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But employees were told it would cut into Facebook revenues. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5694580-Exhibit-K.html#document/p2/a477366\">one document\u003c/a>, Facebook told developers not to avoid what it called \"friendly fraud.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Steyer, CEO of Common Sense Media, says the unsealed documents show \"the attitude of the company and the culture that underlay these decisions and the deceptive practices. So that alone speaks volumes and says we need to crack down on this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense Media, the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood and the Center for Digital Democracy are among the groups asking the FTC to investigate Facebook. An FTC spokeswoman said the agency received the groups' request but had no additional comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR on Thursday, a Facebook spokesperson said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We want people to have safe and enjoyable gaming experiences on Facebook, so providing resources to seek refunds for unauthorized purchases made in games is an important part of the platform. We have in place mechanisms to prevent fraud at the time of purchase and we offer people the option to dispute purchases and seek refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As part of our long history of working with parents and experts to offer tools for families navigating Facebook and the web, Facebook also has safeguards in place regarding minors' purchases. In 2016, we updated our terms and now provide dedicated resources for refund requests related to purchases made by minors on Facebook, including special training for our reviewers.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/candce/5:2012cv01894/254070/159/\">In the 2016 settlement\u003c/a>, Facebook agreed to make certain changes to its practices. For example, it had to inform app developers that any purchases made by minors could be voided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Steyer of Common Sense Media says the settlement isn't sufficient. \"At least it brought to light some of the unfair and deceptive practices and the privacy violations. But it didn't really protect all children and families and consumers in this country, which is the job of the FTC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook isn't the only tech company to engage in this kind of conduct. Apple, Google and Amazon have been accused of similar behavior. Settlement agreements with the FTC required those companies to modify their billing practices to ensure express consent from parents for in-app purchases. The settlements also required tens of millions in refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Advocates+Ask+FTC+%27To+Hold+Facebook+Accountable%27+For+In-Game+Purchases+By+Kids&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 2011, Glynnis Bohannon gave her 12-year-old son permission to charge $20 on her credit card to play a game on Facebook called Ninja Saga. Neither of them saw any signs that the credit card information had been stored and was racking up charges as her son played and made additional in-game purchases. Bohannon says her son didn't realize it would end up costing nearly $1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bohannon was the main plaintiff in a \u003ca href=\"http://ia800303.us.archive.org/1/items/gov.uscourts.cand.254070/gov.uscourts.cand.254070.1.7.pdf\">2012 class-action lawsuit\u003c/a> that Facebook settled in 2016. The suit was brought on behalf of parents whose minor children unknowingly made purchases on their parents' credit cards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, more than a dozen groups that advocate for children's rights and privacy rights said they're asking the Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether Facebook has engaged in illegal, unfair or deceptive practices by enticing children to spend money on in-game purchases without their parents' consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook's scamming of children is not only unethical and reprehensible — it's likely a violation of consumer protection laws,\" said Josh Golin, executive director of Campaign for Commercial-Free Childhood. \"Time and time again, we see that Facebook plays by its own rules regardless of the cost to children, families and society. We urge the FTC to hold Facebook accountable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request for an FTC investigation comes after a court granted a request by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/facebook-knowingly-duped-game-playing-kids-and-their-parents-out-of-money/\">Center For Investigative Reporting \u003c/a>to unseal documents from the 2012 class-action suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another document, cited in a release by the advocacy groups, Facebook employees called an underage girl a \"whale\" — a term used by casinos to refer to someone who spends a lot of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents also say Facebook made it challenging to find out how to report what happened and often would not reimburse parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the revelations from the unsealed documents is that Facebook employees did come up with ways to prevent children from unwittingly stacking up charges on their parents' credit cards. But employees were told it would cut into Facebook revenues. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5694580-Exhibit-K.html#document/p2/a477366\">one document\u003c/a>, Facebook told developers not to avoid what it called \"friendly fraud.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Steyer, CEO of Common Sense Media, says the unsealed documents show \"the attitude of the company and the culture that underlay these decisions and the deceptive practices. So that alone speaks volumes and says we need to crack down on this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense Media, the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood and the Center for Digital Democracy are among the groups asking the FTC to investigate Facebook. An FTC spokeswoman said the agency received the groups' request but had no additional comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR on Thursday, a Facebook spokesperson said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We want people to have safe and enjoyable gaming experiences on Facebook, so providing resources to seek refunds for unauthorized purchases made in games is an important part of the platform. We have in place mechanisms to prevent fraud at the time of purchase and we offer people the option to dispute purchases and seek refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As part of our long history of working with parents and experts to offer tools for families navigating Facebook and the web, Facebook also has safeguards in place regarding minors' purchases. In 2016, we updated our terms and now provide dedicated resources for refund requests related to purchases made by minors on Facebook, including special training for our reviewers.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/candce/5:2012cv01894/254070/159/\">In the 2016 settlement\u003c/a>, Facebook agreed to make certain changes to its practices. For example, it had to inform app developers that any purchases made by minors could be voided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Steyer of Common Sense Media says the settlement isn't sufficient. \"At least it brought to light some of the unfair and deceptive practices and the privacy violations. But it didn't really protect all children and families and consumers in this country, which is the job of the FTC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook isn't the only tech company to engage in this kind of conduct. Apple, Google and Amazon have been accused of similar behavior. Settlement agreements with the FTC required those companies to modify their billing practices to ensure express consent from parents for in-app purchases. The settlements also required tens of millions in refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Advocates+Ask+FTC+%27To+Hold+Facebook+Accountable%27+For+In-Game+Purchases+By+Kids&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new report from British lawmakers on how social media is used to spread disinformation finds that Facebook and other big tech companies are failing their users and dodging accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guiding principle of the ‘move fast and break things’ culture often seems to be that it is better to apologise than ask permission,” said Damian Collins, chair of the Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee that drafted the report. “We need a radical shift in the balance of power between the platforms and the people. The age of inadequate self regulation must come to an end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmcumeds/1791/179102.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 108-page report\u003c/a> is often scathing on Facebook’s practices and corporate conduct. The committee’s inquiry into disinformation began in September 2017, as revelations emerged that Facebook had been used to spread disinformation during the U.S. presidential election and the U.K. Brexit referendum vote, both in 2016. In March 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/27/597279596/they-don-t-care-whistleblower-says-cambridge-analytica-seeks-to-undermine-democr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Cambridge Analytica scandal\u003c/a> broke, and showed how users’ data could be harvested and misappropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713801/facebooks-terrible-horrible-no-good-very-bad-year\">Facebook’s Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Year\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713801/facebooks-terrible-horrible-no-good-very-bad-year\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS2408_facebook20120516-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Companies like Facebook should not be allowed to behave like ‘digital gangsters’ in the online world, considering themselves to be ahead of and beyond the law,” the authors write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media companies have been able to evade responsibility by claiming to be merely “platforms,” the committee notes. They recommend the formulation of a new category of tech company — neither exactly a “platform” or “publisher” — that clarifies companies’ liability for harmful content posted by users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee is particularly irritated by Mark Zuckerberg’s refusal to appear before Parliament. “Facebook seems willing neither to be regulated nor scrutinized,” it notes. “By choosing not to appear before the Committee and by choosing not to respond personally to any of our invitations, Mark Zuckerberg has shown contempt” toward Parliament and an international committee of legislators, they write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greater government oversight\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its interim report, the lawmakers called for the U.K.’s \u003ca href=\"https://ico.org.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Information Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> to be an effective “sheriff in the Wild West of the Internet.” The authors add that the ICO “needs to have the same if not more technical expert knowledge as those organisations under scrutiny,” and that a levy on tech companies in the U.K. be used to pay for its work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the report’s recommendations take aim at tech companies’ most tightly held information. It suggests that an independent regulator have the power to obtain any information from social media companies that are relevant to its inquiries, including what data are held on an individual user, if the user requests it. The regulator “should also have access to tech companies’ security mechanisms and algorithms, to ensure they are operating responsibly.” This public body, it says, should be able to be take complaints from the public about social media companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also recommends an investigation into whether Facebook has engaged in anti-competitive practices, “to decide whether Facebook is unfairly using its dominant market position in social media to decide which businesses should succeed or fail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facebook “open to meaningful regulation”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Facebook says it “share[s] the Committee’s concerns about false news and election integrity and are pleased to have made a significant contribution to their investigation,” but it does not directly deny its findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are open to meaningful regulation and support the committee’s recommendation for electoral law reform,” Karim Palant, Facebook’s U.K. public policy manager, says in the statement. “No other channel for political advertising is as transparent and offers the tools that we do. We also support effective privacy legislation that holds companies to high standards in their use of data and transparency for users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714976/facebook-memories-for-2018\">Mark Fiore: Facebook Memories for 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714976/facebook-memories-for-2018\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/memories_122818_final-1020x705.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“While we still have more to do, we are not the same company we were a year ago,” Palant says, pointing to the company’s tripling the size of the team of people whose job it is to “detect and protect users from bad content.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the committee’s report focuses on social media companies and how to more effectively regulate them, its last recommendation speaks to the social media platforms’ users, too, as it calls for “more pause for thought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More obstacles or ‘friction’ should be both incorporated into social media platforms and into users’ own activities—to give people time to consider what they are writing and sharing,” they write. “Techniques for slowing down interaction online should be taught, so that people themselves question both what they write and what they read—and that they pause and think further, before they make a judgement online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new report from British lawmakers on how social media is used to spread disinformation finds that Facebook and other big tech companies are failing their users and dodging accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guiding principle of the ‘move fast and break things’ culture often seems to be that it is better to apologise than ask permission,” said Damian Collins, chair of the Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee that drafted the report. “We need a radical shift in the balance of power between the platforms and the people. The age of inadequate self regulation must come to an end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmcumeds/1791/179102.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 108-page report\u003c/a> is often scathing on Facebook’s practices and corporate conduct. The committee’s inquiry into disinformation began in September 2017, as revelations emerged that Facebook had been used to spread disinformation during the U.S. presidential election and the U.K. Brexit referendum vote, both in 2016. In March 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/27/597279596/they-don-t-care-whistleblower-says-cambridge-analytica-seeks-to-undermine-democr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Cambridge Analytica scandal\u003c/a> broke, and showed how users’ data could be harvested and misappropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713801/facebooks-terrible-horrible-no-good-very-bad-year\">Facebook’s Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Year\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713801/facebooks-terrible-horrible-no-good-very-bad-year\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS2408_facebook20120516-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Companies like Facebook should not be allowed to behave like ‘digital gangsters’ in the online world, considering themselves to be ahead of and beyond the law,” the authors write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media companies have been able to evade responsibility by claiming to be merely “platforms,” the committee notes. They recommend the formulation of a new category of tech company — neither exactly a “platform” or “publisher” — that clarifies companies’ liability for harmful content posted by users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee is particularly irritated by Mark Zuckerberg’s refusal to appear before Parliament. “Facebook seems willing neither to be regulated nor scrutinized,” it notes. “By choosing not to appear before the Committee and by choosing not to respond personally to any of our invitations, Mark Zuckerberg has shown contempt” toward Parliament and an international committee of legislators, they write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greater government oversight\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its interim report, the lawmakers called for the U.K.’s \u003ca href=\"https://ico.org.uk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Information Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> to be an effective “sheriff in the Wild West of the Internet.” The authors add that the ICO “needs to have the same if not more technical expert knowledge as those organisations under scrutiny,” and that a levy on tech companies in the U.K. be used to pay for its work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the report’s recommendations take aim at tech companies’ most tightly held information. It suggests that an independent regulator have the power to obtain any information from social media companies that are relevant to its inquiries, including what data are held on an individual user, if the user requests it. The regulator “should also have access to tech companies’ security mechanisms and algorithms, to ensure they are operating responsibly.” This public body, it says, should be able to be take complaints from the public about social media companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also recommends an investigation into whether Facebook has engaged in anti-competitive practices, “to decide whether Facebook is unfairly using its dominant market position in social media to decide which businesses should succeed or fail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facebook “open to meaningful regulation”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Facebook says it “share[s] the Committee’s concerns about false news and election integrity and are pleased to have made a significant contribution to their investigation,” but it does not directly deny its findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are open to meaningful regulation and support the committee’s recommendation for electoral law reform,” Karim Palant, Facebook’s U.K. public policy manager, says in the statement. “No other channel for political advertising is as transparent and offers the tools that we do. We also support effective privacy legislation that holds companies to high standards in their use of data and transparency for users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714976/facebook-memories-for-2018\">Mark Fiore: Facebook Memories for 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714976/facebook-memories-for-2018\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/memories_122818_final-1020x705.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“While we still have more to do, we are not the same company we were a year ago,” Palant says, pointing to the company’s tripling the size of the team of people whose job it is to “detect and protect users from bad content.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the committee’s report focuses on social media companies and how to more effectively regulate them, its last recommendation speaks to the social media platforms’ users, too, as it calls for “more pause for thought.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More obstacles or ‘friction’ should be both incorporated into social media platforms and into users’ own activities—to give people time to consider what they are writing and sharing,” they write. “Techniques for slowing down interaction online should be taught, so that people themselves question both what they write and what they read—and that they pause and think further, before they make a judgement online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Silicon Valley is booming, and with it comes new real estate development, higher salaries and more traffic, according to a new survey released on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this year’s economic survey from \u003ca href=\"https://jointventure.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/a>, commute times have increased by more than 20 percent over the past 10 years, adding an additional 43 hours of driving time per commuter annually. The report was released at the nonprofit’s annual State of the Valley event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s rolling now to a crescendo,” said Russell Hancock, CEO and President of Joint Venture. “Cities are also realizing that when they have employers in their boundaries it creates externalities, and one of those is traffic jams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also finds the cost of housing plays into the traffic problem. Over the past two years, the median home price has increased by $300,000, bringing it to $1.2 million last year. Compare that to $221,000 — the median price in the U.S. overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of homes on the market has also decreased significantly. In 2018, there were half as many home sales as there were in 2004.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The inventory is at historic lows, people are actually holding on to their houses” instead of downsizing in retirement, Hancock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This adds up to more local employees — 95,000 in 2017 — who are forced to live so far away from their jobs that they end up commuting more than three hours a day. Caltrain ridership has reached an all-time high, but not everybody lives along the rail lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of transportation needs in Silicon Valley rose by 4 percent over the past four years, after adjusting for inflation. This compares to a decrease in the cost of transportation needs of 12 percent statewide over the same period, according to the index.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if housing costs and traffic are driving tens of thousands of people to leave the region, the migration \u003ci>out\u003c/i> is almost exactly matched by the migration coming \u003ci>in\u003c/i>. Silicon Valley lost roughly 22,300 people last year but gained roughly 20,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, where congestion is \u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2019/2/13/18222225/los-angeles-traffic-worst-nation-hours\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">old news\u003c/a>, Mayor Eric Garcetti is overseeing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.lamayor.org/statement-mayor-garcetti-introduction-twenty-eight-28-initiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">major transit plan\u003c/a> to bring 100 miles of new rail line to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really looking at what we’re doing with a once, not just in a generation, but once in a century investment in transportation,” Gracetti said during his keynote at the State of the Valley event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the report isn’t all doom and gloom. While Silicon Valley faces major challenges, there are still enormous opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median household income here is higher than it has ever been. In 2017, it grew by 5 percent, bringing it to $118,400 annually. Unemployment is also fairly low, at 2.3 percent compared to 3.9 percent in California overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our success is greater than other parts of the country and our failures are greater than other parts of the country,” Garcetti said of Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unemployment for black or African-American residents has also decreased. It’s currently at 5 percent, which, though higher than the overall rate, is 7 percent lower than it was in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The inventory is at historic lows, people are actually holding on to their houses” instead of downsizing in retirement, Hancock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This adds up to more local employees — 95,000 in 2017 — who are forced to live so far away from their jobs that they end up commuting more than three hours a day. Caltrain ridership has reached an all-time high, but not everybody lives along the rail lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of transportation needs in Silicon Valley rose by 4 percent over the past four years, after adjusting for inflation. This compares to a decrease in the cost of transportation needs of 12 percent statewide over the same period, according to the index.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if housing costs and traffic are driving tens of thousands of people to leave the region, the migration \u003ci>out\u003c/i> is almost exactly matched by the migration coming \u003ci>in\u003c/i>. Silicon Valley lost roughly 22,300 people last year but gained roughly 20,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, where congestion is \u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2019/2/13/18222225/los-angeles-traffic-worst-nation-hours\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">old news\u003c/a>, Mayor Eric Garcetti is overseeing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.lamayor.org/statement-mayor-garcetti-introduction-twenty-eight-28-initiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">major transit plan\u003c/a> to bring 100 miles of new rail line to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really looking at what we’re doing with a once, not just in a generation, but once in a century investment in transportation,” Gracetti said during his keynote at the State of the Valley event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the report isn’t all doom and gloom. While Silicon Valley faces major challenges, there are still enormous opportunities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median household income here is higher than it has ever been. In 2017, it grew by 5 percent, bringing it to $118,400 annually. Unemployment is also fairly low, at 2.3 percent compared to 3.9 percent in California overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our success is greater than other parts of the country and our failures are greater than other parts of the country,” Garcetti said of Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unemployment for black or African-American residents has also decreased. It’s currently at 5 percent, which, though higher than the overall rate, is 7 percent lower than it was in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A mayor from a Bay Area city that tried to land big tech companies might be starting to look pretty smart after Amazon canceled its plans for a New York City headquarters. Activists and local politicians said New York had given up too much for too little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t have to be that way, according to San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo, who refused to offer Amazon and another tech giant, Google, any incentives to locate in his city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694740118/amazon-drops-plans-for-new-york-headquarters\">back out\u003c/a> of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713070/google-commences-1b-expansion-in-new-york-city\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York City plan\u003c/a> followed opposition from activists and local politicians over the hefty tax breaks and incentives the company would’ve gotten when it moved in.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you’re offering incentives, those are dollars you could use to be building out transit, to … supporting an ecosystem of talent development.’\u003ccite>San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As big tech companies expand nationwide, cities continue to grapple with how to make sure they are benefiting. San Jose is one example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, when Amazon was looking for a city \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/09/18/551773552/cities-try-convincing-amazon-they-re-ready-for-its-new-headquarters\">to house its second headquarters\u003c/a>, Liccardo threw San Jose’s hat in the ring. But unlike the various cities that promised generous tax incentives, San Jose offered Amazon no money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re offering incentives, those are dollars you could use to be building out transit, to … supporting an ecosystem of talent development,” Liccardo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Amazon ultimately picked New York for one of its new campuses, many activists said it made no sense for one of the world’s wealthiest companies to get gig tax breaks and other incentives. It caused such a local outrage, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694740118/amazon-drops-plans-for-new-york-headquarters\">Amazon announced it was pulling out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lesson for cities really ought to be, don’t take the bait. And don’t even offer the bait,” Liccardo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710256/the-google-land-rush\">The Google Land Rush\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710256/the-google-land-rush\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/welcometo_120518_final-1020x649.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Which is not to say he doesn’t want Big Tech headquartered in San Jose — Adobe, Cisco and eBay are based there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re the only major city in the United States that actually has a smaller daytime population than nighttime population,” Liccardo says. “And, as a result, our residents spend a lot of time commuting. We’re right up there with the worst cities in commutes and obviously it drives up the housing costs. And so we get the worst of both worlds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-800x1117.jpg\" alt=\"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1117\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11726713\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-800x1117.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-160x223.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-1020x1424.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-860x1200.jpg 860w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo. \u003ccite>(Tony Avelar/Invision/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says when he was approached by Google, which was interested in building a campus in San Jose, the company didn’t ask for incentives and his government didn’t offer any. Rather, the mayor says the city is requiring that 25 percent of the housing built around the campus be rent-restricted and affordable. Like most of the Bay Area, the cost of living in San Jose has skyrocketed, largely driven by the tech boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, which is headquartered nearby Mountain View, is projected to bring \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/11/28/google-village-could-bring-24000-jobs-to-downtown-san-jose-study/\">tens of thousands of jobs\u003c/a> to San Jose. And Liccardo says the company agreed to fees on development to help fund affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google is planning to develop as much as 8 million square feet in downtown San Jose. The city lacks the allure of San Francisco or neighboring Palo Alto, so it’s not hard to see why some are so excited to develop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plenty of locals and activists are not happy with Google moving in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Buchanan, the policy director at Working Partnerships USA, a community labor coalition, says that even if San Jose isn’t offering big tax breaks, that doesn’t mean Google’s move will be good for the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe we’re not offering billions in tax rebates,” he says. “But we’re offering really valuable public land in an area where prices are going through the roof. Google is just on the beneficial side of things going their way, without having to give anything back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many activists in the various cities where tech is expanding, Buchanan has questions about the details: How exactly is housing going to be kept affordable? And, of all those jobs coming to town, how many will go to locals?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723268/details-emerge-on-san-joses-100-million-pledge-to-build-more-affordable-housing\">Details Emerge on San Jose’s $100 Million Pledge to Build More Affordable Housing\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723268/details-emerge-on-san-joses-100-million-pledge-to-build-more-affordable-housing\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/67e331_eab4d73496c2473f9957aefb8a8fe1a9mv2_d_4000_2304_s_2.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“When you look at Google’s workforce,” Buchanan says, “only about \u003ca href=\"https://diversity.google/annual-report/\">7 percent\u003c/a> are either Latino or African-American. You look at the population of San Jose, and it just looks incredibly different than who it is that Google is actually hiring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expensive housing has been a problem for people like Joseph Chavez. A few years ago, it was so bad that his family — like so many others — had to leave San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prices are so outrageous, we’ve got to move to the Central Valley to actually have affordable homes,” he explains. “So with Google coming here, it might be a bad idea. Rent’s going to go sky high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chavez works in construction, and he’s hoping to work on the new San Jose Google site. “More jobs means more opportunities. More opportunity means everybody gets to eat. If it pays well, you might be able to make it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether he’ll be able to make it in San Jose after the Google campus gets built, that’s an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=This+City+Told+Amazon+And+Google%3A+No+Incentives+For+You&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A mayor from a Bay Area city that tried to land big tech companies might be starting to look pretty smart after Amazon canceled its plans for a New York City headquarters. Activists and local politicians said New York had given up too much for too little.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t have to be that way, according to San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo, who refused to offer Amazon and another tech giant, Google, any incentives to locate in his city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s decision to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694740118/amazon-drops-plans-for-new-york-headquarters\">back out\u003c/a> of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713070/google-commences-1b-expansion-in-new-york-city\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York City plan\u003c/a> followed opposition from activists and local politicians over the hefty tax breaks and incentives the company would’ve gotten when it moved in.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you’re offering incentives, those are dollars you could use to be building out transit, to … supporting an ecosystem of talent development.’\u003ccite>San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As big tech companies expand nationwide, cities continue to grapple with how to make sure they are benefiting. San Jose is one example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, when Amazon was looking for a city \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/09/18/551773552/cities-try-convincing-amazon-they-re-ready-for-its-new-headquarters\">to house its second headquarters\u003c/a>, Liccardo threw San Jose’s hat in the ring. But unlike the various cities that promised generous tax incentives, San Jose offered Amazon no money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re offering incentives, those are dollars you could use to be building out transit, to … supporting an ecosystem of talent development,” Liccardo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Amazon ultimately picked New York for one of its new campuses, many activists said it made no sense for one of the world’s wealthiest companies to get gig tax breaks and other incentives. It caused such a local outrage, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694740118/amazon-drops-plans-for-new-york-headquarters\">Amazon announced it was pulling out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lesson for cities really ought to be, don’t take the bait. And don’t even offer the bait,” Liccardo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710256/the-google-land-rush\">The Google Land Rush\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710256/the-google-land-rush\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/welcometo_120518_final-1020x649.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Which is not to say he doesn’t want Big Tech headquartered in San Jose — Adobe, Cisco and eBay are based there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re the only major city in the United States that actually has a smaller daytime population than nighttime population,” Liccardo says. “And, as a result, our residents spend a lot of time commuting. We’re right up there with the worst cities in commutes and obviously it drives up the housing costs. And so we get the worst of both worlds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-800x1117.jpg\" alt=\"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1117\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11726713\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-800x1117.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-160x223.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-1020x1424.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400-860x1200.jpg 860w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/ap_454227697688_enl-ab56b9778e011bcd7ad96d8c9cba597df4712bef-s1400.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo. \u003ccite>(Tony Avelar/Invision/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says when he was approached by Google, which was interested in building a campus in San Jose, the company didn’t ask for incentives and his government didn’t offer any. Rather, the mayor says the city is requiring that 25 percent of the housing built around the campus be rent-restricted and affordable. Like most of the Bay Area, the cost of living in San Jose has skyrocketed, largely driven by the tech boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, which is headquartered nearby Mountain View, is projected to bring \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/11/28/google-village-could-bring-24000-jobs-to-downtown-san-jose-study/\">tens of thousands of jobs\u003c/a> to San Jose. And Liccardo says the company agreed to fees on development to help fund affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google is planning to develop as much as 8 million square feet in downtown San Jose. The city lacks the allure of San Francisco or neighboring Palo Alto, so it’s not hard to see why some are so excited to develop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plenty of locals and activists are not happy with Google moving in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Buchanan, the policy director at Working Partnerships USA, a community labor coalition, says that even if San Jose isn’t offering big tax breaks, that doesn’t mean Google’s move will be good for the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe we’re not offering billions in tax rebates,” he says. “But we’re offering really valuable public land in an area where prices are going through the roof. Google is just on the beneficial side of things going their way, without having to give anything back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many activists in the various cities where tech is expanding, Buchanan has questions about the details: How exactly is housing going to be kept affordable? And, of all those jobs coming to town, how many will go to locals?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723268/details-emerge-on-san-joses-100-million-pledge-to-build-more-affordable-housing\">Details Emerge on San Jose’s $100 Million Pledge to Build More Affordable Housing\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723268/details-emerge-on-san-joses-100-million-pledge-to-build-more-affordable-housing\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/67e331_eab4d73496c2473f9957aefb8a8fe1a9mv2_d_4000_2304_s_2.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“When you look at Google’s workforce,” Buchanan says, “only about \u003ca href=\"https://diversity.google/annual-report/\">7 percent\u003c/a> are either Latino or African-American. You look at the population of San Jose, and it just looks incredibly different than who it is that Google is actually hiring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expensive housing has been a problem for people like Joseph Chavez. A few years ago, it was so bad that his family — like so many others — had to leave San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prices are so outrageous, we’ve got to move to the Central Valley to actually have affordable homes,” he explains. “So with Google coming here, it might be a bad idea. Rent’s going to go sky high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chavez works in construction, and he’s hoping to work on the new San Jose Google site. “More jobs means more opportunities. More opportunity means everybody gets to eat. If it pays well, you might be able to make it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether he’ll be able to make it in San Jose after the Google campus gets built, that’s an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=This+City+Told+Amazon+And+Google%3A+No+Incentives+For+You&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Instacart Ends Controversial Tip Policy; DoorDash and Amazon Flex Don't",
"title": "Instacart Ends Controversial Tip Policy; DoorDash and Amazon Flex Don't",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>When you tip someone, you assume the money you're leaving goes directly to them as a bonus on top of what they're being paid as your bartender, cab driver or waiter. You don't assume the company they work for would then decide to pay them less or more based on what you tip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is exactly what was happening at the food delivery company Instacart, and what still seems to be happening at DoorDash and Amazon Flex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, DoorDash defended its policy as transparent and supported by \"Dashers\" — what it calls its food delivery workers. Amazon Flex did not respond to requests for comments about how they're handling tips and compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know how Instacart was handling tips because, under pressure from workers and media reports, the company publicly reversed its policies in early February. This was after Instacart used the complexity of its payment structure to obfuscate how it was using tips to offset worker compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the outside, it’s difficult to know how gig platforms like Instacart, DoorDash or Lyft calculate what they pay their workers or how they price their services. In both cases, algorithms crunch real-time data to spit out numbers — and the inner-workings of those algorithms can change at any moment. Pricing and pay is often dynamic, based on conditions like the supply and demand of the gig worker. Both customers and workers have routinely complained about a lack of clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how Instacart’s payment structure works: When a customer orders groceries, the company computes a payment — what it calls a “batch” — for the worker based on a bunch of factors, like how many items are in the order and how far the worker has to travel to deliver them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726399\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11726399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-1020x1814.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"1138\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-1020x1814.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-160x285.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-800x1423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-675x1200.jpg 675w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something.jpg 1133w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Instacart payment to one of its workers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Washington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Customers also enter the tip amount ahead of time, with the idea that if a customer is really dying for kumquats and kombucha, then a high tip can encourage Instacart workers to take and complete the order speedily. The batch amount and the tip are all paid through the customer’s phone to Instacart, which then pays out the total to the worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The controversy over tips started ramping up for Instacart last October, when it restructured how it paid workers. There was instant backlash, with workers saying they were earning far less than they did before, which Instacart denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to worker complaints, the company set a minimum payment floor of $10 per delivery. That minimum included both the customer tip and the “batch” payment calculated by Instacart. And this is where the slipperiness slips in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instacart used customer tips to ensure it was meeting its minimum payment floor. If customers tipped low and the worker did not make the $10 minimum per order, then Instacart would chip in extra money to make sure they did. If customers tipped high, then Instacart didn’t kick in additional funds — effectively lowering the actual payment for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers said it boiled down to this: When they got low tips, they got higher compensation from Instacart; and when they got high tips, they got lower compensation from the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through an advocacy group called Working Washington, Instacart workers posted stories and screenshots online detailing their grievances. \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingwa.org/instacart-eighty-cents/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In one case\u003c/a>, a worker's actual payment from Instacart for an hour-long delivery was just 80 cents — with a $10 tip from the customer. Instacart said that case was an anomaly. On Jan. 14, over 1,500 workers \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingwa.org/blog/2019/1/14/instacarts-transparent-new-pay-structure-underpayment-tip-theft-and-black-box-algorithms\">signed an open letter\u003c/a> objecting to how the company was compensating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1270px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11726395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1270\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png 1270w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-800x567.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-1020x723.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-1200x850.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1270px) 100vw, 1270px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example posted with Working Washington, including their highlighting, of when Instacart used a tip to offset worker compensation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Washington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED in early February, a spokesperson from Instacart said, “Our shoppers also always receive 100% of the tips given to them by our customers.” This is true. But what is also true is those customer tips were being used so the company had to pay less in compensation to meet its promised minimum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DoorDash implemented a similar policy back in 2017. In an email to KQED, a DoorDash spokesperson wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on Dasher input, it was designed to ensure that Dashers are more fairly compensated for every delivery. DoorDash always pays Dashers a fixed base pay, plus 100% of customer tips. We will continue to protect Dashers with boost pay in cases where earnings would otherwise be insufficient to cover the effort. Since implementing this pay model in 2017, Dasher retention and overall satisfaction have increased significantly, while average delivery times have decreased.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What these companies are doing is essentially what’s called a tip credit, which is legal in most states. It means an employer can pay tipped workers less than minimum wage, as long as the tips bring the workers over the minimum wage threshold. If the tips don’t, then the employer must chip in extra in wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/california-laws-tipped-employees.html\">Tip credits are illegal in California.\u003c/a> Employees must be paid minimum wage, and they keep any tips on top of that wage. Employers are not supposed to deduct anything from tips or use them to adjust compensation. In restaurants, non-tipped workers and management are not even supposed to touch the tips — a convention put in place to stop tip theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003cstrong>'Tips should always be separate\u003c/strong> from Instacart’s contribution to shopper compensation.'\u003ccite>Apoorva Mehta,\u003cbr>\nInstacart’s CEO\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>However, that doesn't make what Instacart was doing or what DoorDash, and reportedly Amazon Flex, continue to do illegal. That’s because of how the company classifies its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instacart, DoorDash and Amazon Flex all follow the typical gig model used by Lyft, Uber and others. They classify workers as independent contractors, not as employees. This means they are not protected by minimum wage laws and therefore California's law against tip credits. Instacart and other gig companies can change the amount of tips and compensation paid to these workers as they see fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Instacart, the blowback from workers and customers was enough that the company decided to revamp its policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/shopper-news/state-of-pay-doing-right-by-our-shoppers-81de4b66580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In an open letter\u003c/a>, Instacart’s CEO, Apoorva Mehta, wrote, “Tips should always be separate from Instacart’s contribution to shopper compensation.” Mehta also said, “All batches will have a higher guaranteed compensation floor for shoppers, paid for by Instacart,” and noted that Instacart would retroactively compensate shoppers for payments when tips had been included to meet minimums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working Washington has celebrated getting Instacart to change its policies and is trying to use this as a springboard for more organizing among gig workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DoorDash is still using the same tip model, as is Amazon Flex reportedly, which affects thousands of gig workers. And as long as workers in the gig economy are contractors, then all of their earnings — tips included — will continue to be at the discretion of the company developing the app and setting the algorithms.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When you tip someone, you assume the money you're leaving goes directly to them as a bonus on top of what they're being paid as your bartender, cab driver or waiter. You don't assume the company they work for would then decide to pay them less or more based on what you tip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is exactly what was happening at the food delivery company Instacart, and what still seems to be happening at DoorDash and Amazon Flex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, DoorDash defended its policy as transparent and supported by \"Dashers\" — what it calls its food delivery workers. Amazon Flex did not respond to requests for comments about how they're handling tips and compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know how Instacart was handling tips because, under pressure from workers and media reports, the company publicly reversed its policies in early February. This was after Instacart used the complexity of its payment structure to obfuscate how it was using tips to offset worker compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the outside, it’s difficult to know how gig platforms like Instacart, DoorDash or Lyft calculate what they pay their workers or how they price their services. In both cases, algorithms crunch real-time data to spit out numbers — and the inner-workings of those algorithms can change at any moment. Pricing and pay is often dynamic, based on conditions like the supply and demand of the gig worker. Both customers and workers have routinely complained about a lack of clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how Instacart’s payment structure works: When a customer orders groceries, the company computes a payment — what it calls a “batch” — for the worker based on a bunch of factors, like how many items are in the order and how far the worker has to travel to deliver them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726399\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11726399\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-1020x1814.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"1138\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-1020x1814.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-160x285.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-800x1423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something-675x1200.jpg 675w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Ghoulia20bon20-20Julia20something.jpg 1133w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Instacart payment to one of its workers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Washington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Customers also enter the tip amount ahead of time, with the idea that if a customer is really dying for kumquats and kombucha, then a high tip can encourage Instacart workers to take and complete the order speedily. The batch amount and the tip are all paid through the customer’s phone to Instacart, which then pays out the total to the worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The controversy over tips started ramping up for Instacart last October, when it restructured how it paid workers. There was instant backlash, with workers saying they were earning far less than they did before, which Instacart denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to worker complaints, the company set a minimum payment floor of $10 per delivery. That minimum included both the customer tip and the “batch” payment calculated by Instacart. And this is where the slipperiness slips in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instacart used customer tips to ensure it was meeting its minimum payment floor. If customers tipped low and the worker did not make the $10 minimum per order, then Instacart would chip in extra money to make sure they did. If customers tipped high, then Instacart didn’t kick in additional funds — effectively lowering the actual payment for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers said it boiled down to this: When they got low tips, they got higher compensation from Instacart; and when they got high tips, they got lower compensation from the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through an advocacy group called Working Washington, Instacart workers posted stories and screenshots online detailing their grievances. \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingwa.org/instacart-eighty-cents/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In one case\u003c/a>, a worker's actual payment from Instacart for an hour-long delivery was just 80 cents — with a $10 tip from the customer. Instacart said that case was an anomaly. On Jan. 14, over 1,500 workers \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingwa.org/blog/2019/1/14/instacarts-transparent-new-pay-structure-underpayment-tip-theft-and-black-box-algorithms\">signed an open letter\u003c/a> objecting to how the company was compensating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11726395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1270px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11726395\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1270\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller.png 1270w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-160x113.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-800x567.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-1020x723.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/tomfullsmaller-1200x850.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1270px) 100vw, 1270px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example posted with Working Washington, including their highlighting, of when Instacart used a tip to offset worker compensation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Washington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED in early February, a spokesperson from Instacart said, “Our shoppers also always receive 100% of the tips given to them by our customers.” This is true. But what is also true is those customer tips were being used so the company had to pay less in compensation to meet its promised minimum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DoorDash implemented a similar policy back in 2017. In an email to KQED, a DoorDash spokesperson wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on Dasher input, it was designed to ensure that Dashers are more fairly compensated for every delivery. DoorDash always pays Dashers a fixed base pay, plus 100% of customer tips. We will continue to protect Dashers with boost pay in cases where earnings would otherwise be insufficient to cover the effort. Since implementing this pay model in 2017, Dasher retention and overall satisfaction have increased significantly, while average delivery times have decreased.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What these companies are doing is essentially what’s called a tip credit, which is legal in most states. It means an employer can pay tipped workers less than minimum wage, as long as the tips bring the workers over the minimum wage threshold. If the tips don’t, then the employer must chip in extra in wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/california-laws-tipped-employees.html\">Tip credits are illegal in California.\u003c/a> Employees must be paid minimum wage, and they keep any tips on top of that wage. Employers are not supposed to deduct anything from tips or use them to adjust compensation. In restaurants, non-tipped workers and management are not even supposed to touch the tips — a convention put in place to stop tip theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003cstrong>'Tips should always be separate\u003c/strong> from Instacart’s contribution to shopper compensation.'\u003ccite>Apoorva Mehta,\u003cbr>\nInstacart’s CEO\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>However, that doesn't make what Instacart was doing or what DoorDash, and reportedly Amazon Flex, continue to do illegal. That’s because of how the company classifies its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instacart, DoorDash and Amazon Flex all follow the typical gig model used by Lyft, Uber and others. They classify workers as independent contractors, not as employees. This means they are not protected by minimum wage laws and therefore California's law against tip credits. Instacart and other gig companies can change the amount of tips and compensation paid to these workers as they see fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Instacart, the blowback from workers and customers was enough that the company decided to revamp its policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/shopper-news/state-of-pay-doing-right-by-our-shoppers-81de4b66580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In an open letter\u003c/a>, Instacart’s CEO, Apoorva Mehta, wrote, “Tips should always be separate from Instacart’s contribution to shopper compensation.” Mehta also said, “All batches will have a higher guaranteed compensation floor for shoppers, paid for by Instacart,” and noted that Instacart would retroactively compensate shoppers for payments when tips had been included to meet minimums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working Washington has celebrated getting Instacart to change its policies and is trying to use this as a springboard for more organizing among gig workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DoorDash is still using the same tip model, as is Amazon Flex reportedly, which affects thousands of gig workers. And as long as workers in the gig economy are contractors, then all of their earnings — tips included — will continue to be at the discretion of the company developing the app and setting the algorithms.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Gov. Gavin Newsom Wants Users to Profit From Online Data",
"title": "Gov. Gavin Newsom Wants Users to Profit From Online Data",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>California Governor Gavin Newsom set off a flurry of speculation after he said the state's consumers should get a piece of the billions of dollars that technology companies make by capitalizing on personal data they collect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new governor has asked aides to develop a proposal for a \"data dividend\" for California residents, but provided no hints about whether he might be suggesting a tax on tech companies, an individual refund to their customers or something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Companies that make billions of dollars collecting, curating and monetizing our personal data have a duty to protect it,\" Newsom said in his first \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725969/state-of-the-state-five-ways-gavin-newsom-made-clear-hes-not-jerry-brown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of the State\u003c/a> speech Tuesday. \"California's consumers should also be able to share in the wealth that is created from their data.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies, for example, sell the data to outside businesses that target ads to users. The European Union and Spain's socialist government last year each proposed taxing big internet companies like Google, Facebook and Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense Media, which helped pass California's nation-leading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11676475/compromise-may-keep-privacy-initiative-off-november-ballot\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">digital privacy law\u003c/a> last year, plans to propose legislation in coming weeks that would reflect Newsom's proposal, founder and CEO James Steyer said, without providing details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting next year, California's privacy law will require companies to tell customers upon request what personal data they have collected and why, which categories of third parties have received it, and allow consumers to delete their information and not sell it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Mark Warner of Virginia, ranking Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, is considering federal legislation requiring companies like Facebook and Google to provide users with annual estimates of what their data is worth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/newsletters/axios-media-trends-399c6131-4601-4626-8e2a-04bab898aa4f.html?chunk=4\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Axios\u003c/a> calculated that the average Facebook user is worth $7.37 to the company, while a Twitter user is worth $2.83, and a Reddit user, about 30 cents. The calculation basically divides the companies' annual revenue by their monthly active users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer, from Common Sense Media, promised \"landmark legislation\" that will change the way consumers view the value and privacy of their online information. Most consumers don't realize that companies \"are taking your data at extremely detailed levels and selling it and monetizing it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're basically saying, 'It's my data,'\" Steyer said. \"And if you do use it, I would like a portion of that because you're monetizing my personal information. That's a big deal, and that will represent an enormous step forward for consumers in California and all across the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's office would not say who is leading his review. Newsom \"is open to constructive input\" from national experts and lawmakers, spokesman Brian Ferguson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor's office pointed to proposals elsewhere to put a tax on data, including one that died in the Washington state Legislature in 2017. That measure would have taxed receipts from the sale of state residents' personal data at a rate of 3.3 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahsau Daee of the Internet Association said the industry will look forward to reviewing the governor's eventual proposal but that \"free and low-cost, data-driven online services offer Californians — and all Americans — enormous benefits.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Chester, executive director of the Center for Digital Democracy, said Newsom \"is off to the wrong start\" on protecting consumer privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They shouldn't be tricked into giving away their privacy for a small discount,\" he said in an email. \"Selling it for a few bucks isn't the answer and will make the problem worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Goldstein, president the digital marketing agency Page 1 Solutions, said a tax might not benefit consumers, while some sort of profit-sharing plan would likely return a \"pittance of a benefit\" to individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech giants Facebook and Google did not immediately comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes last year suggested that users could band together to negotiate payments or a data tax could be administered, similar to a fund that annually shares oil profits with Alaska residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's announcement excited lawmakers who authored California's privacy law, but they had no additional information about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblyman Ed Chau, who is chairman of the Assembly Committee on Privacy and Consumer Protection, said the proposal \"highlights the value of data, which has often been described as the new oil in this technological data-driven economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In his State of the State, the new governor said California consumers should be able \"to share in the wealth that is created from their data.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Governor Gavin Newsom set off a flurry of speculation after he said the state's consumers should get a piece of the billions of dollars that technology companies make by capitalizing on personal data they collect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new governor has asked aides to develop a proposal for a \"data dividend\" for California residents, but provided no hints about whether he might be suggesting a tax on tech companies, an individual refund to their customers or something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Companies that make billions of dollars collecting, curating and monetizing our personal data have a duty to protect it,\" Newsom said in his first \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725969/state-of-the-state-five-ways-gavin-newsom-made-clear-hes-not-jerry-brown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">State of the State\u003c/a> speech Tuesday. \"California's consumers should also be able to share in the wealth that is created from their data.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies, for example, sell the data to outside businesses that target ads to users. The European Union and Spain's socialist government last year each proposed taxing big internet companies like Google, Facebook and Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense Media, which helped pass California's nation-leading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11676475/compromise-may-keep-privacy-initiative-off-november-ballot\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">digital privacy law\u003c/a> last year, plans to propose legislation in coming weeks that would reflect Newsom's proposal, founder and CEO James Steyer said, without providing details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting next year, California's privacy law will require companies to tell customers upon request what personal data they have collected and why, which categories of third parties have received it, and allow consumers to delete their information and not sell it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Mark Warner of Virginia, ranking Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, is considering federal legislation requiring companies like Facebook and Google to provide users with annual estimates of what their data is worth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/newsletters/axios-media-trends-399c6131-4601-4626-8e2a-04bab898aa4f.html?chunk=4\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Axios\u003c/a> calculated that the average Facebook user is worth $7.37 to the company, while a Twitter user is worth $2.83, and a Reddit user, about 30 cents. The calculation basically divides the companies' annual revenue by their monthly active users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer, from Common Sense Media, promised \"landmark legislation\" that will change the way consumers view the value and privacy of their online information. Most consumers don't realize that companies \"are taking your data at extremely detailed levels and selling it and monetizing it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're basically saying, 'It's my data,'\" Steyer said. \"And if you do use it, I would like a portion of that because you're monetizing my personal information. That's a big deal, and that will represent an enormous step forward for consumers in California and all across the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's office would not say who is leading his review. Newsom \"is open to constructive input\" from national experts and lawmakers, spokesman Brian Ferguson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor's office pointed to proposals elsewhere to put a tax on data, including one that died in the Washington state Legislature in 2017. That measure would have taxed receipts from the sale of state residents' personal data at a rate of 3.3 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahsau Daee of the Internet Association said the industry will look forward to reviewing the governor's eventual proposal but that \"free and low-cost, data-driven online services offer Californians — and all Americans — enormous benefits.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Chester, executive director of the Center for Digital Democracy, said Newsom \"is off to the wrong start\" on protecting consumer privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They shouldn't be tricked into giving away their privacy for a small discount,\" he said in an email. \"Selling it for a few bucks isn't the answer and will make the problem worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Goldstein, president the digital marketing agency Page 1 Solutions, said a tax might not benefit consumers, while some sort of profit-sharing plan would likely return a \"pittance of a benefit\" to individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech giants Facebook and Google did not immediately comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes last year suggested that users could band together to negotiate payments or a data tax could be administered, similar to a fund that annually shares oil profits with Alaska residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's announcement excited lawmakers who authored California's privacy law, but they had no additional information about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblyman Ed Chau, who is chairman of the Assembly Committee on Privacy and Consumer Protection, said the proposal \"highlights the value of data, which has often been described as the new oil in this technological data-driven economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Apple and Google are getting blowback from U.S. human rights activists and lawmakers for carrying an app that lets Saudi men track the whereabouts of their wives and daughters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app, called Absher, and available in both app stores in Saudi Arabia, was created by the National Information Center, which is a project of the Saudi Ministry of Interior\u003ca href=\"https://www.moi.gov.sa/wps/portal/Home/sectors/nic/\"> according to a Saudi government website\u003c/a> .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%B1/id1004966456#?platform=iphone\">description of the app \u003c/a>in \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=sa.gov.moi&hl=en\">both stores\u003c/a> says that with Absher, “you can safely browse your profile or your family members, or [laborers] working for you, and perform a wide range of eServices online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Saudi Arabia, women’s lives are highly restricted. For example, according to Human Rights Watch, women have always needed permission from a male guardian, usually a father or husband, to leave the country. In the past, paper forms were required prior to travel. The Absher app makes this process a lot more convenient for Saudi men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really designed with the men in mind,” says Rothna Begum, a senior researcher on women’s rights at Human Rights Watch. “Of course, it’s incredibly demeaning, insulting and humiliating for the women, and downright abusive in many cases, because you’re allowing men absolute control over women’s movements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/absher-senator-ron-wyden-demands-apple-google-remove-saudi-govt-app-2019-2\">sent a letter\u003c/a> to both companies asking them to remove the app. “Saudi men can also reportedly use Absher to receive real-time text message alerts every time these women enter or leave the country or to prevent these women from leaving the country,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with NPR on Monday, Apple CEO Tim Cook said he wasn’t aware of the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t heard about it,” Cook said. “But obviously we’ll take a look at it if that’s the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR also reached out to Google, but the company has not responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Google have faced previous controversies over apps in their stores. \u003ca href=\"https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/\">Both stores\u003c/a> have policies \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy-print/\">banning inappropriate content\u003c/a> such as the promotion of hate speech, graphic violence, bullying and harassment. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/366675400/12-1-17-Letter-From-Rep-Lieu-to-Tim-Cook\">faced some backlash\u003c/a> over these policies, particularly around how they might impact small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Begum, of Human Rights Watch, says she can see how the companies might not have initially realized that the app could be used for monitoring women. “It has other services that are quite generic and normal government services,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Google have different systems for flagging inappropriate apps. Apple prescreens apps, and Begum says Google relies on its users to alert it about violations. But, she says, each company needs to boost scrutiny of government-supported apps, especially when they are created by repressive regimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should consider the human rights implications … especially when it’s offered by a government,” Begun says. “When they’re evaluating whether an app should be allowed … providers really should consider the broader context or the purpose of the app, how it’s being used in practice and whether it’s facilitating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, Absher has also been \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-women-flee.html\">helpful to a some women trying to escape \u003c/a>the repressive Saudi regime. Begum says some women have managed to secretly change the settings in the app on their male guardian’s phone so that it allows them to travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she says, Google and Apple need to push back against the Saudi government and either disable the app entirely or disable the features that enable men to track women in their families. “By not saying anything, they’ve allowed the government to facilitate the abuse,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter to Google and Apple, Wyden wrote: “It is hardly news that the Saudi monarchy seeks to restrict and repress Saudi women, but American companies should not enable or facilitate the Saudi government’s patriarchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Apple%2C+Google+Criticized+For+Carrying+App+That+Lets+Saudi+Men+Track+Their+Wives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Apple and Google are getting blowback from U.S. human rights activists and lawmakers for carrying an app that lets Saudi men track the whereabouts of their wives and daughters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app, called Absher, and available in both app stores in Saudi Arabia, was created by the National Information Center, which is a project of the Saudi Ministry of Interior\u003ca href=\"https://www.moi.gov.sa/wps/portal/Home/sectors/nic/\"> according to a Saudi government website\u003c/a> .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%B1/id1004966456#?platform=iphone\">description of the app \u003c/a>in \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=sa.gov.moi&hl=en\">both stores\u003c/a> says that with Absher, “you can safely browse your profile or your family members, or [laborers] working for you, and perform a wide range of eServices online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Saudi Arabia, women’s lives are highly restricted. For example, according to Human Rights Watch, women have always needed permission from a male guardian, usually a father or husband, to leave the country. In the past, paper forms were required prior to travel. The Absher app makes this process a lot more convenient for Saudi men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really designed with the men in mind,” says Rothna Begum, a senior researcher on women’s rights at Human Rights Watch. “Of course, it’s incredibly demeaning, insulting and humiliating for the women, and downright abusive in many cases, because you’re allowing men absolute control over women’s movements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/absher-senator-ron-wyden-demands-apple-google-remove-saudi-govt-app-2019-2\">sent a letter\u003c/a> to both companies asking them to remove the app. “Saudi men can also reportedly use Absher to receive real-time text message alerts every time these women enter or leave the country or to prevent these women from leaving the country,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with NPR on Monday, Apple CEO Tim Cook said he wasn’t aware of the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t heard about it,” Cook said. “But obviously we’ll take a look at it if that’s the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR also reached out to Google, but the company has not responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Google have faced previous controversies over apps in their stores. \u003ca href=\"https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/\">Both stores\u003c/a> have policies \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy-print/\">banning inappropriate content\u003c/a> such as the promotion of hate speech, graphic violence, bullying and harassment. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/366675400/12-1-17-Letter-From-Rep-Lieu-to-Tim-Cook\">faced some backlash\u003c/a> over these policies, particularly around how they might impact small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Begum, of Human Rights Watch, says she can see how the companies might not have initially realized that the app could be used for monitoring women. “It has other services that are quite generic and normal government services,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Google have different systems for flagging inappropriate apps. Apple prescreens apps, and Begum says Google relies on its users to alert it about violations. But, she says, each company needs to boost scrutiny of government-supported apps, especially when they are created by repressive regimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should consider the human rights implications … especially when it’s offered by a government,” Begun says. “When they’re evaluating whether an app should be allowed … providers really should consider the broader context or the purpose of the app, how it’s being used in practice and whether it’s facilitating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, Absher has also been \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-women-flee.html\">helpful to a some women trying to escape \u003c/a>the repressive Saudi regime. Begum says some women have managed to secretly change the settings in the app on their male guardian’s phone so that it allows them to travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she says, Google and Apple need to push back against the Saudi government and either disable the app entirely or disable the features that enable men to track women in their families. “By not saying anything, they’ve allowed the government to facilitate the abuse,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter to Google and Apple, Wyden wrote: “It is hardly news that the Saudi monarchy seeks to restrict and repress Saudi women, but American companies should not enable or facilitate the Saudi government’s patriarchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Apple%2C+Google+Criticized+For+Carrying+App+That+Lets+Saudi+Men+Track+Their+Wives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "ex-apple-exec-who-oversaw-insider-trading-policy-profited-on-inside-info-sec-says",
"title": "Former Apple Executive Accused of Insider Trading by SEC",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:30 p.m. PST\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission says the executive who was in charge of Apple’s insider trading policy himself committed insider trading in 2015 and 2016 —\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>in one case, selling off about $10 million in Apple stock in advance of a quarterly earnings announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That executive is Gene Levoff, who was until last year Apple’s senior director of corporate law and corporate secretary. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/litigation/complaints/2019/comp-pr2019-10.pdf\">According to a complaint\u003c/a> filed Wednesday in U.S. District Court in New Jersey, as head of the company’s corporate law group, Levoff was responsible for ensuring compliance with Apple’s insider trading policy, as well as determining the criteria for those employees — including himself — restricted from trading around quarterly earnings announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the SEC says that on at least three occasions in 2015 and 2016, Levoff used inside information about Apple’s finances to avoid losses or make a profit for himself by trading Apple stock:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“For example, in July 2015 Levoff received material nonpublic financial data that showed Apple would miss analysts’ third quarter estimates for iPhone unit sales. Between July 17 and the public release of Apple’s quarterly earnings information on July 21, Levoff sold approximately $10 million dollars of Apple stock — virtually all of his Apple holdings — from his personal brokerage accounts. Apple’s stock dropped more than four percent when it publicly disclosed its quarterly financial data. By trading on this material nonpublic information, Levoff avoided approximately $345,000 in losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice also announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-nj/pr/former-director-corporate-law-global-technology-company-charged-insider-trading\">it has charged\u003c/a> Levoff with one count of securities fraud. The criminal charge carries a potential penalty of 20 years in prison and a $5 million fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff, 44, became Apple’s senior director of corporate law in 2013, after five years as its director of corporate law. He was also chair of the company’s Disclosure Committee — where he was was privy to “material nonpublic information about Apple’s financial results” — from September 2008 until July 2018, when he was placed on leave. He was fired from Apple in September 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SEC’s complaint points the finger squarely at Levoff, and not at Apple, which it says took steps to prevent employees from trading on material nonpublic information, including undisclosed financial results: “Apple had an insider trading policy that applied to all employees. Many employees, including Levoff, also received notice when restricted trading periods, known as ‘blackout’ periods, were in effect. The notices, emailed to employees subject to the blackout periods, reminded them of the insider trading policy, and since at least 2015, included a link to the insider trading policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the complaint, Levoff’s role including sending, or supervising the sending, of those notification emails to individuals subject to trading restrictions around Apple’s quarterly earnings announcements. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Levoff also initiated and implemented an update to Apple’s insider trading policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722000/apple-disables-group-facetime-after-security-flaw-let-callers-secretly-eavesdrop\">Apple Disables Group FaceTime After Security Flaw Let Callers Secretly Eavesdrop\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722000/apple-disables-group-facetime-after-security-flaw-let-callers-secretly-eavesdrop\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/ap_18155675767680-83d2a42c023f8f59749887b47d08d49f225aedf9-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Apple did not immediately reply to NPR’s request for a comment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint alleges that Levoff had committed insider trading on three previous occasions in 2011 and 2012: “In each instance, after receiving an email stating that Apple’s pre-earnings release blackout period had begun, Levoff bought thousands of shares of Apple stock before the company released its earnings to the public. He then sold them shortly after the public positive\u003cbr>announcements of Apple’s quarterly earnings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff made about $245,000 in profit from those trades, according to the complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SEC wants Levoff to pay back the profits gained and losses avoided because of his alleged actions, which the commission says amounts to approximately $382,000. It also seeks a monetary penalty against Levoff and to bar him from serving as an officer or director of a public company in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff is being sued in U.S. District Court in New Jersey. The computer servers on which many of the trades were executed are located in New Jersey, the SEC says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+Apple+Executive+Accused+Of+Insider+Trading+By+SEC&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The agency says Gene Levoff used prior knowledge of earnings to buy and sell millions of dollars in Apple stock, even as he was responsible for overseeing compliance with rules on insider trading.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:30 p.m. PST\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission says the executive who was in charge of Apple’s insider trading policy himself committed insider trading in 2015 and 2016 —\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>in one case, selling off about $10 million in Apple stock in advance of a quarterly earnings announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That executive is Gene Levoff, who was until last year Apple’s senior director of corporate law and corporate secretary. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/litigation/complaints/2019/comp-pr2019-10.pdf\">According to a complaint\u003c/a> filed Wednesday in U.S. District Court in New Jersey, as head of the company’s corporate law group, Levoff was responsible for ensuring compliance with Apple’s insider trading policy, as well as determining the criteria for those employees — including himself — restricted from trading around quarterly earnings announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the SEC says that on at least three occasions in 2015 and 2016, Levoff used inside information about Apple’s finances to avoid losses or make a profit for himself by trading Apple stock:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“For example, in July 2015 Levoff received material nonpublic financial data that showed Apple would miss analysts’ third quarter estimates for iPhone unit sales. Between July 17 and the public release of Apple’s quarterly earnings information on July 21, Levoff sold approximately $10 million dollars of Apple stock — virtually all of his Apple holdings — from his personal brokerage accounts. Apple’s stock dropped more than four percent when it publicly disclosed its quarterly financial data. By trading on this material nonpublic information, Levoff avoided approximately $345,000 in losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice also announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-nj/pr/former-director-corporate-law-global-technology-company-charged-insider-trading\">it has charged\u003c/a> Levoff with one count of securities fraud. The criminal charge carries a potential penalty of 20 years in prison and a $5 million fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff, 44, became Apple’s senior director of corporate law in 2013, after five years as its director of corporate law. He was also chair of the company’s Disclosure Committee — where he was was privy to “material nonpublic information about Apple’s financial results” — from September 2008 until July 2018, when he was placed on leave. He was fired from Apple in September 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SEC’s complaint points the finger squarely at Levoff, and not at Apple, which it says took steps to prevent employees from trading on material nonpublic information, including undisclosed financial results: “Apple had an insider trading policy that applied to all employees. Many employees, including Levoff, also received notice when restricted trading periods, known as ‘blackout’ periods, were in effect. The notices, emailed to employees subject to the blackout periods, reminded them of the insider trading policy, and since at least 2015, included a link to the insider trading policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the complaint, Levoff’s role including sending, or supervising the sending, of those notification emails to individuals subject to trading restrictions around Apple’s quarterly earnings announcements. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Levoff also initiated and implemented an update to Apple’s insider trading policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722000/apple-disables-group-facetime-after-security-flaw-let-callers-secretly-eavesdrop\">Apple Disables Group FaceTime After Security Flaw Let Callers Secretly Eavesdrop\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722000/apple-disables-group-facetime-after-security-flaw-let-callers-secretly-eavesdrop\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/ap_18155675767680-83d2a42c023f8f59749887b47d08d49f225aedf9-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Apple did not immediately reply to NPR’s request for a comment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint alleges that Levoff had committed insider trading on three previous occasions in 2011 and 2012: “In each instance, after receiving an email stating that Apple’s pre-earnings release blackout period had begun, Levoff bought thousands of shares of Apple stock before the company released its earnings to the public. He then sold them shortly after the public positive\u003cbr>announcements of Apple’s quarterly earnings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff made about $245,000 in profit from those trades, according to the complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SEC wants Levoff to pay back the profits gained and losses avoided because of his alleged actions, which the commission says amounts to approximately $382,000. It also seeks a monetary penalty against Levoff and to bar him from serving as an officer or director of a public company in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levoff is being sued in U.S. District Court in New Jersey. The computer servers on which many of the trades were executed are located in New Jersey, the SEC says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+Apple+Executive+Accused+Of+Insider+Trading+By+SEC&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-future-proof-is-newsoms-master-plan-for-california",
"title": "How Future-Proof Is Newsom’s Master Plan for California?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://su.org/\">Singularity University\u003c/a> isn’t really about the\u003ca href=\"https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-is-the-singularity-and-will-you-live-to-see-it-5534848\"> singularity\u003c/a>—that point in the future where new technology will change the world so drastically that it’s basically incomprehensible to people alive today. Imagine a society where humans and robots have merged into such a blissfully dystopic union that iPhone Xs are used only by the Amish to print 3D barns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor is Singularity University really a university, at least not in the traditional sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Picture instead a very exclusive TED Talk for vice presidents of Fortune 500 companies and assorted government leaders, who pay nearly $15,000 to spend a week on a NASA research campus in Mountain View studying topics such as the rise of artificial intelligence and digital biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you may recognize one of the alumni.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/122143652\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom visited Singularity University multiple times over the past decade (a spokesman for Neseom says he was always an invited guide and neither he nor the state ever paid tuition). Among his study endeavors: a seminar on 3D printing in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Newsom, for the most part, drank the Tang, recalls Pascal Finette, Singularity’s Chair of Entrepreneurship and Open Innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To his credit, I think he spends a good amount of time to really educate himself on the future and to really understand what the future looks like,” said Finette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Newsom delivers his first State of the State speech from the Capitol. It comes just a few weeks after unveiling a $200 billion budget proposal that serves as the financial roadmap to the state he envisions. Newsom aims to do a lot of forward-looking things in the next 12 months: build homeless shelters, acquire firefighting airplanes, even (gasp) let drivers pay with credit cards at the DMV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Odds are, Newsom’s speech will focus largely on his ambitious plans to restore the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2019-20/pdf/BudgetSummary/GovernorsMessage.pdf\">California Dream\u003c/a>. But how does all that money prepare California for that dream — not just next year, but five, 15, 30 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following are excerpts from our discussions with three experts about the issues likely to confront California at those various benchmarks on the horizon. We asked each expert what kept him up at night when contemplating that year—and how Newsom’s budget does or does not address those concerns. Interviews are edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663478\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-861003104-e1524180315497.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11663478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-861003104-e1524180315497.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk by a Wells Fargo bank branch on Oct. 13, 2017, in New York City. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2024\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Recession\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cstrong>Expert: Patrick Murphy, a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How worried should we be that California will confront a recession in the near future?\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m not a betting person, but I would bet we’ll see [one]. What will cause it? How big? How long? I don’t have that. We’ve been in a recovery\u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-anderson-forecast-economic-slowdown-on-horizon\"> for a long time\u003c/a>, we’re in uncharted territory, and it would be quite surprising if there wasn’t a slowdown in the economy at some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What can the state do to gird itself against an economic downturn?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s two schools of thought. One would be to make sure your revenues are stable and predictable in the long term, so you don’t have the highs too high and the lows too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3703\">isn’t the course we’ve taken\u003c/a>. The course we’ve taken now is we have a volatile revenue stream, but we try to hedge our bets by socking away savings. It’s the person that doesn’t work for a salary or works piecework or consulting and has a lumpy paycheck.You have to have money in reserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what is Newsom doing in this budget for saving while the money is pouring in?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, he’s continuing something that Gov. Jerry Brown had done, which is to focus on \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/californias-state-budget/\">setting money \u003c/a>aside. Part of that is constitutionally required, but what’s interesting is we’re kind of going over and above that. I’ll spare the weeds, but we’re saving more than we have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other piece is the spending that’s being done. A big chunk of it is being put under the banner of \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3916#The_Big_Picture\">one-time spending\u003c/a>. And what that really means is that you’re not commiting someone’s job or salary in the long term, where after year one you’re not committing to year two or year three or four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What about pensions?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s continuing to pay down some of those unfunded retirement liabilities — payments to retirement plans for state and local employees. That’s kind of like putting money in your 401k. You do it today; your benefits multiply over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So, grading from A to F, how does this budget fare in preparing us for a recession?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A:\u003c/b> I hate to give grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>You were a professor.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A: \u003c/b>That was the worst part of the job. What I will say is that it’s showing a lot of foresight in how to invest a\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/newsom-california-spend-budget-surplus/\"> $20 billion windfall\u003c/a>. I wish I was doing this at home — I wish I was paying down my mortgage faster. This is kind of the equivalent of trying to pay down your mortgage faster knowing you’re going to benefit from it down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So … B+?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>B+, yeah. I was a tough grader though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11622404\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/coast-file-20171002-3782-fi0bx9-e1507740219838.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11622404\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/coast-file-20171002-3782-fi0bx9-e1507740219838.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three Arch Bay, Laguna Beach \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Three_Arch_Bay_Photo_Taken_by_pilot_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg\">Don Ramey Logan\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2040\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Sea Level Rise\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Expert: Will Travis, sea level rise adaptation consultant\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>We’re standing right outside the Facebook Campus in Menlo Park, which sits right at sea level on the south edge of San Francisco Bay. What is this going to look like 20 years from now?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some unknown point in the future,\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/apr/22/silicon-valley-sea-level-rise-google-facebook-flood-risk\">this area will likely be fully inundated\u003c/a> by the sea. I say at some unknown point because we know \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/rising-seas-climate-change-what-you-need-to-know/\">sea level is rising\u003c/a>, and we know it will rise at an accelerated rate, but we just don’t know how fast that will happen. It depends on how effective we as a species are at reducing the emissions and carbon dioxide we put into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>It will happen, though? It’s just a question of when?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a question of when. This area will flood for a day or two, and that will happen more and more frequently. Eventually the new reality will be what is now an extreme event that occurs every 10, 15, 20 years will occur every 10,15 or 20 days and then eventually all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California’s coastline has almost always been considered an economic asset. But is that going to be the case decades from now?\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, it’s inevitable that vast parts of the coastline, which is now the most expensive real estate in the world,\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-response-rising-seas/\">will be written off\u003c/a> and have to be abandoned. That may be a more difficult crisis to deal with than the actual physical problems, because of the economic impact of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what can the state actively do to protect against sea level rise?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the state can actively do is begin to plan for this inevitable future now. And that means sorting out what areas we can protect, how we can protect them, are we going to try to use wetlands, do we want to build higher levees? Or are there areas where we decide to pull back, perhaps prohibit new development and remove existing or older development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What did you make of Newsom’s budget?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the money in the budget to deal with climate change is really addressing mitigation, which is reducing greenhouse gases to slow the impact of climate change. The other side is adaptation, which is to acknowledge no matter how effective we are at reducing greenhouse gases, we are still going to have sea level rise in the future. Relatively speaking, there’s not much money in the governor’s budget for [adaptation] right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How would you grade his first budget on planning for a future with sea level rise?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would be difficult to grade somebody like the governor who has been in office now for a [month] on a long-term issue like this. It’s like giving him a grade on a final exam when he just walked in the door to class for the first time. But I have worked with Newsom when he was mayor of San Francisco, and he could turn around and teach the course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>If Facebook goes underwater, is that necessarily a bad thing?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Prolonged Pause)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11148548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Robot4-1-e1477610971173.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11148548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Robot4-1-e1477610971173.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Norma, Amelia and Piper, now greeting travelers in San Jose, are the first robots to be deployed at a U.S. airport. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Mineta San Jose International)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2050\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Robots and Automation\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Expert: Johannes Moenius, professor of global business at University of Redlands\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Is there a date in the future that’s a tipping point for automation?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, we don’t really know dates. We just can project certain developments and see what can happen. My personal view is we won’t see much in the next two to three years. We need to start worrying about five years from now, and then again probably by 2040. By 2050, if we haven’t solved the problems, then we’re in really bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Can you give us some examples?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you think of Southern California, once self-driving trucks come on the road, [labor] replacement can happen quite quickly. All the trucks that we see on the roads right now pretty much have what they need for self-driving except for the [artificial] intelligence. You need a device a little bit smarter than a smartphone, and then you can send a truck from an on-ramp all the way across the country to an off-ramp. And that can have a major effect on employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What about the argument that automation and technological advances in the past have typically produced more jobs than they’ve replaced. In the end, isn’t it a net positive?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, historically, technological progress has been great at creating jobs. But there’s always been winners and losers. During the Industrial Revolution, some researchers estimate we saw more than 60 years of stagnant real wages. We’ve never had it historically that so many different technologies matured at the same time, and the speed of that replacement is also completely unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what can Newsom’s budget do about a change that massive?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One pillar that I think is very important is education. A second one is entrepreneurship. And a third will be creating resilience and providing adjustment assistance for people who will be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What would you specifically like to see with workforce development?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are possibilities for strategic use of workforce development funds. So, for example, truck drivers: If you’re a truck driver, you know the writing’s on the wall. Why don’t you start something with evening education classes or things along those lines that would be more future-proof?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So more workforce development money focused on retraining. What about education?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a few really good things in the budget that point in the direction of the future, although they might not have been implemented with automation in mind. One is an increased focus on 4-year-olds from low-income families, and also a focus on transparency and accountability for school districts. We already had this large effect of digitalization on the income distribution by strengthening the top end and the bottom end. If we’re not starting to prepare low-income families and helping them attain certain levels of education, it’s going to be quite critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg%20https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1867\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1867px) 100vw, 1867px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s governor recently unveiled his $200 billion budget. How well does it prepare the state for the challenges of the future?",
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"title": "How Future-Proof Is Newsom’s Master Plan for California? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://su.org/\">Singularity University\u003c/a> isn’t really about the\u003ca href=\"https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-is-the-singularity-and-will-you-live-to-see-it-5534848\"> singularity\u003c/a>—that point in the future where new technology will change the world so drastically that it’s basically incomprehensible to people alive today. Imagine a society where humans and robots have merged into such a blissfully dystopic union that iPhone Xs are used only by the Amish to print 3D barns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor is Singularity University really a university, at least not in the traditional sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Picture instead a very exclusive TED Talk for vice presidents of Fortune 500 companies and assorted government leaders, who pay nearly $15,000 to spend a week on a NASA research campus in Mountain View studying topics such as the rise of artificial intelligence and digital biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you may recognize one of the alumni.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/122143652\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom visited Singularity University multiple times over the past decade (a spokesman for Neseom says he was always an invited guide and neither he nor the state ever paid tuition). Among his study endeavors: a seminar on 3D printing in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Newsom, for the most part, drank the Tang, recalls Pascal Finette, Singularity’s Chair of Entrepreneurship and Open Innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To his credit, I think he spends a good amount of time to really educate himself on the future and to really understand what the future looks like,” said Finette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Newsom delivers his first State of the State speech from the Capitol. It comes just a few weeks after unveiling a $200 billion budget proposal that serves as the financial roadmap to the state he envisions. Newsom aims to do a lot of forward-looking things in the next 12 months: build homeless shelters, acquire firefighting airplanes, even (gasp) let drivers pay with credit cards at the DMV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Odds are, Newsom’s speech will focus largely on his ambitious plans to restore the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2019-20/pdf/BudgetSummary/GovernorsMessage.pdf\">California Dream\u003c/a>. But how does all that money prepare California for that dream — not just next year, but five, 15, 30 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following are excerpts from our discussions with three experts about the issues likely to confront California at those various benchmarks on the horizon. We asked each expert what kept him up at night when contemplating that year—and how Newsom’s budget does or does not address those concerns. Interviews are edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663478\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-861003104-e1524180315497.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11663478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-861003104-e1524180315497.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People walk by a Wells Fargo bank branch on Oct. 13, 2017, in New York City. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2024\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Recession\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cstrong>Expert: Patrick Murphy, a senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How worried should we be that California will confront a recession in the near future?\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m not a betting person, but I would bet we’ll see [one]. What will cause it? How big? How long? I don’t have that. We’ve been in a recovery\u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-anderson-forecast-economic-slowdown-on-horizon\"> for a long time\u003c/a>, we’re in uncharted territory, and it would be quite surprising if there wasn’t a slowdown in the economy at some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What can the state do to gird itself against an economic downturn?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s two schools of thought. One would be to make sure your revenues are stable and predictable in the long term, so you don’t have the highs too high and the lows too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3703\">isn’t the course we’ve taken\u003c/a>. The course we’ve taken now is we have a volatile revenue stream, but we try to hedge our bets by socking away savings. It’s the person that doesn’t work for a salary or works piecework or consulting and has a lumpy paycheck.You have to have money in reserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what is Newsom doing in this budget for saving while the money is pouring in?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, he’s continuing something that Gov. Jerry Brown had done, which is to focus on \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/californias-state-budget/\">setting money \u003c/a>aside. Part of that is constitutionally required, but what’s interesting is we’re kind of going over and above that. I’ll spare the weeds, but we’re saving more than we have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other piece is the spending that’s being done. A big chunk of it is being put under the banner of \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3916#The_Big_Picture\">one-time spending\u003c/a>. And what that really means is that you’re not commiting someone’s job or salary in the long term, where after year one you’re not committing to year two or year three or four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What about pensions?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s continuing to pay down some of those unfunded retirement liabilities — payments to retirement plans for state and local employees. That’s kind of like putting money in your 401k. You do it today; your benefits multiply over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So, grading from A to F, how does this budget fare in preparing us for a recession?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A:\u003c/b> I hate to give grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>You were a professor.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A: \u003c/b>That was the worst part of the job. What I will say is that it’s showing a lot of foresight in how to invest a\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/newsom-california-spend-budget-surplus/\"> $20 billion windfall\u003c/a>. I wish I was doing this at home — I wish I was paying down my mortgage faster. This is kind of the equivalent of trying to pay down your mortgage faster knowing you’re going to benefit from it down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So … B+?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>B+, yeah. I was a tough grader though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11622404\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/coast-file-20171002-3782-fi0bx9-e1507740219838.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11622404\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/coast-file-20171002-3782-fi0bx9-e1507740219838.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three Arch Bay, Laguna Beach \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Three_Arch_Bay_Photo_Taken_by_pilot_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg\">Don Ramey Logan\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">CC BY\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2040\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Sea Level Rise\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Expert: Will Travis, sea level rise adaptation consultant\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>We’re standing right outside the Facebook Campus in Menlo Park, which sits right at sea level on the south edge of San Francisco Bay. What is this going to look like 20 years from now?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some unknown point in the future,\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/apr/22/silicon-valley-sea-level-rise-google-facebook-flood-risk\">this area will likely be fully inundated\u003c/a> by the sea. I say at some unknown point because we know \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/rising-seas-climate-change-what-you-need-to-know/\">sea level is rising\u003c/a>, and we know it will rise at an accelerated rate, but we just don’t know how fast that will happen. It depends on how effective we as a species are at reducing the emissions and carbon dioxide we put into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>It will happen, though? It’s just a question of when?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a question of when. This area will flood for a day or two, and that will happen more and more frequently. Eventually the new reality will be what is now an extreme event that occurs every 10, 15, 20 years will occur every 10,15 or 20 days and then eventually all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California’s coastline has almost always been considered an economic asset. But is that going to be the case decades from now?\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, it’s inevitable that vast parts of the coastline, which is now the most expensive real estate in the world,\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-response-rising-seas/\">will be written off\u003c/a> and have to be abandoned. That may be a more difficult crisis to deal with than the actual physical problems, because of the economic impact of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what can the state actively do to protect against sea level rise?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the state can actively do is begin to plan for this inevitable future now. And that means sorting out what areas we can protect, how we can protect them, are we going to try to use wetlands, do we want to build higher levees? Or are there areas where we decide to pull back, perhaps prohibit new development and remove existing or older development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What did you make of Newsom’s budget?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the money in the budget to deal with climate change is really addressing mitigation, which is reducing greenhouse gases to slow the impact of climate change. The other side is adaptation, which is to acknowledge no matter how effective we are at reducing greenhouse gases, we are still going to have sea level rise in the future. Relatively speaking, there’s not much money in the governor’s budget for [adaptation] right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How would you grade his first budget on planning for a future with sea level rise?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would be difficult to grade somebody like the governor who has been in office now for a [month] on a long-term issue like this. It’s like giving him a grade on a final exam when he just walked in the door to class for the first time. But I have worked with Newsom when he was mayor of San Francisco, and he could turn around and teach the course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>If Facebook goes underwater, is that necessarily a bad thing?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Prolonged Pause)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11148548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Robot4-1-e1477610971173.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11148548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Robot4-1-e1477610971173.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Norma, Amelia and Piper, now greeting travelers in San Jose, are the first robots to be deployed at a U.S. airport. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Mineta San Jose International)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Year: 2050\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Issue: Robots and Automation\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>Expert: Johannes Moenius, professor of global business at University of Redlands\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Is there a date in the future that’s a tipping point for automation?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, we don’t really know dates. We just can project certain developments and see what can happen. My personal view is we won’t see much in the next two to three years. We need to start worrying about five years from now, and then again probably by 2040. By 2050, if we haven’t solved the problems, then we’re in really bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Can you give us some examples?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you think of Southern California, once self-driving trucks come on the road, [labor] replacement can happen quite quickly. All the trucks that we see on the roads right now pretty much have what they need for self-driving except for the [artificial] intelligence. You need a device a little bit smarter than a smartphone, and then you can send a truck from an on-ramp all the way across the country to an off-ramp. And that can have a major effect on employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What about the argument that automation and technological advances in the past have typically produced more jobs than they’ve replaced. In the end, isn’t it a net positive?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, historically, technological progress has been great at creating jobs. But there’s always been winners and losers. During the Industrial Revolution, some researchers estimate we saw more than 60 years of stagnant real wages. We’ve never had it historically that so many different technologies matured at the same time, and the speed of that replacement is also completely unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So what can Newsom’s budget do about a change that massive?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One pillar that I think is very important is education. A second one is entrepreneurship. And a third will be creating resilience and providing adjustment assistance for people who will be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What would you specifically like to see with workforce development?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are possibilities for strategic use of workforce development funds. So, for example, truck drivers: If you’re a truck driver, you know the writing’s on the wall. Why don’t you start something with evening education classes or things along those lines that would be more future-proof?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So more workforce development money focused on retraining. What about education?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a few really good things in the budget that point in the direction of the future, although they might not have been implemented with automation in mind. One is an increased focus on 4-year-olds from low-income families, and also a focus on transparency and accountability for school districts. We already had this large effect of digitalization on the income distribution by strengthening the top end and the bottom end. If we’re not starting to prepare low-income families and helping them attain certain levels of education, it’s going to be quite critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "5 Reasons Why Self-Driving Cars Aren't Coming Anytime Soon",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the world of autonomous vehicles, Pittsburgh and Silicon Valley are bustling hubs of development and testing. But ask those involved in self-driving vehicles when we might actually see them carrying passengers in every city, and you'll get an almost universal answer: Not anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723058/will-self-driving-cars-put-us-in-transportation-heaven-or-hell\">Will Self-Driving Cars Put Us in Transportation Heaven or Hell?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723058/will-self-driving-cars-put-us-in-transportation-heaven-or-hell\">\u003cimg class=\"\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS8358_152766339-1020x711.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"389\" height=\"271\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>An optimistic assessment is 10 years. Many others say decades as researchers try to conquer a number of obstacles. The vehicles themselves will debut in limited, well-mapped areas within cities and spread outward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657306/police-release-video-of-fatal-crash-involving-uber-self-driving-car\">fatal crash in Arizona\u003c/a> involving an Uber autonomous vehicle in March slowed progress, largely because it hurt the public's perception of the safety of vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies slowed research to be more careful. Google's Waymo, for instance, decided not to launch a fully autonomous ride-hailing service in the Phoenix area and will rely on human backup drivers to ferry passengers, at least for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the problems that researchers must overcome to start giving rides without humans behind the wheel:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Snow and Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When it's heavy enough to cover the pavement, snow blocks the view of lane lines that vehicle cameras use to find their way. Researchers so far haven't figured out a way around this. That's why much of the testing is done in warm-weather climates such as Arizona and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heavy snow, rain, fog and sandstorms can obstruct the view of cameras. Light beams sent out by laser sensors can bounce off snowflakes and think they are obstacles. Radar can see through the weather, but it doesn't show the shape of an object needed for computers to figure out what it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933667/should-self-driving-cars-have-ethics\">Should Self-Driving Cars Have Ethics?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933667/should-self-driving-cars-have-ethics\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-843272498-80183887af24176749966ee5ee5cd0e22bf46cf5-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It's like losing part of your vision,\" says Raj Rajkumar, an electrical and computer engineering professor at Carnegie Mellon University.\u003cbr>\nResearchers are working on laser sensors that use a different light beam wavelength to see through snowflakes, said Greg McGuire, director of the MCity autonomous vehicle testing lab at the University of Michigan. Software also is being developed so vehicles can differentiate between real obstacles and snowflakes, rain, fog, and other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many companies are still trying to master the difficult task of driving on a clear day with steady traction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once we are able to have a system reliably perform in those, then we'll start working toward expanding to those more challenging conditions,\" said Noah Zych, Uber's head of system safety for self-driving cars.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Pavement Lines and Curbs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Across the globe, roadway marking lines are different, or they may not even exist. Lane lines aren't standardized, so vehicles have to learn how to drive differently in each city. Sometimes there aren't any curbs to help vehicles judge lane width.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, in Pittsburgh's industrial \"Strip District,\" where many self-driving vehicles are tested, the city draws lines across the narrow lanes to mark where vehicles should stop for stop signs. Sometimes the lines are so far back and buildings are so close to the street that autonomous cars can't see traffic on the cross street if they stop at the line. One workaround is to program vehicles to stop for the line and creep forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is it better to do a double stop?\" asked Pete Rander, president of Argo AI, an autonomous vehicle company in which Ford has invested heavily. \"Since intersections vary, it's not that easy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dealing With Human Drivers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For many years, autonomous vehicles will have to deal with humans who don't always play by the rules. They double-park or walk in front of cars. Recently in Pittsburgh, an Argo backup driver had to take over when his car stopped during a right turn, blocking an intersection when it couldn't immediately decide whether to go around a double-parked delivery truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668523/distracted-autopilot\">Mark Fiore: Distracted Autopilot\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668523/distracted-autopilot\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/distracted_051518_final-1180x753.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Even if the car might eventually figure something out, it's shared space, and it's socially unacceptable\" to block traffic, Rander said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans also make eye contact with other drivers to make sure they're looking in the right direction, something still being developed for autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add to that the antagonism that some feel toward robots. People have reportedly been harassing Waymo's autonomous test vehicles near Phoenix. The Arizona Republic reported in December that police is suburban Chandler have documented at least 21 cases in the past two years, including a man waiving a gun at a Waymo van and people who slashed tires and threw rocks. One Jeep forced the vans off the road six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Left Turns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Deciding when to turn left in front of oncoming traffic without a green arrow is one of the more difficult tasks for human drivers and one that causes many crashes. Autonomous vehicles have the same trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think the things that humans have challenges with, we're challenged with as well.'\u003ccite>Waymo CEO John Krafcik\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waymo CEO John Krafcik said in a recent interview that his company's vehicles are still encountering occasional problems at intersections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the things that humans have challenges with, we're challenged with as well,\" he said. \"So sometimes unprotected lefts are super challenging for a human, sometimes they're super challenging for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Consumer Acceptance\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The fatal Uber crash near Phoenix last year did more than push the pause button on testing. It also rattled consumers who someday will be asked to ride in self-driving vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658245/arizona-suspends-ubers-self-driving-vehicle-testing-after-fatal-crash\">Uber Won't Seek California Permit Renewal to Test Self-Driving Vehicles After Fatal Crash\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658245/arizona-suspends-ubers-self-driving-vehicle-testing-after-fatal-crash\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/ntsb-uber-ff64f5bdd733572617aece2b246b2f335d0c9033-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Surveys taken after the Uber crash showed that drivers are reluctant to give up control to a computer. One by AAA found that 73 percent of American drivers would be too fearful to ride in a fully self-driving vehicle. That's up from 63 percent in late 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autonomous vehicle companies are showing test passengers information on screens about where the vehicles are headed and what its sensors are seeing. The more people ride, the more they trust the vehicles, says Waymo's Krafcik.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After they become more and more confident they rarely look at the screens, and they're on their phones or relaxing or sleeping,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the world of autonomous vehicles, Pittsburgh and Silicon Valley are bustling hubs of development and testing. But ask those involved in self-driving vehicles when we might actually see them carrying passengers in every city, and you'll get an almost universal answer: Not anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723058/will-self-driving-cars-put-us-in-transportation-heaven-or-hell\">Will Self-Driving Cars Put Us in Transportation Heaven or Hell?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723058/will-self-driving-cars-put-us-in-transportation-heaven-or-hell\">\u003cimg class=\"\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/RS8358_152766339-1020x711.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"389\" height=\"271\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>An optimistic assessment is 10 years. Many others say decades as researchers try to conquer a number of obstacles. The vehicles themselves will debut in limited, well-mapped areas within cities and spread outward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657306/police-release-video-of-fatal-crash-involving-uber-self-driving-car\">fatal crash in Arizona\u003c/a> involving an Uber autonomous vehicle in March slowed progress, largely because it hurt the public's perception of the safety of vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies slowed research to be more careful. Google's Waymo, for instance, decided not to launch a fully autonomous ride-hailing service in the Phoenix area and will rely on human backup drivers to ferry passengers, at least for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the problems that researchers must overcome to start giving rides without humans behind the wheel:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Snow and Weather\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When it's heavy enough to cover the pavement, snow blocks the view of lane lines that vehicle cameras use to find their way. Researchers so far haven't figured out a way around this. That's why much of the testing is done in warm-weather climates such as Arizona and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heavy snow, rain, fog and sandstorms can obstruct the view of cameras. Light beams sent out by laser sensors can bounce off snowflakes and think they are obstacles. Radar can see through the weather, but it doesn't show the shape of an object needed for computers to figure out what it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933667/should-self-driving-cars-have-ethics\">Should Self-Driving Cars Have Ethics?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933667/should-self-driving-cars-have-ethics\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-843272498-80183887af24176749966ee5ee5cd0e22bf46cf5-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It's like losing part of your vision,\" says Raj Rajkumar, an electrical and computer engineering professor at Carnegie Mellon University.\u003cbr>\nResearchers are working on laser sensors that use a different light beam wavelength to see through snowflakes, said Greg McGuire, director of the MCity autonomous vehicle testing lab at the University of Michigan. Software also is being developed so vehicles can differentiate between real obstacles and snowflakes, rain, fog, and other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many companies are still trying to master the difficult task of driving on a clear day with steady traction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once we are able to have a system reliably perform in those, then we'll start working toward expanding to those more challenging conditions,\" said Noah Zych, Uber's head of system safety for self-driving cars.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Pavement Lines and Curbs\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Across the globe, roadway marking lines are different, or they may not even exist. Lane lines aren't standardized, so vehicles have to learn how to drive differently in each city. Sometimes there aren't any curbs to help vehicles judge lane width.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, in Pittsburgh's industrial \"Strip District,\" where many self-driving vehicles are tested, the city draws lines across the narrow lanes to mark where vehicles should stop for stop signs. Sometimes the lines are so far back and buildings are so close to the street that autonomous cars can't see traffic on the cross street if they stop at the line. One workaround is to program vehicles to stop for the line and creep forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is it better to do a double stop?\" asked Pete Rander, president of Argo AI, an autonomous vehicle company in which Ford has invested heavily. \"Since intersections vary, it's not that easy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dealing With Human Drivers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For many years, autonomous vehicles will have to deal with humans who don't always play by the rules. They double-park or walk in front of cars. Recently in Pittsburgh, an Argo backup driver had to take over when his car stopped during a right turn, blocking an intersection when it couldn't immediately decide whether to go around a double-parked delivery truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668523/distracted-autopilot\">Mark Fiore: Distracted Autopilot\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668523/distracted-autopilot\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/distracted_051518_final-1180x753.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Even if the car might eventually figure something out, it's shared space, and it's socially unacceptable\" to block traffic, Rander said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans also make eye contact with other drivers to make sure they're looking in the right direction, something still being developed for autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add to that the antagonism that some feel toward robots. People have reportedly been harassing Waymo's autonomous test vehicles near Phoenix. The Arizona Republic reported in December that police is suburban Chandler have documented at least 21 cases in the past two years, including a man waiving a gun at a Waymo van and people who slashed tires and threw rocks. One Jeep forced the vans off the road six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Left Turns\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Deciding when to turn left in front of oncoming traffic without a green arrow is one of the more difficult tasks for human drivers and one that causes many crashes. Autonomous vehicles have the same trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think the things that humans have challenges with, we're challenged with as well.'\u003ccite>Waymo CEO John Krafcik\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waymo CEO John Krafcik said in a recent interview that his company's vehicles are still encountering occasional problems at intersections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the things that humans have challenges with, we're challenged with as well,\" he said. \"So sometimes unprotected lefts are super challenging for a human, sometimes they're super challenging for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Consumer Acceptance\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The fatal Uber crash near Phoenix last year did more than push the pause button on testing. It also rattled consumers who someday will be asked to ride in self-driving vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658245/arizona-suspends-ubers-self-driving-vehicle-testing-after-fatal-crash\">Uber Won't Seek California Permit Renewal to Test Self-Driving Vehicles After Fatal Crash\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658245/arizona-suspends-ubers-self-driving-vehicle-testing-after-fatal-crash\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/ntsb-uber-ff64f5bdd733572617aece2b246b2f335d0c9033-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Surveys taken after the Uber crash showed that drivers are reluctant to give up control to a computer. One by AAA found that 73 percent of American drivers would be too fearful to ride in a fully self-driving vehicle. That's up from 63 percent in late 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autonomous vehicle companies are showing test passengers information on screens about where the vehicles are headed and what its sensors are seeing. The more people ride, the more they trust the vehicles, says Waymo's Krafcik.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After they become more and more confident they rarely look at the screens, and they're on their phones or relaxing or sleeping,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Can't Gather Users' Data From Other Websites, German Antitrust Office Says",
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"content": "\u003cp>Germany's antitrust agency is hitting Facebook with \"far-reaching restrictions\" on the social media network's practice of merging its users' data gleaned from WhatsApp, Instagram and millions of third-party websites and apps. The decision can be appealed; if it stands, it would force Facebook to add more ways for its users to protect their privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the authority's assessment, Facebook's conduct represents above all a so-called exploitative abuse,\" said the Bundeskartellamt, or Federal Cartel Office. Andreas Mundt, the office's president, said on Thursday that Facebook \"was able to build a unique database for each individual user and thus to gain market power.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook did that, Mundt's office said, by compiling data from its website, apps and Facebook-owned services — along with seemingly any website that has Facebook's \"Like\" or \"Share\" buttons, or a Facebook login box built into their pages. Even if a website has no visible signs of a link to Facebook, it could still send user data to the company by using the Facebook Analytics service in the background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are subject to the data tracking, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Publikation/EN/Pressemitteilungen/2019/07_02_2019_Facebook_FAQs.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5\">the German agency said\u003c/a>, \"even if users have blocked web tracking in their browser or device settings.\" It added that the integration of Facebook interfaces also allows the company to track people's online behavior, \"even if they are not logged into or registered with Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through those practices, Facebook has been able to build profiles of its users that are far more complete than if it relied solely on recording their activities within the social network. And it was done, Mundt said, without users providing their voluntary and affirmative consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"German authorities called it an abuse of Facebook's market dominance and ordered the social network to restrict the practice and stop it completely within a year,\" NPR's Daniel Estrin reports for the NPR Newscast unit from Berlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watchdog's order stems from a roughly three-year investigation. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2019/02/bundeskartellamt-order/\">Facebook says it disagrees\u003c/a> with the order and will appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Popularity is not dominance,\" the company said, accusing the Federal Cartel Office of underestimating \"the fierce competition we face in Germany\" and failing to recognize how Facebook complies with Europe's General Data Protection Regulation, which took effect last spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Cartel Office says Facebook's subsidiaries such as WhatsApp and Instagram can continue to collect data, but the information cannot be merged with Facebook users' profiles unless they have given their voluntary consent. It's also calling on Facebook to change its terms of service, calling them overly broad and inappropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not enough, Mundt said, for Facebook to require that consent as part of its terms of service. Instead, he said, its German users must be allowed to opt out of data collecting and processing while still using Facebook's network and services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook also said that its practice of merging its users' information across platforms and sites allows it both to improve its service and to \"protect people's safety.\" As an example, it cited \"identifying abusive behavior and disabling accounts tied to terrorism, child exploitation and election interference across both Facebook and Instagram.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. tech giant has one month to lodge an appeal with the Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court. If the Federal Cartel Office's decision stands, Facebook would be required to lay out a plan for implementing the new restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been under increasing scrutiny for its approach to user privacy and data collection, from sharing information with the Cambridge Analytica data firm in the lead-up to the 2016 U.S. presidential election to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/05/673748642/facebook-execs-seen-discussing-data-privacy-competitors-in-leaked-documents\">refusal to share users' data \u003c/a>with competitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Germany's antitrust agency is hitting Facebook with \"far-reaching restrictions\" on the social media network's practice of merging its users' data gleaned from WhatsApp, Instagram and millions of third-party websites and apps. The decision can be appealed; if it stands, it would force Facebook to add more ways for its users to protect their privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the authority's assessment, Facebook's conduct represents above all a so-called exploitative abuse,\" said the Bundeskartellamt, or Federal Cartel Office. Andreas Mundt, the office's president, said on Thursday that Facebook \"was able to build a unique database for each individual user and thus to gain market power.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook did that, Mundt's office said, by compiling data from its website, apps and Facebook-owned services — along with seemingly any website that has Facebook's \"Like\" or \"Share\" buttons, or a Facebook login box built into their pages. Even if a website has no visible signs of a link to Facebook, it could still send user data to the company by using the Facebook Analytics service in the background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are subject to the data tracking, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Publikation/EN/Pressemitteilungen/2019/07_02_2019_Facebook_FAQs.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5\">the German agency said\u003c/a>, \"even if users have blocked web tracking in their browser or device settings.\" It added that the integration of Facebook interfaces also allows the company to track people's online behavior, \"even if they are not logged into or registered with Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through those practices, Facebook has been able to build profiles of its users that are far more complete than if it relied solely on recording their activities within the social network. And it was done, Mundt said, without users providing their voluntary and affirmative consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"German authorities called it an abuse of Facebook's market dominance and ordered the social network to restrict the practice and stop it completely within a year,\" NPR's Daniel Estrin reports for the NPR Newscast unit from Berlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watchdog's order stems from a roughly three-year investigation. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2019/02/bundeskartellamt-order/\">Facebook says it disagrees\u003c/a> with the order and will appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Popularity is not dominance,\" the company said, accusing the Federal Cartel Office of underestimating \"the fierce competition we face in Germany\" and failing to recognize how Facebook complies with Europe's General Data Protection Regulation, which took effect last spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Cartel Office says Facebook's subsidiaries such as WhatsApp and Instagram can continue to collect data, but the information cannot be merged with Facebook users' profiles unless they have given their voluntary consent. It's also calling on Facebook to change its terms of service, calling them overly broad and inappropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not enough, Mundt said, for Facebook to require that consent as part of its terms of service. Instead, he said, its German users must be allowed to opt out of data collecting and processing while still using Facebook's network and services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook also said that its practice of merging its users' information across platforms and sites allows it both to improve its service and to \"protect people's safety.\" As an example, it cited \"identifying abusive behavior and disabling accounts tied to terrorism, child exploitation and election interference across both Facebook and Instagram.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. tech giant has one month to lodge an appeal with the Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court. If the Federal Cartel Office's decision stands, Facebook would be required to lay out a plan for implementing the new restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been under increasing scrutiny for its approach to user privacy and data collection, from sharing information with the Cambridge Analytica data firm in the lead-up to the 2016 U.S. presidential election to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/05/673748642/facebook-execs-seen-discussing-data-privacy-competitors-in-leaked-documents\">refusal to share users' data \u003c/a>with competitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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