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"content": "\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — A former trash collector in Los Angeles was convicted Thursday of 10 “Grim Sleeper” serial killings that spanned two decades and targeted vulnerable young black women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lonnie Franklin Jr. showed no emotion as a clerk read the 10 murder verdicts in Los Angeles County Superior Court after a two-month trial in the potential death penalty case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin also was found guilty of one count of attempted murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jurors were told to return May 12 for the trial’s penalty phase. Franklin could receive the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The killings from 1985 to 2007 were dubbed the work of the “Grim Sleeper” because of an apparent 14-year gap after one woman survived a gunshot to the chest in 1988.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crimes went unsolved for decades and community members complained that police ignored the cases because the victims were black, poor and some were prostitutes and drug users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the violence unfolded during the nation’s crack cocaine epidemic when at least two other serial killers prowled the part of the city then known as South Central.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”OlPn7fUZylU6qqFbA0y8ATfz1jl9VNcl”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 victims, including a 15-year-old girl, were fatally shot or strangled and dumped in alleys and garbage bins. Most had traces of cocaine in their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin, 63, a onetime trash collector in the area and a garage attendant for the Los Angeles Police Department, had been hiding in plain sight, said Deputy District Attorney Beth Silverman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police eventually connected Franklin to the crimes after a task force was assigned to revisit the case that dozens of officers failed to solve in the 1980s. The DNA of Franklin’s son, collected after a felony arrest, had similarities to genetic material left on the bodies of many of the victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An officer posing as a busboy later retrieved pizza crusts and napkins with Franklin’s DNA while he was celebrating at a birthday party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It proved a match with material found on the breasts and clothing of many of the women and on the zip tie of a trash bag that held the curled-up body of the final victim, Janecia Peters. She was found Jan. 1, 2007, by someone who was rifling through a trash bin and noticed her red fingernails through a hole in the bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman described the victims as sisters, daughters and mothers who suffered frailties but had hopes and dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She projected photos of the 10 women from happier days, many smiling from headshots that captured their youth and the hairstyles of the times. The images were in stark contrast to gory crime scene and autopsy photos also displayed of half-naked bodies sprawled among garbage — images that made family members wince, weep and recoil in the gallery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10947111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10947111\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-800x478.jpg\" alt=\"Rev. Dr. Kelvin Calloway leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the Grim Sleeper serial killer, in Los Angeles in 2010.\" width=\"800\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-800x478.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-400x239.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-1180x705.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-960x574.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Dr. Kelvin Calloway leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the Grim Sleeper serial killer, in Los Angeles in 2010. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Defense lawyer Seymour Amster challenged what he called “inferior science” of DNA and ballistics evidence. During his closing argument, he introduced a new theory: a “mystery man with a mystery gun and mystery DNA” was responsible for all the killings. He said the man was a “nephew” of Franklin’s who was jealous because his uncle had better luck with romance, though he offered no supporting evidence or any name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amster based the theory on the testimony of the sole known survivor, Enietra Washington, who was shot in the chest and crawled to safety after being shoved from an orange Ford Pinto in November 1988. She testified that her assailant said he had to stop at his “uncle’s house” for money before the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington later led detectives to Franklin’s street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman scoffed at the “mystery nephew” notion, saying it was as rational an explanation as a spaceship killing the women. She said the killer had just lied to Washington about an uncle and was probably stopping at his house to get his gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attack fit the pattern of seven previous killings and showed how the killer carried out the crimes, Silverman said. The bullet removed from Washington’s chest matched ammo retrieved from the previous victims, and she provided a detail that would later prove telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington described how her attacker took a Polaroid photo of her as she was losing consciousness. Police searching Franklin’s house more than two decades later found a snapshot of the wounded Washington slouched over in a car with a breast exposed. It was hidden behind a wall in his garage.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — A former trash collector in Los Angeles was convicted Thursday of 10 “Grim Sleeper” serial killings that spanned two decades and targeted vulnerable young black women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lonnie Franklin Jr. showed no emotion as a clerk read the 10 murder verdicts in Los Angeles County Superior Court after a two-month trial in the potential death penalty case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin also was found guilty of one count of attempted murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jurors were told to return May 12 for the trial’s penalty phase. Franklin could receive the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The killings from 1985 to 2007 were dubbed the work of the “Grim Sleeper” because of an apparent 14-year gap after one woman survived a gunshot to the chest in 1988.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crimes went unsolved for decades and community members complained that police ignored the cases because the victims were black, poor and some were prostitutes and drug users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the violence unfolded during the nation’s crack cocaine epidemic when at least two other serial killers prowled the part of the city then known as South Central.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 victims, including a 15-year-old girl, were fatally shot or strangled and dumped in alleys and garbage bins. Most had traces of cocaine in their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin, 63, a onetime trash collector in the area and a garage attendant for the Los Angeles Police Department, had been hiding in plain sight, said Deputy District Attorney Beth Silverman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police eventually connected Franklin to the crimes after a task force was assigned to revisit the case that dozens of officers failed to solve in the 1980s. The DNA of Franklin’s son, collected after a felony arrest, had similarities to genetic material left on the bodies of many of the victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An officer posing as a busboy later retrieved pizza crusts and napkins with Franklin’s DNA while he was celebrating at a birthday party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It proved a match with material found on the breasts and clothing of many of the women and on the zip tie of a trash bag that held the curled-up body of the final victim, Janecia Peters. She was found Jan. 1, 2007, by someone who was rifling through a trash bin and noticed her red fingernails through a hole in the bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman described the victims as sisters, daughters and mothers who suffered frailties but had hopes and dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She projected photos of the 10 women from happier days, many smiling from headshots that captured their youth and the hairstyles of the times. The images were in stark contrast to gory crime scene and autopsy photos also displayed of half-naked bodies sprawled among garbage — images that made family members wince, weep and recoil in the gallery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10947111\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10947111\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-800x478.jpg\" alt=\"Rev. Dr. Kelvin Calloway leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the Grim Sleeper serial killer, in Los Angeles in 2010.\" width=\"800\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-800x478.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-400x239.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-1180x705.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GrimSleeperVictimMem-960x574.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Dr. Kelvin Calloway leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the Grim Sleeper serial killer, in Los Angeles in 2010. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Defense lawyer Seymour Amster challenged what he called “inferior science” of DNA and ballistics evidence. During his closing argument, he introduced a new theory: a “mystery man with a mystery gun and mystery DNA” was responsible for all the killings. He said the man was a “nephew” of Franklin’s who was jealous because his uncle had better luck with romance, though he offered no supporting evidence or any name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amster based the theory on the testimony of the sole known survivor, Enietra Washington, who was shot in the chest and crawled to safety after being shoved from an orange Ford Pinto in November 1988. She testified that her assailant said he had to stop at his “uncle’s house” for money before the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington later led detectives to Franklin’s street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman scoffed at the “mystery nephew” notion, saying it was as rational an explanation as a spaceship killing the women. She said the killer had just lied to Washington about an uncle and was probably stopping at his house to get his gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attack fit the pattern of seven previous killings and showed how the killer carried out the crimes, Silverman said. The bullet removed from Washington’s chest matched ammo retrieved from the previous victims, and she provided a detail that would later prove telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington described how her attacker took a Polaroid photo of her as she was losing consciousness. Police searching Franklin’s house more than two decades later found a snapshot of the wounded Washington slouched over in a car with a breast exposed. It was hidden behind a wall in his garage.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Starbucks Got Tangled Up in L.A.'s Homelessness Crisis",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's about 6:30 in the morning at a Starbucks near Santa Monica Beach, and David Rodriguez Ordunez is checking Facebook while charging his phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's one of 44,000 people living on the streets in and around Los Angeles — and he's one of three homeless people at the coffee shop this morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since there's Internet here, that's mainly one of the purposes. I've usually got to find locations to actually have access,\" Ordunez explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why Starbucks instead of the library? \"Well, the library opens like at 10 o'clock or something,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most shelters close early in the morning, pushing people out onto the sidewalks — where they sometimes go back to sleep. \"And then a lot of times if you're homeless, you've got to get up at a certain time 'cause if not, they'll give you a ticket,\" Ordunez adds. \"That's totally inhumane. I'm like, give me a place to live or somewhere to go or something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more than 400 branches in the L.A. area, often the place to go is Starbucks. And that's why lately, these coffee shops are finding themselves on the front line of the city's homeless crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few months, three Starbucks outlets in L.A. have closed their bathrooms completely, even to paying customers. Those stores are located in downtown and Hollywood, areas with big homeless populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"uXxzUfSMvmisqaTEvoyBblCCBgT7MJXd\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the company said the closures are because of unspecified safety concerns. But former Starbucks supervisor Lester Monzon says the chain has had a long-standing struggle with the homeless relying on its bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the homeless people that do tend to come in, and they will buy a cup of coffee, they use the restroom as their shower time,\" he says. \"They'll take off their shirts, they'll bathe themselves. When they leave, the whole bathroom is just completely destroyed.\" Some current employees, who aren't allowed to speak on tape, had similar complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But regulating bathroom use is just one concern. Twenty to 25 percent of the homeless population in the U.S. suffers from some form of severe mental illness — and many baristas aren't sure how to interact with homeless customers showing signs of mental distress. Should they ask the person to leave? Call the police?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they have to take customers into account, too, Monzon says. \"Half the people that are watching are seeing if you're gonna be a jerk. Half the people don't want them there and half the people are like, more compassion,\" he says. \"You try to do your best.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, a woman came out of a Starbucks near the Hollywood Walk of Fame, yelling at nobody. She was pulling a shopping cart full of bags — and carrying a cup of coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a tough situation, says Mary McNeall, who frequents a Starbucks near Venice Beach. \"My heart goes out to them, and it's definitely something delicate,\" she says. \"It can get uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet — it makes sense that Starbucks is one of several places where the city's growing number of homeless patch together their days, says \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/faculty/faculty-profiles/gary-l-blasi/\">Gary Blasi\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus at the UCLA School of Law and a longtime advocate for the homeless. The problem is, \"there is no social safety net,\" he says. \"Or if there is, it's comprised mainly of holes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Frankly, I think a lot of people who are hanging out in a Starbucks would rather be hanging out at home,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's where Ordunez — the man charging his phone in Santa Monica — would rather be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aren't that friendly when you walk in, carrying a bunch of bags, he says. \"And you just notice it, you know?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more than 400 branches in the L.A. area, often the place to go is Starbucks. And that's why lately, these coffee shops are finding themselves on the front line of the city's homeless crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few months, three Starbucks outlets in L.A. have closed their bathrooms completely, even to paying customers. Those stores are located in downtown and Hollywood, areas with big homeless populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the company said the closures are because of unspecified safety concerns. But former Starbucks supervisor Lester Monzon says the chain has had a long-standing struggle with the homeless relying on its bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the homeless people that do tend to come in, and they will buy a cup of coffee, they use the restroom as their shower time,\" he says. \"They'll take off their shirts, they'll bathe themselves. When they leave, the whole bathroom is just completely destroyed.\" Some current employees, who aren't allowed to speak on tape, had similar complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But regulating bathroom use is just one concern. Twenty to 25 percent of the homeless population in the U.S. suffers from some form of severe mental illness — and many baristas aren't sure how to interact with homeless customers showing signs of mental distress. Should they ask the person to leave? Call the police?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they have to take customers into account, too, Monzon says. \"Half the people that are watching are seeing if you're gonna be a jerk. Half the people don't want them there and half the people are like, more compassion,\" he says. \"You try to do your best.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, a woman came out of a Starbucks near the Hollywood Walk of Fame, yelling at nobody. She was pulling a shopping cart full of bags — and carrying a cup of coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a tough situation, says Mary McNeall, who frequents a Starbucks near Venice Beach. \"My heart goes out to them, and it's definitely something delicate,\" she says. \"It can get uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet — it makes sense that Starbucks is one of several places where the city's growing number of homeless patch together their days, says \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/faculty/faculty-profiles/gary-l-blasi/\">Gary Blasi\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus at the UCLA School of Law and a longtime advocate for the homeless. The problem is, \"there is no social safety net,\" he says. \"Or if there is, it's comprised mainly of holes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Frankly, I think a lot of people who are hanging out in a Starbucks would rather be hanging out at home,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's where Ordunez — the man charging his phone in Santa Monica — would rather be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aren't that friendly when you walk in, carrying a bunch of bags, he says. \"And you just notice it, you know?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "L.A. Exhibit Makes Disposable Plastic Trash Impossible to Ignore",
"title": "L.A. Exhibit Makes Disposable Plastic Trash Impossible to Ignore",
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"content": "\u003cp>Discarded plastic cups and bottles are so prevalent, they’re almost invisible. Whether it’s an iced coffee cup from Starbucks or a red Solo cup at a party, or a water bottle bought from a gas station, they are made to be used and thrown away minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two artists are trying to raise awareness of the harmful impact of these plastic objects. Using post-consumer recycled plastic, they created two large inflatable sculptures, each about the size of a school bus. One is shaped like a simple plastic bottle. They other is a plastic cup with a lid and a green straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/260435732\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekend, the artists -- \u003ca href=\"http://janacruderfineart.com/\">Jana Cruder\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.matthewlapenta.com/\">Matthew LaPenta\u003c/a> -- set up their sculptures in Pershing Square, a park surrounded by glittering skyscrapers in downtown Los Angeles. Passersby snapped selfies in front of the bulbous shapes and approached the artists to ask questions about their intention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruder and LaPenta call this work “Natural Plasticity,” a phrase that both draws attention to just how unnatural plastic actually is, and is also a reference to “neural plasticity,” the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. Their goal is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Created from the byproduct of oil and natural gas production, the neurotoxins and chemicals found in plastic have been linked to a host of public health concerns, including diabetes, obesity, various forms of cancer and reproductive problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10937346\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10937346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The goal of artists Matthew LaPenta and Jana Cruder is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The goal of artists Matthew LaPenta and Jana Cruder is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior. \u003ccite>(Avishay Artsy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists plan to bring their sculptures to other locations around Los Angeles. LaPenta said the goal is to head west along the L.A. River, mimicking the journey of plastic trash toward the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because that's a huge problem, that everything's being flushed out to the ocean. And we're not really being responsible,” LaPenta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The artists cite Claes Oldenburg, the sculptor who turns ink stamps, shuttlecocks and ice cream cones into public art, as a major influence on their work. They also credit Chinese dissident artist and activist Ai Weiwei as a political influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruder said her awareness of disposable plastic began after the couple watched a documentary called \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7X-J1DhfjE\">\u003cem>Plastic Planet\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a 14-country tour of plastic manufacturing and health dangers associated with products made of synthetic polymers. Later, during hikes through national parks, the couple would see plastic trash thrown everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was her personal health that really moved Cruder to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"eHFv77HSVvhO7klVm7GaalxH3nvIzLLG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mother had breast cancer most of my life and when she passed away, I did a ton of research to make sure that I don't get breast cancer,” Cruder says. “And one of the things that I learned was about plastic and how it affects women specifically, our endocrine systems. And from that awareness, this choice in eradication of plastic out of my life happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy activists say the amount of plastic that ends up in our oceans has created a public health crisis. Visual artist Dianna Cohen runs Plastic Pollution Coalition, a global alliance of NGOs and businesses. She came out to the park to see the artwork herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people have heard of the \u003ca href=\"http://education.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/\">Great Pacific Garbage Patch\u003c/a>. Well, we’ve got multiple garbage patches in all five major oceans in the world,” Cohen said. “We’re not saying that they’re islands of plastic, we’re saying the entire ocean has become a plastic soup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen says public art like this can actually change people’s behavior. “To me, what this does is, it’s in your face,” Cohen said. “And the thing about it is, we become immune to seeing this stuff. If you drive home tonight, you’ll see it along the side of the road. You know, you’ll see it everywhere. And people don’t even pick it up anymore because there’s so much of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10937347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10937347\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The artists built the sculptures out of post-consumer recycled plastic.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"721\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut.jpg 1280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The artists built the sculptures out of post-consumer recycled plastic. \u003ccite>(Guina Elvis)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artwork also resonated with Eric Gharakhanian, who happened upon it while walking through downtown. He thinks projects like “Natural Plasticity” may lead people to rethink their use of disposable plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it'll make people more conscious of it, because it seems all too common to just see like a bottle on the ground. And to sort of have that like in such a magnified and large form, I think it might make people consider that,” Gharakhanian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gharakhanian said he didn’t realize at first that the objects are meant to draw attention to how much of this plastic ends up in the oceans. That’s why the artists say they need to be present with the art, to help make that connection and suggest ways to reduce the use of disposable plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We’re not saying that they’re islands of plastic, we’re saying the entire ocean has become a plastic soup.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry guys, recycling doesn’t work, because we're producing way more than we can ever recycle, and we're exporting our recyclables,” Cruder said. “Other countries don't really know what to do with it. So, it’s refusing, it's getting to the point of saying no, I'm not going to use disposable plastic in my life and if we as consumers shift that, then I think those who make things that we buy will shift as well. So, it’s about shifting perspective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of inflatable plastic sculptures comes with its own headaches. Strong winds require the use of sandbags to hold the bottle and cup in place. Visitors tend to poke and prod the sculptures, requiring the artists to politely ask them to back away. And on a sunny afternoon, the heat demands the artists re-inflate the works using a rather loud air pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appearance of “Natural Plasticity” in Pershing Square was made possible through funding from \u003ca href=\"http://doartfoundation.org/\">Do Art Foundation\u003c/a>, RVCC, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharkallies.com/\">Shark Allies\u003c/a> and support by the City of LA Department of Recreation and Parks. After the sculptures reach the Pacific Ocean, the artists want to keep it moving. Their next stops could include Yosemite, Sequoia & Kings Canyon and other national parks fighting the onslaught of plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see “Natural Plasticity” on display in Los Angeles at Griffith Park on Saturday, April 30, and Elysian Park on Sunday, May 1st.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Discarded plastic cups and bottles are so prevalent, they’re almost invisible. Whether it’s an iced coffee cup from Starbucks or a red Solo cup at a party, or a water bottle bought from a gas station, they are made to be used and thrown away minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two artists are trying to raise awareness of the harmful impact of these plastic objects. Using post-consumer recycled plastic, they created two large inflatable sculptures, each about the size of a school bus. One is shaped like a simple plastic bottle. They other is a plastic cup with a lid and a green straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/260435732&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/260435732'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekend, the artists -- \u003ca href=\"http://janacruderfineart.com/\">Jana Cruder\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.matthewlapenta.com/\">Matthew LaPenta\u003c/a> -- set up their sculptures in Pershing Square, a park surrounded by glittering skyscrapers in downtown Los Angeles. Passersby snapped selfies in front of the bulbous shapes and approached the artists to ask questions about their intention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruder and LaPenta call this work “Natural Plasticity,” a phrase that both draws attention to just how unnatural plastic actually is, and is also a reference to “neural plasticity,” the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. Their goal is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Created from the byproduct of oil and natural gas production, the neurotoxins and chemicals found in plastic have been linked to a host of public health concerns, including diabetes, obesity, various forms of cancer and reproductive problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10937346\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10937346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The goal of artists Matthew LaPenta and Jana Cruder is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19244_IMG_1425-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The goal of artists Matthew LaPenta and Jana Cruder is to change how people think about plastic, and influence consumer behavior. \u003ccite>(Avishay Artsy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists plan to bring their sculptures to other locations around Los Angeles. LaPenta said the goal is to head west along the L.A. River, mimicking the journey of plastic trash toward the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because that's a huge problem, that everything's being flushed out to the ocean. And we're not really being responsible,” LaPenta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The artists cite Claes Oldenburg, the sculptor who turns ink stamps, shuttlecocks and ice cream cones into public art, as a major influence on their work. They also credit Chinese dissident artist and activist Ai Weiwei as a political influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruder said her awareness of disposable plastic began after the couple watched a documentary called \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7X-J1DhfjE\">\u003cem>Plastic Planet\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a 14-country tour of plastic manufacturing and health dangers associated with products made of synthetic polymers. Later, during hikes through national parks, the couple would see plastic trash thrown everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was her personal health that really moved Cruder to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mother had breast cancer most of my life and when she passed away, I did a ton of research to make sure that I don't get breast cancer,” Cruder says. “And one of the things that I learned was about plastic and how it affects women specifically, our endocrine systems. And from that awareness, this choice in eradication of plastic out of my life happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy activists say the amount of plastic that ends up in our oceans has created a public health crisis. Visual artist Dianna Cohen runs Plastic Pollution Coalition, a global alliance of NGOs and businesses. She came out to the park to see the artwork herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people have heard of the \u003ca href=\"http://education.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/\">Great Pacific Garbage Patch\u003c/a>. Well, we’ve got multiple garbage patches in all five major oceans in the world,” Cohen said. “We’re not saying that they’re islands of plastic, we’re saying the entire ocean has become a plastic soup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen says public art like this can actually change people’s behavior. “To me, what this does is, it’s in your face,” Cohen said. “And the thing about it is, we become immune to seeing this stuff. If you drive home tonight, you’ll see it along the side of the road. You know, you’ll see it everywhere. And people don’t even pick it up anymore because there’s so much of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10937347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10937347\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The artists built the sculptures out of post-consumer recycled plastic.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"721\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut.jpg 1280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS19249_Guina_Elvis_Image_1-qut-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The artists built the sculptures out of post-consumer recycled plastic. \u003ccite>(Guina Elvis)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artwork also resonated with Eric Gharakhanian, who happened upon it while walking through downtown. He thinks projects like “Natural Plasticity” may lead people to rethink their use of disposable plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it'll make people more conscious of it, because it seems all too common to just see like a bottle on the ground. And to sort of have that like in such a magnified and large form, I think it might make people consider that,” Gharakhanian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gharakhanian said he didn’t realize at first that the objects are meant to draw attention to how much of this plastic ends up in the oceans. That’s why the artists say they need to be present with the art, to help make that connection and suggest ways to reduce the use of disposable plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We’re not saying that they’re islands of plastic, we’re saying the entire ocean has become a plastic soup.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry guys, recycling doesn’t work, because we're producing way more than we can ever recycle, and we're exporting our recyclables,” Cruder said. “Other countries don't really know what to do with it. So, it’s refusing, it's getting to the point of saying no, I'm not going to use disposable plastic in my life and if we as consumers shift that, then I think those who make things that we buy will shift as well. So, it’s about shifting perspective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of inflatable plastic sculptures comes with its own headaches. Strong winds require the use of sandbags to hold the bottle and cup in place. Visitors tend to poke and prod the sculptures, requiring the artists to politely ask them to back away. And on a sunny afternoon, the heat demands the artists re-inflate the works using a rather loud air pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appearance of “Natural Plasticity” in Pershing Square was made possible through funding from \u003ca href=\"http://doartfoundation.org/\">Do Art Foundation\u003c/a>, RVCC, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharkallies.com/\">Shark Allies\u003c/a> and support by the City of LA Department of Recreation and Parks. After the sculptures reach the Pacific Ocean, the artists want to keep it moving. Their next stops could include Yosemite, Sequoia & Kings Canyon and other national parks fighting the onslaught of plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Could $15 an Hour Mean for Rural, Inland California?",
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"content": "\u003cp>At Bee Sweet Citrus in the Central Valley town of Fowler, forklifts beep as workers load and pack oranges, lemons and mandarins that will be shipped all over the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Watkins runs farm operations here, and says most of his employees make above minimum wage right now. But he thinks a jump to $15 an hour will mean farmers have to pass that cost onto consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, all we’re doing is causing the cost of food to go up, which makes less money in your take-home check at the end of the month, just cuz you’ve got to pay more for food,” Watkins says. “So to me, it’s just a revolving circle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movement to raise the minimum wage has largely come from cities, where restaurant and service workers have been pushing for an increase. But the wage hike could have seismic effects on more rural, inland areas, where poverty and unemployment rates are higher than on the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256289072″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers in the Central Valley say they’ve already had to adjust to higher prices for water, and to the $10 minimum wage that took effect in January. In order to survive, says Watkins, farmers are just going to have to mechanize more of the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to go and have reliable costs out there every year,” he says. “It’s robots, it’s new technology in order to do some of the jobs that people used to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Socorro Torres, a farmworker lugging groceries and pushing her kids in a stroller along a sidewalk in Fresno, says she’d welcome a raise for the hours she spends stooped picking garlic, or standing on a ladder to pick cherries.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s big positives that come with this and big negatives … And both will be larger in the Central Valley.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Of course it’s better to earn more,” she says in Spanish. “What we make now doesn’t allow us to pay our bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres says it costs her to work in the fields: She has to pay for a ride, and for someone to watch her kids. At $10 an hour right now, she’s barely making it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be challenging for industry in the Central Valley to cope with it, but it’s also a place that deals with the negative aspects of poverty and low-paying jobs,” Jeff Michael says. He directs the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacific.edu/Academics/Schools-and-Colleges/Eberhardt-School-of-Business/Centers-and-Institutes/Center-for-Business-and-Policy-Research.html\">Center for Business and Policy Research \u003c/a>at the University of the Pacific in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacific.edu/About-Pacific/Newsroom/2016/March-2016/Impacts-of-a-15-per-hour-minimum-wage-on-the-Northern-California-megaregion.html#.Vvr1Qfi1t4w.twitter\">analysis \u003c/a>shows the minimum wage hike could impact nearly 60 percent of the jobs in some Central Valley counties, where agriculture is king. It also shows that most of the workers who will benefit from a wage hike are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s big positives that come with this and big negatives that come with this and both the positives will be larger and the negatives will be larger in the Central Valley,” Michael says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true in areas like the Inland Empire, just East of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a disproportionately large number of marginally educated, lower-income workers,” says economist John Husing, who consults for local governments and private business in urban Riverside and San Bernadino County. Otherwise known as the Inland Empire, it’s a traditionally lower-income region with a blue-collar job market, home to a number of companies that pay less than $30,000 a year to most workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husing supports the wage hike proposal, but says it’s a good thing it would phase in over 6 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”OzqnjgE64T9bt6sY5o6ddSf9TGAobmEY”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bringing it up at a moderate pace really works for the workforce. But it also will not cause the dislocations that will would normally occur if you moved it too fast,” Husing says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s talking about the dislocation of jobs: bosses cutting staff, shutting down operations, even leaving the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husing believes the Inland Empire region is overdue for a hike in the minimum wage. But he also didn’t have much faith that it would happen locally, because local governments in the region are much more conservative on labor issues than neighboring Los Angeles, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-minimum-wage-hike-20150518-story.html\">passed its own $15 minimum wage\u003c/a>, set to phase in by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Neumark, who teaches economics at UC Irvine, says the state should have taken a wait-and-see approach, examine the effects of local minimum wage hikes in cities like L.A. before imposing a one-size-fits-all approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually think it’s kind of reckless to just go ahead and do that everywhere else before we learn something about the consequences in these cities,” Neumark says. “A more sober view would say, ‘OK some cities have done this, let’s get some serious research done, let’s learn more about what happens before we say that we know for sure that $15 in Fresno is not gonna do a lot of damage.'”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At Bee Sweet Citrus in the Central Valley town of Fowler, forklifts beep as workers load and pack oranges, lemons and mandarins that will be shipped all over the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt Watkins runs farm operations here, and says most of his employees make above minimum wage right now. But he thinks a jump to $15 an hour will mean farmers have to pass that cost onto consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, all we’re doing is causing the cost of food to go up, which makes less money in your take-home check at the end of the month, just cuz you’ve got to pay more for food,” Watkins says. “So to me, it’s just a revolving circle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movement to raise the minimum wage has largely come from cities, where restaurant and service workers have been pushing for an increase. But the wage hike could have seismic effects on more rural, inland areas, where poverty and unemployment rates are higher than on the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256289072″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256289072″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers in the Central Valley say they’ve already had to adjust to higher prices for water, and to the $10 minimum wage that took effect in January. In order to survive, says Watkins, farmers are just going to have to mechanize more of the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to go and have reliable costs out there every year,” he says. “It’s robots, it’s new technology in order to do some of the jobs that people used to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Socorro Torres, a farmworker lugging groceries and pushing her kids in a stroller along a sidewalk in Fresno, says she’d welcome a raise for the hours she spends stooped picking garlic, or standing on a ladder to pick cherries.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There’s big positives that come with this and big negatives … And both will be larger in the Central Valley.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Of course it’s better to earn more,” she says in Spanish. “What we make now doesn’t allow us to pay our bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres says it costs her to work in the fields: She has to pay for a ride, and for someone to watch her kids. At $10 an hour right now, she’s barely making it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be challenging for industry in the Central Valley to cope with it, but it’s also a place that deals with the negative aspects of poverty and low-paying jobs,” Jeff Michael says. He directs the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacific.edu/Academics/Schools-and-Colleges/Eberhardt-School-of-Business/Centers-and-Institutes/Center-for-Business-and-Policy-Research.html\">Center for Business and Policy Research \u003c/a>at the University of the Pacific in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacific.edu/About-Pacific/Newsroom/2016/March-2016/Impacts-of-a-15-per-hour-minimum-wage-on-the-Northern-California-megaregion.html#.Vvr1Qfi1t4w.twitter\">analysis \u003c/a>shows the minimum wage hike could impact nearly 60 percent of the jobs in some Central Valley counties, where agriculture is king. It also shows that most of the workers who will benefit from a wage hike are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s big positives that come with this and big negatives that come with this and both the positives will be larger and the negatives will be larger in the Central Valley,” Michael says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true in areas like the Inland Empire, just East of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a disproportionately large number of marginally educated, lower-income workers,” says economist John Husing, who consults for local governments and private business in urban Riverside and San Bernadino County. Otherwise known as the Inland Empire, it’s a traditionally lower-income region with a blue-collar job market, home to a number of companies that pay less than $30,000 a year to most workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husing supports the wage hike proposal, but says it’s a good thing it would phase in over 6 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bringing it up at a moderate pace really works for the workforce. But it also will not cause the dislocations that will would normally occur if you moved it too fast,” Husing says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s talking about the dislocation of jobs: bosses cutting staff, shutting down operations, even leaving the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husing believes the Inland Empire region is overdue for a hike in the minimum wage. But he also didn’t have much faith that it would happen locally, because local governments in the region are much more conservative on labor issues than neighboring Los Angeles, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-minimum-wage-hike-20150518-story.html\">passed its own $15 minimum wage\u003c/a>, set to phase in by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Neumark, who teaches economics at UC Irvine, says the state should have taken a wait-and-see approach, examine the effects of local minimum wage hikes in cities like L.A. before imposing a one-size-fits-all approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually think it’s kind of reckless to just go ahead and do that everywhere else before we learn something about the consequences in these cities,” Neumark says. “A more sober view would say, ‘OK some cities have done this, let’s get some serious research done, let’s learn more about what happens before we say that we know for sure that $15 in Fresno is not gonna do a lot of damage.'”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Few of the women in the photographs are smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some manage to crack a Mona Lisa turn of the lips. Those are the ones who are awake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the others; chilling visages of one woman after another. Some appear as if they are sleeping. Others like they may have been knocked out, or worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like they’re sleeping or dead,” says Christine Pelisek, a crime reporter with \u003ca href=\"http://www.people.com/people/package/article/0,,20981907_20989444,00.html\">People Magazine\u003c/a>. “Some look like they were in cars resting back with their eyes closed. The police found around 180 photos and videotapes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255092416″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The images, mostly Polaroids, were seized in 2010 from the South Los Angeles home of Lonnie Franklin Jr., who is charged with killing nine women and a 15-year-old girl, although authorities believe they have evidence that could link him to several other killings. \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/topic/crime-law-justice/crime/lonnie-franklin-jr.-PEOCVC0000098-topic.html\">He is now on trial in downtown Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin is accused of being the so-called Grim Sleeper killer, a macabre nickname coined by Pelisek during her 10-year quest to uncover the identity of a murderer behind a string of brutal sexual assaults and killings stretching back some 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a story Pelisek stumbled into while reporting for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laweekly.com/news/grim-sleeper-returns-hes-murdering-angelenos-as-cops-hunt-his-dna-2155416\">LA Weekly\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909058\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909058\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-800x584.jpeg\" alt=\"Reporter Christine Pelisek\" width=\"800\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-800x584.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-400x292.jpeg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-1180x862.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-960x701.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reporter Christine Pelisek \u003ccite>(Christine Pelisek/People Magazine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The coroner’s office had a list of 38 women found murdered around L.A. County. So I started looking at the cases, and two related to the cases in the ’80s. I wrote a story for the LA Weekly about it, and then the killer struck again in 2007,” explains Pelisek. “That’s when the\u003ca href=\"http://www.lapdonline.org/grimsleeper\"> LAPD \u003c/a>started a task force.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so began a years-long odyssey haunting the streets of South L.A., tracking down victims’ relatives, neighbors, retired police detectives and at least one woman who was allegedly attacked by Lonnie Franklin Jr. in 1988 but somehow managed to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enietra Washington allegedly encountered Franklin outside a liquor store one day. He offered her a ride. She declined at first. But he had a pretty sweet car, an orange Pinto with racing stripes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said he wasn’t threatening in any way. She actually described him as a nerd, very neat and very polite,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of LAPD poster asking to help identify possible victims of the Grim Sleeper killer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909053\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detail of LAPD poster asking to help identify possible victims of the Grim Sleeper killer. \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, she climbed in beside the man and they drove off. He promised to drop her of at her friend’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then he ended up veering off, going in a different direction,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had to make a stop. He pulled up to a house, spoke to a guy who came to the door and then got back in the car beside Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And when he got back in the car, that’s when his personality changed,” says Pelisek. “He pulled a gun from the side pocket and he shot her in the chest. And she kind of kept drifting in and out, like she was blacking out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Washington came to, Franklin was allegedly sexually assaulting her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909062\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-800x1014.jpg\" alt=\"Undated LAPD mugshot of Lonnie Franklin Jr. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1014\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-400x507.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-1180x1496.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-960x1217.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Undated LAPD mugshot of Lonnie Franklin Jr. \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She passed out again and then woke up to the flash of a Polaroid (camera),” Pelisek says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington was dumped from the car and left for dead. But she managed to crawl and stumble her way to a friend’s place and eventually to a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-grim-sleeper-survivor-testifies-20160225-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington testified against Franklin at his trial\u003c/a>. She pointed him out when asked to identify the man who attacked her nearly 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Camouflage of Violence\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Grim Sleeper killings began, South L.A. was a rougher, deadlier place. The crack cocaine epidemic was raging. Ruthless gang warfare bloodied the streets. Murders stacked up by the dozens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these murders, of young African-American women and at least one teenager, were different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The women are all young and all had drug addictions. And that was the terrible part of it,” says Pelisek. “In many ways they were perfect victims for a serial killer, the most vulnerable of victims”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as fast as the murders began, they appeared to stop in the late 1980s, around the time the Grim Sleeper can last be linked to a murder — until 2007, when the killings seemed to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909065\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909065\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-800x675.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of LAPD wanted poster\" width=\"800\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-800x675.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-400x337.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-1180x995.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-960x810.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detail of LAPD wanted poster \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Dept)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pelisek coined a nickname for the serial killer who had apparently been hibernating for years; the Grim Sleeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Franklin in 2010 after obtaining a DNA sample from him and matching it with DNA from the victims. And that’s not all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, one is the ballistics,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators also found a gun in Franklin’s home allegedly used to kill victim Janecia Peters in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then I guess the biggest thing is the fact that he’s linked to all the victims through DNA evidence,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DNA evidence is also what Franklin’s public defender is picking apart as the defense begins its presentation to the jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, some of the girls had other male (DNA) on them when they were found,” says Pelisek. “As well as Lonnie Franklin Jr.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of neighbors and other people who know Franklin have come to his defense since his arrest. But the number of supporters appears to have dissolved, though Pelisek says some have shown up in the courtroom to express support for a man they knew as a low-key friendly guy with a knack for fixing cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909247\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-800x501.jpg\" alt=\"Reverend Dr. Kelvin Calloway (L) leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the serial killer dubbed the Grim Sleeper.\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909247\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-800x501.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-400x250.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-1180x739.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-960x601.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reverend Dr. Kelvin Calloway (L) leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the serial killer dubbed the Grim Sleeper. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“From the outside he looks like this just regular everyday friendly guy,” says Pelisek, who has yet to have the opportunity to interview Franklin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) if you ask any of the victims or you ask Enietra Washington, he’s a killer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the other piece of evidence found at Franklin’s home: a mountain of photos, including Polaroids of Janecia Peters, who was killed in 2007, and of survivor Enietra Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 30 of the women in the photos have yet to be accounted for. Authorities do not know who they are, or if they are dead or alive.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Few of the women in the photographs are smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some manage to crack a Mona Lisa turn of the lips. Those are the ones who are awake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the others; chilling visages of one woman after another. Some appear as if they are sleeping. Others like they may have been knocked out, or worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like they’re sleeping or dead,” says Christine Pelisek, a crime reporter with \u003ca href=\"http://www.people.com/people/package/article/0,,20981907_20989444,00.html\">People Magazine\u003c/a>. “Some look like they were in cars resting back with their eyes closed. The police found around 180 photos and videotapes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255092416″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255092416″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The images, mostly Polaroids, were seized in 2010 from the South Los Angeles home of Lonnie Franklin Jr., who is charged with killing nine women and a 15-year-old girl, although authorities believe they have evidence that could link him to several other killings. \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/topic/crime-law-justice/crime/lonnie-franklin-jr.-PEOCVC0000098-topic.html\">He is now on trial in downtown Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin is accused of being the so-called Grim Sleeper killer, a macabre nickname coined by Pelisek during her 10-year quest to uncover the identity of a murderer behind a string of brutal sexual assaults and killings stretching back some 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a story Pelisek stumbled into while reporting for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laweekly.com/news/grim-sleeper-returns-hes-murdering-angelenos-as-cops-hunt-his-dna-2155416\">LA Weekly\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909058\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909058\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-800x584.jpeg\" alt=\"Reporter Christine Pelisek\" width=\"800\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-800x584.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-400x292.jpeg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-1180x862.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleepr-ChristineP-BW-960x701.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reporter Christine Pelisek \u003ccite>(Christine Pelisek/People Magazine)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The coroner’s office had a list of 38 women found murdered around L.A. County. So I started looking at the cases, and two related to the cases in the ’80s. I wrote a story for the LA Weekly about it, and then the killer struck again in 2007,” explains Pelisek. “That’s when the\u003ca href=\"http://www.lapdonline.org/grimsleeper\"> LAPD \u003c/a>started a task force.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so began a years-long odyssey haunting the streets of South L.A., tracking down victims’ relatives, neighbors, retired police detectives and at least one woman who was allegedly attacked by Lonnie Franklin Jr. in 1988 but somehow managed to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enietra Washington allegedly encountered Franklin outside a liquor store one day. He offered her a ride. She declined at first. But he had a pretty sweet car, an orange Pinto with racing stripes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said he wasn’t threatening in any way. She actually described him as a nerd, very neat and very polite,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of LAPD poster asking to help identify possible victims of the Grim Sleeper killer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909053\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-LAPD-Vktms76568_281243498654424_872144522_n-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detail of LAPD poster asking to help identify possible victims of the Grim Sleeper killer. \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, she climbed in beside the man and they drove off. He promised to drop her of at her friend’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then he ended up veering off, going in a different direction,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had to make a stop. He pulled up to a house, spoke to a guy who came to the door and then got back in the car beside Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And when he got back in the car, that’s when his personality changed,” says Pelisek. “He pulled a gun from the side pocket and he shot her in the chest. And she kind of kept drifting in and out, like she was blacking out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Washington came to, Franklin was allegedly sexually assaulting her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909062\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-800x1014.jpg\" alt=\"Undated LAPD mugshot of Lonnie Franklin Jr. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1014\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-400x507.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-1180x1496.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-mugshot-BLUE-feature1-2_3-13-14-960x1217.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Undated LAPD mugshot of Lonnie Franklin Jr. \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She passed out again and then woke up to the flash of a Polaroid (camera),” Pelisek says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington was dumped from the car and left for dead. But she managed to crawl and stumble her way to a friend’s place and eventually to a hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-grim-sleeper-survivor-testifies-20160225-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington testified against Franklin at his trial\u003c/a>. She pointed him out when asked to identify the man who attacked her nearly 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Camouflage of Violence\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Grim Sleeper killings began, South L.A. was a rougher, deadlier place. The crack cocaine epidemic was raging. Ruthless gang warfare bloodied the streets. Murders stacked up by the dozens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these murders, of young African-American women and at least one teenager, were different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The women are all young and all had drug addictions. And that was the terrible part of it,” says Pelisek. “In many ways they were perfect victims for a serial killer, the most vulnerable of victims”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as fast as the murders began, they appeared to stop in the late 1980s, around the time the Grim Sleeper can last be linked to a murder — until 2007, when the killings seemed to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909065\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909065\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-800x675.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of LAPD wanted poster\" width=\"800\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-800x675.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-400x337.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-1180x995.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/Grim-Sleeper-reward-s002457832-960x810.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detail of LAPD wanted poster \u003ccite>(Los Angeles Police Dept)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pelisek coined a nickname for the serial killer who had apparently been hibernating for years; the Grim Sleeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Franklin in 2010 after obtaining a DNA sample from him and matching it with DNA from the victims. And that’s not all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, one is the ballistics,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators also found a gun in Franklin’s home allegedly used to kill victim Janecia Peters in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then I guess the biggest thing is the fact that he’s linked to all the victims through DNA evidence,” says Pelisek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DNA evidence is also what Franklin’s public defender is picking apart as the defense begins its presentation to the jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, some of the girls had other male (DNA) on them when they were found,” says Pelisek. “As well as Lonnie Franklin Jr.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of neighbors and other people who know Franklin have come to his defense since his arrest. But the number of supporters appears to have dissolved, though Pelisek says some have shown up in the courtroom to express support for a man they knew as a low-key friendly guy with a knack for fixing cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10909247\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-800x501.jpg\" alt=\"Reverend Dr. Kelvin Calloway (L) leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the serial killer dubbed the Grim Sleeper.\" width=\"800\" height=\"501\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10909247\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-800x501.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-400x250.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-1180x739.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GrimSleeperPhotos-960x601.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reverend Dr. Kelvin Calloway (L) leaves a message on photographs set up as a memorial for 10 of the victims of the serial killer dubbed the Grim Sleeper. \u003ccite>(MARK RALSTON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“From the outside he looks like this just regular everyday friendly guy,” says Pelisek, who has yet to have the opportunity to interview Franklin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) if you ask any of the victims or you ask Enietra Washington, he’s a killer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the other piece of evidence found at Franklin’s home: a mountain of photos, including Polaroids of Janecia Peters, who was killed in 2007, and of survivor Enietra Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 30 of the women in the photos have yet to be accounted for. Authorities do not know who they are, or if they are dead or alive.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Book Explores Woody Guthrie's Formative L.A. Years",
"title": "New Book Explores Woody Guthrie's Formative L.A. Years",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The great American songwriter Woody Guthrie is usually associated with his home state of Oklahoma and the folk scene of New York City’s Greenwich Village. But it was his time in L.A. that helped define his politics. Those years are the subject of a new book, “\u003ca href=\"http://www.angelcitypress.com/products/guth\">Woody Guthrie L.A., 1937 to 1941\u003c/a>,” co-edited by historians Darryl Holter and William Deverell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/252910261\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie came from a middle-class family in Okemah, Oklahoma. His mother had Huntington's disease, which he eventually succumbed to as well, and she was committed to a state hospital. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie was pretty much on his own after the age of 16. He learned to play guitar in high school and performed old-time music with friends in a group called “The Corncob Trio.” He learned hundreds of hillbilly and folk songs, and began writing his own compositions about the dust storms that were driving families from their land in the Great Plains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hopping freight trains and doing itinerant work in Pampa, Texas, the young musician landed in Los Angeles, along with tens of thousands of other Dust Bowl refugees. But he learned that living in L.A. isn’t cheap, as he explored in his song \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qCpFn1iIqk\">\"Do Re Mi.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California is a garden of Eden, a paradise to live in or see;\u003cbr>\nBut believe it or not, you won't find it so hot\u003cbr>\nIf you ain't got the do re mi.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10900488 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Guthrie wrote, illustrated, and bound a pamphlet that included his eyewitness observations of Depression-era California.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-400x313.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-800x627.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-1180x924.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-960x752.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Guthrie wrote, illustrated and bound a pamphlet that included his eyewitness observations of Depression-era California. \u003ccite>(Woody Guthrie Archive/Woody Guthrie Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Woody was someone who read a lot of things and he was always interested in things, but his politics were relatively unformed when he came,” says Holter. “He came from places that were basically steeped in segregation. So it was a very different atmosphere, and he came to L.A. and a lot of his political views really changed. I describe him as a kind of a Dust Bowl populist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie never had a permanent address in Los Angeles. He crashed with friends in Echo Park and Glendale, and stayed in flophouses on Skid Row, where he also busked in cafes and bars and on streetcorners for spare change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 1937, Woody and his cousin, Leon “Oke” Guthrie, were hired to host the “Oklahoma and Woody Show” on L.A. radio station KFVD. A couple months later, Guthrie launched “The Woody and Lefty Lou Show” with Maxine Crissman, the daughter of a friend. He called her “Lefty Lou” because she was left-handed and because Lou rhymed with \"Missou,\" her home state of Missouri. They received nearly 500 fan letters within the show’s first month, and it became the highest-rated show on the station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900481\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10900481 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"Maxine “Lefty Lou” Crissman and Woody Guthrie promote their Woody and Lefty Lou radio show on Los Angeles’s KFVD, ca. 1937.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1299\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-400x271.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-960x650.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maxine 'Lefty Lou' Crissman and Woody Guthrie promote their radio show on Los Angeles’s KFVD, ca. 1937.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The show became very popular, particularly among the Dust Bowl population that lived in L.A.,” Holter says. “Even if you were poor you could listen to the radio. And a lot of letters came in, and Guthrie became sort of a minor radio celebrity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1939, Woody met Ed Robbin, a fellow radio host at KFVD, who got him a gig singing at a Communist Party rally at the Embassy Auditorium in downtown L.A. Guthrie became a fixture among L.A.’s radical left and performed at many political and union events around Los Angeles. He also wrote a column for the Communist newspaper People’s Daily World. He called it “Woody Sez,” and wrote in a hillbilly style to seem more authentic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Woody Guthrie is a very shrewd political actor,” Deverell says. “On the one hand, we might assume -- and that could be right -- that he's surprised by his rising success and fame. On the other hand, it may be in part cultivated by his own sense of a persona. So he's very clever about identifying as just folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie visited Dust Bowlers in their encampments, which were nicknamed \"Hoovervilles.\" For these migrants, the big city held plenty of danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they came to L.A., I mean this is a whole new experience. Not only was it big, noisy, full of cars, full of people, but also you could buy liquor all over, it wasn't dry. There were all kinds of temptations. You could buy your cars on credit. You could buy furniture on credit and lose it as well,” Holter says, citing Guthrie's song \u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqg6k1hVCFw\">\u003cem>Them Big City Ways.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brother John moved into town, rented him a flat and he settled down\u003cbr>\nLord lord, he’s getting them big city ways.\u003cbr>\nBrought his wife and kids along, but fifteen dollars didn’t last long\u003cbr>\nLord lord, he’s getting them big city ways.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie also traveled around the Golden State. He performed political skits with actor Will Geer to support strikers in the cotton fields of Kern County and got arrested at the state capital in Sacramento. He performed for migrant farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley. He met the writers John Steinbeck and Theodore Dreiser. Guthrie’s songs addressed issues of inequality that were amplified by the Depression, and are still relevant today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900485\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10900485\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Guthrie singing at Shafter Labor Camp, 1941.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1919\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-1180x1179.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Guthrie singing at Shafter Labor Camp, 1941. \u003ccite>(Seema Weatherwax)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Things like police-community relations. Things like unemployment. Things like poverty. Things like homelessness. Things like really heavy rainfalls and people getting swept away by the L.A. River,” Holter says. “Things about love, things about sex, the same kinds of things we talk about today. And it's a kind of timelessness to the themes of his songs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Song's like \u003cem> “\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXRT-5rL8z8\">\u003cem>Los Angeles New Year's Flood:\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kind friend, do you remember?\u003cbr>\nOn that fatal New Year's night\u003cbr>\nThe lights of old Los Angeles\u003cbr>\nWas a flick'ring, Oh, so bright.\u003cbr>\nA cloud burst hit the mountains\u003cbr>\nIt swept away our homes;\u003cbr>\nAnd a hundred souls was taken\u003cbr>\nIn that fatal New Year's flood.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The L.A. River, in the early years of the Depression, it takes a heavy, heavy rainfall and it floods its banks. And many of those Okie and Arkie out-migrants from the Dust Bowl were living in encampments alongside the river. And they get washed away. Or at least their possessions get washed away,” Deverell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woody Guthrie and his family left Los Angeles in 1939 and moved to New York, where he wrote “This Land Is Your Land” as a response to Kate Smith’s then-current hit “God Bless America.” The authors of the new book say Guthrie’s experiences in Los Angeles inspired what would become America’s “other” national anthem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie eventually wrote some 3,000 songs, although we have the score for only about half of them. He’d revisit some songs and modify the lyrics, reflecting his own changing political ideas. For example, one stanza of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxiMrvDbq3s\">\u003cem>This Land Is Your Land\u003c/em>\u003c/a>” often gets left out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As I went walking I saw a sign there\u003cbr>\nAnd on the sign it said \"No Trespassing.\"\u003cbr>\nBut on the other side it didn't say nothing,\u003cbr>\nThat side was made for you and me.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxiMrvDbq3s\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie eventually became a hero to the burgeoning folk scene of the 1960s and a mentor to musicians like Pete Seeger, Phil Ochs, Ramblin' Jack Elliott and Bob Dylan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie died in 1967. Interestingly, his ghost keeps popping up in the 2016 presidential election. When Democratic candidate Bernie Sanders campaigned in Oklahoma last month, he made sure to stop by the Woody Guthrie Center in downtown Tulsa. Sanders has been a longtime fan of Guthrie’s music, even covering “This Land Is Your Land” nearly 30 years ago. And at an Iowa rally earlier this year, he hummed along to the tune onstage with Vampire Weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the only connection to the 2016 campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2016/01/25/woody-guthrie-sang-of-his-contempt-for-his-landlord-donald-trumps-father/\" target=\"_blank\">an archivist found in Guthrie’s notebooks some nasty things he’d written about Fred Trump\u003c/a>, the father of Republican front-runner Donald Trump. Guthrie rented an apartment in Brooklyn belonging to Trump for two years. And Guthrie wrote angrily about what he called racist housing practices by the real estate mogul, specifically about the lack of diversity among the residents of Trump’s Beach Haven apartments.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The great American songwriter Woody Guthrie is usually associated with his home state of Oklahoma and the folk scene of New York City’s Greenwich Village. But it was his time in L.A. that helped define his politics. Those years are the subject of a new book, “\u003ca href=\"http://www.angelcitypress.com/products/guth\">Woody Guthrie L.A., 1937 to 1941\u003c/a>,” co-edited by historians Darryl Holter and William Deverell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/252910261&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/252910261'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie came from a middle-class family in Okemah, Oklahoma. His mother had Huntington's disease, which he eventually succumbed to as well, and she was committed to a state hospital. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie was pretty much on his own after the age of 16. He learned to play guitar in high school and performed old-time music with friends in a group called “The Corncob Trio.” He learned hundreds of hillbilly and folk songs, and began writing his own compositions about the dust storms that were driving families from their land in the Great Plains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hopping freight trains and doing itinerant work in Pampa, Texas, the young musician landed in Los Angeles, along with tens of thousands of other Dust Bowl refugees. But he learned that living in L.A. isn’t cheap, as he explored in his song \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qCpFn1iIqk\">\"Do Re Mi.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California is a garden of Eden, a paradise to live in or see;\u003cbr>\nBut believe it or not, you won't find it so hot\u003cbr>\nIf you ain't got the do re mi.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10900488 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Guthrie wrote, illustrated, and bound a pamphlet that included his eyewitness observations of Depression-era California.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-400x313.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-800x627.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-1180x924.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18827_43051-SlowTrainThroughCA_WGdrawing-qut-960x752.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Guthrie wrote, illustrated and bound a pamphlet that included his eyewitness observations of Depression-era California. \u003ccite>(Woody Guthrie Archive/Woody Guthrie Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Woody was someone who read a lot of things and he was always interested in things, but his politics were relatively unformed when he came,” says Holter. “He came from places that were basically steeped in segregation. So it was a very different atmosphere, and he came to L.A. and a lot of his political views really changed. I describe him as a kind of a Dust Bowl populist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie never had a permanent address in Los Angeles. He crashed with friends in Echo Park and Glendale, and stayed in flophouses on Skid Row, where he also busked in cafes and bars and on streetcorners for spare change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 1937, Woody and his cousin, Leon “Oke” Guthrie, were hired to host the “Oklahoma and Woody Show” on L.A. radio station KFVD. A couple months later, Guthrie launched “The Woody and Lefty Lou Show” with Maxine Crissman, the daughter of a friend. He called her “Lefty Lou” because she was left-handed and because Lou rhymed with \"Missou,\" her home state of Missouri. They received nearly 500 fan letters within the show’s first month, and it became the highest-rated show on the station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900481\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10900481 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"Maxine “Lefty Lou” Crissman and Woody Guthrie promote their Woody and Lefty Lou radio show on Los Angeles’s KFVD, ca. 1937.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1299\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-400x271.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18825_47011-WoodyLeftyLou-qut-1-960x650.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maxine 'Lefty Lou' Crissman and Woody Guthrie promote their radio show on Los Angeles’s KFVD, ca. 1937.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The show became very popular, particularly among the Dust Bowl population that lived in L.A.,” Holter says. “Even if you were poor you could listen to the radio. And a lot of letters came in, and Guthrie became sort of a minor radio celebrity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1939, Woody met Ed Robbin, a fellow radio host at KFVD, who got him a gig singing at a Communist Party rally at the Embassy Auditorium in downtown L.A. Guthrie became a fixture among L.A.’s radical left and performed at many political and union events around Los Angeles. He also wrote a column for the Communist newspaper People’s Daily World. He called it “Woody Sez,” and wrote in a hillbilly style to seem more authentic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Woody Guthrie is a very shrewd political actor,” Deverell says. “On the one hand, we might assume -- and that could be right -- that he's surprised by his rising success and fame. On the other hand, it may be in part cultivated by his own sense of a persona. So he's very clever about identifying as just folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie visited Dust Bowlers in their encampments, which were nicknamed \"Hoovervilles.\" For these migrants, the big city held plenty of danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they came to L.A., I mean this is a whole new experience. Not only was it big, noisy, full of cars, full of people, but also you could buy liquor all over, it wasn't dry. There were all kinds of temptations. You could buy your cars on credit. You could buy furniture on credit and lose it as well,” Holter says, citing Guthrie's song \u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqg6k1hVCFw\">\u003cem>Them Big City Ways.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brother John moved into town, rented him a flat and he settled down\u003cbr>\nLord lord, he’s getting them big city ways.\u003cbr>\nBrought his wife and kids along, but fifteen dollars didn’t last long\u003cbr>\nLord lord, he’s getting them big city ways.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie also traveled around the Golden State. He performed political skits with actor Will Geer to support strikers in the cotton fields of Kern County and got arrested at the state capital in Sacramento. He performed for migrant farmworkers in the San Joaquin Valley. He met the writers John Steinbeck and Theodore Dreiser. Guthrie’s songs addressed issues of inequality that were amplified by the Depression, and are still relevant today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10900485\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10900485\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Guthrie singing at Shafter Labor Camp, 1941.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1919\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-1180x1179.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18826_43021-WoodyGuthrie_Singing_Shafter_FLCamp-qut-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Guthrie singing at Shafter Labor Camp, 1941. \u003ccite>(Seema Weatherwax)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Things like police-community relations. Things like unemployment. Things like poverty. Things like homelessness. Things like really heavy rainfalls and people getting swept away by the L.A. River,” Holter says. “Things about love, things about sex, the same kinds of things we talk about today. And it's a kind of timelessness to the themes of his songs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Song's like \u003cem> “\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXRT-5rL8z8\">\u003cem>Los Angeles New Year's Flood:\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kind friend, do you remember?\u003cbr>\nOn that fatal New Year's night\u003cbr>\nThe lights of old Los Angeles\u003cbr>\nWas a flick'ring, Oh, so bright.\u003cbr>\nA cloud burst hit the mountains\u003cbr>\nIt swept away our homes;\u003cbr>\nAnd a hundred souls was taken\u003cbr>\nIn that fatal New Year's flood.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The L.A. River, in the early years of the Depression, it takes a heavy, heavy rainfall and it floods its banks. And many of those Okie and Arkie out-migrants from the Dust Bowl were living in encampments alongside the river. And they get washed away. Or at least their possessions get washed away,” Deverell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woody Guthrie and his family left Los Angeles in 1939 and moved to New York, where he wrote “This Land Is Your Land” as a response to Kate Smith’s then-current hit “God Bless America.” The authors of the new book say Guthrie’s experiences in Los Angeles inspired what would become America’s “other” national anthem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie eventually wrote some 3,000 songs, although we have the score for only about half of them. He’d revisit some songs and modify the lyrics, reflecting his own changing political ideas. For example, one stanza of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxiMrvDbq3s\">\u003cem>This Land Is Your Land\u003c/em>\u003c/a>” often gets left out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As I went walking I saw a sign there\u003cbr>\nAnd on the sign it said \"No Trespassing.\"\u003cbr>\nBut on the other side it didn't say nothing,\u003cbr>\nThat side was made for you and me.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/wxiMrvDbq3s'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/wxiMrvDbq3s'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Guthrie eventually became a hero to the burgeoning folk scene of the 1960s and a mentor to musicians like Pete Seeger, Phil Ochs, Ramblin' Jack Elliott and Bob Dylan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie died in 1967. Interestingly, his ghost keeps popping up in the 2016 presidential election. When Democratic candidate Bernie Sanders campaigned in Oklahoma last month, he made sure to stop by the Woody Guthrie Center in downtown Tulsa. Sanders has been a longtime fan of Guthrie’s music, even covering “This Land Is Your Land” nearly 30 years ago. And at an Iowa rally earlier this year, he hummed along to the tune onstage with Vampire Weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the only connection to the 2016 campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The race is on to capture the attention of one age group that's steadily lost interest in voting over the past two decades: young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although young voters helped drive Barack Obama's presidential election in 2008, their engagement has slipped since 2011, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.iop.harvard.edu/harvard-iop-fall-2015-poll\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard Institute of Politics poll\u003c/a> from last fall. At the time, less than half of the 18- to 29-year-olds surveyed said they were following the 2016 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/252596541\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a sad reality that we don’t care,\" said Juan Carlos Salas, a 29-year-old Los Angeles resident who works in Pasadena as a copy writer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salas feels frustrated and cynical about politics. He said he hasn’t voted since Obama first ran for president and he no longer connects with the message of hope on which Obama had campaigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Huv9WNkX8UD1HmJ6iY4nQLSkZQOFPIHh\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There’s a lot of sense of maybe betrayal, and there's a lot of sense of maybe things are never going to change. It’s just a cycle of just nonsense and garbage,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for whom he might support for president, Salas said he likes what he hears from Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, but doesn’t know if he’ll cast a vote in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salas is not alone in his thinking. Last year, just 8 percent of eligible 18- to 24-year-olds cast ballots in California's general election, the \u003ca href=\"http://explore.regionalchange.ucdavis.edu/ourwork/projects/copy2_of_UCDavisCCEPPolicyBrief92014YouthVote.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">California Civic Engagement Project reported\u003c/a> in a brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What could get millennials drawn back into the process?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/14/56194/as-millennials-interest-in-voting-wanes-solutions/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"perspectives": {
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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