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"content": "\u003cp>Six weeks after the start of the most destructive wildfire in city history, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass ousted the fire chief Friday amid a public rift over preparations for a potential blaze and finger-pointing between the chief and City Hall over responsibility for the devastation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass, a first-term Democrat, said she is removing Chief Kristin Crowley immediately. “Los Angeles needs to move forward. This is a new day,” she told reporters at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Bass initially praised Crowley in the early hours of firefighting, she said she later learned an additional 1,000 firefighters could have been deployed the day the blaze ignited. Additionally, she said Crowley rebuffed a request to prepare a report on the fires that is a critical part of investigations into what happened and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thousand firefighters who could have been on the job fighting the fires were sent home” on Crowley’s watch, Bass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Powerful winds fueled devastating fires\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/fires-los-angeles-area-wildfires-wildfires-los-angeles-dominic-choi-6ff44671637a495aba05fb6238130244\">The Palisades Fire began during heavy winds\u003c/a> Jan. 7, destroying or damaging nearly 8,000 homes, businesses and other structures and killing at least 12 people in the affluent LA neighborhood. Another \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/wildfires-los-angeles-patrick-williams-los-angeles-area-wildfires-california-c9dd064e451e469684da2b770c1014dc\">wind-whipped fire started the same day in suburban Altadena\u003c/a>, a community to the east, killing at least 17 people and destroying or damaging more than 10,000 homes and other buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass has been facing criticism for being in Africa as part of a presidential delegation on the day the fire started, even though weather reports had warned of dangerous wind and wildfire conditions in the days before she left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at City Hall, Bass said Crowley never notified her of the looming danger before she departed, even though that was standard practice since she took office in December 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She has my cellphone. She knows she can call me 24/7,” Bass said. “That did not happen this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At City Hall, Bass was pressed again on how she could have been unaware of the fire risk before leaving the country, given widespread media coverage about intensifying winds and tinder-dry conditions. She didn’t appear to respond directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Fire Department said it had no comment about the ousting of the chief. Crowley could not immediately be reached for comment. The mayor’s office said the former chief exercised her Civil Service rights to stay with the department but at a lower, yet-to-be determined rank.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chief was appointed during period of turmoil for LAFD\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Crowley was named fire chief in 2022 by Bass’ predecessor at a time when the department was \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-fire-chief-crowley-bass-9076f31e7929b559e3afede572e119a4\">in turmoil\u003c/a> over allegations of rampant harassment, hazing and discrimination. She worked for the city fire department for more than 25 years and held nearly every role, including fire marshal, engineer and battalion chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her dismissal followed weeks of growing distance between the mayor and Crowley. As chief, Crowley \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-fire-chief-crowley-bass-9076f31e7929b559e3afede572e119a4\">publicly criticized\u003c/a> the city for budget cuts that she said made it harder for firefighters to do their jobs. In January, when the Palisades fire was out of control, Crowley said in televised interviews that her department was underfunded and understaffed and emergency vehicles had been idled because the LAFD didn’t have the mechanics to fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass said Friday that the budget was increased, not slashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billionaire developer Rick Caruso, who was defeated by Bass in the 2022 election and has been critical of her wildfire management, called Crowley’s dismissal “very disappointing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief “spoke honestly about the severe and profoundly ill-conceived budget cuts the Bass administration made to the LAFD,” Caruso said in a post on the social platform X. “Honesty in a high city official should not be a firing offense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028252\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Karen Bass announces the firing of Los Angeles Fire Department Chief Kristin Crowley and the appointment of former Chief Deputy Ronnie Villanueva as interim fire chief in Los Angeles on Friday, Feb.21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Drew A. Kelley/MediaNews Group/Long Beach Press-Telegram via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Africa trip has left mayor facing lingering questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since returning to the U.S. last month, an at-times defensive Bass had provided only sketchy insight into her thinking in the days leading up to her departure for Africa. Her absence quickly became an embarrassment — on her return, she appeared silent with a blank expression when intercepted on camera by a reporter at the airport, who asked repeatedly why she had been gone and if she had regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In televised interviews this week, Bass acknowledged she made a mistake by leaving the city. But she faulted Crowley for failing to alert her about the potentially explosive fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mayor’s tenure reshaped by deadly fire and rebuilding job\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bass’ handling of the Palisades fire and the vast rebuilding job will be the measure of her tenure. She has said that she intends to seek reelection in 2026.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12021777,news_12022708,news_12022659\"]Bass, a former legislator and member of Congress who was on former President Joe Biden’s vice presidential short list, is known for an understated, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ca-state-wire-sacramento-arnold-schwarzenegger-97f619d33c6bbb208b3aebb4e8178b0b\">coalition-building\u003c/a> style. Her \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/mayor-karen-bass-la-fires-leadership-99e52cf69cc656ee7e0328c6b609be74\">leadership\u003c/a> is being tested as the cleanup and recovery get underway involving the Trump administration, the state, Los Angeles County, the city and other municipalities damaged in the fires, along with an array of government agencies and private interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tensions already have emerged, including local political rivalries, while Trump has been critical of state \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-water-trump-delta-smelt-farmers-943082304d6ec61511fb1a0b95ca771a\">water policy.\u003c/a> Questions have been raised about who is in charge of the rebuilding, with so many entities and officials involved. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom has assembled a group of business leaders to dovetail with the larger reconstruction effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is her first major challenge and she is going to be judged on it, and that could be good or bad,” longtime Democratic consultant Bill Carrick said. For the moment, “she seems to be struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to a reporter, Bass disputed the idea that her administration is in upheaval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The business of the fire department and the city will continue” while the search for a permanent replacement is underway, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "LA Mayor Karen Bass says 1,000 firefighters could have been on duty the morning the fires broke out but 'were instead sent home on Chief Crowley’s watch.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Six weeks after the start of the most destructive wildfire in city history, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass ousted the fire chief Friday amid a public rift over preparations for a potential blaze and finger-pointing between the chief and City Hall over responsibility for the devastation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass, a first-term Democrat, said she is removing Chief Kristin Crowley immediately. “Los Angeles needs to move forward. This is a new day,” she told reporters at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Bass initially praised Crowley in the early hours of firefighting, she said she later learned an additional 1,000 firefighters could have been deployed the day the blaze ignited. Additionally, she said Crowley rebuffed a request to prepare a report on the fires that is a critical part of investigations into what happened and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thousand firefighters who could have been on the job fighting the fires were sent home” on Crowley’s watch, Bass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Powerful winds fueled devastating fires\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/fires-los-angeles-area-wildfires-wildfires-los-angeles-dominic-choi-6ff44671637a495aba05fb6238130244\">The Palisades Fire began during heavy winds\u003c/a> Jan. 7, destroying or damaging nearly 8,000 homes, businesses and other structures and killing at least 12 people in the affluent LA neighborhood. Another \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/wildfires-los-angeles-patrick-williams-los-angeles-area-wildfires-california-c9dd064e451e469684da2b770c1014dc\">wind-whipped fire started the same day in suburban Altadena\u003c/a>, a community to the east, killing at least 17 people and destroying or damaging more than 10,000 homes and other buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass has been facing criticism for being in Africa as part of a presidential delegation on the day the fire started, even though weather reports had warned of dangerous wind and wildfire conditions in the days before she left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at City Hall, Bass said Crowley never notified her of the looming danger before she departed, even though that was standard practice since she took office in December 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She has my cellphone. She knows she can call me 24/7,” Bass said. “That did not happen this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At City Hall, Bass was pressed again on how she could have been unaware of the fire risk before leaving the country, given widespread media coverage about intensifying winds and tinder-dry conditions. She didn’t appear to respond directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Fire Department said it had no comment about the ousting of the chief. Crowley could not immediately be reached for comment. The mayor’s office said the former chief exercised her Civil Service rights to stay with the department but at a lower, yet-to-be determined rank.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chief was appointed during period of turmoil for LAFD\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Crowley was named fire chief in 2022 by Bass’ predecessor at a time when the department was \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-fire-chief-crowley-bass-9076f31e7929b559e3afede572e119a4\">in turmoil\u003c/a> over allegations of rampant harassment, hazing and discrimination. She worked for the city fire department for more than 25 years and held nearly every role, including fire marshal, engineer and battalion chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her dismissal followed weeks of growing distance between the mayor and Crowley. As chief, Crowley \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/los-angeles-fire-chief-crowley-bass-9076f31e7929b559e3afede572e119a4\">publicly criticized\u003c/a> the city for budget cuts that she said made it harder for firefighters to do their jobs. In January, when the Palisades fire was out of control, Crowley said in televised interviews that her department was underfunded and understaffed and emergency vehicles had been idled because the LAFD didn’t have the mechanics to fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bass said Friday that the budget was increased, not slashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billionaire developer Rick Caruso, who was defeated by Bass in the 2022 election and has been critical of her wildfire management, called Crowley’s dismissal “very disappointing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief “spoke honestly about the severe and profoundly ill-conceived budget cuts the Bass administration made to the LAFD,” Caruso said in a post on the social platform X. “Honesty in a high city official should not be a firing offense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028252\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2200361855-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Karen Bass announces the firing of Los Angeles Fire Department Chief Kristin Crowley and the appointment of former Chief Deputy Ronnie Villanueva as interim fire chief in Los Angeles on Friday, Feb.21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Drew A. Kelley/MediaNews Group/Long Beach Press-Telegram via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Africa trip has left mayor facing lingering questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since returning to the U.S. last month, an at-times defensive Bass had provided only sketchy insight into her thinking in the days leading up to her departure for Africa. Her absence quickly became an embarrassment — on her return, she appeared silent with a blank expression when intercepted on camera by a reporter at the airport, who asked repeatedly why she had been gone and if she had regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In televised interviews this week, Bass acknowledged she made a mistake by leaving the city. But she faulted Crowley for failing to alert her about the potentially explosive fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mayor’s tenure reshaped by deadly fire and rebuilding job\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bass’ handling of the Palisades fire and the vast rebuilding job will be the measure of her tenure. She has said that she intends to seek reelection in 2026.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bass, a former legislator and member of Congress who was on former President Joe Biden’s vice presidential short list, is known for an understated, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ca-state-wire-sacramento-arnold-schwarzenegger-97f619d33c6bbb208b3aebb4e8178b0b\">coalition-building\u003c/a> style. Her \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/mayor-karen-bass-la-fires-leadership-99e52cf69cc656ee7e0328c6b609be74\">leadership\u003c/a> is being tested as the cleanup and recovery get underway involving the Trump administration, the state, Los Angeles County, the city and other municipalities damaged in the fires, along with an array of government agencies and private interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tensions already have emerged, including local political rivalries, while Trump has been critical of state \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-water-trump-delta-smelt-farmers-943082304d6ec61511fb1a0b95ca771a\">water policy.\u003c/a> Questions have been raised about who is in charge of the rebuilding, with so many entities and officials involved. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom has assembled a group of business leaders to dovetail with the larger reconstruction effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is her first major challenge and she is going to be judged on it, and that could be good or bad,” longtime Democratic consultant Bill Carrick said. For the moment, “she seems to be struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to a reporter, Bass disputed the idea that her administration is in upheaval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The business of the fire department and the city will continue” while the search for a permanent replacement is underway, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How We Rebuild: What Comes After the LA Fires",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts. This is the second in a special series, check out the first installment \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026682/how-we-rebuild-la-recovers-from-wildfire\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, survivors of last month’s fires will soon begin the arduous process of rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this second installment of a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">\u003cem>SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, host Erin Baldassari brings together stories that examine what happens when people come home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show features reporting about how the fires are rocking an already shaking insurance industry and what Californians can expect from fires and floods of the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survivors of past wildfires reveal how they rebuilt with wildfires in mind and worked with their neighbors to make their communities safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996110/how-these-former-wildfire-survivors-are-supporting-victims-of-the-la-blazes\">Veteran Wildfire Survivors Help The New Recruits\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are some questions only veterans of past fires can answer, such as, “If you rebuild, does the sense of safety ever return?” That was a question Jodi Moreno, who lost her home in the L.A.’s Eaton Fire, posed to Erica Solove, whose home burned in Colorado’s 2021 Marshall Fire. As KQED’s Laura Klivans reports, Solove and Moreno connected through the group, Extreme Wildfires Survivors, which brings together disaster veterans with new recruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024420/rebuilding-la-heres-what-fire-survivors-and-experts-say-is-key\">Coffey Strong\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa’s Coffey Park was all but leveled in the deadly Tubbs Fire of 2017. But go there now, and it would be easy to miss its history and the subtle ways homeowners have rebuilt to better withstand future fires. As KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi reports, their experiences offer lessons backed by research for survivors of the Southern California fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">Hydro-Climate Whiplash\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nExtreme floods, extreme heat, extreme fires: This is what residents can expect for California’s future. Ezra David Romero, climate reporter at KQED, spoke with Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA, who dug into this weather phenomenon. He, along with a team of other researchers, published a new report that gave it a name: hydro-climate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021019/la-fires-threaten-california-insurance-market-stability-housing-costs\">A Rocky Insurance Market Just Got Shakier\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven before the recent wildfires in Los Angeles, insurance carriers had been fleeing California. And this disaster was their worst nightmare: it’s estimated to be the most expensive on record. Carriers already paid out billions of dollars, with more to come. Climate reporter Danielle Venton went down to Los Angeles and spoke with insurance brokers, catastrophe adjusters and others about how these fires could transform the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighbors Band Together\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen insurance is working well, it becomes the foundation over which disaster survivors can begin to rebuild their lives. However, ensuring that the foundation is built on solid ground requires a village. That’s what UC Berkeley Professor Nancy Wallace discovered after she lost her home in the 1991 Oakland Hills fire. She spoke with KQED’s Rachael Myrow about how she and her neighbors teamed up to get fair compensation from their insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts. This is the second in a special series, check out the first installment \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026682/how-we-rebuild-la-recovers-from-wildfire\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, survivors of last month’s fires will soon begin the arduous process of rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this second installment of a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">\u003cem>SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, host Erin Baldassari brings together stories that examine what happens when people come home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show features reporting about how the fires are rocking an already shaking insurance industry and what Californians can expect from fires and floods of the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survivors of past wildfires reveal how they rebuilt with wildfires in mind and worked with their neighbors to make their communities safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996110/how-these-former-wildfire-survivors-are-supporting-victims-of-the-la-blazes\">Veteran Wildfire Survivors Help The New Recruits\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are some questions only veterans of past fires can answer, such as, “If you rebuild, does the sense of safety ever return?” That was a question Jodi Moreno, who lost her home in the L.A.’s Eaton Fire, posed to Erica Solove, whose home burned in Colorado’s 2021 Marshall Fire. As KQED’s Laura Klivans reports, Solove and Moreno connected through the group, Extreme Wildfires Survivors, which brings together disaster veterans with new recruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024420/rebuilding-la-heres-what-fire-survivors-and-experts-say-is-key\">Coffey Strong\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa’s Coffey Park was all but leveled in the deadly Tubbs Fire of 2017. But go there now, and it would be easy to miss its history and the subtle ways homeowners have rebuilt to better withstand future fires. As KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi reports, their experiences offer lessons backed by research for survivors of the Southern California fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">Hydro-Climate Whiplash\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nExtreme floods, extreme heat, extreme fires: This is what residents can expect for California’s future. Ezra David Romero, climate reporter at KQED, spoke with Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA, who dug into this weather phenomenon. He, along with a team of other researchers, published a new report that gave it a name: hydro-climate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021019/la-fires-threaten-california-insurance-market-stability-housing-costs\">A Rocky Insurance Market Just Got Shakier\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven before the recent wildfires in Los Angeles, insurance carriers had been fleeing California. And this disaster was their worst nightmare: it’s estimated to be the most expensive on record. Carriers already paid out billions of dollars, with more to come. Climate reporter Danielle Venton went down to Los Angeles and spoke with insurance brokers, catastrophe adjusters and others about how these fires could transform the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighbors Band Together\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen insurance is working well, it becomes the foundation over which disaster survivors can begin to rebuild their lives. However, ensuring that the foundation is built on solid ground requires a village. That’s what UC Berkeley Professor Nancy Wallace discovered after she lost her home in the 1991 Oakland Hills fire. She spoke with KQED’s Rachael Myrow about how she and her neighbors teamed up to get fair compensation from their insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A fluffy otter pup floats alone on the surface of Elkhorn Slough, waiting for its mother to return from a dive. It squeals in agitation, then quiets as she surfaces, holding a fat innkeeper worm in each paw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worms “basically just look like a giant hotdog,” said Isabella Rose, a naturalist with the Elkhorn Slough Safari boat tour operator. “And the otters really like to eat them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The southern sea otter is one of 16 threatened and endangered species that make their home in the slough, a protected wetland in the center of the Monterey Bay coast. It’s right next to the site where, last month, a 100-foot \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022725/massive-fire-monterey-county-battery-plant-spews-toxic-smoke-forces-evacuations\">plume of fire\u003c/a> destroyed one of the biggest battery storage sites in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire at the Vistra Energy Storage Facility is still unknown. And so are its consequences for the sensitive ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivano Aiello, professor and chair at Moss Landing Marine Labs, has found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024233/monterey-county-battery-fire-linked-surge-heavy-metals-nature-reserves-soil\">nanoparticles of manganese, cobalt and nickel\u003c/a> in the soil of Elkhorn Slough, in some locations at levels 1,000 times greater than before the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026963\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Endris (left), a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial analyst, and Ivano Aiello (right), a professor and department chair at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, test the soil for metal levels in Elkhorn Slough near the Moss Landing Power Plant in Moss Landing on Feb. 12, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They weren’t there [before],” said Aiello, who has been monitoring the soil at the slough for over a decade. “It’s that simple. I’ve never measured those metals in such high concentrations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aiello is now working with a team of scientists to check whether the heavy metals, found in the lithium-ion batteries that burned, are moving through the tidal ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of it might actually move through the soil as the water percolates,” he said, “and potentially enter the food web.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12024233 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/ElkhornSlough-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The animals in Elkhorn Slough have so far shown no changes in behavior or numbers. But scientists are monitoring to see whether the metals, for example, could make their way into those fat innkeeper worms, which feed at the bottom of the slough. And from there, into the otters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Dustin Mulvaney of San José State University, who researches the environmental impacts of batteries, pointed out that the heavy metals might also affect the local Amah Mutsun tribe, who have \u003ca href=\"https://caseagrant.ucsd.edu/news/wild-olympia-baby-oysters-are-back-elkhorn-slough\">restored oysters\u003c/a> to Elkhorn Slough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One concern I would have is for the Amah Mutsun,” Mulvaney said, “if they’re going to be eating those Olympia oysters at some point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of Moss Landing residents is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026172/lawsuit-blames-pge-vistra-for-toxic-fire-at-monterey-battery-storage-facility\">suing\u003c/a> three energy companies — Vistra Corp., which runs the facility, PG&E, which draws power from it, and LG Energy Solution, which installed the batteries — saying they experienced dizziness, skin irritation and other health symptoms after the fire. They say the Texas-based Vistra should have taken better safety precautions in the energy storage facility, which is somewhat of an outlier in that it was built inside an old gas power plant and the type of battery it used is becoming less common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vistra declined a request for an interview but said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mosslandingresponse.com/?utm_medium=search&utm_source=google&utm_campaign=mosslanding&utm_content=search%20&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiAtYy9BhBcEiwANWQQL7QN5Xht5x6Rl79llduONWebZAg9H-Nwvkle_J_hBsvDBCzJkf1IpRoCAosQAvD_BwE\">statement\u003c/a> that it’s monitoring the air and that no hazardous levels have been detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026949\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026949\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Moss Landing Power Plant, the site of a battery fire on Jan. 16, in Moss Landing on Feb. 12, 2025. The power plant is a natural gas-fired power station with a large battery storage facility. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is investigating the cause of the fire and has issued new \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/news-and-updates/all-news/cpuc-issues-proposal-to-enhance-safety-of-battery-energy-storage-facilities\">proposed safety standards\u003c/a> for battery storage facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Batteries and fires have been a known issue,” Mulvaney said. “Our regulation and our ability to think through the impacts of new technology are sometimes a little bit behind the technology itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aiello and other scientists are continuing to collect and analyze samples from Elkhorn Slough and release \u003ca href=\"https://www.readymontereycounty.org/emergency/2025-moss-landing-vistra-power-plant-fire\">data\u003c/a> as it becomes available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”We need to learn as much as possible,” Aiello said. “It’s an opportunity for society to learn more about whether this type of technology is the way we want to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire at the Vistra Energy Storage Facility is still unknown. And so are its consequences for the sensitive ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivano Aiello, professor and chair at Moss Landing Marine Labs, has found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024233/monterey-county-battery-fire-linked-surge-heavy-metals-nature-reserves-soil\">nanoparticles of manganese, cobalt and nickel\u003c/a> in the soil of Elkhorn Slough, in some locations at levels 1,000 times greater than before the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026963\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-BL-KQED-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Endris (left), a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial analyst, and Ivano Aiello (right), a professor and department chair at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, test the soil for metal levels in Elkhorn Slough near the Moss Landing Power Plant in Moss Landing on Feb. 12, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They weren’t there [before],” said Aiello, who has been monitoring the soil at the slough for over a decade. “It’s that simple. I’ve never measured those metals in such high concentrations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aiello is now working with a team of scientists to check whether the heavy metals, found in the lithium-ion batteries that burned, are moving through the tidal ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of it might actually move through the soil as the water percolates,” he said, “and potentially enter the food web.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The animals in Elkhorn Slough have so far shown no changes in behavior or numbers. But scientists are monitoring to see whether the metals, for example, could make their way into those fat innkeeper worms, which feed at the bottom of the slough. And from there, into the otters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Dustin Mulvaney of San José State University, who researches the environmental impacts of batteries, pointed out that the heavy metals might also affect the local Amah Mutsun tribe, who have \u003ca href=\"https://caseagrant.ucsd.edu/news/wild-olympia-baby-oysters-are-back-elkhorn-slough\">restored oysters\u003c/a> to Elkhorn Slough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One concern I would have is for the Amah Mutsun,” Mulvaney said, “if they’re going to be eating those Olympia oysters at some point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of Moss Landing residents is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026172/lawsuit-blames-pge-vistra-for-toxic-fire-at-monterey-battery-storage-facility\">suing\u003c/a> three energy companies — Vistra Corp., which runs the facility, PG&E, which draws power from it, and LG Energy Solution, which installed the batteries — saying they experienced dizziness, skin irritation and other health symptoms after the fire. They say the Texas-based Vistra should have taken better safety precautions in the energy storage facility, which is somewhat of an outlier in that it was built inside an old gas power plant and the type of battery it used is becoming less common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vistra declined a request for an interview but said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mosslandingresponse.com/?utm_medium=search&utm_source=google&utm_campaign=mosslanding&utm_content=search%20&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiAtYy9BhBcEiwANWQQL7QN5Xht5x6Rl79llduONWebZAg9H-Nwvkle_J_hBsvDBCzJkf1IpRoCAosQAvD_BwE\">statement\u003c/a> that it’s monitoring the air and that no hazardous levels have been detected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026949\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026949\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/250212-ELKHORNSLOUGH-16-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Moss Landing Power Plant, the site of a battery fire on Jan. 16, in Moss Landing on Feb. 12, 2025. The power plant is a natural gas-fired power station with a large battery storage facility. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is investigating the cause of the fire and has issued new \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/news-and-updates/all-news/cpuc-issues-proposal-to-enhance-safety-of-battery-energy-storage-facilities\">proposed safety standards\u003c/a> for battery storage facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Batteries and fires have been a known issue,” Mulvaney said. “Our regulation and our ability to think through the impacts of new technology are sometimes a little bit behind the technology itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aiello and other scientists are continuing to collect and analyze samples from Elkhorn Slough and release \u003ca href=\"https://www.readymontereycounty.org/emergency/2025-moss-landing-vistra-power-plant-fire\">data\u003c/a> as it becomes available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”We need to learn as much as possible,” Aiello said. “It’s an opportunity for society to learn more about whether this type of technology is the way we want to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Trump Wants States to Clean Up Forests to Stop Wildfires. But His Administration Cut Off Funds",
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"content": "\u003cp>PORTLAND, Ore. — President Donald Trump’s administration is holding up money for wildfire mitigation projects funded through legislation championed by his Democratic predecessor, threatening efforts to prevent catastrophic blazes like the ones that recently \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-los-angeles-wildfires-eaton-palisides-urban-area-a162c86589b9102a85c510246539ab72\">ripped through Southern California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision undermines Trump’s repeated insistence that communities need to clear combustible materials like fallen branches and undergrowth — “it’s called management of the floor,” he said while visiting Los Angeles last month — to guard against wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Peace, a spokesperson for the Interior Department, said via email that mitigation work is “currently undergoing review to ensure consistency” with Trump’s executive orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scrutiny is being applied only to projects using money from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act, two centerpieces of former President Joe Biden’s administration. They included roughly $3 billion for wildfire mitigation efforts, often known as hazardous fuels reduction programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peace said those programs are continuing if funded by other congressional appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomakatsi Restoration Project, a forest management nonprofit that develops and implements programs to reduce hazardous fuels and wildfire threat in Oregon, northern California and Idaho, has stopped work on projects funded by Biden’s legislation, which provides 65% of its $17 million budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Executive director Marko Bey said he laid off 15 full-time employees after being told by federal officials the funding was frozen pending review, with no information on when it would be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just doesn’t make good business sense to keep operating, not knowing if we’re going to get paid or if at some point the administration is going to rescind some of this,” Bey said. He called it a “really challenging situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitigation work, which includes removing small and dead trees with logging equipment or through controlled burns, can prevent forests from becoming tinderboxes. It often takes place in winter and spring in preparation for warmer months when fires can be more severe. Wildfire season traditionally starts in May and ends in November, though blazes can occur year-round because of warmer, drier conditions exacerbated by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest example came last month in the Los Angeles area, where fires killed at least 29 people and destroyed nearly 17,000 structures in what is projected to be among the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-wildfires-natural-disasters-losses-insurance-recovery-d2f24e44d75503118643151eaee947fb\">costliest natural disasters in U.S. history\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has talked about forest management since his first term, when he visited California after the Camp Fire killed 85 people in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to take care of the floors,” he said. “You know, the floors of the forest, very important.” In Finland, he said, “they spend a lot of time on raking and cleaning and doing things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021743\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021743\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A group of people stand and talk in a brunt out part of a forested area.\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump visits the charred wreckage of Skyway Villa Mobile Home and RV Park with then Governor-elect Gavin Newsom, FEMA Administrator Brock Long, Paradise Mayor Jody Jones and then-Gov. Jerry Brown in Paradise on Nov. 17, 2018. \u003ccite>(Leah Millis/Reuters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He issued an executive order intended to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-wildfires-forests-trees-907e413d06d8ef05dbd99815f4bb6503\">improve management of federal lands\u003c/a>, and in 2020 he complained about California officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, you gotta clean your floors, you gotta clean your forests,” he said. “There are many, many years of leaves and broken trees, and they’re like, like, so flammable, you touch them and it goes up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe we’re just going to have to make them pay for it,” he added, “because they don’t listen to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers have called for federal funding to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Halting these payments is not only unlawful but also endangers our rural communities by removing a vital component of their economies and delaying critical work to mitigate the threat of wildfire,” Sens. Martin Heinrich New Mexico, Patty Murray of Washington, Jeff Merkley of Oregon and Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota said Tuesday in a letter to the administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison Fields, a deputy press secretary at the White House, defended the administration’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because there’s a review doesn’t mean there’s not a desire for this work to get done,” he said. “Proper oversight of the dollars is just as important as ensuring that California gets restored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fields also said that “there has been no bigger advocate for restoring California to its natural beauty than President Trump, which is why he made it a point to visit the region in his first week in office and he’s continuing to put tremendous pressure on state and local government to reduce the barriers in restoring the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review ordered by Trump is also disrupting a $1 billion grant program that helps local jurisdictions better prepare for fires through neighborhood risk assessments and community outreach programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kimiko Barrett of Headwaters Economics in Bozeman, Montana, who worked with counties in the state to secure Community Wildfire Defense Grants, said grant recipients were told Monday that payments had been paused for at least 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of Los Angeles, we have learned that this is a crisis involving very specific risk reduction efforts,” Barrett said. “Without this program communities will not have the tools to continue the very important mitigation work that’s needed.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"science_1993130,news_12024151,news_12024085\"]There are also concerns about how Trump’s recent executive order on downsizing the federal workforce could affect seasonal wildland firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaurine Pinover, a spokesperson for the Office of Personnel Management, said firefighters are exempt from the order as public safety workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But confusion has caused delays. Ben McLane, a fire crew captain for the U.S. Forest Service in Washington state, said uncertainty over whether firefighters are exempt from the freeze stalled the hiring process for seasonal wildland firefighter positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applicants whom McLane has selected for his crew have received some of the information they need to complete — such as medical and drug tests and fingerprinting — in order to be officially hired. But the process has not been completed because human resources lacks agency permission to move forward, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very confused, and we’re not being told anything,” he said. “I don’t know whose job it is to say that firefighters are an essential aspect for public safety and are exempt from the hiring freeze. But whoever’s job it is, they need to say it, because if they don’t, then there will be situations where people call 911 and there aren’t enough firefighters to go around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law allowed for some small increases to the 18,700 federal firefighters in 2022, but issues with workforce understaffing and retention remain. The attrition rate for firefighters at the U.S. Forest Service has been 45% over the past four years, a group of Democratic senators said in a second letter to the administration this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We therefore need to focus on recruitment and retention of this critically important workforce, rather than place more uncertainty within it through an arbitrary freeze,” the lawmakers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brown reported from Billings, Montana, and Megerian from Washington. Associated Press writer Matthew Daly in Washington contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>PORTLAND, Ore. — President Donald Trump’s administration is holding up money for wildfire mitigation projects funded through legislation championed by his Democratic predecessor, threatening efforts to prevent catastrophic blazes like the ones that recently \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-los-angeles-wildfires-eaton-palisides-urban-area-a162c86589b9102a85c510246539ab72\">ripped through Southern California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision undermines Trump’s repeated insistence that communities need to clear combustible materials like fallen branches and undergrowth — “it’s called management of the floor,” he said while visiting Los Angeles last month — to guard against wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Peace, a spokesperson for the Interior Department, said via email that mitigation work is “currently undergoing review to ensure consistency” with Trump’s executive orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scrutiny is being applied only to projects using money from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act, two centerpieces of former President Joe Biden’s administration. They included roughly $3 billion for wildfire mitigation efforts, often known as hazardous fuels reduction programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peace said those programs are continuing if funded by other congressional appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomakatsi Restoration Project, a forest management nonprofit that develops and implements programs to reduce hazardous fuels and wildfire threat in Oregon, northern California and Idaho, has stopped work on projects funded by Biden’s legislation, which provides 65% of its $17 million budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Executive director Marko Bey said he laid off 15 full-time employees after being told by federal officials the funding was frozen pending review, with no information on when it would be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just doesn’t make good business sense to keep operating, not knowing if we’re going to get paid or if at some point the administration is going to rescind some of this,” Bey said. He called it a “really challenging situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitigation work, which includes removing small and dead trees with logging equipment or through controlled burns, can prevent forests from becoming tinderboxes. It often takes place in winter and spring in preparation for warmer months when fires can be more severe. Wildfire season traditionally starts in May and ends in November, though blazes can occur year-round because of warmer, drier conditions exacerbated by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest example came last month in the Los Angeles area, where fires killed at least 29 people and destroyed nearly 17,000 structures in what is projected to be among the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-wildfires-natural-disasters-losses-insurance-recovery-d2f24e44d75503118643151eaee947fb\">costliest natural disasters in U.S. history\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has talked about forest management since his first term, when he visited California after the Camp Fire killed 85 people in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to take care of the floors,” he said. “You know, the floors of the forest, very important.” In Finland, he said, “they spend a lot of time on raking and cleaning and doing things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021743\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021743\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A group of people stand and talk in a brunt out part of a forested area.\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/111718_Newsom-Trump-Fire_REUTERS_CM_01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump visits the charred wreckage of Skyway Villa Mobile Home and RV Park with then Governor-elect Gavin Newsom, FEMA Administrator Brock Long, Paradise Mayor Jody Jones and then-Gov. Jerry Brown in Paradise on Nov. 17, 2018. \u003ccite>(Leah Millis/Reuters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He issued an executive order intended to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-us-news-wildfires-forests-trees-907e413d06d8ef05dbd99815f4bb6503\">improve management of federal lands\u003c/a>, and in 2020 he complained about California officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, you gotta clean your floors, you gotta clean your forests,” he said. “There are many, many years of leaves and broken trees, and they’re like, like, so flammable, you touch them and it goes up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe we’re just going to have to make them pay for it,” he added, “because they don’t listen to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers have called for federal funding to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Halting these payments is not only unlawful but also endangers our rural communities by removing a vital component of their economies and delaying critical work to mitigate the threat of wildfire,” Sens. Martin Heinrich New Mexico, Patty Murray of Washington, Jeff Merkley of Oregon and Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota said Tuesday in a letter to the administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison Fields, a deputy press secretary at the White House, defended the administration’s approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because there’s a review doesn’t mean there’s not a desire for this work to get done,” he said. “Proper oversight of the dollars is just as important as ensuring that California gets restored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fields also said that “there has been no bigger advocate for restoring California to its natural beauty than President Trump, which is why he made it a point to visit the region in his first week in office and he’s continuing to put tremendous pressure on state and local government to reduce the barriers in restoring the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review ordered by Trump is also disrupting a $1 billion grant program that helps local jurisdictions better prepare for fires through neighborhood risk assessments and community outreach programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kimiko Barrett of Headwaters Economics in Bozeman, Montana, who worked with counties in the state to secure Community Wildfire Defense Grants, said grant recipients were told Monday that payments had been paused for at least 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of Los Angeles, we have learned that this is a crisis involving very specific risk reduction efforts,” Barrett said. “Without this program communities will not have the tools to continue the very important mitigation work that’s needed.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There are also concerns about how Trump’s recent executive order on downsizing the federal workforce could affect seasonal wildland firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaurine Pinover, a spokesperson for the Office of Personnel Management, said firefighters are exempt from the order as public safety workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But confusion has caused delays. Ben McLane, a fire crew captain for the U.S. Forest Service in Washington state, said uncertainty over whether firefighters are exempt from the freeze stalled the hiring process for seasonal wildland firefighter positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applicants whom McLane has selected for his crew have received some of the information they need to complete — such as medical and drug tests and fingerprinting — in order to be officially hired. But the process has not been completed because human resources lacks agency permission to move forward, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very confused, and we’re not being told anything,” he said. “I don’t know whose job it is to say that firefighters are an essential aspect for public safety and are exempt from the hiring freeze. But whoever’s job it is, they need to say it, because if they don’t, then there will be situations where people call 911 and there aren’t enough firefighters to go around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law allowed for some small increases to the 18,700 federal firefighters in 2022, but issues with workforce understaffing and retention remain. The attrition rate for firefighters at the U.S. Forest Service has been 45% over the past four years, a group of Democratic senators said in a second letter to the administration this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We therefore need to focus on recruitment and retention of this critically important workforce, rather than place more uncertainty within it through an arbitrary freeze,” the lawmakers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brown reported from Billings, Montana, and Megerian from Washington. Associated Press writer Matthew Daly in Washington contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Series of Earthquakes Jolt the Bay Area. It’s a Good Reminder to Be Prepared",
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"content": "\u003cp>A series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/earthquakes\">earthquakes \u003c/a>rattled the East Bay on Thursday, adding a jolt of quake anxiety to what was already a rain-soaked day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of the bunch, a 3.7 magnitude earthquake, struck shortly before 2 p.m. just east of Hayward, sending a short but strong shockwave through much of the Bay Area. It followed two other small quakes — likely foreshocks — in the hours before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shaking could be felt as far north as Vallejo and south throughout San José, according to \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75132987/dyfi/intensity\">U.S. Geological Survey data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quakes’ epicenters surrounded the Hayward fault, which spans from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont in the south. It runs under the cities of Berkeley, Oakland and Hayward before connecting to the longer Calaveras fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayward’s slip-strike fault hasn’t been hit with a strong earthquake since the 1860s, according to USGS, but do these smaller shakes mean the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1949019/its-about-time-how-to-get-ready-for-the-next-emergency\">Big One\u003c/a> is happening soon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953682\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11953682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg\" alt=\"A panoramic view of the North Bay shoreline near Rodeo. In the foreground are oil refinery terminals. Behind them are houses and hills.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phillips 66’s refinery in Rodeo, along the San Pablo Bay. The Feb. 13 quakes’ epicenters surrounded the Hayward fault, which spans from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont in the south. \u003ccite>(Carlos Avila Gonzalez/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Peggy Hellweg with UC Berkeley’s Seismology Lab, who spoke to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1936949/do-little-quakes-mean-the-big-one-is-close-at-hand\">KQED in 2019\u003c/a>, it’s not so easy to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at the time that small quakes happen along the Hayward fault all the time, as they did in January of that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 20 to 30 years, those worrisome, but fairly harmless, shakes had never led to a “big one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longer the fault goes without a significant quake, though, the more pressure it builds up, Hellweg said. And the widespread myth that small earthquakes release some of this tension isn’t true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1936949 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/05-1020x574.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average interval between major seismic events on the Hayward fault is about 140 years, plus or minus 50. \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3020/fs20163020.pdf\">USGS researchers\u003c/a> say there’s about a 33% chance a magnitude 7 quake could take place on the fault in the next three decades, and there’s a slightly lower but still significant chance that two other faults that run through the Bay Area, the Paicines and San Andreas, could see some action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One concern on the East Bay fault specifically is that it is made of a combination of locked and creeping lines. While the creeping ones move, normally causing some slight shaking, locked faults don’t. Instead, shaking on those could be foreshocks of a larger quake to come, UC Berkeley seismologist Roland Burgmann previously told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever a quake — big or small — occurs, it’s a good time to check on earthquake kits and make sure to have the MyShake app downloaded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app, created by Berkeley’s Seismology Lab, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999982/recent-california-earthquakes-had-a-few-seconds-warning-in-the-big-one-that-could-save-lives\">gave Californians a few seconds’ notice\u003c/a> before significant earthquakes last year and could make a real difference when a big one hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farther from the epicenter, the longer the warning time you can usually get from the app, which sends out a notification instructing people to do what they’ve been taught since kindergarten but could forget in a panic: duck, cover and hold on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen that for many earthquakes, particularly on the West Coast, in California, the people that are injured are injured by things falling on them because they’re trying to get to safety,” said Angie Lux, a project scientist for the Berkeley Seismology Lab’s earthquake early warning program. “It’s really hard to move during an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/earthquakes\">earthquakes \u003c/a>rattled the East Bay on Thursday, adding a jolt of quake anxiety to what was already a rain-soaked day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of the bunch, a 3.7 magnitude earthquake, struck shortly before 2 p.m. just east of Hayward, sending a short but strong shockwave through much of the Bay Area. It followed two other small quakes — likely foreshocks — in the hours before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shaking could be felt as far north as Vallejo and south throughout San José, according to \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75132987/dyfi/intensity\">U.S. Geological Survey data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quakes’ epicenters surrounded the Hayward fault, which spans from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont in the south. It runs under the cities of Berkeley, Oakland and Hayward before connecting to the longer Calaveras fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayward’s slip-strike fault hasn’t been hit with a strong earthquake since the 1860s, according to USGS, but do these smaller shakes mean the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1949019/its-about-time-how-to-get-ready-for-the-next-emergency\">Big One\u003c/a> is happening soon?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11953682\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11953682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg\" alt=\"A panoramic view of the North Bay shoreline near Rodeo. In the foreground are oil refinery terminals. Behind them are houses and hills.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/GettyImages-1408947194-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phillips 66’s refinery in Rodeo, along the San Pablo Bay. The Feb. 13 quakes’ epicenters surrounded the Hayward fault, which spans from San Pablo Bay in the north to Fremont in the south. \u003ccite>(Carlos Avila Gonzalez/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Peggy Hellweg with UC Berkeley’s Seismology Lab, who spoke to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1936949/do-little-quakes-mean-the-big-one-is-close-at-hand\">KQED in 2019\u003c/a>, it’s not so easy to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at the time that small quakes happen along the Hayward fault all the time, as they did in January of that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past 20 to 30 years, those worrisome, but fairly harmless, shakes had never led to a “big one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longer the fault goes without a significant quake, though, the more pressure it builds up, Hellweg said. And the widespread myth that small earthquakes release some of this tension isn’t true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average interval between major seismic events on the Hayward fault is about 140 years, plus or minus 50. \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3020/fs20163020.pdf\">USGS researchers\u003c/a> say there’s about a 33% chance a magnitude 7 quake could take place on the fault in the next three decades, and there’s a slightly lower but still significant chance that two other faults that run through the Bay Area, the Paicines and San Andreas, could see some action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One concern on the East Bay fault specifically is that it is made of a combination of locked and creeping lines. While the creeping ones move, normally causing some slight shaking, locked faults don’t. Instead, shaking on those could be foreshocks of a larger quake to come, UC Berkeley seismologist Roland Burgmann previously told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever a quake — big or small — occurs, it’s a good time to check on earthquake kits and make sure to have the MyShake app downloaded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The app, created by Berkeley’s Seismology Lab, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999982/recent-california-earthquakes-had-a-few-seconds-warning-in-the-big-one-that-could-save-lives\">gave Californians a few seconds’ notice\u003c/a> before significant earthquakes last year and could make a real difference when a big one hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farther from the epicenter, the longer the warning time you can usually get from the app, which sends out a notification instructing people to do what they’ve been taught since kindergarten but could forget in a panic: duck, cover and hold on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen that for many earthquakes, particularly on the West Coast, in California, the people that are injured are injured by things falling on them because they’re trying to get to safety,” said Angie Lux, a project scientist for the Berkeley Seismology Lab’s earthquake early warning program. “It’s really hard to move during an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "One of the Year’s Strongest Storms Is About to Hit the Bay Area",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026524/california-rain-return-with-one-of-years-strongest-storms-on-the-way\">the season’s strongest storms\u003c/a> is set to hit the Bay Area on Wednesday night, dumping inches of rain across the region overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and the South Bay, which have been spared by much of the rain so far this winter as storms tracked farther north, are forecast to be hit especially hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t really had a storm of this caliber so far this season,” said Dalton Behringer, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service. “The North Bay has seen that, but the Bay Area and Central Coast has missed out on much of that action as of now, so this will be the first that we’re seeing of potentially flash flooding conditions and widespread shallow landslides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showers are expected to start in the North Bay and San Francisco on Wednesday evening, growing more powerful around 7 p.m. before reaching the South Bay a few hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bulk of the rain will fall overnight as the system picks up moisture, fueled by a strong \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025860/trump-orders-and-atmospheric-rivers-how-prepared-are-californias-levees\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> dropping between 1.5 and 3 inches of rain in the low-elevation areas and up to 6 inches in the Santa Cruz and Santa Lucia mountain ranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11937369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11937369\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg\" alt=\"A view of damaged colorful houses along the shores of the river with a bridge in Capitola.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In an aerial view, damage from a powerful storm is visible on Jan. 6, 2023, in Capitola. Flood watch will be in effect in Santa Cruz County beginning at 10 p.m. on Feb. 12, 2025. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Flood watches will begin at 10 p.m. in Sonoma County, where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025965/storm-linked-2-sonoma-county-deaths-another-round-rain-hits-bay-area\">Russian River and other waterways\u003c/a> overflowed last week, as well as in Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. Those are set to remain in effect until Saturday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The commute [Thursday] morning is going to be terrible, to put it bluntly,” Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As showers continue Thursday morning, saturated soils will increase the potential for downed trees and widespread shallow landslides, especially in those South Bay ranges. High winds are also forecast, which could lead to downed power lines and cause outages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County officials are warning residents to be prepared to lose electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure that people have enough flashlights, different generators, and things like that, to make sure that they are prepared for potential power outages due to the damaging winds,” Santa Clara emergency management spokesperson Charles Harris said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12024562 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250127-BrooksIsland-38-BL.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is extending hours at its warming centers and offering some overnight locations for unhoused people and anyone who wants to avoid traveling in the rough conditions. Harris said the city will post updated hours on the \u003ca href=\"https://oem.santaclaracounty.gov/disaster-preparedness/hot-weather-safety\">department’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz County also issued a warning that power outages and flooding are likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely will be outages just due to power poles down,” Behringer said. “With soils being saturated, especially in the Santa Cruz Mountains, that’s going to make it easier for trees to come down and infrastructure to be threatened by some landslides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the storm, a high surf warning will be in effect along all Pacific Coast beaches, where waves could break up to 30 feet and even occasionally 45 feet, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t recommend being in the water at all,” he said, adding that there’s a threat of sneaker waves and rough surf on Thursday through early Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday afternoon, there is also a chance of scattered thunderstorms after the heaviest rains have passed, but by Friday, clear skies should cover most of the region and continue into the weekend. Some light rain could return early next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rcooke\">Riley Cooke\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The storm will dump several inches of rain across California. San Francisco and the South Bay, which were spared by the worst of previous storms, are expected to be hit hard.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026524/california-rain-return-with-one-of-years-strongest-storms-on-the-way\">the season’s strongest storms\u003c/a> is set to hit the Bay Area on Wednesday night, dumping inches of rain across the region overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and the South Bay, which have been spared by much of the rain so far this winter as storms tracked farther north, are forecast to be hit especially hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t really had a storm of this caliber so far this season,” said Dalton Behringer, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service. “The North Bay has seen that, but the Bay Area and Central Coast has missed out on much of that action as of now, so this will be the first that we’re seeing of potentially flash flooding conditions and widespread shallow landslides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showers are expected to start in the North Bay and San Francisco on Wednesday evening, growing more powerful around 7 p.m. before reaching the South Bay a few hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bulk of the rain will fall overnight as the system picks up moisture, fueled by a strong \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025860/trump-orders-and-atmospheric-rivers-how-prepared-are-californias-levees\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> dropping between 1.5 and 3 inches of rain in the low-elevation areas and up to 6 inches in the Santa Cruz and Santa Lucia mountain ranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11937369\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11937369\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg\" alt=\"A view of damaged colorful houses along the shores of the river with a bridge in Capitola.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1454693473-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In an aerial view, damage from a powerful storm is visible on Jan. 6, 2023, in Capitola. Flood watch will be in effect in Santa Cruz County beginning at 10 p.m. on Feb. 12, 2025. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Flood watches will begin at 10 p.m. in Sonoma County, where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025965/storm-linked-2-sonoma-county-deaths-another-round-rain-hits-bay-area\">Russian River and other waterways\u003c/a> overflowed last week, as well as in Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. Those are set to remain in effect until Saturday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The commute [Thursday] morning is going to be terrible, to put it bluntly,” Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As showers continue Thursday morning, saturated soils will increase the potential for downed trees and widespread shallow landslides, especially in those South Bay ranges. High winds are also forecast, which could lead to downed power lines and cause outages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County officials are warning residents to be prepared to lose electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure that people have enough flashlights, different generators, and things like that, to make sure that they are prepared for potential power outages due to the damaging winds,” Santa Clara emergency management spokesperson Charles Harris said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is extending hours at its warming centers and offering some overnight locations for unhoused people and anyone who wants to avoid traveling in the rough conditions. Harris said the city will post updated hours on the \u003ca href=\"https://oem.santaclaracounty.gov/disaster-preparedness/hot-weather-safety\">department’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz County also issued a warning that power outages and flooding are likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely will be outages just due to power poles down,” Behringer said. “With soils being saturated, especially in the Santa Cruz Mountains, that’s going to make it easier for trees to come down and infrastructure to be threatened by some landslides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the storm, a high surf warning will be in effect along all Pacific Coast beaches, where waves could break up to 30 feet and even occasionally 45 feet, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t recommend being in the water at all,” he said, adding that there’s a threat of sneaker waves and rough surf on Thursday through early Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday afternoon, there is also a chance of scattered thunderstorms after the heaviest rains have passed, but by Friday, clear skies should cover most of the region and continue into the weekend. Some light rain could return early next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rcooke\">Riley Cooke\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sonoma Valley roads could turn into a “death trap” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021444/many-communities-arent-ready-for-wildfire-evacuations-heres-what-they-can-do\">wildfire evacuation\u003c/a>, leaving residents stuck in up to nine hours of traffic, according to a recent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 187-page \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/uwgc0rw9ko6as04swc70y/KLD_TR_24-1462_Sonoma_Valley_Final_Report_01-28-25-v0.1.pdf?rlkey=h9fh5w7nd5y6221qxrotrfswp&e=1&st=k75olo3e&dl=0\">report\u003c/a>, released to the public on Monday, was commissioned by the local Valley of the Moon Alliance, or VOTMA, which plans to present it to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County\u003c/a> Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really wanted to do something that would help make people aware of what some of the parameters are in trying to get out of the valley if it burns — and it’s going to burn again,” said Kevin Padian, who was an advisor on the study and part of a group that pushed for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of the study, although numerous, boil down to two concerning observations of the county’s current capacity for mass evacuations: it’s inadequate and severely outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The roads in the Sonoma Valley haven’t been improved in a major way for a century,” Padian said. “At present, they are not sufficient to service our present population in case of an evacuation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An evacuation of the valley would entail about 34,000 vehicles fleeing the area on two routes, which would cause traffic to move at 1–2 mph, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padian is a former member of the Kensington Fire Board near the Berkeley Hills, which conducted a similar study. He said he felt compelled to push for a Sonoma Valley traffic study after experiencing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11621778/wind-whipped-wildfires-forcing-evacuations-in-napa-and-sonoma-counties\">2017 fires\u003c/a> that ripped through the valley and left residents trying to flee in gridlock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study simulated evacuations based on the outlined routes and current population and found that residents would spend hours in gridlock. Glen Ellen residents, notably, are projected to see up to nine hours of traffic congestion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s going to get choked in a fire,” Padian said. “They’ve [KLD Associates] got animations of what’s going to happen and how, and the results are really sobering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Cohen, a program director who managed the study for Texas-based firm KLD Associates, said the results showed the valley’s roadway capacity would likely fall short of demand in an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do have concerns as to whether or not they would be able to evacuate in sufficient time,” said Cohen, who is a traffic engineer by trade. “It’s tough to say because without knowing exactly where a fire is going to start and how quickly it’s going to spread, I cannot say for sure if there is sufficient time to evacuate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11622102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11622102\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An out-of-control wildfire approaches Gundlach Bundschu winery on Oct. 9, 2017, in Sonoma, California. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>VOTMA, a nonprofit grassroots organization founded in 2002 by Sonoma Valley residents, has been vocal in challenging various policy and development proposals in the county, specifically as they relate to wildlife and agriculture. Its organizers raised $90,000 to fund the Sonoma Area Fire Evacuation report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said the firm is usually contracted by governmental municipalities or private utility nuclear plants, so it was a surprise when VOTMA reached out to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually really nice because there was a ton of community engagement, review, input and concern,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padian said that while KLD Associates compiled traffic and road data, VOTMA conducted a survey of evacuation behaviors and needs and gathered other demographic data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really think that every municipality in the wildlife-urban interface should have something like this to guide them in how to plan to get people out,” Padian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Supervisor Lynda Hopkins acknowledged the concerns brought up by Padian and VOTMA, writing in a statement that “when Sonoma County’s infrastructure and communities were built decades ago, leaders weren’t planning for an era of catastrophic wildfire and mass evacuations.”[aside postID=news_12021444 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2192874110_resize.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins also noted that the area is “seeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025777/north-bay-rivers-flood-after-storm-little-time-prepare-next-round-rain\">major landslides\u003c/a> that take out critical evacuation routes and require complicated engineering solutions and permitting processes to repair — projects that can take years and millions of dollars to complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Rebecca Hermosillo, whose district includes the Sonoma Valley, thanked VOTMA for their “initiative and leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look forward to reading the study and working through our county process that will also seek to address public safety,” she said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VOTMA plans to hold a community meeting on Feb. 24 to present the study’s findings and rally other residents before taking the report to the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 13: A previous version of this story incorrectly said Kevin Padian was a VOTMA founder and former member of the Sonoma County Fire Board. He advised on the study commissioned by VOTMA and served on a different fire board in the East Bay. It has been updated to correct the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sonoma Valley roads could turn into a “death trap” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021444/many-communities-arent-ready-for-wildfire-evacuations-heres-what-they-can-do\">wildfire evacuation\u003c/a>, leaving residents stuck in up to nine hours of traffic, according to a recent study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 187-page \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/uwgc0rw9ko6as04swc70y/KLD_TR_24-1462_Sonoma_Valley_Final_Report_01-28-25-v0.1.pdf?rlkey=h9fh5w7nd5y6221qxrotrfswp&e=1&st=k75olo3e&dl=0\">report\u003c/a>, released to the public on Monday, was commissioned by the local Valley of the Moon Alliance, or VOTMA, which plans to present it to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County\u003c/a> Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really wanted to do something that would help make people aware of what some of the parameters are in trying to get out of the valley if it burns — and it’s going to burn again,” said Kevin Padian, who was an advisor on the study and part of a group that pushed for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of the study, although numerous, boil down to two concerning observations of the county’s current capacity for mass evacuations: it’s inadequate and severely outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The roads in the Sonoma Valley haven’t been improved in a major way for a century,” Padian said. “At present, they are not sufficient to service our present population in case of an evacuation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An evacuation of the valley would entail about 34,000 vehicles fleeing the area on two routes, which would cause traffic to move at 1–2 mph, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padian is a former member of the Kensington Fire Board near the Berkeley Hills, which conducted a similar study. He said he felt compelled to push for a Sonoma Valley traffic study after experiencing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11621778/wind-whipped-wildfires-forcing-evacuations-in-napa-and-sonoma-counties\">2017 fires\u003c/a> that ripped through the valley and left residents trying to flee in gridlock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study simulated evacuations based on the outlined routes and current population and found that residents would spend hours in gridlock. Glen Ellen residents, notably, are projected to see up to nine hours of traffic congestion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s going to get choked in a fire,” Padian said. “They’ve [KLD Associates] got animations of what’s going to happen and how, and the results are really sobering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Cohen, a program director who managed the study for Texas-based firm KLD Associates, said the results showed the valley’s roadway capacity would likely fall short of demand in an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do have concerns as to whether or not they would be able to evacuate in sufficient time,” said Cohen, who is a traffic engineer by trade. “It’s tough to say because without knowing exactly where a fire is going to start and how quickly it’s going to spread, I cannot say for sure if there is sufficient time to evacuate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11622102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11622102\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27338_GettyImages-859542984-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An out-of-control wildfire approaches Gundlach Bundschu winery on Oct. 9, 2017, in Sonoma, California. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>VOTMA, a nonprofit grassroots organization founded in 2002 by Sonoma Valley residents, has been vocal in challenging various policy and development proposals in the county, specifically as they relate to wildlife and agriculture. Its organizers raised $90,000 to fund the Sonoma Area Fire Evacuation report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said the firm is usually contracted by governmental municipalities or private utility nuclear plants, so it was a surprise when VOTMA reached out to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually really nice because there was a ton of community engagement, review, input and concern,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padian said that while KLD Associates compiled traffic and road data, VOTMA conducted a survey of evacuation behaviors and needs and gathered other demographic data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really think that every municipality in the wildlife-urban interface should have something like this to guide them in how to plan to get people out,” Padian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Supervisor Lynda Hopkins acknowledged the concerns brought up by Padian and VOTMA, writing in a statement that “when Sonoma County’s infrastructure and communities were built decades ago, leaders weren’t planning for an era of catastrophic wildfire and mass evacuations.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopkins also noted that the area is “seeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025777/north-bay-rivers-flood-after-storm-little-time-prepare-next-round-rain\">major landslides\u003c/a> that take out critical evacuation routes and require complicated engineering solutions and permitting processes to repair — projects that can take years and millions of dollars to complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Rebecca Hermosillo, whose district includes the Sonoma Valley, thanked VOTMA for their “initiative and leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look forward to reading the study and working through our county process that will also seek to address public safety,” she said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VOTMA plans to hold a community meeting on Feb. 24 to present the study’s findings and rally other residents before taking the report to the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 13: A previous version of this story incorrectly said Kevin Padian was a VOTMA founder and former member of the Sonoma County Fire Board. He advised on the study commissioned by VOTMA and served on a different fire board in the East Bay. It has been updated to correct the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the perimeter of the Pacific Palisades burn scar, big, beautiful homes stand untouched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is lush with eucalyptus, cedar, bay and palm trees. Bougainvillea vines hug their walls. The homes, snug against California’s coastline, embody what residents love about living in Southern California: a serene radiance that’s difficult to replicate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, despite the ravage of the recent fires, it is all but certain that people will still want to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, host Erin Baldassari walks listeners through this station’s recent reporting from Los Angeles. As the city recovers from catastrophe, the series explores the question: How do we rebuild?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disasters Bring Out the Best in Us\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt always happens this way after a disaster: people help each other. In the first days after the fire, many of the first responders are not wearing a uniform; they’re neighbors. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> drove around with one of them, documentary filmmaker Colin Weatherby. He took on a volunteer side gig after the fires and started hauling around whatever his neighbors needed for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">\u003cstrong>Banding Together to Rebuild\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nChumi Paul loves her Altadena neighborhood. Her home, on a cul de sac, butted up against the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument. Built in 1951 with old-growth redwood, It was 1,200 square feet and boasted 26 windows. From those windows, she could watch the local wildlife: mule deer, bobcats, quail, and plenty of birds. Sadly, her home was burned in the Eaton Fire. Afterward, she and her neighbors were left, like so many others, scattered to the four winds. But, as KQED senior editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> reports, Paul and her neighbors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">have already begun planning how they might rebuild\u003c/a>: with community meals and regular get-togethers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">\u003cstrong>Scorched Sanctuaries Find Support\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor many people, the idea of home is not bound by the confines of a house. It extends beyond four walls and a roof out into the community and to places of worship. Several of those spiritual sanctuaries were also destroyed in the Eaton Fire. But already, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">some have restarted services and are on the path toward rebuilding\u003c/a>. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/eromero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a> visited a church, a synagogue and a mosque to learn how they’re recovering.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the perimeter of the Pacific Palisades burn scar, big, beautiful homes stand untouched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is lush with eucalyptus, cedar, bay and palm trees. Bougainvillea vines hug their walls. The homes, snug against California’s coastline, embody what residents love about living in Southern California: a serene radiance that’s difficult to replicate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, despite the ravage of the recent fires, it is all but certain that people will still want to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, host Erin Baldassari walks listeners through this station’s recent reporting from Los Angeles. As the city recovers from catastrophe, the series explores the question: How do we rebuild?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disasters Bring Out the Best in Us\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt always happens this way after a disaster: people help each other. In the first days after the fire, many of the first responders are not wearing a uniform; they’re neighbors. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> drove around with one of them, documentary filmmaker Colin Weatherby. He took on a volunteer side gig after the fires and started hauling around whatever his neighbors needed for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">\u003cstrong>Banding Together to Rebuild\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nChumi Paul loves her Altadena neighborhood. Her home, on a cul de sac, butted up against the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument. Built in 1951 with old-growth redwood, It was 1,200 square feet and boasted 26 windows. From those windows, she could watch the local wildlife: mule deer, bobcats, quail, and plenty of birds. Sadly, her home was burned in the Eaton Fire. Afterward, she and her neighbors were left, like so many others, scattered to the four winds. But, as KQED senior editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> reports, Paul and her neighbors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">have already begun planning how they might rebuild\u003c/a>: with community meals and regular get-togethers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">\u003cstrong>Scorched Sanctuaries Find Support\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor many people, the idea of home is not bound by the confines of a house. It extends beyond four walls and a roof out into the community and to places of worship. Several of those spiritual sanctuaries were also destroyed in the Eaton Fire. But already, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">some have restarted services and are on the path toward rebuilding\u003c/a>. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/eromero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a> visited a church, a synagogue and a mosque to learn how they’re recovering.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "10-days-after-martinez-refinery-fire-new-details-toxic-chemicals-released",
"title": "10 Days After Martinez Refinery Fire, New Details of Toxic Chemicals Released",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ten days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025377/huge-martinez-refinery-fire-renews-neighbors-fear-frustration\">a refinery fire\u003c/a> injured six employees and prompted a shelter-in-place order for thousands of Martinez residents, Contra Costa County health officials released new details on Tuesday about toxic chemicals released during the four days it took to put the fire out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.cchealth.org/Home/Components/News/News/886/415\">a statement \u003c/a>on the incident that the Martinez Refining Co., which operates the facility where the Feb. 1 fire occurred, reported that the cloud of thick black smoke that billowed over the East Bay community contained petroleum products at various stages of refinement and several other hazardous chemicals, including benzene, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and xylene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials said some of the substances that were released can cause cancer and heart and lung disease, but they also noted that weather conditions at the time of the fire may have limited local exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County Health Director Dr. Ori Tzvieli said the wind blew most of the smoke away from populated areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could have been much worse,” Tzvieli said. “We got lucky this time. But our community shouldn’t have to rely on luck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s disclosure marks the first time health authorities have gotten a detailed look at what was in the plume that wafted over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025394\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Martinez Refinery Co., owned by PBF Energy in Martinez, California, touches residential neighborhoods on Sept. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifteen minutes after the fire started on Feb. 1, a refinery employee told the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services that a flaring incident had released more than 500 pounds of sulfur dioxide. The report also noted that it was “unknown if any other material is releasing due to the fire other than sulfur dioxide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sulfur dioxide has adverse health effects on humans and animals, and high-level exposure can result in heart problems and an increased risk of death, according to studies cited by the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/sulfur-dioxide-and-health#:~:text=Sulfur%20dioxide%20(SO2)%20is,sulfur%20oxides%20(SOX).\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual effects on residents, refinery workers and first responders depended on how much sulfur dioxide they were exposed to and for how long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12024233 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/ElkhornSlough-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day after the fire started, Contra Costa Health hazardous materials employees who were investigating reports of a sulfur smell near the refinery reported feeling dizzy and left the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventy-two hours after the start of the fire, the refinery company filed a report with the county, attributing the fire to an incident involving two workers who tried to restart an idle unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While opening the equipment, hydrocarbon material \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025273/martinez-refining-company-investigating-if-leak-during-maintenance-contributed-to-fire\">started to leak\u003c/a>,” the report said. “The two workers immediately evacuated the area, and the material subsequently caught fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the report lacked any new information about what substances might have burned during the fire. The report also lacked chemical safety data sheets required by the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials responded last Wednesday with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cchealth.org/home/showpublisheddocument/31494\">letter\u003c/a> to the company requesting a list of everything inside the refinery that might have burned and giving the company until Monday to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The information being requested has been deemed essential for assessing health impacts that may have occurred as a result of that incident,” the letter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025560\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Martinez Refining Company in Martinez, California, on Feb. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In its response, the refinery reported that the fire released several substances produced in the refining process, including naphtha and petroleum distillates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The combustion byproducts from the fire — including benzene, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and xylene — pose the greatest public health concern, Contra Costa Health’s statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It added that the department is assessing whether there may be any long-term health effects from the chemicals, including potential impacts to soil and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery is scheduled to provide a 30-day follow-up report in early March. The county said it would hire an outside firm to investigate how the incident happened and what steps can be taken to prevent it from happening again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air District and Contra Costa Health have each launched an investigation into the fire and have restricted access to the area where the fire burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025294\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025294\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1440\" height=\"996\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-160x111.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Contra Costa County Fire Department firefighters outside the Martinez Refining Company as smoke billows from the refinery on Saturday in Martinez. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the city of Martinez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The refinery, which operates as the Martinez Refining Co., also has an incident investigation into the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are working urgently and thoroughly to identify the root cause(s) and take appropriate corrective actions,” an update on the company’s website reads. “Personnel continue to monitor the scene of the recent incident to assess equipment and ensure the safety of the general area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all of the refinery’s operating units have been shut down, but MRC warned there could be more flaring over the next several weeks as workers drain operating units.[aside postID=news_11998887 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/ShellRefineryMartinez-1020x765.jpg']The Martinez refinery, which is more than a century old, was owned by Shell until 2020 when it was acquired by the current owners, New Jersey’s PBF Energy. The company describes itself as “one of the largest independent petroleum refiners and suppliers of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants and other petroleum products in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF owns six refineries, including one in the Los Angeles suburb of Torrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company describes its Martinez refinery as “one of the most complex refineries in the United States” in statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery has had a series of incidents that have drawn widespread criticism in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 24, 2022, the refinery released a cloud of spent catalyst that blanked the town in a powdery white substance that looked like ash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 11, 2023, and Oct. 6, 2023, the refinery unintentionally released petroleum coke dust — a refining byproduct that looks like soot and is made up of particulate matter that can irritate lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "10 Days After Martinez Refinery Fire, New Details of Toxic Chemicals Released | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ten days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025377/huge-martinez-refinery-fire-renews-neighbors-fear-frustration\">a refinery fire\u003c/a> injured six employees and prompted a shelter-in-place order for thousands of Martinez residents, Contra Costa County health officials released new details on Tuesday about toxic chemicals released during the four days it took to put the fire out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.cchealth.org/Home/Components/News/News/886/415\">a statement \u003c/a>on the incident that the Martinez Refining Co., which operates the facility where the Feb. 1 fire occurred, reported that the cloud of thick black smoke that billowed over the East Bay community contained petroleum products at various stages of refinement and several other hazardous chemicals, including benzene, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and xylene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials said some of the substances that were released can cause cancer and heart and lung disease, but they also noted that weather conditions at the time of the fire may have limited local exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County Health Director Dr. Ori Tzvieli said the wind blew most of the smoke away from populated areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This could have been much worse,” Tzvieli said. “We got lucky this time. But our community shouldn’t have to rely on luck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s disclosure marks the first time health authorities have gotten a detailed look at what was in the plume that wafted over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025394\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/230921-PBF-MARTINEZ-REFINERY-MD-04_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Martinez Refinery Co., owned by PBF Energy in Martinez, California, touches residential neighborhoods on Sept. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifteen minutes after the fire started on Feb. 1, a refinery employee told the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services that a flaring incident had released more than 500 pounds of sulfur dioxide. The report also noted that it was “unknown if any other material is releasing due to the fire other than sulfur dioxide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sulfur dioxide has adverse health effects on humans and animals, and high-level exposure can result in heart problems and an increased risk of death, according to studies cited by the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/sulfur-dioxide-and-health#:~:text=Sulfur%20dioxide%20(SO2)%20is,sulfur%20oxides%20(SOX).\">California Air Resources Board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual effects on residents, refinery workers and first responders depended on how much sulfur dioxide they were exposed to and for how long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day after the fire started, Contra Costa Health hazardous materials employees who were investigating reports of a sulfur smell near the refinery reported feeling dizzy and left the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventy-two hours after the start of the fire, the refinery company filed a report with the county, attributing the fire to an incident involving two workers who tried to restart an idle unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While opening the equipment, hydrocarbon material \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025273/martinez-refining-company-investigating-if-leak-during-maintenance-contributed-to-fire\">started to leak\u003c/a>,” the report said. “The two workers immediately evacuated the area, and the material subsequently caught fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the report lacked any new information about what substances might have burned during the fire. The report also lacked chemical safety data sheets required by the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials responded last Wednesday with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cchealth.org/home/showpublisheddocument/31494\">letter\u003c/a> to the company requesting a list of everything inside the refinery that might have burned and giving the company until Monday to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The information being requested has been deemed essential for assessing health impacts that may have occurred as a result of that incident,” the letter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025560\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250203_MartinezRefineryFolo_GC-7-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Martinez Refining Company in Martinez, California, on Feb. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In its response, the refinery reported that the fire released several substances produced in the refining process, including naphtha and petroleum distillates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The combustion byproducts from the fire — including benzene, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and xylene — pose the greatest public health concern, Contra Costa Health’s statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It added that the department is assessing whether there may be any long-term health effects from the chemicals, including potential impacts to soil and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery is scheduled to provide a 30-day follow-up report in early March. The county said it would hire an outside firm to investigate how the incident happened and what steps can be taken to prevent it from happening again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air District and Contra Costa Health have each launched an investigation into the fire and have restricted access to the area where the fire burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025294\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025294\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1440\" height=\"996\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/475966196_17941090172958161_4612211217959910985_n-e1738464480621-160x111.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Contra Costa County Fire Department firefighters outside the Martinez Refining Company as smoke billows from the refinery on Saturday in Martinez. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the city of Martinez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The refinery, which operates as the Martinez Refining Co., also has an incident investigation into the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are working urgently and thoroughly to identify the root cause(s) and take appropriate corrective actions,” an update on the company’s website reads. “Personnel continue to monitor the scene of the recent incident to assess equipment and ensure the safety of the general area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all of the refinery’s operating units have been shut down, but MRC warned there could be more flaring over the next several weeks as workers drain operating units.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Martinez refinery, which is more than a century old, was owned by Shell until 2020 when it was acquired by the current owners, New Jersey’s PBF Energy. The company describes itself as “one of the largest independent petroleum refiners and suppliers of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants and other petroleum products in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF owns six refineries, including one in the Los Angeles suburb of Torrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company describes its Martinez refinery as “one of the most complex refineries in the United States” in statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery has had a series of incidents that have drawn widespread criticism in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 24, 2022, the refinery released a cloud of spent catalyst that blanked the town in a powdery white substance that looked like ash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 11, 2023, and Oct. 6, 2023, the refinery unintentionally released petroleum coke dust — a refining byproduct that looks like soot and is made up of particulate matter that can irritate lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive",
"title": "They Want to Rebuild After the Eaton Fire, but First Comes the Struggle to Survive",
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"content": "\u003cp>Chumi Paul rehabilitates bats for a living. She co-founded a nonprofit called \u003ca href=\"https://www.losangelesbatrescue.org\">Los Angeles Bat Rescue\u003c/a>. Her love of the local environment dictated where she chose to buy a house in 2011, in a cul de sac in Altadena that butts up against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/visit/national-monuments/san-gabriel-mountains-national-monument\">San Gabriel Mountains National Monument\u003c/a>. Her home, in a neighborhood nicknamed “The Villas,” wasn’t big, “but it was beautiful,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was 1,200 square feet in size, built in 1951 with old-growth redwood and 26 windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I’ll miss most about our house — apart from how pretty it was — is how big the windows were,” said Paul’s 11-year-old daughter Maile. The two of them could see Canyon bats at dusk in the summer, as well as birds, squirrels, chipmunks, rabbits, bobcats and mule deer all year round, traveling in and out of the parkland nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026028\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026028\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1140\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-1536x1094.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long before the Eaton Fire destroyed her house in 2025, Maile enjoys Christmas in 2019, when she was 7 years old. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chumi Paul)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paul was close with the human neighbors, too, especially since the pandemic, which encouraged them to talk to each other and band together as a community. “We all help each other. We all feel — felt,” she said, correcting her verb tense mid-sentence, “so lucky to live where we lived in Altadena, but also, in our neighborhood,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after the Eaton fire destroyed their home, Paul and Maile were holed up in a Pasadena hotel room. They were still in shock then, full of grief and exhausted, glued to their devices, checking in with friends from the neighborhood and from Maile’s school to see who had also lost their homes. “We’re all just completely shattered, and we’re all in a group chat text chatting every day, processing what has happened,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1170px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026009\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1170\" height=\"1853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread.jpg 1170w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-800x1267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-1020x1615.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-160x253.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-970x1536.jpg 970w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the group text where Chumi Paul and her neighbors have been supporting each other emotionally and practically since the Eaton Fire tore through their neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chumi Paul)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Eaton Fire has catapulted Paul, Maile, and their neighbors in The Villas into what promises to be a years-long odyssey. They want to rebuild, but first, they have to find another place to live, work, go to school and plan their return to Altadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maile’s in a group chat with 10 close friends, seven of whom have lost their homes. They renamed that chat “70% homeless.” Early hopes of returning to sixth grade at Odyssey Charter Schools’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.bgcpasadena.org/Odyssey-north\">North Campus in Altadena\u003c/a> evaporated because of regional contamination from the Eaton Fire. “I don’t know how they plan on sustaining the school when everybody in Altadena lost their houses. I don’t know how that will work. But we really like our school, so we hope we can go back,” Maile said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026011\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These two stuffed animals, photographed in a hotel room in Pasadena where the family is staying, are all that remain of Maile’s stuffed animal collection. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The community the school served — the students and the teachers and staff — has been scattered to the four winds. Odyssey just found another location for middle schoolers in Pasadena, but Maile wants to go to the new school in Thousand Oaks instead. “There’s not exactly a place to go back to. There aren’t any houses in Altadena to buy. And if there were, the prices would probably go really up because everybody wants to grab a house,” Maile said, sighing. “So I don’t know what’s going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least Maile and her mom have each other and their communities of friends on the group chats. A friend has set up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-chumi-and-maile-after-the-loss-of-their-altadena-home?attribution_id=sl:cec8c9e3-6c02-4a94-927c-b6b9ca3a6496&utm_campaign=fp_sharesheet&utm_medium=customer&utm_source=copy_link\">GoFundMe for Paul and Maile\u003c/a>, as so many have for their fire-afflicted friends. “There’s so much love coming to the surface. So many people are offering to help. People that I don’t even know, and it’s kind of restored my faith in humanity, in a way,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Chumi Paul rehabilitates bats for a living. She co-founded a nonprofit called \u003ca href=\"https://www.losangelesbatrescue.org\">Los Angeles Bat Rescue\u003c/a>. Her love of the local environment dictated where she chose to buy a house in 2011, in a cul de sac in Altadena that butts up against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/visit/national-monuments/san-gabriel-mountains-national-monument\">San Gabriel Mountains National Monument\u003c/a>. Her home, in a neighborhood nicknamed “The Villas,” wasn’t big, “but it was beautiful,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was 1,200 square feet in size, built in 1951 with old-growth redwood and 26 windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I’ll miss most about our house — apart from how pretty it was — is how big the windows were,” said Paul’s 11-year-old daughter Maile. The two of them could see Canyon bats at dusk in the summer, as well as birds, squirrels, chipmunks, rabbits, bobcats and mule deer all year round, traveling in and out of the parkland nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026028\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026028\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1140\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-800x570.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_6093-e1738888198580-1536x1094.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long before the Eaton Fire destroyed her house in 2025, Maile enjoys Christmas in 2019, when she was 7 years old. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chumi Paul)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paul was close with the human neighbors, too, especially since the pandemic, which encouraged them to talk to each other and band together as a community. “We all help each other. We all feel — felt,” she said, correcting her verb tense mid-sentence, “so lucky to live where we lived in Altadena, but also, in our neighborhood,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after the Eaton fire destroyed their home, Paul and Maile were holed up in a Pasadena hotel room. They were still in shock then, full of grief and exhausted, glued to their devices, checking in with friends from the neighborhood and from Maile’s school to see who had also lost their homes. “We’re all just completely shattered, and we’re all in a group chat text chatting every day, processing what has happened,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1170px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026009\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1170\" height=\"1853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread.jpg 1170w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-800x1267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-1020x1615.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-160x253.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Text-thread-970x1536.jpg 970w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the group text where Chumi Paul and her neighbors have been supporting each other emotionally and practically since the Eaton Fire tore through their neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chumi Paul)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Eaton Fire has catapulted Paul, Maile, and their neighbors in The Villas into what promises to be a years-long odyssey. They want to rebuild, but first, they have to find another place to live, work, go to school and plan their return to Altadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maile’s in a group chat with 10 close friends, seven of whom have lost their homes. They renamed that chat “70% homeless.” Early hopes of returning to sixth grade at Odyssey Charter Schools’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.bgcpasadena.org/Odyssey-north\">North Campus in Altadena\u003c/a> evaporated because of regional contamination from the Eaton Fire. “I don’t know how they plan on sustaining the school when everybody in Altadena lost their houses. I don’t know how that will work. But we really like our school, so we hope we can go back,” Maile said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026011\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_9386-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These two stuffed animals, photographed in a hotel room in Pasadena where the family is staying, are all that remain of Maile’s stuffed animal collection. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The community the school served — the students and the teachers and staff — has been scattered to the four winds. Odyssey just found another location for middle schoolers in Pasadena, but Maile wants to go to the new school in Thousand Oaks instead. “There’s not exactly a place to go back to. There aren’t any houses in Altadena to buy. And if there were, the prices would probably go really up because everybody wants to grab a house,” Maile said, sighing. “So I don’t know what’s going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least Maile and her mom have each other and their communities of friends on the group chats. A friend has set up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-chumi-and-maile-after-the-loss-of-their-altadena-home?attribution_id=sl:cec8c9e3-6c02-4a94-927c-b6b9ca3a6496&utm_campaign=fp_sharesheet&utm_medium=customer&utm_source=copy_link\">GoFundMe for Paul and Maile\u003c/a>, as so many have for their fire-afflicted friends. “There’s so much love coming to the surface. So many people are offering to help. People that I don’t even know, and it’s kind of restored my faith in humanity, in a way,” Paul said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "from-sonoma-to-los-angeles-wildfires-hit-child-care-industry-hard",
"title": "From Sonoma to Los Angeles, Wildfires Hit Child Care Industry Hard",
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"headTitle": "From Sonoma to Los Angeles, Wildfires Hit Child Care Industry Hard | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>After the 2017 Tubbs wildfire destroyed the Santa Rosa preschool Renee Whitlock-Hemsouvanh had opened three years earlier, she felt desperate and hopeless and uncertain of the school’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the school’s families had also lost their homes, and she didn’t think she could recuperate enough insurance money to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was just a lot of disbelief because whoever thinks that you’re going to lose everything, like it’s just gonna burn to the ground?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually reestablished her preschool at another site, but the recovery took years. Lately, Whitlock-Hemsouvanh finds herself playing the role of wildfire survivor, giving advice to early educators in Los Angeles County figuring out how to move forward after last month’s devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025677\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025677\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kauai, a preschool student, puts on dry socks after coming in from outdoor play at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Forty licensed centers or homes that provide child care in Altadena and Pacific Palisades were destroyed, and about 240 others remain closed because of smoke damage or lack of power and water, according to the California Department of Social Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family child care providers who lost their homes also lost their livelihoods. A coalition of childcare advocates, along with state and local agencies, are helping providers prepare for reopening and displaced families find child care wherever they land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are just getting to the point where they’ve been able to see what’s left, if anything is left, and starting to make plans for their next steps,” said Donna Sneeringer, chief strategy officer for Child Care Resource Center, based in L.A.’s San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Renee Whitlock-Hemsouvanh is the director of Fulton Community School & Farm in Santa Rosa. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Whitlock-Hemsouvanh advises program directors like Alana Levitt, whose preschool sustained smoke damage in the Palisades fire, how to mitigate that damage, how to deep clean playgrounds and how to support families whose lives were upended by the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levitt, director of Kehillat Israel’s Early Childhood Center, said enrollment had been cut in half because families scattered to other parts of California or even other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She temporarily moved to another preschool building in nearby Santa Monica that had space for the remaining children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We acted fast because the lesson that we learned from COVID is that we have to adapt really quickly,” Levitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025683\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fulton Community School & Farm in Santa Rosa was once a Lutheran church. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was able to do that because the state is granting\u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/meTVCkRozNIr6xKjTkCyTGeHqZ?domain=cdss.ca.gov\"> licensed child care providers some flexibility\u003c/a> in where they can relocate and how many children they can admit so they can continue their work in the aftermath of a disaster. Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass also issued \u003ca href=\"https://mayor.lacity.gov/sites/g/files/wph2066/files/2025-02/EO%204%20-%20Emergency%20Executive%20Order%20-%20Temporary%20School%20and%20Child%20Care%20Facility%20Use.pdf\">an executive order\u003c/a> this week to speed up the process of opening new child care facilities in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levitt’s experience parallels what Whitlock-Hemsouvanh went through seven years ago. Two weeks after the Tubbs fire killed 22 people and destroyed 4,600 homes — the most destructive in state history at the time — her preschool moved to a temporary site and relied on donated books and supplies. Parents pitched in to spruce up the classrooms and outdoor play area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She then caught a break when the city of Santa Rosa decided to lease a former church on city-owned land at a fair market value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12026087 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"660\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Preschooler Joshua plays with a set of toys and (right) changes socks with the direction of his teacher, Yuka Morris, at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/santa-rosa-to-lease-former-church-to-day-care-company-that-lost-facility-in/\">City officials chose the preschool over other proposals to\u003c/a> convert the property into transitional housing or a hospice facility after deciding to make affordable child care a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, Sonoma County \u003ca href=\"https://upstreaminvestments.org/Microsites/Upstream%20Investments/Documents/READY/READY-Annual-Report-23-24.pdf\">lost 450 child care slots to the 2017 fires and\u003c/a> about 50% of its remaining licensed child care capacity after the COVID-19 pandemic gutted the early education workforce, according to a county report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that because the sector already struggles with low profit margins, any additional costs brought on by events like the Sonoma and Los Angeles fires can destabilize providers and lead to closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s already this lack of quality, accessible child care and when you add in an extreme weather event or natural disaster, it just kind of multiplies and exacerbates those existing problems,” said Ariel Ford, senior vice president of program impact at Child Care Aware of America, which offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.childcareaware.org/our-issues/crisis-and-disaster-resources/\">emergency preparedness, response and recovery tips\u003c/a> to its national network of child care resource organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care is often an afterthought following a disaster, Ford said, “even though the parents are scrambling to find [it] because when you have little ones, you can’t do the work of recovery while you also have a baby on your hip.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025681\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025681\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sally Soundara prepares lunch for the students at Fulton Community School & Farm. Soundara was on staff at the Mark West Community Preschool before fire destroyed it. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Whitlock-Hemsouvanh, community support was instrumental in helping her recover from her loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in zoning regulations and reductions in red tape allowed her to reestablish her business. She abandoned plans to rebuild the burned preschool and used money raised for that project to convert the church into a spacious preschool named \u003ca href=\"https://fultoncommunityschool.com/\">Fulton Community School & Farm\u003c/a>. Contributions from United Way Wine Country and First 5 Sonoma County helped cover the $100,000 cost of installing a fire sprinkler system to bring it up to licensing standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025674\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play on ‘woodchip mountain’ at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, a day after moving into the building in March 2020, the state ordered shutdowns to slow the spread of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a wild time, and we stayed closed for two months,” she said.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12021661,news_12024321,forum_2010101908557\"]When it reopened, the preschool operated at a lower capacity as children and teachers gradually returned to in-person learning. But after seven years of turmoil, enrollment has increased, staffing has stabilized, and she has paid off debts associated with losing her preschool to the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new building is on three acres of land, giving kids plenty of room to play outside, grow the food they eat and feed goats and chickens in the garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From that time in 2017 until now has been nothing but change and recovery, and I think that it is this year finally that we’re seeing the light at the end of the tunnel,” Whitlock-Hemsouvanh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She encourages early educators to strengthen relationships in their community as they seek the help that they need. She also thinks a growing awareness of the child care crisis led voters in November to pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014476/3-local-measures-in-california-boosting-funding-for-kids-programs-on-verge-of-victory\">a quarter-cent sales tax\u003c/a> to raise about $30 million annually to fund child care and mental health services for young kids. She sees the funding as part of the long-term recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>There’s a lot more people looking at this early childhood time as a profound time in life and seeing it as valuable and worthy of investment,” she said. “I’m just hoping that that kind of momentum continues in our community. And I realize it’s not that way everywhere, but in Sonoma County and in Santa Rosa, it feels like we’re really being seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Nearly 300 child care facilities remain closed a month after the wildfires swept through Los Angeles County, upending tens of thousands of lives. Early educators there are looking to Sonoma County for lessons on how to recover.",
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"title": "From Sonoma to Los Angeles, Wildfires Hit Child Care Industry Hard | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After the 2017 Tubbs wildfire destroyed the Santa Rosa preschool Renee Whitlock-Hemsouvanh had opened three years earlier, she felt desperate and hopeless and uncertain of the school’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the school’s families had also lost their homes, and she didn’t think she could recuperate enough insurance money to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was just a lot of disbelief because whoever thinks that you’re going to lose everything, like it’s just gonna burn to the ground?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She eventually reestablished her preschool at another site, but the recovery took years. Lately, Whitlock-Hemsouvanh finds herself playing the role of wildfire survivor, giving advice to early educators in Los Angeles County figuring out how to move forward after last month’s devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025677\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025677\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_01420-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kauai, a preschool student, puts on dry socks after coming in from outdoor play at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Forty licensed centers or homes that provide child care in Altadena and Pacific Palisades were destroyed, and about 240 others remain closed because of smoke damage or lack of power and water, according to the California Department of Social Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family child care providers who lost their homes also lost their livelihoods. A coalition of childcare advocates, along with state and local agencies, are helping providers prepare for reopening and displaced families find child care wherever they land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are just getting to the point where they’ve been able to see what’s left, if anything is left, and starting to make plans for their next steps,” said Donna Sneeringer, chief strategy officer for Child Care Resource Center, based in L.A.’s San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02636-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Renee Whitlock-Hemsouvanh is the director of Fulton Community School & Farm in Santa Rosa. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Whitlock-Hemsouvanh advises program directors like Alana Levitt, whose preschool sustained smoke damage in the Palisades fire, how to mitigate that damage, how to deep clean playgrounds and how to support families whose lives were upended by the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levitt, director of Kehillat Israel’s Early Childhood Center, said enrollment had been cut in half because families scattered to other parts of California or even other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She temporarily moved to another preschool building in nearby Santa Monica that had space for the remaining children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We acted fast because the lesson that we learned from COVID is that we have to adapt really quickly,” Levitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025683\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02693-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fulton Community School & Farm in Santa Rosa was once a Lutheran church. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was able to do that because the state is granting\u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/meTVCkRozNIr6xKjTkCyTGeHqZ?domain=cdss.ca.gov\"> licensed child care providers some flexibility\u003c/a> in where they can relocate and how many children they can admit so they can continue their work in the aftermath of a disaster. Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass also issued \u003ca href=\"https://mayor.lacity.gov/sites/g/files/wph2066/files/2025-02/EO%204%20-%20Emergency%20Executive%20Order%20-%20Temporary%20School%20and%20Child%20Care%20Facility%20Use.pdf\">an executive order\u003c/a> this week to speed up the process of opening new child care facilities in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levitt’s experience parallels what Whitlock-Hemsouvanh went through seven years ago. Two weeks after the Tubbs fire killed 22 people and destroyed 4,600 homes — the most destructive in state history at the time — her preschool moved to a temporary site and relied on donated books and supplies. Parents pitched in to spruce up the classrooms and outdoor play area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She then caught a break when the city of Santa Rosa decided to lease a former church on city-owned land at a fair market value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12026087 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"660\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02015_duo-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Preschooler Joshua plays with a set of toys and (right) changes socks with the direction of his teacher, Yuka Morris, at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/santa-rosa-to-lease-former-church-to-day-care-company-that-lost-facility-in/\">City officials chose the preschool over other proposals to\u003c/a> convert the property into transitional housing or a hospice facility after deciding to make affordable child care a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, Sonoma County \u003ca href=\"https://upstreaminvestments.org/Microsites/Upstream%20Investments/Documents/READY/READY-Annual-Report-23-24.pdf\">lost 450 child care slots to the 2017 fires and\u003c/a> about 50% of its remaining licensed child care capacity after the COVID-19 pandemic gutted the early education workforce, according to a county report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that because the sector already struggles with low profit margins, any additional costs brought on by events like the Sonoma and Los Angeles fires can destabilize providers and lead to closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s already this lack of quality, accessible child care and when you add in an extreme weather event or natural disaster, it just kind of multiplies and exacerbates those existing problems,” said Ariel Ford, senior vice president of program impact at Child Care Aware of America, which offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.childcareaware.org/our-issues/crisis-and-disaster-resources/\">emergency preparedness, response and recovery tips\u003c/a> to its national network of child care resource organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child care is often an afterthought following a disaster, Ford said, “even though the parents are scrambling to find [it] because when you have little ones, you can’t do the work of recovery while you also have a baby on your hip.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025681\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025681\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_02536-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sally Soundara prepares lunch for the students at Fulton Community School & Farm. Soundara was on staff at the Mark West Community Preschool before fire destroyed it. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Whitlock-Hemsouvanh, community support was instrumental in helping her recover from her loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in zoning regulations and reductions in red tape allowed her to reestablish her business. She abandoned plans to rebuild the burned preschool and used money raised for that project to convert the church into a spacious preschool named \u003ca href=\"https://fultoncommunityschool.com/\">Fulton Community School & Farm\u003c/a>. Contributions from United Way Wine Country and First 5 Sonoma County helped cover the $100,000 cost of installing a fire sprinkler system to bring it up to licensing standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025674\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250204_Post-Fire-Child-Care_DMB_00170-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play on ‘woodchip mountain’ at Fulton Community School & Farm. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, a day after moving into the building in March 2020, the state ordered shutdowns to slow the spread of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a wild time, and we stayed closed for two months,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When it reopened, the preschool operated at a lower capacity as children and teachers gradually returned to in-person learning. But after seven years of turmoil, enrollment has increased, staffing has stabilized, and she has paid off debts associated with losing her preschool to the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new building is on three acres of land, giving kids plenty of room to play outside, grow the food they eat and feed goats and chickens in the garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From that time in 2017 until now has been nothing but change and recovery, and I think that it is this year finally that we’re seeing the light at the end of the tunnel,” Whitlock-Hemsouvanh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She encourages early educators to strengthen relationships in their community as they seek the help that they need. She also thinks a growing awareness of the child care crisis led voters in November to pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014476/3-local-measures-in-california-boosting-funding-for-kids-programs-on-verge-of-victory\">a quarter-cent sales tax\u003c/a> to raise about $30 million annually to fund child care and mental health services for young kids. She sees the funding as part of the long-term recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>There’s a lot more people looking at this early childhood time as a profound time in life and seeing it as valuable and worthy of investment,” she said. “I’m just hoping that that kind of momentum continues in our community. And I realize it’s not that way everywhere, but in Sonoma County and in Santa Rosa, it feels like we’re really being seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Trump Orders and Atmospheric Rivers: How Prepared Are California's Levees?",
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"headTitle": "Trump Orders and Atmospheric Rivers: How Prepared Are California’s Levees? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>First, there was President Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023248/trump-again-wades-into-california-water-use-fight-drawing-skepticism-from-experts\">executive order\u003c/a> to release billions of gallons of water from two reservoirs in the Central Valley, a move the Feds walked back after farmers and water experts decried it as \u003ca href=\"https://sjvwater.org/decision-to-dump-water-from-tulare-county-lakes-altered-after-sending-locals-in-mad-scramble/\">wasteful\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://abc30.com/post/central-california-farmers-raise-concerns-trump-orders-dam-water-release/15862080/\">ill-conceived\u003c/a> — and an unnecessary risk factor for levees in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mandate, said Nicholas Pinter, a professor of applied geoscience at UC Davis who studies California’s levees, amounted to “hydrologic insanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The volume they were initially starting to release and the lack of warning to local officials — it’s hard to characterize it as anything but insane,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came this week’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>, which keep people like Pinter on watch during California’s rainy season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the condition of California’s levees is, by and large, already precarious. In its \u003ca href=\"https://infrastructurereportcard.org/state-item/california/\">2019 infrastructure report card\u003c/a>, the American Society of Civil Engineers gave the state’s levees a ‘D,’ citing that despite significant investments, much more work is needed to rehabilitate and improve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025777/north-bay-rivers-flood-after-storm-little-time-prepare-next-round-rain\">more rain in the forecast\u003c/a>, here’s what to know about California’s levees:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are levees?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Levees are barriers constructed alongside rivers, streams and other waterways to prevent land and property from flooding, \u003ca href=\"https://levees.sec.usace.army.mil/levee-basics/what-is-a-levee/\">according to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers\u003c/a>. Levees generally take the form of either an earthen embankment or a floodwall made of concrete or other materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levees are different from dams, which are built across waterways to hold back and collect water in reservoirs. When water is released from a reservoir, it can put levees downstream to the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1981900]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the consequences of levee failure happen fast. By some accounts, \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/15429/hurricane-katrina-floods-the-southeastern-united-states\">80% of New Orleans was flooded\u003c/a> by Hurricane Katrina in 2004 due to levee breaches, with water depths reaching \u003ca href=\"https://nola.gov/nola/media/Safety-and-Permits/floodplain-management/Extent-Depth-of-Flooding-Katrina.pdf\">7 feet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, levees are managed by a patchwork of federal, state and local agencies, as well as by private landowners. This means that information about the condition of levees across the state can be difficult to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some levees were simply built haphazardly and aren’t easily found on any map or database, let alone information about their quality and current condition,” said Ann Willis, California’s regional director of American Rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the major players in levee management in the Golden State are the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which has a hand in managing approximately 2,300 miles of California levees, and the state, which manages about 1,550 miles of levees, mostly in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025921\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025921\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A construction project to stabilize and add height to the Pajaro levee takes place on Aug. 20, 2024, after a breach in the levee flooded the community of Pajaro in 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps’ National Levee Database contains information on over 1,600 federal, state and local levees in California and paints a picture of the communities those structures protect: more than 5 million Californians live behind levees, which protect about 3,000 “critical structures,” like schools, fire stations and electric substations and about 750,000 acres of agricultural land.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How safe are levees?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While levees are a common part of California’s infrastructure, Willis said it’s important to remember that at the end of the day, they’re just human-made structures trying to hold back a powerful force of nature, whether that’s an atmospheric river or 2 billion gallons released from reservoirs with little warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn’t mean all levees are on the brink of collapse, Willis said, but it’s a cause for ongoing and increasing concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are certainly areas where work and maintenance is being done to strengthen the levee system,” she said. “But that is really more of an exception. And this problem is really not going away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12023248]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trouble is, most people don’t know it. “I think people see a levee and assume that they have a level of flood protection that doesn’t exist,” she said. “Levees aren’t a guarantee. The best protection is to not be in the floodplain in the first place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the Central Valley’s levees seem to have withstood the water that flowed after Trump’s surprise executive order, the brief surge put stress on an already precarious system, Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The decision to release this much water this quickly,” she said, “increased the flood risk of the communities that the Army Corps of Engineers is tasked with protecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Pinter put it, “That risk never goes away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California saw the consequences of that risk in 2023, when a levee along the Pajaro River that was decades overdue for maintenance \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11944295/were-survivors-scenes-from-pajaro-after-the-water-finally-receded\">failed during a winter storm\u003c/a>, flooding a Monterey County community that housed a vulnerable farmworker community of about 1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That same year, winter storms \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/local-news/2023-03-22/officials-keep-eye-on-corcorans-levee-as-water-fills-tulare-lake\">threatened to breach a levee in the Central Valley town of Corcoran\u003c/a>, which would have put the city of about 22,000 underwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994168]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recent levee failures point to a growing concern in California: as climate change brings more intense storms, the state’s levees are not prepared to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no infrastructure that was built for a climate-changed future,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the bright side, Pinter noted, things have started to improve: “There is awareness in California that there was not 20 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is most at risk?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, a disproportionate number of people of color, people with less education and people living in poverty live behind levees, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023EF003619\">2023 study by the American Geophysical Union\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study found that Hispanic people were the most overrepresented group living behind levees nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, this frequently means that low-income people, migrant farmworkers and undocumented people are disproportionately impacted, according to Michael Méndez, assistant professor of environmental policy and planning at UC Irvine. Many of those at risk are in the Central Valley, where hundreds of levees protect farmland and agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our communities that are low income are not able to prepare or safeguard from these disasters because they’re not being provided with adequate resources to do so,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are some of the most disenfranchised and stigmatized populations that are seen as being less worthy of infrastructure, resilience and upgrading,” he said. “It doesn’t happen by accident or by coincidence that time and time again, the same communities are being hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "First, President Trump's order to release water from two California dams raised concerns about flooding. Then came atmospheric rivers. Are California’s levees up to the task?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>First, there was President Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023248/trump-again-wades-into-california-water-use-fight-drawing-skepticism-from-experts\">executive order\u003c/a> to release billions of gallons of water from two reservoirs in the Central Valley, a move the Feds walked back after farmers and water experts decried it as \u003ca href=\"https://sjvwater.org/decision-to-dump-water-from-tulare-county-lakes-altered-after-sending-locals-in-mad-scramble/\">wasteful\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://abc30.com/post/central-california-farmers-raise-concerns-trump-orders-dam-water-release/15862080/\">ill-conceived\u003c/a> — and an unnecessary risk factor for levees in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mandate, said Nicholas Pinter, a professor of applied geoscience at UC Davis who studies California’s levees, amounted to “hydrologic insanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The volume they were initially starting to release and the lack of warning to local officials — it’s hard to characterize it as anything but insane,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came this week’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>, which keep people like Pinter on watch during California’s rainy season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the condition of California’s levees is, by and large, already precarious. In its \u003ca href=\"https://infrastructurereportcard.org/state-item/california/\">2019 infrastructure report card\u003c/a>, the American Society of Civil Engineers gave the state’s levees a ‘D,’ citing that despite significant investments, much more work is needed to rehabilitate and improve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025777/north-bay-rivers-flood-after-storm-little-time-prepare-next-round-rain\">more rain in the forecast\u003c/a>, here’s what to know about California’s levees:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are levees?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Levees are barriers constructed alongside rivers, streams and other waterways to prevent land and property from flooding, \u003ca href=\"https://levees.sec.usace.army.mil/levee-basics/what-is-a-levee/\">according to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers\u003c/a>. Levees generally take the form of either an earthen embankment or a floodwall made of concrete or other materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levees are different from dams, which are built across waterways to hold back and collect water in reservoirs. When water is released from a reservoir, it can put levees downstream to the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the consequences of levee failure happen fast. By some accounts, \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/15429/hurricane-katrina-floods-the-southeastern-united-states\">80% of New Orleans was flooded\u003c/a> by Hurricane Katrina in 2004 due to levee breaches, with water depths reaching \u003ca href=\"https://nola.gov/nola/media/Safety-and-Permits/floodplain-management/Extent-Depth-of-Flooding-Katrina.pdf\">7 feet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, levees are managed by a patchwork of federal, state and local agencies, as well as by private landowners. This means that information about the condition of levees across the state can be difficult to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some levees were simply built haphazardly and aren’t easily found on any map or database, let alone information about their quality and current condition,” said Ann Willis, California’s regional director of American Rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the major players in levee management in the Golden State are the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which has a hand in managing approximately 2,300 miles of California levees, and the state, which manages about 1,550 miles of levees, mostly in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12025921\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12025921\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/240820-PajaroFolo-49-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A construction project to stabilize and add height to the Pajaro levee takes place on Aug. 20, 2024, after a breach in the levee flooded the community of Pajaro in 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Army Corps’ National Levee Database contains information on over 1,600 federal, state and local levees in California and paints a picture of the communities those structures protect: more than 5 million Californians live behind levees, which protect about 3,000 “critical structures,” like schools, fire stations and electric substations and about 750,000 acres of agricultural land.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How safe are levees?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While levees are a common part of California’s infrastructure, Willis said it’s important to remember that at the end of the day, they’re just human-made structures trying to hold back a powerful force of nature, whether that’s an atmospheric river or 2 billion gallons released from reservoirs with little warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn’t mean all levees are on the brink of collapse, Willis said, but it’s a cause for ongoing and increasing concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are certainly areas where work and maintenance is being done to strengthen the levee system,” she said. “But that is really more of an exception. And this problem is really not going away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trouble is, most people don’t know it. “I think people see a levee and assume that they have a level of flood protection that doesn’t exist,” she said. “Levees aren’t a guarantee. The best protection is to not be in the floodplain in the first place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the Central Valley’s levees seem to have withstood the water that flowed after Trump’s surprise executive order, the brief surge put stress on an already precarious system, Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The decision to release this much water this quickly,” she said, “increased the flood risk of the communities that the Army Corps of Engineers is tasked with protecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Pinter put it, “That risk never goes away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California saw the consequences of that risk in 2023, when a levee along the Pajaro River that was decades overdue for maintenance \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11944295/were-survivors-scenes-from-pajaro-after-the-water-finally-receded\">failed during a winter storm\u003c/a>, flooding a Monterey County community that housed a vulnerable farmworker community of about 1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That same year, winter storms \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/local-news/2023-03-22/officials-keep-eye-on-corcorans-levee-as-water-fills-tulare-lake\">threatened to breach a levee in the Central Valley town of Corcoran\u003c/a>, which would have put the city of about 22,000 underwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recent levee failures point to a growing concern in California: as climate change brings more intense storms, the state’s levees are not prepared to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no infrastructure that was built for a climate-changed future,” Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the bright side, Pinter noted, things have started to improve: “There is awareness in California that there was not 20 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is most at risk?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, a disproportionate number of people of color, people with less education and people living in poverty live behind levees, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023EF003619\">2023 study by the American Geophysical Union\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study found that Hispanic people were the most overrepresented group living behind levees nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, this frequently means that low-income people, migrant farmworkers and undocumented people are disproportionately impacted, according to Michael Méndez, assistant professor of environmental policy and planning at UC Irvine. Many of those at risk are in the Central Valley, where hundreds of levees protect farmland and agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our communities that are low income are not able to prepare or safeguard from these disasters because they’re not being provided with adequate resources to do so,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are some of the most disenfranchised and stigmatized populations that are seen as being less worthy of infrastructure, resilience and upgrading,” he said. “It doesn’t happen by accident or by coincidence that time and time again, the same communities are being hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
},
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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