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"disqusTitle": "Fast Food CEO Says Higher Minimum Wage Boosts Business",
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"content": "\u003cp>When California began raising its minimum wage two years ago, Bill Phelps and his investors were worried. Phelps is CEO of a fast food company called Wetzel's Pretzels, which has almost 100 outlets in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300755227\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like most business people I was concerned about it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state increased the minimum wage in mid-2014 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/31/legislature-approves-15-minimum-wage-brown-says-hell-sign-it/\" target=\"_blank\">just raised it again on Jan. 1 to $10.50 per hour\u003c/a> for companies that employ more than 25 people. Smaller businesses will have a delay in implementation, but will follow suit as California moves along on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/docs/Fact_Sheet_Boosting_Californias_Minimum_Wage.pdf\">its schedule to\u003c/a> reach \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2014/03/10/minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">$15 per hour by 2022\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I was shocked. I was stunned by the business.' \u003ccite>Bill Phelps, CEO of Wetzel's Pretzels\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Phelps and a lot of other fast food CEOs have been worried that wage increases will cut into profits, and that if they raise prices to compensate, fewer people will come eat. So two years ago, Phelps prepared to take a hit. But something else happened entirely. Sales at his California stores immediately shot up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was shocked,” Phelps says. “I was stunned by the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same exact pattern took place again in 2016, when the minimum wage rose again, Phelps said. There was a wage increase, and then boom, a bump in same-store sales across the state that held for most of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phelps is now convinced minimum wage increases aren’t bad for the fast food business; in fact, he says, they’re great. Phelps said you can see why if you visit the Wetzel’s Pretzels franchise in Concord’s Sunvalley Shopping Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making Dough and Dough\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the mall you can smell the pretzels from far away. As you get close, you hear the sound of a mixer banging dough. It has to run constantly to keep up with the demand for pretzels. Business has been good the last few years, said franchise owner Mike Jacobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My overall sales were something like 15 percent ahead after the first minimum wage bump, and now they're about 12 percent ahead this year,” Jacobs said. “It isn't because I'm such a great manager or smart guy, but the buying public has more money in their pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacobs says not only are more people coming to shop, but they're buying more. Sure enough, as Jacobs and I talk, a mall employee stops in to buy a pretzel. He ends up also paying for a dipping sauce and a drink. Jacobs says sales like this are happening all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"XBVPxbV9j3gDCZa8AEN7NXTgBAjFsuyJ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe this is all just coincidence. Maybe California’s economy happened to jump at the same exact times the state raised minimum wages. Maybe the franchise owners all started doing something to increase sales. Even if minimum wage increases are also increasing sales for Wetzel’s Pretzels, who knows if a similar trend would happen at all fast food companies. Most Wetzel’s outlets are in places like malls, where there are lots of low-wage workers around to shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No economist has pored over the company’s data to do a proper case study. But there are at least a couple who would love to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Without Data\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley economist David Card has studied the minimum wage for over two decades. In the early 1990s, he published \u003ca href=\"http://davidcard.berkeley.edu/papers/njmin-aer.pdf\">this influential case study \u003c/a>that showed increasing the minimum wage did not reduce employment, as critics feared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Card said colleagues have long suspected that rising minimum wages could actually increase fast food sales in the U.S., but no one could prove it — because American fast food companies rarely give out detailed sales data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test this theory, Card believes economists would need the kind of sales data Phelps is talking about at Wetzel’s Pretzels. It could be the missing piece. “Everyone knows it has been a gap,” Card said. “There has been a lot of speculation, but no one has figured out how to obtain the data.” If the data held up to analysis and Phelps is right, Card said it could help clear up a lot of misconceptions about minimum wage currently being touted as facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the conventional wisdom in the fast food business is that a rising minimum wage is bad for the bottom line. It’s what Phelps feared. It’s what President-elect Donald Trump’s pick for secretary of Labor, fast food businessman Andy Puzder, maintains. And even though there are not good data to back it up, Card said some economists perpetuate the idea. By doing so, he said, they’re choosing to be political instead of scientific.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Economists unfortunately have, within the crowd, quite a few people who are ideologically committed to the idea that any kind of price regulation is always bad,\" said Card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stakes on this issue are high, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/30/pay-to-rise-for-millions-as-19-states-increase-minimum-wage.html\">a number of states\u003c/a> are raising minimum wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11245101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11245101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg\" alt=\"Supporters of a $15 per hour minimum wage rally outside the state Capitol in Sacramento on March 31, 2016.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of a $15 per hour minimum wage rally outside the state Capitol in Sacramento on March 31, 2016. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Pretzels and More Guitars\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The minimum wage increase has just been a godsend.' \u003ccite>Mike Jacobs, Wetzel's Pretzels franchisee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At the mall in Concord, store owner Jacobs doesn’t need an economics case study to know he’s been doing well. “By my looking at it, the minimum wage increase has just been a godsend,” Jacobs said. “My income this year will be double what it was in 2013.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacobs is already putting his own increased profits back into the economy. He collects guitars and has been using some of his extra funds to buy new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the minimum wage going up, he believes everybody is a winner. His employees have gotten a raise. His CEO is getting big numbers. His customers can buy more pretzels. And Jacobs can buy more guitars.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Pretzel mogul with almost 100 outlets in the state was surprised by what happened after California twice raised its minimum wage.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When California began raising its minimum wage two years ago, Bill Phelps and his investors were worried. Phelps is CEO of a fast food company called Wetzel's Pretzels, which has almost 100 outlets in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300755227&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300755227'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like most business people I was concerned about it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state increased the minimum wage in mid-2014 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/31/legislature-approves-15-minimum-wage-brown-says-hell-sign-it/\" target=\"_blank\">just raised it again on Jan. 1 to $10.50 per hour\u003c/a> for companies that employ more than 25 people. Smaller businesses will have a delay in implementation, but will follow suit as California moves along on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/docs/Fact_Sheet_Boosting_Californias_Minimum_Wage.pdf\">its schedule to\u003c/a> reach \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2014/03/10/minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\">$15 per hour by 2022\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I was shocked. I was stunned by the business.' \u003ccite>Bill Phelps, CEO of Wetzel's Pretzels\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Phelps and a lot of other fast food CEOs have been worried that wage increases will cut into profits, and that if they raise prices to compensate, fewer people will come eat. So two years ago, Phelps prepared to take a hit. But something else happened entirely. Sales at his California stores immediately shot up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was shocked,” Phelps says. “I was stunned by the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same exact pattern took place again in 2016, when the minimum wage rose again, Phelps said. There was a wage increase, and then boom, a bump in same-store sales across the state that held for most of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phelps is now convinced minimum wage increases aren’t bad for the fast food business; in fact, he says, they’re great. Phelps said you can see why if you visit the Wetzel’s Pretzels franchise in Concord’s Sunvalley Shopping Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Making Dough and Dough\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the mall you can smell the pretzels from far away. As you get close, you hear the sound of a mixer banging dough. It has to run constantly to keep up with the demand for pretzels. Business has been good the last few years, said franchise owner Mike Jacobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My overall sales were something like 15 percent ahead after the first minimum wage bump, and now they're about 12 percent ahead this year,” Jacobs said. “It isn't because I'm such a great manager or smart guy, but the buying public has more money in their pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacobs says not only are more people coming to shop, but they're buying more. Sure enough, as Jacobs and I talk, a mall employee stops in to buy a pretzel. He ends up also paying for a dipping sauce and a drink. Jacobs says sales like this are happening all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe this is all just coincidence. Maybe California’s economy happened to jump at the same exact times the state raised minimum wages. Maybe the franchise owners all started doing something to increase sales. Even if minimum wage increases are also increasing sales for Wetzel’s Pretzels, who knows if a similar trend would happen at all fast food companies. Most Wetzel’s outlets are in places like malls, where there are lots of low-wage workers around to shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No economist has pored over the company’s data to do a proper case study. But there are at least a couple who would love to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Without Data\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley economist David Card has studied the minimum wage for over two decades. In the early 1990s, he published \u003ca href=\"http://davidcard.berkeley.edu/papers/njmin-aer.pdf\">this influential case study \u003c/a>that showed increasing the minimum wage did not reduce employment, as critics feared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Card said colleagues have long suspected that rising minimum wages could actually increase fast food sales in the U.S., but no one could prove it — because American fast food companies rarely give out detailed sales data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test this theory, Card believes economists would need the kind of sales data Phelps is talking about at Wetzel’s Pretzels. It could be the missing piece. “Everyone knows it has been a gap,” Card said. “There has been a lot of speculation, but no one has figured out how to obtain the data.” If the data held up to analysis and Phelps is right, Card said it could help clear up a lot of misconceptions about minimum wage currently being touted as facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the conventional wisdom in the fast food business is that a rising minimum wage is bad for the bottom line. It’s what Phelps feared. It’s what President-elect Donald Trump’s pick for secretary of Labor, fast food businessman Andy Puzder, maintains. And even though there are not good data to back it up, Card said some economists perpetuate the idea. By doing so, he said, they’re choosing to be political instead of scientific.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Economists unfortunately have, within the crowd, quite a few people who are ideologically committed to the idea that any kind of price regulation is always bad,\" said Card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stakes on this issue are high, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/30/pay-to-rise-for-millions-as-19-states-increase-minimum-wage.html\">a number of states\u003c/a> are raising minimum wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11245101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11245101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg\" alt=\"Supporters of a $15 per hour minimum wage rally outside the state Capitol in Sacramento on March 31, 2016.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/minwage-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of a $15 per hour minimum wage rally outside the state Capitol in Sacramento on March 31, 2016. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Pretzels and More Guitars\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The minimum wage increase has just been a godsend.' \u003ccite>Mike Jacobs, Wetzel's Pretzels franchisee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At the mall in Concord, store owner Jacobs doesn’t need an economics case study to know he’s been doing well. “By my looking at it, the minimum wage increase has just been a godsend,” Jacobs said. “My income this year will be double what it was in 2013.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacobs is already putting his own increased profits back into the economy. He collects guitars and has been using some of his extra funds to buy new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the minimum wage going up, he believes everybody is a winner. His employees have gotten a raise. His CEO is getting big numbers. His customers can buy more pretzels. And Jacobs can buy more guitars.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "SFO Criticized for Letting Seawall Erosion Turn Into an Emergency",
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"content": "\u003cp>Federal and state officials say San Francisco International Airport's lack of proper maintenance and inspections led to the erosion of a seawall that prompted calls for emergency repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week SFO was slated to begin construction work on the wall that protects the airport's perimeter from San Francisco Bay, a month after the Board of Supervisors approved $1.5 million in airport capital improvement funds to pay for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, since then, the problem has gotten worse, according to airport spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Erosion is continuing,\" Yakel said. \"The wall has not failed, which is what we're trying to stave off.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inspection over the summer found the wall was significantly eroded, prompting the airport to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/30/sfo-grappling-with-emergency-repairs-to-eroded-seawall/\">declare an emergency\u003c/a> and a top SFO official later said the structure needed to be shored up quickly to prevent flooding on all of the airport's runways and taxiways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO has been working to secure permits for the job from the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission as well as from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both agencies say the erosion was a long-term problem and should not be qualified as an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because SFO declares an emergency doesn't mean that the regulatory agencies which protect the Bay would declare an emergency,\" said commission executive director Larry Goldzband in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission \"finally\" received information it requested from the airport and plans to issue an amended permit that retroactively allows SFO to fix the seawall, Goldzband said, adding that it took the airport too long to answer the commission's questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the erosion problems were reported to the commission earlier, regulators could have considered potentially stronger plans to repair the seawall, Goldzband said. Instead, the agency is issuing an \"after-the-fact\" permit, which it doesn't like doing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued a similar permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did deem this project not an emergency,\" said Janelle Leeson, regulatory project manager at the federal agency's San Francisco district. \"From the Corps' standpoint it was deferred maintenance,\" Leeson said in an interview. \"It's been deteriorating over years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit through the Army Corp of Engineers is for temporary work, according to Leeson. SFO plans to work on a permanent repair by 2020, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport, though, says the damage to the seawall is unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inspectors detected the erosion, the airport wanted to take care of it as soon as possible, according to Martha Whetstone, SFO's Government Affairs Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They want to shore it up as soon as possible, and yes, we consider that an emergency\" Whetstone said, also in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldzband says SFO conducted irregular inspections. \"They have a regular inspection protocol but for some reason the protocol was not followed in 2015,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Supervisors' committee hearing in November, airport officials said they are working on increasing inspections of SFO’s 8-mile perimeter seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO has been working to secure permits for the job from the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission as well as from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both agencies say the erosion was a long-term problem and should not be qualified as an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because SFO declares an emergency doesn't mean that the regulatory agencies which protect the Bay would declare an emergency,\" said commission executive director Larry Goldzband in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission \"finally\" received information it requested from the airport and plans to issue an amended permit that retroactively allows SFO to fix the seawall, Goldzband said, adding that it took the airport too long to answer the commission's questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the erosion problems were reported to the commission earlier, regulators could have considered potentially stronger plans to repair the seawall, Goldzband said. Instead, the agency is issuing an \"after-the-fact\" permit, which it doesn't like doing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued a similar permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did deem this project not an emergency,\" said Janelle Leeson, regulatory project manager at the federal agency's San Francisco district. \"From the Corps' standpoint it was deferred maintenance,\" Leeson said in an interview. \"It's been deteriorating over years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit through the Army Corp of Engineers is for temporary work, according to Leeson. SFO plans to work on a permanent repair by 2020, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport, though, says the damage to the seawall is unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once inspectors detected the erosion, the airport wanted to take care of it as soon as possible, according to Martha Whetstone, SFO's Government Affairs Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They want to shore it up as soon as possible, and yes, we consider that an emergency\" Whetstone said, also in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldzband says SFO conducted irregular inspections. \"They have a regular inspection protocol but for some reason the protocol was not followed in 2015,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Supervisors' committee hearing in November, airport officials said they are working on increasing inspections of SFO’s 8-mile perimeter seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Crowdfunding is a now a popular way to raise money for everything from birthday bashes to political protests. But on some of the big online fund raising sites, you'll find public pleas for something far more personal — infertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg and Julia Fry of Ithaca, N.Y., were in their early 30s when they got married three years ago and set out to start a family. But a year passed and they didn't get pregnant. Six more months went by and, still, no baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they consulted a medical specialist, Greg says. \"And we wound up realizing that fertility treatments were what we would need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They began with a less costly and less invasive option: \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Infertility/index.htm\">IUI\u003c/a> or intrauterine insemination. That's where sperm is inserted with a catheter directly into the woman's uterus at the time of ovulation. The procedure costs, on average, just under $1,000 a try. The Frys have tried four times in the past year — with no luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This, by far, is the hardest thing that we've ever been through together,\" says Greg. \"There is always hope going into every cycle. And that hope, sort of, gets dashed at the end of the cycle, and then we start again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step they took was to try \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/02/18/279035110/ivf-baby-boom-births-from-fertility-procedure-hit-new-high\">in vitro fertilization\u003c/a>, or IVF. This involves fertilizing eggs with sperm in a laboratory dish, then transferring the embryo into the woman's uterus. It can cost $15,000 to $20,000 each try.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Greg says, they thought about traveling overseas for more affordable treatments, but travel costs would have gobbled up any savings. So, they went online instead, to the crowdfunding site GiveForward. They \u003ca href=\"https://pages.giveforward.com/medical/page-bwg4ty5/activity/595921\">posted\u003c/a> a video in which they talk about their decision to ask for financial help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know us as Julia and Greg,\" Greg begins. \"The couple with so much love to give,\" Julia continues, and they alternate telling their story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asking for IVF assistance like this is one of the fastest growing crowdfunding categories, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshuacchapman\">Josh Chapman\u003c/a>, CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://pages.giveforward.com/homepage/\">GiveForward\u003c/a>. It's outpaced all categories except adoption at his firm in 2016, Chapman says, adding, \"we believe this trend will continue into 2017.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most health insurance doesn't cover treatments for infertility. That was the case for Janet Carter and her wife Jackie. They live in Charleston, S.C., and both have job-based health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet says their insurance was helpful for the diagnostic part of the process, but that was the extent of the reimbursement. \"[The insurance] will cover anything that is testing beforehand, like any underlying issues that are leading to the need for fertility treatment. They do not cover any of the actual procedures at all,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As their August, 2015 wedding approached, the couple asked their guests to consider giving them cash for fertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We not only had a regular registry for Target, but we also decided to have it be an option for our friends and family that wanted to be a part of us starting our little new family,\" Janet says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wedding guests gave them about $3,000, which they used to help pay for nine failed IUI attempts. Janet wanted to try asking friends again for money, this time for help with IVF. But, initially, Jackie wasn't so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Does it seem like we're begging, or asking people for money,\" she recalls wondering. \"Am I ready to do that? Am I ready for people to be that involved?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They asked friends for their opinions about crowdfunding, and the support was resounding, the women say, save for a wee bit of hesitation from Janet's mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that's just a generational difference in opinion,\" Janet says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Jackie became convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I realized, 'Hey, you know what? There are thousands of people out there using these crowdfunding sources for honeymoons and, you know, maybe things that aren't as impactful as having a child,' \" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple went forward with a site called, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youcaring.com/janet-carter-and-jackie-regan-368536\">YouCaring.com\u003c/a>, that's helped them raise about $5,000 so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, crowdfunding \u003cem>is\u003c/em> hard for a lot of people, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.rachelgurevich.com/\">Rachel Gurevich\u003c/a>, who writes about fertility issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't do it unless you have a lot of social connections,\" she says. \"A lot of people think that it's automatic — they're going to put it up and raise a bunch of money. And they're not — and that can be really disappointing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, dozens of IVF campaigns on these sites show $0 raised. Both the Frys and the Carters received money from friends, family and some acquaintances, which is more typical for these crowdfunds, Gurevich says. Most donations range from $20 to $100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg and Julia Fry's crowdfunding page has earned about $1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been very positive — everybody that I've worked with,\" says Julia. \"People come up to me. And they've come into my office and they hand me $20,\" she says. \"They say, 'We love you guys. We think you will be such great parents — please take it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their friend Jordanna Larish gave $50, even though she's unemployed right now. \"Julia and Greg are incredibly generous people, always helping others,\" she writes in an email to NPR. \"They've been trying for so long to have a baby, and they'll be excellent parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessie Simpson, who is friends with Jackie and Janet Carter, says she gave them $500 — \"and a whole lot of prayers.\" Simpson was moved by how easy it was for her to have her son and how difficult it has been for her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Watching their struggle for over a year, all while the medical bills rack up each month, it was heartbreaking,\" Simpson writes to NPR. \"That is the power of crowdfunding though — connect their story to your experiences and you want to melt in a puddle of tears and give them the shirt off your back.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carters are using their fundraising to pay down a credit card bill for their IVF. And Janet is now pregnant — their baby is due in June, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR's reporting partnership with \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Please%2C+Baby%2C+Please%3A+Some+Couples+Turn+To+Crowdfunding+For+IVF&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Crowdfunding is a now a popular way to raise money for everything from birthday bashes to political protests. But on some of the big online fund raising sites, you'll find public pleas for something far more personal — infertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg and Julia Fry of Ithaca, N.Y., were in their early 30s when they got married three years ago and set out to start a family. But a year passed and they didn't get pregnant. Six more months went by and, still, no baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they consulted a medical specialist, Greg says. \"And we wound up realizing that fertility treatments were what we would need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They began with a less costly and less invasive option: \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Infertility/index.htm\">IUI\u003c/a> or intrauterine insemination. That's where sperm is inserted with a catheter directly into the woman's uterus at the time of ovulation. The procedure costs, on average, just under $1,000 a try. The Frys have tried four times in the past year — with no luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This, by far, is the hardest thing that we've ever been through together,\" says Greg. \"There is always hope going into every cycle. And that hope, sort of, gets dashed at the end of the cycle, and then we start again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step they took was to try \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/02/18/279035110/ivf-baby-boom-births-from-fertility-procedure-hit-new-high\">in vitro fertilization\u003c/a>, or IVF. This involves fertilizing eggs with sperm in a laboratory dish, then transferring the embryo into the woman's uterus. It can cost $15,000 to $20,000 each try.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Greg says, they thought about traveling overseas for more affordable treatments, but travel costs would have gobbled up any savings. So, they went online instead, to the crowdfunding site GiveForward. They \u003ca href=\"https://pages.giveforward.com/medical/page-bwg4ty5/activity/595921\">posted\u003c/a> a video in which they talk about their decision to ask for financial help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know us as Julia and Greg,\" Greg begins. \"The couple with so much love to give,\" Julia continues, and they alternate telling their story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asking for IVF assistance like this is one of the fastest growing crowdfunding categories, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshuacchapman\">Josh Chapman\u003c/a>, CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://pages.giveforward.com/homepage/\">GiveForward\u003c/a>. It's outpaced all categories except adoption at his firm in 2016, Chapman says, adding, \"we believe this trend will continue into 2017.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most health insurance doesn't cover treatments for infertility. That was the case for Janet Carter and her wife Jackie. They live in Charleston, S.C., and both have job-based health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet says their insurance was helpful for the diagnostic part of the process, but that was the extent of the reimbursement. \"[The insurance] will cover anything that is testing beforehand, like any underlying issues that are leading to the need for fertility treatment. They do not cover any of the actual procedures at all,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As their August, 2015 wedding approached, the couple asked their guests to consider giving them cash for fertility treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We not only had a regular registry for Target, but we also decided to have it be an option for our friends and family that wanted to be a part of us starting our little new family,\" Janet says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wedding guests gave them about $3,000, which they used to help pay for nine failed IUI attempts. Janet wanted to try asking friends again for money, this time for help with IVF. But, initially, Jackie wasn't so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Does it seem like we're begging, or asking people for money,\" she recalls wondering. \"Am I ready to do that? Am I ready for people to be that involved?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They asked friends for their opinions about crowdfunding, and the support was resounding, the women say, save for a wee bit of hesitation from Janet's mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that's just a generational difference in opinion,\" Janet says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Jackie became convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I realized, 'Hey, you know what? There are thousands of people out there using these crowdfunding sources for honeymoons and, you know, maybe things that aren't as impactful as having a child,' \" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple went forward with a site called, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youcaring.com/janet-carter-and-jackie-regan-368536\">YouCaring.com\u003c/a>, that's helped them raise about $5,000 so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, crowdfunding \u003cem>is\u003c/em> hard for a lot of people, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.rachelgurevich.com/\">Rachel Gurevich\u003c/a>, who writes about fertility issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't do it unless you have a lot of social connections,\" she says. \"A lot of people think that it's automatic — they're going to put it up and raise a bunch of money. And they're not — and that can be really disappointing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, dozens of IVF campaigns on these sites show $0 raised. Both the Frys and the Carters received money from friends, family and some acquaintances, which is more typical for these crowdfunds, Gurevich says. Most donations range from $20 to $100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg and Julia Fry's crowdfunding page has earned about $1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been very positive — everybody that I've worked with,\" says Julia. \"People come up to me. And they've come into my office and they hand me $20,\" she says. \"They say, 'We love you guys. We think you will be such great parents — please take it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their friend Jordanna Larish gave $50, even though she's unemployed right now. \"Julia and Greg are incredibly generous people, always helping others,\" she writes in an email to NPR. \"They've been trying for so long to have a baby, and they'll be excellent parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessie Simpson, who is friends with Jackie and Janet Carter, says she gave them $500 — \"and a whole lot of prayers.\" Simpson was moved by how easy it was for her to have her son and how difficult it has been for her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Watching their struggle for over a year, all while the medical bills rack up each month, it was heartbreaking,\" Simpson writes to NPR. \"That is the power of crowdfunding though — connect their story to your experiences and you want to melt in a puddle of tears and give them the shirt off your back.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carters are using their fundraising to pay down a credit card bill for their IVF. And Janet is now pregnant — their baby is due in June, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of NPR's reporting partnership with \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Please%2C+Baby%2C+Please%3A+Some+Couples+Turn+To+Crowdfunding+For+IVF&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Tyrus Wong, Pathbreaking California Artist, Dies at 106",
"title": "Tyrus Wong, Pathbreaking California Artist, Dies at 106",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PPItL6MmTxo\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tyrus Wong, who arrived at Angel Island as a 10-year-old immigrant from China in 1920 and went on to a career as one of the California's most important modern artists, has died at age 106.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-tyrus-wong-obit-20161230-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">reports\u003c/a> Wong died Friday of natural causes at his home in Los Angeles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late in life, Wong became widely known for his landmark work on Walt Disney's 1942 animated feature \"Bambi.\" He was also recognized in Hollywood for his contributions to other landmark films, including \"Rebel Without a Cause\" and \"The Wild Bunch.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong's career received public recognition in the last two decades of his life. That was due in part to a \u003ca href=\"http://camla.org/past-exhibitions/#tyrus-wong-a-retrospective\" target=\"_blank\">2003-04 retrospective\u003c/a> at the Chinese American Museum in Los Angeles and belated attention from the Disney Co. itself. Wong was more recently in the spotlight because of the 2015 documentary \"Tyrus,\" by Los Angeles filmmaker Pamela Tom (see the trailer above). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recounted in Tom's film, Wong rose in California's art world despite the many obstacles -- both those written into law and those woven into daily life by a society that had long viewed Chinese immigrants with disdain and hostility -- that he encountered upon his arrival as a child. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As detailed in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/movies/tyrus-wong-dies-bambi-disney.html\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times obituary\u003c/a> by Margalit Fox, the first hurdle Wong had to get over were the barriers imposed by the federal Chinese Exclusion Act, an 1880s-era law that sought to shut off Chinese immigration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In 1920, seeking better economic prospects, Gen Yeo and his father embarked for the United States, leaving his mother and sister behind. Gen Yeo would never see his mother again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were obliged to travel under false identities — a state of affairs known among Chinese immigrants as being a “paper son” — in the hope of circumventing the Chinese Exclusion Act ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... United States immigration officials put Chinese arrivals through a formidable inquisition to ensure they were who they claimed to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions came like gunfire: In which direction does your village face? How many windows are in your house? Where in the house is the rice bin? How wide is your well? How deep? Are there trees in your village? Are there lakes? What shops can you name?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sponsoring relative was interrogated separately, and the answers had to match. For the new arrival, a major mistake, or a series of smaller ones, could mean deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stand a chance of passing, aspirants memorized rigorous dossiers known as coaching papers. The ensuing interrogation was hard enough for adults. Ten-year-old Gen Yeo would undergo it alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 30, 1920, after a month at sea, the Wongs landed at Angel Island Immigration Station. The elder Mr. Wong was traveling as a merchant named Look Get; his son as Look Tai Yow....\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... Because Mr. Wong’s father had previously lived in the United States as Look Get, he was able to clear Immigration quickly. But as a new arrival, Gen Yeo was detained on the island for nearly a month, the only child among the immigrants being held there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was scared half to death; I just cried,” Mr. Wong recalled in “Tyrus,” an award-winning documentary directed by Pamela Tom, which premiered in 2015. “Every day is just miserable — miserable. I hated that place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 27, 1921, in the presence of an interpreter and a stenographer, young Gen Yeo, posing as Look Tai Yow, was interrogated by three inspectors. His father had already been questioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gen Yeo was well prepared and answered without error. In Sacramento, where he joined his father, a schoolteacher Americanized “Tai Yow” to “Tyrus,” and he was known as Tyrus Wong ever after.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Wongs eventually relocated to Los Angeles, where Tyrus Wong began his formal training as an artist. In the mid-1930s, Wong joined the Federal Arts Project, a publicly funded agency that employed artists to create paintings and murals for public buildings. In 1938, Disney's studio hired him as an \"in-betweener,\" someone whose job was essentially to create visual filler in animated films. The Times' Margalit Fox \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/movies/tyrus-wong-dies-bambi-disney.html\" target=\"_blank\">takes up the story from there\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Asians were then a novelty at Hollywood studios, and Mr. Wong was made keenly aware of the fact, first at Disney and later at Warner Brothers. One co-worker flung a racial epithet at him. Another assumed on sight that he worked in the company cafeteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there was the affront of the in-betweener’s job itself: Painstaking, repetitive and for Mr. Wong quickly soul-numbing, it is the assembly-line work of animation. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... A reprieve came in the late 1930s, when Mr. Wong learned that Disney was adapting “Bambi, a Life in the Woods,” the 1923 novel by the Austrian writer Felix Salten about a fawn whose mother is killed by a hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In trying to animate the book, Disney had reached an impasse. The studio had enjoyed great success in 1937 with its animated film “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,” a baroque production in which every detail of the backgrounds — every petal on every flower, every leaf on every tree — was meticulously represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to use a similar style for “Bambi,” it found that the ornate backgrounds camouflaged the deer and other forest creatures on which the narrative centered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong spied his chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Gee, this is all outdoor scenery,’” he recalled in a video interview years afterward, adding: “I said, ‘Gee, I’m a landscape painter!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Invoking the exquisite landscape paintings of the Song dynasty (A.D. 960–1279), he rendered in watercolors and pastels a series of nature scenes that were moody, lyrical and atmospheric — at once lush and spare — with backgrounds subtly suggested by a stroke or two of the brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Walt Disney went crazy over them,” said John Canemaker, who wrote about Mr. Wong in his book “Before the Animation Begins: The Art and Lives of Disney Inspirational Sketch Artists” (1996). “He said, ‘I love this indefinite quality, the mysterious quality of the forest.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong was unofficially promoted to the rank of inspirational sketch artist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But he was more than that,” Mr. Canemaker explained. “He was the designer; he was the person they went to when they had questions about the color, about how to lay something out. He even influenced the music and the special effects: Just by the look of the drawings, he inspired people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong spent two years painting the illustrations that would inform every aspect of “Bambi.” Throughout the finished film — lent a brooding quality by its stark landscapes; misty, desaturated palette; and figures often seen in silhouette — his influence is unmistakable.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Disney fired Wong in 1941 after a strike at the studio. He went to work at Warner Brothers, retiribng in 1968. Amid many other accomplishments, Wong became known as a creator of striking kites. From \u003ca href=\"http://www.lisasee.com/on-gold-mountain/tyrus-wong-exhibit/\" target=\"_blank\">a catalog for a 2003-04 retrospective\u003c/a> of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-fta-tyrus-wong-art-exhibit-20161230-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">artist's work and career\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"After retirement Wong felt restless. One day his wife, Ruth, said, \"Why don't you go fly a kite?\" Wong rose to the lighthearted domestic challenge by embarking on the traditional and complex art of Chinese kite making. His kites are amazing works of art -- a centipede a hundred feet long, a fluttering swarm of butterflies with individual moving parts, and schools of intricately painted goldfish -- for which he was been inducted into the World Kite Museum and Hall of Fame.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Wong told the L.A. Times in 1995:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“You get a certain satisfaction in making them, and you get a certain satisfaction flying them. Some are attention-getters, but that’s not what I’m after. I used to go fishing a lot, and I love fishing. This is just like fishing, except in fishing you look down. Kite flying, you look up.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Painter who emigrated from China at age 10 gained belated renown for his work on Disney's 'Bambi' and other works.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/PPItL6MmTxo\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tyrus Wong, who arrived at Angel Island as a 10-year-old immigrant from China in 1920 and went on to a career as one of the California's most important modern artists, has died at age 106.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-tyrus-wong-obit-20161230-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">reports\u003c/a> Wong died Friday of natural causes at his home in Los Angeles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late in life, Wong became widely known for his landmark work on Walt Disney's 1942 animated feature \"Bambi.\" He was also recognized in Hollywood for his contributions to other landmark films, including \"Rebel Without a Cause\" and \"The Wild Bunch.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong's career received public recognition in the last two decades of his life. That was due in part to a \u003ca href=\"http://camla.org/past-exhibitions/#tyrus-wong-a-retrospective\" target=\"_blank\">2003-04 retrospective\u003c/a> at the Chinese American Museum in Los Angeles and belated attention from the Disney Co. itself. Wong was more recently in the spotlight because of the 2015 documentary \"Tyrus,\" by Los Angeles filmmaker Pamela Tom (see the trailer above). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recounted in Tom's film, Wong rose in California's art world despite the many obstacles -- both those written into law and those woven into daily life by a society that had long viewed Chinese immigrants with disdain and hostility -- that he encountered upon his arrival as a child. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As detailed in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/movies/tyrus-wong-dies-bambi-disney.html\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times obituary\u003c/a> by Margalit Fox, the first hurdle Wong had to get over were the barriers imposed by the federal Chinese Exclusion Act, an 1880s-era law that sought to shut off Chinese immigration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In 1920, seeking better economic prospects, Gen Yeo and his father embarked for the United States, leaving his mother and sister behind. Gen Yeo would never see his mother again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were obliged to travel under false identities — a state of affairs known among Chinese immigrants as being a “paper son” — in the hope of circumventing the Chinese Exclusion Act ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... United States immigration officials put Chinese arrivals through a formidable inquisition to ensure they were who they claimed to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questions came like gunfire: In which direction does your village face? How many windows are in your house? Where in the house is the rice bin? How wide is your well? How deep? Are there trees in your village? Are there lakes? What shops can you name?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sponsoring relative was interrogated separately, and the answers had to match. For the new arrival, a major mistake, or a series of smaller ones, could mean deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stand a chance of passing, aspirants memorized rigorous dossiers known as coaching papers. The ensuing interrogation was hard enough for adults. Ten-year-old Gen Yeo would undergo it alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 30, 1920, after a month at sea, the Wongs landed at Angel Island Immigration Station. The elder Mr. Wong was traveling as a merchant named Look Get; his son as Look Tai Yow....\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... Because Mr. Wong’s father had previously lived in the United States as Look Get, he was able to clear Immigration quickly. But as a new arrival, Gen Yeo was detained on the island for nearly a month, the only child among the immigrants being held there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was scared half to death; I just cried,” Mr. Wong recalled in “Tyrus,” an award-winning documentary directed by Pamela Tom, which premiered in 2015. “Every day is just miserable — miserable. I hated that place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 27, 1921, in the presence of an interpreter and a stenographer, young Gen Yeo, posing as Look Tai Yow, was interrogated by three inspectors. His father had already been questioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gen Yeo was well prepared and answered without error. In Sacramento, where he joined his father, a schoolteacher Americanized “Tai Yow” to “Tyrus,” and he was known as Tyrus Wong ever after.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Wongs eventually relocated to Los Angeles, where Tyrus Wong began his formal training as an artist. In the mid-1930s, Wong joined the Federal Arts Project, a publicly funded agency that employed artists to create paintings and murals for public buildings. In 1938, Disney's studio hired him as an \"in-betweener,\" someone whose job was essentially to create visual filler in animated films. The Times' Margalit Fox \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/movies/tyrus-wong-dies-bambi-disney.html\" target=\"_blank\">takes up the story from there\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Asians were then a novelty at Hollywood studios, and Mr. Wong was made keenly aware of the fact, first at Disney and later at Warner Brothers. One co-worker flung a racial epithet at him. Another assumed on sight that he worked in the company cafeteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there was the affront of the in-betweener’s job itself: Painstaking, repetitive and for Mr. Wong quickly soul-numbing, it is the assembly-line work of animation. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... A reprieve came in the late 1930s, when Mr. Wong learned that Disney was adapting “Bambi, a Life in the Woods,” the 1923 novel by the Austrian writer Felix Salten about a fawn whose mother is killed by a hunter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In trying to animate the book, Disney had reached an impasse. The studio had enjoyed great success in 1937 with its animated film “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,” a baroque production in which every detail of the backgrounds — every petal on every flower, every leaf on every tree — was meticulously represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an attempt to use a similar style for “Bambi,” it found that the ornate backgrounds camouflaged the deer and other forest creatures on which the narrative centered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong spied his chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Gee, this is all outdoor scenery,’” he recalled in a video interview years afterward, adding: “I said, ‘Gee, I’m a landscape painter!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Invoking the exquisite landscape paintings of the Song dynasty (A.D. 960–1279), he rendered in watercolors and pastels a series of nature scenes that were moody, lyrical and atmospheric — at once lush and spare — with backgrounds subtly suggested by a stroke or two of the brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Walt Disney went crazy over them,” said John Canemaker, who wrote about Mr. Wong in his book “Before the Animation Begins: The Art and Lives of Disney Inspirational Sketch Artists” (1996). “He said, ‘I love this indefinite quality, the mysterious quality of the forest.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong was unofficially promoted to the rank of inspirational sketch artist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But he was more than that,” Mr. Canemaker explained. “He was the designer; he was the person they went to when they had questions about the color, about how to lay something out. He even influenced the music and the special effects: Just by the look of the drawings, he inspired people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Wong spent two years painting the illustrations that would inform every aspect of “Bambi.” Throughout the finished film — lent a brooding quality by its stark landscapes; misty, desaturated palette; and figures often seen in silhouette — his influence is unmistakable.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Disney fired Wong in 1941 after a strike at the studio. He went to work at Warner Brothers, retiribng in 1968. Amid many other accomplishments, Wong became known as a creator of striking kites. From \u003ca href=\"http://www.lisasee.com/on-gold-mountain/tyrus-wong-exhibit/\" target=\"_blank\">a catalog for a 2003-04 retrospective\u003c/a> of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-fta-tyrus-wong-art-exhibit-20161230-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">artist's work and career\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"After retirement Wong felt restless. One day his wife, Ruth, said, \"Why don't you go fly a kite?\" Wong rose to the lighthearted domestic challenge by embarking on the traditional and complex art of Chinese kite making. His kites are amazing works of art -- a centipede a hundred feet long, a fluttering swarm of butterflies with individual moving parts, and schools of intricately painted goldfish -- for which he was been inducted into the World Kite Museum and Hall of Fame.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Wong told the L.A. Times in 1995:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“You get a certain satisfaction in making them, and you get a certain satisfaction flying them. Some are attention-getters, but that’s not what I’m after. I used to go fishing a lot, and I love fishing. This is just like fishing, except in fishing you look down. Kite flying, you look up.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "program-aimed-at-african-american-males-comes-to-mission-high-school-in-s-f",
"title": "Program Aimed at African-American Males Comes to Mission High School in S.F.",
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"headTitle": "Program Aimed at African-American Males Comes to Mission High School in S.F. | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Launched by the Oakland Unified School District in 2010, the African American Male Achievement program wrapped up its first semester at Mission High School in San Francisco this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/Page/495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OUSD website\u003c/a>, the program’s stated goal is to “stop the epidemic failure of African American male students” and is designed to improve their academic and life outcomes. After several academic years in Oakland, the program expanded across the bay to San Francisco for the first time this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Written on a whiteboard in a classroom at Mission High School, the first and only S.F. high school to launch the program, the objective is written simply: “Engage. Encourage. Empower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program’s curriculum places an emphasis on African-American history that empowers young men. Through unconventional methods of teaching like chanting and music, students receive lessons on major civil rights leaders, such as Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party, and not on history lessons that focus on slavery or oppression of blacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Students can] finally come into a space they own. They can challenge the status quo,” said Jeremy Vasquez, a Mission High School teacher who leads the African American Male Achievement program there. “They’re able to come into [an academic environment] that is known to be institutionally racist and speak on it. ‘Like, we’re doing the slavery [topic] again? Again? I’ve heard this every single year I’ve been in school. Can we change the narrative?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11242021\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11242021\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-800x450.png\" alt=\"A Mission High School student takes part in the African American Male Achievement program.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1920x1080.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1180x664.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-960x540.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-240x135.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-375x211.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-520x293.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Mission High School student takes part in the African American Male Achievement program. \u003ccite>(Nailah Morgan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to teaching African-American males about their cultural identity, the program encourages students to address each other using the term “king.” Vasquez says there has been backlash from certain Mission High School teachers who say the program is divisive, even crossing out the word “king” when students write it before their name on homework and tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When [Mr. Vasquez] calls us kings, and keeps saying it and saying it, we start to believe it. We start to act like it and we become better people,” said Benjamin Knight, a 15-year-old Mission High School student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several students who finished the fall semester said their lives have been forever changed by the program. Students will continue the class during the spring semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jeremy teaches us real things, like what’s actually happening. But in other classes they don’t talk about it. They just go to a different topic. Professors talked about the election more than Black Lives Matter or someone being killed,” said Jamarion Speed, a 15-year-old Mission High School student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I truly believe that every community needs this program,” said Vasquez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project’s San Francisco pilot program also debuted in three middle schools this year: Willie L. Brown Jr., Martin Luther King Jr. and Visitacion Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also during the 2017 spring semester, Mission High School will launch its first \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&DomainID=7&ModuleInstanceID=19272&ViewID=6446EE88-D30C-497E-9316-3F8874B3E108&RenderLoc=0&FlexDataID=17138&PageID=13526\">African American Girls and Young Women Achievement program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: The program is an elective class that all male African American students are encouraged to take. It is not a mandatory requirement. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Launched by OUSD in 2010, the program completed its first semester in San Francisco this month.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Launched by the Oakland Unified School District in 2010, the African American Male Achievement program wrapped up its first semester at Mission High School in San Francisco this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/Page/495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OUSD website\u003c/a>, the program’s stated goal is to “stop the epidemic failure of African American male students” and is designed to improve their academic and life outcomes. After several academic years in Oakland, the program expanded across the bay to San Francisco for the first time this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Written on a whiteboard in a classroom at Mission High School, the first and only S.F. high school to launch the program, the objective is written simply: “Engage. Encourage. Empower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program’s curriculum places an emphasis on African-American history that empowers young men. Through unconventional methods of teaching like chanting and music, students receive lessons on major civil rights leaders, such as Malcolm X and the Black Panther Party, and not on history lessons that focus on slavery or oppression of blacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Students can] finally come into a space they own. They can challenge the status quo,” said Jeremy Vasquez, a Mission High School teacher who leads the African American Male Achievement program there. “They’re able to come into [an academic environment] that is known to be institutionally racist and speak on it. ‘Like, we’re doing the slavery [topic] again? Again? I’ve heard this every single year I’ve been in school. Can we change the narrative?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11242021\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11242021\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-800x450.png\" alt=\"A Mission High School student takes part in the African American Male Achievement program.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1920x1080.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-1180x664.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-960x540.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-240x135.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-375x211.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/aama-still-520x293.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Mission High School student takes part in the African American Male Achievement program. \u003ccite>(Nailah Morgan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to teaching African-American males about their cultural identity, the program encourages students to address each other using the term “king.” Vasquez says there has been backlash from certain Mission High School teachers who say the program is divisive, even crossing out the word “king” when students write it before their name on homework and tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When [Mr. Vasquez] calls us kings, and keeps saying it and saying it, we start to believe it. We start to act like it and we become better people,” said Benjamin Knight, a 15-year-old Mission High School student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several students who finished the fall semester said their lives have been forever changed by the program. Students will continue the class during the spring semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jeremy teaches us real things, like what’s actually happening. But in other classes they don’t talk about it. They just go to a different topic. Professors talked about the election more than Black Lives Matter or someone being killed,” said Jamarion Speed, a 15-year-old Mission High School student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I truly believe that every community needs this program,” said Vasquez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project’s San Francisco pilot program also debuted in three middle schools this year: Willie L. Brown Jr., Martin Luther King Jr. and Visitacion Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also during the 2017 spring semester, Mission High School will launch its first \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&DomainID=7&ModuleInstanceID=19272&ViewID=6446EE88-D30C-497E-9316-3F8874B3E108&RenderLoc=0&FlexDataID=17138&PageID=13526\">African American Girls and Young Women Achievement program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: The program is an elective class that all male African American students are encouraged to take. It is not a mandatory requirement. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story ran originally on Dec. 29, 2014. Amy Standen is now a reporter at \u003ca href=\"https://gimletmedia.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gimlet Media\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hangovers are a neglected topic, at least in the annals of science. Search “alcoholism” on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=alcoholism\">PubMed \u003c/a>and you’ll find 76,131 studies published in peer-reviewed science journals. “Hangovers” yields a mere \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hangover\">520\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of those were authored by Michael Shlipak, a physician at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Most of the time, Shlipak studies kidney function. But a couple of oft-cited studies on hangovers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836917\">2000 \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">2004 \u003c/a>have earned him the distinction of being a “hangover expert,” a title he accepts somewhat reluctantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to meet Shlipak at his office in San Francisco’s Outer Richmond district. His spectacular view of the Pacific coast would probably be a balm after a rocky night out. What Shlipak told me about hangovers is surprising, as you’ll see in the video below (use the audio player above to hear the complete interview segment).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After you watch it, scroll down for some recipes that might (might!) help take the edge off of that New Year’s misery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://youtu.be/mY1A6LwqsRU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So You Want to Try Prickly Pear at Home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okay, two Big Caveats here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #1\u003c/em>: first is that in Shlipak’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">study\u003c/a>, the prickly pear was consumed \u003cem>before\u003c/em> study subjects went out drinking. The science here is far from certain, but Shlipak was concerned that the prickly pear wouldn’t digest as well in a belly full of booze. By the time the hangover has set in, he says, it’s probably too late. So think of it as prevention, not antidote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #2:\u003c/em> No one knows exactly how much prickly pear you’d have to eat to tame that hangover. In Shlipak’s study, researchers used an extract. But dosages vary widely in nutritional supplements, which is why Shlipak told me he’d stick with the raw fruit itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much ?” I asked. “Lots,” he answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those troublesome details out of the way, here are a couple of recipes I found online for prickly pear. (Of course, you could also just peel it and eat it raw. I bought a couple at a local market and found them to be quite tasty, kind of like a tart cucumber.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Prickly Pear Sorbet! Sounds like just the thing for your pre-New Years ramp-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.rickbayless.com/recipe/monte-cristos-prickly-pear-sorbet/\">Monte Cristo’s Prickly Pear Sorbet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from Dr. Oz (not known for his \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2014/12/22/the-best-medical-advice-it-may-be-to-stay-away-from-dr-ozs/\">sound medical advice\u003c/a>, but if nothing else, this sounds delicious), a non-alcoholic prickly pear cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.doctoroz.com/recipe/hangover-cure-prickly-pear-cocktail\">Hangover Cure Prickly Pear Cocktail\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, because nothing says New Years Eve like salad and chia seeds, this attractive vinaigrette.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://michelepeterson.com/3243-healthy-prickly-pear-chia-salad-dressing-recipe/\">Healthy prickly pear + chia salad dressing | A Taste for Travel with Michele Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story ran originally on Dec. 29, 2014. Amy Standen is now a reporter at \u003ca href=\"https://gimletmedia.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gimlet Media\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hangovers are a neglected topic, at least in the annals of science. Search “alcoholism” on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=alcoholism\">PubMed \u003c/a>and you’ll find 76,131 studies published in peer-reviewed science journals. “Hangovers” yields a mere \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hangover\">520\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of those were authored by Michael Shlipak, a physician at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Most of the time, Shlipak studies kidney function. But a couple of oft-cited studies on hangovers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836917\">2000 \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">2004 \u003c/a>have earned him the distinction of being a “hangover expert,” a title he accepts somewhat reluctantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to meet Shlipak at his office in San Francisco’s Outer Richmond district. His spectacular view of the Pacific coast would probably be a balm after a rocky night out. What Shlipak told me about hangovers is surprising, as you’ll see in the video below (use the audio player above to hear the complete interview segment).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After you watch it, scroll down for some recipes that might (might!) help take the edge off of that New Year’s misery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/mY1A6LwqsRU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/mY1A6LwqsRU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So You Want to Try Prickly Pear at Home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okay, two Big Caveats here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #1\u003c/em>: first is that in Shlipak’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15226168\">study\u003c/a>, the prickly pear was consumed \u003cem>before\u003c/em> study subjects went out drinking. The science here is far from certain, but Shlipak was concerned that the prickly pear wouldn’t digest as well in a belly full of booze. By the time the hangover has set in, he says, it’s probably too late. So think of it as prevention, not antidote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Caveat #2:\u003c/em> No one knows exactly how much prickly pear you’d have to eat to tame that hangover. In Shlipak’s study, researchers used an extract. But dosages vary widely in nutritional supplements, which is why Shlipak told me he’d stick with the raw fruit itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much ?” I asked. “Lots,” he answered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those troublesome details out of the way, here are a couple of recipes I found online for prickly pear. (Of course, you could also just peel it and eat it raw. I bought a couple at a local market and found them to be quite tasty, kind of like a tart cucumber.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Prickly Pear Sorbet! Sounds like just the thing for your pre-New Years ramp-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.rickbayless.com/recipe/monte-cristos-prickly-pear-sorbet/\">Monte Cristo’s Prickly Pear Sorbet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from Dr. Oz (not known for his \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2014/12/22/the-best-medical-advice-it-may-be-to-stay-away-from-dr-ozs/\">sound medical advice\u003c/a>, but if nothing else, this sounds delicious), a non-alcoholic prickly pear cocktail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://www.doctoroz.com/recipe/hangover-cure-prickly-pear-cocktail\">Hangover Cure Prickly Pear Cocktail\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, because nothing says New Years Eve like salad and chia seeds, this attractive vinaigrette.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca class=\"embedly-card\" href=\"http://michelepeterson.com/3243-healthy-prickly-pear-chia-salad-dressing-recipe/\">Healthy prickly pear + chia salad dressing | A Taste for Travel with Michele Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "No Retrial for Black Man Arrested by BART Police in Racially Charged Incident",
"title": "No Retrial for Black Man Arrested by BART Police in Racially Charged Incident",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_4NJ1X3yGE&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors declined Friday to retry a young black man whose arrest this summer at a San Francisco BART station highlighted issues of race in policing. The decision ends the criminal case stemming from a controversial arrest caught on video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Videos of BART police officers arresting Michael Smith on July 29 went viral and showed the aftermath of a 911 call reporting a threatened robbery and a black man who potentially had a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A jury acquitted Michael Smith in mid-December of four charges of battery on a police officer, but split on additional battery and resisting arrest charges. The district attorney's office could have retried him on those undecided charges, but they declined to Friday, ending the prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Body camera \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/sh/2u1v0wn5dev8zbz/AACjyi6vlV2eO3OU-MSLPcu6a?dl=0&lst=\" target=\"_blank\">video\u003c/a> released this week by the San Francisco Public Defender's Office shows four officers briskly approaching a westbound BART train as it pulls into Embarcadero Station. They quickly locate Smith, possibly because of the caller's description of him wearing a \"Mickey Mouse\" shirt, and with guns drawn order him to the ground. Smith doesn't appear to resist as the officers handcuff him and remove his backpack, but the videos later show him kicking and struggling with the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was slammed down to the ground, his face hit the concrete, he was put in a very painful -- what’s called a figure four leg lock twice. They also put their fists in his chest, all before he offered any real resistance,\" Adachi said, adding that Smith started to resist only after informing officers that his partner, Andrea Appleton, was pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is also a situation where his pregnant girlfriend was thrown to the ground, the officer’s knee was in her back 20 seconds after both she and Michael told the police she was pregnant,\" Adachi said. \"As a result, they lost the baby.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appleton told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Pregnant-woman-held-face-down-by-BART-police-said-10812015.php?cmpid=twitter-desktop\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> this week that she suffered a miscarriage about two weeks after the incident. The public defender's office did not respond to inquiries seeking any medical evidence that the miscarriage was related to Smith's arrest or Appleton's handcuffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case comes at a time of scrutiny of police use of force and several shootings of young men of color throughout the Bay Area and the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the judge presiding over Smith's case disallowed mention of other cases during the trial, including that of the fatal BART police shooting of another young black man, Oscar Grant, who died on the Fruitvale BART Station platform on New Year's Day in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ruling -- coupled with decisions that excluded witness testimony that the 911 caller had been harassing Smith and Appleton on the train -- prompted Adachi to launch an unsuccessful attempt to remove Judge Anne-Christine Massullo from the case. He accused the judge in a motion of bias, a move he conceded was \"controversial.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the first things that she did is excluded testimony of witnesses who would have said that Michael did nothing wrong in the train,\" he said. \"I thought that was extremely unfair given, that she was going to allow the call made by the person who falsely accused Michael of attempting to commit a robbery and falsely having a weapon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300260200?secret_token=s-ojaOG\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The judge immediately said, 'I’m not going to let you talk about Black Lives Matter or the Oscar Grant case,' \" Adachi said. \"How do you talk about a case involving a young African-American man assaulted by BART police without talking about Oscar Grant, without talking about racial attitudes in America, particularly at this point in time?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford law professor Robert Weisberg said the context of race and policing impacted the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This case sort of fell into the strike zone of a whole bunch of vectors in legal and police controversies in recent years,\" he said, noting that while the San Francisco Police Department was not involved in the case, the prolonged scrutiny on the city's police force was likely in the minds of jurors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Adachi, Weisberg wondered whether an unconfirmed report that Smith may have had a gun should provoke a more subdued police response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We simply don’t know how careful the police were to confirm or disprove the allegation that Mr. Smith was carrying a weapon,\" Weisberg said. \"All they knew is someone reported that. That gives them a pretty good reason to suspect the person has a weapon, but maybe not an automatic inference of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adachi said the police's strong response to the call was beyond inappropriate, and the caller should be charged with making a false report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There’s a double standard that’s applied to police,\" he said. \"There’s a double standard that’s applied based on race. What if the roles had been reversed? What if Michael Smith was the one that made a false allegation against a white man, and as a result the white man was taken down by police?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for the San Francisco District Attorney's Office said there was insufficient evidence to charge the caller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART maintains that police were using an appropriate amount of force, given Smith’s behavior and the report of a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's just unfortunate that Mr. Smith didn't comply in the beginning, and this never would have happened,” said BART Deputy Police Chief Jeffrey Jennings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A BART district spokeswoman said Friday that an \"active internal affairs investigation\" into the incident is ongoing, and that \"there is nothing for us to add,\" about the end of Michael Smith's criminal trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A district attorney's spokesman said there is a \"wide range of reasons\" that the office would not purse a retrial in the case. He said the whole of the police body camera footage answers the question of why prosecutors charged the case to begin with and declined to elaborate. More video footage can be viewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/sh/2u1v0wn5dev8zbz/AACjyi6vlV2eO3OU-MSLPcu6a?dl=0&lst=\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We make our decisions based on the facts and the law,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was slammed down to the ground, his face hit the concrete, he was put in a very painful -- what’s called a figure four leg lock twice. They also put their fists in his chest, all before he offered any real resistance,\" Adachi said, adding that Smith started to resist only after informing officers that his partner, Andrea Appleton, was pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is also a situation where his pregnant girlfriend was thrown to the ground, the officer’s knee was in her back 20 seconds after both she and Michael told the police she was pregnant,\" Adachi said. \"As a result, they lost the baby.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appleton told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Pregnant-woman-held-face-down-by-BART-police-said-10812015.php?cmpid=twitter-desktop\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> this week that she suffered a miscarriage about two weeks after the incident. The public defender's office did not respond to inquiries seeking any medical evidence that the miscarriage was related to Smith's arrest or Appleton's handcuffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case comes at a time of scrutiny of police use of force and several shootings of young men of color throughout the Bay Area and the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the judge presiding over Smith's case disallowed mention of other cases during the trial, including that of the fatal BART police shooting of another young black man, Oscar Grant, who died on the Fruitvale BART Station platform on New Year's Day in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ruling -- coupled with decisions that excluded witness testimony that the 911 caller had been harassing Smith and Appleton on the train -- prompted Adachi to launch an unsuccessful attempt to remove Judge Anne-Christine Massullo from the case. He accused the judge in a motion of bias, a move he conceded was \"controversial.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the first things that she did is excluded testimony of witnesses who would have said that Michael did nothing wrong in the train,\" he said. \"I thought that was extremely unfair given, that she was going to allow the call made by the person who falsely accused Michael of attempting to commit a robbery and falsely having a weapon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300260200?secret_token=s-ojaOG&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/300260200?secret_token=s-ojaOG'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The judge immediately said, 'I’m not going to let you talk about Black Lives Matter or the Oscar Grant case,' \" Adachi said. \"How do you talk about a case involving a young African-American man assaulted by BART police without talking about Oscar Grant, without talking about racial attitudes in America, particularly at this point in time?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford law professor Robert Weisberg said the context of race and policing impacted the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This case sort of fell into the strike zone of a whole bunch of vectors in legal and police controversies in recent years,\" he said, noting that while the San Francisco Police Department was not involved in the case, the prolonged scrutiny on the city's police force was likely in the minds of jurors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Adachi, Weisberg wondered whether an unconfirmed report that Smith may have had a gun should provoke a more subdued police response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We simply don’t know how careful the police were to confirm or disprove the allegation that Mr. Smith was carrying a weapon,\" Weisberg said. \"All they knew is someone reported that. That gives them a pretty good reason to suspect the person has a weapon, but maybe not an automatic inference of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adachi said the police's strong response to the call was beyond inappropriate, and the caller should be charged with making a false report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There’s a double standard that’s applied to police,\" he said. \"There’s a double standard that’s applied based on race. What if the roles had been reversed? What if Michael Smith was the one that made a false allegation against a white man, and as a result the white man was taken down by police?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for the San Francisco District Attorney's Office said there was insufficient evidence to charge the caller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART maintains that police were using an appropriate amount of force, given Smith’s behavior and the report of a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's just unfortunate that Mr. Smith didn't comply in the beginning, and this never would have happened,” said BART Deputy Police Chief Jeffrey Jennings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A BART district spokeswoman said Friday that an \"active internal affairs investigation\" into the incident is ongoing, and that \"there is nothing for us to add,\" about the end of Michael Smith's criminal trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A district attorney's spokesman said there is a \"wide range of reasons\" that the office would not purse a retrial in the case. He said the whole of the police body camera footage answers the question of why prosecutors charged the case to begin with and declined to elaborate. More video footage can be viewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/sh/2u1v0wn5dev8zbz/AACjyi6vlV2eO3OU-MSLPcu6a?dl=0&lst=\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We make our decisions based on the facts and the law,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated, Dec. 30, 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a sad day for animal lovers and political watchers across California. Gov. Jerry Brown's 13-year-old Pembroke Welsh corgi, Sutter, has died. The governor's press office announced the news on Twitter.\u003cbr>\nhttps://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/814998004339875841\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add one more name to the list of \"celebrities\" who passed in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter's final tweet came earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SutterBrown/status/805973954116526080\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter is survived by his sister, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/colusabrown?lang=en\">Colusa Lucy Brown\u003c/a>, and parents, Gov. Jerry Brown and first lady Anne Gust Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter Brown has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2016/10/californias-first-dog-falls-critically-ill-106267#ixzz4MnZ5zIuB\" target=\"_blank\">fallen ill\u003c/a>. And it looks like cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 13-year-old Pembroke Welsh corgi, who was adopted by Gov. Jerry Brown and first lady Anne Gust Brown six years ago, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/qsahmed/12-reasons-sutter-brown-is-a-force-in-california-p-dh45\" target=\"_blank\">well known\u003c/a> as California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/s_firstdog.php\">First Dog\u003c/a>. He was \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-pc-sutter-brown-california-dog-20141027-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">a fixture on the campaign trail in 2012\u003c/a>, when Brown was pushing a ballot measure to help balance the state budget, and has \u003ca href=\"http://www.today.com/id/41661409/ns/today-today_pets/t/welsh-corgi-californias-new-top-dog/#.V_1n4pMrKV4\" target=\"_blank\">helped soften the governor's image\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/785895815952736256\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter fell ill on Friday and was rushed to an animal hospital by the governor and first lady, Brown spokesman Evan Westrup said in a written statement. According to Westrup, Sutter underwent emergency surgery, during which \"numerous masses,\" were discovered in his intestines, lymph nodes and liver. The masses are most likely cancer, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11125628\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11125628\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"California First Dog Sutter Brown has cancer. \" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California First Dog Sutter Brown has cancer. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Governor's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"While Sutter pulled through surgery, the vets were not able to remove all of the cancer and his condition remains critical,\" he said. \"While we do not have the results from the biopsies yet, the prognosis is likely to be very poor. He will continue to rest and recover at the animal hospital in the days ahead. The focus is on getting him well enough to come home, so he can spend time with his family, including Colusa, whose spirits have been very low with her brother gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ColusaBrown\" target=\"_blank\">Colusa\u003c/a> is Sutter's adoptive sister, who joined the first family in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SutterBrown/status/599311594409971714\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pooches are not above helping their parents push political messaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SutterBrown/status/745311867900305409\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they're a welcome break from politics as usual around the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/738815092381212673\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope Sutter can head home soon.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter is survived by his sister, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/colusabrown?lang=en\">Colusa Lucy Brown\u003c/a>, and parents, Gov. Jerry Brown and first lady Anne Gust Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutter Brown has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/states/california/story/2016/10/californias-first-dog-falls-critically-ill-106267#ixzz4MnZ5zIuB\" target=\"_blank\">fallen ill\u003c/a>. And it looks like cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 13-year-old Pembroke Welsh corgi, who was adopted by Gov. Jerry Brown and first lady Anne Gust Brown six years ago, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/qsahmed/12-reasons-sutter-brown-is-a-force-in-california-p-dh45\" target=\"_blank\">well known\u003c/a> as California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/s_firstdog.php\">First Dog\u003c/a>. He was \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-pc-sutter-brown-california-dog-20141027-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">a fixture on the campaign trail in 2012\u003c/a>, when Brown was pushing a ballot measure to help balance the state budget, and has \u003ca href=\"http://www.today.com/id/41661409/ns/today-today_pets/t/welsh-corgi-californias-new-top-dog/#.V_1n4pMrKV4\" target=\"_blank\">helped soften the governor's image\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sutter fell ill on Friday and was rushed to an animal hospital by the governor and first lady, Brown spokesman Evan Westrup said in a written statement. According to Westrup, Sutter underwent emergency surgery, during which \"numerous masses,\" were discovered in his intestines, lymph nodes and liver. The masses are most likely cancer, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11125628\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11125628\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"California First Dog Sutter Brown has cancer. \" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21446_sutter-qut-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California First Dog Sutter Brown has cancer. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Governor's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"While Sutter pulled through surgery, the vets were not able to remove all of the cancer and his condition remains critical,\" he said. \"While we do not have the results from the biopsies yet, the prognosis is likely to be very poor. He will continue to rest and recover at the animal hospital in the days ahead. The focus is on getting him well enough to come home, so he can spend time with his family, including Colusa, whose spirits have been very low with her brother gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ColusaBrown\" target=\"_blank\">Colusa\u003c/a> is Sutter's adoptive sister, who joined the first family in 2015.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Investigation Questions How Stanford Reviews Alleged Sexual Assaults",
"title": "Investigation Questions How Stanford Reviews Alleged Sexual Assaults",
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"content": "\u003cp>A high-profile news report published this week has returned the national spotlight to frustrations over how sexual assaults on college campuses, in the Bay Area and nationwide, are handled by academic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/29/sports/football/stanford-football-rape-accusation.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times'\u003c/a> new investigation released Thursday exposes a sexual assault charge on the campus of Stanford University and how multiple administrative panels left the accuser feeling abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National statistics show that is not an anomaly. More than one-in-five undergraduate women report being sexually assaulted during college, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ccsvsftr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> released by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in 2016. The majority of rape and sexual assault survivors said they were victimized by someone they knew. But the majority of those rapes or assaults go unreported. Only 7 percent of women who said they were raped reported the incident to a school official, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are more likely to report sexual violence to their universities or colleges than to the police. But that's left institutions to strike a delicate balance between the legal right of the victim to have a safe campus, while maintaining a fair investigation for the accused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/29/sports/football/stanford-football-rape-accusation.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times \u003c/a>report, a Stanford sophomore, who is now 22, revealed she went to the room of a football player during a frat party one night. She says he raped her. He says they had consensual sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Seeking to avoid the trauma of a police investigation, the accuser turned to the university’s in-house disciplinary board, one of many on college campuses that adjudicate sexual assault cases, and it would decide whom to believe. If the panel had found that sexual assault had taken place, the man could have been expelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both times, three of the five panelists — drawn from a pool of administrators, faculty members and students — concluded that the man, who remained on the football team throughout the case and is on the roster for a bowl game Friday, committed sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At many schools, this simple majority vote would have been enough to find the accused responsible. But Stanford had set an uncommonly high bar, requiring at least a 4-1 decision.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>This year, amid growing dissent over how it handles these kinds of cases, Stanford changed its procedure in a way that victims' rights advocates say favors the accused. It now requires a unanimous verdict from a three-member board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's unusual, Michele Dauber, a Stanford law professor and sexual assault survivor advocate, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This makes Stanford a significant outlier among its peer schools\", she said. \"Only one other school has a three-person unanimous panel and that's Duke. The most commonly used form of the decision is a three-person panel and it's decided by a simple majority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford officials insisted that the unanimous panel is fair, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/12/29/stanfords-new-process-on-sex-assault-cases-is-criticized-as-perpetrator-friendly/\" target=\"_blank\">in an interview with the Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“What Stanford supports overall is due process and we want to have a process that is fair and equitable for both the accuser and the accused,” Stanford spokeswoman Lisa Lapin said Thursday. She pointed out that under the review process, the panel uses a “preponderance of evidence” standard to decide a case, a lower legal bar than “beyond a reasonable doubt,” which is applied under U.S. law in criminal cases. So if lower threshold tends to favor the accuser, said Lapin, the unanimous vote essentially serves as a counterbalance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our process,” said Lapin, “is designed so that it provides due process for both parties.” She said of 16 cases reported so far this year, six went to the three-member panel, with three of the accused found to be responsible while the other three were not.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But Dauber told KQED that she finds the requirement for a unanimous verdict \"inherently unfair.\" Under this system, the accused needs only one vote in their favor to win the \"case.\" Whereas, the accuser needs all three panelists to agree to prevail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the alleged assault investigated by the New York Times, although the majority of the panelists agreed that an assault had taken place, no action was taken. The panelists first met in June 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The victim left Stanford and is deciding whether to return. The accused student remains enrolled at the university and is expected to be a member of the football team in the bowl game against North Carolina today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ongoing Title IX Investigations Into Stanford\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States Education Department interprets Title IX, a 1972 federal law mandating access to higher education regardless of gender, as requiring universities to investigate alleged sexual assaults. Universities have broad latitude to decide how they will conduct such investigations and rulings, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, under the Obama administration, the department has become more active in investigating and raising awareness about campus sexual assault. In 2011, the department's Office of Civil Rights urged administrators to use a preponderance of evidence, the legal standard in civil cases. This summer, the Office of Civil Rights was\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/09/stanford-tops-federal-list-with-5-sexual-violence-investigations/\" target=\"_blank\"> investigating Stanford for the handling of five cases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the government lists five cases, they reflect four different incidents. In one of the matters, both the complaining student and the responding student filed concerns with OCR, an OCR communications officer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put the number of cases in context: The federal list includes 243 sexual violence cases at 192 postsecondary institutions as of June 1. Apart from Stanford, two other schools had four cases: Kansas State University and Saint Mary’s College of Maryland. Six other schools had three cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford reported 39 sexual assaults on and around campus in 2015, compared to 21 in 2010, according to data reported to the federal government. However, it is possible more victims are coming forward more often, the Times notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University panels have adjudicated 22 sexual assault cases, finding in 13 that the accuser acted improperly since 2010. Only one student has been expelled for sexual assault, the Times reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford's most high-profile sexual assault was tried off campus. On Jan. 17, 2015, Brock Turner, a star swimmer at Stanford, sexually assaulted an unconscious woman on campus. She called the police and pressed charges. Superior Court Judge Aaron Persky was widely criticized for imposing a six-month jail sentence rather than the six-year prison term that prosecutors had sought. Persky's short sentence -- along with his statement that \"a prison sentence would have a severe impact on [Turner]. I think he will not be a danger to others,\" and the victim's \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/katiejmbaker/heres-the-powerful-letter-the-stanford-victim-read-to-her-ra?utm_term=.mtVlb92jw#.gmgroaGqA\" target=\"_blank\">powerful letter\u003c/a> to her attacker -- fueled \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/06/481010919/california-rape-case-sentence-sparks-outrage\" target=\"_blank\">a nationwide debate\u003c/a> on how sexual assaults are handled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turner was \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/02/brock-turner-released-from-jail-after-three-months/\" target=\"_blank\">released after serving three months\u003c/a> of his term in a county jail. Last week a panel \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/19/panel-finds-no-grounds-to-punish-judge-in-brock-turner-sex-assault-case/\" target=\"_blank\">found no grounds\u003c/a> to punish Persky for the sentence.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A high-profile news report published this week has returned the national spotlight to frustrations over how sexual assaults on college campuses, in the Bay Area and nationwide, are handled by academic institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/29/sports/football/stanford-football-rape-accusation.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times'\u003c/a> new investigation released Thursday exposes a sexual assault charge on the campus of Stanford University and how multiple administrative panels left the accuser feeling abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National statistics show that is not an anomaly. More than one-in-five undergraduate women report being sexually assaulted during college, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ccsvsftr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> released by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in 2016. The majority of rape and sexual assault survivors said they were victimized by someone they knew. But the majority of those rapes or assaults go unreported. Only 7 percent of women who said they were raped reported the incident to a school official, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are more likely to report sexual violence to their universities or colleges than to the police. But that's left institutions to strike a delicate balance between the legal right of the victim to have a safe campus, while maintaining a fair investigation for the accused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/29/sports/football/stanford-football-rape-accusation.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times \u003c/a>report, a Stanford sophomore, who is now 22, revealed she went to the room of a football player during a frat party one night. She says he raped her. He says they had consensual sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Seeking to avoid the trauma of a police investigation, the accuser turned to the university’s in-house disciplinary board, one of many on college campuses that adjudicate sexual assault cases, and it would decide whom to believe. If the panel had found that sexual assault had taken place, the man could have been expelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both times, three of the five panelists — drawn from a pool of administrators, faculty members and students — concluded that the man, who remained on the football team throughout the case and is on the roster for a bowl game Friday, committed sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At many schools, this simple majority vote would have been enough to find the accused responsible. But Stanford had set an uncommonly high bar, requiring at least a 4-1 decision.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>This year, amid growing dissent over how it handles these kinds of cases, Stanford changed its procedure in a way that victims' rights advocates say favors the accused. It now requires a unanimous verdict from a three-member board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's unusual, Michele Dauber, a Stanford law professor and sexual assault survivor advocate, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This makes Stanford a significant outlier among its peer schools\", she said. \"Only one other school has a three-person unanimous panel and that's Duke. The most commonly used form of the decision is a three-person panel and it's decided by a simple majority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford officials insisted that the unanimous panel is fair, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/12/29/stanfords-new-process-on-sex-assault-cases-is-criticized-as-perpetrator-friendly/\" target=\"_blank\">in an interview with the Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“What Stanford supports overall is due process and we want to have a process that is fair and equitable for both the accuser and the accused,” Stanford spokeswoman Lisa Lapin said Thursday. She pointed out that under the review process, the panel uses a “preponderance of evidence” standard to decide a case, a lower legal bar than “beyond a reasonable doubt,” which is applied under U.S. law in criminal cases. So if lower threshold tends to favor the accuser, said Lapin, the unanimous vote essentially serves as a counterbalance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our process,” said Lapin, “is designed so that it provides due process for both parties.” She said of 16 cases reported so far this year, six went to the three-member panel, with three of the accused found to be responsible while the other three were not.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But Dauber told KQED that she finds the requirement for a unanimous verdict \"inherently unfair.\" Under this system, the accused needs only one vote in their favor to win the \"case.\" Whereas, the accuser needs all three panelists to agree to prevail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the alleged assault investigated by the New York Times, although the majority of the panelists agreed that an assault had taken place, no action was taken. The panelists first met in June 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The victim left Stanford and is deciding whether to return. The accused student remains enrolled at the university and is expected to be a member of the football team in the bowl game against North Carolina today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ongoing Title IX Investigations Into Stanford\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States Education Department interprets Title IX, a 1972 federal law mandating access to higher education regardless of gender, as requiring universities to investigate alleged sexual assaults. Universities have broad latitude to decide how they will conduct such investigations and rulings, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, under the Obama administration, the department has become more active in investigating and raising awareness about campus sexual assault. In 2011, the department's Office of Civil Rights urged administrators to use a preponderance of evidence, the legal standard in civil cases. This summer, the Office of Civil Rights was\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/09/stanford-tops-federal-list-with-5-sexual-violence-investigations/\" target=\"_blank\"> investigating Stanford for the handling of five cases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the government lists five cases, they reflect four different incidents. In one of the matters, both the complaining student and the responding student filed concerns with OCR, an OCR communications officer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put the number of cases in context: The federal list includes 243 sexual violence cases at 192 postsecondary institutions as of June 1. Apart from Stanford, two other schools had four cases: Kansas State University and Saint Mary’s College of Maryland. Six other schools had three cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford reported 39 sexual assaults on and around campus in 2015, compared to 21 in 2010, according to data reported to the federal government. However, it is possible more victims are coming forward more often, the Times notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University panels have adjudicated 22 sexual assault cases, finding in 13 that the accuser acted improperly since 2010. Only one student has been expelled for sexual assault, the Times reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford's most high-profile sexual assault was tried off campus. On Jan. 17, 2015, Brock Turner, a star swimmer at Stanford, sexually assaulted an unconscious woman on campus. She called the police and pressed charges. Superior Court Judge Aaron Persky was widely criticized for imposing a six-month jail sentence rather than the six-year prison term that prosecutors had sought. Persky's short sentence -- along with his statement that \"a prison sentence would have a severe impact on [Turner]. I think he will not be a danger to others,\" and the victim's \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeed.com/katiejmbaker/heres-the-powerful-letter-the-stanford-victim-read-to-her-ra?utm_term=.mtVlb92jw#.gmgroaGqA\" target=\"_blank\">powerful letter\u003c/a> to her attacker -- fueled \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/06/481010919/california-rape-case-sentence-sparks-outrage\" target=\"_blank\">a nationwide debate\u003c/a> on how sexual assaults are handled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turner was \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/02/brock-turner-released-from-jail-after-three-months/\" target=\"_blank\">released after serving three months\u003c/a> of his term in a county jail. Last week a panel \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/19/panel-finds-no-grounds-to-punish-judge-in-brock-turner-sex-assault-case/\" target=\"_blank\">found no grounds\u003c/a> to punish Persky for the sentence.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Deal Or Disrupt? Congressional Democrats Weigh 2017 Choices",
"title": "Deal Or Disrupt? Congressional Democrats Weigh 2017 Choices",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Democrats may have lost the House and the Senate over the past eight years, but they always had one thing: President Barack Obama — and his veto pen — in the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't be the case next year, when Republicans find themselves with all the power in Washington for the first time since 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The capital's new power dynamic — and the aggressive agenda Republican leaders are laying out for 2017— are forcing Democrats to make some tough strategic choices about how they'll work as a minority party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The starting point in the conversation Democrats are having with themselves right now is this: Republicans in Congress spent almost all of the past eight years opposing President Obama, and they seem to have reaped a lot of political rewards for the block opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP leaders will get to set the agenda in Congress next year. And among their first orders of business will be voting on a Supreme Court nominee picked by President Donald Trump. That's after Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell rejected any hearings, let alone votes, for Obama's pick, Merrick Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi is quick and careful to reject an approach of wholesale opposition, though. She recently described Democrats' approach as \"always trying to find a place where we can find a common goal. Giving [Republicans] credit, or saving face, whatever it happens to be.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would be hopeful that there are some places that we can work together,\" Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Pelosi and other Democrats talk about working with Trump, that common goal is conditional. They say Trump would have to be willing to do things \u003cem>they\u003c/em> care about — like, perhaps, following through on a promise to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on infrastructure projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think it should be large. He's mentioned a trillion dollars. I told him that sounds good to me,\" incoming Senate Minority Leader \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/schumer-trumps-trillion-dollar-infrastructure-plan-sounds-good/story?id=44311598\">Chuck Schumer recently told ABC News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Highlighting differences\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But otherwise, Democrats are confident that drawing out their differences with the new president will be a winning strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our big leverage is the public,\" Pelosi said, expressing confidence that public opinion sides with Democrats when it comes to issues like not making major changes to Medicare and Social Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats are eager to draw the contrast on those sorts of topics, and see those particular wedge issues as a big reason why they won back the House and Senate in 2006, the last time Republicans held so much power in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, while Republicans like McConnell and House Speaker Paul Ryan are focusing on repealing Obamacare, Pelosi, Schumer and other Democrats keep talking about the possibility of wholesale Medicare changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Republicans here in Washington are gearing up for a war on seniors,\" Schumer warned at a recent Washington press conference with a \"hands off our Medicare\" message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer said Senate Democrats will give \"one heck of a hearing\" to Rep. Tom Price, Trump's pick for the Department of Health and Human Services and a longtime Medicare critic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats think they can generate a lot of positive headlines by grilling Trump's Cabinet picks. \"These are, with a few exceptions, radical nominees, the likes of which we have never seen in this country,\" said Sen. Chris Murphy of Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats see hearings as a way to continue emphasizing their key concerns about Trump, like the fact he never released his tax returns, and the ongoing question of how he'll avoid conflict-of-interest problems as president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They see Secretary of State nominee Rex Tillerson's hearing as an avenue to highlight Russia's attempt to disrupt the presidential race, and Trump's warm words toward Russian President Vladimir Putin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A big choice on Obamacare\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But highlighting contrasts can go only so far, when Republicans set the congressional agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point, Democrats still face a choice. Do they do their best to block every single big initiative, or try to work with Republicans to make it more Democrat-friendly?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Binder studies Congress at the Brookings Institution, and said Democrats do have leverage. \"On most measures, whether it's spending bills, deregulation, repeal Dodd-Frank. That all requires cooperation from at least eight Democrats.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because while Republicans will control the Senate with 52 seats, they'll need at least 60 votes to advance bills in the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardest political calculus could be Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans can repeal the landmark law without any Democratic votes, using the budget reconciliation process that helped pass the initial law. But they'd need Democratic support in the Senate to pass a replacement plan, since the measure would be subject to filibuster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blocking any sort of replacement plan, and then trying to lay the blame for disappearing health care coverage on Trump and Republicans, would be a bold, if callous, political move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are they kind of, as a party, constitutionally adverse to that type of strategy? Many people think so,\" said Binder. \"That they just value government and legislative action too much to do that to the process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, many Democrats might want to work with Republicans to keep as much of Obamacare as they can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But helping give Trump a big legislative accomplishment could make him more popular. And it could anger progressive activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is the responsibility of this minority of Democrats in Congress to block, obstruct, disrupt and do whatever they can,\" filmmaker Michael Moore recently argued on CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He issued a warning to Democrats who may consider cutting deals with Trump: \"In the same way that the Tea Party was there in 2009, myself and thousands like me are going to be at those town halls in the district in the spring. And we will primary these Democrats if they don't do their job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnings like that may be why leaders like Schumer are quick to qualify any talk about working with Trump on issues like infrastructure spending. \"When we oppose Trump on values, or if his presidency takes a dark, divisive turn, we're going to do it tooth-and-nail,\" he told ABC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi knows Democrats all across the country are anxious. But she's urging patience as the party tries to make its case to voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Somebody used the analogy of, it's like telling somebody they married the wrong person or their art is fake,\" she recently told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first scenario is something many people have seen happen to a friend or family member. The second? Maybe not as much. Still, Pelosi's point was that American voters did choose Trump and the GOP this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They bought it. They'll find out sooner or later whether they made a mistake,\" she said, arguing that it's better to let the married couple or art connoisseur make that discovery themselves, than to be told by an outside party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has seen voters reject Democrats, come back to the party, and then reject them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she is patient enough to point out the key differences between the parties, and wait for voters to eventually come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"description": "Democrats in Washington will be at their weakest point in more than a decade next year. The minority party is weighing whether to cut deals with Donald Trump or try to block his agenda.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Democrats may have lost the House and the Senate over the past eight years, but they always had one thing: President Barack Obama — and his veto pen — in the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't be the case next year, when Republicans find themselves with all the power in Washington for the first time since 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The capital's new power dynamic — and the aggressive agenda Republican leaders are laying out for 2017— are forcing Democrats to make some tough strategic choices about how they'll work as a minority party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The starting point in the conversation Democrats are having with themselves right now is this: Republicans in Congress spent almost all of the past eight years opposing President Obama, and they seem to have reaped a lot of political rewards for the block opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP leaders will get to set the agenda in Congress next year. And among their first orders of business will be voting on a Supreme Court nominee picked by President Donald Trump. That's after Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell rejected any hearings, let alone votes, for Obama's pick, Merrick Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi is quick and careful to reject an approach of wholesale opposition, though. She recently described Democrats' approach as \"always trying to find a place where we can find a common goal. Giving [Republicans] credit, or saving face, whatever it happens to be.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would be hopeful that there are some places that we can work together,\" Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Pelosi and other Democrats talk about working with Trump, that common goal is conditional. They say Trump would have to be willing to do things \u003cem>they\u003c/em> care about — like, perhaps, following through on a promise to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on infrastructure projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think it should be large. He's mentioned a trillion dollars. I told him that sounds good to me,\" incoming Senate Minority Leader \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/schumer-trumps-trillion-dollar-infrastructure-plan-sounds-good/story?id=44311598\">Chuck Schumer recently told ABC News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Highlighting differences\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But otherwise, Democrats are confident that drawing out their differences with the new president will be a winning strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our big leverage is the public,\" Pelosi said, expressing confidence that public opinion sides with Democrats when it comes to issues like not making major changes to Medicare and Social Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats are eager to draw the contrast on those sorts of topics, and see those particular wedge issues as a big reason why they won back the House and Senate in 2006, the last time Republicans held so much power in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, while Republicans like McConnell and House Speaker Paul Ryan are focusing on repealing Obamacare, Pelosi, Schumer and other Democrats keep talking about the possibility of wholesale Medicare changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Republicans here in Washington are gearing up for a war on seniors,\" Schumer warned at a recent Washington press conference with a \"hands off our Medicare\" message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schumer said Senate Democrats will give \"one heck of a hearing\" to Rep. Tom Price, Trump's pick for the Department of Health and Human Services and a longtime Medicare critic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats think they can generate a lot of positive headlines by grilling Trump's Cabinet picks. \"These are, with a few exceptions, radical nominees, the likes of which we have never seen in this country,\" said Sen. Chris Murphy of Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats see hearings as a way to continue emphasizing their key concerns about Trump, like the fact he never released his tax returns, and the ongoing question of how he'll avoid conflict-of-interest problems as president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They see Secretary of State nominee Rex Tillerson's hearing as an avenue to highlight Russia's attempt to disrupt the presidential race, and Trump's warm words toward Russian President Vladimir Putin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A big choice on Obamacare\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But highlighting contrasts can go only so far, when Republicans set the congressional agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point, Democrats still face a choice. Do they do their best to block every single big initiative, or try to work with Republicans to make it more Democrat-friendly?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Binder studies Congress at the Brookings Institution, and said Democrats do have leverage. \"On most measures, whether it's spending bills, deregulation, repeal Dodd-Frank. That all requires cooperation from at least eight Democrats.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because while Republicans will control the Senate with 52 seats, they'll need at least 60 votes to advance bills in the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardest political calculus could be Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans can repeal the landmark law without any Democratic votes, using the budget reconciliation process that helped pass the initial law. But they'd need Democratic support in the Senate to pass a replacement plan, since the measure would be subject to filibuster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blocking any sort of replacement plan, and then trying to lay the blame for disappearing health care coverage on Trump and Republicans, would be a bold, if callous, political move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are they kind of, as a party, constitutionally adverse to that type of strategy? Many people think so,\" said Binder. \"That they just value government and legislative action too much to do that to the process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, many Democrats might want to work with Republicans to keep as much of Obamacare as they can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But helping give Trump a big legislative accomplishment could make him more popular. And it could anger progressive activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is the responsibility of this minority of Democrats in Congress to block, obstruct, disrupt and do whatever they can,\" filmmaker Michael Moore recently argued on CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He issued a warning to Democrats who may consider cutting deals with Trump: \"In the same way that the Tea Party was there in 2009, myself and thousands like me are going to be at those town halls in the district in the spring. And we will primary these Democrats if they don't do their job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnings like that may be why leaders like Schumer are quick to qualify any talk about working with Trump on issues like infrastructure spending. \"When we oppose Trump on values, or if his presidency takes a dark, divisive turn, we're going to do it tooth-and-nail,\" he told ABC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi knows Democrats all across the country are anxious. But she's urging patience as the party tries to make its case to voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Somebody used the analogy of, it's like telling somebody they married the wrong person or their art is fake,\" she recently told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first scenario is something many people have seen happen to a friend or family member. The second? Maybe not as much. Still, Pelosi's point was that American voters did choose Trump and the GOP this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They bought it. They'll find out sooner or later whether they made a mistake,\" she said, arguing that it's better to let the married couple or art connoisseur make that discovery themselves, than to be told by an outside party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has seen voters reject Democrats, come back to the party, and then reject them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she is patient enough to point out the key differences between the parties, and wait for voters to eventually come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Should We All Just Stop Calling 2016 'The Worst'?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Oh, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The year it all went to hell. The year nothing made sense. The year we lost track of reality. The year Merriam-Webster made \"surreal\" its \u003ca href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/woty2016-top-looked-up-words-surreal\">word of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, 2016 hasn't just been awful and strange; it's become its own Debbie-Downer catchphrase. 2016 itself has \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2016/12/14/_2016_s_word_of_the_year_isn_t_a_word_it_s_a_number.html\">become its own meme\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where were you when you decided this would be how we remembered the year? When you decided 2016 was pure trash, utter filth, \u003ca href=\"http://www.startribune.com/dear-2016-i-made-you-this-ornament-it-s-a-dumpster-fire/402757886/\">a fire in a dumpster\u003c/a>? Was it when David Bowie died? Or when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15394157\">Prince\u003c/a> ended his purple reign? Or when you realized that, whoever won, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/170418202/2016-presidential-election\">Election 2016\u003c/a> was going to be a hot, smoldering mess? Was it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/477687016/brexit\">Brexit\u003c/a>? Was it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/480286836/harambe\">Harambe\u003c/a>? Which terror attack did it for you? Or maybe it was when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/06/496864737/a-u-s-senate-candidate-just-dabbed-at-the-end-of-a-debate\" target=\"_blank\">Loretta Sanchez did the dab\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However you got here, citizen of the internet, rest assured, you are not alone. (I am with you. I've been calling 2016 the worst for months now.) And as this year comes to a close, many are memorializing it online by pointing out how much it sucked, how much it aged them, how much they regret it. All of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But — and this is the strange part — by many measures, 2016 wasn't nearly as bad as certain portions of the internet have made it out to be. And it surely can't be the worst year \u003cem>of all time\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the nearly 63 million voters who supported Donald Trump, maybe this \u003cem>wasn't \u003c/em>a bad year at all; their candidate won. For millions of Americans whose wages went up, or who re-entered the economy (the U.S. has enjoyed an unemployment rate under 5 percent for months), maybe their year was good, too. The vast majority of Americans lived lives free from any direct personal effects from incidences of global (or even national) terror, or wars throughout the globe (not to minimize global unrest, which is a constant, and particularly troubling this year). Multiple measures of consumer confidence, in fact, trended up this year, in spite of months full of headlines indicating a world on the brink. Of something. Or a lot of things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The markets are up, too. And more people have health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why then, is 2016 the worst?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, let's start with the obvious: the election. There's no need to recount it all. But it was a hot mess. Russian hacks, assertions of the size of one's manhood on a debate stage. Leaks showing national parties seeming to conspire to elect a favored candidate. FBI investigations and \u003cem>Access Hollywood\u003c/em> videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course, foreign affairs. With Syria as the central flashpoint, it'd be easy to see 2016 as the year the whole world caught on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than that. Some of the \"2016 is awful\" rhetoric might be about the way we all \u003cem>consumed \u003c/em>the headlines this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Mitchell, director of Journalism Research at the Pew Research Center, says what we've been witnessing in news consumption trends over the last few years has changed us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the shift to digital is presenting a news experience that is more mixed in with other kinds of activities,\" she says. \"You don't necessarily go online looking for news each and every time. Somebody shares it, somebody emails it to you, somebody texts a link. And so many Americans are bumping into the news throughout the course of the day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nikki Usher, a professor of media and public affairs at George Washington University, calls this recent phenomenon \"ambient journalism,\" or \"when you're constantly plugged in through social media and you're constantly online and engaged in some way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that — that constant bumping into news and online discord, that constant engagement — over time, it becomes an \u003cem>assault. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every five minutes, another sad headline, another Twitter mention or fight, another shared link on Facebook, another push notification. Another hit. And even if the news isn't even explicitly about us, trust, we're still taking a hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/dumpster-fire-WEB.gif\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/dumpster-fire-WEB.gif\" alt=\"dumpster-fire-web\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Usher says, besides that aggression of immediacy, a lot of the headlines we consumed this year, particularly about the election, pushed a certain narrative: a nation, and even a world, completely and disastrously divided, perhaps beyond repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lots of crappy, bad things happen every year,\" she says, \"but you aren't told over and over again that this just shows us how bad everything is.\" And for Usher, there's no escape. \"Usually there are realms where there are types of coverage that provide a break in the kind of narrative of disrepair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this year. The NFL was overtaken with silent, peaceful protest. Your favorite pop star probably endorsed a presidential candidate in 2016. Even the highest-grossing film of the year, \u003cem>Captain America: Civil War\u003c/em>, was a commentary on the modern national security state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But culture always reflects the time. There must be something deeper, a certain logic or pathology that would lead thousands to deem this year so awful, and to declare as much, so publicly, and consistently, online, for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the medium. Robert Hernandez, professor of journalism at the University of Southern California, says using social media to declare 2016 \"the worst ever\" is the latest example of how we use the internet: ironically, with hyperbole, and usually, with a wink and a nod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is the latest meme of the day,\" Hernandez says. \"It's the next flavor of hashtag Thanks Obama. 'Oh, I just dropped my coffee. Thanks Obama!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's how we cope,\" says Hernandez, even as he acknowledges the very act of such tweeting indicates a certain level of privilege. \"If you're on Twitter, you're on a mobile device, probably one of the newest ones, one of the new phones. [And] you're one of the few people on Twitter [relatively].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's right. For most of us, myself included, tweeting that 2016 is the worst, or even tweeting at all, is an exercise in privilege. The air in which one offers cultural criticism (including this very essay), memes and gif-able 140-character bursts, is rarefied. If your year was really the worst, you probably wouldn't be tweeting about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We weren't in this spot a few years ago — this collective, ironic, gripe-fest — during those glory days of tweeting about being bored in meetings or what you had for lunch, or being so numbingly comfortable in your own world that you put your home address on Facebook. That seems to be all over now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it's all irony, or sarcasm, or bombast. Saying 2016 is the worst online might just be us accepting that social media caught up with the lesser angels of our nature. Social media isn't nice anymore. At it's best, it's just a little flip. Now our feeds are just a record of discontent, or the performance thereof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, 2016. Sure. Let's call it the worst. But let's also acknowledge that saying 2016 is the worst on Twitter says more about the tweeter, and the medium, than perhaps about the year itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oh, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The year it all went to hell. The year nothing made sense. The year we lost track of reality. The year Merriam-Webster made \"surreal\" its \u003ca href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/woty2016-top-looked-up-words-surreal\">word of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, 2016 hasn't just been awful and strange; it's become its own Debbie-Downer catchphrase. 2016 itself has \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2016/12/14/_2016_s_word_of_the_year_isn_t_a_word_it_s_a_number.html\">become its own meme\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where were you when you decided this would be how we remembered the year? When you decided 2016 was pure trash, utter filth, \u003ca href=\"http://www.startribune.com/dear-2016-i-made-you-this-ornament-it-s-a-dumpster-fire/402757886/\">a fire in a dumpster\u003c/a>? Was it when David Bowie died? Or when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15394157\">Prince\u003c/a> ended his purple reign? Or when you realized that, whoever won, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/170418202/2016-presidential-election\">Election 2016\u003c/a> was going to be a hot, smoldering mess? Was it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/477687016/brexit\">Brexit\u003c/a>? Was it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/tags/480286836/harambe\">Harambe\u003c/a>? Which terror attack did it for you? Or maybe it was when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/06/496864737/a-u-s-senate-candidate-just-dabbed-at-the-end-of-a-debate\" target=\"_blank\">Loretta Sanchez did the dab\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However you got here, citizen of the internet, rest assured, you are not alone. (I am with you. I've been calling 2016 the worst for months now.) And as this year comes to a close, many are memorializing it online by pointing out how much it sucked, how much it aged them, how much they regret it. All of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But — and this is the strange part — by many measures, 2016 wasn't nearly as bad as certain portions of the internet have made it out to be. And it surely can't be the worst year \u003cem>of all time\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the nearly 63 million voters who supported Donald Trump, maybe this \u003cem>wasn't \u003c/em>a bad year at all; their candidate won. For millions of Americans whose wages went up, or who re-entered the economy (the U.S. has enjoyed an unemployment rate under 5 percent for months), maybe their year was good, too. The vast majority of Americans lived lives free from any direct personal effects from incidences of global (or even national) terror, or wars throughout the globe (not to minimize global unrest, which is a constant, and particularly troubling this year). Multiple measures of consumer confidence, in fact, trended up this year, in spite of months full of headlines indicating a world on the brink. Of something. Or a lot of things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The markets are up, too. And more people have health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why then, is 2016 the worst?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, let's start with the obvious: the election. There's no need to recount it all. But it was a hot mess. Russian hacks, assertions of the size of one's manhood on a debate stage. Leaks showing national parties seeming to conspire to elect a favored candidate. FBI investigations and \u003cem>Access Hollywood\u003c/em> videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course, foreign affairs. With Syria as the central flashpoint, it'd be easy to see 2016 as the year the whole world caught on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than that. Some of the \"2016 is awful\" rhetoric might be about the way we all \u003cem>consumed \u003c/em>the headlines this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Mitchell, director of Journalism Research at the Pew Research Center, says what we've been witnessing in news consumption trends over the last few years has changed us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the shift to digital is presenting a news experience that is more mixed in with other kinds of activities,\" she says. \"You don't necessarily go online looking for news each and every time. Somebody shares it, somebody emails it to you, somebody texts a link. And so many Americans are bumping into the news throughout the course of the day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nikki Usher, a professor of media and public affairs at George Washington University, calls this recent phenomenon \"ambient journalism,\" or \"when you're constantly plugged in through social media and you're constantly online and engaged in some way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that — that constant bumping into news and online discord, that constant engagement — over time, it becomes an \u003cem>assault. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every five minutes, another sad headline, another Twitter mention or fight, another shared link on Facebook, another push notification. Another hit. And even if the news isn't even explicitly about us, trust, we're still taking a hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/dumpster-fire-WEB.gif\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/dumpster-fire-WEB.gif\" alt=\"dumpster-fire-web\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Usher says, besides that aggression of immediacy, a lot of the headlines we consumed this year, particularly about the election, pushed a certain narrative: a nation, and even a world, completely and disastrously divided, perhaps beyond repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lots of crappy, bad things happen every year,\" she says, \"but you aren't told over and over again that this just shows us how bad everything is.\" And for Usher, there's no escape. \"Usually there are realms where there are types of coverage that provide a break in the kind of narrative of disrepair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this year. The NFL was overtaken with silent, peaceful protest. Your favorite pop star probably endorsed a presidential candidate in 2016. Even the highest-grossing film of the year, \u003cem>Captain America: Civil War\u003c/em>, was a commentary on the modern national security state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But culture always reflects the time. There must be something deeper, a certain logic or pathology that would lead thousands to deem this year so awful, and to declare as much, so publicly, and consistently, online, for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the medium. Robert Hernandez, professor of journalism at the University of Southern California, says using social media to declare 2016 \"the worst ever\" is the latest example of how we use the internet: ironically, with hyperbole, and usually, with a wink and a nod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is the latest meme of the day,\" Hernandez says. \"It's the next flavor of hashtag Thanks Obama. 'Oh, I just dropped my coffee. Thanks Obama!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's how we cope,\" says Hernandez, even as he acknowledges the very act of such tweeting indicates a certain level of privilege. \"If you're on Twitter, you're on a mobile device, probably one of the newest ones, one of the new phones. [And] you're one of the few people on Twitter [relatively].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's right. For most of us, myself included, tweeting that 2016 is the worst, or even tweeting at all, is an exercise in privilege. The air in which one offers cultural criticism (including this very essay), memes and gif-able 140-character bursts, is rarefied. If your year was really the worst, you probably wouldn't be tweeting about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We weren't in this spot a few years ago — this collective, ironic, gripe-fest — during those glory days of tweeting about being bored in meetings or what you had for lunch, or being so numbingly comfortable in your own world that you put your home address on Facebook. That seems to be all over now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it's all irony, or sarcasm, or bombast. Saying 2016 is the worst online might just be us accepting that social media caught up with the lesser angels of our nature. Social media isn't nice anymore. At it's best, it's just a little flip. Now our feeds are just a record of discontent, or the performance thereof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, 2016. Sure. Let's call it the worst. But let's also acknowledge that saying 2016 is the worst on Twitter says more about the tweeter, and the medium, than perhaps about the year itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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