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"content": "\u003cp>Early-season storms will bring scattered showers and a slight chance of thunderstorms across the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area-weather\">Bay Area\u003c/a> starting Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first storm, driven by a low-pressure system off the Pacific Northwest, is expected to mainly affect the North Bay. As much as a quarter-inch of rain could fall in the northern portion of Sonoma County, said Joe Merchant, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office. The rest of the Bay Area could receive as much as a tenth of an inch of rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The storm loses a little bit of a punch as it comes onshore,” Merchant said. “We’re not expecting much in the way of impacts as far as any flooding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a break on Tuesday, a second cold front could bring more \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057407/weather-in-san-francisco-and-the-bay-area-takes-a-dramatic-turn-after-record-heat\">unsettled weather\u003c/a>, with rain forecast for Wednesday and Thursday. Merchant said the highest rainfall totals will once again be over the North Bay, with a 10% chance of thunderstorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wednesday’s storm still has a chance to sort of overachieve because it’s tapping into some moisture way out west,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the storms break, rainfall totals for the week could be as high as an inch in the North Bay and about half as much for the rest of the region, Merchant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By Thursday, most of the interesting weather will be behind us, but the details of the more subtle pattern become uncertain,” meteorologists wrote in the weather service’s daily forecast discussion. They said there “isn’t any real threat of more rain” and conditions will likely be cooler through Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After this week’s stormy weather, Merchant said long-term weather outlooks suggest warmer and near-normal weather in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After these fronts, we’re going to dry out and there’s not much on the horizon after that,” Merchant said. “That can obviously change very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a break on Tuesday, a second cold front could bring more \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057407/weather-in-san-francisco-and-the-bay-area-takes-a-dramatic-turn-after-record-heat\">unsettled weather\u003c/a>, with rain forecast for Wednesday and Thursday. Merchant said the highest rainfall totals will once again be over the North Bay, with a 10% chance of thunderstorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wednesday’s storm still has a chance to sort of overachieve because it’s tapping into some moisture way out west,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the storms break, rainfall totals for the week could be as high as an inch in the North Bay and about half as much for the rest of the region, Merchant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By Thursday, most of the interesting weather will be behind us, but the details of the more subtle pattern become uncertain,” meteorologists wrote in the weather service’s daily forecast discussion. They said there “isn’t any real threat of more rain” and conditions will likely be cooler through Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After this week’s stormy weather, Merchant said long-term weather outlooks suggest warmer and near-normal weather in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After these fronts, we’re going to dry out and there’s not much on the horizon after that,” Merchant said. “That can obviously change very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Electronic Arts, the Redwood City-based maker of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/gaming\">video games\u003c/a> like “Madden NFL,” “Battlefield,” and “The Sims,” is being acquired for $52.5 billion in what could become the largest buyout ever funded by private equity firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silver Lake Partners, Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund PIF, and Affinity Partners will pay EA’s stockholders $210 per share. Affinity Partners is run by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal is valued at $55 billion if EA’s debt is included, far exceeding the $32 billion price tag to take Texas utility TXU private in 2007, which had shattered records for leveraged buyouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PIF, which was currently the largest insider stakeholder in Electronic Arts, will be rolling over its existing 9.9% investment in the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commitment to the massive deal is in line with recent activity in the gaming sector by Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund, wrote Andrew Marok, analyst with private equity researcher Raymond James.[aside postID=arts_13973088 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/03/trishotnew-1020x574.jpeg']“The Saudi PIF has been a very active player in the video gaming market since 2022, taking minority stakes in most scaled public video gaming publishers, and also outright purchases of companies like ESL, FACEIT, and Scopely,” he wrote. “The PIF has made its intentions to scale its gaming arm, Savvy Gaming Group, clear, and the EA deal would represent the biggest such move to date by some distance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PIF is also a minority investor in Nintendo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the transaction closes as anticipated, it will end EA’s 36-year history as a publicly traded company that began with its shares ending its first day of trading at a split-adjusted 52 cents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IPO came seven years after EA was founded by former Apple employee William “Trip” Hawkins, who began playing analog versions of baseball and football made by “Strat-O-Matic” as a teenager during the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Andrew Wilson has led the company since 2013 and he will remain in that role, the firms said Monday. Electronic Arts would be taken private and its headquarters would remain in Redwood City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Electronic Arts is an extraordinary company with a world-class management team and a bold vision for the future,” said Kushner, CEO of Affinity Partners. “I’ve admired their ability to create iconic, lasting experiences, and as someone who grew up playing their games — and now enjoys them with his kids — I couldn’t be more excited about what’s ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the video game market has attracted large investors in recent years.[aside postID=news_12057327 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/AIandReligion_webimg.png']One of EA’s biggest rivals, Activision Blizzard, was snapped up by technology powerhouse \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/microsoft-activision-video-game-britain-ed7f6123dd114098fe64c03a88f84327\">Microsoft for nearly $69 billion in 2023,\u003c/a> while the competition from mobile video game makers such as Epic Games has intensified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marks the second high-profile deal involving Silver Lake and a technology company with a legion of loyal fans in recent weeks. Silver Lake is also part of a newly formed joint venture spearheaded by Oracle involved in a deal to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-tiktok-china-d5d8a1d56b5185778536874d7fc1ee62\">take over the U.S. oversight\u003c/a> of TikTok’s social video platform, although all the details of that complex transaction haven’t been divulged yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silver Lake also bought out two other well-known technology companies, the now-defunct video calling service \u003ca href=\"https://www.silverlake.com/investor-group-to-acquire-majority-stake-in-skype/\">Skype in a $1.9 billion deal\u003c/a> completed in 2009, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.silverlake.com/dell-completes-go-private-transaction/\">a $24.9 billion buyout\u003c/a> of personal computer maker Dell in 2013. After Dell restructured its operations as a private company, it returned to the stock market with publicly traded shares in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By going private, EA will be able to retool operations without worrying about market reactions. Although its video games still have a fervent following, EA’s annual revenues have been stagnant during the past three fiscal years, hovering from $7.4 billion to $7.6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Hickey of The Benchmark Company thinks the proposed deal’s $210 per share offer price may be falling short of EA’s intrinsic value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With Battlefield 6 about to launch and a pipeline that could add more than $2B in incremental bookings by FY28, the true earnings power of EA is only beginning to emerge,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hickey is unsure if the transaction is in shareholders’ best interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our view, this transaction is a self-serving, opportunistic move by management and the investor group,” he wrote. “Management has long been rumored to seek a sale around $200 per share, a level that may have been defensible in prior years but not in the current environment where visibility into growth, franchise momentum, and pipeline strength is far more robust. The board’s decision to recommend a sale at $210 per share suggests a prioritization of near-term certainty and legacy over maximizing long-term shareholder value.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nick McKay of Freedom Capital Markets believes the offer makes sense for EA because share price appreciation is likely limited given that the success of its sports franchises and various live services streams are already mostly baked into the stock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial backing and resources of the investor consortium should enable EA to increase its focus on long-term growth opportunities that may have been viewed as too risky or expensive as a public company,” he wrote in an analyst note.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EA shares, which rose nearly 5% on Monday, had jumped 15% on Friday after rumors of a takeover began to circulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal is expected to close in the first quarter of fiscal 2027. It still needs approval from EA shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Electronic Arts, the Redwood City-based maker of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/gaming\">video games\u003c/a> like “Madden NFL,” “Battlefield,” and “The Sims,” is being acquired for $52.5 billion in what could become the largest buyout ever funded by private equity firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silver Lake Partners, Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund PIF, and Affinity Partners will pay EA’s stockholders $210 per share. Affinity Partners is run by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal is valued at $55 billion if EA’s debt is included, far exceeding the $32 billion price tag to take Texas utility TXU private in 2007, which had shattered records for leveraged buyouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PIF, which was currently the largest insider stakeholder in Electronic Arts, will be rolling over its existing 9.9% investment in the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commitment to the massive deal is in line with recent activity in the gaming sector by Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund, wrote Andrew Marok, analyst with private equity researcher Raymond James.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The Saudi PIF has been a very active player in the video gaming market since 2022, taking minority stakes in most scaled public video gaming publishers, and also outright purchases of companies like ESL, FACEIT, and Scopely,” he wrote. “The PIF has made its intentions to scale its gaming arm, Savvy Gaming Group, clear, and the EA deal would represent the biggest such move to date by some distance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PIF is also a minority investor in Nintendo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the transaction closes as anticipated, it will end EA’s 36-year history as a publicly traded company that began with its shares ending its first day of trading at a split-adjusted 52 cents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IPO came seven years after EA was founded by former Apple employee William “Trip” Hawkins, who began playing analog versions of baseball and football made by “Strat-O-Matic” as a teenager during the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Andrew Wilson has led the company since 2013 and he will remain in that role, the firms said Monday. Electronic Arts would be taken private and its headquarters would remain in Redwood City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Electronic Arts is an extraordinary company with a world-class management team and a bold vision for the future,” said Kushner, CEO of Affinity Partners. “I’ve admired their ability to create iconic, lasting experiences, and as someone who grew up playing their games — and now enjoys them with his kids — I couldn’t be more excited about what’s ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the video game market has attracted large investors in recent years.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One of EA’s biggest rivals, Activision Blizzard, was snapped up by technology powerhouse \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/microsoft-activision-video-game-britain-ed7f6123dd114098fe64c03a88f84327\">Microsoft for nearly $69 billion in 2023,\u003c/a> while the competition from mobile video game makers such as Epic Games has intensified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marks the second high-profile deal involving Silver Lake and a technology company with a legion of loyal fans in recent weeks. Silver Lake is also part of a newly formed joint venture spearheaded by Oracle involved in a deal to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-tiktok-china-d5d8a1d56b5185778536874d7fc1ee62\">take over the U.S. oversight\u003c/a> of TikTok’s social video platform, although all the details of that complex transaction haven’t been divulged yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silver Lake also bought out two other well-known technology companies, the now-defunct video calling service \u003ca href=\"https://www.silverlake.com/investor-group-to-acquire-majority-stake-in-skype/\">Skype in a $1.9 billion deal\u003c/a> completed in 2009, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.silverlake.com/dell-completes-go-private-transaction/\">a $24.9 billion buyout\u003c/a> of personal computer maker Dell in 2013. After Dell restructured its operations as a private company, it returned to the stock market with publicly traded shares in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By going private, EA will be able to retool operations without worrying about market reactions. Although its video games still have a fervent following, EA’s annual revenues have been stagnant during the past three fiscal years, hovering from $7.4 billion to $7.6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Hickey of The Benchmark Company thinks the proposed deal’s $210 per share offer price may be falling short of EA’s intrinsic value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With Battlefield 6 about to launch and a pipeline that could add more than $2B in incremental bookings by FY28, the true earnings power of EA is only beginning to emerge,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hickey is unsure if the transaction is in shareholders’ best interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our view, this transaction is a self-serving, opportunistic move by management and the investor group,” he wrote. “Management has long been rumored to seek a sale around $200 per share, a level that may have been defensible in prior years but not in the current environment where visibility into growth, franchise momentum, and pipeline strength is far more robust. The board’s decision to recommend a sale at $210 per share suggests a prioritization of near-term certainty and legacy over maximizing long-term shareholder value.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nick McKay of Freedom Capital Markets believes the offer makes sense for EA because share price appreciation is likely limited given that the success of its sports franchises and various live services streams are already mostly baked into the stock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial backing and resources of the investor consortium should enable EA to increase its focus on long-term growth opportunities that may have been viewed as too risky or expensive as a public company,” he wrote in an analyst note.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EA shares, which rose nearly 5% on Monday, had jumped 15% on Friday after rumors of a takeover began to circulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal is expected to close in the first quarter of fiscal 2027. It still needs approval from EA shareholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Manager Bob Melvin was fired Monday by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco-giants\">the San Francisco Giants\u003c/a> after the club missed the playoffs for a fourth straight season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giants President of Baseball Operations \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/buster-posey\">Buster Posey\u003c/a> announced the decision Monday. Posey had shown his confidence in Melvin by exercising the veteran manager’s contract option for the 2026 season on July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, after Sunday’s 4–0 victory against Colorado to conclude his second season, Melvin said he had received no assurances about managing in 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is what it is,” he said. “We’ll see what the next day brings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Giants finished 81–81 for one more victory than in Melvin’s first year. They haven’t reached the postseason since winning the NL West with a franchise-record 107 victories to edge the rival Dodgers by one game in 2021 under then-skipper Gabe Kapler.[aside postID=news_12057075 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/240604-OAKLAND-BALLERS-AC-05-KQED-1020x680.jpg']“After meeting with ownership, I met with Bob today to inform him of my decision,” Posey said in a statement. “On behalf of the organization, I want to express my appreciation to Bob for his dedication, professionalism and class. I wish him all the best. After careful evaluation, we determined that making a change in leadership was in the best interest of the team. The last couple of months have been both disappointing and frustrating for all of us, and we did not perform up to our standards. We now turn our focus to identifying a new leader to guide us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players offered support for Melvin as the season ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know how I feel about BoMel, I loved him. He’s been my manager for I guess seven years,” said third baseman Matt Chapman, who also played for Melvin with Oakland. “I feel extremely grateful that I get to play for him and he’s the same guy every day. He’s been steady for us, he’s always honest with the players, he has our back. He’s done the best with what we’ve given him. The players, a lot of us, didn’t play to probably our capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 63-year-old Melvin left the San Diego Padres \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bob-melvin-giants-padres-hired-manager-d9c861b54aef09b7e30814f0e54cec8b\">to return home to the Bay Area\u003c/a> and manage the Giants last year for the job he always dreamed of doing as a former catcher with the organization. This is his 22nd year as a major league manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melvin has a 1,678–1,588 career regular-season managerial record. A three-time Manager of the Year who has won the award in both leagues, he has eight postseason appearances while guiding Arizona, Seattle, Oakland, San Diego and the Giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco finished 80–82 in Melvin’s first season last year after he replaced Kapler, who was fired with three days remaining in the 2023 season.[aside postID=news_12056563 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250917-VALKYRIESPLAYOFFS-14-BL_QED-KQED.jpg']Melvin is a native of nearby Palo Alto. He attended UC Berkeley and played for his hometown Giants from 1986–88.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bob-melvin-giants-padres-hired-manager-d9c861b54aef09b7e30814f0e54cec8b\">This has been his dream job\u003c/a>, one he thought about in each visit to Oracle Park as a visiting manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His players realized their skipper’s passion for being in a place that means so much to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While several Giants — including All-Star Logan Webb — said they don’t expect Posey to be satisfied with this disappointing year, that didn’t necessarily mean they expected a managerial change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s done a great job,” Webb said after Sunday’s start. “I know I said some things last time that I think got misconstrued. It had nothing to do with BoMel. He’s amazing at what he does. I think at the end of the day, it comes down to us being able to play better as players, and I think everyone in here will say the exact same thing. BoMel’s a great leader of men. It’s been amazing. I think BoMel is great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“After meeting with ownership, I met with Bob today to inform him of my decision,” Posey said in a statement. “On behalf of the organization, I want to express my appreciation to Bob for his dedication, professionalism and class. I wish him all the best. After careful evaluation, we determined that making a change in leadership was in the best interest of the team. The last couple of months have been both disappointing and frustrating for all of us, and we did not perform up to our standards. We now turn our focus to identifying a new leader to guide us forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players offered support for Melvin as the season ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know how I feel about BoMel, I loved him. He’s been my manager for I guess seven years,” said third baseman Matt Chapman, who also played for Melvin with Oakland. “I feel extremely grateful that I get to play for him and he’s the same guy every day. He’s been steady for us, he’s always honest with the players, he has our back. He’s done the best with what we’ve given him. The players, a lot of us, didn’t play to probably our capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 63-year-old Melvin left the San Diego Padres \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bob-melvin-giants-padres-hired-manager-d9c861b54aef09b7e30814f0e54cec8b\">to return home to the Bay Area\u003c/a> and manage the Giants last year for the job he always dreamed of doing as a former catcher with the organization. This is his 22nd year as a major league manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melvin has a 1,678–1,588 career regular-season managerial record. A three-time Manager of the Year who has won the award in both leagues, he has eight postseason appearances while guiding Arizona, Seattle, Oakland, San Diego and the Giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco finished 80–82 in Melvin’s first season last year after he replaced Kapler, who was fired with three days remaining in the 2023 season.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Melvin is a native of nearby Palo Alto. He attended UC Berkeley and played for his hometown Giants from 1986–88.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bob-melvin-giants-padres-hired-manager-d9c861b54aef09b7e30814f0e54cec8b\">This has been his dream job\u003c/a>, one he thought about in each visit to Oracle Park as a visiting manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His players realized their skipper’s passion for being in a place that means so much to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While several Giants — including All-Star Logan Webb — said they don’t expect Posey to be satisfied with this disappointing year, that didn’t necessarily mean they expected a managerial change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s done a great job,” Webb said after Sunday’s start. “I know I said some things last time that I think got misconstrued. It had nothing to do with BoMel. He’s amazing at what he does. I think at the end of the day, it comes down to us being able to play better as players, and I think everyone in here will say the exact same thing. BoMel’s a great leader of men. It’s been amazing. I think BoMel is great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The campaigns for and against Gov. Gavin Newsom’s controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/redistricting\">redistricting ballot measure\u003c/a> are raising millions to flood California’s airwaves ahead of the state’s Nov. 4 special election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Sept. 20, Newsom’s campaign supporting Proposition 50 has raised $77 million, outpacing the $35 million raised by two campaign committees opposing the measure, according to reports filed with the Secretary of State’s office on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 50 would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12053201/california-voters-divided-on-newsoms-plan-to-redraw-congressional-districts\">redraw the state’s congressional map\u003c/a> to favor Democrats for the next three election cycles, replacing the current lines drawn by an independent commission. Newsom pushed the measure to combat Republican-led gerrymandering in states such as Texas, which redrew its lines with encouragement from President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the proposition has garnered national attention — and national money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest single donation supporting the map redraw came Sept. 18 in the form of a $10 million check from the Fund for Policy Reform, the political organization of New York hedge fund billionaire and longtime liberal donor George Soros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the opposing side, GOP philanthropist Charles Munger Jr. has poured in more than $30 million to defeat the measure.[aside postID=news_12057779 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2235142142-scaled.jpg']Unlike campaigns for individual candidates, groups supporting and opposing ballot measures can raise and spend unlimited sums of money. Ballot measure battles consistently drive up political ad spending in California — as does the cost of running ads in expensive markets such as Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Sept. 18, both sides had spent $24.2 million on TV ads, according to ad tracking firm AdImpact. The firm projects a total of $1.1 billion in political ad spending in California during the 2025–2026 election cycle, by far the most of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has recently featured at least one high-cost ballot proposition each cycle,” a recent AdImpact report noted. “In 2025, Governor Gavin Newsom’s redistricting proposal appears poised to take that spot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057843\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-2000x1333.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican Assemblymember James Gallagher speaks during a press conference ahead of a meeting of the California State Assembly at the California State Capitol on Aug. 21, 2025, in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s pro-Proposition 50 group received individual contributions from every state, suggesting nationwide grassroots interest in the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But powerful political groups have also lined up behind Newsom’s effort. The House Majority PAC, the super PAC supporting Democratic candidates for Congress, donated $7.6 million. The California Teachers Association pitched in $3 million and the state’s nurses union added $2.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those contributions have funded an ad campaign focused squarely on Trump, who remains unpopular in California. Newsom has argued that the map redraw is necessary to prevent Republicans from maintaining unified control in Washington after the 2026 elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent pro-Proposition 50 ads have featured leading Democrats such as Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Sens. Elizabeth Warren and Alex Padilla touting the measure as a key tool for fighting back against Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Republicans are running a bifurcated opposition campaign.[aside postID=news_12054630 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GavinNewsomAP.jpg']Munger’s large donations allowed his anti-Prop. 50 group to hit the airwaves first, with ads highlighting voter support for independent redistricting. Munger’s political committee reported spending $26.7 million of the roughly $30 million he donated — leaving about $3.5 million on hand. Munger was the leading proponent of two ballot measures California voters passed in 2008 and 2010 to hand line-drawing to a citizens commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Munger’s group focuses on good-government messaging, a separate political group has taken a more partisan stance. The committee, organized by Jessica Milan Patterson, the former chair of the California Republican Party, has labeled Proposition 50 “Gavin Newsom’s Power Grab” and plans to attack Democrats for their past opposition to independent redistricting, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/california-playbook/2025/09/22/the-plan-to-hit-pelosi-padilla-and-newsom-on-redistricting-00574612\">\u003cem>Politico\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the committee has reported just $5.2 million in donations — despite former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy, a Patterson ally, aiming to raise $100 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wild card in the ad war is Arnold Schwarzenegger, who partnered with Munger on the measure to create the independent redistricting commission in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former governor was front and center in an ad released by the Munger committee Tuesday, encouraging voters to oppose Proposition 50. Munger spokesperson Amy Thoma Tan said the campaign is spending about $1 million a day to place the spot on broadcast, cable and online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schwarzenegger wasn’t an active collaborator on the commercial. His comments were pulled from remarks he delivered at his policy institute at a University of Southern California forum last week. At the university’s request, the USC logo was scrubbed from the backdrop — replaced by AI-generated “No on 50” logos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican strategist Dave Gilliard said Schwarzenegger has unique appeal for California’s independent voters. But it remains to be seen whether the former governor will have further involvement in the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been very surprised that he has not been more out there campaigning on this,” Gilliard said. “He’s a good spokesman for the group of voters that aren’t aligned heavily as a partisan Democrat or a partisan Republican — he’s good with them and he’s still got some strong numbers with those particular voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The campaigns for and against Gov. Gavin Newsom’s controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/redistricting\">redistricting ballot measure\u003c/a> are raising millions to flood California’s airwaves ahead of the state’s Nov. 4 special election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Sept. 20, Newsom’s campaign supporting Proposition 50 has raised $77 million, outpacing the $35 million raised by two campaign committees opposing the measure, according to reports filed with the Secretary of State’s office on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 50 would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12053201/california-voters-divided-on-newsoms-plan-to-redraw-congressional-districts\">redraw the state’s congressional map\u003c/a> to favor Democrats for the next three election cycles, replacing the current lines drawn by an independent commission. Newsom pushed the measure to combat Republican-led gerrymandering in states such as Texas, which redrew its lines with encouragement from President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the proposition has garnered national attention — and national money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest single donation supporting the map redraw came Sept. 18 in the form of a $10 million check from the Fund for Policy Reform, the political organization of New York hedge fund billionaire and longtime liberal donor George Soros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the opposing side, GOP philanthropist Charles Munger Jr. has poured in more than $30 million to defeat the measure.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Unlike campaigns for individual candidates, groups supporting and opposing ballot measures can raise and spend unlimited sums of money. Ballot measure battles consistently drive up political ad spending in California — as does the cost of running ads in expensive markets such as Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Sept. 18, both sides had spent $24.2 million on TV ads, according to ad tracking firm AdImpact. The firm projects a total of $1.1 billion in political ad spending in California during the 2025–2026 election cycle, by far the most of any state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has recently featured at least one high-cost ballot proposition each cycle,” a recent AdImpact report noted. “In 2025, Governor Gavin Newsom’s redistricting proposal appears poised to take that spot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057843\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-2000x1333.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2231339599-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican Assemblymember James Gallagher speaks during a press conference ahead of a meeting of the California State Assembly at the California State Capitol on Aug. 21, 2025, in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s pro-Proposition 50 group received individual contributions from every state, suggesting nationwide grassroots interest in the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But powerful political groups have also lined up behind Newsom’s effort. The House Majority PAC, the super PAC supporting Democratic candidates for Congress, donated $7.6 million. The California Teachers Association pitched in $3 million and the state’s nurses union added $2.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those contributions have funded an ad campaign focused squarely on Trump, who remains unpopular in California. Newsom has argued that the map redraw is necessary to prevent Republicans from maintaining unified control in Washington after the 2026 elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent pro-Proposition 50 ads have featured leading Democrats such as Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Sens. Elizabeth Warren and Alex Padilla touting the measure as a key tool for fighting back against Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Republicans are running a bifurcated opposition campaign.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Munger’s large donations allowed his anti-Prop. 50 group to hit the airwaves first, with ads highlighting voter support for independent redistricting. Munger’s political committee reported spending $26.7 million of the roughly $30 million he donated — leaving about $3.5 million on hand. Munger was the leading proponent of two ballot measures California voters passed in 2008 and 2010 to hand line-drawing to a citizens commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Munger’s group focuses on good-government messaging, a separate political group has taken a more partisan stance. The committee, organized by Jessica Milan Patterson, the former chair of the California Republican Party, has labeled Proposition 50 “Gavin Newsom’s Power Grab” and plans to attack Democrats for their past opposition to independent redistricting, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/california-playbook/2025/09/22/the-plan-to-hit-pelosi-padilla-and-newsom-on-redistricting-00574612\">\u003cem>Politico\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the committee has reported just $5.2 million in donations — despite former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy, a Patterson ally, aiming to raise $100 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wild card in the ad war is Arnold Schwarzenegger, who partnered with Munger on the measure to create the independent redistricting commission in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former governor was front and center in an ad released by the Munger committee Tuesday, encouraging voters to oppose Proposition 50. Munger spokesperson Amy Thoma Tan said the campaign is spending about $1 million a day to place the spot on broadcast, cable and online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schwarzenegger wasn’t an active collaborator on the commercial. His comments were pulled from remarks he delivered at his policy institute at a University of Southern California forum last week. At the university’s request, the USC logo was scrubbed from the backdrop — replaced by AI-generated “No on 50” logos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican strategist Dave Gilliard said Schwarzenegger has unique appeal for California’s independent voters. But it remains to be seen whether the former governor will have further involvement in the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been very surprised that he has not been more out there campaigning on this,” Gilliard said. “He’s a good spokesman for the group of voters that aren’t aligned heavily as a partisan Democrat or a partisan Republican — he’s good with them and he’s still got some strong numbers with those particular voters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-bad-is-californias-housing-shortage-it-depends-on-whos-doing-the-counting",
"title": "How Bad Is California’s Housing Shortage? It Depends on Who’s Doing the Counting",
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"headTitle": "How Bad Is California’s Housing Shortage? It Depends on Who’s Doing the Counting | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine you’ve finally taken your car to the mechanic to investigate that mysterious warning light that’s been flashing on your dashboard for the past week and a half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mechanic informs you that your car’s brake fluid is too low. Dangerously low. Your brake fluid supply, he says, has reached “crisis” levels, which sounds both scary and very expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naturally, you would prefer that your car have a non-critical amount of brake fluid. “How much more do I need?” you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A quart,” the mechanic responds. “No, actually, three quarts. Or maybe seven gallons — but only routed to your rear brakes. Actually, let’s settle on half an ounce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such is the situation with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">California’s housing\u003c/a> shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nearly a decade now, the Legislature has been churning out bills, Attorney General Rob Bonta has been \u003ca href=\"https://voiceofoc.org/2025/09/huntington-beach-housing-penalty/\">filing lawsuits\u003c/a> and Gov. Gavin Newsom has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/07/california-construction-unions-housing-2/\">revamping agencies\u003c/a>, dashing off executive orders and \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/06/30/governor-newsom-signs-into-law-groundbreaking-reforms-to-build-more-housing-affordability/\">quoting Ezra Klein\u003c/a> with the explicit goal of easing the state’s chronic undersupply of places to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California simply doesn’t have enough housing and this shortage is the leading cause of our housing affordability concerns — virtually everyone in and around the state government, along with the vast \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10511482.2024.2418044\">majority of academics\u003c/a> who have studied the issue, seems now to agree on this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This consensus was on display this year when lawmakers passed two sweeping changes to state housing law, one that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/06/ceqa-urban-development-infill-budget/\">shields apartment developments\u003c/a> from environmental litigation and the other that would \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/09/neighborhood-transit-upzoning/\">permit denser development\u003c/a> near major public transit stops in big cities. Both were legislative non-starters just a few years ago. These days even the opponents of these bills have accepted the premise that the state faces a “housing shortage,” a term evoked \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/search?s=%22housing+shortage%22&variant=hearings&sort=latest&page=1\">at least 30 times\u003c/a> in committee hearings and floor speeches this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if only anyone could agree on how big the housing shortage actually is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=forum_2010101910955 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/08/housing.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of people have tried to put a number on the problem. In 2015, the \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2015/finance/housing-costs/housing-costs.aspx\">Legislative Analyst’s Office\u003c/a>, which serves as a policy analysis shop and think tank for the Legislature, took an early crack at quantifying the state’s shortage by calculating how many additional units major metro areas would have had to build over the prior three decades to keep housing cost inflation on par with that of the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It came up with 2.7 million missing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year later, consulting giant McKinsey one-upped the LAO, putting the state’s “housing shortfall” at \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/closing%20californias%20housing%20gap/closing-californias-housing-gap-full-report.pdf\">3.5 million houses\u003c/a>, apartments and condos, a number \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@GavinNewsom/the-california-dream-starts-at-home-9dbb38c51cae\">Newsom campaigned on\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all estimates hit seven digits. In 2024, the housing policy nonprofit Up For Growth published the more modest \u003ca href=\"https://upforgrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024_Housing-Underproduction-in-the-U.S.-Report_Final-c-1.pdf\">estimated shortfall\u003c/a> of 840,000 units, which comes pretty close to the 820,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.freddiemac.com/research/insight/20200227-the-housing-supply-shortage\">Freddie Mac\u003c/a> put forward a few years earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Housing Partnership, a nonprofit that advocates for affordable housing, has \u003ca href=\"https://chpc.net/housingneeds/\">counted the deficit\u003c/a> at 1.3 million units — but not just any units. That’s how many homes the state needs to add that are affordable to people making under a certain income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, this summer, a group of housing analysts including an economist at Moody’s Analytics, came up with the strikingly low figure of \u003ca href=\"https://www.economy.com/bringing-the-housing-shortage-into-sharper-focus\">just 56,000\u003c/a> — though the authors acknowledged that it’s probably an underestimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates of the nation’s overall housing supply are similarly all over the place: From as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/mckinsey%20institute%20for%20economic%20mobility/our%20insights/investing%20in%20housing%20unlocking%20economic%20mobility%20for%20black%20families%20and%20all%20americans/investing%20in%20housing%20unlocking%20economic%20mobility%20for%20black%20families%20and%20all%20americans%20full.pdf\">8.2 million\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://eyeonhousing.org/2022/12/the-size-of-the-housing-shortage-2021-data/\">1.5 million\u003c/a> (and, in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10511482.2024.2334011\">controversial paper\u003c/a>, zero).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What even is a housing shortage?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The concept of a “housing shortage” is, in theory, pretty simple, said Anjali Kolachalam, an analyst at Up For Growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically just the gap between the housing you have and the housing you need,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, defining and then setting out to quantify the “housing you need” is an exercise fraught with messy data, guestimation and an inconvenient need for judgement calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most estimates begin with a target vacancy rate. In any reasonably well-functioning housing market, the logic goes, some houses and apartments sit empty, either because they’re between renters, they’ve just been built or sold, they’re being fixed or renovated or they’re someone’s second home. A modest vacancy rate is what allows you to pull up Zillow or Craigslist and not get a “No Results Found” error. A very low one suggests there aren’t enough homes to go around.[aside postID=news_12057068 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250519-AffordableHousingFile-13-BL_qed.jpg']But choosing a “healthy” vacancy rate — one that reflects a functional housing market — and then backing out the number of additional homes needed to hit it, is more art than science. Most estimates turn to historical data to find some level when supply and demand weren’t completely out of whack. Whether that halcyon period of relative affordability is 2015 or 2006 or 2000 or 1980 varies by researcher and, likely, by the region being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, many researchers have tried to put a value on what is sometimes called “pent up” demand or “missing households.” Those are all the people who would have gone off and gotten their own apartment or bought their own place, but, because of the unavailability of affordable places to live, have opted to keep living with housemates, with parents or, in more extreme cases, without shelter of any kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absent a survey of every living person, there’s no way to precisely measure how many people fall into this camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This notion of ‘pent up demand’ is necessarily in an economist’s judgment call,” said Elena Patel, a fellow at the Brookings Institution who helped put together a nationwide shortage estimate last year (\u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/make-it-count-measuring-our-housing-supply-shortage/\">4.9 million\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These variations in methods help explain some of the differences in the shortage estimates. Other differences pop up thanks to the vagaries of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moody’s Analytics-led report, for example, calculated a national shortage of roughly 2 million units by adding together both the number of new units needed to raise the overall vacancy rate and the homes needed to backfill their measure of “pent up” demand. But for its California-specific estimate, the data wasn’t available to do the latter, potentially leaving out a big chunk of the statewide shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then some estimates differ because the analysts are defining the shortage in a completely different way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Housing Partnership looks at the difference between the number of households deemed by federal housing guidelines to have “very” or “extremely” low incomes and the number of units that those households could conceivably rent with less than 30% of their incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gap of 1.3 million gets at a problem totally distinct from an overall shortage of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, there’s the question of scale. Housing markets are, on the whole, local. A national shortage is going to add together San Francisco and Detroit, masking the extremes of both. A shortage estimate for a state as large and diverse as California may have the same problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is like looking for a weather forecast for a trip to the beach and being told that the average temperature nationwide is likely to be 67 degrees,” the authors of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.economy.com/bringing-the-housing-shortage-into-sharper-focus\">Moody’s-led analysis\u003c/a> wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why estimate a shortage?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What might be more valuable than fixating on any one shortage estimate, said Daniel McCue, a researcher at the Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies, is to look at all the estimates together and appreciate that, by and large, they’re all huge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s one-and-a-half million or five-and-a-half million, these are big numbers,” he said. That leads to an inescapable takeaway, he said. “There’s so much to do. There’s so far to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patel, from Brookings, said trying to put a precise tally on what is ultimately the somewhat nebulous concept of a “housing shortage” is still a worthwhile exercise because it gives lawmakers and planners a benchmark against which to measure progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much additional taxpayer money should a state throw at affordable housing development? How aggressive should a locality be in pursuing changes to local zoning? “The more concrete you can be in policy making land, the better,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California does in fact have its own set of concrete numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every eight years, the Department of Housing and Community Development issues planning goals to regions across the state — a number of additional homes, broken down by affordability level, that every municipality should plan for. These are, effectively, California government’s official estimates of the state shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To cobble together these numbers, state regulators look at projections of population growth to accommodate the need for future homes and then tack on adjustments to account for all the homes that weren’t built in prior periods, but perhaps ought to have been. If a region has an excess number of households deemed overcrowded, it gets more units. If vacancy rates are below a predetermined level, it gets more units. If there is a bevy of people spending more than 30% of their incomes on rent, more (affordable) units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a process that the state regulators have come to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/01/california-zoning/\">take somewhat more seriously\u003c/a> in recent years, engendering an ongoing political backlash from density-averse local governments and neighborhood activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the state’s last estimate, the topline total was 2.5 million units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This coming cycle, which has already begun in the rural north and will slowly roll out across the state in the coming years, will produce yet another number. That will be one more estimate for state lawmakers of how much brake fluid the car needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/09/california-housing-shortage/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Experts and policymakers agree that California doesn’t have enough housing and that this shortage is the leading cause of housing affordability concerns. But measuring the shortage is one of California’s most pressing policy problems.",
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"title": "How Bad Is California’s Housing Shortage? It Depends on Who’s Doing the Counting | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine you’ve finally taken your car to the mechanic to investigate that mysterious warning light that’s been flashing on your dashboard for the past week and a half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mechanic informs you that your car’s brake fluid is too low. Dangerously low. Your brake fluid supply, he says, has reached “crisis” levels, which sounds both scary and very expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naturally, you would prefer that your car have a non-critical amount of brake fluid. “How much more do I need?” you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A quart,” the mechanic responds. “No, actually, three quarts. Or maybe seven gallons — but only routed to your rear brakes. Actually, let’s settle on half an ounce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such is the situation with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">California’s housing\u003c/a> shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nearly a decade now, the Legislature has been churning out bills, Attorney General Rob Bonta has been \u003ca href=\"https://voiceofoc.org/2025/09/huntington-beach-housing-penalty/\">filing lawsuits\u003c/a> and Gov. Gavin Newsom has been \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/07/california-construction-unions-housing-2/\">revamping agencies\u003c/a>, dashing off executive orders and \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/06/30/governor-newsom-signs-into-law-groundbreaking-reforms-to-build-more-housing-affordability/\">quoting Ezra Klein\u003c/a> with the explicit goal of easing the state’s chronic undersupply of places to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California simply doesn’t have enough housing and this shortage is the leading cause of our housing affordability concerns — virtually everyone in and around the state government, along with the vast \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10511482.2024.2418044\">majority of academics\u003c/a> who have studied the issue, seems now to agree on this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This consensus was on display this year when lawmakers passed two sweeping changes to state housing law, one that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/06/ceqa-urban-development-infill-budget/\">shields apartment developments\u003c/a> from environmental litigation and the other that would \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/09/neighborhood-transit-upzoning/\">permit denser development\u003c/a> near major public transit stops in big cities. Both were legislative non-starters just a few years ago. These days even the opponents of these bills have accepted the premise that the state faces a “housing shortage,” a term evoked \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/search?s=%22housing+shortage%22&variant=hearings&sort=latest&page=1\">at least 30 times\u003c/a> in committee hearings and floor speeches this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if only anyone could agree on how big the housing shortage actually is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of people have tried to put a number on the problem. In 2015, the \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2015/finance/housing-costs/housing-costs.aspx\">Legislative Analyst’s Office\u003c/a>, which serves as a policy analysis shop and think tank for the Legislature, took an early crack at quantifying the state’s shortage by calculating how many additional units major metro areas would have had to build over the prior three decades to keep housing cost inflation on par with that of the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It came up with 2.7 million missing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year later, consulting giant McKinsey one-upped the LAO, putting the state’s “housing shortfall” at \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/closing%20californias%20housing%20gap/closing-californias-housing-gap-full-report.pdf\">3.5 million houses\u003c/a>, apartments and condos, a number \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@GavinNewsom/the-california-dream-starts-at-home-9dbb38c51cae\">Newsom campaigned on\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all estimates hit seven digits. In 2024, the housing policy nonprofit Up For Growth published the more modest \u003ca href=\"https://upforgrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024_Housing-Underproduction-in-the-U.S.-Report_Final-c-1.pdf\">estimated shortfall\u003c/a> of 840,000 units, which comes pretty close to the 820,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.freddiemac.com/research/insight/20200227-the-housing-supply-shortage\">Freddie Mac\u003c/a> put forward a few years earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Housing Partnership, a nonprofit that advocates for affordable housing, has \u003ca href=\"https://chpc.net/housingneeds/\">counted the deficit\u003c/a> at 1.3 million units — but not just any units. That’s how many homes the state needs to add that are affordable to people making under a certain income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, this summer, a group of housing analysts including an economist at Moody’s Analytics, came up with the strikingly low figure of \u003ca href=\"https://www.economy.com/bringing-the-housing-shortage-into-sharper-focus\">just 56,000\u003c/a> — though the authors acknowledged that it’s probably an underestimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates of the nation’s overall housing supply are similarly all over the place: From as high as \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/mckinsey%20institute%20for%20economic%20mobility/our%20insights/investing%20in%20housing%20unlocking%20economic%20mobility%20for%20black%20families%20and%20all%20americans/investing%20in%20housing%20unlocking%20economic%20mobility%20for%20black%20families%20and%20all%20americans%20full.pdf\">8.2 million\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://eyeonhousing.org/2022/12/the-size-of-the-housing-shortage-2021-data/\">1.5 million\u003c/a> (and, in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10511482.2024.2334011\">controversial paper\u003c/a>, zero).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What even is a housing shortage?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The concept of a “housing shortage” is, in theory, pretty simple, said Anjali Kolachalam, an analyst at Up For Growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically just the gap between the housing you have and the housing you need,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, defining and then setting out to quantify the “housing you need” is an exercise fraught with messy data, guestimation and an inconvenient need for judgement calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most estimates begin with a target vacancy rate. In any reasonably well-functioning housing market, the logic goes, some houses and apartments sit empty, either because they’re between renters, they’ve just been built or sold, they’re being fixed or renovated or they’re someone’s second home. A modest vacancy rate is what allows you to pull up Zillow or Craigslist and not get a “No Results Found” error. A very low one suggests there aren’t enough homes to go around.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But choosing a “healthy” vacancy rate — one that reflects a functional housing market — and then backing out the number of additional homes needed to hit it, is more art than science. Most estimates turn to historical data to find some level when supply and demand weren’t completely out of whack. Whether that halcyon period of relative affordability is 2015 or 2006 or 2000 or 1980 varies by researcher and, likely, by the region being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, many researchers have tried to put a value on what is sometimes called “pent up” demand or “missing households.” Those are all the people who would have gone off and gotten their own apartment or bought their own place, but, because of the unavailability of affordable places to live, have opted to keep living with housemates, with parents or, in more extreme cases, without shelter of any kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absent a survey of every living person, there’s no way to precisely measure how many people fall into this camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This notion of ‘pent up demand’ is necessarily in an economist’s judgment call,” said Elena Patel, a fellow at the Brookings Institution who helped put together a nationwide shortage estimate last year (\u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/make-it-count-measuring-our-housing-supply-shortage/\">4.9 million\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These variations in methods help explain some of the differences in the shortage estimates. Other differences pop up thanks to the vagaries of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moody’s Analytics-led report, for example, calculated a national shortage of roughly 2 million units by adding together both the number of new units needed to raise the overall vacancy rate and the homes needed to backfill their measure of “pent up” demand. But for its California-specific estimate, the data wasn’t available to do the latter, potentially leaving out a big chunk of the statewide shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then some estimates differ because the analysts are defining the shortage in a completely different way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Housing Partnership looks at the difference between the number of households deemed by federal housing guidelines to have “very” or “extremely” low incomes and the number of units that those households could conceivably rent with less than 30% of their incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gap of 1.3 million gets at a problem totally distinct from an overall shortage of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, there’s the question of scale. Housing markets are, on the whole, local. A national shortage is going to add together San Francisco and Detroit, masking the extremes of both. A shortage estimate for a state as large and diverse as California may have the same problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is like looking for a weather forecast for a trip to the beach and being told that the average temperature nationwide is likely to be 67 degrees,” the authors of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.economy.com/bringing-the-housing-shortage-into-sharper-focus\">Moody’s-led analysis\u003c/a> wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why estimate a shortage?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What might be more valuable than fixating on any one shortage estimate, said Daniel McCue, a researcher at the Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies, is to look at all the estimates together and appreciate that, by and large, they’re all huge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s one-and-a-half million or five-and-a-half million, these are big numbers,” he said. That leads to an inescapable takeaway, he said. “There’s so much to do. There’s so far to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patel, from Brookings, said trying to put a precise tally on what is ultimately the somewhat nebulous concept of a “housing shortage” is still a worthwhile exercise because it gives lawmakers and planners a benchmark against which to measure progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much additional taxpayer money should a state throw at affordable housing development? How aggressive should a locality be in pursuing changes to local zoning? “The more concrete you can be in policy making land, the better,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of California does in fact have its own set of concrete numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every eight years, the Department of Housing and Community Development issues planning goals to regions across the state — a number of additional homes, broken down by affordability level, that every municipality should plan for. These are, effectively, California government’s official estimates of the state shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To cobble together these numbers, state regulators look at projections of population growth to accommodate the need for future homes and then tack on adjustments to account for all the homes that weren’t built in prior periods, but perhaps ought to have been. If a region has an excess number of households deemed overcrowded, it gets more units. If vacancy rates are below a predetermined level, it gets more units. If there is a bevy of people spending more than 30% of their incomes on rent, more (affordable) units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a process that the state regulators have come to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/01/california-zoning/\">take somewhat more seriously\u003c/a> in recent years, engendering an ongoing political backlash from density-averse local governments and neighborhood activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the state’s last estimate, the topline total was 2.5 million units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This coming cycle, which has already begun in the rural north and will slowly roll out across the state in the coming years, will produce yet another number. That will be one more estimate for state lawmakers of how much brake fluid the car needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/09/california-housing-shortage/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>At least two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a> Starbucks locations are permanently closing, and more will be closed next week as the company undergoes nationwide restructuring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Jefferson Street store near Fisherman’s Wharf and an 18th Street store in the heart of the Castro both had identical posted signs Friday announcing their closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made the incredibly difficult decision to close this Starbucks location by the end of the week. We know this may be hard to hear,” the signs read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starbucks CEO \u003ca href=\"https://about.starbucks.com/press/2025/message-from-brian-an-important-update/\">Brian Niccol said Thursday\u003c/a> the company expects to end the fiscal year, which closes Sunday, with roughly 400 fewer stores in North America than it had at the end of June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We identified coffeehouses where we’re unable to create the physical environment our customers and partners expect, or where we don’t see a path to financial performance, and these locations will be closed,” Niccol wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057834\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1952px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057834\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1952\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg 1952w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed-1536x1049.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1952px) 100vw, 1952px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign is posted informing customers that this location will permanently close is posted at the Starbucks on 49 Jefferson St. in Fisherman’s Wharf on Sept. 26, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company has not released a list of closures, but an \u003ca href=\"https://www.starbucks.com/store-locator?map=37.740845,-122.43827,13z&place=18th%20St,%20San%20Francisco,%20CA,%20USA\">online store locator\u003c/a> shows over a dozen locations in the Bay Area set to be closed all next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, those include the Fisherman’s Wharf and Castro locations — the latter notable as the first unionized store in the city — as well as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>350 Rhode Island St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1501 Fillmore St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>462 Powell St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>689 Townsend St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>44 Montgomery St.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County locations listed as closed next week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>321 Gellert Blvd., Daly City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1391 Saratoga Dr., San Mateo\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>East Bay locations listed as closed next week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>200 Broadway, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3013 Broadway, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>470 Lake Park Ave., Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3839 Emery St., Emeryville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1799 Solano Ave., Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>41093 Fremont Blvd., Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>38012 Mission Blvd., Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>4251 Livermore Outlets Dr., Livermore\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>223 S. Vasco Rd., Livermore\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1900 Contra Costa Blvd., Pleasant Hill\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>398 Hartz Ave., Danville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>11000 Crow Canyon Rd., Danville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>799 A St., Hayward\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>6000 Bollinger Canyon Rd., San Ramon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1601 Mt. Diablo Blvd., Walnut Creek\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In the North Bay, \u003cem>The Press Democrat\u003c/em> reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/2025/09/26/starbucks-closures-which-locations-are-shutting-down-in-sonoma-and-napa/\">at least six planned closures\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>801 Gravenstein Highway, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2755 Yulupa Ave., Santa Rosa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>125 Petaluma Blvd. N., Petaluma\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3350 California Blvd., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1200 Lincoln Ave., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1340 Trancas St., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“This announcement makes it clear things are only going Backwards at Starbucks under Brian Niccol’s leadership,” Starbucks Workers United said in a statement. “Yet again, we’re experiencing new policies and major decisions being made with zero barista input.”[aside postID=news_12019704 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/121924_Amazon_Strike_SF-02-CM-copy-1020x680.jpg']The push to unionize Starbucks has surged in recent years. Baristas formed Starbucks Workers United in New York in December of 2021, and by the following May, California employees had organized four locations in a single week. Earlier this month, the union announced its 650th successful vote nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Starbucks spokesperson said unionized status was not considered when deciding which stores to close. Niccol said the company plans to offer transfers to employees at shuttered stores and severance packages for those who can’t be reassigned. Starbucks will also cut about 900 non-retail jobs and eliminate some open positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At least two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a> Starbucks locations are permanently closing, and more will be closed next week as the company undergoes nationwide restructuring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Jefferson Street store near Fisherman’s Wharf and an 18th Street store in the heart of the Castro both had identical posted signs Friday announcing their closures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made the incredibly difficult decision to close this Starbucks location by the end of the week. We know this may be hard to hear,” the signs read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starbucks CEO \u003ca href=\"https://about.starbucks.com/press/2025/message-from-brian-an-important-update/\">Brian Niccol said Thursday\u003c/a> the company expects to end the fiscal year, which closes Sunday, with roughly 400 fewer stores in North America than it had at the end of June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We identified coffeehouses where we’re unable to create the physical environment our customers and partners expect, or where we don’t see a path to financial performance, and these locations will be closed,” Niccol wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057834\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1952px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057834\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1952\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed.jpg 1952w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250926_StarbucksClosures_GC-1_qed-1536x1049.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1952px) 100vw, 1952px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign is posted informing customers that this location will permanently close is posted at the Starbucks on 49 Jefferson St. in Fisherman’s Wharf on Sept. 26, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company has not released a list of closures, but an \u003ca href=\"https://www.starbucks.com/store-locator?map=37.740845,-122.43827,13z&place=18th%20St,%20San%20Francisco,%20CA,%20USA\">online store locator\u003c/a> shows over a dozen locations in the Bay Area set to be closed all next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, those include the Fisherman’s Wharf and Castro locations — the latter notable as the first unionized store in the city — as well as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>350 Rhode Island St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1501 Fillmore St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>462 Powell St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>689 Townsend St.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>44 Montgomery St.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County locations listed as closed next week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>321 Gellert Blvd., Daly City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1391 Saratoga Dr., San Mateo\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>East Bay locations listed as closed next week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>200 Broadway, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3013 Broadway, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>470 Lake Park Ave., Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3839 Emery St., Emeryville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1799 Solano Ave., Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>41093 Fremont Blvd., Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>38012 Mission Blvd., Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>4251 Livermore Outlets Dr., Livermore\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>223 S. Vasco Rd., Livermore\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1900 Contra Costa Blvd., Pleasant Hill\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>398 Hartz Ave., Danville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>11000 Crow Canyon Rd., Danville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>799 A St., Hayward\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>6000 Bollinger Canyon Rd., San Ramon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1601 Mt. Diablo Blvd., Walnut Creek\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In the North Bay, \u003cem>The Press Democrat\u003c/em> reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/2025/09/26/starbucks-closures-which-locations-are-shutting-down-in-sonoma-and-napa/\">at least six planned closures\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>801 Gravenstein Highway, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2755 Yulupa Ave., Santa Rosa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>125 Petaluma Blvd. N., Petaluma\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>3350 California Blvd., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1200 Lincoln Ave., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1340 Trancas St., Napa\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“This announcement makes it clear things are only going Backwards at Starbucks under Brian Niccol’s leadership,” Starbucks Workers United said in a statement. “Yet again, we’re experiencing new policies and major decisions being made with zero barista input.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The push to unionize Starbucks has surged in recent years. Baristas formed Starbucks Workers United in New York in December of 2021, and by the following May, California employees had organized four locations in a single week. Earlier this month, the union announced its 650th successful vote nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Starbucks spokesperson said unionized status was not considered when deciding which stores to close. Niccol said the company plans to offer transfers to employees at shuttered stores and severance packages for those who can’t be reassigned. Starbucks will also cut about 900 non-retail jobs and eliminate some open positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "oakland-police-no-longer-need-supervisors-permission-for-high-speed-chases",
"title": "Oakland Police No Longer Need Supervisors’ Permission for High-Speed Chases",
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"headTitle": "Oakland Police No Longer Need Supervisors’ Permission for High-Speed Chases | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Oakland’s Police Commission is loosening restrictions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043904/oakland-watchdogs-say-chp-should-follow-opd-pursuit-policy-following-deadly-crash\">vehicle pursuits\u003c/a>, granting officers more leeway to chase suspects at high speeds despite safety concerns from residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The citizen-led commission voted unanimously Thursday evening to remove a special order that required \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland-police-department\">Oakland Police Department\u003c/a> officers to gain special permission to continue chases once speeds reach 50 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the policy, officers must notify a supervising officer immediately after beginning a chase and seek permission to continue. All chases remain limited to situations in which officers have a “reasonable suspicion” that a violent crime has occurred or a suspect has a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change comes after strong pressure from Police Chief Floyd Mitchell, who has been advocating for months to lift the restrictions put in place in 2022 after a series of deaths related to high-speed chases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the special order has hampered his department’s ability to prevent crime, citing a nearly 50% increase in 2023 in the number of suspects fleeing by car without being chased, and an even further increase in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12000600\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12000600\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Police Chief Floyd Mitchell (center) speaks at a news conference on Aug. 16, 2024. Mitchell has been advocating for months to lift the restrictions put in place in 2022 after a series of deaths related to high-speed chases. \u003ccite>(Brian Krans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom echoed Mitchell’s concerns, telling then-Mayor Sheng Thao, the City Council and the Police Commission \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/07/26/governor-newsom-urges-oakland-to-reconsider-policy-that-limits-police-pursuits/\">in a letter\u003c/a> that Oakland’s pursuit restrictions allowed criminals to flee “with impunity.” He urged the city to remove its special order, which was more restrictive than most California jurisdictions’ chase policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Newsom, California Highway Patrol officers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11993611/newsom-to-quadruple-chp-deployment-in-oakland-ramping-up-states-policing-role\">he sent to Oakland\u003c/a> that spring to counter rising crime, sideshows and carjackings had reported that criminals were avoiding arrest by fleeing via specific routes where they knew OPD would discontinue pursuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that while he understood the policy aimed to protect bystanders during a pursuit, “there is also extreme danger to the public in allowing criminals to act with impunity, and the reckless driving associated with sideshows and other criminal acts is a significant threat to public safety.”[aside postID=news_12043904 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/CHP-Getty-1020x680.jpg']In May, Mitchell submitted a request to rescind the special order and change some language in the city’s pursuit policy. In August, he amended the request, tightening some of the changed language specifying when an officer must report that they have begun a high-speed pursuit based on feedback from the city attorney’s office, Police Commission and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the revisions, many speakers at Thursday’s commission meeting urged the body not to loosen chase rules, saying it could increase the number of police chase-related deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current policy is restrictive, as it should be,” one man said during public comment, pointing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2024/police-chases-database/\">research conducted by the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that found more than 25% of those killed in pursuits across the U.S. were bystanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This doesn’t call in more justice; if anything it may lead to more grief,” he continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had previously worked with Marvin Boomer, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042539/after-fatal-chp-pursuit-crash-oakland-police-watchdog-says-systemic-changes-are-needed\">veteran Oakland teacher who was struck and killed\u003c/a> by a driver fleeing a police chase just days after Mitchell’s request in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boomer and his girlfriend \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042178/oakland-chp-pursuit-crash-kills-a-beloved-teacher-renewing-debate-over-police-chases\">were hit\u003c/a> while walking along a sidewalk in the Clinton-San Antonio neighborhood on May 28, after CHP officers chased 18-year-old Eric Scott Hernandez-Garcia, who was driving a vehicle they said was associated with a “felony evading incident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP officers, who aren’t bound by Oakland’s stricter regulations, first initiated and discontinued a short chase, then picked it back up at a second location after Hernandez-Garcia briefly exited the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seconds into the second chase, Hernandez-Garcia hit a minivan, causing minor injuries to its passengers, and the CHP again called off their pursuit. He continued to drive east, where he smashed into a fire hydrant and hit the couple on East 21st Street and 12th Avenue. Boomer was pronounced dead at the scene, and his girlfriend was taken to a hospital for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Cat Brooks, co-founder and executive director of the Anti-Police Terror Project, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043904/oakland-watchdogs-say-chp-should-follow-opd-pursuit-policy-following-deadly-crash'\">cautioned against loosening the OPD policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Police high-speed chases kill more people every year than tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and lightning combined,” she said. “They do not prevent crime. They do not solve crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Despite safety concerns from residents, the Oakland Police Commission voted unanimously to remove restrictions put in place after a series of deaths related to high-speed pursuits.\r\n",
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"title": "Oakland Police No Longer Need Supervisors’ Permission for High-Speed Chases | KQED",
"description": "Despite safety concerns from residents, the Oakland Police Commission voted unanimously to remove restrictions put in place after a series of deaths related to high-speed pursuits.\r\n",
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"headline": "Oakland Police No Longer Need Supervisors’ Permission for High-Speed Chases",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oakland’s Police Commission is loosening restrictions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043904/oakland-watchdogs-say-chp-should-follow-opd-pursuit-policy-following-deadly-crash\">vehicle pursuits\u003c/a>, granting officers more leeway to chase suspects at high speeds despite safety concerns from residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The citizen-led commission voted unanimously Thursday evening to remove a special order that required \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland-police-department\">Oakland Police Department\u003c/a> officers to gain special permission to continue chases once speeds reach 50 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the policy, officers must notify a supervising officer immediately after beginning a chase and seek permission to continue. All chases remain limited to situations in which officers have a “reasonable suspicion” that a violent crime has occurred or a suspect has a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change comes after strong pressure from Police Chief Floyd Mitchell, who has been advocating for months to lift the restrictions put in place in 2022 after a series of deaths related to high-speed chases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the special order has hampered his department’s ability to prevent crime, citing a nearly 50% increase in 2023 in the number of suspects fleeing by car without being chased, and an even further increase in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12000600\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12000600\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/IMG_0478-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Police Chief Floyd Mitchell (center) speaks at a news conference on Aug. 16, 2024. Mitchell has been advocating for months to lift the restrictions put in place in 2022 after a series of deaths related to high-speed chases. \u003ccite>(Brian Krans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom echoed Mitchell’s concerns, telling then-Mayor Sheng Thao, the City Council and the Police Commission \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/07/26/governor-newsom-urges-oakland-to-reconsider-policy-that-limits-police-pursuits/\">in a letter\u003c/a> that Oakland’s pursuit restrictions allowed criminals to flee “with impunity.” He urged the city to remove its special order, which was more restrictive than most California jurisdictions’ chase policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Newsom, California Highway Patrol officers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11993611/newsom-to-quadruple-chp-deployment-in-oakland-ramping-up-states-policing-role\">he sent to Oakland\u003c/a> that spring to counter rising crime, sideshows and carjackings had reported that criminals were avoiding arrest by fleeing via specific routes where they knew OPD would discontinue pursuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that while he understood the policy aimed to protect bystanders during a pursuit, “there is also extreme danger to the public in allowing criminals to act with impunity, and the reckless driving associated with sideshows and other criminal acts is a significant threat to public safety.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In May, Mitchell submitted a request to rescind the special order and change some language in the city’s pursuit policy. In August, he amended the request, tightening some of the changed language specifying when an officer must report that they have begun a high-speed pursuit based on feedback from the city attorney’s office, Police Commission and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the revisions, many speakers at Thursday’s commission meeting urged the body not to loosen chase rules, saying it could increase the number of police chase-related deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current policy is restrictive, as it should be,” one man said during public comment, pointing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2024/police-chases-database/\">research conducted by the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that found more than 25% of those killed in pursuits across the U.S. were bystanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This doesn’t call in more justice; if anything it may lead to more grief,” he continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had previously worked with Marvin Boomer, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042539/after-fatal-chp-pursuit-crash-oakland-police-watchdog-says-systemic-changes-are-needed\">veteran Oakland teacher who was struck and killed\u003c/a> by a driver fleeing a police chase just days after Mitchell’s request in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boomer and his girlfriend \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042178/oakland-chp-pursuit-crash-kills-a-beloved-teacher-renewing-debate-over-police-chases\">were hit\u003c/a> while walking along a sidewalk in the Clinton-San Antonio neighborhood on May 28, after CHP officers chased 18-year-old Eric Scott Hernandez-Garcia, who was driving a vehicle they said was associated with a “felony evading incident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP officers, who aren’t bound by Oakland’s stricter regulations, first initiated and discontinued a short chase, then picked it back up at a second location after Hernandez-Garcia briefly exited the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seconds into the second chase, Hernandez-Garcia hit a minivan, causing minor injuries to its passengers, and the CHP again called off their pursuit. He continued to drive east, where he smashed into a fire hydrant and hit the couple on East 21st Street and 12th Avenue. Boomer was pronounced dead at the scene, and his girlfriend was taken to a hospital for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Cat Brooks, co-founder and executive director of the Anti-Police Terror Project, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043904/oakland-watchdogs-say-chp-should-follow-opd-pursuit-policy-following-deadly-crash'\">cautioned against loosening the OPD policy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Police high-speed chases kill more people every year than tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and lightning combined,” she said. “They do not prevent crime. They do not solve crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "h1b-visa-executive-order-trump-green-card-citizenship-september-19",
"title": "‘A Big Shock’: How Trump’s $100,000 H-1B Executive Order Unfolded — and What Might Be Next",
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"headTitle": "‘A Big Shock’: How Trump’s $100,000 H-1B Executive Order Unfolded — and What Might Be Next | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Sept. 19, panic struck an evening Emirates flight on the runway at SFO International Airport that was about to depart for India — as news spread in the cabin of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">President Donald Trump’s executive order concerning H-1B visas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-h-1b-visa-fee-silicon-valley-tech-hiring-2025-9\">Business Insider\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/fl360aero/status/1969474540674720093?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">passengers began to stand up\u003c/a> and leave the plane after receiving alerts and calls on their phones. Zarna Joshi, a U.S. citizen on the flight, said passengers had “already been onboard for two hours, and there were no updates — just more people leaving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">Trump’s executive order \u003c/a>had demanded companies pay $100,000 to supplement a single H-1B visa — a type of temporary visa category that allows employers to hire foreign workers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">“specialty occupations”\u003c/a> that usually require at least a bachelor’s degree. Previously, companies usually paid around \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/trump-100000-fee-h1b-visa/\">$2,000 to $5,000\u003c/a> per H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Microsoft began \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/read-memos-sent-big-tech-trump-h-1b-changes-2025-9\">sending urgent memos to their employees\u003c/a>, recommending H-1B visa holders cancel any upcoming international travel and remain in the United States, or return immediately if they were currently abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a day for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/20/nx-s1-5548568/h1b-visa-fee-trump-tech\">the White House to clarify\u003c/a> that the $100,000 fee only applied to new visas, and would not actually affect current visa holders or renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confusion, concern and $100,000\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House claimed the measures would address what it called a “large-scale replacement of American workers through systemic abuse” of the H-1B program, which “has undermined both our economic and national security.” Many economists have historically pushed back on this claim, emphasizing that visa restrictions actually encourage companies to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">expand operations\u003c/a> in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Trump’s order is another part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">anti-immigration policies\u003c/a> enacted since his inauguration in January.[aside postID=news_12057638 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/AP25069706250720-1020x680.jpg']The H-1B visa system is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boundless.com/immigration-resources/the-h-1b-visa-explained/\">notoriously difficult\u003c/a> for applicants to navigate. There is also a limit to the number of visas given out in a year, resulting in long waits and a major backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The executive order has already had a major impact in California, a state with the most visa approvals at nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">62,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year. According to the \u003cem>Wall Street Journal, \u003c/em>nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">two-thirds of visa holders\u003c/a> work in tech companies like Amazon and Google — with Amazon alone approving over \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">10,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A vast majority of visa holders also come from India. In 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">71% of approved H-1B visa petitions\u003c/a> were for people born in India. In comparison, people from China made up almost 12% of approved applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how communities in the Bay are reacting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">KQED \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> spoke with lawyer Emily Neumann and journalists Pranav Dixit and Tanay Gokhale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The scale and scope of the H-1B program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Neumann:\u003c/strong> We’re talking about 85,000 visas per year. Every year, that’s the cap: We have 65,000 for regular or bachelor’s degree holders and an extra 20,000 for master’s degree holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we do have a larger population than that, because these visas are granted for three-year increments and can be extended for a total of six years. So we have six years’ worth of people in the country on this visa.[aside postID=news_12057368 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS24077_Courthouse-closeup-qut-1180x664.jpg']On top of that, because of green card problems [and] backlogs, because there’s a \u003cem>per-country\u003c/em> cap, we have certain countries where H-1B holders can extend beyond that six-year limit because they’re waiting for their green card. And that is a very large population. There are hundreds of thousands of people in that situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where it seems like there are so many H-1B holders out there, even though we only give out 85,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pranav Dixit:\u003c/strong> There are certain rules that even the H-1Bs are subject to. It’s not just “hire whoever you want on an H-1B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B workers still have to be paid what is known as a prevailing wage. They can’t be paid way less than anybody else in that field makes. So there are already checks and balances in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The central argument that tech companies have always made is: “This kind of visa gives us the freedom to hire for roles that we just cannot find American workers for.” Some of that has been challenged in the last couple of years with the thousands of layoffs across the tech industry. There are certainly lots of Americans who are out of jobs in the tech industry. But [there] has always been the central argument that these visas are used to fill roles that there’s just not enough STEM talent in this country for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanay Gokhale\u003c/strong>: There \u003cem>are \u003c/em>legitimate problems with the H-1B visa system: the way the lottery is run, the way outsourcing has become a bigger problem over the past few years. In fact, before the current administration’s attack on H-1B started, Bernie Sanders wrote about it in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/sensanders/status/1874918027982172626?s=46\">a Senate report\u003c/a> in February, speaking about the same issues that the current administration is speaking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H-1B visa issued Nov. 30, 2010. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the flip side … if there really is a shortage of domestic workers — and I’ve been hearing that in some cases there is — [it’s] really a sort of supply issue. [If] tomorrow, you just cut off all foreign workers [from] being able to work in these tech companies, these companies will have a hard time. It is really a bigger issue for firms that do not have the resources of the really big tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I understand that there are legitimate concerns. But the sheer volume of workers that are staffing firms in the US, the volume of foreign workers … it just demands a little more thought and a little bit more concerted policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the H-1B executive order unfolded\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> It definitely came as a big shock, right when everyone was trying to wrap up their week and get ready for the weekend. I think the initial chaos stemmed from the way the proclamation was written originally. Everyone felt that even current visa holders might be banned from reentry unless their employers paid $100,000. It was effectively a travel ban for anybody on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/white-house-clarifies-100k-h-1b-visa-fee-wont-apply-to-existing-holders-as-trump-stirs-anxiety\">Within a day\u003c/a>, the White House clarified that the fee doesn’t apply to anyone with an existing visa or anybody who’s renewing a visa, and then things calmed down a little.[aside postID=news_12055606 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/USImmigrationCustomsEnforcementHQGetty.jpg']\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The first email I got was from an HR director saying, “Hey, our CEO is hearing something about a $100,000 fee. How is this going to impact us? Is this true?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so then we’re scrambling to find out what is going to be in this executive order. We’re listening live, as he’s signing this order, and we have someone saying that this is going to apply to everyone, every H-1B, every year. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>a few minutes later, we get the actual text of it, which sounds quite different, but also sounds like it applies to everyone. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we start getting these clarifications, coming on Twitter of all places, rather than anything official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we have three different agencies posting fact sheets and FAQs, and still we have questions. But at least we know: People who are outside the U.S. could still travel back in. And those that were in the U.S., leaving, were still safe to go out and come back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my mind, what [Trump’s] done just now is just the beginning. This is not the only restriction they have planned. We’ve got more coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley’s reaction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I thought that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">Reed Hastings’ comment\u003c/a> was really interesting, but I feel like he may also have been a bit of an outlier. [The Netflix chairman and co-founder called the $100,000 fee \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">“a great solution”\u003c/a> and said that H-1B will be “used just for very high value jobs.”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are central to the way that most tech companies have hired international workers for more than three decades at this point, for roles that they say they just can’t fill with American workers alone.[aside postID=news_12056762 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg']Most H-1B visas are used by the big tech companies: the Microsofts, the Googles, the Apples, and the Amazons. But also a large chunk of them go to the IT consulting and outsourcing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of sentiment in the Valley that, “Hey, there are genuine problems with this program right now.” But in the long term, if this fee sticks, it is going to impact the ability of almost everyone to hire for roles that they may not find American workers for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The companies I work with constantly talk about how we have these positions that are going unfilled. Not necessarily the big tech companies, but small, mid-sized companies. They do hire engineers, not just in tech, and all the time we hear about, “We can’t find someone to do this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process itself, the fact that we’re choosing people based on a lottery … because we have these caps that were set before the internet even existed. We also have this green card backlog that impacts the H-1B, because people are stuck on an H-1B for years and years and years based on their country of birth. There are a lot of problems with the program, but I think companies are not happy about this $100,000 fee for sure. I don’t know of any company I’ve come across that is willing to pay it. I think they will hopefully be looking for an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, they will look at only sponsoring individuals who are in the U.S., who we think would not be subject to this fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The H-1B impact on health care in the US — and who might be exempt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trumps-h-1b-visa-fee-increase-raises-us-doctor-shortage-concerns-2025-09-24/\">Universities, hospitals, medical facilities tend to sponsor people\u003c/a> who are outside the U.S. Because most of these are cap-exempt institutions, they can file all year round. They don’t have to worry about this lottery in March and filing in April. And so they do bring a lot of people in [who] are outside the country.[aside postID=news_12055552 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/kvcr-mental-health-68c2d0da5f736.jpg']This $100,000 fee applies to \u003cem>any \u003c/em>petition being filed for someone who’s outside the county. The only filings happening right now are going to be these cap-exempt institutions. Which are for our doctors, for our nurses, for our researchers. So it’s really shooting us in the foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I did hear about an exemption for people like doctors. I think this stuff is changing so rapidly at this point that it’s really hard to tell. I think it’s a wait-and-watch at this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The Secretary of Homeland Security will get to decide whether an individual is going to be in the national interest, or a particular company, or a particular industry. We have zero information on what factors they will consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a little bit of prior experience with these national interest exemptions from the previous travel ban, but we don’t know if they’re going to be the same. We don’t know if maybe the companies that are liking this provision have already been told behind the scenes that they’re going to get an exemption. We don’t know what the factors are going to be, and there’s no guidance yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legalities — and possible long-term impacts — of the executive order\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> [Trump’s] authority comes from \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/understanding-ina-section-212f-president-authority-suspend-entry-migrants/\">the Immigration and Nationality Act, Section 212F\u003c/a>. That’s an entry ban. He can block anyone from entering if he feels it’s in the national interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does \u003cem>not \u003c/em>have the ability to impose a $100,000 fee. Fees are set by Congress. And they can be adjusted based on inflation through the regulatory process, but it’s not something the president can unilaterally impose. There’s going to be litigation on that for sure.[aside postID=news_12057569 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/healthcare-68d54870be6a1.jpg']We’re also going to have to see how these exemptions work. If they allow for a lot of exemptions where this isn’t that big of an issue for most U.S. companies, it might be workable. But it definitely impacts the overall path for people who are currently in the U.S., as well as those who might be considering the U.S. as a destination. We saw, during the previous Trump administration, that people were looking to Canada, looking to other countries to make their home because of such uncertainty with the H-1B and the path to the green card. So I think we’re going to see that again, we’re going to start losing talent if we continue these types of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I think people who would have looked at immigrating as a complete no-brainer are increasingly rethinking that decision. They’re increasingly choosing to spend their lives in Canada or Mexico or India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies are responding to that. We’ve seen lots of offshoring to these countries in the last few years. I remember it was 2023, when Canada opened a special visa for 10,000 U.S. H-1B workers, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx27lj39e99o\">it filled up in [24] hours\u003c/a>. People are increasingly getting tired of the constant instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this sticks — and I think there is a big “if” [around] this $100,000 fee, with litigation and everything — I think companies are going to rethink hiring in the U.S. More than hiring locally, it’s going to lead to an offshoring of jobs to Canada, Mexico, India and maybe other places around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The effect on Bay Area communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gokhale: \u003c/strong>In the short term, there was obviously panic among visa holders who are outside the country or planning to travel outside the country. And even after the clarification — though there was some amount of relief that “we are not in immediate danger” — the big emotion that has emerged from this is uncertainty and confusion among international workers, [and also] international students, many of whom hope to apply next year for the H-1B.[aside postID=news_12057384 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00805_TV-KQED.jpg']There is definitely concern about, “Even if they haven’t come for us right now, will they eventually come for us in the next few months, in the next year?” It’s thrown a lot of things into a tailspin for a lot of people who have planned to live their life here, to set up a family, to set up a career in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve had conversations in the past few days that signaled to me that there’s a sense of disillusionment with the “H-1B, green card, citizenship” pipeline of the American dream. There just seems to be a massive reevaluation of whether the United States is still a good option to invest your future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I definitely see a lot of anti-Indian hate in general on social media. Reddit, Instagram, TikTok, any social media channel of your choice. There’s a lot of new, sometimes really wild, disturbing stuff coming out about Indians, Indian stereotypes — which I thought were on the way out — are suddenly making a resurgence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve personally covered hate crimes where there’s some \u003ca href=\"https://indiacurrents.com/ca-v-hate-crime-racism-islamophobia-homphobia/\">pretty graphic anti-H-1B graffiti on a public park bathroom\u003c/a>, which is something that I think can only happen in Silicon Valley or in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think the U.S. is the only place where this is happening. We’re seeing an anti-immigrant sort of sentiment in Australia, specifically targeted toward South Asians, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/northern-ireland/2025/06/irelands-anti-immigrant-rage-will-not-go-away\">Ireland\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2024-12-12/housing-crisis-economic-woes-and-trump-how-canada-turned-against-immigrants\">Canada\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a global trend that we’re seeing: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/27/anti-immigration-mood-sweeping-eu-capitals-puts-strain-on-blocs-unity\">anti-immigrant sentiment\u003c/a> in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Sept. 19, panic struck an evening Emirates flight on the runway at SFO International Airport that was about to depart for India — as news spread in the cabin of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">President Donald Trump’s executive order concerning H-1B visas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-h-1b-visa-fee-silicon-valley-tech-hiring-2025-9\">Business Insider\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/fl360aero/status/1969474540674720093?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">passengers began to stand up\u003c/a> and leave the plane after receiving alerts and calls on their phones. Zarna Joshi, a U.S. citizen on the flight, said passengers had “already been onboard for two hours, and there were no updates — just more people leaving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">Trump’s executive order \u003c/a>had demanded companies pay $100,000 to supplement a single H-1B visa — a type of temporary visa category that allows employers to hire foreign workers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">“specialty occupations”\u003c/a> that usually require at least a bachelor’s degree. Previously, companies usually paid around \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/trump-100000-fee-h1b-visa/\">$2,000 to $5,000\u003c/a> per H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Microsoft began \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/read-memos-sent-big-tech-trump-h-1b-changes-2025-9\">sending urgent memos to their employees\u003c/a>, recommending H-1B visa holders cancel any upcoming international travel and remain in the United States, or return immediately if they were currently abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a day for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/20/nx-s1-5548568/h1b-visa-fee-trump-tech\">the White House to clarify\u003c/a> that the $100,000 fee only applied to new visas, and would not actually affect current visa holders or renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confusion, concern and $100,000\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House claimed the measures would address what it called a “large-scale replacement of American workers through systemic abuse” of the H-1B program, which “has undermined both our economic and national security.” Many economists have historically pushed back on this claim, emphasizing that visa restrictions actually encourage companies to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">expand operations\u003c/a> in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Trump’s order is another part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">anti-immigration policies\u003c/a> enacted since his inauguration in January.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The H-1B visa system is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boundless.com/immigration-resources/the-h-1b-visa-explained/\">notoriously difficult\u003c/a> for applicants to navigate. There is also a limit to the number of visas given out in a year, resulting in long waits and a major backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The executive order has already had a major impact in California, a state with the most visa approvals at nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">62,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year. According to the \u003cem>Wall Street Journal, \u003c/em>nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">two-thirds of visa holders\u003c/a> work in tech companies like Amazon and Google — with Amazon alone approving over \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">10,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A vast majority of visa holders also come from India. In 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">71% of approved H-1B visa petitions\u003c/a> were for people born in India. In comparison, people from China made up almost 12% of approved applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how communities in the Bay are reacting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">KQED \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> spoke with lawyer Emily Neumann and journalists Pranav Dixit and Tanay Gokhale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The scale and scope of the H-1B program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Neumann:\u003c/strong> We’re talking about 85,000 visas per year. Every year, that’s the cap: We have 65,000 for regular or bachelor’s degree holders and an extra 20,000 for master’s degree holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we do have a larger population than that, because these visas are granted for three-year increments and can be extended for a total of six years. So we have six years’ worth of people in the country on this visa.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On top of that, because of green card problems [and] backlogs, because there’s a \u003cem>per-country\u003c/em> cap, we have certain countries where H-1B holders can extend beyond that six-year limit because they’re waiting for their green card. And that is a very large population. There are hundreds of thousands of people in that situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where it seems like there are so many H-1B holders out there, even though we only give out 85,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pranav Dixit:\u003c/strong> There are certain rules that even the H-1Bs are subject to. It’s not just “hire whoever you want on an H-1B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B workers still have to be paid what is known as a prevailing wage. They can’t be paid way less than anybody else in that field makes. So there are already checks and balances in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The central argument that tech companies have always made is: “This kind of visa gives us the freedom to hire for roles that we just cannot find American workers for.” Some of that has been challenged in the last couple of years with the thousands of layoffs across the tech industry. There are certainly lots of Americans who are out of jobs in the tech industry. But [there] has always been the central argument that these visas are used to fill roles that there’s just not enough STEM talent in this country for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanay Gokhale\u003c/strong>: There \u003cem>are \u003c/em>legitimate problems with the H-1B visa system: the way the lottery is run, the way outsourcing has become a bigger problem over the past few years. In fact, before the current administration’s attack on H-1B started, Bernie Sanders wrote about it in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/sensanders/status/1874918027982172626?s=46\">a Senate report\u003c/a> in February, speaking about the same issues that the current administration is speaking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H-1B visa issued Nov. 30, 2010. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the flip side … if there really is a shortage of domestic workers — and I’ve been hearing that in some cases there is — [it’s] really a sort of supply issue. [If] tomorrow, you just cut off all foreign workers [from] being able to work in these tech companies, these companies will have a hard time. It is really a bigger issue for firms that do not have the resources of the really big tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I understand that there are legitimate concerns. But the sheer volume of workers that are staffing firms in the US, the volume of foreign workers … it just demands a little more thought and a little bit more concerted policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the H-1B executive order unfolded\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> It definitely came as a big shock, right when everyone was trying to wrap up their week and get ready for the weekend. I think the initial chaos stemmed from the way the proclamation was written originally. Everyone felt that even current visa holders might be banned from reentry unless their employers paid $100,000. It was effectively a travel ban for anybody on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/white-house-clarifies-100k-h-1b-visa-fee-wont-apply-to-existing-holders-as-trump-stirs-anxiety\">Within a day\u003c/a>, the White House clarified that the fee doesn’t apply to anyone with an existing visa or anybody who’s renewing a visa, and then things calmed down a little.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The first email I got was from an HR director saying, “Hey, our CEO is hearing something about a $100,000 fee. How is this going to impact us? Is this true?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so then we’re scrambling to find out what is going to be in this executive order. We’re listening live, as he’s signing this order, and we have someone saying that this is going to apply to everyone, every H-1B, every year. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>a few minutes later, we get the actual text of it, which sounds quite different, but also sounds like it applies to everyone. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we start getting these clarifications, coming on Twitter of all places, rather than anything official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we have three different agencies posting fact sheets and FAQs, and still we have questions. But at least we know: People who are outside the U.S. could still travel back in. And those that were in the U.S., leaving, were still safe to go out and come back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my mind, what [Trump’s] done just now is just the beginning. This is not the only restriction they have planned. We’ve got more coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley’s reaction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I thought that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">Reed Hastings’ comment\u003c/a> was really interesting, but I feel like he may also have been a bit of an outlier. [The Netflix chairman and co-founder called the $100,000 fee \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">“a great solution”\u003c/a> and said that H-1B will be “used just for very high value jobs.”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are central to the way that most tech companies have hired international workers for more than three decades at this point, for roles that they say they just can’t fill with American workers alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Most H-1B visas are used by the big tech companies: the Microsofts, the Googles, the Apples, and the Amazons. But also a large chunk of them go to the IT consulting and outsourcing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of sentiment in the Valley that, “Hey, there are genuine problems with this program right now.” But in the long term, if this fee sticks, it is going to impact the ability of almost everyone to hire for roles that they may not find American workers for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The companies I work with constantly talk about how we have these positions that are going unfilled. Not necessarily the big tech companies, but small, mid-sized companies. They do hire engineers, not just in tech, and all the time we hear about, “We can’t find someone to do this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process itself, the fact that we’re choosing people based on a lottery … because we have these caps that were set before the internet even existed. We also have this green card backlog that impacts the H-1B, because people are stuck on an H-1B for years and years and years based on their country of birth. There are a lot of problems with the program, but I think companies are not happy about this $100,000 fee for sure. I don’t know of any company I’ve come across that is willing to pay it. I think they will hopefully be looking for an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, they will look at only sponsoring individuals who are in the U.S., who we think would not be subject to this fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The H-1B impact on health care in the US — and who might be exempt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trumps-h-1b-visa-fee-increase-raises-us-doctor-shortage-concerns-2025-09-24/\">Universities, hospitals, medical facilities tend to sponsor people\u003c/a> who are outside the U.S. Because most of these are cap-exempt institutions, they can file all year round. They don’t have to worry about this lottery in March and filing in April. And so they do bring a lot of people in [who] are outside the country.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This $100,000 fee applies to \u003cem>any \u003c/em>petition being filed for someone who’s outside the county. The only filings happening right now are going to be these cap-exempt institutions. Which are for our doctors, for our nurses, for our researchers. So it’s really shooting us in the foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I did hear about an exemption for people like doctors. I think this stuff is changing so rapidly at this point that it’s really hard to tell. I think it’s a wait-and-watch at this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The Secretary of Homeland Security will get to decide whether an individual is going to be in the national interest, or a particular company, or a particular industry. We have zero information on what factors they will consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a little bit of prior experience with these national interest exemptions from the previous travel ban, but we don’t know if they’re going to be the same. We don’t know if maybe the companies that are liking this provision have already been told behind the scenes that they’re going to get an exemption. We don’t know what the factors are going to be, and there’s no guidance yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legalities — and possible long-term impacts — of the executive order\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> [Trump’s] authority comes from \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/understanding-ina-section-212f-president-authority-suspend-entry-migrants/\">the Immigration and Nationality Act, Section 212F\u003c/a>. That’s an entry ban. He can block anyone from entering if he feels it’s in the national interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does \u003cem>not \u003c/em>have the ability to impose a $100,000 fee. Fees are set by Congress. And they can be adjusted based on inflation through the regulatory process, but it’s not something the president can unilaterally impose. There’s going to be litigation on that for sure.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>We’re also going to have to see how these exemptions work. If they allow for a lot of exemptions where this isn’t that big of an issue for most U.S. companies, it might be workable. But it definitely impacts the overall path for people who are currently in the U.S., as well as those who might be considering the U.S. as a destination. We saw, during the previous Trump administration, that people were looking to Canada, looking to other countries to make their home because of such uncertainty with the H-1B and the path to the green card. So I think we’re going to see that again, we’re going to start losing talent if we continue these types of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I think people who would have looked at immigrating as a complete no-brainer are increasingly rethinking that decision. They’re increasingly choosing to spend their lives in Canada or Mexico or India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies are responding to that. We’ve seen lots of offshoring to these countries in the last few years. I remember it was 2023, when Canada opened a special visa for 10,000 U.S. H-1B workers, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx27lj39e99o\">it filled up in [24] hours\u003c/a>. People are increasingly getting tired of the constant instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this sticks — and I think there is a big “if” [around] this $100,000 fee, with litigation and everything — I think companies are going to rethink hiring in the U.S. More than hiring locally, it’s going to lead to an offshoring of jobs to Canada, Mexico, India and maybe other places around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The effect on Bay Area communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gokhale: \u003c/strong>In the short term, there was obviously panic among visa holders who are outside the country or planning to travel outside the country. And even after the clarification — though there was some amount of relief that “we are not in immediate danger” — the big emotion that has emerged from this is uncertainty and confusion among international workers, [and also] international students, many of whom hope to apply next year for the H-1B.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There is definitely concern about, “Even if they haven’t come for us right now, will they eventually come for us in the next few months, in the next year?” It’s thrown a lot of things into a tailspin for a lot of people who have planned to live their life here, to set up a family, to set up a career in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve had conversations in the past few days that signaled to me that there’s a sense of disillusionment with the “H-1B, green card, citizenship” pipeline of the American dream. There just seems to be a massive reevaluation of whether the United States is still a good option to invest your future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I definitely see a lot of anti-Indian hate in general on social media. Reddit, Instagram, TikTok, any social media channel of your choice. There’s a lot of new, sometimes really wild, disturbing stuff coming out about Indians, Indian stereotypes — which I thought were on the way out — are suddenly making a resurgence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve personally covered hate crimes where there’s some \u003ca href=\"https://indiacurrents.com/ca-v-hate-crime-racism-islamophobia-homphobia/\">pretty graphic anti-H-1B graffiti on a public park bathroom\u003c/a>, which is something that I think can only happen in Silicon Valley or in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think the U.S. is the only place where this is happening. We’re seeing an anti-immigrant sort of sentiment in Australia, specifically targeted toward South Asians, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/northern-ireland/2025/06/irelands-anti-immigrant-rage-will-not-go-away\">Ireland\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2024-12-12/housing-crisis-economic-woes-and-trump-how-canada-turned-against-immigrants\">Canada\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a global trend that we’re seeing: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/27/anti-immigration-mood-sweeping-eu-capitals-puts-strain-on-blocs-unity\">anti-immigrant sentiment\u003c/a> in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "marin-moves-forward-with-ban-on-some-e-bikes-for-youth-as-research-into-safety-continues",
"title": "Speed Hacks and Safety Fears: Marin Cracks Down on Kids’ E-Bikes",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent sunny afternoon, Dylan Nussbaum and his friends cruised over to a shopping center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mill-valley\">in Mill Valley\u003c/a>, where the parking lot serves as a makeshift bike park. The kids popped wheelies — making the most, as generations of pre-teens before them, of summer weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started biking a lot more when I got here. It’s a fun way to get around faster,” said Nussbaum, 12, riding a traditional mountain bike, while some of his friends rode electric bicycles, or e-bikes, which had thick tires, wide seats and battery-powered motors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nussbaum, whose family moved from Oakland to Mill Valley at the start of his fifth-grade year, noticed that getting around on two wheels is a huge part of the culture, even among his peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County is considered the birthplace of modern mountain biking. He said his former school, Mill Valley Middle, was full of shiny new e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[In] sixth grade, I remember right after Christmas, there were so many more,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like some adults who customize their cars, many of his middle school peers learned to trick out their e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051116\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An e-bike parked in Mill Valley on July 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I jail-broke my Sur-ron. It’s called ‘mudding’ it,” one of Nussbaum’s friends said, referring to overriding the speed limiter on e-bikes to reach speeds of 40 to 50 mph — far above the legal limit in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another kid, sitting atop an e-dirt bike, told me it’s capable of going 55 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ The cops used to not care, but they’re enforcing the law now,” he said. “So I just avoid main roads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nussbaum wants an e-bike, too. But his parents, worried about his safety, are reluctant to buy him one. As kids head back to school in the Bay Area, more of them are riding e-bikes, which have become \u003ca href=\"https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/us-e-bike-market-report\">more accessible\u003c/a> in recent years. But Marin County policymakers have been trying to sound the alarm about one downside to this growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the county’s Department of Health and Human Services, \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/bicycle-safety\">serious accidents\u003c/a> associated with e-bikes, particularly among 10- to 15-year-olds, have been on the rise for years, so the county began closely tracking the problem in 2023.[aside postID=news_12049286 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/GettyImages-947735006-1020x682.jpg']In response, the county has enacted a pilot program that bans anyone under 16 years old from riding Class II e-bikes, which, in California, are classified as having a motor that boosts riders up to speeds of 20 mph and can be operated using a throttle or pedal-assist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids found in violation can expect a $25 ticket. Several school districts in the area have also moved to prohibit kids under 16 from parking Class II e-bikes on school property, implementing registration programs for the bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local police officers will enforce the law as a secondary infraction, meaning children will not be stopped based on their perceived age, according to Talia Smith, the director of legislative and intergovernmental affairs for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot also mandates that anyone, regardless of age, wear a helmet on a Class II e-bike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county law, which went into effect in June, applies only to unincorporated areas, copycat ordinances are already in effect in the majority of Marin’s towns, as well. Novato’s ordinance will go into effect on Friday. Ross and San Rafael are expected to have theirs in effect by mid-October, at which point the ban will reach the entire county. Municipalities will only hand out warnings for the first 60 days the law is in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot represents the latest attempt by local governments to regulate e-bikes. The effort has been building at the state level for years, amid concerns about safety risks. However, critics argue that the county law is premature, lacks sufficient data and threatens to hamstring a promising transportation alternative that has been gaining traction around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The crash heard around the county\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The COVID-19 pandemic was a boon for the bike industry. Many people, stuck at home and restricted by bans on indoor gatherings, turned to bikes as a way to recreate and socialize safely. Between 2019 and 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/stories/2021/03/electric-bicycles-sales-growth/\">e-bike sales rose 145%\u003c/a> in the United States. E-bikes can be pricier than traditional bikes, with models that cost anywhere from $1,000 to $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More e-bikes hit the roads, especially in Marin County, where the median household income is $139,643 — 46% higher than the statewide average. Dr. John Maa, a general surgeon at MarinHealth Medical Center, said the rise in e-bike use precipitated two waves of crashes in the county: the first involving mainly people over 50, followed by an increase in injuries among minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051115\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young person rides an e-bike through Mill Valley on July 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/bicycle-safety\">county data\u003c/a> on crashes since October 2023, e-bike riders between 10 and 15 years old have had five times the accident rate compared to any other age group on e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One e-bike crash, in particular, galvanized the county to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2023, 15-year-old Amelia Stafford of San Rafael was riding a Class II e-bike when she fell off, suffering a severe head injury. She spent two months in intensive care units all around the Bay Area, undergoing three brain surgeries to save her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ She was actually the first teenage child that I had personally cared for, and she was clearly the most seriously injured of the children,” said Maa, who stressed that e-bike injuries tend to be more serious than those from a conventional bicycle accident.[aside postID=news_12051292 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-Casual-Carpool-MD-11.jpg']He and Stafford joined forces and helped advocate for \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1778\">AB 1778\u003c/a>, authored by North Bay Assemblymember Damon Connolly, which authorized Marin County to enact the E-bike Safety Pilot until Jan. 1, 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I don’t remember anything from my accident or from the first two months I spent in intensive care units. I know my family and friends had doubts I’d ever be back to normal, lift a finger or even survive,” Stafford, testifying before California’s Senate Transportation Committee in May 2024 in support of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One dangerous aspect of some Class II e-bikes is that they can be easily manipulated to go well over the state-mandated 20 mph speed limit, Marin County’s Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ There’s even some manufacturers that sell the bikes with a QR code to download an app to change the maximum speed,” the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=04-p1ekQJjM&embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Djailbreak%2Ba%2Bsuper%2B73%26sca_esv%3D5bd00a03620829d0%26rlz%3D1C1GCHA_enUS1144US1144%26ei%3DH1WeaMrbO8fG0PEPupKC&source_ve_path=Mjg2NjY\">YouTube videos\u003c/a> that explain how to “jailbreak” some of the e-bikes that many kids are commonly riding across Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is Marin pedaling policy too fast?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Robin Pam, the San Francisco director for Streets For All, a nonprofit advocacy group, is among the critics who opposed AB 1778. She called the pilot “premature” and characterized the county’s data as incomplete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pam said it’s not clear from the county’s data which kind of e-bike is involved in a collision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have any evidence that kids on Class II e-bikes are sustaining injuries at a higher rate than any other group,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051120\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051120\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A kid walks their bike in Mill Valley on Aug. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pam said kids and families need \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12051245/deadly-electric-motor-vehicle-collisions-in-san-francisco-prompt-calls-for-regulation\">clear statewide standards rather than patchwork policies\u003c/a> that vary by jurisdiction. California has already commissioned a report, expected in November, which is charged with recommending best practices to promote the safe use of e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report is a result of a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB381\">2023 bill\u003c/a> authored by Rep. Dave Min, D-Orange County, that directed the Mineta Transportation Institute at San José State University to analyze data on injuries, crashes, emergency room visits and deaths related to bicycles and e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asha Weinstein Agrawal, the principal investigator on the study, said some draft findings of the report contradict Marin County’s data: Drawing on a sample of emergency room patients nationwide between 2020 and 2022, e-bike patients were less likely to be children, and more likely to be older than 50, as compared to patients who rode bicycles or scooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Agrawal, an analysis of 2023 California hospital patient data found that 4,757 patients were injured in incidents involving e-bikes, but nine times more were injured with conventional bicycles. (Patient-specific information, such as age, is not included in that publicly available data.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ [Worldwide] there’s very poor quality data on even just how many people use bicycles or e-bikes, let alone [whether they are] traveling one mile a week or 30 miles a day,” Agrawal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051119\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051119\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Asha Weinstein Agrawal stands near her home in Palo Alto on July 31, 2025. She researches e-bike safety and policy as part of her work at San José State University’s Mineta Transportation Institute. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without knowing the number of people who ride conventional bikes or e-bikes in Marin, it’s difficult to ascertain the exact cause for the rise in e-bike crashes, Agrawal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ It’s possible that the number of e-bike injuries has gone up over three years, but there’s been an explosion 20 times greater of people using e-bikes,” she said. “It doesn’t tell us anything about how risky riding an e-bike is to a pedal-bike, comparatively. We just don’t have the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In defining “rate of accidents,” Marin used the total number of bike accidents per 100,000 people in a given age category, which doesn’t indicate how many of those people use e-bikes specifically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since October 2023, 44 children aged 10 to 15 have had an e-bike accident that sent them to the hospital, according to county data. For the 60 and older age group, that number is only slightly lower — at 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County also does not currently list which class of e-bike is involved in a crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12052959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12052959\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child rides an electric moped along the Mill Valley Bike Path in Mill Valley on Aug. 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our public health team has started working with first responders this past year, though, to collect e-bike class data, and while there is not enough data to publish yet, they’ve noted the vast majority of 911 accidents involved throttle e-bikes,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agrawal said one way to address the problem would be to modify the e-bike classification system in California from three classes, based on motor speed and operation, to a two-class system, like in some European countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One category would be for e-bikes that are only pedal-assist, and travel at a slower rate of speed — basically, similar to a conventional bicycle. These slower e-bikes would have similar regulations to conventional bicycles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other category would be for e-bikes that are operated by a throttle and operate like motorcycles or mopeds. To operate these faster e-bikes, riders would need to follow similar rules, like a minimum age, insurance requirements and a licensing test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The canary in the coal mine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Smith admits the issue of children riding souped-up e-bikes, with price tags in the thousands of dollars, is more of a “wealthy, resourced community issue.” She warned, however, that as the technology becomes more widespread and affordable, more local governments could face the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a rise in e-bike collisions has led Encinitas and Carlsbad in Southern California to declare states of emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I just keep calling us the canary in the coal mine,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051118\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An electric bicycle sits on display at Tam Bikes in Mill Valley on July 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The E-bike Safety Pilot is set to expire on Jan. 1, 2029. A year before that, Marin County must submit a report to the state Legislature detailing the total number of traffic stops initiated for violations, among other metrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For parents like Todd Fitzgerald of San Anselmo, the county’s pilot ban means his 14-year-old son, Brooks, is stuck with a bike he can’t ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ He’s pretty bummed,” Fitzgerald said, adding that Brooks saved his own money to purchase the bike, which he used to ride around with his friends or get to lacrosse practice.[aside postID=news_12052424 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/20241204-BART-JY-023_qed.jpg']Fitzgerald said he believes whether a bike is appropriate for a child is ultimately up to parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he admits he is surprised by how often he has seen packs of kids doing wheelies in the middle of busy roads in San Anselmo, traveling what he estimates could be 50 miles per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It stinks for my kid, because he rides his bike appropriately. But if kids are getting really hurt, something has to be done,” said Fitzgerald, who suggests a licensing test or a training course for youth to ride e-bikes might be an alternative to the countywide ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the summer, Dylan Nussbaum and his family left Marin and moved farther north to Petaluma. His father, Aron, said his son faced a lot of peer pressure to get faster e-bikes. He said he didn’t feel safe putting his 12-year-old on one, despite Dylan’s pleas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aron Nussbaum hopes that Marin County’s law gets traction and expands to his new home and across the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ Now that conversation comes back and we have to deal with it again,” Nussbaum said. “You can just say we’re not going to talk about this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Marin County officials say kids on electric bikes get into accidents at far higher rates than other age groups. Critics, however, say crash data doesn’t tell the full story. ",
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"title": "Speed Hacks and Safety Fears: Marin Cracks Down on Kids’ E-Bikes | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent sunny afternoon, Dylan Nussbaum and his friends cruised over to a shopping center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mill-valley\">in Mill Valley\u003c/a>, where the parking lot serves as a makeshift bike park. The kids popped wheelies — making the most, as generations of pre-teens before them, of summer weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started biking a lot more when I got here. It’s a fun way to get around faster,” said Nussbaum, 12, riding a traditional mountain bike, while some of his friends rode electric bicycles, or e-bikes, which had thick tires, wide seats and battery-powered motors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nussbaum, whose family moved from Oakland to Mill Valley at the start of his fifth-grade year, noticed that getting around on two wheels is a huge part of the culture, even among his peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County is considered the birthplace of modern mountain biking. He said his former school, Mill Valley Middle, was full of shiny new e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[In] sixth grade, I remember right after Christmas, there were so many more,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like some adults who customize their cars, many of his middle school peers learned to trick out their e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051116\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An e-bike parked in Mill Valley on July 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I jail-broke my Sur-ron. It’s called ‘mudding’ it,” one of Nussbaum’s friends said, referring to overriding the speed limiter on e-bikes to reach speeds of 40 to 50 mph — far above the legal limit in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another kid, sitting atop an e-dirt bike, told me it’s capable of going 55 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ The cops used to not care, but they’re enforcing the law now,” he said. “So I just avoid main roads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nussbaum wants an e-bike, too. But his parents, worried about his safety, are reluctant to buy him one. As kids head back to school in the Bay Area, more of them are riding e-bikes, which have become \u003ca href=\"https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/us-e-bike-market-report\">more accessible\u003c/a> in recent years. But Marin County policymakers have been trying to sound the alarm about one downside to this growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the county’s Department of Health and Human Services, \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/bicycle-safety\">serious accidents\u003c/a> associated with e-bikes, particularly among 10- to 15-year-olds, have been on the rise for years, so the county began closely tracking the problem in 2023.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In response, the county has enacted a pilot program that bans anyone under 16 years old from riding Class II e-bikes, which, in California, are classified as having a motor that boosts riders up to speeds of 20 mph and can be operated using a throttle or pedal-assist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids found in violation can expect a $25 ticket. Several school districts in the area have also moved to prohibit kids under 16 from parking Class II e-bikes on school property, implementing registration programs for the bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local police officers will enforce the law as a secondary infraction, meaning children will not be stopped based on their perceived age, according to Talia Smith, the director of legislative and intergovernmental affairs for the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot also mandates that anyone, regardless of age, wear a helmet on a Class II e-bike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county law, which went into effect in June, applies only to unincorporated areas, copycat ordinances are already in effect in the majority of Marin’s towns, as well. Novato’s ordinance will go into effect on Friday. Ross and San Rafael are expected to have theirs in effect by mid-October, at which point the ban will reach the entire county. Municipalities will only hand out warnings for the first 60 days the law is in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot represents the latest attempt by local governments to regulate e-bikes. The effort has been building at the state level for years, amid concerns about safety risks. However, critics argue that the county law is premature, lacks sufficient data and threatens to hamstring a promising transportation alternative that has been gaining traction around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The crash heard around the county\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The COVID-19 pandemic was a boon for the bike industry. Many people, stuck at home and restricted by bans on indoor gatherings, turned to bikes as a way to recreate and socialize safely. Between 2019 and 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.weforum.org/stories/2021/03/electric-bicycles-sales-growth/\">e-bike sales rose 145%\u003c/a> in the United States. E-bikes can be pricier than traditional bikes, with models that cost anywhere from $1,000 to $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More e-bikes hit the roads, especially in Marin County, where the median household income is $139,643 — 46% higher than the statewide average. Dr. John Maa, a general surgeon at MarinHealth Medical Center, said the rise in e-bike use precipitated two waves of crashes in the county: the first involving mainly people over 50, followed by an increase in injuries among minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051115\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young person rides an e-bike through Mill Valley on July 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/bicycle-safety\">county data\u003c/a> on crashes since October 2023, e-bike riders between 10 and 15 years old have had five times the accident rate compared to any other age group on e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One e-bike crash, in particular, galvanized the county to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2023, 15-year-old Amelia Stafford of San Rafael was riding a Class II e-bike when she fell off, suffering a severe head injury. She spent two months in intensive care units all around the Bay Area, undergoing three brain surgeries to save her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ She was actually the first teenage child that I had personally cared for, and she was clearly the most seriously injured of the children,” said Maa, who stressed that e-bike injuries tend to be more serious than those from a conventional bicycle accident.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He and Stafford joined forces and helped advocate for \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1778\">AB 1778\u003c/a>, authored by North Bay Assemblymember Damon Connolly, which authorized Marin County to enact the E-bike Safety Pilot until Jan. 1, 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I don’t remember anything from my accident or from the first two months I spent in intensive care units. I know my family and friends had doubts I’d ever be back to normal, lift a finger or even survive,” Stafford, testifying before California’s Senate Transportation Committee in May 2024 in support of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One dangerous aspect of some Class II e-bikes is that they can be easily manipulated to go well over the state-mandated 20 mph speed limit, Marin County’s Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ There’s even some manufacturers that sell the bikes with a QR code to download an app to change the maximum speed,” the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=04-p1ekQJjM&embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Djailbreak%2Ba%2Bsuper%2B73%26sca_esv%3D5bd00a03620829d0%26rlz%3D1C1GCHA_enUS1144US1144%26ei%3DH1WeaMrbO8fG0PEPupKC&source_ve_path=Mjg2NjY\">YouTube videos\u003c/a> that explain how to “jailbreak” some of the e-bikes that many kids are commonly riding across Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is Marin pedaling policy too fast?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Robin Pam, the San Francisco director for Streets For All, a nonprofit advocacy group, is among the critics who opposed AB 1778. She called the pilot “premature” and characterized the county’s data as incomplete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pam said it’s not clear from the county’s data which kind of e-bike is involved in a collision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have any evidence that kids on Class II e-bikes are sustaining injuries at a higher rate than any other group,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051120\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051120\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250803-MARINEBIKES_00326_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A kid walks their bike in Mill Valley on Aug. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pam said kids and families need \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12051245/deadly-electric-motor-vehicle-collisions-in-san-francisco-prompt-calls-for-regulation\">clear statewide standards rather than patchwork policies\u003c/a> that vary by jurisdiction. California has already commissioned a report, expected in November, which is charged with recommending best practices to promote the safe use of e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report is a result of a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB381\">2023 bill\u003c/a> authored by Rep. Dave Min, D-Orange County, that directed the Mineta Transportation Institute at San José State University to analyze data on injuries, crashes, emergency room visits and deaths related to bicycles and e-bikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asha Weinstein Agrawal, the principal investigator on the study, said some draft findings of the report contradict Marin County’s data: Drawing on a sample of emergency room patients nationwide between 2020 and 2022, e-bike patients were less likely to be children, and more likely to be older than 50, as compared to patients who rode bicycles or scooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Agrawal, an analysis of 2023 California hospital patient data found that 4,757 patients were injured in incidents involving e-bikes, but nine times more were injured with conventional bicycles. (Patient-specific information, such as age, is not included in that publicly available data.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ [Worldwide] there’s very poor quality data on even just how many people use bicycles or e-bikes, let alone [whether they are] traveling one mile a week or 30 miles a day,” Agrawal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051119\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051119\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-MARINEBIKES-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Asha Weinstein Agrawal stands near her home in Palo Alto on July 31, 2025. She researches e-bike safety and policy as part of her work at San José State University’s Mineta Transportation Institute. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Without knowing the number of people who ride conventional bikes or e-bikes in Marin, it’s difficult to ascertain the exact cause for the rise in e-bike crashes, Agrawal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ It’s possible that the number of e-bike injuries has gone up over three years, but there’s been an explosion 20 times greater of people using e-bikes,” she said. “It doesn’t tell us anything about how risky riding an e-bike is to a pedal-bike, comparatively. We just don’t have the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In defining “rate of accidents,” Marin used the total number of bike accidents per 100,000 people in a given age category, which doesn’t indicate how many of those people use e-bikes specifically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since October 2023, 44 children aged 10 to 15 have had an e-bike accident that sent them to the hospital, according to county data. For the 60 and older age group, that number is only slightly lower — at 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin County also does not currently list which class of e-bike is involved in a crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12052959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12052959\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MarinEBikes-05_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child rides an electric moped along the Mill Valley Bike Path in Mill Valley on Aug. 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our public health team has started working with first responders this past year, though, to collect e-bike class data, and while there is not enough data to publish yet, they’ve noted the vast majority of 911 accidents involved throttle e-bikes,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agrawal said one way to address the problem would be to modify the e-bike classification system in California from three classes, based on motor speed and operation, to a two-class system, like in some European countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One category would be for e-bikes that are only pedal-assist, and travel at a slower rate of speed — basically, similar to a conventional bicycle. These slower e-bikes would have similar regulations to conventional bicycles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other category would be for e-bikes that are operated by a throttle and operate like motorcycles or mopeds. To operate these faster e-bikes, riders would need to follow similar rules, like a minimum age, insurance requirements and a licensing test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The canary in the coal mine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Smith admits the issue of children riding souped-up e-bikes, with price tags in the thousands of dollars, is more of a “wealthy, resourced community issue.” She warned, however, that as the technology becomes more widespread and affordable, more local governments could face the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a rise in e-bike collisions has led Encinitas and Carlsbad in Southern California to declare states of emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I just keep calling us the canary in the coal mine,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051118\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An electric bicycle sits on display at Tam Bikes in Mill Valley on July 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The E-bike Safety Pilot is set to expire on Jan. 1, 2029. A year before that, Marin County must submit a report to the state Legislature detailing the total number of traffic stops initiated for violations, among other metrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For parents like Todd Fitzgerald of San Anselmo, the county’s pilot ban means his 14-year-old son, Brooks, is stuck with a bike he can’t ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ He’s pretty bummed,” Fitzgerald said, adding that Brooks saved his own money to purchase the bike, which he used to ride around with his friends or get to lacrosse practice.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Fitzgerald said he believes whether a bike is appropriate for a child is ultimately up to parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he admits he is surprised by how often he has seen packs of kids doing wheelies in the middle of busy roads in San Anselmo, traveling what he estimates could be 50 miles per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It stinks for my kid, because he rides his bike appropriately. But if kids are getting really hurt, something has to be done,” said Fitzgerald, who suggests a licensing test or a training course for youth to ride e-bikes might be an alternative to the countywide ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the summer, Dylan Nussbaum and his family left Marin and moved farther north to Petaluma. His father, Aron, said his son faced a lot of peer pressure to get faster e-bikes. He said he didn’t feel safe putting his 12-year-old on one, despite Dylan’s pleas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aron Nussbaum hopes that Marin County’s law gets traction and expands to his new home and across the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ Now that conversation comes back and we have to deal with it again,” Nussbaum said. “You can just say we’re not going to talk about this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-SinglePost-__SinglePost__mpost_Title\">\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today we’re bringing you an excerpt from the first episode of a new podcast called \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://snapjudgment.org/a-tiny-plot/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Tiny Plot\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, from our friends at KQED’s Snap Studios. About one third of our nation’s homeless population is here in California – with close to 6,000 people on the streets each night in Oakland alone. Producer Shaina Shealy spent more than a year following a group of unhoused people at Union Point Park in Oakland as they fought for a radical idea: their own encampment where they could set their own rules. If their idea worked, the people of Union Point believed they could create a model that would help other homeless people across the state.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Key details of a long-running investigation into a whistleblower complaint over alleged misconduct by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County\u003c/a> sheriff’s officers spilled into public view this week when attorneys for the deputies union accidentally released sealed subpoenas issued by the county’s independent law enforcement watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents, which sought information on personnel, promotions and the disciplinary process in the years before Sheriff Eddie Engram took office, are central to an ongoing legal battle between the county watchdog, Engram and the Deputy Sheriffs’ Association, which backed Engram’s campaign for sheriff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were sent to county supervisors Tuesday as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057115/sonoma-county-sheriffs-union-demands-probe-of-civilian-watchdog\">complaint against the watchdog agency\u003c/a>, known as the Independent Office of Law Enforcement Review and Outreach, for allegedly harassing and intimidating deputies in a \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.gov/Main%20County%20Site/Administrative%20Support%20%26%20Fiscal%20Services/IOLERO/Documents/Audit%20Reports/IOLERO%20Final%20Report%20-tagged.pdf\">separate investigation\u003c/a> into a 2022 fatal shooting by a deputy. The complaint was attached to a press release that also accused IOLERO Executive Director John Alden of leaking information about the whistleblower case to the news media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A previous version of the attachment contains court-ordered sealed materials,” a spokesperson for the deputies union wrote in a follow-up email a few hours later. “The attorneys made an error in providing it and ask that you destroy the earlier attachment and use this redacted version.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Murphy, an attorney representing the Deputy Sheriffs’ Association, did not return a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IOLERO issued the subpoenas last year for various records related to sheriff’s office staff members who witnessed the events alleged by the whistleblower, which remain confidential, along with a request for two years of records related to Engram’s disciplinary decisions before he took office in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engram and attorneys representing the deputies union argued that IOLERO overstepped its authority by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013532/sonoma-countys-sheriff-oversight-agency-appeals-decision-limiting-its-authority\">investigating the whistleblower complaint\u003c/a>, and the sheriff’s office refused to comply with the subpoenas. In July 2024, IOLERO sued in Sonoma County Superior Court and asked the judge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12003512/judge-weighs-limits-of-sheriffs-oversight-in-sonoma-county\">seal the subpoenas\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12057115 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250924_SONOMACOUNTYSHERIFF_GC-1-KQED.jpg']Alden declined to comment on the content of the subpoenas because they are still under seal, but he said the release could undermine IOLERO’s efforts to protect the investigation, the privacy of sheriff’s office staff and the whistleblower, who has not been publicly identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subject of the whistleblower complaint is also not publicly known. However, in an attempt to quash the subpoenas, Deputy Sheriffs’ Association attorney Murphy wrote to county counsel on May 10, 2024: “It appears possible, if not probable, that the subject of the complaint is the currently elected Sheriff, Eddie Engram” — in which case, Murphy argued, IOLERO has no jurisdiction to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IOLERO subpoenas that were inadvertently released this week seek records related to three current sheriff’s office employees: Deputy Brandon Jones, Sgt. Kelly Burris and Lt. Anthony Diehm, as well as one former non-sworn employee, Misti Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A public court filing described these staff as being “allegedly involved in events described by the whistleblower,” and said their personnel records allegedly document those events. Two of the sworn employees are the subjects of the whistleblower’s allegations, according to the same filing, but it is unknown which ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas sought all records of internal affairs investigations that were initiated during 2019–2021 in which Burris and Jones were subjects, regardless of the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033781\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1760px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033781\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1760\" height=\"1084\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba.jpg 1760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-1536x946.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1760px) 100vw, 1760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign outside of a California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training hearing in San Diego on March 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Mike Damron/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas show that IOLERO asked for detailed records related to the three officers’ most recent promotions and assignments, including Jones’ assignment to the position of background investigator, Burris’ assignment to the position of personnel sergeant and Diehm’s promotion to lieutenant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The confidential documents also show that IOLERO subpoenaed the records of all hearings where Sheriff Engram acted as the Skelly officer, who hears appeals of public agencies’ disciplinary decisions before the disciplinary action is taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also sought all disciplinary and non-disciplinary actions reported to the state’s Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training from 2020 to 2022, the years immediately before Engram was sworn into office. In 2023, state lawmakers empowered POST, an accreditation agency for all law enforcement agencies in California, to decertify officers for serious misconduct. Participating agencies are required to notify POST of allegations of serious misconduct within 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Watchdog questions sheriff’s disciplinary actions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Publicly available filings show that IOLERO’s investigation reaches far beyond the individuals named in the subpoenas, extending to broad inquiries into dishonesty and disciplinary results over six years ending in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas also seek information on Brady notifications — sustained findings of dishonesty that the sheriff’s office is required to share with the district attorney — and the notices of disciplinary action to POST.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These broader requests overlap with IOLERO’s repeated criticism of the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office’s administrative reviews of shootings by its deputies — incidents of such great public concern in the county that voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11846850/what-measure-p-in-sonoma-county-says-about-police-accountability\">overwhelmingly passed Measure P\u003c/a> in 2020 to give the civilian oversight board powers to investigate allegations of misconduct, including the power to subpoena records and witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve learned at IOLERO that in shooting cases, the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office historically does not interview their own deputy sheriffs,” Alden said. “This is unlike almost every other agency in California, which does their own administrative interview to check to see if there are policy issues or violations or even strategic or tactical improvements that could be made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engram was not available to comment for this report, but public information officer Sgt. Juan Valencia said the department follows a county protocol for shootings in which an outside agency first investigates whether officers broke any laws. The department then conducts its own administrative review, which would include interviewing staff if warranted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outside agency that’s conducting the investigation, they ask questions of the deputy,” Valencia said. “If there’s something that comes out during the criminal investigation or during the investigation that it’s a policy violation, then yes, they’re going to be interviewed later for that policy violation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IOLERO has repeatedly criticized the sheriff for relying on criminal investigators’ interviews for administrative reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An internal affairs investigator would ask very different questions in order to identify policy slips, or the need to reassess a policy that didn’t work in the field, Alden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t see how any law enforcement employer, like the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office, could follow up on their duty to impose discipline where appropriate, put people on a Brady list or notify POST of misconduct if they’re not doing interviews of the personnel involved,” Alden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Key details of a long-running investigation into a whistleblower complaint over alleged misconduct by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County\u003c/a> sheriff’s officers spilled into public view this week when attorneys for the deputies union accidentally released sealed subpoenas issued by the county’s independent law enforcement watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents, which sought information on personnel, promotions and the disciplinary process in the years before Sheriff Eddie Engram took office, are central to an ongoing legal battle between the county watchdog, Engram and the Deputy Sheriffs’ Association, which backed Engram’s campaign for sheriff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were sent to county supervisors Tuesday as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057115/sonoma-county-sheriffs-union-demands-probe-of-civilian-watchdog\">complaint against the watchdog agency\u003c/a>, known as the Independent Office of Law Enforcement Review and Outreach, for allegedly harassing and intimidating deputies in a \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.gov/Main%20County%20Site/Administrative%20Support%20%26%20Fiscal%20Services/IOLERO/Documents/Audit%20Reports/IOLERO%20Final%20Report%20-tagged.pdf\">separate investigation\u003c/a> into a 2022 fatal shooting by a deputy. The complaint was attached to a press release that also accused IOLERO Executive Director John Alden of leaking information about the whistleblower case to the news media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A previous version of the attachment contains court-ordered sealed materials,” a spokesperson for the deputies union wrote in a follow-up email a few hours later. “The attorneys made an error in providing it and ask that you destroy the earlier attachment and use this redacted version.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Murphy, an attorney representing the Deputy Sheriffs’ Association, did not return a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IOLERO issued the subpoenas last year for various records related to sheriff’s office staff members who witnessed the events alleged by the whistleblower, which remain confidential, along with a request for two years of records related to Engram’s disciplinary decisions before he took office in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engram and attorneys representing the deputies union argued that IOLERO overstepped its authority by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013532/sonoma-countys-sheriff-oversight-agency-appeals-decision-limiting-its-authority\">investigating the whistleblower complaint\u003c/a>, and the sheriff’s office refused to comply with the subpoenas. In July 2024, IOLERO sued in Sonoma County Superior Court and asked the judge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12003512/judge-weighs-limits-of-sheriffs-oversight-in-sonoma-county\">seal the subpoenas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Alden declined to comment on the content of the subpoenas because they are still under seal, but he said the release could undermine IOLERO’s efforts to protect the investigation, the privacy of sheriff’s office staff and the whistleblower, who has not been publicly identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subject of the whistleblower complaint is also not publicly known. However, in an attempt to quash the subpoenas, Deputy Sheriffs’ Association attorney Murphy wrote to county counsel on May 10, 2024: “It appears possible, if not probable, that the subject of the complaint is the currently elected Sheriff, Eddie Engram” — in which case, Murphy argued, IOLERO has no jurisdiction to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IOLERO subpoenas that were inadvertently released this week seek records related to three current sheriff’s office employees: Deputy Brandon Jones, Sgt. Kelly Burris and Lt. Anthony Diehm, as well as one former non-sworn employee, Misti Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A public court filing described these staff as being “allegedly involved in events described by the whistleblower,” and said their personnel records allegedly document those events. Two of the sworn employees are the subjects of the whistleblower’s allegations, according to the same filing, but it is unknown which ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas sought all records of internal affairs investigations that were initiated during 2019–2021 in which Burris and Jones were subjects, regardless of the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033781\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1760px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033781\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1760\" height=\"1084\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba.jpg 1760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/police-accountability-67ea99f206bba-1536x946.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1760px) 100vw, 1760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign outside of a California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training hearing in San Diego on March 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Mike Damron/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas show that IOLERO asked for detailed records related to the three officers’ most recent promotions and assignments, including Jones’ assignment to the position of background investigator, Burris’ assignment to the position of personnel sergeant and Diehm’s promotion to lieutenant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The confidential documents also show that IOLERO subpoenaed the records of all hearings where Sheriff Engram acted as the Skelly officer, who hears appeals of public agencies’ disciplinary decisions before the disciplinary action is taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also sought all disciplinary and non-disciplinary actions reported to the state’s Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training from 2020 to 2022, the years immediately before Engram was sworn into office. In 2023, state lawmakers empowered POST, an accreditation agency for all law enforcement agencies in California, to decertify officers for serious misconduct. Participating agencies are required to notify POST of allegations of serious misconduct within 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Watchdog questions sheriff’s disciplinary actions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Publicly available filings show that IOLERO’s investigation reaches far beyond the individuals named in the subpoenas, extending to broad inquiries into dishonesty and disciplinary results over six years ending in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subpoenas also seek information on Brady notifications — sustained findings of dishonesty that the sheriff’s office is required to share with the district attorney — and the notices of disciplinary action to POST.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These broader requests overlap with IOLERO’s repeated criticism of the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office’s administrative reviews of shootings by its deputies — incidents of such great public concern in the county that voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11846850/what-measure-p-in-sonoma-county-says-about-police-accountability\">overwhelmingly passed Measure P\u003c/a> in 2020 to give the civilian oversight board powers to investigate allegations of misconduct, including the power to subpoena records and witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve learned at IOLERO that in shooting cases, the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office historically does not interview their own deputy sheriffs,” Alden said. “This is unlike almost every other agency in California, which does their own administrative interview to check to see if there are policy issues or violations or even strategic or tactical improvements that could be made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Engram was not available to comment for this report, but public information officer Sgt. Juan Valencia said the department follows a county protocol for shootings in which an outside agency first investigates whether officers broke any laws. The department then conducts its own administrative review, which would include interviewing staff if warranted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outside agency that’s conducting the investigation, they ask questions of the deputy,” Valencia said. “If there’s something that comes out during the criminal investigation or during the investigation that it’s a policy violation, then yes, they’re going to be interviewed later for that policy violation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IOLERO has repeatedly criticized the sheriff for relying on criminal investigators’ interviews for administrative reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An internal affairs investigator would ask very different questions in order to identify policy slips, or the need to reassess a policy that didn’t work in the field, Alden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t see how any law enforcement employer, like the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office, could follow up on their duty to impose discipline where appropriate, put people on a Brady list or notify POST of misconduct if they’re not doing interviews of the personnel involved,” Alden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998274/a-new-sonoma-facility-wants-to-recycle-plastics-residents-are-pushing-back\">A Sonoma County plastic recycling startup\u003c/a> announced Thursday that it plans to move operations out of California following public opposition to a facility in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/rohnert-park\">Rohnert Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resynergi aims to recycle plastic waste that might otherwise end up in landfills. The startup was seeking permits to expand operations at a facility from SOMO Village, a new mixed-use development, until community members had loudly expressed their concern in recent months about the possible environmental and safety impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be moving our operations out of state, and it means that we can accelerate our growth,” Resynergi CEO Brian Bauer said. “We have plans to be in over 200 locations throughout North America, and this is our next step in that growth acceleration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An online petition opposing the facility was launched in early August and gathered over five thousand signatures. Residents also showed up at public meetings to share their discontent, particularly due to the fact that the facility is a few hundred feet away from a high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Resynergi officials have described their work as an innovative process for breaking down and recycling plastics with minimal toxic byproducts, critics say the technology is not new and the facility is just an incinerator by another name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just an incinerator; it actually has parts of the facility that are explosive. Placing a facility like this next to a school, literally within hundreds of feet of a school, is very alarming,” said Jane Williams, executive director of California Communities Against Toxics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11848957 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sonoma County startup announced plans to leave California after public opposition halted its proposed expansion at Rohnert Park’s SOMO Village. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group filed an intent to sue Resynergi over permit issues, claiming the company’s recycling operations violated the Clean Air Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer rejected assertions that the facility would pose a health or safety risk to community members, but acknowledged that the public pushback played a role in the company’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer did not share exactly where the new site will be, but the company’s announcement said the new site will be in an industrially zoned area, which will “provide the scale and infrastructure needed to keep pace with the urgent and ever-growing demand for plastics recycling.”[aside postID=science_1998274 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/08/250702-JosephHuffakerTrial-18-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg']The company leader also didn’t definitively rule out operating in California in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can definitely educate the communities better than we did in advance,” Bauer said. “We thought that they would study it and look at the [Bay Area Air Quality Management District] reports and that would be good enough for their education, but it clearly was not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams also said she’s not done campaigning against the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t left town yet, they haven’t withdrawn their application for the air permit, they haven’t applied for their solid waste facility permit, and they have been operating for years illegally at three different locations in Sonoma County,” Williams said, alluding to three notices of violation that air district officials issued to the company last month for unpermitted business at three sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer agreed that there is no reason for the company to continue pursuing an air permit and insisted that the company worked with air regulators to acquire necessary permits in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said she plans to keep pushing regulators to hold the company accountable and didn’t rule out continuing to pursue a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regulatory agencies that regulate these types of facilities — these incinerators in California — need to follow through because if they don’t, then it sends a very clear message that you can construct and operate pieces of industrial equipment in California without any consequence,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998274/a-new-sonoma-facility-wants-to-recycle-plastics-residents-are-pushing-back\">A Sonoma County plastic recycling startup\u003c/a> announced Thursday that it plans to move operations out of California following public opposition to a facility in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/rohnert-park\">Rohnert Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resynergi aims to recycle plastic waste that might otherwise end up in landfills. The startup was seeking permits to expand operations at a facility from SOMO Village, a new mixed-use development, until community members had loudly expressed their concern in recent months about the possible environmental and safety impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be moving our operations out of state, and it means that we can accelerate our growth,” Resynergi CEO Brian Bauer said. “We have plans to be in over 200 locations throughout North America, and this is our next step in that growth acceleration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An online petition opposing the facility was launched in early August and gathered over five thousand signatures. Residents also showed up at public meetings to share their discontent, particularly due to the fact that the facility is a few hundred feet away from a high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Resynergi officials have described their work as an innovative process for breaking down and recycling plastics with minimal toxic byproducts, critics say the technology is not new and the facility is just an incinerator by another name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just an incinerator; it actually has parts of the facility that are explosive. Placing a facility like this next to a school, literally within hundreds of feet of a school, is very alarming,” said Jane Williams, executive director of California Communities Against Toxics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11848957 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1205247477_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sonoma County startup announced plans to leave California after public opposition halted its proposed expansion at Rohnert Park’s SOMO Village. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group filed an intent to sue Resynergi over permit issues, claiming the company’s recycling operations violated the Clean Air Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer rejected assertions that the facility would pose a health or safety risk to community members, but acknowledged that the public pushback played a role in the company’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer did not share exactly where the new site will be, but the company’s announcement said the new site will be in an industrially zoned area, which will “provide the scale and infrastructure needed to keep pace with the urgent and ever-growing demand for plastics recycling.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The company leader also didn’t definitively rule out operating in California in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can definitely educate the communities better than we did in advance,” Bauer said. “We thought that they would study it and look at the [Bay Area Air Quality Management District] reports and that would be good enough for their education, but it clearly was not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams also said she’s not done campaigning against the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t left town yet, they haven’t withdrawn their application for the air permit, they haven’t applied for their solid waste facility permit, and they have been operating for years illegally at three different locations in Sonoma County,” Williams said, alluding to three notices of violation that air district officials issued to the company last month for unpermitted business at three sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bauer agreed that there is no reason for the company to continue pursuing an air permit and insisted that the company worked with air regulators to acquire necessary permits in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams said she plans to keep pushing regulators to hold the company accountable and didn’t rule out continuing to pursue a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regulatory agencies that regulate these types of facilities — these incinerators in California — need to follow through because if they don’t, then it sends a very clear message that you can construct and operate pieces of industrial equipment in California without any consequence,” Williams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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