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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Rachel Dornhelm\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 477px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12805\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/91942032.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"477\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/91942032.jpg 477w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/91942032-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/91942032-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At first glance, you might not think that cuts to public transportation might affect someone's health. But Devilla Ervin understands the impact firsthand. The 23-year-old lives in West Oakland and a few years ago worked the graveyard shift at McDonald’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got off work at 4 a.m. and there was no bus service,\" he describes. \"And so I was walking in my community of West Oakland, with shootings and violence, 45 minutes to an hour to get home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in addition to the threat of violence, Ervin also described a sense of social isolation that he’s felt as a result of recent cuts to bus service in his area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not good for physical and mental health,” he says. “It wasn’t good for my spiritual health too, because I couldn’t get to church. A lot of the bus cuts were around International Boulevard where my church is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Access to public transportation is what policy types call a \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/04/17/smoking-or-schools-which-is-more-important-to-your-health/\" target=\"_blank\">social determinant of health\u003c/a>\" or SDOH. Health is about much more than health care, than simply seeing a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, \u003ca href=\"http://www.acphd.org/media/308930/transithia_es.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in a new study\u003c/a>, the Alameda County Public Health Department documents the link Ervin has experienced between health and access to reliable public transportation.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the report, Getting on Board for Health, health department representatives surveyed transit-dependent riders in Alameda County. The Bay Area as a whole has experienced an 8 percent cut to bus service between 2006 and 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found among the transit dependent riders we surveyed, more than 8 in 10 say they have more difficulty getting to their jobs, social activities, school or doctors office,” says study co-author Rebecca Flournoy. “And we know this is problem from public health\" studies (for example, \u003ca href=\"http://www.apha.org/NR/rdonlyres/43F10382-FB68-4112-8C75-49DCB10F8ECF/0/TransportationBrief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">this one\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flournoy, the deputy director for planning policy and health equity at the Alameda County Public Health Department says the health impacts include cumulative effects of stress and social isolation, as well as missed doctors care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Devilla Ervin is not alone. There are about 2 million Bay Area residents who do not have a car and are transit dependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey included 477 transit-dependent riders in Alameda County. Nearly two-thirds reported longer wait times as a result of service cuts, one-third said they had longer commutes, and about one in ten said they didn’t see friends or family as frequently. About 6 percent -- mostly seniors and people with disabilities -- reported less access to health care appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheela Gunn-Cushman, a member of the Disability Action Network of Hayward, is blind and relies on buses to get around. She says there’s a clear link for her between health and transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the buses don’t run, neither do we. That means we can’t work, play, socialize things like that. And we can’t get jobs and keep jobs and and go to doctors appointments and be human,” says Gunn-Cushman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these residents really build their daily lives around where, when and if public transportation is available,” says study co-author Flournoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other transportation studies have explored public transit health impacts in terms of physical activity, traffic safety, and air quality this is one of the first of its kind to focus on health benefits from improving transportation access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county health agency released the report now in hopes of influencing the draft \u003ca href=\"http://www.mtc.ca.gov/planning/plan_bay_area/\" target=\"_blank\">Plan Bay Area\u003c/a> which will go before the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) for a vote in July. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Access to public transportation is what policy types call a \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/04/17/smoking-or-schools-which-is-more-important-to-your-health/\" target=\"_blank\">social determinant of health\u003c/a>\" or SDOH. Health is about much more than health care, than simply seeing a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, \u003ca href=\"http://www.acphd.org/media/308930/transithia_es.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in a new study\u003c/a>, the Alameda County Public Health Department documents the link Ervin has experienced between health and access to reliable public transportation.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the report, Getting on Board for Health, health department representatives surveyed transit-dependent riders in Alameda County. The Bay Area as a whole has experienced an 8 percent cut to bus service between 2006 and 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found among the transit dependent riders we surveyed, more than 8 in 10 say they have more difficulty getting to their jobs, social activities, school or doctors office,” says study co-author Rebecca Flournoy. “And we know this is problem from public health\" studies (for example, \u003ca href=\"http://www.apha.org/NR/rdonlyres/43F10382-FB68-4112-8C75-49DCB10F8ECF/0/TransportationBrief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">this one\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flournoy, the deputy director for planning policy and health equity at the Alameda County Public Health Department says the health impacts include cumulative effects of stress and social isolation, as well as missed doctors care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Devilla Ervin is not alone. There are about 2 million Bay Area residents who do not have a car and are transit dependent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey included 477 transit-dependent riders in Alameda County. Nearly two-thirds reported longer wait times as a result of service cuts, one-third said they had longer commutes, and about one in ten said they didn’t see friends or family as frequently. About 6 percent -- mostly seniors and people with disabilities -- reported less access to health care appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheela Gunn-Cushman, a member of the Disability Action Network of Hayward, is blind and relies on buses to get around. She says there’s a clear link for her between health and transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the buses don’t run, neither do we. That means we can’t work, play, socialize things like that. And we can’t get jobs and keep jobs and and go to doctors appointments and be human,” says Gunn-Cushman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these residents really build their daily lives around where, when and if public transportation is available,” says study co-author Flournoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other transportation studies have explored public transit health impacts in terms of physical activity, traffic safety, and air quality this is one of the first of its kind to focus on health benefits from improving transportation access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county health agency released the report now in hopes of influencing the draft \u003ca href=\"http://www.mtc.ca.gov/planning/plan_bay_area/\" target=\"_blank\">Plan Bay Area\u003c/a> which will go before the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) for a vote in July. The long-term plan helps determine the allocation of $289 billion in regional transportation spending over the next 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One option for the MTC's plan includes maintaining public transportation funding at current levels. The Alameda report advocates for a different option called the “Equity, Environment and Jobs” alternative. This approach would invest more funding into services, including bus transit around the region.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_9899\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-9899\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/01/brown20130110-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown's revised budget plan is a mixed bag for health advocates and some county officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said the state would take the lead on a key provision of the federal health law -- expanding Medi-Cal to more than one million Californians. Brown scrapped earlier plans to consider a more complicated, county-based system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brown anticipates recouping more than $300 million from the counties next fiscal year -- money that pays for public health programs and care for the uninsured. Brown's rationale? With the full implementation of federal health reform next year, more people will enroll in Medi-Cal and fewer people will show up to county emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrah McDaid Ting with the California State Association of Counties says Brown's proposal makes no sense. She says plenty of people will still rely on county services in 2014.\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are \"people who qualify for Medi-Cal but don't sign up, people who have a hard time signing up or staying on programs, the undocumented in our communities and those who are in between private health plans,” McDaid Ting said. “We need to retain enough funds to serve those people.”\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could be 3 to 4 million Californians who remain uninsured even after federal health reform is fully implemented, according to projections from UC Berkeley and UCLA. Brown and state health officials say they are developing a \"mechanism\" that will determine county savings based on real data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates fanned out across California Tuesday holding five statewide rallies, including one in front of state offices in Oakland, where they called for a rollback of cuts to adult dental care, children's nutrition programs and other social services.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the most important number to remember is that one in four children in California are in poverty now,” Jamila Edwards Harris with the Children's Defense Fund said. “And that number has only risen since budget cuts over the last five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's budget also continues pending cuts to Medi-Cal providers, a plan that has been \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/02/26/obama-administration-files-brief-in-support-of-medi-cal-provider-cuts/\" target=\"_blank\">tied up in federal court\u003c/a> since it passed in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are \"people who qualify for Medi-Cal but don't sign up, people who have a hard time signing up or staying on programs, the undocumented in our communities and those who are in between private health plans,” McDaid Ting said. “We need to retain enough funds to serve those people.”\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could be 3 to 4 million Californians who remain uninsured even after federal health reform is fully implemented, according to projections from UC Berkeley and UCLA. Brown and state health officials say they are developing a \"mechanism\" that will determine county savings based on real data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates fanned out across California Tuesday holding five statewide rallies, including one in front of state offices in Oakland, where they called for a rollback of cuts to adult dental care, children's nutrition programs and other social services.\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the most important number to remember is that one in four children in California are in poverty now,” Jamila Edwards Harris with the Children's Defense Fund said. “And that number has only risen since budget cuts over the last five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's budget also continues pending cuts to Medi-Cal providers, a plan that has been \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/02/26/obama-administration-files-brief-in-support-of-medi-cal-provider-cuts/\" target=\"_blank\">tied up in federal court\u003c/a> since it passed in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Valley Fever Cases Soar in West, Yet 'Off The Radar' of East Coast Policymakers",
"title": "Valley Fever Cases Soar in West, Yet 'Off The Radar' of East Coast Policymakers",
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"content": "\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/rebecca-plevin\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Plevin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/05/13/181880987/cases-of-mysterious-valley-fever-rise-in-american-southwest\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12696\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 462px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12696\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily-.jpg\" alt=\"(Daniel Casarez/Vida en el Valle/Reporting on Health Collaborative)\" width=\"462\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily-.jpg 462w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily--400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily--320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Daniel Casarez/Vida en el Valle/Reporting on Health Collaborative)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When she was just 6, Emily Gorospe became very tired and sick. The spunky girl, now 8, developed a fever that wouldn't go away, and red blotches appeared across her body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She's got so much energy usually,\" says Emily's mother, Valerie Gorospe. \"Just walking from one part of the house ... she was drained.\" The little girl was also very pale. \"She just didn't look like herself,\" Valerie recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emily, who lives in the Central Valley town of Delano, was eventually diagnosed with \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/coccidioidomycosis/\">valley fever\u003c/a>, also known as coccidioidomycosis. She's one of an estimated 150,000 people nationwide who get the fungal disease every year. There is no cure and no vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Valley fever has afflicted about four times more people than West Nile virus, with thousands more going undiagnosed.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Valley fever is well known in the Central Valley and other areas of California and Arizona. Tiny fungal spores live in the soil throughout much of this arid region. When the spores are disturbed, they can be inhaled into the lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.childrenscentralcal.org/OurDoctors/Pages/jmccarty.aspx\">James McCarty\u003c/a>, the medical director of infectious diseases at Children's Hospital Central California, says most people feel nothing, or experience symptoms similar to the flu. Common symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, chest pain, cough and sometimes skin rashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever can be a very serious disease for some people, McCarty says. It can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, like the central nervous system, bones or skin. It can be life-altering or even fatal.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"About five out of 100 patients will develop pneumonia,\" McCarty said. \"Then in about one out of 100 patients, valley fever will spread outside of the lungs and go to other parts of the body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Valley fever cases up nearly 900 percent\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, valley fever numbers have soared so high that some health officials are calling it an epidemic. The disease has become \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=179895982\">a huge problem\u003c/a> in California's prisons. The state is being ordered to move inmates at high-risk of contracting the illness from two prisons where the fungus is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the total number of valley fever cases nationwide \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/03/29/valley-fever-cases-skyrocketing-says-cdc/\" target=\"_blank\">rose by nearly 900 percent\u003c/a> from 1998 to 2011. Researchers don't have a good explanation for the dramatic increase. Even when accounting for growing populations throughout the Southwest, the numbers are still staggering.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's really interesting ... is that the number of cases — the incidence of these cases — increased steadily throughout this time period, and really accelerated over the last few years,\" says Benjamin Park, a medical officer at the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Relatively little is known about valley fever. No one knows how much exposure to the fungus it takes to contract the illness, or why some people die and others never know they have spores in their lungs. It's also unclear why the illness seems to strike African-Americans and Filipinos harder than the rest of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers do know this: People who work outside — like workers in construction and on farms — are at higher risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificcoastvineyards.com/about-us/\">Todd Schaefer\u003c/a>, a winemaker in Paso Robles, was running a bulldozer in his vineyard about 10 years ago. A few days later, he became very sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors said he had an ordinary form of pneumonia, and recommended that he go home and eat chicken soup. It took them a month to realize he had valley fever, and to start him on anti-fungal medication. By that time, the fungal infection had spread to his central nervous system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if they had caught it early, it would not have been allowed to disseminate through my body and set up shop in my brain and spinal cord,\" Schaefer says. \"That's the killer right there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaefer is 48; he'll take anti-fungal medication for the rest of his life. The medication has horrible side effects. One of the worst ones, for a winemaker, is that Schaefer can't drink his own wine while on the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drugs are keeping him alive, he says, but not necessarily healthy. The disease saps his energy and prevents him from working more than four or five hours a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an anti-fungal poison,\" he says. \"It doesn't kill it. It just keeps it down to a low roar.\"\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty says if the disease is caught early, physicians have a better chance of keeping it at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do see patients in whom there's been a delay in diagnosis, and we believe this leads to more complicated and difficult-to-treat disease,\" McCarty says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say most cases are misdiagnosed or missed entirely. That's in part because of a lack of training and attention in the medical community, and because the symptoms are so varied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East-coast bias among researchers, policymakers an issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the problem is a lack of research and attention from policymakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Diseases that receive a lot of national attention tend to be diseases that occur in the East, and where they read about it in the [newspapers],\" says Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.epibiostat.ucsf.edu/epidem/personnel/grutherford2.html\">George Rutherford\u003c/a> of the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \"diseases that don't exist in that belt really fall off the radar screen,\" he says, \"and, unfortunately, valley fever is one of those diseases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diseases that don't have a high profile also struggle for funding. Consider this: In the past 12 years, the National Institutes of Health has granted valley fever just 4 percent of the research funding it has directed toward \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/08/02/157832358/west-nile-virus-makes-a-comeback-this-summer\">West Nile virus\u003c/a>. But valley fever has afflicted about four times more people than West Nile, with thousands more going undiagnosed. Valley fever has killed many more people, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since he contracted valley fever 10 years ago, Schaefer, the Paso Robles winemaker, has continued making award-winning pinot noirs. But even as his boutique winery prospers, his health is faltering. He's losing his memory, and the doctor expects he will suffer strokes and seizures in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This disease is ... not a fairytale,\" he says. \"It's an absolute nightmare.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the search for better treatments and, eventually, a vaccine continues, people throughout the Southwest United States will suffer from valley fever.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "When she was just 6, Emily Gorospe became very tired and sick. The spunky girl, now 8, developed a fever that wouldn't go away, and red blotches appeared across her body.\r\n\r\n\"She's got so much energy usually,\" says Emily's mother, Valerie Gorospe. \"Just walking from one part of the house ... she was drained.\" The little girl was also very pale. \"She just didn't look like herself,\" Valerie recalls.\r\n\r\nEmily, who lives in Delano, in California's Central Valley, was eventually diagnosed withvalley fever, also known as coccidioidomycosis. She's one of an estimated 150,000 people nationwide who get the fungal disease every year. There is no cure and no vaccine.",
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"description": "When she was just 6, Emily Gorospe became very tired and sick. The spunky girl, now 8, developed a fever that wouldn't go away, and red blotches appeared across her body.\r\n\r\n"She's got so much energy usually," says Emily's mother, Valerie Gorospe. "Just walking from one part of the house ... she was drained." The little girl was also very pale. "She just didn't look like herself," Valerie recalls.\r\n\r\nEmily, who lives in Delano, in California's Central Valley, was eventually diagnosed withvalley fever, also known as coccidioidomycosis. She's one of an estimated 150,000 people nationwide who get the fungal disease every year. There is no cure and no vaccine.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/rebecca-plevin\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca Plevin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/05/13/181880987/cases-of-mysterious-valley-fever-rise-in-american-southwest\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12696\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 462px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12696\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily-.jpg\" alt=\"(Daniel Casarez/Vida en el Valle/Reporting on Health Collaborative)\" width=\"462\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily-.jpg 462w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily--400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Emily--320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Daniel Casarez/Vida en el Valle/Reporting on Health Collaborative)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When she was just 6, Emily Gorospe became very tired and sick. The spunky girl, now 8, developed a fever that wouldn't go away, and red blotches appeared across her body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She's got so much energy usually,\" says Emily's mother, Valerie Gorospe. \"Just walking from one part of the house ... she was drained.\" The little girl was also very pale. \"She just didn't look like herself,\" Valerie recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emily, who lives in the Central Valley town of Delano, was eventually diagnosed with \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/coccidioidomycosis/\">valley fever\u003c/a>, also known as coccidioidomycosis. She's one of an estimated 150,000 people nationwide who get the fungal disease every year. There is no cure and no vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Valley fever has afflicted about four times more people than West Nile virus, with thousands more going undiagnosed.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Valley fever is well known in the Central Valley and other areas of California and Arizona. Tiny fungal spores live in the soil throughout much of this arid region. When the spores are disturbed, they can be inhaled into the lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.childrenscentralcal.org/OurDoctors/Pages/jmccarty.aspx\">James McCarty\u003c/a>, the medical director of infectious diseases at Children's Hospital Central California, says most people feel nothing, or experience symptoms similar to the flu. Common symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, chest pain, cough and sometimes skin rashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever can be a very serious disease for some people, McCarty says. It can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, like the central nervous system, bones or skin. It can be life-altering or even fatal.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"About five out of 100 patients will develop pneumonia,\" McCarty said. \"Then in about one out of 100 patients, valley fever will spread outside of the lungs and go to other parts of the body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Valley fever cases up nearly 900 percent\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, valley fever numbers have soared so high that some health officials are calling it an epidemic. The disease has become \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=179895982\">a huge problem\u003c/a> in California's prisons. The state is being ordered to move inmates at high-risk of contracting the illness from two prisons where the fungus is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the total number of valley fever cases nationwide \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/03/29/valley-fever-cases-skyrocketing-says-cdc/\" target=\"_blank\">rose by nearly 900 percent\u003c/a> from 1998 to 2011. Researchers don't have a good explanation for the dramatic increase. Even when accounting for growing populations throughout the Southwest, the numbers are still staggering.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's really interesting ... is that the number of cases — the incidence of these cases — increased steadily throughout this time period, and really accelerated over the last few years,\" says Benjamin Park, a medical officer at the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Relatively little is known about valley fever. No one knows how much exposure to the fungus it takes to contract the illness, or why some people die and others never know they have spores in their lungs. It's also unclear why the illness seems to strike African-Americans and Filipinos harder than the rest of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers do know this: People who work outside — like workers in construction and on farms — are at higher risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificcoastvineyards.com/about-us/\">Todd Schaefer\u003c/a>, a winemaker in Paso Robles, was running a bulldozer in his vineyard about 10 years ago. A few days later, he became very sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors said he had an ordinary form of pneumonia, and recommended that he go home and eat chicken soup. It took them a month to realize he had valley fever, and to start him on anti-fungal medication. By that time, the fungal infection had spread to his central nervous system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if they had caught it early, it would not have been allowed to disseminate through my body and set up shop in my brain and spinal cord,\" Schaefer says. \"That's the killer right there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaefer is 48; he'll take anti-fungal medication for the rest of his life. The medication has horrible side effects. One of the worst ones, for a winemaker, is that Schaefer can't drink his own wine while on the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drugs are keeping him alive, he says, but not necessarily healthy. The disease saps his energy and prevents him from working more than four or five hours a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an anti-fungal poison,\" he says. \"It doesn't kill it. It just keeps it down to a low roar.\"\u003cem>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty says if the disease is caught early, physicians have a better chance of keeping it at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do see patients in whom there's been a delay in diagnosis, and we believe this leads to more complicated and difficult-to-treat disease,\" McCarty says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say most cases are misdiagnosed or missed entirely. That's in part because of a lack of training and attention in the medical community, and because the symptoms are so varied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East-coast bias among researchers, policymakers an issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the problem is a lack of research and attention from policymakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Diseases that receive a lot of national attention tend to be diseases that occur in the East, and where they read about it in the [newspapers],\" says Dr. \u003ca href=\"http://www.epibiostat.ucsf.edu/epidem/personnel/grutherford2.html\">George Rutherford\u003c/a> of the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \"diseases that don't exist in that belt really fall off the radar screen,\" he says, \"and, unfortunately, valley fever is one of those diseases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diseases that don't have a high profile also struggle for funding. Consider this: In the past 12 years, the National Institutes of Health has granted valley fever just 4 percent of the research funding it has directed toward \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/08/02/157832358/west-nile-virus-makes-a-comeback-this-summer\">West Nile virus\u003c/a>. But valley fever has afflicted about four times more people than West Nile, with thousands more going undiagnosed. Valley fever has killed many more people, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since he contracted valley fever 10 years ago, Schaefer, the Paso Robles winemaker, has continued making award-winning pinot noirs. But even as his boutique winery prospers, his health is faltering. He's losing his memory, and the doctor expects he will suffer strokes and seizures in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This disease is ... not a fairytale,\" he says. \"It's an absolute nightmare.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the search for better treatments and, eventually, a vaccine continues, people throughout the Southwest United States will suffer from valley fever.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Open-Campus Policies Eat Away at School Nutrition",
"title": "Open-Campus Policies Eat Away at School Nutrition",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/person/katharine-mieszkowski\" target=\"_blank\">Katharine Mieszkowski\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/reports/open-campus-policy-eats-away-school-nutrition-effort-4475\" target=\"_blank\"> Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12636\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/bongoburger/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12636\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-12636\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/BongoBurger-620x412.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Sowko, a sophomore at Berkeley High School, leaves Bongo Burger after lunching off-campus. School officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch served in the school cafeteria. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley High School students have lunch off-campus at Bongo Burger. School officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch served in the school cafeteria. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At lunchtime, hundreds of Berkeley High School students rush off campus, leaving behind healthy meals served in the cafeteria. Many of them head to Bongo Burger, Top Dog and other joints selling high-fat, high-sugar alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six miles away at Oakland High School, the cafeteria is mobbed. There are not enough seats for everyone, so some students eat lunch outside on picnic tables while others eat in classrooms. No one goes off campus to pick up food from Wingstop or the AMPM convenience store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference? The Oakland High students are no longer allowed to leave campus during lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Berkeley High, where famed chef Alice Waters’ nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"http://edibleschoolyard.org/\">the Edible Schoolyard Project\u003c/a>, has consulted on the menu, school officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Kids could be eating a good meal for free, or they could be running off campus, and in a hurry ... they’re going to buy the Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Coke.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In recent years, lawmakers, regulators and school districts have tried to improve students’ health by curbing the sale of junk food and\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>tightening nutritional standards for school food. But those efforts are undermined when students can leave campus to eat whatever they want, as they can at dozens of Bay Area high schools. Based on the experience in Oakland, closing campuses while offering free lunches can be an effective strategy. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First lady Michelle Obama has made improving what students eat a signature cause. Just this school year, cafeterias nationwide have been implementing new nutritional standards for the lunches they serve. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is working on new regulations for all other foods sold in schools, including from vending machines. But the idea of keeping kids on campus so that they eat healthy lunches is not part of the national debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Unified School District closed the Oakland High campus last fall to cut down on absenteeism after lunch and reduce break-ins, drug use and trespassing in surrounding neighborhoods, said then-Principal Jeffrey Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Last year, 83 percent of the students signed up to receive free or reduced-price lunches. This year, with the help of a federal program, the school began offering free lunches to every student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12625\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/oakfood05_noahberger_cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12625\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12625\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/oakfood05_NoahBerger_CIR-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"Lunchtime at Oakland High School The Oakland Unified School District switched to a closed-campus lunch last fall, and the school now offers free lunches to every student. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lunchtime at Oakland High School The Oakland Unified School District switched to a closed-campus lunch last fall, and the school now offers free lunches to every student. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Why go hungry?” read signs on the cafeteria wall near the lunch lines. “Every wildcat gets free lunch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Offering all students free lunch eliminates the stigma of eating lunch from the cafeteria, since even students from better-off families can now eat there for free. Each free lunch costs taxpayers $3.11, including food and labor, said Jennifer LeBarre, director of nutrition services for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.k12.ca.us/site/default.aspx?PageID=1\">Oakland Unified School District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To accommodate the increased demand, a former teachers lounge now hosts one of several new serving lines where students pick up their lunches. Some meals, such as boxed sandwiches and salads, are served outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of students now take advantage of the school lunches, which include more whole grains, fruits and vegetables under new federal standards, up from 39 percent in fall 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland district has seen similar results at Fremont High School, which closed its campus during lunch three years ago. At Fremont, demand for school lunches rose from 18 percent of students to 37 percent in a year. With the addition of free lunches for everyone this year, a little more than half of Fremont’s students eat the cafeteria meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 1 in 3 high school campuses across the country allow students to leave campus during lunch, \u003ca href=\"http://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/reports/2012/rwjf73231\">according to a report\u003c/a> last year from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The right thing to do from the public health standpoint is to close the campuses,” said Mark Gottlieb, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.phaionline.org/\">Public Health Advocacy Institute\u003c/a>, which published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.phaionline.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/otm_open_campus_lunch.pdf\">2009 research report\u003c/a> on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, about 60 percent of students in all grade levels at schools that participate in the National School Lunch Program eat the meals, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fns.usda.gov/\">USDA's Food and Nutrition Service\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12616\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/berkfood03_schoollunch_noahberger_cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12616\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12616\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/berkfood03_SchoolLunch_NoahBerger_CIR-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Cyrus Stenstedt, second from right, a freshman at Berkeley High School, drinks soda while lunching off-campus at Top Dog near the school. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley High School having lunch at off-campus popular restaurant Top Dog near the school. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stricter nutrition standards for school lunches went into effect nationwide this school year, requiring more fruits, vegetables and whole grains on students’ plates. California has its own restrictions on the calories, fat and sugar in a la carte items for sale in cafeterias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the Oakland High campus has improved some students’ appetite for school food, even if they’d rather be eating somewhere else. On a recent day, Sean Hawkins, a 17-year-old senior, was eating mashed potatoes and chicken from the Oakland High cafeteria, which he pronounced “not bad.\"\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish we had some real pizza that tasted just like Domino’s,” he said. “I eat (cafeteria food) because I’m hungry. I eat it just because I’m here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was loud grumbling from some students when the campus closed during\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>lunch, said Rogers, the former\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>principal. “They love the carrots – not to eat, to throw,” he said. Initially, some kids tried to order in food from off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students say they still miss leaving campus for lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve tried everything that they have here,” said Deon Hardy, 16, a sophomore who was eating apple slices and pepperoni pizza made with low-fat cheese and a whole-grain crust. “I’m tired of eating the same thing every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even on a closed campus, there are other options, including eating nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen students eating home lunches, take out that is brought to them, or not eating,” LeBarre, the Oakland nutrition services director, wrote in an email. “Some even share lunches which is rather strange considering everyone eats for free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lunch period is 40 minutes long, which some students say is too short to wait in line for lunch. The cafeteria sells snack foods, though the treats have less fat and sugar than those sold off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninth-grader Aliya Thongkham,14, was having baked Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Switch sparkling juice for lunch. Aliya, who was painting a friend’s nails pink, said she was too busy to stand in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The line is really long,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In neighboring Berkeley, public school students start learning about nutrition and healthy eating even before they can read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has an extensive cooking and gardening program, which begins in preschool, although much of its funding is now in peril because of a reduction in federal funding. The Edible Schoolyard Project, started by Waters, runs the cooking and organic gardening program at one middle school and has been involved in efforts to improve cafeteria menus districtwide.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School cafeterias in Berkeley boast healthy menus that exceed national and state nutritional requirements. “We have eliminated all processed food, hydrogenated and partially hydrogenated oils, high fructose corn syrup, refined sugars, refined flour, chemicals, dies (sic), additives and nitrates,” the district’s website says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the school district celebrates fresh local food, some of the city’s teenagers are not interested in joining the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two blocks from the high school, Collin Shelby, a 17-year-old junior, was having french fries and a chocolate shake for lunch with a friend at BurgerMeister on a recent school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just want the stuff to taste good,” he said. “We don’t care that much about how healthy it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 927 Berkeley High students signed up to receive free and reduced-price meals; they are eligible because of their families’ low incomes. But on a typical day, 325 kids eat the school lunch, said Marni Posey, director of nutrition services for the Berkeley Unified School District. The school has 3,176 students. School officials say waste is minimized because they can anticipate the number of meals needed, which has varied little over the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It chafes Posey to see students flocking off campus, but she wonders how the high school cafeteria, which is “very small,” could accommodate the demands of a closed campus. “It would also change the whole instructional time,” she said. “We couldn’t serve that many students in one sitting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Café Clem, Berkeley High students line up out the door for grilled cheese sandwiches and Nutella sandwiches. But some students chose the healthier options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ella Holton-McCoy, 15, a sophomore who was buying a green salad with a baguette, said she loves having lunch off campus: “It gives us freedom, and it gives us more choices of things to eat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some educators agree that high school students should be allowed to leave campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In theory, I’m for the open campus in high school,” said Esther Cook, head chef teacher for the \u003ca href=\"http://edibleschoolyard.org/esy-berkeley\">Edible Schoolyard Berkeley\u003c/a>. “It is time for kids to start to learn to navigate and make those choices.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But students without much money have a tough time making healthy choices off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids could be eating a good meal for free,” said Ellen Braff-Guajardo, senior nutrition policy advocate for \u003ca href=\"http://cfpa.net/\">California Food Policy Advocates\u003c/a>. “Or they could be running off campus, and in a hurry, and maybe if they don’t have too much money in their pocket, they’re going to buy the Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Coke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Katharine Mieszkowski's radio story, produced by Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F91447576\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The independent, nonprofit Center for Investigative Reporting is the country’s largest investigative reporting team. For more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiawatch.org\">www.cironline.org\u003c/a>. You can contact the reporter at kmieszkowski@cironline.org. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "At lunchtime, hundreds of Berkeley High School students rush off campus, leaving behind healthy meals served in the cafeteria. Many of them head to Bongo Burger, Top Dog and other joints selling high-fat, high-sugar alternatives.\r\n\r\nSix miles away at Oakland High School, the cafeteria is mobbed. There are not enough seats for everyone, so some students eat lunch outside on picnic tables while others eat in classrooms. No one goes off campus to pick up food from Wingstop or the AMPM convenience store.",
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"description": "At lunchtime, hundreds of Berkeley High School students rush off campus, leaving behind healthy meals served in the cafeteria. Many of them head to Bongo Burger, Top Dog and other joints selling high-fat, high-sugar alternatives.\r\n\r\nSix miles away at Oakland High School, the cafeteria is mobbed. There are not enough seats for everyone, so some students eat lunch outside on picnic tables while others eat in classrooms. No one goes off campus to pick up food from Wingstop or the AMPM convenience store.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/person/katharine-mieszkowski\" target=\"_blank\">Katharine Mieszkowski\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/reports/open-campus-policy-eats-away-school-nutrition-effort-4475\" target=\"_blank\"> Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12636\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/bongoburger/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12636\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-12636\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/BongoBurger-620x412.jpg\" alt=\"Scott Sowko, a sophomore at Berkeley High School, leaves Bongo Burger after lunching off-campus. School officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch served in the school cafeteria. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley High School students have lunch off-campus at Bongo Burger. School officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch served in the school cafeteria. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At lunchtime, hundreds of Berkeley High School students rush off campus, leaving behind healthy meals served in the cafeteria. Many of them head to Bongo Burger, Top Dog and other joints selling high-fat, high-sugar alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six miles away at Oakland High School, the cafeteria is mobbed. There are not enough seats for everyone, so some students eat lunch outside on picnic tables while others eat in classrooms. No one goes off campus to pick up food from Wingstop or the AMPM convenience store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference? The Oakland High students are no longer allowed to leave campus during lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Berkeley High, where famed chef Alice Waters’ nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"http://edibleschoolyard.org/\">the Edible Schoolyard Project\u003c/a>, has consulted on the menu, school officials say one-tenth of the students take advantage of the healthy lunch on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Kids could be eating a good meal for free, or they could be running off campus, and in a hurry ... they’re going to buy the Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Coke.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In recent years, lawmakers, regulators and school districts have tried to improve students’ health by curbing the sale of junk food and\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>tightening nutritional standards for school food. But those efforts are undermined when students can leave campus to eat whatever they want, as they can at dozens of Bay Area high schools. Based on the experience in Oakland, closing campuses while offering free lunches can be an effective strategy. \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First lady Michelle Obama has made improving what students eat a signature cause. Just this school year, cafeterias nationwide have been implementing new nutritional standards for the lunches they serve. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is working on new regulations for all other foods sold in schools, including from vending machines. But the idea of keeping kids on campus so that they eat healthy lunches is not part of the national debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Unified School District closed the Oakland High campus last fall to cut down on absenteeism after lunch and reduce break-ins, drug use and trespassing in surrounding neighborhoods, said then-Principal Jeffrey Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Last year, 83 percent of the students signed up to receive free or reduced-price lunches. This year, with the help of a federal program, the school began offering free lunches to every student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12625\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/oakfood05_noahberger_cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12625\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12625\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/oakfood05_NoahBerger_CIR-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"Lunchtime at Oakland High School The Oakland Unified School District switched to a closed-campus lunch last fall, and the school now offers free lunches to every student. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lunchtime at Oakland High School The Oakland Unified School District switched to a closed-campus lunch last fall, and the school now offers free lunches to every student. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Why go hungry?” read signs on the cafeteria wall near the lunch lines. “Every wildcat gets free lunch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Offering all students free lunch eliminates the stigma of eating lunch from the cafeteria, since even students from better-off families can now eat there for free. Each free lunch costs taxpayers $3.11, including food and labor, said Jennifer LeBarre, director of nutrition services for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.k12.ca.us/site/default.aspx?PageID=1\">Oakland Unified School District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To accommodate the increased demand, a former teachers lounge now hosts one of several new serving lines where students pick up their lunches. Some meals, such as boxed sandwiches and salads, are served outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of students now take advantage of the school lunches, which include more whole grains, fruits and vegetables under new federal standards, up from 39 percent in fall 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland district has seen similar results at Fremont High School, which closed its campus during lunch three years ago. At Fremont, demand for school lunches rose from 18 percent of students to 37 percent in a year. With the addition of free lunches for everyone this year, a little more than half of Fremont’s students eat the cafeteria meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 1 in 3 high school campuses across the country allow students to leave campus during lunch, \u003ca href=\"http://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/reports/2012/rwjf73231\">according to a report\u003c/a> last year from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The right thing to do from the public health standpoint is to close the campuses,” said Mark Gottlieb, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.phaionline.org/\">Public Health Advocacy Institute\u003c/a>, which published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.phaionline.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/otm_open_campus_lunch.pdf\">2009 research report\u003c/a> on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, about 60 percent of students in all grade levels at schools that participate in the National School Lunch Program eat the meals, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fns.usda.gov/\">USDA's Food and Nutrition Service\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12616\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/09/eating-away-at-school-nutrition/berkfood03_schoollunch_noahberger_cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12616\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12616\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/berkfood03_SchoolLunch_NoahBerger_CIR-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Cyrus Stenstedt, second from right, a freshman at Berkeley High School, drinks soda while lunching off-campus at Top Dog near the school. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley High School having lunch at off-campus popular restaurant Top Dog near the school. (Noah Berger/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stricter nutrition standards for school lunches went into effect nationwide this school year, requiring more fruits, vegetables and whole grains on students’ plates. California has its own restrictions on the calories, fat and sugar in a la carte items for sale in cafeterias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the Oakland High campus has improved some students’ appetite for school food, even if they’d rather be eating somewhere else. On a recent day, Sean Hawkins, a 17-year-old senior, was eating mashed potatoes and chicken from the Oakland High cafeteria, which he pronounced “not bad.\"\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish we had some real pizza that tasted just like Domino’s,” he said. “I eat (cafeteria food) because I’m hungry. I eat it just because I’m here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was loud grumbling from some students when the campus closed during\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>lunch, said Rogers, the former\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>principal. “They love the carrots – not to eat, to throw,” he said. Initially, some kids tried to order in food from off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students say they still miss leaving campus for lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve tried everything that they have here,” said Deon Hardy, 16, a sophomore who was eating apple slices and pepperoni pizza made with low-fat cheese and a whole-grain crust. “I’m tired of eating the same thing every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even on a closed campus, there are other options, including eating nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen students eating home lunches, take out that is brought to them, or not eating,” LeBarre, the Oakland nutrition services director, wrote in an email. “Some even share lunches which is rather strange considering everyone eats for free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lunch period is 40 minutes long, which some students say is too short to wait in line for lunch. The cafeteria sells snack foods, though the treats have less fat and sugar than those sold off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninth-grader Aliya Thongkham,14, was having baked Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Switch sparkling juice for lunch. Aliya, who was painting a friend’s nails pink, said she was too busy to stand in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The line is really long,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In neighboring Berkeley, public school students start learning about nutrition and healthy eating even before they can read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has an extensive cooking and gardening program, which begins in preschool, although much of its funding is now in peril because of a reduction in federal funding. The Edible Schoolyard Project, started by Waters, runs the cooking and organic gardening program at one middle school and has been involved in efforts to improve cafeteria menus districtwide.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School cafeterias in Berkeley boast healthy menus that exceed national and state nutritional requirements. “We have eliminated all processed food, hydrogenated and partially hydrogenated oils, high fructose corn syrup, refined sugars, refined flour, chemicals, dies (sic), additives and nitrates,” the district’s website says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the school district celebrates fresh local food, some of the city’s teenagers are not interested in joining the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two blocks from the high school, Collin Shelby, a 17-year-old junior, was having french fries and a chocolate shake for lunch with a friend at BurgerMeister on a recent school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just want the stuff to taste good,” he said. “We don’t care that much about how healthy it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 927 Berkeley High students signed up to receive free and reduced-price meals; they are eligible because of their families’ low incomes. But on a typical day, 325 kids eat the school lunch, said Marni Posey, director of nutrition services for the Berkeley Unified School District. The school has 3,176 students. School officials say waste is minimized because they can anticipate the number of meals needed, which has varied little over the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It chafes Posey to see students flocking off campus, but she wonders how the high school cafeteria, which is “very small,” could accommodate the demands of a closed campus. “It would also change the whole instructional time,” she said. “We couldn’t serve that many students in one sitting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Café Clem, Berkeley High students line up out the door for grilled cheese sandwiches and Nutella sandwiches. But some students chose the healthier options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ella Holton-McCoy, 15, a sophomore who was buying a green salad with a baguette, said she loves having lunch off campus: “It gives us freedom, and it gives us more choices of things to eat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some educators agree that high school students should be allowed to leave campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In theory, I’m for the open campus in high school,” said Esther Cook, head chef teacher for the \u003ca href=\"http://edibleschoolyard.org/esy-berkeley\">Edible Schoolyard Berkeley\u003c/a>. “It is time for kids to start to learn to navigate and make those choices.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But students without much money have a tough time making healthy choices off campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids could be eating a good meal for free,” said Ellen Braff-Guajardo, senior nutrition policy advocate for \u003ca href=\"http://cfpa.net/\">California Food Policy Advocates\u003c/a>. “Or they could be running off campus, and in a hurry, and maybe if they don’t have too much money in their pocket, they’re going to buy the Flamin’ Hot Cheetos and a Coke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Katharine Mieszkowski's radio story, produced by Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F91447576\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The independent, nonprofit Center for Investigative Reporting is the country’s largest investigative reporting team. For more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiawatch.org\">www.cironline.org\u003c/a>. You can contact the reporter at kmieszkowski@cironline.org. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Much Would You Rather Pay For That Procedure? $170,000 or $43,000?",
"title": "How Much Would You Rather Pay For That Procedure? $170,000 or $43,000?",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12602\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 414px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/08/how-much-would-you-rather-pay-for-that-procedure-170000-or-43000/whirlingmoney_getty_thinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12602\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12602\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"414\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-320x320.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 414px) 100vw, 414px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's nearly unbelievable to average consumers, but well known to wonks: health care prices are impossible to come by. Even calling and asking about a specific procedure, as researchers\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/02/11/how-much-for-a-hip-replacement-good-luck-trying-to-find-out/\" target=\"_blank\"> recently reported\u003c/a>, led to an \"I dunno\" from the hospital itself more than half the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, a little bit of light is being shed on this dark area of health care. Wednesday morning, the federal government released a massive amount of data: \u003ca href=\"http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/Medicare-Provider-Charge-Data/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">the prices that hospitals across the country charge\u003c/a> for 100 of the most common inpatient treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skipping over the wonk for now, let's dive in to some numbers right here in the Bay Area. They cast a spotlight on how random and wildly variable health care prices are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I picked one procedure, a hip or knee replacement (\"lower extremity major joint replacement\") without major complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A joint replacement is generally a procedure you would schedule in advance, not a race-to-the-hospital-life-or-death-spare-no-cost situation. You might think the range of prices would be somewhat narrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You would be wrong.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming in at the highest price in the Bay Area was the Regional Medical Center of San Jose, where the charge is just over $170,000. But if you drove across town to the Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, you could save nearly $100,000. Its average price for a hip or knee replacement is just under $75,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're a Kaiser member, you can save even more. Kaiser Antioch charges the least for this procedure in the Bay Area. Its average charge is $43,628.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before we go much further, you should know that what a hospital charges is generally not what it gets paid. The Medicare data also shows its average payment to each hospital for these 100 procedures. For the knee or hip replacement, Medicare paid Bay Area hospitals between $16,000 and $25,000 -- in other words, far less than $170,000 or even $43,628.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, price has nothing to do with actual cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for people with private health insurance. If you have health insurance, your insurance company has probably negotiated a rate with the hospital, so your insurer is likely paying a lower price too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, who gets charged the rack rate? Those with the least ability pay -- people who lack insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the people who are hardest hit,\" says Renee Hsia, an assistant professor at UCSF. \"They really do face these sticker prices, and it's horrifying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hsia says these high hospital prices affect us all, albeit in a roundabout way. They \"come back to us through our premiums,\" she says. For people who have health insurance with a very high deductible -- or must pay a percent of a charge as a co-pay, they too could be hit with a big bill after a procedure. It depends how the contract is written, Hsia says. For these people, shopping around could save a lot of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the roughly half of Californians who get insurance from their employer? They're reliant on their company to negotiate with insurance companies. But this release of data will do little to help employers, argues Bill Kramer with the Pacific Business Group on Health. That's because health plans negotiate prices directly with hospitals and physicians, he says, and that's the price reflected in the premium employers are charged. The prices that are paid to hospitals and physicians are \"what needs to be made transparent,\" Kramer says. \"That information is not currently available and it should be.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12602\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 414px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/08/how-much-would-you-rather-pay-for-that-procedure-170000-or-43000/whirlingmoney_getty_thinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12602\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12602\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"414\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-320x320.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/whirlingMoney_Getty_Thinkstock-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 414px) 100vw, 414px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's nearly unbelievable to average consumers, but well known to wonks: health care prices are impossible to come by. Even calling and asking about a specific procedure, as researchers\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/02/11/how-much-for-a-hip-replacement-good-luck-trying-to-find-out/\" target=\"_blank\"> recently reported\u003c/a>, led to an \"I dunno\" from the hospital itself more than half the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, a little bit of light is being shed on this dark area of health care. Wednesday morning, the federal government released a massive amount of data: \u003ca href=\"http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/Medicare-Provider-Charge-Data/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">the prices that hospitals across the country charge\u003c/a> for 100 of the most common inpatient treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skipping over the wonk for now, let's dive in to some numbers right here in the Bay Area. They cast a spotlight on how random and wildly variable health care prices are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I picked one procedure, a hip or knee replacement (\"lower extremity major joint replacement\") without major complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A joint replacement is generally a procedure you would schedule in advance, not a race-to-the-hospital-life-or-death-spare-no-cost situation. You might think the range of prices would be somewhat narrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You would be wrong.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coming in at the highest price in the Bay Area was the Regional Medical Center of San Jose, where the charge is just over $170,000. But if you drove across town to the Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, you could save nearly $100,000. Its average price for a hip or knee replacement is just under $75,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're a Kaiser member, you can save even more. Kaiser Antioch charges the least for this procedure in the Bay Area. Its average charge is $43,628.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before we go much further, you should know that what a hospital charges is generally not what it gets paid. The Medicare data also shows its average payment to each hospital for these 100 procedures. For the knee or hip replacement, Medicare paid Bay Area hospitals between $16,000 and $25,000 -- in other words, far less than $170,000 or even $43,628.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, price has nothing to do with actual cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for people with private health insurance. If you have health insurance, your insurance company has probably negotiated a rate with the hospital, so your insurer is likely paying a lower price too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, who gets charged the rack rate? Those with the least ability pay -- people who lack insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are the people who are hardest hit,\" says Renee Hsia, an assistant professor at UCSF. \"They really do face these sticker prices, and it's horrifying.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hsia says these high hospital prices affect us all, albeit in a roundabout way. They \"come back to us through our premiums,\" she says. For people who have health insurance with a very high deductible -- or must pay a percent of a charge as a co-pay, they too could be hit with a big bill after a procedure. It depends how the contract is written, Hsia says. For these people, shopping around could save a lot of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the roughly half of Californians who get insurance from their employer? They're reliant on their company to negotiate with insurance companies. But this release of data will do little to help employers, argues Bill Kramer with the Pacific Business Group on Health. That's because health plans negotiate prices directly with hospitals and physicians, he says, and that's the price reflected in the premium employers are charged. The prices that are paid to hospitals and physicians are \"what needs to be made transparent,\" Kramer says. \"That information is not currently available and it should be.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Rarely Mentioned Medical Mistake: Patients Harmed by High Rates of Misdiagnosis",
"title": "Rarely Mentioned Medical Mistake: Patients Harmed by High Rates of Misdiagnosis",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Sandra G. Boodman\u003c/strong>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/Stories/2013/May/07/doctor-errors-misdiagnosis-more-common-than-known-serious-impact.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12578\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 508px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/07/doctors-mistakes-in-diagnosis-rarely-mentioned-harm-patients/mistake_gettyimages_thinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12578\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12578\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"508\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock.jpg 508w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock-400x265.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock-320x212.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Until it happened to him, Dr. Itzhak Brook, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Georgetown University School of Medicine, didn't think much about the problem of misdiagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was before doctors at a Maryland hospital repeatedly told Brook his throat pain was the result of acid reflux, not cancer. The correct diagnosis was made by an astute resident who found the tumor -- the size of a peach pit -- using a simple procedure. The experienced head and neck surgeons who regularly examined Brook had never tried it. Because the cancer had grown undetected for seven months, Brook was forced to undergo surgery to remove his voice box, a procedure that has left him speaking in a whisper. He believes that might not have been necessary had the cancer been found earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I consider myself lucky to be alive,\" said Brook, now 72, of the 2006 ordeal, which he described at a \u003ca href=\"http://www.hopkinscme.edu/CourseDetail.aspx/80028747\">recent international conference\u003c/a> on diagnostic mistakes held in Baltimore. A physician for 40 years, Brook said he was \"really shocked\" by his misdiagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Misdiagnosis “happens all the time ... This is an enormous problem.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But patient safety experts say Brook's experience is far from rare. Diagnoses that are missed, incorrect or delayed are believed to affect \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1362034\">10 to 20 percent\u003c/a> of cases, far exceeding drug errors and surgery on the wrong patient or body part, both of which have received considerably more attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent studies underscore the extent and potential impact of such errors. To cite just two examples:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In \u003ca href=\"http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1108559\" target=\"_blank\">a 2009 report\u003c/a> of nearly 600 diagnostic mistakes, a full 28 percent of them were life-threatening or resulted in either death or permanent disability\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Another \u003ca href=\"http://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/early/2012/07/23/bmjqs-2012-000803.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">analysis last year\u003c/a> found that 40,500 people die annually due to fatal diagnostic errors in U.S. intensive care units. That's roughly equal to the number of deaths each year from breast cancer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Misdiagnosis \"happens all the time,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/experts/profiles/team_member_profile/516F40C024FCA3D4B4B633D0E080FE1B/David_Newman-Toker\">David Newman-Toker\u003c/a>, who studies diagnostic errors and helped organize the recent international conference. \"This is an enormous problem, the hidden part of the iceberg of medical errors that dwarfs\" other kinds of mistakes, said Newman-Toker, an associate professor of neurology and otolaryngology at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Studies repeatedly have found that diagnostic errors, which are more common in primary-care settings, typically result from flawed ways of thinking, sometimes coupled with negligence, and not because a disease is rare or exotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their prevalence and impact, such mistakes have been largely ignored, Newman-Toker and others say. They were mentioned only twice in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.iom.edu/Reports/1999/To-Err-is-Human-Building-A-Safer-Health-System.aspx\">Institute of Medicine's landmark 1999 report\u003c/a> on medical errors, an omission some patient safety experts attribute to difficulties measuring such mistakes, the lack of obvious solutions and generalized resistance to addressing the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need data to start doing anything,\" said internist \u003ca href=\"http://www.rti.org/newsroom/news.cfm?obj=EF576FDC-5056-B100-0C98FF173CFB5D3F\">Mark L. Graber\u003c/a>, founding president of the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine and a leading errors researcher. Despite dozens of quality measures, Graber said, he is unaware of \"a single hospital in this country trying to count diagnostic errors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few years, a confluence of factors has elevated the long-overlooked issue. In his 2007 bestseller, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.jeromegroopman.com/how-doctors-think.html\">How Doctors Think\u003c/a>,\" Boston hematologist-oncologist Jerome Groopman vividly deconstructed the flawed thought processes that underlie many diagnostic errors, including several he made during his long career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, an influential cadre of medical leaders has been pushing for greater attention to the problem. They cite concerns about the growing complexity of medicine and increasing fragmentation of the health-care system, as well as relentless time pressures squeezing doctors and the overuse of expensive, high-tech tests that have supplanted traditional hands-on skills of physical diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Publicity about the death last year of 12-year-old \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/26/nyregion/tale-of-rory-stauntons-death-prompts-new-medical-efforts-nationwide.html\">Rory Staunton\u003c/a>, sent home from an emergency room in New York after doctors missed the raging systemic infection that quickly killed him, have put a human face on the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the reasons it's time to begin looking at it is that so many of the quality measures we use now assume that the diagnosis is the right one in the first place,\" said Christine Cassel, president of the American Board of Internal Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what if it's not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a much-cited essay, Robert Wachter, associate chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of California at San Francisco, wrote that a hospital could earn \"performance incentives for giving all of its patients diagnosed with heart failure, pneumonia and heart attack the correct, evidence-based and prompt care -- even if every one of the diagnoses was wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No obvious fix\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike drug errors and wrong-site surgery -- mistakes that patient safety experts consider to be \"low-hanging fruit\" amenable to solutions such as color-coded labels and preoperative timeouts by the surgical team -- there is no easy or obvious fix for diagnostic errors. Many are complex and multifaceted, and may not be discovered for years if ever, said Graber, a senior fellow at RTI International, a research firm based in Research Triangle Park, N.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is probably nothing more cognitively complicated\" than a diagnosis, he said, \"and the fact that we get it right as often as we do is amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But doctors often don't know when they've gotten it wrong. Some patients affected by misdiagnosis simply find a new doctor. Unless the mistake results in a lawsuit, the original physician is unlikely to learn that he blew it -- particularly if the discovery is delayed. While diagnostic errors are a leading cause of malpractice litigation, the vast majority do not result in legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is another reason such mistakes have been long ignored: They are regarded as an unusually personal failure in a profession where diagnostic acumen is considered the gold standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This really gets to who we are as clinicians,\" said internist Robert Trowbridge, who directs the medicine clerkship program for Tufts University medical students at Maine Medical Center in Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overconfidence in our abilities is a major part of the problem,\" said Graber, who believes doctors have gotten a pass for too long when it comes to diagnostic accuracy. \"Physicians don't know how error-prone they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, he noted, wrongly believe that the problem is \"the other guy\" and that they don't make mistakes. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.quantiamd.com/q-qcp/QuantiaMD_PreventingDiagnosticErrors_Whitepaper_1.pdf\">2011 survey\u003c/a> of more than 6,000 physicians found that 96 percent felt that diagnostic errors are preventable; nearly half said they encountered them at least once a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Maine Medical Center, Trowbridge spearheaded a pilot program launched in 2010 to persuade doctors to anonymously report diagnostic errors, which would then undergo comprehensive analysis. He said he had to \"hound\" his colleagues to report mistakes. During the first six months, 36 errors that would otherwise have gone unreported were identified; most were deemed to have caused moderate to severe harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trowbridge said the program has changed how he practices. \"I'm much more reflective, much more attuned to the errors I'm prone to make. I work with checklists more.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Until it happened to him, Dr. Itzhak Brook, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Georgetown University School of Medicine, didn't think much about the problem of misdiagnosis.\r\n\r\nThat was before doctors at a Maryland hospital repeatedly told Brook his throat pain was the result of acid reflux, not cancer. The correct diagnosis was made by an astute resident who found the tumor -- the size of a peach pit -- using a simple procedure. The experienced head and neck surgeons who regularly examined Brook had never tried it. Because the cancer had grown undetected for seven months, Brook was forced to undergo surgery to remove his voice box, a procedure that has left him speaking in a whisper. He believes that might not have been necessary had the cancer been found earlier.",
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"title": "Rarely Mentioned Medical Mistake: Patients Harmed by High Rates of Misdiagnosis | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Sandra G. Boodman\u003c/strong>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/Stories/2013/May/07/doctor-errors-misdiagnosis-more-common-than-known-serious-impact.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12578\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 508px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/07/doctors-mistakes-in-diagnosis-rarely-mentioned-harm-patients/mistake_gettyimages_thinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12578\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12578\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"508\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock.jpg 508w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock-400x265.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/Mistake_GettyImages_Thinkstock-320x212.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Until it happened to him, Dr. Itzhak Brook, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Georgetown University School of Medicine, didn't think much about the problem of misdiagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was before doctors at a Maryland hospital repeatedly told Brook his throat pain was the result of acid reflux, not cancer. The correct diagnosis was made by an astute resident who found the tumor -- the size of a peach pit -- using a simple procedure. The experienced head and neck surgeons who regularly examined Brook had never tried it. Because the cancer had grown undetected for seven months, Brook was forced to undergo surgery to remove his voice box, a procedure that has left him speaking in a whisper. He believes that might not have been necessary had the cancer been found earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I consider myself lucky to be alive,\" said Brook, now 72, of the 2006 ordeal, which he described at a \u003ca href=\"http://www.hopkinscme.edu/CourseDetail.aspx/80028747\">recent international conference\u003c/a> on diagnostic mistakes held in Baltimore. A physician for 40 years, Brook said he was \"really shocked\" by his misdiagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Misdiagnosis “happens all the time ... This is an enormous problem.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But patient safety experts say Brook's experience is far from rare. Diagnoses that are missed, incorrect or delayed are believed to affect \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1362034\">10 to 20 percent\u003c/a> of cases, far exceeding drug errors and surgery on the wrong patient or body part, both of which have received considerably more attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent studies underscore the extent and potential impact of such errors. To cite just two examples:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In \u003ca href=\"http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1108559\" target=\"_blank\">a 2009 report\u003c/a> of nearly 600 diagnostic mistakes, a full 28 percent of them were life-threatening or resulted in either death or permanent disability\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Another \u003ca href=\"http://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/early/2012/07/23/bmjqs-2012-000803.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">analysis last year\u003c/a> found that 40,500 people die annually due to fatal diagnostic errors in U.S. intensive care units. That's roughly equal to the number of deaths each year from breast cancer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Misdiagnosis \"happens all the time,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/experts/profiles/team_member_profile/516F40C024FCA3D4B4B633D0E080FE1B/David_Newman-Toker\">David Newman-Toker\u003c/a>, who studies diagnostic errors and helped organize the recent international conference. \"This is an enormous problem, the hidden part of the iceberg of medical errors that dwarfs\" other kinds of mistakes, said Newman-Toker, an associate professor of neurology and otolaryngology at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Studies repeatedly have found that diagnostic errors, which are more common in primary-care settings, typically result from flawed ways of thinking, sometimes coupled with negligence, and not because a disease is rare or exotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite their prevalence and impact, such mistakes have been largely ignored, Newman-Toker and others say. They were mentioned only twice in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.iom.edu/Reports/1999/To-Err-is-Human-Building-A-Safer-Health-System.aspx\">Institute of Medicine's landmark 1999 report\u003c/a> on medical errors, an omission some patient safety experts attribute to difficulties measuring such mistakes, the lack of obvious solutions and generalized resistance to addressing the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You need data to start doing anything,\" said internist \u003ca href=\"http://www.rti.org/newsroom/news.cfm?obj=EF576FDC-5056-B100-0C98FF173CFB5D3F\">Mark L. Graber\u003c/a>, founding president of the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine and a leading errors researcher. Despite dozens of quality measures, Graber said, he is unaware of \"a single hospital in this country trying to count diagnostic errors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few years, a confluence of factors has elevated the long-overlooked issue. In his 2007 bestseller, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.jeromegroopman.com/how-doctors-think.html\">How Doctors Think\u003c/a>,\" Boston hematologist-oncologist Jerome Groopman vividly deconstructed the flawed thought processes that underlie many diagnostic errors, including several he made during his long career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, an influential cadre of medical leaders has been pushing for greater attention to the problem. They cite concerns about the growing complexity of medicine and increasing fragmentation of the health-care system, as well as relentless time pressures squeezing doctors and the overuse of expensive, high-tech tests that have supplanted traditional hands-on skills of physical diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Publicity about the death last year of 12-year-old \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/26/nyregion/tale-of-rory-stauntons-death-prompts-new-medical-efforts-nationwide.html\">Rory Staunton\u003c/a>, sent home from an emergency room in New York after doctors missed the raging systemic infection that quickly killed him, have put a human face on the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the reasons it's time to begin looking at it is that so many of the quality measures we use now assume that the diagnosis is the right one in the first place,\" said Christine Cassel, president of the American Board of Internal Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what if it's not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a much-cited essay, Robert Wachter, associate chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of California at San Francisco, wrote that a hospital could earn \"performance incentives for giving all of its patients diagnosed with heart failure, pneumonia and heart attack the correct, evidence-based and prompt care -- even if every one of the diagnoses was wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No obvious fix\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike drug errors and wrong-site surgery -- mistakes that patient safety experts consider to be \"low-hanging fruit\" amenable to solutions such as color-coded labels and preoperative timeouts by the surgical team -- there is no easy or obvious fix for diagnostic errors. Many are complex and multifaceted, and may not be discovered for years if ever, said Graber, a senior fellow at RTI International, a research firm based in Research Triangle Park, N.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is probably nothing more cognitively complicated\" than a diagnosis, he said, \"and the fact that we get it right as often as we do is amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But doctors often don't know when they've gotten it wrong. Some patients affected by misdiagnosis simply find a new doctor. Unless the mistake results in a lawsuit, the original physician is unlikely to learn that he blew it -- particularly if the discovery is delayed. While diagnostic errors are a leading cause of malpractice litigation, the vast majority do not result in legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is another reason such mistakes have been long ignored: They are regarded as an unusually personal failure in a profession where diagnostic acumen is considered the gold standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This really gets to who we are as clinicians,\" said internist Robert Trowbridge, who directs the medicine clerkship program for Tufts University medical students at Maine Medical Center in Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overconfidence in our abilities is a major part of the problem,\" said Graber, who believes doctors have gotten a pass for too long when it comes to diagnostic accuracy. \"Physicians don't know how error-prone they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, he noted, wrongly believe that the problem is \"the other guy\" and that they don't make mistakes. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.quantiamd.com/q-qcp/QuantiaMD_PreventingDiagnosticErrors_Whitepaper_1.pdf\">2011 survey\u003c/a> of more than 6,000 physicians found that 96 percent felt that diagnostic errors are preventable; nearly half said they encountered them at least once a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Maine Medical Center, Trowbridge spearheaded a pilot program launched in 2010 to persuade doctors to anonymously report diagnostic errors, which would then undergo comprehensive analysis. He said he had to \"hound\" his colleagues to report mistakes. During the first six months, 36 errors that would otherwise have gone unreported were identified; most were deemed to have caused moderate to severe harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trowbridge said the program has changed how he practices. \"I'm much more reflective, much more attuned to the errors I'm prone to make. I work with checklists more.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Factors in Play for Legislators Considering Statewide Soda Tax",
"title": "New Factors in Play for Legislators Considering Statewide Soda Tax",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12564\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 524px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/06/new-factors-in-play-for-legislators-considering-statewide-soda-tax/sodacans_gettyimagesthinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12564\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12564\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"524\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock.jpg 524w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock-320x200.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A soda tax failed at the ballot at \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/11/07/110752/richmond_soda_tax_unpalatable_to_voters?category=politics\" target=\"_blank\">two California cities\u003c/a> last November. Before that, a statewide soda tax failed two years ago. But advocates and legislators are trying again. A bill that would require a penny-per-ounce tax on any sugary beverage is back in front of legislators and, so far, has passed out of two Senate committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB622\" target=\"_blank\">The bill\u003c/a> by Sen. Bill Monning (D-Carmel) has two explicit goals: to \"discourage excessive consumption\" by increasing the price of sugary drinks and to create a Children's Health Promotion Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in the midst of a public health crisis fueled by childhood obesity,\" CaliforniaHealthline reports Monning said to the Senate Committee on Health last week. \"This legislation sets an alternative path toward health and wellness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health committee approved the bill. Next stop is the Senate appropriations committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the soda industry is expected to be back in force for this bill, as it was for the other soda-tax efforts, this time there are new forces in play.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/features/2013/statewide-soda-tax-gaining-momentum-in-calif-legislature.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">CaliforniaHealthline\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)wo factors may change the tide: public sentiment appears to be shifting and Democrats have a supermajority in both houses of the California Legislature. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/articles/2013/2/15/poll-most-calif-voters-support-soda-tax-to-boost-students-health.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">A Field poll released in February\u003c/a> showed 68% of California voters would support a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages if the revenue supported school nutrition and physical activity programs. Harold Goldstein, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.publichealthadvocacy.org/\">California Center for Public Health Advocacy\u003c/a>, said sugary drinks are the main culprit in what most health leaders agree is an obesity epidemic among young Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sugary drinks are the largest driver of the obesity crisis,\" Goldstein told legislators last week. \"Almost 40% of California children are overweight, and one-third of all children, including half of Latino and African American children born in 2000, will have diabetes sometime in their lives. SB 622 is a critical step toward solving this crisis by reducing consumption of sugary drinks and paying for programs to address the problems caused by these beverages,\" Goldstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ed Hernandez (D-West Covina) chair of the Senate health committee, said he supports the bill because it will help even the odds that Californians -- especially kids -- might choose less sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're on an unlevel playing field in terms of advertising around these products,\" Hernandez said. \"For families living in food deserts -- low-income minority families -- these drinks become staples. If we raise costs, we know it will achieve the public health goal of reducing consumption,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CaliforniaHealthline reports that estimates of tax revenues range from $1.2 billion to $2.6 billion each year. The money would be allocated to the State Department of Public Health and the Superintendent of Public Instruction for obesity and dental disease prevention programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents worry that prices will rise on all drinks, not just sugar-sweetened ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, from CaliforniaHealthline:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Dramatic increases in prices will be passed on to the consumer, and it won't just be consumers of sugar-sweetened drinks,\" Achermann told the Senate health committee last week. \"We think this will raise prices on all products,\" Achermann said. \"We think it will raise all boats in terms of prices, including diet drinks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Joel Anderson (R-San Diego), vice chair of the Senate health committee, explained his no vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This heavy-handed tax will disproportionally target lower-income working families and create another barrier to growing career opportunities for Californians,\" Anderson said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in other health news from Sacramento, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/capitol-desk/2013/5/vending-machine-bill-presents-choices.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">the legislature is considering a law \u003c/a>to require all vending machines in state buildings to offer only healthy foods. Right now, vending machines must carry 35 percent healthy foods. If this law passes, by 2017, vending machines would no longer carry any junk foods or sugary sodas.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A soda tax failed at the ballot at two California cities last November. Before that, a statewide soda tax failed two years ago. But advocates and legislators are trying again. A bill that would require a penny-per-ounce tax on any sugary beverage is back in front of legislators and, so far, has passed out of two Senate committees.\r\n\r\nThe bill by Sen. Bill Monning (D-Carmel) has two explicit goals: to \"discourage excessive consumption\" by increasing the price of sugary drinks and to create a Children's Health Promotion Fund.",
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"description": "A soda tax failed at the ballot at two California cities last November. Before that, a statewide soda tax failed two years ago. But advocates and legislators are trying again. A bill that would require a penny-per-ounce tax on any sugary beverage is back in front of legislators and, so far, has passed out of two Senate committees.\r\n\r\nThe bill by Sen. Bill Monning (D-Carmel) has two explicit goals: to "discourage excessive consumption" by increasing the price of sugary drinks and to create a Children's Health Promotion Fund.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12564\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 524px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/06/new-factors-in-play-for-legislators-considering-statewide-soda-tax/sodacans_gettyimagesthinkstock/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12564\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12564\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"524\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock.jpg 524w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock-400x250.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/SodaCans_GettyImagesThinkStock-320x200.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A soda tax failed at the ballot at \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/11/07/110752/richmond_soda_tax_unpalatable_to_voters?category=politics\" target=\"_blank\">two California cities\u003c/a> last November. Before that, a statewide soda tax failed two years ago. But advocates and legislators are trying again. A bill that would require a penny-per-ounce tax on any sugary beverage is back in front of legislators and, so far, has passed out of two Senate committees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB622\" target=\"_blank\">The bill\u003c/a> by Sen. Bill Monning (D-Carmel) has two explicit goals: to \"discourage excessive consumption\" by increasing the price of sugary drinks and to create a Children's Health Promotion Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're in the midst of a public health crisis fueled by childhood obesity,\" CaliforniaHealthline reports Monning said to the Senate Committee on Health last week. \"This legislation sets an alternative path toward health and wellness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health committee approved the bill. Next stop is the Senate appropriations committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the soda industry is expected to be back in force for this bill, as it was for the other soda-tax efforts, this time there are new forces in play.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/features/2013/statewide-soda-tax-gaining-momentum-in-calif-legislature.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">CaliforniaHealthline\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(T)wo factors may change the tide: public sentiment appears to be shifting and Democrats have a supermajority in both houses of the California Legislature. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/articles/2013/2/15/poll-most-calif-voters-support-soda-tax-to-boost-students-health.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">A Field poll released in February\u003c/a> showed 68% of California voters would support a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages if the revenue supported school nutrition and physical activity programs. Harold Goldstein, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.publichealthadvocacy.org/\">California Center for Public Health Advocacy\u003c/a>, said sugary drinks are the main culprit in what most health leaders agree is an obesity epidemic among young Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sugary drinks are the largest driver of the obesity crisis,\" Goldstein told legislators last week. \"Almost 40% of California children are overweight, and one-third of all children, including half of Latino and African American children born in 2000, will have diabetes sometime in their lives. SB 622 is a critical step toward solving this crisis by reducing consumption of sugary drinks and paying for programs to address the problems caused by these beverages,\" Goldstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ed Hernandez (D-West Covina) chair of the Senate health committee, said he supports the bill because it will help even the odds that Californians -- especially kids -- might choose less sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're on an unlevel playing field in terms of advertising around these products,\" Hernandez said. \"For families living in food deserts -- low-income minority families -- these drinks become staples. If we raise costs, we know it will achieve the public health goal of reducing consumption,\" Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CaliforniaHealthline reports that estimates of tax revenues range from $1.2 billion to $2.6 billion each year. The money would be allocated to the State Department of Public Health and the Superintendent of Public Instruction for obesity and dental disease prevention programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents worry that prices will rise on all drinks, not just sugar-sweetened ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, from CaliforniaHealthline:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Dramatic increases in prices will be passed on to the consumer, and it won't just be consumers of sugar-sweetened drinks,\" Achermann told the Senate health committee last week. \"We think this will raise prices on all products,\" Achermann said. \"We think it will raise all boats in terms of prices, including diet drinks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Joel Anderson (R-San Diego), vice chair of the Senate health committee, explained his no vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This heavy-handed tax will disproportionally target lower-income working families and create another barrier to growing career opportunities for Californians,\" Anderson said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in other health news from Sacramento, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/capitol-desk/2013/5/vending-machine-bill-presents-choices.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">the legislature is considering a law \u003c/a>to require all vending machines in state buildings to offer only healthy foods. Right now, vending machines must carry 35 percent healthy foods. If this law passes, by 2017, vending machines would no longer carry any junk foods or sugary sodas.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oregonian Describes Life -- and Health -- After Winning Medicaid Lottery",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/03/oregonian-describes-life-and-health-after-winning-medicaid-lottery/welcometooregonsign_fredflickr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12542\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-12542\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/welcometoOregonSign_FredFlickr-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Fred/Flickr)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Fred/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For you wonks out there, Kaiser Health News has a fascinating Friday afternoon read for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a piece titled \"\u003ca href=\"http://capsules.kaiserhealthnews.org/index.php/2013/05/bloggers-see-own-reflections-in-oregon-medicaid-study/\" target=\"_blank\">Bloggers See Own Reflections in Oregon Medicaid Study\u003c/a>,\" reporter Jordan Rau describes how\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/jp/quick-read-medicaid-reduces-financial-hardship-doesnt-quickly-improve-physical-health/\" target=\"_blank\"> this week's news\u003c/a> about Oregon's Medicaid Experiment quickly became \"a Rorschach test for how partisans and health policy wonks view the health care law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">With no money for better food, no money for good shoes to go on walks, no rain gear, no walkman for listening to music as a distraction while walking, change is harder.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To quickly recap, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsa1212321\" target=\"_blank\">New England Journal of Medicine study\u003c/a> researchers analyzed how 10,000 people who won Medicaid coverage have fared since they gained insurance. The highlights were: no apparent affect on physical health; rates of depression 30 percent lower than those without coverage; catastrophic out-of-pocket medical expenses essentially eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his piece, Rau publishes excerpts from seven blogs, each with a different take on the study's highly nuanced results. But he closes with something I hadn't seen elsewhere: a view of the experiment by someone who says he was one of the winners of the Medicaid coverage. Rau found the post on the blog \u003ca href=\"http://rjwaldmann.blogspot.com\" target=\"_blank\">Robert's Stochastic thoughts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the post in its entirety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I am one of the winners in the Oregon lottery [winners could get Medicaid]. Going from no insurance to insurance is very confusing. When you have no money every health question starts with \"would I rather live with this problem and have electricity, or treat this problem and keep my milk in a cooler for a month or so?\" Stepping back into healthcare was like \u003c!--more-->hopping on a merry-go-round. The doctor wanted to do test after test to come up with baselines for me, and I had a hard time showing up at the lab, I hadn't been going to the doctor to find out new things about what was wrong with me. A huge part of living without insurance is not thinking about your high blood pressure damaging your kidneys. It takes a while to change that. It took me 6 months to change my level of co-operation with my doctor, and she said I was faster than many. Most people got into the groove about their 2nd physical. Then we had year-to-year values for blood tests and weight and blood pressure. Those numbers getting better helped. I lost 40 pounds the first year, regained 15, and lost another 10 the next year. Now my doctor wants me to try for another 10 pound loss. I have gone from 3 blood pressure medicines to 1, and that's at a half dose. This whole time my blood pressure stayed the same, but dropping 2 pills and keeping the same score is a health upgrade. My blood sugar is still pre-diabetic, but diabetes is a progressive disease. If you keep your blood sugar at the same level for 2 years, you are making progress with managing diabetes. The study would have found me to make no progress, but my doctor thinks I have improved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>The last point is that diabetes and cholesterol are both food-based diseases. The Oregon Medicaid project enrolled very poor adults, I think the income cutoff was much lower than the SNAP benefit limit. So none of us have access to unlimited fresh fruit and low fat meat. We still eat nothing but carbs for most meals.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>The mental health benefits are enormous. Changing how you eat and exercise is hard for everyone, but most people can throw a bit of money at the problem and grease their way. With no money for better food, no money for good shoes to go on walks, no rain gear, no walkman for listening to music as a distraction while walking, change is harder.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>What I would like to see is a study that shows the changes in these measurements over a 2 year period for people who have insurance. People with insurance for the last 20 years are not always improving their health, either.\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So much in this post touches on the tough policy issues we're facing today: health is about so much more than health care; it's really hard to change habits and even harder if you're poor; how mental health affects health. But that last line is really a zinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "For you wonks out there, Kaiser Health News has a fascinating Friday afternoon read for you.\r\n\r\nIn a piece titled \"Bloggers See Own Reflections in Oregon Medicaid Study,\" reporter Jordan Rau describes how this week's news about Oregon's Medicaid Experiment quickly became \"a Rorschach test for how partisans and health policy wonks view the health care law.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/03/oregonian-describes-life-and-health-after-winning-medicaid-lottery/welcometooregonsign_fredflickr/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12542\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-12542\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/welcometoOregonSign_FredFlickr-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Fred/Flickr)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Fred/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For you wonks out there, Kaiser Health News has a fascinating Friday afternoon read for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a piece titled \"\u003ca href=\"http://capsules.kaiserhealthnews.org/index.php/2013/05/bloggers-see-own-reflections-in-oregon-medicaid-study/\" target=\"_blank\">Bloggers See Own Reflections in Oregon Medicaid Study\u003c/a>,\" reporter Jordan Rau describes how\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/jp/quick-read-medicaid-reduces-financial-hardship-doesnt-quickly-improve-physical-health/\" target=\"_blank\"> this week's news\u003c/a> about Oregon's Medicaid Experiment quickly became \"a Rorschach test for how partisans and health policy wonks view the health care law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">With no money for better food, no money for good shoes to go on walks, no rain gear, no walkman for listening to music as a distraction while walking, change is harder.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To quickly recap, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsa1212321\" target=\"_blank\">New England Journal of Medicine study\u003c/a> researchers analyzed how 10,000 people who won Medicaid coverage have fared since they gained insurance. The highlights were: no apparent affect on physical health; rates of depression 30 percent lower than those without coverage; catastrophic out-of-pocket medical expenses essentially eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his piece, Rau publishes excerpts from seven blogs, each with a different take on the study's highly nuanced results. But he closes with something I hadn't seen elsewhere: a view of the experiment by someone who says he was one of the winners of the Medicaid coverage. Rau found the post on the blog \u003ca href=\"http://rjwaldmann.blogspot.com\" target=\"_blank\">Robert's Stochastic thoughts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the post in its entirety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I am one of the winners in the Oregon lottery [winners could get Medicaid]. Going from no insurance to insurance is very confusing. When you have no money every health question starts with \"would I rather live with this problem and have electricity, or treat this problem and keep my milk in a cooler for a month or so?\" Stepping back into healthcare was like \u003c!--more-->hopping on a merry-go-round. The doctor wanted to do test after test to come up with baselines for me, and I had a hard time showing up at the lab, I hadn't been going to the doctor to find out new things about what was wrong with me. A huge part of living without insurance is not thinking about your high blood pressure damaging your kidneys. It takes a while to change that. It took me 6 months to change my level of co-operation with my doctor, and she said I was faster than many. Most people got into the groove about their 2nd physical. Then we had year-to-year values for blood tests and weight and blood pressure. Those numbers getting better helped. I lost 40 pounds the first year, regained 15, and lost another 10 the next year. Now my doctor wants me to try for another 10 pound loss. I have gone from 3 blood pressure medicines to 1, and that's at a half dose. This whole time my blood pressure stayed the same, but dropping 2 pills and keeping the same score is a health upgrade. My blood sugar is still pre-diabetic, but diabetes is a progressive disease. If you keep your blood sugar at the same level for 2 years, you are making progress with managing diabetes. The study would have found me to make no progress, but my doctor thinks I have improved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>The last point is that diabetes and cholesterol are both food-based diseases. The Oregon Medicaid project enrolled very poor adults, I think the income cutoff was much lower than the SNAP benefit limit. So none of us have access to unlimited fresh fruit and low fat meat. We still eat nothing but carbs for most meals.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>The mental health benefits are enormous. Changing how you eat and exercise is hard for everyone, but most people can throw a bit of money at the problem and grease their way. With no money for better food, no money for good shoes to go on walks, no rain gear, no walkman for listening to music as a distraction while walking, change is harder.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>What I would like to see is a study that shows the changes in these measurements over a 2 year period for people who have insurance. People with insurance for the last 20 years are not always improving their health, either.\u003c/div>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So much in this post touches on the tough policy issues we're facing today: health is about so much more than health care; it's really hard to change habits and even harder if you're poor; how mental health affects health. But that last line is really a zinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "School-Based Health Centers Serve More Than Just Students",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://chrisrichard.org\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>By Chris Richard\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12415\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/29/school-based-health-centers-serve-more-than-just-students/wellnesscenter_chrisrichard/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12415\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12415\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/WellnessCenter_ChrisRichard-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"At the Manual Arts High School Wellness Center in Los Angeles, pediatric nurse practitioner Jennie Lien gives 15-month-old Andrew Baptist a medical examination. Andrew's great-grandmother, Yvonne Lee (right) says Andrew's entire family relies on the center for medical care.(Photo/Chris Richard)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the Manual Arts High School Wellness Center in Los Angeles, pediatric nurse practitioner Jennie Lien gives 15-month-old Andrew Baptist a medical examination. Andrew's great-grandmother, Yvonne Lee (right) says Andrew's entire family relies on the center for medical care.(Photo/Chris Richard)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Compton’s Dominguez High School celebrated the opening of a new campus wellness center last month, it was a timeless moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The marching band blared and thundered. Drill teams members pranced and whirled, just as they’ve been dancing and high-kicking on high school campuses for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the scene in the wellness center itself offered a glimpse of what the future could be for school medical services in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a student in for routine blood work. In the next cubicle, a mother had brought her young son, who had the flu. And neighborhood resident Jonetta Stewart, 76, had come seeking relief from frequent vertigo and headaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physician’s assistant Rachel Damicali checked Stewart’s blood pressure. It was very high.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Some campus-based wellness centers offer free and low-cost services not just to students, but to entire neighborhoods, to people of any age.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dimacali says she sees a lot of variety in her fast-paced days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My last patient was a 4-year-old kid, and now I’m seeing Jonetta for her blood pressure management,” she said. “So, we see a whole range: from chronic disease to urgent care visits to just physical exams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just in time for the implementation of President Obama's health care overhaul coming Jan. 1, a handful of California schools are starting to open campus-based wellness centers like the one at Dominguez, offering free and low-cost services not just to students, but to entire neighborhoods, to people of any age.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's part of the health overhaul's emphasis on development of so-called “medical homes,” in which providers agree to give each patient wide-ranging medical services, with an emphasis on preventive care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is better than a doctor's office\" says Jim Mangia, CEO of St. John's Well Child and Family Center, which runs the Dominguez wellness center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is comprehensive medical, dental health, mental health, enabling services, care coordination, case management, social workers,\" Mangia added. \"So this is a doctor’s office on steroids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District is one leader in embracing school centers. The district will have 14 of them within the year, says Kimberly Uyeda, Los Angeles Unified’s director of student medical services. To determine where to place the centers, district officials used computerized maps to identify “hot spots” for social and health ills including exposure to violence, poverty, obesity and high rates of sexually transmitted disease, Uyeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeda points out that students are often affected not only by the health and wellness of their families, but also by that of the broader community. “So if we don’t either address ... the families and the communities, we’re only going to get so far with students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Money is a big issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board has built the centers from bond funds. But money to keep the clinics operating is harder to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofits that run the wellness centers bill Medi-Cal and other public insurance programs for the services they provide. But startup costs of up to a half-million dollars per clinic can be harder to recover. Health care advocates are lobbying Congress for support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas is a strong backer. As a state senator, he wrote the legislation establishing a state grant program. At the Dominguez High School opening, he vowed continued support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more school-based health clinics that we build, the better this community and this broader area will be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified would like to keep building, too. Someday, the district would like a center on every high school campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Briscoe, director of the Alameda County Health Care Services Agency, said it’s important to proceed carefully. Privacy is a key concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If adolescents think their parents or their friends’ parents are going to be in the waiting room when they come in,\" Briscoe says, \"they’re not going to seek these services that have a huge stigma around them, like mental health, like alcohol and drugs, like reproductive health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protecting the privacy of patients could be as simple as providing separate entrances, waiting and treatment rooms for students and the public, Briscoe said. Alternatively, the centers might only be open to the public after school hours, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If such precautions are followed, Briscoe said he’s very excited about the potential for expanded services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that schools can be a center of community building if you have things that people need there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And comprehensive health services is a really good one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Chris Richard's report:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304290850b.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304290850b.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "When Compton’s Dominguez High School celebrated the opening of a new campus wellness center recently, it was a timeless moment.\r\n\r\nThe marching band blared and thundered. Drill teams members pranced and whirled, just as they’ve been dancing and high-kicking on high school campuses for generations.\r\n\r\nBut the scene in the wellness center itself offered a glimpse of what the future could be for school medical services in California.",
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"description": "When Compton’s Dominguez High School celebrated the opening of a new campus wellness center recently, it was a timeless moment.\r\n\r\nThe marching band blared and thundered. Drill teams members pranced and whirled, just as they’ve been dancing and high-kicking on high school campuses for generations.\r\n\r\nBut the scene in the wellness center itself offered a glimpse of what the future could be for school medical services in California.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://chrisrichard.org\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>By Chris Richard\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12415\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/29/school-based-health-centers-serve-more-than-just-students/wellnesscenter_chrisrichard/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12415\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12415\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/WellnessCenter_ChrisRichard-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"At the Manual Arts High School Wellness Center in Los Angeles, pediatric nurse practitioner Jennie Lien gives 15-month-old Andrew Baptist a medical examination. Andrew's great-grandmother, Yvonne Lee (right) says Andrew's entire family relies on the center for medical care.(Photo/Chris Richard)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the Manual Arts High School Wellness Center in Los Angeles, pediatric nurse practitioner Jennie Lien gives 15-month-old Andrew Baptist a medical examination. Andrew's great-grandmother, Yvonne Lee (right) says Andrew's entire family relies on the center for medical care.(Photo/Chris Richard)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Compton’s Dominguez High School celebrated the opening of a new campus wellness center last month, it was a timeless moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The marching band blared and thundered. Drill teams members pranced and whirled, just as they’ve been dancing and high-kicking on high school campuses for generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the scene in the wellness center itself offered a glimpse of what the future could be for school medical services in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a student in for routine blood work. In the next cubicle, a mother had brought her young son, who had the flu. And neighborhood resident Jonetta Stewart, 76, had come seeking relief from frequent vertigo and headaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physician’s assistant Rachel Damicali checked Stewart’s blood pressure. It was very high.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Some campus-based wellness centers offer free and low-cost services not just to students, but to entire neighborhoods, to people of any age.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dimacali says she sees a lot of variety in her fast-paced days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My last patient was a 4-year-old kid, and now I’m seeing Jonetta for her blood pressure management,” she said. “So, we see a whole range: from chronic disease to urgent care visits to just physical exams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just in time for the implementation of President Obama's health care overhaul coming Jan. 1, a handful of California schools are starting to open campus-based wellness centers like the one at Dominguez, offering free and low-cost services not just to students, but to entire neighborhoods, to people of any age.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's part of the health overhaul's emphasis on development of so-called “medical homes,” in which providers agree to give each patient wide-ranging medical services, with an emphasis on preventive care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is better than a doctor's office\" says Jim Mangia, CEO of St. John's Well Child and Family Center, which runs the Dominguez wellness center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is comprehensive medical, dental health, mental health, enabling services, care coordination, case management, social workers,\" Mangia added. \"So this is a doctor’s office on steroids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District is one leader in embracing school centers. The district will have 14 of them within the year, says Kimberly Uyeda, Los Angeles Unified’s director of student medical services. To determine where to place the centers, district officials used computerized maps to identify “hot spots” for social and health ills including exposure to violence, poverty, obesity and high rates of sexually transmitted disease, Uyeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeda points out that students are often affected not only by the health and wellness of their families, but also by that of the broader community. “So if we don’t either address ... the families and the communities, we’re only going to get so far with students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Money is a big issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school board has built the centers from bond funds. But money to keep the clinics operating is harder to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofits that run the wellness centers bill Medi-Cal and other public insurance programs for the services they provide. But startup costs of up to a half-million dollars per clinic can be harder to recover. Health care advocates are lobbying Congress for support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas is a strong backer. As a state senator, he wrote the legislation establishing a state grant program. At the Dominguez High School opening, he vowed continued support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more school-based health clinics that we build, the better this community and this broader area will be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified would like to keep building, too. Someday, the district would like a center on every high school campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Briscoe, director of the Alameda County Health Care Services Agency, said it’s important to proceed carefully. Privacy is a key concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If adolescents think their parents or their friends’ parents are going to be in the waiting room when they come in,\" Briscoe says, \"they’re not going to seek these services that have a huge stigma around them, like mental health, like alcohol and drugs, like reproductive health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protecting the privacy of patients could be as simple as providing separate entrances, waiting and treatment rooms for students and the public, Briscoe said. Alternatively, the centers might only be open to the public after school hours, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If such precautions are followed, Briscoe said he’s very excited about the potential for expanded services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that schools can be a center of community building if you have things that people need there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And comprehensive health services is a really good one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Chris Richard's report:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304290850b.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304290850b.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Berkeley Journalist Takes On The 'Feel-Good War on Breast Cancer'",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12396\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 236px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/26/berkeley-journalist-takes-on-the-feel-good-war-on-breast-cancer/pink-ribbon-getty-images-copy/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12396\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12396\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/pink-ribbon-Getty-Images-copy-300x381.jpg\" alt=\"The article asks: (Photo/Getty Images)\" width=\"236\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I first saw the article Thursday night on Facebook, then stayed up until midnight reading it. In a helluva story, Peggy Orenstein addresses \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/28/magazine/our-feel-good-war-on-breast-cancer.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">The Feel-Good War on Breast Cancer\u003c/a> in this Sunday's New York Times Magazine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein is uniquely situated to write an article she hopes will \"help change the national conversation.\" She's been treated for breast cancer twice in the last 15 years, including a mastectomy last fall, and the Times Magazine -- for which she writes regularly -- is one of the most powerful publications in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after her doctor sent her for a screening mammography. \"I used to believe a mammogram saved my life,\" she writes as the opening line of her piece. Today, she's not so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she writes in the Times:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Sixteen years later, my thinking has changed. As study after study revealed the limits of screening — and the dangers of overtreatment — a thought niggled at my consciousness. How much had my mammogram really mattered? Would the outcome have been the same \u003c!--more-->had I bumped into the cancer on my own years later? It’s hard to argue with a good result. After all, I am alive and grateful to be here. But I’ve watched friends whose breast cancers were detected “early” die anyway. I’ve sweated out what blessedly turned out to be false alarms with many others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>She goes on to clearly and comprehensively detail the benefits and the harms of mammography, that breast cancer is not one disease, but many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she's thoroughly explained the state of breast cancer screening and treatment, Orenstein travels to Dallas to talk to the Susan G. Komen Foundation about what she calls \"pink ribbon culture.\" She pulls no punches:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The ribbon has come to symbolize both fear of the disease and the hope it can be defeated. It’s a badge of courage for the afflicted, an expression of solidarity by the concerned. It promises continual progress toward a cure through donations, races, volunteerism. It indicates community. And it offers corporations a seemingly fail-safe way to signal good will toward women, even if, in a practice critics call “pinkwashing,” the products they produce are linked to the disease or other threats to public health. Having football teams don rose-colored cleats, for instance, can counteract bad press over how the N.F.L. handles accusations against players of rape or domestic violence. Chevron’s donations to California Komen affiliates may help deflect what Cal OSHA called its “willful violations” of safety that led to a huge refinery fire last year in a Bay Area neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than anything else, though, the ribbon reminds women that every single one of us is vulnerable to breast cancer, and our best protection is annual screening. Despite the fact that Komen trademarked the phrase “for the cure,” only 16 percent of the $472 million raised in 2011, the most recent year for which financial reports are available, went toward research. At $75 million, that’s still enough to give credence to the claim that Komen has been involved in every major breast-cancer breakthrough for the past 29 years. Still, the sum is dwarfed by the $231 million the foundation spent on education and screening.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In what's sure to be a long media blitz, Orenstein was a guest on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201304260900\" target=\"_blank\">KQED's Forum \u003c/a>Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Pink ribbon in general has been specifically promoting awareness, and that generally means mammography,\" Orenstein said. She argued powerfully in her article that death rates for metastatic breast cancer have barely budged. Mammography isn't going to do much for you if you have metastatic breast cancer, she told the Forum audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I caught up with Orenstein after Forum wrapped up. She talked about a \u003ca href=\"http://www.breastcancer.org/about_us/press_room/prevention\" target=\"_blank\">survey from BreastCancer.org\u003c/a> of 2,500 girls 8-18. Nearly 30 percent of those surveyed believe they might have breast cancer right now, despite the fact that breast cancer in girls is exceedingly rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BreastCancer.org argues we need to \"replace fear with facts.\" Orenstein's article takes us a huge step forward. She told me it was the hardest article she's written in her career, but it could end up being the most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Orenstein on Forum\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304260900.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304260900.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "I first saw the article last night on Facebook, then stayed up until midnight reading it. In a helluva story, Peggy Orenstein addresses The Feel-Good War on Breast Cancer in this Sunday's New York Times Magazine.\r\n\r\nOrenstein is uniquely situated to write an article she hopes will \"help change the national conversation.\" She's been treated for breast cancer twice in the last 15 years, including a mastectomy last fall, and the Times Magazine -- for which she writes regularly -- is one of the most powerful publications in the world.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12396\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 236px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/26/berkeley-journalist-takes-on-the-feel-good-war-on-breast-cancer/pink-ribbon-getty-images-copy/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12396\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12396\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/pink-ribbon-Getty-Images-copy-300x381.jpg\" alt=\"The article asks: (Photo/Getty Images)\" width=\"236\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I first saw the article Thursday night on Facebook, then stayed up until midnight reading it. In a helluva story, Peggy Orenstein addresses \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/28/magazine/our-feel-good-war-on-breast-cancer.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">The Feel-Good War on Breast Cancer\u003c/a> in this Sunday's New York Times Magazine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein is uniquely situated to write an article she hopes will \"help change the national conversation.\" She's been treated for breast cancer twice in the last 15 years, including a mastectomy last fall, and the Times Magazine -- for which she writes regularly -- is one of the most powerful publications in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after her doctor sent her for a screening mammography. \"I used to believe a mammogram saved my life,\" she writes as the opening line of her piece. Today, she's not so sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she writes in the Times:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Sixteen years later, my thinking has changed. As study after study revealed the limits of screening — and the dangers of overtreatment — a thought niggled at my consciousness. How much had my mammogram really mattered? Would the outcome have been the same \u003c!--more-->had I bumped into the cancer on my own years later? It’s hard to argue with a good result. After all, I am alive and grateful to be here. But I’ve watched friends whose breast cancers were detected “early” die anyway. I’ve sweated out what blessedly turned out to be false alarms with many others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>She goes on to clearly and comprehensively detail the benefits and the harms of mammography, that breast cancer is not one disease, but many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she's thoroughly explained the state of breast cancer screening and treatment, Orenstein travels to Dallas to talk to the Susan G. Komen Foundation about what she calls \"pink ribbon culture.\" She pulls no punches:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The ribbon has come to symbolize both fear of the disease and the hope it can be defeated. It’s a badge of courage for the afflicted, an expression of solidarity by the concerned. It promises continual progress toward a cure through donations, races, volunteerism. It indicates community. And it offers corporations a seemingly fail-safe way to signal good will toward women, even if, in a practice critics call “pinkwashing,” the products they produce are linked to the disease or other threats to public health. Having football teams don rose-colored cleats, for instance, can counteract bad press over how the N.F.L. handles accusations against players of rape or domestic violence. Chevron’s donations to California Komen affiliates may help deflect what Cal OSHA called its “willful violations” of safety that led to a huge refinery fire last year in a Bay Area neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than anything else, though, the ribbon reminds women that every single one of us is vulnerable to breast cancer, and our best protection is annual screening. Despite the fact that Komen trademarked the phrase “for the cure,” only 16 percent of the $472 million raised in 2011, the most recent year for which financial reports are available, went toward research. At $75 million, that’s still enough to give credence to the claim that Komen has been involved in every major breast-cancer breakthrough for the past 29 years. Still, the sum is dwarfed by the $231 million the foundation spent on education and screening.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In what's sure to be a long media blitz, Orenstein was a guest on \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201304260900\" target=\"_blank\">KQED's Forum \u003c/a>Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Pink ribbon in general has been specifically promoting awareness, and that generally means mammography,\" Orenstein said. She argued powerfully in her article that death rates for metastatic breast cancer have barely budged. Mammography isn't going to do much for you if you have metastatic breast cancer, she told the Forum audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I caught up with Orenstein after Forum wrapped up. She talked about a \u003ca href=\"http://www.breastcancer.org/about_us/press_room/prevention\" target=\"_blank\">survey from BreastCancer.org\u003c/a> of 2,500 girls 8-18. Nearly 30 percent of those surveyed believe they might have breast cancer right now, despite the fact that breast cancer in girls is exceedingly rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BreastCancer.org argues we need to \"replace fear with facts.\" Orenstein's article takes us a huge step forward. She told me it was the hardest article she's written in her career, but it could end up being the most important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Orenstein on Forum\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304260900.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304260900.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Are Minority Kids Being Missed In ADHD Diagnosis?",
"title": "Are Minority Kids Being Missed In ADHD Diagnosis?",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12314\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/24/are-minority-kids-being-missed-in-adhd-diagnosis/200317882-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12314\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12314\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/PuzzlePiece_Getty_Thinkstock-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10405496\" target=\"_blank\">For years\u003c/a>, doctors, teachers and parents have fretted that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overdiagnosed and that children are overprescribed the stimulants that treat the brain disorder too often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as EdSource Today reports, that's not the case in California. According to new data from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.childhealthdata.org/browse/allstates?q=2388\" target=\"_blank\">National Survey of Children's Health\u003c/a>, California ranks 5th lowest in the country in diagnosis. The national average of children with ADHD is 7.9 percent, but in California, the rate is 5.2 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That 5.2 percent rate may be a low one nationally. But globally, rates vary between 3 and 9 percent, \"with the average closer to 5,\" Prof. Joshua Israel told EdSource Today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, within ethnic groups in California, the diagnosis rates drop dramatically. Kaiser researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/686373-adhd-trends-poa120076-282-288.html\" target=\"_blank\">published data\u003c/a> earlier this year which showed white children had a 5.6 percent rate -- well in line with global averages. But other groups had much lower ADHD diagnosis rates as follows:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Black children: 4.1 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Latino children: 2.5 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Asian American children: 1.9 percent\u003c!--more-->\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Which leads us to the question not of overdiagnosis, but underdiagnosis for some groups of children -- and potentially serious consequences, says Prof. Sandra Loo, an ADHD researcher at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From\u003ca href=\"http://www.edsource.org/today/2013/california-ranks-low-in-rates-of-attention-deficit-disorder/30448#.UXgYVZXJDHg\" target=\"_blank\"> EdSource Today\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“There is a common perception that ADHD is not as severe as other disorders, when in fact the long-term outcomes of people with untreated ADHD are really horrible,” [Loo] said, including high rates of dropping out of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, nearly one-third of children with ADHD drop out or delay high school graduation, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20638079\" target=\"_blank\">research\u003c/a> conducted at the UC Davis School of Medicine. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To avoid over- or under-diagnosis of ADHD, the evaluation process is supposed to be thorough. Yet at every step of the way the process can go awry, subject to pressures from schools, doctors and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools are on the front lines of identifying children who may have ADHD, working with their families and doctors and creating educational plans or accommodations if necessary.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But schools do not do a uniform job in identifying children. Ruth Hughes, CEO of the Maryland-based advocacy group \u003ca title=\"CHADD\" href=\"http://www.chadd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\u003c/a>, tells EdSource Today that \"subtle, powerful messages in schools\" can determine whether children with ADHD are diagnosed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The same kid who was never identified as having ADHD in one school system can move to another school system and be identified.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families, too, vary in their willingness to consider that their child might have a brain disorder, and their willingness to discuss the matter with teachers and doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another obstacle is that pediatricians, who make the bulk of diagnoses of childhood ADHD, typically aren’t reimbursed for the time it takes to conduct a rigorous evaluation, making the process “particularly challenging for primary care clinicians,” the American Academy of Pediatrics noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The need for appropriate diagnosis is considerable, researchers said, given risks at both ends of the spectrum: medicating children who don’t have ADHD or under-treating children who suffer from a disorder that may seriously impair their social and educational functioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am a researcher, but I am also a medical doctor, and I see the benefit of a carefully made diagnosis,” said Darios Getahun, lead author of the Kaiser Permanente study. “If you identify a child with ADHD in a timely way, and initiate treatment, the outcome will be better learning and better functioning in social situations.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "For years, doctors, teachers and parents have fretted that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overdiagnosed and that children are overprescribed the stimulants that treat the disorder too often.\r\n\r\nBut, as EdSource Today reports, that's not the case in California. According to new data from the National Survey of Children's Health, California ranks 5th lowest in the country in diagnosis. The national average of children with either ADHD or ADD (attention deficit disorder) is 7.9 percent, but in California, the rate is 5.2 percent.",
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"description": "For years, doctors, teachers and parents have fretted that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overdiagnosed and that children are overprescribed the stimulants that treat the disorder too often.\r\n\r\nBut, as EdSource Today reports, that's not the case in California. According to new data from the National Survey of Children's Health, California ranks 5th lowest in the country in diagnosis. The national average of children with either ADHD or ADD (attention deficit disorder) is 7.9 percent, but in California, the rate is 5.2 percent.",
"title": "Are Minority Kids Being Missed In ADHD Diagnosis? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12314\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/24/are-minority-kids-being-missed-in-adhd-diagnosis/200317882-001/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12314\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12314\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/PuzzlePiece_Getty_Thinkstock-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10405496\" target=\"_blank\">For years\u003c/a>, doctors, teachers and parents have fretted that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overdiagnosed and that children are overprescribed the stimulants that treat the brain disorder too often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as EdSource Today reports, that's not the case in California. According to new data from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.childhealthdata.org/browse/allstates?q=2388\" target=\"_blank\">National Survey of Children's Health\u003c/a>, California ranks 5th lowest in the country in diagnosis. The national average of children with ADHD is 7.9 percent, but in California, the rate is 5.2 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That 5.2 percent rate may be a low one nationally. But globally, rates vary between 3 and 9 percent, \"with the average closer to 5,\" Prof. Joshua Israel told EdSource Today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, within ethnic groups in California, the diagnosis rates drop dramatically. Kaiser researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/686373-adhd-trends-poa120076-282-288.html\" target=\"_blank\">published data\u003c/a> earlier this year which showed white children had a 5.6 percent rate -- well in line with global averages. But other groups had much lower ADHD diagnosis rates as follows:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Black children: 4.1 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Latino children: 2.5 percent\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Asian American children: 1.9 percent\u003c!--more-->\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Which leads us to the question not of overdiagnosis, but underdiagnosis for some groups of children -- and potentially serious consequences, says Prof. Sandra Loo, an ADHD researcher at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From\u003ca href=\"http://www.edsource.org/today/2013/california-ranks-low-in-rates-of-attention-deficit-disorder/30448#.UXgYVZXJDHg\" target=\"_blank\"> EdSource Today\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“There is a common perception that ADHD is not as severe as other disorders, when in fact the long-term outcomes of people with untreated ADHD are really horrible,” [Loo] said, including high rates of dropping out of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, nearly one-third of children with ADHD drop out or delay high school graduation, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20638079\" target=\"_blank\">research\u003c/a> conducted at the UC Davis School of Medicine. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To avoid over- or under-diagnosis of ADHD, the evaluation process is supposed to be thorough. Yet at every step of the way the process can go awry, subject to pressures from schools, doctors and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools are on the front lines of identifying children who may have ADHD, working with their families and doctors and creating educational plans or accommodations if necessary.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But schools do not do a uniform job in identifying children. Ruth Hughes, CEO of the Maryland-based advocacy group \u003ca title=\"CHADD\" href=\"http://www.chadd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\u003c/a>, tells EdSource Today that \"subtle, powerful messages in schools\" can determine whether children with ADHD are diagnosed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The same kid who was never identified as having ADHD in one school system can move to another school system and be identified.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families, too, vary in their willingness to consider that their child might have a brain disorder, and their willingness to discuss the matter with teachers and doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another obstacle is that pediatricians, who make the bulk of diagnoses of childhood ADHD, typically aren’t reimbursed for the time it takes to conduct a rigorous evaluation, making the process “particularly challenging for primary care clinicians,” the American Academy of Pediatrics noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The need for appropriate diagnosis is considerable, researchers said, given risks at both ends of the spectrum: medicating children who don’t have ADHD or under-treating children who suffer from a disorder that may seriously impair their social and educational functioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am a researcher, but I am also a medical doctor, and I see the benefit of a carefully made diagnosis,” said Darios Getahun, lead author of the Kaiser Permanente study. “If you identify a child with ADHD in a timely way, and initiate treatment, the outcome will be better learning and better functioning in social situations.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Cal Enviroscreen' Ranks Zip Codes Statewide By Pollution",
"title": "'Cal Enviroscreen' Ranks Zip Codes Statewide By Pollution",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Screening Tool Provides Broad Snapshot of Total Environmental Burden\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12264\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/23/worried-about-pollution-where-you-live-check-how-your-zip-code-ranks/west-fresno-factories/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12264\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12264\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/west-fresno-factories-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Factory in West Fresno. (Sasha Khokha/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A factory in West Fresno. (Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's the first environmental health screening tool of its kind in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Environmental Protection Agency is rolling out \"Cal Enviroscreen\" which helps pinpoint communities that may be particularly vulnerable to pollution. And it's not just for wonks. You can look up your own community. Cal Enviroscreen measures a broad range of pollutants and health indicators in every zip code across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most vulnerable community in the state? West Fresno, one of Fresno's poorest areas. Other zip codes in the top ten include Bakersfield, Stockton and the Los Angeles-area communities of Vernon, Baldwin Park, and Boyle Heights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/ces042313.html\" target=\"_blank\">Look up your community's score by zip code\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Toxicologist Dr. George Alexeeff heads the state’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. He says California regulators have done a pretty good job of targeting individual pollution problems, like reducing diesel exhaust, or eliminating particular chemicals in drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that kind of regulation doesn’t give a broad snapshot of the total environmental burden some communities face.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This tool was to try and look at [a] community as a whole rather than a specific site or chemical,” says Alexeeff. “What about those areas that seem to be suffering from multiple sources of pollution?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Enviroscreen measures things like traffic, hazardous waste facilities, and pesticides. Top-scoring communities generally have high rates of air pollution and multiple toxic cleanup sites. The tool also measures population and health indicators, like poverty, low birth weight, and asthma rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alexeeff is careful to say while the tool gauges health indicators, it doesn’t imply a causal link.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re using something like asthma or birth weight in this analysis, not to say the pollution is causing the asthma or the low birth weight,” he says. “Instead, what we’re saying is the community has people with asthma or seems to have a higher rate of low birth weight, and those individuals are more sensitive to pollution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Life in West Fresno: New Park Built on Superfund Cleanup Site\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, it's no wonder that West Fresno scored highest in the state on the index: the area is a perfect storm of pollution and poor health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City leaders recently opened a new sports complex there, billing it a “baseball, softball, and soccer dreamland.” It also features a skateboard park, paintball, and a fishing pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching kids play, you might not realize the park is also built on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490097\" target=\"_blank\">superfund cleanup site\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490097\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This location was formerly a dump. This is what we have as a park in West Fresno,” says community activist Bob Mitchell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park sits adjacent to a former landfill that was actually \u003ca href=\"http://articles.philly.com/2001-08-29/news/25299445_1_fresno-municipal-sanitary-landfill-fresno-site-martin-melosi\" target=\"_blank\">once honored \u003c/a>on the national register of historic places. \u003ca href=\"http://articles.philly.com/2001-08-29/news/25299445_1_fresno-municipal-sanitary-landfill-fresno-site-martin-melosi\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was closed after regulators figured out it was leaking dangerous pollutants into the air and water. Even though the site has been cleaned up, the city still burns off methane from the landfill and monitors the groundwater for chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re glad the dump is gone,” says Mitchell. “But we don’t know what the pollutants are under here. And how they may impact a child who runs and rolls around in the grass.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell’s a retired police officer. These days he’s active with Concerned Citizens of West Fresno, which has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201207310850/b\" target=\"_blank\">fighting odors\u003c/a> from a meat-rendering plant down the street from this park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you were to stand up on the grassy mound covering the landfill, you’d likely see \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490090\" target=\"_blank\">an abandoned junk yard\u003c/a> where the state found heavy metals and PCBs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d catch a glimpse of meat-processing plants, factories, and miles of orchards and vineyards, where farmers spray pesticides and the 99 freeway, pulsing with diesel trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Fresno has some of the highest rates of asthma in the state. And a\u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostate.edu/chhs/cvhpi/documents/40123_JCPES_English_CX_2_23_12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> recent study\u003c/a> estimates that life expectancy here is about 20 years less than people living just across town in North Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is simply ridiculous,” says Mitchell. “And that is the direct result of the cumulative effect of what has been put into our community.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad for Business?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/cipa021913.html\" target=\"_blank\">industry has been concerned\u003c/a> Cal Enviroscreen will create more regulations, Alexeef says that’s not the goal. He says the tool is designed to help target resources. Under SB 535 25 percent of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/auctionproceeds/DraftCapandTradeInvestmentPlan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">funds raised from cap-and-trade auctions \u003c/a>under California’s greenhouse gas laws, for example, are supposed to benefit disadvantaged communities –- and this tool can help pinpoint those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some local leaders from LA and the Central Valley are worried the data gives too much weight to pesticides and diesel pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you were just to look at the map, you’d think we’d have our mouths attached to the tailpipes along the [Highway] 99 corridor,” says Vito Chiesa, Chair of the Stanislaus County board of Supervisors. At first, he thought the Cal Enviroscreen tool was a good idea. After all, his constituents are always complaining the state doesn’t pay enough attention to their region’s problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, he started to worry it could backfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This would be like hanging a sign at the county or the city limits saying, hey, don’t even think about doing business here,” says Chiesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental Justice groups applaud the tool, saying it will bring needed funds to low-income communities. But they also have concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Zip codes are a very large geographic unit,” says Amy Vanderwarker, who chairs the statewide California Environmental Justice Alliance, based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within one zip code, you can have communities that are right next to refineries or power plants, and then you can have well-off communities that have good environmental conditions in their area,” Vanderwarker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and health activists are also worried Cal Enviroscreen also doesn’t take into account drinking water contamination. And it may not detect asthma rates in remote rural communities, since it measures asthma through emergency room visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal EPA officials received \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/pdf/011113CIPAWorkGroupMeetSum.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">more than a thousand comments\u003c/a> [PDF] on drafts of the tool. And they say they plan to release a version using smaller geographic units, like census tracts, later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in West Fresno, young pregnant moms recovering from drug and alcohol addiction are listening to a health educator give them tips on taking care of themselves. The Cal Enviroscreen tool shows that this community scores among the highest in the state when it comes to low birth weight-babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class is sponsored by the West Fresno Family Resource Center. Director Yolanda Randles says she’s not surprised by the grim data. But she wants to see more resources headed to her community, now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re saying in West Fresno, it’s like the worst place to live, but you’re not putting [in] any funds to help change that direction for the residents here,” says Randles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear just how soon Cal Enviroscreen will translate into dollars for high-scoring communities. The California Air Resources Board will consider the tool at \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/nonreg/2013/ghgreductfund13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a meeting later this week\u003c/a>, a first step in figuring out how to allocate cap and trade money to disadvantaged communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Sasha Khokha's Story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\">\u003cparam name=\"movie\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304230850a.xml\">\u003cembed src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" width=\"335\" height=\"85\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201304230850a.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s Environmental Protection Agency is rolling out a new tool to help pinpoint communities that may be particularly vulnerable to pollution. It’s the first environmental index of its kind in the nation, measuring a broad range of pollutants and health indicators in every zip code across the state.\r\n\r\nThe highest scoring community is West Fresno, one of the city’s poorest areas. City leaders recently opened a new sports complex there, billing it a “baseball, softball, and soccer dreamland.” It also features a skateboard park, paintball, and a fishing pond.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Screening Tool Provides Broad Snapshot of Total Environmental Burden\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12264\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/04/23/worried-about-pollution-where-you-live-check-how-your-zip-code-ranks/west-fresno-factories/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-12264\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12264\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/04/west-fresno-factories-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Factory in West Fresno. (Sasha Khokha/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A factory in West Fresno. (Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's the first environmental health screening tool of its kind in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Environmental Protection Agency is rolling out \"Cal Enviroscreen\" which helps pinpoint communities that may be particularly vulnerable to pollution. And it's not just for wonks. You can look up your own community. Cal Enviroscreen measures a broad range of pollutants and health indicators in every zip code across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most vulnerable community in the state? West Fresno, one of Fresno's poorest areas. Other zip codes in the top ten include Bakersfield, Stockton and the Los Angeles-area communities of Vernon, Baldwin Park, and Boyle Heights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/ces042313.html\" target=\"_blank\">Look up your community's score by zip code\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Toxicologist Dr. George Alexeeff heads the state’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. He says California regulators have done a pretty good job of targeting individual pollution problems, like reducing diesel exhaust, or eliminating particular chemicals in drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that kind of regulation doesn’t give a broad snapshot of the total environmental burden some communities face.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This tool was to try and look at [a] community as a whole rather than a specific site or chemical,” says Alexeeff. “What about those areas that seem to be suffering from multiple sources of pollution?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Enviroscreen measures things like traffic, hazardous waste facilities, and pesticides. Top-scoring communities generally have high rates of air pollution and multiple toxic cleanup sites. The tool also measures population and health indicators, like poverty, low birth weight, and asthma rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alexeeff is careful to say while the tool gauges health indicators, it doesn’t imply a causal link.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re using something like asthma or birth weight in this analysis, not to say the pollution is causing the asthma or the low birth weight,” he says. “Instead, what we’re saying is the community has people with asthma or seems to have a higher rate of low birth weight, and those individuals are more sensitive to pollution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Life in West Fresno: New Park Built on Superfund Cleanup Site\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, it's no wonder that West Fresno scored highest in the state on the index: the area is a perfect storm of pollution and poor health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City leaders recently opened a new sports complex there, billing it a “baseball, softball, and soccer dreamland.” It also features a skateboard park, paintball, and a fishing pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching kids play, you might not realize the park is also built on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490097\" target=\"_blank\">superfund cleanup site\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490097\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This location was formerly a dump. This is what we have as a park in West Fresno,” says community activist Bob Mitchell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park sits adjacent to a former landfill that was actually \u003ca href=\"http://articles.philly.com/2001-08-29/news/25299445_1_fresno-municipal-sanitary-landfill-fresno-site-martin-melosi\" target=\"_blank\">once honored \u003c/a>on the national register of historic places. \u003ca href=\"http://articles.philly.com/2001-08-29/news/25299445_1_fresno-municipal-sanitary-landfill-fresno-site-martin-melosi\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was closed after regulators figured out it was leaking dangerous pollutants into the air and water. Even though the site has been cleaned up, the city still burns off methane from the landfill and monitors the groundwater for chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re glad the dump is gone,” says Mitchell. “But we don’t know what the pollutants are under here. And how they may impact a child who runs and rolls around in the grass.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell’s a retired police officer. These days he’s active with Concerned Citizens of West Fresno, which has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201207310850/b\" target=\"_blank\">fighting odors\u003c/a> from a meat-rendering plant down the street from this park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you were to stand up on the grassy mound covering the landfill, you’d likely see \u003ca href=\"http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=10490090\" target=\"_blank\">an abandoned junk yard\u003c/a> where the state found heavy metals and PCBs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d catch a glimpse of meat-processing plants, factories, and miles of orchards and vineyards, where farmers spray pesticides and the 99 freeway, pulsing with diesel trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West Fresno has some of the highest rates of asthma in the state. And a\u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostate.edu/chhs/cvhpi/documents/40123_JCPES_English_CX_2_23_12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> recent study\u003c/a> estimates that life expectancy here is about 20 years less than people living just across town in North Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is simply ridiculous,” says Mitchell. “And that is the direct result of the cumulative effect of what has been put into our community.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad for Business?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/cipa021913.html\" target=\"_blank\">industry has been concerned\u003c/a> Cal Enviroscreen will create more regulations, Alexeef says that’s not the goal. He says the tool is designed to help target resources. Under SB 535 25 percent of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/auctionproceeds/DraftCapandTradeInvestmentPlan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">funds raised from cap-and-trade auctions \u003c/a>under California’s greenhouse gas laws, for example, are supposed to benefit disadvantaged communities –- and this tool can help pinpoint those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some local leaders from LA and the Central Valley are worried the data gives too much weight to pesticides and diesel pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you were just to look at the map, you’d think we’d have our mouths attached to the tailpipes along the [Highway] 99 corridor,” says Vito Chiesa, Chair of the Stanislaus County board of Supervisors. At first, he thought the Cal Enviroscreen tool was a good idea. After all, his constituents are always complaining the state doesn’t pay enough attention to their region’s problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, he started to worry it could backfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This would be like hanging a sign at the county or the city limits saying, hey, don’t even think about doing business here,” says Chiesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental Justice groups applaud the tool, saying it will bring needed funds to low-income communities. But they also have concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Zip codes are a very large geographic unit,” says Amy Vanderwarker, who chairs the statewide California Environmental Justice Alliance, based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within one zip code, you can have communities that are right next to refineries or power plants, and then you can have well-off communities that have good environmental conditions in their area,” Vanderwarker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and health activists are also worried Cal Enviroscreen also doesn’t take into account drinking water contamination. And it may not detect asthma rates in remote rural communities, since it measures asthma through emergency room visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal EPA officials received \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ej/pdf/011113CIPAWorkGroupMeetSum.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">more than a thousand comments\u003c/a> [PDF] on drafts of the tool. And they say they plan to release a version using smaller geographic units, like census tracts, later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in West Fresno, young pregnant moms recovering from drug and alcohol addiction are listening to a health educator give them tips on taking care of themselves. The Cal Enviroscreen tool shows that this community scores among the highest in the state when it comes to low birth weight-babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class is sponsored by the West Fresno Family Resource Center. Director Yolanda Randles says she’s not surprised by the grim data. But she wants to see more resources headed to her community, now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re saying in West Fresno, it’s like the worst place to live, but you’re not putting [in] any funds to help change that direction for the residents here,” says Randles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear just how soon Cal Enviroscreen will translate into dollars for high-scoring communities. The California Air Resources Board will consider the tool at \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/nonreg/2013/ghgreductfund13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a meeting later this week\u003c/a>, a first step in figuring out how to allocate cap and trade money to disadvantaged communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
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