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"content": "\u003cp>In California, there is so much solar energy that grid operators have to switch off solar farms. One solution to dealing with the additional power generated is to share the renewable wealth across state borders -- but in the West, it's sparking some not-so-neighborly opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nancy Traweek's job is to balance California's electrical grid at the California Independent System Operator, keeping the lights on for 30 million people. She relies on huge natural gas power plants that put out a steady stream of electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately, Traweek's job has gotten harder because of solar and wind power. If clouds come in, solar power drops off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That needs to come from somewhere else immediately,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Traweek has to keep the natural gas plants going in the background in case that happens. But running solar, gas and wind together is a problem because on certain days they make more power than California needs. Traweek will have to tell solar farms to shut off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, we really gotta start cutting as much as we possibly can,\" she says. \"If that's not done, then you could have a blackout.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One solution to avoid that situation is for California to join up with other Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, California's grid runs mostly on its own, like an island. But if there was one big Western grid where states could share power, it would be easier for California to \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201510090900\">hit its goal of 50 percent renewable energy\u003c/a> by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you can operate it as an integrated whole, you can just operate the system more efficiently,\" says Keith Casey, who also works at the California grid operator. \"It's a win-win.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California has too much solar power, Western states would buy it instead of having to switch off those solar farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>TOO MUCH RENEWABLE POWER\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb> On March 27, a sunny day, some solar farms had to shut down because there was more power on the grid than Californians were using. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_611449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1730px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-611449\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_-Grid_Desktop.png\" alt=\"SOURCE: California ISO. \" width=\"1730\" height=\"1000\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: California ISO. \u003ccite>(Teodros Hailye/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_611442\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 750px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-611442 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Grid_Mobile.png\" alt=\"SOURCE: California ISO\" width=\"750\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: California ISO\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Different Commitments May Hamper Partnership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marriage of electric grids would start with PacifiCorp, a utility in Oregon, Utah and Wyoming, where negotiations are already underway. But PacifiCorp isn't a partner everyone wants to get in bed with — because much of their electricity is generated by coal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a big problem for California,\" says Travis Ritchie, staff attorney with the Sierra Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says coal doesn't fit into California's ambitious climate change agenda, a plan some Western states actively oppose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Will California actually lose the ability to lead on climate issues if it gives up its power to Utah and Wyoming?\" Ritchie says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those states feel the same way about California -- for the opposite reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wyoming's Public Service Commissioner Bill Russell is one of the regulators who would need to bless a Pacificorp-California marriage. As it's currently proposed, he's not inclined to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10982728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10982728\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Power lines next to the Laramie River Station coal-fired power plant in Wheatland, Wyo. It's one of a dozen coal-fired power plants in the state.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Power lines next to the Laramie River Station coal-fired power plant in Wheatland, Wyoming. It's one of a dozen coal-fired power plants in the state. \u003ccite>(Leigh Paterson/Inside Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"California policies, whether you like them or not, are going to be exported throughout the entire West, and all of us in the West are going to be importing California policies,\" Russell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policies like California's commitment to renewable energy are not shared by Wyoming, the nation's largest coal-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California isn't the only one who might benefit from sharing electricity between Western states. An \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificorp.com/about/newsroom/2015nrl/western-grid-integration.html\">initial study by Pacificorp\u003c/a> estimated its customers would save $2 billion over 20 years, which is why Russell isn't dismissing the idea outright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't say it's dead yet,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sharing Energy Across States Is Not A New Idea\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regional grids like the one proposed to share all kinds of power already thrive in the Midwest, New England and in the mid-Atlantic. But Western states have resisted similar arrangements in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Politics, at the end of the day, are going to be the biggest obstacle,\" says Cindy Crane, CEO of Rocky Mountain Power, the Pacificorp subsidiary in Wyoming, Idaho and Utah. She worked on some of the previous efforts to integrate the Western grid. She says she is hopeful this time will be different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it has a better shot, but there are some pretty big threshold issues to get through,\" Crane says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If those issues can't be overcome, California will have to find a way to store all the extra renewable energy from wind and solar, which is difficult and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the West may soon find that it can't afford not to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/author/laurensommer/\">Lauren Sommer\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> and \u003cstrong>Stephanie Joyce\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In California, there is so much solar energy that grid operators have to switch off solar farms. One solution to dealing with the additional power generated is to share the renewable wealth across state borders -- but in the West, it's sparking some not-so-neighborly opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nancy Traweek's job is to balance California's electrical grid at the California Independent System Operator, keeping the lights on for 30 million people. She relies on huge natural gas power plants that put out a steady stream of electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately, Traweek's job has gotten harder because of solar and wind power. If clouds come in, solar power drops off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That needs to come from somewhere else immediately,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Traweek has to keep the natural gas plants going in the background in case that happens. But running solar, gas and wind together is a problem because on certain days they make more power than California needs. Traweek will have to tell solar farms to shut off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, we really gotta start cutting as much as we possibly can,\" she says. \"If that's not done, then you could have a blackout.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One solution to avoid that situation is for California to join up with other Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, California's grid runs mostly on its own, like an island. But if there was one big Western grid where states could share power, it would be easier for California to \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201510090900\">hit its goal of 50 percent renewable energy\u003c/a> by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you can operate it as an integrated whole, you can just operate the system more efficiently,\" says Keith Casey, who also works at the California grid operator. \"It's a win-win.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California has too much solar power, Western states would buy it instead of having to switch off those solar farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>TOO MUCH RENEWABLE POWER\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb> On March 27, a sunny day, some solar farms had to shut down because there was more power on the grid than Californians were using. \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_611449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1730px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-611449\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_-Grid_Desktop.png\" alt=\"SOURCE: California ISO. \" width=\"1730\" height=\"1000\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: California ISO. \u003ccite>(Teodros Hailye/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_611442\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 750px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-611442 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/04/Solar_Grid_Mobile.png\" alt=\"SOURCE: California ISO\" width=\"750\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: California ISO\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Different Commitments May Hamper Partnership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marriage of electric grids would start with PacifiCorp, a utility in Oregon, Utah and Wyoming, where negotiations are already underway. But PacifiCorp isn't a partner everyone wants to get in bed with — because much of their electricity is generated by coal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a big problem for California,\" says Travis Ritchie, staff attorney with the Sierra Club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says coal doesn't fit into California's ambitious climate change agenda, a plan some Western states actively oppose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Will California actually lose the ability to lead on climate issues if it gives up its power to Utah and Wyoming?\" Ritchie says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those states feel the same way about California -- for the opposite reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wyoming's Public Service Commissioner Bill Russell is one of the regulators who would need to bless a Pacificorp-California marriage. As it's currently proposed, he's not inclined to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10982728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10982728\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Power lines next to the Laramie River Station coal-fired power plant in Wheatland, Wyo. It's one of a dozen coal-fired power plants in the state.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/powerlines-29e600589875f91b80ab93a84e0a6102fa2fcf87-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Power lines next to the Laramie River Station coal-fired power plant in Wheatland, Wyoming. It's one of a dozen coal-fired power plants in the state. \u003ccite>(Leigh Paterson/Inside Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"California policies, whether you like them or not, are going to be exported throughout the entire West, and all of us in the West are going to be importing California policies,\" Russell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policies like California's commitment to renewable energy are not shared by Wyoming, the nation's largest coal-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California isn't the only one who might benefit from sharing electricity between Western states. An \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificorp.com/about/newsroom/2015nrl/western-grid-integration.html\">initial study by Pacificorp\u003c/a> estimated its customers would save $2 billion over 20 years, which is why Russell isn't dismissing the idea outright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't say it's dead yet,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sharing Energy Across States Is Not A New Idea\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regional grids like the one proposed to share all kinds of power already thrive in the Midwest, New England and in the mid-Atlantic. But Western states have resisted similar arrangements in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Politics, at the end of the day, are going to be the biggest obstacle,\" says Cindy Crane, CEO of Rocky Mountain Power, the Pacificorp subsidiary in Wyoming, Idaho and Utah. She worked on some of the previous efforts to integrate the Western grid. She says she is hopeful this time will be different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it has a better shot, but there are some pretty big threshold issues to get through,\" Crane says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If those issues can't be overcome, California will have to find a way to store all the extra renewable energy from wind and solar, which is difficult and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the West may soon find that it can't afford not to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Endangered Mexican Wolves Debut at SF Zoo",
"headTitle": "Endangered Mexican Wolves Debut at SF Zoo | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>If you ride the Muni Taraval line all the way to its end at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach, you might hear a lone wolf’s howl over the crashing surf. You wouldn’t be tripping—it could be one of three Mexican wolves now living at the city’s zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trio is settling into new digs at “Wolf Canyon,” which opened to the public today. And the wolves aren’t just for show—they’re key to the conservation of their wild brethren, as part the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/cap_manage.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mexican Wolf Species Survival Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pack is part of a captive breeding program to contribute to the genetic diversity—and therefore the survival—of wolf populations that have been reintroduced to their historical ranges in the southwestern U.S. and central Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of talk about animal reintroduction into the wild, but it’s not as common as the layperson thinks,” says David Bocian, Vice President of Animal Care at the San Francisco Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758657\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Mexican wolf is released into the mountains in eastern Arizona as part of the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2.jpg 1866w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Mexican wolf is released into the mountains in eastern Arizona as part of the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan. \u003ccite>(USFWS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Genetic diversity is a major challenge to such programs, continues Bocian. The more narrow the gene pool, the more vulnerable the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they aren’t adaptable to adjust to those curve balls that nature throws at them,” he says, “they’re not going to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wild West vs. Wild Wolves\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican wolves are the smallest, southern-most subspecies of gray wolf in North America and were almost obliterated by the early 1970s. As the Wild West morphed into ranchland in the mid-1900s, the numbers of elk, deer and other prey plummeted, forcing the wolves to turn to domesticated livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. and Mexico retaliated with a campaign that nearly wiped out the entire species. When the Mexican wolf was listed as endangered in 1976, the two countries made a plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To get a hold of as many wolves in the wild as we can before they go extinct on us,” says Peter Siminski, director of conservation for \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingdesert.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Desert\u003c/a> and coordinator for the Mexican Wolf Species Survival Plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758659\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758659\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"The new wolves at the SF Zoo are part of a captive breeding program, started in the mid-1970s when the wild population was nearly obliterated.\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-800x640.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-400x320.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-768x614.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The new wolves at the SF Zoo are part of a captive breeding program, started in the mid-1970s when the wild population of Mexican wolves had been nearly obliterated. \u003ccite>(Marianne Hale/SF Zoo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The recovery team frantically caught five individuals—the only wolves they could find—and began a captive breeding program to repopulate the dry mountain ranges of eastern Arizona, western New Mexico and central Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, the first pack of 11 wolves ran into their designated habitat and began to establish territories for their families. Today, there are around 100 individuals in the wild and more than 240 in captive breeding facilities in the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the wolves currently in the wild came from ancestors that were bred in captivity,” Siminski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SF Wolves Donate to Gamete Bank\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic diversity gets lost over generations, especially in populations descended from so few individuals, says Bocian of the SF Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re never going to increase it unless we stumble upon some wild animals, and that’s not likely,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758658\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758658\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"Three Mexican Wolf brothers explore their new enclosure at the SF Zoo. The exhibit uses technology to limit their interaction with humans.\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-400x200.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-1180x590.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-960x480.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three Mexican wolf brothers explore their new enclosure at the SF Zoo. The exhibit uses technology to feed the canines and limit their interaction with humans. \u003ccite>(Marianne Hale/SF Zoo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) partner with Mexico in the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan to track captive wolves carefully to prevent relatives from mating with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The partners may move male and females around to different zoos to breed. And the three new studs at the SF Zoo will contribute to the gene pool in yet another way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter, scientists from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlzoo.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Louis Zoo\u003c/a> will fly out to San Francisco to collect sperm from wolves here to bring back to the Mexican wolf gamete bank—a kind of emergency diversity fund. The gene bank also holds eggs from female wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can broaden out the genetic variation if you have a gene bank you can pull from,” says Jason Watters, SF Zoo’s VP of Wellness and Animal Behavior. “You can say, ‘OK, this guy’s line hasn’t been in the population for a few generations. Let’s infuse him back in.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758660\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"A captive Mexican wolf at The Living Desert. There are over 240 captive wolves in facilities in the U.S. and Mexico.\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-800x571.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-400x286.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-768x548.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1440x1028.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1920x1371.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1180x843.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-960x686.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A captive Mexican wolf at \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingdesert.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Desert\u003c/a>. There are more than 240 wolves in facilities in the U.S. and Mexico. \u003ccite>(Bert Buxaum/The Living Desert)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A High-Tech Exhibit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservation story of the Mexican wolves is similar to the story of the California condor. Condor handlers wore costumes so the birds would stay wary of humans, and would have a better chance of surviving in the wild. The SF Zoo has a similar goal for the wolves, but is taking a more “Silicon Valley” approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watters collaborated with Silicon Valley-based \u003ca href=\"http://crowdoptic.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crowd Optic\u003c/a> to rig the wolf exhibit with gadgets to minimize the amount of interaction the animals have with zookeepers. By “turning on” the enclosure with various forms of technology such as automatic feeders, the exhibit itself—rather than the human handlers—will manage the wolves behavior, Watters says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get to observe the wolves, but limiting direct human contact helps retain the animals’ wild nature, making the habitat appropriate for wolves who could be released back into the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The zoo’s three new wolves are probably too old to be released. At age 10, they are practically geriatric. Thanks to the gamete bank, though, the wolves could father pups for decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The new wolf exhibit opens today. It's part of a captive breeding program to rebuild Mexican wolf populations.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you ride the Muni Taraval line all the way to its end at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach, you might hear a lone wolf’s howl over the crashing surf. You wouldn’t be tripping—it could be one of three Mexican wolves now living at the city’s zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trio is settling into new digs at “Wolf Canyon,” which opened to the public today. And the wolves aren’t just for show—they’re key to the conservation of their wild brethren, as part the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/cap_manage.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mexican Wolf Species Survival Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pack is part of a captive breeding program to contribute to the genetic diversity—and therefore the survival—of wolf populations that have been reintroduced to their historical ranges in the southwestern U.S. and central Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of talk about animal reintroduction into the wild, but it’s not as common as the layperson thinks,” says David Bocian, Vice President of Animal Care at the San Francisco Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758657\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Mexican wolf is released into the mountains in eastern Arizona as part of the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/USFWS-Wolf-release-2.jpg 1866w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Mexican wolf is released into the mountains in eastern Arizona as part of the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan. \u003ccite>(USFWS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Genetic diversity is a major challenge to such programs, continues Bocian. The more narrow the gene pool, the more vulnerable the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they aren’t adaptable to adjust to those curve balls that nature throws at them,” he says, “they’re not going to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wild West vs. Wild Wolves\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican wolves are the smallest, southern-most subspecies of gray wolf in North America and were almost obliterated by the early 1970s. As the Wild West morphed into ranchland in the mid-1900s, the numbers of elk, deer and other prey plummeted, forcing the wolves to turn to domesticated livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. and Mexico retaliated with a campaign that nearly wiped out the entire species. When the Mexican wolf was listed as endangered in 1976, the two countries made a plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To get a hold of as many wolves in the wild as we can before they go extinct on us,” says Peter Siminski, director of conservation for \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingdesert.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Desert\u003c/a> and coordinator for the Mexican Wolf Species Survival Plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758659\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758659\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-800x640.jpg\" alt=\"The new wolves at the SF Zoo are part of a captive breeding program, started in the mid-1970s when the wild population was nearly obliterated.\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-800x640.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-400x320.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL-768x614.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/IMG_5638edited1WolvesSI2-XL.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The new wolves at the SF Zoo are part of a captive breeding program, started in the mid-1970s when the wild population of Mexican wolves had been nearly obliterated. \u003ccite>(Marianne Hale/SF Zoo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The recovery team frantically caught five individuals—the only wolves they could find—and began a captive breeding program to repopulate the dry mountain ranges of eastern Arizona, western New Mexico and central Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, the first pack of 11 wolves ran into their designated habitat and began to establish territories for their families. Today, there are around 100 individuals in the wild and more than 240 in captive breeding facilities in the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the wolves currently in the wild came from ancestors that were bred in captivity,” Siminski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SF Wolves Donate to Gamete Bank\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic diversity gets lost over generations, especially in populations descended from so few individuals, says Bocian of the SF Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re never going to increase it unless we stumble upon some wild animals, and that’s not likely,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758658\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758658\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"Three Mexican Wolf brothers explore their new enclosure at the SF Zoo. The exhibit uses technology to limit their interaction with humans.\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-400x200.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-1180x590.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo-960x480.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Wolf-Brothers_SF-Zoo.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three Mexican wolf brothers explore their new enclosure at the SF Zoo. The exhibit uses technology to feed the canines and limit their interaction with humans. \u003ccite>(Marianne Hale/SF Zoo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) partner with Mexico in the Mexican Wolf Species Protection Plan to track captive wolves carefully to prevent relatives from mating with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The partners may move male and females around to different zoos to breed. And the three new studs at the SF Zoo will contribute to the gene pool in yet another way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter, scientists from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlzoo.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">St. Louis Zoo\u003c/a> will fly out to San Francisco to collect sperm from wolves here to bring back to the Mexican wolf gamete bank—a kind of emergency diversity fund. The gene bank also holds eggs from female wolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can broaden out the genetic variation if you have a gene bank you can pull from,” says Jason Watters, SF Zoo’s VP of Wellness and Animal Behavior. “You can say, ‘OK, this guy’s line hasn’t been in the population for a few generations. Let’s infuse him back in.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_758660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-758660\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"A captive Mexican wolf at The Living Desert. There are over 240 captive wolves in facilities in the U.S. and Mexico.\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-800x571.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-400x286.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-768x548.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1440x1028.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1920x1371.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-1180x843.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/Bert-Buxbaum-The-Living-Desert-no1-2015-2-960x686.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A captive Mexican wolf at \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingdesert.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Desert\u003c/a>. There are more than 240 wolves in facilities in the U.S. and Mexico. \u003ccite>(Bert Buxaum/The Living Desert)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A High-Tech Exhibit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservation story of the Mexican wolves is similar to the story of the California condor. Condor handlers wore costumes so the birds would stay wary of humans, and would have a better chance of surviving in the wild. The SF Zoo has a similar goal for the wolves, but is taking a more “Silicon Valley” approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watters collaborated with Silicon Valley-based \u003ca href=\"http://crowdoptic.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crowd Optic\u003c/a> to rig the wolf exhibit with gadgets to minimize the amount of interaction the animals have with zookeepers. By “turning on” the enclosure with various forms of technology such as automatic feeders, the exhibit itself—rather than the human handlers—will manage the wolves behavior, Watters says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get to observe the wolves, but limiting direct human contact helps retain the animals’ wild nature, making the habitat appropriate for wolves who could be released back into the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The zoo’s three new wolves are probably too old to be released. At age 10, they are practically geriatric. Thanks to the gamete bank, though, the wolves could father pups for decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>FRESNO — Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying sprawling farmland that could be used to help build twin tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, a court ruled Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento granted a temporary restraining order the day before escrow was set to close on Metropolitan Water District's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/13/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta\" target=\"_blank\">$175 million deal for 20,000 acres\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling delays the district's purchase by no more than a few weeks, Metropolitan attorney Catherine Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe it's a substantive decision,\" she said, adding that the court probably needs more time to review hundreds of pages of documents filed in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10981692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10981692\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg\" alt=\"Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \" width=\"800\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-400x227.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-1180x671.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-960x546.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Metropolitan Water District)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan will ultimately be cleared to buy the land at the hub of California's water system east of San Francisco and more than 300 miles north of Los Angeles, Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin and Contra Costa counties \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/17/opponents-sue-to-block-l-a-water-districts-purchase-of-delta-islands-2\" target=\"_blank\">filed suit against Metropolitan\u003c/a>, a major backer of Gov. Jerry Brown's plan to build the tunnels to send water south. The counties, which oppose the tunnels, contend that Metropolitan failed to study how the deal may harm the fragile delta before buying the land from a Swiss investment group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"HeCngGj42Bt9Cuujm2laEpVLGWIqYZKH\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan officials say the lawsuit is premature because it has not formally decided how it will use the land. The district says it may use it to store earth from the tunnel project or for habitat restoration to ensure a reliable supply of delta water to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $15.7 billion tunnels plan awaits regulatory approval before work can begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Tuesday, the State Water Resources Control Board dropped a historic $1.4 million fine against the Byron-Bethany Irrigation District, accused of illegally taking river water at the height of drought last summer. The board found that its enforcement officers could not prove their case against Byron-Bethany and a second district, West Side Irrigation, which was ordered to stop taking water but not fined.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>FRESNO — Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying sprawling farmland that could be used to help build twin tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, a court ruled Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento granted a temporary restraining order the day before escrow was set to close on Metropolitan Water District's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/13/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta\" target=\"_blank\">$175 million deal for 20,000 acres\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling delays the district's purchase by no more than a few weeks, Metropolitan attorney Catherine Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe it's a substantive decision,\" she said, adding that the court probably needs more time to review hundreds of pages of documents filed in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10981692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10981692\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg\" alt=\"Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \" width=\"800\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-400x227.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-1180x671.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-960x546.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Metropolitan Water District)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan will ultimately be cleared to buy the land at the hub of California's water system east of San Francisco and more than 300 miles north of Los Angeles, Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin and Contra Costa counties \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/17/opponents-sue-to-block-l-a-water-districts-purchase-of-delta-islands-2\" target=\"_blank\">filed suit against Metropolitan\u003c/a>, a major backer of Gov. Jerry Brown's plan to build the tunnels to send water south. The counties, which oppose the tunnels, contend that Metropolitan failed to study how the deal may harm the fragile delta before buying the land from a Swiss investment group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan officials say the lawsuit is premature because it has not formally decided how it will use the land. The district says it may use it to store earth from the tunnel project or for habitat restoration to ensure a reliable supply of delta water to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $15.7 billion tunnels plan awaits regulatory approval before work can begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Tuesday, the State Water Resources Control Board dropped a historic $1.4 million fine against the Byron-Bethany Irrigation District, accused of illegally taking river water at the height of drought last summer. The board found that its enforcement officers could not prove their case against Byron-Bethany and a second district, West Side Irrigation, which was ordered to stop taking water but not fined.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Beekeepers Feel The Sting Of Stolen Hives",
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"content": "\u003cp>Between December and March, beekeepers send millions of hives to California to pollinate almond trees. Not all of the hives make it back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The number of beehive thefts is increasing,\" explains Jay Freeman, a detective with the Butte County Sheriff's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, 1,734 hives were stolen during peak almond pollination season in 2016. In Butte County alone, the number of stolen hives jumped from 200 in 2015 to 400 this year, according to Freeman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"90ykU6u00hwQwtksxa9svPP0mQMH6DU9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Qualls, a California bee broker who arranges contracts between beekeepers and almond growers, isn't surprised that beehive thefts are on the rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes more than 2 million beehives to pollinate California almonds. Currently, beekeepers are paid $200 per hive for pollination services (compared with $130 per hive in 2010).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To complicate matters, bee brokers who arrange contracts between beekeepers and almond growers are discovering that there are not enough beehives to go around, driving up demand, rental costs — and thefts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the expertise required to steal hives, the general consensus is that beekeepers are behind the heists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Beekeepers have the knowledge and equipment to go in and take the hives and the market to profit from them,\" Qualls says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thieves targeting hives to rent during pollination season are not making off with one or two hives. In Butte County, several large-scale hive thefts occurred this year, with reports ranging from 64 to 200 hives swiped at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Almond orchards are in rural areas with acres of trees, few homesteads and almost no surveillance,\" says Qualls, president and CEO of Pollination Connection. \"It's hard to monitor the hives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most hives are unmarked, making it impossible to identify hives that might be stolen. Beekeepers who do brand each of their hives with the names and numbers of their apiaries often fall victim to creative thieves who remove the frames (the guts of the hive that are covered with bees and laden with honey) and put them in new, unmarked hive bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thieves are going after easily accessible hives and unmarked hives,\" says Freeman. \"Someone who knows how to handle them can move 200 hives in a matter of minutes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because stolen hives are hard to detect, it's difficult for law enforcement to catch and prosecute thieves and return hives to beekeepers. When thieves are caught, the penalties are harsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a beekeeper stood trial for the theft of 64 hives that he pilfered from Butte County and rented to an almond grower (through a bee broker) in a neighboring county. At the trial for the February crime, he was convicted of grand theft of an animal — a felony in California — and sentenced to 90 days in county jail and three years' probation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurance policies are cost prohibitive, according to Freeman, and few beekeepers are reimbursed for their losses. To combat bee theft, some beekeepers are putting GPS units in their hives. And some growers are hiring guards to patrol almond orchards overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the growers, this is their entire livelihood,\" Qualls says. \"If someone steals their bees, it hurts their crops.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just large-scale apiaries and California almond growers feeling the sting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, 184 hives valued at CA$200,000 were stolen in Quebec. Three hives were pinched from the garden at a dental office in Greenville, S.C., in February. And thieves made off with two hives from a clover field in Des Moines, Iowa, in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Iowa theft was caught on a surveillance camera. The thieves pulled up in a pickup truck and loaded up the hives. None of the beehives, which belonged to the Iowa Honey Co., were branded, according to its owner, Rob Taylor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor, a beekeeper and member of the U.S. House of Representatives, lost the honey and equipment and spent more than $500 on replacements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If someone steals the hives, they have no upfront costs,\" he says. \"Any honey they pull off at the end of the season is pure profit; they are short-cutting the system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff who took the report said he'd never heard of a beehive theft before. When news of the stolen hives hit the local media, three more Iowa beekeepers came forward with similar reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor hopes the surveillance footage will help local law enforcement catch the thieves and recover the stolen hives. In the meantime, he's branded the 17 additional hives he maintains in locations throughout Des Moines and installed GPS tracking systems in each one in case his hives are targeted again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Who would have thought in the 21st century we'd have to worry about bee rustlers?\" he ponders.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jodi Helmer is a North Carolina journalist and beekeeper who frequently writes about food and farming.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Beekeepers+Feel+The+Sting+Of+Stolen+Hives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Between December and March, beekeepers send millions of hives to California to pollinate almond trees. Not all of the hives make it back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The number of beehive thefts is increasing,\" explains Jay Freeman, a detective with the Butte County Sheriff's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, 1,734 hives were stolen during peak almond pollination season in 2016. In Butte County alone, the number of stolen hives jumped from 200 in 2015 to 400 this year, according to Freeman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Qualls, a California bee broker who arranges contracts between beekeepers and almond growers, isn't surprised that beehive thefts are on the rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes more than 2 million beehives to pollinate California almonds. Currently, beekeepers are paid $200 per hive for pollination services (compared with $130 per hive in 2010).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To complicate matters, bee brokers who arrange contracts between beekeepers and almond growers are discovering that there are not enough beehives to go around, driving up demand, rental costs — and thefts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the expertise required to steal hives, the general consensus is that beekeepers are behind the heists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Beekeepers have the knowledge and equipment to go in and take the hives and the market to profit from them,\" Qualls says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thieves targeting hives to rent during pollination season are not making off with one or two hives. In Butte County, several large-scale hive thefts occurred this year, with reports ranging from 64 to 200 hives swiped at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Almond orchards are in rural areas with acres of trees, few homesteads and almost no surveillance,\" says Qualls, president and CEO of Pollination Connection. \"It's hard to monitor the hives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most hives are unmarked, making it impossible to identify hives that might be stolen. Beekeepers who do brand each of their hives with the names and numbers of their apiaries often fall victim to creative thieves who remove the frames (the guts of the hive that are covered with bees and laden with honey) and put them in new, unmarked hive bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thieves are going after easily accessible hives and unmarked hives,\" says Freeman. \"Someone who knows how to handle them can move 200 hives in a matter of minutes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because stolen hives are hard to detect, it's difficult for law enforcement to catch and prosecute thieves and return hives to beekeepers. When thieves are caught, the penalties are harsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a beekeeper stood trial for the theft of 64 hives that he pilfered from Butte County and rented to an almond grower (through a bee broker) in a neighboring county. At the trial for the February crime, he was convicted of grand theft of an animal — a felony in California — and sentenced to 90 days in county jail and three years' probation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurance policies are cost prohibitive, according to Freeman, and few beekeepers are reimbursed for their losses. To combat bee theft, some beekeepers are putting GPS units in their hives. And some growers are hiring guards to patrol almond orchards overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the growers, this is their entire livelihood,\" Qualls says. \"If someone steals their bees, it hurts their crops.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just large-scale apiaries and California almond growers feeling the sting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, 184 hives valued at CA$200,000 were stolen in Quebec. Three hives were pinched from the garden at a dental office in Greenville, S.C., in February. And thieves made off with two hives from a clover field in Des Moines, Iowa, in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Iowa theft was caught on a surveillance camera. The thieves pulled up in a pickup truck and loaded up the hives. None of the beehives, which belonged to the Iowa Honey Co., were branded, according to its owner, Rob Taylor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor, a beekeeper and member of the U.S. House of Representatives, lost the honey and equipment and spent more than $500 on replacements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If someone steals the hives, they have no upfront costs,\" he says. \"Any honey they pull off at the end of the season is pure profit; they are short-cutting the system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff who took the report said he'd never heard of a beehive theft before. When news of the stolen hives hit the local media, three more Iowa beekeepers came forward with similar reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor hopes the surveillance footage will help local law enforcement catch the thieves and recover the stolen hives. In the meantime, he's branded the 17 additional hives he maintains in locations throughout Des Moines and installed GPS tracking systems in each one in case his hives are targeted again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Who would have thought in the 21st century we'd have to worry about bee rustlers?\" he ponders.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jodi Helmer is a North Carolina journalist and beekeeper who frequently writes about food and farming.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Beekeepers+Feel+The+Sting+Of+Stolen+Hives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AGCaptain/status/739524888029892608\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 700 firefighters, including some from the East Bay, are in the third day of a battle to contain a blaze burning in the mountains west of the Salinas Valley. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4761/\" target=\"_blank\">Coleman Fire\u003c/a>, which broke out about 10 miles southwest of King City on Saturday afternoon, has burned about 3,200 acres -- 5 square miles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal and state fire officials say the fire is about 10 percent contained. Conditions are difficult and typical of most summertime wildland fires in California: Crews are contending with a grass- and chaparral-fed fire moving through steep terrain and occasionally driven by high winds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 120 structures are reported threatened by the blaze. Among the forces deployed for structure defense were several crews from the Alameda County Fire Department, which were dispatched Saturday night. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to ground crews, fire managers have called in fixed-wing air tankers, including a DC-10 jumbo jet, to try to limit the fire's spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The estimated date of full containment: June 18. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"disqusTitle": "For Young Muslim Men, Yosemite Retreat Strengthens Sense of Identity",
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"content": "\u003cp>There’s the Merced River running in the background and bird songs here or there. But the most compelling sound in Yosemite’s Lower Pines campground is the voice of 20-year-old Sohaib Awan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s singing the Muslim call to prayer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Awan is one of about 500 young Muslims here for the 48th Ahmadiyya Muslim Youth Retreat. It’s the first time it’s ever been held on the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of five major aspects of Islam calls for five daily prayers -- and this week, campers are laying out their prayer mats on top of pine needles, facing Mecca under towering granite cliffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camp encourages brotherhood, and explores what it means to be a Muslim man in America. There are lots of discussions about faith and morality, and there’s even a Quran recitation contest. But there’s also plenty of time for fun: hiking, biking, even rafting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/267439153\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariq Malik, 34, won this year’s Quran recitation contest. Now, he’s on to other spiritual quests, like a steep 15-mile trek up Yosemite’s popular Mist Trail and beyond. Malik thought he had broken in his new boots before this morning’s grueling effort, but maybe not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting blisters on my feet,” he says pointing to his boots. “But every time I get that, I go to the stream and put my feet in there. It cools it off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every turn of the hike is stunning, he says, and the waterfalls are incredible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I get to see one of the beautiful places on the planet earth,” Malik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bilal Rana is the president of the \u003ca href=\"http://muslimyouth.org/\">youth association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of like Boy Scouts of America for Muslim youth,” says Rana. “Muslims get a strong sense of identity through this youth group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, youth is defined pretty liberally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The youth association includes adults like me,\" he says, \"so that the youth can lead the youth a little bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cut-off age is 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10977182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"Tariq Malik (L) enjoys the splendors of Yosemite with Hamid Malik. When Tariq travels for work, he often wears a sign in airports reading, 'I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!'\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10977182\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-800x549.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-400x275.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-1180x810.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-960x659.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tariq Malik (L) enjoys the splendors of Yosemite with Hamid Malik. When Tariq travels for work, he often wears a sign in airports reading, 'I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!' \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"With so many city kids from around the country, it’s good to just teach them some basic skills,” says Harris Zafar, the national spokesperson for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alislam.org/\">Ahmadiyya Muslim Community\u003c/a>. “How do you identify a regular leaf from poison ivy? How do you start of a fire on your own?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmadiyya Muslims are persecuted in many countries because they believe the Messiah has already come. It’s why Zaryab Farooq’s family left Pakistan and came to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farooq is now a student at UC Davis. This is his first time in Yosemite. He sits on a picnic bench at the lower pines campground, the sunlight streaming through a grove of trees nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he’s never “lived” in nature before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like that easy!” says Farooq as he smiles broadly. He adds it takes some patience to live without basic necessities: no cell signals, no wifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it’s pretty cold. We have to wake up in the mornings for prayers at 3:45,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sohaib Awan says being a Muslim-American is no different from any other ethnic or religious identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10977179\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-800x1073.jpg\" alt=\"Sohaib Awan\" width=\"800\" height=\"1073\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10977179\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-800x1073.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-400x536.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-1180x1582.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-960x1287.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sohaib Awan \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’s like being Caucasian-American, it’s like being Chinese-American; there should be no eyebrows raised,” he says. “We are part of the fabric, we are an integral part of this society and we love to be. I almost don’t see a distinction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these days, after events like the San Bernadino shooting, \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/12/muslims-fear-prejudice-in-wake-of-anti-islamic-sentiment\" target=\"_blank\">advocates are raising alarm\u003c/a> about increasing \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/11/coachella-valley-islamic-center-possibly-firebombed-mosques-leader-says\" target=\"_blank\">anti-Islamic\u003c/a> prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retreats like this one give the Muslim youth a stronger sense of their identity, says Rana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are serious conversations about speaking out against ISIS and other extremist groups, says Zafar. In this political climate, you can’t just be a college student or an accountant who happens to be a Muslim. You have to speak up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t condemn each and every act of violence committed by lunatics and nut-jobs around the world who call themselves Muslims, if we don’t condemn them, then somehow we are tacitly accepting,” he says. “And that’s a very unique experience for Muslims that I don’t see really happening with others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmadiyya Muslims stress non-violence and an acceptance of other religions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our bread and butter is a confrontation of radical ideology,” says Harris. “It’s just part of the DNA of our community. Anything that’s an irrational ideology or irrational thought is what we speak out against.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muslims have a religious duty to maintain Islam, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe Jihad is something we wage with a pen, not with a sword,\" he says. \"That’s the term that the Messiah used, Jihad by the pen. We engage in a rational dialogue in order to rigorously defend Islam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tariq Malik, who travels a lot for work, speaking up means wearing a sign when he’s at airports. The sign says “I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says there have been times when his efforts have been very productive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People approached me and they were actually asking questions,” says Malik. “They were very excited there was this Muslim guy out there reaching people.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/267439153&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/267439153'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariq Malik, 34, won this year’s Quran recitation contest. Now, he’s on to other spiritual quests, like a steep 15-mile trek up Yosemite’s popular Mist Trail and beyond. Malik thought he had broken in his new boots before this morning’s grueling effort, but maybe not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting blisters on my feet,” he says pointing to his boots. “But every time I get that, I go to the stream and put my feet in there. It cools it off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every turn of the hike is stunning, he says, and the waterfalls are incredible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I get to see one of the beautiful places on the planet earth,” Malik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bilal Rana is the president of the \u003ca href=\"http://muslimyouth.org/\">youth association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of like Boy Scouts of America for Muslim youth,” says Rana. “Muslims get a strong sense of identity through this youth group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, youth is defined pretty liberally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The youth association includes adults like me,\" he says, \"so that the youth can lead the youth a little bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cut-off age is 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10977182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"Tariq Malik (L) enjoys the splendors of Yosemite with Hamid Malik. When Tariq travels for work, he often wears a sign in airports reading, 'I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!'\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10977182\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-800x549.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-400x275.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-1180x810.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Tariq-960x659.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tariq Malik (L) enjoys the splendors of Yosemite with Hamid Malik. When Tariq travels for work, he often wears a sign in airports reading, 'I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!' \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"With so many city kids from around the country, it’s good to just teach them some basic skills,” says Harris Zafar, the national spokesperson for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alislam.org/\">Ahmadiyya Muslim Community\u003c/a>. “How do you identify a regular leaf from poison ivy? How do you start of a fire on your own?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmadiyya Muslims are persecuted in many countries because they believe the Messiah has already come. It’s why Zaryab Farooq’s family left Pakistan and came to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farooq is now a student at UC Davis. This is his first time in Yosemite. He sits on a picnic bench at the lower pines campground, the sunlight streaming through a grove of trees nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he’s never “lived” in nature before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like that easy!” says Farooq as he smiles broadly. He adds it takes some patience to live without basic necessities: no cell signals, no wifi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it’s pretty cold. We have to wake up in the mornings for prayers at 3:45,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sohaib Awan says being a Muslim-American is no different from any other ethnic or religious identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10977179\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-800x1073.jpg\" alt=\"Sohaib Awan\" width=\"800\" height=\"1073\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10977179\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-800x1073.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-400x536.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-1180x1582.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Sohaib-960x1287.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sohaib Awan \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’s like being Caucasian-American, it’s like being Chinese-American; there should be no eyebrows raised,” he says. “We are part of the fabric, we are an integral part of this society and we love to be. I almost don’t see a distinction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these days, after events like the San Bernadino shooting, \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/12/muslims-fear-prejudice-in-wake-of-anti-islamic-sentiment\" target=\"_blank\">advocates are raising alarm\u003c/a> about increasing \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/11/coachella-valley-islamic-center-possibly-firebombed-mosques-leader-says\" target=\"_blank\">anti-Islamic\u003c/a> prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retreats like this one give the Muslim youth a stronger sense of their identity, says Rana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are serious conversations about speaking out against ISIS and other extremist groups, says Zafar. In this political climate, you can’t just be a college student or an accountant who happens to be a Muslim. You have to speak up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t condemn each and every act of violence committed by lunatics and nut-jobs around the world who call themselves Muslims, if we don’t condemn them, then somehow we are tacitly accepting,” he says. “And that’s a very unique experience for Muslims that I don’t see really happening with others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmadiyya Muslims stress non-violence and an acceptance of other religions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our bread and butter is a confrontation of radical ideology,” says Harris. “It’s just part of the DNA of our community. Anything that’s an irrational ideology or irrational thought is what we speak out against.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muslims have a religious duty to maintain Islam, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe Jihad is something we wage with a pen, not with a sword,\" he says. \"That’s the term that the Messiah used, Jihad by the pen. We engage in a rational dialogue in order to rigorously defend Islam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Tariq Malik, who travels a lot for work, speaking up means wearing a sign when he’s at airports. The sign says “I’m a Muslim, ask me anything!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says there have been times when his efforts have been very productive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People approached me and they were actually asking questions,” says Malik. “They were very excited there was this Muslim guy out there reaching people.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Meet the Naturalist Who Sang Like an (Actual) Bird",
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"content": "\u003cp>Charles Kellogg is remembered as a naturalist, a man who spent his life fighting to protect California’s forests in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. But Kellogg’s first claim has to do with his throat, not his activism. It was said that the man came into this world with the vocal chords of a bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969649\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10969649\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg travelled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California.\" width=\"421\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-400x586.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-960x1406.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles.jpeg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg traveled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg was born in Susanville, a small town on the eastern edge of California. It was 1868 and old-growth trees around him were being logged to build towns and cities across the state. Kellogg would later tour the country to raise awareness about the destruction of these beautiful trees. First though, he toured vaudeville stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the late 19th century, whistling bird songs was a big thing. Performers would imitate birds, or whistle bird songs to music. Kellogg claimed that he had a singular gift as a performer. Unlike others, Kellogg said he did not whistle with his lips, but made the songs with his throat, just like a bird. He opened his mouth and presto! Out came the mellifluous chirpings and songs of our ornithological friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now most of us humans have larynges. Kellogg, on the other hand, said he possessed the larynx of a bird, a “syrinx.” Needless to say, your friends at The World According to Sound find this anatomical claim dubious. But back in the day it was a big hit. Kellogg traveled around the world singing his canti d’uccelli in vaudeville shows. The Western world couldn’t get enough of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellogg rose to pop star fame on account of his bird throat, but he is remembered for his conservationism. Always a lover of trees, Kellogg was particularly enamored of that majestic northern Californian evergreen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conifers.org/cu/Sequoia.php\">sequoia sempervirens\u003c/a>, the giant redwood. The love ran so deep he built an RV out of the trunk of a fallen redwood. In it he traveled across the country -- four times! -- trumpeting the virtues of the sequoia to Americans totally ignorant of the giant tree. This must have taken forever, too. His RV topped out at 18 mph. Good Lord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10969651\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-400x356.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-1180x1050.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-960x854.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg’s so-called Travel Log is a thing of beauty, and arguably the first modern-day mobile home in America. Add that to Kellogg’s quirky list of accomplishments. You can check out Kellogg’s old RV in person at \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtredwoods.org/\">Humboldt Redwoods State Park\u003c/a>. As for this sound, we have it thanks to the Library of Congress, which preserves this bird music along with countless other audio wonders in its extensive sound collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes from our friends Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett at \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">The World According to Sound\u003c/a>. Check out their podcast for more unexpected and delightful audio treats.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Charles Kellogg is remembered as a naturalist, a man who spent his life fighting to protect California’s forests in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. But Kellogg’s first claim has to do with his throat, not his activism. It was said that the man came into this world with the vocal chords of a bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969649\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10969649\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg travelled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California.\" width=\"421\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-800x1171.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-400x586.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles-960x1406.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/the-tree-and-charles.jpeg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg traveled around the country telling people about the mighty trees of California. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg was born in Susanville, a small town on the eastern edge of California. It was 1868 and old-growth trees around him were being logged to build towns and cities across the state. Kellogg would later tour the country to raise awareness about the destruction of these beautiful trees. First though, he toured vaudeville stages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the late 19th century, whistling bird songs was a big thing. Performers would imitate birds, or whistle bird songs to music. Kellogg claimed that he had a singular gift as a performer. Unlike others, Kellogg said he did not whistle with his lips, but made the songs with his throat, just like a bird. He opened his mouth and presto! Out came the mellifluous chirpings and songs of our ornithological friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now most of us humans have larynges. Kellogg, on the other hand, said he possessed the larynx of a bird, a “syrinx.” Needless to say, your friends at The World According to Sound find this anatomical claim dubious. But back in the day it was a big hit. Kellogg traveled around the world singing his canti d’uccelli in vaudeville shows. The Western world couldn’t get enough of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellogg rose to pop star fame on account of his bird throat, but he is remembered for his conservationism. Always a lover of trees, Kellogg was particularly enamored of that majestic northern Californian evergreen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conifers.org/cu/Sequoia.php\">sequoia sempervirens\u003c/a>, the giant redwood. The love ran so deep he built an RV out of the trunk of a fallen redwood. In it he traveled across the country -- four times! -- trumpeting the virtues of the sequoia to Americans totally ignorant of the giant tree. This must have taken forever, too. His RV topped out at 18 mph. Good Lord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10969651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10969651\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree.\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-800x712.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-400x356.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-1180x1050.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log-960x854.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/finished-log.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Kellogg built a mobile home from the log of a fallen redwood tree. \u003ccite>(Humboldt Redwoods Interpretive Assocation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kellogg’s so-called Travel Log is a thing of beauty, and arguably the first modern-day mobile home in America. Add that to Kellogg’s quirky list of accomplishments. You can check out Kellogg’s old RV in person at \u003ca href=\"http://humboldtredwoods.org/\">Humboldt Redwoods State Park\u003c/a>. As for this sound, we have it thanks to the Library of Congress, which preserves this bird music along with countless other audio wonders in its extensive sound collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes from our friends Chris Hoff and Sam Harnett at \u003ca href=\"http://www.theworldaccordingtosound.org/\">The World According to Sound\u003c/a>. Check out their podcast for more unexpected and delightful audio treats.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oil Money Flows for Black and Latino Democrats",
"title": "Oil Money Flows for Black and Latino Democrats",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>It’s not often that interest groups call out public officials by their race, but as environmentalists evaluated state lawmakers’ voting records last year, that is just what they did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black and Latino Democrats “must do better” to buck the interests of the petroleum industry and help the communities they represent, the California Environmental Justice Alliance wrote in its \u003ca href=\"http://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CEJA_scorecard_2015.pdf\">scorecard\u003c/a>. “We cannot sit on the sidelines as communities of color are used as a wedge for the interests of industry lobbyists,” the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We cannot sit on the sidelines as communities of color are used as a wedge for the interests of industry lobbyists.'\u003ccite>California Environmental Justice Alliance\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The report followed a bruising fight that split Democrats over a proposal to slash vehicles’ petroleum use to slow global warming. Business-friendly Democrats -- many of them African-Americans and Latinos representing economically depressed regions -- sided with the oil industry against the plan, arguing it would hurt working-class Californians by raising the price of gas. They won; the provision was stripped from legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, oil companies are pouring millions of dollars into legislative contests across the state. And the Democrats they most visibly support are black and Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intersection of environmental and ethnic politics reflects a state dominated by Democrats in which 62 percent of the population is non-white. As the Republican Party -- the traditional industry ally -- has shrunk, many business interests have shifted political spending to buoy Democrats. In some contests, all the Democratic candidates are people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil’s support for black and Latino Democrats also reflects cultural and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/14/us/californias-economic-split-pits-west-against-east.html?_r=0\">economic divides.\u003c/a> The economy is booming in coastal areas, where more whites live, while stagnating in \u003ca href=\"http://www.dof.ca.gov/research/demographic/state_census_data_center/census_2010/documents/Map5_RaceHispDistribution_2010.jpg\">heavily Latino\u003c/a> regions inland. Though blacks and Latinos historically aligned with the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, the economic divide has created fertile ground for industry arguments about the financial burden of some environmental policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Big Oil has not been at the top of most Democrats’ friends lists,” said Roger Salazar, a Democratic political consultant. But energy businesses have “been very smart in looking at some of the internal play ... They’ve started to figure out that there is a difference between your coastal, liberal, more affluent Democrat and your inland, urban, less affluent Democrat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"7rDueRlzM1234HmrASAgBg6xcg7IhLSi\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every lawmaker fits the pattern. The Legislature’s Democratic leaders are both Latinos from urban Los Angeles with strong environmental records: Senate leader Kevin de Leon, who carried the bill on petroleum use, and Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, who led the California League of Conservation Voters before being elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the environmental movement \u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2014/05/white-men-run-big-environmental-organizations\">remains largely white\u003c/a>, creating an opening for the oil industry to court ethnic communities, said Marce Gutierrez, who heads an ocean conservation group called Azul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a historical failure of the environmental movement to engage meaningfully with Latinos and people of color, you open it up for that sort of thing to happen,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoping to bolster the Legislature’s caucus of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/rise-of-the-business-democrat/\">moderate Democrats\u003c/a>, businesses are pouring millions into advertising campaigns that are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/money-talks-candidates-listen/\">not controlled by candidates\u003c/a>. Some political committees combine oil money with funds from other interests to support an array of candidates, including white Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10975728\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg\" alt=\"Chart_oil_PAC\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One committee, the Coalition to Restore California’s Middle Class, is funded entirely by oil: Chevron, Tesoro, Valero and the California Resources Corporation. The group had spent nearly $2 million as of May 31 -- with more spending likely before Tuesday’s primary -- to benefit eight candidates. Two are white Republicans; six are Latino or African-American Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative of the group declined an interview, instead emailing a statement saying it \"supports leaders who have protected California jobs and the middle class and share our commitment to policies that help businesses thrive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee has created a \u003ca href=\"http://restorethemiddleclassca.com/\">series of ads\u003c/a> aimed at working-class Californians:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>One praises \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/a-pivotal-race-for-california-democrats/\">Assemblywoman Cheryl Brown\u003c/a> (D-San Bernardino) for blocking the petroleum reduction proposed by “fancy-pants politicians.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A spot supporting Democrat Cecilia Aguiar-Curry in an agricultural region shows a picnic table brimming with strawberries and grapes and says energy companies “make the clean fuels that bring our food from farm to fork.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An ad for Assemblywoman Nora Campos (D-San Jose), who is challenging an incumbent Democrat for state Senate, touts her work on maternity health care as a Latina hangs onesies on a clothesline.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Aguiar-Curry and Campos are each competing against white men campaigning on their environmental records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos declined an interview request. Her campaign consultant, Ed McGovern, sent an email decrying the “proliferation of special interest money in politics” and noting that Campos’ main opponent, Sen. Jim Beall (D-San Jose), is benefiting from \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.ss.ca.gov/PDFGen/pdfgen.prg?filingid=2044495&amendid=1\">$500,000\u003c/a> from billionaire environmentalist \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/climate-soulmates/\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beall said oil companies are trying to oust him because he’s rebuffed their efforts to repeal California’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/oil-gears-up-for-another-climate-fight/\">low-carbon fuel standard\u003c/a> that requires cleaner blends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to say no to them when they come up with something that hurts people -- like dirtier air,” Beall said. “They’re opposing me on my record.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguiar-Curry, the mayor of Winters, said oil companies see that she works to understand both sides in a debate. Her main opponent, Davis mayor Dan Wolk, said the industry is against him because he has promoted renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the Coalition to Restore California’s Middle Class spent $714,000 to help elect two Democrats: Assemblymen Rudy Salas (D-Bakersfield) and Jim Cooper (D-Elk Grove), a Latino and African-American, respectively, from different ends of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a good investment: The pair assumed powerful posts last year as chairmen of the moderate Democratic caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a non-profit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s not often that interest groups call out public officials by their race, but as environmentalists evaluated state lawmakers’ voting records last year, that is just what they did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black and Latino Democrats “must do better” to buck the interests of the petroleum industry and help the communities they represent, the California Environmental Justice Alliance wrote in its \u003ca href=\"http://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CEJA_scorecard_2015.pdf\">scorecard\u003c/a>. “We cannot sit on the sidelines as communities of color are used as a wedge for the interests of industry lobbyists,” the group said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We cannot sit on the sidelines as communities of color are used as a wedge for the interests of industry lobbyists.'\u003ccite>California Environmental Justice Alliance\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The report followed a bruising fight that split Democrats over a proposal to slash vehicles’ petroleum use to slow global warming. Business-friendly Democrats -- many of them African-Americans and Latinos representing economically depressed regions -- sided with the oil industry against the plan, arguing it would hurt working-class Californians by raising the price of gas. They won; the provision was stripped from legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, oil companies are pouring millions of dollars into legislative contests across the state. And the Democrats they most visibly support are black and Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intersection of environmental and ethnic politics reflects a state dominated by Democrats in which 62 percent of the population is non-white. As the Republican Party -- the traditional industry ally -- has shrunk, many business interests have shifted political spending to buoy Democrats. In some contests, all the Democratic candidates are people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil’s support for black and Latino Democrats also reflects cultural and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/14/us/californias-economic-split-pits-west-against-east.html?_r=0\">economic divides.\u003c/a> The economy is booming in coastal areas, where more whites live, while stagnating in \u003ca href=\"http://www.dof.ca.gov/research/demographic/state_census_data_center/census_2010/documents/Map5_RaceHispDistribution_2010.jpg\">heavily Latino\u003c/a> regions inland. Though blacks and Latinos historically aligned with the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, the economic divide has created fertile ground for industry arguments about the financial burden of some environmental policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Big Oil has not been at the top of most Democrats’ friends lists,” said Roger Salazar, a Democratic political consultant. But energy businesses have “been very smart in looking at some of the internal play ... They’ve started to figure out that there is a difference between your coastal, liberal, more affluent Democrat and your inland, urban, less affluent Democrat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every lawmaker fits the pattern. The Legislature’s Democratic leaders are both Latinos from urban Los Angeles with strong environmental records: Senate leader Kevin de Leon, who carried the bill on petroleum use, and Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, who led the California League of Conservation Voters before being elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the environmental movement \u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2014/05/white-men-run-big-environmental-organizations\">remains largely white\u003c/a>, creating an opening for the oil industry to court ethnic communities, said Marce Gutierrez, who heads an ocean conservation group called Azul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a historical failure of the environmental movement to engage meaningfully with Latinos and people of color, you open it up for that sort of thing to happen,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoping to bolster the Legislature’s caucus of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/rise-of-the-business-democrat/\">moderate Democrats\u003c/a>, businesses are pouring millions into advertising campaigns that are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/money-talks-candidates-listen/\">not controlled by candidates\u003c/a>. Some political committees combine oil money with funds from other interests to support an array of candidates, including white Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10975728\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg\" alt=\"Chart_oil_PAC\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/Chart_oil_PAC-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One committee, the Coalition to Restore California’s Middle Class, is funded entirely by oil: Chevron, Tesoro, Valero and the California Resources Corporation. The group had spent nearly $2 million as of May 31 -- with more spending likely before Tuesday’s primary -- to benefit eight candidates. Two are white Republicans; six are Latino or African-American Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative of the group declined an interview, instead emailing a statement saying it \"supports leaders who have protected California jobs and the middle class and share our commitment to policies that help businesses thrive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee has created a \u003ca href=\"http://restorethemiddleclassca.com/\">series of ads\u003c/a> aimed at working-class Californians:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>One praises \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/a-pivotal-race-for-california-democrats/\">Assemblywoman Cheryl Brown\u003c/a> (D-San Bernardino) for blocking the petroleum reduction proposed by “fancy-pants politicians.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A spot supporting Democrat Cecilia Aguiar-Curry in an agricultural region shows a picnic table brimming with strawberries and grapes and says energy companies “make the clean fuels that bring our food from farm to fork.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An ad for Assemblywoman Nora Campos (D-San Jose), who is challenging an incumbent Democrat for state Senate, touts her work on maternity health care as a Latina hangs onesies on a clothesline.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Aguiar-Curry and Campos are each competing against white men campaigning on their environmental records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos declined an interview request. Her campaign consultant, Ed McGovern, sent an email decrying the “proliferation of special interest money in politics” and noting that Campos’ main opponent, Sen. Jim Beall (D-San Jose), is benefiting from \u003ca href=\"http://cal-access.ss.ca.gov/PDFGen/pdfgen.prg?filingid=2044495&amendid=1\">$500,000\u003c/a> from billionaire environmentalist \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/climate-soulmates/\">Tom Steyer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beall said oil companies are trying to oust him because he’s rebuffed their efforts to repeal California’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/oil-gears-up-for-another-climate-fight/\">low-carbon fuel standard\u003c/a> that requires cleaner blends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to say no to them when they come up with something that hurts people -- like dirtier air,” Beall said. “They’re opposing me on my record.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguiar-Curry, the mayor of Winters, said oil companies see that she works to understand both sides in a debate. Her main opponent, Davis mayor Dan Wolk, said the industry is against him because he has promoted renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the Coalition to Restore California’s Middle Class spent $714,000 to help elect two Democrats: Assemblymen Rudy Salas (D-Bakersfield) and Jim Cooper (D-Elk Grove), a Latino and African-American, respectively, from different ends of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a good investment: The pair assumed powerful posts last year as chairmen of the moderate Democratic caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a non-profit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Easing Drought Boosts California Hydropower, For Now",
"headTitle": "Easing Drought Boosts California Hydropower, For Now | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The easing of California’s drought has boosted the state’s early spring hydropower generation to its highest level since 2011, helping it to recover from a 15-year low reached last year. But hydroelectricity production is not expected to improve much overall this year, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West’s four-year drought desiccated many reservoirs in California, the nation’s fourth largest hydropower producer, reducing their ability to generate electricity and forcing the state to rely on other renewables and more fossil fuels for its power supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”HB0T7nsf5vRPpi95kXM7xAhuGHgr7GGI”]Prior to the drought, hydropower produced nearly 40 percent of the state’s electricity during wet years, with natural gas producing most of the rest. Today, about 11 percent of the state’s electricity comes from hydropower and 52 percent comes from natural gas, with wind, solar and nuclear producing much of the rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though hydropower generated at large reservoirs is not included in California’s climate goals, it is a major source of renewable electricity that helps offset the country’s reliance on coal for electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California passed a law last year requiring 50 percent of the state’s power to come from wind, solar, biomass, geothermal energy and small hydroelectric sources by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the drought began in 2012, Californians burned an additional $2 billion worth of natural gas to make up for lost hydropower, increasing greenhouse gas emissions from the state’s electric power sector by 10 percent, said water and climate analyst Peter Gleick, president of the Oakland-based Pacific Institute, a global water think tank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s hydropower boost follows El Niño-fueled storms, which marched across the state over the winter, helping to fill some reservoirs to above their historical averages, state data show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Shear, an economist at the U.S. Energy Information Administration, said the state’s hydropower production in March — 2.77 million megawatt hours — was the highest of any March since 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydropower generation usually peaks each summer when reservoirs are swollen with snowmelt and rainfall. The 2015 peak occurred in July at about 1.9 million megawatt hours, the lowest annual peak since 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly-full reservoirs point to more hydropower generation for the short term, but it may not continue through through the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the U.S. Climate Prediction Center’s seasonal outlook shows that California is likely to receive average rainfall this summer, warmer-than-normal temperatures are expected, which will help evaporate water stored in hydroelectric reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleick said he expects that California’s hydropower generation will recover only marginally this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Northern California received about an average amount of rainfall, but the reservoirs were extremely low and so less than an average amount of water was let go through the turbines,” he said. “I would estimate that 2015-2016 will be below average (for) hydropower again, though certainly better than last year.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/what-we-do/people/bobby-magill\" target=\"_blank\">Bobby Magill\u003c/a>\u003c/br>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The easing of California’s drought has boosted the state’s early spring hydropower generation to its highest level since 2011, helping it to recover from a 15-year low reached last year. But hydroelectricity production is not expected to improve much overall this year, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West’s four-year drought desiccated many reservoirs in California, the nation’s fourth largest hydropower producer, reducing their ability to generate electricity and forcing the state to rely on other renewables and more fossil fuels for its power supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Prior to the drought, hydropower produced nearly 40 percent of the state’s electricity during wet years, with natural gas producing most of the rest. Today, about 11 percent of the state’s electricity comes from hydropower and 52 percent comes from natural gas, with wind, solar and nuclear producing much of the rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though hydropower generated at large reservoirs is not included in California’s climate goals, it is a major source of renewable electricity that helps offset the country’s reliance on coal for electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California passed a law last year requiring 50 percent of the state’s power to come from wind, solar, biomass, geothermal energy and small hydroelectric sources by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the drought began in 2012, Californians burned an additional $2 billion worth of natural gas to make up for lost hydropower, increasing greenhouse gas emissions from the state’s electric power sector by 10 percent, said water and climate analyst Peter Gleick, president of the Oakland-based Pacific Institute, a global water think tank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s hydropower boost follows El Niño-fueled storms, which marched across the state over the winter, helping to fill some reservoirs to above their historical averages, state data show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Shear, an economist at the U.S. Energy Information Administration, said the state’s hydropower production in March — 2.77 million megawatt hours — was the highest of any March since 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydropower generation usually peaks each summer when reservoirs are swollen with snowmelt and rainfall. The 2015 peak occurred in July at about 1.9 million megawatt hours, the lowest annual peak since 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly-full reservoirs point to more hydropower generation for the short term, but it may not continue through through the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the U.S. Climate Prediction Center’s seasonal outlook shows that California is likely to receive average rainfall this summer, warmer-than-normal temperatures are expected, which will help evaporate water stored in hydroelectric reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleick said he expects that California’s hydropower generation will recover only marginally this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Northern California received about an average amount of rainfall, but the reservoirs were extremely low and so less than an average amount of water was let go through the turbines,” he said. “I would estimate that 2015-2016 will be below average (for) hydropower again, though certainly better than last year.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lawmaker Wants Answers After Shell Pipeline Suffers 2nd Rupture and Spill",
"title": "Lawmaker Wants Answers After Shell Pipeline Suffers 2nd Rupture and Spill",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Joaquin County Assemblywoman Susan Eggman plans to meet with Shell Oil officials after learning one of the company's crude petroleum pipelines \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september\" target=\"_blank\">has ruptured twice\u003c/a> in the past eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills -- one last Sept. 17 and another May 20 -- dumped an estimated 42,000 gallons of heavy crude oil on rangeland near the junction of Interstates 580 and 205 east of the Altamont Pass and west of Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These incidents are of great concern to Assemblymember Eggman,\" said spokesman Christian Burkin about the ruptures near the Alameda-San Joaquin county line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggman is scheduled to meet with Shell executives next Monday and is contacting residents who live near the pipeline to find out how the spills have impacted them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to let the investigation take its course, to allow for a full grasp of the facts so that an effective solution can be reached,\" Burkin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10974514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png\" alt=\"Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shell officials say they believed they had already fixed the pipeline after it broke last September and leaked 21,000 gallons of oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s fire marshal, responsible for \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline\" target=\"_blank\">overseeing the safety\u003c/a> of intrastate hazardous liquid pipelines, says corrosion in the 24-inch underground line caused last year's rupture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynne Tolmachoff, a spokeswoman for Cal Fire, said the agency’s investigation determined the cause to be a “fatigue crack resulting from a small corrosion pit\" on a welded pipeline seam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell said after the September rupture was repaired, inspections detected no further problems with the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We employed the best technological tools available to identify the presence of possible similar issues in the pipeline,” said company spokesman Ray Fisher in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those tools included ultrasonic and magnetic tests, Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The subsequent evaluations indicated there were no additional defects similar to that which caused the September 2015 release,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline has been shut down since May 20, the day of the most recent spill. The line brings oil from oil fields in the San Joaquin Valley to Martinez, where it goes to local refineries, including one operated by Shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline is expected to remain inactive this week as Shell conducts test on the most recently repaired sections. According to the Central Valley Regional Quality Control Board, which has been monitoring the spill and its aftermath, the inspection will include hydrostatic testing, a process in which a section of pipeline is filled with water, then subjected to high pressure to check on its integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10974518\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg\" alt=\"Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20 Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \" width=\"400\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20 Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The pipeline can carry up to 200,000 barrels of oil a day -- nearly 8.5 million gallons. The impact of the recent break and continuing pipeline shutdown on Martinez refinery operations, local fuel supplies and Shell’s bottom line is unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives of one of the pipeline's Bay Area customers, Tesoro’s Martinez refinery, say they don't expect the service interruption to affect operations at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At this time we do not expect this issue to have an impact on planned rates at our Martinez refinery or our ability to fulfill customer product supply commitments,” said Brendan Smith, a Tesoro spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline, which is about 7 feet below the ground, was installed in 1989 to replace an older line. The old and new pipes run next to each other. Water control board officials say much of the oil that leaked appears to be between the two pipelines\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews are working to clean up the most recent spill and, if the last one is any indication, that effort will be massive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Shell and its contractors two months to clean up oil from the September pipeline rupture. That work, which is now essentially being repeated, involved recovering oil on the surface of the land, excavating and testing soil saturated with crude and trucking 6,560 tons of that soil to a landfill in Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Joaquin County Assemblywoman Susan Eggman plans to meet with Shell Oil officials after learning one of the company's crude petroleum pipelines \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september\" target=\"_blank\">has ruptured twice\u003c/a> in the past eight months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills -- one last Sept. 17 and another May 20 -- dumped an estimated 42,000 gallons of heavy crude oil on rangeland near the junction of Interstates 580 and 205 east of the Altamont Pass and west of Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These incidents are of great concern to Assemblymember Eggman,\" said spokesman Christian Burkin about the ruptures near the Alameda-San Joaquin county line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggman is scheduled to meet with Shell executives next Monday and is contacting residents who live near the pipeline to find out how the spills have impacted them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to let the investigation take its course, to allow for a full grasp of the facts so that an effective solution can be reached,\" Burkin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10974514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png\" alt=\"Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shell officials say they believed they had already fixed the pipeline after it broke last September and leaked 21,000 gallons of oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s fire marshal, responsible for \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline\" target=\"_blank\">overseeing the safety\u003c/a> of intrastate hazardous liquid pipelines, says corrosion in the 24-inch underground line caused last year's rupture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynne Tolmachoff, a spokeswoman for Cal Fire, said the agency’s investigation determined the cause to be a “fatigue crack resulting from a small corrosion pit\" on a welded pipeline seam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell said after the September rupture was repaired, inspections detected no further problems with the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We employed the best technological tools available to identify the presence of possible similar issues in the pipeline,” said company spokesman Ray Fisher in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those tools included ultrasonic and magnetic tests, Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The subsequent evaluations indicated there were no additional defects similar to that which caused the September 2015 release,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline has been shut down since May 20, the day of the most recent spill. The line brings oil from oil fields in the San Joaquin Valley to Martinez, where it goes to local refineries, including one operated by Shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline is expected to remain inactive this week as Shell conducts test on the most recently repaired sections. According to the Central Valley Regional Quality Control Board, which has been monitoring the spill and its aftermath, the inspection will include hydrostatic testing, a process in which a section of pipeline is filled with water, then subjected to high pressure to check on its integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10974518\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg\" alt=\"Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20 Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \" width=\"400\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20 Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The pipeline can carry up to 200,000 barrels of oil a day -- nearly 8.5 million gallons. The impact of the recent break and continuing pipeline shutdown on Martinez refinery operations, local fuel supplies and Shell’s bottom line is unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives of one of the pipeline's Bay Area customers, Tesoro’s Martinez refinery, say they don't expect the service interruption to affect operations at the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At this time we do not expect this issue to have an impact on planned rates at our Martinez refinery or our ability to fulfill customer product supply commitments,” said Brendan Smith, a Tesoro spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipeline, which is about 7 feet below the ground, was installed in 1989 to replace an older line. The old and new pipes run next to each other. Water control board officials say much of the oil that leaked appears to be between the two pipelines\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews are working to clean up the most recent spill and, if the last one is any indication, that effort will be massive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Shell and its contractors two months to clean up oil from the September pipeline rupture. That work, which is now essentially being repeated, involved recovering oil on the surface of the land, excavating and testing soil saturated with crude and trucking 6,560 tons of that soil to a landfill in Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish?",
"headTitle": "How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>It’s no secret that the ecosystem of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is in rough shape, by many metrics. One of the most talked about, and controversial, subjects is the state of the delta’s native fish populations, including endangered salmon runs and delta smelt. Management to protect critical fish populations has meant curbing water exports from the delta, which support farms and cities farther south and west – a policy unpopular with many water users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is there a better way to do things?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisheries expert \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/people/peter-b-moyle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Peter Moyle\u003c/a>, a distinguished professor emeritus in the Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis\u003c/a>, has some ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle has spent decades studying the ecosystem, gathering data from Suisun Marsh that goes back to 1979 and authoring (or coauthoring) more than 225 publications including the books “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520227545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Inland Fishes of California\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520276086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Suisun Marsh: Ecological History and Possible Futures\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_742447\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-742447\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg\" alt=\"A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \" width=\"384\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt-400x338.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moyle spoke recently with Water Deeply about key problems in the delta, ideas for better management and the how native fish populations can be restored through habitat changes in key areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: When it comes to the delta, we hear a lot about a few endangered species, but how is the delta ecosystem doing as a whole?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Moyle: It’s not an easy question to answer. It’s actually a healthy ecosystem. But it has a lot of undesirable characteristics and by that I mean it’s not a very good place for native fish, like salmon and smelt. But it’s a great place for some of these non-native fish like largemouth bass. It depends on your point of view. If you’re a bass fisherman, the delta is great. If you’re interested in trying to keep native fish species going, like the delta smelt, it’s an ecosystem in pretty bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just a matter of what characteristics of the ecosystem you value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What is the value of native fish in that ecosystem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The ones that people value the most are the salmon, of course; there are four runs of salmon. And there are steelhead, and those fish all have commercial and sport value. Then we have two species of sturgeon, which also have sport value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things our society has done is decide the highest priority for management are endangered species. We have seven endangered fish species in the delta, which take the priority for management. As a society, in a sense, we have made a decision that these native fishes that are in real trouble are what we value most in the system. Even though the ecosystem itself is not doing very well in terms of supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Does it make sense to manage the ecosystem for the protection of endangered species?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It makes sense from the point of view of the Endangered Species Act, but it’s not managing it as an ecosystem. If you focus on just those species you lose track of the bigger picture. If I had my druthers it would be to manage the system for broader ecosystem values that include nonlisted species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta today is what’s called a novel ecosystem: It’s an ecosystem unlike any that has ever existed before. It’s permanently altered by humans and it continues to be altered. It has a mixture of native and non-native species, not only fish but invertebrates, plants, everything out there is a mixture of species from all over the world and they’re all interacting and creating this new ecosystem. There is so much unpredictability about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: How do we go about taking a more holistic management perspective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: My own current thinking is that you have to look at it as not one place, but several places. Specifically, for the native fishes, for salmon and smelt and so forth, we should focus our management on them on the arc of habitat that goes from the Yolo Bypass down to the Cache-Lindsey Slough region, which is essentially the north delta, down the Sacramento River and into Suisun Marsh. That is an arc of habitat tied to the Sacramento River that has the highest-quality water and the most water. There are a lot of tidal marshes that can be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a place where you have the greatest opportunity in interlinked regions for native fish restoration. And that’s making the assumption that the native fish and endangered species are what you want to protect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrast to that is over in the south delta, which is the part most influenced by the large export pumps of the Department of Water Resources and the Bureau of Reclamation. That area has just been devastated from a native fish point of view. Instead its value today is for non-native fish, for largemouth bass and similar species. Maybe that is the way you do it – you manage the delta by region rather than thinking of the delta as one ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What can you do to improve habitat in those areas for native fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: A lot of it involves improving flows through the system. It’s also a corridor for all the migratory fish – the sturgeon, the salmon, the steelhead, they are all migratory. They go up as adults, come down as juveniles. You have to keep water moving through it and that is really the key – you have to manage this area as an estuary. You have to manage the outflows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You either have to reduce the amount of exports substantially or you have to do something like Gov. Brown’s tunnel project or something simpler than what he is proposing, because the present way water is diverted through the system makes it very difficult to maintain it as an estuary. The pull from the pumps changes the whole way the system operates and it makes it very confusing for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: There seems to be a shift toward understanding the importance of floodplains for fisheries.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: There is a growing realization that salmon, especially chinook salmon, were historically floodplain-dependent – no one seemed to recognize that until quite recently because hatcheries basically replaced floodplains for the rearing of salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work started with \u003ca href=\"http://cmsi.ucdavis.edu/events/salmon_symposium_speaker_bios/sommer_ted.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ted Sommer\u003c/a>, one of my graduate students about 20 years ago. They started looking at salmon on the Yolo Bypass and realized that if the Yolo Bypass is flooded and you’re a baby salmon out there, you would grow three or four times bigger than you would if you were staying in the river. It’s a little bit warmer and there is just lots of food out there. The floodplains are really productive places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think about how we can use floodplains to really grow salmon, the first thing you start noticing is that 95 percent of our natural floodplains are gone, but in the Sacramento Valley, they have been pretty much replaced by rice farming. Rice farmers have been very successful at making rice paddies great places to feed ducks and migratory waterfowl, so the question is in the winter, when they are not growing rice, can you also make them good places for salmon? It turns out you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Some people have suggested trying to lower the number of predator fish such as striped bass, in order to protect endangered species. What has your research found about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The delta is so complicated, there are so many things going on, but it’s pretty clear that the thing that is driving the basic changes in the delta ecosystem, that has happened since the 1970s, is the water being exported from the south delta as well as the total reduction in inflow. Some water is also exported outside the delta, too – there is a lot of water that never gets there. But the bottom line is that it just doesn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re a water manager you’re always looking around for something else to blame and the striped bass are an easy target. It’s a non-native fish, it’s a voracious predator – it has a high metabolic rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were lawsuits suing the Department of Fish and Wildlife to take all regulations off striped bass with the idea that if you took away all the fishing regulations on striped bass you could fish it down and there would be fewer predators in the system and therefore there would be more salmon and delta smelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasoning behind that is wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So the science that you found doesn’t support that theory?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: No it doesn’t and, in fact, one of the things I always tell people is that if you’re looking at this from an ecosystem point of view, you have to recognize that striped bass are not specialized on feeding on endangered fish, because endangered fish are too rare to support a predator. What they are specializing on are all the other fish out there and it’s quite likely that the striped bass are suppressing populations of other predators that could feed on the eggs and larvae of delta smelt, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any time you mess with an ecosystem and remove one predator, it’s going to be a response in the system and it may or may not be a response that you like. In the case of striped bass, there are so many other predators out there that, if striped bass are diminished, the others will just go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: One of the biggest critiques of the way the delta is managed now is that pumping is being curtailed to keep more water in the system for endangered fish, but the fish populations are still plummeting. So more water isn’t helping. Is that how you see it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It’s an oversimplification, but it’s the result of the pickle they’ve got themselves in by not doing things right to begin with. You divert so much water now that it is hard for the fish to recover. There is a big shift in the delta ecosystem, especially the south and central delta; in the 1970s and 1980s the amount of water flowing through the delta was really diminished very quickly as the amount of exports rose steadily through that whole period and the ecosystem changed in response to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now we have all these endangered species out there that were really caused, in part (there are lots of things going on), by changes in the way water is moving through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Limiting exports] results in some really substantial losses of water to farms south of the delta as a result of orders that come from the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service. But they are doing it because they have only a few of these fish left and if they get entrained in the pumps, it’s a dead fish and a violation of the Endangered Species Act. So they don’t really have much choice but to shut down the pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a classic case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"start\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/about/\">Water Deeply\u003c/a> is\u003c/span> an independent digital media project dedicated to covering California’s water crisis. The project is part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsdeeply.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News Deeply\u003c/a>, a new media startup and social enterprise based in New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Native fish populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta are critical. Peter Moyle, associate director of the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis, has some ideas on what we can do differently.",
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"description": "Native fish populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta are critical. Peter Moyle, associate director of the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis, has some ideas on what we can do differently.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s no secret that the ecosystem of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is in rough shape, by many metrics. One of the most talked about, and controversial, subjects is the state of the delta’s native fish populations, including endangered salmon runs and delta smelt. Management to protect critical fish populations has meant curbing water exports from the delta, which support farms and cities farther south and west – a policy unpopular with many water users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is there a better way to do things?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisheries expert \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/people/peter-b-moyle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Peter Moyle\u003c/a>, a distinguished professor emeritus in the Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis\u003c/a>, has some ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle has spent decades studying the ecosystem, gathering data from Suisun Marsh that goes back to 1979 and authoring (or coauthoring) more than 225 publications including the books “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520227545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Inland Fishes of California\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520276086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Suisun Marsh: Ecological History and Possible Futures\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_742447\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-742447\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg\" alt=\"A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \" width=\"384\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt-400x338.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moyle spoke recently with Water Deeply about key problems in the delta, ideas for better management and the how native fish populations can be restored through habitat changes in key areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: When it comes to the delta, we hear a lot about a few endangered species, but how is the delta ecosystem doing as a whole?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Moyle: It’s not an easy question to answer. It’s actually a healthy ecosystem. But it has a lot of undesirable characteristics and by that I mean it’s not a very good place for native fish, like salmon and smelt. But it’s a great place for some of these non-native fish like largemouth bass. It depends on your point of view. If you’re a bass fisherman, the delta is great. If you’re interested in trying to keep native fish species going, like the delta smelt, it’s an ecosystem in pretty bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just a matter of what characteristics of the ecosystem you value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What is the value of native fish in that ecosystem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The ones that people value the most are the salmon, of course; there are four runs of salmon. And there are steelhead, and those fish all have commercial and sport value. Then we have two species of sturgeon, which also have sport value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things our society has done is decide the highest priority for management are endangered species. We have seven endangered fish species in the delta, which take the priority for management. As a society, in a sense, we have made a decision that these native fishes that are in real trouble are what we value most in the system. Even though the ecosystem itself is not doing very well in terms of supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Does it make sense to manage the ecosystem for the protection of endangered species?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It makes sense from the point of view of the Endangered Species Act, but it’s not managing it as an ecosystem. If you focus on just those species you lose track of the bigger picture. If I had my druthers it would be to manage the system for broader ecosystem values that include nonlisted species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta today is what’s called a novel ecosystem: It’s an ecosystem unlike any that has ever existed before. It’s permanently altered by humans and it continues to be altered. It has a mixture of native and non-native species, not only fish but invertebrates, plants, everything out there is a mixture of species from all over the world and they’re all interacting and creating this new ecosystem. There is so much unpredictability about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: How do we go about taking a more holistic management perspective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: My own current thinking is that you have to look at it as not one place, but several places. Specifically, for the native fishes, for salmon and smelt and so forth, we should focus our management on them on the arc of habitat that goes from the Yolo Bypass down to the Cache-Lindsey Slough region, which is essentially the north delta, down the Sacramento River and into Suisun Marsh. That is an arc of habitat tied to the Sacramento River that has the highest-quality water and the most water. There are a lot of tidal marshes that can be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a place where you have the greatest opportunity in interlinked regions for native fish restoration. And that’s making the assumption that the native fish and endangered species are what you want to protect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrast to that is over in the south delta, which is the part most influenced by the large export pumps of the Department of Water Resources and the Bureau of Reclamation. That area has just been devastated from a native fish point of view. Instead its value today is for non-native fish, for largemouth bass and similar species. Maybe that is the way you do it – you manage the delta by region rather than thinking of the delta as one ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What can you do to improve habitat in those areas for native fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: A lot of it involves improving flows through the system. It’s also a corridor for all the migratory fish – the sturgeon, the salmon, the steelhead, they are all migratory. They go up as adults, come down as juveniles. You have to keep water moving through it and that is really the key – you have to manage this area as an estuary. You have to manage the outflows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You either have to reduce the amount of exports substantially or you have to do something like Gov. Brown’s tunnel project or something simpler than what he is proposing, because the present way water is diverted through the system makes it very difficult to maintain it as an estuary. The pull from the pumps changes the whole way the system operates and it makes it very confusing for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: There seems to be a shift toward understanding the importance of floodplains for fisheries.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: There is a growing realization that salmon, especially chinook salmon, were historically floodplain-dependent – no one seemed to recognize that until quite recently because hatcheries basically replaced floodplains for the rearing of salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work started with \u003ca href=\"http://cmsi.ucdavis.edu/events/salmon_symposium_speaker_bios/sommer_ted.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ted Sommer\u003c/a>, one of my graduate students about 20 years ago. They started looking at salmon on the Yolo Bypass and realized that if the Yolo Bypass is flooded and you’re a baby salmon out there, you would grow three or four times bigger than you would if you were staying in the river. It’s a little bit warmer and there is just lots of food out there. The floodplains are really productive places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think about how we can use floodplains to really grow salmon, the first thing you start noticing is that 95 percent of our natural floodplains are gone, but in the Sacramento Valley, they have been pretty much replaced by rice farming. Rice farmers have been very successful at making rice paddies great places to feed ducks and migratory waterfowl, so the question is in the winter, when they are not growing rice, can you also make them good places for salmon? It turns out you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Some people have suggested trying to lower the number of predator fish such as striped bass, in order to protect endangered species. What has your research found about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The delta is so complicated, there are so many things going on, but it’s pretty clear that the thing that is driving the basic changes in the delta ecosystem, that has happened since the 1970s, is the water being exported from the south delta as well as the total reduction in inflow. Some water is also exported outside the delta, too – there is a lot of water that never gets there. But the bottom line is that it just doesn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re a water manager you’re always looking around for something else to blame and the striped bass are an easy target. It’s a non-native fish, it’s a voracious predator – it has a high metabolic rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were lawsuits suing the Department of Fish and Wildlife to take all regulations off striped bass with the idea that if you took away all the fishing regulations on striped bass you could fish it down and there would be fewer predators in the system and therefore there would be more salmon and delta smelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasoning behind that is wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So the science that you found doesn’t support that theory?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: No it doesn’t and, in fact, one of the things I always tell people is that if you’re looking at this from an ecosystem point of view, you have to recognize that striped bass are not specialized on feeding on endangered fish, because endangered fish are too rare to support a predator. What they are specializing on are all the other fish out there and it’s quite likely that the striped bass are suppressing populations of other predators that could feed on the eggs and larvae of delta smelt, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any time you mess with an ecosystem and remove one predator, it’s going to be a response in the system and it may or may not be a response that you like. In the case of striped bass, there are so many other predators out there that, if striped bass are diminished, the others will just go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: One of the biggest critiques of the way the delta is managed now is that pumping is being curtailed to keep more water in the system for endangered fish, but the fish populations are still plummeting. So more water isn’t helping. Is that how you see it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It’s an oversimplification, but it’s the result of the pickle they’ve got themselves in by not doing things right to begin with. You divert so much water now that it is hard for the fish to recover. There is a big shift in the delta ecosystem, especially the south and central delta; in the 1970s and 1980s the amount of water flowing through the delta was really diminished very quickly as the amount of exports rose steadily through that whole period and the ecosystem changed in response to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now we have all these endangered species out there that were really caused, in part (there are lots of things going on), by changes in the way water is moving through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Limiting exports] results in some really substantial losses of water to farms south of the delta as a result of orders that come from the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service. But they are doing it because they have only a few of these fish left and if they get entrained in the pumps, it’s a dead fish and a violation of the Endangered Species Act. So they don’t really have much choice but to shut down the pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a classic case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"start\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/about/\">Water Deeply\u003c/a> is\u003c/span> an independent digital media project dedicated to covering California’s water crisis. The project is part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsdeeply.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News Deeply\u003c/a>, a new media startup and social enterprise based in New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Reservoirs Full Again; Let the Draining Begin",
"title": "California Reservoirs Full Again; Let the Draining Begin",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The post below summarized the state's reservoir situation in May 2016 and does not reflect a current assessment of conditions. For up-to-date information, check the California Department of Water Resources daily report on reservoir levels: \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">Daily Reservoir Storage Summary\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post (May 2016):\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he perhaps not-so-secret nature of California's major reservoirs -- the big artificial lakes designed to impound floodwaters and snowmelt coursing down the state's biggest rivers -- is that they're little more than big bathtubs. We depend on a beneficent nature to turn on the taps every winter and fill them. And we pull the plug every spring to drain them for use by farms and cities far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought, not very beneficent to us or to anything else that might depend on water, interrupts the cycle of filling and emptying. So, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/25/california-drought-lake-oroville-folsom/\" target=\"_blank\">as we've documented\u003c/a> over the past couple of years, the big reservoirs have tended to fill only partway up and then drain \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/14/drought-photos-see-lake-oroville-fall-near-historic-low-over-20-months\" target=\"_blank\">close\u003c/a> to their \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/10/30/folsom-lake-stark-wondrous-landscape-amid-drought\" target=\"_blank\">historic lows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After our non-super El Niño winter, the surface water supply has mostly recovered. The biggest reservoirs, Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, are better than 90 percent full and over 100 percent of their normal storage for this time of year. Folsom Lake, at the very edge of the foothills on the American River east of Sacramento, is about 85 percent full and more than 100 percent of average. (Statewide, the California Department of Water Resources says, the state's biggest reservoirs are at \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">a collective total\u003c/a> of about 87 percent of average.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've gone back to a couple of our favorite spots to take drought snapshots -- Lake Oroville and Folsom Lake so far, Shasta sometime in the coming weeks -- and have a couple of before-and-after comparisons -- how the lakes look now compared to where they were after they had drained during the drought. Check out the gallery below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No question: It is good to see water in places that have resembled massive dried-out craters for much of the last two or three years. But before you feel too good about that, know that the lakes are falling again already and that we've got no idea what our next winter will bring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" size=\"medium\" ids=\"10968849,10968848,10973391,10973392,10973395,10973397,10973396,10973398\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "For the first time in several years, reservoirs are close to full. Feel good now, because we have no idea what next winter will bring.",
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"headline": "California Reservoirs Full Again; Let the Draining Begin",
"datePublished": "2016-05-31T15:19:04-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The post below summarized the state's reservoir situation in May 2016 and does not reflect a current assessment of conditions. For up-to-date information, check the California Department of Water Resources daily report on reservoir levels: \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">Daily Reservoir Storage Summary\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post (May 2016):\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he perhaps not-so-secret nature of California's major reservoirs -- the big artificial lakes designed to impound floodwaters and snowmelt coursing down the state's biggest rivers -- is that they're little more than big bathtubs. We depend on a beneficent nature to turn on the taps every winter and fill them. And we pull the plug every spring to drain them for use by farms and cities far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought, not very beneficent to us or to anything else that might depend on water, interrupts the cycle of filling and emptying. So, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/25/california-drought-lake-oroville-folsom/\" target=\"_blank\">as we've documented\u003c/a> over the past couple of years, the big reservoirs have tended to fill only partway up and then drain \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/14/drought-photos-see-lake-oroville-fall-near-historic-low-over-20-months\" target=\"_blank\">close\u003c/a> to their \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/10/30/folsom-lake-stark-wondrous-landscape-amid-drought\" target=\"_blank\">historic lows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After our non-super El Niño winter, the surface water supply has mostly recovered. The biggest reservoirs, Shasta Lake and Lake Oroville, are better than 90 percent full and over 100 percent of their normal storage for this time of year. Folsom Lake, at the very edge of the foothills on the American River east of Sacramento, is about 85 percent full and more than 100 percent of average. (Statewide, the California Department of Water Resources says, the state's biggest reservoirs are at \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\">a collective total\u003c/a> of about 87 percent of average.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've gone back to a couple of our favorite spots to take drought snapshots -- Lake Oroville and Folsom Lake so far, Shasta sometime in the coming weeks -- and have a couple of before-and-after comparisons -- how the lakes look now compared to where they were after they had drained during the drought. Check out the gallery below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No question: It is good to see water in places that have resembled massive dried-out craters for much of the last two or three years. But before you feel too good about that, know that the lakes are falling again already and that we've got no idea what our next winter will bring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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