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"disqusTitle": "Theranos Presentation Mostly a Dud, Say Scientists",
"title": "Theranos Presentation Mostly a Dud, Say Scientists",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Forget \"Edison.\" Let's talk \"miniLab.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the message Elizabeth Holmes sent at her highly anticipated presentation Monday at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's annual meeting in Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In retrospect it was no different from going to a typical talk by a sponsored vendor.'\u003ccite>Dr. Jerry Yeo, University of Chicago\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Speaking for roughly 55 minutes in front of an estimated 2,650 people -- most of them laboratory scientists -- Holmes introduced a new device that can fit on a desktop. The machine, called a miniLab, integrates several blood-testing methodologies and, using robots and the company's proprietary \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nanotainer\" target=\"_blank\">nanotainer\u003c/a>\" collection tube, will be able to process small volumes of blood remotely and send data back to a centralized location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes presented internal company data that showed the system worked for a range of tests, including a new assay for Zika.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Jerry Yeo, however, director of clinical chemistry laboratories at the University of Chicago, seemed to speak for a number of scientists when he summed up his response this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1op21qHuw941CUAVPi6ZWhtkUjJaSEaz\"]\"There was nothing revolutionary or disruptive behind the technology of the miniLab,\" Yeo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeo said the miniLab uses spectrophotometry and other measurement principles that are \"well known in the field and are existing, current technologies employed by many diagnostic vendors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the internal performance data Holmes showed \"looked impressive,\" he said, \"ultimately the proof will require that these units be tested in independent clinical labs, so for now the jury is out, until we see some peer-reviewed publications from those sources.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeo also said the data Holmes provided were incomplete in terms of fully assessing the machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In retrospect it was no different from going to a typical talk by a sponsored vendor,\" Yeo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Stephen R. Master, one of the event's moderators, said the presentation might have gone better had Theranos not previously made so many grandiose claims, most notably that it could perform dozens of tests from just a few drops of blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When push came to shove, what they actually showed was far, far less,\" Master said. \"It wasn’t 'Give me a couple of drops of blood and I’ll do everything. It was 'I'll do a panel of four tests here, or six or eight. Can they do more? They didn't show it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Master said that while many of his colleagues thought including different pieces of lab equipment in a box was an interesting feat of engineering, \"It's not as if there's something here we haven't fundamentally seen before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He contrasted Theranos' presentation with one he saw the night before, at a plenary session. The presenter \"also had a box with a bunch of different modules, but he had over 200 peer-reviewed papers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the criticism, Theranos Scientific and Medical Advisory Board member Susan Evans said Holmes demonstrated that the architecture of Theranos' technologies, as well as the associated science and technology, are sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Innovations like this are very exciting,\" Evans said. \"The Theranos miniLab has the potential to increase access and bring laboratory testing to the patient, whether close to home or in remote locations that are currently underserved.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(This response, by the way, was sent through public relations colossus Hill+Knowlton Strategies -- now, apparently, working with Theranos.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I was not that impressed with the technology, but at least she shared the technology they have.’\u003ccite>Dr. David Koch, former president AACC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Many if not most of the audience were expecting Holmes to present data concerning the technology, known as \"Edison,\" behind the problematic consumer blood tests the company ran over the past few years. As part of an attempt to correct problems flagged by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Theranos was forced to invalidate tens of thousands of these tests, some of which are now the subject of lawsuits, including one that claims incorrect test results led to a heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nowhere in her presentation did Holmes present validating data for Edison. Nor did she address problems at the company's California lab that have led to her two-year suspension from owning or operating a lab, and to severe penalties for Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We know there’s a lot of questions about the past,” Holmes said, \"and in the appropriate forum, we’ll address those.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the technology known as \"Edison,\" the subject of so much controversy over the past year, is obsolete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the presentation, Holmes answered questions from the audience for about 35 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in the audience was Dr. David Koch, director of clinical chemistry at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta and a past president of the AACC. About the miniLab, he said, \"I was not that impressed with the technology. I think it’s apparently still coming along, but at least she shared the technology they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch said colleagues noted the absence of any data concerning Theranos' famous claim to be able to perform multiple tests from just a few drops of blood from a fingerprick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, \"I'm glad she came. It's a start.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Greg Miller, professor of pathology at Virginia Commonwealth University, said he thought Holmes did a \"credible job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She explained the technology they’ve developed. She made it clear it’s the newest version of the technology and that it’s gone through several generations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Miller wouldn't call the data presented \"a full validation, of the method or the technology,\" he said \"it showed credibility for the example she showed, and it shows potential for it being a useful piece of technology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consensus in the Media: A Failure\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No on has taken a poll of the couple of thousand lab experts in the audience, but the reaction that has made its way through to media covering Theranos, as well as the media's characterization of the presentation itself, mostly ranges from tepid to extremely negative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Stockton of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2016/08/theranos-chance-clear-name-instead-tried-pivot/\" target=\"_blank\">Wired\u003c/a> expressed a common theme:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The miniLab itself still has to get validated by an independent lab. And even that wouldn’t give Theranos the clean slate it desires. Not from this crowd. Remember, this company got famous claiming faster, cheaper, painless, and above all revolutionary tests. Now it wants that same level of attention to pitch a mini lab that features no radically new technology.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>From Jen Christensen, at \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/02/health/theranos-holmes-presentation/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">CNN\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)he broader feeling seemed to be that there was not enough there. Some of the crowd lingered after the session to discuss the ideas with their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's just not enough data here,\" said Bobby Reddy, who runs a lab-related tech startup in Urbana, Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The failing here is to show up without enough data to show that the technology works. It might be enough for a poster session, but not this,\" said Joshua Hayden at Weill Cornell Medicine, who works with one of the moderators at the conference session. \"This industry is hungry for new ideas, we want disruptive technology in this field. But this doesn't seem to be it so far, and most of us don't like all the smoke and mirrors they've used over the years.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Matthew Herper of \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/08/01/theranos-presents-data-on-new-blood-test-machine-remains-mum-on-previous-technology/#7d5bf7974159\" target=\"_blank\">Forbes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Everything we’re interested in, they’re not talking about,” says Daniel Holmes (no relation), head of clinical chemistry at St. Paul’s Hospital in British Columbia, who reviewed the presentation for FORBES. “This is essentially a prototype instrument. They’re doing initial studies of a prototype.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoffrey Baird, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Washington who has been critical of Theranos, went further, calling the presentation “a bait and switch.” He says: “We’re not seeing Theranos technology. We’re seeing an early-stage technology, an idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as it goes, the data do seem to show a promising prototype. The data do show some agreement between the miniLab and existing devices used by Siemens. The question will be how convincing outside experts find these results.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Christina Farr at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fastcompany.com/3062433/scientists-wanted-transparency-from-theranos-but-got-a-product-launch-instead\" target=\"_blank\">Fast Company\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Clearly, the scientific and medical community was hoping for a data-driven discussion today, and instead got a new product announcement,\" says John Torous, a psychiatrist and clinical informatics fellow at Harvard Medical School. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(S)cientists are questioning whether the MiniLab technology is a breakthrough. The current market is already fairly saturated: Abbott's iStat system, for instance, is a handheld device for clinicians to test patients for a plethora of common tests. Roche just received FDA clearance for its Cobas device, which can test for ailments like the flu and some strep infections in under 20 minutes. And Theranos competitors Quest and Labcorp already operate versions of this type of equipment in their own labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't imagine why they're wasting their time,\" says MIT-trained material scientist and biotech entrepreneur Kaveh Milaninia by phone. \"It's a tough market.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And (Theranos' Public Enemy No. 1) \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">John Carreyrou of \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The data covered 11 blood tests, but the miniLab can’t perform all of those tests on a single 160-microliter blood sample, according to a person familiar with the matter. At most, the miniLab can perform only three or four tests on a sample of that size, so a patient ordering all 11 tests would need to have his finger pricked three to four times, the person said….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some lab experts at the conference said the underlying lab techniques relied on by Theranos’s new device, such as spectrophotometry, have been in use for years. The length of time needed to process samples and produce results, ranging from 20 minutes to two hours, also doesn’t improve on what is commercially available, some lab experts said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Beth Mole of \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/08/with-chance-to-soothe-theranos-critics-with-data-holmes-gives-sales-pitch/\" target=\"_blank\">Ars Technica\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Yesterday’s presentation could have been the data-driven turning point Holmes has been promising. And the conference attendees—experts in clinical testing—gathered anxiously to hear the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of validation studies of its existing technology, they got, essentially, a sales pitch for future technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes spent her entire 45-minute time slot talking about a new blood testing device called the miniLab. Any questions about the company's old, disastrous blood testing device (the Edison) were flatly refused—even including questions about the differences between the Edison and miniLab.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some in the audience, or those who were following online, expressed their dissatisfaction with the presentation on Twitter:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AAdamsonMD/status/760243720981716992\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CherylRofer/status/760235711106654210\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/rvaughanw/status/760233452574765056\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NVTolan/status/760231507512463360\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/clayew/status/760231816796200960\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Rachakonda_V/status/760231187772153856\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JohnTorousMD/status/760220182740697090\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/fishbyte/status/760229430484733952\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Previous post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey, try this archetypal nightmare out for size ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Youʼre in a room. Speaking. There are people there -- hundreds and hundreds of people. They are not particularly friendly. Actually, they are hostile. You have displeased them. You had made certain unsubstantiated claims about something they know a great deal about. Yes, they are experts. They know exactly how to determine what is truth. And what is ... \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then you wake up. Covered in sweat ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is pretty much the scenario Theranos CEO and founder Elizabeth Holmes is going to face on Monday in Philadelphia, at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's 68th Annual Scientific Meeting & Clinical Lab Expo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes will \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacc.org/meetings-and-events/2016-annual-meeting-and-expo/conference-program/theranos-science-and-technology\" target=\"_blank\">present\u003c/a>, for the first time and in front of hundreds of lab experts, “reproducibility and correlation data” for the blood-testing technology her company claims to have developed but has never proven to the satisfaction of the scientific community. Holmes will also “share data to demonstrate the precision and accuracy” of its tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If she presents us with scientific data ... she could feasibly convince people in the room that she has what she has been saying she has, all along.'\u003ccite>Dr. Patti Jones,\u003cbr>\nAmerican Association for Clinical Chemists\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Those tests can ostensibly be performed using only a small amount of capillary blood from a patient's finger, instead of the traditional tubes-full taken from a vein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\">Wall Street Journal investigation\u003c/a> characterized those claims as dubious. Later, a Theranos lab in California was found by its regulator to be so deficient as to represent a threat to patients' lives. And this month, regulators suspended the lab’s license and banned Holmes from owning, operating or directing a blood-testing lab for two years. (The company has until early September to appeal the government’s decision, and the suspensions don’t take place for the appeal period.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the U.S. Attorneyʼs Office for the Northern District of California and the SEC are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/18/elizabeth-holmes-says-theranos-will-absolutely-survive-video/\" target=\"_blank\">investigating\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/07/19/lawsuit-faulty-theranos-test-results-contributed-to-heart-attack/\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuits aplenty\u003c/a> have been filed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Oo2Y0iji0udKw2zJpUVJaUL2HOf28w6T\"]Now Theranos is typically described with adjectives ranging from “troubled” to “beleaguered” to “disgraced.” And the company, once valued at $9 billion, is in serious danger of becoming permanent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CU94GPs-LQw&ab_channel=texasjoehotdoggy\" target=\"_blank\">shorthand\u003c/a> for greed-driven Silicon Valley hubris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Holmes has any chance of rebuilding her shattered reputation, and if Theranos is to have any chance of clawing its way back to respectability, it will start in Philadelphia, on Monday. The company has appointed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-announces-leading-medical-and-laboratory-experts-join-scientific-and-medical-advisory-board\" target=\"_blank\">scientific and medical advisory board\u003c/a>, in part to help with \"publication and presentation in scientific journals and at scientific meetings.\" The board includes several former AACC officials, so one would assume Holmes will, as they say, come correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>90 Minutes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, whatever she presents may or may not be enough to convert hardcore skeptics. The presentation will last 45 minutes, followed by a 45-minute question-and-answer period, according to AACC members helping with the session. Anywhere from 800 to 1,500 people are expected to be in attendance, and the presentation is open to anyone who registers for the conference, including the media, though no questions from reporters will be taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three moderators will ask their own questions as well as questions from the audience, which will be forwarded to the moderators after three other experts come to a consensus as what is most scientifically relevant to the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The reason why a lot of us are skeptical, and perhaps even disgusted with the whole thing, is that they had a very cavalier attitude about the data that they were producing.' \u003ccite>Dr. David Koch, Grady Memorial Hospital\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The AACC had extended an invitation to Holmes for several years before she agreed to come speak. The announcement of this year's talk came soon after the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services threatened unprecedented sanctions against Theranos, as well as news of the U.S. Attorneyʼs and SEC's investigations.I asked Dr. Patti Jones, who made the decision to invite Holmes this year, if she had any reservations after all that news shook out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course,” said Jones, who is the clinical director of the chemistry and metabolic disease labs at Children’s Medical Center in Dallas. “I reconsidered every step along the way. But the bottom line is, I really think there is an opportunity to really see data here, to see the science. AACCʼs members have the expertise to interpret what she tells us. To be able to look at that data and say, 'Okay,' or 'Not okay.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones said she had heard from members both opposed and in support of the invitation, and that the opposition was “much more\u003cbr>\nvocal.” She said no one from the AACC leadership will see Holmesʼ presentation in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Weʼre not endorsing her in any way,\" Jones said. \"Weʼre just providing a room to show us what she has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked her if Holmes had any chance, given recent history, of convincing her colleagues she's legit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think she can,” Jones said. “I think if she presents us with scientific data that shows not only that her system -- both the collection and the analysis work -- but how well they work in comparison to other methods, then she could feasibly convince people in the room that she has what she has been saying she has all along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_156559\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/05/ap_458918420528_wide-7b077d6d2c055cd84422729660306a155c7c88a8-e1469754321977.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-156559 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/05/ap_458918420528_wide-7b077d6d2c055cd84422729660306a155c7c88a8-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"Elizabeth Holmes, founder and CEO of Theranos, speaks at the Fortune Global Forum in San Francisco, Nov. 2, 2015.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elizabeth Holmes speaks at the Fortune Global Forum in San Francisco, Nov. 2, 2015.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I asked five other experts in laboratory medicine, most of whom will be in attendance Monday, what Holmes has to do to turn things around. Here are edited excerpts from those conversations:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. David Koch, director of clinical chemistry, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta; former president AACC\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She really needs to talk about how she and Theranos didn't understand clinical laboratories and how best to practice laboratory medicine. She needs to acknowledge that they've made mistakes and that she has, in fact, made a turn from past practices and behaviors. She needs to say one of those mistakes was not sharing data, not having it vetted by professionals in the field, and not coming to meetings such as the AACC Annual Meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Their technology is still a black box, which nobody knows what the details are. Anything that she presents would not be peer-reviewed.\u003ccite>Dr. Eleftherios Diamandis,\u003cbr>\nMount Sinai Hospital, Toronto\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The reason why a lot of us are skeptical, and perhaps even disgusted with the whole thing, is that they had a very cavalier attitude about the data they were producing, much of which turns out to apparently not be correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laboratory has advanced year by year for the whole history of our profession, and if this is one more advancement, fine. But we want to see the data and even evaluate the instrument or device in our laboratories. Or in physicians offices, drugstores, or even in patients' homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I expect some hard questions, especially if her presentation is a little lacking, weak on substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Eleftherios Diamandis, division head of clinical biochemistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto; \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghdonline.org/uploads/Diamandis_-_2015_-%20_Theranos_phenomenon_promises_and_fallacies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\"Theranos phenomenon: Promises and fallacies\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the AACC is in a very odd situation, to have a lecture by somebody who was caught manipulating quality assurance, delivering results that some people believe have endangered patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Their situation is so unique that they really just need to turn this machine over to a completely independent person.'\u003ccite>Dr. Norman Paradis, Dartmouth College\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I think her reputation is in big question here. Irrespective of the opinion of people like me, that she shouldn't be invited in the first place, apparently she's going to show up and give the lecture, although I will wait until I see her before I believe that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their technology is still a black box, which nobody knows what the details are. They still haven't published a single word. Anything that she presents would not be peer-reviewed. It will be something that experts in the field have not seen or had a chance to really criticize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will be a major hurdle, because she can come and tell us anything she wants. She's got the magic black box. You put in one little drop of blood and you get 1,000 analyses with impossible accuracy,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how am I going to be able to verify that the claims are actually correct? I will only believe it if experts evaluate this technology and find it to be robust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Fred Apple, medical director of clinical laboratories, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minnesota\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iʼm hoping we're going to see, ʻHereʼs my technology, hereʼs my process, how we generate data, and here is the R&D weʼve done that proves our technology works.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We want to look at clinical sensitivity, limits of detection, reproducibility, analytical correlation against another assay, turnaround time, stability of samples, as well as how it compares to whatʼs already out there in the literature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Show me some data and a statistically relevant number of patients, so we can do some comparisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Jerry Yeo, director, clinical chemistry laboratories, Department of Pathology, University of Chicago\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Holmes has a very high bar to clear to gain\u003cbr>\ncredibility, given her history of secrecy, lack of peer-reviewed publications and most damaging, the abject failures with compliance with basic requirements of the CLIA (Clinical Labroatory Improvement Amendments) guidelines leading to CMS banning her for 2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if she suddenly revealed “revolutionary performance data” of her mysterious Edison invention, she still has to explain how that system managed to put out two years of bad data that had to be\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\"> voided, corrected\u003c/a>. Or how the system failed to comply with CLIA\u003cbr>\nregulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I seriously doubt she can do all that at this AACC venue. If it turns out to be a highly staged presentation with sanitized, prescreened questions, it might produce an opposite effect of loss of credibility to\u003cbr>\nboth Holmes and AACC leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Norman Paradis, professor of medicine, Dartmouth; \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/25/analysis-why-medical-lab-experts-were-always-skeptical-of-theranos/\" target=\"_blank\">\"Why Medical Lab Experts Were Always Skeptical of Theranos\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she puts up real data, there's got to be some credibility associated with that. But this has never really happened before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big pharma gets in trouble every so often in big ways, but this just doesn't tend to happen in diagnostics: People know how to validate assays. That's not a new thing. You could take your tech and just go to a completely independent university-based group to validate it. You can do it internally, by bringing in what's called a clinical research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA has published a voluminous document on good clinical practices. Why it's taken so long is just not clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I do think if they show real data, that will be something. If she's managed to get data in a stealth manner, get data that is independent, then that obviously would be a much more reassuring thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they still need to get FDA approval. And this won't move them along at all on that front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their situation is so unique that they really just need to turn this machine over to a completely independent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is absolutely an amazing story. I've never seen anything like it.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The founder of the beleaguered company sought to turn the page on deficiencies in its blood-testing technology by unveiling a new device.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Forget \"Edison.\" Let's talk \"miniLab.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the message Elizabeth Holmes sent at her highly anticipated presentation Monday at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's annual meeting in Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In retrospect it was no different from going to a typical talk by a sponsored vendor.'\u003ccite>Dr. Jerry Yeo, University of Chicago\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Speaking for roughly 55 minutes in front of an estimated 2,650 people -- most of them laboratory scientists -- Holmes introduced a new device that can fit on a desktop. The machine, called a miniLab, integrates several blood-testing methodologies and, using robots and the company's proprietary \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nanotainer\" target=\"_blank\">nanotainer\u003c/a>\" collection tube, will be able to process small volumes of blood remotely and send data back to a centralized location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes presented internal company data that showed the system worked for a range of tests, including a new assay for Zika.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Jerry Yeo, however, director of clinical chemistry laboratories at the University of Chicago, seemed to speak for a number of scientists when he summed up his response this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\"There was nothing revolutionary or disruptive behind the technology of the miniLab,\" Yeo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeo said the miniLab uses spectrophotometry and other measurement principles that are \"well known in the field and are existing, current technologies employed by many diagnostic vendors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the internal performance data Holmes showed \"looked impressive,\" he said, \"ultimately the proof will require that these units be tested in independent clinical labs, so for now the jury is out, until we see some peer-reviewed publications from those sources.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeo also said the data Holmes provided were incomplete in terms of fully assessing the machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In retrospect it was no different from going to a typical talk by a sponsored vendor,\" Yeo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Stephen R. Master, one of the event's moderators, said the presentation might have gone better had Theranos not previously made so many grandiose claims, most notably that it could perform dozens of tests from just a few drops of blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When push came to shove, what they actually showed was far, far less,\" Master said. \"It wasn’t 'Give me a couple of drops of blood and I’ll do everything. It was 'I'll do a panel of four tests here, or six or eight. Can they do more? They didn't show it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Master said that while many of his colleagues thought including different pieces of lab equipment in a box was an interesting feat of engineering, \"It's not as if there's something here we haven't fundamentally seen before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He contrasted Theranos' presentation with one he saw the night before, at a plenary session. The presenter \"also had a box with a bunch of different modules, but he had over 200 peer-reviewed papers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the criticism, Theranos Scientific and Medical Advisory Board member Susan Evans said Holmes demonstrated that the architecture of Theranos' technologies, as well as the associated science and technology, are sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Innovations like this are very exciting,\" Evans said. \"The Theranos miniLab has the potential to increase access and bring laboratory testing to the patient, whether close to home or in remote locations that are currently underserved.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(This response, by the way, was sent through public relations colossus Hill+Knowlton Strategies -- now, apparently, working with Theranos.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I was not that impressed with the technology, but at least she shared the technology they have.’\u003ccite>Dr. David Koch, former president AACC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Many if not most of the audience were expecting Holmes to present data concerning the technology, known as \"Edison,\" behind the problematic consumer blood tests the company ran over the past few years. As part of an attempt to correct problems flagged by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Theranos was forced to invalidate tens of thousands of these tests, some of which are now the subject of lawsuits, including one that claims incorrect test results led to a heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nowhere in her presentation did Holmes present validating data for Edison. Nor did she address problems at the company's California lab that have led to her two-year suspension from owning or operating a lab, and to severe penalties for Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We know there’s a lot of questions about the past,” Holmes said, \"and in the appropriate forum, we’ll address those.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the technology known as \"Edison,\" the subject of so much controversy over the past year, is obsolete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the presentation, Holmes answered questions from the audience for about 35 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in the audience was Dr. David Koch, director of clinical chemistry at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta and a past president of the AACC. About the miniLab, he said, \"I was not that impressed with the technology. I think it’s apparently still coming along, but at least she shared the technology they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch said colleagues noted the absence of any data concerning Theranos' famous claim to be able to perform multiple tests from just a few drops of blood from a fingerprick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, \"I'm glad she came. It's a start.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Greg Miller, professor of pathology at Virginia Commonwealth University, said he thought Holmes did a \"credible job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She explained the technology they’ve developed. She made it clear it’s the newest version of the technology and that it’s gone through several generations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Miller wouldn't call the data presented \"a full validation, of the method or the technology,\" he said \"it showed credibility for the example she showed, and it shows potential for it being a useful piece of technology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consensus in the Media: A Failure\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No on has taken a poll of the couple of thousand lab experts in the audience, but the reaction that has made its way through to media covering Theranos, as well as the media's characterization of the presentation itself, mostly ranges from tepid to extremely negative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Stockton of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2016/08/theranos-chance-clear-name-instead-tried-pivot/\" target=\"_blank\">Wired\u003c/a> expressed a common theme:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The miniLab itself still has to get validated by an independent lab. And even that wouldn’t give Theranos the clean slate it desires. Not from this crowd. Remember, this company got famous claiming faster, cheaper, painless, and above all revolutionary tests. Now it wants that same level of attention to pitch a mini lab that features no radically new technology.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>From Jen Christensen, at \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/02/health/theranos-holmes-presentation/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">CNN\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)he broader feeling seemed to be that there was not enough there. Some of the crowd lingered after the session to discuss the ideas with their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's just not enough data here,\" said Bobby Reddy, who runs a lab-related tech startup in Urbana, Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The failing here is to show up without enough data to show that the technology works. It might be enough for a poster session, but not this,\" said Joshua Hayden at Weill Cornell Medicine, who works with one of the moderators at the conference session. \"This industry is hungry for new ideas, we want disruptive technology in this field. But this doesn't seem to be it so far, and most of us don't like all the smoke and mirrors they've used over the years.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Matthew Herper of \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/08/01/theranos-presents-data-on-new-blood-test-machine-remains-mum-on-previous-technology/#7d5bf7974159\" target=\"_blank\">Forbes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Everything we’re interested in, they’re not talking about,” says Daniel Holmes (no relation), head of clinical chemistry at St. Paul’s Hospital in British Columbia, who reviewed the presentation for FORBES. “This is essentially a prototype instrument. They’re doing initial studies of a prototype.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoffrey Baird, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Washington who has been critical of Theranos, went further, calling the presentation “a bait and switch.” He says: “We’re not seeing Theranos technology. We’re seeing an early-stage technology, an idea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as it goes, the data do seem to show a promising prototype. The data do show some agreement between the miniLab and existing devices used by Siemens. The question will be how convincing outside experts find these results.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Christina Farr at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fastcompany.com/3062433/scientists-wanted-transparency-from-theranos-but-got-a-product-launch-instead\" target=\"_blank\">Fast Company\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Clearly, the scientific and medical community was hoping for a data-driven discussion today, and instead got a new product announcement,\" says John Torous, a psychiatrist and clinical informatics fellow at Harvard Medical School. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(S)cientists are questioning whether the MiniLab technology is a breakthrough. The current market is already fairly saturated: Abbott's iStat system, for instance, is a handheld device for clinicians to test patients for a plethora of common tests. Roche just received FDA clearance for its Cobas device, which can test for ailments like the flu and some strep infections in under 20 minutes. And Theranos competitors Quest and Labcorp already operate versions of this type of equipment in their own labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't imagine why they're wasting their time,\" says MIT-trained material scientist and biotech entrepreneur Kaveh Milaninia by phone. \"It's a tough market.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And (Theranos' Public Enemy No. 1) \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">John Carreyrou of \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-founder-elizabeth-holmes-introduces-new-blood-testing-device-1470089582\" target=\"_blank\">:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The data covered 11 blood tests, but the miniLab can’t perform all of those tests on a single 160-microliter blood sample, according to a person familiar with the matter. At most, the miniLab can perform only three or four tests on a sample of that size, so a patient ordering all 11 tests would need to have his finger pricked three to four times, the person said….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some lab experts at the conference said the underlying lab techniques relied on by Theranos’s new device, such as spectrophotometry, have been in use for years. The length of time needed to process samples and produce results, ranging from 20 minutes to two hours, also doesn’t improve on what is commercially available, some lab experts said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And Beth Mole of \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/08/with-chance-to-soothe-theranos-critics-with-data-holmes-gives-sales-pitch/\" target=\"_blank\">Ars Technica\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Yesterday’s presentation could have been the data-driven turning point Holmes has been promising. And the conference attendees—experts in clinical testing—gathered anxiously to hear the results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of validation studies of its existing technology, they got, essentially, a sales pitch for future technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes spent her entire 45-minute time slot talking about a new blood testing device called the miniLab. Any questions about the company's old, disastrous blood testing device (the Edison) were flatly refused—even including questions about the differences between the Edison and miniLab.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some in the audience, or those who were following online, expressed their dissatisfaction with the presentation on Twitter:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Previous post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey, try this archetypal nightmare out for size ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Youʼre in a room. Speaking. There are people there -- hundreds and hundreds of people. They are not particularly friendly. Actually, they are hostile. You have displeased them. You had made certain unsubstantiated claims about something they know a great deal about. Yes, they are experts. They know exactly how to determine what is truth. And what is ... \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then you wake up. Covered in sweat ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is pretty much the scenario Theranos CEO and founder Elizabeth Holmes is going to face on Monday in Philadelphia, at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's 68th Annual Scientific Meeting & Clinical Lab Expo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes will \u003ca href=\"https://www.aacc.org/meetings-and-events/2016-annual-meeting-and-expo/conference-program/theranos-science-and-technology\" target=\"_blank\">present\u003c/a>, for the first time and in front of hundreds of lab experts, “reproducibility and correlation data” for the blood-testing technology her company claims to have developed but has never proven to the satisfaction of the scientific community. Holmes will also “share data to demonstrate the precision and accuracy” of its tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'If she presents us with scientific data ... she could feasibly convince people in the room that she has what she has been saying she has, all along.'\u003ccite>Dr. Patti Jones,\u003cbr>\nAmerican Association for Clinical Chemists\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Those tests can ostensibly be performed using only a small amount of capillary blood from a patient's finger, instead of the traditional tubes-full taken from a vein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\">Wall Street Journal investigation\u003c/a> characterized those claims as dubious. Later, a Theranos lab in California was found by its regulator to be so deficient as to represent a threat to patients' lives. And this month, regulators suspended the lab’s license and banned Holmes from owning, operating or directing a blood-testing lab for two years. (The company has until early September to appeal the government’s decision, and the suspensions don’t take place for the appeal period.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the U.S. Attorneyʼs Office for the Northern District of California and the SEC are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/18/elizabeth-holmes-says-theranos-will-absolutely-survive-video/\" target=\"_blank\">investigating\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/07/19/lawsuit-faulty-theranos-test-results-contributed-to-heart-attack/\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuits aplenty\u003c/a> have been filed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Now Theranos is typically described with adjectives ranging from “troubled” to “beleaguered” to “disgraced.” And the company, once valued at $9 billion, is in serious danger of becoming permanent \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CU94GPs-LQw&ab_channel=texasjoehotdoggy\" target=\"_blank\">shorthand\u003c/a> for greed-driven Silicon Valley hubris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Holmes has any chance of rebuilding her shattered reputation, and if Theranos is to have any chance of clawing its way back to respectability, it will start in Philadelphia, on Monday. The company has appointed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-announces-leading-medical-and-laboratory-experts-join-scientific-and-medical-advisory-board\" target=\"_blank\">scientific and medical advisory board\u003c/a>, in part to help with \"publication and presentation in scientific journals and at scientific meetings.\" The board includes several former AACC officials, so one would assume Holmes will, as they say, come correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>90 Minutes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, whatever she presents may or may not be enough to convert hardcore skeptics. The presentation will last 45 minutes, followed by a 45-minute question-and-answer period, according to AACC members helping with the session. Anywhere from 800 to 1,500 people are expected to be in attendance, and the presentation is open to anyone who registers for the conference, including the media, though no questions from reporters will be taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three moderators will ask their own questions as well as questions from the audience, which will be forwarded to the moderators after three other experts come to a consensus as what is most scientifically relevant to the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The reason why a lot of us are skeptical, and perhaps even disgusted with the whole thing, is that they had a very cavalier attitude about the data that they were producing.' \u003ccite>Dr. David Koch, Grady Memorial Hospital\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The AACC had extended an invitation to Holmes for several years before she agreed to come speak. The announcement of this year's talk came soon after the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services threatened unprecedented sanctions against Theranos, as well as news of the U.S. Attorneyʼs and SEC's investigations.I asked Dr. Patti Jones, who made the decision to invite Holmes this year, if she had any reservations after all that news shook out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course,” said Jones, who is the clinical director of the chemistry and metabolic disease labs at Children’s Medical Center in Dallas. “I reconsidered every step along the way. But the bottom line is, I really think there is an opportunity to really see data here, to see the science. AACCʼs members have the expertise to interpret what she tells us. To be able to look at that data and say, 'Okay,' or 'Not okay.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones said she had heard from members both opposed and in support of the invitation, and that the opposition was “much more\u003cbr>\nvocal.” She said no one from the AACC leadership will see Holmesʼ presentation in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Weʼre not endorsing her in any way,\" Jones said. \"Weʼre just providing a room to show us what she has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked her if Holmes had any chance, given recent history, of convincing her colleagues she's legit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think she can,” Jones said. “I think if she presents us with scientific data that shows not only that her system -- both the collection and the analysis work -- but how well they work in comparison to other methods, then she could feasibly convince people in the room that she has what she has been saying she has all along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_156559\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/05/ap_458918420528_wide-7b077d6d2c055cd84422729660306a155c7c88a8-e1469754321977.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-156559 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/05/ap_458918420528_wide-7b077d6d2c055cd84422729660306a155c7c88a8-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"Elizabeth Holmes, founder and CEO of Theranos, speaks at the Fortune Global Forum in San Francisco, Nov. 2, 2015.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elizabeth Holmes speaks at the Fortune Global Forum in San Francisco, Nov. 2, 2015.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I asked five other experts in laboratory medicine, most of whom will be in attendance Monday, what Holmes has to do to turn things around. Here are edited excerpts from those conversations:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. David Koch, director of clinical chemistry, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta; former president AACC\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She really needs to talk about how she and Theranos didn't understand clinical laboratories and how best to practice laboratory medicine. She needs to acknowledge that they've made mistakes and that she has, in fact, made a turn from past practices and behaviors. She needs to say one of those mistakes was not sharing data, not having it vetted by professionals in the field, and not coming to meetings such as the AACC Annual Meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Their technology is still a black box, which nobody knows what the details are. Anything that she presents would not be peer-reviewed.\u003ccite>Dr. Eleftherios Diamandis,\u003cbr>\nMount Sinai Hospital, Toronto\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The reason why a lot of us are skeptical, and perhaps even disgusted with the whole thing, is that they had a very cavalier attitude about the data they were producing, much of which turns out to apparently not be correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laboratory has advanced year by year for the whole history of our profession, and if this is one more advancement, fine. But we want to see the data and even evaluate the instrument or device in our laboratories. Or in physicians offices, drugstores, or even in patients' homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I expect some hard questions, especially if her presentation is a little lacking, weak on substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Eleftherios Diamandis, division head of clinical biochemistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto; \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghdonline.org/uploads/Diamandis_-_2015_-%20_Theranos_phenomenon_promises_and_fallacies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\"Theranos phenomenon: Promises and fallacies\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the AACC is in a very odd situation, to have a lecture by somebody who was caught manipulating quality assurance, delivering results that some people believe have endangered patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Their situation is so unique that they really just need to turn this machine over to a completely independent person.'\u003ccite>Dr. Norman Paradis, Dartmouth College\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I think her reputation is in big question here. Irrespective of the opinion of people like me, that she shouldn't be invited in the first place, apparently she's going to show up and give the lecture, although I will wait until I see her before I believe that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their technology is still a black box, which nobody knows what the details are. They still haven't published a single word. Anything that she presents would not be peer-reviewed. It will be something that experts in the field have not seen or had a chance to really criticize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will be a major hurdle, because she can come and tell us anything she wants. She's got the magic black box. You put in one little drop of blood and you get 1,000 analyses with impossible accuracy,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how am I going to be able to verify that the claims are actually correct? I will only believe it if experts evaluate this technology and find it to be robust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Fred Apple, medical director of clinical laboratories, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minnesota\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iʼm hoping we're going to see, ʻHereʼs my technology, hereʼs my process, how we generate data, and here is the R&D weʼve done that proves our technology works.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We want to look at clinical sensitivity, limits of detection, reproducibility, analytical correlation against another assay, turnaround time, stability of samples, as well as how it compares to whatʼs already out there in the literature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Show me some data and a statistically relevant number of patients, so we can do some comparisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Jerry Yeo, director, clinical chemistry laboratories, Department of Pathology, University of Chicago\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Holmes has a very high bar to clear to gain\u003cbr>\ncredibility, given her history of secrecy, lack of peer-reviewed publications and most damaging, the abject failures with compliance with basic requirements of the CLIA (Clinical Labroatory Improvement Amendments) guidelines leading to CMS banning her for 2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if she suddenly revealed “revolutionary performance data” of her mysterious Edison invention, she still has to explain how that system managed to put out two years of bad data that had to be\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\"> voided, corrected\u003c/a>. Or how the system failed to comply with CLIA\u003cbr>\nregulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I seriously doubt she can do all that at this AACC venue. If it turns out to be a highly staged presentation with sanitized, prescreened questions, it might produce an opposite effect of loss of credibility to\u003cbr>\nboth Holmes and AACC leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Dr. Norman Paradis, professor of medicine, Dartmouth; \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/25/analysis-why-medical-lab-experts-were-always-skeptical-of-theranos/\" target=\"_blank\">\"Why Medical Lab Experts Were Always Skeptical of Theranos\"\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she puts up real data, there's got to be some credibility associated with that. But this has never really happened before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big pharma gets in trouble every so often in big ways, but this just doesn't tend to happen in diagnostics: People know how to validate assays. That's not a new thing. You could take your tech and just go to a completely independent university-based group to validate it. You can do it internally, by bringing in what's called a clinical research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA has published a voluminous document on good clinical practices. Why it's taken so long is just not clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I do think if they show real data, that will be something. If she's managed to get data in a stealth manner, get data that is independent, then that obviously would be a much more reassuring thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they still need to get FDA approval. And this won't move them along at all on that front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their situation is so unique that they really just need to turn this machine over to a completely independent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "New York Bans Sex Offenders From Playing Pokémon Go",
"title": "New York Bans Sex Offenders From Playing Pokémon Go",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Aug. 1, 2016:\u003c/strong> Last week we reported that a children's advocacy group called on Pokémon Go developer Niantic to update the game so it's less dangerous to children who play it. That came in the wake of lots of reports about accidents, injuries, and even death. But other mishaps represent a different sort of danger: players being led to a home for sex offenders, and to a halfway house for drug addicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.inquisitr.com/3341656/pokemon-go-accident-man-accidentally-urinates-on-kid-while-hunting-pokemons/\">Man accidentally urinates on kid while hunting Pokemons\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/07/25/national/pokemon-go-craze-leads-spate-accidents-traffic-offenses-across-japan/#.V5Y4UCMrLJw\">Pokemon Go’ craze leads to spate of accidents, traffic offenses across Japan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/270716/mumbai-records-indias-first-road-accident-driven-by-pokemon-go.html\">Mumbai records India's firs road accident driven by Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news.com.au/national/victoria/crime/woman-dies-in-hit-and-run-in-west-melbourne/news-story/9020de64d0e500d087b522d08e5d3e29\">Woman out playing Pokemon Go died in hit and run in W. Melbourne\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/07/28/driver-crashes-car-into-school-because-of-pokemon-go/\">Driver Crashes Car Into School Because of Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4834386,00.html\">Two Israelis injured in Pokemon Go accidents\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/man-arrested-after-pokemon-hit-and-go-accident\">Mar arrested after Pokemon hit and GO accident\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.universityherald.com/articles/35660/20160729/pokemon-go-accident-player-crashes-car-school.htm\">Pokemon Go Accident: Player Crashes Car in School\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofrehoboth.com/news/general/pokemon-go-causes-collision-marked-patrol-car\">Pokemon Go causes collision with marked patrol car\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cartelpress.com/pokemon-go-major-highway-accident-man-stops-middle-highway-catch-pikachu/\" target=\"_blank\">Major Highway Accident After Man Stops In Middle Of Highway To Catch Pikachu!\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.syracuse.com/us-news/index.ssf/2016/07/pokemon_go_shooting_robbery_las_vegas.html\">Pokemon Go player shoots attempted armed robber in Las Vegas\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/us/2016/07/25/police-drunken-driver-was-playing-pokemon-go-during-crash.html\">Drunken driver was playing Pokemon Go during crash\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4420930/pokemon-go-teens-us-border-canada/\">Canadian Teens Cause an International Incident Playing Pokémon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article91273662.html\">‘Pokémon Go’ players robbed at gunpoint in Elk Grove park\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/video/pokemon-accident-insurance-134800372.html\">Pokémon Go accident insurance\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/stupid/pokemon-go-car-crash-362895\" target=\"_blank\">\"Pokémon Go\" Nearly Claims First Victim\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/robbers-use-popular-pok-mon-go-game-to-lure-in/article_ca161f27-37b7-57bb-bfa6-a30b0563e3f0.html\">Robbers target players of popular Pokemon Go smartphone game\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/pokemon-go-death-guatemala-shot-danger-safety-dead-a7145836.html\" target=\"_blank\">Teenager shot dead while searching for creatures in Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.philly.com/philly/blogs/real-time/NJ-Pokemon-player-gets-stuck-up-a-tree.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pokemon Go Player Gets Stuck Up a Tree\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/crime/seattle-logs-first-pokemon-go-accident/\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Patrol reports its first 'Pokemon Go' car crash\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.enterprisenews.com/news/20160720/west-bridgewater-accident-caused-by-driver-playing-pokemon-go\" target=\"_blank\">West Bridgewater accident caused by driver playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wtae.com/news/teenager-hit-by-car-blames-pokemon-go/40694020\" target=\"_blank\">Teenager hit by car blames Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-county/towson/ph-tt-pokemon-player-robbed-20160721-story.html\">Man assaulted, robbed in Towson while playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.timesjournal.com/news/article_36de3989-8fb6-5b68-8327-3113deaf0425.html\">Young Pokemon Go trainer involved in accident\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baynews9.com/content/news/baynews9/news/article.html/content/news/articles/bn9/2016/7/22/one_arrested_after_1.html\">Man arrested after 150 trespass at Tampa park to play Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wdaz.com/news/minnesota/4076620-possible-pok%C3%A9mon-go-accident-sends-14-year-old-hospital\" target=\"_blank\">Possible Pokémon Go accident sends 14-year-old to hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://globalnews.ca/news/2833844/pregnant-pokemon-go-player-hit-by-car-given-emergency-c-section-to-save-baby/\" target=\"_blank\">Pregnant Pokemon Go player hit by car\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wpxi.com/news/mom-says-teenage-daughter-hit-by-car-in-tarentum-after-playing-pokemon-go/399354824\" target=\"_blank\">Mom says teenage daughter hit by car in Tarentum after playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kbtx.com/content/news/AM-police-Pokemon-Go-player-leaves-vehicle-causes-wreck-386558831.html\" target=\"_blank\">A&M police: Pokemon Go player leaves vehicle, causes wreck\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFbFk3wuA7w\" target=\"_blank\">Woman stuck in graveyard while playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/pokemon-go-quebec-city-collision-1.3677891\" target=\"_blank\">Playing Pokemon Go while driving, 2 players crash into Quebec City cops\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The group acted in the wake of many reported accidents and other mishaps, such as the game leading players into a home for sex offenders and a halfway house for drug addicts. (See the original post, below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo brought more attention to the issue by \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-directs-department-corrections-and-community-supervision-restrict-sex-offenders\" target=\"_blank\">directing state authorities\u003c/a> to prevent nearly 3,000 registered sex offenders now on parole from playing the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuomo also sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/sites/governor.ny.gov/files/atoms/files/PokemonLetter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">lette\u003c/a>r to Niantic asking for help in keeping sexual predators away. In the letter, Cuomo called out a feature \"where, for a small fee, a 'lure' can be purchased to intentionally encourage traffic to a particular location\" as having potential to be abused by predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Niantic's consumer marketing director\u003ca href=\"http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_POKEMON_GO_WHATS_NEXT?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT\" target=\"_blank\"> told Associated Press\u003c/a> that the company was working on a way to ensure \"everyone is playing safely and doing things in a respectful manner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pokémon Go, as surely you know by now, involves using your smartphone to apprehend \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/7/21/12200702/pokemon-go-151-ranked\" target=\"_blank\">animated creatures\u003c/a> superimposed over real surroundings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a smash hit. But as you can see in our updated list of all the accidents and other misfortunes related to the game, safety is a real concern. Whether the totality of the incidents represents a statistically significant level of danger, we can't say. But it should at least serve as a warning to use common sense while playing or when letting your kids go out hunting for Voltorb and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, July 22, 2016\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, I took to the streets to play Pokémon Go with my daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She loved it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not that it matters. We can safely say that \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/culture/2016/7/14/12190170/pokemon-go-ios-android-adult-age\" target=\"_blank\">lots of \u003c/a>people no longer in grade school are also Pokémon Going. Last week, around the office, I spied a 20-something meandering her way to the elevator, eyes locked on her phone in a way appropriate for someone tracking an earthbound asteroid, but that's it. I thought -- and I swear this is true: This woman could walk right off a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later I \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/15/health/pokemon-go-players-fall-down-cliff/\" target=\"_blank\">saw\u003c/a> two people walked right off a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Two men in their early 20s fell an estimated 50 to 90 feet down a cliff in Encinitas, California, on Wednesday afternoon while playing \"Pokémon Go\" ... The men sustained injuries, although the extent is not clear.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Okay, check this out: In Baltimore, Monday, a driver playing Pokémon Go (not a good idea) \u003ca href=\"http://www.abcactionnews.com/news/national/police-body-cam-catches-distracted-pokemon-go-driver-crashing-into-baltimore-police-car\" target=\"_blank\">crashed \u003c/a>into a parked police car (also not a good idea). The event was caught on a police body camera ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvA9ZgC73vc\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's what I get for playing this dumbass game,\" the driver, accurately, told the officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/pokemongo/comments/4rq9bs/pokemon_go_put_me_in_the_er_last_night/?st=iqwtwv61&sh=4384e9f4\" target=\"_blank\">Reddit post\u003c/a> from someone who \"slipped and fell down a ditch\" while playing the game -- which, in case you've been reading a book these past couple of weeks, involves apprehending \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/7/21/12200702/pokemon-go-151-ranked\" target=\"_blank\">animated creatures\u003c/a> superimposed over real surroundings, as seen through the camera of your smartphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fractured the fifth metatarsal bone in my foot, 6-8 weeks for recovery,\" the Reddit poster almost cheerfully explained. \"I told all the doctors I was walking my dog lol... Watch where you're going, folks!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is certainly sound advice, though not the kind you'd think would be necessary on an \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/gaming/2016/07/12/watch-where-you-pokmon-go-police-warn/86987972/\" target=\"_blank\">official basis\u003c/a>. In fact, police departments around the country are \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnet.com/news/dont-play-pokemon-go-while-driving-a-car-state-says/\" target=\"_blank\">issuing safety warnings\u003c/a> related to the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Developers did not consider the game’s physical danger for children and others.'\u003ccite>Children's advocacy group Common Sense Media, in letter to game developer Niantic\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, a San Francisco children’s advocacy group told KQED's Peter Jon Shuler that playing the game while walking around is the equivalent of distracted driving. (Lots of people are playing while driving, too, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=driving+while+playing+pokemon+go+warning\" target=\"_blank\">DMVs around the country have noted\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ariel Fox Johnson of Common Sense Media said that aside from all the accidents, mapping errors have led people into potentially harmful or inappropriate locations -- such as a home for sex offenders and a halfway house for drug addicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson took game developer Niantic to task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think that they need to do more to protect children’s physical safety,\" she said, \"and make sure that parents know and that kids know how they can stay safe and be aware of their surroundings while playing this game.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s group sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/kids_action/niantic_letter.7.19.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">five-page letter\u003c/a> to Niantic outlining its concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Children, in particular, are more likely to have difficulty identifying when game play may pose a real life threat to their safety,\" the letter said. \"Developers did not consider the game’s physical danger for children and others.\" Among the group's entreaties, it urges Niantic to \"Provide clearer and more conspicuous warnings about the dangers of gameplay in an augmented reality environment, including warnings to parents who consent to gameplay on behalf of their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niantic did not respond to Shuler's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Irina Raicu, director of the Internet Ethics program at the Markulla Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, in California, told Shuler the game raises new issues, as players are going wherever it leads them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sIhx61okqI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On one hand, people are going out and they’re walking, and in some situations they’re actually interacting with other players,\" she said. \"But then I’m also hearing people just describing what looks like hundreds of zombies walking around just looking down at their screens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raicu, too, believes Niantic needs to do more to proactively protect the safety of children and teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Distracted walking\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.nsc.org/Connect/NSCNewsReleases/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?List=1f2e4535-5dc3-45d6-b190-9b49c7229931&ID=15&Web=36d1832e-7bc3-4029-98a1-317c5cd5c625\" target=\"_blank\">accident\u003c/a>s have been surging for years, due to mass smartphone adoption. Pokémon Go adds a new vulnerability. The National Safety Council 10 days ago urged \"gamers to consider safety over their scores before a life is lost. No race to \"capture\" a cartoon monster is worth a life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yeah. For crying out loud, use your head: Be safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He died pursuing \u003ca href=\"http://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Voltorb_(Pok%C3%A9mon)\" target=\"_blank\"> Voltorb\u003c/a>\" will not look good on a tombstone.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "New York Bans Sex Offenders From Playing Pokémon Go | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Aug. 1, 2016:\u003c/strong> Last week we reported that a children's advocacy group called on Pokémon Go developer Niantic to update the game so it's less dangerous to children who play it. That came in the wake of lots of reports about accidents, injuries, and even death. But other mishaps represent a different sort of danger: players being led to a home for sex offenders, and to a halfway house for drug addicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.inquisitr.com/3341656/pokemon-go-accident-man-accidentally-urinates-on-kid-while-hunting-pokemons/\">Man accidentally urinates on kid while hunting Pokemons\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/07/25/national/pokemon-go-craze-leads-spate-accidents-traffic-offenses-across-japan/#.V5Y4UCMrLJw\">Pokemon Go’ craze leads to spate of accidents, traffic offenses across Japan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/270716/mumbai-records-indias-first-road-accident-driven-by-pokemon-go.html\">Mumbai records India's firs road accident driven by Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news.com.au/national/victoria/crime/woman-dies-in-hit-and-run-in-west-melbourne/news-story/9020de64d0e500d087b522d08e5d3e29\">Woman out playing Pokemon Go died in hit and run in W. Melbourne\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/07/28/driver-crashes-car-into-school-because-of-pokemon-go/\">Driver Crashes Car Into School Because of Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4834386,00.html\">Two Israelis injured in Pokemon Go accidents\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/man-arrested-after-pokemon-hit-and-go-accident\">Mar arrested after Pokemon hit and GO accident\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.universityherald.com/articles/35660/20160729/pokemon-go-accident-player-crashes-car-school.htm\">Pokemon Go Accident: Player Crashes Car in School\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofrehoboth.com/news/general/pokemon-go-causes-collision-marked-patrol-car\">Pokemon Go causes collision with marked patrol car\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cartelpress.com/pokemon-go-major-highway-accident-man-stops-middle-highway-catch-pikachu/\" target=\"_blank\">Major Highway Accident After Man Stops In Middle Of Highway To Catch Pikachu!\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.syracuse.com/us-news/index.ssf/2016/07/pokemon_go_shooting_robbery_las_vegas.html\">Pokemon Go player shoots attempted armed robber in Las Vegas\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/us/2016/07/25/police-drunken-driver-was-playing-pokemon-go-during-crash.html\">Drunken driver was playing Pokemon Go during crash\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4420930/pokemon-go-teens-us-border-canada/\">Canadian Teens Cause an International Incident Playing Pokémon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article91273662.html\">‘Pokémon Go’ players robbed at gunpoint in Elk Grove park\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/video/pokemon-accident-insurance-134800372.html\">Pokémon Go accident insurance\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/stupid/pokemon-go-car-crash-362895\" target=\"_blank\">\"Pokémon Go\" Nearly Claims First Victim\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/robbers-use-popular-pok-mon-go-game-to-lure-in/article_ca161f27-37b7-57bb-bfa6-a30b0563e3f0.html\">Robbers target players of popular Pokemon Go smartphone game\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/pokemon-go-death-guatemala-shot-danger-safety-dead-a7145836.html\" target=\"_blank\">Teenager shot dead while searching for creatures in Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.philly.com/philly/blogs/real-time/NJ-Pokemon-player-gets-stuck-up-a-tree.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pokemon Go Player Gets Stuck Up a Tree\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/crime/seattle-logs-first-pokemon-go-accident/\" target=\"_blank\">Washington State Patrol reports its first 'Pokemon Go' car crash\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.enterprisenews.com/news/20160720/west-bridgewater-accident-caused-by-driver-playing-pokemon-go\" target=\"_blank\">West Bridgewater accident caused by driver playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wtae.com/news/teenager-hit-by-car-blames-pokemon-go/40694020\" target=\"_blank\">Teenager hit by car blames Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-county/towson/ph-tt-pokemon-player-robbed-20160721-story.html\">Man assaulted, robbed in Towson while playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.timesjournal.com/news/article_36de3989-8fb6-5b68-8327-3113deaf0425.html\">Young Pokemon Go trainer involved in accident\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baynews9.com/content/news/baynews9/news/article.html/content/news/articles/bn9/2016/7/22/one_arrested_after_1.html\">Man arrested after 150 trespass at Tampa park to play Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wdaz.com/news/minnesota/4076620-possible-pok%C3%A9mon-go-accident-sends-14-year-old-hospital\" target=\"_blank\">Possible Pokémon Go accident sends 14-year-old to hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://globalnews.ca/news/2833844/pregnant-pokemon-go-player-hit-by-car-given-emergency-c-section-to-save-baby/\" target=\"_blank\">Pregnant Pokemon Go player hit by car\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wpxi.com/news/mom-says-teenage-daughter-hit-by-car-in-tarentum-after-playing-pokemon-go/399354824\" target=\"_blank\">Mom says teenage daughter hit by car in Tarentum after playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kbtx.com/content/news/AM-police-Pokemon-Go-player-leaves-vehicle-causes-wreck-386558831.html\" target=\"_blank\">A&M police: Pokemon Go player leaves vehicle, causes wreck\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFbFk3wuA7w\" target=\"_blank\">Woman stuck in graveyard while playing Pokemon Go\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/pokemon-go-quebec-city-collision-1.3677891\" target=\"_blank\">Playing Pokemon Go while driving, 2 players crash into Quebec City cops\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The group acted in the wake of many reported accidents and other mishaps, such as the game leading players into a home for sex offenders and a halfway house for drug addicts. (See the original post, below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo brought more attention to the issue by \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-directs-department-corrections-and-community-supervision-restrict-sex-offenders\" target=\"_blank\">directing state authorities\u003c/a> to prevent nearly 3,000 registered sex offenders now on parole from playing the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuomo also sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/sites/governor.ny.gov/files/atoms/files/PokemonLetter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">lette\u003c/a>r to Niantic asking for help in keeping sexual predators away. In the letter, Cuomo called out a feature \"where, for a small fee, a 'lure' can be purchased to intentionally encourage traffic to a particular location\" as having potential to be abused by predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Niantic's consumer marketing director\u003ca href=\"http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_POKEMON_GO_WHATS_NEXT?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT\" target=\"_blank\"> told Associated Press\u003c/a> that the company was working on a way to ensure \"everyone is playing safely and doing things in a respectful manner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pokémon Go, as surely you know by now, involves using your smartphone to apprehend \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/7/21/12200702/pokemon-go-151-ranked\" target=\"_blank\">animated creatures\u003c/a> superimposed over real surroundings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a smash hit. But as you can see in our updated list of all the accidents and other misfortunes related to the game, safety is a real concern. Whether the totality of the incidents represents a statistically significant level of danger, we can't say. But it should at least serve as a warning to use common sense while playing or when letting your kids go out hunting for Voltorb and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, July 22, 2016\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, I took to the streets to play Pokémon Go with my daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She loved it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not that it matters. We can safely say that \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/culture/2016/7/14/12190170/pokemon-go-ios-android-adult-age\" target=\"_blank\">lots of \u003c/a>people no longer in grade school are also Pokémon Going. Last week, around the office, I spied a 20-something meandering her way to the elevator, eyes locked on her phone in a way appropriate for someone tracking an earthbound asteroid, but that's it. I thought -- and I swear this is true: This woman could walk right off a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later I \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/15/health/pokemon-go-players-fall-down-cliff/\" target=\"_blank\">saw\u003c/a> two people walked right off a cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Two men in their early 20s fell an estimated 50 to 90 feet down a cliff in Encinitas, California, on Wednesday afternoon while playing \"Pokémon Go\" ... The men sustained injuries, although the extent is not clear.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Okay, check this out: In Baltimore, Monday, a driver playing Pokémon Go (not a good idea) \u003ca href=\"http://www.abcactionnews.com/news/national/police-body-cam-catches-distracted-pokemon-go-driver-crashing-into-baltimore-police-car\" target=\"_blank\">crashed \u003c/a>into a parked police car (also not a good idea). The event was caught on a police body camera ...\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/KvA9ZgC73vc'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/KvA9ZgC73vc'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\"That's what I get for playing this dumbass game,\" the driver, accurately, told the officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/pokemongo/comments/4rq9bs/pokemon_go_put_me_in_the_er_last_night/?st=iqwtwv61&sh=4384e9f4\" target=\"_blank\">Reddit post\u003c/a> from someone who \"slipped and fell down a ditch\" while playing the game -- which, in case you've been reading a book these past couple of weeks, involves apprehending \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/7/21/12200702/pokemon-go-151-ranked\" target=\"_blank\">animated creatures\u003c/a> superimposed over real surroundings, as seen through the camera of your smartphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fractured the fifth metatarsal bone in my foot, 6-8 weeks for recovery,\" the Reddit poster almost cheerfully explained. \"I told all the doctors I was walking my dog lol... Watch where you're going, folks!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is certainly sound advice, though not the kind you'd think would be necessary on an \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/gaming/2016/07/12/watch-where-you-pokmon-go-police-warn/86987972/\" target=\"_blank\">official basis\u003c/a>. In fact, police departments around the country are \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnet.com/news/dont-play-pokemon-go-while-driving-a-car-state-says/\" target=\"_blank\">issuing safety warnings\u003c/a> related to the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Developers did not consider the game’s physical danger for children and others.'\u003ccite>Children's advocacy group Common Sense Media, in letter to game developer Niantic\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, a San Francisco children’s advocacy group told KQED's Peter Jon Shuler that playing the game while walking around is the equivalent of distracted driving. (Lots of people are playing while driving, too, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=driving+while+playing+pokemon+go+warning\" target=\"_blank\">DMVs around the country have noted\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ariel Fox Johnson of Common Sense Media said that aside from all the accidents, mapping errors have led people into potentially harmful or inappropriate locations -- such as a home for sex offenders and a halfway house for drug addicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson took game developer Niantic to task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think that they need to do more to protect children’s physical safety,\" she said, \"and make sure that parents know and that kids know how they can stay safe and be aware of their surroundings while playing this game.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s group sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/kids_action/niantic_letter.7.19.16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">five-page letter\u003c/a> to Niantic outlining its concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Children, in particular, are more likely to have difficulty identifying when game play may pose a real life threat to their safety,\" the letter said. \"Developers did not consider the game’s physical danger for children and others.\" Among the group's entreaties, it urges Niantic to \"Provide clearer and more conspicuous warnings about the dangers of gameplay in an augmented reality environment, including warnings to parents who consent to gameplay on behalf of their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niantic did not respond to Shuler's request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Irina Raicu, director of the Internet Ethics program at the Markulla Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, in California, told Shuler the game raises new issues, as players are going wherever it leads them.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/-sIhx61okqI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/-sIhx61okqI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\"On one hand, people are going out and they’re walking, and in some situations they’re actually interacting with other players,\" she said. \"But then I’m also hearing people just describing what looks like hundreds of zombies walking around just looking down at their screens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raicu, too, believes Niantic needs to do more to proactively protect the safety of children and teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Distracted walking\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.nsc.org/Connect/NSCNewsReleases/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?List=1f2e4535-5dc3-45d6-b190-9b49c7229931&ID=15&Web=36d1832e-7bc3-4029-98a1-317c5cd5c625\" target=\"_blank\">accident\u003c/a>s have been surging for years, due to mass smartphone adoption. Pokémon Go adds a new vulnerability. The National Safety Council 10 days ago urged \"gamers to consider safety over their scores before a life is lost. No race to \"capture\" a cartoon monster is worth a life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, yeah. For crying out loud, use your head: Be safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eyeing fast-growing urban and suburban markets where demand for health care services is outstripping supply, some health care systems are opening tiny, full-service hospitals with comprehensive emergency services but often fewer than a dozen inpatient beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Small hospitals, even tiny ones, with robust outpatient services could be a real boon for people who live far from major metro areas.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These “microhospitals” provide residents quicker access to emergency care, and they may also offer outpatient surgery, primary care and other services. They are generally affiliated with larger health care systems, which can use the smaller facility to expand in an area without incurring the cost of a full-scale hospital. So far, they are being developed primarily in a few states — Texas, Colorado, Nevada and Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big opportunity for these is for health systems that want to establish a strong foothold in a really attractive market,” said Fred Bentley, a vice president at the Center for Payment & Delivery Innovation at Avalere Health. “If you’re an affluent consumer and you need services, they can fill a need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SCL Health has two microhospitals operating in the Denver metropolitan area and another two in the works. Microhospitals “are helping us deliver hospital services closer to home, and in a way that is more appropriately sized for the population compared to larger, more complex facilities,” said spokesman Brian Newsome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is appealing, and some people suggest they should be developed in rural or medically underserved areas where the need for services is great.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small hospitals, even tiny ones, with robust outpatient services could be a real boon for people who live far from major metro areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now they seem to be popping up in large urban and suburban metro areas,” said Priya Bathija, senior associate director for policy development at the American Hospital Association. However, “we really think they have the potential to help in vulnerable communities that have a lack of access.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysts liken microhospitals to standalone emergency departments, which have been cropping up in recent years in fast-growing metropolitan areas where people are often well-insured and waits at regular hospital emergency departments may be long. Both can handle many emergencies and are equipped with lab, imaging and some diagnostic capabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, patients facing serious emergencies, such as severe chest pain or major medical trauma, should call 911 and let trained medical personnel decide where best to seek treatment, said Dr. Bret Nicks, an associate professor of emergency medicine at Wake Forest Baptist Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike standalone EDs, microhospitals are fully licensed hospitals with inpatient beds to accommodate people admitted from the emergency room. They may have other capabilities as well, including surgical suites, a labor and delivery room, and primary care or specialist services on site or nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dignity Health, a health care system with facilities in Nevada, Arizona and California, opened its first microhospital in the Phoenix area more than a year ago and will open another one there this year, said Peggy Sanborn, vice president of strategic growth, mergers and acquisitions. It also plans to open four microhospitals in the Las Vegas area and is exploring the model for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the advantages of a microhospital is that it can help connect patients with specialty and primary care physician networks, said Sanborn. In Las Vegas, for example, the microhospital design includes a second floor with separate specialty and primary care physician offices to which patients could be referred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing interest in microhospitals can be linked to the shift toward providing more care in outpatient settings, said Bathija. In addition to the emergency department, the facilities can include medical home services and other outpatient services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2010 and 2014, the annual number of inpatient hospital admissions declined by more than 2 million to 33.1 million, according to figures from the American Hospital Association. Meanwhile, the total number of outpatient hospital visits increased to 693.1 million in 2014 from 651.4 million four years earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microhospitals offer an opportunity to “really ramp up outpatient services,” Bathija said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Please contact Kaiser Health News to send comments or ideas for future topics for the Insuring Your Health column.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eyeing fast-growing urban and suburban markets where demand for health care services is outstripping supply, some health care systems are opening tiny, full-service hospitals with comprehensive emergency services but often fewer than a dozen inpatient beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Small hospitals, even tiny ones, with robust outpatient services could be a real boon for people who live far from major metro areas.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These “microhospitals” provide residents quicker access to emergency care, and they may also offer outpatient surgery, primary care and other services. They are generally affiliated with larger health care systems, which can use the smaller facility to expand in an area without incurring the cost of a full-scale hospital. So far, they are being developed primarily in a few states — Texas, Colorado, Nevada and Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big opportunity for these is for health systems that want to establish a strong foothold in a really attractive market,” said Fred Bentley, a vice president at the Center for Payment & Delivery Innovation at Avalere Health. “If you’re an affluent consumer and you need services, they can fill a need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SCL Health has two microhospitals operating in the Denver metropolitan area and another two in the works. Microhospitals “are helping us deliver hospital services closer to home, and in a way that is more appropriately sized for the population compared to larger, more complex facilities,” said spokesman Brian Newsome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is appealing, and some people suggest they should be developed in rural or medically underserved areas where the need for services is great.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small hospitals, even tiny ones, with robust outpatient services could be a real boon for people who live far from major metro areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now they seem to be popping up in large urban and suburban metro areas,” said Priya Bathija, senior associate director for policy development at the American Hospital Association. However, “we really think they have the potential to help in vulnerable communities that have a lack of access.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Analysts liken microhospitals to standalone emergency departments, which have been cropping up in recent years in fast-growing metropolitan areas where people are often well-insured and waits at regular hospital emergency departments may be long. Both can handle many emergencies and are equipped with lab, imaging and some diagnostic capabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, patients facing serious emergencies, such as severe chest pain or major medical trauma, should call 911 and let trained medical personnel decide where best to seek treatment, said Dr. Bret Nicks, an associate professor of emergency medicine at Wake Forest Baptist Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike standalone EDs, microhospitals are fully licensed hospitals with inpatient beds to accommodate people admitted from the emergency room. They may have other capabilities as well, including surgical suites, a labor and delivery room, and primary care or specialist services on site or nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dignity Health, a health care system with facilities in Nevada, Arizona and California, opened its first microhospital in the Phoenix area more than a year ago and will open another one there this year, said Peggy Sanborn, vice president of strategic growth, mergers and acquisitions. It also plans to open four microhospitals in the Las Vegas area and is exploring the model for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the advantages of a microhospital is that it can help connect patients with specialty and primary care physician networks, said Sanborn. In Las Vegas, for example, the microhospital design includes a second floor with separate specialty and primary care physician offices to which patients could be referred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing interest in microhospitals can be linked to the shift toward providing more care in outpatient settings, said Bathija. In addition to the emergency department, the facilities can include medical home services and other outpatient services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2010 and 2014, the annual number of inpatient hospital admissions declined by more than 2 million to 33.1 million, according to figures from the American Hospital Association. Meanwhile, the total number of outpatient hospital visits increased to 693.1 million in 2014 from 651.4 million four years earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Microhospitals offer an opportunity to “really ramp up outpatient services,” Bathija said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Please contact Kaiser Health News to send comments or ideas for future topics for the Insuring Your Health column.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Sarah Gardner was 34, she started getting worried about whether she'd ever have a baby. So she took a test that aims to measure a woman's fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results terrified her. They indicated she had the fertility of a woman a decade older — a woman in her mid-40s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was devastated,\" Gardner says. The news hit her especially hard because she was in the midst of breaking up with her longtime boyfriend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew that being a mom was something I wanted in my life,\" she says. \"And I knew that it would be very difficult to achieve that, given that I was about to be single. So, yeah, I was devastated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her hunt for a solution, Gardner eventually found \u003ca href=\"http://www.infertile.com/dr-silber/\">Dr. Sherman Silber\u003c/a>, a surgeon who runs the Infertility Center of St. Louis. As Shots \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/12/24/167705397/chance-to-pause-biological-clock-with-ovarian-transplant-stirs-debate\">reported in 2012\u003c/a>, when we first met Gardner and her doctor, Silber does something controversial among infertility specialists — he removes and freezes the ovaries of healthy women to put their biological clocks on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that the ovaries can then be thawed and returned to the women via surgery when they're ready to try to have children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_206991\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/sarah-joanne.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-206991\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/sarah-joanne.jpg\" alt=\"Joanne Gardner (left) and Sarah Gardner each had an ovary removed and frozen when they were in their 30s. Now 44, the women had the ovaries reimplanted in June.\" width=\"400\" height=\"263\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joanne Gardner (left) and Sarah Gardner each had an ovary removed and frozen when they were in their 30s. Now 44, the women had the ovaries reimplanted in June. \u003ccite>(Courtesty of Joanne and Sarah Gardner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gardner, who lives in Australia, discussed that option with her twin sister, Joanne, who lives in London. Joanne was also worried about running out of time to have kids. So both sisters decided to undergo the procedure, as a hedge against their dwindling fertility odds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it gave us was huge amounts of relief,\" Sarah Gardner says. \"It really just took a huge weight off us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Gardner twins are 44; Sarah just got engaged and wants to finally try to have a baby. She and Joanne both returned to St. Louis in June to get their ovaries reimplanted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's weird,\" Sarah Gardner says. \"It's like we went in a time machine — a fertility time machine. It's amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only do the sisters hope their reimplanted ovaries will help them get pregnant, they are also hoping the procedure will reverse their menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm really excited,\" Sarah says. \"It will be really nice to not have another hot flash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/10/06/446324220/freezing-ovaries-before-cancer-treatment-may-preserve-fertility\">approach \u003c/a>was originally developed for women who are being treated for cancer and hope to preserve their fertility but don't have time to freeze their eggs. Some cancer treatments can destroy fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although removing ovarian tissue (or an entire ovary) and preserving it, then reimplanting it years later has produced promising results for such women, it remains far from clear how often the multistep procedure works. It's still considered experimental. The Gardner sisters may be the first women without a history of cancer to have undergone it, according to Silber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Egg freezing, on the other hand, has been studied more extensively. And many experts say egg freezing, with its far from certain success, is much safer than going through two surgical procedures to have an ovary removed and later reimplanted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://weillcornell.org/gschattman\">Dr. Glenn Schattman\u003c/a>, an associate professor of reproductive medicine at the Weill Medical College of Cornell University, says recommending ovarian freezing for women who don't have cancer is \"irresponsible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Silber says freezing, thawing and reimplanting an ovary is easier, more reliable and safer than egg freezing; typically, harvesting the ovary and reimplanting it can both be done on an outpatient basis, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, when an entire ovary is frozen, women don't have to undergo the weeks of hormonal injections required to ripen the multiple eggs that are extracted when the eggs are to be frozen, Silber says. And the total cost of the procedure to remove, freeze, thaw and and reimplant and reattach an ovary — less than $3,000 — is much lower, he says, than the cost of going through several attempts to collect eggs for freezing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are huge advantages to this,\" Silber says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Gardner sisters are once again home in Australia and England. They're both waiting for their periods to start again and hope to be pregnant by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wouldn't that be nice?\" Sarah Gardner says, adding that she and her sister realize that the doctors can't guarantee success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to leave it up to the gods or the universe,\" she says, \"and see what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is that the ovaries can then be thawed and returned to the women via surgery when they're ready to try to have children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_206991\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/sarah-joanne.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-206991\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/sarah-joanne.jpg\" alt=\"Joanne Gardner (left) and Sarah Gardner each had an ovary removed and frozen when they were in their 30s. Now 44, the women had the ovaries reimplanted in June.\" width=\"400\" height=\"263\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joanne Gardner (left) and Sarah Gardner each had an ovary removed and frozen when they were in their 30s. Now 44, the women had the ovaries reimplanted in June. \u003ccite>(Courtesty of Joanne and Sarah Gardner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gardner, who lives in Australia, discussed that option with her twin sister, Joanne, who lives in London. Joanne was also worried about running out of time to have kids. So both sisters decided to undergo the procedure, as a hedge against their dwindling fertility odds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it gave us was huge amounts of relief,\" Sarah Gardner says. \"It really just took a huge weight off us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Gardner twins are 44; Sarah just got engaged and wants to finally try to have a baby. She and Joanne both returned to St. Louis in June to get their ovaries reimplanted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's weird,\" Sarah Gardner says. \"It's like we went in a time machine — a fertility time machine. It's amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only do the sisters hope their reimplanted ovaries will help them get pregnant, they are also hoping the procedure will reverse their menopause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm really excited,\" Sarah says. \"It will be really nice to not have another hot flash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/10/06/446324220/freezing-ovaries-before-cancer-treatment-may-preserve-fertility\">approach \u003c/a>was originally developed for women who are being treated for cancer and hope to preserve their fertility but don't have time to freeze their eggs. Some cancer treatments can destroy fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although removing ovarian tissue (or an entire ovary) and preserving it, then reimplanting it years later has produced promising results for such women, it remains far from clear how often the multistep procedure works. It's still considered experimental. The Gardner sisters may be the first women without a history of cancer to have undergone it, according to Silber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Egg freezing, on the other hand, has been studied more extensively. And many experts say egg freezing, with its far from certain success, is much safer than going through two surgical procedures to have an ovary removed and later reimplanted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://weillcornell.org/gschattman\">Dr. Glenn Schattman\u003c/a>, an associate professor of reproductive medicine at the Weill Medical College of Cornell University, says recommending ovarian freezing for women who don't have cancer is \"irresponsible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Silber says freezing, thawing and reimplanting an ovary is easier, more reliable and safer than egg freezing; typically, harvesting the ovary and reimplanting it can both be done on an outpatient basis, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, when an entire ovary is frozen, women don't have to undergo the weeks of hormonal injections required to ripen the multiple eggs that are extracted when the eggs are to be frozen, Silber says. And the total cost of the procedure to remove, freeze, thaw and and reimplant and reattach an ovary — less than $3,000 — is much lower, he says, than the cost of going through several attempts to collect eggs for freezing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are huge advantages to this,\" Silber says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Gardner sisters are once again home in Australia and England. They're both waiting for their periods to start again and hope to be pregnant by the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wouldn't that be nice?\" Sarah Gardner says, adding that she and her sister realize that the doctors can't guarantee success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to leave it up to the gods or the universe,\" she says, \"and see what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twin+Sisters+Try+To+Get+Pregnant+With+Ovaries+They+Froze+In+2009&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A lawsuit filed in Arizona federal court Friday claims that faulty Theranos blood test results contributed to a patient's heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/7-15-RCvsTheranos.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">suit\u003c/a>, which seeks class-action status, accuses the blood-testing company and/or its partner, Walgreens Boots Alliance, of consumer fraud, negligence, breach of contract and civil conspiracy, among other causes of action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the suit, the plaintiff, identified only by the initials R.C., had blood drawn at a \"Theranos Wellness Center\" in a Walgreens pharmacy in Sun City West, Arizona, in February 2015. The patient had been sent there for a routine test of cholesterol and blood sugar, to \"monitor R.C.'s annual heart health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the normal blood test results, R.C.'s doctor recommended R.C. maintain his current medication regime and to return in one year for repeat testing,\" the suit asserts. Less than a month later, according to the suit, the plaintiff suffered a heart attack, requiring two stents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit then suggests that the normal test results were incorrect, alleviating any concern the doctor may have had, so that the doctor failed to intervene when it might have been necessary:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>R.C. and his cardiologist were concerned that R.C. had even suffered an attack given that his blood panels came back clear less than a month prior. Additional blood work performed during his hospitalization strongly suggested that the near-contemporaneous Theranos blood test was inaccurate and that R.C. and his cardiologist’s reliance on the Theranos’ test results was potentially inaccurate or even harmful.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff alleges that Theranos later voided the blood test, a nullification that would have been one of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\">tens of thousands\u003c/a> of changes to test results the company made as part of a failed attempt to assuage the ire of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The federal regulator was threatening Theranos with unprecedented sanctions for running tests at its California lab that failed quality control assessments, among other deficiencies. CMS \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/07/08/theranos-lab-license-yanked-elizabeth-holmes-suspended/\" target=\"_blank\">imposed\u003c/a> those sanctions earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The voiding of his test \"strengthened [R.C's] concern that the Theranos test results were in fact inaccurate,\" the suit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the lawsuit, a Theranos spokesperson sent this statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Patient safety and clinical quality are our top priorities. This matter involves ongoing litigation which will resolve itself in due course. In the meantime, we remain committed to the highest standards across all our labs and look forward to continuing to bring access to high-integrity, affordable health information to every person.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Walgreens said it doesn't normally comment on litigation and would not do so in this case. In June, the pharmacy chain shuttered every one of the dozens of Theranos centers in its stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wall Street Journal last week \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/under-fire-theranos-ceo-stifled-bad-news-1468195377\">reported\u003c/a> that at least eight consumer lawsuits seeking class-action status have been filed against Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this latest filing could represent the most serious accusation of harm to come out of the Theranos debacle, which has seen the company go from a $9 billion Silicon Valley phenom to, basically, a pariah in the biomed tech world. On July 8, in a lengthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-statement-on-cms-findings\" target=\"_blank\">response\u003c/a> to the CMS ruling on imposing sanctions, Theranos wrote a sort of FAQ about the case that included its answer to the question, \"Was anyone injured because of the issues found at the Newark, Calif. lab?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As of now, we have not been made aware -- by CMS, physicians or patients -- of any harm to patient health resulting from our tests,\" Theranos wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Dr. William H. Foege, a member of the company's scientific and medical advisory board and its board of directors, wrote \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/healthcare/288134-theranos-looking-ahead\" target=\"_blank\">in an op-ed\u003c/a> in The Hill today that Theranos is preparing \"for the publication of its data in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presentations at public meetings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Theranos has a strong and exciting future ahead,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A lawsuit filed in Arizona federal court Friday claims that faulty Theranos blood test results contributed to a patient's heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/7-15-RCvsTheranos.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">suit\u003c/a>, which seeks class-action status, accuses the blood-testing company and/or its partner, Walgreens Boots Alliance, of consumer fraud, negligence, breach of contract and civil conspiracy, among other causes of action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the suit, the plaintiff, identified only by the initials R.C., had blood drawn at a \"Theranos Wellness Center\" in a Walgreens pharmacy in Sun City West, Arizona, in February 2015. The patient had been sent there for a routine test of cholesterol and blood sugar, to \"monitor R.C.'s annual heart health.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the normal blood test results, R.C.'s doctor recommended R.C. maintain his current medication regime and to return in one year for repeat testing,\" the suit asserts. Less than a month later, according to the suit, the plaintiff suffered a heart attack, requiring two stents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit then suggests that the normal test results were incorrect, alleviating any concern the doctor may have had, so that the doctor failed to intervene when it might have been necessary:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>R.C. and his cardiologist were concerned that R.C. had even suffered an attack given that his blood panels came back clear less than a month prior. Additional blood work performed during his hospitalization strongly suggested that the near-contemporaneous Theranos blood test was inaccurate and that R.C. and his cardiologist’s reliance on the Theranos’ test results was potentially inaccurate or even harmful.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The plaintiff alleges that Theranos later voided the blood test, a nullification that would have been one of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\">tens of thousands\u003c/a> of changes to test results the company made as part of a failed attempt to assuage the ire of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The federal regulator was threatening Theranos with unprecedented sanctions for running tests at its California lab that failed quality control assessments, among other deficiencies. CMS \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/07/08/theranos-lab-license-yanked-elizabeth-holmes-suspended/\" target=\"_blank\">imposed\u003c/a> those sanctions earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The voiding of his test \"strengthened [R.C's] concern that the Theranos test results were in fact inaccurate,\" the suit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the lawsuit, a Theranos spokesperson sent this statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Patient safety and clinical quality are our top priorities. This matter involves ongoing litigation which will resolve itself in due course. In the meantime, we remain committed to the highest standards across all our labs and look forward to continuing to bring access to high-integrity, affordable health information to every person.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Walgreens said it doesn't normally comment on litigation and would not do so in this case. In June, the pharmacy chain shuttered every one of the dozens of Theranos centers in its stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wall Street Journal last week \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/under-fire-theranos-ceo-stifled-bad-news-1468195377\">reported\u003c/a> that at least eight consumer lawsuits seeking class-action status have been filed against Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this latest filing could represent the most serious accusation of harm to come out of the Theranos debacle, which has seen the company go from a $9 billion Silicon Valley phenom to, basically, a pariah in the biomed tech world. On July 8, in a lengthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-statement-on-cms-findings\" target=\"_blank\">response\u003c/a> to the CMS ruling on imposing sanctions, Theranos wrote a sort of FAQ about the case that included its answer to the question, \"Was anyone injured because of the issues found at the Newark, Calif. lab?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As of now, we have not been made aware -- by CMS, physicians or patients -- of any harm to patient health resulting from our tests,\" Theranos wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Dr. William H. Foege, a member of the company's scientific and medical advisory board and its board of directors, wrote \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/healthcare/288134-theranos-looking-ahead\" target=\"_blank\">in an op-ed\u003c/a> in The Hill today that Theranos is preparing \"for the publication of its data in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presentations at public meetings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Theranos has a strong and exciting future ahead,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Paralyzed ALS Patient Controls Home Through Eye Movements (Video)",
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"content": "\u003cp>Steve Saling controls his world in the blink of an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assisted living facility Saling resides at is designed specifically for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Saling is completely paralyzed, but when he blinks at a screen mounted to his wheelchair, he can open and close doors, propel himself forward, or, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2016/07/06/als-design-residence/\" target=\"_blank\">STAT reports,\u003c/a> call for the elevator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He’d summoned the elevator before he left his room, and indicated where he wanted to go. The secret is a small, white box on the wall above the elevator call buttons. After Saling’s computer converts his blinks into radio frequency signals, the little box conveys them to a receiver in the basement. The signals are then sent as commands to the elevator’s computerized operating system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saling recalled that there was skepticism about the elevator during the design process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge was convincing the elevator sub-consultant that we could automate his elevator,” he says. “A few of the subs were reluctant to embrace change, but they all came around. It all came out beautifully.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Our society treats prisoners with more dignity and respect than the chronically disabled, kept alive but with no life. I knew I had to work quickly to avoid their fate.'\u003ccite>Steve Saling, ALS patient\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Saling was diagnosed with ALS, commonly called Lou Gehrig’s disease, 10 years ago, at age 38. Over the last decade, the nerves in his body have atrophied and died, but his mind is fully intact. ALS doesn't interfere with sensory nerves, so he can still hear, smell, taste, feel and see normally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he lost the ability to speak in 2009, he started communicating through a speech generating device, also controlled with eye movements. He narrates his story in a video below. (You can watch him make use of his automated residence starting around 9:21.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/mgYeTy8qNyY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Saling started investigating long-term living solutions, he says, he became terrified by his future prospects. He visited men with ALS at nursing homes or hospital chronic care units and found them staring blankly at the ceiling from hospital beds, connected to ventilators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our society treats prisoners with more dignity and respect than the chronically disabled, kept alive but with no life,\" says Saling on the video. \"I knew I had to work quickly to avoid their fate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saling partnered with a man named Barry Berman, a nursing home operator and the CEO of the Chelsea Jewish Foundation, which offers senior care in Massachussets. The two envisioned a long-term care facility, which eventually became the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsri.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Leonard Florence Center for Living\u003c/a> -- Saling's home today. A former landscape architect, Saling worked closely with the designers. The building is electrically wired so ALS patients can control doors, windows, beds, et cetera, through Wi-Fi devices mounted on their wheelchairs. The tablets or computers are touch screens that respond to eye movements or facial twitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology levels the playing field,” says Saling on the video. “There is no physical disability on the internet. If we met online, you would never know that I was paralyzed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Saling will spend the rest of his life strapped to a chair, he hasn’t lost hope. In fact, he says, he has an “extremely high quality of life,” thanks to technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology, Promixis Environment Automation Controller (PEAC), which he credits for saving his life, is explained in the video below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uWblDLRQPmw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until medicine proves otherwise,\" says Saling, \"technology is the cure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement is the motto for the fundraising and advocacy organization founded by Saling, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsri.org/\" target=\"_blank\">ALS Residence Initiative. \u003c/a>The organization aims to construct other automated homes for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsa.org/news/media/quick-facts.html\" target=\"_blank\">30,000\u003c/a> Americans currently affected by ALS.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Steve Saling controls his world in the blink of an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assisted living facility Saling resides at is designed specifically for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Saling is completely paralyzed, but when he blinks at a screen mounted to his wheelchair, he can open and close doors, propel himself forward, or, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2016/07/06/als-design-residence/\" target=\"_blank\">STAT reports,\u003c/a> call for the elevator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He’d summoned the elevator before he left his room, and indicated where he wanted to go. The secret is a small, white box on the wall above the elevator call buttons. After Saling’s computer converts his blinks into radio frequency signals, the little box conveys them to a receiver in the basement. The signals are then sent as commands to the elevator’s computerized operating system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saling recalled that there was skepticism about the elevator during the design process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge was convincing the elevator sub-consultant that we could automate his elevator,” he says. “A few of the subs were reluctant to embrace change, but they all came around. It all came out beautifully.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Our society treats prisoners with more dignity and respect than the chronically disabled, kept alive but with no life. I knew I had to work quickly to avoid their fate.'\u003ccite>Steve Saling, ALS patient\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Saling was diagnosed with ALS, commonly called Lou Gehrig’s disease, 10 years ago, at age 38. Over the last decade, the nerves in his body have atrophied and died, but his mind is fully intact. ALS doesn't interfere with sensory nerves, so he can still hear, smell, taste, feel and see normally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he lost the ability to speak in 2009, he started communicating through a speech generating device, also controlled with eye movements. He narrates his story in a video below. (You can watch him make use of his automated residence starting around 9:21.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/mgYeTy8qNyY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Saling started investigating long-term living solutions, he says, he became terrified by his future prospects. He visited men with ALS at nursing homes or hospital chronic care units and found them staring blankly at the ceiling from hospital beds, connected to ventilators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our society treats prisoners with more dignity and respect than the chronically disabled, kept alive but with no life,\" says Saling on the video. \"I knew I had to work quickly to avoid their fate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saling partnered with a man named Barry Berman, a nursing home operator and the CEO of the Chelsea Jewish Foundation, which offers senior care in Massachussets. The two envisioned a long-term care facility, which eventually became the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsri.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Leonard Florence Center for Living\u003c/a> -- Saling's home today. A former landscape architect, Saling worked closely with the designers. The building is electrically wired so ALS patients can control doors, windows, beds, et cetera, through Wi-Fi devices mounted on their wheelchairs. The tablets or computers are touch screens that respond to eye movements or facial twitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology levels the playing field,” says Saling on the video. “There is no physical disability on the internet. If we met online, you would never know that I was paralyzed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Saling will spend the rest of his life strapped to a chair, he hasn’t lost hope. In fact, he says, he has an “extremely high quality of life,” thanks to technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology, Promixis Environment Automation Controller (PEAC), which he credits for saving his life, is explained in the video below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uWblDLRQPmw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until medicine proves otherwise,\" says Saling, \"technology is the cure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement is the motto for the fundraising and advocacy organization founded by Saling, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsri.org/\" target=\"_blank\">ALS Residence Initiative. \u003c/a>The organization aims to construct other automated homes for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alsa.org/news/media/quick-facts.html\" target=\"_blank\">30,000\u003c/a> Americans currently affected by ALS.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In an epidemic, health professionals often struggle to answer two basic questions: Who is sick and where are they?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/12/10/458953265/disease-sleuths-analyze-google-searches-to-stop-infections\">have investigated\u003c/a> how a spike in Google searches (for example, \"What is flu?\") can help them determine if a disease is spreading and how many people might be affected in a given area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar information can be gleaned from \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1ofGRkkuD4&list=PLNO3Oi0ENDVYGnPZCgiOVrCqBcc7AUIQp&index=4\">Wikipedia\u003c/a> page views.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">If an area had a surge in calls, neighborhood hospitals would see a spike in patients in the following weeks. The goal: to create digital maps indicating areas at risk.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But in developing countries, where many people have limited Internet access, these predictors fall short. That's where phones come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible predictive power of phone calls is the topic of a \u003ca href=\"http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/7/e1501215\">paper\u003c/a> published in \u003cem>Science Advances \u003c/em>about a dengue epidemic that hit Lahore, Pakistan, a city of upward of 7 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A research team out of New York University invited people to call a hotline if they had symptoms that might be consistent with dengue. By analyzing 300,000 calls, the team could not only identify outbreak areas — they could predict future surges two weeks or more in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spread by mosquitoes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/dengue/en/\">dengue\u003c/a> causes fever, vomiting and muscle and joint pain. But it's not often fatal. With proper medical care, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/\">death rate\u003c/a> is typically less than 1 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this outbreak, more than 21,000 patients were affected and more than 350 people died. \"We'd never had a dengue outbreak of this sort before,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://itu.edu.pk/faculty-itu/dr-umar-saif/\">Umar Saif\u003c/a>, chairman of the Punjab Information Technology Board and a coauthor of the study. The number of cases was unprecedented in the area. \"The government wasn't prepared, and we didn't know what to do. We were basically caught totally by surprise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its early stages, dengue looks a lot like the flu. To help the sick figure out if they had dengue or not, government officials set up a hotline, advertised it on television, radio and billboards and spoke about it at community meeting spots. When people called, trained responders asked for their addresses, read them a questionnaire about symptoms, then marked whether each case seemed to be a genuine instance of dengue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As people began calling the hotline, Saif and \u003ca href=\"https://cs.nyu.edu/%7Elakshmi/Lakshmi/Home.html\">Lakshminarayanan Subramanian\u003c/a>, a computer scientist from NYU, began to notice a trend. If an area had a surge in calls, neighborhood hospitals would see a spike in patients in the following weeks. Not every patient had called the hotline, but the scientists could still forecast the number of cases based on those who did. Subramanian formed a team to devise a computer system that could make such predictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers began to test their model in 2012, adding in weather conditions that were favorable to mosquitoes. The goal was to create digital maps for public officials, indicating areas at risk. It's unusual to have very specific information about geography in disease forecasts, but this model could predict not only patient numbers for Lahore but the districts where the disease was likely spreading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So officials could direct scarce resources toward areas on the verge of a dengue spike. They sprayed for mosquitoes, added hospital beds, and presented progress reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the number of confirmed dengue patients in Lahore dropped to 257. The disease may have naturally been on the decline, but the scientists believe the system played a critical role by directing help to the regions where it was most needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pilot study in 2012-13, the hotline predictive system has rolled out broadly across Punjab, the province that's home to Lahore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Finding alternative ways to track the disease is exciting,\" says epidemiologist \u003ca href=\"http://public.lanl.gov/sdelvall/\">Sara Del Valle\u003c/a> of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. She was not involved in the study but has studied Wikipedia as a means of predicting flu. Del Valle wishes the study had delved into caller demographics a bit more to ensure that these calls don't miss groups of patients of a certain age, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://idmod.org/team/bio/117\">Ben Althouse\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist who has studied forecasts based on Google searches, said the system was especially promising because the maps are easy for public health officials to digest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saif says the system may soon be put to the test again in Pakistan. \"Monsoon season hits the province in a few weeks,\" he says. \"We're bracing for another dengue outbreak.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second phone-related study tied to the dengue epidemic. In a report last fall, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/09/08/437566559/cellphone-records-could-help-predict-next-dengue-outbreak\">Goats and Soda wrote of the potential value of cellphone records\u003c/a> of 40 million customers of the phone company Telenor Pakistan during a 2013 dengue outbreak: \"The cellphone data [showing how people move about], added to climate information, could have been used to accurately predict both the geographic spread of this disease and its timing,\" according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/112/38/11887\">report\u003c/a> in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. The authors cautioned that doing such predictions in real time would be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Report%3A+Hotline+In+Lahore+Helped+Predict+Surges+In+Dengue+Fever&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In an epidemic, health professionals often struggle to answer two basic questions: Who is sick and where are they?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/12/10/458953265/disease-sleuths-analyze-google-searches-to-stop-infections\">have investigated\u003c/a> how a spike in Google searches (for example, \"What is flu?\") can help them determine if a disease is spreading and how many people might be affected in a given area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar information can be gleaned from \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1ofGRkkuD4&list=PLNO3Oi0ENDVYGnPZCgiOVrCqBcc7AUIQp&index=4\">Wikipedia\u003c/a> page views.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">If an area had a surge in calls, neighborhood hospitals would see a spike in patients in the following weeks. The goal: to create digital maps indicating areas at risk.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But in developing countries, where many people have limited Internet access, these predictors fall short. That's where phones come in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible predictive power of phone calls is the topic of a \u003ca href=\"http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/7/e1501215\">paper\u003c/a> published in \u003cem>Science Advances \u003c/em>about a dengue epidemic that hit Lahore, Pakistan, a city of upward of 7 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A research team out of New York University invited people to call a hotline if they had symptoms that might be consistent with dengue. By analyzing 300,000 calls, the team could not only identify outbreak areas — they could predict future surges two weeks or more in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spread by mosquitoes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/topics/dengue/en/\">dengue\u003c/a> causes fever, vomiting and muscle and joint pain. But it's not often fatal. With proper medical care, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/\">death rate\u003c/a> is typically less than 1 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this outbreak, more than 21,000 patients were affected and more than 350 people died. \"We'd never had a dengue outbreak of this sort before,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://itu.edu.pk/faculty-itu/dr-umar-saif/\">Umar Saif\u003c/a>, chairman of the Punjab Information Technology Board and a coauthor of the study. The number of cases was unprecedented in the area. \"The government wasn't prepared, and we didn't know what to do. We were basically caught totally by surprise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its early stages, dengue looks a lot like the flu. To help the sick figure out if they had dengue or not, government officials set up a hotline, advertised it on television, radio and billboards and spoke about it at community meeting spots. When people called, trained responders asked for their addresses, read them a questionnaire about symptoms, then marked whether each case seemed to be a genuine instance of dengue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As people began calling the hotline, Saif and \u003ca href=\"https://cs.nyu.edu/%7Elakshmi/Lakshmi/Home.html\">Lakshminarayanan Subramanian\u003c/a>, a computer scientist from NYU, began to notice a trend. If an area had a surge in calls, neighborhood hospitals would see a spike in patients in the following weeks. Not every patient had called the hotline, but the scientists could still forecast the number of cases based on those who did. Subramanian formed a team to devise a computer system that could make such predictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers began to test their model in 2012, adding in weather conditions that were favorable to mosquitoes. The goal was to create digital maps for public officials, indicating areas at risk. It's unusual to have very specific information about geography in disease forecasts, but this model could predict not only patient numbers for Lahore but the districts where the disease was likely spreading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So officials could direct scarce resources toward areas on the verge of a dengue spike. They sprayed for mosquitoes, added hospital beds, and presented progress reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the number of confirmed dengue patients in Lahore dropped to 257. The disease may have naturally been on the decline, but the scientists believe the system played a critical role by directing help to the regions where it was most needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pilot study in 2012-13, the hotline predictive system has rolled out broadly across Punjab, the province that's home to Lahore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Finding alternative ways to track the disease is exciting,\" says epidemiologist \u003ca href=\"http://public.lanl.gov/sdelvall/\">Sara Del Valle\u003c/a> of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. She was not involved in the study but has studied Wikipedia as a means of predicting flu. Del Valle wishes the study had delved into caller demographics a bit more to ensure that these calls don't miss groups of patients of a certain age, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://idmod.org/team/bio/117\">Ben Althouse\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist who has studied forecasts based on Google searches, said the system was especially promising because the maps are easy for public health officials to digest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saif says the system may soon be put to the test again in Pakistan. \"Monsoon season hits the province in a few weeks,\" he says. \"We're bracing for another dengue outbreak.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second phone-related study tied to the dengue epidemic. In a report last fall, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/09/08/437566559/cellphone-records-could-help-predict-next-dengue-outbreak\">Goats and Soda wrote of the potential value of cellphone records\u003c/a> of 40 million customers of the phone company Telenor Pakistan during a 2013 dengue outbreak: \"The cellphone data [showing how people move about], added to climate information, could have been used to accurately predict both the geographic spread of this disease and its timing,\" according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/112/38/11887\">report\u003c/a> in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. The authors cautioned that doing such predictions in real time would be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Report%3A+Hotline+In+Lahore+Helped+Predict+Surges+In+Dengue+Fever&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Scientists Are Showing Orson Welles' 'Touch of Evil' to Mice",
"title": "Why Scientists Are Showing Orson Welles' 'Touch of Evil' to Mice",
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"content": "\u003cp>Letting mice watch Orson Welles movies may help scientists explain human consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Touch of Evil' is good for mouse experiments because 'It’s black and white and it has nice contrasts and it has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8AXd1ayxrg\" target=\"_blank\">long shot\u003c/a> without having many interruptions.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At least that's one premise of the \u003ca href=\"http://observatory.brain-map.org/visualcoding\">Allen Brain Observatory\u003c/a>, which launched Wednesday and lets anyone with an Internet connection study a mouse brain as it responds to visual information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of it as a telescope, but a telescope that is looking at the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/brain-science/about/team/staff-profiles/christof-koch/\">Christof Koch\u003c/a>, chief scientific officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, which created the observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that thousands of scientists and would-be scientists will look through that telescope and help solve one of the great mysteries of human consciousness, Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ECrAJlYK7O8qkb37nUFYG7TOx9yKVtJ3\"]\"You look out at the world and there's a picture in your head,\" he says. \"You see faces, you see your wife, you see something on TV.\" But how does the brain create those images from the chaotic stream of visual information it receives? \"That's the mystery,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no easy way to study a person's brain as it makes sense of visual information. So the observatory has been gathering huge amounts of data on mice, which have a visual system that is very similar to the one found in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data come from mice that run on a wheel as still images and movies appear on a screen in front of them. For the mice, it's a lot like watching TV on a treadmill at the gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these mice have been genetically altered in a way that allows a computer to monitor the activity of about 18,000 neurons as they respond to different images. \"We can look at those neurons and from that decode literally what goes through the mind of the mouse,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_202946\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-202946\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956.jpg\" alt=\"A snapshot the mouse visual cortex at the cellular level, captured by two-photon microscopy.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-600x600.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A snapshot the mouse visual cortex at the cellular level, captured by two-photon microscopy. \u003ccite>(Allen Institute)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those neurons were pretty active when the mice watched the first few minutes of Orson Welles' film noir classic \u003cem>Touch of Evil\u003c/em>. The film is good for mouse experiments because \"It's black and white and it has nice contrasts and it has a long shot without having many interruptions,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, the camera follows a couple through the streets of a Mexican border town. As a mouse \u003ca href=\"http://observatory.brain-map.org/visualcoding/stimulus/natural_movies\">watches the action\u003c/a>, its brain activity changes in response to the images. For example, brain cells that respond to vertical lines start firing as the couple moves past a building with vertical columns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That response is just one tiny part of the brain system that allows a mouse to create an internal map of its world. Other experiments show which brain cells fire when a mouse recognizes another animal, like a butterfly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By making all of this data publicly available, scientists around the world can test their own ideas about the nature of perception and experience and even consciousness, Koch says. \"And we expect like in astronomy or other fields of science that they themselves will uncover things in our data that we never suspected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future versions of the observatory will explore nonvisual areas of the mouse brain, Koch says, including those involved in making decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Mouse+Watches+Film+Noir+And+Offers+Clues+To+Human+Consciousness&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Researchers have created a public observatory for studying the visual circuitry in a mouse's brain. Among the attractions: watching 18,000 neurons respond to \u003cem> Touch of Evil\u003c/em>.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Letting mice watch Orson Welles movies may help scientists explain human consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Touch of Evil' is good for mouse experiments because 'It’s black and white and it has nice contrasts and it has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8AXd1ayxrg\" target=\"_blank\">long shot\u003c/a> without having many interruptions.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At least that's one premise of the \u003ca href=\"http://observatory.brain-map.org/visualcoding\">Allen Brain Observatory\u003c/a>, which launched Wednesday and lets anyone with an Internet connection study a mouse brain as it responds to visual information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of it as a telescope, but a telescope that is looking at the brain,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/brain-science/about/team/staff-profiles/christof-koch/\">Christof Koch\u003c/a>, chief scientific officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, which created the observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that thousands of scientists and would-be scientists will look through that telescope and help solve one of the great mysteries of human consciousness, Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\"You look out at the world and there's a picture in your head,\" he says. \"You see faces, you see your wife, you see something on TV.\" But how does the brain create those images from the chaotic stream of visual information it receives? \"That's the mystery,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no easy way to study a person's brain as it makes sense of visual information. So the observatory has been gathering huge amounts of data on mice, which have a visual system that is very similar to the one found in people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data come from mice that run on a wheel as still images and movies appear on a screen in front of them. For the mice, it's a lot like watching TV on a treadmill at the gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these mice have been genetically altered in a way that allows a computer to monitor the activity of about 18,000 neurons as they respond to different images. \"We can look at those neurons and from that decode literally what goes through the mind of the mouse,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_202946\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-202946\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956.jpg\" alt=\"A snapshot the mouse visual cortex at the cellular level, captured by two-photon microscopy.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-600x600.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/cortical-activity-1_enl-256ba3dd444e045101c9a720bffb9b04d8c9d956-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A snapshot the mouse visual cortex at the cellular level, captured by two-photon microscopy. \u003ccite>(Allen Institute)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those neurons were pretty active when the mice watched the first few minutes of Orson Welles' film noir classic \u003cem>Touch of Evil\u003c/em>. The film is good for mouse experiments because \"It's black and white and it has nice contrasts and it has a long shot without having many interruptions,\" Koch says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, the camera follows a couple through the streets of a Mexican border town. As a mouse \u003ca href=\"http://observatory.brain-map.org/visualcoding/stimulus/natural_movies\">watches the action\u003c/a>, its brain activity changes in response to the images. For example, brain cells that respond to vertical lines start firing as the couple moves past a building with vertical columns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That response is just one tiny part of the brain system that allows a mouse to create an internal map of its world. Other experiments show which brain cells fire when a mouse recognizes another animal, like a butterfly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By making all of this data publicly available, scientists around the world can test their own ideas about the nature of perception and experience and even consciousness, Koch says. \"And we expect like in astronomy or other fields of science that they themselves will uncover things in our data that we never suspected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Future versions of the observatory will explore nonvisual areas of the mouse brain, Koch says, including those involved in making decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Mouse+Watches+Film+Noir+And+Offers+Clues+To+Human+Consciousness&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Do Alternative Treatments for Autism Work?",
"title": "Do Alternative Treatments for Autism Work?",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>A huge majority of parents who have a child with autism have tried some sort of unorthodox treatment to alleviate core symptoms and improve skills like communication or social behavior. A 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366192\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> found 88 percent of parents (1,084 respondents) had tried some form of complementary or alternative medicine for their child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The treatments range from special diets and supplements — two of the most frequently tried interventions — to music or animal therapy. But parents have little guidance from medical science, because the evidence for alternatives is thin, if it exists at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, there is some evidence suggesting children may benefit from simple treatments like vitamin B12, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, says UCSF psychiatrist \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.hendren\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Robert Hendren\u003c/a>, who specializes in autism. Hendren's studies of small patient populations have found these supplements produced some positive results in improving social behavior and reducing hyperactivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-WAKDD\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WAKDD/3/\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"680\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not quite like they’re cured, that they no longer have any evidence of ever having had autism,\" says Dr. Hendren. \"But certainly people do a lot better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autism can lead to chronic issues like intestinal inflammation and anxiety. Hendren says supplements can improve a child's overall health. When the immune system is stronger, a child has more resources to handle stress; this, in turn, may reduce tantrums or self-injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alternatives Don't Work for Everyone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t have to look far to find a family who had experimented with alternative therapies. In fact, a colleague of mine at KQED has a 15-year-old son with autism, named Leo Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Leo was diagnosed as a toddler, his mother, Shannon Des Roches Rosa, was heartbroken, but after reading fervently about the disorder she learned a cure might be possible through a nontraditional approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I would caution people about saying, 'Well, if a little bit is good, then why don't you take a walloping dose and maybe that would be better.' '\u003ccite>Dr. Robert Hendren, UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Shannon saw a doctor who specializes in integrative medicine, and says he told her that treating Leo’s disorder was a matter of boosting his immune system and cleansing his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doctor tested his blood, allergies, urine, hair and saliva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tests came back and said that he was allergic to everything,\" Shannon exclaims, \"from, like, chocolate to milk to dairy to asparagus — all these really weird things!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A yeast overgrowth was also identified. So the doctor prescribed numerous supplements and restricted sugar, dairy, gluten and soy in Leo's diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon created a color-coded Excel chart to keep track of the pills, shots and creams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the doctor added \u003ca href=\"http://cornerstoneintegrativecare.com/bioset/bioset-and-autism/\" target=\"_blank\">Bioset\u003c/a> to the mix — a combination of acupressure, plus muscle testing for the immune system. In muscle testing, practitioners often ask patients to extend their arm and resist downward pressure. The practitioner uses the level of resistance to check energy blockages, test the function of organs or uncover nutritional deficiencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon was not convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s like laying hands on you,\" says Shannon. \"What rational person could ever think that could be useful? It’s like getting your aura read.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199268\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-199268 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Leo Rosa uses an electronic talker to help him communicate that he wants a snack to his mom, Shannon De Roche Rosa. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leo Rosa uses and electronic talker to communicate that he wants a snack to his mom, Shannon Des Roches Rosa. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shannon says she wasn't seeing any improvement in Leo's condition, but the doctor told her not to worry because the treatments were preparation for the final step, chelation, a detox therapy intended to remove heavy metals from the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Rosas were skeptical about the idea, after digging around on the internet and learning about potential dangers from the process. So they decided to draw the line on alternative treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does Research Say?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration now \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/MedicationHealthFraud/ucm229313.htm\" target=\"_blank\">warns\u003c/a> that chelation products sold over the counter can lead to serious mineral deficiencies by stripping the body of crucial elements, which can \"cause serious harm, including dehydration, kidney failure, and death.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for dietary changes and nutritional supplements, it's difficult to study them. Trials are often too short to track dietary changes adequately; blind studies are often challenging to conduct; and the research doesn’t offer the reward of a patent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Hendren has led a handful of studies on popular options, including methyl B12, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, all of which he may prescribe based on slightly positive data and witnessing patient improvement in his practice. He's also reviewed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.hindawi.com/journals/aurt/2012/870391/\" target=\"_blank\">science\u003c/a> on more than 90 alternative therapies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I would caution people about saying, 'Well, if a little bit is good, then why don't you take a walloping dose and maybe that would be better,'\" Dr. Hendren says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's continuing to look at alternative treatments, including three current studies on pancreatic digestive enzymes; vasopressin (a neurohormone similar to oxytocin); and sulforaphane (concentrated broccoli extract).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplement with the most \u003ca href=\"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10803-011-1418-3\" target=\"_blank\">evidence\u003c/a> to support its use is the natural hormone melatonin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with autism often struggle with insomnia and melatonin helps patients sleep better, which seems to improve their social interactions, says Dr. Hendren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their eyes seemed clearer, their face or interactions seemed brighter,\" he says. \"They looked at me or at others as though they were just fully realizing that those people were there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What About Dietary Changes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most popular things parents try is eliminating gluten or casein from their child's diet. Gluten is found in wheat, barley and rye; casein is in dairy products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Hendren says he doesn’t generally suggest special diets because there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate a clear benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would try and encourage people to stay within the range of things that have been studied and are within the range of things that are known and effective,\" says Hendren.\u003cb> \u003ci>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If parents are interested in going gluten or dairy free, he suggests they work with a nutrition expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 735px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-199270 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144.jpg\" alt=\"Leo and Shannon Rosa riding BART together. \" width=\"735\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144.jpg 735w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144-400x313.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leo and Shannon Rosa riding Muni together in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Susan Etlinger/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Restricting Leo Rosa's diet was a costly experiment that turned into a nightmare, says his mother, Shannon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He still ate, but he wasn’t happy about it,\" she says. \"He was such a little sad, hollowed-eyed Oliver Twist-looking dude at this time. It was so sad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon Des Roches Rosa is no longer experimenting with Leo’s diet. In fact, she says she'd like to go back to the moment Leo was diagnosed and give herself advice.\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your son is a great kid,\" she says. \"He’s going to be okay. Don't think about trying to turn him into someone he isn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon says the \u003cem>real\u003c/em> miracle cure is acceptance and love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: This post has been updated to reflect that autism is a disorder, not a disease.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A huge majority of parents who have a child with autism have tried some sort of unorthodox treatment to alleviate core symptoms and improve skills like communication or social behavior. A 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366192\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> found 88 percent of parents (1,084 respondents) had tried some form of complementary or alternative medicine for their child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The treatments range from special diets and supplements — two of the most frequently tried interventions — to music or animal therapy. But parents have little guidance from medical science, because the evidence for alternatives is thin, if it exists at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, there is some evidence suggesting children may benefit from simple treatments like vitamin B12, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, says UCSF psychiatrist \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.hendren\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Robert Hendren\u003c/a>, who specializes in autism. Hendren's studies of small patient populations have found these supplements produced some positive results in improving social behavior and reducing hyperactivity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-WAKDD\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WAKDD/3/\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"680\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not quite like they’re cured, that they no longer have any evidence of ever having had autism,\" says Dr. Hendren. \"But certainly people do a lot better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Autism can lead to chronic issues like intestinal inflammation and anxiety. Hendren says supplements can improve a child's overall health. When the immune system is stronger, a child has more resources to handle stress; this, in turn, may reduce tantrums or self-injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alternatives Don't Work for Everyone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t have to look far to find a family who had experimented with alternative therapies. In fact, a colleague of mine at KQED has a 15-year-old son with autism, named Leo Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Leo was diagnosed as a toddler, his mother, Shannon Des Roches Rosa, was heartbroken, but after reading fervently about the disorder she learned a cure might be possible through a nontraditional approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I would caution people about saying, 'Well, if a little bit is good, then why don't you take a walloping dose and maybe that would be better.' '\u003ccite>Dr. Robert Hendren, UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Shannon saw a doctor who specializes in integrative medicine, and says he told her that treating Leo’s disorder was a matter of boosting his immune system and cleansing his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doctor tested his blood, allergies, urine, hair and saliva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tests came back and said that he was allergic to everything,\" Shannon exclaims, \"from, like, chocolate to milk to dairy to asparagus — all these really weird things!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A yeast overgrowth was also identified. So the doctor prescribed numerous supplements and restricted sugar, dairy, gluten and soy in Leo's diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon created a color-coded Excel chart to keep track of the pills, shots and creams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the doctor added \u003ca href=\"http://cornerstoneintegrativecare.com/bioset/bioset-and-autism/\" target=\"_blank\">Bioset\u003c/a> to the mix — a combination of acupressure, plus muscle testing for the immune system. In muscle testing, practitioners often ask patients to extend their arm and resist downward pressure. The practitioner uses the level of resistance to check energy blockages, test the function of organs or uncover nutritional deficiencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon was not convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s like laying hands on you,\" says Shannon. \"What rational person could ever think that could be useful? It’s like getting your aura read.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199268\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-199268 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Leo Rosa uses an electronic talker to help him communicate that he wants a snack to his mom, Shannon De Roche Rosa. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/IMG_0532-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leo Rosa uses and electronic talker to communicate that he wants a snack to his mom, Shannon Des Roches Rosa. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shannon says she wasn't seeing any improvement in Leo's condition, but the doctor told her not to worry because the treatments were preparation for the final step, chelation, a detox therapy intended to remove heavy metals from the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Rosas were skeptical about the idea, after digging around on the internet and learning about potential dangers from the process. So they decided to draw the line on alternative treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does Research Say?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration now \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/MedicationHealthFraud/ucm229313.htm\" target=\"_blank\">warns\u003c/a> that chelation products sold over the counter can lead to serious mineral deficiencies by stripping the body of crucial elements, which can \"cause serious harm, including dehydration, kidney failure, and death.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for dietary changes and nutritional supplements, it's difficult to study them. Trials are often too short to track dietary changes adequately; blind studies are often challenging to conduct; and the research doesn’t offer the reward of a patent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Hendren has led a handful of studies on popular options, including methyl B12, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, all of which he may prescribe based on slightly positive data and witnessing patient improvement in his practice. He's also reviewed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.hindawi.com/journals/aurt/2012/870391/\" target=\"_blank\">science\u003c/a> on more than 90 alternative therapies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But I would caution people about saying, 'Well, if a little bit is good, then why don't you take a walloping dose and maybe that would be better,'\" Dr. Hendren says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's continuing to look at alternative treatments, including three current studies on pancreatic digestive enzymes; vasopressin (a neurohormone similar to oxytocin); and sulforaphane (concentrated broccoli extract).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplement with the most \u003ca href=\"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10803-011-1418-3\" target=\"_blank\">evidence\u003c/a> to support its use is the natural hormone melatonin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with autism often struggle with insomnia and melatonin helps patients sleep better, which seems to improve their social interactions, says Dr. Hendren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their eyes seemed clearer, their face or interactions seemed brighter,\" he says. \"They looked at me or at others as though they were just fully realizing that those people were there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What About Dietary Changes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most popular things parents try is eliminating gluten or casein from their child's diet. Gluten is found in wheat, barley and rye; casein is in dairy products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Hendren says he doesn’t generally suggest special diets because there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate a clear benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would try and encourage people to stay within the range of things that have been studied and are within the range of things that are known and effective,\" says Hendren.\u003cb> \u003ci>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If parents are interested in going gluten or dairy free, he suggests they work with a nutrition expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_199270\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 735px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-199270 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144.jpg\" alt=\"Leo and Shannon Rosa riding BART together. \" width=\"735\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144.jpg 735w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/07/Leo-and-Shannon-e1467927955144-400x313.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leo and Shannon Rosa riding Muni together in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Susan Etlinger/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Restricting Leo Rosa's diet was a costly experiment that turned into a nightmare, says his mother, Shannon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He still ate, but he wasn’t happy about it,\" she says. \"He was such a little sad, hollowed-eyed Oliver Twist-looking dude at this time. It was so sad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon Des Roches Rosa is no longer experimenting with Leo’s diet. In fact, she says she'd like to go back to the moment Leo was diagnosed and give herself advice.\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your son is a great kid,\" she says. \"He’s going to be okay. Don't think about trying to turn him into someone he isn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon says the \u003cem>real\u003c/em> miracle cure is acceptance and love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Theranos Lab License Yanked, Elizabeth Holmes Suspended",
"title": "Theranos Lab License Yanked, Elizabeth Holmes Suspended",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>The feds finally lowered the boom on Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/317817195/CMS-Notification-of-Imposition-of-Sanctions-for-Theranos\" target=\"_blank\">has revoked\u003c/a> the blood-testing company's license to operate its Newark, California lab and barred founder and CEO Elizabeth Holmes from owning, operating or directing a lab for at least two years. CMS also cancelled the Newark lab's approval to receive payments from Medicare and Medicaid. (The news first broke when Theranos released a statement last night \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-receives-notice-of-sanctions-from-the-centers-for-medicare-medicaid-services\" target=\"_blank\">announcing\u003c/a> the sanctions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harsh, even crippling federal sanctions resulted from an inspection of the lab last November. That inspection found numerous deficiencies in the lab's operations, including problems with a blood-clotting test that were potentially life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS had threatened the penalties in April but gave Theranos a chance to respond. In the interim, Theranos voided or corrected \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\">tens of thousands of blood tests\u003c/a>, sending notices to doctors and patients in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We accept full responsibility for the issues at our laboratory in Newark, California, and have already worked to undertake comprehensive remedial actions,\" said Holmes in a statement. \"Those actions include shutting down and subsequently rebuilding the Newark lab from the ground up, rebuilding quality systems, adding highly experienced leadership, personnel and experts, and implementing enhanced quality and training procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we are disappointed by CMS’ decision, we take these matters very seriously and are committed to fully resolving all outstanding issues with CMS and to demonstrating our dedication to the highest standards of quality and compliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tone of \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/317817195/CMS-Notification-of-Imposition-of-Sanctions-for-Theranos\">CMS' 33-page missive\u003c/a> detailing Theranos' failure to mitigate the inadequacies of its lab reads like a school administrator's report to the parents of a kid about to get kicked out of school. Despite five separate submissions containing what Theranos said were proof of corrections, CMS asserted that response was \"not credible.\" Among the problems CMS found with Theranos' filings was a lack of proof of the company's claims that patients were unaffected by tests not meeting quality control standards. CMS also dinged the firm for not finding the cause of quality control failures and for making \"contradictory statements in the submissions (that) call into question the reliability of the information contained in the submission.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS spokesman Aaron Albright said in an email that Theranos could \"begin negotiations\" with the agency. Any agreement would be based on the ability of Theranos to \"remove immediate jeopardy,\" he said, as well as other factors like the severity of the stipulated deficiencies and \"the overall compliance history of the laboratory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That does not sound particularly hopeful for Theranos, but it does have two rounds of administrative appeals available to it, which could delay some of the penalties, including the revocation of the Newark lab's license. The company has 60 days before the revocation takes effect, to decide whether to appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theranos has ceased operations at the problematic Newark lab but still operates a testing facility in Arizona. However, that may also be in jeopardy, according to the Journal, which reported Theranos could potentially be barred from operating \u003cem>any\u003c/em> labs. If and when sanctions are imposed, the Journal said, \"Holmes could no longer own shares of any private company operating laboratories. ... . If she remains with the company, Theranos could be forced to shut down the Arizona lab, lawyers say. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the paper, Geoffrey Baird, associate professor in the University of Washington's department of laboratory medicine, said CMS' action is especially harsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of anything this severe ever happening to a clinical laboratory of this size and scale,\" Baird said. \"I think the company will have to show [Holmes] the door somehow, which might not be possible under the current governance. This is so rare, and essentially unprecedented in a company of this size, that it is hard to know exactly how they will proceed. Personally, I believe she is obligated to step down immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Norman Paradis, a professor of medicine at Dartmouth, who has consulted for both diagnostic startups and biomed investors, agreed that the magnitude of the penalty could be one-of-a-kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've never heard of a penalty this severe,\" he said in an email. \"I'm surprised that they could not have avoided this in light of the new involvement of experienced people and renowned attorneys.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, Theranos hired a number of experts for its medical advisory board. High-powered lawyer David Boies represents the company and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/03/business/dealbook/david-boiess-dual-roles-at-theranos-set-up-conflict.html\" target=\"_blank\">also serves\u003c/a> on its board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rapid Fall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard to believe that, at this time last year, Theranos was riding high, having \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2015/10/28/theranos-is-seeking-to-raise-200-million-in-new-funding/\">raised as much as $750 million\u003c/a>, with its latest round of funding valuing the company at around $9 billion. Holmes herself was estimated to be worth $4.5 billion, putting her at the very top of Forbes' \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/self-made-women/#3ad19b014177\">list\u003c/a> of \"richest self-made women.\" (Besting even Oprah.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes and the company she founded in 2003 had risen to prominence on its claim of having devised groundbreaking technology that required only a finger-prick's worth of blood to test for an array of diseases and conditions, all at an extremely low cost. Holmes frequently used the language of patient self-empowerment to portray her company as a disruptor of the highly profitable diagnostic-testing industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in late October, The Wall Street Journal published a pair of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\">investigative articles\u003c/a> citing anonymous former employees who claimed Theranos' technology, which the company dubbed \"Edison,\" did not work as advertised, and that Theranos may have cheated on required proficiency testing. That was followed in January by the partial release of the CMS report, which stated the situation at the Newark lab could cause \"serious injury or harm, or death, to individuals served by the laboratory or to the health and safety of the general public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That assessment seemed to buttress the opinion of some scientists who had complained about Theranos' failure to publish evidence that its technology actually worked, which is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/02/theranos-debacle-shows-differences-between-silicon-valley-and-biomed/\" target=\"_blank\">usual route\u003c/a> to acceptance by the scientific community. And the bad news just kept coming:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Negative reaction caused Hillary Clinton to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/03/16/elizabeth-holmes-fundraiser-for-hillary-clinton-at-theranos-raises-eyebrows/\" target=\"_blank\">move a scheduled fundraiser\u003c/a> hosted by Holmes at Theranos headquarters.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A published \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/03/28/theranos-tests-have-flaws-but-may-be-fixable-independent-researchers-say/#4a83e2a9560b\" target=\"_blank\">study said\u003c/a> some of Theranos' test results were significantly off.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Federal prosecutors and the SEC launched \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/18/elizabeth-holmes-says-theranos-will-absolutely-survive-video/\" target=\"_blank\">investigations\u003c/a> into the company.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A flurry of consumer \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/05/walgreens-failed-to-vet-theranos-tests-that-patients-are-now-suing-over/\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuits\u003c/a> were filed.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan, who had helmed press relations for John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/24/report-theranos-spokesperson-brooke-buchanan-leaving-company/\" target=\"_blank\">left the firm\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Walgreens \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/12/walgreens-shutting-down-theranos-centers-immediately-as-it-ends-partnership/\" target=\"_blank\">shut down\u003c/a> all Theranos centers within its stores.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Forbes said Holmes' net worth had \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/01/theranos-from-all-angles/\" target=\"_blank\">dropped to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Coming up next: a scheduled appearance by Holmes at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's annual meeting, Aug. 1 in Philadelphia. There, Holmes is slated to present \"Reproducibility and correlation data for various tests comparing Theranos’ capillary collection and storage device with traditional venipuncture methods.\" In attendance will be hundreds of laboratory medicine experts and academics, well-qualified to endorse or debunk whatever Holmes presents. From Kimberly Weiseul of \u003ca href=\"http://www.inc.com/kimberly-weisul/theranos-promises-to-share-research-in-august.html\" target=\"_blank\">Inc.\u003c/a> last month:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[Holmes] may actually face a somewhat sympathetic audience, says Dr. Patricia Jones, the president of the AACC and the clinical director of chemistry for the Children's Medical Center in Dallas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've talked to all sorts of members of our organization since we announced that she's speaking,\" says Jones. \"There's some real excitement that we're going to get to see what she's doing, and there are some who say it's all smoke and mirrors, and she's not going to show us anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \"everyone is concerned,\" Jones also says, \"I think for the most part people are willing to give her the benefit of the doubt, even at this point.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Well that was last month's \"this point.\" Next month's \"this point\" may be a whole other story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[scribd id=317817195 key=key-189WxKQFu0HGaDjm0Ze2 mode=scroll]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The feds finally lowered the boom on Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/317817195/CMS-Notification-of-Imposition-of-Sanctions-for-Theranos\" target=\"_blank\">has revoked\u003c/a> the blood-testing company's license to operate its Newark, California lab and barred founder and CEO Elizabeth Holmes from owning, operating or directing a lab for at least two years. CMS also cancelled the Newark lab's approval to receive payments from Medicare and Medicaid. (The news first broke when Theranos released a statement last night \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/news/posts/theranos-receives-notice-of-sanctions-from-the-centers-for-medicare-medicaid-services\" target=\"_blank\">announcing\u003c/a> the sanctions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harsh, even crippling federal sanctions resulted from an inspection of the lab last November. That inspection found numerous deficiencies in the lab's operations, including problems with a blood-clotting test that were potentially life-threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS had threatened the penalties in April but gave Theranos a chance to respond. In the interim, Theranos voided or corrected \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/19/theranos-corrects-tens-of-thousands-of-blood-tests/\" target=\"_blank\">tens of thousands of blood tests\u003c/a>, sending notices to doctors and patients in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We accept full responsibility for the issues at our laboratory in Newark, California, and have already worked to undertake comprehensive remedial actions,\" said Holmes in a statement. \"Those actions include shutting down and subsequently rebuilding the Newark lab from the ground up, rebuilding quality systems, adding highly experienced leadership, personnel and experts, and implementing enhanced quality and training procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we are disappointed by CMS’ decision, we take these matters very seriously and are committed to fully resolving all outstanding issues with CMS and to demonstrating our dedication to the highest standards of quality and compliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tone of \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/317817195/CMS-Notification-of-Imposition-of-Sanctions-for-Theranos\">CMS' 33-page missive\u003c/a> detailing Theranos' failure to mitigate the inadequacies of its lab reads like a school administrator's report to the parents of a kid about to get kicked out of school. Despite five separate submissions containing what Theranos said were proof of corrections, CMS asserted that response was \"not credible.\" Among the problems CMS found with Theranos' filings was a lack of proof of the company's claims that patients were unaffected by tests not meeting quality control standards. CMS also dinged the firm for not finding the cause of quality control failures and for making \"contradictory statements in the submissions (that) call into question the reliability of the information contained in the submission.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CMS spokesman Aaron Albright said in an email that Theranos could \"begin negotiations\" with the agency. Any agreement would be based on the ability of Theranos to \"remove immediate jeopardy,\" he said, as well as other factors like the severity of the stipulated deficiencies and \"the overall compliance history of the laboratory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That does not sound particularly hopeful for Theranos, but it does have two rounds of administrative appeals available to it, which could delay some of the penalties, including the revocation of the Newark lab's license. The company has 60 days before the revocation takes effect, to decide whether to appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theranos has ceased operations at the problematic Newark lab but still operates a testing facility in Arizona. However, that may also be in jeopardy, according to the Journal, which reported Theranos could potentially be barred from operating \u003cem>any\u003c/em> labs. If and when sanctions are imposed, the Journal said, \"Holmes could no longer own shares of any private company operating laboratories. ... . If she remains with the company, Theranos could be forced to shut down the Arizona lab, lawyers say. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the paper, Geoffrey Baird, associate professor in the University of Washington's department of laboratory medicine, said CMS' action is especially harsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't think of anything this severe ever happening to a clinical laboratory of this size and scale,\" Baird said. \"I think the company will have to show [Holmes] the door somehow, which might not be possible under the current governance. This is so rare, and essentially unprecedented in a company of this size, that it is hard to know exactly how they will proceed. Personally, I believe she is obligated to step down immediately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Norman Paradis, a professor of medicine at Dartmouth, who has consulted for both diagnostic startups and biomed investors, agreed that the magnitude of the penalty could be one-of-a-kind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've never heard of a penalty this severe,\" he said in an email. \"I'm surprised that they could not have avoided this in light of the new involvement of experienced people and renowned attorneys.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, Theranos hired a number of experts for its medical advisory board. High-powered lawyer David Boies represents the company and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/03/business/dealbook/david-boiess-dual-roles-at-theranos-set-up-conflict.html\" target=\"_blank\">also serves\u003c/a> on its board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rapid Fall\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard to believe that, at this time last year, Theranos was riding high, having \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2015/10/28/theranos-is-seeking-to-raise-200-million-in-new-funding/\">raised as much as $750 million\u003c/a>, with its latest round of funding valuing the company at around $9 billion. Holmes herself was estimated to be worth $4.5 billion, putting her at the very top of Forbes' \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/self-made-women/#3ad19b014177\">list\u003c/a> of \"richest self-made women.\" (Besting even Oprah.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes and the company she founded in 2003 had risen to prominence on its claim of having devised groundbreaking technology that required only a finger-prick's worth of blood to test for an array of diseases and conditions, all at an extremely low cost. Holmes frequently used the language of patient self-empowerment to portray her company as a disruptor of the highly profitable diagnostic-testing industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in late October, The Wall Street Journal published a pair of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\">investigative articles\u003c/a> citing anonymous former employees who claimed Theranos' technology, which the company dubbed \"Edison,\" did not work as advertised, and that Theranos may have cheated on required proficiency testing. That was followed in January by the partial release of the CMS report, which stated the situation at the Newark lab could cause \"serious injury or harm, or death, to individuals served by the laboratory or to the health and safety of the general public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That assessment seemed to buttress the opinion of some scientists who had complained about Theranos' failure to publish evidence that its technology actually worked, which is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/05/02/theranos-debacle-shows-differences-between-silicon-valley-and-biomed/\" target=\"_blank\">usual route\u003c/a> to acceptance by the scientific community. And the bad news just kept coming:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Negative reaction caused Hillary Clinton to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/03/16/elizabeth-holmes-fundraiser-for-hillary-clinton-at-theranos-raises-eyebrows/\" target=\"_blank\">move a scheduled fundraiser\u003c/a> hosted by Holmes at Theranos headquarters.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A published \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2016/03/28/theranos-tests-have-flaws-but-may-be-fixable-independent-researchers-say/#4a83e2a9560b\" target=\"_blank\">study said\u003c/a> some of Theranos' test results were significantly off.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Federal prosecutors and the SEC launched \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/04/18/elizabeth-holmes-says-theranos-will-absolutely-survive-video/\" target=\"_blank\">investigations\u003c/a> into the company.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A flurry of consumer \u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/05/walgreens-failed-to-vet-theranos-tests-that-patients-are-now-suing-over/\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuits\u003c/a> were filed.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan, who had helmed press relations for John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/24/report-theranos-spokesperson-brooke-buchanan-leaving-company/\" target=\"_blank\">left the firm\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Walgreens \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/12/walgreens-shutting-down-theranos-centers-immediately-as-it-ends-partnership/\" target=\"_blank\">shut down\u003c/a> all Theranos centers within its stores.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Forbes said Holmes' net worth had \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/06/01/theranos-from-all-angles/\" target=\"_blank\">dropped to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Coming up next: a scheduled appearance by Holmes at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's annual meeting, Aug. 1 in Philadelphia. There, Holmes is slated to present \"Reproducibility and correlation data for various tests comparing Theranos’ capillary collection and storage device with traditional venipuncture methods.\" In attendance will be hundreds of laboratory medicine experts and academics, well-qualified to endorse or debunk whatever Holmes presents. From Kimberly Weiseul of \u003ca href=\"http://www.inc.com/kimberly-weisul/theranos-promises-to-share-research-in-august.html\" target=\"_blank\">Inc.\u003c/a> last month:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[Holmes] may actually face a somewhat sympathetic audience, says Dr. Patricia Jones, the president of the AACC and the clinical director of chemistry for the Children's Medical Center in Dallas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've talked to all sorts of members of our organization since we announced that she's speaking,\" says Jones. \"There's some real excitement that we're going to get to see what she's doing, and there are some who say it's all smoke and mirrors, and she's not going to show us anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \"everyone is concerned,\" Jones also says, \"I think for the most part people are willing to give her the benefit of the doubt, even at this point.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Well that was last month's \"this point.\" Next month's \"this point\" may be a whole other story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The media company \u003ca href=\"https://morningconsult.com/alert/house-democrats-seek-briefing-theranos-investigation/\">Morning Consult reports\u003c/a> that Democrats on the House Energy and Commerce Committee have sent a \u003ca href=\"http://democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/sites/democrats.energycommerce.house.gov/files/documents/Theranos%20Holmes%20%20Device%20Questions%20Letter%202016%2006%2030.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">letter\u003c/a> to the beleagured blood testing company Theranos, scrutinizing the company's policies, and demanding an explanation by July 14th of what the company is doing to address its \"failures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given Theranos' disregard for patient safety and its failure to immediately address concerns by federal regulators,\" says the letter from New Jersey Democrat Frank Pallone, Jr. and two others, \"we write to request more information about how company policies permitted systematic violations of federal law ....\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morning Consult \u003ca href=\"https://morningconsult.com/alert/house-democrats-seek-briefing-theranos-investigation/\" target=\"_blank\">reports:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>They request that the company brief committee staff on how Theranos is working with regulators to bring its California laboratory into compliance, how it will prevent future compliance issues, whether the company is conducting an internal investigation and how the company is working with medical providers and patients that could have been harmed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Theranos sent this written reply: \"We are proud of the work we have done, and look forward to answering the members’ questions and explaining the significant actions we have taken with new operational leadership and quality standards at our laboratories. We are committed to the highest standards of excellence across all our labs and look forward to continuing constructive engagement with our regulators ....\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The media company \u003ca href=\"https://morningconsult.com/alert/house-democrats-seek-briefing-theranos-investigation/\">Morning Consult reports\u003c/a> that Democrats on the House Energy and Commerce Committee have sent a \u003ca href=\"http://democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/sites/democrats.energycommerce.house.gov/files/documents/Theranos%20Holmes%20%20Device%20Questions%20Letter%202016%2006%2030.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">letter\u003c/a> to the beleagured blood testing company Theranos, scrutinizing the company's policies, and demanding an explanation by July 14th of what the company is doing to address its \"failures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given Theranos' disregard for patient safety and its failure to immediately address concerns by federal regulators,\" says the letter from New Jersey Democrat Frank Pallone, Jr. and two others, \"we write to request more information about how company policies permitted systematic violations of federal law ....\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morning Consult \u003ca href=\"https://morningconsult.com/alert/house-democrats-seek-briefing-theranos-investigation/\" target=\"_blank\">reports:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>They request that the company brief committee staff on how Theranos is working with regulators to bring its California laboratory into compliance, how it will prevent future compliance issues, whether the company is conducting an internal investigation and how the company is working with medical providers and patients that could have been harmed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Theranos sent this written reply: \"We are proud of the work we have done, and look forward to answering the members’ questions and explaining the significant actions we have taken with new operational leadership and quality standards at our laboratories. We are committed to the highest standards of excellence across all our labs and look forward to continuing constructive engagement with our regulators ....\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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