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"content": "\u003cp>Sindy Ortiz Flores, 23, waited anxiously at San Francisco International Airport's Terminal 1 on Tuesday night, her gaze fixed on the stream of arriving passengers. Then Ortiz let out a sigh -- she had spotted her 18-month-old daughter, Grethshell Juliet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a woman carrying Grethshell from the plane handed her to her mother, the little girl began to wail. Ortiz also burst into tears, clutching her baby tight for the first time in more than a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Border Patrol agents took Grethshell from her father, Kevin Ventura Corrales, on Dec. 28, after arresting him and the baby near Calexico. The government moved to prosecute Ventura for illegally re-entering the United States. Grethshell was turned over to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, which placed her in a shelter in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes seven months after President Donald Trump signed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">executive order\u003c/a> halting most family separations at the border, and a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/document-federal-judge-orders-government-reunite-families\">ordered\u003c/a> the administration to end family separations, except in cases when the parent is unfit or a danger to the child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government records say Grethshell's family left Honduras on October 2018, fearing persecution if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz and her two older children got split up from her husband and Grethshell while in Mexico. Ortiz and the older kids made it to San Francisco, where relatives live. She said she is in the process of applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074813798_slide-540fd76cc9a78d0f54abeba6bd4348fdc5d1a3e8-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said their separation had been extremely difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt desperate and helpless, not knowing what do do,\" said Ortiz, as she waited for her baby at San Francisco International Airport. \"I've been so nervous, wondering whether they were going to give her back to me or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said she spent long weeks calling government agencies, first trying to locate Grethshell and then struggling to get her back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Castellanos, who works with the immigrant advocacy group Mijente, said the government initially demanded Ortiz pay $4,000 and provide a credit card number — neither of which Ortiz has — to cover the cost of her toddler's travel. Castellanos said that after the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/an-asylum-seekers-quest-to-get-her-toddler-back\">attracted media attention\u003c/a>, officials agreed to deliver the toddler to her mother without charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ventura, Grethshell's father, who is also seeking asylum, remained in immigration detention in Arizona as of Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials said Ventura was charged with illegal re-entry into the U.S., a felony with potential jail time if convicted, and had been previously removed from the country four times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-1026536026-e1547762507389.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ventura also had a previous misdemeanor for which he served less than a year in jail, said Assistant Chief Patrol Agent David Kim of the Border Patrol's El Centro sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The father was separated from the child because he was being criminally prosecuted for felony 8 USC 1326 (illegal re-entry),\" said Kim in a statement. \"Once a person is charged with a felony and they get rolled into the criminal process, a child is not going to accompany them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim and U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials did not further explain how Ventura was unfit or posed a danger to his child, the standard which would justify their separation under U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Fish, an attorney with Federal Defenders of San Diego, who represented Ventura in federal court, said the charge of illegal re-entry has been dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the airport Tuesday night, Ortiz had a message for Trump: \"Stop hurting families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Months after a judge ordered an end to most migrant family separations, an 18-month-old girl spent a month in government custody in Texas.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sindy Ortiz Flores, 23, waited anxiously at San Francisco International Airport's Terminal 1 on Tuesday night, her gaze fixed on the stream of arriving passengers. Then Ortiz let out a sigh -- she had spotted her 18-month-old daughter, Grethshell Juliet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a woman carrying Grethshell from the plane handed her to her mother, the little girl began to wail. Ortiz also burst into tears, clutching her baby tight for the first time in more than a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Border Patrol agents took Grethshell from her father, Kevin Ventura Corrales, on Dec. 28, after arresting him and the baby near Calexico. The government moved to prosecute Ventura for illegally re-entering the United States. Grethshell was turned over to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, which placed her in a shelter in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes seven months after President Donald Trump signed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">executive order\u003c/a> halting most family separations at the border, and a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/document-federal-judge-orders-government-reunite-families\">ordered\u003c/a> the administration to end family separations, except in cases when the parent is unfit or a danger to the child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government records say Grethshell's family left Honduras on October 2018, fearing persecution if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz and her two older children got split up from her husband and Grethshell while in Mexico. Ortiz and the older kids made it to San Francisco, where relatives live. She said she is in the process of applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074813798_slide-540fd76cc9a78d0f54abeba6bd4348fdc5d1a3e8-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said their separation had been extremely difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt desperate and helpless, not knowing what do do,\" said Ortiz, as she waited for her baby at San Francisco International Airport. \"I've been so nervous, wondering whether they were going to give her back to me or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said she spent long weeks calling government agencies, first trying to locate Grethshell and then struggling to get her back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Castellanos, who works with the immigrant advocacy group Mijente, said the government initially demanded Ortiz pay $4,000 and provide a credit card number — neither of which Ortiz has — to cover the cost of her toddler's travel. Castellanos said that after the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/an-asylum-seekers-quest-to-get-her-toddler-back\">attracted media attention\u003c/a>, officials agreed to deliver the toddler to her mother without charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ventura, Grethshell's father, who is also seeking asylum, remained in immigration detention in Arizona as of Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials said Ventura was charged with illegal re-entry into the U.S., a felony with potential jail time if convicted, and had been previously removed from the country four times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-1026536026-e1547762507389.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ventura also had a previous misdemeanor for which he served less than a year in jail, said Assistant Chief Patrol Agent David Kim of the Border Patrol's El Centro sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The father was separated from the child because he was being criminally prosecuted for felony 8 USC 1326 (illegal re-entry),\" said Kim in a statement. \"Once a person is charged with a felony and they get rolled into the criminal process, a child is not going to accompany them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim and U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials did not further explain how Ventura was unfit or posed a danger to his child, the standard which would justify their separation under U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Fish, an attorney with Federal Defenders of San Diego, who represented Ventura in federal court, said the charge of illegal re-entry has been dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the airport Tuesday night, Ortiz had a message for Trump: \"Stop hurting families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Administration Starts Returning Asylum-Seekers to Tijuana",
"title": "Trump Administration Starts Returning Asylum-Seekers to Tijuana",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration on Tuesday quietly launched an effort to make asylum-seekers wait in Mexico while their cases wind through U.S. immigration courts, despite clear reservations and conflicting messages from the Mexican government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. returned one asylum-seeker to Mexico — a Honduran man named Carlos Gomez — on the first day of what would be one of the most dramatic changes to the U.S. immigration system of Donald Trump's presidency, if the policy survives an anticipated legal challenge. Gomez, 55, arrived in Tijuana around midday and asked authorities for a ride to a migrant shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and U.S. authorities are asking San Diego-based nonprofits for help connecting asylum-seekers to legal services after they’re returned to Mexico. But Andrea Guerrero of Alliance San Diego said that's unrealistic, and that migrant advocacy groups don’t have the capacity to deal with this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's unreasonable to expect that they're going to be making international phone calls to access U.S.-based legal service providers who may or may not have the capacity to cross an international border,\" Guerrero said. She added that the new program \"undermines\" the due process rights of asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721178/one-shutdown-ends-another-begins\">One Shutdown Ends, Another Begins\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721178/one-shutdown-ends-another-begins\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/shut_012519_final-1020x767.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The only pro bono legal service provider in Tijuana is Al Otro Lado. Nicole Ramos, an attorney with the nonprofit, said it doesn't have the capacity to represent the number of individuals that the U.S. plans to return to Mexico, and that this program \"will complicate even the most basic presentation of a case,\" as well as expose asylum-seekers to historically high levels of violence in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican officials sent mixed signals on the crucial point of whether Mexico would impose limits on accepting families. Tonatiuh Guillen, commissioner of Mexico's National Immigration Institute, said Mexico would accept only people 18 to 60 years old, which rules out families with young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roberto Velasco, spokesman for Mexico's foreign relations secretary, said Friday that families would be considered case by case. And a Mexican official with direct knowledge of the process said Mexico requested that families be excluded from the policy but that the U.S. declined to make any commitment, conceding only to start with single adults. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because the deliberations were not public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The launch is limited to San Diego's San Ysidro border crossing, the nation's busiest, though Customs and Border Protection Commissioner Kevin McAleenan wrote in a memo released Tuesday that it is expected to expand to other crossings \"in the near future.\" Adding to a sense of confusion, Guillen said Mexico will allow it only at the one crossing that connects San Diego and Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katie Waldman, a Department of Homeland Security spokeswoman, insisted families will be included. A sharp increase in Central American families seeking asylum in the U.S. led to the Trump administration's dramatic move, and limiting families would diminish the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will be expanded across the entire Southwest border, and it will apply to family groups,\" Waldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen was in San Diego on Tuesday to observe the launch but had no public appearances. The U.S. Embassy in Mexico said in a news release that the program began Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's foreign relations secretary said Friday that the U.S. would start with 20 people a day. Two U.S. officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the deliberations were not public, said shortly before the launch that the policy would start with about 100 people a week in a trial period of up to 90 days in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The launch followed months of delicate talks between the U.S. and Mexico and marked a change to the U.S. asylum system that both the administration and asylum experts said was unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'With this policy, the Trump administration is purposefully keeping Central Americans in unsafe conditions without access to counsel and evidence in an effort to send them straight back to the hands of their persecutors.'\u003ccite>Dree Collopy, immigration lawyer and asylum expert\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Velasco, writing Monday in an opinion article in The Washington Post, outlined Mexico's doubts and said there \"are several technical-level questions ... that our two governments need to address to guarantee an adequate implementation of this unilateral policy.\" Mexico has repeatedly said the U.S. is acting alone, but it has pledged to issue temporary visas to the asylum-seekers, with permission to seek work authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The operational complexity of receiving asylum-seekers from the United States opens the door to new potential drawbacks,\" Velasco wrote. \"Mexico will keep raising these concerns to the United States, to adequately manage the situation while guaranteeing the orderly functioning of our border.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services said in a memo to employees that asylum officers would interview migrants to determine if they are \"more likely than not\" to be persecuted or tortured in Mexico while waiting for hearings in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they are not, they will be returned to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum-seekers will not be allowed to have attorneys at that initial screening held at border crossings \"given the limited capacity and resources,\" drawing swift criticism from immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With this policy, the Trump administration is purposefully keeping Central Americans in unsafe conditions without access to counsel and evidence in an effort to send them straight back to the hands of their persecutors,\" Dree Collopy, an immigration lawyer and asylum expert in Washington, wrote in an email. She regards the practice as illegal and contrary to U.S. obligations under domestic and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\">After 8-Month Separation, Asylum-Seeker Reconnects With 4-Year-Old Son\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/Migrant-Family-Reunited-IMG_1608-e1544576284259-1020x825.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Due largely to a court-imposed 20-day limit on detaining children, families are typically released in the U.S. with a notice to appear in immigration court. With a backlog of more than 800,000 cases, it can take years to settle cases, giving rise to what the administration calls \"catch and release.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen said last week that the \"migrant protection protocols\" being introduced in San Diego are a \"methodical common-sense\" approach to what she calls a humanitarian and security crisis on the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For far too long, our immigration system has been exploited by smugglers, traffickers and those who have no legal right to remain in the United States,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children traveling alone and Mexican asylum-seekers will be exempt from the program, as will \"criminals,\" people with a \"history of violence\" and those with physical or mental health issues, according to guidelines issued Tuesday by Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection said asylum-seekers would be given a sheet with information on the process and a list of free or low-cost legal service providers. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration on Tuesday quietly launched an effort to make asylum-seekers wait in Mexico while their cases wind through U.S. immigration courts, despite clear reservations and conflicting messages from the Mexican government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. returned one asylum-seeker to Mexico — a Honduran man named Carlos Gomez — on the first day of what would be one of the most dramatic changes to the U.S. immigration system of Donald Trump's presidency, if the policy survives an anticipated legal challenge. Gomez, 55, arrived in Tijuana around midday and asked authorities for a ride to a migrant shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican and U.S. authorities are asking San Diego-based nonprofits for help connecting asylum-seekers to legal services after they’re returned to Mexico. But Andrea Guerrero of Alliance San Diego said that's unrealistic, and that migrant advocacy groups don’t have the capacity to deal with this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's unreasonable to expect that they're going to be making international phone calls to access U.S.-based legal service providers who may or may not have the capacity to cross an international border,\" Guerrero said. She added that the new program \"undermines\" the due process rights of asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721178/one-shutdown-ends-another-begins\">One Shutdown Ends, Another Begins\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721178/one-shutdown-ends-another-begins\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/shut_012519_final-1020x767.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The only pro bono legal service provider in Tijuana is Al Otro Lado. Nicole Ramos, an attorney with the nonprofit, said it doesn't have the capacity to represent the number of individuals that the U.S. plans to return to Mexico, and that this program \"will complicate even the most basic presentation of a case,\" as well as expose asylum-seekers to historically high levels of violence in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican officials sent mixed signals on the crucial point of whether Mexico would impose limits on accepting families. Tonatiuh Guillen, commissioner of Mexico's National Immigration Institute, said Mexico would accept only people 18 to 60 years old, which rules out families with young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roberto Velasco, spokesman for Mexico's foreign relations secretary, said Friday that families would be considered case by case. And a Mexican official with direct knowledge of the process said Mexico requested that families be excluded from the policy but that the U.S. declined to make any commitment, conceding only to start with single adults. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because the deliberations were not public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The launch is limited to San Diego's San Ysidro border crossing, the nation's busiest, though Customs and Border Protection Commissioner Kevin McAleenan wrote in a memo released Tuesday that it is expected to expand to other crossings \"in the near future.\" Adding to a sense of confusion, Guillen said Mexico will allow it only at the one crossing that connects San Diego and Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katie Waldman, a Department of Homeland Security spokeswoman, insisted families will be included. A sharp increase in Central American families seeking asylum in the U.S. led to the Trump administration's dramatic move, and limiting families would diminish the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will be expanded across the entire Southwest border, and it will apply to family groups,\" Waldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen was in San Diego on Tuesday to observe the launch but had no public appearances. The U.S. Embassy in Mexico said in a news release that the program began Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's foreign relations secretary said Friday that the U.S. would start with 20 people a day. Two U.S. officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the deliberations were not public, said shortly before the launch that the policy would start with about 100 people a week in a trial period of up to 90 days in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The launch followed months of delicate talks between the U.S. and Mexico and marked a change to the U.S. asylum system that both the administration and asylum experts said was unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'With this policy, the Trump administration is purposefully keeping Central Americans in unsafe conditions without access to counsel and evidence in an effort to send them straight back to the hands of their persecutors.'\u003ccite>Dree Collopy, immigration lawyer and asylum expert\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Velasco, writing Monday in an opinion article in The Washington Post, outlined Mexico's doubts and said there \"are several technical-level questions ... that our two governments need to address to guarantee an adequate implementation of this unilateral policy.\" Mexico has repeatedly said the U.S. is acting alone, but it has pledged to issue temporary visas to the asylum-seekers, with permission to seek work authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The operational complexity of receiving asylum-seekers from the United States opens the door to new potential drawbacks,\" Velasco wrote. \"Mexico will keep raising these concerns to the United States, to adequately manage the situation while guaranteeing the orderly functioning of our border.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services said in a memo to employees that asylum officers would interview migrants to determine if they are \"more likely than not\" to be persecuted or tortured in Mexico while waiting for hearings in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they are not, they will be returned to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum-seekers will not be allowed to have attorneys at that initial screening held at border crossings \"given the limited capacity and resources,\" drawing swift criticism from immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With this policy, the Trump administration is purposefully keeping Central Americans in unsafe conditions without access to counsel and evidence in an effort to send them straight back to the hands of their persecutors,\" Dree Collopy, an immigration lawyer and asylum expert in Washington, wrote in an email. She regards the practice as illegal and contrary to U.S. obligations under domestic and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\">After 8-Month Separation, Asylum-Seeker Reconnects With 4-Year-Old Son\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/Migrant-Family-Reunited-IMG_1608-e1544576284259-1020x825.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Due largely to a court-imposed 20-day limit on detaining children, families are typically released in the U.S. with a notice to appear in immigration court. With a backlog of more than 800,000 cases, it can take years to settle cases, giving rise to what the administration calls \"catch and release.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen said last week that the \"migrant protection protocols\" being introduced in San Diego are a \"methodical common-sense\" approach to what she calls a humanitarian and security crisis on the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For far too long, our immigration system has been exploited by smugglers, traffickers and those who have no legal right to remain in the United States,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children traveling alone and Mexican asylum-seekers will be exempt from the program, as will \"criminals,\" people with a \"history of violence\" and those with physical or mental health issues, according to guidelines issued Tuesday by Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection said asylum-seekers would be given a sheet with information on the process and a list of free or low-cost legal service providers. U.S. authorities will provide transportation between the border and the courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guillen said Mexico's temporary visas would last for a maximum of 120 days. The Mexican official said U.S. asylum judges are expected to render final decisions within 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KPBS reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/staff/jean-guerrero/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jean Guerrero\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fewer Asylum-Seekers Checking Waitlist Status at U.S.-Mexico Border in Tijuana",
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"content": "\u003cp>Since late November, asylum-seeking migrants have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">gathering regularly\u003c/a> in the early hours near the El Chaparral Plaza at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in Tijuana, hoping to hear their names read from a very, very long list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list, which still has nearly 4,000 names on it and is maintained by the asylum-seekers themselves, determines who may line up to legally enter the United States on a given day to apply for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the number of migrants turning up when their names are called has been thinning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants are from the so-called migrant caravan of Central Americans, which arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border at the end of November. Some have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708380/with-thousands-of-migrants-reaching-border-the-waiting-list-for-asylum-grows\">waiting for weeks, even months,\u003c/a> for their names to be called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers working to help asylum-seekers — many of whom are fleeing gang and domestic violence in their home countries — cited \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">shelter shutdowns\u003c/a> and simply the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708668/migrants-cope-with-close-quarters-squalid-conditions-at-border\">challenging state\u003c/a> the migrants were forced to wait in, as some of the reasons why migrants were not showing up in greater numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelita Simone, who volunteers with the asylum-seekers, talked about the impact of shelter closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just shut down Benito Juarez, one of the shelters here close by, where people were staying,” she said. “They had to move people to different shelters. [Migrants] don’t know how to get here. They have to pay for transportation to get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simone has been helping coordinate travel for migrants between a large shelter on the east side of Tijuana and the San Ysidro Port of Entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone's number is called and they are not present, Simone and other volunteers have tried to locate that person so they can enter the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they’ve gone as high as 400 names, and that was two days ago, in order for 40 people to pass,” said Rebecca Brogdon, a retired nurse from Santa Cruz volunteering to help asylum-seekers keep their place in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 8, for example, 30 people who were not present previously were allowed to cross the U.S. border. A total of 60 people were allowed to enter the United States that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list is read until all available slots being offered by the U.S. government that day are filled. Overall, the number of asylum-seekers processed each day has gone down since the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714240/new-policy-adds-to-complexity-for-migrants-in-mexico-seeking-u-s-asylum\">New Policy Adds to Complexity for Migrants in Mexico Seeking U.S. Asylum\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714240/new-policy-adds-to-complexity-for-migrants-in-mexico-seeking-u-s-asylum\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34155_Nolvia-Romero-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Limiting the number of people who can enter each day was enacted under a policy dubbed “metering.” The slowdown in processing has forced asylum-seekers to study options other than waiting around for weeks and months to be processed in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know people who have taken all different types of migration strategies,” said Jillian White, another volunteer. “Some people who have truly found it uncomfortable here had to make very difficult decisions about going back to countries where they don’t feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White also said there are people who aren't able to wait around to be called from the list, and “do whatever they can to access their legal right to ask for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families apprehended crossing the U.S. between ports of entry have risen every month since the Trump administration began its metering policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With almost 4,000 numbers still on the list, there are still enough people showing up every day to fill the slots that the U.S. government has made available, even as the crowd waiting in the plaza has begun to thin out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This week feels emptier than even last week, which feels a little emptier than a week before,” said White.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to the ongoing partial government shutdown, U.S. Customs and Border Protection did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Since late November, asylum-seeking migrants have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">gathering regularly\u003c/a> in the early hours near the El Chaparral Plaza at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in Tijuana, hoping to hear their names read from a very, very long list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list, which still has nearly 4,000 names on it and is maintained by the asylum-seekers themselves, determines who may line up to legally enter the United States on a given day to apply for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the number of migrants turning up when their names are called has been thinning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants are from the so-called migrant caravan of Central Americans, which arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border at the end of November. Some have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708380/with-thousands-of-migrants-reaching-border-the-waiting-list-for-asylum-grows\">waiting for weeks, even months,\u003c/a> for their names to be called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers working to help asylum-seekers — many of whom are fleeing gang and domestic violence in their home countries — cited \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">shelter shutdowns\u003c/a> and simply the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708668/migrants-cope-with-close-quarters-squalid-conditions-at-border\">challenging state\u003c/a> the migrants were forced to wait in, as some of the reasons why migrants were not showing up in greater numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelita Simone, who volunteers with the asylum-seekers, talked about the impact of shelter closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just shut down Benito Juarez, one of the shelters here close by, where people were staying,” she said. “They had to move people to different shelters. [Migrants] don’t know how to get here. They have to pay for transportation to get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simone has been helping coordinate travel for migrants between a large shelter on the east side of Tijuana and the San Ysidro Port of Entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone's number is called and they are not present, Simone and other volunteers have tried to locate that person so they can enter the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they’ve gone as high as 400 names, and that was two days ago, in order for 40 people to pass,” said Rebecca Brogdon, a retired nurse from Santa Cruz volunteering to help asylum-seekers keep their place in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 8, for example, 30 people who were not present previously were allowed to cross the U.S. border. A total of 60 people were allowed to enter the United States that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list is read until all available slots being offered by the U.S. government that day are filled. Overall, the number of asylum-seekers processed each day has gone down since the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714240/new-policy-adds-to-complexity-for-migrants-in-mexico-seeking-u-s-asylum\">New Policy Adds to Complexity for Migrants in Mexico Seeking U.S. Asylum\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714240/new-policy-adds-to-complexity-for-migrants-in-mexico-seeking-u-s-asylum\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34155_Nolvia-Romero-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Limiting the number of people who can enter each day was enacted under a policy dubbed “metering.” The slowdown in processing has forced asylum-seekers to study options other than waiting around for weeks and months to be processed in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know people who have taken all different types of migration strategies,” said Jillian White, another volunteer. “Some people who have truly found it uncomfortable here had to make very difficult decisions about going back to countries where they don’t feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White also said there are people who aren't able to wait around to be called from the list, and “do whatever they can to access their legal right to ask for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families apprehended crossing the U.S. between ports of entry have risen every month since the Trump administration began its metering policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With almost 4,000 numbers still on the list, there are still enough people showing up every day to fill the slots that the U.S. government has made available, even as the crowd waiting in the plaza has begun to thin out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This week feels emptier than even last week, which feels a little emptier than a week before,” said White.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to the ongoing partial government shutdown, U.S. Customs and Border Protection did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Policy Adds to Complexity for Migrants in Mexico Seeking U.S. Asylum",
"title": "New Policy Adds to Complexity for Migrants in Mexico Seeking U.S. Asylum",
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"content": "\u003cp>Standing outside a makeshift shelter in Tijuana, Nolvia Dionisia Romero said it took nearly a month to travel from her home in Honduras to the U.S.-Mexico border in a caravan with thousands of other Central American migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came because of death threats,” said Romero, 39, in Spanish. She said her goal is to seek asylum in the United States and try to reunite with her sister in Minnesota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gang member killed her nephew, she said, and demanded Romero pay a weekly “protection fee,” about $61 dollars, or lose her own life. She scraped together the money for months, until she couldn’t pay anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when I joined the caravan,” said Romero, who used to sell vegetables at a market stand. “If you don’t pay, they’ll kill you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romero said she had no idea of what would happen to her once she asked U.S. border officials for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, I don’t know anything about that,” she said. Romero added that she initially believed she’d be able to cross the U.S. border quickly, but had been waiting in Tijuana for weeks, surviving on donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Romero, most asylum seekers don’t know much about the U.S. immigration system or efforts by the Trump administration to restrict asylum benefits, attorneys say. And a new federal policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713990/trump-administration-will-send-asylum-seekers-to-mexico-while-claims-are-processed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Thursday\u003c/a> could further complicate the situation by pushing asylum seekers back across the border to wait in Mexico while their asylum claims are decided in the U.S., a process which can take months or years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/12/20/secretary-nielsen-announces-historic-action-confront-illegal-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> the policy change aims to reduce “false” asylum claims, and combat the “overwhelming” backlog of more than 786,000 pending cases in immigration courts nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen and other officials in the Trump administration maintain that the asylum system is being exploited by migrants solely seeking economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aliens trying to game the system to get into our country illegally will no longer be able to disappear into the United States, where many skip their court dates,”\u003cbr>\nsaid Nielsen in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/detaining-families-a-study-of-asylum-adjudication-in-family-detention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> this year by the American Immigration Council shows 96 percent of non-detained families applying for asylum show up for all their court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new asylum protocol was almost immediately criticized by lawmakers and immigrant advocates. After Nielsen announced the new policy at a House Judiciary Committee hearing, San Jose Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who sits on the committee, told the Homeland Security Secretary legal challenges would ensue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll be seen in court,” said Lofgren, an immigration attorney. “Your policy does not adhere to the requirements of the immigration law. If it does, the rest of the immigration law might as well not be written.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum rules have never been simple. But they’ve been shifting rapidly in recent months, as the Trump administration issues new restrictions and immigrant advocates sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713574/judge-blocks-trump-policies-on-who-can-apply-for-asylum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal judge in San Francisco\u003c/a> temporarily blocked the Trump administration from enforcing another recent policy that sought to disqualify asylum seekers who entered the country illegally between official ports of entry. Also Wednesday, a federal judge in Washington, D.C. overturned a Justice Department ruling from June that had made it harder for people fleeing gang and domestic violence to win asylum. The federal government is expected to appeal both rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates decried the new policy of forcing people to wait in Mexico as another way to unlawfully restrict asylum applicants and further imperil their safety. Many Mexican border cities are among the most violent in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana, where Nolvia Dionisia Romero and thousands of Central American migrants are encamped, is Mexico’s most violent city, with 1,618 homicide cases in 2017, according to official \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/180411_DrugViolenceinMexico-12mb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mexico is not a safe harbor for many of the people who are trying to make their way into the United States,” said David Shirk, who directs the Justice in Mexico project at the University of San Diego. “There's a decades long history of Central American migrants being targeted for abuse and predatory crimes in Mexico not only by criminals but by Mexican authorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/migrant-caravan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">migrants from the caravan\u003c/a> are now waiting in Tijuana, unable to cross to the U.S., some are beginning to realize how difficult the asylum process could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorney Lisa Knox said it’s common for migrants like Romero to flee persecution and violence in their home countries without much knowledge of the U.S. immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have no choice, right? Like, they're fleeing for their lives and so they're not are not stopping to get information,” said Knox, who works at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until Thursday’s announcement, the Trump administration had pursued a policy of keeping more asylum applicants detained in immigration jails while their claims are adjudicated. Knox said many of her clients didn’t realize they would be locked up for months by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or separated from relatives when they requested asylum at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not knowing that was going to happen makes it so much worse,” said Knox. “It really exacerbates the trauma they’ve already experienced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Knox traveled to Tijuana with other volunteer attorneys to provide legal orientations about the asylum process and the rights of migrants, so people like Romero could make a more informed decision on whether to present their claims to U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these folks do have good claims but without knowing the law and without having attorneys they may not be able to put those forward,” said Knox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one in 10 applicants without a lawyer won asylum in 2017, compared to half of those who had a lawyer, according to government \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/491/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">figures\u003c/a> compiled by researchers at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its announcement Thursday, the Department of Homeland Security issued no details on how asylum seekers, who often lack money and resources, will be able to attend hearings in U.S. immigration courts, or find U.S. immigration attorneys, if they are unable to come into this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While DHS said asylum applicants will be given a “notice to appear” for court hearings, it’s unclear how those documents will be delivered, when migrants lack a stable place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DHS did not immediately respond to a request for more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tijuana, dozens of U.S. legal workers have volunteered each week since the largest caravan arrived in the city last month. An additional 500 paralegals, law students and attorneys have signed up to provide pro bono services in the coming weeks, said Katharine Gordon, a coordinator with the nonprofit legal aid group Al Otro Lado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outpouring has been unlike anything I’ve ever seen,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nolvia Dionisia Romero, the Honduran woman who traveled to Tijuana to request asylum, said she is very interested in consulting with a U.S. attorney about her prospects. But as she waited in the backlog of asylum hopefuls in Tijuana, she had a more urgent priority: finding work, so she can survive the potentially months-long stay in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought I’d be able to cross the border right away,” she said. “I didn’t expect to be here so many days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Polly Stryker and Ted Goldberg contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Standing outside a makeshift shelter in Tijuana, Nolvia Dionisia Romero said it took nearly a month to travel from her home in Honduras to the U.S.-Mexico border in a caravan with thousands of other Central American migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came because of death threats,” said Romero, 39, in Spanish. She said her goal is to seek asylum in the United States and try to reunite with her sister in Minnesota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gang member killed her nephew, she said, and demanded Romero pay a weekly “protection fee,” about $61 dollars, or lose her own life. She scraped together the money for months, until she couldn’t pay anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when I joined the caravan,” said Romero, who used to sell vegetables at a market stand. “If you don’t pay, they’ll kill you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romero said she had no idea of what would happen to her once she asked U.S. border officials for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, I don’t know anything about that,” she said. Romero added that she initially believed she’d be able to cross the U.S. border quickly, but had been waiting in Tijuana for weeks, surviving on donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Romero, most asylum seekers don’t know much about the U.S. immigration system or efforts by the Trump administration to restrict asylum benefits, attorneys say. And a new federal policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713990/trump-administration-will-send-asylum-seekers-to-mexico-while-claims-are-processed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced Thursday\u003c/a> could further complicate the situation by pushing asylum seekers back across the border to wait in Mexico while their asylum claims are decided in the U.S., a process which can take months or years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/12/20/secretary-nielsen-announces-historic-action-confront-illegal-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> the policy change aims to reduce “false” asylum claims, and combat the “overwhelming” backlog of more than 786,000 pending cases in immigration courts nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen and other officials in the Trump administration maintain that the asylum system is being exploited by migrants solely seeking economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aliens trying to game the system to get into our country illegally will no longer be able to disappear into the United States, where many skip their court dates,”\u003cbr>\nsaid Nielsen in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/detaining-families-a-study-of-asylum-adjudication-in-family-detention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> this year by the American Immigration Council shows 96 percent of non-detained families applying for asylum show up for all their court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new asylum protocol was almost immediately criticized by lawmakers and immigrant advocates. After Nielsen announced the new policy at a House Judiciary Committee hearing, San Jose Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who sits on the committee, told the Homeland Security Secretary legal challenges would ensue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You'll be seen in court,” said Lofgren, an immigration attorney. “Your policy does not adhere to the requirements of the immigration law. If it does, the rest of the immigration law might as well not be written.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum rules have never been simple. But they’ve been shifting rapidly in recent months, as the Trump administration issues new restrictions and immigrant advocates sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713574/judge-blocks-trump-policies-on-who-can-apply-for-asylum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal judge in San Francisco\u003c/a> temporarily blocked the Trump administration from enforcing another recent policy that sought to disqualify asylum seekers who entered the country illegally between official ports of entry. Also Wednesday, a federal judge in Washington, D.C. overturned a Justice Department ruling from June that had made it harder for people fleeing gang and domestic violence to win asylum. The federal government is expected to appeal both rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates decried the new policy of forcing people to wait in Mexico as another way to unlawfully restrict asylum applicants and further imperil their safety. Many Mexican border cities are among the most violent in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana, where Nolvia Dionisia Romero and thousands of Central American migrants are encamped, is Mexico’s most violent city, with 1,618 homicide cases in 2017, according to official \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/180411_DrugViolenceinMexico-12mb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mexico is not a safe harbor for many of the people who are trying to make their way into the United States,” said David Shirk, who directs the Justice in Mexico project at the University of San Diego. “There's a decades long history of Central American migrants being targeted for abuse and predatory crimes in Mexico not only by criminals but by Mexican authorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/migrant-caravan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">migrants from the caravan\u003c/a> are now waiting in Tijuana, unable to cross to the U.S., some are beginning to realize how difficult the asylum process could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorney Lisa Knox said it’s common for migrants like Romero to flee persecution and violence in their home countries without much knowledge of the U.S. immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have no choice, right? Like, they're fleeing for their lives and so they're not are not stopping to get information,” said Knox, who works at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until Thursday’s announcement, the Trump administration had pursued a policy of keeping more asylum applicants detained in immigration jails while their claims are adjudicated. Knox said many of her clients didn’t realize they would be locked up for months by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or separated from relatives when they requested asylum at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not knowing that was going to happen makes it so much worse,” said Knox. “It really exacerbates the trauma they’ve already experienced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Knox traveled to Tijuana with other volunteer attorneys to provide legal orientations about the asylum process and the rights of migrants, so people like Romero could make a more informed decision on whether to present their claims to U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these folks do have good claims but without knowing the law and without having attorneys they may not be able to put those forward,” said Knox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one in 10 applicants without a lawyer won asylum in 2017, compared to half of those who had a lawyer, according to government \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/491/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">figures\u003c/a> compiled by researchers at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its announcement Thursday, the Department of Homeland Security issued no details on how asylum seekers, who often lack money and resources, will be able to attend hearings in U.S. immigration courts, or find U.S. immigration attorneys, if they are unable to come into this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While DHS said asylum applicants will be given a “notice to appear” for court hearings, it’s unclear how those documents will be delivered, when migrants lack a stable place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DHS did not immediately respond to a request for more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tijuana, dozens of U.S. legal workers have volunteered each week since the largest caravan arrived in the city last month. An additional 500 paralegals, law students and attorneys have signed up to provide pro bono services in the coming weeks, said Katharine Gordon, a coordinator with the nonprofit legal aid group Al Otro Lado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outpouring has been unlike anything I’ve ever seen,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nolvia Dionisia Romero, the Honduran woman who traveled to Tijuana to request asylum, said she is very interested in consulting with a U.S. attorney about her prospects. But as she waited in the backlog of asylum hopefuls in Tijuana, she had a more urgent priority: finding work, so she can survive the potentially months-long stay in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought I’d be able to cross the border right away,” she said. “I didn’t expect to be here so many days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Polly Stryker and Ted Goldberg contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Administration Will Send Asylum-Seekers to Mexico While Claims Are Processed",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 2:20 p.m. ET\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants who cross the U.S. southern border and seek asylum will be required to wait in Mexico while their claims are being processed, Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, most people requesting asylum are allowed to stay in the U.S. — sometimes in detention — while their claim is pending in immigration court. The new policy will send such migrants to Mexico for the duration of that process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's true regardless of the migrants' country of origin: Many people crossing the U.S.-Mexico border are not Mexican but are fleeing violence in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\" 'Catch and release' will be replaced with 'catch and return,' \" Nielsen said, using the Trump administration's preferred term for current U.S. asylum claim practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigrants will still be interviewed by a U.S. asylum officer, but they will no longer be released into the interior with a notice to appear in immigration court. The Department of Homeland Security has long complained that many applicants simply disappear and never show up for their hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking before lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikSKVIYaLVQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on Thursday\u003c/a>, Nielsen also emphasized that DHS cannot detain families with children for more than a few weeks under U.S. law, which is not enough time for an asylum claim to be processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the Trump administration began separating children from parents who were being prosecuted for illegally crossing the border, a policy that horrified many Americans and was ultimately found to be illegal. Sending families back to Mexico would provide an alternative method for the administration to avoid releasing such families into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston immigration attorney Ruby Powers just returned from Tijuana, Mexico, where thousands of immigrants are waiting in makeshift camps to apply for asylum at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. After learning of the sweeping DHS announcement, she said, \"This is going to cause utter chaos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers said migrant shelters in Mexican border cities are already full and can hardly handle asylum applicants who are told to return to Mexico and wait. She said immigration lawyers like her will find it logistically difficult to assist clients with their immigration cases since they will be in Mexico, some without phones or internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the ultimate plan is to prevent people from wanting to apply for asylum so they won't come to the United States,\" Powers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mexican government, while affirming its own sovereign rights to determine who enters the country, said it would allow the practice. Mexico also said it would extend some rights and protections to the non-Mexican asylum-seekers on Mexican soil who await immigration hearings in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The migrants will receive humanitarian visas, have the opportunity to apply for work permits and have access to legal services, Mexico said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a major policy reversal for the Mexican government, which has traditionally refused to accept third-country migrants from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new shift will very likely be seen as a capitulation by Mexico's new president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, as he tries to maintain cordial relations with President Trump. The Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/14/676652909/mexico-is-looking-to-the-u-s-to-fund-their-migrant-marshall-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said earlier this week\u003c/a> that it will contribute nearly $6 billion toward Mexico's recently announced $30 billion development plan for the southern part of the country and three Central American countries, in hopes of creating jobs and opportunities so people from the region won't have to migrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/deal-with-mexico-paves-way-for-asylum-overhaul-at-us-border/2018/11/24/87b9570a-ef74-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.d999cd3fdff8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported\u003c/a> that the Trump administration had reached a deal with Mexico to allow asylum-seekers to remain south of the border while their claims were processed. However, governments of both countries would not publicly confirm that a plan was in place, in part because the new president was days away from taking power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement on Thursday appears to confirm those early reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, said there were questions about the legality of such a proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One thing we know right off the bat is that it cannot be legal unless they can assure all the asylum-seekers who will be stranded in Mexico ... will be safe — not only from persecution by state actors in Mexico, but by criminal gangs,\" Gelernt told NPR. \"And from what we know about what's going on, we see no likelihood that that is going to be true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Jacinta Ma, director of policy and advocacy at the National Immigration Forum, agreed that the proposal raises legal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would definitely expect a legal challenge, especially seeing all the legal challenges filed against the Trump administration on immigration matters,\" she told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes during a time of close national attention to issues of immigration and asylum, as Trump continues to denounce migration as a national security threat, and critics of the administration's actions accuse the White House of inhumane policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent arrival of a \"caravan\" of Central American migrants at the U.S. Southern border brought fresh attention to asylum-seekers, particularly after a clash between protesters and Border Patrol agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been setting limits on the number of people allowed to claim asylum at those ports of entry per day. The result has been a massive backlog of migrants waiting to claim asylum — in addition to a backlog of migrants who have claimed asylum and are awaiting processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/13/676622047/7-year-old-migrant-girl-dies-of-dehydration-and-shock-in-border-patrol-custody\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 7-year-old migrant girl\u003c/a> in Border Patrol custody this month has brought fresh outrage to the debate, as did the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/20/678557712/mexican-authorities-arrest-3-suspects-in-the-murder-of-2-honduran-teenagers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">killing of two Honduran teens last weekend.\u003c/a> The teenagers were killed in downtown Tijuana, not far from a migrant shelter for unaccompanied minors, where they were staying while they waited to start an asylum claim with the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Trump continues to seek funding for his border wall, which he had originally claimed would be paid for by Mexico. He recently said that Mexico is essentially paying for the wall through the new deal to replace NAFTA, a claim that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/20/678557749/fact-check-border-wall-funding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not true. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Will+Send+Asylum-Seekers+To+Mexico+While+Claims+Are+Processed&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday, 2:20 p.m. ET\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants who cross the U.S. southern border and seek asylum will be required to wait in Mexico while their claims are being processed, Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, most people requesting asylum are allowed to stay in the U.S. — sometimes in detention — while their claim is pending in immigration court. The new policy will send such migrants to Mexico for the duration of that process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's true regardless of the migrants' country of origin: Many people crossing the U.S.-Mexico border are not Mexican but are fleeing violence in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\" 'Catch and release' will be replaced with 'catch and return,' \" Nielsen said, using the Trump administration's preferred term for current U.S. asylum claim practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigrants will still be interviewed by a U.S. asylum officer, but they will no longer be released into the interior with a notice to appear in immigration court. The Department of Homeland Security has long complained that many applicants simply disappear and never show up for their hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking before lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikSKVIYaLVQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on Thursday\u003c/a>, Nielsen also emphasized that DHS cannot detain families with children for more than a few weeks under U.S. law, which is not enough time for an asylum claim to be processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the Trump administration began separating children from parents who were being prosecuted for illegally crossing the border, a policy that horrified many Americans and was ultimately found to be illegal. Sending families back to Mexico would provide an alternative method for the administration to avoid releasing such families into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston immigration attorney Ruby Powers just returned from Tijuana, Mexico, where thousands of immigrants are waiting in makeshift camps to apply for asylum at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. After learning of the sweeping DHS announcement, she said, \"This is going to cause utter chaos.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers said migrant shelters in Mexican border cities are already full and can hardly handle asylum applicants who are told to return to Mexico and wait. She said immigration lawyers like her will find it logistically difficult to assist clients with their immigration cases since they will be in Mexico, some without phones or internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the ultimate plan is to prevent people from wanting to apply for asylum so they won't come to the United States,\" Powers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mexican government, while affirming its own sovereign rights to determine who enters the country, said it would allow the practice. Mexico also said it would extend some rights and protections to the non-Mexican asylum-seekers on Mexican soil who await immigration hearings in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The migrants will receive humanitarian visas, have the opportunity to apply for work permits and have access to legal services, Mexico said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a major policy reversal for the Mexican government, which has traditionally refused to accept third-country migrants from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new shift will very likely be seen as a capitulation by Mexico's new president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, as he tries to maintain cordial relations with President Trump. The Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/14/676652909/mexico-is-looking-to-the-u-s-to-fund-their-migrant-marshall-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said earlier this week\u003c/a> that it will contribute nearly $6 billion toward Mexico's recently announced $30 billion development plan for the southern part of the country and three Central American countries, in hopes of creating jobs and opportunities so people from the region won't have to migrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/deal-with-mexico-paves-way-for-asylum-overhaul-at-us-border/2018/11/24/87b9570a-ef74-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.d999cd3fdff8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported\u003c/a> that the Trump administration had reached a deal with Mexico to allow asylum-seekers to remain south of the border while their claims were processed. However, governments of both countries would not publicly confirm that a plan was in place, in part because the new president was days away from taking power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement on Thursday appears to confirm those early reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, said there were questions about the legality of such a proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One thing we know right off the bat is that it cannot be legal unless they can assure all the asylum-seekers who will be stranded in Mexico ... will be safe — not only from persecution by state actors in Mexico, but by criminal gangs,\" Gelernt told NPR. \"And from what we know about what's going on, we see no likelihood that that is going to be true.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Jacinta Ma, director of policy and advocacy at the National Immigration Forum, agreed that the proposal raises legal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would definitely expect a legal challenge, especially seeing all the legal challenges filed against the Trump administration on immigration matters,\" she told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes during a time of close national attention to issues of immigration and asylum, as Trump continues to denounce migration as a national security threat, and critics of the administration's actions accuse the White House of inhumane policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent arrival of a \"caravan\" of Central American migrants at the U.S. Southern border brought fresh attention to asylum-seekers, particularly after a clash between protesters and Border Patrol agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been setting limits on the number of people allowed to claim asylum at those ports of entry per day. The result has been a massive backlog of migrants waiting to claim asylum — in addition to a backlog of migrants who have claimed asylum and are awaiting processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/13/676622047/7-year-old-migrant-girl-dies-of-dehydration-and-shock-in-border-patrol-custody\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 7-year-old migrant girl\u003c/a> in Border Patrol custody this month has brought fresh outrage to the debate, as did the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/20/678557712/mexican-authorities-arrest-3-suspects-in-the-murder-of-2-honduran-teenagers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">killing of two Honduran teens last weekend.\u003c/a> The teenagers were killed in downtown Tijuana, not far from a migrant shelter for unaccompanied minors, where they were staying while they waited to start an asylum claim with the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Trump continues to seek funding for his border wall, which he had originally claimed would be paid for by Mexico. He recently said that Mexico is essentially paying for the wall through the new deal to replace NAFTA, a claim that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/20/678557749/fact-check-border-wall-funding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not true. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Will+Send+Asylum-Seekers+To+Mexico+While+Claims+Are+Processed&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judges in Two Cases Block Trump Asylum Restrictions",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5 p.m. Wednesday, Dec. 19\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday blocked Trump administration policies that prevented immigrants who suffered gang violence or domestic violence in their home countries from seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in San Francisco, another \u003ca href=\"https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2018/12/99%20Order%20Granting%20Preliminary%20Injunction%202018.12.19%20%281%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal judge ruled\u003c/a> to continue blocking the administration from denying asylum to people who entered the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Judge Blocks Restrictions on Who Can Apply for Asylum\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In Washington, D.C., U.S. District Judge Emmet Sullivan declared that some of the guidance then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions issued this year cannot be used to determine whether an immigrant has a credible fear of persecution or torture in their home countries, the first step to making an asylum claim in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said the administration's policy on asylum-seekers violates federal immigration law, and that \"it is the will of Congress — not the whims of the executive\" that sets the standards for expedited removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump administration officials say the asylum process is being exploited by immigrants who are counting on passing the initial credible-fear screening and being released into the country. Only about 9 percent of all people who initially claim asylum are granted it, and tens of thousands of families from Central America are coming to the U.S. every month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigration policy change had an immediate impact after it was made in June. Immigration lawyers said people whom they expected would pass credible-fear screenings began to fail them, and lawyers said immigration judges are signing off on more denials during appeals, effectively ending what could have been a years-long asylum process before it began. But Trump officials also say the number of people claiming credible fear has risen dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum can be granted to people who were persecuted in their home country or could be persecuted if forced to return. Thousands of people seek asylum each month at U.S. Customs and Border Protection stations along the nation's southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713284/yemeni-mother-receives-travel-ban-waiver-to-visit-dying-son-in-oakland\">Yemeni Mother Receives Travel Ban Waiver to Visit Dying Son in Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713284/yemeni-mother-receives-travel-ban-waiver-to-visit-dying-son-in-oakland\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34499_alt_814-1180x865.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union sued the government over the June 11 change on behalf of 12 parents and children who were wrongly found not to have a credible fear of return. Sullivan's ruling impacts thousands of cases where immigrants are in expedited removal proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the plaintiffs was a woman identified only by a pseudonym, Grace. The ACLU said Grace's partner beat her and her children, and sexually assaulted her and her daughter. Once, the ACLU said, her daughter suffered a miscarriage after he attacked her. The lawsuit says police did not act when she contacted them. It also said Grace was found not to have a credible fear of persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge also ordered the government to return any of the plaintiffs who may have been deported back to the U.S., and prevent further deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This ruling is a defeat for the Trump administration's all-out assault on the rights of asylum-seekers. The government's attempt to obliterate asylum protections is unlawful and inconsistent with our country's long-standing commitment to provide protection to immigrants fleeing for their lives,\" said Jennifer Chang Newell, managing attorney of the ACLU's Immigrants' Rights Project, who argued the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>S.F. Judge Orders Injunction on Asylum Restrictions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Last month in San Francisco, U.S. District Judge Jon Tigar \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707457/s-f-judge-blocks-trump-administration-from-refusing-asylum-to-immigrants-who-cross-border-illegally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a temporary restraining order\u003c/a> against President Trump's proclamation that would allow people to apply for asylum only if they entered at official ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Wednesday in San Francisco, as that order was hours from expiring, Tigar ordered a more permanent fix, in the form of an injunction. That means asylum-seekers can once again apply, no matter how they got here, while the case makes its way through the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congress has been very clear that asylum-seekers may apply for asylum regardless of where or how they enter the country,\" said ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt, who argued the case in court today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration says the restrictions are needed to deter dangerous and illegal border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News staff contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5 p.m. Wednesday, Dec. 19\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday blocked Trump administration policies that prevented immigrants who suffered gang violence or domestic violence in their home countries from seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in San Francisco, another \u003ca href=\"https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2018/12/99%20Order%20Granting%20Preliminary%20Injunction%202018.12.19%20%281%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal judge ruled\u003c/a> to continue blocking the administration from denying asylum to people who entered the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Judge Blocks Restrictions on Who Can Apply for Asylum\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In Washington, D.C., U.S. District Judge Emmet Sullivan declared that some of the guidance then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions issued this year cannot be used to determine whether an immigrant has a credible fear of persecution or torture in their home countries, the first step to making an asylum claim in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said the administration's policy on asylum-seekers violates federal immigration law, and that \"it is the will of Congress — not the whims of the executive\" that sets the standards for expedited removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump administration officials say the asylum process is being exploited by immigrants who are counting on passing the initial credible-fear screening and being released into the country. Only about 9 percent of all people who initially claim asylum are granted it, and tens of thousands of families from Central America are coming to the U.S. every month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigration policy change had an immediate impact after it was made in June. Immigration lawyers said people whom they expected would pass credible-fear screenings began to fail them, and lawyers said immigration judges are signing off on more denials during appeals, effectively ending what could have been a years-long asylum process before it began. But Trump officials also say the number of people claiming credible fear has risen dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum can be granted to people who were persecuted in their home country or could be persecuted if forced to return. Thousands of people seek asylum each month at U.S. Customs and Border Protection stations along the nation's southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713284/yemeni-mother-receives-travel-ban-waiver-to-visit-dying-son-in-oakland\">Yemeni Mother Receives Travel Ban Waiver to Visit Dying Son in Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713284/yemeni-mother-receives-travel-ban-waiver-to-visit-dying-son-in-oakland\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34499_alt_814-1180x865.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union sued the government over the June 11 change on behalf of 12 parents and children who were wrongly found not to have a credible fear of return. Sullivan's ruling impacts thousands of cases where immigrants are in expedited removal proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the plaintiffs was a woman identified only by a pseudonym, Grace. The ACLU said Grace's partner beat her and her children, and sexually assaulted her and her daughter. Once, the ACLU said, her daughter suffered a miscarriage after he attacked her. The lawsuit says police did not act when she contacted them. It also said Grace was found not to have a credible fear of persecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge also ordered the government to return any of the plaintiffs who may have been deported back to the U.S., and prevent further deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This ruling is a defeat for the Trump administration's all-out assault on the rights of asylum-seekers. The government's attempt to obliterate asylum protections is unlawful and inconsistent with our country's long-standing commitment to provide protection to immigrants fleeing for their lives,\" said Jennifer Chang Newell, managing attorney of the ACLU's Immigrants' Rights Project, who argued the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>S.F. Judge Orders Injunction on Asylum Restrictions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Last month in San Francisco, U.S. District Judge Jon Tigar \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707457/s-f-judge-blocks-trump-administration-from-refusing-asylum-to-immigrants-who-cross-border-illegally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a temporary restraining order\u003c/a> against President Trump's proclamation that would allow people to apply for asylum only if they entered at official ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late Wednesday in San Francisco, as that order was hours from expiring, Tigar ordered a more permanent fix, in the form of an injunction. That means asylum-seekers can once again apply, no matter how they got here, while the case makes its way through the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congress has been very clear that asylum-seekers may apply for asylum regardless of where or how they enter the country,\" said ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt, who argued the case in court today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration says the restrictions are needed to deter dangerous and illegal border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News staff contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After 8-Month Separation, Salvadoran Asylum-Seeker Reconnects With 4-Year-Old Son",
"title": "After 8-Month Separation, Salvadoran Asylum-Seeker Reconnects With 4-Year-Old Son",
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"content": "\u003cp>When she was finally reunited with her son, eight months after border agents took him away, Yvette, a Salvadoran asylum-seeker, said the 4-year-old threw himself on her and covered her with kisses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He came running toward me crying ‘Mama!’ and we hugged,\" Yvette said in a telephone interview, describing the reunion late last month inside a Texas immigration detention center. “I had felt an emptiness in my heart. And once I was finally with him, everything changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was weeping from happiness,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvette, who spoke with KQED on the condition that we use only her middle name and her son’s first initial, J., almost lost custody of her child permanently. She is one of 30 immigrant parents who the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">decided are “unfit” to be reunited\u003c/a> with their children, even after an order in June by U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw in San Diego, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">requiring an end to widespread family separations\u003c/a> at the border and the swift return of almost 2,700 separated children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking from a church shelter in Chicago, with J. on her lap, Yvette recalled her anxiety last March after the boy, then 3, was taken from her arms by Border Patrol agents before she was sent to an Immigration and Customs Enforcement jail in Laredo, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While I was there I suffered so much,” she said. “I couldn't sleep. I had nightmares. Sometimes I trembled.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, J. was turned over to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/programs/ucs/about\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, part of the U.S. Health and Human Services agency responsible for unaccompanied migrant children, and placed in a Chicago facility. He regressed in his toilet training and his development slowed, according to attorneys representing the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two months went by before Yvette was able to speak with her son by phone, Yvette said, and it was another three weeks before their second call because she didn’t have initially have the money to pay for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvette said ICE staff told her that her son had stopped eating. She was then able to get a job in the detention center and pay for her own calls, she said, adding that when her attorneys got involved, she was able to speak to J. every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after three months, Yvette was denied custody of J. due to an arrest warrant in El Salvador that alleged she was affiliated with a gang. She denied the allegation, insisting that she fled her home country seeking protection from gang members who had beaten her severely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the other parents deemed unfit by the government to regain custody of their children also had alleged criminal backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a September order, Sabraw refused to reunite Yvette and J., as well as a father and his son, deferring to the government, which he said had “vetted these parents in good faith and made principled decisions” for the children’s safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, the\u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantjustice.org/press-releases/reunified-and-released-salvadoran-mother-and-son-reunited-under-court-order-eight\"> National Immigrant Justice Center\u003c/a> took on Yvette’s case and filed a suit on her behalf in federal court in Washington, D.C. They hired an attorney in El Salvador to investigate the allegations against her, and he found no basis for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was cross-examined by the government prosecutor for over an hour,” said attorney Lisa Koop, who represented Yvette at her asylum hearing. “They had every opportunity to bring any evidence that they had that she was in any way affiliated with a gang, and they had nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, on Nov. 27, U.S. District Judge Paul Friedman in Washington, D.C., \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">ordered the government to reunite Yvette with J.\u003c/a> Three days later, mother and son were brought together at an ICE family detention center in Dilley, Texas, and released within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience, say J.'s lawyers, could still impart traumatic scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he sleeps, he wants to sleep hugging me,” Yvette said. “When I move a little bit away from him he gets scared because he thinks I'm going to go away again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers with the American Civil Liberties Union, who brought the family separation lawsuit before Judge Sabraw, say they are considering whether to challenge the government on behalf of other “unfit” parents who otherwise could remain permanently separated from their children.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When she was finally reunited with her son, eight months after border agents took him away, Yvette, a Salvadoran asylum-seeker, said the 4-year-old threw himself on her and covered her with kisses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He came running toward me crying ‘Mama!’ and we hugged,\" Yvette said in a telephone interview, describing the reunion late last month inside a Texas immigration detention center. “I had felt an emptiness in my heart. And once I was finally with him, everything changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was weeping from happiness,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvette, who spoke with KQED on the condition that we use only her middle name and her son’s first initial, J., almost lost custody of her child permanently. She is one of 30 immigrant parents who the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">decided are “unfit” to be reunited\u003c/a> with their children, even after an order in June by U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw in San Diego, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">requiring an end to widespread family separations\u003c/a> at the border and the swift return of almost 2,700 separated children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking from a church shelter in Chicago, with J. on her lap, Yvette recalled her anxiety last March after the boy, then 3, was taken from her arms by Border Patrol agents before she was sent to an Immigration and Customs Enforcement jail in Laredo, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While I was there I suffered so much,” she said. “I couldn't sleep. I had nightmares. Sometimes I trembled.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, J. was turned over to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/programs/ucs/about\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, part of the U.S. Health and Human Services agency responsible for unaccompanied migrant children, and placed in a Chicago facility. He regressed in his toilet training and his development slowed, according to attorneys representing the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two months went by before Yvette was able to speak with her son by phone, Yvette said, and it was another three weeks before their second call because she didn’t have initially have the money to pay for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yvette said ICE staff told her that her son had stopped eating. She was then able to get a job in the detention center and pay for her own calls, she said, adding that when her attorneys got involved, she was able to speak to J. every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after three months, Yvette was denied custody of J. due to an arrest warrant in El Salvador that alleged she was affiliated with a gang. She denied the allegation, insisting that she fled her home country seeking protection from gang members who had beaten her severely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the other parents deemed unfit by the government to regain custody of their children also had alleged criminal backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a September order, Sabraw refused to reunite Yvette and J., as well as a father and his son, deferring to the government, which he said had “vetted these parents in good faith and made principled decisions” for the children’s safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, the\u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantjustice.org/press-releases/reunified-and-released-salvadoran-mother-and-son-reunited-under-court-order-eight\"> National Immigrant Justice Center\u003c/a> took on Yvette’s case and filed a suit on her behalf in federal court in Washington, D.C. They hired an attorney in El Salvador to investigate the allegations against her, and he found no basis for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was cross-examined by the government prosecutor for over an hour,” said attorney Lisa Koop, who represented Yvette at her asylum hearing. “They had every opportunity to bring any evidence that they had that she was in any way affiliated with a gang, and they had nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, on Nov. 27, U.S. District Judge Paul Friedman in Washington, D.C., \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">ordered the government to reunite Yvette with J.\u003c/a> Three days later, mother and son were brought together at an ICE family detention center in Dilley, Texas, and released within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience, say J.'s lawyers, could still impart traumatic scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he sleeps, he wants to sleep hugging me,” Yvette said. “When I move a little bit away from him he gets scared because he thinks I'm going to go away again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers with the American Civil Liberties Union, who brought the family separation lawsuit before Judge Sabraw, say they are considering whether to challenge the government on behalf of other “unfit” parents who otherwise could remain permanently separated from their children.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eighty-one migrant children have been \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreseparationstill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">separated from their families\u003c/a> at the border since President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2018-06-25/pdf/2018-13696.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> in June that ostensibly put an end to the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials are still allowed to separate a child from a parent in some instances, which is concerning to immigrant rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are very concerned the government may be separating families based on vague allegations of criminal history,\" said American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eighty-one migrant children have been \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreseparationstill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">separated from their families\u003c/a> at the border since President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2018-06-25/pdf/2018-13696.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> in June that ostensibly put an end to the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials are still allowed to separate a child from a parent in some instances, which is concerning to immigrant rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are very concerned the government may be separating families based on vague allegations of criminal history,\" said American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Anxious as Her Teen Son Is Escorted to Border by His Grandmother",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a sunlit kitchen in a suburb east of San Francisco, Veronica Aguilar was helping bake a cake one recent afternoon. She dipped her finger in the batter and smiled approvingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chocolate! Mmm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the baking project provided only a brief distraction. Aguilar kept checking her cellphone, anxiously awaiting news from her mother and 15-year-old son. They had just arrived in Tijuana, after traveling from El Salvador and joining a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">caravan with thousands of other Central Americans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar, 36, knew the perils and hardships of their journey. Last fall, she fled death threats from gangs near her home in San Salvador and joined a smaller caravan of about 350 people crossing Mexico. She said she was so nervous at the beginning of the trek that her stomach hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she made it to the Tijuana-San Diego border crossing, Aguilar sought asylum from U.S. officials. She said she was jailed by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for seven months in Orange County while her claim was processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710526 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veronica Aguilar looks at a photo of her family in El Salvador in the Moriartys' living room in Pinole on Nov. 18, 2018. Aguilar, an asylum applicant, traveled to the U.S. border in a caravan last year. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a nonprofit organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pueblosinfronteras.org\">Pueblo Sin Fronteras\u003c/a>, raised the $15,000 bond set by an immigration judge. And a couple, who Aguilar had never met, agreed to take her in so that she could be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar left the immigrant detention facility under electronic monitoring in June, with a bulky black GPS device locked to her right ankle. She headed to the home of Ann and Kent Moriarty in Pinole, where she has lived ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her initial asylum petition was denied, she’s now appealing with legal help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moriartys have come to feel like family at a time when Aguilar yearns for her son and mother on the other side of the border. Though she often clutches her phone and is unable to sleep, they help to ground and support her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">LISTEN: A Mother’s and Son's Migrant Caravan Journey to the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33442_IMG_0752-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Ann and Kent Moriarty are around the house — usually cooking meals or tending to the beehives and chickens in their garden — Aguilar often laughs and jokes with them, which eases her anxiety a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They welcomed me even though they didn’t know me,” Aguilar said. “And they have a big heart. They are always there when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Salvador, Aguilar worked a steady job as a seamstress. But she said she used to cross different gang territories when she walked to the gym, and “pandilleros” threatened to kill her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She feared gang members would force her son to join them. So after she settled in with the Moriartys and got word of the recent caravan, she called her mother with a big request: Could she accompany the boy more than 2,700 miles to the U.S. border? It seemed the only way to keep him safe on the way north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grandmother and Grandson Arrive in Tijuana\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing by the entrance to an overcrowded, outdoor migrant shelter in a sports complex in Tijuana, Aguilar’s mother, Luci Diaz, described what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, 55, cared for her grandson on her organic vegetable farm in a town north of San Salvador. But she knew it was unsafe for Aguilar’s teenage son, Vladimir, to stay there. (KQED is not disclosing Vladimir's last name because his family fears it could hurt his quest for asylum in the U.S.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz said sometimes, she would find gang members with guns drawn sitting on her doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a red zone for gangs,” said Diaz, adding that young men who refuse to join a gang face grave danger. “I just wanted to save my grandson’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710535 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants rest in a temporary shelter Tijuana officials opened at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center on Nov. 15, 2018. Many say they are fleeing gang violence in their home countries. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegel McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So Diaz and Vladimir left the farm with only one change of clothes and a few belongings. They rode buses to catch up with the caravan of mostly Hondurans in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they joined the larger group, they walked dozens of miles each day or caught rides with truckers. Diaz said she kept Vladimir’s birth certificate in a plastic bag near her chest, to guard it from the elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her sneakers broke, a woman gave her a pair of flip-flops that she wore the rest of the way, Diaz said. She bent down and pointed at her feet. Six toenails had fallen off on the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1168_t800.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There were times when I felt I couldn’t go on,” said Diaz. “But I’d look at my grandson and that would give me strength. I did everything I could to make it here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buzzing around Diaz, a crowd of more than 4,000 migrants stood in line for food donations and milled about the shelter near the U.S. border fence. Some families rested on mats on a baseball field surrounded by their belongings. When rains caused flooding, Tijuana officials shut down that shelter and opened another facility with roofed areas for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vladimir wasn’t staying with Diaz. Days after arriving in Tijuana, Diaz decided that the boy would be safer sleeping at a small youth shelter across town where he would have regular meals and access to immigration attorneys. She knew he would need help to prepare his asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz never intended to cross the border with Vladimir. She needed to return home to care for the other two grandchildren she is helping to raise, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before heading back to El Salvador, Diaz visited Vladimir at the youth shelter to say goodbye. She didn’t know when she would see him again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710243\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710243 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vladimir, 15, center, walks down the stairs of a shelter for migrant minors in Tijuana, Mexico. Vladimir traveled on a migrant caravan across Mexico with his grandmother. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teenager Left on His Own\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Diaz arrived at the two-story house near a busy avenue, a dozen teens sat on couches, watching soccer on TV. Vladimir, a lanky boy wearing a baseball cap and shorts, got up to greet her. A staffer at the shelter led the pair to a room so they could have a quiet place to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m fine here,\" Vladimir said. \"We have everything we need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the teen looked scared. His eyes were wide. With his grandmother leaving, the 15-year-old would be alone in a strange city. He would have to make the rest of the journey alone to his mother in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be difficult because I don’t know what’s going to happen, if I’ll even be able to cross the border or not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His grandmother pulled the boy close and hugged him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remember I love you,” she said, with tears streaming down her cheeks. “I brought you here not to abandon you, but to make sure you have a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir reached into his pocket and gave his grandmother a small silver crucifix on a thin chain he had worn since they began traveling together a month before. Diaz clutched it as her grandson left the room. Then she collected herself and stepped back out onto a Tijuana street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luci Diaz holds a crucifix her 15-year old grandson gave her before they separated in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. Diaz accompanied her grandson in a migrant caravan so that he can ask U.S. officials for asylum and join his mother in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It could be months before Vladimir sees a U.S. asylum officer. If he doesn’t pass an initial interview, he’ll be deported to El Salvador. If he does pass, he will likely be held in the custody of the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement for weeks or months until arrangements can be made to release him to his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mother Watches From Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Moriartys' kitchen in Pinole, with the chocolate cake in the oven, Aguilar said she hopes she will soon reunite with her son. But she still feels powerless. Part of her wants to run to meet him on the other side of the border, she said, but she doesn’t want to give up her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Waiting For Son, Mother Traveling in Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33443_IMG_0738-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I just have to be patient,” she said. “But as a parent, I just want to protect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives her comfort, Aguilar said, is the support of her hosts, the Moriartys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel that I’m not alone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kent and Ann Moriarty say they are willing to do whatever they can to help Aguilar regain custody of her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before opening their home to Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum, the Moriartys volunteered for years visiting detained immigrants and helping them stay in touch with relatives back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosting asylum-seekers felt like a natural next step, said Ann, a former middle school science teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both Christians, and that’s what has motivated us, in thinking of how Christ talks about welcoming the stranger,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting at the kitchen table, her husband Kent, a mechanical engineer, said there’s another motivation. He has seen his house guests are sometimes treated with suspicion when they venture out to the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to provide a counterpoint to that,” he said. “I don’t want them to see us and our country as full of mean people who don’t welcome them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710524\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710524 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann and Kent Moriarty sit at their home in Pinole, California, on Nov. 18, 2018. \"Dealing with immigration is confusing. We are not lawyers. Quite often we are in the position of not knowing what’s the next step to take,\" said Kent, about trying to support Veronica Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum whom they are hosting. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since June, more than 800 people nationwide have pledged to open their homes to help asylum-seekers leave immigration detention, according to Liz Martinez, with the California-based nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers came forward after the Trump administration began separating families at the border this summer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are now interested in helping out immigrants in a way that we haven't seen before,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Veronica Aguilar waits to see how an immigration appeals board will rule in her case — and if she’ll be able to live with her son in this country — she spends most days working to support other migrants with the caravan and in ICE detention in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Sunday afternoon, Aguilar put on some makeup, brushed her hair into a shiny ponytail and headed to a church in Berkeley that invited her to speak about ways to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most important thing now is to connect with other people here in the U.S. so that more families or churches can help receive asylum-seekers,” Aguilar said. “There’s a lot to do.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a sunlit kitchen in a suburb east of San Francisco, Veronica Aguilar was helping bake a cake one recent afternoon. She dipped her finger in the batter and smiled approvingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chocolate! Mmm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the baking project provided only a brief distraction. Aguilar kept checking her cellphone, anxiously awaiting news from her mother and 15-year-old son. They had just arrived in Tijuana, after traveling from El Salvador and joining a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">caravan with thousands of other Central Americans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar, 36, knew the perils and hardships of their journey. Last fall, she fled death threats from gangs near her home in San Salvador and joined a smaller caravan of about 350 people crossing Mexico. She said she was so nervous at the beginning of the trek that her stomach hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she made it to the Tijuana-San Diego border crossing, Aguilar sought asylum from U.S. officials. She said she was jailed by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for seven months in Orange County while her claim was processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710526 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veronica Aguilar looks at a photo of her family in El Salvador in the Moriartys' living room in Pinole on Nov. 18, 2018. Aguilar, an asylum applicant, traveled to the U.S. border in a caravan last year. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a nonprofit organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pueblosinfronteras.org\">Pueblo Sin Fronteras\u003c/a>, raised the $15,000 bond set by an immigration judge. And a couple, who Aguilar had never met, agreed to take her in so that she could be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar left the immigrant detention facility under electronic monitoring in June, with a bulky black GPS device locked to her right ankle. She headed to the home of Ann and Kent Moriarty in Pinole, where she has lived ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her initial asylum petition was denied, she’s now appealing with legal help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moriartys have come to feel like family at a time when Aguilar yearns for her son and mother on the other side of the border. Though she often clutches her phone and is unable to sleep, they help to ground and support her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">LISTEN: A Mother’s and Son's Migrant Caravan Journey to the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33442_IMG_0752-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Ann and Kent Moriarty are around the house — usually cooking meals or tending to the beehives and chickens in their garden — Aguilar often laughs and jokes with them, which eases her anxiety a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They welcomed me even though they didn’t know me,” Aguilar said. “And they have a big heart. They are always there when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Salvador, Aguilar worked a steady job as a seamstress. But she said she used to cross different gang territories when she walked to the gym, and “pandilleros” threatened to kill her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She feared gang members would force her son to join them. So after she settled in with the Moriartys and got word of the recent caravan, she called her mother with a big request: Could she accompany the boy more than 2,700 miles to the U.S. border? It seemed the only way to keep him safe on the way north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grandmother and Grandson Arrive in Tijuana\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing by the entrance to an overcrowded, outdoor migrant shelter in a sports complex in Tijuana, Aguilar’s mother, Luci Diaz, described what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, 55, cared for her grandson on her organic vegetable farm in a town north of San Salvador. But she knew it was unsafe for Aguilar’s teenage son, Vladimir, to stay there. (KQED is not disclosing Vladimir's last name because his family fears it could hurt his quest for asylum in the U.S.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz said sometimes, she would find gang members with guns drawn sitting on her doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a red zone for gangs,” said Diaz, adding that young men who refuse to join a gang face grave danger. “I just wanted to save my grandson’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710535 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants rest in a temporary shelter Tijuana officials opened at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center on Nov. 15, 2018. Many say they are fleeing gang violence in their home countries. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegel McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So Diaz and Vladimir left the farm with only one change of clothes and a few belongings. They rode buses to catch up with the caravan of mostly Hondurans in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they joined the larger group, they walked dozens of miles each day or caught rides with truckers. Diaz said she kept Vladimir’s birth certificate in a plastic bag near her chest, to guard it from the elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her sneakers broke, a woman gave her a pair of flip-flops that she wore the rest of the way, Diaz said. She bent down and pointed at her feet. Six toenails had fallen off on the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1168_t800.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There were times when I felt I couldn’t go on,” said Diaz. “But I’d look at my grandson and that would give me strength. I did everything I could to make it here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buzzing around Diaz, a crowd of more than 4,000 migrants stood in line for food donations and milled about the shelter near the U.S. border fence. Some families rested on mats on a baseball field surrounded by their belongings. When rains caused flooding, Tijuana officials shut down that shelter and opened another facility with roofed areas for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vladimir wasn’t staying with Diaz. Days after arriving in Tijuana, Diaz decided that the boy would be safer sleeping at a small youth shelter across town where he would have regular meals and access to immigration attorneys. She knew he would need help to prepare his asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz never intended to cross the border with Vladimir. She needed to return home to care for the other two grandchildren she is helping to raise, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before heading back to El Salvador, Diaz visited Vladimir at the youth shelter to say goodbye. She didn’t know when she would see him again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710243\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710243 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vladimir, 15, center, walks down the stairs of a shelter for migrant minors in Tijuana, Mexico. Vladimir traveled on a migrant caravan across Mexico with his grandmother. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teenager Left on His Own\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Diaz arrived at the two-story house near a busy avenue, a dozen teens sat on couches, watching soccer on TV. Vladimir, a lanky boy wearing a baseball cap and shorts, got up to greet her. A staffer at the shelter led the pair to a room so they could have a quiet place to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m fine here,\" Vladimir said. \"We have everything we need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the teen looked scared. His eyes were wide. With his grandmother leaving, the 15-year-old would be alone in a strange city. He would have to make the rest of the journey alone to his mother in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be difficult because I don’t know what’s going to happen, if I’ll even be able to cross the border or not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His grandmother pulled the boy close and hugged him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remember I love you,” she said, with tears streaming down her cheeks. “I brought you here not to abandon you, but to make sure you have a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir reached into his pocket and gave his grandmother a small silver crucifix on a thin chain he had worn since they began traveling together a month before. Diaz clutched it as her grandson left the room. Then she collected herself and stepped back out onto a Tijuana street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luci Diaz holds a crucifix her 15-year old grandson gave her before they separated in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. Diaz accompanied her grandson in a migrant caravan so that he can ask U.S. officials for asylum and join his mother in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It could be months before Vladimir sees a U.S. asylum officer. If he doesn’t pass an initial interview, he’ll be deported to El Salvador. If he does pass, he will likely be held in the custody of the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement for weeks or months until arrangements can be made to release him to his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mother Watches From Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Moriartys' kitchen in Pinole, with the chocolate cake in the oven, Aguilar said she hopes she will soon reunite with her son. But she still feels powerless. Part of her wants to run to meet him on the other side of the border, she said, but she doesn’t want to give up her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Waiting For Son, Mother Traveling in Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33443_IMG_0738-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I just have to be patient,” she said. “But as a parent, I just want to protect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives her comfort, Aguilar said, is the support of her hosts, the Moriartys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel that I’m not alone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kent and Ann Moriarty say they are willing to do whatever they can to help Aguilar regain custody of her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before opening their home to Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum, the Moriartys volunteered for years visiting detained immigrants and helping them stay in touch with relatives back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosting asylum-seekers felt like a natural next step, said Ann, a former middle school science teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both Christians, and that’s what has motivated us, in thinking of how Christ talks about welcoming the stranger,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting at the kitchen table, her husband Kent, a mechanical engineer, said there’s another motivation. He has seen his house guests are sometimes treated with suspicion when they venture out to the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to provide a counterpoint to that,” he said. “I don’t want them to see us and our country as full of mean people who don’t welcome them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710524\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710524 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann and Kent Moriarty sit at their home in Pinole, California, on Nov. 18, 2018. \"Dealing with immigration is confusing. We are not lawyers. Quite often we are in the position of not knowing what’s the next step to take,\" said Kent, about trying to support Veronica Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum whom they are hosting. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since June, more than 800 people nationwide have pledged to open their homes to help asylum-seekers leave immigration detention, according to Liz Martinez, with the California-based nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers came forward after the Trump administration began separating families at the border this summer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are now interested in helping out immigrants in a way that we haven't seen before,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Veronica Aguilar waits to see how an immigration appeals board will rule in her case — and if she’ll be able to live with her son in this country — she spends most days working to support other migrants with the caravan and in ICE detention in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Sunday afternoon, Aguilar put on some makeup, brushed her hair into a shiny ponytail and headed to a church in Berkeley that invited her to speak about ways to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most important thing now is to connect with other people here in the U.S. so that more families or churches can help receive asylum-seekers,” Aguilar said. “There’s a lot to do.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Transgender Migrant Died in ICE Custody. Kamala Harris and New Mexico's Senators Want an Explanation",
"title": "A Transgender Migrant Died in ICE Custody. Kamala Harris and New Mexico's Senators Want an Explanation",
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"content": "\u003cp>Three U.S. senators want federal officials to publicly release information about the circumstances surrounding the death of a Honduran transgender migrant who was in the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roxana Hernàndez, 33, died in May at an Albuquerque hospital where she was admitted after showing symptoms of pneumonia, dehydration and complications associated with HIV. The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator confirmed Thursday it has yet to complete an autopsy report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernàndez arrived at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in the spring as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665383/buses-carrying-central-american-migrants-roll-to-us-border\">highly publicized caravan\u003c/a> of Central American asylum seekers. Her death sparked protests, with immigrant and LGBTQ advocates saying her case underscores concerns that transgender migrants in detention facilities often do not receive adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris, along with Sens. Tom Udall and Martin Heinrich of New Mexico sent a letter this week to top officials with ICE and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"//www.documentcloud.org/documents/5448957-12-05-18-Roxana-Hernandez-Letter-1.html?embed=true&responsive=false&sidebar=false#?secret=ow9o339x7r\" data-secret=\"ow9o339x7r\" title=\"12 05 18 Roxana Hernandez Letter[1] (Hosted by DocumentCloud)\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three Democrats contend that federal officials are responsible for publishing an initial report within 30 days when someone dies while in custody and that a final report is due within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been over 180 days since Ms. Hernàndez was pronounced dead and no such report has been publicly released,\" their letter states. \"ICE's failure to release this report diminishes the systemic, traumatic, and in this case fatal, violence that transgender individuals experience daily as a result of their gender identity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">In Mexico Caravan, LGBTQ Migrants Stick Together for Safety\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1056338190-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have said previously they were awaiting the results of the state autopsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senators also requested documentation on the training that officers, agents and contractors undergo related to the processing, care and safety of transgender detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes after an attorney representing Hernàndez's family threatened to sue over claims she did not receive adequate medical care and was physically abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports suggest that while she was held at the San Ysidro Port of Entry, Ms. Hernàndez endured freezing temperatures and was denied adequate food, water and medical care,\" the senators' letter states. \"During her transport between facilities by ICE, she vomited to the extent other detainees begged authorities to provide her with water and proper medical care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities have maintained that Hernàndez wasn't abused while in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the LGTB community and Pro-Migrants NGO's march in demand of justice for the death of Roxana Hernandez in downtown Tijuana, Mexico on June 06, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After arriving in the United States, Hernàndez was taken into custody in San Diego and later transferred to El Paso, Texas, before being taken to the Cibola County Detention Center in western New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was housed at the center's transgender unit for a day before being admitted to a local hospital. She was then transferred to the Albuquerque hospital, where she died several days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials announced Hernàndez's death May 25, saying she was the sixth detainee to die in custody since Oct. 1, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to immigration authorities, Hernàndez illegally entered the United States twice between 2005 and 2009. She was allowed to return to Mexico each time because she claimed Mexican nationality when encountered by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006 and 2009, she was convicted of theft, prostitution and other charges in two separate cases in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Hernàndez illegally re-entered the U.S. a third time and was arrested and removed.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Allegations claim Roxana Hernàndez endured freezing temperatures and was denied adequate food, water and medical care while she was in the custody of ICE and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three U.S. senators want federal officials to publicly release information about the circumstances surrounding the death of a Honduran transgender migrant who was in the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roxana Hernàndez, 33, died in May at an Albuquerque hospital where she was admitted after showing symptoms of pneumonia, dehydration and complications associated with HIV. The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator confirmed Thursday it has yet to complete an autopsy report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernàndez arrived at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in the spring as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665383/buses-carrying-central-american-migrants-roll-to-us-border\">highly publicized caravan\u003c/a> of Central American asylum seekers. Her death sparked protests, with immigrant and LGBTQ advocates saying her case underscores concerns that transgender migrants in detention facilities often do not receive adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris, along with Sens. Tom Udall and Martin Heinrich of New Mexico sent a letter this week to top officials with ICE and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"//www.documentcloud.org/documents/5448957-12-05-18-Roxana-Hernandez-Letter-1.html?embed=true&responsive=false&sidebar=false#?secret=ow9o339x7r\" data-secret=\"ow9o339x7r\" title=\"12 05 18 Roxana Hernandez Letter[1] (Hosted by DocumentCloud)\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three Democrats contend that federal officials are responsible for publishing an initial report within 30 days when someone dies while in custody and that a final report is due within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been over 180 days since Ms. Hernàndez was pronounced dead and no such report has been publicly released,\" their letter states. \"ICE's failure to release this report diminishes the systemic, traumatic, and in this case fatal, violence that transgender individuals experience daily as a result of their gender identity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">In Mexico Caravan, LGBTQ Migrants Stick Together for Safety\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1056338190-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have said previously they were awaiting the results of the state autopsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senators also requested documentation on the training that officers, agents and contractors undergo related to the processing, care and safety of transgender detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes after an attorney representing Hernàndez's family threatened to sue over claims she did not receive adequate medical care and was physically abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports suggest that while she was held at the San Ysidro Port of Entry, Ms. Hernàndez endured freezing temperatures and was denied adequate food, water and medical care,\" the senators' letter states. \"During her transport between facilities by ICE, she vomited to the extent other detainees begged authorities to provide her with water and proper medical care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities have maintained that Hernàndez wasn't abused while in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the LGTB community and Pro-Migrants NGO's march in demand of justice for the death of Roxana Hernandez in downtown Tijuana, Mexico on June 06, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After arriving in the United States, Hernàndez was taken into custody in San Diego and later transferred to El Paso, Texas, before being taken to the Cibola County Detention Center in western New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was housed at the center's transgender unit for a day before being admitted to a local hospital. She was then transferred to the Albuquerque hospital, where she died several days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials announced Hernàndez's death May 25, saying she was the sixth detainee to die in custody since Oct. 1, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to immigration authorities, Hernàndez illegally entered the United States twice between 2005 and 2009. She was allowed to return to Mexico each time because she claimed Mexican nationality when encountered by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006 and 2009, she was convicted of theft, prostitution and other charges in two separate cases in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Hernàndez illegally re-entered the U.S. a third time and was arrested and removed.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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