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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/bees1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/bees1-1024x767.jpg\" alt=\"Workers clear honey from dead beehives at a bee farm east of Merced, Calif. Photo: Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58793\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers clear honey from dead beehives at a bee farm east of Merced, Calif. Photo: Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/25/175278607/are-agricultures-most-popular-insecticides-killing-our-bees\">All Things Considered\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/03/20130325_atc_16.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/25/175278607/are-agricultures-most-popular-insecticides-killing-our-bees\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/25/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and beekeepers are \u003ca href=\"http://www.panna.org/blog/bees-need-help-now-time-ante\">calling\u003c/a> on the government to ban some of the country's most widely used insect-killing chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pesticides, called neonicotinoids, became popular among farmers during the 1990s. They're \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/about/intheworks/clothianidin-registration-status.html\">used\u003c/a> to coat the seeds of many agricultural crops, including the biggest crop of all: corn. Neonics, as they're called, protect those crops from insect pests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they may also be killing bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www3.ag.purdue.edu/entm/pages/ckrupke.aspx\">Christian Krupke\u003c/a>, a professor of entomology at Purdue University in Indiana, is among the scientists whose research has alarmed beekeepers. Last month, I caught up with Krupke at a DoubleTree Hotel in Bloomington, Ill., where he was giving a talk to several hundred farmers and the agricultural consultants who advise them about seeds, fertilizer and pesticides. The meeting was organized by \u003ca href=\"http://www.growmark.com/Pages/home.aspx\">GrowMark\u003c/a>, a farm supply company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was a skeptical audience, filled with people who make their livings using or selling pesticides. They listened quietly as Krupke laid out the reasons why neonicotinoids have fallen under suspicion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pesticides are typically applied to seeds — mainly of corn, but also other crops — as a sticky coating before planting. When a seed sprouts and grows, the chemicals spread through the whole plant. So insects, such as aphids, that try to eat the plant also get a dose of poison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But could they be killing more than aphids? Krupke put up a picture of a beehive surrounded by a carpet of dead honeybees. In several places across the Midwest, there have been reports of bees dying in large numbers like this. And tests detected the presence of neonics on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seemed like a mystery. How could bees come into contact with chemicals that are buried in soil with crop seeds?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke put up another slide: a picture of a huge machine that's used for planting corn. This equipment is apparently part of the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These machines use air pressure to move seeds from storage bin to soil. A slippery powder — talc or graphite — keeps everything flowing smoothly. The air, along with some of the powder, then blows out through a vent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke explained how he \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0029268\">tested\u003c/a> that planter exhaust and found amazing levels of neonic pesticides: 700,000 times more than what it takes to kill a honeybee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That toxic dust lands on nearby flowers, such as dandelions. If bees feed on pollen from those flowers, that dust easily can kill them. A tell-tale clue: These bee die-offs all happened during corn-planting season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farmers clapped politely when Krupke's talk was over. There weren't many questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke has given this talk to several farm groups. Most farmers just listen, he says, but some are moved to action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each time, \"it's probably at least two or three people who will say, 'I care enough about this problem that I will seek to not use these materials,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmentalists believe that this shouldn't be left up to farmers to decide. They say the Environmental Protection Agency needs to step in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a coalition of environmental groups and beekeepers \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondpesticides.org/pollinators/documents/2013-03-21NeonicsBeesComplaint.pdf\">sued\u003c/a> the EPA, demanding that the courts force the agency to revoke its earlier approval of two of the most prominent neonicotinoids — clothianidin and thiamethoxam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The EPA should immediately take these two neonicotinoid pesticides off the market,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2012/04/18/faces-visions-of-the-food-movement-paul-towers/\">Paul Towers\u003c/a>, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panna.org/\">Pesticide Action Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says that the problem with these pesticides goes well beyond those cases where lots of bees died all at once — maybe because of toxic dust from corn planters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neonics also show up in the pollen of corn, canola and sunflowers that grow from treated seed. Bees feed on that pollen. The amount of pesticide they get is so small that it won't kill the bees outright. But Towers says it may have \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6076/1555.summary\">other effects\u003c/a>: \"Disorientation; reduced ability to gather food; impaired memory and learning; and lack of ability to communicate with other bees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says this low-level exposure to neonics, from millions of acres of seed-treated crops, may be weakening honeybee hives, killing them slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayercropscience.us/who-we-are/\">Bayer CropScience\u003c/a>, the biggest seller of these pesticides, insists that most studies show that neonics are quite safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Fischer, the company's director of ecotoxicology, says that in the real world, one cannot observe these chemicals causing any widespread harm to bees. For instance, he says, \"in Canada, virtually all the canola is grown from neonicotinoid-treated seed. And the health of bees in that area of Canada, the prairie provinces, is as good as anywhere else in Canada.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Bayer CropScience is \u003ca href=\"https://connect.bayercropscience.us/2013/02/27/bayer-bee-care-tour-launches-in-corn-belt-states/\">reacting\u003c/a> to reports of bee kills. The company is working on a new system for planting corn that replaces the powder in planting machinery with a waxy substitute. The company says just making that change can cut the amount of neonics released from corn planters by 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For critics of these pesticides, though, cutting releases in half isn't good enough. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www3.ag.purdue.edu/entm/pages/ckrupke.aspx\">Christian Krupke\u003c/a>, a professor of entomology at Purdue University in Indiana, is among the scientists whose research has alarmed beekeepers. Last month, I caught up with Krupke at a DoubleTree Hotel in Bloomington, Ill., where he was giving a talk to several hundred farmers and the agricultural consultants who advise them about seeds, fertilizer and pesticides. The meeting was organized by \u003ca href=\"http://www.growmark.com/Pages/home.aspx\">GrowMark\u003c/a>, a farm supply company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was a skeptical audience, filled with people who make their livings using or selling pesticides. They listened quietly as Krupke laid out the reasons why neonicotinoids have fallen under suspicion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pesticides are typically applied to seeds — mainly of corn, but also other crops — as a sticky coating before planting. When a seed sprouts and grows, the chemicals spread through the whole plant. So insects, such as aphids, that try to eat the plant also get a dose of poison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But could they be killing more than aphids? Krupke put up a picture of a beehive surrounded by a carpet of dead honeybees. In several places across the Midwest, there have been reports of bees dying in large numbers like this. And tests detected the presence of neonics on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seemed like a mystery. How could bees come into contact with chemicals that are buried in soil with crop seeds?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke put up another slide: a picture of a huge machine that's used for planting corn. This equipment is apparently part of the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These machines use air pressure to move seeds from storage bin to soil. A slippery powder — talc or graphite — keeps everything flowing smoothly. The air, along with some of the powder, then blows out through a vent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke explained how he \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0029268\">tested\u003c/a> that planter exhaust and found amazing levels of neonic pesticides: 700,000 times more than what it takes to kill a honeybee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That toxic dust lands on nearby flowers, such as dandelions. If bees feed on pollen from those flowers, that dust easily can kill them. A tell-tale clue: These bee die-offs all happened during corn-planting season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farmers clapped politely when Krupke's talk was over. There weren't many questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krupke has given this talk to several farm groups. Most farmers just listen, he says, but some are moved to action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each time, \"it's probably at least two or three people who will say, 'I care enough about this problem that I will seek to not use these materials,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some environmentalists believe that this shouldn't be left up to farmers to decide. They say the Environmental Protection Agency needs to step in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a coalition of environmental groups and beekeepers \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondpesticides.org/pollinators/documents/2013-03-21NeonicsBeesComplaint.pdf\">sued\u003c/a> the EPA, demanding that the courts force the agency to revoke its earlier approval of two of the most prominent neonicotinoids — clothianidin and thiamethoxam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The EPA should immediately take these two neonicotinoid pesticides off the market,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2012/04/18/faces-visions-of-the-food-movement-paul-towers/\">Paul Towers\u003c/a>, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panna.org/\">Pesticide Action Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says that the problem with these pesticides goes well beyond those cases where lots of bees died all at once — maybe because of toxic dust from corn planters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neonics also show up in the pollen of corn, canola and sunflowers that grow from treated seed. Bees feed on that pollen. The amount of pesticide they get is so small that it won't kill the bees outright. But Towers says it may have \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6076/1555.summary\">other effects\u003c/a>: \"Disorientation; reduced ability to gather food; impaired memory and learning; and lack of ability to communicate with other bees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers says this low-level exposure to neonics, from millions of acres of seed-treated crops, may be weakening honeybee hives, killing them slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayercropscience.us/who-we-are/\">Bayer CropScience\u003c/a>, the biggest seller of these pesticides, insists that most studies show that neonics are quite safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Fischer, the company's director of ecotoxicology, says that in the real world, one cannot observe these chemicals causing any widespread harm to bees. 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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58771\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 248px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/kidlunch.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/kidlunch.jpg\" alt=\"A child with his lunch at school. Photo: Getty Images\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58771\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child with his lunch at school. Photo: Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to KQED's Forum: Kids and Food Allergies\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201303251000\">Original Broadcast\u003c/a>:\u003cbr>\nMonday, Mar 25, 2013 -- 10:00 AM\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/forum/2013/03/20130325bforum.mp3\"] \u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it seems like childhood food allergies are more common than they used to be, it is because they are: nearly one in 10 preschoolers have allergies to food, and the rate of such allergies has more than doubled in the past decade. For kids with severe allergies, the condition can restrict normal everyday activities like eating out, and often results in frequent trips to the emergency room. But public awareness is growing, and there are promising developments in research and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Host:\u003c/strong> Thuy Vu\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guests:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/profiles/Kari_Nadeau/\">Kari Nadeau M.D.\u003c/a>, associate professor of allergies and immunology at Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucille Packard Children's Hopsital\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.melaniethernstrom.com/\">Melanie Thernstrom\u003c/a>, contributing writer for the New York Times magazine\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>More info:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2012/12/27/smartphone-apps-offer-few-shortcuts-for-those-with-food-allergies/\">Apps Offer Few Shortcuts for Those With Food Allergies\u003c/a> (Bay Area Bites)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/01/08/college-students-with-food-allergies-make-legal-gains/\">Students With Food Allergies Make Legal Gains\u003c/a> (Bay Area Bites)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201207261000\">A Cure for Food Allergies?\u003c/a> (Forum)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it seems like childhood food allergies are more common than they used to be, it is because they are: nearly one in 10 preschoolers have allergies to food, and the rate of such allergies has more than doubled in the past decade. For kids with severe allergies, the condition can restrict normal everyday activities like eating out, and often results in frequent trips to the emergency room. But public awareness is growing, and there are promising developments in research and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>Host:\u003c/strong> Thuy Vu\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guests:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://med.stanford.edu/profiles/Kari_Nadeau/\">Kari Nadeau M.D.\u003c/a>, associate professor of allergies and immunology at Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucille Packard Children's Hopsital\u003c/li>\n\u003cli> \u003ca href=\"http://www.melaniethernstrom.com/\">Melanie Thernstrom\u003c/a>, contributing writer for the New York Times magazine\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cstrong>More info:\u003c/strong>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2012/12/27/smartphone-apps-offer-few-shortcuts-for-those-with-food-allergies/\">Apps Offer Few Shortcuts for Those With Food Allergies\u003c/a> (Bay Area Bites)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/01/08/college-students-with-food-allergies-make-legal-gains/\">Students With Food Allergies Make Legal Gains\u003c/a> (Bay Area Bites)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201207261000\">A Cure for Food Allergies?\u003c/a> (Forum)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Did Congress Just Give GMOs A Free Pass In The Courts?",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 890px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/farmers-sugarbeets.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/farmers-sugarbeets.jpg\" alt=\"Farmers harvest a sugar beet crop in Gilcrest, Colo. Photo: Matthew Staver/Landov\" width=\"890\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58672\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmers harvest a sugar beet crop in Gilcrest, Colo. Photo: Matthew Staver/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Maria Godoy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/21/174973235/did-congress-just-give-gmos-a-free-pass-in-the-courts\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/21/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked inside a short-term funding measure that Congress approved Thursday is a provision that critics are denouncing as a \"\u003ca href=\"http://action.fooddemocracynow.org/sign/stop_the_monsanto_protection_act/\">Monsanto Protection Act\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called \"biotech rider\" was included in legislation that won \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-approves-resolution-to-keep-the-goverment-running-bill-heads-to-white-house/2013/03/21/b06e0e92-922e-11e2-9cfd-36d6c9b5d7ad_story.html\">final approval\u003c/a> from the House, avoiding a shutdown of the federal government on March 27, when the current funding was set to expire. The provision was slipped into the legislation anonymously. It explicitly grants the U.S. Department of Agriculture the authority to override a judicial ruling stopping the planting of a genetically modified crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of it, that sounds pretty bad. And when environmental and organic farming groups got wind of it earlier this month, they mounted a campaign urging voters to call and email their senators and voice their outrage over the provision, which they denounced as a \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/pressreleases/senate-passes-stopgap-spending-measure-full-of-special-interest-favors/\">giveaway\u003c/a> to genetically engineered seed companies\" and even an act of \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.cornucopia.org/\">fascism.\u003c/a>\" Also dismayed was Montana Democrat Jon Tester, the Senate's lone active farmer, who had offered an amendment to strike the provision from the funding resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The provision \"tells USDA to ignore any judicial ruling regarding the planting of genetically modified crops,\" Tester \u003ca href=\"http://www.tester.senate.gov/?p=press_release&id=2821\">said\u003c/a> in remarks prepared for delivery on the Senate floor last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a closer look at the language of the provision suggests it may not be granting the USDA any powers it doesn't already have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not clear that this provision radically changes the powers USDA has under the law,\" Greg Jaffe, director of the Biotechnology Project at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cspinet.org/index.html\">Center for Science in the Public Interest\u003c/a>, tells The Salt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read the provision closely (it's on page 78, Sec. 735, of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/documents/2013/mar/house_CR.pdf\">this PDF\u003c/a>), you'll see that it authorizes the USDA to grant \"temporary\" permission for GMO crops to be planted, even if a judge has ruled that such crops were not properly approved, only while the necessary environmental reviews are completed. That's an authority that the USDA has, in fact, already exercised in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2010, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that the USDA had approved genetically modified sugar beets for commercial planting without adequately assessing their potential environmental impact. The ruling effectively banned future plantings of GMO sugar beets — which made up most of the country's crop — and raised the specter of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.fastcompany.com/1707301/monsanto-sugar-beet-battle-may-lead-sugar-shortage\">sugar shortage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So two giant biotech seed producers — Monsanto and Germany's KWS — petitioned the USDA to issue a \"partial deregulation\": Essentially, farmers \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/05/business/05beet.html\">got the go-ahead\u003c/a> to keep planting the beets until the USDA's environmental assessment of the crop was complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the USDA's decision infuriated environmental groups and the organic industry. So it's easy to see why these same groups now take umbrage at an act of Congress that seems to encourage the USDA to approve first, assess later when it comes to GMO crops involved in a legal dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Says Jaffe: \"It clearly \u003cem>is\u003c/em> a strong statement from Congress that USDA should exercise those powers, maybe in more situations than they might otherwise do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike \u003ca href=\"http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Biotech_Riders_in_the_2012_Farm_Bill\">controversial biotech language\u003c/a> inserted into the farm bill last year that never made it into law, Jaffe notes, the newly enacted provision does not seek to limit the government's ability to conduct environmental reviews of biotech crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for opponents of the new biotech rider, there's this silver lining: Like the rest of the stopgap funding legislation, it expires in six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Congress on Thursday approved stopgap funding legislation that includes language explicitly granting the USDA authority to override a judge's ruling against genetically modified crops. Critics denounce the measure as the \"Monsanto Protection Act.\" But it seems to be codifying powers the USDA already has exercised in the past.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58672\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 890px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/farmers-sugarbeets.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/farmers-sugarbeets.jpg\" alt=\"Farmers harvest a sugar beet crop in Gilcrest, Colo. Photo: Matthew Staver/Landov\" width=\"890\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58672\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmers harvest a sugar beet crop in Gilcrest, Colo. Photo: Matthew Staver/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Maria Godoy, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/21/174973235/did-congress-just-give-gmos-a-free-pass-in-the-courts\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/21/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked inside a short-term funding measure that Congress approved Thursday is a provision that critics are denouncing as a \"\u003ca href=\"http://action.fooddemocracynow.org/sign/stop_the_monsanto_protection_act/\">Monsanto Protection Act\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called \"biotech rider\" was included in legislation that won \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-approves-resolution-to-keep-the-goverment-running-bill-heads-to-white-house/2013/03/21/b06e0e92-922e-11e2-9cfd-36d6c9b5d7ad_story.html\">final approval\u003c/a> from the House, avoiding a shutdown of the federal government on March 27, when the current funding was set to expire. The provision was slipped into the legislation anonymously. It explicitly grants the U.S. Department of Agriculture the authority to override a judicial ruling stopping the planting of a genetically modified crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of it, that sounds pretty bad. And when environmental and organic farming groups got wind of it earlier this month, they mounted a campaign urging voters to call and email their senators and voice their outrage over the provision, which they denounced as a \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/pressreleases/senate-passes-stopgap-spending-measure-full-of-special-interest-favors/\">giveaway\u003c/a> to genetically engineered seed companies\" and even an act of \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.cornucopia.org/\">fascism.\u003c/a>\" Also dismayed was Montana Democrat Jon Tester, the Senate's lone active farmer, who had offered an amendment to strike the provision from the funding resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The provision \"tells USDA to ignore any judicial ruling regarding the planting of genetically modified crops,\" Tester \u003ca href=\"http://www.tester.senate.gov/?p=press_release&id=2821\">said\u003c/a> in remarks prepared for delivery on the Senate floor last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a closer look at the language of the provision suggests it may not be granting the USDA any powers it doesn't already have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not clear that this provision radically changes the powers USDA has under the law,\" Greg Jaffe, director of the Biotechnology Project at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cspinet.org/index.html\">Center for Science in the Public Interest\u003c/a>, tells The Salt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you read the provision closely (it's on page 78, Sec. 735, of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/documents/2013/mar/house_CR.pdf\">this PDF\u003c/a>), you'll see that it authorizes the USDA to grant \"temporary\" permission for GMO crops to be planted, even if a judge has ruled that such crops were not properly approved, only while the necessary environmental reviews are completed. That's an authority that the USDA has, in fact, already exercised in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2010, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that the USDA had approved genetically modified sugar beets for commercial planting without adequately assessing their potential environmental impact. The ruling effectively banned future plantings of GMO sugar beets — which made up most of the country's crop — and raised the specter of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.fastcompany.com/1707301/monsanto-sugar-beet-battle-may-lead-sugar-shortage\">sugar shortage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So two giant biotech seed producers — Monsanto and Germany's KWS — petitioned the USDA to issue a \"partial deregulation\": Essentially, farmers \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/05/business/05beet.html\">got the go-ahead\u003c/a> to keep planting the beets until the USDA's environmental assessment of the crop was complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the USDA's decision infuriated environmental groups and the organic industry. So it's easy to see why these same groups now take umbrage at an act of Congress that seems to encourage the USDA to approve first, assess later when it comes to GMO crops involved in a legal dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Says Jaffe: \"It clearly \u003cem>is\u003c/em> a strong statement from Congress that USDA should exercise those powers, maybe in more situations than they might otherwise do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike \u003ca href=\"http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Biotech_Riders_in_the_2012_Farm_Bill\">controversial biotech language\u003c/a> inserted into the farm bill last year that never made it into law, Jaffe notes, the newly enacted provision does not seek to limit the government's ability to conduct environmental reviews of biotech crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for opponents of the new biotech rider, there's this silver lining: Like the rest of the stopgap funding legislation, it expires in six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Whole Milk Or Skim? Study Links Fattier Milk To Slimmer Kids",
"title": "Whole Milk Or Skim? Study Links Fattier Milk To Slimmer Kids",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1120px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/child-drinking-milk.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/child-drinking-milk.jpg\" alt=\"Parents are currently advised to switch toddlers to reduced-fat milk at age 2. Photo: David M. Goehring/Via Flickr\" width=\"1120\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58615\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents are currently advised to switch toddlers to reduced-fat milk at age 2. Photo: David M. Goehring/Via Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Allison Aubrey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174739752/whole-milk-or-skim-study-links-fattier-milk-to-slimmer-kids\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/20/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job of parenting toddlers ain't easy. Consider the 2-year-old to-do list: Get tantrums under control. Potty train. Transition from whole milk to low-fat milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking from experience, only \u003cem>one\u003c/em> of these things was easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As my daughter turned 2 in January, we made the simple switch to reduced-fat milk. Done. Don't need to overthink this one, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, I'm following the evidence-based advice of the American Academy of Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2008-1349\">guidance\u003c/a> is based on studies that found children who consumed low-fat milk as part of a reduced-saturated-fat diet had lower concentrations of LDL cholesterol. Given the body of evidence in adults linking high cholesterol to increased risk of heart disease, it makes sense to keep an eye on cholesterol, beginning in childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you take fat out of milk, you've also reduced calories, which should help protect kids against becoming overweight. At least, that's been the assumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So here's where things gets confusing. A \u003ca href=\"http://adc.bmj.com/content/early/2013/02/13/archdischild-2012-302941.short?g=w_adc_ahead_tab\">new study\u003c/a> of preschool-aged children published in the \u003cem>Archives of Disease in Childhood\u003c/em>, a sister publication of the \u003cem>British Medical Journal\u003c/em>, finds that low-fat milk was associated with higher weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's right, kids drinking low-fat milk tended to be heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were quite surprised\" by the findings, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://uvahealth.com/doctors/physicians/371\">Mark DeBoer\u003c/a> told me in an email. He and his co-author, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://uvahealth.com/doctors/physicians/rebeca-scharf\">Rebecca Scharf\u003c/a>, both of the University of Virginia, had hypothesized just the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they found the relationship between skim-milk drinkers and higher body weights held up across all racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. DeBoer says their data also show that low-fat milk did not restrain weight gain in preschoolers over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study included about 10,700 children in the United States. Parents were interviewed about their child's beverage consumption on two occasions: once when the children were 2 years old and again at 4 years. Direct measurements of height and weight (to calculate body mass index) were taken by researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, this is not the first study to point in this direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 2005\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berkey+Milk%2C+dietary+calcium+and+weight+gain\"> study\u003c/a>, researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital reported that skim and 1 percent milk were associated with weight gain among 9-to-14-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a 2010 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Huh+milk+adiposity\">study\u003c/a> by researchers at Children's Hospital in Boston, which also looked at preschool-aged children, found that higher intake of whole milk at age 2 was associated with a slightly lower BMI (body mass index). The researchers concluded that switching from whole milk to reduced-fat milk at 2 years did not appear to prevent weight problems in early childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you look at these studies together, DeBoer's findings become more intriguing, though it's unclear how higher fat could lead to lower weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One theory: It's possible that whole milk gives us a greater sense of satiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is speculative,\" says DeBoer, but if you feel fuller after drinking whole-fat milk, \"it may be protective if the other food options are high in calories.\" In other words, if whole-fat milk saves a kid from eating an extra cookie or a second serving of mashed potatoes, he or she may end up eating fewer calories overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the authors acknowledge, one of the shortcomings of the new study is that the researchers did not know how many calories the children were consuming overall or what types of foods they were eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So is it time to think anew about switching toddlers to low-fat milk?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think there is harm in rethinking a recommendation, particularly if there weren't rigorous data behind it,\" says DeBoer. He says he hopes his results lead to further, more definitive studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone is convinced. \"I do think that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/pediatrics/people/bios/Pages/danielsbio.aspx\">\u003c/a>recommendation to give low-fat milk at age 2 is sound advice,\" says Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/pediatrics/people/bios/Pages/danielsbio.aspx\">Stephen Daniels\u003c/a>, a pediatrician at the University of Colorado and member of the AAP's Committee on Nutrition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think the \u003cem>link\u003c/em> between low-fat milk and higher weight makes much sense from a biological perspective,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the earliest studies evaluating diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol did find a link to less obesity among girls. And Daniels points out that in the new study, the toddlers who were on low-fat milk were already heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This leaves open the real chance that parents may have been choosing low-fat milk as a weight-management strategy for those who were already overweight,\" Daniels says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents, if this leaves you confused, one thing to keep in mind is that — whether it's whole, 2 percent or skim — milk is probably not a major driver when it comes to childhood weight problems. Many studies have shown that sugar-sweetened beverages play a much \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/10/22/163260960/swapping-out-sugary-soda-for-diet-drinks-may-help-tip-the-scale-in-your-favor\">bigger role\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Parents are routinely advised to switch toddlers to reduced-fat milk, a move many assumed would help protect kids against becoming overweight. But a new study is the latest of several to find that kids drinking low-fat milk tended to be heavier.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1120px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/child-drinking-milk.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/child-drinking-milk.jpg\" alt=\"Parents are currently advised to switch toddlers to reduced-fat milk at age 2. Photo: David M. Goehring/Via Flickr\" width=\"1120\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58615\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents are currently advised to switch toddlers to reduced-fat milk at age 2. Photo: David M. Goehring/Via Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Allison Aubrey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174739752/whole-milk-or-skim-study-links-fattier-milk-to-slimmer-kids\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/20/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job of parenting toddlers ain't easy. Consider the 2-year-old to-do list: Get tantrums under control. Potty train. Transition from whole milk to low-fat milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking from experience, only \u003cem>one\u003c/em> of these things was easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As my daughter turned 2 in January, we made the simple switch to reduced-fat milk. Done. Don't need to overthink this one, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, I'm following the evidence-based advice of the American Academy of Pediatrics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2008-1349\">guidance\u003c/a> is based on studies that found children who consumed low-fat milk as part of a reduced-saturated-fat diet had lower concentrations of LDL cholesterol. Given the body of evidence in adults linking high cholesterol to increased risk of heart disease, it makes sense to keep an eye on cholesterol, beginning in childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you take fat out of milk, you've also reduced calories, which should help protect kids against becoming overweight. At least, that's been the assumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So here's where things gets confusing. A \u003ca href=\"http://adc.bmj.com/content/early/2013/02/13/archdischild-2012-302941.short?g=w_adc_ahead_tab\">new study\u003c/a> of preschool-aged children published in the \u003cem>Archives of Disease in Childhood\u003c/em>, a sister publication of the \u003cem>British Medical Journal\u003c/em>, finds that low-fat milk was associated with higher weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's right, kids drinking low-fat milk tended to be heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were quite surprised\" by the findings, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://uvahealth.com/doctors/physicians/371\">Mark DeBoer\u003c/a> told me in an email. He and his co-author, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://uvahealth.com/doctors/physicians/rebeca-scharf\">Rebecca Scharf\u003c/a>, both of the University of Virginia, had hypothesized just the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they found the relationship between skim-milk drinkers and higher body weights held up across all racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. DeBoer says their data also show that low-fat milk did not restrain weight gain in preschoolers over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study included about 10,700 children in the United States. Parents were interviewed about their child's beverage consumption on two occasions: once when the children were 2 years old and again at 4 years. Direct measurements of height and weight (to calculate body mass index) were taken by researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, this is not the first study to point in this direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 2005\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berkey+Milk%2C+dietary+calcium+and+weight+gain\"> study\u003c/a>, researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital reported that skim and 1 percent milk were associated with weight gain among 9-to-14-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a 2010 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Huh+milk+adiposity\">study\u003c/a> by researchers at Children's Hospital in Boston, which also looked at preschool-aged children, found that higher intake of whole milk at age 2 was associated with a slightly lower BMI (body mass index). The researchers concluded that switching from whole milk to reduced-fat milk at 2 years did not appear to prevent weight problems in early childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you look at these studies together, DeBoer's findings become more intriguing, though it's unclear how higher fat could lead to lower weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One theory: It's possible that whole milk gives us a greater sense of satiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is speculative,\" says DeBoer, but if you feel fuller after drinking whole-fat milk, \"it may be protective if the other food options are high in calories.\" In other words, if whole-fat milk saves a kid from eating an extra cookie or a second serving of mashed potatoes, he or she may end up eating fewer calories overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the authors acknowledge, one of the shortcomings of the new study is that the researchers did not know how many calories the children were consuming overall or what types of foods they were eating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So is it time to think anew about switching toddlers to low-fat milk?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think there is harm in rethinking a recommendation, particularly if there weren't rigorous data behind it,\" says DeBoer. He says he hopes his results lead to further, more definitive studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone is convinced. \"I do think that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/pediatrics/people/bios/Pages/danielsbio.aspx\">\u003c/a>recommendation to give low-fat milk at age 2 is sound advice,\" says Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/pediatrics/people/bios/Pages/danielsbio.aspx\">Stephen Daniels\u003c/a>, a pediatrician at the University of Colorado and member of the AAP's Committee on Nutrition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't think the \u003cem>link\u003c/em> between low-fat milk and higher weight makes much sense from a biological perspective,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the earliest studies evaluating diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol did find a link to less obesity among girls. And Daniels points out that in the new study, the toddlers who were on low-fat milk were already heavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This leaves open the real chance that parents may have been choosing low-fat milk as a weight-management strategy for those who were already overweight,\" Daniels says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents, if this leaves you confused, one thing to keep in mind is that — whether it's whole, 2 percent or skim — milk is probably not a major driver when it comes to childhood weight problems. Many studies have shown that sugar-sweetened beverages play a much \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/10/22/163260960/swapping-out-sugary-soda-for-diet-drinks-may-help-tip-the-scale-in-your-favor\">bigger role\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Drunken Botanist' Takes A Garden Tour Of The Liquor Cabinet",
"title": "'Drunken Botanist' Takes A Garden Tour Of The Liquor Cabinet",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174642359/drunken-botanist-takes-a-garden-tour-of-the-liquor-cabinet\">Morning Edition\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/03/20130319_me_18.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Camila Domonoske, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174642359/drunken-botanist-takes-a-garden-tour-of-the-liquor-cabinet\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58586\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/botanist-cherry_wide1-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58586\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cherry, prunus cerasus — specifically, the variety marasca — is the only plant that appears in the Manhattan cocktail in an easily recognizable form. But as author Amy Stewart explains, the maraschino garnish is far from the only horticultural element of the cocktail. See below for the rest of the ingredients in a Manhattan. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/174632411/the-drunken-botanist-the-plants-that-created-the-worlds-great-drinks\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/botanist-drunken-209x290.jpg\" alt=\"The Drunken Botanist: The Plants That Created the World's Great Drinks by Amy Stewart\" width=\"209\" height=\"290\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-58587\">\u003c/a>The next time you're sipping on a glass of something boozy, consider the plants behind your beverage. Some of them might spring immediately to mind: grapes in your wineglass, rye in your whiskey bottle, juniper in your gin and tonic. But what about sorghum and coriander? Cinchona and bitter orange?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An incredible diversity of grains, herbs and fruits goes into the world's alcoholic drinks, which means that for the botanically minded, a trip to the liquor store is a little different than it is for the rest of us. Amy Stewart explains what it's like in her new book, \u003cem>The Drunken Botanist.\u003c/em> She once stopped by a liquor store with some fellow gardeners and got a little distracted, she writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n\"There wasn't a bottle in the store that we couldn't assign a genus and species to. Bourbon? \u003cem>Zea mays,\u003c/em> an overgrown grass. Absinthe?\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>Artemisia absinthium,\u003c/em> a much-misunderstood Mediterranean herb. Polish vodka? \u003cem>Solanum tuberosum \u003c/em>... Suddenly we weren't in a liquor store anymore. We were in a fantastical greenhouse, the world's most exotic botanical garden, the sort of strange and overgrown conservatory we only encounter in our dreams.\"\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As Stewart explains to NPR's Renee Montagne, that trip led straight to the writing of \u003cem>The Drunken Botanist.\u003c/em> \"I was talking about [how] we, as gardeners, should be more interested in this stuff. I mean, look at a bottle of gin. There's nothing in that bottle that isn't a plant. And the evening wears on, and I finally said, 'Somebody ought to write a book about this!' And all my friends said, 'Yeah, why don't you do it? You're the one who can't shut up about it!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58589\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 349px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist1.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"349\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58589\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two parts whiskey ... American whiskeys are often aged in white oak barrels (Quercus alba). Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she did, writing a book that makes familiar drinks seem new again. Stewart describes beer by way of the challenges of wheat fermentation, and her discussion of gin starts with how to pick juniper berries. Through this horticultural lens, a mixed drink becomes a cornucopia of plants: A Manhattan may contain just three ingredients and a garnish, but Stewart says that a single glass holds over 20 plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can start with the whiskey, which would contain barley, rye and wheat or corn. And of course it's been soaked in an oak barrel, so let's not forget that that's another plant, the oak tree, that has a huge role in cocktails,\" she explains. \"And then you add sweet vermouth, which is a wine base — so there's your grapes — and then vermouth has a lot of spices and herbs. And then you splash on some Angostura bitters, and Angostura bitters have, oddly enough, not Angostura bark, but has a lot of other roots and seeds. And the final ingredient in a Manhattan is, of course, a cherry, and so there's one more plant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 359px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist3.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist3.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"359\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58590\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One part sweet vermouth ... As a fortified wine, vermouth started out as Vitis Vinifera. After fermentation, the wine met a host of other botanicals as well. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Drunken Botanist\u003c/em> is organized by ingredient, with entries for plants both common (barley is found in beer, vodka and whiskey) and unusual (violet liqueurs aren't exactly a liquor cabinet staple). But Stewart argues that some odd-sounding plants are actually surprisingly common — like sorghum, for example. It's not a familiar grain for most Americans, but elsewhere in the world it's an alcohol staple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's grown across Africa and used to make this homemade beer, this cloudy, opaque beer,\" Stewart says. \"It's also grown across Asia, and particularly in China, where it's used to make \u003cem>mao-tai\u003c/em>. ... I think that sorghum might actually be the plan that turns up in more alcohol around the world than any other, believe it or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58591\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist4gentia.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist4gentia.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/ Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"350\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58591\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One or two dashes of Angostura bitters ... Angostura bitters do not, in fact, use Angostura bark; rather, the tincture draws its flavor from a flowering plant, Gentiana lutea. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/ Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to featuring cocktail recipes, Stewart includes growing information for many of the ingredients she describes. Some plants, like barley, are not for the faint of heart, but others are beginner-friendly: Stewart recommends that home mixologist-gardeners check out the Mexican sour gherkin cucumber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not technically a cucumber, but it's very closely related,\" she explains. \"The fruits are the size of a grape and they're green with little white markings, so they actually look like miniature watermelons. And they taste great: They're sort of a little more tart than a regular cucumber, but they just look extraordinary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the best part, for those of us who lack Stewart's green thumb? \"The vines happen to be very prolific, so you do not have to be a very good gardener.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who has managed to underwater a cactus, I'll drink to that.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174642359/drunken-botanist-takes-a-garden-tour-of-the-liquor-cabinet\">Morning Edition\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Camila Domonoske, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/19/174642359/drunken-botanist-takes-a-garden-tour-of-the-liquor-cabinet\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58586\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/botanist-cherry_wide1-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58586\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cherry, prunus cerasus — specifically, the variety marasca — is the only plant that appears in the Manhattan cocktail in an easily recognizable form. But as author Amy Stewart explains, the maraschino garnish is far from the only horticultural element of the cocktail. See below for the rest of the ingredients in a Manhattan. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/books/titles/174632411/the-drunken-botanist-the-plants-that-created-the-worlds-great-drinks\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/botanist-drunken-209x290.jpg\" alt=\"The Drunken Botanist: The Plants That Created the World's Great Drinks by Amy Stewart\" width=\"209\" height=\"290\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-58587\">\u003c/a>The next time you're sipping on a glass of something boozy, consider the plants behind your beverage. Some of them might spring immediately to mind: grapes in your wineglass, rye in your whiskey bottle, juniper in your gin and tonic. But what about sorghum and coriander? Cinchona and bitter orange?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An incredible diversity of grains, herbs and fruits goes into the world's alcoholic drinks, which means that for the botanically minded, a trip to the liquor store is a little different than it is for the rest of us. Amy Stewart explains what it's like in her new book, \u003cem>The Drunken Botanist.\u003c/em> She once stopped by a liquor store with some fellow gardeners and got a little distracted, she writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n\"There wasn't a bottle in the store that we couldn't assign a genus and species to. Bourbon? \u003cem>Zea mays,\u003c/em> an overgrown grass. Absinthe?\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>Artemisia absinthium,\u003c/em> a much-misunderstood Mediterranean herb. Polish vodka? \u003cem>Solanum tuberosum \u003c/em>... Suddenly we weren't in a liquor store anymore. We were in a fantastical greenhouse, the world's most exotic botanical garden, the sort of strange and overgrown conservatory we only encounter in our dreams.\"\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As Stewart explains to NPR's Renee Montagne, that trip led straight to the writing of \u003cem>The Drunken Botanist.\u003c/em> \"I was talking about [how] we, as gardeners, should be more interested in this stuff. I mean, look at a bottle of gin. There's nothing in that bottle that isn't a plant. And the evening wears on, and I finally said, 'Somebody ought to write a book about this!' And all my friends said, 'Yeah, why don't you do it? You're the one who can't shut up about it!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58589\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 349px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist1.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"349\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58589\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two parts whiskey ... American whiskeys are often aged in white oak barrels (Quercus alba). Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she did, writing a book that makes familiar drinks seem new again. Stewart describes beer by way of the challenges of wheat fermentation, and her discussion of gin starts with how to pick juniper berries. Through this horticultural lens, a mixed drink becomes a cornucopia of plants: A Manhattan may contain just three ingredients and a garnish, but Stewart says that a single glass holds over 20 plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can start with the whiskey, which would contain barley, rye and wheat or corn. And of course it's been soaked in an oak barrel, so let's not forget that that's another plant, the oak tree, that has a huge role in cocktails,\" she explains. \"And then you add sweet vermouth, which is a wine base — so there's your grapes — and then vermouth has a lot of spices and herbs. And then you splash on some Angostura bitters, and Angostura bitters have, oddly enough, not Angostura bark, but has a lot of other roots and seeds. And the final ingredient in a Manhattan is, of course, a cherry, and so there's one more plant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 359px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist3.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist3.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"359\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58590\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One part sweet vermouth ... As a fortified wine, vermouth started out as Vitis Vinifera. After fermentation, the wine met a host of other botanicals as well. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Drunken Botanist\u003c/em> is organized by ingredient, with entries for plants both common (barley is found in beer, vodka and whiskey) and unusual (violet liqueurs aren't exactly a liquor cabinet staple). But Stewart argues that some odd-sounding plants are actually surprisingly common — like sorghum, for example. It's not a familiar grain for most Americans, but elsewhere in the world it's an alcohol staple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's grown across Africa and used to make this homemade beer, this cloudy, opaque beer,\" Stewart says. \"It's also grown across Asia, and particularly in China, where it's used to make \u003cem>mao-tai\u003c/em>. ... I think that sorghum might actually be the plan that turns up in more alcohol around the world than any other, believe it or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58591\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist4gentia.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drunken-botanist4gentia.jpg\" alt=\"Koehler's Medicinal Plants/ Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\" width=\"350\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58591\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One or two dashes of Angostura bitters ... Angostura bitters do not, in fact, use Angostura bark; rather, the tincture draws its flavor from a flowering plant, Gentiana lutea. Koehler's Medicinal Plants/ Image courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to featuring cocktail recipes, Stewart includes growing information for many of the ingredients she describes. Some plants, like barley, are not for the faint of heart, but others are beginner-friendly: Stewart recommends that home mixologist-gardeners check out the Mexican sour gherkin cucumber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not technically a cucumber, but it's very closely related,\" she explains. \"The fruits are the size of a grape and they're green with little white markings, so they actually look like miniature watermelons. And they taste great: They're sort of a little more tart than a regular cucumber, but they just look extraordinary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the best part, for those of us who lack Stewart's green thumb? \"The vines happen to be very prolific, so you do not have to be a very good gardener.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who has managed to underwater a cactus, I'll drink to that.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cash Back On Broccoli: Health Insurers Nudge Shoppers To Be Well ",
"title": "Cash Back On Broccoli: Health Insurers Nudge Shoppers To Be Well ",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58580\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pick-n-pay.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pick-n-pay-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"A shopper at a branch of South African retailer Pick n Pay in Johannesburg. Health insurer Discovery offers rebates on health food at the chain to its members who enroll in a health promotion program. Photo: SIPHIWE SIBEKO/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58580\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shopper at a branch of South African retailer Pick n Pay in Johannesburg. Health insurer Discovery offers rebates on health food at the chain to its members who enroll in a health promotion program.\u003cbr>Photo: SIPHIWE SIBEKO/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Allison Aubrey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/18/174667020/cash-back-on-broccoli-health-insurers-nudge-shoppers-to-be-well\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At $2.50 a pound, broccoli may seem too expensive. But cut the price by 25 percent, and our thinking about whether we should buy it may change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ajpmonline.org/webfiles/images/journals/amepre/AMEPRE_3774%5B3%5D-stamped-031913.pdf\">study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>American Journal of Preventive Medicine\u003c/em> concludes that rebates on healthy food purchases lead to significant changes in what people put in their grocery carts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was actually South Africa's largest insurer, Discovery, in partnership with Vitality Group, that decided to offer 10 percent and 25 percent cash-back rebates to members of its health promotion program on fruits, vegetables, non-fat dairy and other \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovery.co.za\">healthful foods\u003c/a> at one supermarket chain. (To get the 25 percent rebate, members had to fill out a questionnaire.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the RAND Corporation then looked at their spending on these foods and found that they increased 9.3 percent (calculated as a ratio of spending on healthy food to total food spending) with the 25 percent rebate. A 10 percent rebate nudged people to buy healthier stuff, too, just a little less — a 6 percent increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People did react fairly strong,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.rand.org/about/people/s/sturm_roland.html\">Roland Sturm\u003c/a> of RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., the study's lead author. Even the smaller rebate was \"enough to change behavior.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis looked at the purchases of more than 170,000 households, 60 percent of which were eligible for the rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., Wal-Mart and a company called HumanaVitality are now testing a similar healthful food incentives \u003ca href=\"http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/walmart-and-humanavitality-partner-for-first-of-its-kind-healthier-food-program-designed-to-incentivize-wellness-in-america-170286676.html\">pilot program\u003c/a>. Members of HumanaVitality, a partnership between the Vitality Group (owned by Discovery) and health insurer Humana, save 5 percent when they buy foods with the \u003ca href=\"http://corporate.walmart.com/global-responsibility/hunger-nutrition/great-for-you\">Great For You\u003c/a> label at Wal-Mart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is a 5 percent rebate, or discount, enough to motivate people to change their shopping patterns? It's not clear. HumanaVitality will find out when they analyze the results in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Derek Yach of the Vitality Group acknowledges that a 10 percent rebate would be better than 5 percent. As my colleague Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/01/28/169733003/how-one-man-tried-to-slim-down-big-soda-from-the-inside\">has reported\u003c/a>, Yach, a former PepsiCo vice president, and Vitality Group, are at the forefront of this movement to try to incentivize wellness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Yach says the findings of the RAND study suggest that diets can be shifted. And this, he believes, has huge implications for public policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some two-thirds of healthcare spending is linked to lifestyle diseases such as obesity, Type-2 diabetes that can be prevented or controlled by healthier diets and lifestyle. So the insurers sponsoring these incentive programs are hoping they'll help curb future healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the study is among the first to evaluate a large rebate program, it's important to look at what shoppers did with the cash they got back. Did they use the 25 percent savings on broccoli to buy doughnuts? Nope — they increased their spending on healthy foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But incentive programs have also been known to fall flat. As we've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=124610428\">reported,\u003c/a> researchers at the University of Buffalo found that subsidizing healthy food led to the unintended consequence of people spending more on high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. This was a small study that took place in a simulated market setting, not a real grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this new study shows that over the long-term, it may be possible to nudge people towards wellness by consistently making healthy food cheaper.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Rebates on healthy foods purchases can influence what put in their grocery carts, a study found. People spent 9 percent more on fruits, vegetables, non-fat dairy and other healthful foods when they got a 25 percent rebate on them.",
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"headline": "Cash Back On Broccoli: Health Insurers Nudge Shoppers To Be Well ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58580\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pick-n-pay.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pick-n-pay-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"A shopper at a branch of South African retailer Pick n Pay in Johannesburg. Health insurer Discovery offers rebates on health food at the chain to its members who enroll in a health promotion program. Photo: SIPHIWE SIBEKO/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58580\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shopper at a branch of South African retailer Pick n Pay in Johannesburg. Health insurer Discovery offers rebates on health food at the chain to its members who enroll in a health promotion program.\u003cbr>Photo: SIPHIWE SIBEKO/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Allison Aubrey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/18/174667020/cash-back-on-broccoli-health-insurers-nudge-shoppers-to-be-well\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At $2.50 a pound, broccoli may seem too expensive. But cut the price by 25 percent, and our thinking about whether we should buy it may change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ajpmonline.org/webfiles/images/journals/amepre/AMEPRE_3774%5B3%5D-stamped-031913.pdf\">study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>American Journal of Preventive Medicine\u003c/em> concludes that rebates on healthy food purchases lead to significant changes in what people put in their grocery carts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was actually South Africa's largest insurer, Discovery, in partnership with Vitality Group, that decided to offer 10 percent and 25 percent cash-back rebates to members of its health promotion program on fruits, vegetables, non-fat dairy and other \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovery.co.za\">healthful foods\u003c/a> at one supermarket chain. (To get the 25 percent rebate, members had to fill out a questionnaire.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the RAND Corporation then looked at their spending on these foods and found that they increased 9.3 percent (calculated as a ratio of spending on healthy food to total food spending) with the 25 percent rebate. A 10 percent rebate nudged people to buy healthier stuff, too, just a little less — a 6 percent increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People did react fairly strong,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.rand.org/about/people/s/sturm_roland.html\">Roland Sturm\u003c/a> of RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., the study's lead author. Even the smaller rebate was \"enough to change behavior.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis looked at the purchases of more than 170,000 households, 60 percent of which were eligible for the rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., Wal-Mart and a company called HumanaVitality are now testing a similar healthful food incentives \u003ca href=\"http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/walmart-and-humanavitality-partner-for-first-of-its-kind-healthier-food-program-designed-to-incentivize-wellness-in-america-170286676.html\">pilot program\u003c/a>. Members of HumanaVitality, a partnership between the Vitality Group (owned by Discovery) and health insurer Humana, save 5 percent when they buy foods with the \u003ca href=\"http://corporate.walmart.com/global-responsibility/hunger-nutrition/great-for-you\">Great For You\u003c/a> label at Wal-Mart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is a 5 percent rebate, or discount, enough to motivate people to change their shopping patterns? It's not clear. HumanaVitality will find out when they analyze the results in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Derek Yach of the Vitality Group acknowledges that a 10 percent rebate would be better than 5 percent. As my colleague Dan Charles \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/01/28/169733003/how-one-man-tried-to-slim-down-big-soda-from-the-inside\">has reported\u003c/a>, Yach, a former PepsiCo vice president, and Vitality Group, are at the forefront of this movement to try to incentivize wellness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Yach says the findings of the RAND study suggest that diets can be shifted. And this, he believes, has huge implications for public policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some two-thirds of healthcare spending is linked to lifestyle diseases such as obesity, Type-2 diabetes that can be prevented or controlled by healthier diets and lifestyle. So the insurers sponsoring these incentive programs are hoping they'll help curb future healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the study is among the first to evaluate a large rebate program, it's important to look at what shoppers did with the cash they got back. Did they use the 25 percent savings on broccoli to buy doughnuts? Nope — they increased their spending on healthy foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But incentive programs have also been known to fall flat. As we've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=124610428\">reported,\u003c/a> researchers at the University of Buffalo found that subsidizing healthy food led to the unintended consequence of people spending more on high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. This was a small study that took place in a simulated market setting, not a real grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this new study shows that over the long-term, it may be possible to nudge people towards wellness by consistently making healthy food cheaper.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/synesthesia.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/synesthesia-1024x767.jpg\" alt='A select group of synesthetes can truly \"taste the rainbow.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR' width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58539\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A select group of synesthetes can truly \"taste the rainbow.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Audrey Carlsen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174132392/synesthetes-really-can-taste-the-rainbow\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of us got our fill of green-colored food on St. Patrick's Day. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.seriouseats.com/2009/03/how-to-make-green-beer-for-st-patricks-day.html\">Green beer\u003c/a>, anyone?) But for some people, associating taste with color is more than just a once-a-year experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These people have \u003ca href=\"http://synesthete.org/\">synesthesia\u003c/a> — a neurological condition in which stimulation of one sense (e.g., taste) produces experiences in a totally different sense (e.g., sight). According to researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.daysyn.com/\">Sean Day\u003c/a>, approximately one in 27 people has some form of synesthesia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58537\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 194px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/altaquawineglass.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/altaquawineglass-194x290.jpg\" alt='For Jaime Smith, a synesthetic sommelier, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR' width=\"194\" height=\"290\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-58537\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For Jaime Smith, a synesthetic sommelier, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4602748\">covered\u003c/a> this phenomenon in the past. And I'm a synesthete myself — I see letters and numbers in color, and associate sounds with shapes and textures. But only a very few people — maybe only 1 percent of synesthetes — have sensory crossovers that affect their relationship with food and drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jaime Smith is one of those people. He's a sommelier by trade, and he has a rare gift: He smells in colors and shapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Smith, who lives in Las Vegas, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Other smells also elicit three-dimensional textures and colors on what he describes as a \"projector\" in his mind's eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \"added dimension,\" Smith says, enhances his ability to appraise and analyze wines. \"I feel that I have an advantage over a lot of people, particularly in a field where you're judged on how good of a smeller you are,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atlanta-based pastry chef Taria Camerino also has synesthesia. But for her, synesthesia is more than just an advantage — it's a necessity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camerino experiences the world through taste. She tastes music, colors, shapes and even people's emotions. She says she has a hard time remembering what things look or sound like, but she can immediately identify objects based on their synesthetic flavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I don't know what a box looks like unless it's in front of me. I don't know what the color green looks like. But I know what green tastes like,\" she says.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In addition to working as a pastry chef, Camerino is often asked by clients to make dishes that mimic her synesthetic experiences. She creates \"flavor profiles\" of things like \u003cem>satisfaction\u003c/em> and \u003cem>discontent\u003c/em>. She takes inspiration from music to put together nine-course tastings featuring dishes like moss-flavored cotton candy and oyster ceviche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I move through the world this way all the time,\" she explains. \"If I want someone to understand it, I have to create a dish out of it. I have to make it palatable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A synesthete himself, Sean Day is president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.synesthesia.info/\">American Synesthesia Association\u003c/a> and has been tracking research on this condition for more than three decades. (He runs a popular international \u003ca href=\"http://www.daysyn.com/Synesthesia-List.html\">mailing list\u003c/a> on the topic.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summarizing the state of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17515901\">current research\u003c/a>, Day says the brains of synesthetes do appear to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23454047\">anatomically different\u003c/a> (although he cautions that scientists have only studied a few types of synesthesia so far). In particular, it seems that the neural connections between different sensory parts of the brain are more \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002261.htm\">myelinated\u003c/a> in people with synesthesia. Myelin is a fatty sheath that surrounds neurons and enables neural signals to travel more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because the myelination is different, the interaction between certain parts of the brain is different,\" explains Day. This allows parts of the brain that are responsible for different senses to communicate when they normally wouldn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hypermyelination could explain why synesthetic experiences seem so real for people like British IT consultant \u003ca href=\"http://www.jameswannerton.com/\">James Wannerton\u003c/a>, who is also the president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uksynaesthesia.com/\">UK Synaesthesia Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wannerton has a particularly intrusive form of synesthesia, in which sounds, words and colors all have taste and texture. \"It's like having an eyedropper of taste sort of dripped on your tongue constantly, just one after another after another,\" he explains. \"It's a full mouth feel. It's exactly like I'm eating something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58538\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pastedgraphic.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pastedgraphic-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"James Wannerton worked with photographers Dominic Davies and Andrew Stellitano to create this conceptual image, which for him elicits the taste of a roast lamb dinner with all of the trimmings. Photo: Dominic Davies/Courtesy of James Wannerton\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-58538\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Wannerton worked with photographers Dominic Davies and Andrew Stellitano to create this conceptual image, which for him elicits the taste of a roast lamb dinner with all of the trimmings. Photo: Dominic Davies/Courtesy of James Wannerton\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even Wannerton's brain gets fooled. \"I wouldn't know what a hunger pang is because I don't get hungry,\" he says. \"My brain [is] constantly pumping acid into my stomach to dissolve food that isn't there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Synesthesia affects his social life, too. Eating out, for example, is a nightmare: \"Different voices, the ambient atmosphere in the restaurant, it all makes a difference to my experience,\" says Wannerton. \"You serve me food on a blue plate — it just totally messes up the eating sensation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some people's names aren't very pleasant, either. \"If I don't like somebody's name ... I won't like them very much,\" he explains unabashedly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My name, Audrey, for example, tastes strongly of tinned tomatoes. \"If I actually had to speak with you every day, I'd try and shorten [your name] somehow,\" Wannerton tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though his synesthesia can be quite disruptive at times (\"It's \"absolutely ludicrous,\" he admits), at the end of the day, Wannerton still enjoys it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most synesthetes would agree, including sommelier Jaime Smith. \"My synthie thing is the added bonus for me,\" he says. \"[It's] the joy and sometimes the fun of it all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/synesthesia.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/synesthesia-1024x767.jpg\" alt='A select group of synesthetes can truly \"taste the rainbow.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR' width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58539\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A select group of synesthetes can truly \"taste the rainbow.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Audrey Carlsen, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174132392/synesthetes-really-can-taste-the-rainbow\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/18/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty of us got our fill of green-colored food on St. Patrick's Day. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.seriouseats.com/2009/03/how-to-make-green-beer-for-st-patricks-day.html\">Green beer\u003c/a>, anyone?) But for some people, associating taste with color is more than just a once-a-year experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These people have \u003ca href=\"http://synesthete.org/\">synesthesia\u003c/a> — a neurological condition in which stimulation of one sense (e.g., taste) produces experiences in a totally different sense (e.g., sight). According to researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.daysyn.com/\">Sean Day\u003c/a>, approximately one in 27 people has some form of synesthesia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58537\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 194px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/altaquawineglass.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/altaquawineglass-194x290.jpg\" alt='For Jaime Smith, a synesthetic sommelier, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR' width=\"194\" height=\"290\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-58537\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For Jaime Smith, a synesthetic sommelier, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Photo illustration by Daniel M.N. Turner/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4602748\">covered\u003c/a> this phenomenon in the past. And I'm a synesthete myself — I see letters and numbers in color, and associate sounds with shapes and textures. But only a very few people — maybe only 1 percent of synesthetes — have sensory crossovers that affect their relationship with food and drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jaime Smith is one of those people. He's a sommelier by trade, and he has a rare gift: He smells in colors and shapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Smith, who lives in Las Vegas, a white wine like Nosiola has a \"beautiful aquamarine, flowy, kind of wavy color to it.\" Other smells also elicit three-dimensional textures and colors on what he describes as a \"projector\" in his mind's eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \"added dimension,\" Smith says, enhances his ability to appraise and analyze wines. \"I feel that I have an advantage over a lot of people, particularly in a field where you're judged on how good of a smeller you are,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atlanta-based pastry chef Taria Camerino also has synesthesia. But for her, synesthesia is more than just an advantage — it's a necessity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camerino experiences the world through taste. She tastes music, colors, shapes and even people's emotions. She says she has a hard time remembering what things look or sound like, but she can immediately identify objects based on their synesthetic flavors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I don't know what a box looks like unless it's in front of me. I don't know what the color green looks like. But I know what green tastes like,\" she says.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In addition to working as a pastry chef, Camerino is often asked by clients to make dishes that mimic her synesthetic experiences. She creates \"flavor profiles\" of things like \u003cem>satisfaction\u003c/em> and \u003cem>discontent\u003c/em>. She takes inspiration from music to put together nine-course tastings featuring dishes like moss-flavored cotton candy and oyster ceviche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I move through the world this way all the time,\" she explains. \"If I want someone to understand it, I have to create a dish out of it. I have to make it palatable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A synesthete himself, Sean Day is president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.synesthesia.info/\">American Synesthesia Association\u003c/a> and has been tracking research on this condition for more than three decades. (He runs a popular international \u003ca href=\"http://www.daysyn.com/Synesthesia-List.html\">mailing list\u003c/a> on the topic.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summarizing the state of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17515901\">current research\u003c/a>, Day says the brains of synesthetes do appear to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23454047\">anatomically different\u003c/a> (although he cautions that scientists have only studied a few types of synesthesia so far). In particular, it seems that the neural connections between different sensory parts of the brain are more \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002261.htm\">myelinated\u003c/a> in people with synesthesia. Myelin is a fatty sheath that surrounds neurons and enables neural signals to travel more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because the myelination is different, the interaction between certain parts of the brain is different,\" explains Day. This allows parts of the brain that are responsible for different senses to communicate when they normally wouldn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hypermyelination could explain why synesthetic experiences seem so real for people like British IT consultant \u003ca href=\"http://www.jameswannerton.com/\">James Wannerton\u003c/a>, who is also the president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uksynaesthesia.com/\">UK Synaesthesia Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wannerton has a particularly intrusive form of synesthesia, in which sounds, words and colors all have taste and texture. \"It's like having an eyedropper of taste sort of dripped on your tongue constantly, just one after another after another,\" he explains. \"It's a full mouth feel. It's exactly like I'm eating something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58538\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pastedgraphic.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pastedgraphic-290x217.jpg\" alt=\"James Wannerton worked with photographers Dominic Davies and Andrew Stellitano to create this conceptual image, which for him elicits the taste of a roast lamb dinner with all of the trimmings. Photo: Dominic Davies/Courtesy of James Wannerton\" width=\"290\" height=\"217\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-58538\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Wannerton worked with photographers Dominic Davies and Andrew Stellitano to create this conceptual image, which for him elicits the taste of a roast lamb dinner with all of the trimmings. Photo: Dominic Davies/Courtesy of James Wannerton\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even Wannerton's brain gets fooled. \"I wouldn't know what a hunger pang is because I don't get hungry,\" he says. \"My brain [is] constantly pumping acid into my stomach to dissolve food that isn't there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Synesthesia affects his social life, too. Eating out, for example, is a nightmare: \"Different voices, the ambient atmosphere in the restaurant, it all makes a difference to my experience,\" says Wannerton. \"You serve me food on a blue plate — it just totally messes up the eating sensation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some people's names aren't very pleasant, either. \"If I don't like somebody's name ... I won't like them very much,\" he explains unabashedly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My name, Audrey, for example, tastes strongly of tinned tomatoes. \"If I actually had to speak with you every day, I'd try and shorten [your name] somehow,\" Wannerton tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though his synesthesia can be quite disruptive at times (\"It's \"absolutely ludicrous,\" he admits), at the end of the day, Wannerton still enjoys it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most synesthetes would agree, including sommelier Jaime Smith. \"My synthie thing is the added bonus for me,\" he says. \"[It's] the joy and sometimes the fun of it all.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Daily Habit Of Green Tea Or Coffee Cuts Stroke Risk",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58477\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 667px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drinkinggreentea.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/drinkinggreentea.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese women drink green tea during an outdoor tea ceremony in Kobe, Japan. Making the brew a daily habit may be protective against stroke. Photo: Buddhika Weerasinghe/Getty Images\" width=\"667\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58477\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese women drink green tea during an outdoor tea ceremony in Kobe, Japan. Making the brew a daily habit may be protective against stroke. Photo: Buddhika Weerasinghe/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/15/174334493/a-daily-habit-of-green-tea-or-coffee-cuts-stroke-risk\">Morning Edition\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/03/20130315_me_19.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Allison Aubrey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/15/174334493/a-daily-habit-of-green-tea-or-coffee-cuts-stroke-risk\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/15/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it's green tea that warms you up, or coffee that gives you that morning lift, a new study finds \u003cem>both\u003c/em> can help cut the risk of suffering a stroke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://stroke.ahajournals.org/\">study\u003c/a>, published in the American Heart Association journal \u003cem>Stroke\u003c/em>, included 82,369 men and women in Japan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers found that the more green tea a person drank, the more it reduced the risk of suffering a stroke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's almost a 20 percent lower risk of stroke in the green tea drinkers\" who drank four cups a day, compared with those who rarely drank green tea, explains Dr. Ralph Sacco of the University of Miami. (He's the past president of the American Heart Association, and we asked him to review the study for us.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with coffee, researchers found just one cup per day was also associated with about a 20 percent decreased risk of stroke during a 13-year follow-up period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was still feeling rather surprised\" about the findings, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.labome.org/expert/japan/national/kokubo/yoshihiro-kokubo-178549.html\">Yoshihiro Kokubo\u003c/a>, the study's lead author, tells The Salt in an email. Kokubo is a researcher at the Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebra and Cardiovascular Center in Osaka, Japan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kokubo says that green tea contains compounds known as catechins, which help regulate blood pressure and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19516176\">help improve blood flow\u003c/a>. The compounds also seem to promote an anti-inflammatory effect. Kokubo says coffee, which contains caffeine and compounds known as quinides, likely influences our health through different mechanisms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the Japanese who seem to benefit from drinking coffee and green tea. Over the past few years, researchers in the U.S. have documented similar reductions in heart disease risk among Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The accumulating evidence from a variety of studies is suggesting that green tea and coffee may be protective,\" says Sacco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, in addition, recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/coffee/\">studies\u003c/a> have linked a regular coffee habit to a range of benefits — from a reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes to a protective effect against Parkinson's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's interesting to note how much the thinking about caffeine and coffee has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, surveys found that many Americans were trying to avoid it; caffeine was thought to be harmful, even at moderate doses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason? \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/meir-stampfer/\">Meir Stampfer\u003c/a> of the Harvard School of Public Health says back then, coffee drinkers also tended to be heavy smokers. And in early studies, it was very tough to disentangle the two habits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it made coffee look bad in terms of health outcomes,\" says Stampfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as newer studies began to separate out the effects of coffee and tea, a new picture emerged suggesting benefits, not risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say there's still a lot to learn here — they haven't nailed down all the mechanisms by which coffee and tea influence our health. Nor have they ruled out that it may be other lifestyle habits among coffee and tea drinkers that's leading to the reduced risk of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And experts say when it comes to preventing strokes and heart attacks, no food or drink is a magic bullet. It's our overall patterns of eating and exercise that are important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a whole lifestyle approach, and we need to remember that,\" says Sacco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you are already in the habit of drinking coffee or green tea, this study is one more bit of evidence that you can go ahead and enjoy it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's almost a 20 percent lower risk of stroke in the green tea drinkers\" who drank four cups a day, compared with those who rarely drank green tea, explains Dr. Ralph Sacco of the University of Miami. (He's the past president of the American Heart Association, and we asked him to review the study for us.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with coffee, researchers found just one cup per day was also associated with about a 20 percent decreased risk of stroke during a 13-year follow-up period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was still feeling rather surprised\" about the findings, Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.labome.org/expert/japan/national/kokubo/yoshihiro-kokubo-178549.html\">Yoshihiro Kokubo\u003c/a>, the study's lead author, tells The Salt in an email. Kokubo is a researcher at the Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebra and Cardiovascular Center in Osaka, Japan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kokubo says that green tea contains compounds known as catechins, which help regulate blood pressure and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19516176\">help improve blood flow\u003c/a>. The compounds also seem to promote an anti-inflammatory effect. Kokubo says coffee, which contains caffeine and compounds known as quinides, likely influences our health through different mechanisms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the Japanese who seem to benefit from drinking coffee and green tea. Over the past few years, researchers in the U.S. have documented similar reductions in heart disease risk among Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The accumulating evidence from a variety of studies is suggesting that green tea and coffee may be protective,\" says Sacco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, in addition, recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/coffee/\">studies\u003c/a> have linked a regular coffee habit to a range of benefits — from a reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes to a protective effect against Parkinson's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's interesting to note how much the thinking about caffeine and coffee has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, surveys found that many Americans were trying to avoid it; caffeine was thought to be harmful, even at moderate doses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason? \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/meir-stampfer/\">Meir Stampfer\u003c/a> of the Harvard School of Public Health says back then, coffee drinkers also tended to be heavy smokers. And in early studies, it was very tough to disentangle the two habits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it made coffee look bad in terms of health outcomes,\" says Stampfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as newer studies began to separate out the effects of coffee and tea, a new picture emerged suggesting benefits, not risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say there's still a lot to learn here — they haven't nailed down all the mechanisms by which coffee and tea influence our health. Nor have they ruled out that it may be other lifestyle habits among coffee and tea drinkers that's leading to the reduced risk of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And experts say when it comes to preventing strokes and heart attacks, no food or drink is a magic bullet. It's our overall patterns of eating and exercise that are important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a whole lifestyle approach, and we need to remember that,\" says Sacco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you are already in the habit of drinking coffee or green tea, this study is one more bit of evidence that you can go ahead and enjoy it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Shanghai's Dead Pigs: Search For Answers Turns Up Denials",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58459\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1120px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pigs.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pigs.jpg\" alt=\"Villagers gather dead pigs in Jiaxing, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, on Wednesday. The number of dead pigs found in Shanghai's main river had doubled in two days to nearly 6,000, the government said. Photo: AFP/AFP/Getty Images\" width=\"1120\" height=\"838\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58459\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Villagers gather dead pigs in Jiaxing, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, on Wednesday. The number of dead pigs found in Shanghai's main river had doubled in two days to nearly 6,000, the government said. Photo: AFP/AFP/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/14/174302750/shanghais-dead-pigs-search-for-answers-turns-up-denials\">All Things Considered\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/03/20130314_atc_14.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/4569077/frank-langfitt\">Frank Langfitt\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/14/174302750/shanghais-dead-pigs-search-for-answers-turns-up-denials\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/14/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a week has passed since thousands of dead pigs were first discovered floating in a river in Shanghai, but authorities have yet to explain fully where the pigs came from or why they died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourteen of the pigs had tags in their ears identifying them as coming from Jiaxing city, in neighboring Zhejiang province. Getting to the bottom of the pig story, though, is tough. A visit to Zhulin village, where most everyone raises pigs, was greeted by serial denials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They say there are more pigs than humans in our village,\" said a man named Ye, whose family raises pigs in a concrete building next to their house. \"Some families have more than 1,000 pigs. But not many pigs died recently, no, really not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ye's father chimed in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here people would be fined if they threw pigs into rivers,\" he said, as a light rain fell over the lush, green barley fields that surround the village of mostly ochre-colored, two-story homes. \"There are government people collecting dead pigs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But earlier this week, a Zhulin village official, Wang Xianjun, told a local newspaper that 18,000 pigs had died here in January and February. A Zhejiang official attributed a spate of pig deaths in the province to cold weather. Also this week, the Shanghai municipal government said \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/13/world/asia/china-dead-pigs-in-river-near-6000.html?_r=0\">nearly 6,000\u003c/a> dead pigs had been pulled from the Huangpu River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When NPR called a village office asking for Wang — the Zhulin official – workers there said he didn't exist. When I traveled two hours from Shanghai to Zhulin and actually went to the local government office, workers there said Wang was away at a meeting and they declined to supply his cellphone number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong's \u003cem>South China Morning Pos\u003c/em>t \u003ca href=\"http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1190127/pig-carcasses-river-result-weather-and-illnesses-not-epidemic-officials\">quoted Zhejiang villagers\u003c/a> saying farmers dumped pigs in the river because there were too many for government disposal areas. In addition, villagers said some farmers may have dumped pigs because of a crackdown on selling diseased pigs for human consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pork is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.earth-policy.org/plan_b_updates/2012/update102\">most popular\u003c/a> meat in China. Half the world's pigs live there, as The Salt has previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/02/11/171690001/pig-manure-reveals-more-reason-to-worry-about-antibiotics\">reported\u003c/a>. China's state media \u003ca href=\"http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2013-03/14/content_16308582.htm\">reported\u003c/a> this week that 46 people have been jailed in Zhejiang for selling diseased pigs. Last year, police in the province confiscated about 11 tons of meat from sick pigs, according to the state-run \u003cem>China Daily\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back downstream in Shanghai, a hyper-modern metropolis of 23 million, some people are confused and incredulous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really hope an inspection body or government can come out to tell us how exactly these pigs died,\" said a woman named Wang, 27, who works in the media business here. \"You can't just say the pigs died of cold weather. That's a pretty laughable statement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanghai officials say one water sample from the river contained porcine circovirus, which cannot be passed on to humans. Government officials also insist the drinking water supply, which draws in part from the river, remains safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang is dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People in Shanghai think it's better not to eat pork, because they worry diseased pigs would end up on their dinner tables,\" says Wang. \"People say the water we use to brush our teeth is pork broth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Frank Langfitt is NPR's Shanghai correspondent.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The discovery of thousands of dead pigs floating in the waters around Shanghai has turned up disturbing reports: of pig dumping and the sale of meat from diseased animals among pig farmers. In the village where some of the pigs came from, we found serial denials.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58459\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1120px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pigs.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/pigs.jpg\" alt=\"Villagers gather dead pigs in Jiaxing, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, on Wednesday. The number of dead pigs found in Shanghai's main river had doubled in two days to nearly 6,000, the government said. Photo: AFP/AFP/Getty Images\" width=\"1120\" height=\"838\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58459\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Villagers gather dead pigs in Jiaxing, in eastern China's Zhejiang province, on Wednesday. The number of dead pigs found in Shanghai's main river had doubled in two days to nearly 6,000, the government said. Photo: AFP/AFP/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/14/174302750/shanghais-dead-pigs-search-for-answers-turns-up-denials\">All Things Considered\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/4569077/frank-langfitt\">Frank Langfitt\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/14/174302750/shanghais-dead-pigs-search-for-answers-turns-up-denials\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/14/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a week has passed since thousands of dead pigs were first discovered floating in a river in Shanghai, but authorities have yet to explain fully where the pigs came from or why they died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourteen of the pigs had tags in their ears identifying them as coming from Jiaxing city, in neighboring Zhejiang province. Getting to the bottom of the pig story, though, is tough. A visit to Zhulin village, where most everyone raises pigs, was greeted by serial denials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They say there are more pigs than humans in our village,\" said a man named Ye, whose family raises pigs in a concrete building next to their house. \"Some families have more than 1,000 pigs. But not many pigs died recently, no, really not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ye's father chimed in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here people would be fined if they threw pigs into rivers,\" he said, as a light rain fell over the lush, green barley fields that surround the village of mostly ochre-colored, two-story homes. \"There are government people collecting dead pigs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But earlier this week, a Zhulin village official, Wang Xianjun, told a local newspaper that 18,000 pigs had died here in January and February. A Zhejiang official attributed a spate of pig deaths in the province to cold weather. Also this week, the Shanghai municipal government said \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/13/world/asia/china-dead-pigs-in-river-near-6000.html?_r=0\">nearly 6,000\u003c/a> dead pigs had been pulled from the Huangpu River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When NPR called a village office asking for Wang — the Zhulin official – workers there said he didn't exist. When I traveled two hours from Shanghai to Zhulin and actually went to the local government office, workers there said Wang was away at a meeting and they declined to supply his cellphone number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong's \u003cem>South China Morning Pos\u003c/em>t \u003ca href=\"http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1190127/pig-carcasses-river-result-weather-and-illnesses-not-epidemic-officials\">quoted Zhejiang villagers\u003c/a> saying farmers dumped pigs in the river because there were too many for government disposal areas. In addition, villagers said some farmers may have dumped pigs because of a crackdown on selling diseased pigs for human consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pork is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.earth-policy.org/plan_b_updates/2012/update102\">most popular\u003c/a> meat in China. Half the world's pigs live there, as The Salt has previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/02/11/171690001/pig-manure-reveals-more-reason-to-worry-about-antibiotics\">reported\u003c/a>. China's state media \u003ca href=\"http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2013-03/14/content_16308582.htm\">reported\u003c/a> this week that 46 people have been jailed in Zhejiang for selling diseased pigs. Last year, police in the province confiscated about 11 tons of meat from sick pigs, according to the state-run \u003cem>China Daily\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back downstream in Shanghai, a hyper-modern metropolis of 23 million, some people are confused and incredulous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really hope an inspection body or government can come out to tell us how exactly these pigs died,\" said a woman named Wang, 27, who works in the media business here. \"You can't just say the pigs died of cold weather. That's a pretty laughable statement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanghai officials say one water sample from the river contained porcine circovirus, which cannot be passed on to humans. Government officials also insist the drinking water supply, which draws in part from the river, remains safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang is dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People in Shanghai think it's better not to eat pork, because they worry diseased pigs would end up on their dinner tables,\" says Wang. \"People say the water we use to brush our teeth is pork broth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Frank Langfitt is NPR's Shanghai correspondent.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Soda Wars Backlash: Mississippi Passes 'Anti-Bloomberg' Bill",
"title": "Soda Wars Backlash: Mississippi Passes 'Anti-Bloomberg' Bill",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58337\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 667px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/mississippi_soda.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/mississippi_soda.jpg\" alt=\"A Coca-Cola mural in Vicksburg, Miss., where the soda was first bottled in 1894. Mississippi's governor is expected to sign a bill that would prevent the regulation of soda portion sizes by counties or towns. Photo: pratt/via Flickr\" width=\"667\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58337\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Coca-Cola mural in Vicksburg, Miss., where the soda was first bottled in 1894. Mississippi's governor is expected to sign a bill that would prevent the regulation of soda portion sizes by counties or towns. Photo: pratt/via Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174048623/mississippi-passes-anti-bloomberg-bill\">Morning Edition:\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/03/20130312_me_15.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Jeffrey Hess, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174048623/mississippi-passes-anti-bloomberg-bill\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/12/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Mike and his public health edicts are having a rough ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a state judge in Manhattan \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174037195/judge-overturns-new-york-city-ban-on-big-sugary-sodas\">struck down\u003c/a> New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg's rule capping soda sizes. And lawmakers in Mississippi are taking the backlash against government regulation on food marketing one step further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2013/pdf/history/SB/SB2687.xml\">bill\u003c/a> now on the governor's desk would bar counties and towns from enacting rules that require calorie counts to be posted, that cap portion sizes, or that keep toys out of kids' meals. \"The Anti-Bloomberg Bill\" garnered wide bipartisan support in both chambers of the legislature in a state where \u003ca href=\"http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/story/2012-08-13/obesity-rates-states/57031440/1\">one in three adults is obese\u003c/a>, the highest rate in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill is expected to be signed by Gov. Phil Bryant, a Republican. It was the subject of intense lobbying by groups including the restaurant association, the small business and beverage group, and the chicken farmers' lobby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Cashion, executive director the Mississippi Hospitality and Restaurant \u003ca href=\"http://www.msra.org\">Association\u003c/a>, says the bill is a direct reaction to Bloomberg-style government intervention in public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you look at how menus have changed, whether it be in fast food or family dining, you are seeing more and more healthy options,\" Cashion says. \"Not because of legislative mandates or regulatory mandates, but because of consumer demand. Our industry has always been one to respond to the marketplace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Gregory Holloway, a Democrat, ushered the popular bill through the state House. He says the goal is to create consistency in nutrition laws across the state. \"We don't want local municipalities experimenting with labeling of foods and any organic agenda. We want that authority to rest with the legislature,\" Holloway says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the measure does have detractors in Mississippi: local politicians who say it steps on an ideal Mississippians hold dear — the ability to govern themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://cityofhernando.org/administrative-services/mayor-of-hernando/\">Chip Johnson\u003c/a>, mayor of Hernando, Miss., near the Tennessee border, is no fan of a soda ban, but he doesn't like the anti-Bloomberg bill, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernando has built biking and walking paths all over town, and has received national attention for the work. Johnson bristles at the legislature's efforts to dictate what he can do in pursuit of a healthier community, including restricting the ability to put nutritional information on menus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know what? If little Alligator, Miss., wanted to do that, that's up to the people that live there. It is not up to the state to tell the people at the local level what to do,\" Johnson says. \"They're just using this to mask what the bill is really about, which is about taking away home rule.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson says he resents that the measure even puts some restrictions on a town's ability to zone where a restaurant can go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the bill passed the state Senate, 50-1, and the state House, 92-26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of a partnership of NPR, Mississippi Public Broadcasting, and Kaiser Health News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58337\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 667px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/mississippi_soda.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/mississippi_soda.jpg\" alt=\"A Coca-Cola mural in Vicksburg, Miss., where the soda was first bottled in 1894. Mississippi's governor is expected to sign a bill that would prevent the regulation of soda portion sizes by counties or towns. Photo: pratt/via Flickr\" width=\"667\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58337\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Coca-Cola mural in Vicksburg, Miss., where the soda was first bottled in 1894. Mississippi's governor is expected to sign a bill that would prevent the regulation of soda portion sizes by counties or towns. Photo: pratt/via Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174048623/mississippi-passes-anti-bloomberg-bill\">Morning Edition:\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by Jeffrey Hess, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/12/174048623/mississippi-passes-anti-bloomberg-bill\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/12/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Mike and his public health edicts are having a rough ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a state judge in Manhattan \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174037195/judge-overturns-new-york-city-ban-on-big-sugary-sodas\">struck down\u003c/a> New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg's rule capping soda sizes. And lawmakers in Mississippi are taking the backlash against government regulation on food marketing one step further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2013/pdf/history/SB/SB2687.xml\">bill\u003c/a> now on the governor's desk would bar counties and towns from enacting rules that require calorie counts to be posted, that cap portion sizes, or that keep toys out of kids' meals. \"The Anti-Bloomberg Bill\" garnered wide bipartisan support in both chambers of the legislature in a state where \u003ca href=\"http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/story/2012-08-13/obesity-rates-states/57031440/1\">one in three adults is obese\u003c/a>, the highest rate in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill is expected to be signed by Gov. Phil Bryant, a Republican. It was the subject of intense lobbying by groups including the restaurant association, the small business and beverage group, and the chicken farmers' lobby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Cashion, executive director the Mississippi Hospitality and Restaurant \u003ca href=\"http://www.msra.org\">Association\u003c/a>, says the bill is a direct reaction to Bloomberg-style government intervention in public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you look at how menus have changed, whether it be in fast food or family dining, you are seeing more and more healthy options,\" Cashion says. \"Not because of legislative mandates or regulatory mandates, but because of consumer demand. Our industry has always been one to respond to the marketplace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Gregory Holloway, a Democrat, ushered the popular bill through the state House. He says the goal is to create consistency in nutrition laws across the state. \"We don't want local municipalities experimenting with labeling of foods and any organic agenda. We want that authority to rest with the legislature,\" Holloway says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the measure does have detractors in Mississippi: local politicians who say it steps on an ideal Mississippians hold dear — the ability to govern themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://cityofhernando.org/administrative-services/mayor-of-hernando/\">Chip Johnson\u003c/a>, mayor of Hernando, Miss., near the Tennessee border, is no fan of a soda ban, but he doesn't like the anti-Bloomberg bill, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernando has built biking and walking paths all over town, and has received national attention for the work. Johnson bristles at the legislature's efforts to dictate what he can do in pursuit of a healthier community, including restricting the ability to put nutritional information on menus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know what? If little Alligator, Miss., wanted to do that, that's up to the people that live there. It is not up to the state to tell the people at the local level what to do,\" Johnson says. \"They're just using this to mask what the bill is really about, which is about taking away home rule.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson says he resents that the measure even puts some restrictions on a town's ability to zone where a restaurant can go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the bill passed the state Senate, 50-1, and the state House, 92-26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of a partnership of NPR, Mississippi Public Broadcasting, and Kaiser Health News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sleep Less, Eat More, Gain Weight",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/sleep-eating.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/sleep-eating-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Less sleep equals less self-control when it comes to eating, a new study finds. Photo: iStockphoto.com\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58330\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Less sleep equals less self-control when it comes to eating, a new study finds. Photo: iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174028830/sleep-less-eat-more-gain-weight\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tired? Surely those cookies will help. And a burger. Chips. And a cupcake. Yeah, soda, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People do eat more when they're short of sleep. And that impulse to snarf when sleepy can cause quick weight gain, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Americans are chronically sleep deprived, it's no wonder that our waistlines have been expanding. One-third of American workers say they're \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/04/27/151516196/how-work-is-messing-up-your-sleep\">sleeping six or fewer hours a night\u003c/a>, compared with the seven to nine hours recommended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the experiment, people who were allowed to sleep just five hours a night ate more than when they got nine hours of shuteye. In five days of shortened sleep, they gained almost 2 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any office worker standing morosely in front of the office vending machine can tell you that they eat more when tired. To find out why, the researchers at the University of Colorado measured people's energy expenditure and food intake in a tightly controlled experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They locked their 16 test subjects, one by one, in a calorimeter room, which measures every bit of energy that a person burns. When the subjects were allowed to sleep just five hours a night, they burned more energy than when they were allowed to sleep for nine hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The amount of energy they burned was equivalent to doing water aerobics for 25 minutes,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.colorado.edu/intphys/faculty/wright.html\">Kenneth Wright\u003c/a>, a physiology researcher at the University of Colorado and a co-author of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/03/06/1216951110.abstract?sid=e86ab771-a07a-4f80-806a-0677fabe9034\">study,\u003c/a> which was published in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burning more calories sure sounds like an upside to sleep deprivation. But here's the downside: Those sleepy subjects also showed less self-control when presented with three abundant meals and snacks daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When well-rested, the women had \"more food restraint,\" Wright says. The men proved less strong-willed. They chowed down, gaining weight even when getting plenty of sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When sleep deprived, the women lost that restraint. Both men and women ate more. They did that while ignoring signals from hormones that typically tell the brain that the stomach is full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wait, there's more bad news! While in the tired phase, the participants skipped breakfast and ate a lot more at night, especially carbs and fats. Of late, more and more evidence has accumulated that \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/01/30/170591028/to-maximize-weight-loss-eat-early-in-the-day-not-late\">eating late in the day\u003c/a> makes weight gain more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies have found that lack of sleep affects the body's response to insulin, increasing the risk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/10/17/163018568/poor-sleep-may-lead-to-too-much-stored-fat-and-disease\">developing diabetes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time you feel drawn inexorably toward the vending machine, tell yourself: You're not weak, just tired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best cure? \"Sleep has to be a priority,\" Wright told Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Less sleep equals more eating, according to a rigorous new study. People who slept just five hours a night burned more energy but also ate more — so much more that they gained almost 2 pounds in less than a week.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/sleep-eating.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/sleep-eating-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Less sleep equals less self-control when it comes to eating, a new study finds. Photo: iStockphoto.com\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58330\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Less sleep equals less self-control when it comes to eating, a new study finds. Photo: iStockphoto.com\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Nancy Shute, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174028830/sleep-less-eat-more-gain-weight\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tired? Surely those cookies will help. And a burger. Chips. And a cupcake. Yeah, soda, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People do eat more when they're short of sleep. And that impulse to snarf when sleepy can cause quick weight gain, according to a new study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Americans are chronically sleep deprived, it's no wonder that our waistlines have been expanding. One-third of American workers say they're \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/04/27/151516196/how-work-is-messing-up-your-sleep\">sleeping six or fewer hours a night\u003c/a>, compared with the seven to nine hours recommended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the experiment, people who were allowed to sleep just five hours a night ate more than when they got nine hours of shuteye. In five days of shortened sleep, they gained almost 2 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any office worker standing morosely in front of the office vending machine can tell you that they eat more when tired. To find out why, the researchers at the University of Colorado measured people's energy expenditure and food intake in a tightly controlled experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They locked their 16 test subjects, one by one, in a calorimeter room, which measures every bit of energy that a person burns. When the subjects were allowed to sleep just five hours a night, they burned more energy than when they were allowed to sleep for nine hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The amount of energy they burned was equivalent to doing water aerobics for 25 minutes,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.colorado.edu/intphys/faculty/wright.html\">Kenneth Wright\u003c/a>, a physiology researcher at the University of Colorado and a co-author of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/03/06/1216951110.abstract?sid=e86ab771-a07a-4f80-806a-0677fabe9034\">study,\u003c/a> which was published in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burning more calories sure sounds like an upside to sleep deprivation. But here's the downside: Those sleepy subjects also showed less self-control when presented with three abundant meals and snacks daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When well-rested, the women had \"more food restraint,\" Wright says. The men proved less strong-willed. They chowed down, gaining weight even when getting plenty of sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When sleep deprived, the women lost that restraint. Both men and women ate more. They did that while ignoring signals from hormones that typically tell the brain that the stomach is full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wait, there's more bad news! While in the tired phase, the participants skipped breakfast and ate a lot more at night, especially carbs and fats. Of late, more and more evidence has accumulated that \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/01/30/170591028/to-maximize-weight-loss-eat-early-in-the-day-not-late\">eating late in the day\u003c/a> makes weight gain more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies have found that lack of sleep affects the body's response to insulin, increasing the risk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/10/17/163018568/poor-sleep-may-lead-to-too-much-stored-fat-and-disease\">developing diabetes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time you feel drawn inexorably toward the vending machine, tell yourself: You're not weak, just tired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best cure? \"Sleep has to be a priority,\" Wright told Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Overturns New York City Ban On Big Sugary Sodas",
"title": "Judge Overturns New York City Ban On Big Sugary Sodas",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/soda.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/soda-1024x767.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58318\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Maria Godoy and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174037195/judge-overturns-new-york-city-ban-on-big-sugary-sodas\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A New York state judge has knocked down New York City's landmark new ban on big, sugary drinks, just one day before it was set to take effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling them \"arbitrary and capricious,\" state Supreme Court Justice Milton Tingling on Monday invalidated regulations that would have banned New York City restaurants, movie theaters and other food service establishments from serving sugary drinks in sizes bigger than 16 ounces. The ban would have covered not just sodas but a wide array of other sugar-sweetened drinks, from smoothies to coffee. (Here's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/media/resources/2013/Mar/11/SugaryDrinks.pdf\">PDF of the ruling\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Michael Bloomberg unveiled the regulations last May, part of an effort to curb runaway obesity rates by encouraging people to drink less sugar-laden beverages. The New York City Board of Health approved the measure last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tingling found that the board of health had overstepped the authority it was granted to fulfill its mission: protecting against and preventing diseases. That authority, the judge said, does not include the power to \"limit or ban a legal item under the guise of 'controlling chronic disease.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, Tingling noted, the regulations wouldn't have applied equally across eating establishments. For example, sugary milk products would have been exempt, as would 7-Eleven and other convenience stores, and supermarkets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those gaps in the law would have seriously limited its effectiveness, says David Just of Cornell University's \u003ca href=\"http://ben.dyson.cornell.edu/\">Center\u003c/a> for Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs. He says the ban would not likely have made much of an impact on overall calorie intake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The overwhelming majority of soda is bought in grocery stores,\" he told The Salt earlier Monday. He says the ban would have targeted the occasional consumer rather than the regular consumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some advocates of tougher policies say the judge's ruling opens the door to new strategies — such as, perhaps, a sugar-sweetened \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/06/146481752/taxes-and-food-stamp-restrictions-proposed-to-tame-americas-sweet-tooth\">beverage tax\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest problem with this measure was that it could have jeopardized the ability to introduce more comprehensive — and potentially more effective — obesity prevention policies,\" \u003ca href=\"http://psychandneuro.duke.edu/people?subpage=profile&Gurl=/aas/pn&Uil=gary\">Gary Bennett\u003c/a>, an expert on obesity, weight loss and physical activity at Duke University, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry groups that sued to have the ban overturned expressed relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court ruling provides a sigh of relief to New Yorkers and thousands of small businesses in New York City that would have been harmed by this arbitrary and unpopular ban,\" a spokesperson for the American Beverage Association tells The Salt in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With this ruling behind us, we look forward to collaborating with city leaders on solutions that will have a meaningful and lasting impact on the people of New York City.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials say they plan to appeal the ruling, as our colleagues at \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/blogs/wnyc-news-blog/2013/mar/11/large-sugary-drink-ban-looms-city-retailers/\">WNYC report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This measure is part of the city's multipronged effort to combat the growing obesity epidemic,\" Michael Cardozo, corporate counsel for the city's law department, said in a statement. \"We believe the Board of Health has the legal authority — and responsibility — to tackle its leading causes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in Mississippi, lawmakers are taking things one step further than Judge Tingling did in New York. A bill on the governor's desk would keep counties and towns from enacting rules governing the size of big sodas and other restrictions on food makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"%20%20http:/billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2013/pdf/history/SB/SB2687.xml\">bill\u003c/a> — nicknamed the \"Anti-Bloomberg Bill\" — is popular with state lawmakers, despite the fact that one out of every three Mississippians is obese.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A state Supreme Court justice said the regulations overstepped the authority granted to the New York City Board of Health. And the judge noted that the regulations wouldn't have applied equally across food retailers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/soda.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/03/soda-1024x767.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" class=\"size-large wp-image-58318\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Maria Godoy and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2100208/allison-aubrey\">Allison Aubrey\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/03/11/174037195/judge-overturns-new-york-city-ban-on-big-sugary-sodas\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/11/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A New York state judge has knocked down New York City's landmark new ban on big, sugary drinks, just one day before it was set to take effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling them \"arbitrary and capricious,\" state Supreme Court Justice Milton Tingling on Monday invalidated regulations that would have banned New York City restaurants, movie theaters and other food service establishments from serving sugary drinks in sizes bigger than 16 ounces. The ban would have covered not just sodas but a wide array of other sugar-sweetened drinks, from smoothies to coffee. (Here's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/media/resources/2013/Mar/11/SugaryDrinks.pdf\">PDF of the ruling\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Michael Bloomberg unveiled the regulations last May, part of an effort to curb runaway obesity rates by encouraging people to drink less sugar-laden beverages. The New York City Board of Health approved the measure last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tingling found that the board of health had overstepped the authority it was granted to fulfill its mission: protecting against and preventing diseases. That authority, the judge said, does not include the power to \"limit or ban a legal item under the guise of 'controlling chronic disease.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, Tingling noted, the regulations wouldn't have applied equally across eating establishments. For example, sugary milk products would have been exempt, as would 7-Eleven and other convenience stores, and supermarkets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those gaps in the law would have seriously limited its effectiveness, says David Just of Cornell University's \u003ca href=\"http://ben.dyson.cornell.edu/\">Center\u003c/a> for Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs. He says the ban would not likely have made much of an impact on overall calorie intake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The overwhelming majority of soda is bought in grocery stores,\" he told The Salt earlier Monday. He says the ban would have targeted the occasional consumer rather than the regular consumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some advocates of tougher policies say the judge's ruling opens the door to new strategies — such as, perhaps, a sugar-sweetened \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/06/146481752/taxes-and-food-stamp-restrictions-proposed-to-tame-americas-sweet-tooth\">beverage tax\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest problem with this measure was that it could have jeopardized the ability to introduce more comprehensive — and potentially more effective — obesity prevention policies,\" \u003ca href=\"http://psychandneuro.duke.edu/people?subpage=profile&Gurl=/aas/pn&Uil=gary\">Gary Bennett\u003c/a>, an expert on obesity, weight loss and physical activity at Duke University, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry groups that sued to have the ban overturned expressed relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court ruling provides a sigh of relief to New Yorkers and thousands of small businesses in New York City that would have been harmed by this arbitrary and unpopular ban,\" a spokesperson for the American Beverage Association tells The Salt in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With this ruling behind us, we look forward to collaborating with city leaders on solutions that will have a meaningful and lasting impact on the people of New York City.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials say they plan to appeal the ruling, as our colleagues at \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/blogs/wnyc-news-blog/2013/mar/11/large-sugary-drink-ban-looms-city-retailers/\">WNYC report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This measure is part of the city's multipronged effort to combat the growing obesity epidemic,\" Michael Cardozo, corporate counsel for the city's law department, said in a statement. \"We believe the Board of Health has the legal authority — and responsibility — to tackle its leading causes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in Mississippi, lawmakers are taking things one step further than Judge Tingling did in New York. A bill on the governor's desk would keep counties and towns from enacting rules governing the size of big sodas and other restrictions on food makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"%20%20http:/billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2013/pdf/history/SB/SB2687.xml\">bill\u003c/a> — nicknamed the \"Anti-Bloomberg Bill\" — is popular with state lawmakers, despite the fact that one out of every three Mississippians is obese.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"perspectives": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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