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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 5:13 p.m. PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen is leaving her post, President Trump announced Sunday as he continues to focus on restricting border crossings amid a recent surge. Nielsen had recently warned a congressional panel of a \"catastrophe\" on the southern border after the number of crossings hit a 10-year high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump confirmed the news in a tweet, saying, \"I would like to thank her for her service.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1115011884154064896\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump said Kevin McAleenan, the current commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, would serve as acting secretary. The change at the top comes with other uncertainty over management at the Department of Homeland Security. The president on Friday dropped his nominee to lead Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Ronald Vitiello, telling reporters, \"We want to go in a tougher direction.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's own response to the situation at the border in recent days has been frenetic. First, he threatened to close the southern border as soon as last week. Then, he backed off that threat and issued a new one, saying he would put hefty tariffs on cars made in Mexico if the country did not do more to stop the flow of migrants as well as drugs coming north. He gave Mexico a \"one-year warning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often the primary person working to turn Trump's harsh immigration rhetoric into policy, Nielsen was under intense scrutiny. As recently as March, she faced tough questioning from House Democrats over the treatment of migrants, especially children, at the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen was Trump's second secretary of homeland security, taking over the cabinet post in December 2017 after John Kelly became White House chief of staff. Nielsen had worked as a top aide to Kelly at both DHS and the White House. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her tenure was marked throughout by tensions with Trump, who reportedly lashed out at her several times because illegal border crossings have not been stopped. Nielsen faced more public pressure after the Trump administration enacted a policy of family separation that resulted in thousands of migrant children being separated from their parents, which the president ultimately reversed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SecNielsen/status/1115027149054992384\">her resignation letter posted on Twitter\u003c/a>, Nielsen alluded to her rocky tenure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SecNielsen/status/1115027149054992384\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Despite our progress in reforming homeland security for a new age, I have determined that it is the right time for me to step aside,\" wrote Nielsen. \"I hope that the next Secretary will have the support of Congress and the courts in fixing the laws that have impeded our ability to fully secure America's borders and have contributed to discord in our nation's discourse.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, who have been critical of Nielsen's actions at DHS throughout her time there, said her departure showed that Trump's immigration policy was too extreme. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When even the most radical voices in the administration aren't radical enough for President Trump, you know he's completely lost touch with the American people,\" said Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Through lies, misdirection and rationalizations, Nielsen defended the indefensible and presided over policies, including family separation, that will live in infamy,\" Frank Sharry, executive director of America's Voice, a pro-immigration group, said in a statement. Sharry added that he does not expect the administration to back off its hardline approach to immigration policy.\u003cem> \"\u003c/em>While she will not be missed, we have no illusions that her replacement will usher in a brighter day at DHS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facing a 'Breaking Point'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of migrants apprehended at the border jumped to more than 100,000 last month, the biggest monthly total in more than a decade. As the weather warms up, immigration authorities warn that the flow of migrants crossing the border will continue to grow, possibly reaching as high as 150,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While illegal border crossings are still far below the highs seen two decades ago, administration officials have warned that the current surge has led to a humanitarian crisis and put the immigration system at a \"breaking point.\"[aside tag='family-separation' label='Family Separation at the Border']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because the majority of migrants arriving now are families and children fleeing violence and poverty in Central America. Unlike individual migrants looking for work, many of these migrants are seeking asylum and must be allowed to pursue their claims in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overwhelmed by the influx, Customs and Border Protection has begun releasing more families with a notice to appear in immigration court instead of first handing them over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement for processing and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen tried to shift resources within her department to help with processing the migrants, and last week appointed a Border Patrol veteran to serve as coordinator of the department's response to the \"border crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be clear with the American people: there is an unprecedented emergency at the southern border, and DHS is leading a true government-wide emergency response,\" Nielsen said in a statement announcing the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen also joined President Trump in calling on Congress to close what they call \"loopholes\" in immigration law to make it easier to detain and deport migrant families and kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Defense With Trump — and For Him\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout her tenure, Trump blamed Nielsen for an inability to get Congress to fully fund a wall on the southern U.S. border with Mexico, even though she was not involved in the spending deal Trump reached with congressional leaders earlier in 2018. The border wall funding question led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/22/679424044/government-shuts-down-ahead-of-holiday-over-stalemate-on-border-wall-funding\">a stalemate that caused the longest partial government shutdown \u003c/a>in U.S. history — with the president following through on his earlier threats not to sign critical spending bills unless he gets what he deems sufficient funding for his border wall and with congressional Democrats rejecting any legislation that would provide such funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats and immigration advocates also criticized Nielsen for policies she advocated that actively sought to separate children from their parents at the border, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621875523/shame-protesters-shout-at-dhs-head-kirstjen-nielsen-eating-at-mexican-restaurant\">a protest\u003c/a> inside a Mexican restaurant in Washington where the secretary was eating dinner last June. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The law says if you cross between the ports of entry, you are entering without inspection and that is a crime,\" Nielsen said, defending herself in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/10/610113364/transcript-homeland-security-secretary-kirstjen-nielsens-full-interview-with-npr\">interview with NPR's John Burnett\u003c/a> in May 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our policy has not changed in that if you break the law, we will refer you for prosecution,\" she added. \"What that means, however, is if you are single adult, if you are part of a family, if you are pregnant, if you have any other condition, you're an adult and you break the law, we will refer you. Operationally what that means is we will have to separate your family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621798823/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">backed away\u003c/a> from that policy after a public outcry and in light of court rulings — just days after Nielsen had mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/18/620972542/we-do-not-have-a-policy-of-separating-families-dhs-secretary-nielsen-says\">vigorous public defense\u003c/a> of the controversial policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen had to defend Trump on other issues, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January 2018, a little over a month after she was sworn in as DHS secretary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/16/trump-shithole-dhs-secretary-kirstjen-nielsen-testify-341179\">Nielsen testified to a Senate panel\u003c/a> that she had not heard Trump describe some African nations as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/12/577598401/in-morning-tweet-trump-denies-calling-african-countries-by-a-vulgar-slur\">\"shithole countries,\"\u003c/a> although she conceded that he had used \"tough language\" in a meeting on immigration issues that included members of Congress who insisted Trump had, in fact, used the pejorative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, in response to a reporter's question, she said she \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/dhs-secretary-nielsen-not-aware-intel-report-russian-meddling-election-n876491\">\"was not aware of\"\u003c/a> reports from U.S. intelligence agencies that concluded that the Russian government actively tried to swing the 2016 presidential election to Trump and away from Democrat Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen's characterization of the foreign interference threat to U.S. elections evolved: \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/f5ccdfb4c285447f81da5c7d7d61765c\">She later said\u003c/a> that although it continued to happen, it was not taking place with the same intensity as it had in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DHS and other agencies released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/11/05/joint-statement-election-day-preparations\">statement\u003c/a> ahead of Election Day 2018 that said the focus of foreign influence operations was on disinformation via social media platforms and less on cyberattacks aimed at stealing embarrassing information about political targets or disrupting the actual working of elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump announced the secretary's departure amid a 10-year high in illegal border crossings. The two reportedly clashed repeatedly during her 16 months on the job.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 5:13 p.m. PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen is leaving her post, President Trump announced Sunday as he continues to focus on restricting border crossings amid a recent surge. Nielsen had recently warned a congressional panel of a \"catastrophe\" on the southern border after the number of crossings hit a 10-year high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump confirmed the news in a tweet, saying, \"I would like to thank her for her service.\" \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump said Kevin McAleenan, the current commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, would serve as acting secretary. The change at the top comes with other uncertainty over management at the Department of Homeland Security. The president on Friday dropped his nominee to lead Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Ronald Vitiello, telling reporters, \"We want to go in a tougher direction.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's own response to the situation at the border in recent days has been frenetic. First, he threatened to close the southern border as soon as last week. Then, he backed off that threat and issued a new one, saying he would put hefty tariffs on cars made in Mexico if the country did not do more to stop the flow of migrants as well as drugs coming north. He gave Mexico a \"one-year warning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often the primary person working to turn Trump's harsh immigration rhetoric into policy, Nielsen was under intense scrutiny. As recently as March, she faced tough questioning from House Democrats over the treatment of migrants, especially children, at the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen was Trump's second secretary of homeland security, taking over the cabinet post in December 2017 after John Kelly became White House chief of staff. Nielsen had worked as a top aide to Kelly at both DHS and the White House. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her tenure was marked throughout by tensions with Trump, who reportedly lashed out at her several times because illegal border crossings have not been stopped. Nielsen faced more public pressure after the Trump administration enacted a policy of family separation that resulted in thousands of migrant children being separated from their parents, which the president ultimately reversed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SecNielsen/status/1115027149054992384\">her resignation letter posted on Twitter\u003c/a>, Nielsen alluded to her rocky tenure. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"Despite our progress in reforming homeland security for a new age, I have determined that it is the right time for me to step aside,\" wrote Nielsen. \"I hope that the next Secretary will have the support of Congress and the courts in fixing the laws that have impeded our ability to fully secure America's borders and have contributed to discord in our nation's discourse.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, who have been critical of Nielsen's actions at DHS throughout her time there, said her departure showed that Trump's immigration policy was too extreme. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When even the most radical voices in the administration aren't radical enough for President Trump, you know he's completely lost touch with the American people,\" said Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Through lies, misdirection and rationalizations, Nielsen defended the indefensible and presided over policies, including family separation, that will live in infamy,\" Frank Sharry, executive director of America's Voice, a pro-immigration group, said in a statement. Sharry added that he does not expect the administration to back off its hardline approach to immigration policy.\u003cem> \"\u003c/em>While she will not be missed, we have no illusions that her replacement will usher in a brighter day at DHS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facing a 'Breaking Point'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of migrants apprehended at the border jumped to more than 100,000 last month, the biggest monthly total in more than a decade. As the weather warms up, immigration authorities warn that the flow of migrants crossing the border will continue to grow, possibly reaching as high as 150,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While illegal border crossings are still far below the highs seen two decades ago, administration officials have warned that the current surge has led to a humanitarian crisis and put the immigration system at a \"breaking point.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because the majority of migrants arriving now are families and children fleeing violence and poverty in Central America. Unlike individual migrants looking for work, many of these migrants are seeking asylum and must be allowed to pursue their claims in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overwhelmed by the influx, Customs and Border Protection has begun releasing more families with a notice to appear in immigration court instead of first handing them over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement for processing and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen tried to shift resources within her department to help with processing the migrants, and last week appointed a Border Patrol veteran to serve as coordinator of the department's response to the \"border crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be clear with the American people: there is an unprecedented emergency at the southern border, and DHS is leading a true government-wide emergency response,\" Nielsen said in a statement announcing the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen also joined President Trump in calling on Congress to close what they call \"loopholes\" in immigration law to make it easier to detain and deport migrant families and kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Defense With Trump — and For Him\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout her tenure, Trump blamed Nielsen for an inability to get Congress to fully fund a wall on the southern U.S. border with Mexico, even though she was not involved in the spending deal Trump reached with congressional leaders earlier in 2018. The border wall funding question led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/22/679424044/government-shuts-down-ahead-of-holiday-over-stalemate-on-border-wall-funding\">a stalemate that caused the longest partial government shutdown \u003c/a>in U.S. history — with the president following through on his earlier threats not to sign critical spending bills unless he gets what he deems sufficient funding for his border wall and with congressional Democrats rejecting any legislation that would provide such funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats and immigration advocates also criticized Nielsen for policies she advocated that actively sought to separate children from their parents at the border, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621875523/shame-protesters-shout-at-dhs-head-kirstjen-nielsen-eating-at-mexican-restaurant\">a protest\u003c/a> inside a Mexican restaurant in Washington where the secretary was eating dinner last June. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The law says if you cross between the ports of entry, you are entering without inspection and that is a crime,\" Nielsen said, defending herself in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/10/610113364/transcript-homeland-security-secretary-kirstjen-nielsens-full-interview-with-npr\">interview with NPR's John Burnett\u003c/a> in May 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our policy has not changed in that if you break the law, we will refer you for prosecution,\" she added. \"What that means, however, is if you are single adult, if you are part of a family, if you are pregnant, if you have any other condition, you're an adult and you break the law, we will refer you. Operationally what that means is we will have to separate your family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621798823/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">backed away\u003c/a> from that policy after a public outcry and in light of court rulings — just days after Nielsen had mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/18/620972542/we-do-not-have-a-policy-of-separating-families-dhs-secretary-nielsen-says\">vigorous public defense\u003c/a> of the controversial policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen had to defend Trump on other issues, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January 2018, a little over a month after she was sworn in as DHS secretary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/16/trump-shithole-dhs-secretary-kirstjen-nielsen-testify-341179\">Nielsen testified to a Senate panel\u003c/a> that she had not heard Trump describe some African nations as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/12/577598401/in-morning-tweet-trump-denies-calling-african-countries-by-a-vulgar-slur\">\"shithole countries,\"\u003c/a> although she conceded that he had used \"tough language\" in a meeting on immigration issues that included members of Congress who insisted Trump had, in fact, used the pejorative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, in response to a reporter's question, she said she \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/dhs-secretary-nielsen-not-aware-intel-report-russian-meddling-election-n876491\">\"was not aware of\"\u003c/a> reports from U.S. intelligence agencies that concluded that the Russian government actively tried to swing the 2016 presidential election to Trump and away from Democrat Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen's characterization of the foreign interference threat to U.S. elections evolved: \u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/f5ccdfb4c285447f81da5c7d7d61765c\">She later said\u003c/a> that although it continued to happen, it was not taking place with the same intensity as it had in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DHS and other agencies released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/11/05/joint-statement-election-day-preparations\">statement\u003c/a> ahead of Election Day 2018 that said the focus of foreign influence operations was on disinformation via social media platforms and less on cyberattacks aimed at stealing embarrassing information about political targets or disrupting the actual working of elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The old joke about the California lieutenant governor’s office has been that its occupant’s main duty is to wake up in the morning, see whether the governor is still alive and, if so, go back to bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that was before Gov. Gavin Newsom made Eleni Kounalakis his \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/02/28/international-affairs-and-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">point woman\u003c/a> on President Donald Trump’s trade wars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, California’s lieutenant governor is among the busier officeholders in Sacramento—hustling to meet with members of Congress, federal agencies and trade organizations and deploying \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/commentary/california-foreign-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whatever influence she can\u003c/a> to protect California’s place in the world market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has her work cut out for her. It has been a year since Trump sent a collective shudder through California’s economy, imposing taxes on imported steel and aluminum that in turn prompted China to impose new tariffs on agricultural products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India and other countries soon followed suit, setting tariffs as high as 100% on some of California’s high-value crops. Since then, the Trump administration has engaged in trade brinkmanship on many fronts—including on-again, off-again threats to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-border-closing-calexico-california-20190404-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">close the Mexican border\u003c/a>. Meanwhile, a bevy of signature California products—almonds, pistachios, walnuts, wine grapes, oranges, dairy—have teetered on the verge of becoming collateral damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the worst-case scenario has not come to pass, and some products, such as pistachios, have survived relatively unscathed, at least for now. But the damage has not been insignificant, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://aic.ucdavis.edu/2018/08/08/new-tariffs-tax-economic-prospects-of-tree-nut-and-fruit-industries/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report last August\u003c/a>, Daniel A. Sumner, an economist with UC Davis’ Agricultural Issues Center and Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, projected that higher tariffs could cost major U.S. fruit and nut industries $2.64 billion per year in exports to countries imposing the higher levies; the economic blow could rise to as much as $3.34 billion because of lower prices in alternative markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some fears have been entirely realized. Sales of California oranges to China are off by more than half, broader problems in the state dairy industry have been exacerbated by trade tussles, and the almond and wine industries have struggled to cope with price pressures and punishing tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever you have an atmosphere of uncertainty, it creates a chilling effect,” Kounalakis said in an interview. “Customers in Asia will look for alternatives elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she added, if customers find suppliers in other countries—say, Turkey for pistachios or New Zealand for wine—it could be hard for California to win them back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘America First’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As he had vowed on the campaign trail, Trump since taking office has hewed to an “America first” protectionist stance, pushing back against Republicans’ traditional embrace of open markets. He pulled out of the 12-country Trans-Pacific Partnership and pushed for a reboot of the North American Free Trade Agreement. The resulting United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)—what some describe as NAFTA 2.0—faces an uphill battle for ratification in the now Democratic-controlled House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January 2018, Trump—saying he wanted to protect U.S. manufacturers from unfair trade practices and to reduce the $375-billion trade deficit with China—slapped steep tariffs on imports of washing machines and solar energy cells and panels from nations including China and South Korea. He warned of and subsequently delivered on tariffs on steel, aluminum and other products from China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China ratcheted things up by imposing bruising tariffs on agricultural products, including commodities such as soybeans and corn (which come primarily from the Midwest) and products for which California is revered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To ease the burden on hard-hit farmers throughout the country, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has paid out billions of dollars in aid, mostly to producers of soybean, corn and other commodities. Most California growers did not qualify for direct payments, but some sold products to the federal food-purchase program, which feeds needy U.S. residents; some grower groups received funds to help market their products overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-11738309\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-800x1151.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1151\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-800x1151.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-160x230.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-1020x1467.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-834x1200.jpg 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-1920x2761.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic.jpg 1424w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to trade with China, a huge and growing market, billions of dollars and tens of thousands of jobs are at stake in California. According to the UC Davis Agricultural Issues Center, the state’s top five agricultural exports in 2017 just to China and Hong Kong amounted to more than $1.6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, almonds are California’s leading agricultural export, with a value of nearly $4.5 billion in foreign sales in 2017; 70% of the almond crop grown in the state is exported. Almond exports now face a 50% tariff in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has 6,800 almond growers, most of them small to medium-size, family-run enterprises. A study by the Almond Board of California found that the crop generated more than 100,000 jobs, mostly in the Central Valley. The industry contributes about $11 billion annually to the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because China is the state’s third-largest export destination, the industry is seeing ill effects, said Julie Adams, vice president of global technical and regulatory affairs for the Almond Board of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A 10 percent tariff went to 50 percent,” she said. “The uncertainty and concern about how long these retaliatory tariffs would be in place caused the industry to be more cautious in commitments and purchasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lost Hours, Lucky Breaks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Monte Vista Farming Co. in the Central Valley town of Denair, Calif., is a vertically integrated company that grows, hulls, processes and markets almonds and almond products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What China has been for our industry for a long time was a sponge to absorb additional supply,” Monte Vista Chief Executive Jonathan Hoff said in an interview. “We can typically rely on them to take large amounts of volume in a short time when we have excess volume to ship. So not knowing whether or not we’ll be able to rely on that market … really influences our forecast for net earnings on the farm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, he said, because China did not take large amounts of volume during the September-to-December selling window, Hoff’s company has been forced to rent warehouses and buy additional storage bins to hold unsold crop. The company has also reduced employees’ hours at hulling facilities. The circumstances have put pressure on pricing, and Hoff expects the average return per acre to decline significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California pistachio growers, who produce 99% of the nation’s crop, bemoan the ongoing uncertainty, but they got a couple of lucky breaks. China for years had imposed a 5% tariff on the state’s pistachios. In retaliation, it raised the level to 15% and then 45%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For unknown reasons, China left the tariff on roasted pistachios at 15%. Meanwhile, Iran, another source, lost much of its crop to a freeze. Although Chinese buyers typically prefer to buy raw pistachios and do the roasting themselves, they switched their allegiance. Shipments to China from California were up 9.5% for the start of the new fiscal year, said Richard Matoian, executive director of the American Pistachio Growers, a trade group in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orange growers weren’t so fortunate. China started with a 15%tariff that hit apple, cherry and grape “guys right between the eyes,” said Joel Nelsen, strategic advisor and past president of California Citrus Mutual, an advocacy group in Exeter for the state’s 2,500 family citrus growers. Then the Chinese added hefty tariffs to oranges and other commodities. Prices headed out of sight, with the result that business is off by more than half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For wine grape growers, tariffs have been a double whammy. U.S.-imposed levies have raised significantly the cost of steel products—wire, stakes, metal posts—needed to establish vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Trump administration, “things have gotten a lot more bumpy,” said John Aguirre, president of the California Assn. of Winegrape Growers in Sacramento. “We see a much softer market for wine grapes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry is concerned about continued access to China, which had been a growing market. Last September, China added a 10% tariff on U.S. wine imports, atop a previous 15% tariff increase implemented in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the uncertainty surrounding the renegotiated North American Free Trade Agreement, given that Canada is the industry’s largest export market. “Our thoughts have been: Do no harm,” Aguirre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A State Trade Policy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since trade policy is mostly determined at the federal level, California officials such as Kounalakis have only a limited ability to make a difference. Still, the lieutenant governor—a former ambassador to Hungary during the Obama administration—notes that the state’s size and stake in the market make it critical that California strive to be heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11738312 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-800x552.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-1020x703.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-1200x828.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lt. Gov. Eleni Kounalakis and Chief Business and Economic Advisor Lenny Mendonca flank Gov. Gavin Newsom. (Michael Miller/ California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officially, Kounalakis will head a new interagency committee on state development on trade and work with Newsom’s economic advisor, Lenny Mendonca, “to strengthen our foreign relations and advance our interests abroad,” as Newsom put it in \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/02/28/international-affairs-and-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announcing her post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, what that means is that she has been meeting with the California congressional delegation and officials from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and other relevant agencies to educate them about the importance of the state’s agriculture and to lobby for free-flowing markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among her priorities will be improving coordination among state agencies that deal with trade and reopening a trade office in Mexico to expand California’s presence.\u003cbr>\nAnd, she notes, she has a vote of confidence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-road-map-jerry-brown-gavin-newsom-connection-20190106-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsom didn’t get\u003c/a> when, during California’s 2011 climb out of the recession, he put forward his own statewide economic plan as Gov. Jerry Brown’s lieutenant governor. (Brown, consumed with a statewide budget deficit, took issue and appointed a statewide jobs czar, pre-empting Newsom’s plans.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the economic landscape under Trump is a far cry from the one California faced in 2011, with even more uncertainty in the near future. Will the president continue to waffle on his threat to close the southern border with Mexico, a move that observers say could wreak havoc with daily economic back-and-forth? Will Congress, with its new Democratic House majority, approve the USMCA? Will Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping come to terms?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what the long-term strategy is,” said Sara Neagu-Reed, associate director of the California Farm Bureau Federation’s federal policy division. “There is some sense of hope with future trade negotiations. … The more markets we can open up, the better. … With that said, [we must] continue to present the administration with the impacts our growers are seeing in China, Canada and the European Union.”\u003cbr>\nThat, says the Almond Board’s Adams, is why California needs all the help it can get—even from historically underutilized statewide offices—and why “the fact that the governor is making trade a focus of the lieutenant governor is important.”\u003cbr>\nKounalakis agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For anyone who thinks that this international portfolio is, you know, having tea and going on trips,” Kounalakis recently joked during a panel discussion in Sacramento, “that’s not what this is about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "A Year into Trump’s Trade Turmoil, an Iconic California Industry Struggles to Resist | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The old joke about the California lieutenant governor’s office has been that its occupant’s main duty is to wake up in the morning, see whether the governor is still alive and, if so, go back to bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that was before Gov. Gavin Newsom made Eleni Kounalakis his \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/02/28/international-affairs-and-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">point woman\u003c/a> on President Donald Trump’s trade wars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, California’s lieutenant governor is among the busier officeholders in Sacramento—hustling to meet with members of Congress, federal agencies and trade organizations and deploying \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/commentary/california-foreign-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whatever influence she can\u003c/a> to protect California’s place in the world market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has her work cut out for her. It has been a year since Trump sent a collective shudder through California’s economy, imposing taxes on imported steel and aluminum that in turn prompted China to impose new tariffs on agricultural products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India and other countries soon followed suit, setting tariffs as high as 100% on some of California’s high-value crops. Since then, the Trump administration has engaged in trade brinkmanship on many fronts—including on-again, off-again threats to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-border-closing-calexico-california-20190404-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">close the Mexican border\u003c/a>. Meanwhile, a bevy of signature California products—almonds, pistachios, walnuts, wine grapes, oranges, dairy—have teetered on the verge of becoming collateral damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the worst-case scenario has not come to pass, and some products, such as pistachios, have survived relatively unscathed, at least for now. But the damage has not been insignificant, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://aic.ucdavis.edu/2018/08/08/new-tariffs-tax-economic-prospects-of-tree-nut-and-fruit-industries/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report last August\u003c/a>, Daniel A. Sumner, an economist with UC Davis’ Agricultural Issues Center and Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, projected that higher tariffs could cost major U.S. fruit and nut industries $2.64 billion per year in exports to countries imposing the higher levies; the economic blow could rise to as much as $3.34 billion because of lower prices in alternative markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some fears have been entirely realized. Sales of California oranges to China are off by more than half, broader problems in the state dairy industry have been exacerbated by trade tussles, and the almond and wine industries have struggled to cope with price pressures and punishing tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever you have an atmosphere of uncertainty, it creates a chilling effect,” Kounalakis said in an interview. “Customers in Asia will look for alternatives elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she added, if customers find suppliers in other countries—say, Turkey for pistachios or New Zealand for wine—it could be hard for California to win them back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘America First’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As he had vowed on the campaign trail, Trump since taking office has hewed to an “America first” protectionist stance, pushing back against Republicans’ traditional embrace of open markets. He pulled out of the 12-country Trans-Pacific Partnership and pushed for a reboot of the North American Free Trade Agreement. The resulting United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)—what some describe as NAFTA 2.0—faces an uphill battle for ratification in the now Democratic-controlled House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January 2018, Trump—saying he wanted to protect U.S. manufacturers from unfair trade practices and to reduce the $375-billion trade deficit with China—slapped steep tariffs on imports of washing machines and solar energy cells and panels from nations including China and South Korea. He warned of and subsequently delivered on tariffs on steel, aluminum and other products from China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China ratcheted things up by imposing bruising tariffs on agricultural products, including commodities such as soybeans and corn (which come primarily from the Midwest) and products for which California is revered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To ease the burden on hard-hit farmers throughout the country, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has paid out billions of dollars in aid, mostly to producers of soybean, corn and other commodities. Most California growers did not qualify for direct payments, but some sold products to the federal food-purchase program, which feeds needy U.S. residents; some grower groups received funds to help market their products overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-11738309\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-800x1151.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1151\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-800x1151.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-160x230.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-1020x1467.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-834x1200.jpg 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic-1920x2761.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/TRADE-Graphic.jpg 1424w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to trade with China, a huge and growing market, billions of dollars and tens of thousands of jobs are at stake in California. According to the UC Davis Agricultural Issues Center, the state’s top five agricultural exports in 2017 just to China and Hong Kong amounted to more than $1.6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, almonds are California’s leading agricultural export, with a value of nearly $4.5 billion in foreign sales in 2017; 70% of the almond crop grown in the state is exported. Almond exports now face a 50% tariff in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has 6,800 almond growers, most of them small to medium-size, family-run enterprises. A study by the Almond Board of California found that the crop generated more than 100,000 jobs, mostly in the Central Valley. The industry contributes about $11 billion annually to the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because China is the state’s third-largest export destination, the industry is seeing ill effects, said Julie Adams, vice president of global technical and regulatory affairs for the Almond Board of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A 10 percent tariff went to 50 percent,” she said. “The uncertainty and concern about how long these retaliatory tariffs would be in place caused the industry to be more cautious in commitments and purchasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lost Hours, Lucky Breaks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Monte Vista Farming Co. in the Central Valley town of Denair, Calif., is a vertically integrated company that grows, hulls, processes and markets almonds and almond products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What China has been for our industry for a long time was a sponge to absorb additional supply,” Monte Vista Chief Executive Jonathan Hoff said in an interview. “We can typically rely on them to take large amounts of volume in a short time when we have excess volume to ship. So not knowing whether or not we’ll be able to rely on that market … really influences our forecast for net earnings on the farm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, he said, because China did not take large amounts of volume during the September-to-December selling window, Hoff’s company has been forced to rent warehouses and buy additional storage bins to hold unsold crop. The company has also reduced employees’ hours at hulling facilities. The circumstances have put pressure on pricing, and Hoff expects the average return per acre to decline significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California pistachio growers, who produce 99% of the nation’s crop, bemoan the ongoing uncertainty, but they got a couple of lucky breaks. China for years had imposed a 5% tariff on the state’s pistachios. In retaliation, it raised the level to 15% and then 45%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For unknown reasons, China left the tariff on roasted pistachios at 15%. Meanwhile, Iran, another source, lost much of its crop to a freeze. Although Chinese buyers typically prefer to buy raw pistachios and do the roasting themselves, they switched their allegiance. Shipments to China from California were up 9.5% for the start of the new fiscal year, said Richard Matoian, executive director of the American Pistachio Growers, a trade group in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orange growers weren’t so fortunate. China started with a 15%tariff that hit apple, cherry and grape “guys right between the eyes,” said Joel Nelsen, strategic advisor and past president of California Citrus Mutual, an advocacy group in Exeter for the state’s 2,500 family citrus growers. Then the Chinese added hefty tariffs to oranges and other commodities. Prices headed out of sight, with the result that business is off by more than half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For wine grape growers, tariffs have been a double whammy. U.S.-imposed levies have raised significantly the cost of steel products—wire, stakes, metal posts—needed to establish vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Trump administration, “things have gotten a lot more bumpy,” said John Aguirre, president of the California Assn. of Winegrape Growers in Sacramento. “We see a much softer market for wine grapes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry is concerned about continued access to China, which had been a growing market. Last September, China added a 10% tariff on U.S. wine imports, atop a previous 15% tariff increase implemented in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the uncertainty surrounding the renegotiated North American Free Trade Agreement, given that Canada is the industry’s largest export market. “Our thoughts have been: Do no harm,” Aguirre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A State Trade Policy?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since trade policy is mostly determined at the federal level, California officials such as Kounalakis have only a limited ability to make a difference. Still, the lieutenant governor—a former ambassador to Hungary during the Obama administration—notes that the state’s size and stake in the market make it critical that California strive to be heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11738312 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-800x552.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-1020x703.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut-1200x828.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36427_trade-Photo-2-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lt. Gov. Eleni Kounalakis and Chief Business and Economic Advisor Lenny Mendonca flank Gov. Gavin Newsom. (Michael Miller/ California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officially, Kounalakis will head a new interagency committee on state development on trade and work with Newsom’s economic advisor, Lenny Mendonca, “to strengthen our foreign relations and advance our interests abroad,” as Newsom put it in \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2019/02/28/international-affairs-and-trade/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announcing her post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, what that means is that she has been meeting with the California congressional delegation and officials from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and other relevant agencies to educate them about the importance of the state’s agriculture and to lobby for free-flowing markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among her priorities will be improving coordination among state agencies that deal with trade and reopening a trade office in Mexico to expand California’s presence.\u003cbr>\nAnd, she notes, she has a vote of confidence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-road-map-jerry-brown-gavin-newsom-connection-20190106-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsom didn’t get\u003c/a> when, during California’s 2011 climb out of the recession, he put forward his own statewide economic plan as Gov. Jerry Brown’s lieutenant governor. (Brown, consumed with a statewide budget deficit, took issue and appointed a statewide jobs czar, pre-empting Newsom’s plans.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the economic landscape under Trump is a far cry from the one California faced in 2011, with even more uncertainty in the near future. Will the president continue to waffle on his threat to close the southern border with Mexico, a move that observers say could wreak havoc with daily economic back-and-forth? Will Congress, with its new Democratic House majority, approve the USMCA? Will Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping come to terms?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what the long-term strategy is,” said Sara Neagu-Reed, associate director of the California Farm Bureau Federation’s federal policy division. “There is some sense of hope with future trade negotiations. … The more markets we can open up, the better. … With that said, [we must] continue to present the administration with the impacts our growers are seeing in China, Canada and the European Union.”\u003cbr>\nThat, says the Almond Board’s Adams, is why California needs all the help it can get—even from historically underutilized statewide offices—and why “the fact that the governor is making trade a focus of the lieutenant governor is important.”\u003cbr>\nKounalakis agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For anyone who thinks that this international portfolio is, you know, having tea and going on trips,” Kounalakis recently joked during a panel discussion in Sacramento, “that’s not what this is about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Honduran Asylum-Seeker Sees Links Between U.S. Policy and His 'Ungovernable' Homeland",
"title": "Honduran Asylum-Seeker Sees Links Between U.S. Policy and His 'Ungovernable' Homeland",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Saúl Arzú picked his way through a double row of tents inside Juventud 2000, a makeshift migrant shelter in a gritty neighborhood of Tijuana, not far from the international border fence. He was looking for a quiet place to talk, but the din of dozens of migrant parents and children bounced off the corrugated steel roof and rang through the converted warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú, 31, has been living at the shelter for nearly three months, after arriving in this border city in late January. He hopes to win asylum in the United States. He said he left his home on the Atlantic coast of Honduras last October, when he was threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when President Trump has declared \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/04/04/us-aid-central-america-what-does-and-why-trump-cut/3340142002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a halt to U.S. aid\u003c/a> for the three countries of Central America’s Northern Triangle — El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras — and California Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gavin-newsom-el-salvador-20190328-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> is traveling to El Salvador to learn about the root causes of migration, Arzú said the reasons he felt he had to leave Honduras are connected with U.S. policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he left home in the city of La Ceiba after gang members threatened his life. It’s a familiar story among people who have fled the homicide-plagued countries of the Northern Triangle. But Arzú said the widespread violence in Honduras ties directly back to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/07/crisis-of-honduras-democracy-has-roots-in-us-tacit-support-for-2009-coup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2009 military coup\u003c/a> that had the tacit support of the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This caravan is like karma, because they destabilized Honduras and people had to leave,” said Arzú. “It’s an ungovernable country. You can’t report crime to the police because the police will pass your information to the criminals and the criminals will find you. Organized crime and the police are good friends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11738087 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honduran asylum-seeker Saul Arzú makes his way through the tents at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Roots of the Crisis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a view \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/27/opinion/in-honduras-a-mess-helped-by-the-us.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shared by some scholars\u003c/a>, who say the coup opened the way for greater lawlessness and the repression of dissent, including the assassination of opposition leaders and an internationally recognized environmentalist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Saúl Arzú, who is seeking asylum in the U.S.']'This caravan is like karma, because they destabilized Honduras and people had to leave. It’s an ungovernable country.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dysfunction and corruption are rampant. Last fall, the brother of President Juan Orlando Hernández, himself a former congressman, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.dea.gov/press-releases/2018/11/26/dea-announces-arrest-former-honduran-congressman-and-brother-current\">arrested in Miami\u003c/a> on charges of running a major cocaine trafficking ring. And when researchers from the Wilson Center in Washington, D.C., visited La Ceiba, Arzú’s hometown, in 2017, they found that the municipal \u003ca href=\"https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/report_honduras_olson_final.pdf\">government had totally collapsed\u003c/a>, there was no electricity and employees had not been paid in eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/p/wha/rt/strat/\">U.S. aid programs\u003c/a> that Trump is cutting, nearly $500 million worth, were initiated by Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama. They have been aimed at deterring drug trafficking and migration by \u003ca href=\"https://www.wola.org/monitoring-assistance-central-america/\">strengthening the economies, governance and security\u003c/a> of Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. Most of the funds are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/01/world/americas/trump-central-america-aid.html\">channeled through non-governmental organizations.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made the move voicing frustration at continuing unauthorized migration, but analysts at the Migration Policy Institute and elsewhere say the long-term solution to Central American migration is to \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/policy-solutions-address-crisis-border-exist-require-will-staying-power\">stabilize the countries\u003c/a> people are leaving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Lack of Justice and Opportunity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honduran asylum-seeker Saul Arzú plays with a baseball at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. He said the lawlessness in Honduras that forced him to flee began with a 2009 military coup that had the tacit support of the U.S. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he worked as a fisherman. As he watched the political situation unravel, he dreamed of attending university to study political science. But he said he couldn’t afford the tuition and didn’t have the right political connections because he believes the government is corrupt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then last year Arzú said he was approached by members of the Mara Salvatrucha, or MS-13 gang, who urged him to drive them across town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11703189' label='Daughter of Slain Environmentalist Connects Migrant Caravan to Honduran Government's Failures']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said I couldn’t do it,” he recounted. “Because if you work for them once, they won’t let you quit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the gang members followed him, but he got away. When he crossed paths with them a few days later, they threatened him, and Arzú said he knew he had to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a question of, ‘Oh, I hear the United States is beautiful.’ No,” he said, choking back emotion. “To leave the country where you’ve lived your whole life? It hits hard. You don’t want to cry. You don’t want to go. But you want to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he spoke, Arzú idly tossed a baseball from hand to hand. He looked around the spare but tidy shelter that is his temporary home. In a small kitchen, three women in hairnets shredded cabbage and carrots for the evening meal. Next to the rows of tents, kids and their parents lined up at a table for a children’s shoe giveaway, where they could try on donated sneakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738089\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-800x602.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-1200x903.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents and children look through donated shoes at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. Migrants from Central America are waiting at the shelter to apply for asylum in the United States. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He has so far spent five months in Mexico, working his way north, but he said he doesn’t feel safe here either, having been robbed more than once. In the U.S., he said, the justice system seems more intact than in Mexico or Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can be killed anywhere,” said Arzú. “But if you’re killed in the United States, at least they would investigate. In Honduras? No. You’d just be a statistic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Waiting in Mexico\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, after a month’s wait, Arzú got his turn at the U.S. port of entry to ask for asylum. He said Customs and Border Protection officials kept him locked in a crowded underground cell with the air conditioning blasting for four days. He said Cell No. 31 had three metal bunks but contained 15 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the worst four days of my life,” said Arzú. “They treated me like a dog.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='migrant-caravan' label='KQED immigration coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an interview with a Customs and Border Protection agent, Arzú was returned to Tijuana to await his immigration court date in San Diego because of the Trump administration’s new Migrant Protection Protocols, commonly known as the “remain in Mexico” policy, for asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he keeps telephoning the U.S. legal aid groups on a list provided by border officials, but he hasn’t found anyone to help him with his case. More than 80 percent of asylum-seekers without legal representation lose their cases, while more than half of those with a lawyer win asylum, \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asylum/\">according to data analysis\u003c/a> by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday morning, Arzú will return to the border crossing and officials will drive him to the federal immigration courthouse in San Diego, where he’ll try to make his case to a judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This reporting was supported by the International Women’s Media Foundation as part of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/programs/adelante/\">Adelante Latin America Reporting Initiative\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Saúl Arzú picked his way through a double row of tents inside Juventud 2000, a makeshift migrant shelter in a gritty neighborhood of Tijuana, not far from the international border fence. He was looking for a quiet place to talk, but the din of dozens of migrant parents and children bounced off the corrugated steel roof and rang through the converted warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú, 31, has been living at the shelter for nearly three months, after arriving in this border city in late January. He hopes to win asylum in the United States. He said he left his home on the Atlantic coast of Honduras last October, when he was threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when President Trump has declared \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/04/04/us-aid-central-america-what-does-and-why-trump-cut/3340142002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a halt to U.S. aid\u003c/a> for the three countries of Central America’s Northern Triangle — El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras — and California Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gavin-newsom-el-salvador-20190328-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> is traveling to El Salvador to learn about the root causes of migration, Arzú said the reasons he felt he had to leave Honduras are connected with U.S. policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he left home in the city of La Ceiba after gang members threatened his life. It’s a familiar story among people who have fled the homicide-plagued countries of the Northern Triangle. But Arzú said the widespread violence in Honduras ties directly back to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/07/crisis-of-honduras-democracy-has-roots-in-us-tacit-support-for-2009-coup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2009 military coup\u003c/a> that had the tacit support of the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This caravan is like karma, because they destabilized Honduras and people had to leave,” said Arzú. “It’s an ungovernable country. You can’t report crime to the police because the police will pass your information to the criminals and the criminals will find you. Organized crime and the police are good friends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11738087 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36415_IMG_7937-qut.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honduran asylum-seeker Saul Arzú makes his way through the tents at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Roots of the Crisis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a view \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/27/opinion/in-honduras-a-mess-helped-by-the-us.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shared by some scholars\u003c/a>, who say the coup opened the way for greater lawlessness and the repression of dissent, including the assassination of opposition leaders and an internationally recognized environmentalist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'This caravan is like karma, because they destabilized Honduras and people had to leave. It’s an ungovernable country.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dysfunction and corruption are rampant. Last fall, the brother of President Juan Orlando Hernández, himself a former congressman, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.dea.gov/press-releases/2018/11/26/dea-announces-arrest-former-honduran-congressman-and-brother-current\">arrested in Miami\u003c/a> on charges of running a major cocaine trafficking ring. And when researchers from the Wilson Center in Washington, D.C., visited La Ceiba, Arzú’s hometown, in 2017, they found that the municipal \u003ca href=\"https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/report_honduras_olson_final.pdf\">government had totally collapsed\u003c/a>, there was no electricity and employees had not been paid in eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/p/wha/rt/strat/\">U.S. aid programs\u003c/a> that Trump is cutting, nearly $500 million worth, were initiated by Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama. They have been aimed at deterring drug trafficking and migration by \u003ca href=\"https://www.wola.org/monitoring-assistance-central-america/\">strengthening the economies, governance and security\u003c/a> of Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. Most of the funds are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/01/world/americas/trump-central-america-aid.html\">channeled through non-governmental organizations.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made the move voicing frustration at continuing unauthorized migration, but analysts at the Migration Policy Institute and elsewhere say the long-term solution to Central American migration is to \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/policy-solutions-address-crisis-border-exist-require-will-staying-power\">stabilize the countries\u003c/a> people are leaving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Lack of Justice and Opportunity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36416_IMG_7934-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honduran asylum-seeker Saul Arzú plays with a baseball at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. He said the lawlessness in Honduras that forced him to flee began with a 2009 military coup that had the tacit support of the U.S. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he worked as a fisherman. As he watched the political situation unravel, he dreamed of attending university to study political science. But he said he couldn’t afford the tuition and didn’t have the right political connections because he believes the government is corrupt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then last year Arzú said he was approached by members of the Mara Salvatrucha, or MS-13 gang, who urged him to drive them across town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said I couldn’t do it,” he recounted. “Because if you work for them once, they won’t let you quit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the gang members followed him, but he got away. When he crossed paths with them a few days later, they threatened him, and Arzú said he knew he had to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a question of, ‘Oh, I hear the United States is beautiful.’ No,” he said, choking back emotion. “To leave the country where you’ve lived your whole life? It hits hard. You don’t want to cry. You don’t want to go. But you want to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he spoke, Arzú idly tossed a baseball from hand to hand. He looked around the spare but tidy shelter that is his temporary home. In a small kitchen, three women in hairnets shredded cabbage and carrots for the evening meal. Next to the rows of tents, kids and their parents lined up at a table for a children’s shoe giveaway, where they could try on donated sneakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738089\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-800x602.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-1200x903.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36418_IMG_7917-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents and children look through donated shoes at the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter in Tijuana on March 8, 2019. Migrants from Central America are waiting at the shelter to apply for asylum in the United States. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He has so far spent five months in Mexico, working his way north, but he said he doesn’t feel safe here either, having been robbed more than once. In the U.S., he said, the justice system seems more intact than in Mexico or Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can be killed anywhere,” said Arzú. “But if you’re killed in the United States, at least they would investigate. In Honduras? No. You’d just be a statistic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Waiting in Mexico\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, after a month’s wait, Arzú got his turn at the U.S. port of entry to ask for asylum. He said Customs and Border Protection officials kept him locked in a crowded underground cell with the air conditioning blasting for four days. He said Cell No. 31 had three metal bunks but contained 15 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the worst four days of my life,” said Arzú. “They treated me like a dog.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an interview with a Customs and Border Protection agent, Arzú was returned to Tijuana to await his immigration court date in San Diego because of the Trump administration’s new Migrant Protection Protocols, commonly known as the “remain in Mexico” policy, for asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arzú said he keeps telephoning the U.S. legal aid groups on a list provided by border officials, but he hasn’t found anyone to help him with his case. More than 80 percent of asylum-seekers without legal representation lose their cases, while more than half of those with a lawyer win asylum, \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asylum/\">according to data analysis\u003c/a> by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday morning, Arzú will return to the border crossing and officials will drive him to the federal immigration courthouse in San Diego, where he’ll try to make his case to a judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This reporting was supported by the International Women’s Media Foundation as part of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/programs/adelante/\">Adelante Latin America Reporting Initiative\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Trump Visits Calexico, Residents Worry About Rising Border Wall Tension",
"title": "As Trump Visits Calexico, Residents Worry About Rising Border Wall Tension",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11733635' label='More KQED Immigration Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"KQED Immigration Stories\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A 2-mile section of border fence was replaced last year with a 30-foot steel pole wall. Residents on both sides of the border are concerned about rising tensions around cross-border traffic.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is backing down from his threat to shut down the U.S. Southern border as soon as this week. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had issued the warning in a bid to curtail surging border crossings by asylum seekers from Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Latest From the Border\" tag=\"border-wall\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Trump is now giving Mexico \"a one-year warning\" to address his concerns about its handling of immigrants traveling through the country on the way to the United States. He also demanded that Mexico tamp down on the flow of drugs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Mexican government doesn't respond in a manner acceptable to Trump within 12 months, he says, he will take action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mexico understands that we're going to close the border or I'm going to tariff the cars — one or the other,\" Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would likely start off with the auto tariffs, saying that would be a \"very powerful incentive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's warning about shutting down the border had been met with intense resistance from Republicans and some business groups, who warned there would be severe \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/02/708999622/southern-border-closure-would-have-consequences-for-u-s-economy\">economic consequences\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has walked back his plan to close the border, Democrats in the House of Representatives are moving against another immigration policy put forward by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi has announced the House will sue to block Trump's decision to declare a national emergency in order to construct a wall on the Southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The President's sham emergency declaration and unlawful transfers of funds have undermined our democracy, contravening the vote of the bipartisan Congress, the will of the American people and the letter of the Constitution,\" Pelosi said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has argued that the situation at the border is a crisis and that the president is acting within his legal authority. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Walks+Back+Threat+To+Close+U.S.+Border%2C+Giving+Mexico+A+%271-Year+Warning%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:03 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Justice Department prepares a redacted version of the Mueller report for release later this month, the House Judiciary Committee authorized subpoenas for the full report and its underlying investigative evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='robert-mueller' label='More on the Mueller Report']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee also authorized subpoenas for figures in the Trump orbit, including former White House counsel Don McGahn; McGahn's former chief of staff Ann Donaldson; former adviser Steve Bannon; former spokesperson Hope Hicks; and former chief of staff Reince Priebus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are dealing now, not with the President's private affairs, but with a sustained attack on the integrity of the republic by the President and his closest advisors,\" said Democratic Chairman Jerrold Nadler of New York. \"This Committee requires the full report and the underlying materials because it is our job, not the Attorney General's, to determine whether or not President Trump has abused his office.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel split along partisan lines, resulting in a vote tally of 24-17 to back the subpoenas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the contentious session, Republicans objected even to small procedural measures such as proceeding without verbally reading out the subpoena resolution in its entirety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why is the chairman doing this?\" asked the committee's top Republican, Doug Collins of Georgia. \"Because even full compliance from these individuals wouldn't satisfy him. ... He's picking the fight because fighting makes good headlines, and because his caucus is desperate for dirt on this president.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General William Barr has promised to release a redacted version of the approximately 400 page Mueller report by \"mid-April, if not sooner.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said that the version he releases then will include redactions to grand jury information, intelligence information, information related to ongoing investigations and information that would \"unduly infringe on the personal privacy and reputational interests of peripheral third parties.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But congressional Democrats have demanded both a full accounting of special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation and for it to be provided to Congress sooner. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A deadline set by six House Democratic committee chairs for these materials passed on Tuesday without action by the attorney general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1113047970251931648\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president weighed in Tuesday, before the committee's proceedings, arguing \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1113047970251931648\">on Twitter\u003c/a> that \"with the NO COLLUSION Mueller Report, which the Dems hate, he wants it all. NOTHING WILL EVER SATISFY THEM!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department declined to comment on the House Judiciary Committee vote. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=House+Judiciary+Approves+Subpoena+For+Full+Mueller+Report+In+Party-Line+Vote&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Attorney General William Barr plans to give Congress the Mueller report in mid-April, but with some redactions. Democrats insist they should get the full report and the fight could end up in court.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:03 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Justice Department prepares a redacted version of the Mueller report for release later this month, the House Judiciary Committee authorized subpoenas for the full report and its underlying investigative evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee also authorized subpoenas for figures in the Trump orbit, including former White House counsel Don McGahn; McGahn's former chief of staff Ann Donaldson; former adviser Steve Bannon; former spokesperson Hope Hicks; and former chief of staff Reince Priebus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are dealing now, not with the President's private affairs, but with a sustained attack on the integrity of the republic by the President and his closest advisors,\" said Democratic Chairman Jerrold Nadler of New York. \"This Committee requires the full report and the underlying materials because it is our job, not the Attorney General's, to determine whether or not President Trump has abused his office.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel split along partisan lines, resulting in a vote tally of 24-17 to back the subpoenas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the contentious session, Republicans objected even to small procedural measures such as proceeding without verbally reading out the subpoena resolution in its entirety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why is the chairman doing this?\" asked the committee's top Republican, Doug Collins of Georgia. \"Because even full compliance from these individuals wouldn't satisfy him. ... He's picking the fight because fighting makes good headlines, and because his caucus is desperate for dirt on this president.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General William Barr has promised to release a redacted version of the approximately 400 page Mueller report by \"mid-April, if not sooner.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said that the version he releases then will include redactions to grand jury information, intelligence information, information related to ongoing investigations and information that would \"unduly infringe on the personal privacy and reputational interests of peripheral third parties.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But congressional Democrats have demanded both a full accounting of special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation and for it to be provided to Congress sooner. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A deadline set by six House Democratic committee chairs for these materials passed on Tuesday without action by the attorney general.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The president weighed in Tuesday, before the committee's proceedings, arguing \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1113047970251931648\">on Twitter\u003c/a> that \"with the NO COLLUSION Mueller Report, which the Dems hate, he wants it all. NOTHING WILL EVER SATISFY THEM!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department declined to comment on the House Judiciary Committee vote. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=House+Judiciary+Approves+Subpoena+For+Full+Mueller+Report+In+Party-Line+Vote&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "It's Not Just Avocados. Closing Mexico Border Would Hit U.S. Auto Plants Too",
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"content": "\u003cp>Frustrated by the large number of Central Americans who’ve been crossing the border from Mexico, President Trump has threatened to take dramatic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan']‘Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t stop ’em, we’re closing the border,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708170918/trump-threatens-to-close-southern-border-unless-mexico-blocks-all-illegal-immigr\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump warned Friday\u003c/a>. “They’ll close it. And we’ll keep it closed for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658607385/as-caravan-of-migrants-heads-north-trump-threatens-to-close-southern-u-s-border\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not the first time\u003c/a> Trump has sounded that warning. And so far he has not followed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halting cross-border traffic with one of the nation’s biggest trading partners could do serious damage to the U.S. economy, including industries located far from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='The latest immigration news']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s jobs that depend on moving goods back and forth every day. And if that’s not moving, those people are laid off,” Jungmeyer said. “That means those people are not able to keep the lights on in their own homes and to put groceries in their own refrigerators. So it gets really dicey, really quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects aren’t limited to the border region. Mexico is a critical supplier for companies throughout the U.S., including the highly integrated auto industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t just trade with each other. We’re making things together,” said Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan. “Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. assembly plants are especially dependent on Mexico for some critical parts such as wiring harnesses. Without them, those plants would soon grind to a halt. And that in turn would idle domestic parts makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll see auto production in the U.S. shut down pretty quickly. Some within hours and certainly the whole industry within days,” Dziczek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fallout from a complete border shutdown would be so fast and so sweeping it’s hard to take the president’s threat seriously, Dziczek said. But White House aides insist it’s a real possibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly isn’t a bluff,” White House counselor Kellyanne Conway told \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQesSTYk0KA&feature=youtu.be&t=524\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fox News Sunday\u003c/a>. “You can take the president seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies throughout the U.S. routinely make contingency plans for supply disruptions, but it’s impossible to prepare for something like a complete border shutdown. If the worst does happen, Dziczek joked that she does have one consolation: a stockpile of tequila that can last a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/business/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read more stories from NPR Business.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Not+Just+Avocados.+Closing+Mexico+Border+Would+Hit+U.S.+Auto+Plants+Too&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The House Judiciary Committee has scheduled a vote for Wednesday to authorize subpoenas for the full, un-redacted version of special counsel Robert Mueller's report, the committee announced Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That announcement followed Attorney General William Barr's statement that Congress and the public \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708128772/mueller-report-to-be-given-to-congress-by-mid-april-attorney-general-barr-says\">would have to wait until mid-April\u003c/a> to see a redacted version of the report, which Mueller submitted to Barr on March 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerrold Nadler, D-N.Y., had given Barr until Tuesday to submit a complete version of the roughly 400-page report, including underlying evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11735092,news_11734745' label='The Mueller Report']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As I have made clear, Congress requires the full and complete special counsel report, without redactions, as well as access to the underlying evidence,\" said Nadler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr's letter describing the report says it does not establish that President Trump and his 2016 presidential campaign conspired with Russia. The report also does not come to a conclusion about whether Trump obstructed justice as the investigation proceeded, Barr wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr wrote to members of Congress that he and Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein had determined that Mueller had not developed sufficient evidence to establish that Trump had committed an obstruction of justice offense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats accused Barr of trying to protect the president by suppressing details from the public. Barr's synopsis also left questions unanswered about many other aspects Mueller's investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr says he's following Justice Department guidelines and that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/28/707622007/democrats-demand-full-mueller-report-lay-out-argument-for-continued-investigatio\">the report must be redacted\u003c/a> to protect national security secrets, grand jury information and sensitive information about people who were not accused of any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The top Republican on the House Judiciary Committee was quick to defend Barr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Judiciary Democrats have escalated from setting arbitrary deadlines to demanding unredacted material that Congress does not, in truth, require and that the law does not allow to be shared outside the Justice Department,\" said ranking member Doug Collins, R-Ga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll last week \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/707713994/poll-after-barr-letter-overwhelming-majority-wants-full-mueller-report-released\">found overwhelming majorities\u003c/a> of those surveyed want to see the full report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr will likely face questions about his handling of the Mueller report next month. He's scheduled to appear before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/press/rep/releases/graham-statement-on-ag-barrs-update-on-mueller-report\">Senate Judiciary Committee on May 1\u003c/a> and has offered to testify before the \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/news/press-releases/chairman-nadler-responds-latest-letter-attorney-general-barr\">House Judiciary Committee the following day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Dublin, who sits on the Judiciary Committee, said lawmakers and the public need to see the whole report in order to protect the integrity of U.S. elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only way to protect the ballot box going forward is to understand who worked with the Russians, what vulnerabilities exist, what the government response was and then allow us to make reforms,\" said Swalwell, a possible presidential contender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he added, he's not expecting the attorney general to immediately cooperate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would mean that this administration is doing something it's never done before which is comply and be transparent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Ryan Levi contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The top Republican on the House Judiciary Committee was quick to defend Barr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Judiciary Democrats have escalated from setting arbitrary deadlines to demanding unredacted material that Congress does not, in truth, require and that the law does not allow to be shared outside the Justice Department,\" said ranking member Doug Collins, R-Ga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll last week \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/707713994/poll-after-barr-letter-overwhelming-majority-wants-full-mueller-report-released\">found overwhelming majorities\u003c/a> of those surveyed want to see the full report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr will likely face questions about his handling of the Mueller report next month. He's scheduled to appear before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/press/rep/releases/graham-statement-on-ag-barrs-update-on-mueller-report\">Senate Judiciary Committee on May 1\u003c/a> and has offered to testify before the \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/news/press-releases/chairman-nadler-responds-latest-letter-attorney-general-barr\">House Judiciary Committee the following day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Dublin, who sits on the Judiciary Committee, said lawmakers and the public need to see the whole report in order to protect the integrity of U.S. elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only way to protect the ballot box going forward is to understand who worked with the Russians, what vulnerabilities exist, what the government response was and then allow us to make reforms,\" said Swalwell, a possible presidential contender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he added, he's not expecting the attorney general to immediately cooperate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would mean that this administration is doing something it's never done before which is comply and be transparent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Ryan Levi contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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Pace understands the need to keep accurate records. But she thinks these letters were also intended to threaten employers who might have undocumented workers on the payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like the very old school formal government letter that scared you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of reasons someone’s Social Security number might not match: name changes or clerical errors, for example. But it can also mean that a worker is using a fake Social Security number. And when an employer gets one of these letters, it has to ask the worker to fix the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the federal government who is now questioning something, and we’re being the delivery boy so to speak in giving the message,” said Gary Gitlin, an in-house lawyer for Pro’s Ranch Market, a chain of grocery stores in Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to let a lot of people go” when his company got no-match letters in the past, Gitlin said, “because either they were not able to reconcile the no-match or simply refused to deal with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor unions and immigrant advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14887175\">took the issue to court\u003c/a> in the mid-2000s. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce complained that the government was trying to turn businesses into “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Judge-blocks-effort-to-use-no-match-letters-to-2497844.php\">immigration cops\u003c/a>.” Eventually, the Obama administration stopped sending these letters in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Immigration Crackdown in California\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. 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Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. But immigration hard-liners say they are glad to see no-match letters return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If an employee is using a stolen Social Security number, we think it’s important for relevant people to know,” said Dan Stein, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://fairus.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower levels of immigration. Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lawyer Michael Avenatti, who attained national prominence as a legal antagonist of President Trump, has been arrested on federal bank fraud and wire fraud charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors in California say he embezzled client money to pay his own expenses and debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avenatti was arrested in New York on separate federal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities there say he tried to extract more than $20 million from shoe giant Nike by threatening to use his ability to attract public attention if the company failed to meet his financial demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avenatti had written \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MichaelAvenatti/status/1110213957170749440\">on Twitter on Monday\u003c/a>, before the case against him was announced in New York, that he planned a press conference about “a major high school/college basketball scandal that we have uncovered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MichaelAvenatti/status/1110213957170749440\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoffrey Berman, the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, detailed the alleged scheme in a news conference on Monday. He described how investigators had recorded a phone call in which Avenatti threatened a lawyer for Nike unless the company met his demands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll go and I’ll go take $10 billion off your client’s market cap. But I’m not f***ing around,” he said, according to prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avenatti was to appear in federal court in New York City before Magistrate Judge Katharine H. Parker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He became a cable news fixture during the time he represented former adult film actress Stormy Daniels, who says she had a sexual relationship with Donald Trump years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avenatti also targeted Trump’s former personal lawyer, Michael Cohen, who has admitted to arranging a scheme in which Daniels was paid ahead of Election Day 2016 to keep quiet. Daniels was one of two women whom Cohen arranged to be paid at that time to minimize political problems for Trump, Cohen has since acknowledged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has acknowledged the payment to Daniels but denies the underlying allegations about a sexual relationship. But it wasn’t only in that case that Avenatti sought to cause problems for the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avenatti also alleged that Cohen had been reimbursed by a powerful Russian for the payment to Daniels — which became part of revelations about Cohen’s de facto lobbying business, in which he sought to sell access to Trump during the president’s first year in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Avenatti said he had a client who could corroborate allegations about Trump’s second nominee for the Supreme Court, Justice Brett Kavanaugh, although her charges were never substantiated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently Avenatti has had less time in the limelight. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/01/us/michael-avenatti-domestic-violence.html\">He was arrested\u003c/a> in connection with alleged domestic violence but not charged, and he lost his highest-profile client in Daniels, whose given name is Stephanie Clifford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniels \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/StormyDaniels/status/1110240069619572738\">wrote on Twitter\u003c/a> that she was “saddened but not shocked” by the news about Avenatti’s arrest on Monday, in part because she had decided weeks ago to “terminate Michael’s services after discovering that he had dealt with me extremely dishonestly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Attorney+Michael+Avenatti%2C+Sometime+Scourge+To+Trump%2C+Now+Faces+Federal+Charges&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Prosecutors in California and New York City announced charges against the well-known onetime attorney for Stormy Daniels. Avenatti also had a cameo in the Brett Kavanaugh confirmation saga.",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
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