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"content": "\u003cp>[UPDATE: Ray Bandar passed away in late December, 2017. His work lives on at the California Academy of Sciences.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hobbies and then there are lifelong passions. Ray Bandar’s passion is finding and cleaning skulls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For six decades, Bandar has been making a quiet contribution to science, harvesting the bones of dead animals on the California coast and amassing an impressive collection of skulls. On Friday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> in San Francisco is opening a \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/academy/exhibits/skulls/\">new exhibit of skulls\u003c/a> that features his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar keeps his own collection in the basement of his San Francisco home. The “bone palace,” as he calls it, holds close to 7,000 skulls and skeletons, stacked floor to ceiling. He organizes the shelves by species, including seals, sea lions, leopards, cheetahs, horses, zebras, giraffes and dolphins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is largest animal that lives and breeds in California,” Bandar says, holding up an elephant seal skull. “That’s an adult female.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar is a spritely 86-year-old with an encyclopedic knowledge of the bones. “Sixty years at Ocean Beach, I’ve been decapitating dead marine mammals,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01301-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01301.jpg\" alt='Ray \"Bones\" Bandar has spent six decades finding and cleaning animal bones. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)' width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray ‘Bones’ Bandar has spent six decades finding dead animals and preparing their bones. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For most of his life, Bandar searched local beaches for dead sea lions and seals and removed the heads. As a volunteer with the California Academy of Sciences, he worked under its scientific collection permit from the state. The more exotic animals in his collection came from local zoos after the animals died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleaning skulls is not for the faint of heart. “I remove as much flesh as possible,” he says. “Put them in bucket of water. Put them in a warm spot and leave it to sit there for weeks and the bacterial action removes all the organic material.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar’s fascination with the natural world began as a kid growing up in San Francisco, when he collected snakes and frogs in Golden Gate Park and donated them to the Steinhart Aquarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He collected his first skull in his twenties, dragging the head of a harbor seal back to his parents’ house — on public transportation. He says he wondered to himself how he could get the meat off. “So I put it in a big pot. Said, ‘Well, I guess I’ll boil it.’ And boy did it stink up the house. When my parents came home, they weren’t too happy about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement1-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17390 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement1.jpg\" alt=\"Bandar has almost 7,000 skulls and skeletons in his San Francisco basement\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are almost 7,000 skulls and skeletons in Bandar’s San Francisco basement. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Bandar attracted crowds of beachgoers as he harvested skulls. Occasionally, he attracted suspicion, like the time in Half Moon Bay when he was working on a 14-foot elephant seal carcass in front of the Ritz-Carlton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sitting on his neck, cutting away, trying to sever the skull from the torso,” he recalls. “And I turn around and standing on the beach is three cops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policemen eyed Bandar’s ratty field jacket, covered in rotting flesh. They’d gotten a number of phone calls, Bandar says. “More than one call is, ‘There’s this homeless guy. He’s trying to eat this dead elephant seal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar’s wife of 60 years doesn’t mind his hobby. The two of them met in art school. On their honeymoon to New York City, they fell in love with the bone displays at the American Museum of Natural History.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vertebrae hang next to his wife’s paintings in their living room. “To me,” Bandar says, “they’re beautiful pieces of sculpture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement7-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17391 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement7.jpg\" alt=\"Bandar would often attract crowds of beachgoers as he worked, as well as the police. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bandar would often attract crowds of beachgoers as he worked, as well as, occasionally, the police. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bandar went on to teach biology for 32 years at Fremont High School in East Oakland, where dissection was a big part of the curriculum. “Even in medical school, the students do not get what they got in my classroom,” he says. “I still hear from my students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar retired from collecting specimens last summer. The skulls in his basement will eventually go to the California Academy of Sciences, where his work will comprise one-fifth of the museum’s ornithology and mammalogy collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Academy’s collection of skulls teaches the public, including thousands of school children who come to the museum each year, about wildlife and the natural world. One of the Academy’s collectors is curatorial assistant Sue Pemberton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the specimen preparation room, Pemberton describes the work she has in progress. “You’ll see over on the left here I have a young elephant seal skull,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skull is crawling with dermestid beetles, which specialize in eating dead flesh. Pemberton uses them to clean skulls for the collection. She also uses large buckets of water, the same method Bandar employs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton pulls a harbor seal skull out of a bucket, and a putrid odor fills the air. “Smells like the worst outhouse you can ever be in,” she says. “But that’s how it works. Everything kind of breaks down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01243-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17395 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01243.jpg\" alt=\"Dermestid beetles clean a young elephant seal skull at the California Academy of Sciences. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dermestid beetles clean the flesh off a young elephant seal skull at the California Academy of Sciences. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The skulls also help scientists learn how marine mammals are doing off the California coast. The bones reveal if the animals were sick and what they ate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pulls out a southern sea otter skull to illustrate. “Here you can see what color the teeth are. Bright purple, like the-color-of-grape-juice purple.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The otter stained its teeth eating purple sea urchins. Other sea otters have completely different diets, which they learn from their mothers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton heads out to the beach whenever a report comes in of a dead animal; she’s part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/health/networks.htm#westcoast\">Marine Mammal Stranding Network\u003c/a>, a group of wildlife centers and museums that responds to reports. Her whale kit is ready to go on the table: a dozen steak knives and an ax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17396\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01248-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17396 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01248.jpg\" alt=\"A southern sea otter skull has purple teeth, stained from the sea urchins that made up its diet. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A southern sea otter skull with purple teeth, stained from the sea urchins that made up its diet. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes there’s a blubber layer that’s two feet thick,” she says. “So you’re having to get through that to get to what you think might be the cause of death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton and others have documented cases where ship strikes killed whales off the coast. The data actually helped change policy. Last year, federal officials \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/06/04/san-francisco-bay-shipping-lanes-narrowed-to-protect-whales/\">put in new speed limits\u003c/a> for cargo ships coming into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s what you think about when you’re elbow-deep in rotted, dead whales,” she says. “And it’s not pleasant by any stretch. But to know that it’s actually helping with the conservation and protection of all the whales that come after that, it makes all really worthwhile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Academy’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/academy/exhibits/skulls/\">exhibit of skulls\u003c/a>, featuring Ray Bandar’s work, opens to the public on May 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17401\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01268-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17401 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01268.jpg\" alt=\"DSC01268\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of monkey skulls in Bandar’s collection, with room for more. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "San Francisco's California Academy of Sciences opens a skull exhibit this week, featuring the work of Ray Bandar, a man who has devoted 60 years to cleaning the skulls and bones of some of California's most beloved animals.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[UPDATE: Ray Bandar passed away in late December, 2017. His work lives on at the California Academy of Sciences.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hobbies and then there are lifelong passions. Ray Bandar’s passion is finding and cleaning skulls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For six decades, Bandar has been making a quiet contribution to science, harvesting the bones of dead animals on the California coast and amassing an impressive collection of skulls. On Friday the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> in San Francisco is opening a \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/academy/exhibits/skulls/\">new exhibit of skulls\u003c/a> that features his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar keeps his own collection in the basement of his San Francisco home. The “bone palace,” as he calls it, holds close to 7,000 skulls and skeletons, stacked floor to ceiling. He organizes the shelves by species, including seals, sea lions, leopards, cheetahs, horses, zebras, giraffes and dolphins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is largest animal that lives and breeds in California,” Bandar says, holding up an elephant seal skull. “That’s an adult female.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar is a spritely 86-year-old with an encyclopedic knowledge of the bones. “Sixty years at Ocean Beach, I’ve been decapitating dead marine mammals,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01301-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17387 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01301.jpg\" alt='Ray \"Bones\" Bandar has spent six decades finding and cleaning animal bones. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)' width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray ‘Bones’ Bandar has spent six decades finding dead animals and preparing their bones. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For most of his life, Bandar searched local beaches for dead sea lions and seals and removed the heads. As a volunteer with the California Academy of Sciences, he worked under its scientific collection permit from the state. The more exotic animals in his collection came from local zoos after the animals died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleaning skulls is not for the faint of heart. “I remove as much flesh as possible,” he says. “Put them in bucket of water. Put them in a warm spot and leave it to sit there for weeks and the bacterial action removes all the organic material.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar’s fascination with the natural world began as a kid growing up in San Francisco, when he collected snakes and frogs in Golden Gate Park and donated them to the Steinhart Aquarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He collected his first skull in his twenties, dragging the head of a harbor seal back to his parents’ house — on public transportation. He says he wondered to himself how he could get the meat off. “So I put it in a big pot. Said, ‘Well, I guess I’ll boil it.’ And boy did it stink up the house. When my parents came home, they weren’t too happy about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement1-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17390 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement1.jpg\" alt=\"Bandar has almost 7,000 skulls and skeletons in his San Francisco basement\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are almost 7,000 skulls and skeletons in Bandar’s San Francisco basement. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Bandar attracted crowds of beachgoers as he harvested skulls. Occasionally, he attracted suspicion, like the time in Half Moon Bay when he was working on a 14-foot elephant seal carcass in front of the Ritz-Carlton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sitting on his neck, cutting away, trying to sever the skull from the torso,” he recalls. “And I turn around and standing on the beach is three cops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policemen eyed Bandar’s ratty field jacket, covered in rotting flesh. They’d gotten a number of phone calls, Bandar says. “More than one call is, ‘There’s this homeless guy. He’s trying to eat this dead elephant seal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar’s wife of 60 years doesn’t mind his hobby. The two of them met in art school. On their honeymoon to New York City, they fell in love with the bone displays at the American Museum of Natural History.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vertebrae hang next to his wife’s paintings in their living room. “To me,” Bandar says, “they’re beautiful pieces of sculpture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement7-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17391 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/Basement7.jpg\" alt=\"Bandar would often attract crowds of beachgoers as he worked, as well as the police. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bandar would often attract crowds of beachgoers as he worked, as well as, occasionally, the police. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bandar went on to teach biology for 32 years at Fremont High School in East Oakland, where dissection was a big part of the curriculum. “Even in medical school, the students do not get what they got in my classroom,” he says. “I still hear from my students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bandar retired from collecting specimens last summer. The skulls in his basement will eventually go to the California Academy of Sciences, where his work will comprise one-fifth of the museum’s ornithology and mammalogy collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Academy’s collection of skulls teaches the public, including thousands of school children who come to the museum each year, about wildlife and the natural world. One of the Academy’s collectors is curatorial assistant Sue Pemberton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the specimen preparation room, Pemberton describes the work she has in progress. “You’ll see over on the left here I have a young elephant seal skull,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skull is crawling with dermestid beetles, which specialize in eating dead flesh. Pemberton uses them to clean skulls for the collection. She also uses large buckets of water, the same method Bandar employs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton pulls a harbor seal skull out of a bucket, and a putrid odor fills the air. “Smells like the worst outhouse you can ever be in,” she says. “But that’s how it works. Everything kind of breaks down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01243-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17395 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01243.jpg\" alt=\"Dermestid beetles clean a young elephant seal skull at the California Academy of Sciences. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dermestid beetles clean the flesh off a young elephant seal skull at the California Academy of Sciences. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The skulls also help scientists learn how marine mammals are doing off the California coast. The bones reveal if the animals were sick and what they ate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pulls out a southern sea otter skull to illustrate. “Here you can see what color the teeth are. Bright purple, like the-color-of-grape-juice purple.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The otter stained its teeth eating purple sea urchins. Other sea otters have completely different diets, which they learn from their mothers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton heads out to the beach whenever a report comes in of a dead animal; she’s part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/health/networks.htm#westcoast\">Marine Mammal Stranding Network\u003c/a>, a group of wildlife centers and museums that responds to reports. Her whale kit is ready to go on the table: a dozen steak knives and an ax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17396\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01248-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17396 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01248.jpg\" alt=\"A southern sea otter skull has purple teeth, stained from the sea urchins that made up its diet. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A southern sea otter skull with purple teeth, stained from the sea urchins that made up its diet. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes there’s a blubber layer that’s two feet thick,” she says. “So you’re having to get through that to get to what you think might be the cause of death.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pemberton and others have documented cases where ship strikes killed whales off the coast. The data actually helped change policy. Last year, federal officials \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/06/04/san-francisco-bay-shipping-lanes-narrowed-to-protect-whales/\">put in new speed limits\u003c/a> for cargo ships coming into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s what you think about when you’re elbow-deep in rotted, dead whales,” she says. “And it’s not pleasant by any stretch. But to know that it’s actually helping with the conservation and protection of all the whales that come after that, it makes all really worthwhile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Academy’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/academy/exhibits/skulls/\">exhibit of skulls\u003c/a>, featuring Ray Bandar’s work, opens to the public on May 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17401\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01268-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17401 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/05/DSC01268.jpg\" alt=\"DSC01268\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of monkey skulls in Bandar’s collection, with room for more. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135415\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/Stanford_University_campus_from_above.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/Stanford_University_campus_from_above-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jawed Karim)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-135415\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jawed Karim)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A campaign on college campuses across the country aimed at stopping climate change received a big boost yesterday with the announcement that Stanford University will stop investing in coal companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution, passed by Stanford’s Board of Trustees, states the school will no longer directly invest in approximately 100 publicly traded companies whose primary business is coal extraction, in addition to divesting itself of any current holdings in such companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The university's review has concluded that coal is one of the most carbon-intensive methods of energy generation and that other sources can be readily substituted for it,” Stanford President John Hennessy said in a \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/may/divest-coal-trustees-050714.html\" target=\"_blank\">statement explaining the move\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s “Statement of Investment Responsibility,” originally adopted in 1971, says that while trustees’ primary obligation is to maximize profits, the board should consider whether “corporate policies or practices create substantial social injury.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135404\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/coal-plant.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-135404\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/coal-plant-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jeff Swensen/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stanford’s decision bolsters a national campaign that has seen 11 other schools remove investments in fossil fuel companies. (Jeff Swensen/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Stanford has a responsibility as a global citizen to promote sustainability for our planet,\" Hennessy said. “Moving away from coal in the investment context is a small, but constructive, step while work continues, at Stanford and elsewhere, to develop broadly viable sustainable energy solutions for the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school does not disclose specific investment information about portfolio holdings or individual values, but Lisa Lapin, associate vice president of communications at Stanford, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/education/stanford-to-purge-18-billion-endowment-of-coal-stock.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">told the New York Times\u003c/a> that the school’s current investment in coal companies represents a small portion of its total $18.7 billion endowment. Thus, Lapin says, “a small percentage is still a substantial amount of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reacting to the news Wednesday, representatives from the coal industry said the divestment \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/05/07/310449120/when-colleges-divest-in-coal-its-barely-a-drop-in-the-bucket\" target=\"_blank\">will have no impact on the industry at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"left long\">\n\u003ch3>Divested Schools\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>College of the Atlantic\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foothill-De Anza Community College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green Mountain College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hampshire College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naropa University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peralta Community College District\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitzer College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco State University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterling College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unity College\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The move was initiated by \u003ca href=\"http://www.fossilfreestanford.org\" target=\"_blank\">Fossil Free Stanford\u003c/a>, a student-led organization that petitioned the university last year as part of a national campaign encouraging divestment from all fossil fuel companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's going to prove to be an enormous victory in terms of symbolism,” Michael Peñuelas, one of the leaders of Fossil Free Stanford, says. “And it's going to tell a lot of other university administrations and other private-sector institutions that this is a feasible move to divest from coal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s decision clearly bolsters a national campaign that has seen 11 other schools remove investments in fossil fuel companies. The schools include: San Francisco State, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_23443908/san-francsico-state-university-votes-divest-investment-coal\" target=\"_blank\">divested from coal and tar sands companies last June\u003c/a>, Hampshire College, Pitzer College and a handful of smaller schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The impact of Stanford’s decision is going to put an exclamation point at the end of everything (the national campaign) has done,” says David Meyer, professor of sociology at UC Irvine. “There tends to be a cascade effect when big players like Stanford get into the action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite campus protests, other schools, most notably Harvard and Middlebury, have refused to join the divestment campaign, questioning the effectiveness of the divestment strategy. More than 100 Harvard faculty members have signed a letter urging Harvard president Drew Faust to divest, and last week, one student was arrested on campus for attempting to blockade Faust’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report by Harvard University’s Institute of Politics titled, \u003ca href=\"http://www.iop.harvard.edu/does-divestment-work\" target=\"_blank\">“Does Divestment Work?,”\u003c/a> draws parallels between fossil fuel divestment and similar campaigns to halt investment in South African companies during apartheid in the 1980s. The study suggests the effectiveness of divestment is not all about finances:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The evidence from South Africa suggests that divestment, while ineffective in a financial sense, can have an impact by shaping public discourse. … If universities across the country divested from fossil fuels, this would again be the case.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While Stanford's move is widely seen as an environmental victory, Meyer says, “It’s also worth pointing out that Stanford didn’t take the whole fossil fuel abstention position, only focusing on coal,” and not divesting from oil or natural gas companies, as Fossil Free Stanford’s petition called for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financially speaking, Meyer says “coal increasingly looks like it’s a bad investment.” This makes it much easier for Stanford’s Board of Trustees to remove funds from an already shaky investment — while earning environmental kudos in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another factor: Bay Area billionaire Tom Steyer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201303201000\" target=\"_blank\">a noted environmental advocate\u003c/a>, sits on Stanford’s board. \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2014/05/06/stanford-becomes-the-most-prominent-university-yet-to-divest-from-coal/\" target=\"_blank\">The Washington Post suggests\u003c/a> that Steyer’s presence increased internal pressure on the school to approve the divestment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the development is “exciting and encouraging for students,” Meyer fully expects them to “claim this victory and keep demanding more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/148441997&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135415\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/Stanford_University_campus_from_above.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/Stanford_University_campus_from_above-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jawed Karim)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-135415\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jawed Karim)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A campaign on college campuses across the country aimed at stopping climate change received a big boost yesterday with the announcement that Stanford University will stop investing in coal companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution, passed by Stanford’s Board of Trustees, states the school will no longer directly invest in approximately 100 publicly traded companies whose primary business is coal extraction, in addition to divesting itself of any current holdings in such companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The university's review has concluded that coal is one of the most carbon-intensive methods of energy generation and that other sources can be readily substituted for it,” Stanford President John Hennessy said in a \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/may/divest-coal-trustees-050714.html\" target=\"_blank\">statement explaining the move\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s “Statement of Investment Responsibility,” originally adopted in 1971, says that while trustees’ primary obligation is to maximize profits, the board should consider whether “corporate policies or practices create substantial social injury.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135404\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/coal-plant.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-135404\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/coal-plant-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"The Stanford University Board of Trustees has decided to not make direct investments of endowment funds in coal-mining companies. (Jeff Swensen/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stanford’s decision bolsters a national campaign that has seen 11 other schools remove investments in fossil fuel companies. (Jeff Swensen/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Stanford has a responsibility as a global citizen to promote sustainability for our planet,\" Hennessy said. “Moving away from coal in the investment context is a small, but constructive, step while work continues, at Stanford and elsewhere, to develop broadly viable sustainable energy solutions for the future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school does not disclose specific investment information about portfolio holdings or individual values, but Lisa Lapin, associate vice president of communications at Stanford, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/education/stanford-to-purge-18-billion-endowment-of-coal-stock.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">told the New York Times\u003c/a> that the school’s current investment in coal companies represents a small portion of its total $18.7 billion endowment. Thus, Lapin says, “a small percentage is still a substantial amount of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reacting to the news Wednesday, representatives from the coal industry said the divestment \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/05/07/310449120/when-colleges-divest-in-coal-its-barely-a-drop-in-the-bucket\" target=\"_blank\">will have no impact on the industry at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"left long\">\n\u003ch3>Divested Schools\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>College of the Atlantic\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foothill-De Anza Community College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green Mountain College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hampshire College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naropa University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peralta Community College District\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pitzer College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prescott College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco State University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford University\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sterling College\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unity College\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The move was initiated by \u003ca href=\"http://www.fossilfreestanford.org\" target=\"_blank\">Fossil Free Stanford\u003c/a>, a student-led organization that petitioned the university last year as part of a national campaign encouraging divestment from all fossil fuel companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's going to prove to be an enormous victory in terms of symbolism,” Michael Peñuelas, one of the leaders of Fossil Free Stanford, says. “And it's going to tell a lot of other university administrations and other private-sector institutions that this is a feasible move to divest from coal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s decision clearly bolsters a national campaign that has seen 11 other schools remove investments in fossil fuel companies. The schools include: San Francisco State, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_23443908/san-francsico-state-university-votes-divest-investment-coal\" target=\"_blank\">divested from coal and tar sands companies last June\u003c/a>, Hampshire College, Pitzer College and a handful of smaller schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The impact of Stanford’s decision is going to put an exclamation point at the end of everything (the national campaign) has done,” says David Meyer, professor of sociology at UC Irvine. “There tends to be a cascade effect when big players like Stanford get into the action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite campus protests, other schools, most notably Harvard and Middlebury, have refused to join the divestment campaign, questioning the effectiveness of the divestment strategy. More than 100 Harvard faculty members have signed a letter urging Harvard president Drew Faust to divest, and last week, one student was arrested on campus for attempting to blockade Faust’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report by Harvard University’s Institute of Politics titled, \u003ca href=\"http://www.iop.harvard.edu/does-divestment-work\" target=\"_blank\">“Does Divestment Work?,”\u003c/a> draws parallels between fossil fuel divestment and similar campaigns to halt investment in South African companies during apartheid in the 1980s. The study suggests the effectiveness of divestment is not all about finances:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The evidence from South Africa suggests that divestment, while ineffective in a financial sense, can have an impact by shaping public discourse. … If universities across the country divested from fossil fuels, this would again be the case.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While Stanford's move is widely seen as an environmental victory, Meyer says, “It’s also worth pointing out that Stanford didn’t take the whole fossil fuel abstention position, only focusing on coal,” and not divesting from oil or natural gas companies, as Fossil Free Stanford’s petition called for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financially speaking, Meyer says “coal increasingly looks like it’s a bad investment.” This makes it much easier for Stanford’s Board of Trustees to remove funds from an already shaky investment — while earning environmental kudos in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another factor: Bay Area billionaire Tom Steyer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201303201000\" target=\"_blank\">a noted environmental advocate\u003c/a>, sits on Stanford’s board. \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2014/05/06/stanford-becomes-the-most-prominent-university-yet-to-divest-from-coal/\" target=\"_blank\">The Washington Post suggests\u003c/a> that Steyer’s presence increased internal pressure on the school to approve the divestment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the development is “exciting and encouraging for students,” Meyer fully expects them to “claim this victory and keep demanding more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/148441997&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "students-testify-in-landmark-teacher-tenure-case",
"title": "Students Testify in Landmark Teacher Tenure Case",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/05/2014-05-02c-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next few months will be anxious ones for advocates and opponents of tenure for public school teachers in California. A landmark lawsuit over the issue, Vergara v. California, came down to one final day of arguments in March. Nine student plaintiffs from around the state testified that tenure hurts students, while teachers testified that it’s an important job protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the student plaintiffs traveled to Los Angeles for closing remarks, from fourth-grader Clara Campbell, whose head barely cleared the back of the courtroom bench, to Brandon DeBose Jr., a high school senior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During recess, Brandon and some of his fellow plaintiffs gathered around the court’s cafeteria lunch tables. They all agreed on one thing that could improve their schools. “I think the No.1 thing that I would want to change is (to have) teachers who genuinely care about your education,” said Raylene Monterroza. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Vergara nodded. “I’d do the same: have better teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both students have horror stories about bad teachers, like one that let kids smoke pot and another who called Latino students “housecleaners” and “cholos.” The case zeroes in on the ease with which teachers get tenure and how hard it is to get rid of the worst ones. But after more than a year of coaching from a high-powered legal team, these students echo their lawyers’ talking points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon attends Skyline High School in the hills overlooking Oakland, where his classmates are also critical of some of their teachers but are more willing to share the blame. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julian Hamilton, another student at Skyline, said, “You’ve got to realize we’re in high school. We should be grown enough to control ourselves. Sometimes it’s on the teachers, sometimes it’s on the students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students also say sometimes it’s on the administration to provide support to struggling teachers, and conduct more comprehensive assessments of teachers that include student input. Because, as Skyline student Dacobi Anderson explained, administrators aren’t getting the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For instance, like a teacher could put up on a different attitude, like they’re frontin’ when an administrator or someone of authority over them is in the classroom, but as soon as that administrator leaves they go back to the same old habit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids see things administrators don’t. That’s the idea that drives the research of Harvard economist Ronald Ferguson, who’s been studying students’ ability to assess their own teachers. According to Ferguson, “The student surveys are perhaps the most reliable measure of what goes on in a classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ferguson said student input should be included when measuring teachers’ ability. This doesn’t happen in California public schools, but kids like Julian are eager for the chance to grade their teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good teacher keeps a student up, keeps him positive and makes sure they’re on their game,” he said. He contrasted this with a “bad” teacher, who “puts you on an island and hopes that you survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Orphal, a former teachers union rep who is tenured at Skyline, said we already have a way of dealing with bad teachers. “The reality is that there’s a process by which I can be released for unprofessional conduct that takes a couple of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10141022\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 370px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/CATeachers.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/CATeachers-370x225.jpg\" alt=\"Teachers and their supporters defend their job security in front of the L.A. Superior Courthouse. (Ike Sriskandarajah/KQED)\" width=\"370\" height=\"225\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10141022\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teachers and their supporters defend their job security in front of the L.A. Superior Courthouse. (Ike Sriskandarajah/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For him, the Vergara lawsuit misses the real issue. “We’re losing so many great teachers, before they become as great as they could be, because of the lack of support,” he said. “Somehow the solution to that is making it easier to fire more teachers?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to industry analysis, nearly half of all new teachers nationwide will leave the profession in their first five years of teaching. A second-year social studies teacher at Skyline, Amanda Doamaral, is in that crucial period. “This year is a lot better than last year,” she said. “Last year was really rough. You know, first-year teachers are just trying to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the steep learning curve, teachers in California can lose their jobs without warning or cause for their first two years. This coming fall, at the start of Doamaral’s third year, she will have earned the benefit of tenure. “You can take more risks with students if you know your principal is not just going to walk in and fire you,” she said. “I’m sure I would think about going on field trips.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to the main backer of this case, wealthy Silicon Valley businessman and charter school proponent Dave Welch, too many grossly ineffective teachers hide behind tenure laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say it’s clear that these laws seriously do hurt children,” Welch said, “and they hurt a large number of children. Hundreds of thousands of children a year are impacted by teachers in this system that are ineffective at their job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of teacher tenure in California public schools is now up to a judge — a decision is expected this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by Youth Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More: \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201404290850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Entrepreneur Takes on Teacher Tenure With Massive Lawsuit\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Students Testify in Landmark Teacher Tenure Case | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/05/2014-05-02c-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next few months will be anxious ones for advocates and opponents of tenure for public school teachers in California. A landmark lawsuit over the issue, Vergara v. California, came down to one final day of arguments in March. Nine student plaintiffs from around the state testified that tenure hurts students, while teachers testified that it’s an important job protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the student plaintiffs traveled to Los Angeles for closing remarks, from fourth-grader Clara Campbell, whose head barely cleared the back of the courtroom bench, to Brandon DeBose Jr., a high school senior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During recess, Brandon and some of his fellow plaintiffs gathered around the court’s cafeteria lunch tables. They all agreed on one thing that could improve their schools. “I think the No.1 thing that I would want to change is (to have) teachers who genuinely care about your education,” said Raylene Monterroza. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Vergara nodded. “I’d do the same: have better teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both students have horror stories about bad teachers, like one that let kids smoke pot and another who called Latino students “housecleaners” and “cholos.” The case zeroes in on the ease with which teachers get tenure and how hard it is to get rid of the worst ones. But after more than a year of coaching from a high-powered legal team, these students echo their lawyers’ talking points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon attends Skyline High School in the hills overlooking Oakland, where his classmates are also critical of some of their teachers but are more willing to share the blame. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julian Hamilton, another student at Skyline, said, “You’ve got to realize we’re in high school. We should be grown enough to control ourselves. Sometimes it’s on the teachers, sometimes it’s on the students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students also say sometimes it’s on the administration to provide support to struggling teachers, and conduct more comprehensive assessments of teachers that include student input. Because, as Skyline student Dacobi Anderson explained, administrators aren’t getting the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For instance, like a teacher could put up on a different attitude, like they’re frontin’ when an administrator or someone of authority over them is in the classroom, but as soon as that administrator leaves they go back to the same old habit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids see things administrators don’t. That’s the idea that drives the research of Harvard economist Ronald Ferguson, who’s been studying students’ ability to assess their own teachers. According to Ferguson, “The student surveys are perhaps the most reliable measure of what goes on in a classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ferguson said student input should be included when measuring teachers’ ability. This doesn’t happen in California public schools, but kids like Julian are eager for the chance to grade their teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good teacher keeps a student up, keeps him positive and makes sure they’re on their game,” he said. He contrasted this with a “bad” teacher, who “puts you on an island and hopes that you survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Orphal, a former teachers union rep who is tenured at Skyline, said we already have a way of dealing with bad teachers. “The reality is that there’s a process by which I can be released for unprofessional conduct that takes a couple of years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10141022\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 370px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/CATeachers.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/CATeachers-370x225.jpg\" alt=\"Teachers and their supporters defend their job security in front of the L.A. Superior Courthouse. (Ike Sriskandarajah/KQED)\" width=\"370\" height=\"225\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10141022\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teachers and their supporters defend their job security in front of the L.A. Superior Courthouse. (Ike Sriskandarajah/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For him, the Vergara lawsuit misses the real issue. “We’re losing so many great teachers, before they become as great as they could be, because of the lack of support,” he said. “Somehow the solution to that is making it easier to fire more teachers?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to industry analysis, nearly half of all new teachers nationwide will leave the profession in their first five years of teaching. A second-year social studies teacher at Skyline, Amanda Doamaral, is in that crucial period. “This year is a lot better than last year,” she said. “Last year was really rough. You know, first-year teachers are just trying to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the steep learning curve, teachers in California can lose their jobs without warning or cause for their first two years. This coming fall, at the start of Doamaral’s third year, she will have earned the benefit of tenure. “You can take more risks with students if you know your principal is not just going to walk in and fire you,” she said. “I’m sure I would think about going on field trips.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to the main backer of this case, wealthy Silicon Valley businessman and charter school proponent Dave Welch, too many grossly ineffective teachers hide behind tenure laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say it’s clear that these laws seriously do hurt children,” Welch said, “and they hurt a large number of children. Hundreds of thousands of children a year are impacted by teachers in this system that are ineffective at their job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of teacher tenure in California public schools is now up to a judge — a decision is expected this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by Youth Radio.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More: \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201404290850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Entrepreneur Takes on Teacher Tenure With Massive Lawsuit\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 27 actors in the OakTech Rep's spring play are hard at work rehearsing \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All right! We really tore through Manzanar last time,\" director Jessa Brie Moreno calls out to the cast. \"I'm really proud of you guys. We're doing great.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tragicomic musical, developed by Richard Montoya of the Chicano performance troupe Culture Clash, portrays a Mexican immigrant who falls asleep as he studies for his U.S. citizenship exam. In his dreams, he meets a slew of historical figures -- from Sacagawea to Jackie Robinson -- and travels to some of the darkest corners of America's past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The performance, held May 1-3 at Oakland Technical High School, includes 78 characters, several musical numbers, elaborate sets and choreographed dances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don’t really like how we get called high school theater,\" says senior Jacob Moore, who has performed in five plays at Oakland Tech. He has two roles this spring: Jesus and a Japanese game show host. He's also in charge of costumes. \"We do productions. That’s like one thing, ever since the first show we did, I was like, 'Just a high school play? No! This is a lot!'\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140925\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech5.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech5-400x413.jpg\" alt='Kevin Covarrubias, who plays the lead in \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose,\" practices his lines with fellow performer Jessica Nguyen. (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"413\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140925\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Covarrubias, who plays the lead in \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose,\" practices his lines with fellow performer Jessica Nguyen. (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’s challenging material,\" agrees Jessa Brie Moreno, who came to Oakland Technical High School as a drama teacher eight years ago. \"We’re often putting the PG-13 rating on our posters. Because that’s who these students are and what they’re really dealing with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Moreno arrived at Oakland Tech, the school’s 900-seat auditorium was being used for storage. The building had a leaky roof and broken seats, and there was no performing arts program to speak of. Even today, Moreno says, only about a third of students at Oakland's public schools have access to any kind of arts education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moreno is helping to change that. A few years ago, the American High School Theatre Festival named the OakTech Rep one of the top 50 drama programs in the country. Moreno and her students traveled to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in Scotland -- the largest arts festival in the world -- to perform \"Hamlet: Blood in the Brain,\" an adaptation of the Shakespeare classic set in 1980s Oakland. And the troupe routinely earns high praise from professional actors and directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don’t go in with the expectation that these young guys are going to do what they do,\" says Michael Torres, chair of the theater department at Oakland's Laney College. He's been a professional stage actor for the past 26 years and works with some of Moreno's former students. \"I like watching the shows because I can hold onto the through line. It’s like watching a show in many other different places that are professional. It’s special, what’s happening there,\" at Oakland Tech, he says. \"It’s not normal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140927\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech7.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech7-400x193.jpg\" alt='The play features several choreographed dances. Here, students rehearse a medley that blends \"Ice Ice Baby\" with \"Electric Slide.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140927\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The play features several choreographed dances. Here, students rehearse a medley that blends \"Ice Ice Baby\" with \"Electric Slide.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moreno often brings in local professionals to help coach the students --actors, directors, choreographers. The group frequently writes its own work, too, such as \"99 Years,\" a play about the history of Oakland Tech, based on interviews with alumni. Moreno thinks of this as a pre-professional program, and makes sure that each performance presents new challenges and takes new risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep saying, this is the one that's going to get me fired,\" she says, laughing. \"No, this is the one! But it hasn't happened yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s probably because the program has been so successful -- and not only at Oakland Tech. A few years ago, when Moreno was one of the only drama teachers left in the district, she wrote a grant to train 10 English and history teachers in theater techniques and what she calls \"creative inquiry.\" Known as the Oakland Theatre Arts Initiative, the grant helped integrate theater arts into a handful of classrooms and build the drama program at Edna Brewer Middle School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They say that creative thought and critical thinking skills are the most lacking right now in education,\" Moreno says. \"And I think theater is a place where that all comes together and you can make use of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Moreno spends each morning at the Oakland Unified School District office developing curricula that will bring theater techniques into every classroom in the district. For some students, like Jacob Moore, that kind of opportunity is everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140928\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech9-400x296.jpg\" alt='The cast practices their rendition of the Neil Diamond classic, \"Coming to America.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"296\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140928\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cast practices their rendition of the Neil Diamond classic, \"Coming to America.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Before I lived here, when I didn’t have theater, my GPA was below a 1,\" says Moore. \"Then I got into reading and working and learning. That’s what you have to do to be in theater; you have to learn a lot about everything in the play. So I just kinda got into doing work. And now I’m like a 3.5 GPA, which is really weird for me, because that’s never happened before!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Ana Ortiz has been acting for the past two years, and she says theater has been pretty transformative for her, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I talk in front of a group of people, I get kind of shy, and when I start talking, I get red. I hate that. But when I'm on stage, that doesn't happen. I get nervous, but it's like, I let my character go. It's not me, it's my character.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefits of theater also extend beyond the stage -- and the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do breathing exercises for warm-up,\" Moreno says. \"And I had one student one year come and say, 'A guy pulled a gun on me in the bus and I used my breathing techniques and I swear it saved my life.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Literally, as well as figuratively, then, \"I get to witness the saving of student lives in my daily work, which is such a gift,\" she says. \"There’s nothing more than that, really.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 27 actors in the OakTech Rep's spring play are hard at work rehearsing \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All right! We really tore through Manzanar last time,\" director Jessa Brie Moreno calls out to the cast. \"I'm really proud of you guys. We're doing great.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tragicomic musical, developed by Richard Montoya of the Chicano performance troupe Culture Clash, portrays a Mexican immigrant who falls asleep as he studies for his U.S. citizenship exam. In his dreams, he meets a slew of historical figures -- from Sacagawea to Jackie Robinson -- and travels to some of the darkest corners of America's past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The performance, held May 1-3 at Oakland Technical High School, includes 78 characters, several musical numbers, elaborate sets and choreographed dances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don’t really like how we get called high school theater,\" says senior Jacob Moore, who has performed in five plays at Oakland Tech. He has two roles this spring: Jesus and a Japanese game show host. He's also in charge of costumes. \"We do productions. That’s like one thing, ever since the first show we did, I was like, 'Just a high school play? No! This is a lot!'\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140925\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech5.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech5-400x413.jpg\" alt='Kevin Covarrubias, who plays the lead in \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose,\" practices his lines with fellow performer Jessica Nguyen. (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"413\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140925\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Covarrubias, who plays the lead in \"American Night: The Ballad of Juan Jose,\" practices his lines with fellow performer Jessica Nguyen. (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’s challenging material,\" agrees Jessa Brie Moreno, who came to Oakland Technical High School as a drama teacher eight years ago. \"We’re often putting the PG-13 rating on our posters. Because that’s who these students are and what they’re really dealing with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Moreno arrived at Oakland Tech, the school’s 900-seat auditorium was being used for storage. The building had a leaky roof and broken seats, and there was no performing arts program to speak of. Even today, Moreno says, only about a third of students at Oakland's public schools have access to any kind of arts education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moreno is helping to change that. A few years ago, the American High School Theatre Festival named the OakTech Rep one of the top 50 drama programs in the country. Moreno and her students traveled to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in Scotland -- the largest arts festival in the world -- to perform \"Hamlet: Blood in the Brain,\" an adaptation of the Shakespeare classic set in 1980s Oakland. And the troupe routinely earns high praise from professional actors and directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don’t go in with the expectation that these young guys are going to do what they do,\" says Michael Torres, chair of the theater department at Oakland's Laney College. He's been a professional stage actor for the past 26 years and works with some of Moreno's former students. \"I like watching the shows because I can hold onto the through line. It’s like watching a show in many other different places that are professional. It’s special, what’s happening there,\" at Oakland Tech, he says. \"It’s not normal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140927\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech7.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech7-400x193.jpg\" alt='The play features several choreographed dances. Here, students rehearse a medley that blends \"Ice Ice Baby\" with \"Electric Slide.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140927\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The play features several choreographed dances. Here, students rehearse a medley that blends \"Ice Ice Baby\" with \"Electric Slide.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moreno often brings in local professionals to help coach the students --actors, directors, choreographers. The group frequently writes its own work, too, such as \"99 Years,\" a play about the history of Oakland Tech, based on interviews with alumni. Moreno thinks of this as a pre-professional program, and makes sure that each performance presents new challenges and takes new risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep saying, this is the one that's going to get me fired,\" she says, laughing. \"No, this is the one! But it hasn't happened yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s probably because the program has been so successful -- and not only at Oakland Tech. A few years ago, when Moreno was one of the only drama teachers left in the district, she wrote a grant to train 10 English and history teachers in theater techniques and what she calls \"creative inquiry.\" Known as the Oakland Theatre Arts Initiative, the grant helped integrate theater arts into a handful of classrooms and build the drama program at Edna Brewer Middle School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They say that creative thought and critical thinking skills are the most lacking right now in education,\" Moreno says. \"And I think theater is a place where that all comes together and you can make use of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Moreno spends each morning at the Oakland Unified School District office developing curricula that will bring theater techniques into every classroom in the district. For some students, like Jacob Moore, that kind of opportunity is everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140928\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/OakTech9-400x296.jpg\" alt='The cast practices their rendition of the Neil Diamond classic, \"Coming to America.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)' width=\"400\" height=\"296\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140928\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cast practices their rendition of the Neil Diamond classic, \"Coming to America.\" (Sara Bernard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Before I lived here, when I didn’t have theater, my GPA was below a 1,\" says Moore. \"Then I got into reading and working and learning. That’s what you have to do to be in theater; you have to learn a lot about everything in the play. So I just kinda got into doing work. And now I’m like a 3.5 GPA, which is really weird for me, because that’s never happened before!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior Ana Ortiz has been acting for the past two years, and she says theater has been pretty transformative for her, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I talk in front of a group of people, I get kind of shy, and when I start talking, I get red. I hate that. But when I'm on stage, that doesn't happen. I get nervous, but it's like, I let my character go. It's not me, it's my character.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefits of theater also extend beyond the stage -- and the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do breathing exercises for warm-up,\" Moreno says. \"And I had one student one year come and say, 'A guy pulled a gun on me in the bus and I used my breathing techniques and I swear it saved my life.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Berkeley High Struggles With Illegal Student Enrollment ",
"title": "Berkeley High Struggles With Illegal Student Enrollment ",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mary Flaherty\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/08/illegal-enrollment-is-boon-and-burden-to-berkeley-schools/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133606\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Parents desperate to get their kids into some schools, including Berkeley High School, cheat their way in.(Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents desperate to get their kids into some schools, including Berkeley High School, cheat their way in.(Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Sarah James went to the first meeting for her daughter’s freshman crew team at Berkeley High School, she wanted to form a carpool for the 6 a.m. practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But James (not her real name) lived in Oakland and had enrolled her daughter using a false address. James did not think she would find any other crew members living near her Rockridge bungalow, but she needn’t have worried. That fall, there were four other girls on the team who lived in Oakland, James said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official freshman crew roster, however, showed that everyone had a Berkeley address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was nearly 10 years ago, but people haven’t stopped enrolling their kids illegally in Berkeley schools. Everyone seems to know a case: people using relatives’ addresses, friends’ addresses or even rental property owned by the family who lives out of town. One recent gossip item on a local internet site: a man with a boat at the Berkeley marina, using that address to enroll his child, who lives in another city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133609\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133609\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment2-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Unified School District says illegal enrollment is common in many districts across the state. (Kaia Diringer/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Unified School District says illegal enrollment is common in many districts across the state. (Kaia Diringer/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Illegal enrollment is a problem common to strong school districts around the state, especially those that border districts with underperforming schools. Parents desperate to get their kids into schools with high test scores, clean campuses, and dedicated teachers, will cheat their way in, often rationalizing their actions by saying it really isn’t a burden to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This comes up with a lot of districts,” said Neil Smith, an assistant superintendent for the Berkeley Unified School District. “I don’t want Berkeley to think they’re the only ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody knows exactly how many students are illegally enrolled in Berkeley schools, but many agree that they can be a burden to the system. Nine years ago, in the only known comprehensive report made on the subject, a UC Berkeley graduate student \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">estimated illegal enrollment was around 10 percent\u003c/a>. A current district administrator says that number has declined, while an outside critic believes it has gone up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of students enrolled in Berkeley schools is at a high: 9,581. On some campuses, there is not enough room to teach all those children, forcing the district to use portable classrooms. This has been a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/06/27/portable-classroom-plan-at-berkeley-schools-put-on-hold/\" target=\"_blank\">particularly volatile issue at Washington Elementary School\u003c/a> this year. Berkeley High School just finished construction on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/03/19/berkeley-high-expands-with-opening-of-new-building/\" target=\"_blank\">$46 million building\u003c/a> that replaced some portables, and added a new gym and locker room. Overcrowding can make it difficult to get into popular classes. There are wait-lists for after-school care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wouldn’t bother me too much if the schools weren’t so crowded, with elementary enrollment expected to continue to grow over a few more years,” Lauren Rebusi wrote on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10152278392007456&set=a.441014592455.227050.264579842455&type=1&stream_ref=10\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside’s Facebook page\u003c/a>. “Where are all those kids going to go?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133610\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollmentbus.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-133610\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollmentbus.jpg\" alt=\"The number of grade-schoolers who don’t use the school bus service is cited as evidence of fraudulent enrollment. (Photo: BUSD)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The number of grade-schoolers who don’t use the school bus service is cited as evidence of fraudulent enrollment. (Photo: BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About a dozen Berkeleyside regulars comment frequently — and angrily — on illegal enrollment. Are others are angry? The \u003ca href=\"http://berkeley.accountableschools.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeley Accountable Schools Project\u003c/a>, an online, anonymous watchdog group, has 75 people who have signed up for email updates, and 55 who have signed a petition to the school board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many parents say they have mixed feelings about the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The critics’ concerns come down to money: Berkeley residents pay extra taxes to supplement schools, so it seems unfair to let nonresidents take advantage of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But research reveals that the question is more nuanced and difficult than appears at first glance. While illegally enrolled school children may place extra burdens on the district, they also bring in more state funds than they consume in local taxes, according to one analyst. In short, they may make money for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Debate over the situation may soon intensify, as BUSD will be asking Berkeley residents to renew a school tax in two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will not vote for more school taxes unless and until real, consistent address verification is instituted,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10152278392007456&set=a.441014592455.227050.264579842455&type=1&stream_ref=10\" target=\"_blank\">wrote Fran Haselsteiner on Berkeleyside’s Facebook page\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An indication of the sensitivity of this issue is that very few people were willing to talk to Berkeleyside on the record about illegal enrollment. This includes parents, teachers, and community members. They all asked to be anonymous — including the person who runs a website dedicated to BUSD’s enrollment issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When contacted about the issue of illegal enrollment, Superintendent Donald Evans declined to talk to Berkeleyside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133611\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133611\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment3-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"There are strong opinions about illegal enrollment in the community, which starts as early as kindergarten, but many parents and officials won’t talk about the issue publicly. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are strong opinions about illegal enrollment in the community, which starts as early as kindergarten, but many parents and officials won’t talk about the issue publicly. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Funding: A Combination of State and Tax Money\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California schools receive the bulk of their funding from the state, based on the number of students who attend each day. That number is called the average daily attendance, or ADA. While students are supposed to live in the district, or have a transfer permit, the illegally enrolled students also bring in ADA funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley schools are projected to receive about $7,550 per student for this school year, with a projected ADA of 8,965 students according to Javetta Cleveland, deputy superintendent of business services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Berkeley residents pay a parcel tax, called BSEP (Berkeley Schools Excellence Program), to supplement the schools’ budgets. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyschools.net/departments/bsep/\" target=\"_blank\">Two-thirds of the BSEP money goes to reducing class sizes\u003c/a>, with the rest making libraries, music and other programs possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents pay nearly 28 cents per square foot on their homes (so a 1,000-square-foot home would be taxed $279), while businesses pay just over 42 cents per square foot. This tax brought in $24.6 million for 2013-14. If that were calculated on a per student basis, it would equal $2,568 each, said BSEP director Natasha Beery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133614\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment4.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133614\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment4-300x300.png\" alt=\"One 9-year-old study found that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit to the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One 9-year-old study found that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit to the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 10 years ago, a UC Berkeley graduate student looked at this equation of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">ADA state funding versus BSEP\u003c/a>and concluded that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit. Even though these students “diffused” the BSEP tax, they also brought in between $1 million and $1.5 million per year in ADA funds, the graduate student, Rinat Fried, calculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Larger enrollment means more discretionary revenue for the district, which appears to compensate for BSEP diffusion,” Fried wrote in her 2005 report called \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\"Attending to the Bottom Line: Boosting District Revenue and Enhancing Educational Mission Through Interdistrict Enrollment & Attendance Policy\u003c/a>.\" The report was part of her graduate work at the Goldman School of Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrive at this conclusion, Fried first had to calculate how many “unofficial transfers,” as she put it, were attending Berkeley schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Big is the Problem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2005 report, Fried wrote that, until then, the district “never attempted to estimate the number of inter-district students attending unofficially.” At the time, there were a total of roughly 9,000 students in the district, down from a peak of about 9,500 in 2000. Enrollment has now surpassed that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fried wrote that the district attendance manager, Francisco Martinez, estimated at that time that “between 7 percent and 12 percent of currently [2005] enrolled students in the district attend unofficially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fried went on to try to verify that estimate, using four methods, and concluded that about 8 percent to 12 percent of students — 720 to 1,075 kids — were illegally enrolled at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She checked 2000 census records for the number of children living in Berkeley (factoring in private school enrollment), which yielded a 7.8 percent unofficial enrollment rate. She also crosschecked addresses for phone numbers with out-of-Berkeley exchanges, and came up with an 8 percent to 14 percent rate. Her look at feeder schools among Berkeley High freshman suggested that 10 percent were illegally enrolled. And, finally, she surveyed teachers in one Berkeley elementary school, asking them to mark names of students who lived elsewhere. Double checking for transfer permits, the results suggested that 16 percent of that school’s students were illegally enrolled. Combining these four methods, she came up with the 8-to-12 percent figures [\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">p. 19 of the report\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment5.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133615\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment5-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Estimates of the number of illegally enrolled students in the district, including at Berkeley High, are hard to pin down. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Estimates of the number of illegally enrolled students in the district, including at Berkeley High, are hard to pin down. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fried, who now works for the Oakland School District, declined to comment on her report for this news story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District administrators initially hesitated to provide Berkeleyside with a current estimate of the number of illegally enrolled students. But, just recently, Martinez, the admissions director, said that he thinks the percent of students attending illegally from out of district is “much lower than it was before (at the time of Fried’s report),” although he declined to actually make an estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the nine years since Fried’s report appeared, BUSD has taken a number of steps to research and cut down on illegal enrollment, said Martinez. That includes hiring an investigator to make home visits to verify people’s addresses and updating the status of homeless families. “We are doing a much more thorough job now,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, the BASP website author, who insists on anonymity, says he has analyzed recent census data using Fried’s methods, and believes illegal enrollments have gone up: “The number of fraudulently enrolled students in 2009, 2010, 2011-2012 ranges from one to three times what Fried measured in her study,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lack of Data Leads to Rampant Speculation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So have illegal enrollments gone up or gone down? The lack of publicly shared data makes for a lot of speculation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In online forums, and in off-the-record calls to Berkeleyside reporters, residents point to their evidence of enrollment fraud: the number of kids coming into Berkeley on BART every morning, the number of grade-schoolers who don’t use school bus service, the number of families who don’t list addresses in school directories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Observers point to demographics as well; because the percentage of African-American students in Berkeley schools is higher than the percentage of African-American residents reported in the 2010 census for the city, many of those kids must be from other cities, critics argue. Those claims bring out accusations of racism, and the conversation gets ugly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133616\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment6.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133616\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment6-300x300.png\" alt=\"BUSD says there is not a particular demographic group enrolling fraudulently, rather it covers the whole spectrum. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BUSD says there is not a particular demographic group enrolling fraudulently, rather it covers the whole spectrum. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The problem for parents isn’t just about tax money. Some complain that the out-of-district students, who are presumed to come from low-income families, are creating more discipline problems. Others complain about the “rich Oakland Hills” families that send their kids to Berkeley for a free ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a particular group (enrolling fraudulently),” Martinez said. “It covers the whole spectrum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, amidst all the speculation, one factor that casual observers need to consider is that more than 1,000 students without permanent Berkeley addresses attend Berkeley schools legally. In addition, a large number of children in joint custody live in two households, and so may appear to be out-of-towners. In other words, the number of “unofficial transfers” may be lower than it appears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Out-of-Towners Makes the Issue Complicated\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[This enrollment issue] is much more complicated than people would like to think it is,” said School Board President Josh Daniels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133617\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/joshdaniels.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/joshdaniels-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Josh Daniels: He himself sometimes traveled to Berkeley schools from outside the city. (Photo: Josh Daniels)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josh Daniels: He himself sometimes traveled to Berkeley schools from outside the city. (Photo: Josh Daniels)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Daniels pointed to his own case, growing up in Berkeley. When he was 6, his parents divorced and his dad moved to Walnut Creek. Daniels split his time between the two homes, so sometimes he was coming to school from Walnut Creek. The district doesn’t have numbers for how many kids live in more than one household, since only their Berkeley address is required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cathy Campbell, president of the Berkeley Federation of Teachers, agreed that residency can be complicated when students have fluctuating home situations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are in and out of Berkeley, living with a grandmother for a while, an aunt for while. There’s a flow of families in and out of Berkeley — that’s part of what makes it complex,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the transfer students — meaning they live in another city and have requested to transfer from their local school district to Berkeley. Martinez said there are 599 transfers this year, out of roughly 9,500 students — about 6 percent of the student population. That’s about 46 students per grade. According to Asst. BUSD Superintendent Smith, transfer numbers have gone way down since the era of Superintendent Jack McLaughlin, who believed in boosting revenue by filling empty classroom space with transfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 48 transfer students were newly admitted. Of those, 30 are the children of employees. (The union contract gives employees the right to enroll their children in Berkeley schools, regardless of where they live.) Half were admitted to kindergarten, the rest to other grades. About one-third of transfer permit requests were granted; two-thirds were turned down for lack of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Albany appears to have far more transfer students than Berkeley: 12 percent of its 3,850 students last year, compared to Berkeley’s 6 percent of the student body this year. Still, in recent years, said an administrator, Albany has been accepting only employees’ children as transfers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another 5 percent of students in Berkeley schools are listed as homeless — that’s 478 kids at present, according to Susan Craig, director of student services. The majority of homeless families in the district are doubled up in homes with friends or relatives, according to Craig, with a smaller number living in motels, shelters, transitional housing, vehicles and churches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they lack a fixed night-time residence, they are, by federal definition, homeless,” Craig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter where they land temporarily — Berkeley or elsewhere — they have the right, under the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/programs/homeless/guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Act\u003c/a>, to stay at the school they were already in, if they choose to do so. The goal is to provide one source of stability in the children’s lives, while their families move around. (See p. 13 of the \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/programs/homeless/guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">act\u003c/a>.) If families resettle permanently in another community, they are expected to enroll their kids there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the recent past, the district did not check in with homeless families to find out if they were still homeless, Craig said. Clearly, this represented an opportunity to stay in Berkeley schools for the formerly homeless. It’s even possible families that were never homeless registered as such in kindergarten in order to get into the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, in fact, the current school year started with 600 students listed as homeless. In the fall of 2013, for the first time, district officials asked the families to verify their status; 122 came forward with the information that they are not homeless now. Those 122 students are allowed to finish out the school year, but, if they no longer live in Berkeley, they will have to request — and be granted — a transfer in order to return next year. Another status check is currently underway, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In summary, that’s 1,077 students — 11 percent of the student population of about 9,500 — who don’t have a permanent home in Berkeley, but attend school here legally. That makes for a lot of kids not on the school bus or perhaps taking BART to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, no one — neither district administrators, nor school board members — is denying that others are here illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Proof of Residency: Three Proofs Required\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the district should do more to catch people cheating their way into school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the school district does now is require \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyschools.net/departments/berkeley-school-admissions/required-enrollment-documentation/\" target=\"_blank\">three proofs of residency\u003c/a> from families entering the district. One must be a utility bill (PG&E, water, garbage, phone, cable, Internet). The other two can include a driver’s license, bank statement or paycheck stub.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the district doesn’t ask for is a mortgage document or a rental lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Accountable Schools Project \u003ca href=\"http://berkeley.accountableschools.com/index.php/how-to-combat-fraudulent-enrollment/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends that the district require a deed \u003c/a>or rental lease, and that renters provide a copy of the landlord’s rental license. The idea is that proof of ownership or rental would make enrollment fraud more difficult to pull off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment7.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133618\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment7-640x461.png\" alt=\"First day of school at John Muir Elementary: BUSD now requires three proofs of residency from families entering the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"640\" height=\"461\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First day of school at John Muir Elementary: BUSD now requires three proofs of residency from families entering the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Martinez, who has been admissions manager for 14 years, says that leases can be faked, making them almost worthless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s easy to find a lease online,” Martinez said. Furthermore, bona fide mortgages can be used falsely, if they are for property in Berkeley that the parents rent out, while they live elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that utility bills are not as easy to fake. However, one parent who spoke to Berkeleyside last fall demonstrated a way around that. An Oakland mom, she used her parents’ Berkeley address to enroll her son at Berkeley High this past year. She took over their bills, set up a bank account at that address, and changed her driver’s license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing that her parents had paid tax in Berkeley since the 1980s and never sent anyone to public school helped ease her conscience, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hardest part about this is asking ‘David’ to lie,” said the mother. She had looked at Oakland Tech for her son, she said, but Berkeley High seemed better organized and less chaotic. They couldn’t afford private school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if leases and utility bills can be faked, what can and does the district do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enrollment Enforcement: Home Visits Require Respect\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez said that when something on an enrollment form seems off — a telephone exchange from outside Berkeley for example — his office checks it. In some cases, a BUSD employee makes a home visit to verify the child lives at the address. Sometimes, Martinez said, when parents are told there could be a home visit, they come forward and admit to using a false address.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">In 2013-2014 the district conducted 358 home visits, approved 290 of them and denied 66.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martinez said visits generally occur early in the morning before school or in the evening. The child must be home and is often asked to show the inspector around the house, including where they sleep and where they keep their belongings. It’s an awkward job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be respectful and ask for permission,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District staff members (mainly one employee), conducted 358 home visits for the 2013-2014 school year (mostly in the summer before school began). This year, 290 of those cases were approved for enrollment, while 66 were denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This past summer we really ramped up the home visit process. There were more denials to families,” Craig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those home visits, 27 of them were to families with caregiver affidavits. Those are cases where the child lives full-time with another adult, often a grandparent, in Berkeley, while the parents live elsewhere. Every caregiver affidavit situation gets a home visit, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district first hired an investigator in 2005, but the position was empty for a while a few years later. It has since been filled. This year, the district hired another part-time person to help with address verifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, every student’s address gets re-checked when they submit their paperwork to enter middle school, Martinez said. Re-verifications don’t happen again for entering high school, but Martinez said it’s being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related issue, the district also takes a look at its legal transfer students every year, Martinez said. Each principal is given a list of transfer students, who must have a good record of attendance, no serious discipline problems, and a satisfactory academic performance to continue at the school. If students don’t meet all of those requirements, their transfer permit is not renewed. Students are advised of these conditions when they get their transfer permit, and if they’re not doing well, they receive a warning letter in January. This past summer, the district denied permits to 108 students for these reasons, and kept another 553 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Berkeley’s Neighbors Are Doing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Berkeley Unified should follow the example of neighboring districts, and do more to verify residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Piedmont, one of the most highly regarded school districts in Northern California, has developed a complex set of rules to make sure its students live in Piedmont.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We don’t see out-of-district kids as a drawback. In fact, I want to teach as many kids as possible.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Piedmont requires that both parents, if married, live in town. This is to prevent a family from renting a place in Piedmont to gain access to the school system, while maintaining a primary residence elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If divorced parents have joint custody, the student must live 50 percent of the time with the parent in Piedmont (at least during the school year). The district reserves the right to see custody papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a student had one parent that lived in Berkeley and stayed once in a while with their parent who lived in Piedmont, then that child would be considered a resident of Berkeley for the purposes of school enrollment,” said Constance Hubbard, the superintendent of the Piedmont Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for paperwork, in addition to three proofs of residency — similar to Berkeley’s list of accepted documents — Piedmont also requires a grant deed, a property tax statement, or a rental lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To discourage people from assuming the bills of a Piedmont homeowner (like ‘David’’s mother), the school district reserves the right to prosecute anyone who allows their address to be used to register a student falsely, although, Hubbard said that she does not think anyone has ever been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Piedmont also has an on-call, hourly investigator who makes home visits, often early in the morning. The most home visits the investigator has made in a year is five, according to Constance Hubbard, the school superintendent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the Albany Unified School District made a concerted effort to identify fraudulently enrolled students. First the district offered amnesty; if families came forward, those students could finish the school year, and apply for a transfer to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the amnesty, any student caught would be kicked out of school right away. By October 2011, the district had discovered 35 students enrolled illegally and were scrutinizing another 200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2011, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ausdk12.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=92418&type=d&pREC_ID=173228\" target=\"_blank\">Albany has required all families to verify their residency every year\u003c/a>, according to Marsha Brown, director of student services, and, like in Piedmont, a mortgage or lease document is required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does it act as a deterrent?” Brown said about the annual re-verification. “I believe so. Is it foolproof? No.” Just recently, she said, the district found three families using the same rental address – so clearly attempts at fraud continue. Brown said she thought about 95 percent of Albany parents support the annual re-verification process. Albany residents, like Berkeley, pay a parcel tax to benefit the schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Beverly Hills Unified School District in Southern California also requires families to re-verify their addresses. Officials randomly select one-third of the student body to check every year, according to a BHUSD spokesman. Prior to this re-verification, in 2010, the Los Angeles Times reported an \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jan/17/local/la-me-bevhills17-2010jan17\" target=\"_blank\">example of enrollment fraud in Beverly Hills\u003c/a> that could have come out of a Hollywood script: “One memorable incident involved the parent who went to a Beverly Hills home and placed a mailbox with her name on it in the front yard. The actual owner alerted school officials, who removed the box and expelled the student…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illegal Enrollment Not Always Best for the Student\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem with students attending illegally, Fried stated in her 2005 report, is that it can put the students at a disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In talking to grade-school teachers, who often knew where students lived, Fried found that the unofficially enrolled students had more tardies — often due to commutes and traffic — and so missed more time in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, the teacher said of a struggling learner from Concord who missed reading class many days, “We believe [he] would be better off at a [Concord] school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern was lack of contact with the families trying to lie low. Sometimes teachers found the phone numbers listed for those families were not correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment8.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133619\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment8-640x424.png\" alt=\"Students at King Middle School: Illegal enrollment is not always the best choice for kids. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"640\" height=\"424\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at King Middle School: Illegal enrollment is not always the best choice for kids. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, according to one Berkeley High School teacher, that problem has diminished over the past decade, with email, cell phones and PowerSchool, the online student record system accessible to families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a lot easier to reach parents now. I can assume there’s a cell phone and I am getting a parent directly,” the teacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teacher, along with many BUSD officials and school board members, seems to have an unstated belief that Berkeley is a more tolerant, inclusive community that sees the benefit of an educated citizenry. As such, Berkeley has a responsibility to all students — even those who live outside the district. What would happen to those students kicked out? Would the older students transfer to their hometown schools, or would some drop out? What would happen to struggling students if they attended a school with fewer resources?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have an opportunity to educate more students in a more stable environment, at a better school, why would we limit that?” said the teacher. “We don’t see out of district kids as a drawback. In fact, I want to teach as many kids as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Report Recommended ‘Regularizing’ Unofficial Transfers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Rinat Fried’s 2005 report she recommended that Berkeley “regularize” its unofficial transfers because of the financial gain, and try to get them enrolled legally. To do this, she said, the district would have to require “stricter proof of residency rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This recommendation has a flaw though, said board member Josh Daniels. To transfer legally, the students need to get a release from their hometown district — which another district might decline to do as it would rather keep ADA funding than give it away to Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Accountable Schools Project website recommends that, in addition to tightening documentation requirements, the district should establish an anonymous tip-line to report illegal enrollments, follow up on those, and offer an amnesty program to lower enforcement costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does the District Plan to Do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the hiring in recent years of home inspectors, the increased number of home visits last summer, and the follow-up last fall on homeless families, the district contends it is taking steps towards reducing unofficial transfers. The district also is working harder to scrutinize incoming enrollments, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to prevent the problem rather than having to deal with it later,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it has not taken any of the larger measures called for by critics. With enrollment for kindergarten in the fall already underway, no changes have been made to documentation requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And an annual re-verification of all students, like Albany does, would require more staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One anonymous teacher claimed that the teachers union doesn’t support cracking down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my many years as a teacher in Berkeley …. The teachers’ union is very aware of the problem, but their response is they don’t care about enforcing the rules because more students (from wherever) means more jobs for Berkeley teachers (and consequently more dues-paying members),” wrote the commentator who identified himself or herself as “rhuberry.” “I was on the BFT [teachers union] executive board for a few years so I know of what I speak. Complaints would come in from teachers who felt overwhelmed by too many difficult students, many from out of district, and wanted some support from the union. Union wouldn’t take a stand on enforcing enrollment procedures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asst. Superintendent Smith called the issue “important — it’s on our radar — people are aware of it.” But pressed on priorities, Smith said: “Of course, it’s not our number one priority. We have to educate the kids that are here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “This year, the transition to Common Core is a major undertaking. And now there’s a new local control funding formula and accountability plan. It’s a major change in how district receives and spends state funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the district has its hands full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School Board President Josh Daniels also stressed that the district has a lot of other issues on its plate. And he declined to speak for the whole board, because the board hasn’t discussed the issue, as a group, in quite a while. (“Although I know individually we’ve been thinking about it,” Daniels said.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking only for himself, Daniels said that he understands that parents want to see the issue as simple when their kids are crowded into classrooms and put on wait-lists. “But the problem is not easily definable. And the solution is even more difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, Daniels indicated that the district and the community will probably be discussing illegal enrollment over the next two years. “We’re going to engage in a pretty robust process in terms of developing next BSEP measure,” he said. “If it appears more attention [to illegal enrollment] is necessary, we can address it through that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Frances Dinkelspiel contributed to the reporting of this article.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley, Calif. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mary Flaherty\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/08/illegal-enrollment-is-boon-and-burden-to-berkeley-schools/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133606\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Parents desperate to get their kids into some schools, including Berkeley High School, cheat their way in.(Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents desperate to get their kids into some schools, including Berkeley High School, cheat their way in.(Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Sarah James went to the first meeting for her daughter’s freshman crew team at Berkeley High School, she wanted to form a carpool for the 6 a.m. practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But James (not her real name) lived in Oakland and had enrolled her daughter using a false address. James did not think she would find any other crew members living near her Rockridge bungalow, but she needn’t have worried. That fall, there were four other girls on the team who lived in Oakland, James said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official freshman crew roster, however, showed that everyone had a Berkeley address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was nearly 10 years ago, but people haven’t stopped enrolling their kids illegally in Berkeley schools. Everyone seems to know a case: people using relatives’ addresses, friends’ addresses or even rental property owned by the family who lives out of town. One recent gossip item on a local internet site: a man with a boat at the Berkeley marina, using that address to enroll his child, who lives in another city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133609\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133609\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment2-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Unified School District says illegal enrollment is common in many districts across the state. (Kaia Diringer/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Unified School District says illegal enrollment is common in many districts across the state. (Kaia Diringer/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Illegal enrollment is a problem common to strong school districts around the state, especially those that border districts with underperforming schools. Parents desperate to get their kids into schools with high test scores, clean campuses, and dedicated teachers, will cheat their way in, often rationalizing their actions by saying it really isn’t a burden to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This comes up with a lot of districts,” said Neil Smith, an assistant superintendent for the Berkeley Unified School District. “I don’t want Berkeley to think they’re the only ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody knows exactly how many students are illegally enrolled in Berkeley schools, but many agree that they can be a burden to the system. Nine years ago, in the only known comprehensive report made on the subject, a UC Berkeley graduate student \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">estimated illegal enrollment was around 10 percent\u003c/a>. A current district administrator says that number has declined, while an outside critic believes it has gone up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of students enrolled in Berkeley schools is at a high: 9,581. On some campuses, there is not enough room to teach all those children, forcing the district to use portable classrooms. This has been a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/06/27/portable-classroom-plan-at-berkeley-schools-put-on-hold/\" target=\"_blank\">particularly volatile issue at Washington Elementary School\u003c/a> this year. Berkeley High School just finished construction on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/03/19/berkeley-high-expands-with-opening-of-new-building/\" target=\"_blank\">$46 million building\u003c/a> that replaced some portables, and added a new gym and locker room. Overcrowding can make it difficult to get into popular classes. There are wait-lists for after-school care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wouldn’t bother me too much if the schools weren’t so crowded, with elementary enrollment expected to continue to grow over a few more years,” Lauren Rebusi wrote on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10152278392007456&set=a.441014592455.227050.264579842455&type=1&stream_ref=10\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside’s Facebook page\u003c/a>. “Where are all those kids going to go?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133610\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollmentbus.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-133610\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollmentbus.jpg\" alt=\"The number of grade-schoolers who don’t use the school bus service is cited as evidence of fraudulent enrollment. (Photo: BUSD)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The number of grade-schoolers who don’t use the school bus service is cited as evidence of fraudulent enrollment. (Photo: BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About a dozen Berkeleyside regulars comment frequently — and angrily — on illegal enrollment. Are others are angry? The \u003ca href=\"http://berkeley.accountableschools.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeley Accountable Schools Project\u003c/a>, an online, anonymous watchdog group, has 75 people who have signed up for email updates, and 55 who have signed a petition to the school board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many parents say they have mixed feelings about the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The critics’ concerns come down to money: Berkeley residents pay extra taxes to supplement schools, so it seems unfair to let nonresidents take advantage of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But research reveals that the question is more nuanced and difficult than appears at first glance. While illegally enrolled school children may place extra burdens on the district, they also bring in more state funds than they consume in local taxes, according to one analyst. In short, they may make money for the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Debate over the situation may soon intensify, as BUSD will be asking Berkeley residents to renew a school tax in two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will not vote for more school taxes unless and until real, consistent address verification is instituted,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10152278392007456&set=a.441014592455.227050.264579842455&type=1&stream_ref=10\" target=\"_blank\">wrote Fran Haselsteiner on Berkeleyside’s Facebook page\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An indication of the sensitivity of this issue is that very few people were willing to talk to Berkeleyside on the record about illegal enrollment. This includes parents, teachers, and community members. They all asked to be anonymous — including the person who runs a website dedicated to BUSD’s enrollment issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When contacted about the issue of illegal enrollment, Superintendent Donald Evans declined to talk to Berkeleyside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133611\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133611\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment3-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"There are strong opinions about illegal enrollment in the community, which starts as early as kindergarten, but many parents and officials won’t talk about the issue publicly. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are strong opinions about illegal enrollment in the community, which starts as early as kindergarten, but many parents and officials won’t talk about the issue publicly. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Funding: A Combination of State and Tax Money\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California schools receive the bulk of their funding from the state, based on the number of students who attend each day. That number is called the average daily attendance, or ADA. While students are supposed to live in the district, or have a transfer permit, the illegally enrolled students also bring in ADA funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley schools are projected to receive about $7,550 per student for this school year, with a projected ADA of 8,965 students according to Javetta Cleveland, deputy superintendent of business services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Berkeley residents pay a parcel tax, called BSEP (Berkeley Schools Excellence Program), to supplement the schools’ budgets. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyschools.net/departments/bsep/\" target=\"_blank\">Two-thirds of the BSEP money goes to reducing class sizes\u003c/a>, with the rest making libraries, music and other programs possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents pay nearly 28 cents per square foot on their homes (so a 1,000-square-foot home would be taxed $279), while businesses pay just over 42 cents per square foot. This tax brought in $24.6 million for 2013-14. If that were calculated on a per student basis, it would equal $2,568 each, said BSEP director Natasha Beery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133614\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment4.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133614\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment4-300x300.png\" alt=\"One 9-year-old study found that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit to the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One 9-year-old study found that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit to the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 10 years ago, a UC Berkeley graduate student looked at this equation of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">ADA state funding versus BSEP\u003c/a>and concluded that illegally enrolled students were a net financial benefit. Even though these students “diffused” the BSEP tax, they also brought in between $1 million and $1.5 million per year in ADA funds, the graduate student, Rinat Fried, calculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Larger enrollment means more discretionary revenue for the district, which appears to compensate for BSEP diffusion,” Fried wrote in her 2005 report called \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\"Attending to the Bottom Line: Boosting District Revenue and Enhancing Educational Mission Through Interdistrict Enrollment & Attendance Policy\u003c/a>.\" The report was part of her graduate work at the Goldman School of Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrive at this conclusion, Fried first had to calculate how many “unofficial transfers,” as she put it, were attending Berkeley schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Big is the Problem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2005 report, Fried wrote that, until then, the district “never attempted to estimate the number of inter-district students attending unofficially.” At the time, there were a total of roughly 9,000 students in the district, down from a peak of about 9,500 in 2000. Enrollment has now surpassed that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fried wrote that the district attendance manager, Francisco Martinez, estimated at that time that “between 7 percent and 12 percent of currently [2005] enrolled students in the district attend unofficially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fried went on to try to verify that estimate, using four methods, and concluded that about 8 percent to 12 percent of students — 720 to 1,075 kids — were illegally enrolled at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She checked 2000 census records for the number of children living in Berkeley (factoring in private school enrollment), which yielded a 7.8 percent unofficial enrollment rate. She also crosschecked addresses for phone numbers with out-of-Berkeley exchanges, and came up with an 8 percent to 14 percent rate. Her look at feeder schools among Berkeley High freshman suggested that 10 percent were illegally enrolled. And, finally, she surveyed teachers in one Berkeley elementary school, asking them to mark names of students who lived elsewhere. Double checking for transfer permits, the results suggested that 16 percent of that school’s students were illegally enrolled. Combining these four methods, she came up with the 8-to-12 percent figures [\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Attending-to-the-Bottomline-Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">p. 19 of the report\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment5.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133615\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment5-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Estimates of the number of illegally enrolled students in the district, including at Berkeley High, are hard to pin down. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Estimates of the number of illegally enrolled students in the district, including at Berkeley High, are hard to pin down. (Frances Dinkelspiel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fried, who now works for the Oakland School District, declined to comment on her report for this news story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District administrators initially hesitated to provide Berkeleyside with a current estimate of the number of illegally enrolled students. But, just recently, Martinez, the admissions director, said that he thinks the percent of students attending illegally from out of district is “much lower than it was before (at the time of Fried’s report),” although he declined to actually make an estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the nine years since Fried’s report appeared, BUSD has taken a number of steps to research and cut down on illegal enrollment, said Martinez. That includes hiring an investigator to make home visits to verify people’s addresses and updating the status of homeless families. “We are doing a much more thorough job now,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, the BASP website author, who insists on anonymity, says he has analyzed recent census data using Fried’s methods, and believes illegal enrollments have gone up: “The number of fraudulently enrolled students in 2009, 2010, 2011-2012 ranges from one to three times what Fried measured in her study,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lack of Data Leads to Rampant Speculation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So have illegal enrollments gone up or gone down? The lack of publicly shared data makes for a lot of speculation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In online forums, and in off-the-record calls to Berkeleyside reporters, residents point to their evidence of enrollment fraud: the number of kids coming into Berkeley on BART every morning, the number of grade-schoolers who don’t use school bus service, the number of families who don’t list addresses in school directories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Observers point to demographics as well; because the percentage of African-American students in Berkeley schools is higher than the percentage of African-American residents reported in the 2010 census for the city, many of those kids must be from other cities, critics argue. Those claims bring out accusations of racism, and the conversation gets ugly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133616\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment6.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133616\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment6-300x300.png\" alt=\"BUSD says there is not a particular demographic group enrolling fraudulently, rather it covers the whole spectrum. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BUSD says there is not a particular demographic group enrolling fraudulently, rather it covers the whole spectrum. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The problem for parents isn’t just about tax money. Some complain that the out-of-district students, who are presumed to come from low-income families, are creating more discipline problems. Others complain about the “rich Oakland Hills” families that send their kids to Berkeley for a free ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a particular group (enrolling fraudulently),” Martinez said. “It covers the whole spectrum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, amidst all the speculation, one factor that casual observers need to consider is that more than 1,000 students without permanent Berkeley addresses attend Berkeley schools legally. In addition, a large number of children in joint custody live in two households, and so may appear to be out-of-towners. In other words, the number of “unofficial transfers” may be lower than it appears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Out-of-Towners Makes the Issue Complicated\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[This enrollment issue] is much more complicated than people would like to think it is,” said School Board President Josh Daniels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133617\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/joshdaniels.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-133617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/joshdaniels-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Josh Daniels: He himself sometimes traveled to Berkeley schools from outside the city. (Photo: Josh Daniels)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Josh Daniels: He himself sometimes traveled to Berkeley schools from outside the city. (Photo: Josh Daniels)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Daniels pointed to his own case, growing up in Berkeley. When he was 6, his parents divorced and his dad moved to Walnut Creek. Daniels split his time between the two homes, so sometimes he was coming to school from Walnut Creek. The district doesn’t have numbers for how many kids live in more than one household, since only their Berkeley address is required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cathy Campbell, president of the Berkeley Federation of Teachers, agreed that residency can be complicated when students have fluctuating home situations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are in and out of Berkeley, living with a grandmother for a while, an aunt for while. There’s a flow of families in and out of Berkeley — that’s part of what makes it complex,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the transfer students — meaning they live in another city and have requested to transfer from their local school district to Berkeley. Martinez said there are 599 transfers this year, out of roughly 9,500 students — about 6 percent of the student population. That’s about 46 students per grade. According to Asst. BUSD Superintendent Smith, transfer numbers have gone way down since the era of Superintendent Jack McLaughlin, who believed in boosting revenue by filling empty classroom space with transfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 48 transfer students were newly admitted. Of those, 30 are the children of employees. (The union contract gives employees the right to enroll their children in Berkeley schools, regardless of where they live.) Half were admitted to kindergarten, the rest to other grades. About one-third of transfer permit requests were granted; two-thirds were turned down for lack of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Albany appears to have far more transfer students than Berkeley: 12 percent of its 3,850 students last year, compared to Berkeley’s 6 percent of the student body this year. Still, in recent years, said an administrator, Albany has been accepting only employees’ children as transfers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another 5 percent of students in Berkeley schools are listed as homeless — that’s 478 kids at present, according to Susan Craig, director of student services. The majority of homeless families in the district are doubled up in homes with friends or relatives, according to Craig, with a smaller number living in motels, shelters, transitional housing, vehicles and churches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they lack a fixed night-time residence, they are, by federal definition, homeless,” Craig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter where they land temporarily — Berkeley or elsewhere — they have the right, under the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/programs/homeless/guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Act\u003c/a>, to stay at the school they were already in, if they choose to do so. The goal is to provide one source of stability in the children’s lives, while their families move around. (See p. 13 of the \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/programs/homeless/guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">act\u003c/a>.) If families resettle permanently in another community, they are expected to enroll their kids there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the recent past, the district did not check in with homeless families to find out if they were still homeless, Craig said. Clearly, this represented an opportunity to stay in Berkeley schools for the formerly homeless. It’s even possible families that were never homeless registered as such in kindergarten in order to get into the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, in fact, the current school year started with 600 students listed as homeless. In the fall of 2013, for the first time, district officials asked the families to verify their status; 122 came forward with the information that they are not homeless now. Those 122 students are allowed to finish out the school year, but, if they no longer live in Berkeley, they will have to request — and be granted — a transfer in order to return next year. Another status check is currently underway, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In summary, that’s 1,077 students — 11 percent of the student population of about 9,500 — who don’t have a permanent home in Berkeley, but attend school here legally. That makes for a lot of kids not on the school bus or perhaps taking BART to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, no one — neither district administrators, nor school board members — is denying that others are here illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Proof of Residency: Three Proofs Required\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the district should do more to catch people cheating their way into school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the school district does now is require \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyschools.net/departments/berkeley-school-admissions/required-enrollment-documentation/\" target=\"_blank\">three proofs of residency\u003c/a> from families entering the district. One must be a utility bill (PG&E, water, garbage, phone, cable, Internet). The other two can include a driver’s license, bank statement or paycheck stub.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the district doesn’t ask for is a mortgage document or a rental lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Accountable Schools Project \u003ca href=\"http://berkeley.accountableschools.com/index.php/how-to-combat-fraudulent-enrollment/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends that the district require a deed \u003c/a>or rental lease, and that renters provide a copy of the landlord’s rental license. The idea is that proof of ownership or rental would make enrollment fraud more difficult to pull off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment7.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133618\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment7-640x461.png\" alt=\"First day of school at John Muir Elementary: BUSD now requires three proofs of residency from families entering the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"640\" height=\"461\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First day of school at John Muir Elementary: BUSD now requires three proofs of residency from families entering the district. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Martinez, who has been admissions manager for 14 years, says that leases can be faked, making them almost worthless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s easy to find a lease online,” Martinez said. Furthermore, bona fide mortgages can be used falsely, if they are for property in Berkeley that the parents rent out, while they live elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that utility bills are not as easy to fake. However, one parent who spoke to Berkeleyside last fall demonstrated a way around that. An Oakland mom, she used her parents’ Berkeley address to enroll her son at Berkeley High this past year. She took over their bills, set up a bank account at that address, and changed her driver’s license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knowing that her parents had paid tax in Berkeley since the 1980s and never sent anyone to public school helped ease her conscience, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hardest part about this is asking ‘David’ to lie,” said the mother. She had looked at Oakland Tech for her son, she said, but Berkeley High seemed better organized and less chaotic. They couldn’t afford private school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if leases and utility bills can be faked, what can and does the district do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enrollment Enforcement: Home Visits Require Respect\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez said that when something on an enrollment form seems off — a telephone exchange from outside Berkeley for example — his office checks it. In some cases, a BUSD employee makes a home visit to verify the child lives at the address. Sometimes, Martinez said, when parents are told there could be a home visit, they come forward and admit to using a false address.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">In 2013-2014 the district conducted 358 home visits, approved 290 of them and denied 66.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martinez said visits generally occur early in the morning before school or in the evening. The child must be home and is often asked to show the inspector around the house, including where they sleep and where they keep their belongings. It’s an awkward job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to be respectful and ask for permission,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District staff members (mainly one employee), conducted 358 home visits for the 2013-2014 school year (mostly in the summer before school began). This year, 290 of those cases were approved for enrollment, while 66 were denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This past summer we really ramped up the home visit process. There were more denials to families,” Craig said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those home visits, 27 of them were to families with caregiver affidavits. Those are cases where the child lives full-time with another adult, often a grandparent, in Berkeley, while the parents live elsewhere. Every caregiver affidavit situation gets a home visit, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district first hired an investigator in 2005, but the position was empty for a while a few years later. It has since been filled. This year, the district hired another part-time person to help with address verifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, every student’s address gets re-checked when they submit their paperwork to enter middle school, Martinez said. Re-verifications don’t happen again for entering high school, but Martinez said it’s being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a related issue, the district also takes a look at its legal transfer students every year, Martinez said. Each principal is given a list of transfer students, who must have a good record of attendance, no serious discipline problems, and a satisfactory academic performance to continue at the school. If students don’t meet all of those requirements, their transfer permit is not renewed. Students are advised of these conditions when they get their transfer permit, and if they’re not doing well, they receive a warning letter in January. This past summer, the district denied permits to 108 students for these reasons, and kept another 553 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Berkeley’s Neighbors Are Doing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Berkeley Unified should follow the example of neighboring districts, and do more to verify residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Piedmont, one of the most highly regarded school districts in Northern California, has developed a complex set of rules to make sure its students live in Piedmont.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We don’t see out-of-district kids as a drawback. In fact, I want to teach as many kids as possible.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Piedmont requires that both parents, if married, live in town. This is to prevent a family from renting a place in Piedmont to gain access to the school system, while maintaining a primary residence elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If divorced parents have joint custody, the student must live 50 percent of the time with the parent in Piedmont (at least during the school year). The district reserves the right to see custody papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a student had one parent that lived in Berkeley and stayed once in a while with their parent who lived in Piedmont, then that child would be considered a resident of Berkeley for the purposes of school enrollment,” said Constance Hubbard, the superintendent of the Piedmont Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for paperwork, in addition to three proofs of residency — similar to Berkeley’s list of accepted documents — Piedmont also requires a grant deed, a property tax statement, or a rental lease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To discourage people from assuming the bills of a Piedmont homeowner (like ‘David’’s mother), the school district reserves the right to prosecute anyone who allows their address to be used to register a student falsely, although, Hubbard said that she does not think anyone has ever been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Piedmont also has an on-call, hourly investigator who makes home visits, often early in the morning. The most home visits the investigator has made in a year is five, according to Constance Hubbard, the school superintendent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the Albany Unified School District made a concerted effort to identify fraudulently enrolled students. First the district offered amnesty; if families came forward, those students could finish the school year, and apply for a transfer to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the amnesty, any student caught would be kicked out of school right away. By October 2011, the district had discovered 35 students enrolled illegally and were scrutinizing another 200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2011, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ausdk12.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=92418&type=d&pREC_ID=173228\" target=\"_blank\">Albany has required all families to verify their residency every year\u003c/a>, according to Marsha Brown, director of student services, and, like in Piedmont, a mortgage or lease document is required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does it act as a deterrent?” Brown said about the annual re-verification. “I believe so. Is it foolproof? No.” Just recently, she said, the district found three families using the same rental address – so clearly attempts at fraud continue. Brown said she thought about 95 percent of Albany parents support the annual re-verification process. Albany residents, like Berkeley, pay a parcel tax to benefit the schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Beverly Hills Unified School District in Southern California also requires families to re-verify their addresses. Officials randomly select one-third of the student body to check every year, according to a BHUSD spokesman. Prior to this re-verification, in 2010, the Los Angeles Times reported an \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jan/17/local/la-me-bevhills17-2010jan17\" target=\"_blank\">example of enrollment fraud in Beverly Hills\u003c/a> that could have come out of a Hollywood script: “One memorable incident involved the parent who went to a Beverly Hills home and placed a mailbox with her name on it in the front yard. The actual owner alerted school officials, who removed the box and expelled the student…”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Illegal Enrollment Not Always Best for the Student\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem with students attending illegally, Fried stated in her 2005 report, is that it can put the students at a disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In talking to grade-school teachers, who often knew where students lived, Fried found that the unofficially enrolled students had more tardies — often due to commutes and traffic — and so missed more time in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, the teacher said of a struggling learner from Concord who missed reading class many days, “We believe [he] would be better off at a [Concord] school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another concern was lack of contact with the families trying to lie low. Sometimes teachers found the phone numbers listed for those families were not correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment8.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133619\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/enrollment8-640x424.png\" alt=\"Students at King Middle School: Illegal enrollment is not always the best choice for kids. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\" width=\"640\" height=\"424\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at King Middle School: Illegal enrollment is not always the best choice for kids. (Mark Coplan/BUSD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, according to one Berkeley High School teacher, that problem has diminished over the past decade, with email, cell phones and PowerSchool, the online student record system accessible to families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a lot easier to reach parents now. I can assume there’s a cell phone and I am getting a parent directly,” the teacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teacher, along with many BUSD officials and school board members, seems to have an unstated belief that Berkeley is a more tolerant, inclusive community that sees the benefit of an educated citizenry. As such, Berkeley has a responsibility to all students — even those who live outside the district. What would happen to those students kicked out? Would the older students transfer to their hometown schools, or would some drop out? What would happen to struggling students if they attended a school with fewer resources?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have an opportunity to educate more students in a more stable environment, at a better school, why would we limit that?” said the teacher. “We don’t see out of district kids as a drawback. In fact, I want to teach as many kids as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Report Recommended ‘Regularizing’ Unofficial Transfers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Rinat Fried’s 2005 report she recommended that Berkeley “regularize” its unofficial transfers because of the financial gain, and try to get them enrolled legally. To do this, she said, the district would have to require “stricter proof of residency rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This recommendation has a flaw though, said board member Josh Daniels. To transfer legally, the students need to get a release from their hometown district — which another district might decline to do as it would rather keep ADA funding than give it away to Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Accountable Schools Project website recommends that, in addition to tightening documentation requirements, the district should establish an anonymous tip-line to report illegal enrollments, follow up on those, and offer an amnesty program to lower enforcement costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does the District Plan to Do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the hiring in recent years of home inspectors, the increased number of home visits last summer, and the follow-up last fall on homeless families, the district contends it is taking steps towards reducing unofficial transfers. The district also is working harder to scrutinize incoming enrollments, Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to prevent the problem rather than having to deal with it later,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it has not taken any of the larger measures called for by critics. With enrollment for kindergarten in the fall already underway, no changes have been made to documentation requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And an annual re-verification of all students, like Albany does, would require more staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One anonymous teacher claimed that the teachers union doesn’t support cracking down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my many years as a teacher in Berkeley …. The teachers’ union is very aware of the problem, but their response is they don’t care about enforcing the rules because more students (from wherever) means more jobs for Berkeley teachers (and consequently more dues-paying members),” wrote the commentator who identified himself or herself as “rhuberry.” “I was on the BFT [teachers union] executive board for a few years so I know of what I speak. Complaints would come in from teachers who felt overwhelmed by too many difficult students, many from out of district, and wanted some support from the union. Union wouldn’t take a stand on enforcing enrollment procedures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asst. Superintendent Smith called the issue “important — it’s on our radar — people are aware of it.” But pressed on priorities, Smith said: “Of course, it’s not our number one priority. We have to educate the kids that are here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “This year, the transition to Common Core is a major undertaking. And now there’s a new local control funding formula and accountability plan. It’s a major change in how district receives and spends state funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the district has its hands full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School Board President Josh Daniels also stressed that the district has a lot of other issues on its plate. And he declined to speak for the whole board, because the board hasn’t discussed the issue, as a group, in quite a while. (“Although I know individually we’ve been thinking about it,” Daniels said.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking only for himself, Daniels said that he understands that parents want to see the issue as simple when their kids are crowded into classrooms and put on wait-lists. “But the problem is not easily definable. And the solution is even more difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, Daniels indicated that the district and the community will probably be discussing illegal enrollment over the next two years. “We’re going to engage in a pretty robust process in terms of developing next BSEP measure,” he said. “If it appears more attention [to illegal enrollment] is necessary, we can address it through that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Frances Dinkelspiel contributed to the reporting of this article.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley, Calif. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Poll: Even Some Republicans Bullish on Jerry Brown?",
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"headTitle": "California Election Watch 2014 | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121939\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/12/24/121931/Gov-Jerry-Brown-pardons-Christmas-Eve/rs7953_185719392-scr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-121939\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-121939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS7953_185719392-scr-640x422.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's one of the most familiar sayings in the world of politics: the only poll that matters is the official one taken on Election Day. But polls do offer a snapshot in time of a campaign ... which is why a brand new glimpse into the 2014 race for governor is so interesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here it is: \u003ca href=\"http://www.neelkashkari.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Neel Kashkari\u003c/a>, the preferred pick of many in California's Republican establishment, looks to have less support from voters \u003cem>in his own party\u003c/em> than Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, you read that right — less than six weeks from the June 3 election, a new statewide poll shows the veteran Democratic governor with more Republican support than one of the most talked about Republican challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1097\" target=\"_blank\">poll from the nonpartisan Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a> finds Brown with 46 percent support among likely voters overall, a five-fold lead over any of his potential challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But among Republicans, he's the choice of 7 percent of those surveyed, while Kashkari only musters 5 percent GOP voter support.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> 31 percent of GOP voters think he's doing a good job as governor.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A small plurality of Republican voters — 20 percent — favor \u003ca href=\"http://www.electtimdonnelly.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Tim Donnelly\u003c/a>, the Tea Party-aligned assemblyman from San Bernardino County. \u003ca href=\"http://www.andrewblount.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Andrew Blount\u003c/a>, the mayor of Laguna Beach, barely edges the governor among Republicans with 8 percent support. The vast majority of GOP voters — 58 percent — are undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PPIC survey is just the latest statewide to show Donnelly, a staunch conservative who gets a warm reception from die-hard GOP audiences, as the de facto frontrunner. And yet his support remains relatively small, with some political observers arguing that Donnelly has limited appeal beyond core Republican voters. Some have started publicly saying they fear a Brown vs. Donnelly fall matchup \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2014/apr/09/local/la-me-republicans-california-20140410\" target=\"_blank\">could hurt the GOP's chances in other races\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet Kashkari, \u003ca href=\"http://www.news10.net/story/news/politics/john-myers/2014/03/13/neel-kashkari-looks-for-momentum-to-become-governor/6391829/\" target=\"_blank\">a former federal official who crafted the TARP effort of 2008 and a first-time candidate for office\u003c/a>, clearly has failed so far to make any noticeable inroads among likely voters. And it's not as though he's not trying: the 40-year-old Newport Beach resident has been traveling the state for more than a year, he's released relatively substantive position papers on jobs and education (the latter coming just Tuesday), and it's hard to browse a California news or political website without seeing a \"Kashkari for Governor\" ad pop up on the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, Brown seems to be unaffected by the increasing number of attacks being launched by either Kashkari or Donnelly; the PPIC poll finds 56 percent of likely voters think he's doing a good job as governor. That number is higher than his base support in PPIC's question about the actual primary election, but that may be because some voters don't feel the need to vote for Brown in June ... given he's assured a spot on the November ballot, and this is the first statewide June election in which all voters can vote for all candidates (\u003ca href=\"http://www.kcet.org/news/ballotbrief/election-law/californias-new-top-two-open-primaries-explained.html\" target=\"_blank\">with only the top two advancing to the fall ballot\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Kashkari can gain any traction with voters, education issues could be part of his arsenal. The PPIC poll, which is largely about how Californians view K-12 and higher education, shows Brown is on thinner ice with the electorate when it comes to schools. Just 33 percent of likely voters approve of his work on public schools. And on Tuesday, Kashkari released his thoughts on schools -- which, in a nutshell, are to send tax dollars to individual schools and let them pretty much do whatever they want with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty percent of adults polled by PPIC say the quality of education in California schools is a big problem, and 55 percent say have the same high level of worry about the state budget's treatment of schools. The governor's signature education reform -- last year's shift of more unrestricted dollars to English learners and students from low-income families -- draws support in this poll, but just 27 percent of those surveyed actually knew of the program by name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's support among Republicans, who may see him as the most moderate of the Democratic voices in Sacramento, is even higher when it comes to his approval numbers. 31 percent of GOP voters think he's doing a good job as governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measuring Brown's appeal among Republicans depends, of course, on whether any given poll has a reasonably sized sample of GOP voters. Only 28 percent of California voters polled by PPIC identified themselves as Republican, with 44 percent as Democrats and 22 percent as independents. That's pretty much in line with official voter registration stats, but it might be an undersampling for the June election, where historically GOP turnout has been strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no one knows that a larger Republican sampling would have meant anything different ... and so, for now, these numbers raise some interesting questions. Can Kashkari, who has only about a third of the support of Donnelly, keep bashing Jerry Brown and hope to make it to the November ballot? Or does he have to start attacking the GOP frontrunner?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can Donnelly win enough of the huge 58 percent of undecided GOP primary voters in the PPIC poll to emerge victorious?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, perhaps most fascinating ... will even more Republicans decide that, absent a better choice, they'll cast a vote on June 3 for one of the most iconic Democrats in California history? This poll suggests that's not the craziest idea out there.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121939\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/12/24/121931/Gov-Jerry-Brown-pardons-Christmas-Eve/rs7953_185719392-scr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-121939\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-121939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS7953_185719392-scr-640x422.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's one of the most familiar sayings in the world of politics: the only poll that matters is the official one taken on Election Day. But polls do offer a snapshot in time of a campaign ... which is why a brand new glimpse into the 2014 race for governor is so interesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here it is: \u003ca href=\"http://www.neelkashkari.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Neel Kashkari\u003c/a>, the preferred pick of many in California's Republican establishment, looks to have less support from voters \u003cem>in his own party\u003c/em> than Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, you read that right — less than six weeks from the June 3 election, a new statewide poll shows the veteran Democratic governor with more Republican support than one of the most talked about Republican challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1097\" target=\"_blank\">poll from the nonpartisan Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a> finds Brown with 46 percent support among likely voters overall, a five-fold lead over any of his potential challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But among Republicans, he's the choice of 7 percent of those surveyed, while Kashkari only musters 5 percent GOP voter support.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> 31 percent of GOP voters think he's doing a good job as governor.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A small plurality of Republican voters — 20 percent — favor \u003ca href=\"http://www.electtimdonnelly.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Tim Donnelly\u003c/a>, the Tea Party-aligned assemblyman from San Bernardino County. \u003ca href=\"http://www.andrewblount.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Andrew Blount\u003c/a>, the mayor of Laguna Beach, barely edges the governor among Republicans with 8 percent support. The vast majority of GOP voters — 58 percent — are undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PPIC survey is just the latest statewide to show Donnelly, a staunch conservative who gets a warm reception from die-hard GOP audiences, as the de facto frontrunner. And yet his support remains relatively small, with some political observers arguing that Donnelly has limited appeal beyond core Republican voters. Some have started publicly saying they fear a Brown vs. Donnelly fall matchup \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2014/apr/09/local/la-me-republicans-california-20140410\" target=\"_blank\">could hurt the GOP's chances in other races\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet Kashkari, \u003ca href=\"http://www.news10.net/story/news/politics/john-myers/2014/03/13/neel-kashkari-looks-for-momentum-to-become-governor/6391829/\" target=\"_blank\">a former federal official who crafted the TARP effort of 2008 and a first-time candidate for office\u003c/a>, clearly has failed so far to make any noticeable inroads among likely voters. And it's not as though he's not trying: the 40-year-old Newport Beach resident has been traveling the state for more than a year, he's released relatively substantive position papers on jobs and education (the latter coming just Tuesday), and it's hard to browse a California news or political website without seeing a \"Kashkari for Governor\" ad pop up on the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, Brown seems to be unaffected by the increasing number of attacks being launched by either Kashkari or Donnelly; the PPIC poll finds 56 percent of likely voters think he's doing a good job as governor. That number is higher than his base support in PPIC's question about the actual primary election, but that may be because some voters don't feel the need to vote for Brown in June ... given he's assured a spot on the November ballot, and this is the first statewide June election in which all voters can vote for all candidates (\u003ca href=\"http://www.kcet.org/news/ballotbrief/election-law/californias-new-top-two-open-primaries-explained.html\" target=\"_blank\">with only the top two advancing to the fall ballot\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Kashkari can gain any traction with voters, education issues could be part of his arsenal. The PPIC poll, which is largely about how Californians view K-12 and higher education, shows Brown is on thinner ice with the electorate when it comes to schools. Just 33 percent of likely voters approve of his work on public schools. And on Tuesday, Kashkari released his thoughts on schools -- which, in a nutshell, are to send tax dollars to individual schools and let them pretty much do whatever they want with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty percent of adults polled by PPIC say the quality of education in California schools is a big problem, and 55 percent say have the same high level of worry about the state budget's treatment of schools. The governor's signature education reform -- last year's shift of more unrestricted dollars to English learners and students from low-income families -- draws support in this poll, but just 27 percent of those surveyed actually knew of the program by name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's support among Republicans, who may see him as the most moderate of the Democratic voices in Sacramento, is even higher when it comes to his approval numbers. 31 percent of GOP voters think he's doing a good job as governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measuring Brown's appeal among Republicans depends, of course, on whether any given poll has a reasonably sized sample of GOP voters. Only 28 percent of California voters polled by PPIC identified themselves as Republican, with 44 percent as Democrats and 22 percent as independents. That's pretty much in line with official voter registration stats, but it might be an undersampling for the June election, where historically GOP turnout has been strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no one knows that a larger Republican sampling would have meant anything different ... and so, for now, these numbers raise some interesting questions. Can Kashkari, who has only about a third of the support of Donnelly, keep bashing Jerry Brown and hope to make it to the November ballot? Or does he have to start attacking the GOP frontrunner?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can Donnelly win enough of the huge 58 percent of undecided GOP primary voters in the PPIC poll to emerge victorious?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, perhaps most fascinating ... will even more Republicans decide that, absent a better choice, they'll cast a vote on June 3 for one of the most iconic Democrats in California history? This poll suggests that's not the craziest idea out there.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Speier Demands Accountability for Campus Sexual Assaults",
"title": "Speier Demands Accountability for Campus Sexual Assaults",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Nina Thorsen, Mina Kim and The Associated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/174015208.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133551\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/174015208-640x437.jpg\" alt=\"Rep. Jackie Speier (D-CA) spoke with military sexual assault survivors during a House Veteran Affairs Subcomittee on Capitol Hill. (Mark Wilson/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"437\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Jackie Speier (D-CA) spoke with military sexual assault survivors during a House Veteran Affairs Subcomittee on Capitol Hill. (Mark Wilson/Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Mark Wilson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Federal officials are investigating how UC Berkeley responds to reports of campus sexual assaults. The investigation began after dozens of \u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">UC Berkeley \u003c/span>students and alumni \u003ca href=\"http://www.insidebayarea.com/News/ci_25595393/UC-Berkeley-sexual-assault-policies-draw\" target=\"_blank\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> with the U.S. Department of Education in February, alleging the university mishandled campus disciplinary cases inv\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">olving sexual violence.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley isn't the only university in the spotlight right now for mishandling sexual assault cases. Just a few cases in the news include the probe into \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/04/16/sports/errors-in-inquiry-on-rape-allegations-against-fsu-jameis-winston.html\" target=\"_blank\">Florida State\u003c/a>'s lack of investigation in the sexual assault of a freshman, while \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/14/amherst-vanderbilt-sexual-assault_n_4271138.html\" target=\"_blank\">Vanderbilt and Amherst are also being sued\u003c/a> for mishandling student complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'You shouldn't have to walk on a college campus in fear of being sexually assaulted.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One in every five women will be sexually assaulted while in college, but less than 5 percent will report the assault to law enforcement, according to the U.S. Justice Department. Several national efforts are in the works to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/21/transparency-sexual-assault-investigations-college_n_5186197.html\" target=\"_blank\">Recommendations from the White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault\u003c/a> are expected to go public next week, and Bay Area Congresswoman Jackie Speier (D-CA-14) plans to introduce federal legislation to strengthen laws to combat sexual assault on students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of the problems that exist, exist because (academic institutions) are closed systems, they have their own internal law enforcement, and for the most part, these cases historically have been swept under the rug,\" Speier said. \"Some of these institutions don't have rape kits on campus. If you're raped on a college campus, you might have to travel 10 or 15 miles to get to a facility that has a rape kit. That's unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-berkeley-assault-20140420,0,5686653.story#axzz2zfMzvfWC\" target=\"_blank\">an appearance at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> last week, Speier said universities have to be accountable for interviewing any student who files a complaint of sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier told KQED that she wants to increase funding for federal investigations, campus surveys and to create more comprehensive data on the outcomes of cases. She also wants to make it mandatory for universities to interview students who file complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of these cases, when they come to the attention of the Department of Education, end up in confidential resolutions that the public is not aware of, and I don't think that is helpful in terms of families who are contemplating sending their children to universities and want to be confident in knowing they're safe,\" Speier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of her campaign, Speier is pushing U.S. News and World Report to include information about campus response to sexual violence in its popular annual rankings of colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier said federal action in this area is both appropriate and potentially very effective. \"Federal funds can be withheld from any institution of higher learning that does not comply with the nondiscrimination protections of Title IX,\" she said. \"That means Pell Grants, student loans, R&D research monies. It's a big hammer, and it's often taken seriously when a review is undertaken by the Department of Education.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts at some institutions to put the responsibility for preventing sexual assault on potential victims was also unacceptable, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a trap that people fall into, that somehow in order to protect oneself, you're supposed to wear sneakers – that was one of the recommendations from an administrator at a university; wear sneakers, so you can run away faster. You shouldn't have to walk on a college campus in fear of being sexually assaulted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/146013223&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Nina Thorsen, Mina Kim and The Associated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/174015208.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133551\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/174015208-640x437.jpg\" alt=\"Rep. Jackie Speier (D-CA) spoke with military sexual assault survivors during a House Veteran Affairs Subcomittee on Capitol Hill. (Mark Wilson/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"437\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Jackie Speier (D-CA) spoke with military sexual assault survivors during a House Veteran Affairs Subcomittee on Capitol Hill. (Mark Wilson/Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Mark Wilson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Federal officials are investigating how UC Berkeley responds to reports of campus sexual assaults. The investigation began after dozens of \u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">UC Berkeley \u003c/span>students and alumni \u003ca href=\"http://www.insidebayarea.com/News/ci_25595393/UC-Berkeley-sexual-assault-policies-draw\" target=\"_blank\">filed a complaint\u003c/a> with the U.S. Department of Education in February, alleging the university mishandled campus disciplinary cases inv\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">olving sexual violence.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley isn't the only university in the spotlight right now for mishandling sexual assault cases. Just a few cases in the news include the probe into \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/04/16/sports/errors-in-inquiry-on-rape-allegations-against-fsu-jameis-winston.html\" target=\"_blank\">Florida State\u003c/a>'s lack of investigation in the sexual assault of a freshman, while \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/14/amherst-vanderbilt-sexual-assault_n_4271138.html\" target=\"_blank\">Vanderbilt and Amherst are also being sued\u003c/a> for mishandling student complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'You shouldn't have to walk on a college campus in fear of being sexually assaulted.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One in every five women will be sexually assaulted while in college, but less than 5 percent will report the assault to law enforcement, according to the U.S. Justice Department. Several national efforts are in the works to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/21/transparency-sexual-assault-investigations-college_n_5186197.html\" target=\"_blank\">Recommendations from the White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault\u003c/a> are expected to go public next week, and Bay Area Congresswoman Jackie Speier (D-CA-14) plans to introduce federal legislation to strengthen laws to combat sexual assault on students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many of the problems that exist, exist because (academic institutions) are closed systems, they have their own internal law enforcement, and for the most part, these cases historically have been swept under the rug,\" Speier said. \"Some of these institutions don't have rape kits on campus. If you're raped on a college campus, you might have to travel 10 or 15 miles to get to a facility that has a rape kit. That's unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-berkeley-assault-20140420,0,5686653.story#axzz2zfMzvfWC\" target=\"_blank\">an appearance at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> last week, Speier said universities have to be accountable for interviewing any student who files a complaint of sexual misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier told KQED that she wants to increase funding for federal investigations, campus surveys and to create more comprehensive data on the outcomes of cases. She also wants to make it mandatory for universities to interview students who file complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of these cases, when they come to the attention of the Department of Education, end up in confidential resolutions that the public is not aware of, and I don't think that is helpful in terms of families who are contemplating sending their children to universities and want to be confident in knowing they're safe,\" Speier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of her campaign, Speier is pushing U.S. News and World Report to include information about campus response to sexual violence in its popular annual rankings of colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier said federal action in this area is both appropriate and potentially very effective. \"Federal funds can be withheld from any institution of higher learning that does not comply with the nondiscrimination protections of Title IX,\" she said. \"That means Pell Grants, student loans, R&D research monies. It's a big hammer, and it's often taken seriously when a review is undertaken by the Department of Education.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts at some institutions to put the responsibility for preventing sexual assault on potential victims was also unacceptable, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a trap that people fall into, that somehow in order to protect oneself, you're supposed to wear sneakers – that was one of the recommendations from an administrator at a university; wear sneakers, so you can run away faster. You shouldn't have to walk on a college campus in fear of being sexually assaulted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/146013223&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/elmhurst-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"elmhurst\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elmhust Community Prep, in Oakland, where schools have been getting a wireless computer network upgrade as well as new computers in preparation for online testing. (Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oakland grade-school students will start taking the state's new online standardized tests this week. District technology experts have been working hard over spring break to make sure every school's wireless network is ready to handle the testing. The district spent $3.2 million on Google Chromebooks and Internet upgrades in preparation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elmhurst Principal Killian Betlach says his teachers have been using Chromebooks in the classroom for more than a year, but have been frustrated with slow Internet speeds, and they have frequently gotten booted off the network. That's made teachers reluctant to rely on technology when planning lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Krull, Oakland Unified's IT director, says his team has quadrupled the wireless bandwidth in most schools, and Betlach says he's now confident that everyone can simultaneously use the network without impacting its reliability. He expects the devices will allow teachers to give a group of students a task online so that the teachers will be freed up to help struggling students in a smaller group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California provided the money for the tech upgrade in order to prepare schools for the new online standardized tests. When those are over, the schools will keep the new devices to support teaching. Oakland planned its technology purposes with these two uses in mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Really our plan is that these Chromebooks are for teaching and learning as well as for assessment,\" Krull said. \"We want to have that link between teaching and learning and assessments so that we roll the Chromebook carts into the classroom, the students are used to using them for learning. And then when it's time to do testing, they just use them for testing.\" The carts will allow students to take the tests in their own classrooms, where they are comfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district can easily configure the devices for testing so that students cannot navigate to other resources online while taking the test. Then, when testing is over, they switch off the testing mode and the device once again can be used to access any part of the Internet allowed under the school's filter.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"disqusTitle": "UC Offers Admission to Record-High Number of Students",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8355_73908800-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133255\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8355_73908800-lpr-640x433.jpg\" alt=\"UC Berkeley students walk through Sather Gate in this photo from 2007. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"433\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley students walk through Sather Gate in this photo from 2007. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The University of California has offered admission to its 2014 freshman class to a record-high number of students — 86,865 students to be exact. There are more state residents and more Latinos than ever, as well as a wide mix of out-of-state and international residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The admissions reflect an increase of 4.8 percent over preliminary counts for 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos jumped as a proportion of the total admitted by UC, from 27.6 percent in 2013 to 28.8 percent in 2014. They were the biggest ethnic group among UC applicants and the quickest-growing ethnic group among California high school graduates. That makes them the second-largest ethnic group of state residents admitted to UC, behind Asian-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White students constituted 26.8 percent of admissions for 2014, followed by African-Americans at 4.2 percent. UC reported that it's continuing to admit very large and growing proportions of freshmen who would be the first to attend college in their families — 42.5 percent of admitted California applicants. Those who come from low-income families are 37.4 percent, those attending low-performing high schools are 20.9 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what else UC had to say:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Preliminary data show the number of California applicants admitted — 61,120 — increased by 1.7 percent over last year. Californians continued to make up the vast majority of admitted students. Although four of UC’s nine undergraduate campuses made fewer offers to non-resident students this year, the overall number of such offers increased from a systemwide total of 22,761 in 2013 to 25,745 in 2014. It is important to note, however, that applicants from outside California traditionally decline UC admission offers at a higher rate than do Californians. It is expected that, systemwide, about 13 percent of enrolled UC undergraduates in 2014-15 will be out-of-state and international students.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>May 1 is the deadline for admitted students to return their statement of intent to register, the last step in the admissions process before enrollment. In a change for the next admissions cycle, UC will open its 2015-16 application for undergraduate admissions on Aug. 1, two months earlier than in previous years. Completed applications have to be submitted between Nov. 1-30, the same as in prior years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8355_73908800-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133255\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8355_73908800-lpr-640x433.jpg\" alt=\"UC Berkeley students walk through Sather Gate in this photo from 2007. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"433\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley students walk through Sather Gate in this photo from 2007. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The University of California has offered admission to its 2014 freshman class to a record-high number of students — 86,865 students to be exact. There are more state residents and more Latinos than ever, as well as a wide mix of out-of-state and international residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The admissions reflect an increase of 4.8 percent over preliminary counts for 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos jumped as a proportion of the total admitted by UC, from 27.6 percent in 2013 to 28.8 percent in 2014. They were the biggest ethnic group among UC applicants and the quickest-growing ethnic group among California high school graduates. That makes them the second-largest ethnic group of state residents admitted to UC, behind Asian-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White students constituted 26.8 percent of admissions for 2014, followed by African-Americans at 4.2 percent. UC reported that it's continuing to admit very large and growing proportions of freshmen who would be the first to attend college in their families — 42.5 percent of admitted California applicants. Those who come from low-income families are 37.4 percent, those attending low-performing high schools are 20.9 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what else UC had to say:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Preliminary data show the number of California applicants admitted — 61,120 — increased by 1.7 percent over last year. Californians continued to make up the vast majority of admitted students. Although four of UC’s nine undergraduate campuses made fewer offers to non-resident students this year, the overall number of such offers increased from a systemwide total of 22,761 in 2013 to 25,745 in 2014. It is important to note, however, that applicants from outside California traditionally decline UC admission offers at a higher rate than do Californians. It is expected that, systemwide, about 13 percent of enrolled UC undergraduates in 2014-15 will be out-of-state and international students.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>May 1 is the deadline for admitted students to return their statement of intent to register, the last step in the admissions process before enrollment. In a change for the next admissions cycle, UC will open its 2015-16 application for undergraduate admissions on Aug. 1, two months earlier than in previous years. Completed applications have to be submitted between Nov. 1-30, the same as in prior years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Schoolkids are pointing and clicking their way through the state’s first computerized assessment in math and English. Because this is a practice year, the scores won't count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_131520\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 355px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-131520 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/kidstest.jpg\" alt=\"kidstest\" width=\"355\" height=\"237\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo: Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Michael Jung)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is making the switch to a new test because schools now follow a new set of academic standards called Common Core. The standards move away from classroom lectures and focus instead on hands-on projects and critical thinking skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assessment relies heavily on the written word and comes with many new on-screen features, including ways to customize the testing experience for the state’s 1.3 million English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online testing tools include translations, spell-check and ways to break up text so students have an easier time reading passages and questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also glossaries in 10 languages, ranging from Punjabi to Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many English learners are happy for the support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the test is going to be fun, mostly because it’s all on computer,” said Donna Rosales, a fourth-grade student at Greer Elementary in Sacramento. “But I will need some help in understanding some of the questions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Education experts say offering these tools marks a big change for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has long struggled with the right way to teach and test students who are non-native English speakers. Sixteen years ago, voters approved Proposition 227, which dismantled bilingual education in favor of English immersion classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Linquanti, project director for English Learner Evaluation and Accountability Support at WestEd, an education research group, said the new testing tools show schools have evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These supports are going to help level the playing field for English learners,” he said. “The language interference will be minimized. … Students will be learning English and will demonstrate what they know using English, but these supports will help that process, so the students can really show what they know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant parents like Aracelis Navarro are grateful. Her daughter is a second-grader at Greer Elementary in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She can understand more (English) than she can speak,” Navarro said. “At home, we only speak Spanish. I'm happy there will be some support for her as she learns both languages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts, however, say one of the challenges for teachers will be matching every English learner with the right online testing tools. If mistakes happen along the way, student scores could suffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t want those tools to get in the way,” said Sally Bennett-Schmidt, assessment director for the San Diego County Office of Education. “You don’t want students to sit down, and there are so many fancy features. It’s like figuring out a brand-new microwave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to boost testing performance, some districts have been trying to give their English learners more practice on computer programs that mimic the new online state assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Chula Vista Unified School District in San Diego County has been using a variety of language-based computer programs that encourage students to read out loud, write short answers, and analyze and extract text from reading passages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers at Myrtle S. Finney Elementary School in Chula Vista look forward to a new way of measuring student knowledge, but need more training to fully understand how to customize the testing experience for their English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finney Elementary School Principal Olivia Amador-Valerio said with so much at stake, she wishes there was more time to prepare her teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all nervous,” she said. “The crucial piece has been time. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Schoolkids are pointing and clicking their way through the state’s first computerized assessment in math and English. Because this is a practice year, the scores won't count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_131520\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 355px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-131520 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/kidstest.jpg\" alt=\"kidstest\" width=\"355\" height=\"237\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo: Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Michael Jung)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is making the switch to a new test because schools now follow a new set of academic standards called Common Core. The standards move away from classroom lectures and focus instead on hands-on projects and critical thinking skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assessment relies heavily on the written word and comes with many new on-screen features, including ways to customize the testing experience for the state’s 1.3 million English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online testing tools include translations, spell-check and ways to break up text so students have an easier time reading passages and questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also glossaries in 10 languages, ranging from Punjabi to Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many English learners are happy for the support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the test is going to be fun, mostly because it’s all on computer,” said Donna Rosales, a fourth-grade student at Greer Elementary in Sacramento. “But I will need some help in understanding some of the questions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Education experts say offering these tools marks a big change for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has long struggled with the right way to teach and test students who are non-native English speakers. Sixteen years ago, voters approved Proposition 227, which dismantled bilingual education in favor of English immersion classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Linquanti, project director for English Learner Evaluation and Accountability Support at WestEd, an education research group, said the new testing tools show schools have evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These supports are going to help level the playing field for English learners,” he said. “The language interference will be minimized. … Students will be learning English and will demonstrate what they know using English, but these supports will help that process, so the students can really show what they know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant parents like Aracelis Navarro are grateful. Her daughter is a second-grader at Greer Elementary in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She can understand more (English) than she can speak,” Navarro said. “At home, we only speak Spanish. I'm happy there will be some support for her as she learns both languages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts, however, say one of the challenges for teachers will be matching every English learner with the right online testing tools. If mistakes happen along the way, student scores could suffer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t want those tools to get in the way,” said Sally Bennett-Schmidt, assessment director for the San Diego County Office of Education. “You don’t want students to sit down, and there are so many fancy features. It’s like figuring out a brand-new microwave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to boost testing performance, some districts have been trying to give their English learners more practice on computer programs that mimic the new online state assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Chula Vista Unified School District in San Diego County has been using a variety of language-based computer programs that encourage students to read out loud, write short answers, and analyze and extract text from reading passages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers at Myrtle S. Finney Elementary School in Chula Vista look forward to a new way of measuring student knowledge, but need more training to fully understand how to customize the testing experience for their English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finney Elementary School Principal Olivia Amador-Valerio said with so much at stake, she wishes there was more time to prepare her teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all nervous,” she said. “The crucial piece has been time. Time to really understand and think about what are the implications (of the new testing tools) and how are we going to make this work for every single child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say principals and teachers have to figure this all out soon, or risk seeing their school's overall performance dip when the real test comes next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The testing window for this year's practice test closes in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/142931654&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Chinese-American Political Power Comes of Age in Affirmative Action Fight",
"headTitle": "Chinese-American Political Power Comes of Age in Affirmative Action Fight | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>By Josie Huang, \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing you won’t see on this fall’s ballot: A measure to overturn California’s ban on affirmative action in public higher education. To the surprise of many Democrats in Sacramento, what seemed like a done deal died in the state Legislature last month after dramatic opposition from Chinese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129652\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-129652 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS8355_73908800-lpr-640x433.jpg\" alt=\"Students at UC Berkeley's Sather Gate. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"384\" height=\"260\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at UC Berkeley’s Sather Gate. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Word started to spread about the bill, SCA5, in late January, after state senators voted to ask Californians whether they wanted to reinstate race-conscious admissions at public universities. Some Chinese-American parents thought admission should be strictly merit-based, and they worried their children would lose college spots to students of other races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They started to mobilize. In one incident, protesters surrounded state Assembly Member Ed Chau outside his office in the Southern California city of Monterey Park. As cameras for a Chinese-language station rolled, protesters wanted to know if the Democrat would oppose SCA5 or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will not support it. I will not vote yes,” Chau told them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s exactly what opponents wanted to hear. They had barraged legislators with emails and phone calls, sent around a petition that got more than 114,000 signatures, and held town hall meetings in places with large Chinese populations like Silicon Valley and San Gabriel Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some observers say this kind of activism signals a political maturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Lai, who teaches ethnic politics at Santa Clara University, says most Chinese Americans in the U.S. emigrated in recent decades. “When they first arrived, they probably wouldn’t have done that,” he says. “But over time, they acculturate and understand they also have a place here in American politics. This is their new home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One tactic opponents mastered was building coalitions. Olivia Liao is president of a Chinese university alumni association that joined forces with seven Chinese-American community groups in Southern California to get the word out on SCA5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have decided that we need to raise the awareness of everyone in the Asian community,” she said. “And let people come out and tell the Legislature our voices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition lobbied Chinese-American politicians, including the three Democratic state senators who had all voted with their party to approve the bill that would put the measure on the state ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Asian American politicians have been spoiled by new immigrants’ immaturity with politics,” says S.B. Woo, president of a national political action committee called 80-20, a reference to the proportion of Asian-American votes the group says can swing presidential elections. The committee joined the coalition fighting attempts to revive race-based admissions at California universities. Woo says in Chinese culture, political leaders command deference from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elected officials must be the great scholars, and therefore you (have) to respect them like their parents,” Wu says. “But that’s feudal way of thinking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “feudal way of thinking” is fading. Under pressure from angry constituents, the three Chinese-American senators backed off from their votes and asked the Assembly speaker to stop the measure from going further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that was cause for celebration for these newly energized activists, other Chinese-Americans shook their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to not only look at your own self-interest, but also to look at what’s good for a broader society, what’s good for all of us, as Californians,” said Karen Wang, of Asian Americans Advancing Justice in L.A. She says people she knows who are of Chinese descent and who have grown up here see the value in affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of us are able to achieve what we’re able to achieve because we benefited from civil rights advancements that happened before us,” she says. She hopes there can be a debate on improving access to California’s chronically underfunded universities for students of all races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others have a different focus: Proving to politicians that Chinese Americans are not to be underestimated. The group 80-20 is urging Chinese Americans to register as Republicans before the primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know parties check registration records all the time,” says Woo. “It would be a very good warning to the extreme liberals in the Democratic Party. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woo says that several Chinese-American groups throughout California have already signed on. Playing political parties off one another — now that , he says, is one of the best traditions of democracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201404010850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to the audio\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By Josie Huang, \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing you won’t see on this fall’s ballot: A measure to overturn California’s ban on affirmative action in public higher education. To the surprise of many Democrats in Sacramento, what seemed like a done deal died in the state Legislature last month after dramatic opposition from Chinese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129652\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-129652 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS8355_73908800-lpr-640x433.jpg\" alt=\"Students at UC Berkeley's Sather Gate. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"384\" height=\"260\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at UC Berkeley’s Sather Gate. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Word started to spread about the bill, SCA5, in late January, after state senators voted to ask Californians whether they wanted to reinstate race-conscious admissions at public universities. Some Chinese-American parents thought admission should be strictly merit-based, and they worried their children would lose college spots to students of other races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They started to mobilize. In one incident, protesters surrounded state Assembly Member Ed Chau outside his office in the Southern California city of Monterey Park. As cameras for a Chinese-language station rolled, protesters wanted to know if the Democrat would oppose SCA5 or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will not support it. I will not vote yes,” Chau told them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s exactly what opponents wanted to hear. They had barraged legislators with emails and phone calls, sent around a petition that got more than 114,000 signatures, and held town hall meetings in places with large Chinese populations like Silicon Valley and San Gabriel Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some observers say this kind of activism signals a political maturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Lai, who teaches ethnic politics at Santa Clara University, says most Chinese Americans in the U.S. emigrated in recent decades. “When they first arrived, they probably wouldn’t have done that,” he says. “But over time, they acculturate and understand they also have a place here in American politics. This is their new home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One tactic opponents mastered was building coalitions. Olivia Liao is president of a Chinese university alumni association that joined forces with seven Chinese-American community groups in Southern California to get the word out on SCA5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have decided that we need to raise the awareness of everyone in the Asian community,” she said. “And let people come out and tell the Legislature our voices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition lobbied Chinese-American politicians, including the three Democratic state senators who had all voted with their party to approve the bill that would put the measure on the state ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Asian American politicians have been spoiled by new immigrants’ immaturity with politics,” says S.B. Woo, president of a national political action committee called 80-20, a reference to the proportion of Asian-American votes the group says can swing presidential elections. The committee joined the coalition fighting attempts to revive race-based admissions at California universities. Woo says in Chinese culture, political leaders command deference from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elected officials must be the great scholars, and therefore you (have) to respect them like their parents,” Wu says. “But that’s feudal way of thinking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That “feudal way of thinking” is fading. Under pressure from angry constituents, the three Chinese-American senators backed off from their votes and asked the Assembly speaker to stop the measure from going further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that was cause for celebration for these newly energized activists, other Chinese-Americans shook their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to not only look at your own self-interest, but also to look at what’s good for a broader society, what’s good for all of us, as Californians,” said Karen Wang, of Asian Americans Advancing Justice in L.A. She says people she knows who are of Chinese descent and who have grown up here see the value in affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of us are able to achieve what we’re able to achieve because we benefited from civil rights advancements that happened before us,” she says. She hopes there can be a debate on improving access to California’s chronically underfunded universities for students of all races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others have a different focus: Proving to politicians that Chinese Americans are not to be underestimated. The group 80-20 is urging Chinese Americans to register as Republicans before the primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know parties check registration records all the time,” says Woo. “It would be a very good warning to the extreme liberals in the Democratic Party. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woo says that several Chinese-American groups throughout California have already signed on. Playing political parties off one another — now that , he says, is one of the best traditions of democracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201404010850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to the audio\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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