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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown on Thursday defended a plan that dramatically scales back the amount of habitat restoration for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta while two giant tunnels are built to deliver water to farms and to millions of city dwellers to the south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said the new approach would accelerate the pace of the Delta habitat restoration while pursuing construction of the tunnels, which Brown argues are necessary for fixing the state's aging water infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revision of the environmental plan calls for restoring 30,000 acres for wetland and wildlife habitat — down from 100,000 acres. Brown called it the best path forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land targeted for environmental improvements changed because there was too much complexity in the original 50-year plan, given the need for permits from federal wildlife agencies against a backdrop of uncertain future effects of climate change, said Chuck Bonham, director of California's Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original habitat upgrades were expected to cost $8 billion, and officials said the new plans announced Thursday will cost about $300 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to restore habitat in the Delta,\" Bonham said. \"We've known that for a long time. There's no dispute there. Let's get going and do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't just cross our fingers, hoping for the best in the Delta,\" Brown said. \"Fish populations are at an all-time low. Bold action is imperative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental and conservation groups criticized the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under development for eight years, the Bay Delta Conservation Plan supported by Brown calls for building two underground tunnels, 40 feet across and 30 miles long, to send water from the Sacramento River around the Delta. The water currently irrigates 3 million acres of farmland in the Central Valley and serves 25 million people as far south as San Diego. The projected cost of the tunnels is at least $15 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan is designed to stabilize water supplies for cities and farms south of the Delta. But it has drawn strong opposition from delta farmers and environmentalists, who contend that the tunnels will allow saltwater from San Francisco Bay to degrade the delta's water quality and damage habitat for endangered salmon and for the Delta smelt, a small freshwater fish that biologists say is near extinction in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials decided to split their plans for the Delta into two parts — the construction of the tunnels and efforts to restore wildlife habitat along waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Separating them doesn't change the science,\" said Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of Restore the Delta and a critic of the plan. \"The tunnels are going to leave us with a permanent drought in the delta.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Jennings, executive director of California Sportfishing Protection Alliance, said any water transported around the delta will only exacerbate poor water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Habitat isn't simply acreage,\" he said. \"Habitat is adequate water and water quality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 5 percent of California's wetlands remain. Restoration projects will return at least some of the freshwater marshes and willow thickets, with trees along the water providing both food and shade to young fish, Bonham said, adding the effort will mark a \"decisive break from the obstacles of the past.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new approach doesn't come with 50-year permits, which was a goal of the previous plan because that would shield central and Southern California water agencies from future cutbacks of delta water for endangered species protection. Bonham said the state couldn't achieve the longer approvals and now is seeking permits of 10 years or less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonham said the scaled-back habitat restoration is more realistic to achieve in the remaining four years of the governor's term. He said it is unclear who will be leading the effort decades from now and what impact climate change will have on California's water picture or environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funds for the $300 million habitat restoration effort will come from a variety of sources, with $75 million from a water bond voters approved in November, officials said. Between $20 million and $30 million will come from cap-and-trade funds, and the rest will come through state budget allocations.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown on Thursday defended a plan that dramatically scales back the amount of habitat restoration for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta while two giant tunnels are built to deliver water to farms and to millions of city dwellers to the south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said the new approach would accelerate the pace of the Delta habitat restoration while pursuing construction of the tunnels, which Brown argues are necessary for fixing the state's aging water infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revision of the environmental plan calls for restoring 30,000 acres for wetland and wildlife habitat — down from 100,000 acres. Brown called it the best path forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land targeted for environmental improvements changed because there was too much complexity in the original 50-year plan, given the need for permits from federal wildlife agencies against a backdrop of uncertain future effects of climate change, said Chuck Bonham, director of California's Department of Fish and Wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original habitat upgrades were expected to cost $8 billion, and officials said the new plans announced Thursday will cost about $300 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to restore habitat in the Delta,\" Bonham said. \"We've known that for a long time. There's no dispute there. Let's get going and do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We can't just cross our fingers, hoping for the best in the Delta,\" Brown said. \"Fish populations are at an all-time low. Bold action is imperative.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental and conservation groups criticized the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under development for eight years, the Bay Delta Conservation Plan supported by Brown calls for building two underground tunnels, 40 feet across and 30 miles long, to send water from the Sacramento River around the Delta. The water currently irrigates 3 million acres of farmland in the Central Valley and serves 25 million people as far south as San Diego. The projected cost of the tunnels is at least $15 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan is designed to stabilize water supplies for cities and farms south of the Delta. But it has drawn strong opposition from delta farmers and environmentalists, who contend that the tunnels will allow saltwater from San Francisco Bay to degrade the delta's water quality and damage habitat for endangered salmon and for the Delta smelt, a small freshwater fish that biologists say is near extinction in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials decided to split their plans for the Delta into two parts — the construction of the tunnels and efforts to restore wildlife habitat along waterways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Separating them doesn't change the science,\" said Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of Restore the Delta and a critic of the plan. \"The tunnels are going to leave us with a permanent drought in the delta.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Jennings, executive director of California Sportfishing Protection Alliance, said any water transported around the delta will only exacerbate poor water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Habitat isn't simply acreage,\" he said. \"Habitat is adequate water and water quality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only about 5 percent of California's wetlands remain. Restoration projects will return at least some of the freshwater marshes and willow thickets, with trees along the water providing both food and shade to young fish, Bonham said, adding the effort will mark a \"decisive break from the obstacles of the past.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new approach doesn't come with 50-year permits, which was a goal of the previous plan because that would shield central and Southern California water agencies from future cutbacks of delta water for endangered species protection. Bonham said the state couldn't achieve the longer approvals and now is seeking permits of 10 years or less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonham said the scaled-back habitat restoration is more realistic to achieve in the remaining four years of the governor's term. He said it is unclear who will be leading the effort decades from now and what impact climate change will have on California's water picture or environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funds for the $300 million habitat restoration effort will come from a variety of sources, with $75 million from a water bond voters approved in November, officials said. Between $20 million and $30 million will come from cap-and-trade funds, and the rest will come through state budget allocations.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California would aggressively reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 under a plan announced Wednesday by Gov. Jerry Brown that steps up the state’s previously established target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> goes farther than a federal proposal also aiming to curb global warming, but lacks specifics on how to accomplish its goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown set a target of reducing emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels over the next 15 years and called it the most aggressive benchmark enacted by a government in North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With this order, California sets a very high bar for itself and other states and nations, but it’s one that must be reached — for this generation and generations to come,” Brown said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama announced a plan last summer to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 30 percent by 2030, with 2005 levels as the starting point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said climate change would factor into government planning, and he ordered state agencies and departments to implement measures to reduce emissions. Brown called for an update to the Safeguarding California Plan — the state climate adaption strategy — to identify how climate change will affect infrastructure and industry and what actions California can take to reduce the risks of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order aligns California’s greenhouse-gas reduction targets with those of leading international governments ahead of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris later this year. The 28-nation European Union has set the same target for 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California already has been moving toward an 80 percent reduction in emissions by 2050 under a 2005 executive order by former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At his inauguration in January, Brown said he wanted to take steps to increase renewable energy use to 50 percent in the next 15 years. He called for the state to increase renewable electricity sources, reduce petroleum use in vehicles, double the energy efficiency of existing buildings and make heating fuels cleaner by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s action comes amid equally aggressive efforts aimed at fighting the state’s historic drought, which has been California’s primary environmental concern in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s order \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was posted\u003c/a> on the governor’s official website, along with praise from a variety of world figures. Among them was Tom Steyer, the billionaire hedge fund manager who has emerged as a major funder of environmentally focused political campaigns:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“When it comes to climate change, California has emerged as a global leader – proving that we don’t have to choose between a healthy environment and a strong economy. Today Governor Brown took that leadership to the next level. By setting an ambitious and achievable target to reduce emissions of climate-altering pollutants 40 percent by 2030, Governor Brown is setting a course that will build upon the hundreds of thousands of good paying advanced energy jobs in California, improve the health and wellbeing of Californians and continue our global leadership to solve the greatest challenge of our generation.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being a political hero to the environmental movement in his first stint as governor in the 1970s, Brown has gotten harsh criticism from conservationists recently for his refusal to ban hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, for oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, we expected more of him because we, as a state, expect more, period,” Marta Stoepker, a spokeswoman for the Sierra Club in California, said in February.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California would aggressively reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 under a plan announced Wednesday by Gov. Jerry Brown that steps up the state’s previously established target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> goes farther than a federal proposal also aiming to curb global warming, but lacks specifics on how to accomplish its goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown set a target of reducing emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels over the next 15 years and called it the most aggressive benchmark enacted by a government in North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With this order, California sets a very high bar for itself and other states and nations, but it’s one that must be reached — for this generation and generations to come,” Brown said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama announced a plan last summer to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 30 percent by 2030, with 2005 levels as the starting point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said climate change would factor into government planning, and he ordered state agencies and departments to implement measures to reduce emissions. Brown called for an update to the Safeguarding California Plan — the state climate adaption strategy — to identify how climate change will affect infrastructure and industry and what actions California can take to reduce the risks of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order aligns California’s greenhouse-gas reduction targets with those of leading international governments ahead of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris later this year. The 28-nation European Union has set the same target for 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California already has been moving toward an 80 percent reduction in emissions by 2050 under a 2005 executive order by former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At his inauguration in January, Brown said he wanted to take steps to increase renewable energy use to 50 percent in the next 15 years. He called for the state to increase renewable electricity sources, reduce petroleum use in vehicles, double the energy efficiency of existing buildings and make heating fuels cleaner by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s action comes amid equally aggressive efforts aimed at fighting the state’s historic drought, which has been California’s primary environmental concern in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s order \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was posted\u003c/a> on the governor’s official website, along with praise from a variety of world figures. Among them was Tom Steyer, the billionaire hedge fund manager who has emerged as a major funder of environmentally focused political campaigns:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“When it comes to climate change, California has emerged as a global leader – proving that we don’t have to choose between a healthy environment and a strong economy. Today Governor Brown took that leadership to the next level. By setting an ambitious and achievable target to reduce emissions of climate-altering pollutants 40 percent by 2030, Governor Brown is setting a course that will build upon the hundreds of thousands of good paying advanced energy jobs in California, improve the health and wellbeing of Californians and continue our global leadership to solve the greatest challenge of our generation.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being a political hero to the environmental movement in his first stint as governor in the 1970s, Brown has gotten harsh criticism from conservationists recently for his refusal to ban hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, for oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, we expected more of him because we, as a state, expect more, period,” Marta Stoepker, a spokeswoman for the Sierra Club in California, said in February.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy",
"title": "New Lawsuit Seeks to Force San Francisco to Drain, Restore Hetch Hetchy",
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"content": "\u003cp>Activists have launched a new round in their long-running campaign to restore Yosemite National Park's Hetch Hetchy Valley to its natural condition by draining the reservoir that serves San Francisco and most of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit filed last week in Tuolumne County (\u003ca href=\"#hetchhetchysuit\">embedded below\u003c/a>), the group Restore Hetch Hetchy renews arguments that featured prominently in a 2012 San Francisco ballot campaign -- namely, that the water supply from San Francisco's Sierra Nevada reservoir can be readily and relatively cheaply replaced by altering management of the Tuolumne River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, who have opposed studying the idea of emptying Hetch Hetchy, say the suit is \"baseless\" and that even suggesting draining the reservoir -- as the state contends with a severe drought -- is \"outrageous\" and \"crazy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that Hetch Hetchy violates a 1928 provision of the California Constitution that requires the \"beneficial and reasonable\" use of the state's water. The action points to later interpretations of the provision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which have held that \"the public interest requires that there be the greatest number of beneficial uses which the supply [of water] can yield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit says San Francisco's use of a swath of Yosemite National Park fails to do that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[The city has] eliminated or seriously impaired the beneficial uses of the Tuolumne River as the river flows through the Hetch Hetchy Valley. Respondents’ method of diverting the Tuolumne River’s waters eliminates important aesthetic, scenic, fish & wildlife habitat, fishing, recreational, and preservational beneficial uses in furtherance of water supply storage for remote cities and replaceable electric power production.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The suit also says the city's water project robs Yosemite visitors \"of the wonder that would be experienced by millions ... journeying to view Hetch Hetchy Valley's sublime landscape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit uses an approach similar to the one that Restore Hetch Hetchy employed in 2012 as part of its campaign to pass \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/San_Francisco_Hetch_Hetchy_Reservoir_Initiative,_Proposition_F_%28November_2012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition F \u003c/a>in San Francisco. The measure would have required the city to undertake a study of draining Hetch Hetchy and reconfiguring the system that delivers water from the Tuolumne watershed to the city and Peninsula. The suit asks for a court order requiring the city to \"prepare an engineering and financing plan for altering\" the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. F went down to a resounding defeat, with a 77 percent \"no vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just another attempt to grab the spotlight on an issue where we're talking about taking the water supply away for a large part of California,\" said Tyrone Jue, spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jue repeated the city's talking points in fighting the 2012 ballot measure: The Hetch Hetchy system is efficient, it delivers pure mountain water and does it inexpensively while producing clean hydroelectric power. As city officials have said for years, he added that the cost of restoring Hetch Hetchy would be prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was estimated to be between $3 billion and $10 billion in investment to remove Hetch Hetchy Reservoir and restore the valley,\" Jue said. \"And if you put that cost on each customer, that's a range of approximately $550 per year to $2,000 per year if San Franciscans were to have to pay that cost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawsuit argues that a restored Hetch Hetchy Valley would become a magnet for visitors and become an economic engine generating as much as $8.7 billion in recreational benefits to visitors and local businesses for the first half-century after restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We intend to show that the value of a restored valley is greater than the cost of restoring it,\" said Spreck Rosekrans, Restore Hetch Hetchy's executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rosekrans said the process of restoration would itself be a magnet for future visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You would have tourists going to see this marvelous place almost immediately,\" he said. \"People would come back every five years, every 10 years with their families, with their kids, and it would be a really incredible thing to watch this valley come back to life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchhetchysuit\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/263315639/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_60224\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Activists argue that water from reservoir in Yosemite National Park could be replaced at reasonable cost.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Activists have launched a new round in their long-running campaign to restore Yosemite National Park's Hetch Hetchy Valley to its natural condition by draining the reservoir that serves San Francisco and most of the Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a lawsuit filed last week in Tuolumne County (\u003ca href=\"#hetchhetchysuit\">embedded below\u003c/a>), the group Restore Hetch Hetchy renews arguments that featured prominently in a 2012 San Francisco ballot campaign -- namely, that the water supply from San Francisco's Sierra Nevada reservoir can be readily and relatively cheaply replaced by altering management of the Tuolumne River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, who have opposed studying the idea of emptying Hetch Hetchy, say the suit is \"baseless\" and that even suggesting draining the reservoir -- as the state contends with a severe drought -- is \"outrageous\" and \"crazy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that Hetch Hetchy violates a 1928 provision of the California Constitution that requires the \"beneficial and reasonable\" use of the state's water. The action points to later interpretations of the provision, \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which have held that \"the public interest requires that there be the greatest number of beneficial uses which the supply [of water] can yield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit says San Francisco's use of a swath of Yosemite National Park fails to do that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[The city has] eliminated or seriously impaired the beneficial uses of the Tuolumne River as the river flows through the Hetch Hetchy Valley. Respondents’ method of diverting the Tuolumne River’s waters eliminates important aesthetic, scenic, fish & wildlife habitat, fishing, recreational, and preservational beneficial uses in furtherance of water supply storage for remote cities and replaceable electric power production.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The suit also says the city's water project robs Yosemite visitors \"of the wonder that would be experienced by millions ... journeying to view Hetch Hetchy Valley's sublime landscape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit uses an approach similar to the one that Restore Hetch Hetchy employed in 2012 as part of its campaign to pass \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/San_Francisco_Hetch_Hetchy_Reservoir_Initiative,_Proposition_F_%28November_2012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition F \u003c/a>in San Francisco. The measure would have required the city to undertake a study of draining Hetch Hetchy and reconfiguring the system that delivers water from the Tuolumne watershed to the city and Peninsula. The suit asks for a court order requiring the city to \"prepare an engineering and financing plan for altering\" the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. F went down to a resounding defeat, with a 77 percent \"no vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just another attempt to grab the spotlight on an issue where we're talking about taking the water supply away for a large part of California,\" said Tyrone Jue, spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, which runs the Hetch Hetchy system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jue repeated the city's talking points in fighting the 2012 ballot measure: The Hetch Hetchy system is efficient, it delivers pure mountain water and does it inexpensively while producing clean hydroelectric power. As city officials have said for years, he added that the cost of restoring Hetch Hetchy would be prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was estimated to be between $3 billion and $10 billion in investment to remove Hetch Hetchy Reservoir and restore the valley,\" Jue said. \"And if you put that cost on each customer, that's a range of approximately $550 per year to $2,000 per year if San Franciscans were to have to pay that cost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawsuit argues that a restored Hetch Hetchy Valley would become a magnet for visitors and become an economic engine generating as much as $8.7 billion in recreational benefits to visitors and local businesses for the first half-century after restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We intend to show that the value of a restored valley is greater than the cost of restoring it,\" said Spreck Rosekrans, Restore Hetch Hetchy's executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rosekrans said the process of restoration would itself be a magnet for future visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You would have tourists going to see this marvelous place almost immediately,\" he said. \"People would come back every five years, every 10 years with their families, with their kids, and it would be a really incredible thing to watch this valley come back to life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"hetchhetchysuit\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/263315639/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_60224\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "What's the Story Behind the Wrecked Car on a Mount Tamalpais Trail?",
"title": "What's the Story Behind the Wrecked Car on a Mount Tamalpais Trail?",
"headTitle": "Bay Curious | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of our series \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>, we’re answering questions from KQED listeners and readers. Our first question comes from Kermit Robbins, a student at San Francisco State, who wanted to know:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the story behind the wrecked car on Mount Tamalpais?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tamalpais is known for its staggering redwood groves, sweeping views of the Pacific and well-worn trails popular with Bay Area hikers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high along one of the park's more northern trails sits something you might not expect to find in such a serene and natural setting -- the rusted, hulking carcass of a vintage car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497295\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10497295\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1440x808.png\" alt=\"Many have left graffiti or engravings on the car over the years.\" width=\"640\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1440x808.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-400x224.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1180x662.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-768x431.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-320x179.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many have left graffiti or engravings on the car over the years. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED listener Kermit Robbins has hiked by the wreck dozens of times, and always wonders how it got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was out there with a bunch of friends once, and we did the exact same thing that everyone who comes across this car does,\" he says. \"We investigated it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He regularly finds a group gathered around the car, speculating how it may have come to rest in this unusual spot, about 350 feet below winding Ridgecrest Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497290\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497290 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-400x225.png\" alt=\"KQED's Katrina Schwartz and listener Kermit Robbins explore the wreck.\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-400x225.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-1440x809.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-1180x663.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-768x431.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-320x180.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED's Katrina Schwartz and listener Kermit Robbins explore the wreck. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Did someone miss a curve in the road on a dark and rainy night? Could it have been a drunken driver? A suicide? Or maybe a mob deal gone wrong? Staring at the twisted metal, one grim thought can't be avoided: Did someone die here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tamalpais Park Ranger Tom Frasier says the people who work there have tried to track down the car's origins in the past -- but they haven't gotten very far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letters \"GM\" are visible on the engine block, but General Motors hasn't helped them identify the vehicle, or who might have owned it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not like today, where everything's accounted for and maintained in a database,\" says Frasier. \"For a lot of these vehicles, especially the early ones, there's not extensive record keeping.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497292\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10497292\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497292 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-400x224.png\" alt=\"A sharp turn on Ridgecrest Boulevard sits about 350 feet above the car wreck.\" width=\"400\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-400x224.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-800x448.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-1440x806.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-1180x660.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-768x430.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-320x179.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sharp turn on Ridgecrest Boulevard sits about 350 feet above the car wreck. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Though Frasier can't tell us how the car got here, he does know that when the trail was constructed in the 1970s, workers had to build it around the wreck because the car was already there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the Car a Clue?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's easy to tell from looking at the shape of the vehicle that it's not a modern car. But how old is it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Sarcona, owner of Classic Cars West in Oakland, zeroes in on a few key features of our mystery car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an inline 8 [engine], so that eliminates a whole brand of cars that just didn't have inline 8's,\" Sarcona said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grill, fender stamping and steering wheel also offer hints about the era of production and manufacturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about 20 minutes of studying our wreck, Sarcona's face lights up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has to be a '41 Pontiac,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The car's odometer reads 38,297 miles, although it could have also been driven 138,297 miles. There aren't enough digits on the display to show mileage over 99,999, so it's possible the car's odometer rolled over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497288\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497288 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-400x270.jpg\" alt=\"An advertisement of 1941 Pontiacs from a magazine. \" width=\"400\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-400x270.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-768x518.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-320x216.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An advertisement of 1941 Pontiacs from a magazine.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Given the lower mileage figure, Sarcona estimates the car is most likely to have crashed in the late 1940s or 1950s. If it were the higher mileage figure, it would probably have crashed even later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Digging Through the Archives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there \u003ci>had been\u003c/i> a devastating accident, chances are good that we might be able to find newspaper reports or other records that document the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nobody has ever found any, says Fred Runner, the historian for Mount Tamalpais' West Point Inn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leads him and other historians to believe that however the mysterious car got here, it may not have been particularly noteworthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the less environmentally aware times, it wasn't unusual to have people take an automobile and push it over a cliff to see what happened,\" says Runner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This matches up with a theory that Kermit Robbins thinks is most likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I imagine that if the car had gone off and somebody died in it, it would've gotten hauled out,\" says Robbins. \"So, I pictured that it was a bunch of kids in the 50s, all up there drinking beers at the top of the hill. They had some old junker car and they decided to just run it off [the hill.]\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"http://u.s.kqed.net/2015/04/20/baycurious.png\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nWhat do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So, here we are -- our very first report in the Bay Curious series and we find ourselves at a dead end. We asked Robbins if he was disappointed that we didn't find the \"real real\" answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ... he let us off the hook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, the real real answer is probably really disappointing anyway. So, no, not at all,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the car will have to remain something of a mystery. It will continue to be a place where hikers stop, investigate and create their own theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe that's more fun anyway.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nGot a question you want KQED's Bay Curious team to investigate? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ask!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "What's the Story Behind the Wrecked Car on a Mount Tamalpais Trail? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of our series \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a>, we’re answering questions from KQED listeners and readers. Our first question comes from Kermit Robbins, a student at San Francisco State, who wanted to know:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the story behind the wrecked car on Mount Tamalpais?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tamalpais is known for its staggering redwood groves, sweeping views of the Pacific and well-worn trails popular with Bay Area hikers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But high along one of the park's more northern trails sits something you might not expect to find in such a serene and natural setting -- the rusted, hulking carcass of a vintage car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497295\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10497295\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1440x808.png\" alt=\"Many have left graffiti or engravings on the car over the years.\" width=\"640\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1440x808.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-400x224.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-1180x662.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-768x431.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.35.36-PM-320x179.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many have left graffiti or engravings on the car over the years. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED listener Kermit Robbins has hiked by the wreck dozens of times, and always wonders how it got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was out there with a bunch of friends once, and we did the exact same thing that everyone who comes across this car does,\" he says. \"We investigated it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He regularly finds a group gathered around the car, speculating how it may have come to rest in this unusual spot, about 350 feet below winding Ridgecrest Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497290\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497290 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-400x225.png\" alt=\"KQED's Katrina Schwartz and listener Kermit Robbins explore the wreck.\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-400x225.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-800x449.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-1440x809.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-1180x663.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-768x431.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-02-at-2.13.29-PM1-320x180.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED's Katrina Schwartz and listener Kermit Robbins explore the wreck. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Did someone miss a curve in the road on a dark and rainy night? Could it have been a drunken driver? A suicide? Or maybe a mob deal gone wrong? Staring at the twisted metal, one grim thought can't be avoided: Did someone die here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tamalpais Park Ranger Tom Frasier says the people who work there have tried to track down the car's origins in the past -- but they haven't gotten very far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letters \"GM\" are visible on the engine block, but General Motors hasn't helped them identify the vehicle, or who might have owned it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not like today, where everything's accounted for and maintained in a database,\" says Frasier. \"For a lot of these vehicles, especially the early ones, there's not extensive record keeping.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497292\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10497292\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497292 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-400x224.png\" alt=\"A sharp turn on Ridgecrest Boulevard sits about 350 feet above the car wreck.\" width=\"400\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-400x224.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-800x448.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-1440x806.png 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-1180x660.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-768x430.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/Screen-Shot-2015-04-20-at-6.33.47-PM-320x179.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sharp turn on Ridgecrest Boulevard sits about 350 feet above the car wreck. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Though Frasier can't tell us how the car got here, he does know that when the trail was constructed in the 1970s, workers had to build it around the wreck because the car was already there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the Car a Clue?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's easy to tell from looking at the shape of the vehicle that it's not a modern car. But how old is it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Sarcona, owner of Classic Cars West in Oakland, zeroes in on a few key features of our mystery car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an inline 8 [engine], so that eliminates a whole brand of cars that just didn't have inline 8's,\" Sarcona said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grill, fender stamping and steering wheel also offer hints about the era of production and manufacturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about 20 minutes of studying our wreck, Sarcona's face lights up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has to be a '41 Pontiac,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The car's odometer reads 38,297 miles, although it could have also been driven 138,297 miles. There aren't enough digits on the display to show mileage over 99,999, so it's possible the car's odometer rolled over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10497288\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10497288 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-400x270.jpg\" alt=\"An advertisement of 1941 Pontiacs from a magazine. \" width=\"400\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-400x270.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-768x518.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement-320x216.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/advertisement.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An advertisement of 1941 Pontiacs from a magazine.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Given the lower mileage figure, Sarcona estimates the car is most likely to have crashed in the late 1940s or 1950s. If it were the higher mileage figure, it would probably have crashed even later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Digging Through the Archives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there \u003ci>had been\u003c/i> a devastating accident, chances are good that we might be able to find newspaper reports or other records that document the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nobody has ever found any, says Fred Runner, the historian for Mount Tamalpais' West Point Inn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leads him and other historians to believe that however the mysterious car got here, it may not have been particularly noteworthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the less environmentally aware times, it wasn't unusual to have people take an automobile and push it over a cliff to see what happened,\" says Runner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This matches up with a theory that Kermit Robbins thinks is most likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I imagine that if the car had gone off and somebody died in it, it would've gotten hauled out,\" says Robbins. \"So, I pictured that it was a bunch of kids in the 50s, all up there drinking beers at the top of the hill. They had some old junker car and they decided to just run it off [the hill.]\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"http://u.s.kqed.net/2015/04/20/baycurious.png\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nWhat do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So, here we are -- our very first report in the Bay Curious series and we find ourselves at a dead end. We asked Robbins if he was disappointed that we didn't find the \"real real\" answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ... he let us off the hook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, the real real answer is probably really disappointing anyway. So, no, not at all,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the car will have to remain something of a mystery. It will continue to be a place where hikers stop, investigate and create their own theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe that's more fun anyway.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nGot a question you want KQED's Bay Curious team to investigate? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ask!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Southern California Court Strikes Down Town's 'Conservation' Water Rates",
"title": "Southern California Court Strikes Down Town's 'Conservation' Water Rates",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>In a decision that could raise obstacles to water conservation efforts across the state, a Southern California appeals court has rejected the city of San Juan Capistrano's adoption of tiered rates to encourage customers to use less water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruling on a case initiated by taxpayers, a three-judge 4th District Court of Appeal found that the city's water-rate scheme violated provisions of \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/1996/120196_prop_218/understanding_prop218_1296.html\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 218\u003c/a>, a constitutional amendment passed in 1996 to limit service fees imposed by local agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's ruling drew an angry response from Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practical effect of the court’s decision is to put a straitjacket on local government at a time when maximum flexibility is needed,\" Brown said in a statement. \"My policy is and will continue to be: Employ every method possible to ensure water is conserved across California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/mcclure.jpg\">\n\u003ch3>Proposition 218 Fallout\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>KQED's Tara Siler talks to Tim Quinn, executive director of the Association of California Water Agencies, about the potential statewide impact of Monday's appeal court opinion.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201951080&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Brown added that state lawyers are studying the court's opinion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4th District panel's reasoning rests on a series of state court rulings that have held that Prop. 218 requires water rates to reflect the actual cost of providing service to individual properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4th District panel's ruling Monday (\u003ca href=\"#sjcapistranowater\">embedded below\u003c/a>) found that San Juan Capistrano violated Prop. 218 by imposing tiered water rates. Customers using relatively small volumes of water would pay a low price, but \"very excessive\" users would pay a price 3½ times higher -- without regard to how much it actually cost to provide water to any of its users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for San Juan Capistrano argued:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>That calculating the difference in cost of providing water for various water users was unduly complex and in any case not required by Prop. 218.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That it's obliged to promote conservation by another provision of the state constitution -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which requires in part that \"the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of water be prevented.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the city also argued that its tiered rate structure represented a penalty system that is exempt from Prop. 218.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The practical effect of the court’s decision is to put a straitjacket on local government at a time when maximum flexibility is needed.'\u003ccite>Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The appeals panel found that while tiered water rates themselves don't violate Proposition 218, they must reflect the additional cost of providing higher volumes of water to some customers. The court's decision, written by Associate Justice William Bedsworth, insisted the city \u003cem>should\u003c/em> be able to calculate the additional costs of providing water to heavy users that might justify higher rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Nothing in our record tells us why, for example, [officials] could not figure out the costs of given usage levels that require [San Juan Capistrano] City Water to tap more expensive supplies, and then bill users in those tiers accordingly. Such computations would seem to satisfy Proposition 218, and City Water has not shown in this record it would be impossible to comply with the Constitutional mandate in this way or some other. As the court pointed out in Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Ass'n v. City of Fresno ... the calculations required by Proposition 218 may be “complex,” but “such a process is now required by the California Constitution.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The court did hand San Juan Capistrano one victory, ruling that it is entitled to charge all ratepayers for a water-recycling plant, even though not all of them get supplies from the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We hope there are future scientists, engineers, and legislators with the wisdom to envision and enact water plans to keep our beloved Cadillac Desert habitable.'\u003ccite>4th District Court of Appeal\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And the court almost ruefully acknowledged that its ruling comes; 1) in the midst of one of the state's worst droughts and; 2) against the background of Southern California's continuing battle to secure water supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Southern California is a “semi-desert with a desert heart.” Visionary engineers and scientists have done a remarkable job of making our home habitable, and too many of us south of the Tehachapis never give a thought to its remarkable reclamation. In his brilliant – if opinionated – classic \"Cadillac Desert,\" the late Marc Reisner laments how little appreciation there is of “how difficult it will be just to hang on to the beachhead they have made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case we deal with parties who have an acute appreciation of how tenuous the beachhead is, and how desperately we all must fight to protect it. But they disagree about what steps are allowable – or required – to accomplish that task. We are called upon to determine not what is the right – or even the more reasonable – approach to the beachhead’s preservation, but what is the one chosen by the state’s voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope there are future scientists, engineers, and legislators with the wisdom to envision and enact water plans to keep our beloved Cadillac Desert habitable. But that is not the court’s mandate. Our job – and it is daunting enough – is solely to determine what water plans the voters and legislators of the past have put in place, and to determine whether the trial court’s rulings complied with those plans.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/water-658727-capistrano-juan.html\" target=\"_blank\">Orange County Register recounts\u003c/a> the origins of the lawsuit that led to Monday's ruling:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The lawsuit in San Juan Capistrano was brought in August 2012 by Jim Reardon, an aerospace executive and elected member of the Capistrano Unified School District Board of Trustees, and John Perry, a retired schools administrator who severed ties with the case after being appointed to the San Juan Capistrano City Council in February. They’d long complained of the tiers, which they believe were implemented to help pay for the city’s expensive groundwater recovery plant, for which it still owes about $40 million.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-water-rates-case-20150405-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">the Los Angeles Times provides\u003c/a> some further context on tiered water rates and their potential role in conservation:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power currently uses a two-tier rate structure, but agency officials have said they are preparing to roll out a revised system that would employ four tiers and that would make high water use even more costly than it is now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say 66 percent to 80 percent of California water providers use some type of tiered rates. A 2014 UC Riverside study estimated that tiered rate structures similar to the one used in San Juan Capistrano reduce water use over time by up to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An author of the study, Ken Baerenklau, said the effect was greatest on the heaviest water-users. In a previous interview with The Times, he said that if the court found in favor of the plaintiffs, as it did Monday, the decision “would be a big deal\" because it would \"stand in the face of significant momentum\" toward tiered rates.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"sjcapistranowater\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/262514464/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_23874\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Southern California Court Strikes Down Town's 'Conservation' Water Rates",
"datePublished": "2015-04-20T18:15:07-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a decision that could raise obstacles to water conservation efforts across the state, a Southern California appeals court has rejected the city of San Juan Capistrano's adoption of tiered rates to encourage customers to use less water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruling on a case initiated by taxpayers, a three-judge 4th District Court of Appeal found that the city's water-rate scheme violated provisions of \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/1996/120196_prop_218/understanding_prop218_1296.html\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 218\u003c/a>, a constitutional amendment passed in 1996 to limit service fees imposed by local agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's ruling drew an angry response from Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practical effect of the court’s decision is to put a straitjacket on local government at a time when maximum flexibility is needed,\" Brown said in a statement. \"My policy is and will continue to be: Employ every method possible to ensure water is conserved across California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/mcclure.jpg\">\n\u003ch3>Proposition 218 Fallout\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>KQED's Tara Siler talks to Tim Quinn, executive director of the Association of California Water Agencies, about the potential statewide impact of Monday's appeal court opinion.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201951080&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Brown added that state lawyers are studying the court's opinion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4th District panel's reasoning rests on a series of state court rulings that have held that Prop. 218 requires water rates to reflect the actual cost of providing service to individual properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4th District panel's ruling Monday (\u003ca href=\"#sjcapistranowater\">embedded below\u003c/a>) found that San Juan Capistrano violated Prop. 218 by imposing tiered water rates. Customers using relatively small volumes of water would pay a low price, but \"very excessive\" users would pay a price 3½ times higher -- without regard to how much it actually cost to provide water to any of its users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for San Juan Capistrano argued:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>That calculating the difference in cost of providing water for various water users was unduly complex and in any case not required by Prop. 218.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That it's obliged to promote conservation by another provision of the state constitution -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterplan.water.ca.gov/docs/cwpu2009/0310final/v4c01a06_cwp2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article X, Section 2\u003c/a>, which requires in part that \"the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of water be prevented.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the city also argued that its tiered rate structure represented a penalty system that is exempt from Prop. 218.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The practical effect of the court’s decision is to put a straitjacket on local government at a time when maximum flexibility is needed.'\u003ccite>Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The appeals panel found that while tiered water rates themselves don't violate Proposition 218, they must reflect the additional cost of providing higher volumes of water to some customers. The court's decision, written by Associate Justice William Bedsworth, insisted the city \u003cem>should\u003c/em> be able to calculate the additional costs of providing water to heavy users that might justify higher rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Nothing in our record tells us why, for example, [officials] could not figure out the costs of given usage levels that require [San Juan Capistrano] City Water to tap more expensive supplies, and then bill users in those tiers accordingly. Such computations would seem to satisfy Proposition 218, and City Water has not shown in this record it would be impossible to comply with the Constitutional mandate in this way or some other. As the court pointed out in Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Ass'n v. City of Fresno ... the calculations required by Proposition 218 may be “complex,” but “such a process is now required by the California Constitution.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The court did hand San Juan Capistrano one victory, ruling that it is entitled to charge all ratepayers for a water-recycling plant, even though not all of them get supplies from the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We hope there are future scientists, engineers, and legislators with the wisdom to envision and enact water plans to keep our beloved Cadillac Desert habitable.'\u003ccite>4th District Court of Appeal\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And the court almost ruefully acknowledged that its ruling comes; 1) in the midst of one of the state's worst droughts and; 2) against the background of Southern California's continuing battle to secure water supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Southern California is a “semi-desert with a desert heart.” Visionary engineers and scientists have done a remarkable job of making our home habitable, and too many of us south of the Tehachapis never give a thought to its remarkable reclamation. In his brilliant – if opinionated – classic \"Cadillac Desert,\" the late Marc Reisner laments how little appreciation there is of “how difficult it will be just to hang on to the beachhead they have made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case we deal with parties who have an acute appreciation of how tenuous the beachhead is, and how desperately we all must fight to protect it. But they disagree about what steps are allowable – or required – to accomplish that task. We are called upon to determine not what is the right – or even the more reasonable – approach to the beachhead’s preservation, but what is the one chosen by the state’s voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope there are future scientists, engineers, and legislators with the wisdom to envision and enact water plans to keep our beloved Cadillac Desert habitable. But that is not the court’s mandate. Our job – and it is daunting enough – is solely to determine what water plans the voters and legislators of the past have put in place, and to determine whether the trial court’s rulings complied with those plans.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/water-658727-capistrano-juan.html\" target=\"_blank\">Orange County Register recounts\u003c/a> the origins of the lawsuit that led to Monday's ruling:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The lawsuit in San Juan Capistrano was brought in August 2012 by Jim Reardon, an aerospace executive and elected member of the Capistrano Unified School District Board of Trustees, and John Perry, a retired schools administrator who severed ties with the case after being appointed to the San Juan Capistrano City Council in February. They’d long complained of the tiers, which they believe were implemented to help pay for the city’s expensive groundwater recovery plant, for which it still owes about $40 million.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-water-rates-case-20150405-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">the Los Angeles Times provides\u003c/a> some further context on tiered water rates and their potential role in conservation:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power currently uses a two-tier rate structure, but agency officials have said they are preparing to roll out a revised system that would employ four tiers and that would make high water use even more costly than it is now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say 66 percent to 80 percent of California water providers use some type of tiered rates. A 2014 UC Riverside study estimated that tiered rate structures similar to the one used in San Juan Capistrano reduce water use over time by up to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An author of the study, Ken Baerenklau, said the effect was greatest on the heaviest water-users. In a previous interview with The Times, he said that if the court found in favor of the plaintiffs, as it did Monday, the decision “would be a big deal\" because it would \"stand in the face of significant momentum\" toward tiered rates.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Wealthy Woodside Is Among State's Top Water Wasters",
"title": "Wealthy Woodside Is Among State's Top Water Wasters",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The rural town of Woodside combines the leafy luxury of Marin County with the remoteness of Mendocino. \u003ca href=\"http://www.woodsidetown.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Woodside\u003c/a> is nestled in the heart of Silicon Valley, but its rustic setting off scenic Highway 280 south of San Francisco is anything but high tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside has a swanky Zip code. And it has something in common with other posh cities like Beverly Hills and Malibu: Woodside is among California’s top water wasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judy Sieber owns a \u003ca href=\"http://emilyjoubert.com/home/\">local home and garden store\u003c/a>. She says many of her customers live on beautiful pieces of property and can afford luxurious gardens to match. But, she notes, those plants require a lot of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10494142\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"At her home and garden store in Woodside, Judy Sieber is pushing water efficient plants like succulents, and even artificial silk flowers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10494142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-400x257.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-1440x925.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-1180x758.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-768x493.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-320x206.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At her home and garden store in Woodside, Judy Sieber is pushing water efficient plants like succulents, and even artificial silk flowers. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be very interesting to see what they do, how they react\" to calls for conservation, Sieber says. \"If they think, ‘I don’t care, fine me. Whatever,’ ” Sieber says. “And I have friends who say, ‘I think I’m going to let the front [yard] die, but not the back. I’m not giving up the back!’ People want to save face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numbers from the State Water Board reveal that Woodside residents need to save more than face. They need to save \u003cem>water\u003c/em> by cutting their use by 35 percent. Otherwise, their water district could face fines of up to $10,000 a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Woodside’s main gathering places is a local food joint named \u003ca href=\"http://buckswoodside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Buck's\u003c/a> – an unassuming, quirky restaurant decorated with random items like French horns, an alligator (or is it a crocodile?) riding a little red wagon and cowboy-hat lampshades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327068\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buck's owner, Jamis MacNiven, says, \"There's a lot of craziness around the water issue\" in Woodside. He notes that \"the real issue is economic -- we don’t value water enough as a commodity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the cheapest water in the world, and as long as that’s the case, we have problems,” he says. “I mean, if we’re watering giant cemeteries of dead people, as opposed to drinking the water, maybe our values need to be readjusted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MacNiven defends his fellow Woodsiders from charges they're water hogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People don’t have giant lawns generally here. It’s not Beverly Hills,” he says. In other words, water waste is a problem, but not \u003cem>here\u003c/em> in Woodside.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Just because you can afford to have a rolling golf course in your backyard doesn’t mean you should.'\u003ccite>Judy Sieber\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At a table in the corner, old-timer Joe Greenback (yes, that's his real name and he's wearing a green polo shirt) admits he \u003cem>does\u003c/em> have a big lawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't know whether we're gonna have to let it go brown or not,” he says. “We haven't yet, but we're thinking in those terms how we can conserve or cut back. We've got a large investment in landscaping that I don't want to lose. It’d have to get a lot more serious than it is now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in Woodside acknowledge the drought is serious -- \u003cem>now\u003c/em>. Sieber stopped watering the boxwood balls lining her driveway. When they died, she used green spray paint to liven them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everybody needs to do their part,” Sieber says. “My motto is: Just because you can afford to have a rolling golf course in your backyard doesn’t mean you \u003cem>should\u003c/em>. I'm probably offending people I know,\" she says, with a roar of laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10494137\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"Debbie Mendelson (L) and her son Jason have become the lead proponents of water conservation in Woodside, a town that so far isn't doing its part to save water.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10494137\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-400x274.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-1440x986.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-1180x808.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-768x526.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-320x219.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Debbie Mendelson (L) and her son Jason have become the lead proponents of water conservation in Woodside, a town that so far isn't doing its part to save water. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She adds: \"It’s a different time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside does have a self-appointed water watchdog: Debbie Mendelson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last July, Mendelson marched down to the Town Council armed with a three-ring notebook full of water waste data. She had a strong message for the council -- adopt a water conservation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't know what the people at the high end are doing, but they have to also contribute to making the difference,” Mendelson says. “We all need water. No one is any more special than anyone else in needing water to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living next to the Menlo Country Club and golf course sends Mendelson fuming every time she sees them watering their plush green fairways in the middle of the day with potable water, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water seems to be a family obsession. Her son, Jason Mendelson, chairs the town's Sustainability and Conservation Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're gonna be in real trouble, so this is kind of the last chance,” he says. “I think it's that those of us who are, maybe, of means, to take a leadership role in making the changes both culturally and practically so that we can have some water in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than eight months since the Mendelsons urged the town to adopt a water conservation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside is still thinking about it.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The rural town of Woodside combines the leafy luxury of Marin County with the remoteness of Mendocino. \u003ca href=\"http://www.woodsidetown.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Woodside\u003c/a> is nestled in the heart of Silicon Valley, but its rustic setting off scenic Highway 280 south of San Francisco is anything but high tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside has a swanky Zip code. And it has something in common with other posh cities like Beverly Hills and Malibu: Woodside is among California’s top water wasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judy Sieber owns a \u003ca href=\"http://emilyjoubert.com/home/\">local home and garden store\u003c/a>. She says many of her customers live on beautiful pieces of property and can afford luxurious gardens to match. But, she notes, those plants require a lot of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10494142\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"At her home and garden store in Woodside, Judy Sieber is pushing water efficient plants like succulents, and even artificial silk flowers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10494142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-400x257.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-1440x925.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-1180x758.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-768x493.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents-320x206.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideSucculents.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At her home and garden store in Woodside, Judy Sieber is pushing water efficient plants like succulents, and even artificial silk flowers. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be very interesting to see what they do, how they react\" to calls for conservation, Sieber says. \"If they think, ‘I don’t care, fine me. Whatever,’ ” Sieber says. “And I have friends who say, ‘I think I’m going to let the front [yard] die, but not the back. I’m not giving up the back!’ People want to save face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numbers from the State Water Board reveal that Woodside residents need to save more than face. They need to save \u003cem>water\u003c/em> by cutting their use by 35 percent. Otherwise, their water district could face fines of up to $10,000 a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Woodside’s main gathering places is a local food joint named \u003ca href=\"http://buckswoodside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Buck's\u003c/a> – an unassuming, quirky restaurant decorated with random items like French horns, an alligator (or is it a crocodile?) riding a little red wagon and cowboy-hat lampshades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327068&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327068'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buck's owner, Jamis MacNiven, says, \"There's a lot of craziness around the water issue\" in Woodside. He notes that \"the real issue is economic -- we don’t value water enough as a commodity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the cheapest water in the world, and as long as that’s the case, we have problems,” he says. “I mean, if we’re watering giant cemeteries of dead people, as opposed to drinking the water, maybe our values need to be readjusted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MacNiven defends his fellow Woodsiders from charges they're water hogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People don’t have giant lawns generally here. It’s not Beverly Hills,” he says. In other words, water waste is a problem, but not \u003cem>here\u003c/em> in Woodside.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Just because you can afford to have a rolling golf course in your backyard doesn’t mean you should.'\u003ccite>Judy Sieber\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At a table in the corner, old-timer Joe Greenback (yes, that's his real name and he's wearing a green polo shirt) admits he \u003cem>does\u003c/em> have a big lawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't know whether we're gonna have to let it go brown or not,” he says. “We haven't yet, but we're thinking in those terms how we can conserve or cut back. We've got a large investment in landscaping that I don't want to lose. It’d have to get a lot more serious than it is now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in Woodside acknowledge the drought is serious -- \u003cem>now\u003c/em>. Sieber stopped watering the boxwood balls lining her driveway. When they died, she used green spray paint to liven them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everybody needs to do their part,” Sieber says. “My motto is: Just because you can afford to have a rolling golf course in your backyard doesn’t mean you \u003cem>should\u003c/em>. I'm probably offending people I know,\" she says, with a roar of laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10494137\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"Debbie Mendelson (L) and her son Jason have become the lead proponents of water conservation in Woodside, a town that so far isn't doing its part to save water.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10494137\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-400x274.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-1440x986.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-1180x808.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-768x526.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving-320x219.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/WoodsideWaterSaving.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Debbie Mendelson (L) and her son Jason have become the lead proponents of water conservation in Woodside, a town that so far isn't doing its part to save water. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She adds: \"It’s a different time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside does have a self-appointed water watchdog: Debbie Mendelson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last July, Mendelson marched down to the Town Council armed with a three-ring notebook full of water waste data. She had a strong message for the council -- adopt a water conservation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't know what the people at the high end are doing, but they have to also contribute to making the difference,” Mendelson says. “We all need water. No one is any more special than anyone else in needing water to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living next to the Menlo Country Club and golf course sends Mendelson fuming every time she sees them watering their plush green fairways in the middle of the day with potable water, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water seems to be a family obsession. Her son, Jason Mendelson, chairs the town's Sustainability and Conservation Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're gonna be in real trouble, so this is kind of the last chance,” he says. “I think it's that those of us who are, maybe, of means, to take a leadership role in making the changes both culturally and practically so that we can have some water in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than eight months since the Mendelsons urged the town to adopt a water conservation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodside is still thinking about it.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>“Hard work, low pay, miserable conditions, and more!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the actual motto for the California Conservation Corps, the state program that puts young adults to work in emergency response, park improvements and fire protection. In Marin, many corps members — known affectionately as “C’s” – do hard physical work building and maintaining the world-class trails in places like Point Reyes, Mount Tamalpais and Muir Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the young people burn thousands of calories a day, food plays a crucial role for a CCC crew, and their menu has barely changed since the ’30s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327335″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hiking a couple miles up a wooded path, 20-year-old Willy Parker shows me the huge drainage area he and the rest of the crew are shoring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll last for a couple hundred years,” he tells me. “I think that’s pretty awesome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re on a section of trail near Devil’s Gulch Camp in West Marin. I’m trying to understand this puzzle of huge rocks that crew members maneuver to fill a huge hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker tells me we’re looking at about 30 rocks, each as heavy as 100 pounds. Crew members roll rocks down the trail and work in teams, using long metal poles to place them correctly. They mark and chisel the rocks to get the perfect size, so they’ll fit snugly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They all have to be contacting, one edge to another edge,” says Parker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491691\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 495px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10491691 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-800x633.jpg\" alt=\"California Conservation Corps members, “Cs” for short, roll rocks as heavy as 500 pounds to their work area, set them into place and chisel them for a snug fit.\" width=\"495\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-800x633.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-400x317.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-1440x1140.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-1180x934.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-768x608.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-320x253.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Conservation Corps members, “C’s” for short, roll rocks as heavy as 500 pounds to their work area, set them into place and chisel them for a snug fit. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s to support the tens of thousands of hikers, mountain bikers and horseback riders expected to use this trail. If you hike this trail in a year or two, Parker says, you won’t be able to see the work that went on here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, the dirt, the leaves will fall over it to make it look natural,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker is part of what’s called a spike crew: Members will be working this site off and on for over a year. They spend eight days working, then six days at a residential center near Lake Tahoe. There they get time off and take classes. Like Parker, many work on their GEDs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these corps members prod heavy stones into place, Samantha Pack and Gabino Lopez have left the trail early to report to KP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“KP stands for kitchen patrol, or kitchen police as we call it,” says Lopez. “It’s the person whose duty it is to take care of the kitchen and camp, all the chores like start the fire, clean around the kitchen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kitchen’s really clean, but it’s not much to look at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, it’s an old burlap tent,” says Pack. “It’s set up with our two stoves, both powered by propane. Two chests are filled with our pots, pans, dishes, and the top is our serving table. It’s a tight space!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez is getting creative, chopping onions and slicing oranges and lemon for the fish they’re serving the 20 crew members and two supervisors. “For us KP’s, we try to make something delicious, just to make the crew feel like they’re at their house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, the California Conservation Corps hires about 3,000 men and women between 18 and 25. Each has his or her own reasons for joining, but many here, like Samantha Pack, told me they needed some direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody has their different problems, but I was very defiant,” she says. “I didn’t know what I wanted. I was always taught to run from my problems. When I started to realize that running wasn’t getting anything done, my mentality changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491694\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10491694\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"Gabino Lopez, left, and Samantha Pack hard at work on 'kitchen patrol.' \" width=\"800\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-800x568.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-400x284.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-1440x1023.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-1180x838.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-320x227.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabino Lopez, left, and Samantha Pack hard at work on ‘kitchen patrol.’ \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An alumna told her about the program, and the Bakersfield native found she really loves hands-on trail work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had never done any labor at all. I grew up not going to school, sitting on the couch,” Pack says. “Then all of a sudden being told, ‘Dig this hole, move this there,’ it really gave me what I guess I always needed. Not only that discipline, but having that urgency to get things done the right way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like we’re a big machine as a group, and the KP’s are the batteries to the machine,” says Lopez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they’re out here for more than a week, the food for each meal is planned and packed ahead. KP’s can use ingredients creatively, but they have to consider coming meals. Lopez pulls out the eight-day food calendar, labeled for breakfast and dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we’re having fish fillet, rice pilaf, carrots and salad,” he explains. “Day Four, we’re having pork chops, red potatoes, with broccoli and salad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few miles away, in his office on Mount Tamalpais, I meet Victor Bjelajac, who oversees maintenance of state parks in Marin. He’s flipping through pages in a binder, looking at old food orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”fSu9GIDgULAADpkMNYluvfByflKgIFTJ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a group of Civilian Conservation Corps members that were working at Mount Tamalpais. This one was from 1939.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And guess what? It sounds a lot like what the KP crew is making tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For supper, there was fillet of sole, mashed potatoes, creamed carrots, bread, butter,” Bjelajac reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The similarities in the menu aren’t sentimental. Camp food has always had to fuel large groups for hard labor. Launched in 1933 as a response to the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps employed millions of young men, many of them veterans, to work on remote, government-owned lands — planting trees, building roadways, updating parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Marin, they built trails and camps and a beautiful amphitheater, still in use today. The Corps accepted only men, and the crews were segregated by race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems inconceivable today when you look at California Conservation Corps,” says Bjelajac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CCC is about a quarter women, and very diverse. But he says what the two have in common is young people, doing important work as a group for the public good. That, and the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the culture that’s built around a camp gets built around meals,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491700\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10491700\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-800x655.jpg\" alt=\"Gabino Lopez tends the fire, also known as the camp TV.\" width=\"800\" height=\"655\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-800x655.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-400x327.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-1440x1178.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-1180x966.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-768x628.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-320x262.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabino Lopez tends the fire, also known as the camp TV. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back at camp, Gabino Lopez tends a fire as his fellow corps members start to come off the trail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would honestly rather sit at the fire and watch it for three hours than sit at home on a couch and just watch TV,” Lopez says. “I’d rather bathe in a creek than shower in a bathroom. It makes me feel more alive, I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’s happy pan-frying fish and sauteing carrots in a tent. Willy Parker says that after working all day and hiking down, KP is a life-saver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to get to camp, and the food is smelling good, and everybody just be walking around the KP tent ready to eat,” he says. “So it’s pretty good, we got that right there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like a lot of this crew, Parker never went camping or fishing as a kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Camping is amazing,” he says with a laugh. “It’s amazing. I hadn’t done none of that till I joined the CCC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just about trying new things. Parker has a 2-year-old daughter at home in Sacramento, and he says being a C gives him purpose, and pride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, I feel like it’s a great experience,” he says. “I can bring my daughter up here when she gets older to understand, and be like, ‘I built this.’ It just opens my heart and my mind. I can do something I never thought I could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he used to look at trails and ask, “I wonder how you build this? Or who built this? Now, I find myself actually answering my own question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The series \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported in part by \u003ca href=\"http://www.calhum.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Humanities\u003c/a>. Reporter Lisa Morehouse produced it during a fellowship at \u003ca href=\"http://www.hedgebrook.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hedgebrook\u003c/a>, a residency for women writers. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>“Hard work, low pay, miserable conditions, and more!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the actual motto for the California Conservation Corps, the state program that puts young adults to work in emergency response, park improvements and fire protection. In Marin, many corps members — known affectionately as “C’s” – do hard physical work building and maintaining the world-class trails in places like Point Reyes, Mount Tamalpais and Muir Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the young people burn thousands of calories a day, food plays a crucial role for a CCC crew, and their menu has barely changed since the ’30s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327335″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201327335″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hiking a couple miles up a wooded path, 20-year-old Willy Parker shows me the huge drainage area he and the rest of the crew are shoring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll last for a couple hundred years,” he tells me. “I think that’s pretty awesome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re on a section of trail near Devil’s Gulch Camp in West Marin. I’m trying to understand this puzzle of huge rocks that crew members maneuver to fill a huge hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker tells me we’re looking at about 30 rocks, each as heavy as 100 pounds. Crew members roll rocks down the trail and work in teams, using long metal poles to place them correctly. They mark and chisel the rocks to get the perfect size, so they’ll fit snugly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They all have to be contacting, one edge to another edge,” says Parker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491691\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 495px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10491691 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-800x633.jpg\" alt=\"California Conservation Corps members, “Cs” for short, roll rocks as heavy as 500 pounds to their work area, set them into place and chisel them for a snug fit.\" width=\"495\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-800x633.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-400x317.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-1440x1140.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-1180x934.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-768x608.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone-320x253.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RockAndStone.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Conservation Corps members, “C’s” for short, roll rocks as heavy as 500 pounds to their work area, set them into place and chisel them for a snug fit. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s to support the tens of thousands of hikers, mountain bikers and horseback riders expected to use this trail. If you hike this trail in a year or two, Parker says, you won’t be able to see the work that went on here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, the dirt, the leaves will fall over it to make it look natural,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parker is part of what’s called a spike crew: Members will be working this site off and on for over a year. They spend eight days working, then six days at a residential center near Lake Tahoe. There they get time off and take classes. Like Parker, many work on their GEDs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these corps members prod heavy stones into place, Samantha Pack and Gabino Lopez have left the trail early to report to KP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“KP stands for kitchen patrol, or kitchen police as we call it,” says Lopez. “It’s the person whose duty it is to take care of the kitchen and camp, all the chores like start the fire, clean around the kitchen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kitchen’s really clean, but it’s not much to look at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, it’s an old burlap tent,” says Pack. “It’s set up with our two stoves, both powered by propane. Two chests are filled with our pots, pans, dishes, and the top is our serving table. It’s a tight space!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez is getting creative, chopping onions and slicing oranges and lemon for the fish they’re serving the 20 crew members and two supervisors. “For us KP’s, we try to make something delicious, just to make the crew feel like they’re at their house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, the California Conservation Corps hires about 3,000 men and women between 18 and 25. Each has his or her own reasons for joining, but many here, like Samantha Pack, told me they needed some direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody has their different problems, but I was very defiant,” she says. “I didn’t know what I wanted. I was always taught to run from my problems. When I started to realize that running wasn’t getting anything done, my mentality changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491694\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10491694\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-800x568.jpg\" alt=\"Gabino Lopez, left, and Samantha Pack hard at work on 'kitchen patrol.' \" width=\"800\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-800x568.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-400x284.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-1440x1023.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-1180x838.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin-320x227.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/TentCookin.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabino Lopez, left, and Samantha Pack hard at work on ‘kitchen patrol.’ \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An alumna told her about the program, and the Bakersfield native found she really loves hands-on trail work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had never done any labor at all. I grew up not going to school, sitting on the couch,” Pack says. “Then all of a sudden being told, ‘Dig this hole, move this there,’ it really gave me what I guess I always needed. Not only that discipline, but having that urgency to get things done the right way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like we’re a big machine as a group, and the KP’s are the batteries to the machine,” says Lopez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they’re out here for more than a week, the food for each meal is planned and packed ahead. KP’s can use ingredients creatively, but they have to consider coming meals. Lopez pulls out the eight-day food calendar, labeled for breakfast and dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we’re having fish fillet, rice pilaf, carrots and salad,” he explains. “Day Four, we’re having pork chops, red potatoes, with broccoli and salad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few miles away, in his office on Mount Tamalpais, I meet Victor Bjelajac, who oversees maintenance of state parks in Marin. He’s flipping through pages in a binder, looking at old food orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a group of Civilian Conservation Corps members that were working at Mount Tamalpais. This one was from 1939.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And guess what? It sounds a lot like what the KP crew is making tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For supper, there was fillet of sole, mashed potatoes, creamed carrots, bread, butter,” Bjelajac reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The similarities in the menu aren’t sentimental. Camp food has always had to fuel large groups for hard labor. Launched in 1933 as a response to the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps employed millions of young men, many of them veterans, to work on remote, government-owned lands — planting trees, building roadways, updating parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Marin, they built trails and camps and a beautiful amphitheater, still in use today. The Corps accepted only men, and the crews were segregated by race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems inconceivable today when you look at California Conservation Corps,” says Bjelajac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CCC is about a quarter women, and very diverse. But he says what the two have in common is young people, doing important work as a group for the public good. That, and the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the culture that’s built around a camp gets built around meals,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10491700\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10491700\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-800x655.jpg\" alt=\"Gabino Lopez tends the fire, also known as the camp TV.\" width=\"800\" height=\"655\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-800x655.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-400x327.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-1440x1178.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-1180x966.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-768x628.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV-320x262.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/CampTV.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabino Lopez tends the fire, also known as the camp TV. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back at camp, Gabino Lopez tends a fire as his fellow corps members start to come off the trail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would honestly rather sit at the fire and watch it for three hours than sit at home on a couch and just watch TV,” Lopez says. “I’d rather bathe in a creek than shower in a bathroom. It makes me feel more alive, I think.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’s happy pan-frying fish and sauteing carrots in a tent. Willy Parker says that after working all day and hiking down, KP is a life-saver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to get to camp, and the food is smelling good, and everybody just be walking around the KP tent ready to eat,” he says. “So it’s pretty good, we got that right there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like a lot of this crew, Parker never went camping or fishing as a kid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Camping is amazing,” he says with a laugh. “It’s amazing. I hadn’t done none of that till I joined the CCC.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just about trying new things. Parker has a 2-year-old daughter at home in Sacramento, and he says being a C gives him purpose, and pride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, I feel like it’s a great experience,” he says. “I can bring my daughter up here when she gets older to understand, and be like, ‘I built this.’ It just opens my heart and my mind. I can do something I never thought I could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he used to look at trails and ask, “I wonder how you build this? Or who built this? Now, I find myself actually answering my own question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The series \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported in part by \u003ca href=\"http://www.calhum.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Humanities\u003c/a>. Reporter Lisa Morehouse produced it during a fellowship at \u003ca href=\"http://www.hedgebrook.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hedgebrook\u003c/a>, a residency for women writers. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Agency Halts Sardine Fishing as Population Collapses",
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"content": "\u003cp>Federal fishery regulators on Wednesday approved an early closure of the commercial sardine season off Oregon, Washington and California -- shutting down the harvest of the highly sought fish for at least the next 14 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meeting in Rohnert Park, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Fishery Management Council\u003c/a> voted to direct NOAA Fisheries to halt the current season as early as possible, affecting about 100 fishing boats with sardine permits, though far fewer are actively fishing at the moment. The season normally would end June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council decided earlier in the week to shut down the 2015-16 sardine season, which was to start July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action was taken based on revised estimates of sardine populations, which found the fish were declining in numbers faster than earlier believed, and on fears that without action sardines could soon reach the status of being overfished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council acted over protests from some in the fishing industry, and members said they understood the pain the closure would impose on some communities and workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Council member Michele Culver, representing the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, said the shutdown is necessary because a new assessment of sardine stocks showed they were much lower than estimated last year, when harvest quotas were set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in an overfished state in a couple of years,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Enticknap of the conservation group Oceana urged the council to take emergency action, arguing that sardines have been overfished since 2009 due to declining reproduction. He added that 90 percent of this year's class of sea lion pups were starving for lack of sardines to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sardine populations have crashed 91 percent since 2007,\" he said after the vote. \"We would have liked to see this happen much sooner, but now we can start to rebuild this sardine population that is so important to the health of the ocean.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mike Okoniewski, a seafood processor from Washington who serves on an advisory panel, told the council that sardines were not being overfished, and shutting down the remainder of the current season would deprive fishing communities of $1 million worth of landings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that fishermen were seeing signs of more sardines moving into Southern California waters, and large numbers of fish spawning off Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The once-thriving sardine industry crashed in the 1940s, before modern fisheries management that sets harvest quotas and tries to prevent overfishing. Since it revived in the 1990s, most of the West Coast catch is exported to Asia and Europe, where some is canned, and the rest goes for bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sardine population estimates have been declining since 2006, and catch values since 2012, when they hit $21 million. The reasons are not well understood, though it is widely accepted that huge population swings are natural and generally are related to water temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 100 boats have permits to fish for sardines on the West Coast. That's about half the number during the heyday.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal fishery regulators on Wednesday approved an early closure of the commercial sardine season off Oregon, Washington and California -- shutting down the harvest of the highly sought fish for at least the next 14 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meeting in Rohnert Park, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Fishery Management Council\u003c/a> voted to direct NOAA Fisheries to halt the current season as early as possible, affecting about 100 fishing boats with sardine permits, though far fewer are actively fishing at the moment. The season normally would end June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council decided earlier in the week to shut down the 2015-16 sardine season, which was to start July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action was taken based on revised estimates of sardine populations, which found the fish were declining in numbers faster than earlier believed, and on fears that without action sardines could soon reach the status of being overfished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council acted over protests from some in the fishing industry, and members said they understood the pain the closure would impose on some communities and workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Council member Michele Culver, representing the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, said the shutdown is necessary because a new assessment of sardine stocks showed they were much lower than estimated last year, when harvest quotas were set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may be in an overfished state in a couple of years,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Enticknap of the conservation group Oceana urged the council to take emergency action, arguing that sardines have been overfished since 2009 due to declining reproduction. He added that 90 percent of this year's class of sea lion pups were starving for lack of sardines to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sardine populations have crashed 91 percent since 2007,\" he said after the vote. \"We would have liked to see this happen much sooner, but now we can start to rebuild this sardine population that is so important to the health of the ocean.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mike Okoniewski, a seafood processor from Washington who serves on an advisory panel, told the council that sardines were not being overfished, and shutting down the remainder of the current season would deprive fishing communities of $1 million worth of landings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that fishermen were seeing signs of more sardines moving into Southern California waters, and large numbers of fish spawning off Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The once-thriving sardine industry crashed in the 1940s, before modern fisheries management that sets harvest quotas and tries to prevent overfishing. Since it revived in the 1990s, most of the West Coast catch is exported to Asia and Europe, where some is canned, and the rest goes for bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sardine population estimates have been declining since 2006, and catch values since 2012, when they hit $21 million. The reasons are not well understood, though it is widely accepted that huge population swings are natural and generally are related to water temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 100 boats have permits to fish for sardines on the West Coast. That's about half the number during the heyday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Medical Pot Growers Lobby Legislature to Regulate Industry",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California's marijuana farmers have existed in a legal gray area during the 18 years since the state became the first to allow residents to use the drug for medical purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, veteran cannabis growers are emerging from the shadows to make their voices heard at the Capitol as the groundwork is being laid to legalize pot for recreational use in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana producers from Northern California's Emerald Triangle are hiring veteran lobbyists, forming political action committees and taking elected officials on fact-finding tours — even though large-scale pot farms remain illegal under federal law and growers risk being raided and prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The more consistent we can be in reminding people that unregulated agriculture is the problem ... the better off we'll be.'\u003ccite>Hezekiah Allen,\u003cbr>\nExecutive director, Emerald Growers Association\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The growers' coalition says it's worth the risk to ensure their interests are represented as lawmakers, and ultimately voters, consider regulations that could allow them to do business aboveboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is democracy in action,\" said Casey O'Neill, who grows flowers, vegetables and marijuana in Mendocino County and serves as secretary of the 750-member \u003ca href=\"http://www.emeraldgrowers.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Emerald Growers Association\u003c/a>. \"Every other industry sends lobbyists to tell government how to think, so finally as an industry we are realizing if this is how it works in America, we are going to have to play ball.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first at-bat is a Wednesday hearing for a bill that would require medical marijuana growers to obtain permits and subject them to environmental inspections. The association is bringing members to Sacramento for advocacy training and to support the legislation with visits to legislators' offices and T-shirts reading, \"I am a farmer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0201-0250/ab_243_bill_20150408_amended_asm_v98.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">AB243\u003c/a>, is Assemblyman Jim Wood, a Democrat whose sprawling, 300-mile-long district encompasses the prime marijuana territory of Mendocino, Humboldt and Trinity counties. Wood said he doesn't know how his constituents will be received, but he hopes his colleagues will keep open minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's one of those things that here in Sacramento, when you start talking about it, some people, if you don't live in the world where this comes from, they are uncomfortable,\" Wood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prepare for\u003ca href=\"http://agri.assembly.ca.gov/hearings\" target=\"_blank\"> the hearing of the Assembly Agriculture Committee\u003c/a>, nine members of the growers' association put on slacks and dresses for a meeting in their lobbyist's 25th floor office within blocks of the Capitol to plot strategy and messaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to highlight their community as consisting largely of responsible farmers who are good environmentalists and employers but have been forced to operate as outlaws and unfairly lumped in with unscrupulous drug gangs that steal water for illegal pot grows on public lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more consistent we can be in reminding people that unregulated agriculture is the problem, and for all of the problems the solution is regulation, the better off we'll be,\" said Emerald Growers Association Executive Director Hezekiah Allen, a third-generation pot farmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, Colorado and Washington state, where marijuana already has been legalized for recreational use by adults, pot growers have engaged in political advocacy in concert with and in opposition to consumer and business groups that fought for full legalization. Ongoing issues include price differences between medical and recreational pot and whether longtime growers are getting locked out of a more tightly regulated environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's growers want to avoid such scenarios. Association members say the state's medical marijuana laws are too loose to offer guidance or protection, so they have been collaborating with the drug reform groups that are crafting ballot language for a 2016 legalization campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growers' organization says pot farms should be overseen by the state agriculture department, as vineyards are, and that any licensing system should employ a tiered approach that leaves room for small \"craft cultivators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One sign that the growers are being heard was a two-day field trip that \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtcounty.nationbuilder.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Cannabis Voice Humboldt\u003c/a>, an advocacy group, organized last week for two members of the state tax board, which is providing input for the drafters of the legalization initiative on how recreational weed could be taxed. The officials toured a seedling nursery, a pair of specialty farms and a horticulture supply company, posing after the outing for a group photo with their hosts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A farmer made that happen,\" said group treasurer Luke Bruner, who organized the visit. \"The weed fairy doesn't bring this stuff to the dispensary.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Northern California cannabis growers say they're backing bill that would bring order to industry.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/scoopscout\" target=\"_blank\">Lisa Leff\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Associated Press\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California's marijuana farmers have existed in a legal gray area during the 18 years since the state became the first to allow residents to use the drug for medical purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, veteran cannabis growers are emerging from the shadows to make their voices heard at the Capitol as the groundwork is being laid to legalize pot for recreational use in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana producers from Northern California's Emerald Triangle are hiring veteran lobbyists, forming political action committees and taking elected officials on fact-finding tours — even though large-scale pot farms remain illegal under federal law and growers risk being raided and prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The more consistent we can be in reminding people that unregulated agriculture is the problem ... the better off we'll be.'\u003ccite>Hezekiah Allen,\u003cbr>\nExecutive director, Emerald Growers Association\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The growers' coalition says it's worth the risk to ensure their interests are represented as lawmakers, and ultimately voters, consider regulations that could allow them to do business aboveboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is democracy in action,\" said Casey O'Neill, who grows flowers, vegetables and marijuana in Mendocino County and serves as secretary of the 750-member \u003ca href=\"http://www.emeraldgrowers.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Emerald Growers Association\u003c/a>. \"Every other industry sends lobbyists to tell government how to think, so finally as an industry we are realizing if this is how it works in America, we are going to have to play ball.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first at-bat is a Wednesday hearing for a bill that would require medical marijuana growers to obtain permits and subject them to environmental inspections. The association is bringing members to Sacramento for advocacy training and to support the legislation with visits to legislators' offices and T-shirts reading, \"I am a farmer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0201-0250/ab_243_bill_20150408_amended_asm_v98.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">AB243\u003c/a>, is Assemblyman Jim Wood, a Democrat whose sprawling, 300-mile-long district encompasses the prime marijuana territory of Mendocino, Humboldt and Trinity counties. Wood said he doesn't know how his constituents will be received, but he hopes his colleagues will keep open minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's one of those things that here in Sacramento, when you start talking about it, some people, if you don't live in the world where this comes from, they are uncomfortable,\" Wood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prepare for\u003ca href=\"http://agri.assembly.ca.gov/hearings\" target=\"_blank\"> the hearing of the Assembly Agriculture Committee\u003c/a>, nine members of the growers' association put on slacks and dresses for a meeting in their lobbyist's 25th floor office within blocks of the Capitol to plot strategy and messaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to highlight their community as consisting largely of responsible farmers who are good environmentalists and employers but have been forced to operate as outlaws and unfairly lumped in with unscrupulous drug gangs that steal water for illegal pot grows on public lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The more consistent we can be in reminding people that unregulated agriculture is the problem, and for all of the problems the solution is regulation, the better off we'll be,\" said Emerald Growers Association Executive Director Hezekiah Allen, a third-generation pot farmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, Colorado and Washington state, where marijuana already has been legalized for recreational use by adults, pot growers have engaged in political advocacy in concert with and in opposition to consumer and business groups that fought for full legalization. Ongoing issues include price differences between medical and recreational pot and whether longtime growers are getting locked out of a more tightly regulated environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's growers want to avoid such scenarios. Association members say the state's medical marijuana laws are too loose to offer guidance or protection, so they have been collaborating with the drug reform groups that are crafting ballot language for a 2016 legalization campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growers' organization says pot farms should be overseen by the state agriculture department, as vineyards are, and that any licensing system should employ a tiered approach that leaves room for small \"craft cultivators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One sign that the growers are being heard was a two-day field trip that \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtcounty.nationbuilder.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Cannabis Voice Humboldt\u003c/a>, an advocacy group, organized last week for two members of the state tax board, which is providing input for the drafters of the legalization initiative on how recreational weed could be taxed. The officials toured a seedling nursery, a pair of specialty farms and a horticulture supply company, posing after the outing for a group photo with their hosts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A farmer made that happen,\" said group treasurer Luke Bruner, who organized the visit. \"The weed fairy doesn't bring this stuff to the dispensary.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "April Drought Update: How Do the Reservoirs Look? Low, and Getting Lower",
"title": "April Drought Update: How Do the Reservoirs Look? Low, and Getting Lower",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, April 14, 2015:\u003c/strong> This is our final update of a post that started out in December asking how fast the state's big reservoirs were filling up, as \"an outlandish volume\" of water poured down on California. Through the subsequent dry months -- in some locales, January through March this year marked the driest winter since record keeping began in the 19th century -- the question \"so how do those reservoirs look\" has taken on a much different cast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don't look good. At least one of the state's 10 biggest reservoirs -- the mammoth New Melones Lake, on the Stanislaus River -- may be emptied entirely before next fall's hoped-for rains. New Melones, which is backed up by a dam of the same name operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, supplies water for farmers and cities in the northeastern San Joaquin Valley; some of the water is also used to maintain flows on the Stanislaus for threatened chinook salmon and steelhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"VfLflD6dhqavX6XtZ0C7Q71ZfhE3LsDV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation at New Melones is not unique. Although December's heavy rains and a handful of big storms since then did bolster supplies at the state's biggest artificial lakes, Shasta and Oroville, their levels remain far below normal -- 72 percent and 61 percent respectively. With the state's mountain ranges virtually bare of snow, there's no prospect for spring runoff that would add to those lakes' supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, none of the above really rates as news, and all of us will be living with the consequences in the months to come, and perhaps far longer. To follow our coverage of the drought, please check out our ongoing updates at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED's Drought Watch 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 24, 2015:\u003c/strong> So, we started this season's water-watching in December with an eye to what early winter storms were doing to replenish the state's critically low water reservoirs. We all know what's happened since:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wet December followed by one of the driest Januaries on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, a couple of nice shots of rain in Northern California, with scant precipitation farther south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then March. It's not one of California's Big Three months for precipitation. But in 1991, an occasion that water-watchers recall with increasing wistfulness, March produced such a bounty of rain and snow that it's still known as a \u003ca href=\"http://snowbrains.com/miracle-march-1991-march-saved-tahoe/\" target=\"_blank\">miracle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week before the end of the month, it's clear \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2995\" target=\"_blank\">we'll witness no miracle\u003c/a> this time. What we're seeing instead is nothing short of shocking. The April 1 snowpack, to be officially reported next week, will be the lowest on record. And \"lowest on record\" doesn't quite convey how extreme the situation really is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the \"snow-water equivalent\" in the thin blanket of white covering California's mountains stood at a shade under 25 percent of its historic average. That beat the record, a hair over 25 percent, set during the severe drought season of 1976-77.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year's snowpack?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The network of electronic sensors sending in reports from highland locations from the Trinity Alps down to the southern Sierra is showing that statewide, \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">the snowpack is at \u003cem>9 percent\u003c/em> of average\u003c/a> -- not even half of where it was last year, when it was at its record low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the standard California water lecture is to talk about our \"frozen reservoir\" in the mountains -- a reference to the fact that anywhere between a third and a half of the water we use each year falls as snow, melts gradually as the weather warms, then comes tumbling down to our valleys as clear, cold water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, that's not happening this year. Regardless of what the statistical summaries say about our reservoirs -- our big Northern California lakes are still in good shape relative to last year, though \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">far below average\u003c/a> for the date -- the near-total absence of snow means California, its 38 million people and its giant farm economy are headed into unknown territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unknown, except that it will be very dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/snowapp/sweq.action\" width=\"100%\" height=\"1000\" align=\"alignleft\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 3, 2015:\u003c/strong> As others have written -- notably Paul Rogers, managing editor of KQED's Science unit and environmental writer for the San Jose Mercury News -- one of the strong patterns that has \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_27494057/california-drought-divide-emerging-northern-california-getting-much\" target=\"_blank\">emerged this winter\u003c/a> is an atypical divide between how much precipitation Northern California has gotten this \"wet\" season and how much is falling south of the latitude of, say, San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to be clear, climatic records show that Northern California gets more rain than Southern California, period. But this winter, many locations in Northern California are at -- or even a little above -- their seasonal average for precipitation, thanks mostly to a very wet December, while to the south, many locations are lagging far behind seasonal precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, San Jose has gotten 11.74 inches of rain since Oct. 1, which is 104 percent of \"normal.\" Fresno, in the San Joaquin Valley, has gotten 4.58 inches, or 58 percent of normal. (Here's a short list of these and other stations \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/awipsProducts/RNOWRKCLI.php\" target=\"_blank\">from the California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result of this general pattern is that there's been a healthy increase in storage at big reservoirs in Northern California. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, the state's biggest reservoir, is at 78 percent of average for this date (though it's just 58 percent full). \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, the second-biggest storage facility, is at 70 percent of average and 49 percent full. Both are running far ahead of storage levels at this time last year. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=FOL&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Folsom Lake\u003c/a> is actually above average, at 103 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to the south, the bigger reservoirs are mostly in abysmal shape. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=NML&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">New Melones\u003c/a>, on the Stanislaus River and the state's fourth-biggest storage facility, is 25 percent full and 48 percent of average. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=NML&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Don Pedro\u003c/a>, the No. 5 reservoir, is 43 percent full and 60 percent of normal. (See the Department of Water Resources' \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily summary of major reservoirs\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the state's 10 biggest reservoirs, none is in as bad shape as \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=EXC&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake McClure\u003c/a>, on the Merced River downstream from Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month ago, Feb. 3, Lake McClure fell to its lowest level since it was filled in the 1960s. Per statistics from the state Department of Water Resources, its volume shrank to 63,489 acre-feet (remember, capacity is 1 million) and its surface was at 585.99 feet above sea level. That broke a record set during the six-year drought of 1986-1992, when the lake fell to 66,228 acre-feet, 588.48 surface elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lake McClure nadir during the terrible drought of 1976-77 -- the drought that saw Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, among others, fall to their record lows -- was 72,200 acre-feet, 594 surface elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's an update to the update: The Department of Water Resources conducted its \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/news/newsreleases/2015/030315.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">third monthly snow survey\u003c/a> of the season earlier Tuesday. The measurement, taken in a meadow near Echo Summit on U.S. 50 high above Lake Tahoe, confirmed what the state's network of electronic monitoring stations has been reporting on a daily basis: the Sierra snowpack remains shockingly thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the survey location itself, near Phillips Station, the water content of the snow is just 5 percent of its historical March 3 average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DWR said its network of 103 stations has a composite average of 19 percent of the snow-water content typical for this time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department notes that the only year in which snow was as scant as it is now was 1991. Then, the state's water supply was saved by a \"Miracle March\" deluge that built up the snowpack and also dramatically increased the tiny volume of water stored in Lake McClure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To play forecast-watcher for a moment, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center's \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/610day/fxus06.html\" target=\"_blank\">six-to-10-day outlook\u003c/a> is showing a relatively high chance of above-median precipitation for most of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When might we see rain instead of just a forecast of rain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area office in Monterey says models are pointing to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">the possibility of a wet storm\u003c/a> arriving around the middle of next week. Between now and then, a familiar word: dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Feb. 9, 2015:\u003c/strong> As expected, the big rains that have fallen in the northern half of California have boosted storage at the state's principal reservoirs. So now we're confronted with a glass half-full/half-empty proposition when we appraise how they're looking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: The federal Central Valley Project's \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, the state's biggest reservoir, which has risen to almost precisely 50 percent capacity as of Monday. About 9.5 inches of rain have fallen at Shasta Dam in the past week, typical of the heavy precipitation that's fallen in the 6,700-square-mile watershed that feeds the lake. That's dumped about 220,000 acre-feet of water into the reservoir since the first of the month and lifted it to 71 percent of normal for this time of year, up from 52 percent in mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Water Project's \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, California's second-biggest reservoir, has gotten much less rain recently -- about 3 inches at Oroville Dam since Thursday, with totals up to 10 inches in the 3,200-square-mile drainage basin. About 100,000 acre-feet have flowed into the reservoir since Feb. 1, raising it to 43 percent full and 64 percent of average for this time of year. That's up from 53 percent of normal in mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shasta is storing about one-third more water than it was at this time last year; Oroville has about one-sixth more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other reservoirs of note:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SNL&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">San Luis Reservoir\u003c/a>, the joint federal-state lake just west of Los Banos in the San Joaquin Valley -- a facility that's wholly dependent on water pumped down from the Delta -- is at 70 percent of average for early February and, thanks largely to our wet December, holds nearly double the water it did a year ago.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=CLE&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Trinity Lake\u003c/a>, the big federal reservoir northwest of Redding, has seen a spike in flows during the past week's rains. But it's still only at 41 percent of capacity and 58 percent of its average for early February. Trinity Lake was tapped last summer to provide higher flows on the Trinity and Klamath rivers to head off a massive die-off of migrating chinook salmon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reservoirs in the southern half of the state have not enjoyed even the partial recovery seen up north. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=EXC&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake McClure\u003c/a>, the major reservoir on the Merced River, is at just 6 percent of capacity. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=PNF&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Pine Flat Reservoir\u003c/a>, on the King's River, is at 14 percent of capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Jan. 20, 2015:\u003c/strong> Just over a month ago, we were watching rain gauges fill up and going to sleep at night with visions of our reservoirs rising again after a long, punishing drought. We'd had one of the rainiest Decembers in Bay Area history, with \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/calif/dec2014.htm\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco getting\u003c/a> 2½ times its normal rainfall for the year's final month; San Jose's total was three times normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainfall around the state's two biggest reservoirs -- \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?SHA&d=20-Jan-2015+16:32&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, on the Sacramento River north of Redding, and \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?ORO&d=20-Jan-2015+16:37&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, on the Feather River just upstream from its namesake city -- was just as copious as it was here on the coast. Shasta Dam got 23.5 inches of rain and Oroville got just over 13 inches, the highest December totals in decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total volume of water stored in those two reservoirs jumped about 60 percent in just 31 days -- about 1.3 million acre-feet, or roughly enough water for the entire Bay Area for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time we saw real rain here in the Bay Area was Christmas Eve, when a front blew through the Bay Area and gave us a short, intense burst of precipitation. Since then, \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2853\" target=\"_blank\">meteorologists say\u003c/a>, we've seen the re-emergence of atmospheric conditions similar to those that kept us dry the last couple of winters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do the reservoirs look now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Data Exchange Center, the go-to resource for state water data, publishes a \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily summary of reservoir conditions\u003c/a>, and that snapshot shows a collection of key state reservoirs at 61 percent of normal for this time of year. That's better than things looked a month ago, and that's good news. The bad news, naturally, is that the torrents that were pouring into the Northern California reservoirs a month ago have slowed to a relative trickle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Continuing to scrape for something that looks positive, we'll note that Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville are holding more water than they did a year ago at this time -- about 18 percent more in Shasta's case, about 12 percent for Oroville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far to the south of the big northern lakes, San Luis Reservoir, a facility that's crucial to San Joaquin Valley farmers and to Southern California water districts, has about 60 percent more water than it did at this time last year. But it's still only half full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One other dire fact to mention in this update: The Sierra snowpack is about one-third of normal. Here's the California Weather Blog's \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2853\">synopsis\u003c/a> of the reasons for the snow drought:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>December’s very heavy coastal rainfall did not translate to nearly as much mountain snowfall as might have been expected in a typical year, and mid-January snow water equivalent is tracking at near record-low levels once again–and is in fact on a very similar trajectory to both 1976-1977 and 2013-2014. The extremely minimal Sierra snowpack this year is the combined result of both regionally below-average precipitation to date across eastern California and well-above average (record-breaking) temperatures. Much of the moisture from December’s extremely wet “atmospheric river” event fell near the coast, and never made it all the way inland to parts of the state that are critically important for snowpack storage. Both daytime and nighttime temperatures have been well-above average in the Sierra for several consecutive winters (in some cases, elevations as high as 10,000 feet have been experiencing mean temperatures above freezing in mid-winter!), and has caused precipitation in this typically snowy region to fall primarily as rain. 2014 has officially gone down in the record books as California’s warmest year in recorded history (by a very wide margin), and one of the most visible manifestations of that record warmth is apparent in California’s extremely low snowpack.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (Dec. 15, 2014):\u003c/strong> It's raining again, and if you believe weather forecasters and the computer models on which they rely, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">we're in for wet weather\u003c/a> for most of this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That comes on top of an outlandish volume of water that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/12/09/our-next-storm-very-windy-and-very-wet\" target=\"_blank\">fell across the state \u003c/a>last week, variously computed as between \u003ca href=\"http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/will-the-barrage-of-storms-end/38770784\" target=\"_blank\">17 million and 100 million gallons per square mile\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-10-trillion-gallons-drench-california-20141212-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">10 trillion gallons statewide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's great news in our parched state, for sure. By now you know, though, that there always has to be a \"but,\" or in this case, several.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but remember how it quit raining after a beautiful wet December two years ago? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but the Sierra snowpack is still unseasonably thin. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but the state's reservoirs are still way below normal. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the biggest \"but\" of all: \u003cem>That's great news, but when will we know for sure the drought's over? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That final question is tough to answer, and the truth is that unless something surprising (though not unprecedented) happens, we'll be able to say whether the drought is really over only months and months from now. So I'm going to exercise my privilege as executive blogger and stick to what we can say objectively now, based on the mountain of daily statistics from the state Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to the snow, the DWR California Data Exchange Center publishes \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">a daily summary\u003c/a> of water content for the Sierra Nevada snowpack. It's an important number because the state relies heavily on runoff from the Sierra snows to help fill reservoirs. (How much water is stored in the snowpack? About 15 million acre-feet in an \"average\" year, according to past DWR calculations. An acre-foot is about 326,000 gallons, and one rule of thumb says that's about enough to supply two average California households for a year.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the snowpack so far this year? As of Monday, it's 41 percent of normal for the date. That's not great. If you're looking for a silver lining to that meager-sounding number, here it is: We're still early in the season, and historically most of the snowpack is built during January and February. So there's still lots of time to catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can say the same about reservoir levels. Right now, storage at the big artificial lakes the state uses to manage its water supply is running far behind normal. A \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily state report\u003c/a> on conditions at major reservoirs says they're at about 55 percent of the average for mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture is about the same when you drill down to Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, the state's two biggest reservoirs. Shasta, a federal facility, and Oroville, the main storehouse for the State Water Project, have a combined capacity of 8 million acre-feet and are used to direct water to farms throughout the Central Valley and to cities from the Bay Area all the way down to San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a> was at 53 percent of average for this time of year and \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta\u003c/a> was at 52 percent. Both lakes are less than one-third of capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it's good news that water has been pounding into those big reservoirs, which together have added more than 500,000 acre-feet since Dec. 3, with each rising about 30 feet. Still, Shasta Lake is just a few feet higher today than it was in late August, when the picture above was taken. And that's proof enough that -- the beauty, relief and occasional havoc the recent rains have brought notwithstanding -- our long dry spell isn't quite behind us.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, April 14, 2015:\u003c/strong> This is our final update of a post that started out in December asking how fast the state's big reservoirs were filling up, as \"an outlandish volume\" of water poured down on California. Through the subsequent dry months -- in some locales, January through March this year marked the driest winter since record keeping began in the 19th century -- the question \"so how do those reservoirs look\" has taken on a much different cast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don't look good. At least one of the state's 10 biggest reservoirs -- the mammoth New Melones Lake, on the Stanislaus River -- may be emptied entirely before next fall's hoped-for rains. New Melones, which is backed up by a dam of the same name operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, supplies water for farmers and cities in the northeastern San Joaquin Valley; some of the water is also used to maintain flows on the Stanislaus for threatened chinook salmon and steelhead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation at New Melones is not unique. Although December's heavy rains and a handful of big storms since then did bolster supplies at the state's biggest artificial lakes, Shasta and Oroville, their levels remain far below normal -- 72 percent and 61 percent respectively. With the state's mountain ranges virtually bare of snow, there's no prospect for spring runoff that would add to those lakes' supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, none of the above really rates as news, and all of us will be living with the consequences in the months to come, and perhaps far longer. To follow our coverage of the drought, please check out our ongoing updates at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED's Drought Watch 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 24, 2015:\u003c/strong> So, we started this season's water-watching in December with an eye to what early winter storms were doing to replenish the state's critically low water reservoirs. We all know what's happened since:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wet December followed by one of the driest Januaries on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, a couple of nice shots of rain in Northern California, with scant precipitation farther south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then March. It's not one of California's Big Three months for precipitation. But in 1991, an occasion that water-watchers recall with increasing wistfulness, March produced such a bounty of rain and snow that it's still known as a \u003ca href=\"http://snowbrains.com/miracle-march-1991-march-saved-tahoe/\" target=\"_blank\">miracle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week before the end of the month, it's clear \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2995\" target=\"_blank\">we'll witness no miracle\u003c/a> this time. What we're seeing instead is nothing short of shocking. The April 1 snowpack, to be officially reported next week, will be the lowest on record. And \"lowest on record\" doesn't quite convey how extreme the situation really is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the \"snow-water equivalent\" in the thin blanket of white covering California's mountains stood at a shade under 25 percent of its historic average. That beat the record, a hair over 25 percent, set during the severe drought season of 1976-77.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this year's snowpack?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The network of electronic sensors sending in reports from highland locations from the Trinity Alps down to the southern Sierra is showing that statewide, \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">the snowpack is at \u003cem>9 percent\u003c/em> of average\u003c/a> -- not even half of where it was last year, when it was at its record low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the standard California water lecture is to talk about our \"frozen reservoir\" in the mountains -- a reference to the fact that anywhere between a third and a half of the water we use each year falls as snow, melts gradually as the weather warms, then comes tumbling down to our valleys as clear, cold water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, that's not happening this year. Regardless of what the statistical summaries say about our reservoirs -- our big Northern California lakes are still in good shape relative to last year, though \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">far below average\u003c/a> for the date -- the near-total absence of snow means California, its 38 million people and its giant farm economy are headed into unknown territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unknown, except that it will be very dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/snowapp/sweq.action\" width=\"100%\" height=\"1000\" align=\"alignleft\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 3, 2015:\u003c/strong> As others have written -- notably Paul Rogers, managing editor of KQED's Science unit and environmental writer for the San Jose Mercury News -- one of the strong patterns that has \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_27494057/california-drought-divide-emerging-northern-california-getting-much\" target=\"_blank\">emerged this winter\u003c/a> is an atypical divide between how much precipitation Northern California has gotten this \"wet\" season and how much is falling south of the latitude of, say, San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to be clear, climatic records show that Northern California gets more rain than Southern California, period. But this winter, many locations in Northern California are at -- or even a little above -- their seasonal average for precipitation, thanks mostly to a very wet December, while to the south, many locations are lagging far behind seasonal precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, San Jose has gotten 11.74 inches of rain since Oct. 1, which is 104 percent of \"normal.\" Fresno, in the San Joaquin Valley, has gotten 4.58 inches, or 58 percent of normal. (Here's a short list of these and other stations \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/awipsProducts/RNOWRKCLI.php\" target=\"_blank\">from the California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result of this general pattern is that there's been a healthy increase in storage at big reservoirs in Northern California. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, the state's biggest reservoir, is at 78 percent of average for this date (though it's just 58 percent full). \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, the second-biggest storage facility, is at 70 percent of average and 49 percent full. Both are running far ahead of storage levels at this time last year. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=FOL&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Folsom Lake\u003c/a> is actually above average, at 103 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to the south, the bigger reservoirs are mostly in abysmal shape. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=NML&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">New Melones\u003c/a>, on the Stanislaus River and the state's fourth-biggest storage facility, is 25 percent full and 48 percent of average. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=NML&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Don Pedro\u003c/a>, the No. 5 reservoir, is 43 percent full and 60 percent of normal. (See the Department of Water Resources' \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily summary of major reservoirs\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the state's 10 biggest reservoirs, none is in as bad shape as \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=EXC&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake McClure\u003c/a>, on the Merced River downstream from Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month ago, Feb. 3, Lake McClure fell to its lowest level since it was filled in the 1960s. Per statistics from the state Department of Water Resources, its volume shrank to 63,489 acre-feet (remember, capacity is 1 million) and its surface was at 585.99 feet above sea level. That broke a record set during the six-year drought of 1986-1992, when the lake fell to 66,228 acre-feet, 588.48 surface elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lake McClure nadir during the terrible drought of 1976-77 -- the drought that saw Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, among others, fall to their record lows -- was 72,200 acre-feet, 594 surface elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's an update to the update: The Department of Water Resources conducted its \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/news/newsreleases/2015/030315.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">third monthly snow survey\u003c/a> of the season earlier Tuesday. The measurement, taken in a meadow near Echo Summit on U.S. 50 high above Lake Tahoe, confirmed what the state's network of electronic monitoring stations has been reporting on a daily basis: the Sierra snowpack remains shockingly thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the survey location itself, near Phillips Station, the water content of the snow is just 5 percent of its historical March 3 average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DWR said its network of 103 stations has a composite average of 19 percent of the snow-water content typical for this time of year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department notes that the only year in which snow was as scant as it is now was 1991. Then, the state's water supply was saved by a \"Miracle March\" deluge that built up the snowpack and also dramatically increased the tiny volume of water stored in Lake McClure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To play forecast-watcher for a moment, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center's \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/610day/fxus06.html\" target=\"_blank\">six-to-10-day outlook\u003c/a> is showing a relatively high chance of above-median precipitation for most of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When might we see rain instead of just a forecast of rain?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area office in Monterey says models are pointing to \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">the possibility of a wet storm\u003c/a> arriving around the middle of next week. Between now and then, a familiar word: dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Feb. 9, 2015:\u003c/strong> As expected, the big rains that have fallen in the northern half of California have boosted storage at the state's principal reservoirs. So now we're confronted with a glass half-full/half-empty proposition when we appraise how they're looking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: The federal Central Valley Project's \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, the state's biggest reservoir, which has risen to almost precisely 50 percent capacity as of Monday. About 9.5 inches of rain have fallen at Shasta Dam in the past week, typical of the heavy precipitation that's fallen in the 6,700-square-mile watershed that feeds the lake. That's dumped about 220,000 acre-feet of water into the reservoir since the first of the month and lifted it to 71 percent of normal for this time of year, up from 52 percent in mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Water Project's \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, California's second-biggest reservoir, has gotten much less rain recently -- about 3 inches at Oroville Dam since Thursday, with totals up to 10 inches in the 3,200-square-mile drainage basin. About 100,000 acre-feet have flowed into the reservoir since Feb. 1, raising it to 43 percent full and 64 percent of average for this time of year. That's up from 53 percent of normal in mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shasta is storing about one-third more water than it was at this time last year; Oroville has about one-sixth more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other reservoirs of note:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SNL&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">San Luis Reservoir\u003c/a>, the joint federal-state lake just west of Los Banos in the San Joaquin Valley -- a facility that's wholly dependent on water pumped down from the Delta -- is at 70 percent of average for early February and, thanks largely to our wet December, holds nearly double the water it did a year ago.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=CLE&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Trinity Lake\u003c/a>, the big federal reservoir northwest of Redding, has seen a spike in flows during the past week's rains. But it's still only at 41 percent of capacity and 58 percent of its average for early February. Trinity Lake was tapped last summer to provide higher flows on the Trinity and Klamath rivers to head off a massive die-off of migrating chinook salmon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reservoirs in the southern half of the state have not enjoyed even the partial recovery seen up north. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=EXC&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake McClure\u003c/a>, the major reservoir on the Merced River, is at just 6 percent of capacity. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=PNF&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Pine Flat Reservoir\u003c/a>, on the King's River, is at 14 percent of capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Jan. 20, 2015:\u003c/strong> Just over a month ago, we were watching rain gauges fill up and going to sleep at night with visions of our reservoirs rising again after a long, punishing drought. We'd had one of the rainiest Decembers in Bay Area history, with \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/calif/dec2014.htm\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco getting\u003c/a> 2½ times its normal rainfall for the year's final month; San Jose's total was three times normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainfall around the state's two biggest reservoirs -- \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?SHA&d=20-Jan-2015+16:32&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta Lake\u003c/a>, on the Sacramento River north of Redding, and \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?ORO&d=20-Jan-2015+16:37&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a>, on the Feather River just upstream from its namesake city -- was just as copious as it was here on the coast. Shasta Dam got 23.5 inches of rain and Oroville got just over 13 inches, the highest December totals in decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total volume of water stored in those two reservoirs jumped about 60 percent in just 31 days -- about 1.3 million acre-feet, or roughly enough water for the entire Bay Area for a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time we saw real rain here in the Bay Area was Christmas Eve, when a front blew through the Bay Area and gave us a short, intense burst of precipitation. Since then, \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2853\" target=\"_blank\">meteorologists say\u003c/a>, we've seen the re-emergence of atmospheric conditions similar to those that kept us dry the last couple of winters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do the reservoirs look now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Data Exchange Center, the go-to resource for state water data, publishes a \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily summary of reservoir conditions\u003c/a>, and that snapshot shows a collection of key state reservoirs at 61 percent of normal for this time of year. That's better than things looked a month ago, and that's good news. The bad news, naturally, is that the torrents that were pouring into the Northern California reservoirs a month ago have slowed to a relative trickle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Continuing to scrape for something that looks positive, we'll note that Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville are holding more water than they did a year ago at this time -- about 18 percent more in Shasta's case, about 12 percent for Oroville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Far to the south of the big northern lakes, San Luis Reservoir, a facility that's crucial to San Joaquin Valley farmers and to Southern California water districts, has about 60 percent more water than it did at this time last year. But it's still only half full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One other dire fact to mention in this update: The Sierra snowpack is about one-third of normal. Here's the California Weather Blog's \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/2853\">synopsis\u003c/a> of the reasons for the snow drought:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>December’s very heavy coastal rainfall did not translate to nearly as much mountain snowfall as might have been expected in a typical year, and mid-January snow water equivalent is tracking at near record-low levels once again–and is in fact on a very similar trajectory to both 1976-1977 and 2013-2014. The extremely minimal Sierra snowpack this year is the combined result of both regionally below-average precipitation to date across eastern California and well-above average (record-breaking) temperatures. Much of the moisture from December’s extremely wet “atmospheric river” event fell near the coast, and never made it all the way inland to parts of the state that are critically important for snowpack storage. Both daytime and nighttime temperatures have been well-above average in the Sierra for several consecutive winters (in some cases, elevations as high as 10,000 feet have been experiencing mean temperatures above freezing in mid-winter!), and has caused precipitation in this typically snowy region to fall primarily as rain. 2014 has officially gone down in the record books as California’s warmest year in recorded history (by a very wide margin), and one of the most visible manifestations of that record warmth is apparent in California’s extremely low snowpack.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post (Dec. 15, 2014):\u003c/strong> It's raining again, and if you believe weather forecasters and the computer models on which they rely, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">we're in for wet weather\u003c/a> for most of this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That comes on top of an outlandish volume of water that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/12/09/our-next-storm-very-windy-and-very-wet\" target=\"_blank\">fell across the state \u003c/a>last week, variously computed as between \u003ca href=\"http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/will-the-barrage-of-storms-end/38770784\" target=\"_blank\">17 million and 100 million gallons per square mile\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-10-trillion-gallons-drench-california-20141212-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">10 trillion gallons statewide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's great news in our parched state, for sure. By now you know, though, that there always has to be a \"but,\" or in this case, several.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but remember how it quit raining after a beautiful wet December two years ago? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but the Sierra snowpack is still unseasonably thin. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>That's great news, but the state's reservoirs are still way below normal. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the biggest \"but\" of all: \u003cem>That's great news, but when will we know for sure the drought's over? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That final question is tough to answer, and the truth is that unless something surprising (though not unprecedented) happens, we'll be able to say whether the drought is really over only months and months from now. So I'm going to exercise my privilege as executive blogger and stick to what we can say objectively now, based on the mountain of daily statistics from the state Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to the snow, the DWR California Data Exchange Center publishes \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/snow/DLYSWEQ\" target=\"_blank\">a daily summary\u003c/a> of water content for the Sierra Nevada snowpack. It's an important number because the state relies heavily on runoff from the Sierra snows to help fill reservoirs. (How much water is stored in the snowpack? About 15 million acre-feet in an \"average\" year, according to past DWR calculations. An acre-foot is about 326,000 gallons, and one rule of thumb says that's about enough to supply two average California households for a year.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the snowpack so far this year? As of Monday, it's 41 percent of normal for the date. That's not great. If you're looking for a silver lining to that meager-sounding number, here it is: We're still early in the season, and historically most of the snowpack is built during January and February. So there's still lots of time to catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can say the same about reservoir levels. Right now, storage at the big artificial lakes the state uses to manage its water supply is running far behind normal. A \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">daily state report\u003c/a> on conditions at major reservoirs says they're at about 55 percent of the average for mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture is about the same when you drill down to Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, the state's two biggest reservoirs. Shasta, a federal facility, and Oroville, the main storehouse for the State Water Project, have a combined capacity of 8 million acre-feet and are used to direct water to farms throughout the Central Valley and to cities from the Bay Area all the way down to San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=ORO&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Lake Oroville\u003c/a> was at 53 percent of average for this time of year and \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/queryDaily?s=SHA&d=&span=1month\" target=\"_blank\">Shasta\u003c/a> was at 52 percent. Both lakes are less than one-third of capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it's good news that water has been pounding into those big reservoirs, which together have added more than 500,000 acre-feet since Dec. 3, with each rising about 30 feet. Still, Shasta Lake is just a few feet higher today than it was in late August, when the picture above was taken. And that's proof enough that -- the beauty, relief and occasional havoc the recent rains have brought notwithstanding -- our long dry spell isn't quite behind us.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Behold This Compost!' Revisiting How We Deal With Our Earthly Remains",
"title": "'Behold This Compost!' Revisiting How We Deal With Our Earthly Remains",
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"content": "\u003cp>The New York Times, in its Science section Tuesday, takes up \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/14/science/a-project-to-turn-corpses-into-compost.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">a question\u003c/a> that touches on the ultimate fate of us all: When we die, what do we want done with these used-up bodies of ours?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We all know the standard choices in mainstream U.S. culture: cemetery burial and cremation. A few choose other means, such as donating their no-longer-needed corporeal self to research. I know one person who has done that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other traditions out there, of course. For instance, some Native American tribes have practiced scaffold or tree burials, placing corpses on raised platforms in the open air. Sky burials are practiced \u003ca href=\"http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/sky-burial\" target=\"_blank\">among Tibetan Buddhists\u003c/a> and India's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/09/05/160401322/vanishing-vultures-a-grave-matter-for-indias-parsis\" target=\"_blank\">Zoroastrian community\u003c/a>. I've often thought that when my time comes, that might not be a bad means of disposal (family members who have heard me say that are not fans of the idea.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Times turns its attention to a different style of disposal -- composting -- one that the poet Walt Whitman rhapsodized over in his poem, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/compost\" target=\"_blank\">This Compost\u003c/a>\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Behold this compost! behold it well!\u003cbr>\nPerhaps every mite has once form’d part of a sick person — yet behold!\u003cbr>\nThe grass of spring covers the prairies,\u003cbr>\nThe bean bursts noiselessly through the mould in the garden,\u003cbr>\nThe delicate spear of the onion pierces upward,\u003cbr>\nThe apple-buds cluster together on the apple-branches,\u003cbr>\nThe resurrection of the wheat appears with pale visage out of its graves,\u003cbr>\nThe tinge awakes over the willow-tree and the mulberry-tree ...\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times story focuses on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.urbandeathproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Death Project\u003c/a>, an effort to develop a practical (and ceremonial) way to compost human bodies. Here's how creator Katrina Spade, a Seattle architect, says it would work:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Ms. Spade has designed a building for human composting that aims to marry the efficiency of this biological process with the ritual and symbolism that mourners crave. Each Urban Death facility would be centered around a three-story vault that she calls “the core.” Loved ones would carry their deceased, wrapped in a shroud, up a circular ramp to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, during a “laying in” ceremony, mourners would place the body inside the core, which could hold perhaps 30 corpses at a time. Over the next several weeks, each body would move down the core until the first stage of composting was complete. In a second stage, material would be screened, along with any remaining bones, and the compost would be cured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Spade estimates that each body, combined with the necessary materials such as wood chips and sawdust, would yield enough compost to fill a cube three feet by three feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks or months later, survivors could collect some of the compost to use as they saw fit, perhaps in their garden or to plant a tree. Ms. Spade foresees the rest going to nearby parks or conservation lands. Each human composting would cost about $2,500, a fraction of the price of conventional burial, Ms. Spade estimates.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>I think Walt Whitman would observe and approve. He gets \u003ca href=\"http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174745\" target=\"_blank\">the last word\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love,\u003cbr>\nIf you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will hardly know who I am or what I mean,\u003cbr>\nBut I shall be good health to you nevertheless,\u003cbr>\nAnd filter and fibre your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged,\u003cbr>\nMissing me one place search another,\u003cbr>\nI stop somewhere waiting for you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Project would create facilities to dispose of human remains in a natural -- and reusable -- fashion. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The New York Times, in its Science section Tuesday, takes up \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/14/science/a-project-to-turn-corpses-into-compost.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">a question\u003c/a> that touches on the ultimate fate of us all: When we die, what do we want done with these used-up bodies of ours?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We all know the standard choices in mainstream U.S. culture: cemetery burial and cremation. A few choose other means, such as donating their no-longer-needed corporeal self to research. I know one person who has done that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other traditions out there, of course. For instance, some Native American tribes have practiced scaffold or tree burials, placing corpses on raised platforms in the open air. Sky burials are practiced \u003ca href=\"http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/sky-burial\" target=\"_blank\">among Tibetan Buddhists\u003c/a> and India's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/09/05/160401322/vanishing-vultures-a-grave-matter-for-indias-parsis\" target=\"_blank\">Zoroastrian community\u003c/a>. I've often thought that when my time comes, that might not be a bad means of disposal (family members who have heard me say that are not fans of the idea.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Times turns its attention to a different style of disposal -- composting -- one that the poet Walt Whitman rhapsodized over in his poem, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/compost\" target=\"_blank\">This Compost\u003c/a>\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Behold this compost! behold it well!\u003cbr>\nPerhaps every mite has once form’d part of a sick person — yet behold!\u003cbr>\nThe grass of spring covers the prairies,\u003cbr>\nThe bean bursts noiselessly through the mould in the garden,\u003cbr>\nThe delicate spear of the onion pierces upward,\u003cbr>\nThe apple-buds cluster together on the apple-branches,\u003cbr>\nThe resurrection of the wheat appears with pale visage out of its graves,\u003cbr>\nThe tinge awakes over the willow-tree and the mulberry-tree ...\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times story focuses on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.urbandeathproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Death Project\u003c/a>, an effort to develop a practical (and ceremonial) way to compost human bodies. Here's how creator Katrina Spade, a Seattle architect, says it would work:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Ms. Spade has designed a building for human composting that aims to marry the efficiency of this biological process with the ritual and symbolism that mourners crave. Each Urban Death facility would be centered around a three-story vault that she calls “the core.” Loved ones would carry their deceased, wrapped in a shroud, up a circular ramp to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, during a “laying in” ceremony, mourners would place the body inside the core, which could hold perhaps 30 corpses at a time. Over the next several weeks, each body would move down the core until the first stage of composting was complete. In a second stage, material would be screened, along with any remaining bones, and the compost would be cured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Spade estimates that each body, combined with the necessary materials such as wood chips and sawdust, would yield enough compost to fill a cube three feet by three feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weeks or months later, survivors could collect some of the compost to use as they saw fit, perhaps in their garden or to plant a tree. Ms. Spade foresees the rest going to nearby parks or conservation lands. Each human composting would cost about $2,500, a fraction of the price of conventional burial, Ms. Spade estimates.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>I think Walt Whitman would observe and approve. He gets \u003ca href=\"http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174745\" target=\"_blank\">the last word\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love,\u003cbr>\nIf you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will hardly know who I am or what I mean,\u003cbr>\nBut I shall be good health to you nevertheless,\u003cbr>\nAnd filter and fibre your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged,\u003cbr>\nMissing me one place search another,\u003cbr>\nI stop somewhere waiting for you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Satellite Imagery, Photos Bring Home Magnitude of California Drought",
"title": "Satellite Imagery, Photos Bring Home Magnitude of California Drought",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Last November, to illustrate the severity of the drought, we published these \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/14/drought-photos-see-lake-oroville-fall-near-historic-low-over-20-months\" target=\"_blank\">photos of Lake Oroville\u003c/a> over a 20-month period. (The lake was \"sort of a drought poster child,\" wrote Lisa Pickoff-White.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same vein, here are three satellite images from NASA of the Lake Tahoe region, from February 2011 to February 2014, showing the diminishing amount of snow. The images come from the agency's site \u003ca href=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/state_of_flux#Qori-Kalis-930px-80-v2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Images of Change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10488797 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"Images taken by the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus onboard Landsat 7 and the Operational Land Imager onboard Landsat 8. \" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-1440x900.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-1180x738.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-768x480.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-320x200.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things have only worsened since then. Check out this \u003ca href=\"http://i.imwx.com/web/news/ca-snowpack-15vs14-650.gif\" target=\"_blank\">gif of the Sierra snowpack\u003c/a> comparing satellite images from April 2014 with March 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, courtesy of NASA again, here's Yosemite's shrinking Lyell Glacier:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10488802\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"U.S National Parks Service\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-1440x900.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-1180x738.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-768x480.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-320x200.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From NASA:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Lyell Glacier, larger of the two glaciers in Yosemite National Park and second largest in the Sierra Nevada mountains, has thinned noticeably even in just the last few years. Newly exposed bedrock is visible on the east (left) side of the 2014 image. The glacier is currently estimated to be 15 to 20 feet thick, losing about three feet of thickness each year.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some more stark images from our drought collection:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488921\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10488921\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Bear tracks in the mud at Shasta Lake. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bear tracks in the mud at Shasta Lake. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488930 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-800x1093.jpg\" alt=\"Before And After: Statewide Drought Takes Toll On California's Lake Oroville Water Level\" width=\"800\" height=\"1093\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-800x1093.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-400x546.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-1440x1967.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-1180x1612.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-768x1049.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-320x437.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OROVILLE, CA - JULY 20: In this before-and-after composite image, (Top) The Enterprise Bridge passes over full water levels at a section of Lake Oroville on July 20, 2011, in Oroville, California. (Photo by Paul Hames/California Department of Water Resources via Getty Images) OROVILLE, CA - AUGUST 19: (Bottom) The Enterprise Bridge passes over a section of Lake Oroville that is nearly dry on Aug. 19, 2014, in Oroville, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488925\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488925 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-800x537.jpg\" alt=\" A car sits in dried and cracked earth of what was the bottom of the Almaden Reservoir on January 28, 2014 in San Jose, California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-800x537.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-400x269.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-1440x967.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-1180x793.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-768x516.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-320x215.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A car sits in dried and cracked earth of what was the bottom of the Almaden Reservoir on Jan. 28, 2014, in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488928 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Drought5\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Russian River, near Badger Park in Healdsburg, on Feb. 1, 2014. Low flows have created isolated pools, stranding some fish and forcing officials to close many rivers to fishing.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More drought photos:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Dramatic-California-drought-before-and-after-5756861.php\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.buzzfeed.com/alexnaidus/california-drought-images\">Buzzfeed before and after\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/california-drought-drains-lakes/14/\" target=\"_blank\">CBS News\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/California-SoCal-Weather-Forecast-Rain-Storms-Drought-Water-Dry-246934731.html#\">NBC Los Angeles\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/infospigot/with/16826363699/\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr page of KQED News Fix editor/blogger Dan Brekke\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last November, to illustrate the severity of the drought, we published these \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/14/drought-photos-see-lake-oroville-fall-near-historic-low-over-20-months\" target=\"_blank\">photos of Lake Oroville\u003c/a> over a 20-month period. (The lake was \"sort of a drought poster child,\" wrote Lisa Pickoff-White.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that same vein, here are three satellite images from NASA of the Lake Tahoe region, from February 2011 to February 2014, showing the diminishing amount of snow. The images come from the agency's site \u003ca href=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/state_of_flux#Qori-Kalis-930px-80-v2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Images of Change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10488797 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"Images taken by the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus onboard Landsat 7 and the Operational Land Imager onboard Landsat 8. \" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-1440x900.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-1180x738.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-768x480.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200-320x200.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought_California_1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things have only worsened since then. Check out this \u003ca href=\"http://i.imwx.com/web/news/ca-snowpack-15vs14-650.gif\" target=\"_blank\">gif of the Sierra snowpack\u003c/a> comparing satellite images from April 2014 with March 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, courtesy of NASA again, here's Yosemite's shrinking Lyell Glacier:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10488802\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"U.S National Parks Service\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-800x500.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-1440x900.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-1180x738.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-768x480.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200-320x200.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Lyell_Glacier_1920x1200.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From NASA:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Lyell Glacier, larger of the two glaciers in Yosemite National Park and second largest in the Sierra Nevada mountains, has thinned noticeably even in just the last few years. Newly exposed bedrock is visible on the east (left) side of the 2014 image. The glacier is currently estimated to be 15 to 20 feet thick, losing about three feet of thickness each year.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some more stark images from our drought collection:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488921\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10488921\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Bear tracks in the mud at Shasta Lake. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bear tracks in the mud at Shasta Lake. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488930 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-800x1093.jpg\" alt=\"Before And After: Statewide Drought Takes Toll On California's Lake Oroville Water Level\" width=\"800\" height=\"1093\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-800x1093.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-400x546.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-1440x1967.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-1180x1612.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-768x1049.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought6-320x437.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OROVILLE, CA - JULY 20: In this before-and-after composite image, (Top) The Enterprise Bridge passes over full water levels at a section of Lake Oroville on July 20, 2011, in Oroville, California. (Photo by Paul Hames/California Department of Water Resources via Getty Images) OROVILLE, CA - AUGUST 19: (Bottom) The Enterprise Bridge passes over a section of Lake Oroville that is nearly dry on Aug. 19, 2014, in Oroville, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488925\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488925 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-800x537.jpg\" alt=\" A car sits in dried and cracked earth of what was the bottom of the Almaden Reservoir on January 28, 2014 in San Jose, California.\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-800x537.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-400x269.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-1440x967.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-1180x793.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-768x516.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/drought3-320x215.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A car sits in dried and cracked earth of what was the bottom of the Almaden Reservoir on Jan. 28, 2014, in San Jose, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10488928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10488928 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Drought5\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/Drought5-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Russian River, near Badger Park in Healdsburg, on Feb. 1, 2014. Low flows have created isolated pools, stranding some fish and forcing officials to close many rivers to fishing.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More drought photos:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Dramatic-California-drought-before-and-after-5756861.php\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.buzzfeed.com/alexnaidus/california-drought-images\">Buzzfeed before and after\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/california-drought-drains-lakes/14/\" target=\"_blank\">CBS News\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/California-SoCal-Weather-Forecast-Rain-Storms-Drought-Water-Dry-246934731.html#\">NBC Los Angeles\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/infospigot/with/16826363699/\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr page of KQED News Fix editor/blogger Dan Brekke\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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