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"content": "\u003cp>Oakland is the latest in a growing number of Bay Area cities seeing a jump in its minimum wage, with that base wage rising on Monday from the statewide minimum of $9 an hour to $12.25 -- a 36 percent increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, fast-food industry workers and minimum wage advocates gathered outside Oakland’s City Hall to celebrate the wage increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland resident Christopher Higgenbotham, 23, has worked as a cashier at McDonald's for six years, where he was making $9.75 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are going to be affected by this, and so many people need it to live in this city,” says Higgenbotham. “We need to keep it as diverse as we can, and that's going to happen now through Measure FF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higgenbotham says he plans to use the boost in his income to save up money for a home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandcityattorney.org/PDFS/Guides%20and%20FAQs/Revised%20Measure%20FF%20FAQ%20Feb%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Measure FF\u003c/a>, which was sponsored by the labor and community activist coalition \u003ca href=\"http://www.liftupoakland.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Lift Up Oakland\u003c/a> and passed last November with 82 percent of the vote, will also provide five to nine paid sick days for workers. According to the group, close to 48,000 Oakland residents will receive an increase in wages, while 56,700 workers will get paid sick days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers at Lift Up Oakland say they hope Oakland can set an example for other Bay Area cities to raise wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that raising the minimum wage now is critical to maintaining our region,” says Kate O’Hara, director of \u003ca href=\"http://workingeastbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay Alliance for a Sustainable Economy\u003c/a>. “Families will be able to stay in their homes, workers can live closer to their jobs and we can build stronger communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://sfgsa.org/index.aspx?page=411\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco's minimum wage\u003c/a> was also increased at the ballot box last November, with Proposition J raising the wage to $11.05 an hour as of last Jan. 1 and to $12.25 on May 1. The minimum pay rate in the city is slated to hit $15 in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/?nid=3491\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose voters kicked off\u003c/a> the trend toward increased minimum wages in the Bay Area by passing Measure D in 2012. That proposal, written and promoted by students at San Jose State, increased the city's minimum wage to $10 (it's currently $10.30).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the wage increases have argued that higher payroll costs would force businesses to lay off staff, move or close altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Berkeley raised its minimum wage to $10 last October and is set to increase it to $12.53 by the end of this year. And the Emeryville City Council is looking into hiking its minimum wage to nearly $14 by year’s end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, the minimum wage is now set to rise each Jan. 1 by an amount corresponding to the federal Consumer Price Index.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oakland is the latest in a growing number of Bay Area cities seeing a jump in its minimum wage, with that base wage rising on Monday from the statewide minimum of $9 an hour to $12.25 -- a 36 percent increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, fast-food industry workers and minimum wage advocates gathered outside Oakland’s City Hall to celebrate the wage increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland resident Christopher Higgenbotham, 23, has worked as a cashier at McDonald's for six years, where he was making $9.75 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are going to be affected by this, and so many people need it to live in this city,” says Higgenbotham. “We need to keep it as diverse as we can, and that's going to happen now through Measure FF.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higgenbotham says he plans to use the boost in his income to save up money for a home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandcityattorney.org/PDFS/Guides%20and%20FAQs/Revised%20Measure%20FF%20FAQ%20Feb%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Measure FF\u003c/a>, which was sponsored by the labor and community activist coalition \u003ca href=\"http://www.liftupoakland.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Lift Up Oakland\u003c/a> and passed last November with 82 percent of the vote, will also provide five to nine paid sick days for workers. According to the group, close to 48,000 Oakland residents will receive an increase in wages, while 56,700 workers will get paid sick days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers at Lift Up Oakland say they hope Oakland can set an example for other Bay Area cities to raise wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe that raising the minimum wage now is critical to maintaining our region,” says Kate O’Hara, director of \u003ca href=\"http://workingeastbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay Alliance for a Sustainable Economy\u003c/a>. “Families will be able to stay in their homes, workers can live closer to their jobs and we can build stronger communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://sfgsa.org/index.aspx?page=411\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco's minimum wage\u003c/a> was also increased at the ballot box last November, with Proposition J raising the wage to $11.05 an hour as of last Jan. 1 and to $12.25 on May 1. The minimum pay rate in the city is slated to hit $15 in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/?nid=3491\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose voters kicked off\u003c/a> the trend toward increased minimum wages in the Bay Area by passing Measure D in 2012. That proposal, written and promoted by students at San Jose State, increased the city's minimum wage to $10 (it's currently $10.30).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of the wage increases have argued that higher payroll costs would force businesses to lay off staff, move or close altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Berkeley raised its minimum wage to $10 last October and is set to increase it to $12.53 by the end of this year. And the Emeryville City Council is looking into hiking its minimum wage to nearly $14 by year’s end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, the minimum wage is now set to rise each Jan. 1 by an amount corresponding to the federal Consumer Price Index.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The outsourcing of errands and odd jobs has fueled the growth of companies like TaskRabbit. With the click of a button, you can find someone to assemble your Ikea furniture or drive you to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But individuals aren’t the only ones using such sites to get work done. Businesses, large and small, are tapping into the so-called gig economy to find short-term labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/194576547″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/business\">Uber\u003c/a> has a Web page specifically for companies, as does \u003ca href=\"http://www.shyp.com/business\">Shyp\u003c/a>, which delivers packages to post offices. Then there is \u003ca href=\"http://wonolo.com/\">Wonolo\u003c/a>. It offers on-demand labor exclusively for small businesses, like Wendy Lieu’s chocolate shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">By some estimates, about 34 percent of the U.S. workforce now consists of freelancers.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Lieu has only a handful of employees at her San Francisco shop. To pack orders for the holiday rush, she got people through Wonolo. She says it is convenient because she does not have to increase staff or pay overtime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gig companies like Wonolo are providing businesses with workers, no strings attached. That helps cut costs, says Leslie Henthorn. She is a marketing programs manager at the tech company Twilio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henthorn says she orders people from TaskRabbit mainly to work events. “You don’t want to be committing to paying someone for eight hours when they don’t work for eight hours,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henthorn says there are always “taskers” available, so Twilio does not have to rely on the same people. That is one of the things Twilio likes about it, she says. “Even when we have a great relationship,” she says, “when you need people on demand, a lot of times they are going to be busy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are Gigs Replacing Regular Jobs?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way companies are using these gig services scares Rebecca Smith. She is deputy director at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nelp.org/\">National Employment Law Project\u003c/a>. Businesses are starting to replace more regular jobs with these gigs, Smith says, which is bad news for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most gigs don’t have the kind of protections that workers fought for in the early 20th century — things like unemployment benefits and workers’ comp. Smith says “We’re at risk of becoming a country of isolated individual workers who are scrambling to piece together a few hours of low-wage, hourlong gigs that lack our most basic labor protections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There aren’t great numbers yet on how these gigs are impacting the labor force, but Smith says they are part of an established trend toward less stable employment. She says traditional temp work is at an all-time high nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Major corporations are hiring someone to do a tiny task for an almost insignificant amount of time,” Smith says, “and they are doing that repeatedly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of labor protections, some gig companies are trying to improve. TaskRabbit, for example, now has on-the-job insurance and guarantees minimum wage. Also, the increased flexibility for this kind of work is a big perk for workers. It’s a quick way to earn some extra cash, or even to subsist entirely without having to become a permanent employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Smith says it’s high unemployment that is driving workers to short-term gigs. People are desperate for income — people like Stephen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen does a lot of work for tech startups in the Bay Area. Mostly he helps companies move into new offices by setting up desks, PCs, telephones. But Stephen isn’t employed by those startups or a moving business. He is a contractor hired by the hour through TaskRabbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen doesn’t want to use his last name because he’s worried a potential employer might see how hard up he is for work. Stephen started at TaskRabbit after being unemployed for nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, TaskRabbit was great. He got a string of gigs at tech companies and started making some income. But then Christmas rolled around, everyone went on vacation and the work stopped. Stephen thought he might fall behind on rent and default on debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, the work has picked up, but Stephen worries it could stop again. He needs a real job, he says, but as more gig services pop up, those could be harder to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/atwork/2014/09/04/one-in-three-u-s-workers-is-a-freelancer/\">By some estimates,\u003c/a> about 34 percent of the U.S. workforce now consists of freelancers, including temps, moonlighters and independent contractors. A 2006 report from the U.S. General Accountability Office said about 31 percent of workers in this country were employed on a contingency basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The outsourcing of errands and odd jobs has fueled the growth of companies like TaskRabbit. With the click of a button, you can find someone to assemble your Ikea furniture or drive you to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But individuals aren’t the only ones using such sites to get work done. Businesses, large and small, are tapping into the so-called gig economy to find short-term labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/194576547″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/194576547″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/business\">Uber\u003c/a> has a Web page specifically for companies, as does \u003ca href=\"http://www.shyp.com/business\">Shyp\u003c/a>, which delivers packages to post offices. Then there is \u003ca href=\"http://wonolo.com/\">Wonolo\u003c/a>. It offers on-demand labor exclusively for small businesses, like Wendy Lieu’s chocolate shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">By some estimates, about 34 percent of the U.S. workforce now consists of freelancers.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Lieu has only a handful of employees at her San Francisco shop. To pack orders for the holiday rush, she got people through Wonolo. She says it is convenient because she does not have to increase staff or pay overtime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gig companies like Wonolo are providing businesses with workers, no strings attached. That helps cut costs, says Leslie Henthorn. She is a marketing programs manager at the tech company Twilio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henthorn says she orders people from TaskRabbit mainly to work events. “You don’t want to be committing to paying someone for eight hours when they don’t work for eight hours,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Henthorn says there are always “taskers” available, so Twilio does not have to rely on the same people. That is one of the things Twilio likes about it, she says. “Even when we have a great relationship,” she says, “when you need people on demand, a lot of times they are going to be busy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are Gigs Replacing Regular Jobs?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way companies are using these gig services scares Rebecca Smith. She is deputy director at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nelp.org/\">National Employment Law Project\u003c/a>. Businesses are starting to replace more regular jobs with these gigs, Smith says, which is bad news for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most gigs don’t have the kind of protections that workers fought for in the early 20th century — things like unemployment benefits and workers’ comp. Smith says “We’re at risk of becoming a country of isolated individual workers who are scrambling to piece together a few hours of low-wage, hourlong gigs that lack our most basic labor protections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There aren’t great numbers yet on how these gigs are impacting the labor force, but Smith says they are part of an established trend toward less stable employment. She says traditional temp work is at an all-time high nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Major corporations are hiring someone to do a tiny task for an almost insignificant amount of time,” Smith says, “and they are doing that repeatedly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of labor protections, some gig companies are trying to improve. TaskRabbit, for example, now has on-the-job insurance and guarantees minimum wage. Also, the increased flexibility for this kind of work is a big perk for workers. It’s a quick way to earn some extra cash, or even to subsist entirely without having to become a permanent employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Smith says it’s high unemployment that is driving workers to short-term gigs. People are desperate for income — people like Stephen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen does a lot of work for tech startups in the Bay Area. Mostly he helps companies move into new offices by setting up desks, PCs, telephones. But Stephen isn’t employed by those startups or a moving business. He is a contractor hired by the hour through TaskRabbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen doesn’t want to use his last name because he’s worried a potential employer might see how hard up he is for work. Stephen started at TaskRabbit after being unemployed for nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, TaskRabbit was great. He got a string of gigs at tech companies and started making some income. But then Christmas rolled around, everyone went on vacation and the work stopped. Stephen thought he might fall behind on rent and default on debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, the work has picked up, but Stephen worries it could stop again. He needs a real job, he says, but as more gig services pop up, those could be harder to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/atwork/2014/09/04/one-in-three-u-s-workers-is-a-freelancer/\">By some estimates,\u003c/a> about 34 percent of the U.S. workforce now consists of freelancers, including temps, moonlighters and independent contractors. A 2006 report from the U.S. General Accountability Office said about 31 percent of workers in this country were employed on a contingency basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>There are a lot of things economists disagree about, but the economic impact of sports stadiums is not one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ever had a consensus in economics, this would be it,\" said Michael Leeds, a sports economist at Temple University. \"There is no impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193381996\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leeds studied Chicago –- as big a sports town as there is: Cubs and White Sox (baseball), Bears (football), Bulls (basketball) and Blackhawks (hockey).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If every sports team in Chicago were to suddenly disappear, the impact on the Chicago economy would be a fraction of 1 percent,” said Leeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'A baseball team has about the same impact on a community as a midsize department store.'\u003ccite>Michael Leeds,\u003cbr>\nTemple University sports economist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We talk about sports a lot, and we pay a lot attention to them, but when it comes to the actual revenue teams generate, the impact is minuscule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A baseball team has about the same impact on a community as a midsize department store,” Leeds said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s for a sport with 81 regular-season home games a year. National Football League teams play only eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inglewood commissioned an economic analysis of its stadium plan that will be presented to the City Council next month. Developers of the project -- which they call City of Champions -- have promised hundreds of millions of dollars in economic activity. Victor Matheson, a sports economist at College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, is dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good rule of thumb that economists use is to take what stadium boosters are telling you and move that one decimal place to the left, and that’s usually a good estimate of what you’re going to get,” Matheson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/02/17/49831/new-nfl-team-would-likely-have-little-economic-imp/\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There are a lot of things economists disagree about, but the economic impact of sports stadiums is not one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ever had a consensus in economics, this would be it,\" said Michael Leeds, a sports economist at Temple University. \"There is no impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193381996&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193381996'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leeds studied Chicago –- as big a sports town as there is: Cubs and White Sox (baseball), Bears (football), Bulls (basketball) and Blackhawks (hockey).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If every sports team in Chicago were to suddenly disappear, the impact on the Chicago economy would be a fraction of 1 percent,” said Leeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'A baseball team has about the same impact on a community as a midsize department store.'\u003ccite>Michael Leeds,\u003cbr>\nTemple University sports economist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We talk about sports a lot, and we pay a lot attention to them, but when it comes to the actual revenue teams generate, the impact is minuscule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A baseball team has about the same impact on a community as a midsize department store,” Leeds said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s for a sport with 81 regular-season home games a year. National Football League teams play only eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inglewood commissioned an economic analysis of its stadium plan that will be presented to the City Council next month. Developers of the project -- which they call City of Champions -- have promised hundreds of millions of dollars in economic activity. Victor Matheson, a sports economist at College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, is dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good rule of thumb that economists use is to take what stadium boosters are telling you and move that one decimal place to the left, and that’s usually a good estimate of what you’re going to get,” Matheson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/02/17/49831/new-nfl-team-would-likely-have-little-economic-imp/\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Warm, Dry Weather Threatens Way of Life at Lake Tahoe",
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"content": "\u003cp>It would not be an odd sight in the spring. But there is something depressing about a closed ski slope in the middle of winter. The trails are bare and grassy. The chairlifts just hang there, waving a little with the breeze. It’s like walking into an empty restaurant on a Friday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is the mood at Lake Tahoe these days. Everyone is talking about this strange weather — on the radio, in the shops, on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kolotv.com/home/headlines/Tahoe-Businesses-Adapting-to-Lack-of-Snow-240224891.html\">local TV\u003c/a>. You can’t escape it. This is the fourth lousy winter season in a row for the ski industry, and it has been economically devastating for the area. Some of the smaller resorts are barely hanging on, while larger players are carving out new ways to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193176851″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.skihomewood.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Homewood Mountain Resort\u003c/a> is one of those struggling with the weather. It is a smaller ski area frequented by locals. Unlike the bigger resorts, Homewood sells lift tickets for under $50, and it isn’t filled with restaurants and retail chains. The base of the mountain starts right at the lake, a relatively low elevation that gives it beautiful views but not much snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10443120\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 435px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10443120\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Doug Pendleton says this is shaping up to be the worst winter ever for his hotel\" width=\"435\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Pendleton, of Tahoe City, says this is shaping up to be the worst winter ever for his hotel. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I visited Homewood in mid-February, it was closed. There was a trail of snow where the bunny slope would be and another one leading up to the lift. They were both packed down hard, making a sad white outline around the patches of mud and grass that covered the bottom of the mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up top there was some snow, but Homewood doesn’t have a gondola to ferry people up there. It’s planning on building one in the next few years so that it can better handle the warm, dry weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This season, a lack of snow forced Homewood to shut down for two weeks in February. It partially reopened the day after I visited, thanks to a storm. But now it is closed again and, according to the website, “has its fingers crossed for \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/01/29/shrinking-sierra-snowpack-heightens-drought-worries/\">Miracle March\u003c/a>.” Homewood might get some snow this weekend, but who knows if it will be enough to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homewood is not the only resort suffering. Donner Ski Ranch, Dodge Ridge and others all have gone on hold at some point this season. Even the bigger resorts have had to shut trails and rely on snowmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Willard runs a sports and rental shop in Tahoe City. “I’ve been up here 35 years and it has never really been this bad,” he says. It is so warm that the golf course near Willard’s shop has opened, and he says that some stores are renting out bikes alongside skis and snowboards. He has even started doing kayak rentals. The tourists who come up here are just searching for something to do, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willard runs the shop with his family. His son, Dax, worries that businesses like theirs will get pushed out by chain stores that can weather the unpredictable climate. Dax fears Tahoe will become more corporate — “Wal-Martized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”CdSqLevoShGiOGceyWBeGB3tOGXfVBAY”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are leaving town,” he says, “and the community and culture are getting lost a little bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ski resorts themselves are already getting more consolidated. Five of Tahoe’s ski areas are now owned by either Powdr Corp. or Vail Resorts, both industry giants. Over the last few years, the private equity firm KSL Partners has merged operations at Squaw Valley and Alpine Meadows resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Daniel Scott studies tourism and climate change at the University of Waterloo in Canada. He says variable weather favors bigger companies. “The problem with mom-and-pop resorts is if you have two or three bad years in a row, your financial reserves are gone,” he says. “You can’t make a go of it anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larger corporations are more climate-resilient, Scott says. They have capital reserves to ride out bad years and can invest in snowmaking to hedge a lack of precipitation. Many resort chains are now buying ski areas across the country so they can cash in wherever the snow falls. Scott puts it this way: Climate change is hastening the trend toward consolidation in the ski industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the bigger resorts in Tahoe seem to be handling the bad seasons better than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley is a much larger and higher-elevation resort than Homewood. President and CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the record-breaking drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are facing the three driest years in 1,200 years,” Wirth says, “but at the same time we have increased season passes by 37 percent.” (By the way, that stat about the drought is shocking but true, according to recent data \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/12/04/study-california-drought-most-severe-dry-spell-in-at-least-1200-years/\">taken from tree cores\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10443123\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 437px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10443123 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Squaw Valley CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the weather\" width=\"437\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Squaw Valley CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the weather. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley has ways to make it through these dry winters. It offers season passes that can be used at other resorts, so skiers and snowboarders can chase the powder — that is, if they have the money to travel. Squaw also has attractions besides the mountain: restaurants, retail, a winter park with tubing. And there is a plan in the works for further development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wirth says, “We know for a fact we need additional nightly rental lodging units of a higher quality to compete with the great ski resort complexes of Colorado and Utah.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone is applauding this competition. Tom Mooers heads Sierra Watch, a local conservation group. He worries about the impact on the already drought-afflicted environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mooers says, “You can make an argument for some kinds of amenities arms race, but that’s probably not the best strategy for the long-term health of Squaw Valley and Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mooers and I are standing by Squaw Creek, which has shrunk to a trickle during these dry years. It is a telling metaphor for Tahoe’s winter sports industry. Like local businesses and resorts, the creek depends on cold, snowy winters. Without that, it could disappear altogether.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It would not be an odd sight in the spring. But there is something depressing about a closed ski slope in the middle of winter. The trails are bare and grassy. The chairlifts just hang there, waving a little with the breeze. It’s like walking into an empty restaurant on a Friday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is the mood at Lake Tahoe these days. Everyone is talking about this strange weather — on the radio, in the shops, on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kolotv.com/home/headlines/Tahoe-Businesses-Adapting-to-Lack-of-Snow-240224891.html\">local TV\u003c/a>. You can’t escape it. This is the fourth lousy winter season in a row for the ski industry, and it has been economically devastating for the area. Some of the smaller resorts are barely hanging on, while larger players are carving out new ways to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193176851″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/193176851″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.skihomewood.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Homewood Mountain Resort\u003c/a> is one of those struggling with the weather. It is a smaller ski area frequented by locals. Unlike the bigger resorts, Homewood sells lift tickets for under $50, and it isn’t filled with restaurants and retail chains. The base of the mountain starts right at the lake, a relatively low elevation that gives it beautiful views but not much snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10443120\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 435px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10443120\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Doug Pendleton says this is shaping up to be the worst winter ever for his hotel\" width=\"435\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14383_Tahoe-and-more-266.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Pendleton, of Tahoe City, says this is shaping up to be the worst winter ever for his hotel. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I visited Homewood in mid-February, it was closed. There was a trail of snow where the bunny slope would be and another one leading up to the lift. They were both packed down hard, making a sad white outline around the patches of mud and grass that covered the bottom of the mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up top there was some snow, but Homewood doesn’t have a gondola to ferry people up there. It’s planning on building one in the next few years so that it can better handle the warm, dry weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This season, a lack of snow forced Homewood to shut down for two weeks in February. It partially reopened the day after I visited, thanks to a storm. But now it is closed again and, according to the website, “has its fingers crossed for \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/01/29/shrinking-sierra-snowpack-heightens-drought-worries/\">Miracle March\u003c/a>.” Homewood might get some snow this weekend, but who knows if it will be enough to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homewood is not the only resort suffering. Donner Ski Ranch, Dodge Ridge and others all have gone on hold at some point this season. Even the bigger resorts have had to shut trails and rely on snowmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Willard runs a sports and rental shop in Tahoe City. “I’ve been up here 35 years and it has never really been this bad,” he says. It is so warm that the golf course near Willard’s shop has opened, and he says that some stores are renting out bikes alongside skis and snowboards. He has even started doing kayak rentals. The tourists who come up here are just searching for something to do, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willard runs the shop with his family. His son, Dax, worries that businesses like theirs will get pushed out by chain stores that can weather the unpredictable climate. Dax fears Tahoe will become more corporate — “Wal-Martized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are leaving town,” he says, “and the community and culture are getting lost a little bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ski resorts themselves are already getting more consolidated. Five of Tahoe’s ski areas are now owned by either Powdr Corp. or Vail Resorts, both industry giants. Over the last few years, the private equity firm KSL Partners has merged operations at Squaw Valley and Alpine Meadows resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Daniel Scott studies tourism and climate change at the University of Waterloo in Canada. He says variable weather favors bigger companies. “The problem with mom-and-pop resorts is if you have two or three bad years in a row, your financial reserves are gone,” he says. “You can’t make a go of it anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larger corporations are more climate-resilient, Scott says. They have capital reserves to ride out bad years and can invest in snowmaking to hedge a lack of precipitation. Many resort chains are now buying ski areas across the country so they can cash in wherever the snow falls. Scott puts it this way: Climate change is hastening the trend toward consolidation in the ski industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the bigger resorts in Tahoe seem to be handling the bad seasons better than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley is a much larger and higher-elevation resort than Homewood. President and CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the record-breaking drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are facing the three driest years in 1,200 years,” Wirth says, “but at the same time we have increased season passes by 37 percent.” (By the way, that stat about the drought is shocking but true, according to recent data \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/12/04/study-california-drought-most-severe-dry-spell-in-at-least-1200-years/\">taken from tree cores\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10443123\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 437px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10443123 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Squaw Valley CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the weather\" width=\"437\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14380_Tahoe-and-more-234.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Squaw Valley CEO Andy Wirth says the resort is doing well despite the weather. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley has ways to make it through these dry winters. It offers season passes that can be used at other resorts, so skiers and snowboarders can chase the powder — that is, if they have the money to travel. Squaw also has attractions besides the mountain: restaurants, retail, a winter park with tubing. And there is a plan in the works for further development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wirth says, “We know for a fact we need additional nightly rental lodging units of a higher quality to compete with the great ski resort complexes of Colorado and Utah.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone is applauding this competition. Tom Mooers heads Sierra Watch, a local conservation group. He worries about the impact on the already drought-afflicted environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mooers says, “You can make an argument for some kinds of amenities arms race, but that’s probably not the best strategy for the long-term health of Squaw Valley and Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mooers and I are standing by Squaw Creek, which has shrunk to a trickle during these dry years. It is a telling metaphor for Tahoe’s winter sports industry. Like local businesses and resorts, the creek depends on cold, snowy winters. Without that, it could disappear altogether.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With all the changes occurring in the Mission, nostalgia crept up on me. I started to reminisce about what the neighborhood was like 10 years ago. I then began to wonder what may have been here 10 years before that, or even 20 years, or before I was even born 25 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was really only one way to find accurate descriptions on the history of my neighborhood. I had to meet and talk to longtime residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, I approached Florentino and Imelda Ortiz, who happen to be my uncle and aunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After moving around the Mission when they first arrived in the 1960s, they settled in for good in their 24th Street home in 1972. They’ve collectively been here over a century, which to me meant countless priceless memories. Here are their stories of what the Mission used to be like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the rest of the couple's history and memories on \u003ca href=\"http://missionlocal.org/2015/02/ever-heard-of-a-techie-no-google-tompoco-not-that-either/\" target=\"_blank\">Mission Local\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With all the changes occurring in the Mission, nostalgia crept up on me. I started to reminisce about what the neighborhood was like 10 years ago. I then began to wonder what may have been here 10 years before that, or even 20 years, or before I was even born 25 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was really only one way to find accurate descriptions on the history of my neighborhood. I had to meet and talk to longtime residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, I approached Florentino and Imelda Ortiz, who happen to be my uncle and aunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After moving around the Mission when they first arrived in the 1960s, they settled in for good in their 24th Street home in 1972. They’ve collectively been here over a century, which to me meant countless priceless memories. Here are their stories of what the Mission used to be like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the rest of the couple's history and memories on \u003ca href=\"http://missionlocal.org/2015/02/ever-heard-of-a-techie-no-google-tompoco-not-that-either/\" target=\"_blank\">Mission Local\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When we think of Silicon Valley, a lot of us think of hard-working people living high on the corporate hog: high-end restaurants on campus, on-site gyms, concierge services, et cetera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this fabulous work world full of people dreaming up new ways of doing business sits on a base of people doing business the Old-Fashioned Way. Many of those service workers, the ones chopping carrots and mowing lawns, are working for subcontractors, and those workers are struggling to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Joint Venture Silicon Valley has tracked local economic trends for the last 20 years. This year’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.jointventure.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=157&Itemid=182%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Index\u003c/a> reported the income gap is wider than ever, and wider in Silicon Valley than elsewhere in the San Francisco Bay Area or California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joint Venture divides the workforce into three different “tiers.” For high-skilled, high-wage jobs, Tier 1 in Silicon Valley, the median wage is $119,000 a year. For low-skilled, low-wage jobs, or Tier 3, the median is $27,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty percent of our population is living below the self-sufficiency standard,” says Joint Venture Vice President Rachel Massaro. “That means they can’t survive without public or informal private assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Thirty percent of our population is living below the self-sufficiency standard. That means they can’t survive without public or informal, private assistance.’\u003ccite> Rachel Massaro,\u003cbr>\nVP, Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Housing Costs a Major Strain\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Hugg, with the Housing Leadership Council of San Mateo County, says what many economic analysts do, that the \u003cem>housing\u003c/em> boom that has come along with the latest tech boom has made it much harder for anybody making a modest salary to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of our chronic underproduction [of housing] for decades now, we are in such a huge hole that even that addition of affordable housing, that addition of market rate housing, is not enough to move the needle here,” Hugg says. “When you have two to three, some say four to five, service-level jobs being created for every tech job, that’s a burden and a responsibility that the community has to bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But aside from some government mandates requiring developers to set aside a small percentage of new units for affordable housing, individuals are largely left to their own devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massaro at Joint Venture says, “One of the definitions of informal private assistance is living with a relative or a friend. That’s what a lot of people are doing here to get by.\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting By in One Room\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would describe how Michael Johnson is getting by. He rents a room in the San Jose apartment of a friend he used to be in a band with years ago. In between boxes stuffed to the gills with his belongings, there’s just enough room for Johnson’s bed, desk, chair and three bass guitars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10436818\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10436818 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Johnson was an engineer once. Since he was laid off in the dot.com bust, he has been unable to get back into tech. 'It’s not enough to survive. We’re not here to survive. We’re here to live. You know, and possibly even give back.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Johnson worked as an engineer until he was laid off in the dot.com bust. He has been unable to get back into tech. ‘It’s not enough to survive. We’re not here to survive. We’re here to live. You know, and possibly even give back.’ \u003ccite>(James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a security guard making less than $20 an hour, this is all he can afford. “There’s no place to go except to move out of the valley, and a lot of us have families here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson is 52 years old, divorced, with three kids, two of them in local colleges, the other just graduated. He’s working full time, but unless he finds a more lucrative line of work, it’s hard to see how his life is going to improve soon. Or for that matter, the lives of people like him working in service jobs across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Once We Were Young, And Engineers\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn up Tuesday mornings at 7:30 outside a certain tech office in Santa Clara, and you’ll spot Johnson waiting for a weekly delivery from his buddy, Norman Meeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley tech companies are famous for lavish food at catered events and campus restaurants. There are a lot of leftovers. No use in that food going to waste, Meeks thinks. So, with permission, he distributes it to other security guards and janitors. Today, Meeks has chicken wings and bok choy, a kind of Chinese cabbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone’s in a situation, you know, hey, pitch in and try to help,” Meeks says. Both men work at \u003ca href=\"http://www.universalpro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universal Protection Service\u003c/a>, a major security subcontractor. That’s where they met. But that’s not where either of them started. Johnson says both men know what it is to be on the sunny side of Silicon Valley’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re looking at two black engineers,” Johnson says. “I’m a communications engineer. I just finished my master’s in information security. I have 15 years experience. We both have project management experience. All of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You’re looking at two black engineers. I’m a communications engineer. I just finished my master’s in information security. I have 15 years experience. We both have project management experience. All of that.’\u003ccite> Michael Johnson,\u003cbr>\nsecurity guard\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Remember the dot.com bust about 15 years ago? Both men got laid off, and neither man recovered, not fully. Meeks was a field engineer. “It took me almost a year to find something, and then I got laid off again. I had a friend that said ‘Why don’t you try security?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The security guard gigs were supposed to be temporary, but that’s not how it’s worked out. “Once you get out of the workforce, it’s hard to get back in,” Meeks says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson says human resources people who \u003cem>do\u003c/em> call him about his job applications ask why he’s looking for something in tech when he’s been in security for 10 years. He suspects it doesn’t help that he’s 52 and black, even though Silicon Valley companies are under pressure to diversify their employee base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk of a Union\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson is doing better than many in security. He works \u003cem>full\u003c/em> time, and his company provides benefits, although the package is a lot thinner than it used to be. “You know, when I started in security in 2004, we used to have better medical benefits. We had paid time off. Yeah, my benefit package was really comparable. The big difference was stock. When I was an IT person, I had stock options and all that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was before security firms started cutting costs to compete during the Great Recession, about seven years back. Universal Protection Service does offer \u003ca href=\"http://www.universalpro.com/documents/2010BenefitGuide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">health coverage\u003c/a>, but Johnson can’t afford it. It would cost him 40 percent of his take-home pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson doesn’t blame his employer or security contractors in general. He blames their customers, the tech companies. “The truth of the matter is, they determine how much we earn. They determine our benefits. They determine the whole thing. Our contract agencies will do whatever they say do.”\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Elizabeth Warren said it best,” he adds, referring to the liberal Democratic senator from Massachusetts. “She said, ‘If you don’t have a seat at the table, it’s because you’re on the menu.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I think Elizabeth Warren said it best. ‘If you don’t have a seat at the table, it’s because you’re on the menu.’ “\u003ccite> Michael Johnson,\u003cbr>\nsecurity guard\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But security guards will never make what engineers do. I press him to make an elevator pitch to a CEO worried about defending himself before shareholders who want to know why he would pay security guards a penny more than he has to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All these companies are now setting record profits!” Johnson says. “When is that going to trickle down to the rest of us? That were in the boat with you. That tightened up our belts along with you. That have participated in your success. Why can’t we participate in your prosperity? When are you going to open the door for the rest of us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s still shopping his IT resume on \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pub/michael-johnson/6/218/202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LinkedIn\u003c/a>, but whether he breaks out of security or not, he’s now involved in an effort to unionize security officers in Silicon Valley. Security officers are unionized in San Francisco and the East Bay, but not in San Mateo or Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Field is executive officer of the South Bay Labor Council, which represents 93 local unions. Field says Johnson’s comment about losing ground in the recession applies more broadly. “I think that’s been the case not just in security, but in service work generally. The wages and benefits haven’t recovered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a union contract for janitorial services in Silicon Valley, but Field and his cohorts are still working on trying to organize security officers, bus drivers and cafeteria workers. Once there are contracts, the next challenge is getting one tech firm after another to agree to play ball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Field muses, “You know, it seems like such a revolutionary idea that workers should be paid enough to live on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When we think of Silicon Valley, a lot of us think of hard-working people living high on the corporate hog: high-end restaurants on campus, on-site gyms, concierge services, et cetera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this fabulous work world full of people dreaming up new ways of doing business sits on a base of people doing business the Old-Fashioned Way. Many of those service workers, the ones chopping carrots and mowing lawns, are working for subcontractors, and those workers are struggling to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Joint Venture Silicon Valley has tracked local economic trends for the last 20 years. This year’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.jointventure.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=157&Itemid=182%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Index\u003c/a> reported the income gap is wider than ever, and wider in Silicon Valley than elsewhere in the San Francisco Bay Area or California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joint Venture divides the workforce into three different “tiers.” For high-skilled, high-wage jobs, Tier 1 in Silicon Valley, the median wage is $119,000 a year. For low-skilled, low-wage jobs, or Tier 3, the median is $27,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty percent of our population is living below the self-sufficiency standard,” says Joint Venture Vice President Rachel Massaro. “That means they can’t survive without public or informal private assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Thirty percent of our population is living below the self-sufficiency standard. That means they can’t survive without public or informal, private assistance.’\u003ccite> Rachel Massaro,\u003cbr>\nVP, Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Housing Costs a Major Strain\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Hugg, with the Housing Leadership Council of San Mateo County, says what many economic analysts do, that the \u003cem>housing\u003c/em> boom that has come along with the latest tech boom has made it much harder for anybody making a modest salary to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of our chronic underproduction [of housing] for decades now, we are in such a huge hole that even that addition of affordable housing, that addition of market rate housing, is not enough to move the needle here,” Hugg says. “When you have two to three, some say four to five, service-level jobs being created for every tech job, that’s a burden and a responsibility that the community has to bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But aside from some government mandates requiring developers to set aside a small percentage of new units for affordable housing, individuals are largely left to their own devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massaro at Joint Venture says, “One of the definitions of informal private assistance is living with a relative or a friend. That’s what a lot of people are doing here to get by.\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting By in One Room\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would describe how Michael Johnson is getting by. He rents a room in the San Jose apartment of a friend he used to be in a band with years ago. In between boxes stuffed to the gills with his belongings, there’s just enough room for Johnson’s bed, desk, chair and three bass guitars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10436818\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10436818 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Johnson was an engineer once. Since he was laid off in the dot.com bust, he has been unable to get back into tech. 'It’s not enough to survive. We’re not here to survive. We’re here to live. You know, and possibly even give back.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14270_20150213_Michael_johnson_jt_032-qut.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Johnson worked as an engineer until he was laid off in the dot.com bust. He has been unable to get back into tech. ‘It’s not enough to survive. We’re not here to survive. We’re here to live. You know, and possibly even give back.’ \u003ccite>(James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a security guard making less than $20 an hour, this is all he can afford. “There’s no place to go except to move out of the valley, and a lot of us have families here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson is 52 years old, divorced, with three kids, two of them in local colleges, the other just graduated. He’s working full time, but unless he finds a more lucrative line of work, it’s hard to see how his life is going to improve soon. Or for that matter, the lives of people like him working in service jobs across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Once We Were Young, And Engineers\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn up Tuesday mornings at 7:30 outside a certain tech office in Santa Clara, and you’ll spot Johnson waiting for a weekly delivery from his buddy, Norman Meeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley tech companies are famous for lavish food at catered events and campus restaurants. There are a lot of leftovers. No use in that food going to waste, Meeks thinks. So, with permission, he distributes it to other security guards and janitors. Today, Meeks has chicken wings and bok choy, a kind of Chinese cabbage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone’s in a situation, you know, hey, pitch in and try to help,” Meeks says. Both men work at \u003ca href=\"http://www.universalpro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universal Protection Service\u003c/a>, a major security subcontractor. That’s where they met. But that’s not where either of them started. Johnson says both men know what it is to be on the sunny side of Silicon Valley’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re looking at two black engineers,” Johnson says. “I’m a communications engineer. I just finished my master’s in information security. I have 15 years experience. We both have project management experience. All of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You’re looking at two black engineers. I’m a communications engineer. I just finished my master’s in information security. I have 15 years experience. We both have project management experience. All of that.’\u003ccite> Michael Johnson,\u003cbr>\nsecurity guard\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Remember the dot.com bust about 15 years ago? Both men got laid off, and neither man recovered, not fully. Meeks was a field engineer. “It took me almost a year to find something, and then I got laid off again. I had a friend that said ‘Why don’t you try security?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The security guard gigs were supposed to be temporary, but that’s not how it’s worked out. “Once you get out of the workforce, it’s hard to get back in,” Meeks says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson says human resources people who \u003cem>do\u003c/em> call him about his job applications ask why he’s looking for something in tech when he’s been in security for 10 years. He suspects it doesn’t help that he’s 52 and black, even though Silicon Valley companies are under pressure to diversify their employee base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talk of a Union\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson is doing better than many in security. He works \u003cem>full\u003c/em> time, and his company provides benefits, although the package is a lot thinner than it used to be. “You know, when I started in security in 2004, we used to have better medical benefits. We had paid time off. Yeah, my benefit package was really comparable. The big difference was stock. When I was an IT person, I had stock options and all that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was before security firms started cutting costs to compete during the Great Recession, about seven years back. Universal Protection Service does offer \u003ca href=\"http://www.universalpro.com/documents/2010BenefitGuide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">health coverage\u003c/a>, but Johnson can’t afford it. It would cost him 40 percent of his take-home pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson doesn’t blame his employer or security contractors in general. He blames their customers, the tech companies. “The truth of the matter is, they determine how much we earn. They determine our benefits. They determine the whole thing. Our contract agencies will do whatever they say do.”\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Elizabeth Warren said it best,” he adds, referring to the liberal Democratic senator from Massachusetts. “She said, ‘If you don’t have a seat at the table, it’s because you’re on the menu.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I think Elizabeth Warren said it best. ‘If you don’t have a seat at the table, it’s because you’re on the menu.’ “\u003ccite> Michael Johnson,\u003cbr>\nsecurity guard\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But security guards will never make what engineers do. I press him to make an elevator pitch to a CEO worried about defending himself before shareholders who want to know why he would pay security guards a penny more than he has to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All these companies are now setting record profits!” Johnson says. “When is that going to trickle down to the rest of us? That were in the boat with you. That tightened up our belts along with you. That have participated in your success. Why can’t we participate in your prosperity? When are you going to open the door for the rest of us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s still shopping his IT resume on \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/pub/michael-johnson/6/218/202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LinkedIn\u003c/a>, but whether he breaks out of security or not, he’s now involved in an effort to unionize security officers in Silicon Valley. Security officers are unionized in San Francisco and the East Bay, but not in San Mateo or Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Field is executive officer of the South Bay Labor Council, which represents 93 local unions. Field says Johnson’s comment about losing ground in the recession applies more broadly. “I think that’s been the case not just in security, but in service work generally. The wages and benefits haven’t recovered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a union contract for janitorial services in Silicon Valley, but Field and his cohorts are still working on trying to organize security officers, bus drivers and cafeteria workers. Once there are contracts, the next challenge is getting one tech firm after another to agree to play ball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Field muses, “You know, it seems like such a revolutionary idea that workers should be paid enough to live on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Silicon Valley’s Last Affordable City?",
"title": "Silicon Valley’s Last Affordable City?",
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"content": "\u003cp>For years the tech boom largely bypassed one part of Silicon Valley: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">East Palo Alto\u003c/a>. It's just across Highway 101 from Stanford University and all the venture capital firms on Sand Hill Road. But until recently, East Palo Alto was a relatively affordable enclave for working-class Latinos and African-Americans. But that's quickly changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/192651222\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Jones knows all about it. She was born and raised in East Palo Alto and now works as a Coldwell Banker real estate agent. After a freshly painted \"For Sale\" sign was pounded into the front lawn of her latest offering, Jones walked me around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2881 Drew Court in East Palo Alto is a modest, three-bedroom house on a quiet little cul de-sac. At 1,200 square feet, it's certainly not big for Silicon Valley. But it comes with a 12,700-square-foot lot where a larger home could be built. Asking price: $985,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they say in real estate -- location, location, location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can get all the way to Google if you want,\" Jones says while standing in the backyard. \"Or you can bike all the way up to Stanford if you need to. And definitely you can just jog up to Facebook if that's what you need to do. So yeah, this is a great location.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says these days houses listed in EPA don't stay on the market too long and they attract multiple offers, often from out-of-town or even international investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Silicon Valley, the economy, I think, of Silicon Valley is going to swallow this place,\" Robert Hoover tells me. \"And you can see the changes taking place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10438942\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Bob Hoover, standing in front of the East Palo Alto house he bought in 1962 for $13,500. He sold it a year ago for $368,000 -- 27 times what he paid for it.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10438942\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bob Hoover, standing in front of the East Palo Alto house he bought in 1962 for $13,500. He sold it a year ago for $368,000 -- 27 times what he paid for it. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hoover moved here as a young man to attend Stanford, one of the very few African-Americans studying there then. He graduated in 1961.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My wife and I got married and we tried to buy a house in Palo Alto,\" Hoover remembers. \"We couldn't buy a house. They wouldn't sell us one. And so we ended up buying here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in front of the house he owned until a year ago, I asked him what he paid for it back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"$13,500,\" he says, laughing. \"And it seemed like a lot of money then.\" Hoover sold it recently for $368,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoover was born in North Carolina 83 years ago, but to meet him you'd swear he was no more than 65 or 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he arrived in East Palo Alto, it was about half African-American. It wasn't officially a city then. And Hoover got involved in a two-year political battle that led to it finally becoming a chartered city in 1982.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, East Palo Alto went through some very tough times. Failing schools. Crime and drugs. In 1992 it was called the \"murder capital of the United States.\" Hoover helped organize neighbors to confront the drug dealers and take back their streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through it all, says Hoover, East Palo Alto was a tight-knit kind of place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We knew every kid, every family on this block. And all the kids played together, and our house was one of the gathering places where the kids came and played.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we're standing in the driveway of his old house, a woman living there comes out to say hi. \"How are you?\" she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'My wife and I got married and we tried to buy a house in Palo Alto. We couldn't buy a house. They wouldn't sell us one. And so we ended up buying here.'\u003ccite>Bob Hoover\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She was my tenant until I sold my house last year,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Brown says that if it weren't for Hoover, she couldn't afford to still rent this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was one of the things he made sure about,\" Brown says. \"He made sure that I was able to stay in the house, whoever bought the house. And I've been able to stay here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was one of the conditions of sale,\" Hoover confirms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, East Palo Alto is about 65 percent Latino. Hoover still lives here. But he says a lot of his black friends cashed out years ago and moved to places like Tracy, Stockton and Fresno. Many of them, he says, wish they had never left. But they can't afford to come back now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of this population that lives here does not have the kind of income that will allow them to stay here,\" Hoover says. \"Almost every house that's been on the market in the last 2½ years has been bought by someone outside the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, East Palo Alto has left behind its troubled past. Like any city, it has crime -- but nothing like it used to. Big-box stores like Ikea moved in. There's even an upscale Four Seasons Hotel here now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can see a lot more white people in the community now,\" Hoover says. \"And for the first time in -- God, I don't know, 15 years -- we had a white who ran for the City Council. They didn't win, but they were close. They were close.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this his ninth decade of life, Bob Hoover is still \u003cem>really\u003c/em> active. He teaches golf to underprivileged kids. And he helps former prisoners get work. He seems to identify with the underdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People who are not in the mainstream of the American economy, they need to have a place to live.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he wants that place to be East Palo Alto. Bob Hoover is not the kind of guy who thinks all change is bad. He sees the upside of it every day. He did, after all, sell his house for more than 27 times what he paid for it. But he worries about what will become of the folks who live here now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, the people who are going to probably occupy East Palo Alto could live other places. They don't have to live here,\" Hoover reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And since this is really the only place people who are living here (now) can live, it's just a disruption of people's lives and their families. It's like so many other things in this country: If you're not part of the economically well-to-do, you just get the short end of everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For years the tech boom largely bypassed one part of Silicon Valley: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\">East Palo Alto\u003c/a>. It's just across Highway 101 from Stanford University and all the venture capital firms on Sand Hill Road. But until recently, East Palo Alto was a relatively affordable enclave for working-class Latinos and African-Americans. But that's quickly changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/192651222&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/192651222'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Jones knows all about it. She was born and raised in East Palo Alto and now works as a Coldwell Banker real estate agent. After a freshly painted \"For Sale\" sign was pounded into the front lawn of her latest offering, Jones walked me around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2881 Drew Court in East Palo Alto is a modest, three-bedroom house on a quiet little cul de-sac. At 1,200 square feet, it's certainly not big for Silicon Valley. But it comes with a 12,700-square-foot lot where a larger home could be built. Asking price: $985,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they say in real estate -- location, location, location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can get all the way to Google if you want,\" Jones says while standing in the backyard. \"Or you can bike all the way up to Stanford if you need to. And definitely you can just jog up to Facebook if that's what you need to do. So yeah, this is a great location.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says these days houses listed in EPA don't stay on the market too long and they attract multiple offers, often from out-of-town or even international investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Silicon Valley, the economy, I think, of Silicon Valley is going to swallow this place,\" Robert Hoover tells me. \"And you can see the changes taking place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10438942\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Bob Hoover, standing in front of the East Palo Alto house he bought in 1962 for $13,500. He sold it a year ago for $368,000 -- 27 times what he paid for it.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10438942\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/Bob_Hoover.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bob Hoover, standing in front of the East Palo Alto house he bought in 1962 for $13,500. He sold it a year ago for $368,000 -- 27 times what he paid for it. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hoover moved here as a young man to attend Stanford, one of the very few African-Americans studying there then. He graduated in 1961.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My wife and I got married and we tried to buy a house in Palo Alto,\" Hoover remembers. \"We couldn't buy a house. They wouldn't sell us one. And so we ended up buying here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in front of the house he owned until a year ago, I asked him what he paid for it back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"$13,500,\" he says, laughing. \"And it seemed like a lot of money then.\" Hoover sold it recently for $368,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoover was born in North Carolina 83 years ago, but to meet him you'd swear he was no more than 65 or 70.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he arrived in East Palo Alto, it was about half African-American. It wasn't officially a city then. And Hoover got involved in a two-year political battle that led to it finally becoming a chartered city in 1982.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, East Palo Alto went through some very tough times. Failing schools. Crime and drugs. In 1992 it was called the \"murder capital of the United States.\" Hoover helped organize neighbors to confront the drug dealers and take back their streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through it all, says Hoover, East Palo Alto was a tight-knit kind of place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We knew every kid, every family on this block. And all the kids played together, and our house was one of the gathering places where the kids came and played.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we're standing in the driveway of his old house, a woman living there comes out to say hi. \"How are you?\" she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'My wife and I got married and we tried to buy a house in Palo Alto. We couldn't buy a house. They wouldn't sell us one. And so we ended up buying here.'\u003ccite>Bob Hoover\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She was my tenant until I sold my house last year,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Brown says that if it weren't for Hoover, she couldn't afford to still rent this place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was one of the things he made sure about,\" Brown says. \"He made sure that I was able to stay in the house, whoever bought the house. And I've been able to stay here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was one of the conditions of sale,\" Hoover confirms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, East Palo Alto is about 65 percent Latino. Hoover still lives here. But he says a lot of his black friends cashed out years ago and moved to places like Tracy, Stockton and Fresno. Many of them, he says, wish they had never left. But they can't afford to come back now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most of this population that lives here does not have the kind of income that will allow them to stay here,\" Hoover says. \"Almost every house that's been on the market in the last 2½ years has been bought by someone outside the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, East Palo Alto has left behind its troubled past. Like any city, it has crime -- but nothing like it used to. Big-box stores like Ikea moved in. There's even an upscale Four Seasons Hotel here now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can see a lot more white people in the community now,\" Hoover says. \"And for the first time in -- God, I don't know, 15 years -- we had a white who ran for the City Council. They didn't win, but they were close. They were close.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this his ninth decade of life, Bob Hoover is still \u003cem>really\u003c/em> active. He teaches golf to underprivileged kids. And he helps former prisoners get work. He seems to identify with the underdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People who are not in the mainstream of the American economy, they need to have a place to live.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he wants that place to be East Palo Alto. Bob Hoover is not the kind of guy who thinks all change is bad. He sees the upside of it every day. He did, after all, sell his house for more than 27 times what he paid for it. But he worries about what will become of the folks who live here now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, the people who are going to probably occupy East Palo Alto could live other places. They don't have to live here,\" Hoover reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And since this is really the only place people who are living here (now) can live, it's just a disruption of people's lives and their families. It's like so many other things in this country: If you're not part of the economically well-to-do, you just get the short end of everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>KQED wants your help capturing what this latest economic boom looks like. A few weeks ago, we asked you to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/04/help-kqed-capture-lifeinboomtown\" target=\"_blank\">show us your #selfies\u003c/a> and introduce yourself. For our second \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/kqed_forum/\" target=\"_blank\">Instagram\u003c/a> challenge, we're asking you to take a picture of something in your neighborhood that has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it's a slew of new stores, a more crowded BART platform or perhaps a pricetag that gives you sticker shock -- what does change look like in your life? Snap a photo of it, post it to \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/kqed_forum/\" target=\"_blank\">Instagram\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23lifeinboomtown&mode=photos&src=tyah\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter\u003c/a>, and tag it \u003cstrong>#lifeinboomtown\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get us started, \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/katayon/\" target=\"_blank\">@Katayon\u003c/a> submitted this photo of construction at the corner of Fremont and Folsom streets in San Francisco, which she labeled, \"#ugly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10435661 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"skyscraper under construction\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-75x75.jpg 75w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction at the corner of Fremont and Folsom in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Katayon/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And here's a picture of construction in downtown Redwood City from \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/jennden74/\" target=\"_blank\">@JennDen74\u003c/a>. She commented: \"\u003cspan class=\"sCaption\">How many cranes can you count? Downtown Redwood City is about to change again.\u003c/span>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435667\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10435667 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Construction cranes in Construction cranes in downtown Redwood City. \" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-75x75.jpg 75w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction cranes in downtown Redwood City. \u003ccite>(@JennDen74/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What does change look like in your neighborhood or around your workplace? And feel free to add a line or two about whether you welcome the change or wish it wasn't happening. After all, one person's boom is another person's rising rent. #lifeinboomtown\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>KQED wants your help capturing what this latest economic boom looks like. A few weeks ago, we asked you to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/04/help-kqed-capture-lifeinboomtown\" target=\"_blank\">show us your #selfies\u003c/a> and introduce yourself. For our second \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/kqed_forum/\" target=\"_blank\">Instagram\u003c/a> challenge, we're asking you to take a picture of something in your neighborhood that has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it's a slew of new stores, a more crowded BART platform or perhaps a pricetag that gives you sticker shock -- what does change look like in your life? Snap a photo of it, post it to \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/kqed_forum/\" target=\"_blank\">Instagram\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23lifeinboomtown&mode=photos&src=tyah\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter\u003c/a>, and tag it \u003cstrong>#lifeinboomtown\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get us started, \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/katayon/\" target=\"_blank\">@Katayon\u003c/a> submitted this photo of construction at the corner of Fremont and Folsom streets in San Francisco, which she labeled, \"#ugly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10435661 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"skyscraper under construction\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction-75x75.jpg 75w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/construction.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction at the corner of Fremont and Folsom in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Katayon/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And here's a picture of construction in downtown Redwood City from \u003ca href=\"http://instagram.com/jennden74/\" target=\"_blank\">@JennDen74\u003c/a>. She commented: \"\u003cspan class=\"sCaption\">How many cranes can you count? Downtown Redwood City is about to change again.\u003c/span>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435667\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10435667 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-400x400.jpg\" alt=\"Construction cranes in Construction cranes in downtown Redwood City. \" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc-75x75.jpg 75w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/cranesinrwc.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction cranes in downtown Redwood City. \u003ccite>(@JennDen74/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What does change look like in your neighborhood or around your workplace? And feel free to add a line or two about whether you welcome the change or wish it wasn't happening. After all, one person's boom is another person's rising rent. #lifeinboomtown\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is the Bay Area in a Bubble and Will it Burst?",
"title": "Is the Bay Area in a Bubble and Will it Burst?",
"headTitle": "What Should KQED Investigate? | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of our series, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown\u003c/a>, we’re \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/questions\" target=\"_blank\">answering questions\u003c/a> from KQED listeners and readers. Our third one comes from N’Jeri Eaton, a documentary filmmaker based in Oakland, who asks\u003c/em>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435669\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/NJeri-Portrait.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10435669\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/NJeri-Portrait.jpg\" alt=\"N'Jeri Eaton (Courtesy of Kaleb Welch)\" width=\"200\" height=\"275\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">N'Jeri Eaton (Courtesy of Kaleb Welch)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are we in a bubble? Is it going to burst? And if not, what do I do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>N’Jeri Eaton lives in Oakland’s Eastlake neighborhood. “Funktown,” she told us. “It’s amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s part of what she loves most about Oakland, where she has lived for 10 years. She remembers her first visit to the Grand Lake Farmers Market near Lake Merritt -- she couldn’t believe how diverse it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing white Rastafarians and Ethiopians and Vietnamese musicians playing for the crowd … it was just everyone. Oakland felt like a real-life version of United Colors of Benetton,” she said. “This is the first place that has felt like home ever in my entire life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I want to have kids someday soon, and I can’t have a kid in this apartment.'\u003ccite>N’Jeri Eaton, documentary filmmaker\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Eaton loves her cozy apartment and would like to stay here forever, but she’s worried that she won’t be able to. She’s in her 30s, with a full-time job in documentary film. Her life can stay the way it is only if absolutely nothing changes -- not her job, not her rent, not the number of people living in her apartment. And, of course, that’s not realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel vulnerable,” says Eaton, who grew up outside Chicago and has lived many places in the Midwest and on the East Coast. “And I want control of my own space. I want to have kids someday soon, and I can’t have a kid in this apartment and have a healthy semblance of a life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>So Is It a Bubble?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“This is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> a bubble,” says \u003ca href=\"https://beaconecon.com/people/bio/christopher_thornberg\" target=\"_blank\">Chris Thornberg\u003c/a>, an economist in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he’s just one guy, we called him because he has the dubious distinction of having predicted the 2008 market crash. His colleagues used to call him “\u003cem>Dr. Doom\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that the money flooding the Bay Area isn’t built on speculation like the last boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are people with real money, with real incomes,” he says. \"They have enough money to live in whatever cities and neighborhoods they want, so if there’s not enough high-end housing, they’ll just gentrify lower-income neighborhoods.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191622601\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the growth may slow, it won’t stop, Thornberg predicts. He believes the solution is a matter of adding to the housing supply. As more units come on the market, prices become more reasonable for everybody, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others argue that without policies making sure some of the housing is affordable, it’s not going to make any difference for middle-class and poor people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s completely wrong,” Thornberg says. “The evidence tends to suggest that for the most part, when you start layering rule after rule after rule on real estate developers, ultimately you end up simply hurting the supply worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should Eaton do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thornberg's answer? Buy now. Anything you can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Bigger Problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Did you tell him what I do for a living?” Eaton said, laughing, when we told her Thornberg’s advice. “I can’t just plop down $200K for a condo in deep East Oakland. That’s great advice for someone who has a lot of equity and doesn’t work in nonprofits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eaton reached a troubling conclusion: “It’s time for me to leave.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is that really her only hope?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.saffo.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Paul Saffo\u003c/a> is a technology forecaster who thinks about the future of the Bay Area for a living. He said he’d understand if someone like Eaton chose to leave, but he thinks we should try really, really hard to keep her here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m less concerned about your caller’s problem than the region’s problem,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ouN5IsBQmUqEimpNI7mwjC181P36H1iz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More and denser housing alone isn’t going to keep people like Eaton here, says Saffo. We also have to build better transit, bend outdated rules and think creatively about how the region works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some work on this front is already underway. People have proposed new rules for in-law apartments, and some are banding together to buy buildings cooperatively through structures like co-ops and land trusts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saffo says we all need to start thinking cooperatively -- to see the Bay Area as a city-state. Even if this isn’t a bubble, the reality is that single-industry booms don’t last forever, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the danger today is becoming a monoculture,” said Saffo. “So we need to keep thinking about diversity in the ecological sense of lots of different kinds of people, lots of different kinds of industries, lots of different kinds of housing. That’s what protects us when booms go bust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/questions\" target=\"_blank\">Submit a question\u003c/a> you’d like us to answer as part of our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Disclaimer: N’Jeri Eaton is a friend of Casey Miner. She asked KQED her question before Miner received the assignment to answer it.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of our series, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown\u003c/a>, we’re \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/questions\" target=\"_blank\">answering questions\u003c/a> from KQED listeners and readers. Our third one comes from N’Jeri Eaton, a documentary filmmaker based in Oakland, who asks\u003c/em>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10435669\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/NJeri-Portrait.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10435669\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/NJeri-Portrait.jpg\" alt=\"N'Jeri Eaton (Courtesy of Kaleb Welch)\" width=\"200\" height=\"275\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">N'Jeri Eaton (Courtesy of Kaleb Welch)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are we in a bubble? Is it going to burst? And if not, what do I do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>N’Jeri Eaton lives in Oakland’s Eastlake neighborhood. “Funktown,” she told us. “It’s amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s part of what she loves most about Oakland, where she has lived for 10 years. She remembers her first visit to the Grand Lake Farmers Market near Lake Merritt -- she couldn’t believe how diverse it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing white Rastafarians and Ethiopians and Vietnamese musicians playing for the crowd … it was just everyone. Oakland felt like a real-life version of United Colors of Benetton,” she said. “This is the first place that has felt like home ever in my entire life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I want to have kids someday soon, and I can’t have a kid in this apartment.'\u003ccite>N’Jeri Eaton, documentary filmmaker\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Eaton loves her cozy apartment and would like to stay here forever, but she’s worried that she won’t be able to. She’s in her 30s, with a full-time job in documentary film. Her life can stay the way it is only if absolutely nothing changes -- not her job, not her rent, not the number of people living in her apartment. And, of course, that’s not realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel vulnerable,” says Eaton, who grew up outside Chicago and has lived many places in the Midwest and on the East Coast. “And I want control of my own space. I want to have kids someday soon, and I can’t have a kid in this apartment and have a healthy semblance of a life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>So Is It a Bubble?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“This is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> a bubble,” says \u003ca href=\"https://beaconecon.com/people/bio/christopher_thornberg\" target=\"_blank\">Chris Thornberg\u003c/a>, an economist in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he’s just one guy, we called him because he has the dubious distinction of having predicted the 2008 market crash. His colleagues used to call him “\u003cem>Dr. Doom\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that the money flooding the Bay Area isn’t built on speculation like the last boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are people with real money, with real incomes,” he says. \"They have enough money to live in whatever cities and neighborhoods they want, so if there’s not enough high-end housing, they’ll just gentrify lower-income neighborhoods.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191622601&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191622601'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the growth may slow, it won’t stop, Thornberg predicts. He believes the solution is a matter of adding to the housing supply. As more units come on the market, prices become more reasonable for everybody, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others argue that without policies making sure some of the housing is affordable, it’s not going to make any difference for middle-class and poor people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s completely wrong,” Thornberg says. “The evidence tends to suggest that for the most part, when you start layering rule after rule after rule on real estate developers, ultimately you end up simply hurting the supply worse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should Eaton do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thornberg's answer? Buy now. Anything you can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Bigger Problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Did you tell him what I do for a living?” Eaton said, laughing, when we told her Thornberg’s advice. “I can’t just plop down $200K for a condo in deep East Oakland. That’s great advice for someone who has a lot of equity and doesn’t work in nonprofits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eaton reached a troubling conclusion: “It’s time for me to leave.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is that really her only hope?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.saffo.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Paul Saffo\u003c/a> is a technology forecaster who thinks about the future of the Bay Area for a living. He said he’d understand if someone like Eaton chose to leave, but he thinks we should try really, really hard to keep her here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m less concerned about your caller’s problem than the region’s problem,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More and denser housing alone isn’t going to keep people like Eaton here, says Saffo. We also have to build better transit, bend outdated rules and think creatively about how the region works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some work on this front is already underway. People have proposed new rules for in-law apartments, and some are banding together to buy buildings cooperatively through structures like co-ops and land trusts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saffo says we all need to start thinking cooperatively -- to see the Bay Area as a city-state. Even if this isn’t a bubble, the reality is that single-industry booms don’t last forever, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the danger today is becoming a monoculture,” said Saffo. “So we need to keep thinking about diversity in the ecological sense of lots of different kinds of people, lots of different kinds of industries, lots of different kinds of housing. That’s what protects us when booms go bust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/questions\" target=\"_blank\">Submit a question\u003c/a> you’d like us to answer as part of our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Disclaimer: N’Jeri Eaton is a friend of Casey Miner. She asked KQED her question before Miner received the assignment to answer it.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "shipping-operations-to-resume-at-port-of-oakland-amid-ongoing-labor-dispute",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Port of Oakland reopened Tuesday after being idle for most of the last week. Employers have been shutting down operations in response to what they call intentional worker slowdowns, which the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ilwu.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Longshore and Warehouse Union\u003c/a> denies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20,000 dockworkers up and down the West Coast have been working without a contract since July, and contract talks with shipping companies and terminal operators have been at an impasse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ILWU spokesman Craig Merrilees said the port closures are counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> “We’re dealing with big, powerful multinational corporations, most of them foreign-based, and they may feel casual about closing the ports for the West Coast,” Merrilees said. “But I don’t think anybody that lives here does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port reports that containerized imports were down 39 percent last month, compared to January of last year, and exports declined 26 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses that rely on the port are caught in the middle. Joanne Gomez, CFO of the manufacturing company West Bay Counters in San Francisco, said she’s lost business waiting on supplies stuck at the port.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t even get materials for the jobs that we have. So it kind of puts us at a standstill. You know, if you can’t get materials, how do you manufacture things?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s citrus industry is also feeling the effects of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Bitter-shipping-battle-continues-at-Oakland-port-6068413.php?cmpid=gsa-sfgate-result#/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">labor dispute,\u003c/a> which involves 29 West Coast ports. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Central Valley Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha says it’s the height of the harvest season in a state that annually ships some $500 million worth of oranges, lemons and other citrus to Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Some of the highest-quality fruit fetches a premium price in places like Japan and Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Roth, CEO of Cecelia Packing near Fresno, told Khokha that growers who are already struggling — after a bad freeze last winter and the current drought — have been extremely hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The export markets, we derive a couple of extra dollars per box more,” he said. “You sure want the most money you can get for this citrus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said his company is shipping only about 25 percent of its normal load, and is not even sure if all of that is making it across the ocean before the fruit rots. He said he’s worried that even after the dispute at the ports is resolved, it could still take weeks to address the backlog of citrus shipments. And the peak growing season lasts only another six to eight weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that might be good news for California consumers, Khokha says. More citrus could be diverted to the domestic market, resulting in lower prices at the checkout counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other crops affected by the slowdown at the ports include almonds and rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191515422″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Oakland officials are hoping the arrival of President Obama’s labor secretary on Tuesday can help get contract negotiations — and cargo — moving again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to meeting with dockworkers and their employers, Labor Secretary Tom Perez is engaging mayors in port cities affected by the ongoing labor dispute. Over the weekend, Obama said Perez would take a more active role in ending the costly dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez held the first of what will be daily conference calls with the port mayors on Monday. Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf said Perez wanted to hear about the impact of port slowdowns on the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had no idea that we literally had California produce rotting on decks because these ships are so delayed in Southern California, that they’re just turning around and heading back to Asia without coming up to make their originally planned stop in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said Perez is exploring relief measures, such as temporarily relaxing time standards for the movement of goods and whether cities might offer training wages to dockworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said the conference calls will also touch on potential actions that mayors could take as a group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.law.stanford.edu/profile/william-b-gould-iv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">William Gould\u003c/a>, Stanford law professor emeritus and former chairman of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlrb.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Labor Relations Board\u003c/a>, told KQED’s Stephanie Martin Taylor that he’s struck by the fact both sides have overcome major differences — such as wages, health care and contracting out — that are normally formidable in the bargaining process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems as though it’s all boiling down to one issue in Southern California — and that is the choice of an arbitrator, and the concern about rulings that he’s issued dealing with stoppages that have taken place down there,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes that the labor secretary, because of the prestige of the president, has a good shot at bringing the parties together. Gould hopes so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re doing is losing a lot of the work that we have to ports like Houston, as employers begin to look to other ports where they can ship their goods,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Port of Oakland reopened Tuesday after being idle for most of the last week. Employers have been shutting down operations in response to what they call intentional worker slowdowns, which the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ilwu.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Longshore and Warehouse Union\u003c/a> denies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20,000 dockworkers up and down the West Coast have been working without a contract since July, and contract talks with shipping companies and terminal operators have been at an impasse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ILWU spokesman Craig Merrilees said the port closures are counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> “We’re dealing with big, powerful multinational corporations, most of them foreign-based, and they may feel casual about closing the ports for the West Coast,” Merrilees said. “But I don’t think anybody that lives here does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port reports that containerized imports were down 39 percent last month, compared to January of last year, and exports declined 26 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses that rely on the port are caught in the middle. Joanne Gomez, CFO of the manufacturing company West Bay Counters in San Francisco, said she’s lost business waiting on supplies stuck at the port.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t even get materials for the jobs that we have. So it kind of puts us at a standstill. You know, if you can’t get materials, how do you manufacture things?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s citrus industry is also feeling the effects of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Bitter-shipping-battle-continues-at-Oakland-port-6068413.php?cmpid=gsa-sfgate-result#/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">labor dispute,\u003c/a> which involves 29 West Coast ports. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Central Valley Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha says it’s the height of the harvest season in a state that annually ships some $500 million worth of oranges, lemons and other citrus to Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Some of the highest-quality fruit fetches a premium price in places like Japan and Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Roth, CEO of Cecelia Packing near Fresno, told Khokha that growers who are already struggling — after a bad freeze last winter and the current drought — have been extremely hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The export markets, we derive a couple of extra dollars per box more,” he said. “You sure want the most money you can get for this citrus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said his company is shipping only about 25 percent of its normal load, and is not even sure if all of that is making it across the ocean before the fruit rots. He said he’s worried that even after the dispute at the ports is resolved, it could still take weeks to address the backlog of citrus shipments. And the peak growing season lasts only another six to eight weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that might be good news for California consumers, Khokha says. More citrus could be diverted to the domestic market, resulting in lower prices at the checkout counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other crops affected by the slowdown at the ports include almonds and rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191515422″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/191515422″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Oakland officials are hoping the arrival of President Obama’s labor secretary on Tuesday can help get contract negotiations — and cargo — moving again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to meeting with dockworkers and their employers, Labor Secretary Tom Perez is engaging mayors in port cities affected by the ongoing labor dispute. Over the weekend, Obama said Perez would take a more active role in ending the costly dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez held the first of what will be daily conference calls with the port mayors on Monday. Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf said Perez wanted to hear about the impact of port slowdowns on the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He had no idea that we literally had California produce rotting on decks because these ships are so delayed in Southern California, that they’re just turning around and heading back to Asia without coming up to make their originally planned stop in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said Perez is exploring relief measures, such as temporarily relaxing time standards for the movement of goods and whether cities might offer training wages to dockworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf said the conference calls will also touch on potential actions that mayors could take as a group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.law.stanford.edu/profile/william-b-gould-iv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">William Gould\u003c/a>, Stanford law professor emeritus and former chairman of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlrb.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Labor Relations Board\u003c/a>, told KQED’s Stephanie Martin Taylor that he’s struck by the fact both sides have overcome major differences — such as wages, health care and contracting out — that are normally formidable in the bargaining process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems as though it’s all boiling down to one issue in Southern California — and that is the choice of an arbitrator, and the concern about rulings that he’s issued dealing with stoppages that have taken place down there,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes that the labor secretary, because of the prestige of the president, has a good shot at bringing the parties together. Gould hopes so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re doing is losing a lot of the work that we have to ports like Houston, as employers begin to look to other ports where they can ship their goods,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Small Businesses: 'Collateral Damage' in Port Dispute",
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"content": "\u003cp>The labor dispute at West Coast ports is heating up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Port operators announced Wednesday what amounts to a holiday weekend shutdown -- they won't hire crews to load or unload ships Thursday, Saturday, Sunday or Monday, when they'd have to pay Presidents Day holiday or weekend wages to dockworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargo movement has been at virtual gridlock since mid-January, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/13/usa-ports-westcoast-idUSL1N0US09W20150113\" target=\"_blank\">Reuters\u003c/a> report, stranding cargo containers at ports and idling ships at sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/190766315\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The labor dispute began last July, when the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ilwu.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Longshore and Warehouse Union's\u003c/a> contract expired. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmanet.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Maritime Association\u003c/a>, which operates the ports, blames dockworkers for the gridlock in order to gain negotiating leverage. The ILWU blames changes on larger container ships and fewer trailers to haul them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By one estimate, the congestion could cost retailers up to $7 billion this year. And that pain is being felt throughout California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Small Businesses Taking a Hit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bob Bibee owns \u003ca href=\"http://pedegoirvine.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Pedego Irvine\u003c/a>. He employs four people in his Irvine shop, where electric bikes are assembled. But most of the parts, including bike frames, come from a factory in China and arrive by container ship at the Port of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bibee says he's managed to maintain an inventory of parts in his warehouse, but the port trouble has prevented him from getting frames and components for his 2015 models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At one point we had three containers just sitting out there, floating out there in the ocean outside of the San Pedro-Long Beach area, and there's nothing we can do about it,\" Bibee said. \"I get customers calling on a daily basis asking where they are, what's happening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I feel like they're starting to question our integrity. And it's frustrating because there's absolutely nothing we can do about it.'\u003ccite>Bob Bibee,\u003cbr>\nOwner of Pedego Irvine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bibee said he tries to explain to potential customers what's going on and when he'll get the parts they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel like they're starting to question our integrity,\" Bibee said. \"And it's frustrating because there's absolutely nothing we can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bibee says he's lost orders and that people have gone to shop elsewhere. He said he's built and given away bikes similar to what customers want to keep them happy until he can fill their actual order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what that does to me is, I take a brand-new bike, I give it to them, and it comes back in three months beat up, and it costs me money on that side as well,\" Bibee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Foster is the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://onebagatatime.com/\" target=\"_blank\">1 Bag at a Time\u003c/a> in Venice, and she has one full-time employee -- herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Basically, small business owners like me become collateral damage,\" Foster said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sells reusable shopping bags, and her customers are mostly mom-and-pop shops. She says she's experiencing delays of up to seven weeks due to port slowdowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Basically, small-business owners like me become collateral damage.'\u003ccite>Lisa Foster,\u003cbr>\nOwner of 1 Bag at a Time\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"You have to know that when these bags leave my factory, I have to pay for them. That delay is a seven-week delay in my paycheck,\" Foster said. \"My orders are down, I would say about 20 percent, because people just don't want to order right now. I can't guarantee when it'll come in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foster said she's learned to become agile and hopes to have products to sell by Earth Day. She makes most of her profit for the year gearing up for Earth Day, which is in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I may miss entirely the whole Earth Day and that'll be a big hit,\" Foster said. \"My Earth Day is like Christmas for some other people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Officials Urge an End to the Labor Dispute\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 West Coast ports are a big driver of the U.S economy and handle about $1 trillion of goods annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Barbara Boxer urged an end to the labor dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sent a joint letter to the heads of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union and the Pacific Maritime Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They said that people and businesses that rely on the ports have already suffered significant economic damage as a result of what they called unacceptable and unsustainable congestion at the ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Queena Kim and Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The labor dispute at West Coast ports is heating up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Port operators announced Wednesday what amounts to a holiday weekend shutdown -- they won't hire crews to load or unload ships Thursday, Saturday, Sunday or Monday, when they'd have to pay Presidents Day holiday or weekend wages to dockworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargo movement has been at virtual gridlock since mid-January, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/13/usa-ports-westcoast-idUSL1N0US09W20150113\" target=\"_blank\">Reuters\u003c/a> report, stranding cargo containers at ports and idling ships at sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/190766315&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/190766315'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The labor dispute began last July, when the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ilwu.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Longshore and Warehouse Union's\u003c/a> contract expired. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmanet.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Maritime Association\u003c/a>, which operates the ports, blames dockworkers for the gridlock in order to gain negotiating leverage. The ILWU blames changes on larger container ships and fewer trailers to haul them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By one estimate, the congestion could cost retailers up to $7 billion this year. And that pain is being felt throughout California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Small Businesses Taking a Hit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bob Bibee owns \u003ca href=\"http://pedegoirvine.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Pedego Irvine\u003c/a>. He employs four people in his Irvine shop, where electric bikes are assembled. But most of the parts, including bike frames, come from a factory in China and arrive by container ship at the Port of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bibee says he's managed to maintain an inventory of parts in his warehouse, but the port trouble has prevented him from getting frames and components for his 2015 models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At one point we had three containers just sitting out there, floating out there in the ocean outside of the San Pedro-Long Beach area, and there's nothing we can do about it,\" Bibee said. \"I get customers calling on a daily basis asking where they are, what's happening.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I feel like they're starting to question our integrity. And it's frustrating because there's absolutely nothing we can do about it.'\u003ccite>Bob Bibee,\u003cbr>\nOwner of Pedego Irvine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bibee said he tries to explain to potential customers what's going on and when he'll get the parts they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel like they're starting to question our integrity,\" Bibee said. \"And it's frustrating because there's absolutely nothing we can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bibee says he's lost orders and that people have gone to shop elsewhere. He said he's built and given away bikes similar to what customers want to keep them happy until he can fill their actual order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what that does to me is, I take a brand-new bike, I give it to them, and it comes back in three months beat up, and it costs me money on that side as well,\" Bibee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Foster is the owner of \u003ca href=\"http://onebagatatime.com/\" target=\"_blank\">1 Bag at a Time\u003c/a> in Venice, and she has one full-time employee -- herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Basically, small business owners like me become collateral damage,\" Foster said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sells reusable shopping bags, and her customers are mostly mom-and-pop shops. She says she's experiencing delays of up to seven weeks due to port slowdowns.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Basically, small-business owners like me become collateral damage.'\u003ccite>Lisa Foster,\u003cbr>\nOwner of 1 Bag at a Time\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"You have to know that when these bags leave my factory, I have to pay for them. That delay is a seven-week delay in my paycheck,\" Foster said. \"My orders are down, I would say about 20 percent, because people just don't want to order right now. I can't guarantee when it'll come in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foster said she's learned to become agile and hopes to have products to sell by Earth Day. She makes most of her profit for the year gearing up for Earth Day, which is in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I may miss entirely the whole Earth Day and that'll be a big hit,\" Foster said. \"My Earth Day is like Christmas for some other people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Officials Urge an End to the Labor Dispute\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 West Coast ports are a big driver of the U.S economy and handle about $1 trillion of goods annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Barbara Boxer urged an end to the labor dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sent a joint letter to the heads of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union and the Pacific Maritime Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They said that people and businesses that rely on the ports have already suffered significant economic damage as a result of what they called unacceptable and unsustainable congestion at the ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Queena Kim and Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Boomtown, 1870s: Decade of Bonanza, Bust and Unbridled Racism",
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"headTitle": "Boomtown | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>First of two parts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span> am guessing that on some level lots of us buy into the stereotype of the Bay Area as a hotbed of progressive activism. A place that's bluer than blue, that's quick to march, that's home to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.democracynow.org/2009/10/7/as_afghan_war_enters_9th_year\" target=\"_blank\">only member of Congress\u003c/a> to vote against going to war in Afghanistan after 9/11. A place that's proud to have fostered the Free Speech Movement, the Black Panthers and the fight for gay (now LGBTQ) liberation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true that street activism is very much alive here. The last six years, for instance, have seen what amounts to one long campaign against police violence and social injustice -- a campaign that was sparked by the police killing of BART passenger Oscar Grant, became entwined with the economic justice demands of the Occupy movement and that continues today as part of the Black Lives Matter demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">1870s San Francisco was a sort of perverse twin to today's city, home to an activism that was anything but 'progressive.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amid those sporadic eruptions, the tech boom got going and itself became enmeshed in protest. You know the story: Armies of mostly young and highly paid programmers, engineers and entrepreneurs -- and the companies that employ them -- are remaking large swaths of San Francisco, Oakland, the Peninsula and Silicon Valley. Rents have soared, lower-income tenants have lost homes and familiar local businesses, watering holes, art galleries and nonprofits have been priced out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overnight, or so it seemed, fleets of huge corporate shuttle buses appeared on the streets to whisk the better-paid-than-most-of-us technologists to and from Silicon Valley. Anti-eviction activists turned the vehicles into \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/25/google-bus-protest-swells-to-revolt-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\">an internationally recognized symbol\u003c/a> for wealth inequality and community displacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So that's our tradition of activism as it looks in the early 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you get out your pick and shovel (or your library card, Kindle and Web browser) and start digging through the dense strata of protest, agitation and political turbulence that have been laid down here over the decades, you eventually find yourself in 1870s San Francisco, a sort of perverse twin to today's city. It was a place of magnificent wealth displayed amid a full-on depression. It was crowded with desperate and disillusioned people, and it was home to an activism marked by unbridled intolerance and racism directed at one group of immigrants who had ventured across the Pacific to join the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>y 1870, San Francisco had experienced two major booms. The first was touched off in 1848 by the Gold Rush and transformed a village of about 800 people into a city of 35,000 in just five years. When the flow of gold from the Sierra slowed in the mid-1850s, San Francisco suffered its first prolonged economic slump. Population growth slowed and the city's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/13/san-francisco-real-estate-prices-gold-rush\" target=\"_blank\">real estate bubble collapsed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"iwyXPwnnPcISIXLFcSKeuudC8uPKrfI8\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the downturn didn't last long. Another boom got under way in 1859 with the discovery of Nevada's \u003ca href=\"http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/comstock-lode\" target=\"_blank\">Comstock Lode\u003c/a> in the mountains northeast of Lake Tahoe. The Comstock was one of the biggest silver finds in history and touched off a new kind of mining bonanza, one in which speculators, bankers and everyday investors all joined the rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Comstock mines produced more than $300 million in silver in a little more than two decades, wealth that was largely controlled in San Francisco and helped spark the city's rapid growth -- from about 57,000 in 1860 to 150,000 in 1870 and 233,000 in 1880. (The Comstock also drove a secondary mining boom in the hills just south of the small town of San Jose, where mines in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.historysanjose.org/neighborhoods/newalmaden/\">New Almaden district\u003c/a> produced mercury crucial to the gold and silver refining process.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wealth extracted from the mines was one thing. But there was another source of wealth to be tapped, too, for those who knew how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Development of the Comstock was financed largely by investment and speculation on San Francisco's new stock exchange, which focused on trading shares in mining concerns. For a time, everyone wanted in on the game. Here's how Gary Kamiya describes the local Comstock mania in his popular history, \u003ca href=\"http://sfpl.org/index.php?pg=1014001201\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Cool Gray City of Love\u003c/em>\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>San Francisco had always been a gambler’s town, but during silver’s 15-year heyday, virtually the entire population succumbed to a gambling mania unlike any it had seen before or would ever see again. What made speculating in mining stocks so addictive was that their values fluctuated so wildly. A rumor that a new vein had been found could cause the value of a mine’s stock to go up 10 times; it could plummet a week later. As a result, anyone could make a fortune literally overnight, and many did. The entire city buzzed with tales of chambermaids who bought the rooming houses they had worked in a few weeks earlier and of former ditchdiggers riding down newly fashionable Kearny Street in opulent carriages.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But those who got rich -- and for the most part stayed rich -- were a small group of \u003ca href=\"http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/bank-crowd\" target=\"_blank\">bankers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://floodestate.com/GullixsonPresentsTheFloodEstate/History.html\" target=\"_blank\">investors\u003c/a> who controlled both the mines and the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By controlling information from the mines,\" historian Gray Brechin writes in \u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books/about/Imperial_San_Francisco.html?id=lGJq8nWqY-oC\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Imperial San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, this group \"had an advantage available to few other gamblers on the Exchange. The barest hint of a new discovery in the mines triggered mayhem in San Francisco resembling religious rapture or riot. ... Those who had the latest information ... used it to manipulate the market to aggrandize their fortunes from the investments of others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Kamiya and Brechin quote \u003ca href=\"http://www.timeshutter.com/image/robert-louis-stevenson-memorial-san-francisco-california\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Louis Stevenson\u003c/a>'s description of the scene and the process that was at work as he viewed it from a neighborhood he termed \"the hill of palaces\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>From Nob Hill, looking down upon the business wards of the city, we can decry a building with a little belfry, and that is the stock exchange, the heart of San Francisco; a great pump we might call it, continually pumping up the savings of the lower quarters into the pockets of the millionaires upon the hill.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429593\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 559px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10429593\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg\" alt=\"An 1891 view of Nob Hill, looking north up Powell Street. To the left (west) of Powell at the top of the hill are the mansions of Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins and James C. Flood. \" width=\"559\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg 559w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 559px) 100vw, 559px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An 1891 view of Nob Hill, looking north up Powell Street. To the left (west) of Powell at the top of the hill are the mansions of Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins and James C. Flood. \u003ccite>(San Francisco Public Library History Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Comstock made several of those millionaires who built palaces on the hill, including James Flood, whose mansion survives today as the Pacific Union Club, at California and Mason streets. Others who chose Nob Hill as a showcase for their fortunes included Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins, Collis Huntington and Charles Crocker, \u003ca href=\"http://foundsf.org/index.php?title=The_Octopus_and_the_Big_Four\" target=\"_blank\">the Big Four\u003c/a>, the principal founding investors in the Central Pacific, North America's first transcontinental railroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the railroad made the Big Four rich, it didn't turn into the engine of prosperity that promoters promised or that San Francisco expected when it was finished in 1869. On the one hand, the road's completion sent thousands of workers, many of them Chinese immigrants, looking for new jobs. On the other, the railroad served as a conduit for masses of people coming in search of work and land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was little land to be had, though. By one account 0.2 percent of the state's population -- that's two-tenths of 1 percent -- controlled half the land, and huge tracts had been granted to the railroads. Jobs were few, too, as the economy of San Francisco and California as a whole sank into a funk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The particular point we have in view is the lamentable lack of employment for laborers, which is so crying an evil of the day,\" wrote the San Francisco Evening Bulletin in early 1870. \"There are those who estimate the proportion of laborers in California who are out of work ... as high as twenty percent, or one-fifth of the entire mass of inhabitants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There are those who estimate the proportion of laborers in California who are out of work ... as high as twenty percent, or one-fifth of the entire mass of inhabitants.'\u003ccite>San Francisco Evening Bulletin, 1870\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One East Coast commentator wrote that California and San Francisco were experiencing a \"revolution,\" plunging back to earth after the excesses of the Gold Rush and Comstock decades:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Speculation was the groundwork of all her wealth and her growth; uncertainty and irregularity were the laws of her prosperity. High prices and vast profits, a grand and reckless way of business and of life pervaded all her society and her movements,\" wrote Massachusetts newspaper editor Samuel Bowles, who twice visited the city in the mid- and late 1860s. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bowles characterized the situation as the city and state \"struggling into conformity with the modes and morals and money of the nation,\" a transition he observed provoked widespread discontent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At first the people seemed stunned with the revelation and the revolution,\" Bowles said. \"They cursed the railroad, they cursed the Bank of California, and they cursed the Chinese, one and all, as parents of their disappointment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">\"C\u003c/span>ursing the Chinese\" was something of a constant among California's white population in the state's early decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese, of course, had joined the rush to what they called Gold Mountain in 1849, along with immigrants from the eastern U.S. states, Western Europe, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Hawaii, Australia and New Zealand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429650\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10429650\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-400x411.jpg\" alt=\"Chinese workers on the Central Pacific Railroad's route through the Sierra Nevada. \" width=\"400\" height=\"411\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-400x411.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-800x822.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666.jpg 1252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinese workers on the Central Pacific Railroad's route through the Sierra Nevada. \u003ccite>(Harper's Weekly/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White California was not, by and large, a particularly welcoming place for the new arrivals from Mexico and lands south, many of whom were experienced miners when they arrived in the gold fields. Historians note they played an important role in teaching the American novices how to find and remove gold from the streams and hillsides where it lay. Their reward was a state tax on foreign miners and repeated episodes of violence and mistreatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worse was in store for the Chinese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California -- most of the white population, its lawmakers and their enactments -- reserved a sustained hostility for these early Asian immigrants almost from the first. Arriving in the gold fields, they were generally excluded from all but the poorest mining claims -- those that had already been worked and believed exhausted. They were often the target of violence and were, like blacks and Indians, denied the right even to testify in court against those who robbed and attacked them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was the source of the animus, which was soon to have official backing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theodore Hittell, who produced a voluminous California history, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/stream/gb0e4-lf4RejkC#page/n93/mode/2up\" target=\"_blank\">offered this speculation\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>It was the practice of the Chinese then as now to huddle together in special and confined quarters and to dress and live as they had dressed and lived in China. Almost all their clothing and most all their food, which consisted in great part of rice, were imported from their native land. As a class they were harmless, peaceful and exceedingly industrious; but, as they were remarkably economical and spent little or none of their earnings except for the necessaries of life and this chiefly to merchants of their own nationality, they soon began to provoke the prejudice and ill-will of those who could not see any value in their labor to the country.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A much more recent historian -- Charles J. McClain, in \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=eZ7TqtjYlfcC\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>In Search of Equality: The Chinese Struggle against Discrimination in Nineteenth-Century America\u003c/em>\u003c/a> -- cites that passage and amplifies it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In short, [the Chinese] worked too hard (often for less pay than others were willing to accept), saved too much, and spent too little. In addition, they looked and behaved differently from the majority population. Beneath all the surface rationalizations, this was to be the gravamen of the complaint against the Chinese through the many phases of the anti-Chinese movement in California.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That movement led to a series of state and local laws meant to force the Chinese to leave California or make it extremely difficult or expensive to stay. The tax on foreign miners was increased repeatedly. The Legislature enacted a variety of fees and taxes on arriving Chinese immigrants, then a tax of $2.50 month (something like $60 in today's money) on most Chinese residents. Chinese children were excluded from the state's public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We would beg to remind you that when your nation was a wilderness ... we exercised most of the arts and virtues of civilized life.'\u003ccite>Norman Asing,\u003cbr>\nChinese-American merchant\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's Board of Supervisors joined in the anti-Chinese campaign with a long list of discriminatory ordinances. One attempted to ban Chinese peddlers from the common practice of carrying their goods on poles. Other laws attempted to impose punitive fees on the city's large number of Chinese laundries and to regulate the size of rooms in lodging-houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As McClain notes, the Chinese didn't take this continuing assault on their liberty lying down. As the anti-Chinese agitation got under way in the early 1850s, Gov. John Bigler sent the Legislature a special message urging a program of taxes and other measures to stop Chinese immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among his justifications: the unfounded claim that the Chinese arriving in California were \"coolies\" -- essentially indentured servants who were little better than slaves for the Chinese contractors who hired them. He also argued that, in essence, the Chinese were inferior, ignorant of the enlightened American way of doing things: incapable, for instance, of understanding the importance of or keeping an oath of citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bigler's message brought a response from a Chinese merchant in San Francisco named Norman Asing, who blasted the logic of excluding productive immigrants and questioning who in California really represented an inferior culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would beg to remind you that when your nation was a wilderness, and the nation from whom you sprung \u003cem>barbarous\u003c/em>, we exercised most of the arts and virtues of civilized life,\" Asing wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More important, McClain says, is that leading members of the Chinese community, centered in San Francisco, approached the Legislature directly to try to stem the tide of punitive taxes and other laws. When that effort met with only modest success, they challenged the anti-Chinese laws in court and got the worst of them thrown out. In the 1850s, for instance, Chinese plaintiffs sued the state to overturn a tax to be levied against all arriving Chinese passengers and another that sought to ban Chinese from landing at the state's ports. Both laws were struck down for interfering with federal powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise in the late 1860s and early '70s, Chinese Californians waged long and ultimately successful campaigns to win the right to testify in court and to end enforcement of the discriminatory tax on foreign miners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he consistency with which courts struck down the anti-Chinese laws did little to dampen the anti-Chinese movement. Calls for an end to Chinese immigration grew louder as California and San Francisco bumped from one economic trough to another in the 1870s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation in Comstock mining shares grew fevered in 1872, then subsided with widespread losses. Immense new silver discoveries in 1873 triggered another investment frenzy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hubert Howe Bancroft's \u003cem>History of California\u003c/em> said the stock exchanges \"were weird in their excitement, the brokers crying to one another, like the unseemly harpies of Dante's hell, every cry carrying the Comstock higher.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If people were wild in those cases or in the excitement of 1872, they now became, so to speak, insane,\" wrote T.H. Hittell in his own history of the period. He said everyone wanted in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The race for wealth, which was simply a race to secure stock in the bonanza mines, attracted nearly everybody. The man or woman, who had or could raise money and did not invest, was the exception. Not only the profits of common trade, manufactures and agriculture but often the principal, the slow accumulations of industry, the hard-earned wages of labor, the salaries of professors and preachers, the fees of lawyers and physicians, the deposits in savings banks, the produce of mortgaged homesteads, the money that was inherited or that could be borrowed -- nearly all found their way into the mining-stock market.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429664\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/William_Chapman_Ralston-e1423609877768.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10429664\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/William_Chapman_Ralston-400x553.jpg\" alt=\"William C. Ralston, president of the Bank of California, drowned in San Francisco Bay the day after a run on the bank revealed it to be bankrupt. \" width=\"400\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">William C. Ralston, president of the Bank of California, drowned in San Francisco Bay the day after a run on the bank revealed it to be bankrupt. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It didn't take long for the speculation to exact its toll. One of the first and most notable investors ruined in the 1875 fall of mining stocks was San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.net/hist10/wralston.html\">William C. Ralston\u003c/a>. His Bank of California, the biggest financial institution in the state, was forced to close for a time because of losses incurred in his secret speculation in the mines. Ralston drowned off North Beach the day after a run on the bank, a death many presumed to be a suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A plunge in mining stocks in 1877 wiped out investors large and small in the city and led to a renewed financial panic. Economic conditions were made worse by the effects of a drought that wiped out most of the year's wheat crop and devastated the cattle industry. The effects of a nationwide depression added to the malaise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a city with a population that now exceeded 200,000, about one in five adult men were out of work. Charities in the city were feeding about 2,000 people a day. Only the very wealthiest, the insiders who had developed the Comstock mines and those who had built the railroads -- those folks who had put up their palaces on Nob Hill -- seemed to be immune from the hard times that had descended over the city in the summer of 1877.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trade was bad, work was scarce, and for what there was of it the Chinese, willing to take only half the ordinary wages, competed with the white labourer,\" wrote 19th century political historian James Bryce. \"The mob of San Francisco, swelled by disappointed miners from the camps and labourers out of work, men lured from distant homes by the hope of wealth and ease in the land of gold, saw itself on the verge of starvation, while the splendid mansions of speculators, who fifteen years before had kept little shops, rose along the heights of the city, and the newspapers reported their luxurious banquets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the millionaires and San Francisco's roughly 20,000 Chinese residents -- groups at opposite ends of the economic spectrum --- were about to become the targets of a fierce political movement on the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Part 2:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/12/boomtown-history-2b\" target=\"_blank\">'The Chinese Must Go!'\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Boomtown, 1870s: Decade of Bonanza, Bust and Unbridled Racism | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>First of two parts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span> am guessing that on some level lots of us buy into the stereotype of the Bay Area as a hotbed of progressive activism. A place that's bluer than blue, that's quick to march, that's home to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.democracynow.org/2009/10/7/as_afghan_war_enters_9th_year\" target=\"_blank\">only member of Congress\u003c/a> to vote against going to war in Afghanistan after 9/11. A place that's proud to have fostered the Free Speech Movement, the Black Panthers and the fight for gay (now LGBTQ) liberation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's true that street activism is very much alive here. The last six years, for instance, have seen what amounts to one long campaign against police violence and social injustice -- a campaign that was sparked by the police killing of BART passenger Oscar Grant, became entwined with the economic justice demands of the Occupy movement and that continues today as part of the Black Lives Matter demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">1870s San Francisco was a sort of perverse twin to today's city, home to an activism that was anything but 'progressive.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amid those sporadic eruptions, the tech boom got going and itself became enmeshed in protest. You know the story: Armies of mostly young and highly paid programmers, engineers and entrepreneurs -- and the companies that employ them -- are remaking large swaths of San Francisco, Oakland, the Peninsula and Silicon Valley. Rents have soared, lower-income tenants have lost homes and familiar local businesses, watering holes, art galleries and nonprofits have been priced out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overnight, or so it seemed, fleets of huge corporate shuttle buses appeared on the streets to whisk the better-paid-than-most-of-us technologists to and from Silicon Valley. Anti-eviction activists turned the vehicles into \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/25/google-bus-protest-swells-to-revolt-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\">an internationally recognized symbol\u003c/a> for wealth inequality and community displacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So that's our tradition of activism as it looks in the early 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you get out your pick and shovel (or your library card, Kindle and Web browser) and start digging through the dense strata of protest, agitation and political turbulence that have been laid down here over the decades, you eventually find yourself in 1870s San Francisco, a sort of perverse twin to today's city. It was a place of magnificent wealth displayed amid a full-on depression. It was crowded with desperate and disillusioned people, and it was home to an activism marked by unbridled intolerance and racism directed at one group of immigrants who had ventured across the Pacific to join the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>y 1870, San Francisco had experienced two major booms. The first was touched off in 1848 by the Gold Rush and transformed a village of about 800 people into a city of 35,000 in just five years. When the flow of gold from the Sierra slowed in the mid-1850s, San Francisco suffered its first prolonged economic slump. Population growth slowed and the city's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/13/san-francisco-real-estate-prices-gold-rush\" target=\"_blank\">real estate bubble collapsed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the downturn didn't last long. Another boom got under way in 1859 with the discovery of Nevada's \u003ca href=\"http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/comstock-lode\" target=\"_blank\">Comstock Lode\u003c/a> in the mountains northeast of Lake Tahoe. The Comstock was one of the biggest silver finds in history and touched off a new kind of mining bonanza, one in which speculators, bankers and everyday investors all joined the rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Comstock mines produced more than $300 million in silver in a little more than two decades, wealth that was largely controlled in San Francisco and helped spark the city's rapid growth -- from about 57,000 in 1860 to 150,000 in 1870 and 233,000 in 1880. (The Comstock also drove a secondary mining boom in the hills just south of the small town of San Jose, where mines in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.historysanjose.org/neighborhoods/newalmaden/\">New Almaden district\u003c/a> produced mercury crucial to the gold and silver refining process.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wealth extracted from the mines was one thing. But there was another source of wealth to be tapped, too, for those who knew how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Development of the Comstock was financed largely by investment and speculation on San Francisco's new stock exchange, which focused on trading shares in mining concerns. For a time, everyone wanted in on the game. Here's how Gary Kamiya describes the local Comstock mania in his popular history, \u003ca href=\"http://sfpl.org/index.php?pg=1014001201\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Cool Gray City of Love\u003c/em>\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>San Francisco had always been a gambler’s town, but during silver’s 15-year heyday, virtually the entire population succumbed to a gambling mania unlike any it had seen before or would ever see again. What made speculating in mining stocks so addictive was that their values fluctuated so wildly. A rumor that a new vein had been found could cause the value of a mine’s stock to go up 10 times; it could plummet a week later. As a result, anyone could make a fortune literally overnight, and many did. The entire city buzzed with tales of chambermaids who bought the rooming houses they had worked in a few weeks earlier and of former ditchdiggers riding down newly fashionable Kearny Street in opulent carriages.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But those who got rich -- and for the most part stayed rich -- were a small group of \u003ca href=\"http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/bank-crowd\" target=\"_blank\">bankers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://floodestate.com/GullixsonPresentsTheFloodEstate/History.html\" target=\"_blank\">investors\u003c/a> who controlled both the mines and the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By controlling information from the mines,\" historian Gray Brechin writes in \u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books/about/Imperial_San_Francisco.html?id=lGJq8nWqY-oC\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Imperial San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, this group \"had an advantage available to few other gamblers on the Exchange. The barest hint of a new discovery in the mines triggered mayhem in San Francisco resembling religious rapture or riot. ... Those who had the latest information ... used it to manipulate the market to aggrandize their fortunes from the investments of others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Kamiya and Brechin quote \u003ca href=\"http://www.timeshutter.com/image/robert-louis-stevenson-memorial-san-francisco-california\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Louis Stevenson\u003c/a>'s description of the scene and the process that was at work as he viewed it from a neighborhood he termed \"the hill of palaces\":\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>From Nob Hill, looking down upon the business wards of the city, we can decry a building with a little belfry, and that is the stock exchange, the heart of San Francisco; a great pump we might call it, continually pumping up the savings of the lower quarters into the pockets of the millionaires upon the hill.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429593\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 559px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10429593\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg\" alt=\"An 1891 view of Nob Hill, looking north up Powell Street. To the left (west) of Powell at the top of the hill are the mansions of Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins and James C. Flood. \" width=\"559\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544.jpg 559w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/RS14046_AAB-9544-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 559px) 100vw, 559px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An 1891 view of Nob Hill, looking north up Powell Street. To the left (west) of Powell at the top of the hill are the mansions of Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins and James C. Flood. \u003ccite>(San Francisco Public Library History Center)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Comstock made several of those millionaires who built palaces on the hill, including James Flood, whose mansion survives today as the Pacific Union Club, at California and Mason streets. Others who chose Nob Hill as a showcase for their fortunes included Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins, Collis Huntington and Charles Crocker, \u003ca href=\"http://foundsf.org/index.php?title=The_Octopus_and_the_Big_Four\" target=\"_blank\">the Big Four\u003c/a>, the principal founding investors in the Central Pacific, North America's first transcontinental railroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the railroad made the Big Four rich, it didn't turn into the engine of prosperity that promoters promised or that San Francisco expected when it was finished in 1869. On the one hand, the road's completion sent thousands of workers, many of them Chinese immigrants, looking for new jobs. On the other, the railroad served as a conduit for masses of people coming in search of work and land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was little land to be had, though. By one account 0.2 percent of the state's population -- that's two-tenths of 1 percent -- controlled half the land, and huge tracts had been granted to the railroads. Jobs were few, too, as the economy of San Francisco and California as a whole sank into a funk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The particular point we have in view is the lamentable lack of employment for laborers, which is so crying an evil of the day,\" wrote the San Francisco Evening Bulletin in early 1870. \"There are those who estimate the proportion of laborers in California who are out of work ... as high as twenty percent, or one-fifth of the entire mass of inhabitants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There are those who estimate the proportion of laborers in California who are out of work ... as high as twenty percent, or one-fifth of the entire mass of inhabitants.'\u003ccite>San Francisco Evening Bulletin, 1870\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One East Coast commentator wrote that California and San Francisco were experiencing a \"revolution,\" plunging back to earth after the excesses of the Gold Rush and Comstock decades:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Speculation was the groundwork of all her wealth and her growth; uncertainty and irregularity were the laws of her prosperity. High prices and vast profits, a grand and reckless way of business and of life pervaded all her society and her movements,\" wrote Massachusetts newspaper editor Samuel Bowles, who twice visited the city in the mid- and late 1860s. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bowles characterized the situation as the city and state \"struggling into conformity with the modes and morals and money of the nation,\" a transition he observed provoked widespread discontent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At first the people seemed stunned with the revelation and the revolution,\" Bowles said. \"They cursed the railroad, they cursed the Bank of California, and they cursed the Chinese, one and all, as parents of their disappointment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">\"C\u003c/span>ursing the Chinese\" was something of a constant among California's white population in the state's early decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese, of course, had joined the rush to what they called Gold Mountain in 1849, along with immigrants from the eastern U.S. states, Western Europe, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Hawaii, Australia and New Zealand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429650\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10429650\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-400x411.jpg\" alt=\"Chinese workers on the Central Pacific Railroad's route through the Sierra Nevada. \" width=\"400\" height=\"411\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-400x411.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-800x822.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/chineserailroad-e1423609155666.jpg 1252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinese workers on the Central Pacific Railroad's route through the Sierra Nevada. \u003ccite>(Harper's Weekly/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White California was not, by and large, a particularly welcoming place for the new arrivals from Mexico and lands south, many of whom were experienced miners when they arrived in the gold fields. Historians note they played an important role in teaching the American novices how to find and remove gold from the streams and hillsides where it lay. Their reward was a state tax on foreign miners and repeated episodes of violence and mistreatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worse was in store for the Chinese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California -- most of the white population, its lawmakers and their enactments -- reserved a sustained hostility for these early Asian immigrants almost from the first. Arriving in the gold fields, they were generally excluded from all but the poorest mining claims -- those that had already been worked and believed exhausted. They were often the target of violence and were, like blacks and Indians, denied the right even to testify in court against those who robbed and attacked them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was the source of the animus, which was soon to have official backing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theodore Hittell, who produced a voluminous California history, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/stream/gb0e4-lf4RejkC#page/n93/mode/2up\" target=\"_blank\">offered this speculation\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>It was the practice of the Chinese then as now to huddle together in special and confined quarters and to dress and live as they had dressed and lived in China. Almost all their clothing and most all their food, which consisted in great part of rice, were imported from their native land. As a class they were harmless, peaceful and exceedingly industrious; but, as they were remarkably economical and spent little or none of their earnings except for the necessaries of life and this chiefly to merchants of their own nationality, they soon began to provoke the prejudice and ill-will of those who could not see any value in their labor to the country.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A much more recent historian -- Charles J. McClain, in \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=eZ7TqtjYlfcC\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>In Search of Equality: The Chinese Struggle against Discrimination in Nineteenth-Century America\u003c/em>\u003c/a> -- cites that passage and amplifies it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In short, [the Chinese] worked too hard (often for less pay than others were willing to accept), saved too much, and spent too little. In addition, they looked and behaved differently from the majority population. Beneath all the surface rationalizations, this was to be the gravamen of the complaint against the Chinese through the many phases of the anti-Chinese movement in California.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That movement led to a series of state and local laws meant to force the Chinese to leave California or make it extremely difficult or expensive to stay. The tax on foreign miners was increased repeatedly. The Legislature enacted a variety of fees and taxes on arriving Chinese immigrants, then a tax of $2.50 month (something like $60 in today's money) on most Chinese residents. Chinese children were excluded from the state's public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We would beg to remind you that when your nation was a wilderness ... we exercised most of the arts and virtues of civilized life.'\u003ccite>Norman Asing,\u003cbr>\nChinese-American merchant\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's Board of Supervisors joined in the anti-Chinese campaign with a long list of discriminatory ordinances. One attempted to ban Chinese peddlers from the common practice of carrying their goods on poles. Other laws attempted to impose punitive fees on the city's large number of Chinese laundries and to regulate the size of rooms in lodging-houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As McClain notes, the Chinese didn't take this continuing assault on their liberty lying down. As the anti-Chinese agitation got under way in the early 1850s, Gov. John Bigler sent the Legislature a special message urging a program of taxes and other measures to stop Chinese immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among his justifications: the unfounded claim that the Chinese arriving in California were \"coolies\" -- essentially indentured servants who were little better than slaves for the Chinese contractors who hired them. He also argued that, in essence, the Chinese were inferior, ignorant of the enlightened American way of doing things: incapable, for instance, of understanding the importance of or keeping an oath of citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bigler's message brought a response from a Chinese merchant in San Francisco named Norman Asing, who blasted the logic of excluding productive immigrants and questioning who in California really represented an inferior culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would beg to remind you that when your nation was a wilderness, and the nation from whom you sprung \u003cem>barbarous\u003c/em>, we exercised most of the arts and virtues of civilized life,\" Asing wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More important, McClain says, is that leading members of the Chinese community, centered in San Francisco, approached the Legislature directly to try to stem the tide of punitive taxes and other laws. When that effort met with only modest success, they challenged the anti-Chinese laws in court and got the worst of them thrown out. In the 1850s, for instance, Chinese plaintiffs sued the state to overturn a tax to be levied against all arriving Chinese passengers and another that sought to ban Chinese from landing at the state's ports. Both laws were struck down for interfering with federal powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise in the late 1860s and early '70s, Chinese Californians waged long and ultimately successful campaigns to win the right to testify in court and to end enforcement of the discriminatory tax on foreign miners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he consistency with which courts struck down the anti-Chinese laws did little to dampen the anti-Chinese movement. Calls for an end to Chinese immigration grew louder as California and San Francisco bumped from one economic trough to another in the 1870s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation in Comstock mining shares grew fevered in 1872, then subsided with widespread losses. Immense new silver discoveries in 1873 triggered another investment frenzy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hubert Howe Bancroft's \u003cem>History of California\u003c/em> said the stock exchanges \"were weird in their excitement, the brokers crying to one another, like the unseemly harpies of Dante's hell, every cry carrying the Comstock higher.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If people were wild in those cases or in the excitement of 1872, they now became, so to speak, insane,\" wrote T.H. Hittell in his own history of the period. He said everyone wanted in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The race for wealth, which was simply a race to secure stock in the bonanza mines, attracted nearly everybody. The man or woman, who had or could raise money and did not invest, was the exception. Not only the profits of common trade, manufactures and agriculture but often the principal, the slow accumulations of industry, the hard-earned wages of labor, the salaries of professors and preachers, the fees of lawyers and physicians, the deposits in savings banks, the produce of mortgaged homesteads, the money that was inherited or that could be borrowed -- nearly all found their way into the mining-stock market.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10429664\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/William_Chapman_Ralston-e1423609877768.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10429664\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/02/William_Chapman_Ralston-400x553.jpg\" alt=\"William C. Ralston, president of the Bank of California, drowned in San Francisco Bay the day after a run on the bank revealed it to be bankrupt. \" width=\"400\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">William C. Ralston, president of the Bank of California, drowned in San Francisco Bay the day after a run on the bank revealed it to be bankrupt. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It didn't take long for the speculation to exact its toll. One of the first and most notable investors ruined in the 1875 fall of mining stocks was San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.net/hist10/wralston.html\">William C. Ralston\u003c/a>. His Bank of California, the biggest financial institution in the state, was forced to close for a time because of losses incurred in his secret speculation in the mines. Ralston drowned off North Beach the day after a run on the bank, a death many presumed to be a suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A plunge in mining stocks in 1877 wiped out investors large and small in the city and led to a renewed financial panic. Economic conditions were made worse by the effects of a drought that wiped out most of the year's wheat crop and devastated the cattle industry. The effects of a nationwide depression added to the malaise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a city with a population that now exceeded 200,000, about one in five adult men were out of work. Charities in the city were feeding about 2,000 people a day. Only the very wealthiest, the insiders who had developed the Comstock mines and those who had built the railroads -- those folks who had put up their palaces on Nob Hill -- seemed to be immune from the hard times that had descended over the city in the summer of 1877.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trade was bad, work was scarce, and for what there was of it the Chinese, willing to take only half the ordinary wages, competed with the white labourer,\" wrote 19th century political historian James Bryce. \"The mob of San Francisco, swelled by disappointed miners from the camps and labourers out of work, men lured from distant homes by the hope of wealth and ease in the land of gold, saw itself on the verge of starvation, while the splendid mansions of speculators, who fifteen years before had kept little shops, rose along the heights of the city, and the newspapers reported their luxurious banquets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the millionaires and San Francisco's roughly 20,000 Chinese residents -- groups at opposite ends of the economic spectrum --- were about to become the targets of a fierce political movement on the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Part 2:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/12/boomtown-history-2b\" target=\"_blank\">'The Chinese Must Go!'\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Curious about the boom/bust cycle that is reshaping the Bay Area? Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/boomtown\" target=\"_blank\">Boomtown series.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
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"description": "Get informed in minutes with our Voter Guide for California’s November 3 election."
},
"podcasts-radio": {},
"video-tv": {},
"events": {},
"support": {}
}
}
}