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"slug": "you-used-to-be-able-to-call-pop-corn-and-get-the-time-what-happened-to-that",
"title": "You Used to Be Able to Call POP-CORN and Get the Time. What Happened to That?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here is a throwback to an earlier era some of you may remember. For decades there was a phone service in Northern California that would read you the time and date if you dialed POP-CORN, the letters that represented 767-2676. That service went dark back in 2007, and Bay Curious listener George wants to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer begins at the very origins of the telephone in 1876, when just two years after Alexander Graham Bell famously invented the technology, \u003ca href=\"https://connecticuthistory.org/the-first-commercial-telephone-exchange-today-in-history/#:~:text=On%20January%2028%2C%201878%2C%20the,Herrick%20Frost%20and%20Walter%20Lewis.\">phone service went commercial\u003c/a>. The telephone began to spread across the country; those earliest phones were connected by live operators who would manually connect your call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators had access to something the average person didn’t in those days: the correct time. “Starting in 1870, Western Union, the telegraph company, offered a nationwide, highly accurate time service, where they would install a clock in your business that was controlled centrally by their master clock in New York City and represented super accurate time for the day,” explains Peter Amstein of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.telcomhistory.org/\">Telecommunications History Group\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could find these accurate clocks in railroad stations and at the phone company. Watches and clocks weren’t set automatically like they are today. You needed to start with the accurate time when setting and winding your watch, or clock, which would then maintain the correct time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s impossible for us to know exactly when someone first called the operator to ask her what time it was,” says Amstein, “but surely that happened in the very earliest days of the (phone) system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though never an official service, Amstein says, “The phone company wanted to be friendly and helpful. And certainly if the operators weren’t too busy and had time, they would answer all sorts of questions for people,” like the weather and the current, correct time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1918, \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/spanish-flu-second-wave-resurgence\">the Spanish flu\u003c/a> spread across the country, killing hundreds of thousands of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The phone company,” says Amstein, “started putting notices in the newspapers telling people the operators would no longer answer questions like what time it was, because they needed them to concentrate fully on connecting people’s phone calls.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11853905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11853905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram.png\" alt=\"A diagram showing when an operator when read the time each minute.\" width=\"720\" height=\"756\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram.png 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The kind of schedule a live time and date operator would have followed to accurately deliver the time multiple times a minute. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Telecommunications History Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But watches still didn’t set themselves, so in the 1920s Amstein says some phone companies “began experimenting with a live time-of-day service,” where a live operator would read the time to a revolving queue of callers at a set pace, multiple times a minute. You thought your job was monotonous? This needed to be automated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1934,” says Amstein, “a gentleman named John Franklin from Atlanta, Georgia, had the brilliant idea to set up a phone number that people could call to hear the time that would be sponsored by Tick Tock Ginger Ale.” To create his ad-supported call-in line, Franklin repurposed an existing piece of phone company technology called a drum recorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fqkGUyFB7xA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drum recorder uses a cylindrical drum coated in magnetic tape to record messages like, “The number you have dialed is no longer in service.” Franklin reprogrammed that machine to always play the current time, as read by an announcer. The company he created to sell that technology, Audichron, expanded into cities across the United States. The business model revolved around selling an ad, or the service and equipment themselves, to a sponsor. That advertiser could plug their company, and callers got the time and date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning in the 1960s, the voice of the time lady here in the Bay Area was that of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanne_Daniels\">Joanne Daniels\u003c/a>. A resident of Atlanta, Georgia, to this day, Daniels recorded the familiar announcements in a single paid session in the 1950s. And though she was paid no royalties throughout the almost 60 years her recording was used, she was the Bay Area’s POP-CORN lady until the very end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the service’s heyday here in the Bay area, you could actually call POP + any four digits, something Amstein says was “a technical shortcut” for the phone company, then called the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1984, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/5-major-moments-in-cellphone-history-1.1407352\">first cellphones became commercially available\u003c/a> in the United States, and the road to shutdown began for Northern California’s POP-CORN and similar services across the country. In 2007, Apple unveiled the first iPhone and Americans spent more money on cellphone service than landline service \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-5/expenditures-on-celluar-phone-services-have-increased-significantly-since-2007.htm#_edn1\">for the first time\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More cellphone users created demand for more unassigned phone numbers. Pacific Bell’s POP + four digits “shortcut” hogged a lot of potential new phone numbers that AT&T would need to meet that demand. So AT&T shut the service down in September 2007, securing 30,000 new numbers in Northern California alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.sfgate.com/blogs/sounds/sfgate/chroncast/2007/08/31/ChronRadio-Daniels-20070901-2.mp3\">San Francisco Chronicle interviewed Joanne Daniels\u003c/a> ahead of the line’s shutdown: “I feel like I’m fading away. I think it’s a sad thing because I think it’s filled a need for a lot of people that aren’t quite as modern as the trend is going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few, lesser-known time services \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/06/remember-when-you-could-call-the-time/488273/\">still in operation\u003c/a> all over the country. In fact, (415) POP-CORN will still get you the time and date in San Francisco, but it’s not the time lady — Joanne Daniels is retired and living in Atlanta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"subhead": "What Happened To The POP-CORN Lady?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here is a throwback to an earlier era some of you may remember. For decades there was a phone service in Northern California that would read you the time and date if you dialed POP-CORN, the letters that represented 767-2676. That service went dark back in 2007, and Bay Curious listener George wants to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer begins at the very origins of the telephone in 1876, when just two years after Alexander Graham Bell famously invented the technology, \u003ca href=\"https://connecticuthistory.org/the-first-commercial-telephone-exchange-today-in-history/#:~:text=On%20January%2028%2C%201878%2C%20the,Herrick%20Frost%20and%20Walter%20Lewis.\">phone service went commercial\u003c/a>. The telephone began to spread across the country; those earliest phones were connected by live operators who would manually connect your call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators had access to something the average person didn’t in those days: the correct time. “Starting in 1870, Western Union, the telegraph company, offered a nationwide, highly accurate time service, where they would install a clock in your business that was controlled centrally by their master clock in New York City and represented super accurate time for the day,” explains Peter Amstein of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.telcomhistory.org/\">Telecommunications History Group\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could find these accurate clocks in railroad stations and at the phone company. Watches and clocks weren’t set automatically like they are today. You needed to start with the accurate time when setting and winding your watch, or clock, which would then maintain the correct time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s impossible for us to know exactly when someone first called the operator to ask her what time it was,” says Amstein, “but surely that happened in the very earliest days of the (phone) system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though never an official service, Amstein says, “The phone company wanted to be friendly and helpful. And certainly if the operators weren’t too busy and had time, they would answer all sorts of questions for people,” like the weather and the current, correct time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1918, \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/spanish-flu-second-wave-resurgence\">the Spanish flu\u003c/a> spread across the country, killing hundreds of thousands of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The phone company,” says Amstein, “started putting notices in the newspapers telling people the operators would no longer answer questions like what time it was, because they needed them to concentrate fully on connecting people’s phone calls.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11853905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11853905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram.png\" alt=\"A diagram showing when an operator when read the time each minute.\" width=\"720\" height=\"756\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram.png 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/time-diagram-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The kind of schedule a live time and date operator would have followed to accurately deliver the time multiple times a minute. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Telecommunications History Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But watches still didn’t set themselves, so in the 1920s Amstein says some phone companies “began experimenting with a live time-of-day service,” where a live operator would read the time to a revolving queue of callers at a set pace, multiple times a minute. You thought your job was monotonous? This needed to be automated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1934,” says Amstein, “a gentleman named John Franklin from Atlanta, Georgia, had the brilliant idea to set up a phone number that people could call to hear the time that would be sponsored by Tick Tock Ginger Ale.” To create his ad-supported call-in line, Franklin repurposed an existing piece of phone company technology called a drum recorder.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/fqkGUyFB7xA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/fqkGUyFB7xA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>A drum recorder uses a cylindrical drum coated in magnetic tape to record messages like, “The number you have dialed is no longer in service.” Franklin reprogrammed that machine to always play the current time, as read by an announcer. The company he created to sell that technology, Audichron, expanded into cities across the United States. The business model revolved around selling an ad, or the service and equipment themselves, to a sponsor. That advertiser could plug their company, and callers got the time and date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning in the 1960s, the voice of the time lady here in the Bay Area was that of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanne_Daniels\">Joanne Daniels\u003c/a>. A resident of Atlanta, Georgia, to this day, Daniels recorded the familiar announcements in a single paid session in the 1950s. And though she was paid no royalties throughout the almost 60 years her recording was used, she was the Bay Area’s POP-CORN lady until the very end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the service’s heyday here in the Bay area, you could actually call POP + any four digits, something Amstein says was “a technical shortcut” for the phone company, then called the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1984, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/5-major-moments-in-cellphone-history-1.1407352\">first cellphones became commercially available\u003c/a> in the United States, and the road to shutdown began for Northern California’s POP-CORN and similar services across the country. In 2007, Apple unveiled the first iPhone and Americans spent more money on cellphone service than landline service \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-5/expenditures-on-celluar-phone-services-have-increased-significantly-since-2007.htm#_edn1\">for the first time\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More cellphone users created demand for more unassigned phone numbers. Pacific Bell’s POP + four digits “shortcut” hogged a lot of potential new phone numbers that AT&T would need to meet that demand. So AT&T shut the service down in September 2007, securing 30,000 new numbers in Northern California alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.sfgate.com/blogs/sounds/sfgate/chroncast/2007/08/31/ChronRadio-Daniels-20070901-2.mp3\">San Francisco Chronicle interviewed Joanne Daniels\u003c/a> ahead of the line’s shutdown: “I feel like I’m fading away. I think it’s a sad thing because I think it’s filled a need for a lot of people that aren’t quite as modern as the trend is going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few, lesser-known time services \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/06/remember-when-you-could-call-the-time/488273/\">still in operation\u003c/a> all over the country. In fact, (415) POP-CORN will still get you the time and date in San Francisco, but it’s not the time lady — Joanne Daniels is retired and living in Atlanta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Wednesday Was the Day of Broken Glass': A Message From California’s Former Governor",
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"content": "\u003cp>Early Sunday morning, former California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger took to Twitter with a nearly eight-minute video to call out his fellow Republicans who stood by, or even helped the incitement, of Wednesday's insurrection at the U.S. Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Schwarzenegger/status/1348249481284874240\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger opens with memories of growing up in Austria, where his community was keenly aware of \u003cem>Kristallnacht\u003c/em>, the Night of Broken Glass carried out in 1938 by what he called the \"Nazi equivalent of the Proud Boys.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he warned this recent insurrection carries echoes of that historic night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wednesday was the Day of Broken Glass right here in the United States,\" Schwarzenegger said. \"The broken glass was the windows of the United States Capitol. But the mob did not just shatter the windows of the Capitol, they shattered the ideals we took for granted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They trampled the very principles on which our country was founded,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger doesn't always weigh in on every political happening, but he began the year with an opinion piece in the Economist titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2021/01/05/arnold-schwarzenegger-on-why-republicans-must-stop-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Why Republicans must stop Trump,\u003c/a>\" and has a clear opinion and motivational message for the United States grappling with how to move forward in this current moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his Twitter address, he also spoke about the guilt among those who participated in Hitler's regime. \"I was surrounded by broken men drinking away their guilt over their participation in the most evil regime in history,\" he said. Schwarzenegger said his father struggled with alcoholism because of that guilt and would strike his children, something that happened to many men across Schwarzenegger's community as they struggled with their role in World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know there is a fear in this country and all over the world that something like this could happen right here,\" he said. \"We must be aware of the dire consequences of selfishness and cynicism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He addressed President Trump directly (as a governator would), calling Trump out for attempting to overturn the election. \"President Trump is a failed leader,\" Schwarzenegger said. \"He will go down in history as the worst president ever.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he added, Trump \"soon will be as irrelevant as an old tweet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \"what are we to make of those elected officials who have enabled his lies and his treachery?\" Schwarzenegger asks, in the video. \"I would remind them of what Teddy Roosevelt said: 'Patriotism means to stand by the country. It does not mean to stand by the president.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger ends his message by recalling a phrase from Catholic school — a \"servant's heart,\" appealing to elected representatives to act in service to the broader ideals. \"We need public servants who will serve higher ideals, the ideals in which this country was founded and ideals that other countries look up to,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the video draws to a close, Schwarzenegger channels his action hero vibes, holding up a sword for the American people to consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more you temper a sword, the stronger it becomes. The more you pound it with a hammer and heat it in the fire and then thrust it into the cold water, the stronger it becomes,\" he said. \"Our democracy is like the steel of this sword — the more it is tempered, the stronger it becomes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in the name of healing rifts between parties and Americans, he called on everyone \"no matter what your political affiliation is ... to join me in saying to President-elect Biden, 'President-elect Biden, we wish you great success as our president. If you succeed, our nation succeeds.' \"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "‘The more you temper a sword, the stronger it becomes, the more you pound it with a hammer and heat it in the fire … the stronger it becomes,’ said Schwarzenegger. ‘Our democracy is like the steel of this sword — the more it is tempered, the stronger it becomes.’ ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger opens with memories of growing up in Austria, where his community was keenly aware of \u003cem>Kristallnacht\u003c/em>, the Night of Broken Glass carried out in 1938 by what he called the \"Nazi equivalent of the Proud Boys.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he warned this recent insurrection carries echoes of that historic night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wednesday was the Day of Broken Glass right here in the United States,\" Schwarzenegger said. \"The broken glass was the windows of the United States Capitol. But the mob did not just shatter the windows of the Capitol, they shattered the ideals we took for granted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They trampled the very principles on which our country was founded,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger doesn't always weigh in on every political happening, but he began the year with an opinion piece in the Economist titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2021/01/05/arnold-schwarzenegger-on-why-republicans-must-stop-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Why Republicans must stop Trump,\u003c/a>\" and has a clear opinion and motivational message for the United States grappling with how to move forward in this current moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his Twitter address, he also spoke about the guilt among those who participated in Hitler's regime. \"I was surrounded by broken men drinking away their guilt over their participation in the most evil regime in history,\" he said. Schwarzenegger said his father struggled with alcoholism because of that guilt and would strike his children, something that happened to many men across Schwarzenegger's community as they struggled with their role in World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know there is a fear in this country and all over the world that something like this could happen right here,\" he said. \"We must be aware of the dire consequences of selfishness and cynicism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He addressed President Trump directly (as a governator would), calling Trump out for attempting to overturn the election. \"President Trump is a failed leader,\" Schwarzenegger said. \"He will go down in history as the worst president ever.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he added, Trump \"soon will be as irrelevant as an old tweet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \"what are we to make of those elected officials who have enabled his lies and his treachery?\" Schwarzenegger asks, in the video. \"I would remind them of what Teddy Roosevelt said: 'Patriotism means to stand by the country. It does not mean to stand by the president.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger ends his message by recalling a phrase from Catholic school — a \"servant's heart,\" appealing to elected representatives to act in service to the broader ideals. \"We need public servants who will serve higher ideals, the ideals in which this country was founded and ideals that other countries look up to,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the video draws to a close, Schwarzenegger channels his action hero vibes, holding up a sword for the American people to consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more you temper a sword, the stronger it becomes. The more you pound it with a hammer and heat it in the fire and then thrust it into the cold water, the stronger it becomes,\" he said. \"Our democracy is like the steel of this sword — the more it is tempered, the stronger it becomes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in the name of healing rifts between parties and Americans, he called on everyone \"no matter what your political affiliation is ... to join me in saying to President-elect Biden, 'President-elect Biden, we wish you great success as our president. If you succeed, our nation succeeds.' \"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'I Was Up All Night': Pandemic, Racial Justice, Insurrection and the Teachers and Students Working Through It All",
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"content": "\u003cp>By 8:30 a.m. the morning after an angry mob stormed the U.S. Capitol with Confederate flags, Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District teacher Mary Vanasit had prepared a 45-minute lesson on the topic for her third graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do you notice?” she asked, 15 minutes into the class, as she worked through a slideshow comparing images from the insurrection with those from Black Lives Matter protests this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The white guy looks pretty happy because he’s taking something,” a student named Ava said of a photo showing a white man grinning and waving as he hoists a lectern emblazoned with the seal of the speaker of the House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Black guy feels sort of anxious because he’s getting sprayed with something and turning away so he doesn’t get it in his eyes,” she went on, describing the second photo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11854616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11854616\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080.jpg 1463w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a slide from Mary Vanasit’s lesson on Jan. 7 — the day after a mob stormed the U.S. Capitol. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Mary Vanasit)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vanasit closed by thanking her students for opening up. “It’s something hard to talk about,” she said. “But is it important — when things like this happen, should we ignore it and pretend like it didn’t happen? We shouldn’t, huh. Because is anything going to change if we ignore it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She posed a final question to the kids: “How can we change the world with each other?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout her class, Vanasit navigated things smoothly, offering support and empathy. But the discussion shook her. “It was extremely sad and gave me goosebumps,” she said later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the pandemic and the killing of George Floyd, the past year has brought plenty of trauma into the lives of students. This week, California educators once again find themselves looking for ways to support kids while managing their own emotions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Hayward, seventh grade teacher Donovan Hall woke up anxious about facing his students on Zoom. “I just didn’t trust that I could kind of keep that contained,” he said. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Mary Vanasit, third grade teacher\"]‘It’s something hard to talk about … But is it important — when things like this happen, should we ignore it and pretend like it didn’t happen? We shouldn’t, huh. Because is anything going to change if we ignore it?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall, who teaches a class focused on academic and personal development at Impact Academy, worried about his ability to guide students through this moment. “I’m a Black man and seeing how people are talking about it and kind of connecting it to Black Lives Matter and connecting to Black people in general, it brings up a lot of just hurt and pain,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knew one way to support his students was to be honest about his own emotions, “and let them know, ‘This is important to me, but right now I’m not ready to process it. That’s OK.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall and his co-teacher ended up dividing their class into two groups: One talked about the attempted coup, and the other, led by Hall, intentionally did not — they played a game instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Hall’s eighth grade students, Leandro Galvez, opted to join the group discussion and said it helped him process the events. “I feel frustrated, I feel angry, I feel sad,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way law enforcement handled the insurrection by the pro-Trump mob only confirms his belief that white privilege exists, he said, though it doesn’t make it any easier to make sense of the concept. “We all have red blood,” he said. “That means we’re all people. We shouldn’t be fighting with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of reaction principal Blain Watson of Locke College Preparatory Academy in Watts anticipated from his students, whose pain and outrage is still raw in the wake of George Floyd’s killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Students of color, communities of color have a lot of doubts about the establishment,” said Watson, “about whether the government supports us or not.” He went on to explain that after seeing Trump supporters able to enter the Capitol and fly a Confederate flag, he worries his students are in danger of losing all faith in government. [aside tag=\"education\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was up all night thinking about the responsibility my colleagues and me have to make sure that 20 years from now, when kids look back, they’ll remember the response to these events as something that was responsible and maintained emotional integrity,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For both Watson and Hall, the next step is to help students move beyond exploring their feelings about the state of our country, and on to what they can do about them. Watson plans to convene a deeper discussion of what the events mean to this Black and Latinx community in the week ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar conversations are happening among teachers who work with much younger students. In Oakland, Montclair Elementary School teacher Jamila Brooks planned to work with colleagues to develop lesson plans that deepen the teachable moment they initiated with students this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Brooks, that began Thursday morning with a poll of her 29 fifth graders, asking if they knew what had happened in the nation’s capital the night before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew we were going to talk about this today,” one student posted in chat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are living in what people will talk about and study many years from now,” Brooks told them, drawing a connection to American history they’re studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She showed students a series of photos of the mob at the Capitol building and students took turns describing what they saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I noticed when you look at the crowd on the news, not to criticize, but it’s almost all white people — white supremacists,” said 10-year-old Mikhayah Watson. “I’m a little scared that our country is in this type of chaos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks reassured the kids it’s OK to feel scared. “A lot of us do,” she said. “What’s important is that we’re all safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To create a space for calm and healing, Brooks ended class by inviting her students to find their favorite stuffed animal, then lit up as she watched them wrap their arms around a teddy bear, a pink unicorn and a lamb named Shelby, their smiles returning to their faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for teaching about the attack on the U.S. Capitol (\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdSource\u003c/a>):\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Dr. Alyssa Hadley-Dunn, associate professor of teacher education at Michigan State University and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/teachingondaysafter/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Teaching on the Days After: \u003c/a>Dialogue and Resources for Educating Toward Justice has also compiled a list of \u003ca href=\"https://beyondthestoplight.com/2021/01/06/resources-for-teachers-on-the-days-after-the-attack-on-the-u-s-capitol/?fbclid=IwAR2q0Hp8d9anJQZpT74Z4acAllv58Fo5mXSjE6O0R5Eap1jaTWA9tNxRZVg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suggestions\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The American Historical Association has launched “The Assault on the Capitol in Historical Perspective: \u003ca href=\"https://www.historians.org/news-and-advocacy/everything-has-a-history/the-assault-on-the-capitol-in-historical-perspective-resources-for-educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Resources for Educators\u003c/a>.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Teachers on Twitter (#sschat) have been sharing lessons about the lessons they are teaching about the attack. Brianna Davis from Camarillo shared \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1--33tXfTAvlNrXeZ2-UZQ5VkWinSJSVkjak3Sh1Seow/edit#slide=id.gb3f267cc62_0_8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this lesson\u003c/a>, and Sam Mandeville of New Hampshire \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1S-6TrsDeIDpHTVuBYQdRUPjN9w-mI1zsQZm6gxNKRv0/edit#slide=id.gb3b6cb82a7_288_0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shared this one\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>PBS NewsHour Extra is offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/daily-videos/classroom-resource-insurrection-at-the-u-s-capitol/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three ways to teach the insurrection at the U.S. Capitol\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The American Federation of Teachers’ \u003ca href=\"https://sharemylesson.com/democracy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Share My Lesson\u003c/a> website has been updated with information to help teachers facilitate meaningful discussions about the attack on the Capitol.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“\u003ca href=\"https://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2021/01/06/ways-to-teach-about-todays-insurrection-share-your-own/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ways to teach about today’s insurrection\u003c/a>,” by Larry Ferlazzo, a Sacramento City Unified teacher.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By 8:30 a.m. the morning after an angry mob stormed the U.S. Capitol with Confederate flags, Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District teacher Mary Vanasit had prepared a 45-minute lesson on the topic for her third graders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do you notice?” she asked, 15 minutes into the class, as she worked through a slideshow comparing images from the insurrection with those from Black Lives Matter protests this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The white guy looks pretty happy because he’s taking something,” a student named Ava said of a photo showing a white man grinning and waving as he hoists a lectern emblazoned with the seal of the speaker of the House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Black guy feels sort of anxious because he’s getting sprayed with something and turning away so he doesn’t get it in his eyes,” she went on, describing the second photo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11854616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11854616\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/1920_1080.jpg 1463w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a slide from Mary Vanasit’s lesson on Jan. 7 — the day after a mob stormed the U.S. Capitol. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Mary Vanasit)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vanasit closed by thanking her students for opening up. “It’s something hard to talk about,” she said. “But is it important — when things like this happen, should we ignore it and pretend like it didn’t happen? We shouldn’t, huh. Because is anything going to change if we ignore it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She posed a final question to the kids: “How can we change the world with each other?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout her class, Vanasit navigated things smoothly, offering support and empathy. But the discussion shook her. “It was extremely sad and gave me goosebumps,” she said later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the pandemic and the killing of George Floyd, the past year has brought plenty of trauma into the lives of students. This week, California educators once again find themselves looking for ways to support kids while managing their own emotions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Hayward, seventh grade teacher Donovan Hall woke up anxious about facing his students on Zoom. “I just didn’t trust that I could kind of keep that contained,” he said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall, who teaches a class focused on academic and personal development at Impact Academy, worried about his ability to guide students through this moment. “I’m a Black man and seeing how people are talking about it and kind of connecting it to Black Lives Matter and connecting to Black people in general, it brings up a lot of just hurt and pain,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knew one way to support his students was to be honest about his own emotions, “and let them know, ‘This is important to me, but right now I’m not ready to process it. That’s OK.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall and his co-teacher ended up dividing their class into two groups: One talked about the attempted coup, and the other, led by Hall, intentionally did not — they played a game instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Hall’s eighth grade students, Leandro Galvez, opted to join the group discussion and said it helped him process the events. “I feel frustrated, I feel angry, I feel sad,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way law enforcement handled the insurrection by the pro-Trump mob only confirms his belief that white privilege exists, he said, though it doesn’t make it any easier to make sense of the concept. “We all have red blood,” he said. “That means we’re all people. We shouldn’t be fighting with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of reaction principal Blain Watson of Locke College Preparatory Academy in Watts anticipated from his students, whose pain and outrage is still raw in the wake of George Floyd’s killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Students of color, communities of color have a lot of doubts about the establishment,” said Watson, “about whether the government supports us or not.” He went on to explain that after seeing Trump supporters able to enter the Capitol and fly a Confederate flag, he worries his students are in danger of losing all faith in government. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was up all night thinking about the responsibility my colleagues and me have to make sure that 20 years from now, when kids look back, they’ll remember the response to these events as something that was responsible and maintained emotional integrity,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For both Watson and Hall, the next step is to help students move beyond exploring their feelings about the state of our country, and on to what they can do about them. Watson plans to convene a deeper discussion of what the events mean to this Black and Latinx community in the week ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar conversations are happening among teachers who work with much younger students. In Oakland, Montclair Elementary School teacher Jamila Brooks planned to work with colleagues to develop lesson plans that deepen the teachable moment they initiated with students this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Brooks, that began Thursday morning with a poll of her 29 fifth graders, asking if they knew what had happened in the nation’s capital the night before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew we were going to talk about this today,” one student posted in chat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are living in what people will talk about and study many years from now,” Brooks told them, drawing a connection to American history they’re studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She showed students a series of photos of the mob at the Capitol building and students took turns describing what they saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I noticed when you look at the crowd on the news, not to criticize, but it’s almost all white people — white supremacists,” said 10-year-old Mikhayah Watson. “I’m a little scared that our country is in this type of chaos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brooks reassured the kids it’s OK to feel scared. “A lot of us do,” she said. “What’s important is that we’re all safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To create a space for calm and healing, Brooks ended class by inviting her students to find their favorite stuffed animal, then lit up as she watched them wrap their arms around a teddy bear, a pink unicorn and a lamb named Shelby, their smiles returning to their faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for teaching about the attack on the U.S. Capitol (\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EdSource\u003c/a>):\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Dr. Alyssa Hadley-Dunn, associate professor of teacher education at Michigan State University and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/teachingondaysafter/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Teaching on the Days After: \u003c/a>Dialogue and Resources for Educating Toward Justice has also compiled a list of \u003ca href=\"https://beyondthestoplight.com/2021/01/06/resources-for-teachers-on-the-days-after-the-attack-on-the-u-s-capitol/?fbclid=IwAR2q0Hp8d9anJQZpT74Z4acAllv58Fo5mXSjE6O0R5Eap1jaTWA9tNxRZVg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">suggestions\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The American Historical Association has launched “The Assault on the Capitol in Historical Perspective: \u003ca href=\"https://www.historians.org/news-and-advocacy/everything-has-a-history/the-assault-on-the-capitol-in-historical-perspective-resources-for-educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Resources for Educators\u003c/a>.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Teachers on Twitter (#sschat) have been sharing lessons about the lessons they are teaching about the attack. Brianna Davis from Camarillo shared \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1--33tXfTAvlNrXeZ2-UZQ5VkWinSJSVkjak3Sh1Seow/edit#slide=id.gb3f267cc62_0_8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this lesson\u003c/a>, and Sam Mandeville of New Hampshire \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1S-6TrsDeIDpHTVuBYQdRUPjN9w-mI1zsQZm6gxNKRv0/edit#slide=id.gb3b6cb82a7_288_0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shared this one\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>PBS NewsHour Extra is offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/daily-videos/classroom-resource-insurrection-at-the-u-s-capitol/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three ways to teach the insurrection at the U.S. Capitol\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The American Federation of Teachers’ \u003ca href=\"https://sharemylesson.com/democracy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Share My Lesson\u003c/a> website has been updated with information to help teachers facilitate meaningful discussions about the attack on the Capitol.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>“\u003ca href=\"https://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2021/01/06/ways-to-teach-about-todays-insurrection-share-your-own/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ways to teach about today’s insurrection\u003c/a>,” by Larry Ferlazzo, a Sacramento City Unified teacher.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Los Angeles District Attorney George Gascón\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Did skin color make a difference in the police response to the insurrection in Washington, D.C.? G\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">eorge Gascón, the newly elected district attorney of Los Angeles County, says absolutely yes. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He shares with us his strategy for a more equitable criminal justice system.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California COVID-19 Vaccine Update\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hundreds of thousands of the new COVID-19 vaccine have been stuck in warehouses or in transit, and Gov. Gavin Newsom has acknowledged that the state needs to do better. We get the latest on vaccine distribution from Stanford University infectious disease expert Dr. Yvonne Maldonado. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Week in Politics: US Capitol Riots and Recall Efforts\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">From the armed insurgency at the U.S. Capitol to efforts to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom — we round up the week’s big political stories with KQED’s Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Musical: ‘Georgia on My Mind’\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">East Los Angeles-based band Las Cafeteras dedicated a song to promote voter turnout in Georgia’s closely watched U.S. Senate race. It’s their version of Ray Charles’ classic rendition, “Georgia on My Mind,” sung in Spanish and English. Las Cafeteras are known for remixing iconic songs to tell modern-day stories about immigrants and BIPOC communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/rhoads_kim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Kim Rhoads\u003c/a>. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1.4 times\u003c/a> more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make up approximately \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4% \u003c/a>of positive cases in California but only 6% of the total population in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Rhoads, those statistics don’t tell the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking into infection rates among Black Americans in Oakland, Rhoads discovered that virus positivity may be lower than is being reported by public health departments and the media because a large portion of the Black population is being missed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sizable number of people in the community, she said, are untested, unreached and uncounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She discovered that trend after her team tested 1,000 people across Oakland at eight separate pop-up testing events, and only two Black participants came back positive, leading to a positivity rate of less than 1%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starting Umoja\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To begin examining disparities in Oakland, Rhoads knew she needed to put together a diverse team of stakeholders — so she brought in community groups, public health departments, and, of course, UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is called \u003ca href=\"https://unitedinhealthoakland.org/en/eastoakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Umoja Health\u003c/a>. Umoja in Swahili means “unity,” and it’s the first principle of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwanzaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kwanzaa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started in September, Umoja aimed to get more Black and African American folks tested for the coronavirus and to use that data to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, they set up eight pop-up testing sites throughout Oakland over two months in census tracts with greater than 40% African American population represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pop-ups were unlike other testing sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a live DJ playing music, volunteers wore T-shirts that said Umoja, and they handed out goody bags with resource sheets and masks. The overall mood was festive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11852160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1020x575.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1536x866.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to shift is the idea that if you’re going for testing, you’re not going into a clinical or medical environment where people don’t know you and maybe they don’t care,” said Rhoads on a Saturday in September at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohccministries.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center of Hope Community Church\u003c/a> parking lot, one of their pop-up sites where folks could walk or drive up to get swab and antibody tests for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said their approach was to create testing sites with familiar faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of asking people to come to the clinic, we want to bring the clinic to the people. And when we bring the clinic to the people, we want it to look like the community is bringing it to the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They got rid of the UCSF logos, the Department of Public Health signs — making the site look more like a health fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said Black people in San Francisco weren’t getting tested despite having testing available to them. Over the summer, she helped organize COVID-19 testing sites in the city’s neighborhoods with the largest African American population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822167/community-led-effort-brings-free-covid-19-testing-to-bayview-hunters-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point\u003c/a> and Sunnydale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at one clinic they were only serving a fifth of their capacity and swabs were just sitting there unused, largely due to the relationship between the community and the public health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852156\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the same thing was happening in Alameda County where testing sites located in predominantly Black neighborhoods weren’t being used by Black people. She says roughly four out five people getting tested were non-Black, like at \u003ca href=\"https://rootsclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots Community Health Center\u003c/a>, an East Oakland clinic that serves mostly African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamaica Sowell, director of programs and policy with Roots Community Health Center, said 20% of people getting tested at their clinic are Black or of African descent, but added that the percentage doesn’t include those of mixed race, which often include African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Becoming Credible Messengers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said an initiative where Black people and allies work together to serve the Black community is significant because it can help fight misinformation that has been spreading within the community since the start of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums Sr., executive director of local anti-gun-violence group \u003ca href=\"https://adamikavillage.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adamika Village\u003c/a>, said there’s not enough COVID-19 education in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"covid-19, pandemic\" label=\"More coronavirus coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need credible messengers that our community can trust to give this information. If that’s from a Black doctor, if that’s from a community leader, a pastor — however that look. We need to right education,” Allums said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja popped up at churches, the West Oakland BART station, an outdoor market featuring Black small-business owners called Akoma Market, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At their first pop-up in Akoma Market, Rhoads said they had zero positives out of 75 people tested. “But with the rate of infection that was being reported, we should have had at least one or two,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Results\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Umoja tested exactly 1,000 people (not including volunteers), over half of whom were Black. And only a total of two Black people tested positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A positivity rate of less than 1% contrasts starkly with other reports. So how could the results be so different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the answer lies in their testing group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that we were really reaching a high percentage of folks who had never been tested before,” she said. Over half of the Black people they tested said they were first-time testers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rhoads, that means they were capturing a larger pool of the Black American population. These are people who may be living “on the edge,” as she put it, but are generally housed. They have jobs but might not have health care or just don’t trust the health care system due to a history of systemic racism. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Kim Rhoads, UCSF epidemiologist\"]“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these testers are the “regular folks” who public health officials and the media don’t always pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And misreporting the percentages as higher than they actually are can create a narrative that all Black people are disproportionately getting infected by the coronavirus. She said the mortality rate \u003cem>is\u003c/em> higher, but when public health officials and the media portray the community as a monolith, they risk feeding some ugly assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said what’s missed is the fact that Black folks are being responsible — they’re wearing masks, social distancing and following public health guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rhoads is confident in her data, this is one study, and researchers need to continue probing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pivoting to Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When talks of vaccines emerged, Rhoads knew they’d have to leverage the credibility and trust they’ve developed in the community in order to get the word out about vaccines, but in the tried-and-true Umoja way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would be providing information and resources and opportunity to question the vaccine,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To dictate to people what they should do is very not Umoja,” she said. “In fact, it’s the old way, which is the paternalistic health care system, telling people, particularly people of color in underserved communities, why the problems that they’re having are their own fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that “paternalistic” approach might be comforting to folks who haven’t been historically marginalized by the health care system — especially from an esteemed institution like UCSF — that’s not the case with many Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/25/556673640/scientists-work-to-overcome-legacy-of-tuskegee-study-henrietta-lacks\">to the Tuskegee experiment\u003c/a>, you know, Henrietta Lacks. A lot of things have been done, unfortunately, against the Black community,” said Dr. Demisha Burns, an Umoja volunteer whose day-to-day job involves \u003ca href=\"http://womenhiv.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">helping women affected by HIV/AIDS in Oakland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852154\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852154\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical Care, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman whose cancer cells were taken without her consent in the 1950s, and companies made money using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, of course, people are like, ‘I’m not going to go get tested. I’m not going to go do this. I’m not going to go get a vaccine,’ ” Burns said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on survey data collected at their pop-ups, Rhoads knew they had their work cut out for them. At an Umoja meeting in November, Rhoads said of the thousand participants, when asked about whether or not they’d be willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, survey results showed people were equally split across getting the vaccine and not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a willingness to get the vaccine among African Americans suffered a slight drop after their last pop-up, going from 43% down to 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Shaw, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/urban-male-health/\">Urban Male Health Initiative\u003c/a> with the Alameda County Public Health Department, chimed in at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I talk to folks, mainly Black folks, they say I’d like other ethnicities to try it first because we don’t trust that it’s going to be good for us. I’ve heard that comment over and over,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for practical solutions, Rhoads said it’s important for trusted community members to get vaccinated and speak about their experience, telling folks whether they had side effects or not, and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja, she said, empowers people with information so they can make their own decisions.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"description": "When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped Dr. Kim Rhoads. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community. Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are 1.4 times more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/rhoads_kim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Kim Rhoads\u003c/a>. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1.4 times\u003c/a> more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make up approximately \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4% \u003c/a>of positive cases in California but only 6% of the total population in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Rhoads, those statistics don’t tell the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking into infection rates among Black Americans in Oakland, Rhoads discovered that virus positivity may be lower than is being reported by public health departments and the media because a large portion of the Black population is being missed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sizable number of people in the community, she said, are untested, unreached and uncounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She discovered that trend after her team tested 1,000 people across Oakland at eight separate pop-up testing events, and only two Black participants came back positive, leading to a positivity rate of less than 1%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starting Umoja\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To begin examining disparities in Oakland, Rhoads knew she needed to put together a diverse team of stakeholders — so she brought in community groups, public health departments, and, of course, UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is called \u003ca href=\"https://unitedinhealthoakland.org/en/eastoakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Umoja Health\u003c/a>. Umoja in Swahili means “unity,” and it’s the first principle of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwanzaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kwanzaa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started in September, Umoja aimed to get more Black and African American folks tested for the coronavirus and to use that data to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, they set up eight pop-up testing sites throughout Oakland over two months in census tracts with greater than 40% African American population represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pop-ups were unlike other testing sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a live DJ playing music, volunteers wore T-shirts that said Umoja, and they handed out goody bags with resource sheets and masks. The overall mood was festive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11852160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1020x575.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1536x866.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to shift is the idea that if you’re going for testing, you’re not going into a clinical or medical environment where people don’t know you and maybe they don’t care,” said Rhoads on a Saturday in September at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohccministries.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center of Hope Community Church\u003c/a> parking lot, one of their pop-up sites where folks could walk or drive up to get swab and antibody tests for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said their approach was to create testing sites with familiar faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of asking people to come to the clinic, we want to bring the clinic to the people. And when we bring the clinic to the people, we want it to look like the community is bringing it to the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They got rid of the UCSF logos, the Department of Public Health signs — making the site look more like a health fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said Black people in San Francisco weren’t getting tested despite having testing available to them. Over the summer, she helped organize COVID-19 testing sites in the city’s neighborhoods with the largest African American population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822167/community-led-effort-brings-free-covid-19-testing-to-bayview-hunters-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point\u003c/a> and Sunnydale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at one clinic they were only serving a fifth of their capacity and swabs were just sitting there unused, largely due to the relationship between the community and the public health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852156\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the same thing was happening in Alameda County where testing sites located in predominantly Black neighborhoods weren’t being used by Black people. She says roughly four out five people getting tested were non-Black, like at \u003ca href=\"https://rootsclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots Community Health Center\u003c/a>, an East Oakland clinic that serves mostly African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamaica Sowell, director of programs and policy with Roots Community Health Center, said 20% of people getting tested at their clinic are Black or of African descent, but added that the percentage doesn’t include those of mixed race, which often include African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Becoming Credible Messengers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said an initiative where Black people and allies work together to serve the Black community is significant because it can help fight misinformation that has been spreading within the community since the start of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums Sr., executive director of local anti-gun-violence group \u003ca href=\"https://adamikavillage.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adamika Village\u003c/a>, said there’s not enough COVID-19 education in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need credible messengers that our community can trust to give this information. If that’s from a Black doctor, if that’s from a community leader, a pastor — however that look. We need to right education,” Allums said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja popped up at churches, the West Oakland BART station, an outdoor market featuring Black small-business owners called Akoma Market, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At their first pop-up in Akoma Market, Rhoads said they had zero positives out of 75 people tested. “But with the rate of infection that was being reported, we should have had at least one or two,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Results\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Umoja tested exactly 1,000 people (not including volunteers), over half of whom were Black. And only a total of two Black people tested positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A positivity rate of less than 1% contrasts starkly with other reports. So how could the results be so different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the answer lies in their testing group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that we were really reaching a high percentage of folks who had never been tested before,” she said. Over half of the Black people they tested said they were first-time testers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rhoads, that means they were capturing a larger pool of the Black American population. These are people who may be living “on the edge,” as she put it, but are generally housed. They have jobs but might not have health care or just don’t trust the health care system due to a history of systemic racism. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these testers are the “regular folks” who public health officials and the media don’t always pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And misreporting the percentages as higher than they actually are can create a narrative that all Black people are disproportionately getting infected by the coronavirus. She said the mortality rate \u003cem>is\u003c/em> higher, but when public health officials and the media portray the community as a monolith, they risk feeding some ugly assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said what’s missed is the fact that Black folks are being responsible — they’re wearing masks, social distancing and following public health guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rhoads is confident in her data, this is one study, and researchers need to continue probing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pivoting to Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When talks of vaccines emerged, Rhoads knew they’d have to leverage the credibility and trust they’ve developed in the community in order to get the word out about vaccines, but in the tried-and-true Umoja way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would be providing information and resources and opportunity to question the vaccine,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To dictate to people what they should do is very not Umoja,” she said. “In fact, it’s the old way, which is the paternalistic health care system, telling people, particularly people of color in underserved communities, why the problems that they’re having are their own fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that “paternalistic” approach might be comforting to folks who haven’t been historically marginalized by the health care system — especially from an esteemed institution like UCSF — that’s not the case with many Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/25/556673640/scientists-work-to-overcome-legacy-of-tuskegee-study-henrietta-lacks\">to the Tuskegee experiment\u003c/a>, you know, Henrietta Lacks. A lot of things have been done, unfortunately, against the Black community,” said Dr. Demisha Burns, an Umoja volunteer whose day-to-day job involves \u003ca href=\"http://womenhiv.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">helping women affected by HIV/AIDS in Oakland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852154\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852154\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical Care, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman whose cancer cells were taken without her consent in the 1950s, and companies made money using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, of course, people are like, ‘I’m not going to go get tested. I’m not going to go do this. I’m not going to go get a vaccine,’ ” Burns said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on survey data collected at their pop-ups, Rhoads knew they had their work cut out for them. At an Umoja meeting in November, Rhoads said of the thousand participants, when asked about whether or not they’d be willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, survey results showed people were equally split across getting the vaccine and not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a willingness to get the vaccine among African Americans suffered a slight drop after their last pop-up, going from 43% down to 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Shaw, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/urban-male-health/\">Urban Male Health Initiative\u003c/a> with the Alameda County Public Health Department, chimed in at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I talk to folks, mainly Black folks, they say I’d like other ethnicities to try it first because we don’t trust that it’s going to be good for us. I’ve heard that comment over and over,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for practical solutions, Rhoads said it’s important for trusted community members to get vaccinated and speak about their experience, telling folks whether they had side effects or not, and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja, she said, empowers people with information so they can make their own decisions.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Why Doesn't PG&E Bury the Power Lines to Prevent Wildfires?",
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"content": "\u003cp>California has always had wildfires. Like earthquakes or drought, they’re part of living in this state. Lightning starts some of our wildfires, and careless people start others. But over the last several years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833283/deflect-delay-defer-decade-of-pge-wildfire-safety-pushback-preceded-disasters\">a lot of fires have been started by Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E)\u003c/a>, the power company serving 5.1 million households all over Central and Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In just two-and-a-half years the utility’s equipment started more than fifteen-hundred fires, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pg-e-sparked-at-least-1-500-california-fires-now-the-utility-faces-collapse-11547410768\">Wall Street Journal investigation found\u003c/a>. Some of those were small, but others were deadly, like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705243/california-wildfires-what-you-need-to-know\">2018 Camp Fire\u003c/a>, which burned the town of Paradise to the ground and killed\u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2018/11/8/camp-fire/\"> 85 people\u003c/a>. The Camp Fire caused about $16.5 billion in damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E didn’t pay for all of that, but facing billions in claims from fire victims the company declared bankruptcy in 2019, an expensive process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791486/wall-street-could-make-1-billion-off-pges-bankruptcy-and-ratepayers-are-on-the-hook\">funneled huge amounts of cash to lawyers and Wall Street investors\u003c/a> without fundamentally changing the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sally Swope has been watching all this news unfold. It sparked a question: “I wanted to know why PG&E doesn’t just bury their lines. There are so many [law]suits against them, and it seems like it would be more economical if they just buried their lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re going to answer Sally’s question and explore a few other common questions people have about how PG&E got so big and what can be done to make their system safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why Not Put All Power Lines Underground?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11851440\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"A PG&E contractor works on utility poles along Highway 128 near Geyserville, California on October 31, 2019. \" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A PG&E contractor works on utility poles along Highway 128 near Geyserville, California on October 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(PHILIP PACHECO/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/california-wildfires/article/Put-PG-E-s-power-lines-underground-It-can-be-14565060.php\">Undergrounding power lines is a popular idea\u003c/a>. It would look nicer, and at first glance it seems like a sensible way to prevent fires that start when tree branches fall on power lines. But it’s not as simple as it seems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have kind of a tradeoff to look at,” says UC Berkeley electrical engineering professor Sascha von Meier. “When power lines are underground, if and when something does go wrong, it’s a lot harder to find where the problem is and go fix it. So that then takes longer, and costs more to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underground lines can be affected by earthquakes or malfunction for other reasons. PG&E would have to dig up the street to find and fix the problem. Getting them underground in the first place is also expensive. PG&E estimates it costs $3 million dollars per circuit mile, and the company has over \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/about-pge/company-information/profile/profile.page\">100,000 miles of distribution and transmission lines.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It quickly becomes prohibitively expensive,” says Nathaniel Skinner, safety program expert at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicadvocates.cpuc.ca.gov/\">CPUC Public Advocates Office\u003c/a>. “People are paying a lot for their electricity service right now. There’s a lot of people who can’t afford the utility bills. At what point does electricity service become unaffordable? And that starts to introduce all sorts of health and safety impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner estimates that if PG&E were to bury only its overhead lines in high fire threat areas it would cost ratepayers anywhere between $55 billion to $144 billion dollars. To put that in perspective, Skinner says, all of PG&E’s current assets are worth about $50 billion. So putting just the most fire prone lines underground would cost as much or more than PG&E is worth. And, even if we assume the low end of the range, the average ratepayer could pay eight-times as much per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost is a big reason why utilities are much more likely to put power lines underground in a new development, especially if the city or homeowners help shoulder the cost. PG&E has also put power lines underground in pilot projects, or after catastrophes. When the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11139448/lessons-from-the-east-bay-hills-fire-25-years-later\">Oakland Hills fire\u003c/a> devastated the East Bay in 1991, homeowners pushed PG&E to rebuild the distribution network underground. Similar pressure from residents in Paradise prompted PG&E to commit to undergrounding 200 miles of power lines in and around the town as it rebuilds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using PG&E’s $3 million per mile estimate, a rough back-of-the napkin calculation says the 200 miles around Paradise will cost about $460 million. A hefty price tag. But it’s still a bargain when you realize the Camp Fire caused about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/california-wildfire-was-world-s-costliest-natural-disaster-2018-insurer-n956376\">$16.5 billion dollars in damages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are There Cheaper Ways To Make the Power Grid Safer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851447\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11851447\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1020x746.jpg\" alt=\"A PG&E worker cuts damaged power lines on November 13, 2018.\" width=\"640\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1020x746.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-800x585.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-160x117.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1536x1124.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A PG&E worker cuts damaged power lines on November 13, 2018. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond burying power lines, there are other ways to prevent wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1) Keep better records.\u003c/strong> The power grid is old and needs constant maintenance. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pg-e-knew-for-years-its-lines-could-spark-wildfires-and-didnt-fix-them-11562768885\">PG&E hasn’t replaced some of its infrastructure\u003c/a> in over a hundred years, part of the reason it has had so many \u003ca href=\"https://www.buttecounty.net/Portals/30/CFReport/PGE-THE-CAMP-FIRE-PUBLIC-REPORT.pdf?ver=2020-06-15-190515-977\">equipment failures\u003c/a>. Better record keeping and a more robust inspection and quality control program would go a long way, some say. Without good records, PG&E won’t know where there are safety risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2) Upgrade key equipment.\u003c/strong> Power is brought into populated areas on long, high voltage transmission lines, which are usually not insulated. That means a fallen tree or branch that touches the line can easily ignite a fire. Replacing those exposed wires with what’s called covered conductor wire would make the system safer. More cameras and weather monitoring technology would also help PG&E predict fire danger better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3) Cut back vegetation.\u003c/strong> PG&E is also responsible for trimming vegetation around its lines to reduce the likelihood of it brushing up against live wires. Skinner points out often people push back against this work for aesthetic reasons, but it’s very important. That’s why he’s concerned that despite submitting plans for increased inspections and tree trimming, PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/PG-E-monitor-suggests-tree-trimming-program-15662342.php\">may be rushing to fill quotas instead of doing work in the most fire-prone areas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/WfZ7QyrlEjQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC has hired more people to inspect the work the utilities say they’ve done. A federal monitor is also watching PG&E. But there are still signs that PG&E’s safety program has problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2019 Kincade fire \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/media/11163/kincadefire_2019_cause.pdf\">was started by a PG&E line\u003c/a> that the company told regulators was \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20190619_pge_provides_update_on_enhanced_safety_inspections_and_repairs_made_to_electric_infrastructure_in_high-fire_threat_areas\">recently inspected\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so it raises the question of how are things getting missed when these are some of the areas where PG&E, coming out of the [20]17 and [20]18 fires, is saying that they’re doing the best work,” Skinner says. “So there’s clearly still a long road ahead for PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Could New Technologies Change the Paradigm?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley electrical engineering professor Sascha von Meier is excited about the promise of a “smarter grid,” one where utilities could control the component parts better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sascha von Meier has experimented with what are known as “synchrophasors,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1949483/one-way-california-can-avoid-more-blackouts-make-power-lines-smarter\">sensors on the lines that detect small and large power disturbances\u003c/a>. So, for example, a tree branch might bump up against an exposed line a dozen times before finally igniting a fire. The synchrophasors would sense and record that data, giving the utility precise information about problematic areas and equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology is already in use or being tested. San Diego Gas and Electric has deployed sensors on its distribution lines that can detect if a line breaks and shut off power instantly, before the severed wire touches the ground. PG&E tested similar technology in Napa Valley and found it useful for detecting equipment that needed replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>von Meier says a smarter grid would allow utilities to operate the system in fundamentally different ways. It would make it easier, for example, to integrate rooftop solar generation into the mix, to deal with electric vehicle charging and to potentially create microgrids that could generate and store power independently during a power shutoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Did PG&E Get So Big?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/HISTORY-Utility-Giant-Grew-from-Gold-Rush-Roots-2934359.php\">PG&E’s history\u003c/a> goes back to just after the Gold Rush, when California’s population first boomed. At the time, electricity generation was extremely local, just a small generator hooked up to a few poles and wires running into a building. Over time, companies realized it was more efficient to team up, generate power further away, and bring it to cities on long transmission lines. As power companies consolidated throughout the 20th century, PG&E kept getting bigger and bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something that grew kind of organically over the course of decades,” says Steve Weissman, a UC Berkeley public policy professor and former administrative law judge at the CPUC. “As a result of that, this is a company that really never got to a point where it stepped back and asked itself, ‘Have we become too big for our current form of management?’ [They haven’t had to] ask a lot of self-reflective questions about the most useful way to make sure the service is safe, that it’s environmentally sensitive, that it’s reliable and that it’s cheap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lack of foresight may help explain why PG&E has such a bad track record when it comes to safety. When one of PG&E’s gas pipelines exploded in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10667274/five-years-after-deadly-san-bruno-explosion-are-we-safer\">San Bruno in 2010\u003c/a> it killed eight people and destroyed 38 homes. There was a visible crack in a line, something PG&E quality control failed to find. Similar story with the Camp Fire that destroyed Paradise and killed 85 people — old and poorly maintained PG&E equipment was at fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a company that has not had an instinct to put safeguards in place … to make sure people are looking for problems and trying to identify them and overcome them early,” Weissman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weissman doesn’t put all the blame on the company. He says regulators are also at fault. In the 1980s and 1990s there was a national backlash against government regulation. Voters signaled they felt companies should be left alone to run their businesses without government meddling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The notion was that these big companies care a lot about safety,” Weissman says. “And so what the commission wanted to do was to step back and let the company take care of its system. And with the understanding that if problems came up, the company would come and report those problems to the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “light touch” approach meant the CPUC made rules and trusted the utilities to implement them. They didn’t always check to make sure safety improvements and inspections were actually getting done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now the regulators, I think, have a very different approach and a very different attitude about overseeing what these companies are doing,” Weissman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California has always had wildfires. Like earthquakes or drought, they’re part of living in this state. Lightning starts some of our wildfires, and careless people start others. But over the last several years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11833283/deflect-delay-defer-decade-of-pge-wildfire-safety-pushback-preceded-disasters\">a lot of fires have been started by Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E)\u003c/a>, the power company serving 5.1 million households all over Central and Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In just two-and-a-half years the utility’s equipment started more than fifteen-hundred fires, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pg-e-sparked-at-least-1-500-california-fires-now-the-utility-faces-collapse-11547410768\">Wall Street Journal investigation found\u003c/a>. Some of those were small, but others were deadly, like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705243/california-wildfires-what-you-need-to-know\">2018 Camp Fire\u003c/a>, which burned the town of Paradise to the ground and killed\u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2018/11/8/camp-fire/\"> 85 people\u003c/a>. The Camp Fire caused about $16.5 billion in damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E didn’t pay for all of that, but facing billions in claims from fire victims the company declared bankruptcy in 2019, an expensive process that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791486/wall-street-could-make-1-billion-off-pges-bankruptcy-and-ratepayers-are-on-the-hook\">funneled huge amounts of cash to lawyers and Wall Street investors\u003c/a> without fundamentally changing the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sally Swope has been watching all this news unfold. It sparked a question: “I wanted to know why PG&E doesn’t just bury their lines. There are so many [law]suits against them, and it seems like it would be more economical if they just buried their lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re going to answer Sally’s question and explore a few other common questions people have about how PG&E got so big and what can be done to make their system safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why Not Put All Power Lines Underground?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11851440\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"A PG&E contractor works on utility poles along Highway 128 near Geyserville, California on October 31, 2019. \" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A PG&E contractor works on utility poles along Highway 128 near Geyserville, California on October 31, 2019. \u003ccite>(PHILIP PACHECO/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/california-wildfires/article/Put-PG-E-s-power-lines-underground-It-can-be-14565060.php\">Undergrounding power lines is a popular idea\u003c/a>. It would look nicer, and at first glance it seems like a sensible way to prevent fires that start when tree branches fall on power lines. But it’s not as simple as it seems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have kind of a tradeoff to look at,” says UC Berkeley electrical engineering professor Sascha von Meier. “When power lines are underground, if and when something does go wrong, it’s a lot harder to find where the problem is and go fix it. So that then takes longer, and costs more to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underground lines can be affected by earthquakes or malfunction for other reasons. PG&E would have to dig up the street to find and fix the problem. Getting them underground in the first place is also expensive. PG&E estimates it costs $3 million dollars per circuit mile, and the company has over \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/about-pge/company-information/profile/profile.page\">100,000 miles of distribution and transmission lines.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It quickly becomes prohibitively expensive,” says Nathaniel Skinner, safety program expert at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicadvocates.cpuc.ca.gov/\">CPUC Public Advocates Office\u003c/a>. “People are paying a lot for their electricity service right now. There’s a lot of people who can’t afford the utility bills. At what point does electricity service become unaffordable? And that starts to introduce all sorts of health and safety impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner estimates that if PG&E were to bury only its overhead lines in high fire threat areas it would cost ratepayers anywhere between $55 billion to $144 billion dollars. To put that in perspective, Skinner says, all of PG&E’s current assets are worth about $50 billion. So putting just the most fire prone lines underground would cost as much or more than PG&E is worth. And, even if we assume the low end of the range, the average ratepayer could pay eight-times as much per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost is a big reason why utilities are much more likely to put power lines underground in a new development, especially if the city or homeowners help shoulder the cost. PG&E has also put power lines underground in pilot projects, or after catastrophes. When the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11139448/lessons-from-the-east-bay-hills-fire-25-years-later\">Oakland Hills fire\u003c/a> devastated the East Bay in 1991, homeowners pushed PG&E to rebuild the distribution network underground. Similar pressure from residents in Paradise prompted PG&E to commit to undergrounding 200 miles of power lines in and around the town as it rebuilds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using PG&E’s $3 million per mile estimate, a rough back-of-the napkin calculation says the 200 miles around Paradise will cost about $460 million. A hefty price tag. But it’s still a bargain when you realize the Camp Fire caused about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/california-wildfire-was-world-s-costliest-natural-disaster-2018-insurer-n956376\">$16.5 billion dollars in damages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are There Cheaper Ways To Make the Power Grid Safer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851447\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11851447\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1020x746.jpg\" alt=\"A PG&E worker cuts damaged power lines on November 13, 2018.\" width=\"640\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1020x746.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-800x585.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-160x117.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3-1536x1124.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/underground-PGE-lines3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A PG&E worker cuts damaged power lines on November 13, 2018. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond burying power lines, there are other ways to prevent wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1) Keep better records.\u003c/strong> The power grid is old and needs constant maintenance. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pg-e-knew-for-years-its-lines-could-spark-wildfires-and-didnt-fix-them-11562768885\">PG&E hasn’t replaced some of its infrastructure\u003c/a> in over a hundred years, part of the reason it has had so many \u003ca href=\"https://www.buttecounty.net/Portals/30/CFReport/PGE-THE-CAMP-FIRE-PUBLIC-REPORT.pdf?ver=2020-06-15-190515-977\">equipment failures\u003c/a>. Better record keeping and a more robust inspection and quality control program would go a long way, some say. Without good records, PG&E won’t know where there are safety risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2) Upgrade key equipment.\u003c/strong> Power is brought into populated areas on long, high voltage transmission lines, which are usually not insulated. That means a fallen tree or branch that touches the line can easily ignite a fire. Replacing those exposed wires with what’s called covered conductor wire would make the system safer. More cameras and weather monitoring technology would also help PG&E predict fire danger better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3) Cut back vegetation.\u003c/strong> PG&E is also responsible for trimming vegetation around its lines to reduce the likelihood of it brushing up against live wires. Skinner points out often people push back against this work for aesthetic reasons, but it’s very important. That’s why he’s concerned that despite submitting plans for increased inspections and tree trimming, PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/PG-E-monitor-suggests-tree-trimming-program-15662342.php\">may be rushing to fill quotas instead of doing work in the most fire-prone areas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/WfZ7QyrlEjQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/WfZ7QyrlEjQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The CPUC has hired more people to inspect the work the utilities say they’ve done. A federal monitor is also watching PG&E. But there are still signs that PG&E’s safety program has problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2019 Kincade fire \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/media/11163/kincadefire_2019_cause.pdf\">was started by a PG&E line\u003c/a> that the company told regulators was \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/about/newsroom/newsdetails/index.page?title=20190619_pge_provides_update_on_enhanced_safety_inspections_and_repairs_made_to_electric_infrastructure_in_high-fire_threat_areas\">recently inspected\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so it raises the question of how are things getting missed when these are some of the areas where PG&E, coming out of the [20]17 and [20]18 fires, is saying that they’re doing the best work,” Skinner says. “So there’s clearly still a long road ahead for PG&E.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Could New Technologies Change the Paradigm?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley electrical engineering professor Sascha von Meier is excited about the promise of a “smarter grid,” one where utilities could control the component parts better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sascha von Meier has experimented with what are known as “synchrophasors,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1949483/one-way-california-can-avoid-more-blackouts-make-power-lines-smarter\">sensors on the lines that detect small and large power disturbances\u003c/a>. So, for example, a tree branch might bump up against an exposed line a dozen times before finally igniting a fire. The synchrophasors would sense and record that data, giving the utility precise information about problematic areas and equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of technology is already in use or being tested. San Diego Gas and Electric has deployed sensors on its distribution lines that can detect if a line breaks and shut off power instantly, before the severed wire touches the ground. PG&E tested similar technology in Napa Valley and found it useful for detecting equipment that needed replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>von Meier says a smarter grid would allow utilities to operate the system in fundamentally different ways. It would make it easier, for example, to integrate rooftop solar generation into the mix, to deal with electric vehicle charging and to potentially create microgrids that could generate and store power independently during a power shutoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Did PG&E Get So Big?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/HISTORY-Utility-Giant-Grew-from-Gold-Rush-Roots-2934359.php\">PG&E’s history\u003c/a> goes back to just after the Gold Rush, when California’s population first boomed. At the time, electricity generation was extremely local, just a small generator hooked up to a few poles and wires running into a building. Over time, companies realized it was more efficient to team up, generate power further away, and bring it to cities on long transmission lines. As power companies consolidated throughout the 20th century, PG&E kept getting bigger and bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something that grew kind of organically over the course of decades,” says Steve Weissman, a UC Berkeley public policy professor and former administrative law judge at the CPUC. “As a result of that, this is a company that really never got to a point where it stepped back and asked itself, ‘Have we become too big for our current form of management?’ [They haven’t had to] ask a lot of self-reflective questions about the most useful way to make sure the service is safe, that it’s environmentally sensitive, that it’s reliable and that it’s cheap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lack of foresight may help explain why PG&E has such a bad track record when it comes to safety. When one of PG&E’s gas pipelines exploded in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10667274/five-years-after-deadly-san-bruno-explosion-are-we-safer\">San Bruno in 2010\u003c/a> it killed eight people and destroyed 38 homes. There was a visible crack in a line, something PG&E quality control failed to find. Similar story with the Camp Fire that destroyed Paradise and killed 85 people — old and poorly maintained PG&E equipment was at fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a company that has not had an instinct to put safeguards in place … to make sure people are looking for problems and trying to identify them and overcome them early,” Weissman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weissman doesn’t put all the blame on the company. He says regulators are also at fault. In the 1980s and 1990s there was a national backlash against government regulation. Voters signaled they felt companies should be left alone to run their businesses without government meddling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The notion was that these big companies care a lot about safety,” Weissman says. “And so what the commission wanted to do was to step back and let the company take care of its system. And with the understanding that if problems came up, the company would come and report those problems to the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “light touch” approach meant the CPUC made rules and trusted the utilities to implement them. They didn’t always check to make sure safety improvements and inspections were actually getting done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now the regulators, I think, have a very different approach and a very different attitude about overseeing what these companies are doing,” Weissman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>COVID-19 Hospital and Vaccine Update\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The surge in coronavirus cases continued its steady rise this week, as California’s ICU capacity dropped to 9%. Meanwhile, approval for a potential COVID-19 vaccine may be only days away. But until the vaccine is widely distributed — months from now — hospitals face a long, dark winter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Robert Wachter, chair, UCSF Department of Medicine\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carmela Coyle, president and CEO, California Hospital Association\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Child Care System Stressed by the Pandemic\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California’s Department of Social Services estimates that nearly 2,500 family child care facilities have closed permanently since the pandemic began. Advocates say the child care system, already fragile before the pandemic, is now in crisis, as many essential workers are scrambling to find reliable — and affordable — care so that they can go to work. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests: \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Loira Limbal, filmmaker, “Through the Night”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amie Latterman, chief advancement officer, Children’s Council of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Cavallo Point\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We travel to the north end of the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Cavallo Point, which was named in 1775 for the wild horses that once roamed the region.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>California Surgeon General Dr. Nadine Burke Harris\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regional and state leaders this week imposed strict new stay-at-home orders in an effort to curb rapidly rising rates of infection — even as the promise of not just one, but potentially two, COVID-19 vaccines offer glimmers of a light at the end of the tunnel. California’s first-ever surgeon general, Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, was recently appointed to chair the state’s Community Vaccine Advisory Committee to help ensure that the vaccine is distributed in an equitable manner, especially among communities that have faced historic injustice. She also weighs in on the new public health orders.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, California surgeon general\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Churches Fight to Stay Open\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The U.S. Supreme Court intervened Thursday on behalf of several California churches who are petitioning to be allowed to hold indoor services despite Gov. Gavin Newsom’s public health orders limiting them during the pandemic. With tighter restrictions looming statewide this month, we talk to church leaders about why they believe conducting indoor services is important.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bishop Arthur Hodges, South Bay United Pentecostal Church\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Archbishop Salvatore Cordileone, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Marin County Civic Center\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Marin County Civic Center was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in the late 1950s. However, the architect did not live to see the completion of the structure, which eventually received the honor of being both a California and a national historic landmark.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>California Surgeon General Dr. Nadine Burke Harris\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regional and state leaders this week imposed strict new stay-at-home orders in an effort to curb rapidly rising rates of infection — even as the promise of not just one, but potentially two, COVID-19 vaccines offer glimmers of a light at the end of the tunnel. California’s first-ever surgeon general, Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, was recently appointed to chair the state’s Community Vaccine Advisory Committee to help ensure that the vaccine is distributed in an equitable manner, especially among communities that have faced historic injustice. She also weighs in on the new public health orders.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, California surgeon general\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>California Churches Fight to Stay Open\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The U.S. Supreme Court intervened Thursday on behalf of several California churches who are petitioning to be allowed to hold indoor services despite Gov. Gavin Newsom’s public health orders limiting them during the pandemic. With tighter restrictions looming statewide this month, we talk to church leaders about why they believe conducting indoor services is important.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bishop Arthur Hodges, South Bay United Pentecostal Church\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Archbishop Salvatore Cordileone, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Marin County Civic Center\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Marin County Civic Center was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in the late 1950s. However, the architect did not live to see the completion of the structure, which eventually received the honor of being both a California and a national historic landmark.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Jan Stevens was born and raised in Mountain View. She raised her son in the city, too. She’s disabled, unemployed and has relied on child support to help pay the bills. But once her son turned 18, the child support stopped and she began to run out of options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t able to afford rent [in Mountain View] anymore, so the only choice I had was to get an RV and find someplace else to live,” Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens suffers from chronic fatigue syndrome. Shortly after buying her RV and dropping her son off at college, she was diagnosed with breast cancer as well. Now she sees many doctors, all of whom are in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='homelessness' label='More on Homelessness']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I would have gladly gone somewhere else, but at this point, I can’t,” she said. “I have longtime friends that support me in many ways. If I ask for a ride to the hospital or to get me groceries, I have a tremendous amount of support here that, if I were to go somewhere else, I would be without.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, she has parked her RV on a cul-de-sac called Continental Circle, along with about 70 other RV dwellers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=32778\">Measure C\u003c/a>, which passed with just 56% of the vote in Mountain View, bans oversized vehicles — defined as any “which exceeds 22 feet in length or 7 feet in width of 7 feet in height” — from parking on streets that are 40 feet or narrower, unless the vehicle is parked for short duration activities like loading and unloading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=33419\">Mountain View officials spent six weeks measuring\u003c/a> the 140 miles of city streets to determine what streets would be subject to the rules of the new ordinance. They found that 110 miles, or 78.6% of streets, could potentially qualify as narrow streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will just drive around and park somewhere every night and then move, I guess,” Stevens said. “I really don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure C was originally an ordinance adopted by the City Council in October 2019. But after several organizations — including the American Civil Liberties Union and the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley — sent a letter demanding the ordinance to be suspended and a petition was filed against the ordinance. It was suspended, and RV dwellers were still allowed to park their RVs on city streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Trujillo, a staff attorney with the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, signed the original letter opposing the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This ban on oversized vehicle parking in Mountain View is cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment, and that comes from a decision called \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/04/01/15-35845.pdf\">\u003cem>Martin v. Boise\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which was decided in 2018,” Trujillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that because the city of Boise, Idaho, hadn’t provided people with an adequate alternative to sleeping outside, they couldn’t be punished for being homeless. Trujillo feels this same argument can be applied to the RV dwellers in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a majority of voters in Mountain View don’t agree with that argument. Arnold Leon, \u003ca href=\"https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/106043/web.264614/#/detail/103\">one of the 18,000 voters\u003c/a> who voted in favor of Measure C, has been a homeowner in the city for 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you truly can afford rent in Mountain View or elsewhere and that is an option, then I think people should consider that option,” Leon said. “Not all of those RV dwellers are really needy, truly needy people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jan Stevens, Mountain View RV dweller \"]‘I will just drive around and park somewhere every night and then move, I guess. I really don’t know.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leon points to the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/depts/comdev/preservation/safe_parking_program.asp\">Safe Parking Program\u003c/a>, the largest program of its kind in the South Bay and the second largest in the Bay Area. The program offers 70 spaces across Mountain View for people to safely park their vehicles and receive social services and support to find permanent housing. The city plans to expand the program to about 100 spots eventually, but it recently counted more than 300 vehicles currently used as dwellings across Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has to do more, says former Mountain View Mayor Lenny Siegel, who ran for a City Council seat opposing Measure C and lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t expect [the City Council] to try to undo the will of the voters, but I’m expecting them to find places in Mountain View for people who are living in motor homes, who are from Mountain View, to continue to park,” Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county of Santa Clara will certify the election results on Dec. 3 and the Mountain View City Council will discuss implementation plans during a meeting on Dec. 8. In the meantime, some RV dwellers, including Jan Stevens, say they are planning to sue the city over the measure and their resulting displacement out of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jan Stevens was born and raised in Mountain View. She raised her son in the city, too. She’s disabled, unemployed and has relied on child support to help pay the bills. But once her son turned 18, the child support stopped and she began to run out of options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t able to afford rent [in Mountain View] anymore, so the only choice I had was to get an RV and find someplace else to live,” Stevens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens suffers from chronic fatigue syndrome. Shortly after buying her RV and dropping her son off at college, she was diagnosed with breast cancer as well. Now she sees many doctors, all of whom are in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I would have gladly gone somewhere else, but at this point, I can’t,” she said. “I have longtime friends that support me in many ways. If I ask for a ride to the hospital or to get me groceries, I have a tremendous amount of support here that, if I were to go somewhere else, I would be without.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, she has parked her RV on a cul-de-sac called Continental Circle, along with about 70 other RV dwellers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=32778\">Measure C\u003c/a>, which passed with just 56% of the vote in Mountain View, bans oversized vehicles — defined as any “which exceeds 22 feet in length or 7 feet in width of 7 feet in height” — from parking on streets that are 40 feet or narrower, unless the vehicle is parked for short duration activities like loading and unloading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BlobID=33419\">Mountain View officials spent six weeks measuring\u003c/a> the 140 miles of city streets to determine what streets would be subject to the rules of the new ordinance. They found that 110 miles, or 78.6% of streets, could potentially qualify as narrow streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will just drive around and park somewhere every night and then move, I guess,” Stevens said. “I really don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure C was originally an ordinance adopted by the City Council in October 2019. But after several organizations — including the American Civil Liberties Union and the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley — sent a letter demanding the ordinance to be suspended and a petition was filed against the ordinance. It was suspended, and RV dwellers were still allowed to park their RVs on city streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Trujillo, a staff attorney with the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, signed the original letter opposing the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This ban on oversized vehicle parking in Mountain View is cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment, and that comes from a decision called \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/04/01/15-35845.pdf\">\u003cem>Martin v. Boise\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which was decided in 2018,” Trujillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that because the city of Boise, Idaho, hadn’t provided people with an adequate alternative to sleeping outside, they couldn’t be punished for being homeless. Trujillo feels this same argument can be applied to the RV dwellers in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a majority of voters in Mountain View don’t agree with that argument. Arnold Leon, \u003ca href=\"https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/106043/web.264614/#/detail/103\">one of the 18,000 voters\u003c/a> who voted in favor of Measure C, has been a homeowner in the city for 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you truly can afford rent in Mountain View or elsewhere and that is an option, then I think people should consider that option,” Leon said. “Not all of those RV dwellers are really needy, truly needy people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leon points to the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.mountainview.gov/depts/comdev/preservation/safe_parking_program.asp\">Safe Parking Program\u003c/a>, the largest program of its kind in the South Bay and the second largest in the Bay Area. The program offers 70 spaces across Mountain View for people to safely park their vehicles and receive social services and support to find permanent housing. The city plans to expand the program to about 100 spots eventually, but it recently counted more than 300 vehicles currently used as dwellings across Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has to do more, says former Mountain View Mayor Lenny Siegel, who ran for a City Council seat opposing Measure C and lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t expect [the City Council] to try to undo the will of the voters, but I’m expecting them to find places in Mountain View for people who are living in motor homes, who are from Mountain View, to continue to park,” Siegel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county of Santa Clara will certify the election results on Dec. 3 and the Mountain View City Council will discuss implementation plans during a meeting on Dec. 8. In the meantime, some RV dwellers, including Jan Stevens, say they are planning to sue the city over the measure and their resulting displacement out of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area agency in charge of regional transportation planning voted Friday to change course on a plan that would have required most employees of large companies to work from home in coming decades. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Metropolitan Transportation Commission instead opted for a revised proposal that will shift the focus of its effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of mandating that 60% of those working for large employers across the region to telecommute on any given workday — \u003ca href=\"https://sf.streetsblog.org/2020/09/23/make-60-work-from-home-permanently/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a scenario approved in September\u003c/a> — the amended plan focuses on ways to sharply curtail the share of commuters who drive to work from the current 65%. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative is part of \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov/our-work/plans-projects/plan-bay-area-2050\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Plan Bay Area 2050\u003c/a>, a comprehensive blueprint for transportation and housing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state law, the MTC must adopt a plan that would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 19% by 2035 or the region would face the loss of at least $100 million a year in funding for traffic congestion relief and other other transportation projects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the original 60% work-from-home requirement, a major part of the plan to cut emissions, drew immediate pushback from business groups, transit operators and elected officials who argued it would have lasting negative effects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those consequences, critics said, could include damage to downtown business districts and an unsustainable loss of revenue for public transit agencies. Opponents also said the mandate didn’t take account of lower-wage office workers who can’t work from home or commute patterns in busy downtown areas where most workers have already abandoned driving alone to work as their commute option of choice. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Josefowitz, a San Francisco MTC member and chief policy officer at regional planning think tank SPUR, said the telecommuting mandate “penalized people who are walking to work, biking to work or taking public transit. And it penalized companies that have located in places where people can do that and who encourage people to do that. And it penalized cities that have made huge investments in walking and biking and transit. It was basically saying if you walk to work, you’re still being forced to work from home. And there’s no environmental benefit in that.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amended proposal takes on the issue of reducing car trips from another angle. Instead of declaring that 60% of workers must work from home on a given day by the year 2035, it mandates that “no more than 40 percent of each employer’s workforce would be eligible to commute by auto on an average workday.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised plan approved Friday leaves it up to major employers how to reach that goal by using a broad palette of incentives — or disincentives. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inducements to use sustainable means to get to work could include free or subsidized transit passes, bike and e-bike subsidies and giveaways, on-site employee housing, housing subsidies for employees residing in walkable transit-rich communities or simply paying workers cash for walking, biking or telecommuting. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measures to discourage driving could include getting rid of parking lots and garages and imposing higher parking fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised plan “provide a lot of flexibility,” Josefowitz said. “Ultimately I think it acknowledges that it doesn’t really matter if someone is biking to work or walking to work or taking transit — or in some cases working from home — as long as we have fewer and fewer people who are driving to work alone and causing the kind of crippling congestion the Bay Area has seen for so long and creating such environmental damage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire Plan Bay Area 2050, which will set priorities for how to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on transportation and housing initiatives over the next three decades, is expected to be approved. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area agency in charge of regional transportation planning voted Friday to change course on a plan that would have required most employees of large companies to work from home in coming decades. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Metropolitan Transportation Commission instead opted for a revised proposal that will shift the focus of its effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of mandating that 60% of those working for large employers across the region to telecommute on any given workday — \u003ca href=\"https://sf.streetsblog.org/2020/09/23/make-60-work-from-home-permanently/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a scenario approved in September\u003c/a> — the amended plan focuses on ways to sharply curtail the share of commuters who drive to work from the current 65%. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative is part of \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov/our-work/plans-projects/plan-bay-area-2050\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Plan Bay Area 2050\u003c/a>, a comprehensive blueprint for transportation and housing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state law, the MTC must adopt a plan that would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 19% by 2035 or the region would face the loss of at least $100 million a year in funding for traffic congestion relief and other other transportation projects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the original 60% work-from-home requirement, a major part of the plan to cut emissions, drew immediate pushback from business groups, transit operators and elected officials who argued it would have lasting negative effects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those consequences, critics said, could include damage to downtown business districts and an unsustainable loss of revenue for public transit agencies. Opponents also said the mandate didn’t take account of lower-wage office workers who can’t work from home or commute patterns in busy downtown areas where most workers have already abandoned driving alone to work as their commute option of choice. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Josefowitz, a San Francisco MTC member and chief policy officer at regional planning think tank SPUR, said the telecommuting mandate “penalized people who are walking to work, biking to work or taking public transit. And it penalized companies that have located in places where people can do that and who encourage people to do that. And it penalized cities that have made huge investments in walking and biking and transit. It was basically saying if you walk to work, you’re still being forced to work from home. And there’s no environmental benefit in that.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amended proposal takes on the issue of reducing car trips from another angle. Instead of declaring that 60% of workers must work from home on a given day by the year 2035, it mandates that “no more than 40 percent of each employer’s workforce would be eligible to commute by auto on an average workday.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised plan approved Friday leaves it up to major employers how to reach that goal by using a broad palette of incentives — or disincentives. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inducements to use sustainable means to get to work could include free or subsidized transit passes, bike and e-bike subsidies and giveaways, on-site employee housing, housing subsidies for employees residing in walkable transit-rich communities or simply paying workers cash for walking, biking or telecommuting. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measures to discourage driving could include getting rid of parking lots and garages and imposing higher parking fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised plan “provide a lot of flexibility,” Josefowitz said. “Ultimately I think it acknowledges that it doesn’t really matter if someone is biking to work or walking to work or taking transit — or in some cases working from home — as long as we have fewer and fewer people who are driving to work alone and causing the kind of crippling congestion the Bay Area has seen for so long and creating such environmental damage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire Plan Bay Area 2050, which will set priorities for how to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on transportation and housing initiatives over the next three decades, is expected to be approved. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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