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"content": "\u003cp>Take a good, long look at the image above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of the wave, veined as it is with tiny lines of white, there’s one thin line that stands out from the rest. There, streaking diagonally in the center of the frame, is the wake left by a man so small compared with the giant he is riding that he is all but unfindable with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s Rodrigo Koxa, riding a wave last November in Nazaré, Portugal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, at the World Surf League’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/posts/322003/2018-wsl-big-wave-awards-winners-complete-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2018 Big Wave Awards\u003c/a>, the Brazilian surfer’s wave was declared the biggest ever surfed — at a whopping 80 feet tall. That beat the previous record — \u003ca href=\"http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/5/video-78-foot-wave-surfed-by-garrett-mcnamara-confirmed-as-largest-ever-ridden-41598/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">78 feet by Garrett McNamara\u003c/a>, also at Nazaré back in 2011 — and it naturally won Koxa the night’s prize for \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/bigwaveawards/229227/big-wave-awards-biggest-wave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">biggest wave of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch the full ride for yourself below or \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/bgXAAxvytPU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">at this link\u003c/a>. Or if you’d like, skip below to watch the other Big Wave Award winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgXAAxvytPU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koxa said that as unprecedented as the wave may have been, he did appear to have \u003cem>some\u003c/em> inkling about what was in store, even before a Jet Ski towed him straight into the maw of this heaving goliath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had an amazing dream the night before, where I was talking to myself: ‘You gotta go straight down. You gotta go straight down.’ I didn’t really know what it meant. But I figured somebody was talking to me,” he said, \u003ca href=\"https://new.surfline.com/surf-news/rodrigo-koxa-breaks-guinness-world-record-80-footer-nazare/23691\">according to Surfline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got my wave, I let go of the rope, I started to use my rail to angle towards the shoulder, but then realized, if I used my rail, I’d never get deep. And then I remembered: ‘Go straight down.’ When I said it, I remembered my dream. I turned and I almost fell, but then I got my feet again and went super fast. I’ve never had a big wave like that where I didn’t use the rail at all. Just went straight down. It was amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, you might have some questions — besides the obvious ones about where, exactly, this world-class surfer’s self-preservation instincts ran off to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of these being: How do these waves get measured, anyway? After all, it’s not as if Koxa had a mountain-size yardstick and a team of scientists standing out in the lineup with him on that fateful Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here we’ll \u003ca href=\"https://www.surfer.com/features/how-do-you-measure-the-worlds-biggest-waves/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">defer to Surfer Magazine\u003c/a>, whose photo editor, Grant Ellis, has numbered among the Big Wave Award judges. Paraphrasing Ellis, the magazine describes “a crude science, but a science nonetheless”:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“It starts with a handful of big-wave statesmen and experts gathering in a room in Huntington Beach, [Calif.], discussing each of the nominated rides at length, and then busting out the trusty ol’ ruler and calipers. Using oversized images of the waves, and the known heights of each surfer, they estimate the [surfer’s] crouching height in the moment the photo was taken, creating a scale that they can then use to determine the overall height of the wave, from trough to lip. And then, bingo — you’ve got a reasonably accurate measurement on a monster wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And if you’re wondering why the gentle rollers at your home break — should you be so lucky to live by the beach — look nothing like Nazaré or its fellow famed big-wave brethren, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS6LJgfR1AM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Northern California’s Mavericks\u003c/a> or Hawaii’s Pe’ahi, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usi5iMoS-l0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perhaps better known as Jaws\u003c/a>, NPR’s Scott Neuman was helpful enough to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/01/31/170753700/portugals-monster-the-mechanics-of-a-massive-wave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explain back in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key at Nazaré, as with several other spots, rests with what’s going on well beneath the wave you see stalking the surface — a deep underwater canyon that concentrates the strength of the waves, then slams them into suddenly shallow waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, first you’ve got really deep water,” Micah Sklut, forecaster and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.swellinfo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Swellinfo.com\u003c/a>, told Neuman at the time, “and then as it approaches the shore it gets very shallow, and that enables the waves to climb really, really big all of a sudden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, Koxa wasn’t the only surfer to win a Big Wave Award on Saturday. Breathtaking rides by several other surfers earned honors as well. That includes prizes for \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/aoXFglyfKP8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best overall performance\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/rKS7epeBQnA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best paddle\u003c/a> (for paddling into the wave, rather than using a Jet Ski) and naturally, \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/KDHxfiCJfog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best wipeout\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happily, you can watch all of them below and check out \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/bigwaveawards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">all of the nominees here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Ride of the Year and Tube of the Year (at Jaws in Maui)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_xSWTZFMg4\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paddle of the Year: Aaron Gold (at Jaws)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKS7epeBQnA\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Women’s Overall Performance of the Year: Paige Alms (at Jaws)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoXFglyfKP8\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Men’s Overall Performance of the Year: Lucas Chianca (at Nazaré)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCeYT3izBiY\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wipeout of the Year: Andrew Cotton (at Nazaré)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDHxfiCJfog\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Take a good, long look at the image above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of the wave, veined as it is with tiny lines of white, there’s one thin line that stands out from the rest. There, streaking diagonally in the center of the frame, is the wake left by a man so small compared with the giant he is riding that he is all but unfindable with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s Rodrigo Koxa, riding a wave last November in Nazaré, Portugal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, at the World Surf League’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/posts/322003/2018-wsl-big-wave-awards-winners-complete-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2018 Big Wave Awards\u003c/a>, the Brazilian surfer’s wave was declared the biggest ever surfed — at a whopping 80 feet tall. That beat the previous record — \u003ca href=\"http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/5/video-78-foot-wave-surfed-by-garrett-mcnamara-confirmed-as-largest-ever-ridden-41598/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">78 feet by Garrett McNamara\u003c/a>, also at Nazaré back in 2011 — and it naturally won Koxa the night’s prize for \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/bigwaveawards/229227/big-wave-awards-biggest-wave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">biggest wave of the year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch the full ride for yourself below or \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/bgXAAxvytPU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">at this link\u003c/a>. Or if you’d like, skip below to watch the other Big Wave Award winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/bgXAAxvytPU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/bgXAAxvytPU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Koxa said that as unprecedented as the wave may have been, he did appear to have \u003cem>some\u003c/em> inkling about what was in store, even before a Jet Ski towed him straight into the maw of this heaving goliath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had an amazing dream the night before, where I was talking to myself: ‘You gotta go straight down. You gotta go straight down.’ I didn’t really know what it meant. But I figured somebody was talking to me,” he said, \u003ca href=\"https://new.surfline.com/surf-news/rodrigo-koxa-breaks-guinness-world-record-80-footer-nazare/23691\">according to Surfline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got my wave, I let go of the rope, I started to use my rail to angle towards the shoulder, but then realized, if I used my rail, I’d never get deep. And then I remembered: ‘Go straight down.’ When I said it, I remembered my dream. I turned and I almost fell, but then I got my feet again and went super fast. I’ve never had a big wave like that where I didn’t use the rail at all. Just went straight down. It was amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, you might have some questions — besides the obvious ones about where, exactly, this world-class surfer’s self-preservation instincts ran off to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of these being: How do these waves get measured, anyway? After all, it’s not as if Koxa had a mountain-size yardstick and a team of scientists standing out in the lineup with him on that fateful Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here we’ll \u003ca href=\"https://www.surfer.com/features/how-do-you-measure-the-worlds-biggest-waves/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">defer to Surfer Magazine\u003c/a>, whose photo editor, Grant Ellis, has numbered among the Big Wave Award judges. Paraphrasing Ellis, the magazine describes “a crude science, but a science nonetheless”:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“It starts with a handful of big-wave statesmen and experts gathering in a room in Huntington Beach, [Calif.], discussing each of the nominated rides at length, and then busting out the trusty ol’ ruler and calipers. Using oversized images of the waves, and the known heights of each surfer, they estimate the [surfer’s] crouching height in the moment the photo was taken, creating a scale that they can then use to determine the overall height of the wave, from trough to lip. And then, bingo — you’ve got a reasonably accurate measurement on a monster wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And if you’re wondering why the gentle rollers at your home break — should you be so lucky to live by the beach — look nothing like Nazaré or its fellow famed big-wave brethren, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS6LJgfR1AM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Northern California’s Mavericks\u003c/a> or Hawaii’s Pe’ahi, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usi5iMoS-l0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perhaps better known as Jaws\u003c/a>, NPR’s Scott Neuman was helpful enough to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/01/31/170753700/portugals-monster-the-mechanics-of-a-massive-wave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explain back in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key at Nazaré, as with several other spots, rests with what’s going on well beneath the wave you see stalking the surface — a deep underwater canyon that concentrates the strength of the waves, then slams them into suddenly shallow waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, first you’ve got really deep water,” Micah Sklut, forecaster and founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.swellinfo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Swellinfo.com\u003c/a>, told Neuman at the time, “and then as it approaches the shore it gets very shallow, and that enables the waves to climb really, really big all of a sudden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, Koxa wasn’t the only surfer to win a Big Wave Award on Saturday. Breathtaking rides by several other surfers earned honors as well. That includes prizes for \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/aoXFglyfKP8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best overall performance\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/rKS7epeBQnA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best paddle\u003c/a> (for paddling into the wave, rather than using a Jet Ski) and naturally, \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/KDHxfiCJfog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best wipeout\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happily, you can watch all of them below and check out \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldsurfleague.com/bigwaveawards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">all of the nominees here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Ride of the Year and Tube of the Year (at Jaws in Maui)\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/6_xSWTZFMg4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/6_xSWTZFMg4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Paddle of the Year: Aaron Gold (at Jaws)\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/rKS7epeBQnA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/rKS7epeBQnA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Women’s Overall Performance of the Year: Paige Alms (at Jaws)\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/aoXFglyfKP8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/aoXFglyfKP8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Men’s Overall Performance of the Year: Lucas Chianca (at Nazaré)\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/oCeYT3izBiY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/oCeYT3izBiY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Wipeout of the Year: Andrew Cotton (at Nazaré)\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/KDHxfiCJfog'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/KDHxfiCJfog'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Democrats Push for Internal Documents on 2020 Census Citizenship Question",
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"content": "\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers are calling for a subpoena to force the U.S. Census Bureau and Commerce Department to release internal documents about the decision to add a controversial citizenship question to forms for the upcoming national headcount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes two weeks before a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/11/601685600/house-to-hold-hearing-on-controversial-census-citizenship-question\">congressional oversight hearing on the 2020 census\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe these documents are critical for our Committee,\" write all 18 Democrats on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee in a letter to its chairman, Republican Rep. Trey Gowdy of South Carolina, \"to understand the concerns raised internally by career experts at the Census Bureau itself about the dangers of adding this untested new citizenship question to the census — as well as why the Trump Administration disregarded these concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Census Bureau is part of the Commerce Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Commerce Department spokesperson has previously told NPR the documents will not be released until after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/11/601685600/house-to-hold-hearing-on-controversial-census-citizenship-question\">May 8 hearing\u003c/a>. The agency is preparing to release them publicly after its attorneys file them later next month at the federal courts that are hearing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/17/603158922/two-more-lawsuits-join-legal-fight-over-2020-census-citizenship-question\">lawsuits against the citizenship question\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/30/598123579/democrats-call-for-senate-hearing-over-2020-census-and-citizenship-question\">Sen. Kamala Harris of California\u003c/a> and other Democrats on the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.hsgac.senate.gov/issues/census\">oversight of the U.S. Census Bureau\u003c/a>, have previously made requests for these documents. NPR has filed Freedom of Information Act requests for them as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gowdy's communications director Amanda Gonzalez declined to comment on the Democrats' letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Gonzalez has declined to comment on whether a subpoena would be issued for the documents to be released in time for the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrats' letter notes that regardless of the legal fight over the citizenship question, members of Congress have \"an independent responsibility under the Constitution to conduct oversight of the census.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers — including the House oversight committee's top Democrat, Rep. Elijah Cummings of Maryland — have been raising concerns about the citizenship question since it was first announced by Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross in late March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross approved a last-minute request to add a citizenship question from the Justice Department. The DOJ says the question is needed to get a better count of voting-age citizens in order to enforce the Voting Rights Act's provisions against voting discrimination of racial and language minority groups. Since the civil rights law was enacted in 1965, the DOJ has relied on estimates of U.S. citizens rather than official counts by the census. Those who have criticized the addition of the citizenship question say those estimates are adequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data are used for reapportioning seats in Congress, drawing legislative districts and distributing an estimated $800 billion a year in federal funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cummings and other Democrats have cited \u003ca href=\"https://www2.census.gov/cac/nac/meetings/2017-11/Meyers-NAC-Confidentiality-Presentation.pdf\">research by the Census Bureau\u003c/a> suggesting that asking about citizenship could \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/10/575145554/adding-citizenship-question-risks-bad-count-for-2020-census-experts-warn\">discourage immigrants and communities of color\u003c/a> from participating in the census — a national headcount of every person living in the U.S. required by the Constitution every 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers are calling for a subpoena to force the U.S. Census Bureau and Commerce Department to release internal documents about the decision to add a controversial citizenship question to forms for the upcoming national headcount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes two weeks before a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/11/601685600/house-to-hold-hearing-on-controversial-census-citizenship-question\">congressional oversight hearing on the 2020 census\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe these documents are critical for our Committee,\" write all 18 Democrats on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee in a letter to its chairman, Republican Rep. Trey Gowdy of South Carolina, \"to understand the concerns raised internally by career experts at the Census Bureau itself about the dangers of adding this untested new citizenship question to the census — as well as why the Trump Administration disregarded these concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Census Bureau is part of the Commerce Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Commerce Department spokesperson has previously told NPR the documents will not be released until after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/11/601685600/house-to-hold-hearing-on-controversial-census-citizenship-question\">May 8 hearing\u003c/a>. The agency is preparing to release them publicly after its attorneys file them later next month at the federal courts that are hearing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/17/603158922/two-more-lawsuits-join-legal-fight-over-2020-census-citizenship-question\">lawsuits against the citizenship question\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/30/598123579/democrats-call-for-senate-hearing-over-2020-census-and-citizenship-question\">Sen. Kamala Harris of California\u003c/a> and other Democrats on the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.hsgac.senate.gov/issues/census\">oversight of the U.S. Census Bureau\u003c/a>, have previously made requests for these documents. NPR has filed Freedom of Information Act requests for them as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gowdy's communications director Amanda Gonzalez declined to comment on the Democrats' letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, Gonzalez has declined to comment on whether a subpoena would be issued for the documents to be released in time for the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrats' letter notes that regardless of the legal fight over the citizenship question, members of Congress have \"an independent responsibility under the Constitution to conduct oversight of the census.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers — including the House oversight committee's top Democrat, Rep. Elijah Cummings of Maryland — have been raising concerns about the citizenship question since it was first announced by Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross in late March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross approved a last-minute request to add a citizenship question from the Justice Department. The DOJ says the question is needed to get a better count of voting-age citizens in order to enforce the Voting Rights Act's provisions against voting discrimination of racial and language minority groups. Since the civil rights law was enacted in 1965, the DOJ has relied on estimates of U.S. citizens rather than official counts by the census. Those who have criticized the addition of the citizenship question say those estimates are adequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data are used for reapportioning seats in Congress, drawing legislative districts and distributing an estimated $800 billion a year in federal funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cummings and other Democrats have cited \u003ca href=\"https://www2.census.gov/cac/nac/meetings/2017-11/Meyers-NAC-Confidentiality-Presentation.pdf\">research by the Census Bureau\u003c/a> suggesting that asking about citizenship could \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/10/575145554/adding-citizenship-question-risks-bad-count-for-2020-census-experts-warn\">discourage immigrants and communities of color\u003c/a> from participating in the census — a national headcount of every person living in the U.S. required by the Constitution every 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Updates Community Standards, Expands Appeals Process",
"title": "Facebook Updates Community Standards, Expands Appeals Process",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Facebook announced changes to its content review policy Tuesday, adding an appeals process for removed content and releasing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards#attacks-on-public-figures\">internal guidelines\u003c/a> it relies on to make content determinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the social media giant has listed a set of publicly available community standards for several years, the latest update includes the more detailed guidelines that content reviewers use internally when deciding whether to allow or remove posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/04/comprehensive-community-standards/\">appeals process \u003c/a>will allow posters of removed photos, videos or posts to contest determinations they feel were wrongly made. Previously, appeals of community standards determinations were allowed only when a Facebook page, group or profile was removed entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been hesitant to reveal details of its content review policy in the past. But the company says Tuesday's announcement is part of its promise to \"do better\" and be more transparent about how it decides what stays up and what gets taken down. The changes come just weeks after CEO Mark Zuckerberg was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/10/601268117/facebook-founder-and-ceo-mark-zuckerberg-testifies-on-capitol-hill\">grilled on Capitol Hill\u003c/a> about Facebook's alleged censorship of conservative viewpoints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg was asked by multiple lawmakers during his marathon testimony about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/15/602494594/facebook-admits-enforcement-error-in-how-it-handled-content-from-pro-trump-duo\">\"Diamond and Silk,\"\u003c/a> two pro-Trump commentators who claim Facebook intentionally limited their presence on the site because of their political views. Zuckerberg apologized, calling the situation an \"enforcement error\" on Facebook's part, but the controversy raised questions about what type of content Facebook restricts and how it makes those decisions. Diamond and Silk are themselves set to \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/hearing/full-committee-hearing-filtering-practices-of-social-media-platforms/\">testify before Congress\u003c/a> later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Granular Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The newly released standards are a stark departure from Facebook's prior guidance, which had been crafted to express the company's values and priorities in a way that did not overwhelm readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always had a set of community standards that the public can see,\" Facebook Vice President Monika Bickert told NPR's Steve Inskeep, \"but now we're actually explaining how we define those terms for our review teams and how we enforce those policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new explanations are nothing if not comprehensive. They detail dozens of reasons posts can be removed and read more like the product of a team of lawyers than the words of an upstart tech company. The standards outline methods for categorizing content and provide specific definitions for terms like \"hate speech,\" \"terrorism\" and \"threats of violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People define those things in different ways,\" Bickert said, \"and people who are using Facebook want to know how we define it and I think that's fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/605107093/605176194\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some objectionable content is classified into tiers, with Facebook's response matching the severity of the violation. Other content is removed if it satisfies multiple conditions in a point-like system. A threat of violence, for example, can be deemed \"credible\" and removed if it provides a target and \"two or more of the following: location, timing, method.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, other standards target particular categories of offensive posts. Content that \"promotes, encourages, coordinates, or provides instructions\" for eating disorders or self-harm are specifically mentioned. And under its \"harassment\" section, Facebook says it will not tolerate claims that survivors of traumatic events are \"paid or employed to mislead people about their role in the event.\" Other standards prohibit advertising drugs, revealing the identities of undercover law enforcement officers, and depicting graphic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Context Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes to judging content, though, context is crucial. Facebook has been criticized in the past for its blundering approach to community moderation. In 2016, for example, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/09/493267919/after-facebook-censors-iconic-photo-norwegian-newspaper-pushes-back\">reversed its decision\u003c/a> to remove a post containing the Pulitzer-winning \"napalm girl\" photo, which depicted a nude and burned child in the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bickert says that example proves that exceptions are needed for newsworthy and culturally significant content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's updated standards now list some exceptions for depictions of adult nudity, including \"acts of protests,\" \"breast-feeding\" and \"post-mastectomy scarring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, questions remain over Facebook's content moderation program. Despite Zuckerberg's stated desire to use artificial intelligence to flag offensive content, the process remains very human. According to Bickert, the company has over 7,500 moderators who are stationed around the globe and work 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But conversations with those moderators paint a much bleaker image of Facebook's processes than the one Bickert provides. In 2016, NPR's Aarti Shahani \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\">detailed a workforce\u003c/a> comprised primarily of subcontractors who are stationed in distant countries and asked to review large quantities of posts every shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to imagine how someone located thousands of miles away, who grew up in a different culture, and who is under immense pressure to review as many posts as possible, might mess up.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Appeal of Appeals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook is seeking to address that problem with its new appeals system. Now, if your post is removed for \"nudity, sexual activity, hate speech, or violence\" you will be presented with a chance to request a review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook promises that appeals will be reviewed within 24 hours by its Community Operations team. But it remains unclear what relationship the team has with Facebook and with its first-line reviewers. If appeals are reviewed under the same conditions that initial content decisions are made, the process may be nothing more than an empty gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook points out that the content review and appeals process is just one way to clean up your experience on the site. Users have the ability to unilaterally block, unfollow, or hide posts or posters they don't want to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the social media giant, it's a question of balance. Balance between free speech and user safety. Balance between curbing \"fake news\" and encouraging open political discourse. And balance between Facebook's obligation to serve as a steward of a welcoming environment and the realities of running a for-profit, publicly owned corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do try to allow as much speech as possible,\" Bickert said, \"and we know sometimes that might make people uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says that Tuesday's announcements are just one step in a continuous process of improvement and adjustment to its standards and policies. How much of an improvement this step represents remains to be seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook announced changes to its content review policy Tuesday, adding an appeals process for removed content and releasing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards#attacks-on-public-figures\">internal guidelines\u003c/a> it relies on to make content determinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the social media giant has listed a set of publicly available community standards for several years, the latest update includes the more detailed guidelines that content reviewers use internally when deciding whether to allow or remove posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/04/comprehensive-community-standards/\">appeals process \u003c/a>will allow posters of removed photos, videos or posts to contest determinations they feel were wrongly made. Previously, appeals of community standards determinations were allowed only when a Facebook page, group or profile was removed entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been hesitant to reveal details of its content review policy in the past. But the company says Tuesday's announcement is part of its promise to \"do better\" and be more transparent about how it decides what stays up and what gets taken down. The changes come just weeks after CEO Mark Zuckerberg was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/10/601268117/facebook-founder-and-ceo-mark-zuckerberg-testifies-on-capitol-hill\">grilled on Capitol Hill\u003c/a> about Facebook's alleged censorship of conservative viewpoints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg was asked by multiple lawmakers during his marathon testimony about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/15/602494594/facebook-admits-enforcement-error-in-how-it-handled-content-from-pro-trump-duo\">\"Diamond and Silk,\"\u003c/a> two pro-Trump commentators who claim Facebook intentionally limited their presence on the site because of their political views. Zuckerberg apologized, calling the situation an \"enforcement error\" on Facebook's part, but the controversy raised questions about what type of content Facebook restricts and how it makes those decisions. Diamond and Silk are themselves set to \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/hearing/full-committee-hearing-filtering-practices-of-social-media-platforms/\">testify before Congress\u003c/a> later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Granular Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The newly released standards are a stark departure from Facebook's prior guidance, which had been crafted to express the company's values and priorities in a way that did not overwhelm readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always had a set of community standards that the public can see,\" Facebook Vice President Monika Bickert told NPR's Steve Inskeep, \"but now we're actually explaining how we define those terms for our review teams and how we enforce those policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new explanations are nothing if not comprehensive. They detail dozens of reasons posts can be removed and read more like the product of a team of lawyers than the words of an upstart tech company. The standards outline methods for categorizing content and provide specific definitions for terms like \"hate speech,\" \"terrorism\" and \"threats of violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People define those things in different ways,\" Bickert said, \"and people who are using Facebook want to know how we define it and I think that's fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/605107093/605176194\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some objectionable content is classified into tiers, with Facebook's response matching the severity of the violation. Other content is removed if it satisfies multiple conditions in a point-like system. A threat of violence, for example, can be deemed \"credible\" and removed if it provides a target and \"two or more of the following: location, timing, method.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, other standards target particular categories of offensive posts. Content that \"promotes, encourages, coordinates, or provides instructions\" for eating disorders or self-harm are specifically mentioned. And under its \"harassment\" section, Facebook says it will not tolerate claims that survivors of traumatic events are \"paid or employed to mislead people about their role in the event.\" Other standards prohibit advertising drugs, revealing the identities of undercover law enforcement officers, and depicting graphic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Context Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes to judging content, though, context is crucial. Facebook has been criticized in the past for its blundering approach to community moderation. In 2016, for example, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/09/493267919/after-facebook-censors-iconic-photo-norwegian-newspaper-pushes-back\">reversed its decision\u003c/a> to remove a post containing the Pulitzer-winning \"napalm girl\" photo, which depicted a nude and burned child in the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bickert says that example proves that exceptions are needed for newsworthy and culturally significant content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's updated standards now list some exceptions for depictions of adult nudity, including \"acts of protests,\" \"breast-feeding\" and \"post-mastectomy scarring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, questions remain over Facebook's content moderation program. Despite Zuckerberg's stated desire to use artificial intelligence to flag offensive content, the process remains very human. According to Bickert, the company has over 7,500 moderators who are stationed around the globe and work 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But conversations with those moderators paint a much bleaker image of Facebook's processes than the one Bickert provides. In 2016, NPR's Aarti Shahani \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\">detailed a workforce\u003c/a> comprised primarily of subcontractors who are stationed in distant countries and asked to review large quantities of posts every shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to imagine how someone located thousands of miles away, who grew up in a different culture, and who is under immense pressure to review as many posts as possible, might mess up.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Appeal of Appeals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook is seeking to address that problem with its new appeals system. Now, if your post is removed for \"nudity, sexual activity, hate speech, or violence\" you will be presented with a chance to request a review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook promises that appeals will be reviewed within 24 hours by its Community Operations team. But it remains unclear what relationship the team has with Facebook and with its first-line reviewers. If appeals are reviewed under the same conditions that initial content decisions are made, the process may be nothing more than an empty gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook points out that the content review and appeals process is just one way to clean up your experience on the site. Users have the ability to unilaterally block, unfollow, or hide posts or posters they don't want to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the social media giant, it's a question of balance. Balance between free speech and user safety. Balance between curbing \"fake news\" and encouraging open political discourse. And balance between Facebook's obligation to serve as a steward of a welcoming environment and the realities of running a for-profit, publicly owned corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do try to allow as much speech as possible,\" Bickert said, \"and we know sometimes that might make people uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says that Tuesday's announcements are just one step in a continuous process of improvement and adjustment to its standards and policies. How much of an improvement this step represents remains to be seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "For One California Company, Trump's Tariffs Have Unintended Consequences",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the struggling canned goods industry, Pacific Coast Producers is a survivor, taking some 700,000 tons of fruit grown by California farmers each year and canning it for sale in supermarkets and large institutions such as hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year the company, based in Lodi, is facing another challenge that promises to make turning a profit that much harder: President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/08/591744195/trump-expected-to-formally-order-tariffs-on-steel-aluminum-imports\">tariffs on steel imports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That one cost increase is more than half of what we make,\" says Dan Vincent, the company's president and chief executive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Coast Producers' plight underscores some of the unintended consequences of the Trump administration's decision last month to impose 25 percent tariffs on steel and aluminum imported from other countries. The administration said the tariffs were needed to protect domestic sources of the metals, which are vital for national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tariffs will help steelmakers compete by allowing them to raise their prices, but companies that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/23/587898827/trump-trade-action-could-boost-steel-and-aluminum-makers-hurt-others-industries\">rely on imported steel products\u003c/a>, such as Pacific Coast Producers, will see their costs rise, says Edward Alden, senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's why tariffs are a risky strategy in a truly global economy,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Coast Producers buys the cans it uses from domestic manufacturers. They are made with steel coated in something called tinplate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. steel manufacturers tend not to sell a lot of tinplate, because it's not very profitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's not a great deal of capacity that's dedicated to tinplate steel for food cans,\" says Robert Budway, president of the Can Manufacturers Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/603298380/604119838\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, U.S. can makers — who sell more than 20 billion cans a year for food products alone — have to import much of the tinplate they use from places such as Europe and Japan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has given temporary exemptions to many steel producing countries. Exemptions for Canada and Mexico are contingent on the outcome of ongoing trade negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for now it's unclear how can manufacturers will be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the tariffs do apply to tinplate, it will almost certainly drive up costs for can-makers, which will be passed on to companies such as Pacific Coast Producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much will their costs rise? Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross says the extra expense \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/09/592229747/trump-commerce-secretary-says-warnings-about-tariffs-are-overhyped\">will be negligible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vincent sees things differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He notes that the cost of steel makes up about 20 percent of his company's annual expenses of about $355 million. A 25 percent tariff on steel could thus end up costing the company about $17 million. Its annual profit is about $24 million, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no guarantee the tariffs will end up costing that much, since the Trump administration could end up exempting some of the countries that now sell tinplate\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a low-margin business, beset by imports from places such as China and a growing consumer preference for fresh produce, even a small increase can hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vincent points out another irony about the tariffs: Foreign companies that import products such as canned peaches into the United States won't face the same cost increase, because they aren't subject to the tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They won't hurt our Chinese competitors at all, because they import a finished good. That's classified as canned peaches. That's not classified as steel. So a steel tariff doesn't apply,\" Vincent says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+One+California+Company%2C+Trump%27s+Tariffs+Have+Unintended+Consequences&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the struggling canned goods industry, Pacific Coast Producers is a survivor, taking some 700,000 tons of fruit grown by California farmers each year and canning it for sale in supermarkets and large institutions such as hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year the company, based in Lodi, is facing another challenge that promises to make turning a profit that much harder: President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/08/591744195/trump-expected-to-formally-order-tariffs-on-steel-aluminum-imports\">tariffs on steel imports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That one cost increase is more than half of what we make,\" says Dan Vincent, the company's president and chief executive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Coast Producers' plight underscores some of the unintended consequences of the Trump administration's decision last month to impose 25 percent tariffs on steel and aluminum imported from other countries. The administration said the tariffs were needed to protect domestic sources of the metals, which are vital for national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tariffs will help steelmakers compete by allowing them to raise their prices, but companies that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/23/587898827/trump-trade-action-could-boost-steel-and-aluminum-makers-hurt-others-industries\">rely on imported steel products\u003c/a>, such as Pacific Coast Producers, will see their costs rise, says Edward Alden, senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's why tariffs are a risky strategy in a truly global economy,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Coast Producers buys the cans it uses from domestic manufacturers. They are made with steel coated in something called tinplate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. steel manufacturers tend not to sell a lot of tinplate, because it's not very profitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's not a great deal of capacity that's dedicated to tinplate steel for food cans,\" says Robert Budway, president of the Can Manufacturers Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/603298380/604119838\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, U.S. can makers — who sell more than 20 billion cans a year for food products alone — have to import much of the tinplate they use from places such as Europe and Japan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has given temporary exemptions to many steel producing countries. Exemptions for Canada and Mexico are contingent on the outcome of ongoing trade negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for now it's unclear how can manufacturers will be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the tariffs do apply to tinplate, it will almost certainly drive up costs for can-makers, which will be passed on to companies such as Pacific Coast Producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much will their costs rise? Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross says the extra expense \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/09/592229747/trump-commerce-secretary-says-warnings-about-tariffs-are-overhyped\">will be negligible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vincent sees things differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He notes that the cost of steel makes up about 20 percent of his company's annual expenses of about $355 million. A 25 percent tariff on steel could thus end up costing the company about $17 million. Its annual profit is about $24 million, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no guarantee the tariffs will end up costing that much, since the Trump administration could end up exempting some of the countries that now sell tinplate\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a low-margin business, beset by imports from places such as China and a growing consumer preference for fresh produce, even a small increase can hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vincent points out another irony about the tariffs: Foreign companies that import products such as canned peaches into the United States won't face the same cost increase, because they aren't subject to the tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They won't hurt our Chinese competitors at all, because they import a finished good. That's classified as canned peaches. That's not classified as steel. So a steel tariff doesn't apply,\" Vincent says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=For+One+California+Company%2C+Trump%27s+Tariffs+Have+Unintended+Consequences&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Political brawls over voting laws have consumed states across the country for the past decade. But below the surface, a movement to automatically register eligible voters to vote is rapidly gaining traction. By next year, more than a quarter of all Americans will live in states where they no longer have to fill out registration forms in order to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest state to implement automatic voter registration is California, which had been scheduled to start on Monday although it's been delayed while officials conduct more testing. Everyone who meets the legal requirements to vote in California will be automatically registered when they update their driver's license or state ID at the Department of Motor Vehicles, a move that election officials expect will help move some of the more than 6 million eligible, but unregistered, residents onto the state's voter rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California is the largest and most populous state in the country to adopt automatic voter registration (known as AVR), a dozen states and the District of Columbia have also taken it up since 2015, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/automatic-voter-registration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a review by the Brennan Center\u003c/a> for Justice at New York University's law school. Just this month, lawmakers in Maryland and New Jersey approved AVR, and Massachusetts could soon join the list with more than a dozen additional states considering the shift. In Nevada, the issue is on the ballot in this November's election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11663332\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"790\" height=\"637\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register.jpg 790w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-240x194.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-375x302.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-520x419.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that it's a simple, common-sense approach,\" said Natalie Tennant, who is a former West Virginia secretary of state and now affiliated with the Brennan Center. While she was in office, West Virginia became the third state in the country to pass automatic voter registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many voting rights laws have sparked controversy over the last decade, this voting policy is seen by many as bipartisan — a mechanism that modernizes the voting system and saves taxpayer dollars. In Georgia, for example, the switch was approved administratively by the Department of Driver Services in 2016 during Secretary of State Brian Kemp's time in office. Kemp, a Republican, is now running for governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, eligible applicants who complete a driver's license, ID card or change of address transaction with the DMV will be automatically registered to vote unless they choose to opt out. The current voter registration system requires residents to fill out a separate form. In some states that register voters automatically, state agencies, such as the health insurance exchange or social service agencies, will also add previously unregistered voters to the rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One argument proponents make is that automated registration streamlines voter registration, reducing the number of paper forms required and the amount of government staff time needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want efficiency in our government and this is certainly a way to get it,\" Tennant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To assuage Republican fears about voter fraud, supporters of AVR also argue the system makes voter rolls more accurate and up-to-date, reducing the chance that ineligible voters can cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, opponents have raised concerns that people who are legally ineligible to vote could be registered under AVR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Election officials say there are steps in place to protect against that. California, for example, allows undocumented residents to get driver's licenses — state officials announced earlier this month that more than a million such cards have been issued since the law went into effect in 2015. But undocumented residents will be ineligible to register to vote, and state law prohibits California's DMV from submitting their information to the secretary of state's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new application includes a series of eligibility questions that ask whether an applicant is a U.S. citizen, a resident of California, at least 18 years old, not currently in state or federal prison or on parole for a felony conviction, and whether he or she has been found mentally incompetent to vote by a court. Voter registration data received from the DMV are also checked against existing records in California's statewide voter registration database, according to Sam Mahood, press secretary for California's Secretary of State Alex Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to automatic voter registration could bring millions of new voters into the political process. In California, as many as 2 million additional voters could be registered ahead of the 2020 election, according to estimates by Paul Mitchell, the vice president of the bipartisan data vendor Political Data. The latest registration report in California shows there are 18,980,481 registered voters in the state as of early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overall this should have a rather significant increase in voter registrations. Whether that correlates to turnout is a different question,\" Mitchell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell points out registering to vote doesn't guarantee people will take time to vote, but says it does remove an administrative hurdle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, the first state to pass automated voter registration back in 2015, there have been some early signs that the change may be increasing turnout. About 100,000 voters who were registered through the new system showed up to vote in 2016. The state saw a 4 percent increase in voter turnout from 2012 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 KPCC. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpcc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Political brawls over voting laws have consumed states across the country for the past decade. But below the surface, a movement to automatically register eligible voters to vote is rapidly gaining traction. By next year, more than a quarter of all Americans will live in states where they no longer have to fill out registration forms in order to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest state to implement automatic voter registration is California, which had been scheduled to start on Monday although it's been delayed while officials conduct more testing. Everyone who meets the legal requirements to vote in California will be automatically registered when they update their driver's license or state ID at the Department of Motor Vehicles, a move that election officials expect will help move some of the more than 6 million eligible, but unregistered, residents onto the state's voter rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California is the largest and most populous state in the country to adopt automatic voter registration (known as AVR), a dozen states and the District of Columbia have also taken it up since 2015, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/automatic-voter-registration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a review by the Brennan Center\u003c/a> for Justice at New York University's law school. Just this month, lawmakers in Maryland and New Jersey approved AVR, and Massachusetts could soon join the list with more than a dozen additional states considering the shift. In Nevada, the issue is on the ballot in this November's election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11663332\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"790\" height=\"637\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register.jpg 790w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-240x194.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-375x302.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/NPR-vote-register-520x419.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that it's a simple, common-sense approach,\" said Natalie Tennant, who is a former West Virginia secretary of state and now affiliated with the Brennan Center. While she was in office, West Virginia became the third state in the country to pass automatic voter registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many voting rights laws have sparked controversy over the last decade, this voting policy is seen by many as bipartisan — a mechanism that modernizes the voting system and saves taxpayer dollars. In Georgia, for example, the switch was approved administratively by the Department of Driver Services in 2016 during Secretary of State Brian Kemp's time in office. Kemp, a Republican, is now running for governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, eligible applicants who complete a driver's license, ID card or change of address transaction with the DMV will be automatically registered to vote unless they choose to opt out. The current voter registration system requires residents to fill out a separate form. In some states that register voters automatically, state agencies, such as the health insurance exchange or social service agencies, will also add previously unregistered voters to the rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One argument proponents make is that automated registration streamlines voter registration, reducing the number of paper forms required and the amount of government staff time needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want efficiency in our government and this is certainly a way to get it,\" Tennant said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To assuage Republican fears about voter fraud, supporters of AVR also argue the system makes voter rolls more accurate and up-to-date, reducing the chance that ineligible voters can cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, opponents have raised concerns that people who are legally ineligible to vote could be registered under AVR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Election officials say there are steps in place to protect against that. California, for example, allows undocumented residents to get driver's licenses — state officials announced earlier this month that more than a million such cards have been issued since the law went into effect in 2015. But undocumented residents will be ineligible to register to vote, and state law prohibits California's DMV from submitting their information to the secretary of state's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new application includes a series of eligibility questions that ask whether an applicant is a U.S. citizen, a resident of California, at least 18 years old, not currently in state or federal prison or on parole for a felony conviction, and whether he or she has been found mentally incompetent to vote by a court. Voter registration data received from the DMV are also checked against existing records in California's statewide voter registration database, according to Sam Mahood, press secretary for California's Secretary of State Alex Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift to automatic voter registration could bring millions of new voters into the political process. In California, as many as 2 million additional voters could be registered ahead of the 2020 election, according to estimates by Paul Mitchell, the vice president of the bipartisan data vendor Political Data. The latest registration report in California shows there are 18,980,481 registered voters in the state as of early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overall this should have a rather significant increase in voter registrations. Whether that correlates to turnout is a different question,\" Mitchell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell points out registering to vote doesn't guarantee people will take time to vote, but says it does remove an administrative hurdle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oregon, the first state to pass automated voter registration back in 2015, there have been some early signs that the change may be increasing turnout. About 100,000 voters who were registered through the new system showed up to vote in 2016. The state saw a 4 percent increase in voter turnout from 2012 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 KPCC. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpcc.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A strong breeze can toss around all sorts of detritus, but for residents of one California community on the edge of the Mojave Desert, where area gusts \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?new&wfo=sgx&sid=SGX&pil=PNS\">topped 50 mph\u003c/a> Monday, it was tumbleweeds at the whims of the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of tumbleweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It looked like a war of tumbleweeds, like we were being invaded,\" Victorville resident Bryan Bagwell, 42, tells NPR. He says cleanup in Victorville, about an 85-mile drive from Los Angeles, was continuing Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of homes in his neighborhood, which borders an undeveloped tract of desert land, were seemingly swallowed up by mounds of the dry brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell says the buildup reached 7 feet high on his own property and that it took a laborer several hours with a pitchfork to move the tumbleweeds to the street for the city to pick up with a front loader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says he witnessed worse for some neighbors, whose \"front of houses disappeared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/DobisDaily/status/986320618629939200\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sue Jones, public information officer for the City of Victorville, tells NPR that about 100 homes in the neighborhood required help after having their entryways at least partially blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We responded all hands on deck to go out and assist them,\" Jones says, noting that typically it would be homeowners' responsibility to clean up private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Monday, several city divisions pitched in, including from the San Bernardino County Fire Department, to get rid of the tumbleweeds that Jones likens \"to Legos: They stick together, so they create a wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wall that makes for easy kindling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We saw it as a safety hazard as well as potential fire hazard,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell says that while Monday's incident was bad, it wasn't unique because for the past year and a half, tumbleweeds have been blowing into the neighborhood \"at least once a month.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have been allowed to proliferate on land nearby that is privately owned and undeveloped, Bagwell says. So whenever the wind kicks up, they become his and his neighbors' unwelcome guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says the city has reached out to the landowners \"to try to get them to abate the weeds and be more proactive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/tina_patel/status/986076306587578368\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A nuisance to some, tumbleweed to others might evoke cinematic scenes of the American West. However, it actually comes from a plant called Russian thistle (although the term tumbleweed can also refer to a range of plants that dry up, break off and blow in the wind).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seeds \u003ca href=\"https://www.usu.edu/weeds/plant_species/weedspecies/russianthis.html\">are thought\u003c/a> to have arrived in the U.S. via contaminated flaxseed from Russia in the 19th century. The plant took to its new home and then some, spreading fast across much of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2013/12/the-weed-that-won-the-west/\">National Geographic reports\u003c/a> the invasive species is \"ubiquitous in the West,\" breaking off each winter when the plant dies and capable of spreading up to 250,000 seeds as it rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stories about towns \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/video/tumbleweeds-bury-new-mexico-town/\">being buried in tumbleweeds\u003c/a> crop up from time to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/la-me-0925-tumbleweed-20140925-story.html\">the Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> reported on an infestation across Southern California, noting that it gets worse during dry periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell, who has lived in Victorville since 2011, says it has gotten so bad that he has considered moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of like having a rosebush get tossed in your yard,\" he says, minus the benefit of the blooms. He says prickly parts break off and \"get stuck in your shoes, they get on your carpet. ... It's just a nightmare.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Bagwell says it's just a matter of time before the next round rolls in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Houses+Disappeared%27+When+Tumbleweeds+Rolled+Into+This+California+City&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A resident of Victorville says tumbleweeds roll in whenever a strong wind kicks up but that this latest round felt \"like we were being invaded.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A strong breeze can toss around all sorts of detritus, but for residents of one California community on the edge of the Mojave Desert, where area gusts \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?new&wfo=sgx&sid=SGX&pil=PNS\">topped 50 mph\u003c/a> Monday, it was tumbleweeds at the whims of the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of tumbleweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It looked like a war of tumbleweeds, like we were being invaded,\" Victorville resident Bryan Bagwell, 42, tells NPR. He says cleanup in Victorville, about an 85-mile drive from Los Angeles, was continuing Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of homes in his neighborhood, which borders an undeveloped tract of desert land, were seemingly swallowed up by mounds of the dry brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell says the buildup reached 7 feet high on his own property and that it took a laborer several hours with a pitchfork to move the tumbleweeds to the street for the city to pick up with a front loader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sue Jones, public information officer for the City of Victorville, tells NPR that about 100 homes in the neighborhood required help after having their entryways at least partially blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We responded all hands on deck to go out and assist them,\" Jones says, noting that typically it would be homeowners' responsibility to clean up private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Monday, several city divisions pitched in, including from the San Bernardino County Fire Department, to get rid of the tumbleweeds that Jones likens \"to Legos: They stick together, so they create a wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wall that makes for easy kindling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We saw it as a safety hazard as well as potential fire hazard,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell says that while Monday's incident was bad, it wasn't unique because for the past year and a half, tumbleweeds have been blowing into the neighborhood \"at least once a month.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have been allowed to proliferate on land nearby that is privately owned and undeveloped, Bagwell says. So whenever the wind kicks up, they become his and his neighbors' unwelcome guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones says the city has reached out to the landowners \"to try to get them to abate the weeds and be more proactive.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>A nuisance to some, tumbleweed to others might evoke cinematic scenes of the American West. However, it actually comes from a plant called Russian thistle (although the term tumbleweed can also refer to a range of plants that dry up, break off and blow in the wind).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seeds \u003ca href=\"https://www.usu.edu/weeds/plant_species/weedspecies/russianthis.html\">are thought\u003c/a> to have arrived in the U.S. via contaminated flaxseed from Russia in the 19th century. The plant took to its new home and then some, spreading fast across much of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2013/12/the-weed-that-won-the-west/\">National Geographic reports\u003c/a> the invasive species is \"ubiquitous in the West,\" breaking off each winter when the plant dies and capable of spreading up to 250,000 seeds as it rolls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stories about towns \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/video/tumbleweeds-bury-new-mexico-town/\">being buried in tumbleweeds\u003c/a> crop up from time to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/la-me-0925-tumbleweed-20140925-story.html\">the Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> reported on an infestation across Southern California, noting that it gets worse during dry periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bagwell, who has lived in Victorville since 2011, says it has gotten so bad that he has considered moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of like having a rosebush get tossed in your yard,\" he says, minus the benefit of the blooms. He says prickly parts break off and \"get stuck in your shoes, they get on your carpet. ... It's just a nightmare.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Bagwell says it's just a matter of time before the next round rolls in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Houses+Disappeared%27+When+Tumbleweeds+Rolled+Into+This+California+City&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California's Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness",
"title": "California's Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Family photos, Bible verse decals and wedding mementos adorn Jimmy Mejia and Patty Garrido's living room walls. Despite their efforts, the decorations can't mask the unpatched holes in the ceiling and the roaches that crawl around their kitchen. In one corner, there's a hole where the sheetrock caved in after a recent storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heater doesn't work, so in the winter it's really hard. It gets really cold here,\" Mejia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/601970552/602864490\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejia and Garrido have four daughters and a fifth on the way. They both work full time as assistant managers of a local pizza chain and pay $1,600 a month to rent their cramped three-bedroom apartment just blocks from the University of Southern California campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After living in these conditions for the past four years, they found out in late 2017 that the building was sold and all the tenants were getting evicted. Mejia and Garrido have been frantically searching for new housing in Los Angeles ever since, a difficult task in a city where neighborhoods are exploding with gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662583\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jimmy Mejia and Patty Garrido's South Los Angeles apartment building was sold in late 2017. The new owners are going to redevelop the property and all the tenants are being evicted. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Everything is so expensive,\" Garrido said. \"We saw a house, it was only three bedrooms, and it was $3,800.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Mejia and Garrido considered moving 60 to 70 miles outside the city where the housing is cheaper, their commute would take hours and they have only one car. Plus, it's not easy leaving a place that's home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have our church, we have our family, school, my daughter has been in the same area since pre-K,\" Garrido said. \"She's doing pretty good, she's in honors classes, so I don't want to move her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejia and Garrido know they're living right on the brink of homelessness, even though they're both employed and can afford to pay their bills and make rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are we going to have to stay in our car for a few days? Are we going to have to get a hotel? I mean, we don't know,\" Garrido said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662584\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662584\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patty Garrido worries about where her family's going to sleep if they lose their eviction case in court. \u003ccite>(Linda Wang/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Their crisis is not unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, 600,000 people are considered \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/sites/jchs.harvard.edu/files/harvard_jchs_state_of_the_nations_housing_2017_chap6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severely rent burdened\u003c/a>,\" which means they spend half their income on rent. More than 8,000 people became homeless here for the first time last year, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=1915-2017-homeless-count-full-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are reaching levels of inequality that we have not seen since the Gilded Age,\" said Tracy Rosenthal of the Los Angeles Tenants Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union helps organize tenant boycotts against things like rent increases and gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal says it's time for the government to intervene with a heavy hand. People working full-time jobs are being put out on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent Zillow\u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/research/rents-larger-homeless-population-16124/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> study\u003c/a> showed that for every 5 percent increase in rent in Los Angeles, nearly 2,000 people could become homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a shortage of fairness, not a shortage of homes,\" Rosenthal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many housing advocates say the quickest fix is rent control, but \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&division=3.&title=5.&part=4.&chapter=2.7.&article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state law\u003c/a> puts tight restrictions on a local city's ability to implement it. Los Angeles has \u003ca href=\"http://hcidla.lacity.org/RSO-Overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rent control\u003c/a> but only on certain units built before 1978.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rent control has long been a touchy political topic in California, where developers are seen as having considerable clout from Sacramento to L.A. City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you want to know California right now, this will make or break this state,\" said Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti during an interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the city needs more housing for all income levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662586\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti says that how California's housing crisis is handled will make or break the state. \u003ccite>(Charlie Neibergall/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"If we don't solve our affordable housing crisis, at the bottom end, this homelessness epidemic will continue. At the top end, the middle class will leave,\" Garcetti said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcetti says reforms are happening, however, after years of political gridlock and budget fights. Voters recently approved a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-measure-h-final-recap-20170317-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sales tax hike\u003c/a> to build more housing and support programs to get people off the streets. There's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-linkage-fee-city-council-20171212-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new fee on developers\u003c/a> to pay for new low-income housing for people at risk of being homeless. The city has also launched an \u003ca href=\"https://www.lamayor.org/mayor-garcetti-launches-campaign-protect-angelenos-living-rent-stabilized-housing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outreach campaign\u003c/a> where workers go door to door to ensure that tenants facing eviction know their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've never had what we have right now,\" Garcetti said. \"I've never been more depressed walking the street just as an everyday Angeleno, and more optimistic as a policymaker.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, these changes likely won't do much for Mejia and Garrido's family right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of miles south of City Hall, Mejia is starting his shift as an evening manager at Blaze Pizza, next to the USC campus. It's not lost on him that some of his customers are the more affluent students who are driving up demand for better housing in this once blighted part of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant is only about a mile from his apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662587\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jimmy Mejia works 50 hours a week as an assistant manager at Blaze Pizza. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mejia is stressed and has been losing sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't try to cry in front of my wife, but emotionally it's hard for me, very hard,\" Mejia said, as his eyes swelled up with tears. \"I know she cries too, I know she does, but we try not to do it in front of the kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, all they can do is focus on fighting their pending eviction in court. They have a date set for early next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In expensive West Coast cities like Los Angeles, a growing number of working people live on the margins -- one crisis away from being on the streets due to soaring rents and housing prices.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Family photos, Bible verse decals and wedding mementos adorn Jimmy Mejia and Patty Garrido's living room walls. Despite their efforts, the decorations can't mask the unpatched holes in the ceiling and the roaches that crawl around their kitchen. In one corner, there's a hole where the sheetrock caved in after a recent storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heater doesn't work, so in the winter it's really hard. It gets really cold here,\" Mejia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/601970552/602864490\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejia and Garrido have four daughters and a fifth on the way. They both work full time as assistant managers of a local pizza chain and pay $1,600 a month to rent their cramped three-bedroom apartment just blocks from the University of Southern California campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After living in these conditions for the past four years, they found out in late 2017 that the building was sold and all the tenants were getting evicted. Mejia and Garrido have been frantically searching for new housing in Los Angeles ever since, a difficult task in a city where neighborhoods are exploding with gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662583\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-one_wide-472ccedc3279a5d7e94528152c3560cd28ada8de-s800-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jimmy Mejia and Patty Garrido's South Los Angeles apartment building was sold in late 2017. The new owners are going to redevelop the property and all the tenants are being evicted. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Everything is so expensive,\" Garrido said. \"We saw a house, it was only three bedrooms, and it was $3,800.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Mejia and Garrido considered moving 60 to 70 miles outside the city where the housing is cheaper, their commute would take hours and they have only one car. Plus, it's not easy leaving a place that's home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have our church, we have our family, school, my daughter has been in the same area since pre-K,\" Garrido said. \"She's doing pretty good, she's in honors classes, so I don't want to move her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejia and Garrido know they're living right on the brink of homelessness, even though they're both employed and can afford to pay their bills and make rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Are we going to have to stay in our car for a few days? Are we going to have to get a hotel? I mean, we don't know,\" Garrido said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662584\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662584\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/jimmypattyoutsideapt-dfae6801d7a8321446e0634c9a2d9790fb383edb-s800-c85-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patty Garrido worries about where her family's going to sleep if they lose their eviction case in court. \u003ccite>(Linda Wang/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Their crisis is not unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, 600,000 people are considered \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/sites/jchs.harvard.edu/files/harvard_jchs_state_of_the_nations_housing_2017_chap6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severely rent burdened\u003c/a>,\" which means they spend half their income on rent. More than 8,000 people became homeless here for the first time last year, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=1915-2017-homeless-count-full-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are reaching levels of inequality that we have not seen since the Gilded Age,\" said Tracy Rosenthal of the Los Angeles Tenants Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union helps organize tenant boycotts against things like rent increases and gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenthal says it's time for the government to intervene with a heavy hand. People working full-time jobs are being put out on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent Zillow\u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/research/rents-larger-homeless-population-16124/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> study\u003c/a> showed that for every 5 percent increase in rent in Los Angeles, nearly 2,000 people could become homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a shortage of fairness, not a shortage of homes,\" Rosenthal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many housing advocates say the quickest fix is rent control, but \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&division=3.&title=5.&part=4.&chapter=2.7.&article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state law\u003c/a> puts tight restrictions on a local city's ability to implement it. Los Angeles has \u003ca href=\"http://hcidla.lacity.org/RSO-Overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rent control\u003c/a> but only on certain units built before 1978.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rent control has long been a touchy political topic in California, where developers are seen as having considerable clout from Sacramento to L.A. City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you want to know California right now, this will make or break this state,\" said Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti during an interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the city needs more housing for all income levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662586\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/ap_18103811476707_wide-8d5823fda9db693fec4355486fe04f819e2e2652-s800-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti says that how California's housing crisis is handled will make or break the state. \u003ccite>(Charlie Neibergall/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"If we don't solve our affordable housing crisis, at the bottom end, this homelessness epidemic will continue. At the top end, the middle class will leave,\" Garcetti said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcetti says reforms are happening, however, after years of political gridlock and budget fights. Voters recently approved a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-measure-h-final-recap-20170317-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sales tax hike\u003c/a> to build more housing and support programs to get people off the streets. There's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-linkage-fee-city-council-20171212-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new fee on developers\u003c/a> to pay for new low-income housing for people at risk of being homeless. The city has also launched an \u003ca href=\"https://www.lamayor.org/mayor-garcetti-launches-campaign-protect-angelenos-living-rent-stabilized-housing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outreach campaign\u003c/a> where workers go door to door to ensure that tenants facing eviction know their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've never had what we have right now,\" Garcetti said. \"I've never been more depressed walking the street just as an everyday Angeleno, and more optimistic as a policymaker.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, these changes likely won't do much for Mejia and Garrido's family right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of miles south of City Hall, Mejia is starting his shift as an evening manager at Blaze Pizza, next to the USC campus. It's not lost on him that some of his customers are the more affluent students who are driving up demand for better housing in this once blighted part of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant is only about a mile from his apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662587\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11662587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-seven-0cfc750f9ad37973403bc4768acf43f64e40af2d-s800-c85-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jimmy Mejia works 50 hours a week as an assistant manager at Blaze Pizza. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mejia is stressed and has been losing sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't try to cry in front of my wife, but emotionally it's hard for me, very hard,\" Mejia said, as his eyes swelled up with tears. \"I know she cries too, I know she does, but we try not to do it in front of the kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, all they can do is focus on fighting their pending eviction in court. They have a date set for early next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "U.S., Allies Hit 3 Syrian Sites Linked to Chemical Weapons Program",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 2:03 a.m. ET Saturday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S., Britain and France carried out airstrikes early Saturday against three sites in Syria in response to a suspected chemical weapons attack last week by President Bashar Assad's regime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are prepared to sustain this response until the Syrian regime stops its use of prohibited chemical agents,\" President Trump said in televised remarks from the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense Secretary Jim Mattis and Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Joe Dunford said the three countries called on warships and piloted aircraft to hit the sites linked to Syria's chemical weapons program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One site was a science research facility in Damascus, the Syrian capital, where residents said loud explosions rang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other two were storage facilities around Homs, a city to the north of Damascus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in Damascus were caught off guard by the strikes, independent reporter Danny Makki told NPR, speaking from Damascus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything over the previous 48 hours has indicated toward some sort of de-escalation, that the attacks might happen in the future. But for the attacks to happen in this way at this particular time — it's taken Damascus by surprise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syrian state media said the country's \"air defenses shot down 13 missiles south of Damascus,\" NPR's Ruth Sherlock reports from Beirut. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gen. Dunford said the attacks would substantially reduce Syria's ability to research, develop and use chemical weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no immediate reports on casualties or the extent of the damage. The Pentagon said it would provide a more detailed assessment on Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites were chosen to minimize civilian loss of life and possible release of chemical agents, the Pentagon officials said. Mattis said the number of weapons used was about double those employed in a strike in April 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that instance, 59 Tomahawk missiles were fired at a Syrian airbase in the western part of the country following a chemical attack blamed on Assad's forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattis said he was not aware of any U.S. losses, and added, \"Right now we have no additional attacks planned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense secretary said on Thursday that he favored a measure response aimed at chemical weapons facilities, and did not want the U.S. to become more deeply involved in a complicated, many-sided conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dunford said the U.S. used its regular communication channels with the Russians to inform them about the U.S. aircraft, but did not warn the Russians about the targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nikki Haley, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, said Syria had used chemical weapons at least 50 times since the war broke out in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZ0PA1KnTBE&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. has about 2,000 troops in northeastern Syria, where they have partnered with Kurdish fighters to dismantle the Islamic State. With the extremist group largely defeated, the president says he supports the withdrawal of U.S. forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America does not seek an indefinite presence in Syria,\" he said. \"The United States will be a partner and a friend. But the fate of the region lies in the hands of its own people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. military officials have said they believe the American forces should remain a while longer to help stabilize the places where ISIS was pushed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, meanwhile, also addressed the governments of Iran and Russia, both of which support Assad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I ask what kind of a nation wants to be associated with the mass murder of innocent men, women and children,\" Trump said. \"The nations of the world can be judged by the friends they keep. No nation can succeed in the long run by promoting rogue states, brutal tyrants and murderous dictators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to Assad, Trump said, \"These are not the actions of a man. They are crimes of a monster instead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suspected chemical attack occurred on April 7 in the Damascus suburb of Douma, which had been held by rebel forces for years in Syria's continuing civil war. Civilians and rebel forces abandoned Douma following the latest attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days leading up to the U.S. attack, Russia had warned that it would defend its troops in Syria. This has raised fears of a possible direct clash of U.S. and Russian forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement late Friday night, the Russian ambassador to the U.S., Anatoly Antonov, said, \"We warned that such actions will not be left without consequences. All responsibility for them rests with Washington, London and Paris.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the Russians have continued to help Assad's regime improve its position in much of the country as it battles various rebel groups. Assad's government controls most of the major cities, which are located in the western part of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.%2C+Allies+Hit+3+Syrian+Sites+Linked+To+Chemical+Weapons+Program&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump ordered the strikes in response to the suspected chemical weapons attack on April 7 by the regime of Syrian President Bashar Assad. Britain and France also took part.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 2:03 a.m. ET Saturday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S., Britain and France carried out airstrikes early Saturday against three sites in Syria in response to a suspected chemical weapons attack last week by President Bashar Assad's regime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are prepared to sustain this response until the Syrian regime stops its use of prohibited chemical agents,\" President Trump said in televised remarks from the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense Secretary Jim Mattis and Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Joe Dunford said the three countries called on warships and piloted aircraft to hit the sites linked to Syria's chemical weapons program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One site was a science research facility in Damascus, the Syrian capital, where residents said loud explosions rang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other two were storage facilities around Homs, a city to the north of Damascus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in Damascus were caught off guard by the strikes, independent reporter Danny Makki told NPR, speaking from Damascus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything over the previous 48 hours has indicated toward some sort of de-escalation, that the attacks might happen in the future. But for the attacks to happen in this way at this particular time — it's taken Damascus by surprise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syrian state media said the country's \"air defenses shot down 13 missiles south of Damascus,\" NPR's Ruth Sherlock reports from Beirut. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gen. Dunford said the attacks would substantially reduce Syria's ability to research, develop and use chemical weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no immediate reports on casualties or the extent of the damage. The Pentagon said it would provide a more detailed assessment on Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites were chosen to minimize civilian loss of life and possible release of chemical agents, the Pentagon officials said. Mattis said the number of weapons used was about double those employed in a strike in April 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that instance, 59 Tomahawk missiles were fired at a Syrian airbase in the western part of the country following a chemical attack blamed on Assad's forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattis said he was not aware of any U.S. losses, and added, \"Right now we have no additional attacks planned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense secretary said on Thursday that he favored a measure response aimed at chemical weapons facilities, and did not want the U.S. to become more deeply involved in a complicated, many-sided conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dunford said the U.S. used its regular communication channels with the Russians to inform them about the U.S. aircraft, but did not warn the Russians about the targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nikki Haley, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, said Syria had used chemical weapons at least 50 times since the war broke out in 2011.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/iZ0PA1KnTBE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/iZ0PA1KnTBE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. has about 2,000 troops in northeastern Syria, where they have partnered with Kurdish fighters to dismantle the Islamic State. With the extremist group largely defeated, the president says he supports the withdrawal of U.S. forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America does not seek an indefinite presence in Syria,\" he said. \"The United States will be a partner and a friend. But the fate of the region lies in the hands of its own people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. military officials have said they believe the American forces should remain a while longer to help stabilize the places where ISIS was pushed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, meanwhile, also addressed the governments of Iran and Russia, both of which support Assad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I ask what kind of a nation wants to be associated with the mass murder of innocent men, women and children,\" Trump said. \"The nations of the world can be judged by the friends they keep. No nation can succeed in the long run by promoting rogue states, brutal tyrants and murderous dictators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to Assad, Trump said, \"These are not the actions of a man. They are crimes of a monster instead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suspected chemical attack occurred on April 7 in the Damascus suburb of Douma, which had been held by rebel forces for years in Syria's continuing civil war. Civilians and rebel forces abandoned Douma following the latest attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days leading up to the U.S. attack, Russia had warned that it would defend its troops in Syria. This has raised fears of a possible direct clash of U.S. and Russian forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement late Friday night, the Russian ambassador to the U.S., Anatoly Antonov, said, \"We warned that such actions will not be left without consequences. All responsibility for them rests with Washington, London and Paris.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the Russians have continued to help Assad's regime improve its position in much of the country as it battles various rebel groups. Assad's government controls most of the major cities, which are located in the western part of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.%2C+Allies+Hit+3+Syrian+Sites+Linked+To+Chemical+Weapons+Program&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "NTSB: Tesla Booted From Crash Investigation for Not Following Rules",
"title": "NTSB: Tesla Booted From Crash Investigation for Not Following Rules",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board, which is looking into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658404/safety-agency-orders-probe-of-tesla-crash-and-fire-as-company-points-to-freeway-hazard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fatal crash last month\u003c/a> of an SUV using Tesla's Autopilot system, said it is removing the high-tech automaker from the probe for improperly disclosing details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says it withdrew from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NTSB is examining last month's crash of a 2017 Tesla Model X near Mountain View. The vehicle crashed into a concrete lane divider, killing the driver, Walter Huang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659115/tesla-says-vehicle-in-deadly-crash-was-on-autopilot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla blamed Huang for the accident\u003c/a>, which the NTSB contends runs counter to agency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-12/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-crash-probe-over-autopilot-data-flap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg notes\u003c/a>, \"The NTSB guards the integrity of its investigations closely, demanding that participants adhere to rules about what information they can release and their expected cooperation. These so-called parties to investigations must sign legal agreements laying out their responsibilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tesla violated the party agreement by releasing investigative information before it was vetted and confirmed by the NTSB,\" the agency said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180412.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>. \"Such releases of incomplete information often lead to speculation and incorrect assumptions about the probable cause of a crash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unfortunate that Tesla, by its actions, did not abide by the party agreement,\" said NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt. \"We decided to revoke Tesla's party status and informed Mr. Musk in a phone call last evening and \u003ca href=\"http://link.email.dynect.net/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=oGJ1pkZyysOST8btnWeAdWfazdP60O3PLkuOZioW2RiI0IVhceklyikuuz730yACd%2BvEm0h%2B113mSmdgAw4ydO/suCeYKBzFnZcYcVV9wFyhwIiDVPNWUXsWB7zNOf9z&G=0&R=https://goo.gl/gZofXm&I=20180412174102.0000002a26a4%40mail6-94-usnbn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVhY2Y5YTJkYzdiZjIyZTQ3NTEzMTllNTs%3D&S=aToOg89TnPzHZ7NglVgNSTnTz0lqFtcgJ5Y1HLJiKOA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via letter \u003c/a>today. While we understand the demand for information that parties face during an NTSB investigation, uncoordinated releases of incomplete information do not further transportation safety or serve the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to NPR, a Tesla spokesperson said the company decided to withdraw from the agreement of its own accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last week, in a conversation with the NTSB, we were told that if we made additional statements before their 12-24 month investigative process is complete, we would no longer be a party to the investigation agreement. On Tuesday, we chose to withdraw from the agreement and issued a statement to correct misleading claims that had been made about Autopilot — claims which made it seem as though Autopilot creates safety problems when the opposite is true,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been clear in our conversations with the NTSB that they're more concerned with press headlines than actually promoting safety,\" Tesla said. \"Among other things, they repeatedly released partial bits of incomplete information to the media in violation of their own rules, at the same time that they were trying to prevent us from telling all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-agreement-in-fatal-crash-probe-1523547055\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Removals from NTSB party agreements are rare. The agency in 2014 revoked party status for \u003ca href=\"http://quotes.wsj.com/UPS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United Parcel Service\u003c/a> Inc. and a pilots union in the probe of a crash of one of the package-delivery company's cargo planes after public comments were made by each side about circumstances surrounding the accident.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For Tesla, a departure from the NTSB agreement risks diminishing the car maker's influence over and insight into an investigation that could ultimately reach critical conclusions about one of the company's signature products.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Tesla+Booted+From+Crash+Investigation+For+Not+Following+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board, which is looking into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658404/safety-agency-orders-probe-of-tesla-crash-and-fire-as-company-points-to-freeway-hazard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fatal crash last month\u003c/a> of an SUV using Tesla's Autopilot system, said it is removing the high-tech automaker from the probe for improperly disclosing details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says it withdrew from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NTSB is examining last month's crash of a 2017 Tesla Model X near Mountain View. The vehicle crashed into a concrete lane divider, killing the driver, Walter Huang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659115/tesla-says-vehicle-in-deadly-crash-was-on-autopilot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla blamed Huang for the accident\u003c/a>, which the NTSB contends runs counter to agency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-12/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-crash-probe-over-autopilot-data-flap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg notes\u003c/a>, \"The NTSB guards the integrity of its investigations closely, demanding that participants adhere to rules about what information they can release and their expected cooperation. These so-called parties to investigations must sign legal agreements laying out their responsibilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tesla violated the party agreement by releasing investigative information before it was vetted and confirmed by the NTSB,\" the agency said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180412.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>. \"Such releases of incomplete information often lead to speculation and incorrect assumptions about the probable cause of a crash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unfortunate that Tesla, by its actions, did not abide by the party agreement,\" said NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt. \"We decided to revoke Tesla's party status and informed Mr. Musk in a phone call last evening and \u003ca href=\"http://link.email.dynect.net/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=oGJ1pkZyysOST8btnWeAdWfazdP60O3PLkuOZioW2RiI0IVhceklyikuuz730yACd%2BvEm0h%2B113mSmdgAw4ydO/suCeYKBzFnZcYcVV9wFyhwIiDVPNWUXsWB7zNOf9z&G=0&R=https://goo.gl/gZofXm&I=20180412174102.0000002a26a4%40mail6-94-usnbn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVhY2Y5YTJkYzdiZjIyZTQ3NTEzMTllNTs%3D&S=aToOg89TnPzHZ7NglVgNSTnTz0lqFtcgJ5Y1HLJiKOA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via letter \u003c/a>today. While we understand the demand for information that parties face during an NTSB investigation, uncoordinated releases of incomplete information do not further transportation safety or serve the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to NPR, a Tesla spokesperson said the company decided to withdraw from the agreement of its own accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last week, in a conversation with the NTSB, we were told that if we made additional statements before their 12-24 month investigative process is complete, we would no longer be a party to the investigation agreement. On Tuesday, we chose to withdraw from the agreement and issued a statement to correct misleading claims that had been made about Autopilot — claims which made it seem as though Autopilot creates safety problems when the opposite is true,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been clear in our conversations with the NTSB that they're more concerned with press headlines than actually promoting safety,\" Tesla said. \"Among other things, they repeatedly released partial bits of incomplete information to the media in violation of their own rules, at the same time that they were trying to prevent us from telling all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-agreement-in-fatal-crash-probe-1523547055\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Removals from NTSB party agreements are rare. The agency in 2014 revoked party status for \u003ca href=\"http://quotes.wsj.com/UPS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United Parcel Service\u003c/a> Inc. and a pilots union in the probe of a crash of one of the package-delivery company's cargo planes after public comments were made by each side about circumstances surrounding the accident.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For Tesla, a departure from the NTSB agreement risks diminishing the car maker's influence over and insight into an investigation that could ultimately reach critical conclusions about one of the company's signature products.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Tesla+Booted+From+Crash+Investigation+For+Not+Following+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "5 Insights From Comey's Memoir: Ex-FBI Chief Blasts Trump as Mob-Like",
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"content": "\u003cp>James Comey's much-anticipated memoir, \u003cem>A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership,\u003c/em> doesn't pull any punches when it comes to condemning the tenure of President Trump. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former FBI director, whom Trump unceremoniously fired, paints a picture of a chief executive only concerned about his own image in the press instead of the safety of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book isn't set to be released until next week, but NPR has obtained a copy. In it, Comey reflects on the circumstances surrounding his dismissal, reveals further insights into his fraught conversations with the president and examines his own controversial decisions — namely how he handled the investigation into former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's private email server and whether he impacted Clinton's chances against Trump in the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five major areas Comey examines in the memoir:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Trump's \"unethical\" and \"transactional\" Mafia-like approach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The broad portrait Comey tries to paint is of Trump as a president so far outside democratic norms that he is a danger to the republic as he spouts conspiracy theories and untruths regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This president is unethical, and untethered to truth and institutional values,\" Comey writes. \"His leadership is transactional, ego driven and about personal loyalty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ultimately, it may have been Comey's refusal to bend to that demand for loyalty, he believes, that led to the president to suddenly fire him almost a year ago. That set in motion the appointment, by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, of special counsel Robert Mueller. The title of Comey's book itself is a nod to his belief that a public servant's allegiance should not be to one man but instead to the belief in democratic ideals and to the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in his law career, Comey writes, he worked as a prosecutor targeting organized crime, and he compares many of his interactions with Trump to those of mobsters and the Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">The James Comey Saga, In Timeline Form\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/05/10/ap_17129807287428-41f7d297bc889255f8ece4811990290fdb3e705e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The silent circle of assent. The boss in complete control. The loyalty oaths. The us-versus-them worldview. The lying about all things, large and small, in service to some code of loyalty that put the organization above morality and above the truth,\" he writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the now infamous one-on-one dinner he had with Trump at which Comey says the president demanded loyalty — but Comey would only promise honesty and, finally, \"honest loyalty\" — Comey writes that the president's \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>demand was like Sammy the Bull's Cosa Nostra induction ceremony,\u003cem>\"\u003c/em> a reference\u003ca href=\"http://www.organized-crime.de/revmaa01sammygravano.htm\"> to a member of the Gambino crime family\u003c/a> who would eventually turn state's evidence to help bring down mob boss John Gotti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its response to the book, the Republican National Committee made its own play on the book's title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"James Comey's book is really just a way for him to make money off of his true higher loyalty \u003cem>– \u003c/em>to himself,\" the RNC said in an email to reporters Thursday evening after several reports about the book and its contents were posted online by multiple media outlets.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Trump himself fired back on Twitter early Friday morning, a \"proven LEAKER & LIAR\" whose firing was fully justified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/984763579210633216\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/984767560494313472\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Were Trump's actions illegal? \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also writes about the pressure he felt from Trump when the president asked the then-FBI director whether he could \"see your way clear to letting this go, to letting [Michael] Flynn go.\" The president's longtime ally and former national security adviser, Flynn, had to resign because he had misrepresented to Vice President Pence his conversations with Russia's ambassador during the presidential transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn has since pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI as part of a plea deal with Mueller. Precisely what Trump and others knew about what took place during the presidential transition and the early weeks of the administration remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey reserves judgment on whether Trump's actions then and other times since constituted obstruction of justice, admitting, \"I have one perspective on the behavior I saw, which while disturbing and violating basic norms of ethical leadership, may fall short of being illegal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does, however, fault those who overlook how much he says Trump's actions are beyond the pale. Comey's ire seems to extend to much of a Republican Party that he appears to feel has made a Faustian bargain with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is also wrong to stand idly by, or worse, to stay silent when you know better, while a president brazenly seeks to undermine public confidence in law enforcement institutions that were established to keep our leaders in check,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty confronted by the Washington establishment is embodied by retired Marine Gen. John Kelly. Comey writes that after he was fired, then-Secretary of Homeland Security Kelly phoned and offered to resign in protest in an \"emotional call\" with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said he didn't want to work for dishonorable people who would treat someone like me in such a manner. I urged Kelly not to do that, arguing that the country needed principled people around this president. Especially this president,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than three months later, Trump would tap Kelly to be his chief of staff, but his relationship with Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/john-kelly-trump-oval-office-meeting-threatened-quit-f29667d3-d99f-4e23-92f6-9c48c360722b.html\">is described as tenuous\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The backlash over the Clinton email investigation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many liberals and opponents of the president will likely cheer the stinging rebuke Comey delivers of Trump, they also won't forget one of his most controversial decisions. Comey released a letter less than two weeks before the 2016 election revealing the FBI had reopened its investigation into Clinton's private email server used while she was secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Clinton's camp — and the former Democratic nominee herself — have said they believe that may have swayed the election. Ultimately, the weekend before the election, the FBI said no relevant information had been found. Clinton, however, felt she had been tarred too much too close to Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony before Congress last year, Comey told senators the idea that he had impacted the election with that pronouncement made him \"mildly nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have read she has felt anger toward me personally, and I'm sorry for that,\" Comey writes in the memoir. \"I'm sorry that I couldn't do a better job explaining to her and her supporters why I made the decisions I made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his book, Comey explains that one reason he felt he had to release the letter was because he believed that Clinton was going to win — and he didn't want her presidency to be tainted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is entirely possible that, because I was making decisions in an environment where Hillary Clinton was sure to be the next president, my concern about making her an illegitimate president by concealing the restarted investigation bore greater weight than it would have if the election appeared closer or if Donald Trump were ahead in all polls. But I don't know,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-693805668comeyaskew_wide-fba99371cb1191370d6c05af0bf64ec60eefc120-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662012\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After Clinton's loss to Trump, Comey says President Barack Obama reassured Comey he had conducted himself the right way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I picked you to be FBI director because of your integrity and your ability,\" Obama said, according to Comey. \"I want you to know that nothing – nothing – has happened in the last year to change my view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Comey's \"extremely careless\" damnation \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In July 2016, Comey went before TV cameras to announce that the Justice Department would not be filing charges against Clinton but that he felt she had acted irresponsibly by handling classified material on the personal email server.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Comey writes that he regrets using the language \"extremely careless\" to describe Clinton's conduct because it is so similar to \"grossly negligent\" — the legal standard under which she might have been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone on the investigative team agreed there was no case against Clinton, Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey said he still believes he did the right thing by making that statement because the Justice Department had taken a similar approach in other high-interest investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, he also confirms that the FBI had unverified classified information that could have hurt then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch's credibility in overseeing the probe — and that's one reason he took a more high-profile role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Had it become public, the unverified material would undoubtedly have been used by political opponents to cast serious doubt on the attorney general's independence in connection with the Clinton investigation,\" Comey says. He doesn't elaborate more on what that information may be, simply that it's a \"development still unknown to the American public to this day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/how-a-dubious-russian-document-influenced-the-fbis-handling-of-the-clinton-probe/2017/05/24/f375c07c-3a95-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html?utm_term=.0c803703aaff\">The Washington Post has reported\u003c/a> that the FBI obtained what appeared to be a Russian intelligence intercept that described documents in which Lynch assured Clinton's campaign that she would go easy on them in the email investigation. Comey and other FBI officials are believed to have suspected that intelligence was phony, but it, in part, prompted Comey to take matters into his own hands given the damage it might have done to Lynch's credibility if it became public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynch has also come under fire for a tarmac meeting with Clinton's husband, former President Bill Clinton, as the investigation was underway. Comey says he saw no evidence of her interfering with the probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Trump's obsession with the Steele dossier — instead of Russian interference\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also says that Trump was intently focused on disproving some salacious allegations in the unverified dossier — authored by former British spy Christopher Steele — about Trump's alleged actions with Russian prostitutes, raising it several times with Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"strongly denied the allegations, asking — rhetorically, I assumed — whether he seemed like a guy who needed the service of prostitutes,\" the former FBI director writes. One reason Trump wanted the allegations disproved was because he feared there was a very slim chance his wife, Melania, might believe them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He just rolled on, unprompted, explaining why it couldn't possibly be true, ending by saying he was thinking of asking me to investigate the allegation to prove it was a lie. I said it was up to him,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one thing that Comey said wasn't on Trump's mind was dealing with the threat posed by Russia. The United States had publicly blamed Russia for interfering in the 2016 race, and by early 2017, the outgoing Obama administration was taking punitive actions including kicking out intelligence officers and closing Russian diplomatic posts inside the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his advisers, however, were not curious about any of that, Comey writes. He recounts a meeting in which he and intelligence officials briefed the then-president elect in January 2017 in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides were more concerned with how to \"spin\" the information they had just been given and concerned about the perception that people might believe the only reason Trump was elected was because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/23/528500501/lies-forgery-and-skulduggery-the-long-history-of-active-measures\">the Russian \"active measures\" effort.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were about to lead a country that had been attacked by a foreign adversary, yet they had no questions about what the future Russian threat might be,\" Comey writes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Insights+From+Comey%27s+Memoir%3A+Ex-FBI+Chief+Blasts+Trump+As+Mob-Like&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>James Comey's much-anticipated memoir, \u003cem>A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership,\u003c/em> doesn't pull any punches when it comes to condemning the tenure of President Trump. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former FBI director, whom Trump unceremoniously fired, paints a picture of a chief executive only concerned about his own image in the press instead of the safety of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book isn't set to be released until next week, but NPR has obtained a copy. In it, Comey reflects on the circumstances surrounding his dismissal, reveals further insights into his fraught conversations with the president and examines his own controversial decisions — namely how he handled the investigation into former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's private email server and whether he impacted Clinton's chances against Trump in the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five major areas Comey examines in the memoir:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Trump's \"unethical\" and \"transactional\" Mafia-like approach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The broad portrait Comey tries to paint is of Trump as a president so far outside democratic norms that he is a danger to the republic as he spouts conspiracy theories and untruths regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This president is unethical, and untethered to truth and institutional values,\" Comey writes. \"His leadership is transactional, ego driven and about personal loyalty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ultimately, it may have been Comey's refusal to bend to that demand for loyalty, he believes, that led to the president to suddenly fire him almost a year ago. That set in motion the appointment, by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, of special counsel Robert Mueller. The title of Comey's book itself is a nod to his belief that a public servant's allegiance should not be to one man but instead to the belief in democratic ideals and to the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in his law career, Comey writes, he worked as a prosecutor targeting organized crime, and he compares many of his interactions with Trump to those of mobsters and the Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">The James Comey Saga, In Timeline Form\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/05/10/ap_17129807287428-41f7d297bc889255f8ece4811990290fdb3e705e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The silent circle of assent. The boss in complete control. The loyalty oaths. The us-versus-them worldview. The lying about all things, large and small, in service to some code of loyalty that put the organization above morality and above the truth,\" he writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the now infamous one-on-one dinner he had with Trump at which Comey says the president demanded loyalty — but Comey would only promise honesty and, finally, \"honest loyalty\" — Comey writes that the president's \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>demand was like Sammy the Bull's Cosa Nostra induction ceremony,\u003cem>\"\u003c/em> a reference\u003ca href=\"http://www.organized-crime.de/revmaa01sammygravano.htm\"> to a member of the Gambino crime family\u003c/a> who would eventually turn state's evidence to help bring down mob boss John Gotti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its response to the book, the Republican National Committee made its own play on the book's title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"James Comey's book is really just a way for him to make money off of his true higher loyalty \u003cem>– \u003c/em>to himself,\" the RNC said in an email to reporters Thursday evening after several reports about the book and its contents were posted online by multiple media outlets.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Trump himself fired back on Twitter early Friday morning, a \"proven LEAKER & LIAR\" whose firing was fully justified.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003ch2>2. Were Trump's actions illegal? \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also writes about the pressure he felt from Trump when the president asked the then-FBI director whether he could \"see your way clear to letting this go, to letting [Michael] Flynn go.\" The president's longtime ally and former national security adviser, Flynn, had to resign because he had misrepresented to Vice President Pence his conversations with Russia's ambassador during the presidential transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn has since pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI as part of a plea deal with Mueller. Precisely what Trump and others knew about what took place during the presidential transition and the early weeks of the administration remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey reserves judgment on whether Trump's actions then and other times since constituted obstruction of justice, admitting, \"I have one perspective on the behavior I saw, which while disturbing and violating basic norms of ethical leadership, may fall short of being illegal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does, however, fault those who overlook how much he says Trump's actions are beyond the pale. Comey's ire seems to extend to much of a Republican Party that he appears to feel has made a Faustian bargain with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is also wrong to stand idly by, or worse, to stay silent when you know better, while a president brazenly seeks to undermine public confidence in law enforcement institutions that were established to keep our leaders in check,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty confronted by the Washington establishment is embodied by retired Marine Gen. John Kelly. Comey writes that after he was fired, then-Secretary of Homeland Security Kelly phoned and offered to resign in protest in an \"emotional call\" with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said he didn't want to work for dishonorable people who would treat someone like me in such a manner. I urged Kelly not to do that, arguing that the country needed principled people around this president. Especially this president,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than three months later, Trump would tap Kelly to be his chief of staff, but his relationship with Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/john-kelly-trump-oval-office-meeting-threatened-quit-f29667d3-d99f-4e23-92f6-9c48c360722b.html\">is described as tenuous\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The backlash over the Clinton email investigation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many liberals and opponents of the president will likely cheer the stinging rebuke Comey delivers of Trump, they also won't forget one of his most controversial decisions. Comey released a letter less than two weeks before the 2016 election revealing the FBI had reopened its investigation into Clinton's private email server used while she was secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Clinton's camp — and the former Democratic nominee herself — have said they believe that may have swayed the election. Ultimately, the weekend before the election, the FBI said no relevant information had been found. Clinton, however, felt she had been tarred too much too close to Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony before Congress last year, Comey told senators the idea that he had impacted the election with that pronouncement made him \"mildly nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have read she has felt anger toward me personally, and I'm sorry for that,\" Comey writes in the memoir. \"I'm sorry that I couldn't do a better job explaining to her and her supporters why I made the decisions I made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his book, Comey explains that one reason he felt he had to release the letter was because he believed that Clinton was going to win — and he didn't want her presidency to be tainted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is entirely possible that, because I was making decisions in an environment where Hillary Clinton was sure to be the next president, my concern about making her an illegitimate president by concealing the restarted investigation bore greater weight than it would have if the election appeared closer or if Donald Trump were ahead in all polls. But I don't know,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-693805668comeyaskew_wide-fba99371cb1191370d6c05af0bf64ec60eefc120-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662012\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After Clinton's loss to Trump, Comey says President Barack Obama reassured Comey he had conducted himself the right way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I picked you to be FBI director because of your integrity and your ability,\" Obama said, according to Comey. \"I want you to know that nothing – nothing – has happened in the last year to change my view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Comey's \"extremely careless\" damnation \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In July 2016, Comey went before TV cameras to announce that the Justice Department would not be filing charges against Clinton but that he felt she had acted irresponsibly by handling classified material on the personal email server.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Comey writes that he regrets using the language \"extremely careless\" to describe Clinton's conduct because it is so similar to \"grossly negligent\" — the legal standard under which she might have been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone on the investigative team agreed there was no case against Clinton, Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey said he still believes he did the right thing by making that statement because the Justice Department had taken a similar approach in other high-interest investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, he also confirms that the FBI had unverified classified information that could have hurt then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch's credibility in overseeing the probe — and that's one reason he took a more high-profile role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Had it become public, the unverified material would undoubtedly have been used by political opponents to cast serious doubt on the attorney general's independence in connection with the Clinton investigation,\" Comey says. He doesn't elaborate more on what that information may be, simply that it's a \"development still unknown to the American public to this day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/how-a-dubious-russian-document-influenced-the-fbis-handling-of-the-clinton-probe/2017/05/24/f375c07c-3a95-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html?utm_term=.0c803703aaff\">The Washington Post has reported\u003c/a> that the FBI obtained what appeared to be a Russian intelligence intercept that described documents in which Lynch assured Clinton's campaign that she would go easy on them in the email investigation. Comey and other FBI officials are believed to have suspected that intelligence was phony, but it, in part, prompted Comey to take matters into his own hands given the damage it might have done to Lynch's credibility if it became public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynch has also come under fire for a tarmac meeting with Clinton's husband, former President Bill Clinton, as the investigation was underway. Comey says he saw no evidence of her interfering with the probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Trump's obsession with the Steele dossier — instead of Russian interference\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also says that Trump was intently focused on disproving some salacious allegations in the unverified dossier — authored by former British spy Christopher Steele — about Trump's alleged actions with Russian prostitutes, raising it several times with Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"strongly denied the allegations, asking — rhetorically, I assumed — whether he seemed like a guy who needed the service of prostitutes,\" the former FBI director writes. One reason Trump wanted the allegations disproved was because he feared there was a very slim chance his wife, Melania, might believe them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He just rolled on, unprompted, explaining why it couldn't possibly be true, ending by saying he was thinking of asking me to investigate the allegation to prove it was a lie. I said it was up to him,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one thing that Comey said wasn't on Trump's mind was dealing with the threat posed by Russia. The United States had publicly blamed Russia for interfering in the 2016 race, and by early 2017, the outgoing Obama administration was taking punitive actions including kicking out intelligence officers and closing Russian diplomatic posts inside the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his advisers, however, were not curious about any of that, Comey writes. He recounts a meeting in which he and intelligence officials briefed the then-president elect in January 2017 in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides were more concerned with how to \"spin\" the information they had just been given and concerned about the perception that people might believe the only reason Trump was elected was because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/23/528500501/lies-forgery-and-skulduggery-the-long-history-of-active-measures\">the Russian \"active measures\" effort.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were about to lead a country that had been attacked by a foreign adversary, yet they had no questions about what the future Russian threat might be,\" Comey writes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Insights+From+Comey%27s+Memoir%3A+Ex-FBI+Chief+Blasts+Trump+As+Mob-Like&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lawmakers Push Zuckerberg on Security, Diversity, Drug Sales on Facebook",
"title": "Lawmakers Push Zuckerberg on Security, Diversity, Drug Sales on Facebook",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=599590470&mediaId=599595502\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3:08 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/10/599808766/i-m-responsible-for-what-happens-at-facebook-mark-zuckerberg-will-tell-senate\">five hours of testimony\u003c/a> before a joint session of two Senate committees on Tuesday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg returned to the Capitol for a second straight day of grilling — this time before the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For another five hours, Zuckerberg took questions from the House Energy and Commerce Committee. Representatives took a generally sharp tone, pushing Zuckerberg to commit to yes or no answers and occasionally exclaiming with mock surprise when he protested that he couldn't answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the questions extended far beyond security, privacy and data sharing, to address diversity at Facebook headquarters and whether the company is tacitly allowing illegal drug sales on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can watch video of the proceedings above, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmA3TsQ_ULo\">on YouTube via PBS\u003c/a>. Or, of course, read on for highlights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661063/watch-live-testimony-by-zuckerberg-about-use-and-abuse-of-data\">Mark Zuckerberg Tells Senate: Election Security Is an 'Arms Race'\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The congressional hearings, Zuckerberg's first, come in the wake of a scandal in which Facebook user data was sold to Cambridge Analytica, a third-party group that assisted the Trump campaign. (Cambridge Analytica \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CamAnalytica/status/983783500405977089\">says\u003c/a> it did not use the Facebook data in its 2016 election work.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg has repeatedly apologized for the Cambridge Analytica scandal, while blaming the information sharing on a researcher who, according to Facebook, violated the platform's terms of service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg says he found out that the data were sold to Cambridge Analytica after \u003cem>The Guardian \u003c/em>reported on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do you routinely learn about these violations through the press?\" Rep. Mike Doyle, D-Pa., asked on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes we do,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told members of the House that his own data were included in the privacy breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11661418\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11661418\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook co-founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg prepares to testify before the House Energy and Commerce Committee in the Rayburn House Office Building on Capitol Hill on Wednesday. This is the second day of testimony before Congress by Zuckerberg, 33. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few of the other topics discussed in the hearing:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>is\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Facebook? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Greg Walden, R-Ore., committee chairman, noted that Facebook has exclusive broadcasting deals as well as tools that allow people to transfer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is Facebook a media company?\" he asked. \"Is Facebook a financial institution?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg replied: \"I consider us to be a technology company because the primary thing that we do is have engineers that write code and build products and services for other people. There are certainly other things that we do. ... We build planes to help connect people, and I don't consider us to be an aerospace company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been testing planes that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/07/22/487021786/watch-facebook-tests-internet-beaming-plane\">broadcast internet signals \u003c/a>to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does Facebook's data collection amount to surveillance of users? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Bobby Rush, D-Ill., accused Facebook of \"the wholesale invasion and manipulation of users' right to privacy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is the difference between Facebook's methodology and the methodology of the American political pariah J. Edgar Hoover?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The difference is extremely clear, which is that on Facebook you have control over your information,\" Zuckerberg said. \"The content that you share, you put there. ... The information that we collect, you can choose to have us not collect. You can delete any of it, and of course, you can leave Facebook if you want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know of no surveillance organization that gives people the option to delete the data that they have or even know what they're collecting,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do consumers understand what they've agreed to as they use Facebook? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walden asked Zuckerberg, \"Did it ever cross your mind that you should be communicating more clearly with users about how Facebook is monetizing their data?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that we do try to explain what we do as time goes on,\" Zuckerberg said. Every time someone adds content to Facebook, he said, there is \"a control right there about who you want to share it with. ... I think that in the product that's quite clear. I do think that we can do a better job of explaining how our advertising works.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Michael Burgess, R-Texas, approached the same question from a different angle. \"Can the average layperson look at the terms and conditions and make the evaluation: Is this strong enough protection for me to enter into this arrangement?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said, \"I think if someone wanted to know that they could, but a lot of people probably just accept terms of service without taking the time to read through it. I view our responsibility not as just legally complying with laying it out, getting that consent, but actually trying to make sure that people understand what's happening throughout the product.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He repeatedly said he believes users do understand how their data will be used. Multiple lawmakers expressed skepticism on that point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of financial penalties\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an occasionally tense exchange, Rep. Diana DeGette, D-Colo., challenged Zuckerberg over his company's billions of dollars in profit and what she described as the lack of financial penalty over prior privacy breaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cited two settled class-action lawsuits — \u003cem>Lane v. Facebook\u003c/em>, in which users received no compensation, and \u003cem>Fraley v. Facebook\u003c/em>, in which users received $15 each. DeGette expressed surprise when Zuckerberg said he was not familiar with the details of the cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661220/how-to-check-if-your-facebook-data-was-used-by-cambridge-analytica\">How to Check If Your Facebook Data Was Used by Cambridge Analytica\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She also asked whether there was a financial penalty involved after a Federal Trade Commission investigation ended in a 2011 consent decree. Zuckerberg said he couldn't remember, which prompted more skepticism from DeGette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason you probably don't remember is because the FTC doesn't have the authority to issue penalties for first-time violations,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to have these abuses and these data breaches, but at the same time, it doesn't seem like future activities are prevented,\" DeGette said. \"I think one of the things that we need to look at in the future ... is putting really robust penalties in place in case of improper actions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On racial diversity within Facebook's staff and leadership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congressional Black Caucus member Rep. G.K. Butterfield, D-N.C., said that Facebook lists five leaders on its website, none of whom are black. \"This does not reflect America,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a broader leadership than just five people,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do you plan to add an African-American to your leadership team in the foreseeable future and will you commit that you will continue to work with us, the Congressional Black Caucus, to increase diversity within your company?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressman, we will certainly work with you,\" Zuckerberg said. \"This is an important issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterfield asked for data on the retention of employees by race; Zuckerberg said he would discuss it with his team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Yvette Clarke, D-N.Y., also pushed Zuckerberg hard on the question of diversity, tying the \"monolithic\" makeup of the company to Facebook's failures to anticipate and prevent disinformation campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is Facebook doing enough to stop opioid sales?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. David McKinley, R-W.Va., brought up America's opioid crisis and posted a photo of drugs available for sale on Facebook, no prescription necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your platform is still being used to circumvent the law and allow people to buy highly addictive drugs without a prescription,\" he said. \"Facebook is actually enabling an illegal activity and in so doing, you are hurting people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg replied that \"there are a number of areas of content that we need to do a better job policing on our service.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You've said before you were going to take down those ads but you didn't do it,\" McKinley said. \"When are you going to take them down? ... Where is your accountability to allow this to be occurring?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said Facebook relies on users flagging inappropriate content to be taken down. He said with billions of pieces of content shared daily, it was not feasible for the company to examine all those posts. But he said the company hopes to use artificial intelligence tools to help flag inappropriate content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Facebook's collection of data on non-Facebook users \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg's congressional testimony has focused on how Facebook handles user data. But Rep. Ben Luján, D-N.M., pushed Zuckerberg on how exactly Facebook uses the data of people who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/privacy-technology/internet-privacy/facebook-tracking-me-even-though-im-not-facebook\">not users of the service.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their conversation went like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Luján: \"Facebook has detailed profiles on people who have never signed up for Facebook, yes or no?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"In general, we collect data from people who have not signed up from Facebook for security purposes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"... On average, how many data points does Facebook have on each Facebook user?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"I do not know off the top of my head.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"The average for non-Facebook platforms is 1,500. It's been reported that Facebook has as many as 29,000 data points for an average Facebook user. Do you know how many points of data Facebook has on the average non-Facebook user?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"Congressman, I do not off the top off my head, but I can have our team get back to you afterwards.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"I'd appreciate that. It's been admitted by Facebook that you do collect data points on non-Facebook users, so my question is, can someone who does not have a Facebook account opt out of Facebook's involuntary data collection?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"Congressman, anyone can turn off and opt out of any data collection for ads, whether they use our services or not, but in order to prevent people from scraping public information ... we need to know when someone is trying to repeatedly access our services ... \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"You've said everyone controls their data but you are collecting data on people who are not even Facebook users, that have never signed a consent, a privacy agreement, and you're collecting their data. And it may surprise you that on Facebook's page, when you go to '\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/103846099705922?helpref=search&sr=1&query=I+don%27t+have+a+facebook+account\">I don't have a Facebook account and would like to request all my personal data stored by Facebook\u003c/a>,' it takes you to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/contact/180237885820953\">form\u003c/a> that says, 'Go to your Facebook page and then on your account settings you can download your data.' ... You're directing people who don't even have a Facebook page to have to sign up for a page to reach their data. We've got to fix that.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does Facebook use information it collects\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>as opposed to what users provide?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony, Zuckerberg has consistently emphasized the information people voluntarily supply to Facebook — photos they upload, status updates they write, pages they click \"like\" on. He says people own that data and can delete it at any time. He also stresses that Facebook, while it uses that data to power its ad business, does not sell the data itself to advertisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joe Kennedy, D-Mass., pressed Zuckerberg on something different — the \"metadata\" about users that Facebook gathers without users uploading it themselves. That includes things like when and how users access Facebook, and what they click on or look at, including on sites other than Facebook. (\u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> recently published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/graphics/how-pizza-night-can-cost-more-in-data-than-dollars/\">visual breakdown\u003c/a> of data provided vs. data collected by various platforms.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's an awful lot of information that is generated that people don't think that they're generating, and that advertisers are being able to target because Facebook collects it,\" Kennedy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes,\" Zuckerberg said. \"My understanding is that the targeting options that are available for advertisers are generally things that are based on what people share. Now, once an advertiser chooses how they want to target something, Facebook also does its own work to rank and determine which ads are going to be interesting to which people. So we may use metadata or other behaviors of what you've shown that you're interested in in news feeds or other places in order to make our systems more relevant to you, but that's a little bit different from giving that as an option to an advertiser.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't understand how users then own that data,\" Kennedy said. He then ran out of time for questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On its \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/business/help/182371508761821?helpref=search&sr=2&query=ad%20interests\">business help pages\u003c/a>, Facebook tells advertisers it can target ads based on, among other things, users' purchase behaviors and \"activities people engage in on and off Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of Congress also asked pointed questions about how Facebook will defend civil rights — by preventing \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-fair-housing-lawsuit-ad-discrimination\">housing discrimination\u003c/a> in advertising, for instance — whether the platform suppresses conservative speech or might in the future, and the degree of responsibility Facebook has over content on its platform, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/11/601323233/6-facts-we-know-about-fake-news-in-the-2016-election\">disinformation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the hearing before the Senate covered many of the same topics as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR's Peter Overby \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/09/600233409/lobbyists-campaign-cash-and-think-tanks-how-silicon-valley-tackled-politics\">reported earlier this week\u003c/a>, Facebook — like Silicon Valley in general — has grown more involved in Washington politics over the years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Facebook opened its D.C. office when it was five years old — and already worth billions. It routinely hires lots of top-tier, veteran lobbyists, as does Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The current lobbying environment is ideal. Many lawmakers still don't fully grasp the technology. Congress long ago defunded its in-house technology office, which could have taught them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook reported its 2017 lobbying cost at nearly $12 million. Google spent even more: $18 million. ... Some of the money goes to think tanks, where experts can shape policy debates on Capitol Hill. ... Then there's campaign money. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook's PAC and employees made political contributions totaling $4.5 million in the 2016 cycle, according to the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics. For Google's parent company, Alphabet, the total was nearly $8 million.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Lawmakers+Push+Zuckerberg+On+Security%2C+Diversity%2C+Drug+Sales+On+Facebook&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=599590470&mediaId=599595502\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3:08 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/10/599808766/i-m-responsible-for-what-happens-at-facebook-mark-zuckerberg-will-tell-senate\">five hours of testimony\u003c/a> before a joint session of two Senate committees on Tuesday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg returned to the Capitol for a second straight day of grilling — this time before the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For another five hours, Zuckerberg took questions from the House Energy and Commerce Committee. Representatives took a generally sharp tone, pushing Zuckerberg to commit to yes or no answers and occasionally exclaiming with mock surprise when he protested that he couldn't answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the questions extended far beyond security, privacy and data sharing, to address diversity at Facebook headquarters and whether the company is tacitly allowing illegal drug sales on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can watch video of the proceedings above, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmA3TsQ_ULo\">on YouTube via PBS\u003c/a>. Or, of course, read on for highlights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661063/watch-live-testimony-by-zuckerberg-about-use-and-abuse-of-data\">Mark Zuckerberg Tells Senate: Election Security Is an 'Arms Race'\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The congressional hearings, Zuckerberg's first, come in the wake of a scandal in which Facebook user data was sold to Cambridge Analytica, a third-party group that assisted the Trump campaign. (Cambridge Analytica \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CamAnalytica/status/983783500405977089\">says\u003c/a> it did not use the Facebook data in its 2016 election work.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg has repeatedly apologized for the Cambridge Analytica scandal, while blaming the information sharing on a researcher who, according to Facebook, violated the platform's terms of service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg says he found out that the data were sold to Cambridge Analytica after \u003cem>The Guardian \u003c/em>reported on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do you routinely learn about these violations through the press?\" Rep. Mike Doyle, D-Pa., asked on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes we do,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told members of the House that his own data were included in the privacy breach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11661418\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11661418\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-944724840_wide-efe825aca5130c082689eaa3634e375d7917057b-s1600-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook co-founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg prepares to testify before the House Energy and Commerce Committee in the Rayburn House Office Building on Capitol Hill on Wednesday. This is the second day of testimony before Congress by Zuckerberg, 33. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few of the other topics discussed in the hearing:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>is\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Facebook? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Greg Walden, R-Ore., committee chairman, noted that Facebook has exclusive broadcasting deals as well as tools that allow people to transfer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Is Facebook a media company?\" he asked. \"Is Facebook a financial institution?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg replied: \"I consider us to be a technology company because the primary thing that we do is have engineers that write code and build products and services for other people. There are certainly other things that we do. ... We build planes to help connect people, and I don't consider us to be an aerospace company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been testing planes that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/07/22/487021786/watch-facebook-tests-internet-beaming-plane\">broadcast internet signals \u003c/a>to the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does Facebook's data collection amount to surveillance of users? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Bobby Rush, D-Ill., accused Facebook of \"the wholesale invasion and manipulation of users' right to privacy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What is the difference between Facebook's methodology and the methodology of the American political pariah J. Edgar Hoover?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The difference is extremely clear, which is that on Facebook you have control over your information,\" Zuckerberg said. \"The content that you share, you put there. ... The information that we collect, you can choose to have us not collect. You can delete any of it, and of course, you can leave Facebook if you want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know of no surveillance organization that gives people the option to delete the data that they have or even know what they're collecting,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do consumers understand what they've agreed to as they use Facebook? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walden asked Zuckerberg, \"Did it ever cross your mind that you should be communicating more clearly with users about how Facebook is monetizing their data?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that we do try to explain what we do as time goes on,\" Zuckerberg said. Every time someone adds content to Facebook, he said, there is \"a control right there about who you want to share it with. ... I think that in the product that's quite clear. I do think that we can do a better job of explaining how our advertising works.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Michael Burgess, R-Texas, approached the same question from a different angle. \"Can the average layperson look at the terms and conditions and make the evaluation: Is this strong enough protection for me to enter into this arrangement?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said, \"I think if someone wanted to know that they could, but a lot of people probably just accept terms of service without taking the time to read through it. I view our responsibility not as just legally complying with laying it out, getting that consent, but actually trying to make sure that people understand what's happening throughout the product.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He repeatedly said he believes users do understand how their data will be used. Multiple lawmakers expressed skepticism on that point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The question of financial penalties\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an occasionally tense exchange, Rep. Diana DeGette, D-Colo., challenged Zuckerberg over his company's billions of dollars in profit and what she described as the lack of financial penalty over prior privacy breaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cited two settled class-action lawsuits — \u003cem>Lane v. Facebook\u003c/em>, in which users received no compensation, and \u003cem>Fraley v. Facebook\u003c/em>, in which users received $15 each. DeGette expressed surprise when Zuckerberg said he was not familiar with the details of the cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661220/how-to-check-if-your-facebook-data-was-used-by-cambridge-analytica\">How to Check If Your Facebook Data Was Used by Cambridge Analytica\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She also asked whether there was a financial penalty involved after a Federal Trade Commission investigation ended in a 2011 consent decree. Zuckerberg said he couldn't remember, which prompted more skepticism from DeGette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason you probably don't remember is because the FTC doesn't have the authority to issue penalties for first-time violations,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to have these abuses and these data breaches, but at the same time, it doesn't seem like future activities are prevented,\" DeGette said. \"I think one of the things that we need to look at in the future ... is putting really robust penalties in place in case of improper actions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On racial diversity within Facebook's staff and leadership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congressional Black Caucus member Rep. G.K. Butterfield, D-N.C., said that Facebook lists five leaders on its website, none of whom are black. \"This does not reflect America,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a broader leadership than just five people,\" Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Do you plan to add an African-American to your leadership team in the foreseeable future and will you commit that you will continue to work with us, the Congressional Black Caucus, to increase diversity within your company?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressman, we will certainly work with you,\" Zuckerberg said. \"This is an important issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butterfield asked for data on the retention of employees by race; Zuckerberg said he would discuss it with his team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Yvette Clarke, D-N.Y., also pushed Zuckerberg hard on the question of diversity, tying the \"monolithic\" makeup of the company to Facebook's failures to anticipate and prevent disinformation campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is Facebook doing enough to stop opioid sales?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. David McKinley, R-W.Va., brought up America's opioid crisis and posted a photo of drugs available for sale on Facebook, no prescription necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your platform is still being used to circumvent the law and allow people to buy highly addictive drugs without a prescription,\" he said. \"Facebook is actually enabling an illegal activity and in so doing, you are hurting people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg replied that \"there are a number of areas of content that we need to do a better job policing on our service.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You've said before you were going to take down those ads but you didn't do it,\" McKinley said. \"When are you going to take them down? ... Where is your accountability to allow this to be occurring?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said Facebook relies on users flagging inappropriate content to be taken down. He said with billions of pieces of content shared daily, it was not feasible for the company to examine all those posts. But he said the company hopes to use artificial intelligence tools to help flag inappropriate content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Facebook's collection of data on non-Facebook users \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg's congressional testimony has focused on how Facebook handles user data. But Rep. Ben Luján, D-N.M., pushed Zuckerberg on how exactly Facebook uses the data of people who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/blog/privacy-technology/internet-privacy/facebook-tracking-me-even-though-im-not-facebook\">not users of the service.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their conversation went like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Luján: \"Facebook has detailed profiles on people who have never signed up for Facebook, yes or no?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"In general, we collect data from people who have not signed up from Facebook for security purposes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"... On average, how many data points does Facebook have on each Facebook user?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"I do not know off the top of my head.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"The average for non-Facebook platforms is 1,500. It's been reported that Facebook has as many as 29,000 data points for an average Facebook user. Do you know how many points of data Facebook has on the average non-Facebook user?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"Congressman, I do not off the top off my head, but I can have our team get back to you afterwards.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"I'd appreciate that. It's been admitted by Facebook that you do collect data points on non-Facebook users, so my question is, can someone who does not have a Facebook account opt out of Facebook's involuntary data collection?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg: \"Congressman, anyone can turn off and opt out of any data collection for ads, whether they use our services or not, but in order to prevent people from scraping public information ... we need to know when someone is trying to repeatedly access our services ... \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luján: \"You've said everyone controls their data but you are collecting data on people who are not even Facebook users, that have never signed a consent, a privacy agreement, and you're collecting their data. And it may surprise you that on Facebook's page, when you go to '\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/103846099705922?helpref=search&sr=1&query=I+don%27t+have+a+facebook+account\">I don't have a Facebook account and would like to request all my personal data stored by Facebook\u003c/a>,' it takes you to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/help/contact/180237885820953\">form\u003c/a> that says, 'Go to your Facebook page and then on your account settings you can download your data.' ... You're directing people who don't even have a Facebook page to have to sign up for a page to reach their data. We've got to fix that.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does Facebook use information it collects\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>as opposed to what users provide?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony, Zuckerberg has consistently emphasized the information people voluntarily supply to Facebook — photos they upload, status updates they write, pages they click \"like\" on. He says people own that data and can delete it at any time. He also stresses that Facebook, while it uses that data to power its ad business, does not sell the data itself to advertisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joe Kennedy, D-Mass., pressed Zuckerberg on something different — the \"metadata\" about users that Facebook gathers without users uploading it themselves. That includes things like when and how users access Facebook, and what they click on or look at, including on sites other than Facebook. (\u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> recently published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/graphics/how-pizza-night-can-cost-more-in-data-than-dollars/\">visual breakdown\u003c/a> of data provided vs. data collected by various platforms.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's an awful lot of information that is generated that people don't think that they're generating, and that advertisers are being able to target because Facebook collects it,\" Kennedy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes,\" Zuckerberg said. \"My understanding is that the targeting options that are available for advertisers are generally things that are based on what people share. Now, once an advertiser chooses how they want to target something, Facebook also does its own work to rank and determine which ads are going to be interesting to which people. So we may use metadata or other behaviors of what you've shown that you're interested in in news feeds or other places in order to make our systems more relevant to you, but that's a little bit different from giving that as an option to an advertiser.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't understand how users then own that data,\" Kennedy said. He then ran out of time for questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On its \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/business/help/182371508761821?helpref=search&sr=2&query=ad%20interests\">business help pages\u003c/a>, Facebook tells advertisers it can target ads based on, among other things, users' purchase behaviors and \"activities people engage in on and off Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of Congress also asked pointed questions about how Facebook will defend civil rights — by preventing \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-fair-housing-lawsuit-ad-discrimination\">housing discrimination\u003c/a> in advertising, for instance — whether the platform suppresses conservative speech or might in the future, and the degree of responsibility Facebook has over content on its platform, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/11/601323233/6-facts-we-know-about-fake-news-in-the-2016-election\">disinformation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the hearing before the Senate covered many of the same topics as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR's Peter Overby \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/09/600233409/lobbyists-campaign-cash-and-think-tanks-how-silicon-valley-tackled-politics\">reported earlier this week\u003c/a>, Facebook — like Silicon Valley in general — has grown more involved in Washington politics over the years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Facebook opened its D.C. office when it was five years old — and already worth billions. It routinely hires lots of top-tier, veteran lobbyists, as does Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The current lobbying environment is ideal. Many lawmakers still don't fully grasp the technology. Congress long ago defunded its in-house technology office, which could have taught them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook reported its 2017 lobbying cost at nearly $12 million. Google spent even more: $18 million. ... Some of the money goes to think tanks, where experts can shape policy debates on Capitol Hill. ... Then there's campaign money. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook's PAC and employees made political contributions totaling $4.5 million in the 2016 cycle, according to the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics. For Google's parent company, Alphabet, the total was nearly $8 million.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Lawmakers+Push+Zuckerberg+On+Security%2C+Diversity%2C+Drug+Sales+On+Facebook&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "White House: Mueller Is Overreaching and Trump Has the Power to Fire Him",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump believes Justice Department special counsel Robert Mueller has gone too far in his probe of potential ties between Trump's campaign and Russian interference in the 2016 election, White House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her statement to reporters did little to tamp down speculation that Trump may seek to fire Mueller — an authority that Sanders says Trump enjoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/09/600942396/fbi-raids-office-of-trump-attorney-michael-cohen\">raided the office\u003c/a> of Trump's longtime personal attorney, Michael Cohen, on Monday following a referral from Mueller. The targeting of Cohen prompted a furious response from Trump, who said Monday that the raid represented an \"attack on our country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about Trump's comments, Sanders said at a White House briefing on Tuesday that Trump was frustrated by the special counsel's investigation. She also seemed to assert that the president has the authority to fire Mueller directly — as opposed to, for example, needing to instruct Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been advised that the president certainly has the power to make that decision,\" Sanders said. She would not say whether firing Mueller is under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House and Trump's lawyers have in the past repeatedly said Trump was not planning to fire Mueller. Legislative leaders including House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., have said they've \"received assurances\" that Mueller's job is secure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ty Cobb, the White House lawyer dealing with the special counsel investigation, has not responded to NPR requests for comment on Mueller's future since the Cohen raid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Justice Department rules, a special counsel can only be fired for \"good cause,\" and some legal experts say that to remove Mueller, Trump would have to go through Rosenstein, who appointed Mueller after Attorney General Jeff Sessions recused himself from investigations of the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had harsh words for Sessions and Rosenstein on Monday, but Sanders would not say whether Trump would take any action to move them from their posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump reportedly sought to fire Mueller last summer, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/26/580964814/the-10-events-you-need-to-know-to-understand-the-almost-firing-of-robert-mueller\">White House counsel Don McGahn refused to go along\u003c/a>. Trump dismissed that report as \"fake news.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats Call for Legislation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trump's remarks on Monday prompted top Senate Democrats to renew their calls to pass bipartisan legislation to protect Mueller's job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said it \"looks more and more like a possibility\" that the president will move to fire Mueller and shut down the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We Democrats are urging our Republican colleagues to work with us now to pass legislation to protect his investigation and head off a constitutional crisis that would be devastating to this country. Let's not wait until it's too late,\" Schumer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are several bipartisan Senate bills intended to protect Mueller. Sens. Chris Coons, D-Del., and Thom Tillis, R-N.C., introduced legislation last August that would create a process to let a fired special counsel appeal the removal before a panel of three federal judges within 14 days of the firing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the judges ruled the firing was without cause, the special counsel would be reinstated immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is long past time for us to move forward with this legislation,\" Coons said on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Republicans Sanguine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Republicans' posture has not changed since the last flare-up about Mueller's job security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP leaders have maintained that Mueller's investigation should run its course without interference and that there is no need to move forward with legislation to protect Mueller because they do not believe the president will make any moves to fire him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still my view that Mueller should be able to finish his job, I think that's the view of most people in Congress,\" said Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The political backlash that might follow a move by Trump to get rid of Mueller would be so intense that the White House has a powerful incentive not to attempt it, the thinking goes. Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said Tuesday that Trump would be committing \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/10/politics/chuck-grassley-firing-mueller-suicide/index.html\">\"suicide.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, for McConnell, there is no need for Senate Republicans to pass a bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I haven't seen clear indication yet that we needed to pass something to keep him from being removed because I don't think that's going to happen, and that remains my view,\" McConnell said Tuesday. \"I don't think he's going to be removed from this office, he shouldn't be removed from the office, he should be allowed to finish the job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tamara Keith contributed to this story.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=White+House%3A+Mueller+Is+Overreaching+And+Trump+Has+The+Power+To+Fire+Him&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump believes Justice Department special counsel Robert Mueller has gone too far in his probe of potential ties between Trump's campaign and Russian interference in the 2016 election, White House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her statement to reporters did little to tamp down speculation that Trump may seek to fire Mueller — an authority that Sanders says Trump enjoys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/09/600942396/fbi-raids-office-of-trump-attorney-michael-cohen\">raided the office\u003c/a> of Trump's longtime personal attorney, Michael Cohen, on Monday following a referral from Mueller. The targeting of Cohen prompted a furious response from Trump, who said Monday that the raid represented an \"attack on our country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about Trump's comments, Sanders said at a White House briefing on Tuesday that Trump was frustrated by the special counsel's investigation. She also seemed to assert that the president has the authority to fire Mueller directly — as opposed to, for example, needing to instruct Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been advised that the president certainly has the power to make that decision,\" Sanders said. She would not say whether firing Mueller is under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House and Trump's lawyers have in the past repeatedly said Trump was not planning to fire Mueller. Legislative leaders including House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., have said they've \"received assurances\" that Mueller's job is secure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ty Cobb, the White House lawyer dealing with the special counsel investigation, has not responded to NPR requests for comment on Mueller's future since the Cohen raid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Justice Department rules, a special counsel can only be fired for \"good cause,\" and some legal experts say that to remove Mueller, Trump would have to go through Rosenstein, who appointed Mueller after Attorney General Jeff Sessions recused himself from investigations of the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had harsh words for Sessions and Rosenstein on Monday, but Sanders would not say whether Trump would take any action to move them from their posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump reportedly sought to fire Mueller last summer, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/26/580964814/the-10-events-you-need-to-know-to-understand-the-almost-firing-of-robert-mueller\">White House counsel Don McGahn refused to go along\u003c/a>. Trump dismissed that report as \"fake news.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats Call for Legislation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trump's remarks on Monday prompted top Senate Democrats to renew their calls to pass bipartisan legislation to protect Mueller's job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said it \"looks more and more like a possibility\" that the president will move to fire Mueller and shut down the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We Democrats are urging our Republican colleagues to work with us now to pass legislation to protect his investigation and head off a constitutional crisis that would be devastating to this country. Let's not wait until it's too late,\" Schumer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are several bipartisan Senate bills intended to protect Mueller. Sens. Chris Coons, D-Del., and Thom Tillis, R-N.C., introduced legislation last August that would create a process to let a fired special counsel appeal the removal before a panel of three federal judges within 14 days of the firing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the judges ruled the firing was without cause, the special counsel would be reinstated immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is long past time for us to move forward with this legislation,\" Coons said on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Republicans Sanguine\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Republicans' posture has not changed since the last flare-up about Mueller's job security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP leaders have maintained that Mueller's investigation should run its course without interference and that there is no need to move forward with legislation to protect Mueller because they do not believe the president will make any moves to fire him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still my view that Mueller should be able to finish his job, I think that's the view of most people in Congress,\" said Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The political backlash that might follow a move by Trump to get rid of Mueller would be so intense that the White House has a powerful incentive not to attempt it, the thinking goes. Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said Tuesday that Trump would be committing \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/10/politics/chuck-grassley-firing-mueller-suicide/index.html\">\"suicide.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, for McConnell, there is no need for Senate Republicans to pass a bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I haven't seen clear indication yet that we needed to pass something to keep him from being removed because I don't think that's going to happen, and that remains my view,\" McConnell said Tuesday. \"I don't think he's going to be removed from this office, he shouldn't be removed from the office, he should be allowed to finish the job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tamara Keith contributed to this story.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=White+House%3A+Mueller+Is+Overreaching+And+Trump+Has+The+Power+To+Fire+Him&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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