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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suzanne Adams stood outside \u003ca href=\"http://www.catsinc.org/a-woman-s-place.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Woman’s Place\u003c/a>, a homeless drop-in center in San Francisco. Adams, who works there as a psychologist, pointed to the curb near the front entrance. It's where taxis regularly drop off homeless patients who have just been discharged from the hospital. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Generally speaking the driver is kind enough to assist some of these women in exiting the vehicle and grabbing some of their belongings,\" Adams said. \"The patient or client enters in through our door sometimes bewildered and confused as to why they’re here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the women are elderly. Some have never been to A Woman's Place before the taxi drops them off, while others are regulars. Whatever the case, the center just isn’t prepared to take in medically fragile patients straight from the hospital, according to Adams. It’s not a clinic, and it’s not even a shelter. Women and families can stop in to take showers, do laundry or get counseling. There aren’t any beds, just a television set and lots of chairs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A bill\u003c/a> under consideration in Sacramento aims to address this practice, which some advocates call \"patient dumping.\" They say hospitals commonly discharge homeless patients by sending them to social service agencies or other nonprofits, and they do this without contacting those locations first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams said this “dumping” happens at least once a week at A Woman's Place. One of the cases that haunts her involves an elderly woman who has a serious mental illness. Recently, the client had deteriorated so much that she couldn’t use the toilet alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She wasn’t leaving the building under her own accord,\" Adams said. \"She wasn’t accessing food or water without the assistance of other people. She tried to pay me a dollar the other day to go buy her some ramen so that she could eat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams sent the woman to the hospital, hoping psychiatric services would help. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, less than 24 hours later, she returned here,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same client was resting at the center on the day a KQED reporter visited, sitting in a black chair that she favors. Adams said the woman’s mental illness still wasn't well-controlled, so she couldn't speak coherently or consent to an interview. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an ideal world, she would be transferred to a 'board and care' or an assisted living facility, where they could manage her mental health as well as her medical health in a fashion that we simply don’t have the infrastructure for,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation moving through the state Senate would require that patients be discharged to one of four \"safe and appropriate\" locations: their primary dwelling (as identified by the homeless patient), another health center or hospital, a nonprofit or social service agency that has given written consent to accept the patient, or an alternative spot that the patient has consented to go to, in writing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"http://sd22.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Ed Hernandez\u003c/a>, D-West Covina, introduced the bill. He said hospitals, as part of society, have obligations to homeless Californians. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they fall down and have a heart attack, and somebody sends them to the hospital, we’re required by law -- which is the humane thing to do -- to treat those individuals,\" said Hernandez, who is an optometrist and chair of the Senate Health Committee. He was referring to a federal law called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/news-media-top-banner/emtala/#sm.000005tj0xf3geeirxddg2ghqr9qa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EMTALA\u003c/a>, which mandates that emergency rooms accept and treat everyone, regardless of ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But EMTALA doesn't address how patients are discharged from ERs. \"Once they’re treated, the humane thing is to figure out where we’re going to place them, as opposed to just leaving them out in the street immediately,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His bill would require some additional work on the part of ER staffers at California hospitals, such as getting consent from a shelter where the hospital wants to send the patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t imagine that it’s going to be that costly to pick up the phone,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation also lays out a checklist of things to do before discharge. For example, the patient must be hydrated, have recently eaten and be dressed in weather-appropriate clothing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But hospitals are pushing back, saying the list is too specific, and doesn’t give hospital workers enough flexibility to decide what’s right for each patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/profile/peggy-broussard-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Wheeler\u003c/a> is the vice president for rural health and governance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Hospital Association\u003c/a>. She said the bill would put yet another burden on emergency care. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hospital ERs are overcrowded,\" Wheeler said. \"If we had to hold on to a patient in a bed in the ER, that’s one less bed, two less beds, three less beds that would be available for other members of the community that need to come in and use the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams, the psychologist at A Woman’s Place, thinks the bill is a good step. But she said it doesn’t get at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">root \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem, which is that the Bay Area doesn’t have enough options for patients who still need help \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they leave the hospital. There aren’t enough nursing homes, rehabilitation units or assisted care programs for elderly, low-income or disabled patients. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a health insurance issue, it’s an aging issue, it’s a lack of infrastructure and funding,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until that gets fixed, Adams fears many patients will continue to shuttle between hospitals, the shelter system and the street. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suzanne Adams stood outside \u003ca href=\"http://www.catsinc.org/a-woman-s-place.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Woman’s Place\u003c/a>, a homeless drop-in center in San Francisco. Adams, who works there as a psychologist, pointed to the curb near the front entrance. It's where taxis regularly drop off homeless patients who have just been discharged from the hospital. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Generally speaking the driver is kind enough to assist some of these women in exiting the vehicle and grabbing some of their belongings,\" Adams said. \"The patient or client enters in through our door sometimes bewildered and confused as to why they’re here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the women are elderly. Some have never been to A Woman's Place before the taxi drops them off, while others are regulars. Whatever the case, the center just isn’t prepared to take in medically fragile patients straight from the hospital, according to Adams. It’s not a clinic, and it’s not even a shelter. Women and families can stop in to take showers, do laundry or get counseling. There aren’t any beds, just a television set and lots of chairs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A bill\u003c/a> under consideration in Sacramento aims to address this practice, which some advocates call \"patient dumping.\" They say hospitals commonly discharge homeless patients by sending them to social service agencies or other nonprofits, and they do this without contacting those locations first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams said this “dumping” happens at least once a week at A Woman's Place. One of the cases that haunts her involves an elderly woman who has a serious mental illness. Recently, the client had deteriorated so much that she couldn’t use the toilet alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She wasn’t leaving the building under her own accord,\" Adams said. \"She wasn’t accessing food or water without the assistance of other people. She tried to pay me a dollar the other day to go buy her some ramen so that she could eat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams sent the woman to the hospital, hoping psychiatric services would help. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, less than 24 hours later, she returned here,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same client was resting at the center on the day a KQED reporter visited, sitting in a black chair that she favors. Adams said the woman’s mental illness still wasn't well-controlled, so she couldn't speak coherently or consent to an interview. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In an ideal world, she would be transferred to a 'board and care' or an assisted living facility, where they could manage her mental health as well as her medical health in a fashion that we simply don’t have the infrastructure for,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation moving through the state Senate would require that patients be discharged to one of four \"safe and appropriate\" locations: their primary dwelling (as identified by the homeless patient), another health center or hospital, a nonprofit or social service agency that has given written consent to accept the patient, or an alternative spot that the patient has consented to go to, in writing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"http://sd22.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Ed Hernandez\u003c/a>, D-West Covina, introduced the bill. He said hospitals, as part of society, have obligations to homeless Californians. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they fall down and have a heart attack, and somebody sends them to the hospital, we’re required by law -- which is the humane thing to do -- to treat those individuals,\" said Hernandez, who is an optometrist and chair of the Senate Health Committee. He was referring to a federal law called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/news-media-top-banner/emtala/#sm.000005tj0xf3geeirxddg2ghqr9qa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EMTALA\u003c/a>, which mandates that emergency rooms accept and treat everyone, regardless of ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But EMTALA doesn't address how patients are discharged from ERs. \"Once they’re treated, the humane thing is to figure out where we’re going to place them, as opposed to just leaving them out in the street immediately,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His bill would require some additional work on the part of ER staffers at California hospitals, such as getting consent from a shelter where the hospital wants to send the patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t imagine that it’s going to be that costly to pick up the phone,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The legislation also lays out a checklist of things to do before discharge. For example, the patient must be hydrated, have recently eaten and be dressed in weather-appropriate clothing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But hospitals are pushing back, saying the list is too specific, and doesn’t give hospital workers enough flexibility to decide what’s right for each patient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/profile/peggy-broussard-wheeler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Peggy Wheeler\u003c/a> is the vice president for rural health and governance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calhospital.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Hospital Association\u003c/a>. She said the bill would put yet another burden on emergency care. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hospital ERs are overcrowded,\" Wheeler said. \"If we had to hold on to a patient in a bed in the ER, that’s one less bed, two less beds, three less beds that would be available for other members of the community that need to come in and use the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adams, the psychologist at A Woman’s Place, thinks the bill is a good step. But she said it doesn’t get at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">root \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem, which is that the Bay Area doesn’t have enough options for patients who still need help \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> they leave the hospital. There aren’t enough nursing homes, rehabilitation units or assisted care programs for elderly, low-income or disabled patients. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a health insurance issue, it’s an aging issue, it’s a lack of infrastructure and funding,\" Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until that gets fixed, Adams fears many patients will continue to shuttle between hospitals, the shelter system and the street. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Choosing the right mental health therapist means finding connection and trust. For some African-American seniors living in the Bay Area, finding that therapist takes extra work. Finding someone they trust and who understands the challenges older people face is important, but African-American seniors say another major factor is that the provider understands race and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paula Marie Parker, 64, is a retired newspaper journalist. She stays active in the Oakland community as a health advocate for people of color and as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bv468eIM0dU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">storyteller\u003c/a>. Parker’s family has a history of mental health challenges, and she is particular about what she seeks in a therapist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking for somebody who is a really good listener,” Parker says. “I’m looking for somebody who is empathetic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker, who identifies as African-American with some Native American ancestry, says a therapist with an understanding of her race and culture is another requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am really focused on finding someone who’s a fit for me as a woman of color,” Parker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding a black therapist can be tough, even in a city as diverse as Oakland. According to the American Psychological Association, a little over 5 percent of working psychologists in the country are black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African-Americans, including those who are seniors, go to therapy in lower numbers compared to white people. Lack of financial resources to pay for treatment is one reason. But there’s also concern the provider won’t understand, nor empathize, with their racial and cultural experiences. Black seniors face problems in their personal lives, but social issues affect them, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“White therapists may be really great, “ Parker says. “But when you talk about the [mental] impact of worrying about black men in your family being pulled over by the police, beaten or killed — they just can’t feel it the way that somebody of an African-American background can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker bonded with her former black therapist, who was closer to middle age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would hug at the end of the session,” she recalls. “Even though she wasn’t my age, she was a woman of enough age that she understood a lot of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker is currently with a therapist who is white, whom she likes. They discussed early on Parker’s need for a therapist to understand her race and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Day one I was worried that I would scare her off,” Parker says. “But I just laid my cards out on the table. I still think that’s just the best way because she will understand why I seem skittish. I’m sizing her up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior black clients come in the door dealing with the high cost of living, homelessness, raising their grandchildren, health issues and more, according to Dr. Patricia Maul-Jones, an African-American psychotherapist who practices in the Pill Hill neighborhood, home to many Oakland hospitals and medical clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones came to this practice when there were no black therapists. She says older black clients had a hard time opening up with her white colleague. But Maul-Jones made a connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They say, ‘You know exactly where I’m coming from,’” Maul-Jones says. “Yeah I know, because that’s my uncle, that’s me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Ripple Effect of Medical Racism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones says African-American seniors have some distrust of the mental health field and remember historical incidents of medical racism like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/16/youve-got-bad-blood-the-horror-of-the-tuskegee-syphilis-experiment/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.970421a8e3dd\">Tuskegee experiment.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racial inequality in health services still exists. A 2011 \u003ca href=\"http://www.acbhcs.org/providers/QI/docs/Alameda_African_American_Utilization_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alameda County Behavioral Health Care Services report\u003c/a> said African-Americans are disproportionately misdiagnosed and labeled with mental health issues that are much more serious than their actual problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones says it’s important for providers to know and understand the history of black clients. Generations of trauma continue to affect African-Americans’ mental health, such as poverty, abuse and daily encounters with racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you were not personally traumatized, your mother probably was, your grandmother probably was, your neighbor, so you are surrounded by trauma in some form,” Maul-Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chances are there was little to no mental health support to help them recover from the trauma years ago. But some effort is being made in the field today, such as cultural trainings and classes for aspiring therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there are those who can’t or choose not to see a therapist. They may turn instead to community structures for mental health support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Anderson is one example. He’s chairman of \u003ca href=\"https://blackmenspeak.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Men Speak\u003c/a>, a group in East Oakland that spreads the word about mental health to the community. Many of the men who participate are over 50 and live with mental health challenges common in elderly populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 69 years old and I cannot work full time,” Anderson says. “I do not have the income to rent a home or even an apartment right now. I’m basically homeless, living in a room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson has been a Black Men Speak member for nearly 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black Men Speak became my lifesaver, my support group,” he says. “I have people with similar backgrounds, who share the same hopes, who have been through some of the traumatic situations. But they found a way to create something. That’s how Black Men Speak was created.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Anderson is around people who share his culture. Years ago, he had a white therapist who he says didn’t listen to him during their sessions. The therapist made an angry phone call to Anderson when he stopped using his services. It brought back memories from Anderson’s early days in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made me feel like I was down South again,” Anderson recalls. “Like the boss man was telling me what I should do and then reprimands me because I didn’t.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stopped seeing therapists after that incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes back to basically respect,” adds 63-year-old James Glenn, a member of Black Men Speak who is also a retired assistant mental health clinician. “One of the worst sins that anyone can do working with a black person is not listen to them. And I mean really empathetically listen to them. Listening not only with the words, but with the body language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many African-American seniors in California, like Joe Anderson, are from the South and still practice Southern manners. They expect a higher level of respect when speaking with them, such as the provider asking if they prefer to be called mister or miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Maul-Jones explains: “You go to therapy, walk in and a young white woman says, ‘OK John, I’ll see you.’ She says a black senior may think, ‘This white woman called me John?’ It’s uncomfortable. Now as a senior, I’m wondering if you’re disrespectful because I’m black and you’re white.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This question of disrespect may resurrect memories from a time when black people had to address white people by their last names, but white people addressed black people by their first names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, with so few black providers available, Paula Marie Parker urges seniors to remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are really good people out there, in all colors,” she says. “It might be somebody who is in a whole other packaging and yet is an old soul who can really hear you and help you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker says the lack of black therapists won’t stop her from working on healing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced with the support of a journalism fellowship from New America Media, the Gerontological Society of America and the Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Choosing the right mental health therapist means finding connection and trust. For some African-American seniors living in the Bay Area, finding that therapist takes extra work. Finding someone they trust and who understands the challenges older people face is important, but African-American seniors say another major factor is that the provider understands race and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paula Marie Parker, 64, is a retired newspaper journalist. She stays active in the Oakland community as a health advocate for people of color and as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bv468eIM0dU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">storyteller\u003c/a>. Parker’s family has a history of mental health challenges, and she is particular about what she seeks in a therapist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking for somebody who is a really good listener,” Parker says. “I’m looking for somebody who is empathetic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker, who identifies as African-American with some Native American ancestry, says a therapist with an understanding of her race and culture is another requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am really focused on finding someone who’s a fit for me as a woman of color,” Parker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding a black therapist can be tough, even in a city as diverse as Oakland. According to the American Psychological Association, a little over 5 percent of working psychologists in the country are black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African-Americans, including those who are seniors, go to therapy in lower numbers compared to white people. Lack of financial resources to pay for treatment is one reason. But there’s also concern the provider won’t understand, nor empathize, with their racial and cultural experiences. Black seniors face problems in their personal lives, but social issues affect them, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“White therapists may be really great, “ Parker says. “But when you talk about the [mental] impact of worrying about black men in your family being pulled over by the police, beaten or killed — they just can’t feel it the way that somebody of an African-American background can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker bonded with her former black therapist, who was closer to middle age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would hug at the end of the session,” she recalls. “Even though she wasn’t my age, she was a woman of enough age that she understood a lot of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker is currently with a therapist who is white, whom she likes. They discussed early on Parker’s need for a therapist to understand her race and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Day one I was worried that I would scare her off,” Parker says. “But I just laid my cards out on the table. I still think that’s just the best way because she will understand why I seem skittish. I’m sizing her up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior black clients come in the door dealing with the high cost of living, homelessness, raising their grandchildren, health issues and more, according to Dr. Patricia Maul-Jones, an African-American psychotherapist who practices in the Pill Hill neighborhood, home to many Oakland hospitals and medical clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones came to this practice when there were no black therapists. She says older black clients had a hard time opening up with her white colleague. But Maul-Jones made a connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They say, ‘You know exactly where I’m coming from,’” Maul-Jones says. “Yeah I know, because that’s my uncle, that’s me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Ripple Effect of Medical Racism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones says African-American seniors have some distrust of the mental health field and remember historical incidents of medical racism like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/16/youve-got-bad-blood-the-horror-of-the-tuskegee-syphilis-experiment/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.970421a8e3dd\">Tuskegee experiment.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racial inequality in health services still exists. A 2011 \u003ca href=\"http://www.acbhcs.org/providers/QI/docs/Alameda_African_American_Utilization_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alameda County Behavioral Health Care Services report\u003c/a> said African-Americans are disproportionately misdiagnosed and labeled with mental health issues that are much more serious than their actual problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maul-Jones says it’s important for providers to know and understand the history of black clients. Generations of trauma continue to affect African-Americans’ mental health, such as poverty, abuse and daily encounters with racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you were not personally traumatized, your mother probably was, your grandmother probably was, your neighbor, so you are surrounded by trauma in some form,” Maul-Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chances are there was little to no mental health support to help them recover from the trauma years ago. But some effort is being made in the field today, such as cultural trainings and classes for aspiring therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there are those who can’t or choose not to see a therapist. They may turn instead to community structures for mental health support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Anderson is one example. He’s chairman of \u003ca href=\"https://blackmenspeak.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Men Speak\u003c/a>, a group in East Oakland that spreads the word about mental health to the community. Many of the men who participate are over 50 and live with mental health challenges common in elderly populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 69 years old and I cannot work full time,” Anderson says. “I do not have the income to rent a home or even an apartment right now. I’m basically homeless, living in a room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson has been a Black Men Speak member for nearly 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black Men Speak became my lifesaver, my support group,” he says. “I have people with similar backgrounds, who share the same hopes, who have been through some of the traumatic situations. But they found a way to create something. That’s how Black Men Speak was created.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Anderson is around people who share his culture. Years ago, he had a white therapist who he says didn’t listen to him during their sessions. The therapist made an angry phone call to Anderson when he stopped using his services. It brought back memories from Anderson’s early days in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made me feel like I was down South again,” Anderson recalls. “Like the boss man was telling me what I should do and then reprimands me because I didn’t.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stopped seeing therapists after that incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes back to basically respect,” adds 63-year-old James Glenn, a member of Black Men Speak who is also a retired assistant mental health clinician. “One of the worst sins that anyone can do working with a black person is not listen to them. And I mean really empathetically listen to them. Listening not only with the words, but with the body language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many African-American seniors in California, like Joe Anderson, are from the South and still practice Southern manners. They expect a higher level of respect when speaking with them, such as the provider asking if they prefer to be called mister or miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Maul-Jones explains: “You go to therapy, walk in and a young white woman says, ‘OK John, I’ll see you.’ She says a black senior may think, ‘This white woman called me John?’ It’s uncomfortable. Now as a senior, I’m wondering if you’re disrespectful because I’m black and you’re white.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This question of disrespect may resurrect memories from a time when black people had to address white people by their last names, but white people addressed black people by their first names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, with so few black providers available, Paula Marie Parker urges seniors to remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are really good people out there, in all colors,” she says. “It might be somebody who is in a whole other packaging and yet is an old soul who can really hear you and help you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker says the lack of black therapists won’t stop her from working on healing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced with the support of a journalism fellowship from New America Media, the Gerontological Society of America and the Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a> that would have made California the first state to ban youth tackle football was shelved at the end of April, following major \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2018/04/27/law-to-ban-tackle-football-for-california-youth-falls-short-of-committee/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pushback\u003c/a> from parents, coaches and football fans.[contextly_sidebar id=”3BKDehAqDVxXqjXF1gjQRNg4qvtqDn2e”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers collected more than 45,000 signatures opposing the ban, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/2018/04/27/lawmakers-sideline-bill-ban-preteen-tackle-football/560916002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2018/04/27/law-to-ban-tackle-football-for-california-youth-falls-short-of-committee/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Orange County Register\u003c/a> reported …\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)he backlash was swift and unyielding. Coaches and parents flooded phone lines, email boxes and talk radio, condemning the bills and questioning the science behind them. Within weeks, three of five bills were dead or left in legislative purgatory, crushed under the weight of youth football’s influence.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I have a problem with the idea that we’re going to take kids that we already know are vulnerable, and we are gonna hit them in the head a few hundred times a year.’ \u003ccite>Christopher Nowinski, co-founder of Boston University’s CTE Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe Youth Football Act\u003c/a> would have barred children below age 12 from playing organized tackle football. The legislation was drafted in consultation with medical professionals who say the ban would protect youth from a degenerative brain disease known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20370921\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chronic traumatic encephalopathy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those views were bolstered by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm/2018/04/30/youth-tackle-football-linked-to-earlier-onset-of-cognitive-and-emotional-symptoms-in-athletes-diagnosed-with-cte-after-death/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study \u003c/a>published April 30 that found playing youth tackle football may lead to earlier onset of cognitive, behavioral and emotional symptoms in later life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Boston University School of Medicine conducted telephone interviews with the friends and relatives of 246 deceased football players and found that those who played tackle football before 12 experienced symptoms on average 13 years earlier than those who started playing at an older age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers took into account different styles of play and forms of protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took looking at 246 brains and seeing this in nearly 90 percent of them to say, ‘Hey, you know what, the research is becoming very clear, that you hit someone in the head too much, you’ll give them this disease,’ ” Christopher Nowinski, co-founder of Boston University’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bu.edu/cte/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CTE Center\u003c/a>, said on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101865041/after-california-ban-fails-controversy-persists-over-youth-tackle-football\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum program \u003c/a>last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Rafter, the president of Southern Marin Youth Football who started a group to oppose the ban, disputes those findings and says the sport is “safer than its ever been.”[contextly_sidebar id=”mIxCIh40B3GwZE3hvjgDhmoIUuc7rwZy”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to revised coaching methods and behavior modification techniques that he argues have made the sport safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game that was played 40 to 50 years ago is no longer played now,” he said. “The techniques that are taught right now in youth football across America are to take the head out of the tackle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Public Health Issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nowinski, a former football player, says changes made in the sport are not enough to make it safe for youth. The problem is not the occasional major hit to the head, he said, but the repetitive tackling, hitting and blocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the best data that we are going to have for decades, because we have taken the effort to actually build the world’s largest brain bank of former football players, and we just really struggle to find football players who don’t have CTE who’ve had long careers,” he said. “Even if we diagnose concussions, a concussion happens maybe once out of every couple thousand of times a child is hit in the head. CTE risk is related to those thousands of hits, not to that concussion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowinski says the issue is a matter of public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about protecting kids from degenerative brain disease. It’s not unlike saying, ‘Let’s take the lead out of the paint in their home because it might rot their brain.’ Let’s not hit them in the head 500 times because it might rot their brain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rafter says eliminating football will affect many children from undeserved communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[T]hey come together and experience different communities, different lifestyles through this sport,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafter said he’s received phone calls from coaches in poor neighborhoods thanking him for his efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell you I’m getting phone calls and emails from coaches in undeserved communities of Los Angeles thanking us,” he said. “Because if these boys don’t have youth sports, they will get mixed into the wrong path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowinski, however, says football is not the solution to poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a problem with the idea that we’re going to take kids that we already know are vulnerable, and we are going to hit them in the head a few hundred times a year, and open them up to this door of concussions and long-term [brain] disease,” he said. “It’s sort of doubling down on a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bill\u003c/a> that would have made California the first state to ban youth tackle football was shelved at the end of April, following major \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2018/04/27/law-to-ban-tackle-football-for-california-youth-falls-short-of-committee/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pushback\u003c/a> from parents, coaches and football fans.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers collected more than 45,000 signatures opposing the ban, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/2018/04/27/lawmakers-sideline-bill-ban-preteen-tackle-football/560916002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2018/04/27/law-to-ban-tackle-football-for-california-youth-falls-short-of-committee/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Orange County Register\u003c/a> reported …\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)he backlash was swift and unyielding. Coaches and parents flooded phone lines, email boxes and talk radio, condemning the bills and questioning the science behind them. Within weeks, three of five bills were dead or left in legislative purgatory, crushed under the weight of youth football’s influence.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I have a problem with the idea that we’re going to take kids that we already know are vulnerable, and we are gonna hit them in the head a few hundred times a year.’ \u003ccite>Christopher Nowinski, co-founder of Boston University’s CTE Center\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe Youth Football Act\u003c/a> would have barred children below age 12 from playing organized tackle football. The legislation was drafted in consultation with medical professionals who say the ban would protect youth from a degenerative brain disease known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20370921\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chronic traumatic encephalopathy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those views were bolstered by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm/2018/04/30/youth-tackle-football-linked-to-earlier-onset-of-cognitive-and-emotional-symptoms-in-athletes-diagnosed-with-cte-after-death/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study \u003c/a>published April 30 that found playing youth tackle football may lead to earlier onset of cognitive, behavioral and emotional symptoms in later life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Boston University School of Medicine conducted telephone interviews with the friends and relatives of 246 deceased football players and found that those who played tackle football before 12 experienced symptoms on average 13 years earlier than those who started playing at an older age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers took into account different styles of play and forms of protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took looking at 246 brains and seeing this in nearly 90 percent of them to say, ‘Hey, you know what, the research is becoming very clear, that you hit someone in the head too much, you’ll give them this disease,’ ” Christopher Nowinski, co-founder of Boston University’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bu.edu/cte/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CTE Center\u003c/a>, said on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101865041/after-california-ban-fails-controversy-persists-over-youth-tackle-football\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum program \u003c/a>last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Rafter, the president of Southern Marin Youth Football who started a group to oppose the ban, disputes those findings and says the sport is “safer than its ever been.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to revised coaching methods and behavior modification techniques that he argues have made the sport safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game that was played 40 to 50 years ago is no longer played now,” he said. “The techniques that are taught right now in youth football across America are to take the head out of the tackle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Public Health Issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nowinski, a former football player, says changes made in the sport are not enough to make it safe for youth. The problem is not the occasional major hit to the head, he said, but the repetitive tackling, hitting and blocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the best data that we are going to have for decades, because we have taken the effort to actually build the world’s largest brain bank of former football players, and we just really struggle to find football players who don’t have CTE who’ve had long careers,” he said. “Even if we diagnose concussions, a concussion happens maybe once out of every couple thousand of times a child is hit in the head. CTE risk is related to those thousands of hits, not to that concussion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowinski says the issue is a matter of public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about protecting kids from degenerative brain disease. It’s not unlike saying, ‘Let’s take the lead out of the paint in their home because it might rot their brain.’ Let’s not hit them in the head 500 times because it might rot their brain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rafter says eliminating football will affect many children from undeserved communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[T]hey come together and experience different communities, different lifestyles through this sport,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafter said he’s received phone calls from coaches in poor neighborhoods thanking him for his efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell you I’m getting phone calls and emails from coaches in undeserved communities of Los Angeles thanking us,” he said. “Because if these boys don’t have youth sports, they will get mixed into the wrong path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowinski, however, says football is not the solution to poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a problem with the idea that we’re going to take kids that we already know are vulnerable, and we are going to hit them in the head a few hundred times a year, and open them up to this door of concussions and long-term [brain] disease,” he said. “It’s sort of doubling down on a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When 47-year-old Edward Vega arrived in jail, he couldn’t quiet the voices in his head. He felt paranoid, as though he was losing control. “I knew if I didn’t get my medication, I was going to hurt someone,” says Vega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was right. A week after being arrested for alleged drug possession, Vega says, he assaulted a fellow inmate and ended up in isolation, which only made him feel worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, a doctor prescribed medicines that Vega says helped. He’d been taking them on the outside until he ran out — just before he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The medication hasn’t totally taken away the voices, but I am able to differentiate reality from fiction,” says Vega, who was released three months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of inmates in California who’ve been prescribed psychiatric drugs has jumped about 25 percent in five years, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/reports/PolicyBrief_PsychotropicMedications_CalHPS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> of state data. These inmates now account for about a fifth of the county jail population across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase might be a reflection of the growing number of inmates with mental illness, though it also might stem from better identification of people in need of treatment, say researchers from \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/reports/PolicyBrief_PsychotropicMedications_CalHPS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Health Policy Strategies\u003c/a>, a Sacramento-based consulting firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/amid-shortage-psychiatric-beds-mentally-ill-face-long-waits-treatment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severe shortage of psychiatric beds\u003c/a> and community-based treatment throughout the state and nation, jails have become repositories for people in the throes of acute mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of people with mental illness in jails and prisons in the U.S. is “astronomical,” says \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-romano/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael Romano\u003c/a>, director of Three Strikes & Justice Advocacy Project at Stanford Law School, who was not involved in the research. “In many ways, the whole justice system is overwhelmed with mental illness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing to the problem in California is a 2011 federal court order, and a state decision a few years later, that had unintended consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More From KQED About Mental Illness in Jails\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11107949\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Realignment 5 Years On: Counties Build Jails for Inmates With Mental Illness\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11418506/judge-threatens-to-fine-california-prisons-for-delayed-mental-health-treatment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Judge Threatens to Fine California Prisons for Delayed Mental Health Treatment\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2011/05/23/136579580/california-is-ordered-to-cut-its-prison-population\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reduce\u003c/a> the prison population because of overcrowding that the judges said constituted cruel and unusual punishment. Three years later, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/News/prop47.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a state proposition\u003c/a> reclassified some felony crimes as misdemeanors. Taken together, that led to a huge influx of offenders going to county jails instead of state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHPS analysis, based on survey data from 45 of California’s 58 counties, opens a window into how the largest state is coping with the influx.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think this is the first part of a more systematic discussion about what is going on in the jails and in the broader community with respect to mental health,” says \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/team_member/david-panush/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David Panush\u003c/a>, a co-author of the report, which was funded in part by the California Health Care Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far more people with mental illness are housed in jails and prisons than in psychiatric hospitals. Insufficient staff training and poor patient treatment have contributed to inmate suicides, self-mutilation, violence and other problems, say advocates for the mentally ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One oft-cited complaint is that inmates have poor access to psychiatric prescriptions to treat such conditions as schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jail officials in California say they are trying to better identify incarcerated people who could benefit from such drugs. The numbers suggest the strategy may be working. According to the CHPS report, an average of 13,776 inmates in the 45 California counties were on psychotropic medications in 2016-2017, up from 10,999 five years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the portion of inmates taking psychotropic medicine varies widely by county — from 8 percent in Glenn County to 32 percent in Sonoma and Napa, according to the analysis. The report is based on data from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bscc.ca.gov/m_bsccboard.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Board of State and Community Corrections\u003c/a>, an independent state agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, whose jails have been described as the largest mental institution in the country, about 30 percent of the roughly 18,000 inmates are mentally ill and most of those diagnosed are on medication, says Dr. Joseph Ortego, chief psychiatrist for correctional health services in L.A. County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although some still are missed in the screening process, he says, the county jails have improved identification and treatment of inmates and expanded staffing as part of the department’s 2015 settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice. The department had alleged inadequate mental health care and suicide prevention in the jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, medications are likely under-prescribed in jails, psychiatrists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need enough mental health professionals to treat the very large numbers of mentally ill people in jails,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Harry_Lamb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. H. Richard Lamb\u003c/a>, professor emeritus of psychiatry at the University of Southern California School of Medicine. “There probably aren’t enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the medications these doctors prescribe are a crucial aspect of treatment, Lamb says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates for the mentally ill worry that the drugs are at times prescribed inappropriately. \u003ca href=\"http://www.mhac.org/about-us/staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zima Creason\u003c/a>, president and chief executive officer of Mental Health America of California, says psychoactive medicines, though sometimes necessary, are no substitute for comprehensive care for jail inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sadly, they just throw a bunch of pills at them because there is nothing else,” she says, adding that jails should also be providing individual and group therapy, more time outside of cells and sufficient recreation time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jail is not conducive for real recovery,” Creason says. “We are never going to put a dent in the numbers unless we provide a therapeutic environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like people who live outside the correction facilities, inmates can be subject to involuntary drug treatment, officials say, but only if a court deems that step appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County jail officials, including Dr. Alfred Joshua, chief medical officer for the Sheriff’s Department in San Diego County, say the influx of mentally ill inmates and the rising need for psychotropic drugs stems from a lack of resources for patients in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they have [an] exacerbation of mental illness, they do many times come into contact with law enforcement,” Joshua says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most common charges that bring people with mental illness to jail are drug offenses and parole violations. Those who are homeless frequently get charged with panhandling, public urination and related crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to trying to improve treatment inside the jails, Los Angeles and San Diego county officials say they are working more closely with community organizations to ensure inmates with mental illness get the services they need after their release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vega says a local community group, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.neighborhoodhouse.org/#sthash.nTPgadqU.dpbs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Neighborhood House Association\u003c/a>, was able to help in his case, ensuring he got his meds and other treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without the medication,” Vega says, “I would probably be right back in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003cem> is an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan health policy research and communication organization not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente. You can follow Anna Gorman on Twitter: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/annagorman\">@annagorman\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Big Jump in Number of Inmates Prescribed Psychiatric Drugs in California | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When 47-year-old Edward Vega arrived in jail, he couldn’t quiet the voices in his head. He felt paranoid, as though he was losing control. “I knew if I didn’t get my medication, I was going to hurt someone,” says Vega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was right. A week after being arrested for alleged drug possession, Vega says, he assaulted a fellow inmate and ended up in isolation, which only made him feel worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, a doctor prescribed medicines that Vega says helped. He’d been taking them on the outside until he ran out — just before he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The medication hasn’t totally taken away the voices, but I am able to differentiate reality from fiction,” says Vega, who was released three months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of inmates in California who’ve been prescribed psychiatric drugs has jumped about 25 percent in five years, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/reports/PolicyBrief_PsychotropicMedications_CalHPS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> of state data. These inmates now account for about a fifth of the county jail population across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase might be a reflection of the growing number of inmates with mental illness, though it also might stem from better identification of people in need of treatment, say researchers from \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/reports/PolicyBrief_PsychotropicMedications_CalHPS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Health Policy Strategies\u003c/a>, a Sacramento-based consulting firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/amid-shortage-psychiatric-beds-mentally-ill-face-long-waits-treatment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severe shortage of psychiatric beds\u003c/a> and community-based treatment throughout the state and nation, jails have become repositories for people in the throes of acute mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of people with mental illness in jails and prisons in the U.S. is “astronomical,” says \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-romano/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael Romano\u003c/a>, director of Three Strikes & Justice Advocacy Project at Stanford Law School, who was not involved in the research. “In many ways, the whole justice system is overwhelmed with mental illness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing to the problem in California is a 2011 federal court order, and a state decision a few years later, that had unintended consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More From KQED About Mental Illness in Jails\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11107949\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Realignment 5 Years On: Counties Build Jails for Inmates With Mental Illness\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11418506/judge-threatens-to-fine-california-prisons-for-delayed-mental-health-treatment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Judge Threatens to Fine California Prisons for Delayed Mental Health Treatment\u003c/a>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2011/05/23/136579580/california-is-ordered-to-cut-its-prison-population\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reduce\u003c/a> the prison population because of overcrowding that the judges said constituted cruel and unusual punishment. Three years later, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/News/prop47.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a state proposition\u003c/a> reclassified some felony crimes as misdemeanors. Taken together, that led to a huge influx of offenders going to county jails instead of state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHPS analysis, based on survey data from 45 of California’s 58 counties, opens a window into how the largest state is coping with the influx.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think this is the first part of a more systematic discussion about what is going on in the jails and in the broader community with respect to mental health,” says \u003ca href=\"http://calhps.com/team_member/david-panush/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David Panush\u003c/a>, a co-author of the report, which was funded in part by the California Health Care Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far more people with mental illness are housed in jails and prisons than in psychiatric hospitals. Insufficient staff training and poor patient treatment have contributed to inmate suicides, self-mutilation, violence and other problems, say advocates for the mentally ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One oft-cited complaint is that inmates have poor access to psychiatric prescriptions to treat such conditions as schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jail officials in California say they are trying to better identify incarcerated people who could benefit from such drugs. The numbers suggest the strategy may be working. According to the CHPS report, an average of 13,776 inmates in the 45 California counties were on psychotropic medications in 2016-2017, up from 10,999 five years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the portion of inmates taking psychotropic medicine varies widely by county — from 8 percent in Glenn County to 32 percent in Sonoma and Napa, according to the analysis. The report is based on data from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bscc.ca.gov/m_bsccboard.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Board of State and Community Corrections\u003c/a>, an independent state agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, whose jails have been described as the largest mental institution in the country, about 30 percent of the roughly 18,000 inmates are mentally ill and most of those diagnosed are on medication, says Dr. Joseph Ortego, chief psychiatrist for correctional health services in L.A. County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although some still are missed in the screening process, he says, the county jails have improved identification and treatment of inmates and expanded staffing as part of the department’s 2015 settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice. The department had alleged inadequate mental health care and suicide prevention in the jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, medications are likely under-prescribed in jails, psychiatrists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need enough mental health professionals to treat the very large numbers of mentally ill people in jails,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Harry_Lamb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. H. Richard Lamb\u003c/a>, professor emeritus of psychiatry at the University of Southern California School of Medicine. “There probably aren’t enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the medications these doctors prescribe are a crucial aspect of treatment, Lamb says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates for the mentally ill worry that the drugs are at times prescribed inappropriately. \u003ca href=\"http://www.mhac.org/about-us/staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zima Creason\u003c/a>, president and chief executive officer of Mental Health America of California, says psychoactive medicines, though sometimes necessary, are no substitute for comprehensive care for jail inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sadly, they just throw a bunch of pills at them because there is nothing else,” she says, adding that jails should also be providing individual and group therapy, more time outside of cells and sufficient recreation time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jail is not conducive for real recovery,” Creason says. “We are never going to put a dent in the numbers unless we provide a therapeutic environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like people who live outside the correction facilities, inmates can be subject to involuntary drug treatment, officials say, but only if a court deems that step appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County jail officials, including Dr. Alfred Joshua, chief medical officer for the Sheriff’s Department in San Diego County, say the influx of mentally ill inmates and the rising need for psychotropic drugs stems from a lack of resources for patients in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they have [an] exacerbation of mental illness, they do many times come into contact with law enforcement,” Joshua says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most common charges that bring people with mental illness to jail are drug offenses and parole violations. Those who are homeless frequently get charged with panhandling, public urination and related crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to trying to improve treatment inside the jails, Los Angeles and San Diego county officials say they are working more closely with community organizations to ensure inmates with mental illness get the services they need after their release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vega says a local community group, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.neighborhoodhouse.org/#sthash.nTPgadqU.dpbs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Neighborhood House Association\u003c/a>, was able to help in his case, ensuring he got his meds and other treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without the medication,” Vega says, “I would probably be right back in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003cem> is an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan health policy research and communication organization not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente. You can follow Anna Gorman on Twitter: \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/annagorman\">@annagorman\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "fremont-ends-sex-ed-for-fourth-through-six-graders-after-curriculum-controversy",
"title": "Fremont Ends Sex Ed for Fourth Through Six Graders After Curriculum Controversy",
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"headTitle": "Fremont Ends Sex Ed for Fourth Through Six Graders After Curriculum Controversy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated Thursday, May 24, 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early this morning, the Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted 3-2 to approve the re-introduction of sex ed in 6th grade, under the new curriculum. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There still remains no sex ed in 4th and 5th grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to add comments from U.S. Rep. Ro Khanna. You can listen to a version of this story on The Bay podcast. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/thebaykqed\">Click here to subscribe.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teaching of sex ed in fourth through sixth grades has been eliminated in the city of Fremont after months of controversy over a proposed new curriculum to comply with state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted 3-2 early Thursday to scrap the sex education program for fourth through sixth graders. Controversial content included addressing the emotional aspects of sex and sexual activity; the possibility that as adults, people may have more than one sexual partner; and inclusive LGBTQ lessons, like on transgender individuals and gender fluidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up until the vote, sex ed had been taught in Fremont schools to fifth and sixth graders since the 1980s, and to fourth graders since 2011. The board approved the update to sex ed in seventh through ninth grades, which they were essentially required to do to comply with the 2016 California Healthy Youth Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority of people here wanted to have sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grade,” said school board member Larry Sweeney, who voted against the new sex ed instruction. “We just couldn’t agree on the content, so the consequence is now there’s no sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of parents, along with some teachers and current and former students, flooded four Fremont Unified school board meetings in the past two months, deeply divided over how to teach students as young as fourth grade about sex and sexuality. Amid the dispute, some opponents and supporters have lodged accusations of racism, homophobia and transphobia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My religion prescribes that all human beings are created in the image of God, and gender is an essential characteristic of individual identity and purpose,” said parent Teri Topham, who opposed the new curriculum because she felt it told young children that they could choose their gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want your children to follow your value system,” she said. “And the burden lies with education system to be as careful as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pediatrician and Fremont parent Sonia Khan said educators should follow the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very difficult to deal with the idea that there’s a large volume of people who feel that their opinions are as valid as facts,” Khan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an American Muslim, Khan said she was sensitive to diverse religious beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s distressing to me to see parents of socially conservative — with a small c — background, not appreciate that what they are trying to dispense with is a critical tool for their own children to maintain the kind of abstinence that they are proponents of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said she was also concerned by the spread of misinformation in the debate, including some more explicit imagery and language being presented as part of the lesson plan — when it was suggested material for parents — not children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sex ed was a “critical tool that’s being dispensed with in the political fight and the belief that somehow there are liberals out there who are trying to sexualize your children,” Khan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. congressman for the area, Rep. Ro Khanna, decried the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repercussions of this are drastic: the board not only voted to reject CHYA compliant education but eliminated any sexual education for children at all,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/posts/1725648827481420\">post on Facebook\u003c/a>. “Sex education is critical for the safety of individuals of all ages, and this policy will silence voices, put students in danger, and increase overall risk in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents had objected to specific teachings, like one in the \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1QNuOG2u2oPVzM0b3J4MlJheWc/view\">grade six curriculum\u003c/a> that detailed a couple who are dating and making out: The boy lifts up the girls shirt to touch her breast. She pulls her shirt back down and keeps kissing him, but as he keeps pressuring her for more, she says “no” and leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Vijay Ghanta said that example was too explicit for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teaching appropriate sexual behaviour starts at home,” Ghanta said, adding that he believed a loving and respectful relationship should be modeled by parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son might see me and my wife argue and fight, but he also sees us get together at the end of the day and talk our differences out. Where is that being shown?” he asked of the new curriculum. “Only thing that is shown here is how to act in a sexually explicit fashion, which is wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified teacher Sherea Westra said the contested sixth grade teaching taught a necessary lesson about consent that is now more important than ever in this #MeToo moment: “You can’t say you have to wait until they are in college to get this information — or even high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And if they are not getting it,” she added, “they are going to go elsewhere and get inappropriate information or misinformation, and then we are going to be in they cycle we’ve been in for years where there is tons of sexual harassment and abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of students were on board with the proposed sex ed plan and attended school board meetings to show their support, including LGBTQ teens who said they’d been bullied because of a lack of awareness around gender and sexual identities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leena Yin, a Fremont schools graduate who teaches sexual health in the East Bay, presented a petition to the board with more than 1,000 signatures from students who supported the new sex ed curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that what is best for the students and what the students are asking for was ignored is the most frustrating part of this whole process,” Yin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the vote, the school board said it would convene a panel of parents and experts to try to reach a consensus on sex ed instruction that respects the beliefs of parents and adheres to state standards for next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2015/sex-ed-to-become-mandatory-in-grades-7-12-in-california/88248\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/a> set some of the most progressive sex ed requirements in the country: The curriculum includes instruction on same-sex relationships and different gender identities, with additional lessons on consent and sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law makes sexual education a requirement starting in seventh grade. When sex ed is taught at earlier ages, the law requires those lessons follow state guidelines. That’s what Fremont Unified did when they drafted the new lesson plans for fourth through sixth grade, said Denise Herrmann, associate superintendent of instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we used is the document that’s published by the state of California, that’s endorsed by pediatricians and by experts on puberty, health and development, to help us make those grade level placements,” Herrmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Bay Area school districts have had challenges implementing the new law, too: Last year, the nearby Cupertino Union School District backed off of making a \u003ca href=\"https://www.refinery29.com/2017/04/148151/cupertino-school-district-sex-ed-protest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">similar update\u003c/a> to its curriculum after a debate like the one in Fremont erupted.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated Thursday, May 24, 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early this morning, the Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted 3-2 to approve the re-introduction of sex ed in 6th grade, under the new curriculum. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There still remains no sex ed in 4th and 5th grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to add comments from U.S. Rep. Ro Khanna. You can listen to a version of this story on The Bay podcast. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/thebaykqed\">Click here to subscribe.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teaching of sex ed in fourth through sixth grades has been eliminated in the city of Fremont after months of controversy over a proposed new curriculum to comply with state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted 3-2 early Thursday to scrap the sex education program for fourth through sixth graders. Controversial content included addressing the emotional aspects of sex and sexual activity; the possibility that as adults, people may have more than one sexual partner; and inclusive LGBTQ lessons, like on transgender individuals and gender fluidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up until the vote, sex ed had been taught in Fremont schools to fifth and sixth graders since the 1980s, and to fourth graders since 2011. The board approved the update to sex ed in seventh through ninth grades, which they were essentially required to do to comply with the 2016 California Healthy Youth Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority of people here wanted to have sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grade,” said school board member Larry Sweeney, who voted against the new sex ed instruction. “We just couldn’t agree on the content, so the consequence is now there’s no sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of parents, along with some teachers and current and former students, flooded four Fremont Unified school board meetings in the past two months, deeply divided over how to teach students as young as fourth grade about sex and sexuality. Amid the dispute, some opponents and supporters have lodged accusations of racism, homophobia and transphobia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My religion prescribes that all human beings are created in the image of God, and gender is an essential characteristic of individual identity and purpose,” said parent Teri Topham, who opposed the new curriculum because she felt it told young children that they could choose their gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want your children to follow your value system,” she said. “And the burden lies with education system to be as careful as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pediatrician and Fremont parent Sonia Khan said educators should follow the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very difficult to deal with the idea that there’s a large volume of people who feel that their opinions are as valid as facts,” Khan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an American Muslim, Khan said she was sensitive to diverse religious beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s distressing to me to see parents of socially conservative — with a small c — background, not appreciate that what they are trying to dispense with is a critical tool for their own children to maintain the kind of abstinence that they are proponents of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said she was also concerned by the spread of misinformation in the debate, including some more explicit imagery and language being presented as part of the lesson plan — when it was suggested material for parents — not children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sex ed was a “critical tool that’s being dispensed with in the political fight and the belief that somehow there are liberals out there who are trying to sexualize your children,” Khan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. congressman for the area, Rep. Ro Khanna, decried the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repercussions of this are drastic: the board not only voted to reject CHYA compliant education but eliminated any sexual education for children at all,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/posts/1725648827481420\">post on Facebook\u003c/a>. “Sex education is critical for the safety of individuals of all ages, and this policy will silence voices, put students in danger, and increase overall risk in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents had objected to specific teachings, like one in the \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1QNuOG2u2oPVzM0b3J4MlJheWc/view\">grade six curriculum\u003c/a> that detailed a couple who are dating and making out: The boy lifts up the girls shirt to touch her breast. She pulls her shirt back down and keeps kissing him, but as he keeps pressuring her for more, she says “no” and leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Vijay Ghanta said that example was too explicit for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teaching appropriate sexual behaviour starts at home,” Ghanta said, adding that he believed a loving and respectful relationship should be modeled by parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son might see me and my wife argue and fight, but he also sees us get together at the end of the day and talk our differences out. Where is that being shown?” he asked of the new curriculum. “Only thing that is shown here is how to act in a sexually explicit fashion, which is wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified teacher Sherea Westra said the contested sixth grade teaching taught a necessary lesson about consent that is now more important than ever in this #MeToo moment: “You can’t say you have to wait until they are in college to get this information — or even high school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And if they are not getting it,” she added, “they are going to go elsewhere and get inappropriate information or misinformation, and then we are going to be in they cycle we’ve been in for years where there is tons of sexual harassment and abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of students were on board with the proposed sex ed plan and attended school board meetings to show their support, including LGBTQ teens who said they’d been bullied because of a lack of awareness around gender and sexual identities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leena Yin, a Fremont schools graduate who teaches sexual health in the East Bay, presented a petition to the board with more than 1,000 signatures from students who supported the new sex ed curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that what is best for the students and what the students are asking for was ignored is the most frustrating part of this whole process,” Yin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the vote, the school board said it would convene a panel of parents and experts to try to reach a consensus on sex ed instruction that respects the beliefs of parents and adheres to state standards for next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2015/sex-ed-to-become-mandatory-in-grades-7-12-in-california/88248\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/a> set some of the most progressive sex ed requirements in the country: The curriculum includes instruction on same-sex relationships and different gender identities, with additional lessons on consent and sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law makes sexual education a requirement starting in seventh grade. When sex ed is taught at earlier ages, the law requires those lessons follow state guidelines. That’s what Fremont Unified did when they drafted the new lesson plans for fourth through sixth grade, said Denise Herrmann, associate superintendent of instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we used is the document that’s published by the state of California, that’s endorsed by pediatricians and by experts on puberty, health and development, to help us make those grade level placements,” Herrmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Bay Area school districts have had challenges implementing the new law, too: Last year, the nearby Cupertino Union School District backed off of making a \u003ca href=\"https://www.refinery29.com/2017/04/148151/cupertino-school-district-sex-ed-protest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">similar update\u003c/a> to its curriculum after a debate like the one in Fremont erupted.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefremontsexed\">battle over sex ed is roiling Fremont\u003c/a> over how the Fremont Unified School District should or should not teach students about sex and sexuality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tempers are high as some parents think teaching sex education beginning in fourth grade is inappropriate, while others think it is essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board is attempting to update its sex ed curriculum to be in compliance with the California Healthy Youth Act, one of the most progressive set of sex ed requirements in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents can opt their kids out of the sex education course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefremontsexed\">battle over sex ed is roiling Fremont\u003c/a> over how the Fremont Unified School District should or should not teach students about sex and sexuality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tempers are high as some parents think teaching sex education beginning in fourth grade is inappropriate, while others think it is essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board is attempting to update its sex ed curriculum to be in compliance with the California Healthy Youth Act, one of the most progressive set of sex ed requirements in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents can opt their kids out of the sex education course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The first death has been reported in a national food poisoning outbreak linked to romaine lettuce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death was reported in California, but state and federal health officials did not provide any other details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated its numbers on the outbreak Wednesday, revealing that 121 people had gotten sick in 25 states. At least 52 people have been hospitalized, including 14 with kidney failure, which is an unusually high number of hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC also added Kentucky, Massachusetts and Utah to the states with reported cases. There were 24 reported cases in California, officials there said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials have tied the E. coli outbreak to romaine lettuce grown in Yuma, Arizona, which provides most of the romaine sold in the U.S. during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing season in Yuma ended about a month ago, said the University of Arizona’s Russell Engel, the director of Yuma County’s cooperative extension service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if no one is eating tainted lettuce now, case counts may still rise because there’s a lag in reporting. The first illnesses occurred in March, and the most recent began on April 21, the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most E. coli bacteria are not harmful, but some produce toxins that can cause severe illness. People who get sick from toxin-producing E. coli come down with symptoms about three to four days after swallowing the germ, with many suffering bloody diarrhea, severe stomach cramps and vomiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people recover within a week, but some illnesses can last longer and be more severe.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first death has been reported in a national food poisoning outbreak linked to romaine lettuce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death was reported in California, but state and federal health officials did not provide any other details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated its numbers on the outbreak Wednesday, revealing that 121 people had gotten sick in 25 states. At least 52 people have been hospitalized, including 14 with kidney failure, which is an unusually high number of hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC also added Kentucky, Massachusetts and Utah to the states with reported cases. There were 24 reported cases in California, officials there said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials have tied the E. coli outbreak to romaine lettuce grown in Yuma, Arizona, which provides most of the romaine sold in the U.S. during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing season in Yuma ended about a month ago, said the University of Arizona’s Russell Engel, the director of Yuma County’s cooperative extension service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if no one is eating tainted lettuce now, case counts may still rise because there’s a lag in reporting. The first illnesses occurred in March, and the most recent began on April 21, the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most E. coli bacteria are not harmful, but some produce toxins that can cause severe illness. People who get sick from toxin-producing E. coli come down with symptoms about three to four days after swallowing the germ, with many suffering bloody diarrhea, severe stomach cramps and vomiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people recover within a week, but some illnesses can last longer and be more severe.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci>This story has been updated with the school board vote early Thursday and to add comments\u003cem> from U.S. Rep. Ro Khanna\u003c/em>. You can listen to a version of this story on The Bay podcast. \u003c/i>\u003ca style=\"font-style: italic\" href=\"http://bit.ly/thebaykqed\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teaching of sex ed in fourth through sixth grades has been eliminated in the city of Fremont after months of controversy over a proposed new curriculum to comply with state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted early Thursday to scrap the sex ed program for fourth through sixth graders. Controversial content included addressing the emotional aspects of sex and sexual activity; the possibility that as adults, people may have more than one sexual partner; and inclusive LGBTQ lessons, like on transgender individuals and gender fluidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up until the vote, sex ed had been taught in Fremont schools to fifth and sixth graders since the 1980s, and to fourth graders since 2011. The board approved the update to sex ed in seventh through ninth grades — which they were essentially required to do to comply with the California Healthy Youth Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority of people here wanted to have sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grade,” said school board member Larry Sweeney, who voted against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.boarddocs.com/ca/fremont/Board.nsf/public\">new sex ed instruction\u003c/a>. “We just couldn’t agree on the content so the consequence is now there’s no sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of parents, along with some teachers and current and former students, have flooded four Fremont Unified school board meetings in the past two months, deeply divided over how to teach students as young as fourth grade about sex and sexuality. Amid the dispute, some opponents and supporters have lodged accusations of racism, homophobia and transphobia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This curriculum strives to combat and confront things like sexual assault and bigotry,” said a supporter, parent Pallavi Somusetty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s too much details for them to digest,” countered Sunitha Devi Gopalan, a parent opposing the new instruction. “It’s actually going to kill their innocence, that’s what I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leena Yin, a Fremont schools graduate who teaches sexual health in the East Bay, had presented to the board a petition with more than 1,000 signatures from students who supported the new sex ed curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that what is best for the students and what the students are asking for was ignored is the most frustrating part of this whole process,” Yin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666223/fremont-ends-sex-ed-for-fourth-through-six-graders-after-curriculum-controversy\">Following the vote\u003c/a>, the school board said it would convene a panel of parents and experts to try to reach a consensus on a sex ed curriculum that respects the beliefs of parents and adheres to state standards for next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. congressman for the area, Rep. Ro Khanna, decried the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repercussions of this are drastic: the board not only voted to reject CHYA compliant education but eliminated any sexual education for children at all,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/posts/1725648827481420\">post on Facebook\u003c/a>. “Sex education is critical for the safety of individuals of all ages, and this policy will silence voices, put students in danger, and increase overall risk in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reaching Compliance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rolled out in 2016, the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2015/sex-ed-to-become-mandatory-in-grades-7-12-in-california/88248\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a> set some of the most progressive sex ed requirements in the country: The curriculum includes instruction on same-sex relationships and different gender identities, with additional lessons on consent and sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law makes sexual education a requirement starting in seventh grade. When sex ed is taught at earlier ages, the law requires those lessons follow state guidelines. That’s what Fremont Unified did when they drafted the new lesson plans for fourth through sixth grade, said Denise Herrmann, associate superintendent of instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we used is the document that’s published by the state of California, that’s endorsed by pediatricians and by experts on puberty health and development, to help us make those grade level placements,” Herrmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School board members had appeared divided over the issue, too, with some seeming to lean toward supporting parental control and others stressing the need for comprehensive sex ed. Many of the board members expressed hope they could find a viable compromise, but as tensions had flared, that had seemed less and less likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are elected by us, the parents in this room, not by social justice warriors, who aggressively promote their ideological agendas,” one parent, Tony Szu, told the school board at its April meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Bay Area school districts have had challenges implementing the new law, too: Last year, the nearby Cupertino Union School District backed off of making a \u003ca href=\"https://www.refinery29.com/2017/04/148151/cupertino-school-district-sex-ed-protest\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">similar update\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to its curriculum after a debate like the one in Fremont erupted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Very Inappropriate’? Or, ‘We Shouldn’t Turn a Blind Eye’?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666259\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11666259\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30657_Fremont_SD-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents and students at a Fremont school board meeting debating sex ed on Wednesday, May 2, 2018. \u003ccite>(Sandhya Dirks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents like Danny Hsu said Fremont schools had crossed a line with the new sex ed proposal. His son, who is in fifth grade, was too young for these explicit details, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the stuff that they talk about is, in my opinion, very, very inappropriate,” Hsu said. “In fourth grade, they are going to start talking about erections, they are going to talk about wet dreams. In fifth grade, they actually talk about if the male and female have sexual intercourse then the penis is inserted into the vagina.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though parents could opt their kids out of the course, students can find out what is being taught, said Sylvia Wong, whose daughter is in sixth grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She told me one day, ‘Mom, I know all these things already. Because kids who attended the class talk about things like, it’s so gross, that just took away my innocence,’” Wong said. “When I heard that I was really angry. Because you think that you can opt out and protect your child, and raise her up in a more traditional and conservative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They even talk about love-making positions,” she added. “They talk about sexual intercourse, anal sex. These things, I’m even ashamed to talk about it. I’m 45 years old, I don’t want my 10-year-old girl to be involved in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the new sex ed curriculum said talking about sex early can decrease sexual activity among young people. Pallavi Somusetty, who grew up attending Fremont public schools, said she wishes she had sex ed instruction earlier and she wants it for her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sex ed happened two years too late for me” — two years, she said, after she got her period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lessons about consent, included in the new curriculum, came far too late for her best friend, who she said was sexually abused by a South Asian Fremont man in the 1990s. Somusetty said lessons about good touch and bad touch, far from stealing her friend’s innocence, might have protected it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We shouldn’t turn a blind eye to these things, just because a minority of parents, some from my own South Asian community, want to pretend that they don’t exist,” Somusetty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has Racism Entered the Debate?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large majority of parents protesting the new sex ed curriculum were South Asian-American or Chinese-American. About 70 percent of students in the Fremont Unified School District are of Asian descent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the debate has grown more heated, parent Annie He said she was “starting to fear (for) my family’s safety.” She said a post on a public forum about the sex ed instruction attacked “third world style people” for creating taboos about sex ed. As a Chinese immigrant, she said she felt it was a direct attack against her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am highly educated,” Annie He said. She thinks racism has taken over the debate, and singled out South Asian-American and Chinese-American parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents like Annie He said they weren’t opposed to sex education. But they fear this curriculum teaches kids too much, too soon. “We just want to protect our children,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘I Wish Sex Ed Was Made Available to the Parents Here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659026\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659026\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sameer Jha and his mother, Charmaine Hussain, at the Fremont Unified School District Board meeting \u003ccite>(Sandhya Dirks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another key part of the debate has been including topics about the LGBTQ community — like diverse sexual and gender identities — in the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cadiversityconference.com/2018/norcal/bio-sameer-jha.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sameer Jha\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, 16, joined the board meetings with his mom to back inclusive sex ed instruction. Jha said he was bullied constantly in elementary and middle school in Fremont for being feminine and for acting and looking different. It wasn’t until after he left Fremont Unified, and started to commute to a private high school in Oakland, that he could come out to his parents and friends as queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very scary,” he said. “Being LGBTQ plus was seen as taboo and I was the first person to come out in my local South Asian community here in Fremont.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, his mother said she had a hard time with his identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had so many fears, so many biases,” Charmaine Hussain said. “There’s so much stigma in our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Hussain is her son’s biggest cheerleader. As a Pakistani immigrant, she said she had to learn what it meant to be queer. Before her son came out, she said, “I didn’t even know that word existed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish sex ed was made available to the parents here,” she said. “I look at the sea of parents who are here in opposition because they’re so fearful of diversity and it makes me really realize how important what my son is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jha said one of the reasons the inclusive sex ed curriculum is so important is to have kids talk about sexuality — queer and otherwise. He said lessons like this may have prevented his being bullied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents opposed to the new curriculum said they didn’t want their kids to be taught about sexual and gender identity, while others said they didn’t want to exclude these topics but felt it was too early for their kids to learn about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Taft Ding said he worried about language in the curriculum telling fourth graders they get to decide who they are — echoing the concerns some parents had about lessons on transgender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To tell a girl, an innocent girl, that she is a boy, is evil,” Ding said. “It’s more than wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents like Salil Joshi said his objections had nothing to do with excluding the LGBTQ community — it’s the content matter that concerns him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the seventh grade there is a possibility that oral and anal sex may be discussed in class, I don’t understand why that is necessary,” Joshi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about this objection to the curriculum, Anthony Prickett, a former Fremont student who has returned to support the sex ed update said, “That is how queer people have sex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Hate Group Involved?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative from \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Pacific Justice Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a> (PJI), which has been labeled a hate group by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Southern Poverty Law Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a> for its anti-gay rhetoric and support of gay conversion therapy, has joined some of the school board meetings\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PJI President Brad Dacus said his group got involved when a parent reached out to them with concerns over the new curriculum. Dacus, who said PJI isn’t a hate group, told KQED that they are concerned with parental rights and freedom of speech and religion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dacus said his group was monitoring the discussion and awaiting the school board’s decision. PJI has previously weighed in on various school debates in the Bay Area: It took credit for convincing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/press-releases/pji-convinces-school-district-to-wait-with-regard-to-sex-ed-curriculum\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cupertino Union School District\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to hold off on their sex ed curriculum update last year. And, in Alameda County in 2009, PJI fought against anti-bullying lessons in school, lessons they refer to on their website as part of a \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/press-releases/parents-take-a-beating-from-school-district-court-in-anti-bullying-case\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pro-homosexual” curriculum\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/healthlearning/reproductivehealth/sexual-health-education/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACLU of Northern California\u003c/span>\u003c/a> has been watching the sex ed debate, too, on the side supporting the new curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Debates over acceptance of LGBTQ people aren’t new to Fremont — nor are heated school board meetings. In 2010, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2010/05/14/fremont-school-board-draws-ire-for-postponing-harvey-milk-day-recognition/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">parents protested\u003c/span>\u003c/a> over the creation of a Harvey Milk Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Jones Larisch, an 18 year old who identifies as a non-binary transgender person, has been coming to Fremont school board meetings since they were young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been booed when I’ve gone up and talked about my identity, and I’ve been bullied in school because of my identity,” Jones Larisch said. “It is really devastating going through high school in this area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Harvey Milk controversy flared, they remember a sign someone held up reading: “Milk was a pervert.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But things are getting better, Jones Larisch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board meetings used to be more hostile than they are right now,” Jones Larisch said. “Though it’s not perfect, the climate in that room has changed significantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘These Are Very Curious Minds’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Mina Naveed said she liked the current curriculum but is worried that the new one would teach kids about more than puberty: It would teach them to have sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are very curious minds,” she said. She described her daughter as always wanting to try the experiments she learns in science class at home. “So imagine they are learning about oral sex and anal sex in classrooms, and then they are going out to experiment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it is precisely because kids have curious minds that they should be taught about sex by trained professionals, said Yasi Safinya-Davies, executive director of Safe Alternatives to Violent Environments, or \u003ca href=\"http://save-dv.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SAVE\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a Fremont-based nonprofit that provides support to victims of domestic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a single parent in this room who knows what it’s like to grow up and have a curiosity about your body and type that into a Google search,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All kids now live in the age of the internet, which doesn’t teach consent, but is just a click away from porn, said Safinya-Davies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her group works with a lot of young people who tell her, “We don’t have adults in our lives who are having earnest, open conversations about our relationships, about our sexuality,” she said. “We didn’t even know what consent was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a parent, she is sympathetic with the opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I absolutely understand the concern that parents have around this curriculum,” she said. “Because if you didn’t grow up learning about your sexuality, and certainly not in a comprehensive way, this is all new.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>This story has been updated with the school board vote early Thursday and to add comments\u003cem> from U.S. Rep. Ro Khanna\u003c/em>. You can listen to a version of this story on The Bay podcast. \u003c/i>\u003ca style=\"font-style: italic\" href=\"http://bit.ly/thebaykqed\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>\u003ci>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teaching of sex ed in fourth through sixth grades has been eliminated in the city of Fremont after months of controversy over a proposed new curriculum to comply with state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fremont Unified School District Board of Education voted early Thursday to scrap the sex ed program for fourth through sixth graders. Controversial content included addressing the emotional aspects of sex and sexual activity; the possibility that as adults, people may have more than one sexual partner; and inclusive LGBTQ lessons, like on transgender individuals and gender fluidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up until the vote, sex ed had been taught in Fremont schools to fifth and sixth graders since the 1980s, and to fourth graders since 2011. The board approved the update to sex ed in seventh through ninth grades — which they were essentially required to do to comply with the California Healthy Youth Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority of people here wanted to have sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grade,” said school board member Larry Sweeney, who voted against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.boarddocs.com/ca/fremont/Board.nsf/public\">new sex ed instruction\u003c/a>. “We just couldn’t agree on the content so the consequence is now there’s no sex education for fourth, fifth and sixth grades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of parents, along with some teachers and current and former students, have flooded four Fremont Unified school board meetings in the past two months, deeply divided over how to teach students as young as fourth grade about sex and sexuality. Amid the dispute, some opponents and supporters have lodged accusations of racism, homophobia and transphobia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This curriculum strives to combat and confront things like sexual assault and bigotry,” said a supporter, parent Pallavi Somusetty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s too much details for them to digest,” countered Sunitha Devi Gopalan, a parent opposing the new instruction. “It’s actually going to kill their innocence, that’s what I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leena Yin, a Fremont schools graduate who teaches sexual health in the East Bay, had presented to the board a petition with more than 1,000 signatures from students who supported the new sex ed curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that what is best for the students and what the students are asking for was ignored is the most frustrating part of this whole process,” Yin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11666223/fremont-ends-sex-ed-for-fourth-through-six-graders-after-curriculum-controversy\">Following the vote\u003c/a>, the school board said it would convene a panel of parents and experts to try to reach a consensus on a sex ed curriculum that respects the beliefs of parents and adheres to state standards for next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. congressman for the area, Rep. Ro Khanna, decried the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repercussions of this are drastic: the board not only voted to reject CHYA compliant education but eliminated any sexual education for children at all,” he said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/posts/1725648827481420\">post on Facebook\u003c/a>. “Sex education is critical for the safety of individuals of all ages, and this policy will silence voices, put students in danger, and increase overall risk in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reaching Compliance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rolled out in 2016, the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2015/sex-ed-to-become-mandatory-in-grades-7-12-in-california/88248\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a> set some of the most progressive sex ed requirements in the country: The curriculum includes instruction on same-sex relationships and different gender identities, with additional lessons on consent and sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law makes sexual education a requirement starting in seventh grade. When sex ed is taught at earlier ages, the law requires those lessons follow state guidelines. That’s what Fremont Unified did when they drafted the new lesson plans for fourth through sixth grade, said Denise Herrmann, associate superintendent of instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we used is the document that’s published by the state of California, that’s endorsed by pediatricians and by experts on puberty health and development, to help us make those grade level placements,” Herrmann said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School board members had appeared divided over the issue, too, with some seeming to lean toward supporting parental control and others stressing the need for comprehensive sex ed. Many of the board members expressed hope they could find a viable compromise, but as tensions had flared, that had seemed less and less likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are elected by us, the parents in this room, not by social justice warriors, who aggressively promote their ideological agendas,” one parent, Tony Szu, told the school board at its April meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Bay Area school districts have had challenges implementing the new law, too: Last year, the nearby Cupertino Union School District backed off of making a \u003ca href=\"https://www.refinery29.com/2017/04/148151/cupertino-school-district-sex-ed-protest\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">similar update\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to its curriculum after a debate like the one in Fremont erupted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Very Inappropriate’? Or, ‘We Shouldn’t Turn a Blind Eye’?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11666259\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11666259\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30657_Fremont_SD-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents and students at a Fremont school board meeting debating sex ed on Wednesday, May 2, 2018. \u003ccite>(Sandhya Dirks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents like Danny Hsu said Fremont schools had crossed a line with the new sex ed proposal. His son, who is in fifth grade, was too young for these explicit details, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the stuff that they talk about is, in my opinion, very, very inappropriate,” Hsu said. “In fourth grade, they are going to start talking about erections, they are going to talk about wet dreams. In fifth grade, they actually talk about if the male and female have sexual intercourse then the penis is inserted into the vagina.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though parents could opt their kids out of the course, students can find out what is being taught, said Sylvia Wong, whose daughter is in sixth grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She told me one day, ‘Mom, I know all these things already. Because kids who attended the class talk about things like, it’s so gross, that just took away my innocence,’” Wong said. “When I heard that I was really angry. Because you think that you can opt out and protect your child, and raise her up in a more traditional and conservative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They even talk about love-making positions,” she added. “They talk about sexual intercourse, anal sex. These things, I’m even ashamed to talk about it. I’m 45 years old, I don’t want my 10-year-old girl to be involved in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the new sex ed curriculum said talking about sex early can decrease sexual activity among young people. Pallavi Somusetty, who grew up attending Fremont public schools, said she wishes she had sex ed instruction earlier and she wants it for her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sex ed happened two years too late for me” — two years, she said, after she got her period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lessons about consent, included in the new curriculum, came far too late for her best friend, who she said was sexually abused by a South Asian Fremont man in the 1990s. Somusetty said lessons about good touch and bad touch, far from stealing her friend’s innocence, might have protected it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We shouldn’t turn a blind eye to these things, just because a minority of parents, some from my own South Asian community, want to pretend that they don’t exist,” Somusetty said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has Racism Entered the Debate?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large majority of parents protesting the new sex ed curriculum were South Asian-American or Chinese-American. About 70 percent of students in the Fremont Unified School District are of Asian descent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the debate has grown more heated, parent Annie He said she was “starting to fear (for) my family’s safety.” She said a post on a public forum about the sex ed instruction attacked “third world style people” for creating taboos about sex ed. As a Chinese immigrant, she said she felt it was a direct attack against her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am highly educated,” Annie He said. She thinks racism has taken over the debate, and singled out South Asian-American and Chinese-American parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents like Annie He said they weren’t opposed to sex education. But they fear this curriculum teaches kids too much, too soon. “We just want to protect our children,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘I Wish Sex Ed Was Made Available to the Parents Here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659026\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659026\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_4465-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sameer Jha and his mother, Charmaine Hussain, at the Fremont Unified School District Board meeting \u003ccite>(Sandhya Dirks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another key part of the debate has been including topics about the LGBTQ community — like diverse sexual and gender identities — in the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cadiversityconference.com/2018/norcal/bio-sameer-jha.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sameer Jha\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, 16, joined the board meetings with his mom to back inclusive sex ed instruction. Jha said he was bullied constantly in elementary and middle school in Fremont for being feminine and for acting and looking different. It wasn’t until after he left Fremont Unified, and started to commute to a private high school in Oakland, that he could come out to his parents and friends as queer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very scary,” he said. “Being LGBTQ plus was seen as taboo and I was the first person to come out in my local South Asian community here in Fremont.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, his mother said she had a hard time with his identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had so many fears, so many biases,” Charmaine Hussain said. “There’s so much stigma in our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Hussain is her son’s biggest cheerleader. As a Pakistani immigrant, she said she had to learn what it meant to be queer. Before her son came out, she said, “I didn’t even know that word existed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish sex ed was made available to the parents here,” she said. “I look at the sea of parents who are here in opposition because they’re so fearful of diversity and it makes me really realize how important what my son is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jha said one of the reasons the inclusive sex ed curriculum is so important is to have kids talk about sexuality — queer and otherwise. He said lessons like this may have prevented his being bullied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents opposed to the new curriculum said they didn’t want their kids to be taught about sexual and gender identity, while others said they didn’t want to exclude these topics but felt it was too early for their kids to learn about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Taft Ding said he worried about language in the curriculum telling fourth graders they get to decide who they are — echoing the concerns some parents had about lessons on transgender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To tell a girl, an innocent girl, that she is a boy, is evil,” Ding said. “It’s more than wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents like Salil Joshi said his objections had nothing to do with excluding the LGBTQ community — it’s the content matter that concerns him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the seventh grade there is a possibility that oral and anal sex may be discussed in class, I don’t understand why that is necessary,” Joshi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about this objection to the curriculum, Anthony Prickett, a former Fremont student who has returned to support the sex ed update said, “That is how queer people have sex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Hate Group Involved?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative from \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Pacific Justice Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a> (PJI), which has been labeled a hate group by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Southern Poverty Law Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a> for its anti-gay rhetoric and support of gay conversion therapy, has joined some of the school board meetings\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PJI President Brad Dacus said his group got involved when a parent reached out to them with concerns over the new curriculum. Dacus, who said PJI isn’t a hate group, told KQED that they are concerned with parental rights and freedom of speech and religion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dacus said his group was monitoring the discussion and awaiting the school board’s decision. PJI has previously weighed in on various school debates in the Bay Area: It took credit for convincing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/press-releases/pji-convinces-school-district-to-wait-with-regard-to-sex-ed-curriculum\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cupertino Union School District\u003c/span>\u003c/a> to hold off on their sex ed curriculum update last year. And, in Alameda County in 2009, PJI fought against anti-bullying lessons in school, lessons they refer to on their website as part of a \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificjustice.org/press-releases/parents-take-a-beating-from-school-district-court-in-anti-bullying-case\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pro-homosexual” curriculum\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/healthlearning/reproductivehealth/sexual-health-education/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACLU of Northern California\u003c/span>\u003c/a> has been watching the sex ed debate, too, on the side supporting the new curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Debates over acceptance of LGBTQ people aren’t new to Fremont — nor are heated school board meetings. In 2010, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2010/05/14/fremont-school-board-draws-ire-for-postponing-harvey-milk-day-recognition/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">parents protested\u003c/span>\u003c/a> over the creation of a Harvey Milk Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Jones Larisch, an 18 year old who identifies as a non-binary transgender person, has been coming to Fremont school board meetings since they were young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been booed when I’ve gone up and talked about my identity, and I’ve been bullied in school because of my identity,” Jones Larisch said. “It is really devastating going through high school in this area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Harvey Milk controversy flared, they remember a sign someone held up reading: “Milk was a pervert.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But things are getting better, Jones Larisch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The board meetings used to be more hostile than they are right now,” Jones Larisch said. “Though it’s not perfect, the climate in that room has changed significantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘These Are Very Curious Minds’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parent Mina Naveed said she liked the current curriculum but is worried that the new one would teach kids about more than puberty: It would teach them to have sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are very curious minds,” she said. She described her daughter as always wanting to try the experiments she learns in science class at home. “So imagine they are learning about oral sex and anal sex in classrooms, and then they are going out to experiment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it is precisely because kids have curious minds that they should be taught about sex by trained professionals, said Yasi Safinya-Davies, executive director of Safe Alternatives to Violent Environments, or \u003ca href=\"http://save-dv.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SAVE\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, a Fremont-based nonprofit that provides support to victims of domestic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a single parent in this room who knows what it’s like to grow up and have a curiosity about your body and type that into a Google search,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All kids now live in the age of the internet, which doesn’t teach consent, but is just a click away from porn, said Safinya-Davies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her group works with a lot of young people who tell her, “We don’t have adults in our lives who are having earnest, open conversations about our relationships, about our sexuality,” she said. “We didn’t even know what consent was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a parent, she is sympathetic with the opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I absolutely understand the concern that parents have around this curriculum,” she said. “Because if you didn’t grow up learning about your sexuality, and certainly not in a comprehensive way, this is all new.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Americans Told to Toss Romaine Lettuce Over E. coli Fears",
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"headTitle": "Americans Told to Toss Romaine Lettuce Over E. coli Fears | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>U.S. health officials on Friday told consumers to throw away any store-bought romaine lettuce they have in their kitchens and warned restaurants not to serve it amid an E. coli outbreak that has sickened more than 50 people in several states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded its warning about tainted romaine from Arizona, saying information from new illnesses led it to caution against eating any forms of the lettuce that may have come from the city of Yuma. Officials have not found the origin of the contaminated vegetables.[contextly_sidebar id=”2rlLWi81zSsmjwZxnnH20Wd2rPVuQm08″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, CDC officials had only warned against chopped romaine by itself or as part of salads and salad mixes. But they are now extending the risk to heads or hearts of romaine lettuce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People at an Alaska correctional facility recently reported feeling ill after eating from whole heads of romaine lettuce. They were traced to lettuce harvested in the Yuma region, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Danielle Venton reports so far there are 31 hospitalizations, and 53 cases, around the country due to this E. coli strain. One case is from California. No deaths have been reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Symptoms of E. coli infection include diarrhea, severe stomach cramps and vomiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s updated advisory said consumers nationwide should not buy or eat romaine lettuce from a grocery store or restaurant unless they can get confirmation it did not come from Yuma. People also should toss any romaine they already have at home unless it’s known it didn’t come from the area, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restaurants and retailers were warned not to serve or sell romaine lettuce from Yuma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romaine grown in coastal and central California, Florida and central Mexico is not at risk, according to the Produce Marketing Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuma region, which is roughly 185 miles southwest of Phoenix and close to the California border, is referred to as the country’s “winter vegetable capital.” It is known for its agriculture and often revels in it with events like a lettuce festival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Alameda, president of the Yuma Fresh Vegetable Association, which represents local growers, said the outbreak has weighed heavily on him and other farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to know what happened,” Alameda said. “We can’t afford to lose consumer confidence. It’s heartbreaking to us. We take this very personally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers in Yuma typically plant romaine lettuce between September and January. During the peak of the harvest season, which runs from mid-November until the beginning of April, the Yuma region supplies most of the romaine sold in the U.S., Alameda said. The outbreak came as the harvest of romaine was already near its end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Alameda has not met with anyone from the CDC, he is reviewing his own business. He is going over food safety practices and auditing operations in the farming fields.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "So far there are 53 reported cases of E. coli infections around the country. One is from California. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>U.S. health officials on Friday told consumers to throw away any store-bought romaine lettuce they have in their kitchens and warned restaurants not to serve it amid an E. coli outbreak that has sickened more than 50 people in several states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded its warning about tainted romaine from Arizona, saying information from new illnesses led it to caution against eating any forms of the lettuce that may have come from the city of Yuma. Officials have not found the origin of the contaminated vegetables.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, CDC officials had only warned against chopped romaine by itself or as part of salads and salad mixes. But they are now extending the risk to heads or hearts of romaine lettuce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People at an Alaska correctional facility recently reported feeling ill after eating from whole heads of romaine lettuce. They were traced to lettuce harvested in the Yuma region, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Danielle Venton reports so far there are 31 hospitalizations, and 53 cases, around the country due to this E. coli strain. One case is from California. No deaths have been reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Back in January, a permit was denied for the only needle exchange in Orange County. The reason? Santa Ana officials cited health concerns over needles scattered on the ground in the Santa Ana Civic Center, where the exchange operated a permanent location, and even among stacks of books in the city library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But shutting down the \u003ca href=\"http://ocnep.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Orange County Needle Exchange Program (OCNEP)\u003c/a> didn’t stop the use of needles. Advocates say it may have even forced some intravenous drug users to share them or use dirty ones, increasing the likelihood of blood-borne illnesses like HIV and hepatitis. In its two years of operation, OCNEP gave out about 2 million clean needles and provided safe disposal for used syringes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the exchange’s co-founder, Dr. Kyle Barbour, has been trying to work with the city of Santa Ana for a solution. But in the meantime he and his colleagues have taken a different tack — if they cannot operate out of the Civic Center, they’ll take the needle exchange on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mobile needle exchanges can be found in big cities across the United States. In California, they operate in cities like San Francisco, Los Angeles and Oakland. But this would be the first of its kind in Orange County. According to Barbour, a mobile exchange might be even better for the organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s especially important to be mobile in a suburban county like Orange,” says Barbour. “The reason for that is that a lot of the clients that we serve are very, very poor. There’s almost no public transportation infrastructure here, so getting from place to place is really hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a mobile needle exchange would allow Barbour and his fellow volunteers to better tailor their services to their clients. For example, they’d be able to ensure they’re not forcing clients to choose between getting to the soup kitchen in time for a meal, or visiting the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mobile needle exchange also creates some logistical ease for OCNEP, sidestepping Santa Ana’s permitting processes and taking the decision directly to the people of Orange County and the California Department of Public Health (CDPH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/asm/ab_0601-0650/ab_604_cfa_20110902_141710_sen_floor.html\">Assembly Bill 604\u003c/a> granted authority to the CDPH, Office of AIDS to permit organizations to apply directly to the CDPH for authorization to operate syringe exchange programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OCNEP’S application is currently a few weeks into a public comment period that ends on June 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbour says he knows conversations around needle exchanges can often be scary and fraught with misunderstandings. But he says people have to keep talking about the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you create a culture of fear and make people angry, and then blame it on a marginalized and stigmatized population like homeless people or undocumented people or people who inject drugs who are the primary targets of this sort of thing, what it does is it further marginalizes that group, destroys their lives, and makes it very hard for those of us trying to make the world a little bit better for them.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, a mobile needle exchange would allow Barbour and his fellow volunteers to better tailor their services to their clients. For example, they’d be able to ensure they’re not forcing clients to choose between getting to the soup kitchen in time for a meal, or visiting the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mobile needle exchange also creates some logistical ease for OCNEP, sidestepping Santa Ana’s permitting processes and taking the decision directly to the people of Orange County and the California Department of Public Health (CDPH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/asm/ab_0601-0650/ab_604_cfa_20110902_141710_sen_floor.html\">Assembly Bill 604\u003c/a> granted authority to the CDPH, Office of AIDS to permit organizations to apply directly to the CDPH for authorization to operate syringe exchange programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OCNEP’S application is currently a few weeks into a public comment period that ends on June 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbour says he knows conversations around needle exchanges can often be scary and fraught with misunderstandings. But he says people have to keep talking about the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you create a culture of fear and make people angry, and then blame it on a marginalized and stigmatized population like homeless people or undocumented people or people who inject drugs who are the primary targets of this sort of thing, what it does is it further marginalizes that group, destroys their lives, and makes it very hard for those of us trying to make the world a little bit better for them.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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