last five years or so, particularly with COVID, you know, anti-Asian hate. This is a neighborhood that’s just been through a lot, even before the tariffs. I wonder how much of that, if at all, was present in some of the conversations that Azul was having with people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:12:05] Yeah, totally. Azul talked with Malcolm Young, who’s the executive director of the Chinatown Community Development Center. And, you know, he says Chinatown is really built around trade. Many business owners have basically been able to create an opportunity for upward mobility using their relationships home back in China. And these are the same businesses who’ve really gone through hard times before. And he does see this as just kind of another hump that the community has to go through and that Chinatown has overcome a lot, but it also really needs our help right now. Zhu from Mei’s Groceries said that if things continue like this for another month or two, the only option for her is to close her business and to stop operating. And other owners really echoed this. And customers who Azul also talked with say that they’re not really encouraged to shop at these stores with these prices. So the end result is kind of obvious, but there’s sort of this feeling of like wanting to remain hopeful and that the community’s already been through so much and we can get to go through this again, but really it needs our help right now. Well, that is it for my story and I want to pivot to our last story here from senior editor Alan Montecillo. What have you been following this month?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:13:40] Well, this story takes place in Berkeley, specifically around the Berkeley Hills. There’s a story on KQED’s website that was reported by Matthew Green and Samantha Kennedy. Earlier this month, the city approved rules that would require about 900 homes around Tilden Park to essentially remove vegetation and flammable materials around their homes to reduce fire risk. They are among some of the most stringent in the state. They are amongst some of, the first of their kind in the state as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:14:10] So how exactly would this work? Is the total responsibility on the homeowners, is the city gonna offer any resources or guides to help people figure out even what exactly they need to get rid of?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:14:24] So the proposal is pretty clear that what we’re talking about is any vegetation or flammable material within a five feet perimeter of one’s home, and that needs to be removed by January. So there is time. The reason that it’s these 900 homes specifically around Tilden Park is that these are homes that are sort of deemed to have the highest wildfire risk. There is funding to help. The city said that they have about a million dollar grant from CAL FIRE, and they’re trying to get other funds from the state, like Prop 4, which last November, it has to do with climate funds. So the city is saying that there will be resources, but obviously a lot of the responsibility and time will be on the homeowners to actually clear out all this vegetation. I think anyone who’s been in the Berkeley Hills knows that a lot these homes are very beautiful and Berkeley residents love their vegetation and foliage and growing things, etc. So it is going to be some amount of work. But the folks who were really pushing this, I mean this proposal was drafted by the department. Are saying that this is really, really important to try and prevent tragedies like what we saw in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:15:32] 900 homes, it’s a lot of people, I imagine, who are gonna be affected, who are going to have to do some work on their homes. Was this a controversial idea or proposal, or yeah, what were the vibes, I guess, at the city council meeting?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:15:48] Well, I think one might expect the city council meeting to be pretty contentious, pretty controversial. But while there was some opposition, I think overall, most residents who spoke were in favor of these rules, who said that these were really necessary to protect the safety of the neighborhood, of the community. This actually passed the council unanimously early this month. There’s a second reading in early May, and it’s essentially a sure thing at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:16:15] What happens if you don’t clear the vegetation around your home?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:16:20] There could be fines if you don’t comply with this. I think that the hope from city officials is that it doesn’t get to that point. Council member Brent Blackaby who sort of lives in this area, and I should say also voted for this, I think really sums up the feeling among a lot of people, which is this can be frustrating for a lot of homeowners, but most people understand the risk, people understand the threat of climate change and that doing this kind of proactive work really matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brent Blackaby \u003c/strong>[00:16:48] We’re only making the big ask because it’s a big threat. You know, I’ve lived in the same home for 20 years. I’m in this zone, so I’ll have to be doing the same kind of defensible space work around my home. And sometimes change is hard.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In this edition of The Bay’s monthly news roundup, we unpack the razor-thin \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037469/after-recount-tordillos-advances-to-runoff-election-for-san-jose-council-seat\">election results in San José’s District 3\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">the impact of President Donald Trump’s tariffs in San Francisco’s Chinatown\u003c/a>. Plus, we learn more about how roughly 900 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035866/berkeley-considers-controversial-plan-require-vegetation-removal-near-homes-fire-zones\">Berkeley homeowners will need to clear vegetation in order to protect their houses against wildfire damage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC6806377143&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ci>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/i>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:00:06] I’m Ericka Cruz Guevara, and welcome to The Bay, local news to keep you rooted. And welcome to our April news roundup, where we talk about some of the other stories that we, the Bay team, have been following this month. I’m joined by our senior editor, Alan Montecillo. and producer, Jessica Kariisa. I was just saying earlier in the office, I can’t believe we’re already approaching May, but I’ve just been looking back also at some of the things that we’ve been covering this month, quite the range. We’ve covered the potential closure of the Valero refinery in Benicia, Barbara Lee’s mayoral win in Oakland, and we also celebrated Youth Takeover week here at KQED. It’s this KQED-wide initiative to basically uplift the voices of young people around the Bay Area. And we did this really fun episode with four young people from across the Bay area. Jessica, I wonder if you can talk a little bit more about that one. It was a really fun one that we got to produce with Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:01:17] Yeah, Youth Takeover was a super fun project that we did with high school students who are part of the Youth Advisory Board at KQED. And basically what happened was they sent us some audio diaries over the past few months, and we listened to them and we cut them down into an episode basically about what it’s like to be a high schooler in the Bay Area. We had two juniors and two seniors who live all across the Bay Area, sharing their stories about everything from dreams of designing a web comic to picking colleges, to what it’s gonna mean to not have their parents around or their teachers around when they go off to school. It’s just crazy to see some of the same concerns, even though so much has changed in the over decade that I’ve been in high school, but I could definitely relate to a lot of the things that they were going through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:02:16] I think one thing I appreciated about this process was how open-ended it was compared to the ways that high school students, college students, younger people are often in the news, or even in our stories, you know, usually they are talked about or quoted directly in reference to some news story, maybe it’s about education policy, maybe its about, you know student protests. But I think that one thing that was both really cool and honestly a big contrast from how we usually do things is that this played out over a long period of time. And we didn’t say, hey, we really want to hear your opinion on this thing that is happening. It really was about just tell us what’s going on in your life. So I mean, it was really impressed with the four students, Abby, Oumou, Olivia, and Riya. I’m glad that we made the time to do it, and we’ll do it again. Can I ask a question? As you listened back to the episode, which, I guess, teenage anxiety or emotion did you resonate with the most?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:03:17] Definitely Oumou’s angst and the way that she uses music to process her feelings was very, very relatable to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:03:32] I think for me, there’s a moment where Abby talks about having some FOMO around missing school events because of sports and those particular commitments in her life and I definitely felt that. It just sort of took me back to like school dances and things that other kids were doing that I wasn’t able to attend sometimes and just like the angst and just the worry of like, no, I’m gonna regress socially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:04:01] Still relatable, unfortunately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:04:04] Maybe even more so relatable now. Oh gosh. What about you, Alan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:04:09] If I had to pick one, I mean, it was present for everybody, but particularly for Riya, is just the anxiety around college admissions. I remember being so excited, so ready to get out of high school and experience college. And it felt like that, at that point, that was the most important decision I’d ever made in my entire life. And in some respects, you could say that it was, but knowing intellectually that like, it’s probably bad that I’m comparing myself to my peers and where I get in is not a measure of how smart I am, how valuable I am but you almost can’t help it and so just that anxiety and around the waiting, waiting too, what’s challenging then is still challenging now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:04:48] Well, if you haven’t listened to this episode already, make sure to go back and listen to it. It’s a really fun listen. When we come back, we’ll dig into some of the other stories from around the Bay Area that we have been watching this month. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:05:15] And welcome back to The Bay’s Monthly News Roundup, where we discuss some of the other stories that we have been following this month. Jessica, let’s have you kick us off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:05:24] So for listeners of The Bay, we have talked a few times about the special election in San Jose D3, which encompasses downtown and Japantown and is actually where I live. So just a quick little recap. The former council member for D3 Omar Torres resigned after he was charged with sexual abuse and an interim council member was appointed. And there was a special election held earlier this month, and we just got the results. You know, this city council race for District 3 was really important, and we did an episode on this, actually, with politics reporter, Guy Marzorati, because it really makes a difference as to whether or not Mayor Matt Mahan is able to really pushed through a lot of things on his agenda faster, specifically around permanently moving funds towards short-term interim housing, as opposed to permanent affordable housing, and also around homelessness. You know, there have been some controversial proposals around arresting people who refuse shelter three times within 18 months. And so this race and who ends up in this seat is a really big deal as to how far Mayor Mahan can go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:06:46] Gabby Chavez Lopez, the executive director of the Latina Coalition of Silicon Valley, ended up getting about 30% of the vote. That was not enough to declare an outright victory, and so it’s going to be a runoff. But what was really interesting was second place was up for grabs because it was really, really close between Anthony Tordillos, who is the head of San Jose’s planning commission and also works at YouTube. Matthew Quevedo, who is Matt Mahan’s deputy chief of staff. Earlier this week, Santa Clara County election officials have officially said that Anthony Tordillos got second place with a six vote lead over Matthew Quevedo. And so he is gonna be going into the runoff with Gabby Chavez Lopez on June 24th.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:07:36] What does it mean that Tordillos has made it to the runoff and not Matthew Quevedo?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:07:43] So, Matthew Quevedo being Mayhan’s deputy chief of staff, if he ended up in this seat, it was expected to be validation of the mayor’s agenda. You know, Quevedo talked about being the sixth vote on the council to help push Mayhan’s plan specifically around short-term interim housing and shifting funds from permanent affordable housing to short- term interim housing. But with Tordillos and Chavez-Lopez advancing, they’re more on the progressive side. They’ve also pushed more for permanent affordable housing. So it’s not a total rejection of Mahan, but it does signal that it might be a bit harder for him moving forward to streamline his agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:08:30] I’m still not over the six vote difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:33] I know, it’s crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:36] Vote people, it matters. So this is going to a runoff. Jessica, what happens next?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:08:43] So starting end of May, ballots are gonna be sent out for the runoff, which is officially on June 24th between Chavez-Lopez and Tordillos. We’ll see who comes out on top. Is Tordillos going to collect the more conservative votes that were distributed between Quevedo and the rest of the people who were running? Or will something else happen? It’s unclear, but we’ll have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:13] Jessica, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:14] Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:09:22] And next, we’re going to talk about the story that I’ve been following this month. I’ve be thinking a lot about the impact of Trump’s tariffs on certain communities here in the Bay Area. I’ve thinking about Little Saigon in San Jose and Chinatown in San Francisco, where right now many businesses have sort of entered survival mode. Our colleague Azul Dahlstrom-Eckman has been talking with business owners in San Francisco Chinatown specifically, who are really, really struggling right now. They’re dealing with declining sales and really an uncertain future as the U.S.-China trade war drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:10:08] Yeah, I mean, tariffs have dominated the news cycle, and it’s definitely made me wonder about local businesses here as well. Do you know, like, what exactly business owners are experiencing at their shops? Like, have prices already gone up? Like, what’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:10:24] Yeah, our colleague Azul talked with business owners in Chinatown, including the owner of Mei’s Groceries on Stockton Street, Mei Zhu. She’s been the owner there for the past 11 years. And 90% of her goods at the store are imported. We’re talking about like dry noodles, candies, cookies. And now these items are subject to tariffs as high as 245%, she told Azul, which has meant that she’s had to raise her prices for some of her items by 50%. Some items cost 145% more, so she just stopped stocking them entirely. And for the remaining stock, she says that higher prices are really just driving customers away. I mean, if you can imagine, we’ve been talking about the high cost of groceries. For a long time now, this as sort of an added bonus has really affected her business. She told Azul that sales are down 30%. And I mean, when Azul talked with other business owners, in Chinatown that’s really kind of reflected across the board, a lot of these businesses are just really having a hard time right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:11:45] It’s hard for me not to think about specifically what San Francisco’s Chinatown has been through in the last five years or so, particularly with COVID, you know, anti-Asian hate. This is a neighborhood that’s just been through a lot, even before the tariffs. I wonder how much of that, if at all, was present in some of the conversations that Azul was having with people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:12:05] Yeah, totally. Azul talked with Malcolm Young, who’s the executive director of the Chinatown Community Development Center. And, you know, he says Chinatown is really built around trade. Many business owners have basically been able to create an opportunity for upward mobility using their relationships home back in China. And these are the same businesses who’ve really gone through hard times before. And he does see this as just kind of another hump that the community has to go through and that Chinatown has overcome a lot, but it also really needs our help right now. Zhu from Mei’s Groceries said that if things continue like this for another month or two, the only option for her is to close her business and to stop operating. And other owners really echoed this. And customers who Azul also talked with say that they’re not really encouraged to shop at these stores with these prices. So the end result is kind of obvious, but there’s sort of this feeling of like wanting to remain hopeful and that the community’s already been through so much and we can get to go through this again, but really it needs our help right now. Well, that is it for my story and I want to pivot to our last story here from senior editor Alan Montecillo. What have you been following this month?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:13:40] Well, this story takes place in Berkeley, specifically around the Berkeley Hills. There’s a story on KQED’s website that was reported by Matthew Green and Samantha Kennedy. Earlier this month, the city approved rules that would require about 900 homes around Tilden Park to essentially remove vegetation and flammable materials around their homes to reduce fire risk. They are among some of the most stringent in the state. They are amongst some of, the first of their kind in the state as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Kariisa \u003c/strong>[00:14:10] So how exactly would this work? Is the total responsibility on the homeowners, is the city gonna offer any resources or guides to help people figure out even what exactly they need to get rid of?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:14:24] So the proposal is pretty clear that what we’re talking about is any vegetation or flammable material within a five feet perimeter of one’s home, and that needs to be removed by January. So there is time. The reason that it’s these 900 homes specifically around Tilden Park is that these are homes that are sort of deemed to have the highest wildfire risk. There is funding to help. The city said that they have about a million dollar grant from CAL FIRE, and they’re trying to get other funds from the state, like Prop 4, which last November, it has to do with climate funds. So the city is saying that there will be resources, but obviously a lot of the responsibility and time will be on the homeowners to actually clear out all this vegetation. I think anyone who’s been in the Berkeley Hills knows that a lot these homes are very beautiful and Berkeley residents love their vegetation and foliage and growing things, etc. So it is going to be some amount of work. But the folks who were really pushing this, I mean this proposal was drafted by the department. Are saying that this is really, really important to try and prevent tragedies like what we saw in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:15:32] 900 homes, it’s a lot of people, I imagine, who are gonna be affected, who are going to have to do some work on their homes. Was this a controversial idea or proposal, or yeah, what were the vibes, I guess, at the city council meeting?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:15:48] Well, I think one might expect the city council meeting to be pretty contentious, pretty controversial. But while there was some opposition, I think overall, most residents who spoke were in favor of these rules, who said that these were really necessary to protect the safety of the neighborhood, of the community. This actually passed the council unanimously early this month. There’s a second reading in early May, and it’s essentially a sure thing at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra \u003c/strong>[00:16:15] What happens if you don’t clear the vegetation around your home?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alan Montecillo \u003c/strong>[00:16:20] There could be fines if you don’t comply with this. I think that the hope from city officials is that it doesn’t get to that point. Council member Brent Blackaby who sort of lives in this area, and I should say also voted for this, I think really sums up the feeling among a lot of people, which is this can be frustrating for a lot of homeowners, but most people understand the risk, people understand the threat of climate change and that doing this kind of proactive work really matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brent Blackaby \u003c/strong>[00:16:48] We’re only making the big ask because it’s a big threat. You know, I’ve lived in the same home for 20 years. I’m in this zone, so I’ll have to be doing the same kind of defensible space work around my home. And sometimes change is hard.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "‘Beginning of Our Identity’: How San José Became Home for Betty Duong and Vietnamese Americans",
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"headTitle": "‘Beginning of Our Identity’: How San José Became Home for Betty Duong and Vietnamese Americans | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017754/meet-betty-duong-santa-clara-countys-first-vietnamese-american-supervisor\">Betty Duong\u003c/a> said that everyone she speaks with in her Vietnamese American community has a different feeling about April 30, 1975, when American soldiers pulled out of South Vietnam and the war officially ended. But they all agree on its significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just two years after that day, Duong’s recently married mother fled Vietnam in the middle of the night with her husband on a fishing boat packed with people. She watched helplessly as her brother, who was on board a different vessel, was captured by pirates. Their survival was uncertain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a very painful part of time in their lives, that I don’t know if they’ve completely gotten past or processed fully,” Duong, 44, said of her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her parents’ generation, that day marks the loss of their home country and a day of mourning. Duong’s peers see it somewhat differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to my second-generation colleagues and counterparts, they say it was the beginning of our identity as a diaspora,” she said. “It’s how we end up here in America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Duong stands as an example of the growth and influence of the Vietnamese American diaspora in San José. Beginning with the arrival of tens of thousands of refugees in the years after the war, the community has grown, along with its political power, spurred by a need for cultural understanding and by critical events, like the police killing of a Vietnamese American mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034774\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12034774 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Betty Duong holding her daughter, Harper, and her marriage photo with her husband, Khai, are displayed in her office at the Santa Clara County Administration Building in San José on April 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Duong grew up in the city and attended local schools before going on to UC Berkeley and Davis. After graduating, she became an attorney and then began work in the public sector for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last November, she became the first Vietnamese American elected to the office of Santa Clara County Supervisor. Her success, some say, is rooted in her ability to connect with varied voting groups, developed through her own upbringing in the community and her reliance on public services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong was born in San José after her parents arrived here with the help of Santa Clara County’s refugee resettlement program; her uncle, after escaping from the pirates, eventually ended up in Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She learned English in school, picking it up faster than her parents, and she often found herself translating for them at parent-teacher conferences, medical appointments and the DMV, an experience children of many immigrants and refugees are familiar with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037737\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037737 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1-160x203.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong as a baby, being held by her father, Thông Dương, and her sister, Kathy, being held by her mother, Ngọc Từ, outside of San José State University. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This was also during the time when police officers and first responders didn’t have a language line or language access, so when 911 was called, I was also volunteered to help translate these very serious situations,” Duong said, something she feels a child should never have to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up in Section 8 housing in downtown San José, Duong thought the whole world looked like the five-block radius around her, made up largely of Vietnamese and Latino families, with doors left open all day in the warmer months for lack of air conditioning. Many families were reliant on county services to help make ends meet, put food on the table and access medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong sings the praises of the county for welcoming Vietnamese refugees with open arms and offering support to her family at a critical time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, her work in public service has been shaped by her family’s experience with poorly implemented or culturally insensitive safety net programs that didn’t consider the different ways people might need assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It always kind of fell short, and it always added a sense of chaos to the world,” she said of the services she received. “It was always somebody else’s call what we were going to eat, how we were going to eat, where we were going to live, how are we going to live and what that entailed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Vietnamese American culture helps define San José and the region, and politicians have understood for many years the value of the group as a coveted voting bloc. About 122,000 residents identify as Vietnamese American, representing more than 10% of the city’s population, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vietnamese Americans had to make major strides to overcome ignorance, racism, systemic exclusion and cultural and language access barriers along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“We weren’t wanted”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Duong was growing up, her family experienced blunt racism and bigotry, with people directing slurs at her parents, or telling her father to learn English or go back to his country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese refugees arrived in America at a fraught time. The country was in an economic recession, and the war itself was causing division, according to Hien Duc Do, a professor of sociology and Asian American studies at San José State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037728 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1072\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2.jpeg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-800x536.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-1020x683.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-1536x1029.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong as a toddler with her mom, Ngọc Từ, standing outside an apartment complex on South Fifth Street where they lived at the time, across from San José State University. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There were people who were happy with the refugees. There were people who weren’t happy with refugees,” said Do, who has written extensively about Vietnamese Americans. “ You have about 100,000 people or so coming from a war-torn country and a lot of them came literally without anything but the clothes on their backs. So for them, it was a very traumatic experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Gerald Ford, in his attempt to avoid “ghettoism,” ordered the initial waves of refugees from Vietnam to be dispersed into different areas in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do said that broke apart networks of extended families and people who had come to know each other in refugee camps, making it harder for them to find stability. Ford’s plan didn’t last long, as groups of refugees eventually coalesced around warm weather areas such as Orange County, the Bay Area, and Texas, according to the Immigration Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are all these laws that were passed against people like us when we first came, because we weren’t wanted, in the same way that every community had gone through that,” Do said. “And sometimes people tend to forget that. Sometimes, success breeds this idea that America is this land of meritocracy, it’s this open society, when in fact it is not. It could be, but it’s not quite there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government cheese\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Duong recalls how she and other low-income families received so-called “government cheese” from food banks. “But for a population that’s like 90% lactose intolerant, that was just not a viable option,” Duong said of her family and other Vietnamese Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just one example of the sometimes ham-fisted approaches to public welfare that she experienced growing up. She learned that building effective safety net programs requires collective input and designing empathetically for the unique needs of people with different backgrounds and experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2184px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037745 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2184\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2.jpg 2184w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-800x563.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1536x1080.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-2048x1440.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1920x1350.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2184px) 100vw, 2184px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong’s parents, Thông Dương and Ngọc Từ, seen in front of the old Hammer Theater in San José. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To receive health care, her mother often had to make elaborate public transit plans, seeing a primary doctor in one area of San José and then being sent to see a specialist across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t alone. Decades later, a 2012 county study showed that Vietnamese Americans still faced physical and mental health challenges, as well as intergenerational conflict and difficulty in navigating county services, according to the county.[aside postID=news_12017754 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Betty-and-Community-Member-1020x680.jpg']To help address those needs, former Santa Clara County Supervisors Dave Cortese and Cindy Chavez, for whom Duong served as chief of staff, helped spearhead the opening of the Vietnamese American Services Center in 2021 on Senter Road, close to Vietnamese American neighborhoods and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center is meant to be a one-stop shop, with culturally competent services for mental and behavioral health, a general health center, dental clinic, pharmacy, social services and nutrition programs for older adults. Duong was the project’s lead for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why does it take this long for us to have this?” Duong said of equitable services and centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be more Vietnamese representation. There needs to be more Latino representation. There needs to be more South Asian representation. Our elected bodies don’t look like our communities yet, quite yet,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Duong and so much of the Vietnamese American community, the need for that representation became more urgent about two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Police killing of Bich Cau Thi Tran\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 2003, Duong was attending De Anza College when she, like many others in the community, was shaken by the fatal police shooting of a Vietnamese American woman who was experiencing a mental health crisis in her San José home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bich Cau Thi Tran was a small woman weighing less than 100 pounds, and a mother of two young boys who struggled with her mental health. She was killed by San José Police Officer Chad Marshall when he responded to a call about a domestic concern at Tran’s apartment in the Northside neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran was holding a Vietnamese-style vegetable peeler, known as a dao bào. Marshall said later he thought it was a knife, and he thought she was going to kill him. Seconds after confronting Tran, he shot her in the chest, and she died on her kitchen floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034770\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12034770 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong, Santa Clara County Supervisor, speaks to KQED reporter Joseph Geha for an interview at the Santa Clara County Administration Building in San José on April 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When the story first broke, we were hearing on TV that this woman attacked the officer with a butcher knife,” Duong said. It was only through testimony in a rare open grand jury proceeding that more details were revealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then, when we saw that it was the same vegetable peeler that’s in every single Asian household … it was just really heartbreaking,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The killing touched off protests, marches and a reckoning within the community about how police treat residents in American communities. It helped propel Madison Nguyen into a San José City Council seat in 2005, becoming the first Vietnamese American person elected in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tam Nguyen, a 45-year resident of San José, attorney and former council member, said before Tran’s killing, the Vietnamese American community was less engaged in local politics, and often treated as an afterthought by power brokers and the establishment in City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because we were poor, we were busy earning a living, we didn’t know about politics or civic engagement. So out of ignorance, out of economic and cultural disadvantage, and also because of the system and how it was designed, to keep Asian people quiet,” Nguyen said. “That was the mentality, and how things were going during the 80s and 90s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1804px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037760 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1804\" height=\"1145\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497.jpg 1804w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-1536x975.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1804px) 100vw, 1804px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters marched to the civic center about a mile away from Bich Cau Thi Tran’s home. The Vietnamese community and others from around the Santa Clara Valley turned out in force for a vigil and march on City Hall on July 16, 2003, in San José to denounce the fatal police shooting of the single mother. \u003ccite>(Paul Chinn/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He recalls being on Mayor Tom McEnery’s Advisory Group on Minority Affairs, which amounted to monthly meetings where the mayor told the group things were going well, but didn’t seek their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1990s, Nguyen said the community began clamoring about the lack of Vietnamese American representation on the city council and in city staffing ranks, and the lack of a clear path to apply for city contracts or grants. In response, a city hall emissary was sent to tell the community they were being heard, but not to “burden yourself” by putting up a Vietnamese American candidate for office, and not to confuse “equal rights for equal representation,” Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always been that things don’t change until people speak out, get together and act with their votes,” he said. Tran’s killing “woke people up, that we need to stand up, we need to raise our voice, we need to get our act together, get our votes together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Konda, the executive director of the Asian Law Alliance, also helped form the Coalition for Justice and Accountability in the wake of Tran’s killing, calling for greater cultural sensitivity in San José’s policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konda said the shooting shifted the sole focus of many in the Vietnamese American community in San José away from the issues in their home country, which were still looming large in the collective consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037773\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flags at City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For many of them, they weren’t really looking inward in terms of the politics of local or state government,” Konda said. “This may have been, I don’t know if you want to call it a triggering point, but something that maybe caused some people to kind of think about, ‘Hey, we need to maybe get more involved locally.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong called Tran’s death a “defining moment” for herself and her community, and she still becomes emotional when speaking about her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ms. Tran’s killing — that was the first time that we were faced with this reality that, as a whole, as a community, it was really undeniable at that point that there is a problem, a challenge. There is a rift between police and community in this country,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong, who translated for her community in police interactions as a child, said those experiences inspired her to help develop language access policies in 2014. The county built on that, establishing a dedicated language access unit in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it was a rare moment that she and her father saw eye to eye on law enforcement during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dad has been very, very, very pro-police, very pro-law and order,” Duong said. However, as more details emerged about the killing, “he and I really agreed that significant missteps, inherent biases, camouflaged racism — these were all at play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More representation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since then, the community has grown in power and influence, and for decades now, politicians and city and county officials have courted Vietnamese American voters. They often show up to celebrations or events near the Grand Century Mall and the Vietnam Town shopping center in Little Saigon to talk with residents. Some wear traditional Vietnamese clothing known as an ao dai, or carry the flag of South Vietnam, and learn short phrases in Vietnamese to show solidarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But having a seat at the table is a recent accomplishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only five Vietnamese Americans have been elected to the San José City Council in 50 years, and Duong is the first to become a county supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037727 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Duong family at Betty Duong’s Santa Clara County Supervisor swearing-in ceremony in January 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Do, the San José State professor, credits Duong’s election victory to her ability to appeal to the common humanity across many different constituencies, not just Vietnamese Americans, which he said represents a maturation for politicians from the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was able to build this coalition that she’s not only seen as this great, amazing, young politician, but one that really understands how to work the system to benefit all of us, not just her own Vietnamese American community, because that would not have been enough to elect her,” he said. “She really can bridge a lot of these amazing stories from different communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Looking forward, looking back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year marks half a century as a Vietnamese American community for so many in San José. As the culture continues to change, newer generations keep the memories and feelings of their elders close at heart, but also hold different concerns, like how to best honor the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong, like so many Vietnamese Americans, said she faces a “constant negotiation” about how to share her Vietnamese American identity with her young, third-generation daughter, and what to reinforce and what to let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017798\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017798\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Betty-and-Community-Member-scaled-e1745619585830.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong won the election to represent Santa Clara County’s District 2, which includes San José, Alum Rock and the East Foothills. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our ancestors, our heritage, why we eat certain foods, why we do certain things, our cultural traditions and ceremonies — that originated in a country called Vietnam,” she said, as she tells her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that my daughter will learn as much as possible, know as much as I do about her grandparents’ journey to America and how that translates to why we need to take care of each other in community,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do noted that over the decades, as groups hold annual remembrances for the Fall of Saigon, there has at times been tension between the generations, or a disconnect about what they experienced. He attributed that to a lack of education in American schools about the war, and that elders may sometimes be hesitant to share details about their trauma, guilt and memories because they want to protect youth from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many Vietnamese refugees who ended up in San José were forced to start over professionally, facing major setbacks. Even if they were business professionals, educators or high-ranking military officers in Vietnam, in America, some had to learn new skills to become engineers or assembly line workers, others became janitors and dishwashers, while some opened restaurants and grocery stores, some of which proliferated widely, like Lee’s Sandwiches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The remembrances are important, especially for older generations, “to renew their friendship, to be in community together, to eat together, to cry together, to just to be in a space where they don’t have to explain to people how and why they feel the way that they feel,” Do said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11299999\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11299999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pulitzer Prize-winning author Viet Thanh Nguyen signs copies of his new collection of short stories, “The Refugees.” Nguyen came to the United States with his family as a refugee from Vietnam after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Viet Thanh Nguyen, a Pulitzer Prize-winning author and professor who grew up in San José after fleeing Vietnam with his parents at a young age, also spoke of the difficulties Vietnamese Americans face in trying to ensure younger generations know the history of their elders and the war, while allowing them enough freedom from horrific experiences to create their own paths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He drew inspiration from the conclusion of Toni Morrison’s novel about slavery, Beloved, in which she wrote, “This is not a story to pass on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not a story that we should avoid, but it’s also not a story that we should pass on to another generation. These two things are contradictory, but they exist simultaneously because we haven’t escaped from history yet,” Nguyen said. “And I think that’s true for the Vietnam War. It’s something that we should remember, but it’s also something that we shouldn’t pass on. How do we do that?” he said. “That’s a balancing act that I think is part of our challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is undeniable is the growth of the Vietnamese American community in Santa Clara County in political and cultural prominence, which may have been tough to see in the beginning years after the Fall of Saigon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my childhood to my adulthood, something shifted at some point where now we were welcomed,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s night and day. I wish I could go back and tell my younger self that this world gets better, it changes. This life becomes more integrated and surrounded with joy and you would be proud to be Vietnamese American,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Half a century removed from the Fall of Saigon, Vietnamese American culture is woven into the fabric of San José. However, the group faced a rocky path in the South Bay as it grew in influence and political power. ",
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"title": "‘Beginning of Our Identity’: How San José Became Home for Betty Duong and Vietnamese Americans | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017754/meet-betty-duong-santa-clara-countys-first-vietnamese-american-supervisor\">Betty Duong\u003c/a> said that everyone she speaks with in her Vietnamese American community has a different feeling about April 30, 1975, when American soldiers pulled out of South Vietnam and the war officially ended. But they all agree on its significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just two years after that day, Duong’s recently married mother fled Vietnam in the middle of the night with her husband on a fishing boat packed with people. She watched helplessly as her brother, who was on board a different vessel, was captured by pirates. Their survival was uncertain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a very painful part of time in their lives, that I don’t know if they’ve completely gotten past or processed fully,” Duong, 44, said of her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her parents’ generation, that day marks the loss of their home country and a day of mourning. Duong’s peers see it somewhat differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to my second-generation colleagues and counterparts, they say it was the beginning of our identity as a diaspora,” she said. “It’s how we end up here in America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Duong stands as an example of the growth and influence of the Vietnamese American diaspora in San José. Beginning with the arrival of tens of thousands of refugees in the years after the war, the community has grown, along with its political power, spurred by a need for cultural understanding and by critical events, like the police killing of a Vietnamese American mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034774\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12034774 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-20-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Betty Duong holding her daughter, Harper, and her marriage photo with her husband, Khai, are displayed in her office at the Santa Clara County Administration Building in San José on April 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Duong grew up in the city and attended local schools before going on to UC Berkeley and Davis. After graduating, she became an attorney and then began work in the public sector for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last November, she became the first Vietnamese American elected to the office of Santa Clara County Supervisor. Her success, some say, is rooted in her ability to connect with varied voting groups, developed through her own upbringing in the community and her reliance on public services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong was born in San José after her parents arrived here with the help of Santa Clara County’s refugee resettlement program; her uncle, after escaping from the pirates, eventually ended up in Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She learned English in school, picking it up faster than her parents, and she often found herself translating for them at parent-teacher conferences, medical appointments and the DMV, an experience children of many immigrants and refugees are familiar with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037737\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037737 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/ECEFCE9F-8AED-48FC-8C07-64265BE40EB9_KQED-1-160x203.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong as a baby, being held by her father, Thông Dương, and her sister, Kathy, being held by her mother, Ngọc Từ, outside of San José State University. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This was also during the time when police officers and first responders didn’t have a language line or language access, so when 911 was called, I was also volunteered to help translate these very serious situations,” Duong said, something she feels a child should never have to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up in Section 8 housing in downtown San José, Duong thought the whole world looked like the five-block radius around her, made up largely of Vietnamese and Latino families, with doors left open all day in the warmer months for lack of air conditioning. Many families were reliant on county services to help make ends meet, put food on the table and access medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong sings the praises of the county for welcoming Vietnamese refugees with open arms and offering support to her family at a critical time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, her work in public service has been shaped by her family’s experience with poorly implemented or culturally insensitive safety net programs that didn’t consider the different ways people might need assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It always kind of fell short, and it always added a sense of chaos to the world,” she said of the services she received. “It was always somebody else’s call what we were going to eat, how we were going to eat, where we were going to live, how are we going to live and what that entailed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Vietnamese American culture helps define San José and the region, and politicians have understood for many years the value of the group as a coveted voting bloc. About 122,000 residents identify as Vietnamese American, representing more than 10% of the city’s population, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vietnamese Americans had to make major strides to overcome ignorance, racism, systemic exclusion and cultural and language access barriers along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“We weren’t wanted”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Duong was growing up, her family experienced blunt racism and bigotry, with people directing slurs at her parents, or telling her father to learn English or go back to his country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese refugees arrived in America at a fraught time. The country was in an economic recession, and the war itself was causing division, according to Hien Duc Do, a professor of sociology and Asian American studies at San José State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037728 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1072\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2.jpeg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-800x536.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-1020x683.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2025-03-19_151258-2-1536x1029.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong as a toddler with her mom, Ngọc Từ, standing outside an apartment complex on South Fifth Street where they lived at the time, across from San José State University. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There were people who were happy with the refugees. There were people who weren’t happy with refugees,” said Do, who has written extensively about Vietnamese Americans. “ You have about 100,000 people or so coming from a war-torn country and a lot of them came literally without anything but the clothes on their backs. So for them, it was a very traumatic experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Gerald Ford, in his attempt to avoid “ghettoism,” ordered the initial waves of refugees from Vietnam to be dispersed into different areas in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do said that broke apart networks of extended families and people who had come to know each other in refugee camps, making it harder for them to find stability. Ford’s plan didn’t last long, as groups of refugees eventually coalesced around warm weather areas such as Orange County, the Bay Area, and Texas, according to the Immigration Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are all these laws that were passed against people like us when we first came, because we weren’t wanted, in the same way that every community had gone through that,” Do said. “And sometimes people tend to forget that. Sometimes, success breeds this idea that America is this land of meritocracy, it’s this open society, when in fact it is not. It could be, but it’s not quite there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government cheese\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Duong recalls how she and other low-income families received so-called “government cheese” from food banks. “But for a population that’s like 90% lactose intolerant, that was just not a viable option,” Duong said of her family and other Vietnamese Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just one example of the sometimes ham-fisted approaches to public welfare that she experienced growing up. She learned that building effective safety net programs requires collective input and designing empathetically for the unique needs of people with different backgrounds and experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2184px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037745 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2184\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2.jpg 2184w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-800x563.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1536x1080.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-2048x1440.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Photo_2024-11-02_190608_Original-2-1920x1350.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2184px) 100vw, 2184px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong’s parents, Thông Dương and Ngọc Từ, seen in front of the old Hammer Theater in San José. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To receive health care, her mother often had to make elaborate public transit plans, seeing a primary doctor in one area of San José and then being sent to see a specialist across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t alone. Decades later, a 2012 county study showed that Vietnamese Americans still faced physical and mental health challenges, as well as intergenerational conflict and difficulty in navigating county services, according to the county.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>To help address those needs, former Santa Clara County Supervisors Dave Cortese and Cindy Chavez, for whom Duong served as chief of staff, helped spearhead the opening of the Vietnamese American Services Center in 2021 on Senter Road, close to Vietnamese American neighborhoods and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center is meant to be a one-stop shop, with culturally competent services for mental and behavioral health, a general health center, dental clinic, pharmacy, social services and nutrition programs for older adults. Duong was the project’s lead for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why does it take this long for us to have this?” Duong said of equitable services and centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be more Vietnamese representation. There needs to be more Latino representation. There needs to be more South Asian representation. Our elected bodies don’t look like our communities yet, quite yet,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Duong and so much of the Vietnamese American community, the need for that representation became more urgent about two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Police killing of Bich Cau Thi Tran\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 2003, Duong was attending De Anza College when she, like many others in the community, was shaken by the fatal police shooting of a Vietnamese American woman who was experiencing a mental health crisis in her San José home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bich Cau Thi Tran was a small woman weighing less than 100 pounds, and a mother of two young boys who struggled with her mental health. She was killed by San José Police Officer Chad Marshall when he responded to a call about a domestic concern at Tran’s apartment in the Northside neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran was holding a Vietnamese-style vegetable peeler, known as a dao bào. Marshall said later he thought it was a knife, and he thought she was going to kill him. Seconds after confronting Tran, he shot her in the chest, and she died on her kitchen floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034770\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12034770 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong, Santa Clara County Supervisor, speaks to KQED reporter Joseph Geha for an interview at the Santa Clara County Administration Building in San José on April 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When the story first broke, we were hearing on TV that this woman attacked the officer with a butcher knife,” Duong said. It was only through testimony in a rare open grand jury proceeding that more details were revealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then, when we saw that it was the same vegetable peeler that’s in every single Asian household … it was just really heartbreaking,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The killing touched off protests, marches and a reckoning within the community about how police treat residents in American communities. It helped propel Madison Nguyen into a San José City Council seat in 2005, becoming the first Vietnamese American person elected in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tam Nguyen, a 45-year resident of San José, attorney and former council member, said before Tran’s killing, the Vietnamese American community was less engaged in local politics, and often treated as an afterthought by power brokers and the establishment in City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because we were poor, we were busy earning a living, we didn’t know about politics or civic engagement. So out of ignorance, out of economic and cultural disadvantage, and also because of the system and how it was designed, to keep Asian people quiet,” Nguyen said. “That was the mentality, and how things were going during the 80s and 90s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1804px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037760 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1804\" height=\"1145\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497.jpg 1804w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-1408373497-1536x975.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1804px) 100vw, 1804px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters marched to the civic center about a mile away from Bich Cau Thi Tran’s home. The Vietnamese community and others from around the Santa Clara Valley turned out in force for a vigil and march on City Hall on July 16, 2003, in San José to denounce the fatal police shooting of the single mother. \u003ccite>(Paul Chinn/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He recalls being on Mayor Tom McEnery’s Advisory Group on Minority Affairs, which amounted to monthly meetings where the mayor told the group things were going well, but didn’t seek their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1990s, Nguyen said the community began clamoring about the lack of Vietnamese American representation on the city council and in city staffing ranks, and the lack of a clear path to apply for city contracts or grants. In response, a city hall emissary was sent to tell the community they were being heard, but not to “burden yourself” by putting up a Vietnamese American candidate for office, and not to confuse “equal rights for equal representation,” Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always been that things don’t change until people speak out, get together and act with their votes,” he said. Tran’s killing “woke people up, that we need to stand up, we need to raise our voice, we need to get our act together, get our votes together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Konda, the executive director of the Asian Law Alliance, also helped form the Coalition for Justice and Accountability in the wake of Tran’s killing, calling for greater cultural sensitivity in San José’s policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Konda said the shooting shifted the sole focus of many in the Vietnamese American community in San José away from the issues in their home country, which were still looming large in the collective consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037773\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20230801-SJCityHall-04-JY_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flags at City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For many of them, they weren’t really looking inward in terms of the politics of local or state government,” Konda said. “This may have been, I don’t know if you want to call it a triggering point, but something that maybe caused some people to kind of think about, ‘Hey, we need to maybe get more involved locally.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong called Tran’s death a “defining moment” for herself and her community, and she still becomes emotional when speaking about her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ms. Tran’s killing — that was the first time that we were faced with this reality that, as a whole, as a community, it was really undeniable at that point that there is a problem, a challenge. There is a rift between police and community in this country,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong, who translated for her community in police interactions as a child, said those experiences inspired her to help develop language access policies in 2014. The county built on that, establishing a dedicated language access unit in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it was a rare moment that she and her father saw eye to eye on law enforcement during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dad has been very, very, very pro-police, very pro-law and order,” Duong said. However, as more details emerged about the killing, “he and I really agreed that significant missteps, inherent biases, camouflaged racism — these were all at play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More representation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since then, the community has grown in power and influence, and for decades now, politicians and city and county officials have courted Vietnamese American voters. They often show up to celebrations or events near the Grand Century Mall and the Vietnam Town shopping center in Little Saigon to talk with residents. Some wear traditional Vietnamese clothing known as an ao dai, or carry the flag of South Vietnam, and learn short phrases in Vietnamese to show solidarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But having a seat at the table is a recent accomplishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only five Vietnamese Americans have been elected to the San José City Council in 50 years, and Duong is the first to become a county supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037727 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_9346-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Duong family at Betty Duong’s Santa Clara County Supervisor swearing-in ceremony in January 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Do, the San José State professor, credits Duong’s election victory to her ability to appeal to the common humanity across many different constituencies, not just Vietnamese Americans, which he said represents a maturation for politicians from the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was able to build this coalition that she’s not only seen as this great, amazing, young politician, but one that really understands how to work the system to benefit all of us, not just her own Vietnamese American community, because that would not have been enough to elect her,” he said. “She really can bridge a lot of these amazing stories from different communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Looking forward, looking back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year marks half a century as a Vietnamese American community for so many in San José. As the culture continues to change, newer generations keep the memories and feelings of their elders close at heart, but also hold different concerns, like how to best honor the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong, like so many Vietnamese Americans, said she faces a “constant negotiation” about how to share her Vietnamese American identity with her young, third-generation daughter, and what to reinforce and what to let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017798\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017798\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Betty-and-Community-Member-scaled-e1745619585830.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Duong won the election to represent Santa Clara County’s District 2, which includes San José, Alum Rock and the East Foothills. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Betty Duong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our ancestors, our heritage, why we eat certain foods, why we do certain things, our cultural traditions and ceremonies — that originated in a country called Vietnam,” she said, as she tells her daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that my daughter will learn as much as possible, know as much as I do about her grandparents’ journey to America and how that translates to why we need to take care of each other in community,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do noted that over the decades, as groups hold annual remembrances for the Fall of Saigon, there has at times been tension between the generations, or a disconnect about what they experienced. He attributed that to a lack of education in American schools about the war, and that elders may sometimes be hesitant to share details about their trauma, guilt and memories because they want to protect youth from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many Vietnamese refugees who ended up in San José were forced to start over professionally, facing major setbacks. Even if they were business professionals, educators or high-ranking military officers in Vietnam, in America, some had to learn new skills to become engineers or assembly line workers, others became janitors and dishwashers, while some opened restaurants and grocery stores, some of which proliferated widely, like Lee’s Sandwiches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The remembrances are important, especially for older generations, “to renew their friendship, to be in community together, to eat together, to cry together, to just to be in a space where they don’t have to explain to people how and why they feel the way that they feel,” Do said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11299999\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11299999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Viet-Thanh-Nguyen-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pulitzer Prize-winning author Viet Thanh Nguyen signs copies of his new collection of short stories, “The Refugees.” Nguyen came to the United States with his family as a refugee from Vietnam after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Viet Thanh Nguyen, a Pulitzer Prize-winning author and professor who grew up in San José after fleeing Vietnam with his parents at a young age, also spoke of the difficulties Vietnamese Americans face in trying to ensure younger generations know the history of their elders and the war, while allowing them enough freedom from horrific experiences to create their own paths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He drew inspiration from the conclusion of Toni Morrison’s novel about slavery, Beloved, in which she wrote, “This is not a story to pass on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not a story that we should avoid, but it’s also not a story that we should pass on to another generation. These two things are contradictory, but they exist simultaneously because we haven’t escaped from history yet,” Nguyen said. “And I think that’s true for the Vietnam War. It’s something that we should remember, but it’s also something that we shouldn’t pass on. How do we do that?” he said. “That’s a balancing act that I think is part of our challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is undeniable is the growth of the Vietnamese American community in Santa Clara County in political and cultural prominence, which may have been tough to see in the beginning years after the Fall of Saigon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my childhood to my adulthood, something shifted at some point where now we were welcomed,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s night and day. I wish I could go back and tell my younger self that this world gets better, it changes. This life becomes more integrated and surrounded with joy and you would be proud to be Vietnamese American,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San José Planning Commission Chair Anthony Tordillos secured the second spot in a June 24 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034920/san-jose-city-council-election-headed-to-runoff-chavez-lopez-leads\">runoff election\u003c/a> for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031808/homelessness-trust-center-san-jose-district-3-special-election\">District 3 seat\u003c/a> on the city council, election officials announced on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks of vote counting led to a recount — automatically triggered under Santa Clara County election rules — that confirmed Tordillos’ six-vote margin over third-place finisher Matthew Quevedo, deputy chief of staff to San José Mayor Matt Mahan. Tordillos will now face nonprofit executive Gabby Chavez-Lopez, who was the leading vote-getter in a special election with significant implications for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031953/san-joses-district-3-is-picking-a-new-city-councilmember-and-the-stakes-are-high\">balance of power\u003c/a> at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tordillos said he is “very excited by the results.” And that he’s looking forward to the runoff election in June to “being able to get out there and talk to voters about our plan to address our housing affordability and homelessness crises and make real progress on quality of life issues like public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tordillos ran without the outside financial support enjoyed by Chavez-Lopez and Quevedo. Led by labor unions, outside groups spent more than $450,000 to support Chavez-Lopez, while committees funded by business and real estate interests spent over $250,000 to back Quevedo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This funding fueled an avalanche of mailers and ads, but fewer than 20% of registered voters in the district cast a ballot. The election was called after former Councilmember Omar Torres \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013122/san-jose-councilmember-omar-torres-resigns-arrested\">resigned in November\u003c/a> and later \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035071/former-san-jose-council-member-pleads-no-contest-to-child-sexual-abuse\">pleaded\u003c/a> no contest to three charges of child sex abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chavez-Lopez led the field of seven candidates in the April 8 election with 30% of the vote, but fell short of the majority needed to avoid a runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12031808 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/20250306_SANJOSEDISTRICT3_GC-26-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to her endorsement by the South Bay Labor Council, Chavez-Lopez shared an endorsement from the Santa Clara County Democratic Party with Tordillos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are moving full steam ahead into the runoff, and I am more determined than ever to deliver the leadership our community deserves,” Chavez-Lopez said in a statement on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result represents a political setback for Mahan, who endorsed Quevedo as he looked to solidify a six-vote majority of support on the council. Unlike Quevedo, both Chavez-Lopez and Tordillos opposed a key plank of Mahan’s budget proposal: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029843/san-jose-mayor-pushes-to-arrest-unhoused-who-refuse-shelter\">arresting unhoused people\u003c/a> who refuse multiple offers of shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan now faces increased pressure to win approval for his agenda while the District 3 seat is held by interim Councilmember Carl Salas, a Mahan ally. The council will vote on Mahan’s final budget plan in early June, and the winner of the District 3 election will take office in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s recount took place at the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters office in San José, where election workers manually reviewed more than 9,000 ballots from neighborhoods including downtown, Japantown, Northside and Guadalupe-Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County election law requires a recount if the margin of victory between two candidates is less than 0.25% or 25 votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The registrar’s office will mail a ballot to every voter in the district in late May for the runoff election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story said Anthony Tordillos opposed Mayor Matt Mahan’s plans to link elected officials’ pay raises to benchmarks such as reductions in homelessness and crime. A campaign spokesman said Tordillos is “generally supportive” of the idea.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San José Planning Commission Chair Anthony Tordillos secured the second spot in a June 24 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034920/san-jose-city-council-election-headed-to-runoff-chavez-lopez-leads\">runoff election\u003c/a> for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031808/homelessness-trust-center-san-jose-district-3-special-election\">District 3 seat\u003c/a> on the city council, election officials announced on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks of vote counting led to a recount — automatically triggered under Santa Clara County election rules — that confirmed Tordillos’ six-vote margin over third-place finisher Matthew Quevedo, deputy chief of staff to San José Mayor Matt Mahan. Tordillos will now face nonprofit executive Gabby Chavez-Lopez, who was the leading vote-getter in a special election with significant implications for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031953/san-joses-district-3-is-picking-a-new-city-councilmember-and-the-stakes-are-high\">balance of power\u003c/a> at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tordillos said he is “very excited by the results.” And that he’s looking forward to the runoff election in June to “being able to get out there and talk to voters about our plan to address our housing affordability and homelessness crises and make real progress on quality of life issues like public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tordillos ran without the outside financial support enjoyed by Chavez-Lopez and Quevedo. Led by labor unions, outside groups spent more than $450,000 to support Chavez-Lopez, while committees funded by business and real estate interests spent over $250,000 to back Quevedo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This funding fueled an avalanche of mailers and ads, but fewer than 20% of registered voters in the district cast a ballot. The election was called after former Councilmember Omar Torres \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013122/san-jose-councilmember-omar-torres-resigns-arrested\">resigned in November\u003c/a> and later \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035071/former-san-jose-council-member-pleads-no-contest-to-child-sexual-abuse\">pleaded\u003c/a> no contest to three charges of child sex abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chavez-Lopez led the field of seven candidates in the April 8 election with 30% of the vote, but fell short of the majority needed to avoid a runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to her endorsement by the South Bay Labor Council, Chavez-Lopez shared an endorsement from the Santa Clara County Democratic Party with Tordillos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are moving full steam ahead into the runoff, and I am more determined than ever to deliver the leadership our community deserves,” Chavez-Lopez said in a statement on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result represents a political setback for Mahan, who endorsed Quevedo as he looked to solidify a six-vote majority of support on the council. Unlike Quevedo, both Chavez-Lopez and Tordillos opposed a key plank of Mahan’s budget proposal: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029843/san-jose-mayor-pushes-to-arrest-unhoused-who-refuse-shelter\">arresting unhoused people\u003c/a> who refuse multiple offers of shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan now faces increased pressure to win approval for his agenda while the District 3 seat is held by interim Councilmember Carl Salas, a Mahan ally. The council will vote on Mahan’s final budget plan in early June, and the winner of the District 3 election will take office in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s recount took place at the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters office in San José, where election workers manually reviewed more than 9,000 ballots from neighborhoods including downtown, Japantown, Northside and Guadalupe-Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County election law requires a recount if the margin of victory between two candidates is less than 0.25% or 25 votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The registrar’s office will mail a ballot to every voter in the district in late May for the runoff election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story said Anthony Tordillos opposed Mayor Matt Mahan’s plans to link elected officials’ pay raises to benchmarks such as reductions in homelessness and crime. A campaign spokesman said Tordillos is “generally supportive” of the idea.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recount will begin on Thursday, April 24, at the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters’ office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We estimate the recount to last about a day or two,” said Michael Borja, associate communications officer with the registrar’s office. “We will have our staff counting manually, probably in different teams. They’ll be tallying by hand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Final election results will be certified on April 28.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-14-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José City Council District 3 candidates Anthony Tordillos (left) and Matthew Quevedo speak at a candidates forum at the San José Women’s Club in San José on March 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of Friday morning, 18 voters had their ballots flagged because of issues with their ballot signatures. Borja said those voters have been contacted and will have until April 26 to “cure” their signature issue, so that their vote can be counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result of the election could have major implications for Mayor Matt Mahan’s ability to win support for his agenda at City Hall. Quevedo, Mahan’s former deputy chief of staff, was the only leading candidate to support the mayor’s vision for prioritizing city homelessness dollars for short-term housing and shelter, instead of permanent affordable housing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We appreciate the diligent work from everyone working to ensure a fast and accurate count, and we appreciate everyone who voted and made their voice heard in this election, whether it was for our campaign for common sense or not,” Quevedo said in a statement. “We are seeing in real time how important it is that every vote is counted!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, Mahan appears to have enough support on the council to pass his budget plan, which will be voted on in June before the runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tordillos, chair of the San José Planning Commission, said he supported a balance of spending between short-term and permanent housing over time. He was critical of Mahan’s proposal to pursue trespassing charges against people experiencing homelessness who refuse three offers of shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Tordillos campaign spokesperson referred KQED to a previous statement in which Tordillos said he was “glad our substantive message resonated with District 3 voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must make sure every vote is counted,” Tordillos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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