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"disqusTitle": "Cal Fire: PG&E Power Lines Did Not Start Fire That Destroyed Parts of Santa Rosa",
"title": "Cal Fire: PG&E Power Lines Did Not Start Fire That Destroyed Parts of Santa Rosa",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5:45 p.m. Thursday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a 15-month investigation into the deadliest of the 2017 Northern California wildfires, Cal Fire on Thursday announced that PG&E equipment was not responsible for starting the Tubbs Fire — the catastrophic blaze that swept over the hills from just outside Calistoga into Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire killed 22 people, destroyed more than 5,000 homes and was responsible for as much as $10 billion in insured property losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cal Fire investigation found that \"a private electrical system adjacent to a residential structure\" caused the fire. The agency said that it had not found any violations of state law connected to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, which has disputed suggestions that its power lines sparked the fire, is facing hundreds of lawsuits related to the Tubbs Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a federal court filing last month, the company argued that privately maintained power lines at a home at 1128 Bennett Lane, near Highway 128 outside Calistoga — the point where the Tubbs Fire began just before 10 p.m. on Oct. 8, 2017 — sparked the deadly blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's filing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715439/pge-says-unlicensed-electrical-work-may-have-sparked-tubbs-fire-disaster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said that a caretaker on the property\u003c/a> had undertaken a series of unpermitted, unlicensed repairs on the lines and that there was evidence that equipment was involved in the start of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire's \u003ca href=\"http://calfire.ca.gov/fire_protection/downloads/FireReports/17LNU010045_tubbs_le80_Redacted.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80-page investigative report\u003c/a> says it found no evidence that PG&E equipment ignited the blaze,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's investigator on the case, John Martinez, said determining the precise cause of the fire was difficult because the blaze consumed so much of the evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez noted the presence of a privately owned power pole that may have been involved in the ignition. Martinez said the property's caretaker had described the pole as \"woodpeckered so damn bad\" that he intended to replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigator noted that the pole was nearly completely consumed in the fire, suggesting that it may have snapped and fallen onto the residence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I eliminated all other causes for the Tubbs Fire,\" Martinez wrote in his conclusion, \"with the exception of an electrical-caused fire originating from an unknown event affecting privately owned conductor (power lines) or equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire had previously determined that PG&E equipment was responsible for 18 of the more than 170 wildfires that swept Northern California in October 2017. The fire agency said it had found evidence that the utility may have violated state law in 11 of those incidents and referred cases to local prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Pitre, one of the attorneys involved in the Tubbs Fire litigation, said Thursday he was unconvinced by the Cal Fire findings on the blaze's origin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have evidence that suggests that the origin of the fire is not the place that’s identified by Cal Fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That evidence involves a pair of fuses that blew on a PG&E power pole along the road adjacent to 1128 Bennett Lane. The fuses, which melt and expel hot metal when they detect a fault on a power line, may have dropped hot metal into roadside vegetation that PG&E has acknowledged it failed to clear as required by state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, plaintiffs' investigators found evidence of metal in the area where the fuses blew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitre added that he believes PG&E should have proactively turned off the power the night of the North Bay fires -- a precautionary step it didn't start taking until last fall's fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If PG&E had implemented a de-energization policy and been proactive, we never would have had the Tubbs Fire,\" Pitre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patrick McCallum, who lost his home in the Tubbs Fire and has been lobbying on behalf of fire victims in the state Capitol for the past year, agreed that the Cal Fire report isn't the last word in the fight between the utility and fire victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My first thought was, 'Oh my God, what is this going to do for the victims [whose] ... ability to restore their lives and rebuild were dependent on this,' \" he said. \"Then my rational side came in -- and it's not over.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCallum noted that many of the people in Sonoma County were underinsured, because of the high property costs, and so are depending on being able to sue PG&E to make up the difference. He said Tubbs Fire victims should contact their lawyers and keep fighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as Nov. 5, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/75488/000100498018000015/pge-093018x10q.htm#s3DC8A6F7961A529692A36201BF7CAE60\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a quarterly filing\u003c/a> with the Securities and Exchange Commission, PG&E said the company had concluded it was \"probable\" it would incur losses due to claims arising from some of the October 2017 blazes -- including the Redwood Fire in Mendocino County, which killed nine people, and Nuns Fire in Sonoma County, which killed three. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commenting on several other wildfires, including the Tubbs Fire, PG&E said in the same document it had \"not concluded that a loss arising from those fires is probable\" -- a judgment the company said could change as new facts emerged. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">PG&E Bankruptcy: How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/01/14/PGEWorkersLift.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the utility earlier this month \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718176/what-does-pges-bankruptcy-mean-for-you\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> it plans to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection because it faces at least $30 billion in potential liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those possible liabilities stem from other fires that started in October 2017 and from last November's Camp Fire in Butte County, which killed 86 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes in and around the community of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after Cal Fire's announcement on the Tubbs Fire, PG&E emphasized the legal and financial hurdles ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Regardless of today’s announcement, PG&E still faces extensive litigation, significant potential liabilities and a deteriorating financial situation,” the company said. \"Resolving the legal liabilities and financial challenges stemming from the 2017 and 2018 wildfires will be enormously complex and will require us to address multiple stakeholder interests, including thousands of wildfire victims and others who have already made claims and likely thousands of others we expect to make claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's declared intention to seek bankruptcy protection has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719917/pge-says-bankruptcy-could-take-3-years-as-shareholders-fight-filing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drawn criticism\u003c/a> from investors who say the company remains solvent and is failing in its duty to shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The news from Cal Fire that PG&E did not cause the devastating 2017 Tubbs Fire is yet another example of why the company shouldn't be rushing to file for bankruptcy, which would be totally unnecessary and bad for all stakeholders,” said a spokesperson for BlueMountain Capital Management, an investor critical of the bankruptcy plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victims like McCallum are also skeptical that PG&E actually needs to file for Chapter 11 protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The very strength of the lawsuits against PG&E helps the company argue for bankruptcy, said Stanford law professor Robert Rabin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A strong case can be made out that faulty maintenance and faulty attention to vegetation surrounding the power lines was negligent, perhaps grossly negligent, on the part of PG&E,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if a bankruptcy judge consolidates some of the hundreds of lawsuits against PG&E, fire victims could see smaller settlements. That's why Rabin expects to see fire plaintiffs, their lawyers and shareholders continue to fight the possible bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would like to see their clients reimbursed for as close to complete recovery of the loss that they suffered as they could,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California Gov. Gavin Newsom said only PG&E leadership can answer the question of whether bankruptcy protection is necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They will make that determination. The state of California cannot make that determination for them. They have the right to make that determination and we will respond accordingly,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/PCG?p=PCG&.tsrc=fin-srch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PG&E shares,\u003c/a> which have been battered since the company disclosed its equipment might have been involved in igniting the Camp Fire last Nov. 8, were up 75 percent in the hours after Cal Fire released its Tubbs Fire report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he remains in constant contact with PG&E leaders, and remains focused on supporting wildfire victims and ratepayers. But if the company's finances get handed over to a bankruptcy court next week, it's unclear how much power Newsom -- or any other state leaders -- will be able to exert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Marisa Lagos, Lily Jamali, Lisa Pickoff-White and Ted Goldberg contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Investigators find that improperly maintained power lines on private property likely sparked the Tubbs Fire, which killed 22 people and destroyed more than 5,000 homes in Sonoma County. ",
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"description": "Investigators find that improperly maintained power lines on private property likely sparked the Tubbs Fire, which killed 22 people and destroyed more than 5,000 homes in Sonoma County. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5:45 p.m. Thursday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a 15-month investigation into the deadliest of the 2017 Northern California wildfires, Cal Fire on Thursday announced that PG&E equipment was not responsible for starting the Tubbs Fire — the catastrophic blaze that swept over the hills from just outside Calistoga into Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire killed 22 people, destroyed more than 5,000 homes and was responsible for as much as $10 billion in insured property losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cal Fire investigation found that \"a private electrical system adjacent to a residential structure\" caused the fire. The agency said that it had not found any violations of state law connected to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, which has disputed suggestions that its power lines sparked the fire, is facing hundreds of lawsuits related to the Tubbs Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a federal court filing last month, the company argued that privately maintained power lines at a home at 1128 Bennett Lane, near Highway 128 outside Calistoga — the point where the Tubbs Fire began just before 10 p.m. on Oct. 8, 2017 — sparked the deadly blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's filing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715439/pge-says-unlicensed-electrical-work-may-have-sparked-tubbs-fire-disaster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said that a caretaker on the property\u003c/a> had undertaken a series of unpermitted, unlicensed repairs on the lines and that there was evidence that equipment was involved in the start of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire's \u003ca href=\"http://calfire.ca.gov/fire_protection/downloads/FireReports/17LNU010045_tubbs_le80_Redacted.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80-page investigative report\u003c/a> says it found no evidence that PG&E equipment ignited the blaze,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's investigator on the case, John Martinez, said determining the precise cause of the fire was difficult because the blaze consumed so much of the evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez noted the presence of a privately owned power pole that may have been involved in the ignition. Martinez said the property's caretaker had described the pole as \"woodpeckered so damn bad\" that he intended to replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigator noted that the pole was nearly completely consumed in the fire, suggesting that it may have snapped and fallen onto the residence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I eliminated all other causes for the Tubbs Fire,\" Martinez wrote in his conclusion, \"with the exception of an electrical-caused fire originating from an unknown event affecting privately owned conductor (power lines) or equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire had previously determined that PG&E equipment was responsible for 18 of the more than 170 wildfires that swept Northern California in October 2017. The fire agency said it had found evidence that the utility may have violated state law in 11 of those incidents and referred cases to local prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Pitre, one of the attorneys involved in the Tubbs Fire litigation, said Thursday he was unconvinced by the Cal Fire findings on the blaze's origin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have evidence that suggests that the origin of the fire is not the place that’s identified by Cal Fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That evidence involves a pair of fuses that blew on a PG&E power pole along the road adjacent to 1128 Bennett Lane. The fuses, which melt and expel hot metal when they detect a fault on a power line, may have dropped hot metal into roadside vegetation that PG&E has acknowledged it failed to clear as required by state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, plaintiffs' investigators found evidence of metal in the area where the fuses blew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitre added that he believes PG&E should have proactively turned off the power the night of the North Bay fires -- a precautionary step it didn't start taking until last fall's fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If PG&E had implemented a de-energization policy and been proactive, we never would have had the Tubbs Fire,\" Pitre said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patrick McCallum, who lost his home in the Tubbs Fire and has been lobbying on behalf of fire victims in the state Capitol for the past year, agreed that the Cal Fire report isn't the last word in the fight between the utility and fire victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My first thought was, 'Oh my God, what is this going to do for the victims [whose] ... ability to restore their lives and rebuild were dependent on this,' \" he said. \"Then my rational side came in -- and it's not over.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCallum noted that many of the people in Sonoma County were underinsured, because of the high property costs, and so are depending on being able to sue PG&E to make up the difference. He said Tubbs Fire victims should contact their lawyers and keep fighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as Nov. 5, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/75488/000100498018000015/pge-093018x10q.htm#s3DC8A6F7961A529692A36201BF7CAE60\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a quarterly filing\u003c/a> with the Securities and Exchange Commission, PG&E said the company had concluded it was \"probable\" it would incur losses due to claims arising from some of the October 2017 blazes -- including the Redwood Fire in Mendocino County, which killed nine people, and Nuns Fire in Sonoma County, which killed three. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commenting on several other wildfires, including the Tubbs Fire, PG&E said in the same document it had \"not concluded that a loss arising from those fires is probable\" -- a judgment the company said could change as new facts emerged. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">PG&E Bankruptcy: How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/01/14/PGEWorkersLift.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the utility earlier this month \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718176/what-does-pges-bankruptcy-mean-for-you\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> it plans to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection because it faces at least $30 billion in potential liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those possible liabilities stem from other fires that started in October 2017 and from last November's Camp Fire in Butte County, which killed 86 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes in and around the community of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after Cal Fire's announcement on the Tubbs Fire, PG&E emphasized the legal and financial hurdles ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Regardless of today’s announcement, PG&E still faces extensive litigation, significant potential liabilities and a deteriorating financial situation,” the company said. \"Resolving the legal liabilities and financial challenges stemming from the 2017 and 2018 wildfires will be enormously complex and will require us to address multiple stakeholder interests, including thousands of wildfire victims and others who have already made claims and likely thousands of others we expect to make claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's declared intention to seek bankruptcy protection has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719917/pge-says-bankruptcy-could-take-3-years-as-shareholders-fight-filing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drawn criticism\u003c/a> from investors who say the company remains solvent and is failing in its duty to shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The news from Cal Fire that PG&E did not cause the devastating 2017 Tubbs Fire is yet another example of why the company shouldn't be rushing to file for bankruptcy, which would be totally unnecessary and bad for all stakeholders,” said a spokesperson for BlueMountain Capital Management, an investor critical of the bankruptcy plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victims like McCallum are also skeptical that PG&E actually needs to file for Chapter 11 protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The very strength of the lawsuits against PG&E helps the company argue for bankruptcy, said Stanford law professor Robert Rabin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A strong case can be made out that faulty maintenance and faulty attention to vegetation surrounding the power lines was negligent, perhaps grossly negligent, on the part of PG&E,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if a bankruptcy judge consolidates some of the hundreds of lawsuits against PG&E, fire victims could see smaller settlements. That's why Rabin expects to see fire plaintiffs, their lawyers and shareholders continue to fight the possible bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would like to see their clients reimbursed for as close to complete recovery of the loss that they suffered as they could,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California Gov. Gavin Newsom said only PG&E leadership can answer the question of whether bankruptcy protection is necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They will make that determination. The state of California cannot make that determination for them. They have the right to make that determination and we will respond accordingly,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/PCG?p=PCG&.tsrc=fin-srch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PG&E shares,\u003c/a> which have been battered since the company disclosed its equipment might have been involved in igniting the Camp Fire last Nov. 8, were up 75 percent in the hours after Cal Fire released its Tubbs Fire report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he remains in constant contact with PG&E leaders, and remains focused on supporting wildfire victims and ratepayers. But if the company's finances get handed over to a bankruptcy court next week, it's unclear how much power Newsom -- or any other state leaders -- will be able to exert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Marisa Lagos, Lily Jamali, Lisa Pickoff-White and Ted Goldberg contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>A View of The Shutdown from Both Sides of the Aisle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the shutdown enters its 34th day we thought we'd check in with two members of California's Congressional delegation to hear their thoughts about where we are and where we're going. Republican Tom McClintock represents California's 4th Congressional District, which includes part of Lake Tahoe in the North to Kings Canyon National Park to the South. Democrat Adam Schiff represents California's 28th Congressional District, which includes Burbank, West Hollywood and Pasadena.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guests: Tom McClintock and Adam Schiff\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Oakland Teachers Consider Strike\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles teachers strike over, but now teachers in Oakland are looking down state for inspiration as they vote next week on whether to authorize a walkout of their own.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Vanessa Rancano\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11720239/federal-prosecutors-urge-judge-to-back-off-on-tough-new-measures-against-pge\">Federal Prosecutors Urge Judge to Back Off on Tough New Measures Against PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both PG&E and federal prosecutors are urging a federal judge to reconsider requirements imposed to ensure the utility's electrical facilities are wildfire safe.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will Climate Change Affect Big Business?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Big corporate firms, including some of California's biggest companies, say they're seriously concerned with how climate change could affect their day-to-day business.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Christopher Flavelle\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"description": "A View of The Shutdown from Both Sides of the Aisle As the shutdown enters its 34th day we thought we'd check in with two members of California's Congressional delegation to hear their thoughts about where we are and where we're going. Republican Tom McClintock represents California's 4th Congressional District, which includes part of Lake",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>A View of The Shutdown from Both Sides of the Aisle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the shutdown enters its 34th day we thought we'd check in with two members of California's Congressional delegation to hear their thoughts about where we are and where we're going. Republican Tom McClintock represents California's 4th Congressional District, which includes part of Lake Tahoe in the North to Kings Canyon National Park to the South. Democrat Adam Schiff represents California's 28th Congressional District, which includes Burbank, West Hollywood and Pasadena.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guests: Tom McClintock and Adam Schiff\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Oakland Teachers Consider Strike\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles teachers strike over, but now teachers in Oakland are looking down state for inspiration as they vote next week on whether to authorize a walkout of their own.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Vanessa Rancano\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11720239/federal-prosecutors-urge-judge-to-back-off-on-tough-new-measures-against-pge\">Federal Prosecutors Urge Judge to Back Off on Tough New Measures Against PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both PG&E and federal prosecutors are urging a federal judge to reconsider requirements imposed to ensure the utility's electrical facilities are wildfire safe.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will Climate Change Affect Big Business?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Big corporate firms, including some of California's biggest companies, say they're seriously concerned with how climate change could affect their day-to-day business.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Christopher Flavelle\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday Jan. 24, 10 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council unanimously approved an ordinance Tuesday night that will require restaurants and cafes to use to-go foodware that's compostable beginning next year — and by mid-2020 to provide only reusable dishes and utensils for patrons dining in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance will also require customers to pay a 25-cent fee, starting Jan. 1, 2020, for disposable cups, a fee that can be bypassed if customers bring in their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sophie Hahn, the Berkeley City Council member behind what's being called the most ambitious legislation in the country aimed at reducing throwaway food containers and utensils, called the ordinance both environmentally and fiscally sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of costs that go into creating, consuming and then dealing with the waste associated with single-use disposable foodware — that is throwaway foodware — and their cost is not just to our environment but also to our cities and municipalities,\" Hahn said. \"We spend a lot of money dealing with this littering garbage, and it's time for us to turn that around, both for the environment, for our cities and for our citizens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hahn said other local governments have shown an interest in replicating the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even during the time that we were developing this policy, we were already getting calls from people in other cities ... from Sierra Clubs ... and now that it's passed, I expect that we'll be getting a lot more,\" Hahn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government officials in San Mateo County, Richmond and Piedmont have reached out to Berkeley Mayor Jesse Arreguín’s office, expressing interest in pursuing similar laws, according to Karina Ioffee, a spokeswoman for Arreguín.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stuart Baker, executive director of the Telegraph Business Improvement District, said in a written statement he appreciated that business interest concerns were incorporated into the ordinance in the year it was developed. Baker said the district would work to make the initiative successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one concern was the timing of the passage of the legislation, which comes after an October increase in the Berkeley minimum wage to $15 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming right on the heels of a big minimum wage increase, it is a challenge for many merchants to deal with an expense that may also force them to raise prices,” Baker said. “Telegraph [Avenue] caters to cost-conscious students, a group often most sensitive to price increases — when food is less expensive to begin with, the increase seem bigger as a percentage of the cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance calls for city officials to help local businesses abide by the new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say the ordinance is backed by a coalition of more than 1,400 local, national and international organizations participating in the global Break Free From Plastic Movement, including UpStream, The Story of Stuff Project, the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives, the Plastic Pollution Coalition and the Surfrider Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CALPIRG Students, an advocacy group at the University of California, said it worked to get the ordinance passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are proud that the City of Berkeley continues to lead the way in waste reduction policy and look forward to continuing to push the envelope on this important issue,\" says Nicole Haynes, the campaign coordinator for CALPIRG's Plastic Free campaign, in a statement. \"Nothing we use for five minutes should pollute our oceans for hundreds of years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday Jan. 24, 10 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council unanimously approved an ordinance Tuesday night that will require restaurants and cafes to use to-go foodware that's compostable beginning next year — and by mid-2020 to provide only reusable dishes and utensils for patrons dining in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance will also require customers to pay a 25-cent fee, starting Jan. 1, 2020, for disposable cups, a fee that can be bypassed if customers bring in their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sophie Hahn, the Berkeley City Council member behind what's being called the most ambitious legislation in the country aimed at reducing throwaway food containers and utensils, called the ordinance both environmentally and fiscally sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of costs that go into creating, consuming and then dealing with the waste associated with single-use disposable foodware — that is throwaway foodware — and their cost is not just to our environment but also to our cities and municipalities,\" Hahn said. \"We spend a lot of money dealing with this littering garbage, and it's time for us to turn that around, both for the environment, for our cities and for our citizens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hahn said other local governments have shown an interest in replicating the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even during the time that we were developing this policy, we were already getting calls from people in other cities ... from Sierra Clubs ... and now that it's passed, I expect that we'll be getting a lot more,\" Hahn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government officials in San Mateo County, Richmond and Piedmont have reached out to Berkeley Mayor Jesse Arreguín’s office, expressing interest in pursuing similar laws, according to Karina Ioffee, a spokeswoman for Arreguín.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stuart Baker, executive director of the Telegraph Business Improvement District, said in a written statement he appreciated that business interest concerns were incorporated into the ordinance in the year it was developed. Baker said the district would work to make the initiative successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one concern was the timing of the passage of the legislation, which comes after an October increase in the Berkeley minimum wage to $15 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming right on the heels of a big minimum wage increase, it is a challenge for many merchants to deal with an expense that may also force them to raise prices,” Baker said. “Telegraph [Avenue] caters to cost-conscious students, a group often most sensitive to price increases — when food is less expensive to begin with, the increase seem bigger as a percentage of the cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance calls for city officials to help local businesses abide by the new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say the ordinance is backed by a coalition of more than 1,400 local, national and international organizations participating in the global Break Free From Plastic Movement, including UpStream, The Story of Stuff Project, the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives, the Plastic Pollution Coalition and the Surfrider Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CALPIRG Students, an advocacy group at the University of California, said it worked to get the ordinance passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are proud that the City of Berkeley continues to lead the way in waste reduction policy and look forward to continuing to push the envelope on this important issue,\" says Nicole Haynes, the campaign coordinator for CALPIRG's Plastic Free campaign, in a statement. \"Nothing we use for five minutes should pollute our oceans for hundreds of years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "SF Activists to Newsom: Ditch Camp Fire Cleanup Deal with Controversial Firm",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published Jan. 11 and updated Jan. 22.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small group of Bayview-Hunters Point residents and local activists gathered outside the California State Building in San Francisco Monday, urging Gov. Gavin Newsom to dump a large Camp Fire cleanup contract recently awarded to a company accused of widespread fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early January, a state disaster agency selected Tetra Tech, Inc. for a contract valued at about $250 million to remove debris from the massive area in Butte County destroyed by the November blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision, though, is being challenged by a range of community activists and local elected officials, who have raised serious concerns about the company’s integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tetra Tetra EC, a subsidiary of the larger firm, faces accusations that it falsified soil testing data at the former Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, where it was hired by the Navy more than 15 years ago — and paid upwards of $280 million — to remove radioactive material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two former cleanup employees working for the subsidiary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717685/firm-involved-in-sf-shipyard-controversy-awarded-huge-state-contract-for-campfire-cleanup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were sentenced to prison\u003c/a> last year after admitting to fabricating soil testing results at the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last week, the U.S. Justice Department filed suit against the subsidiary, accusing its top managers of ordering employees to commit widespread fraud during the shipyard cleanup effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tetra Tech’s fraud was initiated and directed by Tetra Tech’s corporate managers,” the Justice Department said \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5684913-28-Main.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in federal court documents filed last week.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people in Butte County need to know that Tetra Tech defrauded Hunters Point,” said Charles Bonner, an attorney who filed a class-action lawsuit against the company on behalf of Hunters Point residents in May and helped lead the rally on Monday. “They’ve defrauded other communities. And they will definitely defraud the people in Butte County … They make money by taking the money and not doing the cleanup job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hunters Point residents involved in the suit claim to have suffered major health impacts as a result of the company’s fraudulent reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11661883\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11661883 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-800x515.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1200x773.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-960x618.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-240x155.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-375x242.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-520x335.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge.jpg 1863w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For its part, Tetra Tech, Inc., the parent company, has repeatedly denied wrongdoing at the former shipyard, arguing that any deception was committed by a few “rogue” employees employed by its subsidiary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/Contracts/Advertisement/1944\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CalRecyle\u003c/a>, the state agency in charge of wildfire cleanup that selected the firm for the Camp Fire contract, said in a statement that it had determined the firm was both “responsive and responsible while offering CalRecycle the lowest project price.” Tetra Tech, Inc. (the parent company) was awarded the job after a competitive public bidding process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Newsom’s office hasn’t officially responded to concerns about the Tetra Tech contract, but a spokesman noted the contract was awarded under the previous administration and that, regardless, the governor does not have the unilateral authority to cancel state contracts. He also noted that only two firms submitted bids for the contract, given the dearth of companies that take on this degree of cleanup work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>November’s Camp Fire, the most destructive wildfire ever recorded in California, killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes in and around the foothill town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleanup of the 240-square-mile area charred by the fire will be a massive undertaking, involving the removal of millions of tons of debris and potentially toxic material, in what is expected to ultimately cost upwards of $3 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/green/article/Suspect-shipyard-contractor-gets-huge-state-13521866.php\">San Francisco Chronicle recently reported\u003c/a>, CalRecycle has leaned heavily on Tetra Tech, the parent company, in the past year for help with other fire cleanups. Its crews have been sent to remove debris following the Carr Fire in Shasta County \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a $14.4 million contract) \u003c/span>and the Mendocino Complex Fire ($1.5 million).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current $250 million job, though, is the largest single award for wildfire cleanup CalRecycle has doled out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisor Shamann Walton, who represents the Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, called the decision to hire Tetra Tech shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a little bit troublesome that an entity that definitely was caught being fraudulent has another opportunity to be rewarded with a contract and to continue to oversee and do some of the testing in other areas in our state,” he said . “I can tell you that I will do everything in my power to make sure Tetra Tech never has an opportunity to work here in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two former cleanup employees working for the subsidiary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717685/firm-involved-in-sf-shipyard-controversy-awarded-huge-state-contract-for-campfire-cleanup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were sentenced to prison\u003c/a> last year after admitting to fabricating soil testing results at the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last week, the U.S. Justice Department filed suit against the subsidiary, accusing its top managers of ordering employees to commit widespread fraud during the shipyard cleanup effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tetra Tech’s fraud was initiated and directed by Tetra Tech’s corporate managers,” the Justice Department said \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5684913-28-Main.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in federal court documents filed last week.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people in Butte County need to know that Tetra Tech defrauded Hunters Point,” said Charles Bonner, an attorney who filed a class-action lawsuit against the company on behalf of Hunters Point residents in May and helped lead the rally on Monday. “They’ve defrauded other communities. And they will definitely defraud the people in Butte County … They make money by taking the money and not doing the cleanup job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hunters Point residents involved in the suit claim to have suffered major health impacts as a result of the company’s fraudulent reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11661883\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11661883 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"An aerial view of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-800x515.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1200x773.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-960x618.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-240x155.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-375x242.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge-520x335.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ShipyardLarge.jpg 1863w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For its part, Tetra Tech, Inc., the parent company, has repeatedly denied wrongdoing at the former shipyard, arguing that any deception was committed by a few “rogue” employees employed by its subsidiary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/Contracts/Advertisement/1944\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CalRecyle\u003c/a>, the state agency in charge of wildfire cleanup that selected the firm for the Camp Fire contract, said in a statement that it had determined the firm was both “responsive and responsible while offering CalRecycle the lowest project price.” Tetra Tech, Inc. (the parent company) was awarded the job after a competitive public bidding process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Newsom’s office hasn’t officially responded to concerns about the Tetra Tech contract, but a spokesman noted the contract was awarded under the previous administration and that, regardless, the governor does not have the unilateral authority to cancel state contracts. He also noted that only two firms submitted bids for the contract, given the dearth of companies that take on this degree of cleanup work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>November’s Camp Fire, the most destructive wildfire ever recorded in California, killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes in and around the foothill town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleanup of the 240-square-mile area charred by the fire will be a massive undertaking, involving the removal of millions of tons of debris and potentially toxic material, in what is expected to ultimately cost upwards of $3 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/green/article/Suspect-shipyard-contractor-gets-huge-state-13521866.php\">San Francisco Chronicle recently reported\u003c/a>, CalRecycle has leaned heavily on Tetra Tech, the parent company, in the past year for help with other fire cleanups. Its crews have been sent to remove debris following the Carr Fire in Shasta County \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a $14.4 million contract) \u003c/span>and the Mendocino Complex Fire ($1.5 million).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current $250 million job, though, is the largest single award for wildfire cleanup CalRecycle has doled out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisor Shamann Walton, who represents the Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, called the decision to hire Tetra Tech shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a little bit troublesome that an entity that definitely was caught being fraudulent has another opportunity to be rewarded with a contract and to continue to oversee and do some of the testing in other areas in our state,” he said . “I can tell you that I will do everything in my power to make sure Tetra Tech never has an opportunity to work here in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "PG&E Says Bankruptcy Could Take 3 Years as Shareholders Fight Filing",
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"content": "\u003cp>A week after announcing that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717965/pge-announces-plans-for-bankruptcy-protection\">the company will file for bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> at month's end, Pacific Gas and Electric officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/75488/000095015719000075/form8-k.htm\">said they have secured financing\u003c/a> to continue safe operations while the Chapter 11 case proceeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, PG&E wrote that it entered into an agreement with four major banks to provide $5.5 billion in \"debtor-in-possession,\" or DIP loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">PG&E Bankruptcy: How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/01/14/PGEWorkersLift.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E expects that the DIP Facilities will provide it with sufficient liquidity to fund its ongoing operations, including its ability to provide safe service to customers during the Chapter 11 cases,\" the filing states, adding that the company expects the Chapter 11 proceedings to take two years, but that the loans could be extended to a third year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the latest twist in a bankruptcy case that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718176/what-does-pges-bankruptcy-mean-for-you\">could have huge implications\u003c/a> for California ratepayers, fire victims and the state's fight against climate change. PG&E announced on Jan. 14 that it plans to file for Chapter 11 protections around Jan. 29, citing the more than $30 billion in potential liabilities from a series of devastating wildfires that the company is suspected of starting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filing will also have huge repercussions for PG&E's shareholders — including New York-based BlueMountain Capital Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most investors have bailed on PG&E since November's deadly Camp Fire in Butte County, the hedge fund has more than doubled its stake, and says it currently holds about 2 percent of outstanding shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one of the firm's leaders told KQED that entering Chapter 11 doesn't make sense for PG&E — at least not yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There hasn't been a single judgment issued against the company from the 2017 or 2018 wildfire claims. Many of them are in pretrial orders, which could take a few years,\" said Omar Vaishnavi, a partner at BlueMountain Capital Management, in an exclusive interview with KQED's \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even when a decision happens against the company in the future, the company could appeal that decision, which means that these cases could go on for four or five, even up to 10 years in some cases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718123/s-f-considers-buying-some-of-pges-infrastructure-in-wake-of-bankruptcy-plans\">S.F. Considers Buying Some of PG&E’s Infrastructure in Wake of Bankruptcy Plans\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718123/s-f-considers-buying-some-of-pges-infrastructure-in-wake-of-bankruptcy-plans\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/PGETrucksSF-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In addition to questioning the rush to enter into bankruptcy protection, Vaishnavi takes issue with the utility's estimate that the liability it faces from those fires could exceed $30 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's multiple avenues to reduce those liabilities from that $30 billion figure to something much lower than that,\" Vaishnavi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The options include settling claims to lower the amount it ultimately pays out, as Sempra Energy's San Diego Gas & Electric did following a devastating fire in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PG&E's liabilities could still end up being higher than the company is currently worth. While its investigation into the Camp Fire's cause is ongoing, Cal Fire has already ruled that PG&E equipment was involved in at least 18 of the more than 170 fires that swept Northern California in October 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Vaishnavi argues, PG&E is far more valuable than it's worth on paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E is one of the largest and most attractive utilities in the country,\" he said. \"It starts with where it's located. It's in California, and one of the most important initiatives California has outlined is growth in clean energy. PG&E is very important to ensure that growth plan.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A week after announcing that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717965/pge-announces-plans-for-bankruptcy-protection\">the company will file for bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> at month's end, Pacific Gas and Electric officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/75488/000095015719000075/form8-k.htm\">said they have secured financing\u003c/a> to continue safe operations while the Chapter 11 case proceeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, PG&E wrote that it entered into an agreement with four major banks to provide $5.5 billion in \"debtor-in-possession,\" or DIP loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">PG&E Bankruptcy: How We Got Here\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/01/14/PGEWorkersLift.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E expects that the DIP Facilities will provide it with sufficient liquidity to fund its ongoing operations, including its ability to provide safe service to customers during the Chapter 11 cases,\" the filing states, adding that the company expects the Chapter 11 proceedings to take two years, but that the loans could be extended to a third year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the latest twist in a bankruptcy case that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718176/what-does-pges-bankruptcy-mean-for-you\">could have huge implications\u003c/a> for California ratepayers, fire victims and the state's fight against climate change. PG&E announced on Jan. 14 that it plans to file for Chapter 11 protections around Jan. 29, citing the more than $30 billion in potential liabilities from a series of devastating wildfires that the company is suspected of starting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filing will also have huge repercussions for PG&E's shareholders — including New York-based BlueMountain Capital Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most investors have bailed on PG&E since November's deadly Camp Fire in Butte County, the hedge fund has more than doubled its stake, and says it currently holds about 2 percent of outstanding shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one of the firm's leaders told KQED that entering Chapter 11 doesn't make sense for PG&E — at least not yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There hasn't been a single judgment issued against the company from the 2017 or 2018 wildfire claims. Many of them are in pretrial orders, which could take a few years,\" said Omar Vaishnavi, a partner at BlueMountain Capital Management, in an exclusive interview with KQED's \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even when a decision happens against the company in the future, the company could appeal that decision, which means that these cases could go on for four or five, even up to 10 years in some cases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718123/s-f-considers-buying-some-of-pges-infrastructure-in-wake-of-bankruptcy-plans\">S.F. Considers Buying Some of PG&E’s Infrastructure in Wake of Bankruptcy Plans\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718123/s-f-considers-buying-some-of-pges-infrastructure-in-wake-of-bankruptcy-plans\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/PGETrucksSF-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In addition to questioning the rush to enter into bankruptcy protection, Vaishnavi takes issue with the utility's estimate that the liability it faces from those fires could exceed $30 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's multiple avenues to reduce those liabilities from that $30 billion figure to something much lower than that,\" Vaishnavi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The options include settling claims to lower the amount it ultimately pays out, as Sempra Energy's San Diego Gas & Electric did following a devastating fire in 2007.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But PG&E's liabilities could still end up being higher than the company is currently worth. While its investigation into the Camp Fire's cause is ongoing, Cal Fire has already ruled that PG&E equipment was involved in at least 18 of the more than 170 fires that swept Northern California in October 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Vaishnavi argues, PG&E is far more valuable than it's worth on paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E is one of the largest and most attractive utilities in the country,\" he said. \"It starts with where it's located. It's in California, and one of the most important initiatives California has outlined is growth in clean energy. PG&E is very important to ensure that growth plan.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11719917/pge-says-bankruptcy-could-take-3-years-as-shareholders-fight-filing\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Why PG&E Shareholders and Ratepayers Now on the Same Team\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ever since PG&E threatened to declare bankruptcy, an unusual thing has happened: Groups that are almost always at odds – PG&E shareholders and ratepayers – find themselves on the same side against the utility. You can add fire victims to that unofficial coalition as well. PG&E shares have lost most of their value since November’s Camp Fire in Butte County. But a hedge fund in Manhattan kept on buying. It now has a 2 percent stake and a lot to lose if PG&E enters bankruptcy protection. Now, they’re making a very public case in a letter to PG&E’s board that filing for bankruptcy doesn’t make sense.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Guest: Omar Vaishnavi, Partner at BlueMountain Capital Management\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>L.A. Teachers Strike in its Second Week\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This holiday weekend saw marathon negotiation sessions between the LAUSD and the UTLA and there is still no agreement. The office of Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti says the latest bargaining session lasted 21 hours and ended early this morning. The mayor's office says negotiators plan to reconvene at 9:15 a.m. For picketing teachers the strike means no paycheck, and for many parents, it means a patchwork of childcare.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Caleigh Wells\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Renewed Push for Medication Abortions at UC and CSU Campuses\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers will soon begin debate on whether health clinics at UC and CSU campuses should provide medication abortions. If passed, California would be the first state in the country to require public universities to do so.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: April Dembosky\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>A diver in California has stumbled on an unexpected source of plastic waste in the ocean: golf balls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the balls degrade, they can emit toxic chemicals. And there appear to be lots of them in certain places underwater — right next to coastal golf courses. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, a 16-year old diver named Alex Weber was swimming off Pebble Beach along the Pacific near Carmel, Calif. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dad raised me underwater,” says Weber, and she means it. She’s a free diver: no scuba tanks; she just holds her breath. She was diving in a small cove and looked down and saw something weird. “You couldn’t see the sand,” she recalls, still sounding incredulous. “It was completely white.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White with golf balls. “You looked down and you’re like, ‘What are you doing here?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were thousands of them. “It felt like a shot to the heart,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was offended. Right then, she decided to haul them up. Thus began a Sisyphean task that went on for months: She and her father would haul hundreds of pounds of them up, and then of course more golfers would hit more into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took what she and her father collected back home. “I had all of these golf balls in the garage,” she says. “And they stank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she heard about a Stanford University scientist, \u003ca href=\"https://matthewsavocaecology.weebly.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Matt Savoca\u003c/a>, who studied plastic waste in the ocean. She emailed him, and he came to look at her collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fifty thousand golf balls, just sitting in the garage,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Savoca was impressed. Weber recalls that he turned to her and said, ” ‘You should write a paper about this,’ and I was like, ‘Matt, I’m 16 years old. I don’t know how to write a scientific paper!’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would help, which meant diving with her. Not easy. “The oceans off California are actually quite cold, so you suit up in a pretty thick wetsuit,” he says. “It’s incredibly physically demanding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They took kayaks out to ferry the golf balls back. “Once you recover many, many golf balls, you put them on the kayak,” he explains. Adds Weber: “We’ll have the kayaks so filled with plastic that we’ll end up just having to tow the kayaks — we’ll have to swim (them) to shore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are sharks in the water there, but Savoca says that wasn’t the real threat. “When we were out there,” he says, “We’d hear, ‘plink, plink,’ and we’d look up on the hill and there’d be golf balls flying in off the course right into the ocean where we were doing collections.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the aerial barrage, they kept at it, says Weber. “Whenever we had good conditions, we were able to pull out between, like, 500 to 5,000 golf balls,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over two years, they found more than 50,000 golf balls. The source: five golf courses. Two along the coastline, and three up the Carmel River — those golf balls rolled underwater down the river to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the journal \u003cem>Marine Pollution Bulletin,\u003c/em> the team notes that golf balls are coated with a thin polyurethane shell that degrades over time. They also contain zinc compounds that are toxic. Savoca points out that the surf and currents act like a rock grinder and break down the golf balls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While chemicals from 50,000 or so golf balls will have only a small effect on the ocean, Savoca says they do degrade into \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/08/20/636845604/beer-drinking-water-and-fish-tiny-plastic-is-everywhere\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">microplastic pieces\u003c/a> that marine animals could eat. The team also notes that there are lots of coastal golf courses around the world, so this may go beyond California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Weber, now 18 and a published author in a scientific journal, plans to apply to university to study marine science. In the meantime, she is still collecting, and keeping up her\u003ca href=\"https://www.theplasticpick-up.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> website\u003c/a>. She says it is too bad the golf balls sink. If they floated, people would be shocked and outraged. “If a person could see what we see underwater,” she says, “it would not be acceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were thousands of them. “It felt like a shot to the heart,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was offended. Right then, she decided to haul them up. Thus began a Sisyphean task that went on for months: She and her father would haul hundreds of pounds of them up, and then of course more golfers would hit more into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took what she and her father collected back home. “I had all of these golf balls in the garage,” she says. “And they stank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she heard about a Stanford University scientist, \u003ca href=\"https://matthewsavocaecology.weebly.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Matt Savoca\u003c/a>, who studied plastic waste in the ocean. She emailed him, and he came to look at her collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fifty thousand golf balls, just sitting in the garage,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Savoca was impressed. Weber recalls that he turned to her and said, ” ‘You should write a paper about this,’ and I was like, ‘Matt, I’m 16 years old. I don’t know how to write a scientific paper!’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would help, which meant diving with her. Not easy. “The oceans off California are actually quite cold, so you suit up in a pretty thick wetsuit,” he says. “It’s incredibly physically demanding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They took kayaks out to ferry the golf balls back. “Once you recover many, many golf balls, you put them on the kayak,” he explains. Adds Weber: “We’ll have the kayaks so filled with plastic that we’ll end up just having to tow the kayaks — we’ll have to swim (them) to shore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are sharks in the water there, but Savoca says that wasn’t the real threat. “When we were out there,” he says, “We’d hear, ‘plink, plink,’ and we’d look up on the hill and there’d be golf balls flying in off the course right into the ocean where we were doing collections.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the aerial barrage, they kept at it, says Weber. “Whenever we had good conditions, we were able to pull out between, like, 500 to 5,000 golf balls,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over two years, they found more than 50,000 golf balls. The source: five golf courses. Two along the coastline, and three up the Carmel River — those golf balls rolled underwater down the river to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the journal \u003cem>Marine Pollution Bulletin,\u003c/em> the team notes that golf balls are coated with a thin polyurethane shell that degrades over time. They also contain zinc compounds that are toxic. Savoca points out that the surf and currents act like a rock grinder and break down the golf balls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While chemicals from 50,000 or so golf balls will have only a small effect on the ocean, Savoca says they do degrade into \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/08/20/636845604/beer-drinking-water-and-fish-tiny-plastic-is-everywhere\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">microplastic pieces\u003c/a> that marine animals could eat. The team also notes that there are lots of coastal golf courses around the world, so this may go beyond California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Weber, now 18 and a published author in a scientific journal, plans to apply to university to study marine science. In the meantime, she is still collecting, and keeping up her\u003ca href=\"https://www.theplasticpick-up.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> website\u003c/a>. She says it is too bad the golf balls sink. If they floated, people would be shocked and outraged. “If a person could see what we see underwater,” she says, “it would not be acceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>There’s a reason \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> captivated \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/u2-plays-the-joshua-tree-outside-its-america\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">U2\u003c/a>. The desert expanse is emblematic of the vast American West, the open road, the convergence of the Mojave and Colorado deserts. Visitors travel from around the globe to see the famous Joshua trees and to revel in the big sky vibe of the place.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Dealing With Vandals, Human Waste in Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-178312467-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most visitors to Joshua Tree National Park were being respectful of the desert wilderness and park facilities, but some have seized on the shortage of park staffers to off-road illegally and otherwise damage the park, a park statement said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Read more\u003c/a> about how the shutdown has impacted other parks.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The park has remained open to visitors during the government shutdown that began on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714399/what-will-be-open-and-closed-during-the-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dec. 21\u003c/a>. There is a skeleton crew of law enforcement rangers operating in the park, but on two recent trips into the park, this reporter saw almost no park employees – just visitors camping, rock climbing and driving around without the National Park Service maps they would typically get at the visitor center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Lauretig is executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofjosh.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Friends of Joshua Tree\u003c/a>, a local advocacy group for climbers and stewards of the park. He worked as a ranger with the National Park Service for over ten years, five of them in Joshua Tree National Park. Friends of Joshua Tree rallied to help clean the park’s toilets and pick up trash in the early days of the shutdown. During the holiday period, Lauretig said there were around 200,000 visitors to the park and that the overwhelming majority of them behaved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, recent tweets of downed Joshua Trees have caused outrage on social media, with people accusing off-roaders of making their own paths and vandals of cutting down the iconic trees. “I shake my head every time I think about it,” Lauretig told The California Report host John Sepulvado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauretig came across some people trying to move a downed Joshua tree in the park recently. He thinks they were trying to take a photograph with it. He pulled over and explained to them that snakes and scorpions like to live in the base of the trees and that they should be careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ajplus/status/1083809771604582400 \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reports of the destruction of Joshua Tree National Park are greatly exaggerated, but there was significant damage to the park,” Lauretig said. “Some of the damage was done by people driving off-road, whether it was four-wheel drive, all-terrain vehicle or dirt bikes. They drove around locked gates that said ‘road closed’ or chose to make their own road and leave the roadway and drive across the desert.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauretig said there are places out in the desert for off-roading, but the national park is not one of them. Driving across the fragile ecosystem harms native and endangered plants and will leave road scars that will be there for decades, he said. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a reason \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> captivated \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/u2-plays-the-joshua-tree-outside-its-america\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">U2\u003c/a>. The desert expanse is emblematic of the vast American West, the open road, the convergence of the Mojave and Colorado deserts. Visitors travel from around the globe to see the famous Joshua trees and to revel in the big sky vibe of the place.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Dealing With Vandals, Human Waste in Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-178312467-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most visitors to Joshua Tree National Park were being respectful of the desert wilderness and park facilities, but some have seized on the shortage of park staffers to off-road illegally and otherwise damage the park, a park statement said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Read more\u003c/a> about how the shutdown has impacted other parks.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The park has remained open to visitors during the government shutdown that began on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714399/what-will-be-open-and-closed-during-the-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Dec. 21\u003c/a>. There is a skeleton crew of law enforcement rangers operating in the park, but on two recent trips into the park, this reporter saw almost no park employees – just visitors camping, rock climbing and driving around without the National Park Service maps they would typically get at the visitor center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Lauretig is executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofjosh.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Friends of Joshua Tree\u003c/a>, a local advocacy group for climbers and stewards of the park. He worked as a ranger with the National Park Service for over ten years, five of them in Joshua Tree National Park. Friends of Joshua Tree rallied to help clean the park’s toilets and pick up trash in the early days of the shutdown. During the holiday period, Lauretig said there were around 200,000 visitors to the park and that the overwhelming majority of them behaved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, recent tweets of downed Joshua Trees have caused outrage on social media, with people accusing off-roaders of making their own paths and vandals of cutting down the iconic trees. “I shake my head every time I think about it,” Lauretig told The California Report host John Sepulvado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauretig came across some people trying to move a downed Joshua tree in the park recently. He thinks they were trying to take a photograph with it. He pulled over and explained to them that snakes and scorpions like to live in the base of the trees and that they should be careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reports of the destruction of Joshua Tree National Park are greatly exaggerated, but there was significant damage to the park,” Lauretig said. “Some of the damage was done by people driving off-road, whether it was four-wheel drive, all-terrain vehicle or dirt bikes. They drove around locked gates that said ‘road closed’ or chose to make their own road and leave the roadway and drive across the desert.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauretig said there are places out in the desert for off-roading, but the national park is not one of them. Driving across the fragile ecosystem harms native and endangered plants and will leave road scars that will be there for decades, he said. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Add Benzene in the Water to the List of Post-Wildfire Concerns in Paradise",
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"content": "\u003cp>Officials in Paradise are trying to understand how much of the city’s water supply has been contaminated with a carcinogenic chemical as a result of last November’s deadly Camp Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Paradise Irrigation District announced earlier this month that tests had come back positive for benzene — a flammable chemical used in the production of gasoline and plastic — but the extent of the contamination is still unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716135/paradise-wants-to-help-people-move-back-but-is-it-safe\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Paradise Wants to Help People Move Back, But Is It Safe?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716135/paradise-wants-to-help-people-move-back-but-is-it-safe\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS33962_Image-from-iOS-5-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Samples collected at some residential water meters didn’t contain any benzene. Other samples did, and one revealed benzene levels about 15 times the state limit for drinking water. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long-term exposure\u003c/a> to benzene can cause anemia or cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The November fire burned down close to 14,000 homes and effectively melted some of the plastic piping in Paradise’s water system, releasing benzene into the water supply, according to Reese Crenshaw, an engineer with the state Division of Drinking Water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Crenshaw and other state officials, this is only the second time that they know of that this has happened. The first was in Santa Rosa, where officials discovered benzene contamination after the devastating Tubbs Fire in 2017. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Horenstein, Santa Rosa’s former water director, said he’d never considered what a wildfire could do to the plastic in their water system. Then he received a complaint from a resident who told him the water smelled and tasted like petroleum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to believe this has occurred elsewhere, and it was unbeknownst to the water agency or the residents,” Horenstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Santa Rosa the better part of last year to identify the extent of their benzene problem and to replace the damaged piping. Horenstein and other local officials initially expected the project to cost around $47 million, but it only ended up costing $5 to $6 million. The contamination of the system was limited, and flushing the pipes proved very effective, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials in Paradise are still trying to map the extent of the damage to its water system and what it means for people who just want to return home. Mickey Rich, a spokeswoman with the Paradise Immigration District, said the community is working closely with the Division of Drinking Water and other agencies so their case can be a model to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end, we’re going to have safe water again,” Rich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horenstein said the benzene problems in Santa Rosa led to proactive testing in Paradise and the development of a testing protocol that could help other communities hit by fires in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Running water is being restored in Paradise, but the Paradise Irrigation District has advised residents \u003ca href=\"https://pidwater.com/wqadvisory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">against drinking, bathing or brushing their teeth\u003c/a> with the tap water until they have more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradise’s drinking water isn’t the only water the Camp Fire contaminated. Several area streams show elevated levels of aluminum, iron and antimony. The metals may be residue from the homes and cars the Camp Fire burned, which were then washed into local streams by winter rains. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials are still analyzing the area’s watershed contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KCHO reporter Marc Albert contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Officials in Paradise are trying to understand how much of the city’s water supply has been contaminated with a carcinogenic chemical as a result of last November’s deadly Camp Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Paradise Irrigation District announced earlier this month that tests had come back positive for benzene — a flammable chemical used in the production of gasoline and plastic — but the extent of the contamination is still unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716135/paradise-wants-to-help-people-move-back-but-is-it-safe\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Paradise Wants to Help People Move Back, But Is It Safe?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716135/paradise-wants-to-help-people-move-back-but-is-it-safe\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS33962_Image-from-iOS-5-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Samples collected at some residential water meters didn’t contain any benzene. Other samples did, and one revealed benzene levels about 15 times the state limit for drinking water. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long-term exposure\u003c/a> to benzene can cause anemia or cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The November fire burned down close to 14,000 homes and effectively melted some of the plastic piping in Paradise’s water system, releasing benzene into the water supply, according to Reese Crenshaw, an engineer with the state Division of Drinking Water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Crenshaw and other state officials, this is only the second time that they know of that this has happened. The first was in Santa Rosa, where officials discovered benzene contamination after the devastating Tubbs Fire in 2017. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Horenstein, Santa Rosa’s former water director, said he’d never considered what a wildfire could do to the plastic in their water system. Then he received a complaint from a resident who told him the water smelled and tasted like petroleum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to believe this has occurred elsewhere, and it was unbeknownst to the water agency or the residents,” Horenstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took Santa Rosa the better part of last year to identify the extent of their benzene problem and to replace the damaged piping. Horenstein and other local officials initially expected the project to cost around $47 million, but it only ended up costing $5 to $6 million. The contamination of the system was limited, and flushing the pipes proved very effective, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials in Paradise are still trying to map the extent of the damage to its water system and what it means for people who just want to return home. Mickey Rich, a spokeswoman with the Paradise Immigration District, said the community is working closely with the Division of Drinking Water and other agencies so their case can be a model to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end, we’re going to have safe water again,” Rich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horenstein said the benzene problems in Santa Rosa led to proactive testing in Paradise and the development of a testing protocol that could help other communities hit by fires in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Running water is being restored in Paradise, but the Paradise Irrigation District has advised residents \u003ca href=\"https://pidwater.com/wqadvisory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">against drinking, bathing or brushing their teeth\u003c/a> with the tap water until they have more information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradise’s drinking water isn’t the only water the Camp Fire contaminated. Several area streams show elevated levels of aluminum, iron and antimony. The metals may be residue from the homes and cars the Camp Fire burned, which were then washed into local streams by winter rains. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials are still analyzing the area’s watershed contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KCHO reporter Marc Albert contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "at-prather-ranch-cows-are-raised-for-fine-steaks-and-biomedical-research",
"title": "The Curious Second Life of a Prather Ranch Cow: Biomedical Research",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n a slaughterhouse in Macdoel, a speck of a town in Siskiyou County, just south of the Oregon border, seven workers step around each other and four cow carcasses on the kill floor, their movements almost a dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pratherranch.com/\">Prather Ranch\u003c/a> co-owner Mary Rickert explains the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just on the other side of that panel, the animal’s knocked unconscious,” she says. “The throats are slit, they have to be bled out. Then they’re laid on this cradle,” where they’re skinned. Workers remove the animal’s organs and spinal cord, then cut the carcass in half with a saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Emily Rosecrans, sporting brightly painted nails, takes over. She trims off imperfections from the carcass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look for hair, feces, bruises, pretty much anything I wouldn’t want to eat,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If we’re gonna take the animal’s life, I believe we have the moral obligation to utilize the animal as much as possible. First, it’s good business; but it’s good morals.’\u003ccite>Jim Rickert, Prather Ranch co-owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>After an on-site USDA inspector looks the carcass up and down, Rosecrans says, “I wash it and then I spray with vinegar, which is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9713753\">natural antiseptic\u003c/a>, so it stops the growth of any bad bacteria and helps to stop E. coli.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She then moves the carcass into a cooler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary’s husband, Jim Rickert, works away from the main action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m boning out the cow head,” he explains. “You kind of have to know how an animal is put together so you can take it apart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He puts all the meat he says he wouldn’t feed to his grandchildren on one tray — that’ll be sold as pet food — and the really good stuff goes on another tray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11719407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11719407\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-800x897.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Rickert removes meat from the cow head. Some will go for pet food, some will go to market.\" width=\"800\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-800x897.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-160x179.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-1020x1144.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-1070x1200.jpg 1070w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Rickert removes meat from the cow head. Some will go for pet food, some will go to market. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a nice beef cheek right there,” he says. “It goes down to a restaurant in San Francisco, and as I recall they sell a dinner there, a beef cheek dinner, and for $75. I’ve never been able to afford one, but that’s what I hear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people in this room work carefully. There are the USDA standards and Jim’s “grandchildren test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Beef Is Much More Than ‘What’s for Dinner’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Aside from food sales, Prather Ranch will also sell parts of these animals to companies in the biomedical field. The hides, for example, go to make a purified collagen solution used in cell research. And bones? Some have been made into screws for things like knee surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cow bones are real popular,” says Jim Rickert. “There’s one company that takes all this stuff for dental work,” grinding bones up for fillings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another company is researching ways to replace parts of human bones. They’re using Prather Ranch cow bones, which have been 3D-printed with human cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty strange science, but really fascinating,” says Jim Rickert. “And we like doing our part of it. If we’re gonna take the animal’s life, I believe we have the moral obligation to utilize the animal as much as possible. First it’s good business; but it’s good morals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11718929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Rickert outside a pasture where Prather Ranch cows eat organic grasses. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Companies come to Prather Ranch for a variety of bovine parts, Mary Rickert says. “We’ve done all the way from pituitary glands to eyeballs to uteri to pericardium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, this is nothing new. Indigenous people around the world have used plants and whole animals for medicine as well as food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Rickert says that in Western medicine, “There’s clear evidence of people using bones from pigs clear back to the 1700s,” though not very successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve heard of catgut?” he asks, “Well I think that was one of the things that was used at times for suturing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A ‘Closed Herd’ and a Beauty Trend\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Rickerts met and fell in love at Cal Poly-San Luis Obispo, and within a decade, they came up to Prather Ranch to manage the operation. They faced a money-losing business, and had to get creative, Jim explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I shrunk the herd down to about 250 mother cows. We just didn’t buy replacement females,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That created what’s now known as a “closed herd.” All animals in the herd are born within it; no new ones are introduced. That decision changed everything. Because, at the same time, in the early 1990s, two things were happening that, on the surface, seem to have nothing to do with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an animal health scare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/issues/1040/mad-cow-disease/timeline-mad-cow-disease-outbreaks\">Mad cow disease\u003c/a> — more formally known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy — “was really developing into a real serious health crisis in the United Kingdom and Europe,” Mary says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second? A beauty trend: dermal fillers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember the pillowy lips of actresses in the 1990s? That look came from collagen injections that came from cowhides. Jim says an old friend, an early pioneer in collagen dermal fillers, knew that Prather Ranch had a closed herd, which made it much less susceptible to problems like mad cow disease. He knew he could make a cleaner, safer collagen with their cowhides. So he called them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I remember going, ‘Really?’ ” Jim says with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Puffy lips wasn’t exactly our primary life goal at that point,” Mary adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Rickerts wanted to keep the ranch going. That collagen company built them the slaughterhouse on-site. Eventually, biomedical companies came knocking for cow parts, too. He won’t talk about the financials, but Jim says there have been years when they’ve made more money selling beef byproducts for medical use than they made selling beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11718934\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Employee Craig Holbrook prepares a femur for a medical client. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The companies that buy from Prather Ranch sign confidentiality agreements, but one executive — whose company turns Prather Ranch cowhides into purified collagen for cell research, cancer research and 3D bio printing — says that a hide from Prather Ranch can cost him thousands of dollars more than those from other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the processing room, employee Craig Holbrook preps a femur bone for a medical client. He saws the bone, double-bags it in plastic, then sends it through a vacuum sealer. Packages like this are then sent via FedEx to customers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result of meeting all the FDA standards to sell the parts to medical companies? The Rickerts set themselves up to produce really high-quality beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10791095/sierra-cattlewomen-work-off-ranch-to-help-family-stay-in-the-business\">Sierra Cattlewomen Work Off-Ranch to Help Family Stay in the Business\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10791095/sierra-cattlewomen-work-off-ranch-to-help-family-stay-in-the-business\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/CattlewomenMain-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/california-foodways\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Follow reporter Lisa Morehouse’s full California Foodways series\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mary says they do DNA testing on bulls specifically for genes that increase the likelihood of marbling and tenderness in the beef. It’s a sought-after quality, and pretty expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary also says she and her husband share a core belief: that they should handle animals gently until the very last minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the “knock box,” where cows get knocked out by a stun gun before being moved to the kill floor, she points out a quote by animal behaviorist Temple Grandin, who advocates for humane slaughter of livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It reads, “I believe that the place an animal dies is a sacred one. The ritual could be something very simple, such as a moment of silence, no words, one pure moment of silence. I can picture it perfectly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary says, “I wanted to put that over our knock box so we always remember that this animal is giving its life not only for food but also to improve the quality of life for people for medical reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she wants everyone at the slaughterhouse to think about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://thefern.org/\">Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit investigative news organization.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The California ranch’s co-owner emphasizes using the whole animal. ‘This animal is giving its life not only for food, but also to improve the quality of life for people for medical reasons.'",
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"title": "The Curious Second Life of a Prather Ranch Cow: Biomedical Research | KQED",
"description": "The California ranch’s co-owner emphasizes using the whole animal. ‘This animal is giving its life not only for food, but also to improve the quality of life for people for medical reasons.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n a slaughterhouse in Macdoel, a speck of a town in Siskiyou County, just south of the Oregon border, seven workers step around each other and four cow carcasses on the kill floor, their movements almost a dance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pratherranch.com/\">Prather Ranch\u003c/a> co-owner Mary Rickert explains the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just on the other side of that panel, the animal’s knocked unconscious,” she says. “The throats are slit, they have to be bled out. Then they’re laid on this cradle,” where they’re skinned. Workers remove the animal’s organs and spinal cord, then cut the carcass in half with a saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Emily Rosecrans, sporting brightly painted nails, takes over. She trims off imperfections from the carcass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look for hair, feces, bruises, pretty much anything I wouldn’t want to eat,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If we’re gonna take the animal’s life, I believe we have the moral obligation to utilize the animal as much as possible. First, it’s good business; but it’s good morals.’\u003ccite>Jim Rickert, Prather Ranch co-owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>After an on-site USDA inspector looks the carcass up and down, Rosecrans says, “I wash it and then I spray with vinegar, which is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9713753\">natural antiseptic\u003c/a>, so it stops the growth of any bad bacteria and helps to stop E. coli.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She then moves the carcass into a cooler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary’s husband, Jim Rickert, works away from the main action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m boning out the cow head,” he explains. “You kind of have to know how an animal is put together so you can take it apart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He puts all the meat he says he wouldn’t feed to his grandchildren on one tray — that’ll be sold as pet food — and the really good stuff goes on another tray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11719407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11719407\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-800x897.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Rickert removes meat from the cow head. Some will go for pet food, some will go to market.\" width=\"800\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-800x897.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-160x179.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-1020x1144.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim-1070x1200.jpg 1070w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/6ae6a537-pratherjim.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Rickert removes meat from the cow head. Some will go for pet food, some will go to market. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a nice beef cheek right there,” he says. “It goes down to a restaurant in San Francisco, and as I recall they sell a dinner there, a beef cheek dinner, and for $75. I’ve never been able to afford one, but that’s what I hear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people in this room work carefully. There are the USDA standards and Jim’s “grandchildren test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Beef Is Much More Than ‘What’s for Dinner’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Aside from food sales, Prather Ranch will also sell parts of these animals to companies in the biomedical field. The hides, for example, go to make a purified collagen solution used in cell research. And bones? Some have been made into screws for things like knee surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cow bones are real popular,” says Jim Rickert. “There’s one company that takes all this stuff for dental work,” grinding bones up for fillings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another company is researching ways to replace parts of human bones. They’re using Prather Ranch cow bones, which have been 3D-printed with human cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty strange science, but really fascinating,” says Jim Rickert. “And we like doing our part of it. If we’re gonna take the animal’s life, I believe we have the moral obligation to utilize the animal as much as possible. First it’s good business; but it’s good morals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11718929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34650_IMG_0533-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Rickert outside a pasture where Prather Ranch cows eat organic grasses. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Companies come to Prather Ranch for a variety of bovine parts, Mary Rickert says. “We’ve done all the way from pituitary glands to eyeballs to uteri to pericardium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, this is nothing new. Indigenous people around the world have used plants and whole animals for medicine as well as food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Rickert says that in Western medicine, “There’s clear evidence of people using bones from pigs clear back to the 1700s,” though not very successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve heard of catgut?” he asks, “Well I think that was one of the things that was used at times for suturing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A ‘Closed Herd’ and a Beauty Trend\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Rickerts met and fell in love at Cal Poly-San Luis Obispo, and within a decade, they came up to Prather Ranch to manage the operation. They faced a money-losing business, and had to get creative, Jim explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I shrunk the herd down to about 250 mother cows. We just didn’t buy replacement females,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That created what’s now known as a “closed herd.” All animals in the herd are born within it; no new ones are introduced. That decision changed everything. Because, at the same time, in the early 1990s, two things were happening that, on the surface, seem to have nothing to do with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an animal health scare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/issues/1040/mad-cow-disease/timeline-mad-cow-disease-outbreaks\">Mad cow disease\u003c/a> — more formally known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy — “was really developing into a real serious health crisis in the United Kingdom and Europe,” Mary says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second? A beauty trend: dermal fillers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember the pillowy lips of actresses in the 1990s? That look came from collagen injections that came from cowhides. Jim says an old friend, an early pioneer in collagen dermal fillers, knew that Prather Ranch had a closed herd, which made it much less susceptible to problems like mad cow disease. He knew he could make a cleaner, safer collagen with their cowhides. So he called them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I remember going, ‘Really?’ ” Jim says with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Puffy lips wasn’t exactly our primary life goal at that point,” Mary adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Rickerts wanted to keep the ranch going. That collagen company built them the slaughterhouse on-site. Eventually, biomedical companies came knocking for cow parts, too. He won’t talk about the financials, but Jim says there have been years when they’ve made more money selling beef byproducts for medical use than they made selling beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11718934\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34646_IMG_0537-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Employee Craig Holbrook prepares a femur for a medical client. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The companies that buy from Prather Ranch sign confidentiality agreements, but one executive — whose company turns Prather Ranch cowhides into purified collagen for cell research, cancer research and 3D bio printing — says that a hide from Prather Ranch can cost him thousands of dollars more than those from other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the processing room, employee Craig Holbrook preps a femur bone for a medical client. He saws the bone, double-bags it in plastic, then sends it through a vacuum sealer. Packages like this are then sent via FedEx to customers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One result of meeting all the FDA standards to sell the parts to medical companies? The Rickerts set themselves up to produce really high-quality beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10791095/sierra-cattlewomen-work-off-ranch-to-help-family-stay-in-the-business\">Sierra Cattlewomen Work Off-Ranch to Help Family Stay in the Business\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10791095/sierra-cattlewomen-work-off-ranch-to-help-family-stay-in-the-business\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/CattlewomenMain-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/california-foodways\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Follow reporter Lisa Morehouse’s full California Foodways series\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mary says they do DNA testing on bulls specifically for genes that increase the likelihood of marbling and tenderness in the beef. It’s a sought-after quality, and pretty expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary also says she and her husband share a core belief: that they should handle animals gently until the very last minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the “knock box,” where cows get knocked out by a stun gun before being moved to the kill floor, she points out a quote by animal behaviorist Temple Grandin, who advocates for humane slaughter of livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It reads, “I believe that the place an animal dies is a sacred one. The ritual could be something very simple, such as a moment of silence, no words, one pure moment of silence. I can picture it perfectly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary says, “I wanted to put that over our knock box so we always remember that this animal is giving its life not only for food but also to improve the quality of life for people for medical reasons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she wants everyone at the slaughterhouse to think about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://thefern.org/\">Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit investigative news organization.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>From Tortilla Factory to Jazz Club to Salsa and Chips: The Evolution of Casa Sanchez\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Sanchez Family has been in business in San Francisco for nearly 100 years, and they pioneered something you probably have in your fridge right now. A little plastic tub of fresh salsa. Reporter Marisol Medina-Cadena tells us how over the decades, their family biz has had to shape-shift to keep up with changing times.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Curious Second Life of a Prather Ranch Cow: Biomedical Research\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jim and Mary Rickert came together because of cows. They met and fell in love at Cal Poly. Within a decade, they were managing a ranch just below the Oregon border in Siskiyou County. It was a struggle. For the series California Foodways, Lisa Morehouse found out their lives - and the business - changed when they got an unexpected offer. And they said yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665886/award-winning-frank-fats-restaurant-serves-up-potstickers-pie-and-political-history\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Award-Winning Frank Fat's Restaurant Serves up Potstickers, Pie, and Political History\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen of one of Sacramento's oldest restaurants, huge woks sizzle with fragrant oils and Chinese noodles. Cooks chop fresh vegetables and blocks of white tofu into cubes. And when you turn the corner, banana cream pies are being made. That’s right: banana cream pies. Not a typical Chinese dish. But Frank Fat, who started this restaurant, was not a typical guy. For this installment in our Family Biz series, Bianca Taylor brings us a story about an eatery where its founder is as beloved as its food.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694401/san-francisco-made-millions-selling-taxi-medallions-now-drivers-are-paying-the-price\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Made Millions Selling Taxi Medallions. Now Drivers Are Paying the Price\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Edward Agababian was a taxi driver in San Francisco, and his job was essential to his family’s survival. When the taxi industry was devastated by Uber and Lyft, his family didn’t just lose their main source of income. As KQED’s Sam Harnett reports, the family was also saddled with a mountain of debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Letter to My California Dreamer: From the ‘Red State Rockies’ to the ‘Riviera of Southern CA’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve been asking you to write a letter to one of the first people in your family who came to California with a dream. This week's “Letter to My CA Dreamer” comes from Hollywood. Gregory Hinton writes to his brother Scotty, who left Colorado and found love - and a business partner - in Laguna Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>From Tortilla Factory to Jazz Club to Salsa and Chips: The Evolution of Casa Sanchez\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Sanchez Family has been in business in San Francisco for nearly 100 years, and they pioneered something you probably have in your fridge right now. A little plastic tub of fresh salsa. Reporter Marisol Medina-Cadena tells us how over the decades, their family biz has had to shape-shift to keep up with changing times.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Curious Second Life of a Prather Ranch Cow: Biomedical Research\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jim and Mary Rickert came together because of cows. They met and fell in love at Cal Poly. Within a decade, they were managing a ranch just below the Oregon border in Siskiyou County. It was a struggle. For the series California Foodways, Lisa Morehouse found out their lives - and the business - changed when they got an unexpected offer. And they said yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665886/award-winning-frank-fats-restaurant-serves-up-potstickers-pie-and-political-history\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Award-Winning Frank Fat's Restaurant Serves up Potstickers, Pie, and Political History\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen of one of Sacramento's oldest restaurants, huge woks sizzle with fragrant oils and Chinese noodles. Cooks chop fresh vegetables and blocks of white tofu into cubes. And when you turn the corner, banana cream pies are being made. That’s right: banana cream pies. Not a typical Chinese dish. But Frank Fat, who started this restaurant, was not a typical guy. For this installment in our Family Biz series, Bianca Taylor brings us a story about an eatery where its founder is as beloved as its food.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694401/san-francisco-made-millions-selling-taxi-medallions-now-drivers-are-paying-the-price\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Made Millions Selling Taxi Medallions. Now Drivers Are Paying the Price\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Edward Agababian was a taxi driver in San Francisco, and his job was essential to his family’s survival. When the taxi industry was devastated by Uber and Lyft, his family didn’t just lose their main source of income. As KQED’s Sam Harnett reports, the family was also saddled with a mountain of debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Letter to My California Dreamer: From the ‘Red State Rockies’ to the ‘Riviera of Southern CA’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve been asking you to write a letter to one of the first people in your family who came to California with a dream. This week's “Letter to My CA Dreamer” comes from Hollywood. Gregory Hinton writes to his brother Scotty, who left Colorado and found love - and a business partner - in Laguna Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Twenty five years ago — at 4:30 a.m. on Jan. 17, 1994 — the Northridge earthquake shook Angelenos from their beds. For those of us who lived through it, the memories of chaos early in the morning are unforgettable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were just literally startled awake by a freight train driving right through our bedroom,\" said my father, Mark Margolis, who along with my sister, my mother and myself, was sleeping just about seven miles from the epicenter. \"I mean the blinds that were supposed to be hanging vertical were horizontal. So, there was a tremendous amount of movement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was only five, and remember being pulled from my bed into the dark hallway by my parents. Our house was a mess with everything from our shelves and what was inside of our refrigerator being thrown out to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After things calmed down, we walked outside. I remember dark silhouettes of my neighbors milling about, trying to figure out what to do, just as dawn began to break and aftershocks rolled through.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718873/another-morning-another-wake-up-quake-in-the-east-bay-hills\">Another Morning, Another Wake-Up Quake in the East Bay Hills\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718873/another-morning-another-wake-up-quake-in-the-east-bay-hills\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cartocdn-gusc-a.global.ssl.fastly.net/mgreen/api/v1/map/mgreen@d73c934c@1120027215d6d346a00faa7d7307e8ae:1547770994786/1,2/8/41/99.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the sun rose, everyone was able to take stock of the damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6.7 magnitude earthquake destroyed freeways and buildings, cracked streets and left swaths of Los Angeles without power for a period of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember driving down one of the main streets and there was like water coming up from the street because there were broken gas lines as well as broken water lines. There was water, but there were also flames coming out of the water,\" said my father. \"Burning water -- how often do you see that?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earthquake killed at least 57 people and damages reached $40 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Angelenos were displaced for a period of time. Some people were lucky enough to stay with family and friends. Some had to live for days in parks as the structural integrity of their buildings was assessed.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Prepared for the next one?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every time an earthquake hits, we learn new things about just how unprepared we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Northridge earthquake, building codes have improved and retrofit programs for hospitals, apartments and freeways have been implemented. The hope is that those improvements leave us safer. But Southern California hasn't had an earthquake strong enough to test the region for its preparedness for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 7,000 miles of water pipes are currently being retrofitted by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, so that they don't crack in an earthquake. Those pipes rupturing could mean contamination or complete loss of water to homes. Craig Davis, the Water System Resilience Program Manager, said that it will take 120 years to fix the entire system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to seismologists, an earthquake far bigger than Northridge could hit at anytime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismologist Lucile Jones was the lead author of a 2008 report called \"\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1150/\">The ShakeOut Scenario\u003c/a>\" for the U.S. Geological Survey. In it, researchers described a theoretical but likely earthquake: A 7.8 magnitude temblor on the southern San Andreas fault that would be 44 times stronger than Northridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report estimated that if that earthquake occured, 1,800 people could die, buildings could collapse, an estimated $200 billion in damage could be done and conflagrations could break out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Northridge was an event that disrupted the lives of people in the San Fernando Valley extensively ... disrupted our community for a year or two,\" Jones said. \"The big San Andreas earthquake is going to disrupt the lives of everybody in Southern California and it could take us decades to recover what we lose.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti has worked with Jones to implement various programs designed to improve the city's \u003ca href=\"http://100resilientcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Los-Angeles-Resilience-Strategy-PDF.pdf\">resilience\u003c/a>. \"We're better prepared for the big one than any big city in America,\" he said, \"which is to say, we're woefully unprepared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limited water and overwhelmed emergency services after a big quake hits could mean large fires spreading quickly throughout the hills and neighborhoods, according to Jones. Mark Ghilarducci, director of California Governor's Office of Emergency Services, said it could take 48 to 72 hours for outside help to arrive in Southern California. Meaning, 10 million people should expect to be largely on their own for a couple of days after the disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is some good news: \"Most of the time under most circumstances ... you're going to see people become the best version, the most altruistic version of themselves, especially in those first couple of minutes and moments after the event,\" said Joe Trainor, who studies disasters and crisis at the University of Delaware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, to survive a major earthquake, it's important that \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2019/01/07/the_big_one_earthquake_surivival_guide_101_how_to.php\">people take steps to prepare\u003c/a>. Stock up on water, food, medicine and make sure that there's some alternate form of shelter in case homes are unlivable. Everyone who lives in an earthquake zone should have some sort of emergency plan in place and coordinate that plan with friends and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Twenty five years ago — at 4:30 a.m. on Jan. 17, 1994 — the Northridge earthquake shook Angelenos from their beds. For those of us who lived through it, the memories of chaos early in the morning are unforgettable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were just literally startled awake by a freight train driving right through our bedroom,\" said my father, Mark Margolis, who along with my sister, my mother and myself, was sleeping just about seven miles from the epicenter. \"I mean the blinds that were supposed to be hanging vertical were horizontal. So, there was a tremendous amount of movement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was only five, and remember being pulled from my bed into the dark hallway by my parents. Our house was a mess with everything from our shelves and what was inside of our refrigerator being thrown out to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After things calmed down, we walked outside. I remember dark silhouettes of my neighbors milling about, trying to figure out what to do, just as dawn began to break and aftershocks rolled through.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718873/another-morning-another-wake-up-quake-in-the-east-bay-hills\">Another Morning, Another Wake-Up Quake in the East Bay Hills\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718873/another-morning-another-wake-up-quake-in-the-east-bay-hills\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cartocdn-gusc-a.global.ssl.fastly.net/mgreen/api/v1/map/mgreen@d73c934c@1120027215d6d346a00faa7d7307e8ae:1547770994786/1,2/8/41/99.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When the sun rose, everyone was able to take stock of the damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6.7 magnitude earthquake destroyed freeways and buildings, cracked streets and left swaths of Los Angeles without power for a period of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember driving down one of the main streets and there was like water coming up from the street because there were broken gas lines as well as broken water lines. There was water, but there were also flames coming out of the water,\" said my father. \"Burning water -- how often do you see that?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earthquake killed at least 57 people and damages reached $40 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Angelenos were displaced for a period of time. Some people were lucky enough to stay with family and friends. Some had to live for days in parks as the structural integrity of their buildings was assessed.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Prepared for the next one?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every time an earthquake hits, we learn new things about just how unprepared we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Northridge earthquake, building codes have improved and retrofit programs for hospitals, apartments and freeways have been implemented. The hope is that those improvements leave us safer. But Southern California hasn't had an earthquake strong enough to test the region for its preparedness for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 7,000 miles of water pipes are currently being retrofitted by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, so that they don't crack in an earthquake. Those pipes rupturing could mean contamination or complete loss of water to homes. Craig Davis, the Water System Resilience Program Manager, said that it will take 120 years to fix the entire system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to seismologists, an earthquake far bigger than Northridge could hit at anytime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismologist Lucile Jones was the lead author of a 2008 report called \"\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1150/\">The ShakeOut Scenario\u003c/a>\" for the U.S. Geological Survey. In it, researchers described a theoretical but likely earthquake: A 7.8 magnitude temblor on the southern San Andreas fault that would be 44 times stronger than Northridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report estimated that if that earthquake occured, 1,800 people could die, buildings could collapse, an estimated $200 billion in damage could be done and conflagrations could break out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Northridge was an event that disrupted the lives of people in the San Fernando Valley extensively ... disrupted our community for a year or two,\" Jones said. \"The big San Andreas earthquake is going to disrupt the lives of everybody in Southern California and it could take us decades to recover what we lose.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti has worked with Jones to implement various programs designed to improve the city's \u003ca href=\"http://100resilientcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Los-Angeles-Resilience-Strategy-PDF.pdf\">resilience\u003c/a>. \"We're better prepared for the big one than any big city in America,\" he said, \"which is to say, we're woefully unprepared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limited water and overwhelmed emergency services after a big quake hits could mean large fires spreading quickly throughout the hills and neighborhoods, according to Jones. Mark Ghilarducci, director of California Governor's Office of Emergency Services, said it could take 48 to 72 hours for outside help to arrive in Southern California. Meaning, 10 million people should expect to be largely on their own for a couple of days after the disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is some good news: \"Most of the time under most circumstances ... you're going to see people become the best version, the most altruistic version of themselves, especially in those first couple of minutes and moments after the event,\" said Joe Trainor, who studies disasters and crisis at the University of Delaware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, to survive a major earthquake, it's important that \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2019/01/07/the_big_one_earthquake_surivival_guide_101_how_to.php\">people take steps to prepare\u003c/a>. Stock up on water, food, medicine and make sure that there's some alternate form of shelter in case homes are unlivable. Everyone who lives in an earthquake zone should have some sort of emergency plan in place and coordinate that plan with friends and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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