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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area cities are preparing for a fight against increased immigration enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/25/trump-moves-to-build-border-wall-cut-sanctuary-city-funds/\">ordered by President Donald Trump on Wednesday\u003c/a>. Hundreds of people rallied in Martinez and San Francisco calling for the protection of immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About an hour after President Donald Trump signed the executive orders, about 100 people protested in front of San Francisco's City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a message for the bully in chief. We will fight you in the streets, we will fight you in the courts, we will fight you in our workplace, we will fight you on legislative floors, we will fight you in our churches, we will fight you in our neighborhoods, we will fight you in our union halls. You better be ready for a fight because we are protecting our sanctuary city and our immigrant communities by any means necessary,\" said San Francisco Supervisor Hillary Ronen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus, said that the president is going to have a legal battle on his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These immigration holds are not backed by a judicial authorization,\" she said. \"They violate the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, and soon after we passed that law, federal courts found immigration holds to be unconstitutional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11286501\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond protested the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office policy of cooperating with federal immigration agents by calling immigrants on probation in for meetings, then handing them over to federal custody. "We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE ," she said. "What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond, protested Wednesday in Martinez. \"We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE,\" she said. \"What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not.\" \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other advocates argued that Trump's policies make the country less secure because they cause a rift between law enforcement and local communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The safety of people in my community is now at risk, and the already fractured relationship between law enforcement and communities like mine is about to get worse,\" said the Rev. Richard Smith, vicar of the Episcopal Church of St. John the Evangelist in the Mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayors from Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley issued a joint statement proclaiming their commitment to sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Martinez, a coalition of local groups held a previously planned rally to demand that the sheriff stop using probation meetings to deport immigrants. A report in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/ambushed-contra-costa-county-law-enforcement-sets-up-surprise-stings-to-help-federal-immigration-agents-arrest-and-deport-immigrants/Content?oid=5078922\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> found that the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s Office staff would call immigrants serving probation in for administrative meetings, where Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents would be ready to arrest them and begin deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that violates California’s Trust Act, which shields law enforcement from complying with ICE requests to hold someone until an agent can arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11286500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa Administrative Building in Martinez on Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2017. The demonstration was organized by the Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition (CCCRJC) and the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment (ACCE) to demand that the Sheriff's Office stop cooperating with federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). "We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE," he said in Spanish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa County Administrative Building. \"We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE,\" he said in Spanish. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melvin Willis, a newly elected member of the Richmond City Council, was at the Martinez rally, alongside organizers from Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition and Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They actively have a contract with ICE,” he said. “They were ambushing people who were undocumented in Contra Costa County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff David Livingston told protesters that he will follow the law. If ICE asks him to hold someone, the answer is no, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, if they make a request that we notify them when an inmate is going to be released, we comply with that part of the order,\" he said. \"They are free to talk to an immigrant only when they are being released — only when they are being released — we won’t detain them a minute longer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candelaria Martinez, 49, of Richmond, said she wants to see the sheriff respect immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad to see people get deported,” she said in Spanish. “We only want them to respect us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Emslie, Lisa Pickoff-White and Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Hundreds of people protested and city officials vowed to fight the president's immigration orders on Wednesday.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area cities are preparing for a fight against increased immigration enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/25/trump-moves-to-build-border-wall-cut-sanctuary-city-funds/\">ordered by President Donald Trump on Wednesday\u003c/a>. Hundreds of people rallied in Martinez and San Francisco calling for the protection of immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About an hour after President Donald Trump signed the executive orders, about 100 people protested in front of San Francisco's City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a message for the bully in chief. We will fight you in the streets, we will fight you in the courts, we will fight you in our workplace, we will fight you on legislative floors, we will fight you in our churches, we will fight you in our neighborhoods, we will fight you in our union halls. You better be ready for a fight because we are protecting our sanctuary city and our immigrant communities by any means necessary,\" said San Francisco Supervisor Hillary Ronen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus, said that the president is going to have a legal battle on his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These immigration holds are not backed by a judicial authorization,\" she said. \"They violate the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, and soon after we passed that law, federal courts found immigration holds to be unconstitutional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11286501\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond protested the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office policy of cooperating with federal immigration agents by calling immigrants on probation in for meetings, then handing them over to federal custody. "We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE ," she said. "What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond, protested Wednesday in Martinez. \"We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE,\" she said. \"What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not.\" \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other advocates argued that Trump's policies make the country less secure because they cause a rift between law enforcement and local communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The safety of people in my community is now at risk, and the already fractured relationship between law enforcement and communities like mine is about to get worse,\" said the Rev. Richard Smith, vicar of the Episcopal Church of St. John the Evangelist in the Mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayors from Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley issued a joint statement proclaiming their commitment to sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Martinez, a coalition of local groups held a previously planned rally to demand that the sheriff stop using probation meetings to deport immigrants. A report in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/ambushed-contra-costa-county-law-enforcement-sets-up-surprise-stings-to-help-federal-immigration-agents-arrest-and-deport-immigrants/Content?oid=5078922\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> found that the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s Office staff would call immigrants serving probation in for administrative meetings, where Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents would be ready to arrest them and begin deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that violates California’s Trust Act, which shields law enforcement from complying with ICE requests to hold someone until an agent can arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11286500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa Administrative Building in Martinez on Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2017. The demonstration was organized by the Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition (CCCRJC) and the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment (ACCE) to demand that the Sheriff's Office stop cooperating with federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). "We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE," he said in Spanish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa County Administrative Building. \"We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE,\" he said in Spanish. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melvin Willis, a newly elected member of the Richmond City Council, was at the Martinez rally, alongside organizers from Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition and Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They actively have a contract with ICE,” he said. “They were ambushing people who were undocumented in Contra Costa County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff David Livingston told protesters that he will follow the law. If ICE asks him to hold someone, the answer is no, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, if they make a request that we notify them when an inmate is going to be released, we comply with that part of the order,\" he said. \"They are free to talk to an immigrant only when they are being released — only when they are being released — we won’t detain them a minute longer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candelaria Martinez, 49, of Richmond, said she wants to see the sheriff respect immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad to see people get deported,” she said in Spanish. “We only want them to respect us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Emslie, Lisa Pickoff-White and Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Questions, Resistance Greet Trump's Immigration Orders in California",
"title": "Questions, Resistance Greet Trump's Immigration Orders in California",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>President Donald Trump signed two executive orders Wednesday dealing with immigration policy -- including \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">one that seeks to strip federal funding from \"sanctuary jurisdictions.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary jurisdictions across the United States willfully violate federal law in an attempt to shield aliens from removal of the United States,\" he wrote in the order. \"These jurisdictions have caused immeasurable harm to the American people and to the very fabric of our republic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials in sanctuary cities are vowing to stand strong against efforts to force them to do the job of federal immigration authorities -- \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">and immigration experts believe the law is largely on the side of local jurisdictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We stand by our sanctuary city because we want everybody to feel safe and to be able to utilize the services they deserve, including education and health care,\" San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee said Wednesday. \"Certainly his pronouncements do pit people against each other. And I think it's my obligation to keep our city in unity, keep it strong -- make sure that we are taking care of each other regardless of status, regardless of documentation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vIZhMG6319dKowBh1exXLPPdDNZM00R1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no uniform -- or legal -- definition, but sanctuary cities are generally defined as governments that restrict their law enforcement agencies from cooperating with deportation enforcement actions. What that means can vary from county to county or city to city; Los Angeles' policy is a decades-old Police Department order, while San Francisco has actual laws on the books limiting city employees' ability to interact with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To define a sanctuary city in the executive order, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1373\">cited a section of federal law \u003c/a>that states local agencies must communicate with federal immigration authorities. But Angela Chan, an immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, said every single police agency in the nation already does that -- they send ICE the fingerprints of each and every person who is booked into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What cities like Oakland, San Francisco and Los Angeles don't do is hold a person in jail so that immigration agents can pick them up for deportation if they should be released otherwise. So Chan said it's unclear which jurisdictions Trump's order would actually apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order leaves it up to the U.S. attorney general and secretary of the Department of Homeland Security to decide which cities would have funding withheld.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she believes the order was purposely vague because \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trump-cant-force-sanctuary-cities-to-enforce-his-deportation-plans/2016/12/22/421174d4-c7a4-11e6-85b5-76616a33048d_story.html?utm_term=.1525cbad3b85\">there are several court cases\u003c/a> dealing with states' rights that could make it difficult for the Trump administration to legally require cities and counties to enforce immigration law -- and that limit what funds they can withhold from cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are well aware of many, many court decisions that have found ICE detainers to violate the constitution -- because they constitute unreasonable search and seizure. So they know many actions of ICE have been found to violate the constitution, and so there are limits to what they can do,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sort of money could be withheld is also up for debate. The order cites \"federal grants,\" but \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-11-29/sanctuary-cities-are-safe-thanks-to-conservatives\">the U.S. Supreme Court has held that the federal government can't coerce states into instituting federal policies \u003c/a>by withholding money unrelated to that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, law enforcement grants may be fair game, but grants unrelated to immigration or police work are probably out of bounds. San Francisco, for example, gets nearly $1 billion in federal funds each year, but only about $10 million in law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera said the vague nature of Wednesday's order makes it difficult for city leaders to respond just yet, but he said it's ironic that Trump is enacting these orders in the name of public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"To me, it's incredibly disheartening and disappointing that the president is scapegoating the immigrant community throughout the country, and in particular those that have sanctuary policies ... designed to \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help law enforcement keep the streets safe,\" he said, noting that these policies were designed in part to ensure that immigrant communities felt comfortable reporting crimes to police. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera said he doesn't expect anything to happen quickly in terms of moves to strip funding from cities like San Francisco, \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but the second we got wind of something threatening our city, its laws and policies, rest assured we would do what we need -- including going to court.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Donald Trump signed two executive orders Wednesday dealing with immigration policy -- including \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">one that seeks to strip federal funding from \"sanctuary jurisdictions.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary jurisdictions across the United States willfully violate federal law in an attempt to shield aliens from removal of the United States,\" he wrote in the order. \"These jurisdictions have caused immeasurable harm to the American people and to the very fabric of our republic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials in sanctuary cities are vowing to stand strong against efforts to force them to do the job of federal immigration authorities -- \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">and immigration experts believe the law is largely on the side of local jurisdictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We stand by our sanctuary city because we want everybody to feel safe and to be able to utilize the services they deserve, including education and health care,\" San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee said Wednesday. \"Certainly his pronouncements do pit people against each other. And I think it's my obligation to keep our city in unity, keep it strong -- make sure that we are taking care of each other regardless of status, regardless of documentation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no uniform -- or legal -- definition, but sanctuary cities are generally defined as governments that restrict their law enforcement agencies from cooperating with deportation enforcement actions. What that means can vary from county to county or city to city; Los Angeles' policy is a decades-old Police Department order, while San Francisco has actual laws on the books limiting city employees' ability to interact with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To define a sanctuary city in the executive order, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1373\">cited a section of federal law \u003c/a>that states local agencies must communicate with federal immigration authorities. But Angela Chan, an immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, said every single police agency in the nation already does that -- they send ICE the fingerprints of each and every person who is booked into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What cities like Oakland, San Francisco and Los Angeles don't do is hold a person in jail so that immigration agents can pick them up for deportation if they should be released otherwise. So Chan said it's unclear which jurisdictions Trump's order would actually apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order leaves it up to the U.S. attorney general and secretary of the Department of Homeland Security to decide which cities would have funding withheld.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she believes the order was purposely vague because \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trump-cant-force-sanctuary-cities-to-enforce-his-deportation-plans/2016/12/22/421174d4-c7a4-11e6-85b5-76616a33048d_story.html?utm_term=.1525cbad3b85\">there are several court cases\u003c/a> dealing with states' rights that could make it difficult for the Trump administration to legally require cities and counties to enforce immigration law -- and that limit what funds they can withhold from cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are well aware of many, many court decisions that have found ICE detainers to violate the constitution -- because they constitute unreasonable search and seizure. So they know many actions of ICE have been found to violate the constitution, and so there are limits to what they can do,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sort of money could be withheld is also up for debate. The order cites \"federal grants,\" but \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-11-29/sanctuary-cities-are-safe-thanks-to-conservatives\">the U.S. Supreme Court has held that the federal government can't coerce states into instituting federal policies \u003c/a>by withholding money unrelated to that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, law enforcement grants may be fair game, but grants unrelated to immigration or police work are probably out of bounds. San Francisco, for example, gets nearly $1 billion in federal funds each year, but only about $10 million in law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera said the vague nature of Wednesday's order makes it difficult for city leaders to respond just yet, but he said it's ironic that Trump is enacting these orders in the name of public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"To me, it's incredibly disheartening and disappointing that the president is scapegoating the immigrant community throughout the country, and in particular those that have sanctuary policies ... designed to \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help law enforcement keep the streets safe,\" he said, noting that these policies were designed in part to ensure that immigrant communities felt comfortable reporting crimes to police. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera said he doesn't expect anything to happen quickly in terms of moves to strip funding from cities like San Francisco, \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but the second we got wind of something threatening our city, its laws and policies, rest assured we would do what we need -- including going to court.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- President Donald Trump moved aggressively to tighten the nation's immigration policies Wednesday, signing executive actions to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall and block federal grants from immigrant-protecting \"sanctuary cities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been talking about this right from the beginning,\" Trump said during a brief signing ceremony at the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday afternoon, the White House had not circulated copies of the documents or briefed reporters on the details, as has been typical practice in past administrations. But Trump cast his actions as fulfillment of his campaign pledge to enact hard-line immigration measures, including construction of a wall paid for by Mexico. U.S. taxpayers are expected to pay for the upfront costs, though Trump continues to assert that Mexico will reimburse the money through unspecified means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with ABC News earlier Wednesday, Trump said, \"There will be a payment; it will be in a form, perhaps a complicated form.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has repeatedly said the border structure will be a wall, his spokesman Sean Spicer said more generally Wednesday the president was ordering construction of a \"large physical barrier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, who has insisted his country will not pay for a wall, is to meet with Trump at the White House next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orders Trump signed Wednesday also increase the number of Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents to be hired. And the president ordered the end of what Republicans have labeled a catch-and-release system at the border. Currently, some immigrants caught crossing the border illegally are released and given notices to report back to immigration officials at a later date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the week, Trump is expected to sign orders restricting the flow of refugees into the United States. His current proposal includes at least a four-month halt on all refugee admissions, as well as a temporary ban on people coming from some Muslim-majority countries, according to a source from a public policy organization that monitors refugee issues. The person was briefed on the details of that proposed action by a government official and outlined the plan to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public policy organization source insisted on anonymity in order to outline the plans ahead of the president's official announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump campaigned on pledges to tighten U.S. immigration policies, including strengthening border security and stemming the flow of refugees. His call for a border wall was among his most popular proposals with supporters, who often broke out in chants of \"build that wall\" during rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to terrorism concerns, Trump controversially called for halting entry to the U.S. from Muslim countries. He later turned to a focus on \"extreme vetting\" for those coming from countries with terrorism ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the wall, the president may rely on a 2006 law that authorized several hundred miles of fencing along the 2,000-mile frontier. That bill led to the construction of about 700 miles of various kinds of fencing designed to block both vehicles and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure Fence Act was signed by then-President George W. Bush, and the majority of that fencing in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California was built before he left office. The last remnants were completed after President Barack Obama took office in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration also must adhere to a decades-old border treaty with Mexico that limits where and how structures can be built. The 1970 treaty requires that structures cannot disrupt the flow of the rivers, which define the U.S.-Mexico border along Texas and 24 miles in Arizona, according to the International Boundary and Water Commission, a joint U.S.-Mexican agency that administers the treaty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's order to crack down on sanctuary cities — locales that don't cooperate with immigration authorities — could cost individual jurisdictions millions of dollars. But the administration may face legal challenges, given that some federal courts have found that local jurisdictions cannot hold immigrants beyond their jail term or deny them bond based only a request from immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appeared as though the refugee restrictions were still being finalized. The person briefed on the proposals said they included a ban on entry to the U.S. for at least 30 days from countries including Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, though the person cautioned the details could still change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is also likely to be an exception for those fleeing religious persecution if their religion is a minority in their country. That exception could cover Christians fleeing Muslim-majority nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, Trump can use an executive order to halt refugee processing. Bush used that same power in the immediate aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks. Refugee security vetting was reviewed and the process was restarted several months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Zoll reported from New York. AP writer Alicia A. Caldwell in Washington contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow Julie Pace at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC , Vivian Salama at http://twitter.com/vmsalama and Rachel Zoll at http://twitter.com/rzollAP\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- President Donald Trump moved aggressively to tighten the nation's immigration policies Wednesday, signing executive actions to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall and block federal grants from immigrant-protecting \"sanctuary cities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been talking about this right from the beginning,\" Trump said during a brief signing ceremony at the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday afternoon, the White House had not circulated copies of the documents or briefed reporters on the details, as has been typical practice in past administrations. But Trump cast his actions as fulfillment of his campaign pledge to enact hard-line immigration measures, including construction of a wall paid for by Mexico. U.S. taxpayers are expected to pay for the upfront costs, though Trump continues to assert that Mexico will reimburse the money through unspecified means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with ABC News earlier Wednesday, Trump said, \"There will be a payment; it will be in a form, perhaps a complicated form.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has repeatedly said the border structure will be a wall, his spokesman Sean Spicer said more generally Wednesday the president was ordering construction of a \"large physical barrier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, who has insisted his country will not pay for a wall, is to meet with Trump at the White House next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orders Trump signed Wednesday also increase the number of Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents to be hired. And the president ordered the end of what Republicans have labeled a catch-and-release system at the border. Currently, some immigrants caught crossing the border illegally are released and given notices to report back to immigration officials at a later date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the week, Trump is expected to sign orders restricting the flow of refugees into the United States. His current proposal includes at least a four-month halt on all refugee admissions, as well as a temporary ban on people coming from some Muslim-majority countries, according to a source from a public policy organization that monitors refugee issues. The person was briefed on the details of that proposed action by a government official and outlined the plan to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public policy organization source insisted on anonymity in order to outline the plans ahead of the president's official announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump campaigned on pledges to tighten U.S. immigration policies, including strengthening border security and stemming the flow of refugees. His call for a border wall was among his most popular proposals with supporters, who often broke out in chants of \"build that wall\" during rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to terrorism concerns, Trump controversially called for halting entry to the U.S. from Muslim countries. He later turned to a focus on \"extreme vetting\" for those coming from countries with terrorism ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the wall, the president may rely on a 2006 law that authorized several hundred miles of fencing along the 2,000-mile frontier. That bill led to the construction of about 700 miles of various kinds of fencing designed to block both vehicles and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure Fence Act was signed by then-President George W. Bush, and the majority of that fencing in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California was built before he left office. The last remnants were completed after President Barack Obama took office in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration also must adhere to a decades-old border treaty with Mexico that limits where and how structures can be built. The 1970 treaty requires that structures cannot disrupt the flow of the rivers, which define the U.S.-Mexico border along Texas and 24 miles in Arizona, according to the International Boundary and Water Commission, a joint U.S.-Mexican agency that administers the treaty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's order to crack down on sanctuary cities — locales that don't cooperate with immigration authorities — could cost individual jurisdictions millions of dollars. But the administration may face legal challenges, given that some federal courts have found that local jurisdictions cannot hold immigrants beyond their jail term or deny them bond based only a request from immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appeared as though the refugee restrictions were still being finalized. The person briefed on the proposals said they included a ban on entry to the U.S. for at least 30 days from countries including Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, though the person cautioned the details could still change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is also likely to be an exception for those fleeing religious persecution if their religion is a minority in their country. That exception could cover Christians fleeing Muslim-majority nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, Trump can use an executive order to halt refugee processing. Bush used that same power in the immediate aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks. Refugee security vetting was reviewed and the process was restarted several months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Zoll reported from New York. AP writer Alicia A. Caldwell in Washington contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow Julie Pace at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC , Vivian Salama at http://twitter.com/vmsalama and Rachel Zoll at http://twitter.com/rzollAP\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Donald Trump talked a lot about building a wall between the U.S. and Mexico when he was a candidate. Now that he is president, it's unclear just what that wall is going to look like and when it might get built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know so far is that it's likely to be a fence, not a wall, it won't extend the length of the border and it will be very unpopular with its southern neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, about a third of the 2,000-mile border with Mexico is fenced. Some parts are 10 feet tall, some are 20 feet, some are wire mesh, some are steel beams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest kind of fencing is made of landing mat material from the Vietnam War — it's the \"primary fence, which is a vehicle barrier\" so vehicles won't easily be able to drive from Mexico into the U.S., says James Nielsen, a Border Patrol agent in the San Diego sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border enforcement officials have been telling Trump's transition team that a fence alone is not enough. You also need agents, camera towers, stadium lights and sensors. If the president insists on a \"great wall\" to deliver on his campaign promise, Customs and Border Protection has identified 400 miles where the fence can be extended or reinforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511165471/511165472\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly sections where it remains impractical. For instance, the border fence stops at a gnarly mountain range at Otay Mesa about 15 miles east of the Pacific Ocean. The view from here is open country — no dividing line, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time that this fence was built, it was too expensive to continue,\" says Border Patrol spokesman Joshua Devack. The mountains are a natural barrier that, he says, \"a lot of crossers choose not to climb. ... They prefer to have access to roads and civilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09244r.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">eight-year-old estimate by the Government Accountability Office\u003c/a>, the border fence cost the government $3 million to $4 million a mile to build. Estimates for additional fencing — in harsher terrain — could surpass $10 million a mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"This is going to divide us more\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump still says he will give the bill to Mexico. Earlier this month, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto restated that his country \"of course\" will not pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing wall and talk of more wall remains unpopular with Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Border Patrol agents are being interviewed, a 15-year-old Mexican girl named Carla Martinez watches from a park on the Tijuana side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are against it,\" she says into a microphone thrust through a narrow space between the thick iron posts. \"We won't pay for it. It's bad because it's racist. There has to be a border between different countries, but this is just going to divide us more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not made the fence-building easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-2000s, Sundt Construction erected about 100 miles of fence in the remote west desert. Company President Mike Hoover says the U.S. government told his construction crews not to set foot across the international divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11283812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11283812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista. \u003ccite>(John Burnett/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"So we had a tight working area. That was a challenge. It was unusual but with proper planning we could work our way through that,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other challenges:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In one stretch near Yuma, Ariz., the soil was so soft workers had to tow their equipment in with bulldozers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In some places, they had to blast through solid rock to set the fence panels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Summer temperatures soared above 100 degrees; workers had to take frequent breaks to avoid heatstroke.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And because some Mexicans were hostile to the fence, Hoover says federal border agents and private security guards had to protect the construction crews around the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did have some instances of rock-throwing from the Mexican side. I know of at least one instance where we had some shots fired in our direction, close enough that we were plenty worried,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, if Trump gets his wall, Sundt Construction hopes to win a new contract and return to the border to continue the international fence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Donald Trump talked a lot about building a wall between the U.S. and Mexico when he was a candidate. Now that he is president, it's unclear just what that wall is going to look like and when it might get built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know so far is that it's likely to be a fence, not a wall, it won't extend the length of the border and it will be very unpopular with its southern neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, about a third of the 2,000-mile border with Mexico is fenced. Some parts are 10 feet tall, some are 20 feet, some are wire mesh, some are steel beams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest kind of fencing is made of landing mat material from the Vietnam War — it's the \"primary fence, which is a vehicle barrier\" so vehicles won't easily be able to drive from Mexico into the U.S., says James Nielsen, a Border Patrol agent in the San Diego sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border enforcement officials have been telling Trump's transition team that a fence alone is not enough. You also need agents, camera towers, stadium lights and sensors. If the president insists on a \"great wall\" to deliver on his campaign promise, Customs and Border Protection has identified 400 miles where the fence can be extended or reinforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511165471/511165472\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly sections where it remains impractical. For instance, the border fence stops at a gnarly mountain range at Otay Mesa about 15 miles east of the Pacific Ocean. The view from here is open country — no dividing line, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time that this fence was built, it was too expensive to continue,\" says Border Patrol spokesman Joshua Devack. The mountains are a natural barrier that, he says, \"a lot of crossers choose not to climb. ... They prefer to have access to roads and civilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09244r.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">eight-year-old estimate by the Government Accountability Office\u003c/a>, the border fence cost the government $3 million to $4 million a mile to build. Estimates for additional fencing — in harsher terrain — could surpass $10 million a mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"This is going to divide us more\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump still says he will give the bill to Mexico. Earlier this month, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto restated that his country \"of course\" will not pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing wall and talk of more wall remains unpopular with Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Border Patrol agents are being interviewed, a 15-year-old Mexican girl named Carla Martinez watches from a park on the Tijuana side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are against it,\" she says into a microphone thrust through a narrow space between the thick iron posts. \"We won't pay for it. It's bad because it's racist. There has to be a border between different countries, but this is just going to divide us more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not made the fence-building easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-2000s, Sundt Construction erected about 100 miles of fence in the remote west desert. Company President Mike Hoover says the U.S. government told his construction crews not to set foot across the international divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11283812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11283812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista. \u003ccite>(John Burnett/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"So we had a tight working area. That was a challenge. It was unusual but with proper planning we could work our way through that,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other challenges:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In one stretch near Yuma, Ariz., the soil was so soft workers had to tow their equipment in with bulldozers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In some places, they had to blast through solid rock to set the fence panels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Summer temperatures soared above 100 degrees; workers had to take frequent breaks to avoid heatstroke.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And because some Mexicans were hostile to the fence, Hoover says federal border agents and private security guards had to protect the construction crews around the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did have some instances of rock-throwing from the Mexican side. I know of at least one instance where we had some shots fired in our direction, close enough that we were plenty worried,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, if Trump gets his wall, Sundt Construction hopes to win a new contract and return to the border to continue the international fence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the eve of the 45th presidential inauguration, Muslims, Christians, Jews and Sikhs sit side by side in the front pews of Fresno’s First Congregational Church. Religious leaders as well as congregants take turns at the podium offering prayers and pleas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stand here to unite in prayer and solidarity with each other and for each and every group that is marginalized in our community. We pray for peace that is rooted in justice,” says Reza Nekumanesh, director of the Islamic Cultural Center of Fresno. “Without justice, peace is nothing but a seductive illusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice is the thread that weaves this crowd together. It’s an interfaith vigil, sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://faithinthevalley.org/\">Faith in the Valley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://faithinfresno.org/fic/about.php\">Faith in Fresno\u003c/a>, to unite people who feel threatened by President Trump’s stance on Obamacare, religious freedom and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend Akiko Miyake-Stoner of the United Japanese Christian Church tells a story of another divisive time in America’s history, when Japanese Americans were put in internment camps during World War II. She says a Methodist Pastor in Fresno, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-melvin-wheatley15-2009mar15-story.html\">Melvin E. Wheatley\u003c/a>, moved into the empty home of one family to protect it from vandals and looting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He tells this story of being home at night and hearing gunshots outside of his house and receiving death threats,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miyake-Stoner says she will follow in Wheatley’s footsteps and ask her Japanese-American congregation to stand in solidarity with another group that currently feels threatened: Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s fitting, she says, that “Japanese-Americans stand with our Muslim American brothers and sisters who have received so much hate and pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11279405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg\" alt=\"An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11279405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-160x163.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1020x1038.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1180x1201.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-960x977.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-240x244.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-375x382.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-520x529.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rabbi Rick Winer of Temple Beth Israel asks the audience, “what can we do as individuals, as people?” He suggests they turn to each other and explain how they will fight injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jess Fitzpatrick and his husband Jordan turn around to face two Sikhs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick says he’s seen his share of bullying and won’t tolerate it. “If I ever see somebody being verbally or physically assaulted, I will be willing and ready to step in and put myself between the person being hurt and the attacker,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick, a member of the First Congregational Church, says he wants to learn more about other religions. Amrik Singh Virk, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sikhcouncilcentralca.com/\">Sikh Council of Central California\u003c/a>, says he is always welcome at a Sikh temple. Sikhs have an open kitchen, he says. They’ll feed anyone who is hungry. They believe any human encounter is a chance to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Even if a person is stuck on the road, it is my duty that I stop and check with him,” says Virk. “This is a basic human instinct that we must fulfill our duty towards other people of helping.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estefania Torres served as the host for the event and introduced all of the speakers. She is a Fresno State student, and the only one of her siblings who is undocumented. She says she’s terrified she will be deported and wonders how her younger brothers and sisters would manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because we’re so close,” she says. “So if something were to happen to me, I know it would really hurt them and my parents as well.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s why she’s here tonight, she says, to speak out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Knowing that the community is all here to support each other, I’ve decided I would raise my voice as well,” she says. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I wanna support others and let other people know they’re not alone. I kind of wanted that reassurance for myself tonight. So not only did I do it for the other people but for myself.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the eve of the 45th presidential inauguration, Muslims, Christians, Jews and Sikhs sit side by side in the front pews of Fresno’s First Congregational Church. Religious leaders as well as congregants take turns at the podium offering prayers and pleas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stand here to unite in prayer and solidarity with each other and for each and every group that is marginalized in our community. We pray for peace that is rooted in justice,” says Reza Nekumanesh, director of the Islamic Cultural Center of Fresno. “Without justice, peace is nothing but a seductive illusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice is the thread that weaves this crowd together. It’s an interfaith vigil, sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://faithinthevalley.org/\">Faith in the Valley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://faithinfresno.org/fic/about.php\">Faith in Fresno\u003c/a>, to unite people who feel threatened by President Trump’s stance on Obamacare, religious freedom and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend Akiko Miyake-Stoner of the United Japanese Christian Church tells a story of another divisive time in America’s history, when Japanese Americans were put in internment camps during World War II. She says a Methodist Pastor in Fresno, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-melvin-wheatley15-2009mar15-story.html\">Melvin E. Wheatley\u003c/a>, moved into the empty home of one family to protect it from vandals and looting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He tells this story of being home at night and hearing gunshots outside of his house and receiving death threats,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miyake-Stoner says she will follow in Wheatley’s footsteps and ask her Japanese-American congregation to stand in solidarity with another group that currently feels threatened: Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s fitting, she says, that “Japanese-Americans stand with our Muslim American brothers and sisters who have received so much hate and pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11279405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg\" alt=\"An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11279405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-160x163.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1020x1038.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1180x1201.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-960x977.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-240x244.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-375x382.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-520x529.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rabbi Rick Winer of Temple Beth Israel asks the audience, “what can we do as individuals, as people?” He suggests they turn to each other and explain how they will fight injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jess Fitzpatrick and his husband Jordan turn around to face two Sikhs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick says he’s seen his share of bullying and won’t tolerate it. “If I ever see somebody being verbally or physically assaulted, I will be willing and ready to step in and put myself between the person being hurt and the attacker,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick, a member of the First Congregational Church, says he wants to learn more about other religions. Amrik Singh Virk, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sikhcouncilcentralca.com/\">Sikh Council of Central California\u003c/a>, says he is always welcome at a Sikh temple. Sikhs have an open kitchen, he says. They’ll feed anyone who is hungry. They believe any human encounter is a chance to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Even if a person is stuck on the road, it is my duty that I stop and check with him,” says Virk. “This is a basic human instinct that we must fulfill our duty towards other people of helping.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estefania Torres served as the host for the event and introduced all of the speakers. She is a Fresno State student, and the only one of her siblings who is undocumented. She says she’s terrified she will be deported and wonders how her younger brothers and sisters would manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because we’re so close,” she says. “So if something were to happen to me, I know it would really hurt them and my parents as well.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s why she’s here tonight, she says, to speak out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Knowing that the community is all here to support each other, I’ve decided I would raise my voice as well,” she says. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I wanna support others and let other people know they’re not alone. I kind of wanted that reassurance for myself tonight. So not only did I do it for the other people but for myself.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Nail Salon Workers Allege Wage Theft, Indicate Larger Exploitation",
"title": "Nail Salon Workers Allege Wage Theft, Indicate Larger Exploitation",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Many nail salons in California may be systematically cheating their employees, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/sites/default/files/nail-salon-case-filing.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed in Orange County Superior Court by the civil rights organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/\">Asian Americans Advancing Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four Vietnamese women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated \u003ca href=\"http://labor.ca.gov/laborlawreg.htm\">California labor laws \u003c/a>in a number of ways, including breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/SB3_FAQ.htm\">minimum wage \u003c/a>law. It’s not the first time the salon has been accused of labor law transgressions — three years ago state officials fined Tustin Nail Spa $28,000 for violation of labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Laboni Hoq, litigation director for Asian Americans Advancing Justice and attorney for the four women filing the lawsuit, nail salons are one of the hidden labor segments in California where exploitation of workers is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practices that they were subject to at this nail salon,\" Hoq says, \"is really indicative of practices we've seen and heard about throughout the nail salon industry in Southern California and likely throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 licensed nail salons in California -- roughly 70 percent of them are owned or staffed by Asian-Americans, predominantly Vietnamese-Americans. That's especially true in the Little Saigon area of Orange County, which boasts the largest Vietnamese population outside of Vietnam. Nail salons are in almost every small strip mall throughout Little Saigon. Within a few blocks of the Tustin Nail Spa there are a dozen other salons, including two right across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fred Jones, executive director of the trade association \u003ca href=\"http://www.beautyfederation.org/\">Professional Beauty Federation of California\u003c/a>, nail salons offer a good entry opportunity -- both for unskilled workers to get a job and for entrepreneurs who want to start a business with limited capital. But as salons have proliferated, he says, competition has gotten cutthroat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With nail salons in particular, it’s really been a race to the bottom,” Jones says, “based solely on how cheap we can give a mani-pedi.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pressure on owners to cut corners and cost is what's pushing the wage fight with employees, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thu Hang Pham is one of the former workers filing the lawsuit. She says workers were required to clock in and out as employees, but in actuality worked many more hours, with few or no breaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have paychecks, but those would not be true to what the hours were,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11275682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg\" alt=\"Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \" width=\"800\" height=\"811\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11275682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1180x1196.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-960x973.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-240x243.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-375x380.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-520x527.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says the system of paying workers strictly on commission resulted in manicurists often working long hours for little pay, with the potential for salary to even fall below minimum wage. The tipping point for Pham came when salon owners wanted to change employees’ work designation to \"independent contractor\" — but without any of the benefits of being a contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They wanted us to rent the work stations, get an independent license, but all of those other things wouldn’t change, we still would have to give up 40 percent of our money to the owner,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California labor law says if business owners set the rates and hours of employment, they need to pay workers as employees, not contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Chen is coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://lohp.org/\">Labor Occupational Health Program\u003c/a>. She says it’s extremely common in the nail salon industry for owners to avoid paying overtime, vacations or holidays, or even provide work breaks. But to do all of that to employees, and then make them pay for the privilege of working there, that seems to have hit a nerve with salon employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"MVpQOnuXM50hPItpxfN6WjkxLE9mCaQv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question of whether workers are independent contractors or employees is a gateway question for the nail salon community,” Chen says. “It can be very difficult to penetrate those employment practices and change them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is trying. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_2001-2050/ab_2025_cfa_20160627_181456_sen_comm.html\">new law \u003c/a>goes into effect in July in California -- as part of all license renewals, salon owners and workers will need to sign off on a basic understanding of California labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones of the Beauty Federation says the end result of changes in salary structure within the nail salon industry will be felt by consumers. The days of the impossibly cheap $16 mani-pedi could come to an end. He thinks that may not be a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you see a nail salon that’s offering a mani-pedi for under $20, the first reaction of course, it’s human nature, is, 'Yippee! Let’s go!'\" Jones says. “But hopefully with some time and reflection, you need to start asking as a consumer, 'What goes into a manicure and a pedicure?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a common saying in the Vietnamese community: Don’t kick your bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, lawsuit proponents say, that means: don’t raise a fuss, even when you think employment practices might violate state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese nail salons are a closed and insular community, advocates say. Airing this case in court might do more than help four former nail salon workers -- it could help change employment practices that are both accepted and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A preliminary hearing is set for Jan. 27 in Orange County Superior Court.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many nail salons in California may be systematically cheating their employees, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/sites/default/files/nail-salon-case-filing.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed in Orange County Superior Court by the civil rights organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/\">Asian Americans Advancing Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four Vietnamese women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated \u003ca href=\"http://labor.ca.gov/laborlawreg.htm\">California labor laws \u003c/a>in a number of ways, including breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/SB3_FAQ.htm\">minimum wage \u003c/a>law. It’s not the first time the salon has been accused of labor law transgressions — three years ago state officials fined Tustin Nail Spa $28,000 for violation of labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Laboni Hoq, litigation director for Asian Americans Advancing Justice and attorney for the four women filing the lawsuit, nail salons are one of the hidden labor segments in California where exploitation of workers is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practices that they were subject to at this nail salon,\" Hoq says, \"is really indicative of practices we've seen and heard about throughout the nail salon industry in Southern California and likely throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 licensed nail salons in California -- roughly 70 percent of them are owned or staffed by Asian-Americans, predominantly Vietnamese-Americans. That's especially true in the Little Saigon area of Orange County, which boasts the largest Vietnamese population outside of Vietnam. Nail salons are in almost every small strip mall throughout Little Saigon. Within a few blocks of the Tustin Nail Spa there are a dozen other salons, including two right across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fred Jones, executive director of the trade association \u003ca href=\"http://www.beautyfederation.org/\">Professional Beauty Federation of California\u003c/a>, nail salons offer a good entry opportunity -- both for unskilled workers to get a job and for entrepreneurs who want to start a business with limited capital. But as salons have proliferated, he says, competition has gotten cutthroat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With nail salons in particular, it’s really been a race to the bottom,” Jones says, “based solely on how cheap we can give a mani-pedi.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pressure on owners to cut corners and cost is what's pushing the wage fight with employees, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thu Hang Pham is one of the former workers filing the lawsuit. She says workers were required to clock in and out as employees, but in actuality worked many more hours, with few or no breaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have paychecks, but those would not be true to what the hours were,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11275682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg\" alt=\"Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \" width=\"800\" height=\"811\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11275682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1180x1196.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-960x973.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-240x243.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-375x380.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-520x527.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says the system of paying workers strictly on commission resulted in manicurists often working long hours for little pay, with the potential for salary to even fall below minimum wage. The tipping point for Pham came when salon owners wanted to change employees’ work designation to \"independent contractor\" — but without any of the benefits of being a contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They wanted us to rent the work stations, get an independent license, but all of those other things wouldn’t change, we still would have to give up 40 percent of our money to the owner,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California labor law says if business owners set the rates and hours of employment, they need to pay workers as employees, not contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Chen is coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://lohp.org/\">Labor Occupational Health Program\u003c/a>. She says it’s extremely common in the nail salon industry for owners to avoid paying overtime, vacations or holidays, or even provide work breaks. But to do all of that to employees, and then make them pay for the privilege of working there, that seems to have hit a nerve with salon employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question of whether workers are independent contractors or employees is a gateway question for the nail salon community,” Chen says. “It can be very difficult to penetrate those employment practices and change them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is trying. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_2001-2050/ab_2025_cfa_20160627_181456_sen_comm.html\">new law \u003c/a>goes into effect in July in California -- as part of all license renewals, salon owners and workers will need to sign off on a basic understanding of California labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones of the Beauty Federation says the end result of changes in salary structure within the nail salon industry will be felt by consumers. The days of the impossibly cheap $16 mani-pedi could come to an end. He thinks that may not be a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you see a nail salon that’s offering a mani-pedi for under $20, the first reaction of course, it’s human nature, is, 'Yippee! Let’s go!'\" Jones says. “But hopefully with some time and reflection, you need to start asking as a consumer, 'What goes into a manicure and a pedicure?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a common saying in the Vietnamese community: Don’t kick your bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, lawsuit proponents say, that means: don’t raise a fuss, even when you think employment practices might violate state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese nail salons are a closed and insular community, advocates say. Airing this case in court might do more than help four former nail salon workers -- it could help change employment practices that are both accepted and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A preliminary hearing is set for Jan. 27 in Orange County Superior Court.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Mayors from across the country urged the incoming Trump administration on Wednesday to take a bipartisan approach to immigration, calling for comprehensive reform and keeping programs that protect the temporary status of Dreamers and the families of those serving in the armed forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayors made their appeal in an emergency resolution endorsed by the executive committee of the U.S. Conference of Mayors, which is meeting this week in the nation’s capital ahead of President-elect Trump’s inauguration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have too many people who live in fear … fear that there will be a knock on their door and that their American Dream will come to a halt,” said Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti. “We demand something that is better and together we say that there is a pathway forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting the economic benefits that immigrants bring, and that Dreamers have experienced since they have been able to work, Garcetti said: “If we fail this, we fail our economy, we fail our nation. We don’t just fail these Dreamers and these immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said since his election that he will deport millions of people who are not in the U.S. legally, but \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-2016-donald-trump/?iid=buttonrecirc\">recently softened his stance\u003c/a> on Dreamers — young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children. About 740,000 of them signed up for one of President Obama’s signature policies, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), which has temporarily protected them from deportation and has allowed them to work in this country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition of mayors stressed the bipartisan nature of their group and said it could serve as an example for Congress and the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re asking for is really very simple: In a bipartisan way — because this really isn’t a partisan issue — we are asking for Congress … to fix a broken immigration system that we have to deal with on a day in and day out basis,” said Anaheim Mayor Tom Tait, a Republican.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mayors from across the country urged the incoming Trump administration on Wednesday to take a bipartisan approach to immigration, calling for comprehensive reform and keeping programs that protect the temporary status of Dreamers and the families of those serving in the armed forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayors made their appeal in an emergency resolution endorsed by the executive committee of the U.S. Conference of Mayors, which is meeting this week in the nation’s capital ahead of President-elect Trump’s inauguration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have too many people who live in fear … fear that there will be a knock on their door and that their American Dream will come to a halt,” said Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti. “We demand something that is better and together we say that there is a pathway forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting the economic benefits that immigrants bring, and that Dreamers have experienced since they have been able to work, Garcetti said: “If we fail this, we fail our economy, we fail our nation. We don’t just fail these Dreamers and these immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said since his election that he will deport millions of people who are not in the U.S. legally, but \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-2016-donald-trump/?iid=buttonrecirc\">recently softened his stance\u003c/a> on Dreamers — young undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children. About 740,000 of them signed up for one of President Obama’s signature policies, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), which has temporarily protected them from deportation and has allowed them to work in this country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition of mayors stressed the bipartisan nature of their group and said it could serve as an example for Congress and the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re asking for is really very simple: In a bipartisan way — because this really isn’t a partisan issue — we are asking for Congress … to fix a broken immigration system that we have to deal with on a day in and day out basis,” said Anaheim Mayor Tom Tait, a Republican.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Tale of Two Hearings: Attorney General Nominees Strike Different Tone on Immigration",
"title": "Tale of Two Hearings: Attorney General Nominees Strike Different Tone on Immigration",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>In confirmation hearings taking place simultaneously on opposite coasts of the country, nominees for the top law enforcement posts in the nation and California laid out strikingly different positions on immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL), President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for attorney general, took questions from members of the Senate Judiciary Committee in Washington. The senators spent hours asking their colleague about his thoughts on issues including torture, criminal sentencing and Trump's proposal to ban Muslims from entering the United States. In a number of exchanges, Sessions made clear his position on immigration policy, specifically his opposition to President Obama's executive orders protecting undocumented immigrants who arrived in the country as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe that if you continually go through a cycle of amnesty that you undermine the respect for the law and encourage more illegal immigration into America,\" Sessions said. \"I believe the American people spoke clearly in this election. I believe they agree with my basic view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after Sessions sat down to begin his marathon confirmation hearing, the man tasked with potentially defending more than a quarter of the nation's undocumented immigrants from federal action began his questioning from the California Assembly Committee on the Office of Attorney General. In a cramped room with far fewer cameras than the proceedings in D.C., Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown's nominee for California's top cop, laid out his vision for the office during a Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003cbr>\nhttps://twitter.com/AssemblyDems/status/818871018563321856\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The headwinds from outside of California could threaten the basic rights of so many families, like the one I grew up in,\" said Becerra, the son of two immigrants who represents Los Angeles in the House of Representatives. \"California must continue to be a forward-leaning state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Sessions, Becerra had the advantage of being skewered on a familiar grill; the Democrat served a single term in the state Assembly before heading to Congress. But while Becerra's \"grilling\" was friendlier and neatly wrapped up before \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/10/governor-jerry-brown-says-state-should-plan-for-rainy-budget-days/\">Gov. Brown's budget presentation\u003c/a>, Sessions' nomination hearing dragged into the evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alabama senator has made his name in the Senate with his staunchly conservative stance on immigration, consistently opposing legislation that offered a path toward legal status for the nation's 11 million undocumented immigrants. The issue also helped forge his alliance with Donald Trump, who he endorsed during the primary campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As attorney general in Trump's administration, Sessions would have oversight of federal immigration courts and the hiring of immigration judges. He could also wield the threat of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">cutting off federal dollars\u003c/a> to the hundreds of cities with sanctuary policies that limit cooperation with federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11263798\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11263798\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown’s nominee for California attorney general.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-1180x722.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-960x588.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-240x147.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-520x318.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown’s nominee for California attorney general. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The issue of sanctuary policies came up early in Becerra's hearing. The congressman struck a conciliatory tone, promising to work with the federal government to ensure federal agents can apprehend \"heinous criminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary is simply saying we're not going to go out and do the bidding of an aggressive immigration enforcement agency that's trying to go after people who are simply trying to go to the grocery store, pick their kids up from school, or coming home from a hard day's work,\" Becerra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Differing Views on DACA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to a question from South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham, Sessions said he wouldn't stand in the way if Trump decided to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), the program President Barack Obama created with an executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would certainly be constitutional to end that order,\" Sessions said. \"The Department of Justice would have no objection to a decision to abandon that order because it is very questionable in my opinion constitutionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra called the issue of protecting DACA applicants \"personal\" and vowed to educate undocumented Californians of their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we take with much seriousness those young students who went ahead and filed for DACA services,\" he said. \"And understand that they want to dream the American Dream.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Acknowledging Limits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Becerra and Sessions admitted that their future jobs would come with limits in the ability to fully enact their vision on immigration policy. For Sessions, those limits will be fiscal; the senator acknowledged the reality that mass deportations would run up an unwieldy tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re not able financially or any other way to seek out and remove everybody that is in the country illegally,\" Sessions said. \"President Trump has indicated that criminal aliens, like President Obama indicated, certainly are the top group of people (to pursue for deportation).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra, too, admitted limits in his ability to absolutely protect undocumented California residents. In his case, he confessed that the state was at the mercy of the federal leniency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can’t get in the federal government’s way if it’s a totally federal government activity,\" he said. \"But we have our rights and we will defend them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions and Becerra share an overwhelmingly likely chance of being confirmed. Becerra will get his vote before the Assembly on Friday morning, and Sessions is expected to receive passage when his nomination goes before the full Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tara Siler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "U.S attorney general nominee Jeff Sessions and California attorney general nominee Xavier Becerra differ on sanctuary cities and DACA at their confirmation hearings.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In confirmation hearings taking place simultaneously on opposite coasts of the country, nominees for the top law enforcement posts in the nation and California laid out strikingly different positions on immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL), President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for attorney general, took questions from members of the Senate Judiciary Committee in Washington. The senators spent hours asking their colleague about his thoughts on issues including torture, criminal sentencing and Trump's proposal to ban Muslims from entering the United States. In a number of exchanges, Sessions made clear his position on immigration policy, specifically his opposition to President Obama's executive orders protecting undocumented immigrants who arrived in the country as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do believe that if you continually go through a cycle of amnesty that you undermine the respect for the law and encourage more illegal immigration into America,\" Sessions said. \"I believe the American people spoke clearly in this election. I believe they agree with my basic view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after Sessions sat down to begin his marathon confirmation hearing, the man tasked with potentially defending more than a quarter of the nation's undocumented immigrants from federal action began his questioning from the California Assembly Committee on the Office of Attorney General. In a cramped room with far fewer cameras than the proceedings in D.C., Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown's nominee for California's top cop, laid out his vision for the office during a Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003cbr>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The headwinds from outside of California could threaten the basic rights of so many families, like the one I grew up in,\" said Becerra, the son of two immigrants who represents Los Angeles in the House of Representatives. \"California must continue to be a forward-leaning state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Sessions, Becerra had the advantage of being skewered on a familiar grill; the Democrat served a single term in the state Assembly before heading to Congress. But while Becerra's \"grilling\" was friendlier and neatly wrapped up before \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/10/governor-jerry-brown-says-state-should-plan-for-rainy-budget-days/\">Gov. Brown's budget presentation\u003c/a>, Sessions' nomination hearing dragged into the evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alabama senator has made his name in the Senate with his staunchly conservative stance on immigration, consistently opposing legislation that offered a path toward legal status for the nation's 11 million undocumented immigrants. The issue also helped forge his alliance with Donald Trump, who he endorsed during the primary campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As attorney general in Trump's administration, Sessions would have oversight of federal immigration courts and the hiring of immigration judges. He could also wield the threat of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">cutting off federal dollars\u003c/a> to the hundreds of cities with sanctuary policies that limit cooperation with federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11263798\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11263798\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown’s nominee for California attorney general.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-1180x722.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-960x588.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-240x147.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Becerra-520x318.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Xavier Becerra, Gov. Jerry Brown’s nominee for California attorney general. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The issue of sanctuary policies came up early in Becerra's hearing. The congressman struck a conciliatory tone, promising to work with the federal government to ensure federal agents can apprehend \"heinous criminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary is simply saying we're not going to go out and do the bidding of an aggressive immigration enforcement agency that's trying to go after people who are simply trying to go to the grocery store, pick their kids up from school, or coming home from a hard day's work,\" Becerra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Differing Views on DACA\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to a question from South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham, Sessions said he wouldn't stand in the way if Trump decided to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), the program President Barack Obama created with an executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would certainly be constitutional to end that order,\" Sessions said. \"The Department of Justice would have no objection to a decision to abandon that order because it is very questionable in my opinion constitutionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra called the issue of protecting DACA applicants \"personal\" and vowed to educate undocumented Californians of their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope we take with much seriousness those young students who went ahead and filed for DACA services,\" he said. \"And understand that they want to dream the American Dream.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Acknowledging Limits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Becerra and Sessions admitted that their future jobs would come with limits in the ability to fully enact their vision on immigration policy. For Sessions, those limits will be fiscal; the senator acknowledged the reality that mass deportations would run up an unwieldy tab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re not able financially or any other way to seek out and remove everybody that is in the country illegally,\" Sessions said. \"President Trump has indicated that criminal aliens, like President Obama indicated, certainly are the top group of people (to pursue for deportation).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra, too, admitted limits in his ability to absolutely protect undocumented California residents. In his case, he confessed that the state was at the mercy of the federal leniency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can’t get in the federal government’s way if it’s a totally federal government activity,\" he said. \"But we have our rights and we will defend them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions and Becerra share an overwhelmingly likely chance of being confirmed. Becerra will get his vote before the Assembly on Friday morning, and Sessions is expected to receive passage when his nomination goes before the full Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tara Siler contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Brown Unveils Austere Budget, Warns of Economic Downturn",
"title": "Brown Unveils Austere Budget, Warns of Economic Downturn",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO -- Gov. Jerry Brown unveiled an austere spending plan for the fiscal year that will begin in July, returning to familiar rhetoric warning of an impending economic downturn and adding new notes of caution about how Republicans' dominance in Washington, D.C., could impact California's bottom line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302085705\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, announcing his budget Tuesday just 10 days before President-elect Donald Trump takes office, warned that this year could be the most difficult since 2012 as the \"surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned.\" He said the state has a $2 billion budget deficit -- far less than the $27 billion shortfall he inherited, but still important. Brown said that, in general, California's budget surpluses are far smaller than its deficits \"and that really is the challenge of California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The trajectory of revenue growth is declining ... but is still growing,\" Brown said. \"So compared to many other places in the world ... California is still growing. We would have had a deficit if we hadn't engaged in cuts and the tax measures that were passed in the ballot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11263499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11263499 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-800x862.jpg\" alt='The \"surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned,\" Gov. Brown said as he unveiled his new budget on Tuesday in Sacramento.' width=\"800\" height=\"862\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-800x862.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-160x172.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-1020x1099.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-1180x1271.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-960x1034.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-240x259.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-375x404.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-520x560.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 'surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned,' Gov. Brown said as he unveiled his new budget on Tuesday in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To deal with the declining revenues, Brown said he is proposing to roll back some planned spending increases to education and to eliminate a $400 million fund for affordable housing that was not spent last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown also wants to halt $300 million in spending on modernizing state office buildings. And, the governor said he will keep spending flat by pausing rate increases for child care and not allowing any new students to qualify for a higher education scholarship fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the governor said he will protect what he called the Capitol's \"most important achievements\" under his watch -- education spending increases, an earned income tax credit for the working poor, a rising minimum wage and adding millions of Californians to the rolls of the insured. And he said he will again propose a transportation package that would add $43 billion over 10 years to help shore up roads, highways and bridges. It would be funded through new vehicle fees, an increase in the gas tax and an increase to the diesel excise tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"caCOvJvHD34SXS0CpFdcpXq2usWDsb9a\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On climate change -- one of Brown's signature issues -- the governor said he wants lawmakers to take up the state's cap-and-trade system and approve it by a two-thirds vote. The program has been in court after legal challenges that in part center around the fact that a majority, not a supermajority, of the Legislature authorized the program. Brown said that uncertainty is impacting its financial success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a very important program that's part of our climate change strategy,\" he said, noting that with people hostile to climate change policies taking over the federal government, \"the whole world is looking to us. ... We ought to continue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he is making no assumptions about what Congress and President-elect Trump will do -- particularly around health care -- but that he's not budgeting based on things that haven't yet occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are too many uncertainties that could put a massive hole in the budget,\" he said. \"This budget can move very quickly -- what I call riding the tide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"tRtfzyVVZJm5TboxPPr0Smmh0UnOeqLB\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could go the other way, he said -- revenues could increase in coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's financial volatility, Brown said, is largely because of what the governor called the state's \"progressive\" tax structure that relies on capital gains taxes from its wealthiest residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California has the most progressive tax system in the U.S. -- but as a a corollary, we have one of the most unreliable revenue systems in the country and to manage it reliably requires prudence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said that's why he's pushed the state to save money in good years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you want a progressive tax system, you need a big rainy day fund,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans had a mixed reaction to Brown's budget proposal. Senate Minority Leader Jean Fuller (R-Bakersfield) said more money should be going to the state's reserve funds and toward paying down the state's pension liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we agree with the governor that a spending decrease solution is far better than a tax increase solution at this time,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Jay Obernolte, R-Hesperia, rejected the governor's plan to increase gas taxes to fund road and highway repairs. Legislative Democrats have made similar proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are already paying the highest gas taxes in the country,\" Obernolte said. \"And there are large sections of revenue that we can return to funding state road and highway construction that are not being so spent right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Democratic lawmakers generally commended Brown's cautious approach, they pushed back on the lack of funding in some areas. Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon (D- Los Angeles) criticized Brown's plan to phase out the Middle Class Scholarship Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We must work to keep college affordable for California students, and I will not support burdening them with higher fees and greater student debt — whether that's done by raising tuition or phasing out the Middle Class Scholarship,\" Rendon said in a statement. \"Ending the Middle Class Scholarship would increase the cost of a student’s four year education by up to $9,000 at CSU and up to $20,000 at UC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of new funding for affordable housing concerned Assemblyman David Chiu, D-San Francisco, who chairs the Assembly housing committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(Brown) repeated his position that the answer is to streamline housing approvals, and I share the perspective that many jurisdictions around our state are not doing enough to build homes for our residents, especially in areas where job growth is dramatically outpacing housing creation,\" Chiu said in a statement. \"But the market alone will never solve the housing crisis for struggling Californians.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO -- Gov. Jerry Brown unveiled an austere spending plan for the fiscal year that will begin in July, returning to familiar rhetoric warning of an impending economic downturn and adding new notes of caution about how Republicans' dominance in Washington, D.C., could impact California's bottom line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302085705&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302085705'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, announcing his budget Tuesday just 10 days before President-elect Donald Trump takes office, warned that this year could be the most difficult since 2012 as the \"surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned.\" He said the state has a $2 billion budget deficit -- far less than the $27 billion shortfall he inherited, but still important. Brown said that, in general, California's budget surpluses are far smaller than its deficits \"and that really is the challenge of California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The trajectory of revenue growth is declining ... but is still growing,\" Brown said. \"So compared to many other places in the world ... California is still growing. We would have had a deficit if we hadn't engaged in cuts and the tax measures that were passed in the ballot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11263499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11263499 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-800x862.jpg\" alt='The \"surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned,\" Gov. Brown said as he unveiled his new budget on Tuesday in Sacramento.' width=\"800\" height=\"862\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-800x862.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-160x172.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-1020x1099.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-1180x1271.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-960x1034.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-240x259.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-375x404.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/BudgetGraphic-520x560.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 'surging tide of revenues we have enjoyed the past few years appear to have turned,' Gov. Brown said as he unveiled his new budget on Tuesday in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To deal with the declining revenues, Brown said he is proposing to roll back some planned spending increases to education and to eliminate a $400 million fund for affordable housing that was not spent last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown also wants to halt $300 million in spending on modernizing state office buildings. And, the governor said he will keep spending flat by pausing rate increases for child care and not allowing any new students to qualify for a higher education scholarship fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the governor said he will protect what he called the Capitol's \"most important achievements\" under his watch -- education spending increases, an earned income tax credit for the working poor, a rising minimum wage and adding millions of Californians to the rolls of the insured. And he said he will again propose a transportation package that would add $43 billion over 10 years to help shore up roads, highways and bridges. It would be funded through new vehicle fees, an increase in the gas tax and an increase to the diesel excise tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On climate change -- one of Brown's signature issues -- the governor said he wants lawmakers to take up the state's cap-and-trade system and approve it by a two-thirds vote. The program has been in court after legal challenges that in part center around the fact that a majority, not a supermajority, of the Legislature authorized the program. Brown said that uncertainty is impacting its financial success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a very important program that's part of our climate change strategy,\" he said, noting that with people hostile to climate change policies taking over the federal government, \"the whole world is looking to us. ... We ought to continue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he is making no assumptions about what Congress and President-elect Trump will do -- particularly around health care -- but that he's not budgeting based on things that haven't yet occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are too many uncertainties that could put a massive hole in the budget,\" he said. \"This budget can move very quickly -- what I call riding the tide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could go the other way, he said -- revenues could increase in coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's financial volatility, Brown said, is largely because of what the governor called the state's \"progressive\" tax structure that relies on capital gains taxes from its wealthiest residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California has the most progressive tax system in the U.S. -- but as a a corollary, we have one of the most unreliable revenue systems in the country and to manage it reliably requires prudence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said that's why he's pushed the state to save money in good years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you want a progressive tax system, you need a big rainy day fund,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans had a mixed reaction to Brown's budget proposal. Senate Minority Leader Jean Fuller (R-Bakersfield) said more money should be going to the state's reserve funds and toward paying down the state's pension liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But we agree with the governor that a spending decrease solution is far better than a tax increase solution at this time,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Jay Obernolte, R-Hesperia, rejected the governor's plan to increase gas taxes to fund road and highway repairs. Legislative Democrats have made similar proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are already paying the highest gas taxes in the country,\" Obernolte said. \"And there are large sections of revenue that we can return to funding state road and highway construction that are not being so spent right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Democratic lawmakers generally commended Brown's cautious approach, they pushed back on the lack of funding in some areas. Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon (D- Los Angeles) criticized Brown's plan to phase out the Middle Class Scholarship Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We must work to keep college affordable for California students, and I will not support burdening them with higher fees and greater student debt — whether that's done by raising tuition or phasing out the Middle Class Scholarship,\" Rendon said in a statement. \"Ending the Middle Class Scholarship would increase the cost of a student’s four year education by up to $9,000 at CSU and up to $20,000 at UC.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of new funding for affordable housing concerned Assemblyman David Chiu, D-San Francisco, who chairs the Assembly housing committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(Brown) repeated his position that the answer is to streamline housing approvals, and I share the perspective that many jurisdictions around our state are not doing enough to build homes for our residents, especially in areas where job growth is dramatically outpacing housing creation,\" Chiu said in a statement. \"But the market alone will never solve the housing crisis for struggling Californians.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is California’s Ag Industry Worried About a Labor Shortage Under Trump?",
"title": "Is California’s Ag Industry Worried About a Labor Shortage Under Trump?",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the Central Valley there’s a bumper sticker you see all over the place. It’s shaped like California, and reads \u003ca href=\"http://www.myjobdependsonag.com/\" target=\"_blank\">“My job depends on Ag.\"\u003c/a> In California, that agriculture depends on immigrant labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmers here supported Donald Trump despite his hard-line stance on immigration. So as the new Trump administration prepares to take office, what's the thinking of those involved in the region's biggest industry?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after the workday ends, men in dirty jeans and work boots stream into a small record store in the farming town of \u003ca href=\"http://ci.mendota.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">Mendota.\u003c/a> Racks of CDs and music posters line the walls, but nobody’s browsing. The guys are in line to use the store’s wire transfer service. They’re sending money home to families in Mexico and El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just came in from the fields -- nine hours pruning pistachio trees,\" says a weary-looking man in a dust-covered sweatshirt. He’ll say only that his name is Pablo because, like all the farmworkers I talked to for this story, he’s in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask him what he thinks of Donald Trump’s tough talk on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think a gringo’s gonna be pruning pistachios?” he asks me in Spanish. He says in his 17 years working the California fields, he's seen only Latinos -- mostly immigrants -- doing this work. So he's not buying the idea that he’s taking away a job from a U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301228183\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I also visit \u003ca href=\"https://murrayfamilyfarms.com/california-farm-diversifies-for-success/\" target=\"_blank\">Steve Murray’s farm\u003c/a> outside Bakersfield, where a few workers are crouched among rows of strawberries that will sell at farmers markets around the region. As Murray watches them work, he explains why he needs foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though this area has one of the highest unemployment rates in the state, Murray says he has a hard time finding people to pick his fruit. He didn't vote for Trump, and he says his business would suffer if the new administration carries through on plans for mass deportations of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the economy went south -- what was that, in 2007, 2008 and 2009 -- and jobs dried up, there were people that returned to Mexico and didn't come back,” he says. \"It's hard to imagine that things could get much worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour north, near \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.porterville.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">Porterville\u003c/a>, Dairy farmer \u003ca href=\"http://www.barcellosfarms.com/Contact_Us.html\" target=\"_blank\">Tom Barcellos\u003c/a> is feeling more optimistic. He tells me he met Trump, and he’s betting the president-elect’s business-friendly side will win out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of course you heard about him saying 'build a wall,' \" Barcellos says. \"Well, what he told us is that wall is going to have a door in it and we're going to talk to the right people that want to come in and work, and they're going to have an opportunity to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11256933\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11256933\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-800x521.jpg\" alt=\"Dairy farmer Tom Barcellos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-800x521.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-1180x769.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-960x626.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dairy farmer Tom Barcellos. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s already an agricultural guest worker program -- the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\" target=\"_blank\">H-2A visa \u003c/a>program. And use has gone up steadily over the past five years as fewer workers enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But every farmer I talked to complained about it, calling it cumbersome and expensive. Some experts speculate a Trump administration might strip away worker protections and create a program that's more favorable to employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barcellos says Trump assured him people who have been working in the United States for years will have a chance to get temporary visas, too. But he says, \"Citizenship ... that’s a different animal and let’s not mix up the two.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A path to citizenship doesn’t seem likely under Trump. And not every farmworker I spoke with wants U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take 36-year-old Eugenio. I meet him while he’s pruning pistachio trees on Steve Murray’s farm near\u003ca href=\"http://www.bakersfieldcity.us/\" target=\"_blank\"> Bakersfield. \u003c/a>Eugenio’s wife and kids are in Mexico. \"So I make a little money, then go back to Oaxaca where I’m building a house,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ehOfQyjgoFtLx51iJp2ymBUFjGA2292H\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eugenio tells me he’s crossed the border eight times illegally. But he says border security is so tight now he hasn’t been home to Mexico in five years. “I’m trying to figure out how to come with a work visa,” he says. \"I'd really like that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are people like Elfego, who’s working on a tree nearby. He doesn’t like the idea of visas. He’s been in the United States 17 years. His family is here. \"What would happen if Trump starts giving visas to people over there?\" he asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elfego worries legal guest workers from Mexico would replace him. “What happens with those of us who are here? He’ll deport us because we’re illegal,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some worry the future under President Trump could bring more immigration raids, less enforcement of farmworker protection laws or the forced use of \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/e-verify\" target=\"_blank\">E-Verify\u003c/a>, a government tool for checking employment eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the only thing certain is that the Central Valley’s $35 billion agricultural economy depends on policies that balance the needs of both growers and workers.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Central Valley farmers who supported Donald Trump are staying optimistic, but they may face a dire labor shortage if Trump follows through on mass deportations. \r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the Central Valley there’s a bumper sticker you see all over the place. It’s shaped like California, and reads \u003ca href=\"http://www.myjobdependsonag.com/\" target=\"_blank\">“My job depends on Ag.\"\u003c/a> In California, that agriculture depends on immigrant labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmers here supported Donald Trump despite his hard-line stance on immigration. So as the new Trump administration prepares to take office, what's the thinking of those involved in the region's biggest industry?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after the workday ends, men in dirty jeans and work boots stream into a small record store in the farming town of \u003ca href=\"http://ci.mendota.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">Mendota.\u003c/a> Racks of CDs and music posters line the walls, but nobody’s browsing. The guys are in line to use the store’s wire transfer service. They’re sending money home to families in Mexico and El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just came in from the fields -- nine hours pruning pistachio trees,\" says a weary-looking man in a dust-covered sweatshirt. He’ll say only that his name is Pablo because, like all the farmworkers I talked to for this story, he’s in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask him what he thinks of Donald Trump’s tough talk on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think a gringo’s gonna be pruning pistachios?” he asks me in Spanish. He says in his 17 years working the California fields, he's seen only Latinos -- mostly immigrants -- doing this work. So he's not buying the idea that he’s taking away a job from a U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301228183&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301228183'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I also visit \u003ca href=\"https://murrayfamilyfarms.com/california-farm-diversifies-for-success/\" target=\"_blank\">Steve Murray’s farm\u003c/a> outside Bakersfield, where a few workers are crouched among rows of strawberries that will sell at farmers markets around the region. As Murray watches them work, he explains why he needs foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though this area has one of the highest unemployment rates in the state, Murray says he has a hard time finding people to pick his fruit. He didn't vote for Trump, and he says his business would suffer if the new administration carries through on plans for mass deportations of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the economy went south -- what was that, in 2007, 2008 and 2009 -- and jobs dried up, there were people that returned to Mexico and didn't come back,” he says. \"It's hard to imagine that things could get much worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour north, near \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.porterville.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">Porterville\u003c/a>, Dairy farmer \u003ca href=\"http://www.barcellosfarms.com/Contact_Us.html\" target=\"_blank\">Tom Barcellos\u003c/a> is feeling more optimistic. He tells me he met Trump, and he’s betting the president-elect’s business-friendly side will win out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of course you heard about him saying 'build a wall,' \" Barcellos says. \"Well, what he told us is that wall is going to have a door in it and we're going to talk to the right people that want to come in and work, and they're going to have an opportunity to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11256933\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11256933\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-800x521.jpg\" alt=\"Dairy farmer Tom Barcellos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-800x521.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-1180x769.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-960x626.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/Barcellos-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dairy farmer Tom Barcellos. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s already an agricultural guest worker program -- the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\" target=\"_blank\">H-2A visa \u003c/a>program. And use has gone up steadily over the past five years as fewer workers enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But every farmer I talked to complained about it, calling it cumbersome and expensive. Some experts speculate a Trump administration might strip away worker protections and create a program that's more favorable to employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barcellos says Trump assured him people who have been working in the United States for years will have a chance to get temporary visas, too. But he says, \"Citizenship ... that’s a different animal and let’s not mix up the two.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A path to citizenship doesn’t seem likely under Trump. And not every farmworker I spoke with wants U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take 36-year-old Eugenio. I meet him while he’s pruning pistachio trees on Steve Murray’s farm near\u003ca href=\"http://www.bakersfieldcity.us/\" target=\"_blank\"> Bakersfield. \u003c/a>Eugenio’s wife and kids are in Mexico. \"So I make a little money, then go back to Oaxaca where I’m building a house,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eugenio tells me he’s crossed the border eight times illegally. But he says border security is so tight now he hasn’t been home to Mexico in five years. “I’m trying to figure out how to come with a work visa,” he says. \"I'd really like that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are people like Elfego, who’s working on a tree nearby. He doesn’t like the idea of visas. He’s been in the United States 17 years. His family is here. \"What would happen if Trump starts giving visas to people over there?\" he asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elfego worries legal guest workers from Mexico would replace him. “What happens with those of us who are here? He’ll deport us because we’re illegal,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some worry the future under President Trump could bring more immigration raids, less enforcement of farmworker protection laws or the forced use of \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/e-verify\" target=\"_blank\">E-Verify\u003c/a>, a government tool for checking employment eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the only thing certain is that the Central Valley’s $35 billion agricultural economy depends on policies that balance the needs of both growers and workers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Pre-Inauguration, California Districts Declare Sanctuary Schools",
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"content": "\u003cp>At their neighborhood park in Oakland, Marina Morales and her 5-year-old daughter, Ruby, look for water insects in the creek and then test the bells on a playground structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby is a typical kindergartner: She’s curious about everything. After the election, Morales says her daughter had a lot of questions for her about whether President-elect Donald Trump could do anything to separate their family. Ruby was born here and is a U.S. citizen. But her mother is from Guatemala and has been living in California for nine years without immigration documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morales says when she dropped her daughter off at school the day after the November election, it was clear a lot of families were worried, especially since the president-elect made promises to deport thousands of undocumented immigrants and ban some Muslims from entering the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The day after the election, at school, everyone was quiet,\" said Morales in Spanish. \"No one talked. Everyone was sad. And a lot of people didn’t go to school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301052346\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/Page/14229\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Unified Board of Education \u003c/a>member Shanthi Gonzales says that’s true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Students did not come to school out of fear. And the students who did come to school were in tears. Teachers have reported to me that they had some of the most poignant conversations of their entire careers with students that day,\" Gonzales said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzales was one of two school board members who sponsored a resolution that Oakland public schools are sanctuaries for immigrant and Muslim families. School districts up and down California, including Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Sacramento, have passed similar resolutions declaring that they will do everything legally possible to protect families and students from immigration enforcement actions on their campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If students don’t feel safe, they can’t learn,\" Gonzales said. \"This is what we felt we needed to do to make sure that our families got a clear message from us that our priority is not going to be on deportation and persecuting Muslim families. It would be on protecting them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a> (ICE) officials said in a written statement that “concerns about possible ... ICE operations occurring on school property are unfounded\" and that their policy is not to carry out enforcement actions at schools or churches, unless there is an emergency, such as a risk to human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s resolution says the district won’t release student information to federal officials unless they have to by law. And they will notify local legal aid groups if immigration authorities request to visit a school. In addition, the district reinforced an existing policy that requires school personnel to make every effort to notify parents and allow parents to be present if a student is questioned by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This is what we felt we needed to do to make sure that our families got a clear message from us that our priority is not going to be on deportation.'\u003ccite>Oakland Unified Board of Education member Shanthi Gonzales\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The resolution also says that if the new administration repeals \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\" target=\"_blank\">DACA\u003c/a>, President Obama’s executive action giving temporary work permits to young people who came to the U.S. as children, the district will work to help protect students and employees whose information has been collected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzales acknowledges there is some concern that the district could risk losing federal funding. President-elect Trump has said he would take federal money away from cities with sanctuary policies. He has not said whether he would do so with schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s possible, but it certainly seems that would be not only illegal but also politically un-savvy to take that step,\" said Sylvia Torres-Guillén, director of educational equity for the American Civil Liberties Union \u003ca href=\"https://www.acluca.org/\" target=\"_blank\">(ACLU) of California\u003c/a>. \"Certainly if there were efforts to do so, we would immediately look at any potential litigation to counter that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres-Guillén points to a Supreme Court ruling that all children have the right to attend school, no matter their immigration status, and California law, which requires schools to be safe places free of discrimination or harassment for all students. In December, the ACLU sent \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/sites/default/files/field_documents/121216-final-all-supts-letter-post-election.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a letter to all superintendents\u003c/a> in the state urging them to pass sanctuary resolutions and review their policies on sharing student information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland mom Marina Morales says the fact that families from many different backgrounds came out to support the resolution gave her some hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need our children to be safe and calm, because this affected them, too,\" said Morales. \"It gives me reassurance as a parent, and I can transmit that to my daughter, so it doesn’t affect her learning.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At their neighborhood park in Oakland, Marina Morales and her 5-year-old daughter, Ruby, look for water insects in the creek and then test the bells on a playground structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby is a typical kindergartner: She’s curious about everything. After the election, Morales says her daughter had a lot of questions for her about whether President-elect Donald Trump could do anything to separate their family. Ruby was born here and is a U.S. citizen. But her mother is from Guatemala and has been living in California for nine years without immigration documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morales says when she dropped her daughter off at school the day after the November election, it was clear a lot of families were worried, especially since the president-elect made promises to deport thousands of undocumented immigrants and ban some Muslims from entering the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The day after the election, at school, everyone was quiet,\" said Morales in Spanish. \"No one talked. Everyone was sad. And a lot of people didn’t go to school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301052346&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301052346'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/Page/14229\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Unified Board of Education \u003c/a>member Shanthi Gonzales says that’s true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Students did not come to school out of fear. And the students who did come to school were in tears. Teachers have reported to me that they had some of the most poignant conversations of their entire careers with students that day,\" Gonzales said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzales was one of two school board members who sponsored a resolution that Oakland public schools are sanctuaries for immigrant and Muslim families. School districts up and down California, including Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Sacramento, have passed similar resolutions declaring that they will do everything legally possible to protect families and students from immigration enforcement actions on their campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If students don’t feel safe, they can’t learn,\" Gonzales said. \"This is what we felt we needed to do to make sure that our families got a clear message from us that our priority is not going to be on deportation and persecuting Muslim families. It would be on protecting them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a> (ICE) officials said in a written statement that “concerns about possible ... ICE operations occurring on school property are unfounded\" and that their policy is not to carry out enforcement actions at schools or churches, unless there is an emergency, such as a risk to human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s resolution says the district won’t release student information to federal officials unless they have to by law. And they will notify local legal aid groups if immigration authorities request to visit a school. In addition, the district reinforced an existing policy that requires school personnel to make every effort to notify parents and allow parents to be present if a student is questioned by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This is what we felt we needed to do to make sure that our families got a clear message from us that our priority is not going to be on deportation.'\u003ccite>Oakland Unified Board of Education member Shanthi Gonzales\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The resolution also says that if the new administration repeals \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\" target=\"_blank\">DACA\u003c/a>, President Obama’s executive action giving temporary work permits to young people who came to the U.S. as children, the district will work to help protect students and employees whose information has been collected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzales acknowledges there is some concern that the district could risk losing federal funding. President-elect Trump has said he would take federal money away from cities with sanctuary policies. He has not said whether he would do so with schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s possible, but it certainly seems that would be not only illegal but also politically un-savvy to take that step,\" said Sylvia Torres-Guillén, director of educational equity for the American Civil Liberties Union \u003ca href=\"https://www.acluca.org/\" target=\"_blank\">(ACLU) of California\u003c/a>. \"Certainly if there were efforts to do so, we would immediately look at any potential litigation to counter that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torres-Guillén points to a Supreme Court ruling that all children have the right to attend school, no matter their immigration status, and California law, which requires schools to be safe places free of discrimination or harassment for all students. In December, the ACLU sent \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/sites/default/files/field_documents/121216-final-all-supts-letter-post-election.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a letter to all superintendents\u003c/a> in the state urging them to pass sanctuary resolutions and review their policies on sharing student information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland mom Marina Morales says the fact that families from many different backgrounds came out to support the resolution gave her some hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need our children to be safe and calm, because this affected them, too,\" said Morales. \"It gives me reassurance as a parent, and I can transmit that to my daughter, so it doesn’t affect her learning.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
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