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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>South by Southwest is wrapping up, and in the past few years what started as a music festival has morphed into \u003cem>the\u003c/em> place to launch tech products. But this year there wasn't a lot of buzz, so I wanted to know if that's still the case. I posed the question to Steve Henn, who was in Austin. He's a tech reporter and co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://60db.co/\" target=\"_blank\">60dB\u003c/a>, a podcast and personalized radio app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='250'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/312569307&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/312569307'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a small rally near the state Capitol recently, Juan Aguilar stood among a group of people waving large American and Mexican flags. They were taking part in the national \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/16/a-day-without-immigrants-promises-a-national-strike-thursday/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Day Without Immigrants demonstrations\u003c/a> to protest against increased federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar recently moved to Sacramento from Fresno, where he was born. He’s a U.S. citizen, but most of his family, including his dad, are undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My father, he travels a lot — San Diego, Fresno, Sacramento, L.A. — all over,” he says. “All he’s trying to do is have enough money to support all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is worried his dad might somehow draw the attention of immigration officials. Anyone who interacts with state government — getting a driver’s license, paying state taxes or registering to vote, for example — turns over personal information to the state government. And many in the Latino community are getting nervous as the Trump administration begins cracking down on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/03/2017-03-17a-tcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SenateChambers-768x509.jpg\" Title=\"California Weighs Shielding Personal Data From Federal Reach\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California legislators are fighting back with several bills meant to protect personal data collected by the state. State Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Long Beach) says privacy is especially important for groups that might be targeted by the federal government, including immigrants or Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We have to be very vigilant… in terms of ensuring that our immigrant community’s information is going to be kept here in California and it’s not going to be shared with the federal government.’\u003ccite>State Sen. Ricardo Lara\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have to move quickly to protect the data that we have in terms of folks that have trusted in our state government to be able to offer critical services that are important to them,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara has introduced two bills aimed at better protecting the data gathered while applying for state services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 244\u003c/a> would prohibit state agencies from using personal information for anything beyond what’s needed to process an application. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 31\u003c/a> would block state and local governments from participating in any effort to establish a registry of Muslims or any other religion. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a> from Senate leader Kevin de León would prohibit state and local law enforcement agencies from using their resources for immigration enforcement purposes. Lara says California can’t afford to wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be very vigilant and we have to be ahead of the game in terms of ensuring that our immigrant community’s information is going to be kept here in California and it’s not going to be shared with the federal government,” Lara says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republicans say Democrats are just sowing fear as part of an effort to undermine President Trump. Riverside County state Sen. Jeff Stone recently suggested as much while the Senate debated a resolution condemning increased federal immigration actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Senate resolution is just another piece of feel-good rant that scores political points with a few and panders to the increasing fear and anxiety of many,” Stone says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil liberties groups acknowledge many state systems already have confidentiality clauses in place. And \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Constitution\u003c/a> also contains a right to privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Jill Bronfman, with the \u003ca href=\"http://innovation.uchastings.edu/focus-areas/privacy-and-technology/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Privacy and Technology Project\u003c/a> at UC Hastings College of the Law, believes it may be time for the state to get creative in applying current laws if the federal government tries tapping into state databases. For instance, Bronfman says, California could expand protections for victims of domestic violence to include people targeted by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can you be threatened or stalked by the federal government? Is deportation to a war zone or certain gender violence a sufficient threat to be protected by this program?” she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bronfman says California has always been at the forefront of privacy law. But she says things are happening quickly at the federal level and the state needs to be ready.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At a small rally near the state Capitol recently, Juan Aguilar stood among a group of people waving large American and Mexican flags. They were taking part in the national \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/16/a-day-without-immigrants-promises-a-national-strike-thursday/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Day Without Immigrants demonstrations\u003c/a> to protest against increased federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar recently moved to Sacramento from Fresno, where he was born. He’s a U.S. citizen, but most of his family, including his dad, are undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My father, he travels a lot — San Diego, Fresno, Sacramento, L.A. — all over,” he says. “All he’s trying to do is have enough money to support all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar is worried his dad might somehow draw the attention of immigration officials. Anyone who interacts with state government — getting a driver’s license, paying state taxes or registering to vote, for example — turns over personal information to the state government. And many in the Latino community are getting nervous as the Trump administration begins cracking down on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California legislators are fighting back with several bills meant to protect personal data collected by the state. State Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Long Beach) says privacy is especially important for groups that might be targeted by the federal government, including immigrants or Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We have to be very vigilant… in terms of ensuring that our immigrant community’s information is going to be kept here in California and it’s not going to be shared with the federal government.’\u003ccite>State Sen. Ricardo Lara\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have to move quickly to protect the data that we have in terms of folks that have trusted in our state government to be able to offer critical services that are important to them,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara has introduced two bills aimed at better protecting the data gathered while applying for state services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 244\u003c/a> would prohibit state agencies from using personal information for anything beyond what’s needed to process an application. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 31\u003c/a> would block state and local governments from participating in any effort to establish a registry of Muslims or any other religion. \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a> from Senate leader Kevin de León would prohibit state and local law enforcement agencies from using their resources for immigration enforcement purposes. Lara says California can’t afford to wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be very vigilant and we have to be ahead of the game in terms of ensuring that our immigrant community’s information is going to be kept here in California and it’s not going to be shared with the federal government,” Lara says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republicans say Democrats are just sowing fear as part of an effort to undermine President Trump. Riverside County state Sen. Jeff Stone recently suggested as much while the Senate debated a resolution condemning increased federal immigration actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Senate resolution is just another piece of feel-good rant that scores political points with a few and panders to the increasing fear and anxiety of many,” Stone says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil liberties groups acknowledge many state systems already have confidentiality clauses in place. And \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&division=&title=&part=&chapter=&article=I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Constitution\u003c/a> also contains a right to privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Jill Bronfman, with the \u003ca href=\"http://innovation.uchastings.edu/focus-areas/privacy-and-technology/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Privacy and Technology Project\u003c/a> at UC Hastings College of the Law, believes it may be time for the state to get creative in applying current laws if the federal government tries tapping into state databases. For instance, Bronfman says, California could expand protections for victims of domestic violence to include people targeted by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can you be threatened or stalked by the federal government? Is deportation to a war zone or certain gender violence a sufficient threat to be protected by this program?” she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bronfman says California has always been at the forefront of privacy law. But she says things are happening quickly at the federal level and the state needs to be ready.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "U.S. Indicts 2 Russian Security Officials Over Yahoo Hack",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Justice Department has announced charges against four people, including two Russian security officials, over cybercrimes linked to a massive hack of millions of Yahoo user accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the defendants — Dmitry Dokuchaev and his superior, Igor Sushchin — are officers of the Russian Federal Security Service, or FSB. According to court documents, they hired two criminal hackers, Alexsey Belan and Karim Baratov, to access information that has intelligence value. Belan also allegedly used the information obtained for his personal financial gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The criminal conduct at issue, carried out and otherwise facilitated by officers from an FSB unit that serves as the FBI's point of contact in Moscow on cybercrime matters, is beyond the pale,\" Acting Assistant Attorney General \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/us-charges-russian-fsb-officers-and-their-criminal-conspirators-hacking-yahoo-and-millions\">Mary McCord said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, Baratov was arrested in Canada. NPR's Greg Myre reports that the U.S. plans to seek his extradition, and that three other defendants are in Russia, which has no extradition treaty with the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive hack against at least 500 million Yahoo user accounts happened in 2014. The company \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/22/495056961/yahoo-inc-confirms-data-from-at-least-500-million-users-was-stolen\">publicly acknowledged\u003c/a> the breach last September, saying at the time that a \"state-sponsored actor\" may have been responsible, without naming any foreign government. This prompted an investigation by U.S. authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11360628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11360628\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/twoposters_custom-a2bf3ff107b1dd0e1b9f738713bb1b4506df24d4-1020x679.png\" alt='Both Alexsey Belan (L) and Dmitry Dokuchaev (R) were included in the series of \"wanted\" posters for Russians accused of cyber crimes Wednesday.' width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Both Alexsey Belan (L) and Dmitry Dokuchaev (R) were included in the series of \"wanted\" posters for Russians accused of cybercrimes Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of FBI)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Months later, Yahoo revealed an even larger hacking incident impacting more than 1 billion accounts that occurred in 2013, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/16/515568599/yahoo-warns-more-users-that-their-private-information-may-have-been-stolen\">as we reported\u003c/a>. It's not clear whether the two breaches are related. The company has also indicated in regulatory filings that forged cookies might have been used to access user accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's charges are also distinct from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/06/508568241/putin-ordered-influence-campaign-to-help-trump-u-s-intelligence-report-says\">U.S. intelligence community's conclusion\u003c/a> that Russia launched an \"influence campaign\" in order to help President Trump win the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have also recently charged individuals from China and Iran over hacking allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/04/496452974/doj-national-security-chief-not-afraid-to-impose-consequences-on-hackers\">NPR's Carrie Johnson reported\u003c/a>, in 2014 the Department of Justice \"charged five uniformed members of Unit 61398 of the People's Liberation Army of China with stealing secrets from American business competitors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/24/471731469/u-s-indicts-7-iranians-accused-of-hacking-u-s-financial-institutions\">federal officials indicted\u003c/a> seven hackers with links to the Iranian government for cyberattacks. \"Court papers said the intruders attacked the web sites of dozens of major U.S. banks and breached controls at a dam in Rye, N.Y., raising alarms about safeguards in American infrastructure,\" Carrie wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+Indicts+2+Russian+Security+Officials+Over+Yahoo+Hack&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Justice Department has announced charges against four people, including two Russian security officials, over cybercrimes linked to a massive hack of millions of Yahoo user accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the defendants — Dmitry Dokuchaev and his superior, Igor Sushchin — are officers of the Russian Federal Security Service, or FSB. According to court documents, they hired two criminal hackers, Alexsey Belan and Karim Baratov, to access information that has intelligence value. Belan also allegedly used the information obtained for his personal financial gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The criminal conduct at issue, carried out and otherwise facilitated by officers from an FSB unit that serves as the FBI's point of contact in Moscow on cybercrime matters, is beyond the pale,\" Acting Assistant Attorney General \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/us-charges-russian-fsb-officers-and-their-criminal-conspirators-hacking-yahoo-and-millions\">Mary McCord said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, Baratov was arrested in Canada. NPR's Greg Myre reports that the U.S. plans to seek his extradition, and that three other defendants are in Russia, which has no extradition treaty with the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive hack against at least 500 million Yahoo user accounts happened in 2014. The company \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/22/495056961/yahoo-inc-confirms-data-from-at-least-500-million-users-was-stolen\">publicly acknowledged\u003c/a> the breach last September, saying at the time that a \"state-sponsored actor\" may have been responsible, without naming any foreign government. This prompted an investigation by U.S. authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11360628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11360628\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/twoposters_custom-a2bf3ff107b1dd0e1b9f738713bb1b4506df24d4-1020x679.png\" alt='Both Alexsey Belan (L) and Dmitry Dokuchaev (R) were included in the series of \"wanted\" posters for Russians accused of cyber crimes Wednesday.' width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Both Alexsey Belan (L) and Dmitry Dokuchaev (R) were included in the series of \"wanted\" posters for Russians accused of cybercrimes Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of FBI)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Months later, Yahoo revealed an even larger hacking incident impacting more than 1 billion accounts that occurred in 2013, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/16/515568599/yahoo-warns-more-users-that-their-private-information-may-have-been-stolen\">as we reported\u003c/a>. It's not clear whether the two breaches are related. The company has also indicated in regulatory filings that forged cookies might have been used to access user accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's charges are also distinct from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/06/508568241/putin-ordered-influence-campaign-to-help-trump-u-s-intelligence-report-says\">U.S. intelligence community's conclusion\u003c/a> that Russia launched an \"influence campaign\" in order to help President Trump win the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have also recently charged individuals from China and Iran over hacking allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/04/496452974/doj-national-security-chief-not-afraid-to-impose-consequences-on-hackers\">NPR's Carrie Johnson reported\u003c/a>, in 2014 the Department of Justice \"charged five uniformed members of Unit 61398 of the People's Liberation Army of China with stealing secrets from American business competitors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/24/471731469/u-s-indicts-7-iranians-accused-of-hacking-u-s-financial-institutions\">federal officials indicted\u003c/a> seven hackers with links to the Iranian government for cyberattacks. \"Court papers said the intruders attacked the web sites of dozens of major U.S. banks and breached controls at a dam in Rye, N.Y., raising alarms about safeguards in American infrastructure,\" Carrie wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+Indicts+2+Russian+Security+Officials+Over+Yahoo+Hack&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Cars with no steering wheel, no pedals and nobody at all inside could be driving themselves on California roads by the end of the year, under proposed new rules that would give a powerful boost to the technology from the nation’s most populous state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past several years, tech companies and automakers have been testing self-driving cars on California’s roads. But regulators insisted that those vehicles have steering wheels, foot controls and human backup drivers who could take over in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, the state Department of Motor Vehicles proposed rules that would open the way for truly driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the rules, testing of such cars could begin by the end of 2017, and a limited number could become available to customers as early as 2018 — provided the federal government gives the necessary permission. Currently, federal automobile standards require steering wheels, though Washington has shown a desire to encourage the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed rules amount to the most detailed regulatory framework of any state and represent a major advance for the industry, given California’s size, its clout as the nation’s biggest car market and its longtime role as a cultural trendsetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules are subject to a public hearing and a comment period, and could change. Regulators hope to put them in effect by December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal released Friday is more than two years overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one important change from prior drafts, once a manufacturer declares its technology is road-ready, it can put the cars on the market. That self-certification approach mirrors how federal officials regulate standard cars, and it represents a big victory for such major players as Waymo, as Google has rebranded its self-driving car project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed California regulations, any driverless car still must be remotely monitored and able to pull itself over safely in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology for truly driverless cars of the future already is here — more than a year ago, a Waymo prototype with no steering wheel or pedals drove a blind man on city streets in Texas. Supporters say the cars may one day be far safer than those with humans at the wheel, since they won’t drive distracted, drunk or drowsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the more than two years of road testing in California, self-driving cars with human backup drivers are believed to have caused just a few collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, Waymo reported that during the 424,331 miles its cars had driven themselves, a driver intervened 11 times to avoid a collision. In an update earlier this year, Waymo said its fleet had driven 636,868 miles in autonomous mode; it did not say how many crashes were avoided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 27 companies have Department of Motor Vehicles permits to test on California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other states, Waymo was able to legally put its prototype on the road in Texas because state law there does not prohibit a fully driverless car. Other states have explicitly invited the technology onto its roads, including Michigan, whose governor signed a bill in December that allows the public testing of cars with no driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the industry has been lobbying the U.S. Transportation Department and Congress for rule changes that could speed the introduction of truly driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Contact Justin Pritchard at https://twitter.com/lalanewsman.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Cars with no steering wheel, no pedals and nobody at all inside could be driving themselves on California roads by the end of the year, under proposed new rules that would give a powerful boost to the technology from the nation’s most populous state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past several years, tech companies and automakers have been testing self-driving cars on California’s roads. But regulators insisted that those vehicles have steering wheels, foot controls and human backup drivers who could take over in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, the state Department of Motor Vehicles proposed rules that would open the way for truly driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the rules, testing of such cars could begin by the end of 2017, and a limited number could become available to customers as early as 2018 — provided the federal government gives the necessary permission. Currently, federal automobile standards require steering wheels, though Washington has shown a desire to encourage the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed rules amount to the most detailed regulatory framework of any state and represent a major advance for the industry, given California’s size, its clout as the nation’s biggest car market and its longtime role as a cultural trendsetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules are subject to a public hearing and a comment period, and could change. Regulators hope to put them in effect by December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal released Friday is more than two years overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one important change from prior drafts, once a manufacturer declares its technology is road-ready, it can put the cars on the market. That self-certification approach mirrors how federal officials regulate standard cars, and it represents a big victory for such major players as Waymo, as Google has rebranded its self-driving car project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed California regulations, any driverless car still must be remotely monitored and able to pull itself over safely in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology for truly driverless cars of the future already is here — more than a year ago, a Waymo prototype with no steering wheel or pedals drove a blind man on city streets in Texas. Supporters say the cars may one day be far safer than those with humans at the wheel, since they won’t drive distracted, drunk or drowsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the more than two years of road testing in California, self-driving cars with human backup drivers are believed to have caused just a few collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, Waymo reported that during the 424,331 miles its cars had driven themselves, a driver intervened 11 times to avoid a collision. In an update earlier this year, Waymo said its fleet had driven 636,868 miles in autonomous mode; it did not say how many crashes were avoided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 27 companies have Department of Motor Vehicles permits to test on California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other states, Waymo was able to legally put its prototype on the road in Texas because state law there does not prohibit a fully driverless car. Other states have explicitly invited the technology onto its roads, including Michigan, whose governor signed a bill in December that allows the public testing of cars with no driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the industry has been lobbying the U.S. Transportation Department and Congress for rule changes that could speed the introduction of truly driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Contact Justin Pritchard at https://twitter.com/lalanewsman.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Uber says it's banning the use of a software technique that company employees reportedly used to identify and block regulators in the United States and overseas who were attempting to enforce local taxi laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\" target=\"_blank\">announcement on Wednesday\u003c/a> came six days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\" target=\"_blank\">the New York Times exposed\u003c/a> the existence of the technique, involving software called Greyball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper detailed how Greyball was used as part of a wide-ranging effort to identify local officials in jurisdictions where the company was not authorized to operate and then thwart their enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, which based its account on information from four former and current Uber employees, said the company went to great lengths to detect accounts that might be associated with regulators. Those measures included monitoring users who frequently opened and closed the Uber app near government buildings, examining users' credit card information and social media profiles, and even trying to identify cellphones that officials had bought in large quantities as part of sting operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once suspected regulators were identified, the Times said, the Greyball software would respond to their ride requests by serving up a fake version of the Uber app that would show that no cars were available or display a fleet of ghost cars that would never arrive. In the event a ride request was answered by a real Uber driver, the company would intervene to cancel the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said in a statement in response to last week's Times story that greyballing had been used to protect drivers against physical harm, to foil competitors seeking to disrupt its operations, and against \"opponents who collude with officials on secret ‘stings’ meant to entrap drivers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's statement Wednesday, issued by Chief Security Officer Joe Sullivan, expanded on that explanation but did not explicitly acknowledge that it was Uber's policy to use the technique against regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have started a review of the different ways this technology has been used to date,\" Sullivan wrote. \"In addition, we are expressly prohibiting its use to target action by local regulators going forward. Given the way our systems are configured, it will take some time to ensure this prohibition is fully enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that Uber has targeted regulators in Boston, Paris and Las Vegas, among other cities, as well as a litany of countries that include Australia, China, Italy and South Korea. Officials in two jurisdictions -- Portland, Oregon, and the Netherlands -- have called for an investigation of Uber's greyballing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has Uber's use of greyball to beat regulators been legal? Here's what the Times offered on that question last week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Outside legal specialists said they were uncertain about the legality of the program. Greyball could be considered a violation of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, or possibly intentional obstruction of justice, depending on local laws and jurisdictions, said Peter Henning, a law professor at Wayne State University who also writes for The New York Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With any type of systematic thwarting of the law, you’re flirting with disaster,” Professor Henning said. “We all take our foot off the gas when we see the police car at the intersection up ahead, and there’s nothing wrong with that. But this goes far beyond avoiding a speed trap.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Uber says it's banning the use of a software technique that company employees reportedly used to identify and block regulators in the United States and overseas who were attempting to enforce local taxi laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\" target=\"_blank\">announcement on Wednesday\u003c/a> came six days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\" target=\"_blank\">the New York Times exposed\u003c/a> the existence of the technique, involving software called Greyball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper detailed how Greyball was used as part of a wide-ranging effort to identify local officials in jurisdictions where the company was not authorized to operate and then thwart their enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, which based its account on information from four former and current Uber employees, said the company went to great lengths to detect accounts that might be associated with regulators. Those measures included monitoring users who frequently opened and closed the Uber app near government buildings, examining users' credit card information and social media profiles, and even trying to identify cellphones that officials had bought in large quantities as part of sting operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once suspected regulators were identified, the Times said, the Greyball software would respond to their ride requests by serving up a fake version of the Uber app that would show that no cars were available or display a fleet of ghost cars that would never arrive. In the event a ride request was answered by a real Uber driver, the company would intervene to cancel the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said in a statement in response to last week's Times story that greyballing had been used to protect drivers against physical harm, to foil competitors seeking to disrupt its operations, and against \"opponents who collude with officials on secret ‘stings’ meant to entrap drivers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's statement Wednesday, issued by Chief Security Officer Joe Sullivan, expanded on that explanation but did not explicitly acknowledge that it was Uber's policy to use the technique against regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have started a review of the different ways this technology has been used to date,\" Sullivan wrote. \"In addition, we are expressly prohibiting its use to target action by local regulators going forward. Given the way our systems are configured, it will take some time to ensure this prohibition is fully enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that Uber has targeted regulators in Boston, Paris and Las Vegas, among other cities, as well as a litany of countries that include Australia, China, Italy and South Korea. Officials in two jurisdictions -- Portland, Oregon, and the Netherlands -- have called for an investigation of Uber's greyballing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has Uber's use of greyball to beat regulators been legal? Here's what the Times offered on that question last week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Outside legal specialists said they were uncertain about the legality of the program. Greyball could be considered a violation of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, or possibly intentional obstruction of justice, depending on local laws and jurisdictions, said Peter Henning, a law professor at Wayne State University who also writes for The New York Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With any type of systematic thwarting of the law, you’re flirting with disaster,” Professor Henning said. “We all take our foot off the gas when we see the police car at the intersection up ahead, and there’s nothing wrong with that. But this goes far beyond avoiding a speed trap.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Uber's self-driving cars will return to California's roads, though the ride-hailing company doesn't immediately plan to use them to pick up passengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Motor Vehicles announced Wednesday that it had granted the San Francisco-based company a permit to test two Volvo SUVs on public roads. Regulators also approved 48 people as backup drivers who must sit behind the wheel in case the prototype cars malfunction, agency spokeswoman Jessica Gonzalez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit resolves a conflict dating to December. That's when Uber — an aggressive player in the race to bring the self-driving technology to the market — rolled out a pilot program in San Francisco. The DMV revoked the registrations for 16 Uber vehicles, shutting down the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber knew about the DMV's requirement to receive permission before testing in public, but the company argued that its cars do not meet the state's definition of an \"autonomous vehicle\" because they need a person to monitor them and intervene if needed. That argument raised eyebrows both among regulators and other companies with similar technology that did get permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program caught the state and San Francisco officials off guard. Amid a showdown that last several days, during which one self-driving Uber SUV \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/_CdJ4oae8f4\" target=\"_blank\">drove through a red light\u003c/a> on Third Street and the vehicles' software reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/24/technology/anthony-levandowski-waymo-uber-google-lawsuit.html\" target=\"_blank\">failed to recognize stoplights\u003c/a> on several other occasions, the California Attorney General's Office threatened to haul Uber before a judge if the cars were not curbed immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/_CdJ4oae8f4\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber responded by packing up its cars for Arizona, where it began picking up passengers last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber said in a statement Wednesday that it does not plan to ferry paying passengers in California for now, as it does in Pittsburgh and a Phoenix suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/03/ubers-change-of-heart-company-seeking-dmv-permit-for-self-driving-cars/\" target=\"_blank\">the company said\u003c/a> the DMV had restored registrations for two of its self-driving vehicles -- presumably the same ones granted permits this week -- and that those vehicles were being operated under human control in San Francisco as part of a mapping project to aid its autonomous car project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spokesperson said the company plans to resume self-driving operations in San Francisco at some point, but has no set timetable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the approval, Uber becomes the 26th company to have a self-driving car testing permit in California.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nDan Brekke of KQED News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Uber's self-driving cars will return to California's roads, though the ride-hailing company doesn't immediately plan to use them to pick up passengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Motor Vehicles announced Wednesday that it had granted the San Francisco-based company a permit to test two Volvo SUVs on public roads. Regulators also approved 48 people as backup drivers who must sit behind the wheel in case the prototype cars malfunction, agency spokeswoman Jessica Gonzalez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit resolves a conflict dating to December. That's when Uber — an aggressive player in the race to bring the self-driving technology to the market — rolled out a pilot program in San Francisco. The DMV revoked the registrations for 16 Uber vehicles, shutting down the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber knew about the DMV's requirement to receive permission before testing in public, but the company argued that its cars do not meet the state's definition of an \"autonomous vehicle\" because they need a person to monitor them and intervene if needed. That argument raised eyebrows both among regulators and other companies with similar technology that did get permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program caught the state and San Francisco officials off guard. Amid a showdown that last several days, during which one self-driving Uber SUV \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/_CdJ4oae8f4\" target=\"_blank\">drove through a red light\u003c/a> on Third Street and the vehicles' software reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/24/technology/anthony-levandowski-waymo-uber-google-lawsuit.html\" target=\"_blank\">failed to recognize stoplights\u003c/a> on several other occasions, the California Attorney General's Office threatened to haul Uber before a judge if the cars were not curbed immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Telehealth takes a lot of forms these days\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span>consultations with a doctor by video, phone or text; an appointment through the web or a mobile app. The one commonality: You get to interact with a health care provider from anywhere\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span>your home, the office, Starbucks. Virtual consultations can mean you don’t have to schlep across town, sit in the waiting room, and leaf through a year-old Time magazine article as prelude to a short visit with your doc.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'When you make services that are convenient, it’s an ‘If you build it, they will come' kind of thing.'\u003ccite> Lori Uscher-Pines,\u003cbr>\nRAND Corporation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Telehealth appointments are less expensive because the companies offering these services contract with doctors who are paid by the visit, and the companies themselves have little of the overhead necessary in a typical medical office, says Lori Uscher-Pines, a health policy researcher with the RAND Corporation. That means telehealth should theoretically save money for patients, employers and insurance companies -- the entire health care ecosystem. At least this is what telehealth companies claim. But now a \u003ca href=\"http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/36/3/485.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> from RAND, published Monday in \u003cem>Health Affairs\u003c/em>, says this isn't the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study found that using telehealth for treatment of acute respiratory illnesses increased total annual spending, which the researchers defined as costs to insurers and out-of-pocket payments by patients, by $45 per telehealth user.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because 88 percent of the telehealth visits represented people who would not have gone to a doctor otherwise -- what the industry calls new utilization. Just 12 percent of the telehealth sessions, the researchers concluded, amounted to a \u003cem>substitute\u003c/em> for going to see the doc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines, a co-author of the study, says she's not surprised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you make services that are convenient, it’s an ‘If you build it, they will come' kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines says patients using telehealth for respiratory infections would likely not have gone to a doctor if the service had not been available. Rather, they would self-treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You sit at home, you watch Netflix, you take Tylenol,\" Pines says. \"But now because of these kind of services that are so easy to access, you have a visit that would not have otherwise occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is the fourth on telehealth funded by the California Health Care Foundation. Researchers examined claims data from more than 300,000 enrollees in the Blue Shield of California HMO offered by CalPERS, the California Public Employees' Retirement System. In 2012, CalPERS began offering the telehealth appointments to selected members through Teladoc, a Texas-based public company that provides virtual appointments with licensed physicians 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You have to use [telehealth] as a more precise tool with particular populations in order to serve their needs. Don’t just go into it blindly.'\u003ccite>Melissa Buckley,\u003cbr>\nCalifornia Health Care Foundation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The current study looked at 981 people who used the Teladoc service over 18 months in 2012-13, seeking help for acute respiratory infections like bronchitis, pneumonia or sinusitis. The researchers compared these users with patients who had their acute respiratory infections treated by a doctor in-person. The focus was on this type of illness because it is the most commonly treated by direct-to-consumer telehealth providers, the researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teladoc, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.teladoc.com/businesses/save-money/\" target=\"_blank\">markets\u003c/a> its service as a cost reduction, says patient information it gathered at the time of care contradicts the findings. Courtney McLeod, the company’s director of public relations, said in an email that just 13 percent of appointments for more than 400,000 acute respiratory infection patients represented new health care utilization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is pretty much the reverse of the 88 percent new utilization that the RAND researchers found. The RAND study asserts that the discrepancies between its numbers and those of the telehealth companies on new-versus-replacement health care could be due to the companies' use of surveys, as opposed to actual utilization data. The surveyed telehealth patients, the researchers wrote, may have overestimated the likelihood of going to see a doctor as opposed to not acting at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers did acknowledge that use of telehealth for different conditions might produce better results. One of the study’s limitations was that respiratory infections often resolve on their own. “In contrast, an increase in utilization for patients with diabetes or mental illness might be perceived as a net positive,\" the study reads. \"These are conditions that are often undertreated and for which there is clearer evidence that receiving treatment improves health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines also said there could be economic benefits from telehealth that the study didn’t capture. \"These services can be offering patients reassurance,” she said, which can positively impact employee productivity. Telehealth visits initiated from a patient's work site might also reduce absenteeism,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she said, “You have to take this with a grain of salt when a company says we’re going to prevent emergency department visits. It’s unclear whether that’s likely to happen given the fact that the literature on innovations in health care delivery frequently tells us that when you increase convenience you increase utilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Cowling, a co-author of the paper and a research scientist at CalPERS, said the study revealed the tradeoff that telehealth presents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have increased access to our members, which is a good thing. Eighty-eight percent were new utilization, so they wouldn’t have gotten care previously. Our members were seeking care and I’m sure their satisfaction with their health plan was higher.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cowling said the issue could prompt a change in the benefit when CalPERS re-examines its benefit package. He said the organization could potentially limit telehealth access to rural areas, one of the original aims of introducing the service, or tailor it to specific conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Buckley, the director of the California Health Care Foundation’s Innovation Fund, said that sort of strategic thinking may be the best bet when it comes to telehealth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you use it naively you can drive up utilization,\" she said. \"You have to use it as a more precise tool with particular populations in order to serve their needs. Don’t just go into it blindly.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Telehealth takes a lot of forms these days\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span>consultations with a doctor by video, phone or text; an appointment through the web or a mobile app. The one commonality: You get to interact with a health care provider from anywhere\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span>your home, the office, Starbucks. Virtual consultations can mean you don’t have to schlep across town, sit in the waiting room, and leaf through a year-old Time magazine article as prelude to a short visit with your doc.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'When you make services that are convenient, it’s an ‘If you build it, they will come' kind of thing.'\u003ccite> Lori Uscher-Pines,\u003cbr>\nRAND Corporation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Telehealth appointments are less expensive because the companies offering these services contract with doctors who are paid by the visit, and the companies themselves have little of the overhead necessary in a typical medical office, says Lori Uscher-Pines, a health policy researcher with the RAND Corporation. That means telehealth should theoretically save money for patients, employers and insurance companies -- the entire health care ecosystem. At least this is what telehealth companies claim. But now a \u003ca href=\"http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/36/3/485.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> from RAND, published Monday in \u003cem>Health Affairs\u003c/em>, says this isn't the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study found that using telehealth for treatment of acute respiratory illnesses increased total annual spending, which the researchers defined as costs to insurers and out-of-pocket payments by patients, by $45 per telehealth user.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because 88 percent of the telehealth visits represented people who would not have gone to a doctor otherwise -- what the industry calls new utilization. Just 12 percent of the telehealth sessions, the researchers concluded, amounted to a \u003cem>substitute\u003c/em> for going to see the doc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines, a co-author of the study, says she's not surprised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you make services that are convenient, it’s an ‘If you build it, they will come' kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines says patients using telehealth for respiratory infections would likely not have gone to a doctor if the service had not been available. Rather, they would self-treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You sit at home, you watch Netflix, you take Tylenol,\" Pines says. \"But now because of these kind of services that are so easy to access, you have a visit that would not have otherwise occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is the fourth on telehealth funded by the California Health Care Foundation. Researchers examined claims data from more than 300,000 enrollees in the Blue Shield of California HMO offered by CalPERS, the California Public Employees' Retirement System. In 2012, CalPERS began offering the telehealth appointments to selected members through Teladoc, a Texas-based public company that provides virtual appointments with licensed physicians 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You have to use [telehealth] as a more precise tool with particular populations in order to serve their needs. Don’t just go into it blindly.'\u003ccite>Melissa Buckley,\u003cbr>\nCalifornia Health Care Foundation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The current study looked at 981 people who used the Teladoc service over 18 months in 2012-13, seeking help for acute respiratory infections like bronchitis, pneumonia or sinusitis. The researchers compared these users with patients who had their acute respiratory infections treated by a doctor in-person. The focus was on this type of illness because it is the most commonly treated by direct-to-consumer telehealth providers, the researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teladoc, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.teladoc.com/businesses/save-money/\" target=\"_blank\">markets\u003c/a> its service as a cost reduction, says patient information it gathered at the time of care contradicts the findings. Courtney McLeod, the company’s director of public relations, said in an email that just 13 percent of appointments for more than 400,000 acute respiratory infection patients represented new health care utilization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is pretty much the reverse of the 88 percent new utilization that the RAND researchers found. The RAND study asserts that the discrepancies between its numbers and those of the telehealth companies on new-versus-replacement health care could be due to the companies' use of surveys, as opposed to actual utilization data. The surveyed telehealth patients, the researchers wrote, may have overestimated the likelihood of going to see a doctor as opposed to not acting at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers did acknowledge that use of telehealth for different conditions might produce better results. One of the study’s limitations was that respiratory infections often resolve on their own. “In contrast, an increase in utilization for patients with diabetes or mental illness might be perceived as a net positive,\" the study reads. \"These are conditions that are often undertreated and for which there is clearer evidence that receiving treatment improves health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uscher-Pines also said there could be economic benefits from telehealth that the study didn’t capture. \"These services can be offering patients reassurance,” she said, which can positively impact employee productivity. Telehealth visits initiated from a patient's work site might also reduce absenteeism,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she said, “You have to take this with a grain of salt when a company says we’re going to prevent emergency department visits. It’s unclear whether that’s likely to happen given the fact that the literature on innovations in health care delivery frequently tells us that when you increase convenience you increase utilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Cowling, a co-author of the paper and a research scientist at CalPERS, said the study revealed the tradeoff that telehealth presents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have increased access to our members, which is a good thing. Eighty-eight percent were new utilization, so they wouldn’t have gotten care previously. Our members were seeking care and I’m sure their satisfaction with their health plan was higher.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cowling said the issue could prompt a change in the benefit when CalPERS re-examines its benefit package. He said the organization could potentially limit telehealth access to rural areas, one of the original aims of introducing the service, or tailor it to specific conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Buckley, the director of the California Health Care Foundation’s Innovation Fund, said that sort of strategic thinking may be the best bet when it comes to telehealth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "WikiLeaks Releases What It Calls CIA Trove of Cyberespionage Documents",
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"content": "\u003cp>WikiLeaks has released thousands of files that it identifies as CIA documents related to the agency's cyberespionage tools and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents published on Tuesday include instruction manuals, support documents, notes and conversations about, among other things, efforts to exploit vulnerabilities in smartphones and turn smart TVs into listening devices. The tools appear to be designed for use against individual targets, as part of the CIA's mandate to gather foreign intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CIA spokesperson would not confirm whether the documents were genuine, telling NPR, \"We do not comment on the authenticity or content of purported intelligence documents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former CIA Director Michael Hayden told MSNBC that if Wikileaks' account was true, the document dump would be \"very, very damaging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the anti-secrecy site says there's more to come: WikiLeaks has dubbed Tuesday's release \"Year Zero,\" saying it is the first of a series of CIA-related leaks that the site is collectively calling \"Vault 7.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicholas Weaver, a computer scientist at the University of California at Berkeley, says the documents don't seem to reveal significant news about the CIA's capabilities — \"it's describing a hacking organization that's doing a reasonably good job,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \u003cem>is \u003c/em>surprising is that the documents are being published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement accompanying the document release, WikiLeaks alleges that the CIA has recently \"lost control of the majority of its hacking arsenal,\" and that an archive with \"several hundred million lines of code\" has been circulating among former government hackers. One former government hacker or contractor gave a portion of that code to WikiLeaks, according to the organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weaver calls that story \"implausible,\" and raises the possibility that someone from outside the U.S. government compromised the CIA's systems to acquire the documents. And that, he says, would be a big deal: \"Spies gonna spy, that's dog bites man. Spy dumps data on Wikileaks, proving that they exfiltrated it from a top-secret system? That's man bites dog.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of how they were acquired, the documents in the \"Year Zero\" release do not include the code for any cyberespionage programs. In its press release, Wikileaks says it is \"avoiding the distribution of \"armed' cyberweapons until a consensus emerges\" on how to analyze and disarm such weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the purported CIA documents reference and describe agency tools designed to extract information from computers, monitor communications and control electronic devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WikiLeaks says the files came from the CIA's internal Confluence system — a platform for team collaboration. They include instructions on how to use programs, and guides describing how to reduce the risk of CIA involvement being detected in a program. Some pages have comments from users whose names have been redacted, but appear to be software developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged CIA documents show techniques developed specifically for \"embedded systems\" — which the files describe, in nontechnical terms, as \"the Things in the Internet of Things.\" Think devices that don't look like computers, but use the Internet to work. For instance, one program uses a Samsung TV as a listening device, turning the microphone on while the TV appears to be off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents also appear to show techniques the CIA has used to compromise and control individual smartphones. Wikipedia notes that such tactics would allow the agency to read even encrypted communications — but Weaver says that's misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The real story on encryption is not, 'Oh my God, the CIA breaks encryption,' but that encryption is so good that the CIA has to risk $1.5 million assets to compromise a target's iPhone if they want to read his messages,\" he says, noting the high price of developing smartphone-infiltrating techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another concern about the methods that the CIA used to compromise phones. Ben Wizner, director of the ACLU Speech, Privacy and Technology Project, says the documents suggest the CIA \"deliberately maintained vulnerabilities\" in widely used devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those vulnerabilities will be exploited not just by our security agencies, but by hackers and governments around the world,\" he said in a statement. (Security consultant Tom Ritter tells NPR that according to the documents, the CIA does seem to have been aware of security vulnerabilities and not informed companies that could have fixed them.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CIA has traditionally been responsible for human espionage — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/2010-featured-story-archive/intelligence-signals-intelligence-1.html\">officially\u003c/a>, the NSA gathers \"signals intelligence\" and the CIA analyzes it. But the CIA also carries out its own cyber operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2016, then-CIA Director John Brennan \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/02/24/467711098/transcript-nprs-interview-with-cia-director-john-brennan\">spoke with NPR's Mary Louise Kelly\u003c/a> about, in part, the agency's desire to expand its cybercapabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The technological changes are taking place at a warped speed,\" he said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"So we here at CIA, we recently set up a fifth directorate for the first time in 50 years, a new directorate ... the directorate of digital innovation, so that we can understand all of the opportunities and challenges associated with that digital environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not a technological expert by any means, but I recognize that more and more human transactions and interactions take place in that cyber environment. And it profoundly affects all of our ways of life, and it affects the intelligence mission. So I want to make sure that for CIA to be able to fulfill its responsibilities in the years ahead, we understand what the pitfalls are, what the opportunities are, so that we are able to master that environment consistent with our authorities, so we can carry out our respective missions.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Pompeo, the new head of the CIA under President Trump, said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pre-hearing-011217.pdf\">written questionnaire\u003c/a> accompanying his confirmation hearing that he understood that the agency, \"upon direction from the President and working in cooperation with other agencies when appropriate, has capabilities to perform a wide [array of] actions related to all forms of cybersecurity policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WikiLeaks+Releases+What+It+Calls+CIA+Trove+Of+Cyber-Espionage+Documents&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WikiLeaks has released thousands of files that it identifies as CIA documents related to the agency's cyberespionage tools and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents published on Tuesday include instruction manuals, support documents, notes and conversations about, among other things, efforts to exploit vulnerabilities in smartphones and turn smart TVs into listening devices. The tools appear to be designed for use against individual targets, as part of the CIA's mandate to gather foreign intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CIA spokesperson would not confirm whether the documents were genuine, telling NPR, \"We do not comment on the authenticity or content of purported intelligence documents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former CIA Director Michael Hayden told MSNBC that if Wikileaks' account was true, the document dump would be \"very, very damaging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the anti-secrecy site says there's more to come: WikiLeaks has dubbed Tuesday's release \"Year Zero,\" saying it is the first of a series of CIA-related leaks that the site is collectively calling \"Vault 7.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicholas Weaver, a computer scientist at the University of California at Berkeley, says the documents don't seem to reveal significant news about the CIA's capabilities — \"it's describing a hacking organization that's doing a reasonably good job,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \u003cem>is \u003c/em>surprising is that the documents are being published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement accompanying the document release, WikiLeaks alleges that the CIA has recently \"lost control of the majority of its hacking arsenal,\" and that an archive with \"several hundred million lines of code\" has been circulating among former government hackers. One former government hacker or contractor gave a portion of that code to WikiLeaks, according to the organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weaver calls that story \"implausible,\" and raises the possibility that someone from outside the U.S. government compromised the CIA's systems to acquire the documents. And that, he says, would be a big deal: \"Spies gonna spy, that's dog bites man. Spy dumps data on Wikileaks, proving that they exfiltrated it from a top-secret system? That's man bites dog.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of how they were acquired, the documents in the \"Year Zero\" release do not include the code for any cyberespionage programs. In its press release, Wikileaks says it is \"avoiding the distribution of \"armed' cyberweapons until a consensus emerges\" on how to analyze and disarm such weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the purported CIA documents reference and describe agency tools designed to extract information from computers, monitor communications and control electronic devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WikiLeaks says the files came from the CIA's internal Confluence system — a platform for team collaboration. They include instructions on how to use programs, and guides describing how to reduce the risk of CIA involvement being detected in a program. Some pages have comments from users whose names have been redacted, but appear to be software developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged CIA documents show techniques developed specifically for \"embedded systems\" — which the files describe, in nontechnical terms, as \"the Things in the Internet of Things.\" Think devices that don't look like computers, but use the Internet to work. For instance, one program uses a Samsung TV as a listening device, turning the microphone on while the TV appears to be off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents also appear to show techniques the CIA has used to compromise and control individual smartphones. Wikipedia notes that such tactics would allow the agency to read even encrypted communications — but Weaver says that's misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The real story on encryption is not, 'Oh my God, the CIA breaks encryption,' but that encryption is so good that the CIA has to risk $1.5 million assets to compromise a target's iPhone if they want to read his messages,\" he says, noting the high price of developing smartphone-infiltrating techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another concern about the methods that the CIA used to compromise phones. Ben Wizner, director of the ACLU Speech, Privacy and Technology Project, says the documents suggest the CIA \"deliberately maintained vulnerabilities\" in widely used devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those vulnerabilities will be exploited not just by our security agencies, but by hackers and governments around the world,\" he said in a statement. (Security consultant Tom Ritter tells NPR that according to the documents, the CIA does seem to have been aware of security vulnerabilities and not informed companies that could have fixed them.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CIA has traditionally been responsible for human espionage — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/2010-featured-story-archive/intelligence-signals-intelligence-1.html\">officially\u003c/a>, the NSA gathers \"signals intelligence\" and the CIA analyzes it. But the CIA also carries out its own cyber operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2016, then-CIA Director John Brennan \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/02/24/467711098/transcript-nprs-interview-with-cia-director-john-brennan\">spoke with NPR's Mary Louise Kelly\u003c/a> about, in part, the agency's desire to expand its cybercapabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The technological changes are taking place at a warped speed,\" he said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"So we here at CIA, we recently set up a fifth directorate for the first time in 50 years, a new directorate ... the directorate of digital innovation, so that we can understand all of the opportunities and challenges associated with that digital environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not a technological expert by any means, but I recognize that more and more human transactions and interactions take place in that cyber environment. And it profoundly affects all of our ways of life, and it affects the intelligence mission. So I want to make sure that for CIA to be able to fulfill its responsibilities in the years ahead, we understand what the pitfalls are, what the opportunities are, so that we are able to master that environment consistent with our authorities, so we can carry out our respective missions.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Pompeo, the new head of the CIA under President Trump, said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pre-hearing-011217.pdf\">written questionnaire\u003c/a> accompanying his confirmation hearing that he understood that the agency, \"upon direction from the President and working in cooperation with other agencies when appropriate, has capabilities to perform a wide [array of] actions related to all forms of cybersecurity policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WikiLeaks+Releases+What+It+Calls+CIA+Trove+Of+Cyber-Espionage+Documents&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "womens-audio-mission-smashing-the-glass-ceiling-of-the-studio-world",
"title": "Women's Audio Mission: Smashing the Glass Ceiling of the Studio World",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a recent concert inside Dolby Laboratories, a member of \u003ca href=\"https://theshes.bandcamp.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The She’s\u003c/a> leans into the mic between songs and tells the audience, “I just started school and I’m going to major in math!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not your usual rock ‘n’ roll banter — but the crowd cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s another anomaly at this show, though: all the bands and sound engineers are women, while the world of audio is a field dominated by men. Addressing and correcting that disparity is the work of Women’s Audio Mission (WAM), an organization dedicated to teaching audio engineering and technology to young women from low-income communities. Graduates of the program go on to work in WAM’s recording studio while others have found jobs at at Dolby, George Lucas Studios, Pixar, Electronic Arts, and NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310609047″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WAM studio is the only professional recording studio in the country built and operated entirely by women. WAM’s founder and executive director, Terri Winston — who happily bobbed along to The She’s upbeat California surf rock at the Dolby show — was there when the band recorded their first album, the sole product of women from the writing to the final mix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/into-the-mix/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-12260053\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02.jpg\" alt=\"Into The Mix -400 X 400-02\" width=\"400\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-240x241.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-375x376.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 5 percent of women are creating and shaping the sounds and media that make the constant soundtrack of our lives,” Winston says. “So the perspectives of women and girls are barely audible. They need to be amplified in order for our girls to thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Winston the following day at the WAM studio in San Francisco’s SoMa neighborhood. She helped me bring my bike into the garage and walked me through the soundproofed labyrinth of studios and classrooms. In a room where an audiobook was about to be recorded, a woman sat comfortably behind a mixing console with hundreds of knobs and levers. It resembled the control panel of a spaceship in a sci-fi movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston founded WAM over 13 years ago. While teaching in the Broadcasting Department at City College of San Francisco, she was disappointed by the lack of women in her class, so she founded an audio club for women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12273905 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A WAM student runs live sound during a concert\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A WAM engineer runs live sound during a concert. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That year, Winston booked a booth for her club at a convention for the Audio Engineering Society, the largest professional association of audio engineers in the country. According to an AES representative \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/women-producers-statistics_us_57113cebe4b0060ccda345be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">speaking to Huffington Post\u003c/a>, less than seven percent of AES members are women. Winston tells me that the conventions are overwhelmingly white and male. “They even dress the same,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first she was met with suspicion — organizers thought she was planning to protest the convention. But her booth was a huge success. Winston received armfuls of donated equipment from manufacturers, so much that she had to find a shopping cart to wheel it all around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s how WAM started, in a shopping cart,” says Winston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AES has given WAM a booth every year since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12273901\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-800x542.png\" alt=\"Terri Winston at the WAM studios.\" width=\"800\" height=\"542\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-800x542.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-1020x691.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-1180x799.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-960x650.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-240x163.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-375x254.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-520x352.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257.png 1608w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terri Winston at the WAM studios. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At City College, Terri’s classes reached parity with men and women attending. It didn’t go unnoticed. People began coming to Winston asking how she was able to get women interested. Instead of traveling to share her success, Winston decided to build a studio “to put all those best practices in one place” and created WAM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, WAM trains 1,200 women every year. Of those, 850 are middle-school girls. Also, 93 percent of the girls are low-income, 83 percent are girls of color and 73 percent don’t have access to a computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston says she is targeting young women with some of highest dropout rates in the state of California. “We are serving the lowest-income students on purpose,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston says a lot of her students start out believing the nerdy male engineer stereotype. Her classes combat this by not giving anything a label while the girls are learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273900\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12273900 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"Students try out vocal mics during a class at WAM\" width=\"800\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-800x568.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-768x545.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-1020x724.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-1180x837.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-960x681.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-240x170.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-375x266.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-520x369.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic.jpg 1812w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students try out vocal mics during a class at WAM. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of WAM)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t push referring to this stuff as \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STEM\u003c/a>. We know what we are doing on our end. Until those words get detached from certain stereotypes you’re not going to see girls doing it,” Winston says. “Ironically, after 18 weeks of training, they get to work on a project where they are assigned various music production roles. They usually fight over who gets to be the engineer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While WAM works to fix the pipeline of women studying audio engineering, many men skip the pipeline altogether. Audio engineering has a tradition of mentorship, and because most mentors are men, it becomes less likely for women to be brought into the fold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claire Boucher, also known as Grimes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/04/27/455769676/feeling-this-a-conversation-with-grimes\">spoke to NPR\u003c/a> about the gendered stereotypes in song production, with men producing beats and women singing melodies. “I wasn’t allowed to touch a computer, for example, even though guys in the studio were allowed to,” Boucher told NPR. “I obviously know how to use a computer and I know how to produce, but I had to tell the engineer what to do if I wanted to do anything, which I thought was pretty crazy in the 21st century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12268804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12268804\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Claire Boucher performs as Grimes\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-520x292.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claire Boucher performs as Grimes. \u003ccite>(peta_azak/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I came in with experience as a producer and I wasn’t allowed to produce — so how could any woman who didn’t have experience as a producer ever learn how to produce? It was just a little odd in that regard,” Boucher added. “If there are stereotypes of, ‘Women do certain jobs in music and men do certain jobs,’ the way the studio works, it’s not easy to escape that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be twice as good as our male counterparts to be considered on the same level,” says Julie Indelicato, a San Francisco-based sound engineer. “Some bands will even apologize to the audience for the fact that I’m a woman.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indelicato has worked the soundboard at live shows in the Bay Area for eight years. “I often have people coming up to me asking if I need help,” Indelicato says. “It happens every time. Even by laypeople. You wouldn’t ask a plumber if they need help fixing your toilet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a common experience for bands to walk right past her in the sound booth and ask the nearest man where the sound engineer is. “These days I walk towards them before they can overlook the fact that I’m working there,” she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an African American lesbian woman working as a sound engineer. This is a mostly white male industry,” Indelicato tells me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12268805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12268805\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Julie Indelicato at work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julie Indelicato at work. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Phoebe Lula)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On top of being dismissed, women work in a world rife with sexual innuendo and misogynistic comments. “It’s a bawdy environment. There are lots of sexual jokes and complaining about girlfriends and wives,” says Indelicato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask Indelicato why she thinks it’s like this, she tells me, “This is 1099 work. We are mostly independent contractors. The only person who will stand up for you is you. It’s so hard for women to speak up for themselves when they are already being questioned the moment they walk in the door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The audio industry is kind of like the wild west,” Winston says. “You see that it’s really unregulated. You don’t have a human resources department. Nobody is talking about what are appropriate conversations. There is a lot of wild and crazy behavior in studio spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we are heading in the right direction. A lot of our male allies are coming forward and standing up,” Winston adds. “We are seeing more women in classes. It forces teachers to see their audience is half women and that they have to talk about about what is relevant to everyone. This applies to all kinds of diversity, not just gender issues.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At a recent concert inside Dolby Laboratories, a member of \u003ca href=\"https://theshes.bandcamp.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The She’s\u003c/a> leans into the mic between songs and tells the audience, “I just started school and I’m going to major in math!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not your usual rock ‘n’ roll banter — but the crowd cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s another anomaly at this show, though: all the bands and sound engineers are women, while the world of audio is a field dominated by men. Addressing and correcting that disparity is the work of Women’s Audio Mission (WAM), an organization dedicated to teaching audio engineering and technology to young women from low-income communities. Graduates of the program go on to work in WAM’s recording studio while others have found jobs at at Dolby, George Lucas Studios, Pixar, Electronic Arts, and NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310609047″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310609047″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WAM studio is the only professional recording studio in the country built and operated entirely by women. WAM’s founder and executive director, Terri Winston — who happily bobbed along to The She’s upbeat California surf rock at the Dolby show — was there when the band recorded their first album, the sole product of women from the writing to the final mix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/into-the-mix/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-12260053\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02.jpg\" alt=\"Into The Mix -400 X 400-02\" width=\"400\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-240x241.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-375x376.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Into-The-Mix-400-X-400-02-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less than 5 percent of women are creating and shaping the sounds and media that make the constant soundtrack of our lives,” Winston says. “So the perspectives of women and girls are barely audible. They need to be amplified in order for our girls to thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Winston the following day at the WAM studio in San Francisco’s SoMa neighborhood. She helped me bring my bike into the garage and walked me through the soundproofed labyrinth of studios and classrooms. In a room where an audiobook was about to be recorded, a woman sat comfortably behind a mixing console with hundreds of knobs and levers. It resembled the control panel of a spaceship in a sci-fi movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston founded WAM over 13 years ago. While teaching in the Broadcasting Department at City College of San Francisco, she was disappointed by the lack of women in her class, so she founded an audio club for women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12273905 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A WAM student runs live sound during a concert\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/unnamed-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A WAM engineer runs live sound during a concert. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That year, Winston booked a booth for her club at a convention for the Audio Engineering Society, the largest professional association of audio engineers in the country. According to an AES representative \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/women-producers-statistics_us_57113cebe4b0060ccda345be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">speaking to Huffington Post\u003c/a>, less than seven percent of AES members are women. Winston tells me that the conventions are overwhelmingly white and male. “They even dress the same,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first she was met with suspicion — organizers thought she was planning to protest the convention. But her booth was a huge success. Winston received armfuls of donated equipment from manufacturers, so much that she had to find a shopping cart to wheel it all around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s how WAM started, in a shopping cart,” says Winston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AES has given WAM a booth every year since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12273901\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-800x542.png\" alt=\"Terri Winston at the WAM studios.\" width=\"800\" height=\"542\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-800x542.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-1020x691.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-1180x799.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-960x650.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-240x163.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-375x254.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257-520x352.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-29-at-2.29.35-PM-e1477777028257.png 1608w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terri Winston at the WAM studios. \u003ccite>(Jessica Placzek/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At City College, Terri’s classes reached parity with men and women attending. It didn’t go unnoticed. People began coming to Winston asking how she was able to get women interested. Instead of traveling to share her success, Winston decided to build a studio “to put all those best practices in one place” and created WAM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, WAM trains 1,200 women every year. Of those, 850 are middle-school girls. Also, 93 percent of the girls are low-income, 83 percent are girls of color and 73 percent don’t have access to a computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston says she is targeting young women with some of highest dropout rates in the state of California. “We are serving the lowest-income students on purpose,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winston says a lot of her students start out believing the nerdy male engineer stereotype. Her classes combat this by not giving anything a label while the girls are learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12273900\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12273900 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"Students try out vocal mics during a class at WAM\" width=\"800\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-800x568.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-768x545.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-1020x724.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-1180x837.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-960x681.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-240x170.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-375x266.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic-520x369.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/OntheMic.jpg 1812w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students try out vocal mics during a class at WAM. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of WAM)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t push referring to this stuff as \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STEM\u003c/a>. We know what we are doing on our end. Until those words get detached from certain stereotypes you’re not going to see girls doing it,” Winston says. “Ironically, after 18 weeks of training, they get to work on a project where they are assigned various music production roles. They usually fight over who gets to be the engineer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While WAM works to fix the pipeline of women studying audio engineering, many men skip the pipeline altogether. Audio engineering has a tradition of mentorship, and because most mentors are men, it becomes less likely for women to be brought into the fold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claire Boucher, also known as Grimes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/04/27/455769676/feeling-this-a-conversation-with-grimes\">spoke to NPR\u003c/a> about the gendered stereotypes in song production, with men producing beats and women singing melodies. “I wasn’t allowed to touch a computer, for example, even though guys in the studio were allowed to,” Boucher told NPR. “I obviously know how to use a computer and I know how to produce, but I had to tell the engineer what to do if I wanted to do anything, which I thought was pretty crazy in the 21st century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12268804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12268804\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Claire Boucher performs as Grimes\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k-520x292.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/14787441490_63d5204040_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claire Boucher performs as Grimes. \u003ccite>(peta_azak/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I came in with experience as a producer and I wasn’t allowed to produce — so how could any woman who didn’t have experience as a producer ever learn how to produce? It was just a little odd in that regard,” Boucher added. “If there are stereotypes of, ‘Women do certain jobs in music and men do certain jobs,’ the way the studio works, it’s not easy to escape that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be twice as good as our male counterparts to be considered on the same level,” says Julie Indelicato, a San Francisco-based sound engineer. “Some bands will even apologize to the audience for the fact that I’m a woman.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indelicato has worked the soundboard at live shows in the Bay Area for eight years. “I often have people coming up to me asking if I need help,” Indelicato says. “It happens every time. Even by laypeople. You wouldn’t ask a plumber if they need help fixing your toilet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a common experience for bands to walk right past her in the sound booth and ask the nearest man where the sound engineer is. “These days I walk towards them before they can overlook the fact that I’m working there,” she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an African American lesbian woman working as a sound engineer. This is a mostly white male industry,” Indelicato tells me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12268805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12268805\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Julie Indelicato at work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/image2-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Julie Indelicato at work. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Phoebe Lula)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On top of being dismissed, women work in a world rife with sexual innuendo and misogynistic comments. “It’s a bawdy environment. There are lots of sexual jokes and complaining about girlfriends and wives,” says Indelicato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask Indelicato why she thinks it’s like this, she tells me, “This is 1099 work. We are mostly independent contractors. The only person who will stand up for you is you. It’s so hard for women to speak up for themselves when they are already being questioned the moment they walk in the door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The audio industry is kind of like the wild west,” Winston says. “You see that it’s really unregulated. You don’t have a human resources department. Nobody is talking about what are appropriate conversations. There is a lot of wild and crazy behavior in studio spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we are heading in the right direction. A lot of our male allies are coming forward and standing up,” Winston adds. “We are seeing more women in classes. It forces teachers to see their audience is half women and that they have to talk about about what is relevant to everyone. This applies to all kinds of diversity, not just gender issues.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It was in 2012 that Barry Eggers, a venture capitalist, noticed that his two high school-age children were getting obsessed with a curious new app called Snapchat. After a little investigation, Eggers \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/lightspeed-venture-partners/lightspeeds-snap-story-5d3723e97667#.3mpxe256q\">persuaded his company\u003c/a>, Lightspeed Venture Partners, to become one of the first to invest hundreds of thousands of dollars in the fledgling app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in a stroke of fortune, he also persuaded his children's school, where he was chairman of its financial growth fund, to put up a little seed money, too -- $15,000, in fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Thursday, when the app's parent company Snap went public, that investment had \"matured and given us a significant boost,\" Simon Chiu, president of Saint Francis High School in Mountain View, wrote to parents with remarkable understatement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school got \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/923281/saint-francis-high-school-in-mountain-view-california-turned-a-15000-snap-investment-into-a-multi-million-dollar-payday/\">a little more specific\u003c/a> with Quartz Media about that \"boost,\" saying the school sold two-thirds of its shares in the company to raise about $24 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remaining third of its holding, roughly 700,000 shares, could be even more lucrative. Snap's stock ended its first day of trading on Thursday at $24.51 per share, up 44 percent,\" Quartz reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This incredible boon will not, by itself, completely fund the goals of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhshopeandzeal.com/#Strategic\">the strategic plan\u003c/a>,\" the president of the private Catholic school wrote Thursday, \"but it will help lay the necessary foundation and give us a remarkable head start.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu added: \"Barry Eggers now joins the illustrious list of individuals and families whose foresight and generosity have enriched Saint Francis High School over the years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Silicon Valley school, which charges tuition of roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhs.com/page.cfm?p=818\">$17,000 a year\u003c/a>, also offers financial aid based on need. As of the 2014-2015 school year, it enrolled about \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhs.com/page.cfm?p=516\">1,700 students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu said the school's administration will deliberate with its board of directors \"to determine how the money can be leveraged to make the largest impact on our students and continue the tradition started here by the Brothers of Holy Cross over 60 years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was in 2012 that Barry Eggers, a venture capitalist, noticed that his two high school-age children were getting obsessed with a curious new app called Snapchat. After a little investigation, Eggers \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/lightspeed-venture-partners/lightspeeds-snap-story-5d3723e97667#.3mpxe256q\">persuaded his company\u003c/a>, Lightspeed Venture Partners, to become one of the first to invest hundreds of thousands of dollars in the fledgling app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in a stroke of fortune, he also persuaded his children's school, where he was chairman of its financial growth fund, to put up a little seed money, too -- $15,000, in fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Thursday, when the app's parent company Snap went public, that investment had \"matured and given us a significant boost,\" Simon Chiu, president of Saint Francis High School in Mountain View, wrote to parents with remarkable understatement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school got \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/923281/saint-francis-high-school-in-mountain-view-california-turned-a-15000-snap-investment-into-a-multi-million-dollar-payday/\">a little more specific\u003c/a> with Quartz Media about that \"boost,\" saying the school sold two-thirds of its shares in the company to raise about $24 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remaining third of its holding, roughly 700,000 shares, could be even more lucrative. Snap's stock ended its first day of trading on Thursday at $24.51 per share, up 44 percent,\" Quartz reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This incredible boon will not, by itself, completely fund the goals of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhshopeandzeal.com/#Strategic\">the strategic plan\u003c/a>,\" the president of the private Catholic school wrote Thursday, \"but it will help lay the necessary foundation and give us a remarkable head start.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu added: \"Barry Eggers now joins the illustrious list of individuals and families whose foresight and generosity have enriched Saint Francis High School over the years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Silicon Valley school, which charges tuition of roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhs.com/page.cfm?p=818\">$17,000 a year\u003c/a>, also offers financial aid based on need. As of the 2014-2015 school year, it enrolled about \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhs.com/page.cfm?p=516\">1,700 students\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu said the school's administration will deliberate with its board of directors \"to determine how the money can be leveraged to make the largest impact on our students and continue the tradition started here by the Brothers of Holy Cross over 60 years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Friday, 11:25 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has had a change of heart. The ride-service company has decided to seek a state permit to test autonomous vehicles after all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That decision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/03/02/uber-apply-for-state-permit-to-test-self-driving-cars/\" target=\"_blank\">first reported Thursday\u003c/a> by Marisa Kendall of the Bay Area News Group, comes two months after Uber launched a small fleet of self-driving cars onto the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also brought into the open the company's fight -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2017/2/27/14698902/uber-self-driving-san-francisco-dmv-email-levandowski\" target=\"_blank\">detailed earlier this week\u003c/a> by The Verge -- with the California Department of Motor Vehicles about whether it needed to get a state permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV prevailed in that battle, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/uber-launches-self-driving-car-service-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\">forcing Uber to shut down\u003c/a> its San Francisco pilot after just a week. With great fanfare, the company put its self-driving SUVs on flatbed trucks and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/21/uber-to-state-weve-pulled-self-driving-cars-from-s-f-streets/\" target=\"_blank\">shipped them to Arizona\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the DMV said publicly what emails obtained by The Verge show it had been saying to Uber for months privately: The state will help expedite the application process so you can proceed with autonomous vehicle testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company had maintained, both in its behind-the-scenes back-and-forth with the DMV and \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/san-francisco-your-self-driving-uber-is-arriving-now/\" target=\"_blank\">its public statements\u003c/a> when the San Francisco pilot started, that its vehicles did not meet the state's definition of \"autonomous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it pulled the cars off the streets, Uber said in a statement that the company was \"100 percent committed to California and will be redoubling our efforts to develop statewide rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Uber spokesperson said in an email Friday the company is working with the DMV to submit an autonomous vehicle application following the agency's reinstating registrations for two self-driving cars that had been parked in San Francisco since December. Those vehicles are now being driven manually, the company says, reportedly as part of a mapping project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spokesperson said Uber plans to resume operating autonomous vehicles in the city, but doesn't have a firm timeline for their return to public streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Motor Vehicles said via email: \"Uber hasn't formally submitted their autonomous vehicle tester program application, but just as we would with any other manufacturer, the DMV is providing assistance with the steps necessary to apply for and receive a test permit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV has approved 23 companies -- ranging from major automakers to Nvidia, best known for its graphics processing hardware -- to conduct autonomous vehicle testing in the state.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Friday, 11:25 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has had a change of heart. The ride-service company has decided to seek a state permit to test autonomous vehicles after all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That decision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/03/02/uber-apply-for-state-permit-to-test-self-driving-cars/\" target=\"_blank\">first reported Thursday\u003c/a> by Marisa Kendall of the Bay Area News Group, comes two months after Uber launched a small fleet of self-driving cars onto the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also brought into the open the company's fight -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2017/2/27/14698902/uber-self-driving-san-francisco-dmv-email-levandowski\" target=\"_blank\">detailed earlier this week\u003c/a> by The Verge -- with the California Department of Motor Vehicles about whether it needed to get a state permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV prevailed in that battle, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/uber-launches-self-driving-car-service-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\">forcing Uber to shut down\u003c/a> its San Francisco pilot after just a week. With great fanfare, the company put its self-driving SUVs on flatbed trucks and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/21/uber-to-state-weve-pulled-self-driving-cars-from-s-f-streets/\" target=\"_blank\">shipped them to Arizona\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the DMV said publicly what emails obtained by The Verge show it had been saying to Uber for months privately: The state will help expedite the application process so you can proceed with autonomous vehicle testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company had maintained, both in its behind-the-scenes back-and-forth with the DMV and \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/san-francisco-your-self-driving-uber-is-arriving-now/\" target=\"_blank\">its public statements\u003c/a> when the San Francisco pilot started, that its vehicles did not meet the state's definition of \"autonomous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it pulled the cars off the streets, Uber said in a statement that the company was \"100 percent committed to California and will be redoubling our efforts to develop statewide rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Uber spokesperson said in an email Friday the company is working with the DMV to submit an autonomous vehicle application following the agency's reinstating registrations for two self-driving cars that had been parked in San Francisco since December. Those vehicles are now being driven manually, the company says, reportedly as part of a mapping project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spokesperson said Uber plans to resume operating autonomous vehicles in the city, but doesn't have a firm timeline for their return to public streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Motor Vehicles said via email: \"Uber hasn't formally submitted their autonomous vehicle tester program application, but just as we would with any other manufacturer, the DMV is providing assistance with the steps necessary to apply for and receive a test permit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV has approved 23 companies -- ranging from major automakers to Nvidia, best known for its graphics processing hardware -- to conduct autonomous vehicle testing in the state.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Officials Can’t Hide Public Records on Private Accounts, Court Rules",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO — The public has a right to access emails and text messages about government business on the private phones and accounts of state and local officials and employees, the California Supreme Court ruled Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous decision, the court said those communications were subject to disclosure under the California Public Records Act and not shielded because they were sent or received in personal accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If communications sent through personal accounts were categorically excluded from CPRA, government officials could hide their most sensitive, and potentially damning, discussions in such accounts,\" Associate Justice Carol Corrigan wrote for the seven-member court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a lawsuit against the city of San Jose. Richard Doyle, San Jose city attorney, said he was not surprised by the decision and did not plan to challenge it. But he said it raised practical challenges for cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question is how do we access those communications on personal devices without the government being overly intrusive,\" he said. \"I don't expect and intend to have people turn over their phones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of private email accounts by public officials has faced scrutiny in recent years, with accusations that some were using them as a way to avoid disclosure. Hillary Clinton was sharply criticized during the presidential campaign for using a private email account while at the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a survey by The Associated Press two years ago, Gov. Jerry Brown, Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom and other top elected officials in California acknowledged using personal email accounts to conduct government business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many states treat public business on private accounts as public records. And at the federal level, an appeals court ruled last year that work-related emails from a private account used by the White House's top science adviser were subject to disclosure under federal open records laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11341263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11341263 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"The lawsuit before the state Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by city officials.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-960x663.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lawsuit that went before the state Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by city officials. \u003ccite>(Helene Labriet-Gross/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opponents have raised privacy concerns and said public officials sometimes need confidentiality to discuss unpopular views. They have also argued that sifting through employees' private accounts and devices in response to requests for records would be expensive and burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are public officials, and the public does have some interest in knowing how they are conducting business,\" said Jessica Levinson, who teaches privacy law at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles. \"Having said that, the public doesn't have the right to know everything that this person talks about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit before the California Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by San Jose's mayor and City Council. The city said it did not have access to any messages created on personal devices, so they were not public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith sued. A Superior Court judge ruled in his favor, but an appeals court overturned that decision in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Openness in government is critical to a functioning democracy,\" attorneys for Smith wrote in a brief to the California Supreme Court. \"If the Court of Appeal's decision in this case is allowed to stand, public employees can easily avoid accountability and subvert the intent of the (California Public Records Act) by hiding any communications that suggest corruption or the appearance of corruption in private accounts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose countered that public employees retain privacy rights. Forcing them to turn over their passwords to inspect communications on private devices would be akin to making them hand over their house keys, the city said in a brief to the California Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no indication that the (public records) act requires city councilmembers and employees to open their homes so that their personal diaries and correspondence could be inspected for presence of writings that mention the city of San Jose,\" City Attorney Richard Doyle wrote. \"Such an interpretation of the act would be unreasonable, and yet, it would be required if the Act was extended to writings at issue here.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO — The public has a right to access emails and text messages about government business on the private phones and accounts of state and local officials and employees, the California Supreme Court ruled Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous decision, the court said those communications were subject to disclosure under the California Public Records Act and not shielded because they were sent or received in personal accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If communications sent through personal accounts were categorically excluded from CPRA, government officials could hide their most sensitive, and potentially damning, discussions in such accounts,\" Associate Justice Carol Corrigan wrote for the seven-member court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a lawsuit against the city of San Jose. Richard Doyle, San Jose city attorney, said he was not surprised by the decision and did not plan to challenge it. But he said it raised practical challenges for cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question is how do we access those communications on personal devices without the government being overly intrusive,\" he said. \"I don't expect and intend to have people turn over their phones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of private email accounts by public officials has faced scrutiny in recent years, with accusations that some were using them as a way to avoid disclosure. Hillary Clinton was sharply criticized during the presidential campaign for using a private email account while at the State Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a survey by The Associated Press two years ago, Gov. Jerry Brown, Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom and other top elected officials in California acknowledged using personal email accounts to conduct government business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many states treat public business on private accounts as public records. And at the federal level, an appeals court ruled last year that work-related emails from a private account used by the White House's top science adviser were subject to disclosure under federal open records laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11341263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11341263 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"The lawsuit before the state Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by city officials.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-960x663.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/SJDevelopment-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lawsuit that went before the state Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by city officials. \u003ccite>(Helene Labriet-Gross/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Opponents have raised privacy concerns and said public officials sometimes need confidentiality to discuss unpopular views. They have also argued that sifting through employees' private accounts and devices in response to requests for records would be expensive and burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are public officials, and the public does have some interest in knowing how they are conducting business,\" said Jessica Levinson, who teaches privacy law at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles. \"Having said that, the public doesn't have the right to know everything that this person talks about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit before the California Supreme Court was filed by Ted Smith, who in 2009 requested messages about development in downtown San Jose that were sent or received on private devices used by San Jose's mayor and City Council. The city said it did not have access to any messages created on personal devices, so they were not public records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith sued. A Superior Court judge ruled in his favor, but an appeals court overturned that decision in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Openness in government is critical to a functioning democracy,\" attorneys for Smith wrote in a brief to the California Supreme Court. \"If the Court of Appeal's decision in this case is allowed to stand, public employees can easily avoid accountability and subvert the intent of the (California Public Records Act) by hiding any communications that suggest corruption or the appearance of corruption in private accounts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose countered that public employees retain privacy rights. Forcing them to turn over their passwords to inspect communications on private devices would be akin to making them hand over their house keys, the city said in a brief to the California Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no indication that the (public records) act requires city councilmembers and employees to open their homes so that their personal diaries and correspondence could be inspected for presence of writings that mention the city of San Jose,\" City Attorney Richard Doyle wrote. \"Such an interpretation of the act would be unreasonable, and yet, it would be required if the Act was extended to writings at issue here.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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