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"content": "\u003cp>A couple extra minutes attached to the umbilical cord at birth may translate into a small boost in neurodevelopment several years later, a study suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children whose cords were cut more than three minutes after birth had slightly higher social skills and fine motor skills than those whose cords were cut within 10 seconds. The results showed no differences in IQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is growing evidence from a number of studies that all infants, those born at term and those born early, benefit from receiving extra blood from the placenta at birth,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://www.sussex.ac.uk/profiles/197709\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Heike Rabe\u003c/a>, a neonatologist at Brighton & Sussex Medical School in England. 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The iron in the blood increases infants' iron storage, and iron is essential for healthy brain development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The extra blood at birth helps the baby to cope better with the transition from life in the womb, where everything is provided for them by the placenta and the mother, to the outside world,\" Rabe said. \"Their lungs get more blood so that the exchange of oxygen into the blood can take place smoothly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past studies have shown \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25831651\" target=\"_blank\">higher levels of iron\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843134\" target=\"_blank\">other positive effects\u003c/a> later in infancy among babies whose cords were clamped after several minutes, but few studies have looked at results past infancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this study, researchers randomly assigned half of 263 healthy Swedish full-term newborns to have their cords clamped more than three minutes after birth. The other half were clamped less than 10 seconds after birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years later, the children underwent a series of assessments for IQ, motor skills, social skills, problem-solving, communication skills and behavior. Those with delayed cord clamping showed modestly higher scores in social skills and fine motor skills. When separated by sex, only the boys showed statistically significant improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know exactly why, but speculate that girls receive extra protection through higher estrogen levels whilst being in the womb,\" Rabe said. \"The results in term infants are consistent with those of follow-up in preterm infants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delayed cord clamping has garnered more attention in the past few years for its potential benefits to the newborn. Until recently, clinicians believed early clamping reduced the risk of hemorrhaging in the mother, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25404605\" target=\"_blank\">research hasn't borne\u003c/a> that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the research has focused on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25984654\" target=\"_blank\">preterm infants,\u003c/a> who appear to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24901269\" target=\"_blank\">benefit most\u003c/a> from delayed cord clamping, Rabe said. Preemies who had delayed cord clamping tend to have better blood pressure in the days immediately after birth, need fewer drugs to support blood pressure, need fewer blood transfusions, have less bleeding into the brain and have a lower risk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001148.htm\" target=\"_blank\">necrotizing enterocolitis\u003c/a>, a life-threatening bowel injury, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study is among the few looking at healthy, full-term infants in a country high in resources, as opposed to developing countries where iron deficiency may be more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice/Timing-of-Umbilical-Cord-Clamping-After-Birth\" target=\"_blank\">not yet endorsed the practice\u003c/a>, citing \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/News-Room/News-Releases/2012/Time-to-Clamp-the-Cord\">insufficient\u003c/a> evidence for full-term infants. The World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/elena/titles/full_recommendations/cord_clamping/en/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends delayed cord clamping\u003c/a> of not less than one minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear if the practice could harm infants' health. Some studies have found a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843134\" target=\"_blank\">higher risk of jaundice\u003c/a>, a build-up of bilirubin in the blood from the breakdown of red blood cells. Jaundice is treated with blue light therapy and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25831651\" target=\"_blank\">rarely has serious complications\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another potential risk is a condition called polycythemia, a very high red blood cell count, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.chop.edu/doctors/lorch-scott-a#.VWR3YtJVhBc\">Dr. Scott Lorch\u003c/a>, an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Polycythemia can have medical consequences for the infant, including blood clots, respiratory distress and even strokes in the worst case scenario,\" Lorch said. Some studies have found \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307809\" target=\"_blank\">higher levels of red blood cells\u003c/a> in babies with delayed cord clamping, but there were no complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorch also pointed out that this study involved a mostly homogenous population in a country outside the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should see whether similar effects are seen in higher-risk populations, such as the low socioeconomic population, racial and ethnic minorities and those at higher risk for neurodevelopmental delay,\" Lorch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, studies on delayed cord clamping have excluded infants born in distress, such as those with breathing difficulties or other problems. But Rabe said these infants may actually benefit most from the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These babies often need more blood volume to help with blood pressure, breathing and circulation problems, Rabe said. \"Also, the placental blood is rich with stem cells, which could help to repair any brain damage the baby might have suffered during a difficult birth,\" she added. \"Milking of the cord would be the easiest way to get the extra blood into the baby quickly in an emergency situation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Delayed+Umbilical+Cord+Clamping+May+Benefit+Children+Years+Later&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A couple extra minutes attached to the umbilical cord at birth may translate into a small boost in neurodevelopment several years later, a study suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children whose cords were cut more than three minutes after birth had slightly higher social skills and fine motor skills than those whose cords were cut within 10 seconds. The results showed no differences in IQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is growing evidence from a number of studies that all infants, those born at term and those born early, benefit from receiving extra blood from the placenta at birth,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://www.sussex.ac.uk/profiles/197709\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Heike Rabe\u003c/a>, a neonatologist at Brighton & Sussex Medical School in England. Rabe's editorial accompanied the \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0358\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> published Tuesday in the journal \u003cem>JAMA Pediatrics\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaying the clamping of the cord allows more blood to transfer from the placenta to the infant, sometimes increasing the infant's blood volume by up to a third. The iron in the blood increases infants' iron storage, and iron is essential for healthy brain development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The extra blood at birth helps the baby to cope better with the transition from life in the womb, where everything is provided for them by the placenta and the mother, to the outside world,\" Rabe said. \"Their lungs get more blood so that the exchange of oxygen into the blood can take place smoothly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past studies have shown \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25831651\" target=\"_blank\">higher levels of iron\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843134\" target=\"_blank\">other positive effects\u003c/a> later in infancy among babies whose cords were clamped after several minutes, but few studies have looked at results past infancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this study, researchers randomly assigned half of 263 healthy Swedish full-term newborns to have their cords clamped more than three minutes after birth. The other half were clamped less than 10 seconds after birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years later, the children underwent a series of assessments for IQ, motor skills, social skills, problem-solving, communication skills and behavior. Those with delayed cord clamping showed modestly higher scores in social skills and fine motor skills. When separated by sex, only the boys showed statistically significant improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't know exactly why, but speculate that girls receive extra protection through higher estrogen levels whilst being in the womb,\" Rabe said. \"The results in term infants are consistent with those of follow-up in preterm infants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delayed cord clamping has garnered more attention in the past few years for its potential benefits to the newborn. Until recently, clinicians believed early clamping reduced the risk of hemorrhaging in the mother, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25404605\" target=\"_blank\">research hasn't borne\u003c/a> that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the research has focused on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25984654\" target=\"_blank\">preterm infants,\u003c/a> who appear to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24901269\" target=\"_blank\">benefit most\u003c/a> from delayed cord clamping, Rabe said. Preemies who had delayed cord clamping tend to have better blood pressure in the days immediately after birth, need fewer drugs to support blood pressure, need fewer blood transfusions, have less bleeding into the brain and have a lower risk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001148.htm\" target=\"_blank\">necrotizing enterocolitis\u003c/a>, a life-threatening bowel injury, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study is among the few looking at healthy, full-term infants in a country high in resources, as opposed to developing countries where iron deficiency may be more likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice/Timing-of-Umbilical-Cord-Clamping-After-Birth\" target=\"_blank\">not yet endorsed the practice\u003c/a>, citing \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/News-Room/News-Releases/2012/Time-to-Clamp-the-Cord\">insufficient\u003c/a> evidence for full-term infants. The World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/elena/titles/full_recommendations/cord_clamping/en/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends delayed cord clamping\u003c/a> of not less than one minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear if the practice could harm infants' health. Some studies have found a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843134\" target=\"_blank\">higher risk of jaundice\u003c/a>, a build-up of bilirubin in the blood from the breakdown of red blood cells. Jaundice is treated with blue light therapy and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25831651\" target=\"_blank\">rarely has serious complications\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another potential risk is a condition called polycythemia, a very high red blood cell count, said \u003ca href=\"http://www.chop.edu/doctors/lorch-scott-a#.VWR3YtJVhBc\">Dr. Scott Lorch\u003c/a>, an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Polycythemia can have medical consequences for the infant, including blood clots, respiratory distress and even strokes in the worst case scenario,\" Lorch said. Some studies have found \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307809\" target=\"_blank\">higher levels of red blood cells\u003c/a> in babies with delayed cord clamping, but there were no complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorch also pointed out that this study involved a mostly homogenous population in a country outside the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should see whether similar effects are seen in higher-risk populations, such as the low socioeconomic population, racial and ethnic minorities and those at higher risk for neurodevelopmental delay,\" Lorch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, studies on delayed cord clamping have excluded infants born in distress, such as those with breathing difficulties or other problems. But Rabe said these infants may actually benefit most from the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These babies often need more blood volume to help with blood pressure, breathing and circulation problems, Rabe said. \"Also, the placental blood is rich with stem cells, which could help to repair any brain damage the baby might have suffered during a difficult birth,\" she added. \"Milking of the cord would be the easiest way to get the extra blood into the baby quickly in an emergency situation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Delayed+Umbilical+Cord+Clamping+May+Benefit+Children+Years+Later&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The case against trans fats is not new. For years, health experts have been telling us to avoid them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as retailing behemoths such as Wal-Mart have \u003ca href=\"http://news.walmart.com/news-archive/2011/01/20/walmart-launches-major-initiative-to-make-food-healthier-healthier-food-more-affordable\">committed\u003c/a> to the removal of all remaining, industrially produced trans fats in the products they sell, the food industry has stepped up its pace to reformulate its offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmaonline.org/\">Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a> says the food industry has already reduced its use of trans fats by more than 85 percent. Even Crisco is now made without partially hydrogenated oils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the Food and Drug Administration is expected to take action soon to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/labelingnutrition/ucm274590.htm\">phase out\u003c/a> much of the remaining trans fats in the food supply. The agency first \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm372915.htm\">announced\u003c/a> its plan back in 2013. And, any day now, the FDA is expected to announce a final rule that could amount to a near ban of trans fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The time is long overdue to get trans fats out of the food supply,\" says Michael Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest. He nudged for a mandatory labeling of trans fats on food packages, which has been in place since 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, where do we still find trans fats in the food supply? The labels of ready-to-bake pie crusts, baked goods and microwave popcorn are a good place to look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, there are low-levels of trans fats in lots of foods — levels that fall below the threshold for labeling. As my colleague Eliza Barclay has reported, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/08/28/343971652/trans-fats-linger-stubbornly-in-the-food-supply\">zero trans fats doesn't necessarily mean zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA allows companies to list 0 grams on the label even if the food contains up to half a gram of trans fats. In other words, If a packaged food has less than .5 grams per serving, it can be labeled as trans-fat free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you want to avoid these trace levels, you've got to scan the ingredient list. If you see partially hydrogenated oils listed, you know there's a small amount of trans fats in the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's a little history lesson in how trans fats came to be: As my colleague Dan Charles has \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/11/07/243730263/fda-moves-to-phase-out-remaining-trans-fats-in-food-supply\">reported\u003c/a>, in the early 1900s scientists worked out a way to add hydrogen atoms to a molecule of oil. In essence, that process converted liquid vegetable oils into solid fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After this discovery, the era of baking with Crisco and margarine began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, decades later, scientists began to document the damaging health effects of partially hydrogenated oils. Turns out, the ubiquitous use of trans fats was wreaking havoc on our cardiovascular systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trans fats \"raise bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol,\" explains \u003ca href=\"http://provost.tufts.edu/about/academic-leadership-team/mozaffarian-friedman-school-of-nutrition-science-and-policy/\">Dariush Mozaffarian\u003c/a>, a cardiologist, epidemiologist and dean of the nutrition policy and science school at Tufts University. And that's not all, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Mozaffarian explains, trans fats also raise inflammation and worsen the health of blood vessels. \"There's really not any other fat that has this constellation of harmful effects,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The food industry has moved to reformulate many foods. Manufacturers have turned to alternative fats, such as palm oil and blends of vegetable oils. From a health perspective, that's an improvement, Mozaffarian says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any natural replacement is superior to partially hydrogenated vegetable oil — whether it's butter, palm oil or blends of oils,\" Mozaffarian says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(However, as we've reported, when it comes to environmental and worker's rights issues, palm oil has historically been \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/06/06/319231081/doughnut-day-downer-palm-oil-in-pastries-drives-deforestation\">problematic\u003c/a>, though the industry is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/04/21/396815303/palm-oil-plantations-are-blamed-for-many-evils-but-change-is-coming\">changing\u003c/a> as a result of consumer pressure.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the FDA issues its final rule, it will likely move to revoke the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/04/14/399591292/why-the-fda-is-clueless-about-some-of-the-additives-in-our-food\">GRAS \u003c/a>(Generally Recognized As Safe) status of trans fats. And this could pose a problem for manufacturers that still have small amounts of partially hydrogenated oils in the products they sell. For instance, it could open them up to lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Grocery Manufacturers Association told us in a statement that \"we share FDA's goal of reducing trans fatty acids in the diet.\" But the group is preparing to file a petition. \"The food additive petition currently in development will help us to achieve this shared objective,\" the GMA statement says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the Grocery Manufacturers Association may ask for more flexibility in meeting the goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Adios%2C+Trans+Fats%3A+FDA+Poised+To+Phase+Out+Artery-Clogging+Fat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcript :\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The case against trans fats is not new. For years, health experts have been telling us to avoid them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as retailing behemoths such as Wal-Mart have \u003ca href=\"http://news.walmart.com/news-archive/2011/01/20/walmart-launches-major-initiative-to-make-food-healthier-healthier-food-more-affordable\">committed\u003c/a> to the removal of all remaining, industrially produced trans fats in the products they sell, the food industry has stepped up its pace to reformulate its offerings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmaonline.org/\">Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a> says the food industry has already reduced its use of trans fats by more than 85 percent. Even Crisco is now made without partially hydrogenated oils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the Food and Drug Administration is expected to take action soon to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/labelingnutrition/ucm274590.htm\">phase out\u003c/a> much of the remaining trans fats in the food supply. The agency first \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm372915.htm\">announced\u003c/a> its plan back in 2013. And, any day now, the FDA is expected to announce a final rule that could amount to a near ban of trans fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The time is long overdue to get trans fats out of the food supply,\" says Michael Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest. He nudged for a mandatory labeling of trans fats on food packages, which has been in place since 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, where do we still find trans fats in the food supply? The labels of ready-to-bake pie crusts, baked goods and microwave popcorn are a good place to look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, there are low-levels of trans fats in lots of foods — levels that fall below the threshold for labeling. As my colleague Eliza Barclay has reported, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/08/28/343971652/trans-fats-linger-stubbornly-in-the-food-supply\">zero trans fats doesn't necessarily mean zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA allows companies to list 0 grams on the label even if the food contains up to half a gram of trans fats. In other words, If a packaged food has less than .5 grams per serving, it can be labeled as trans-fat free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you want to avoid these trace levels, you've got to scan the ingredient list. If you see partially hydrogenated oils listed, you know there's a small amount of trans fats in the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's a little history lesson in how trans fats came to be: As my colleague Dan Charles has \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/11/07/243730263/fda-moves-to-phase-out-remaining-trans-fats-in-food-supply\">reported\u003c/a>, in the early 1900s scientists worked out a way to add hydrogen atoms to a molecule of oil. In essence, that process converted liquid vegetable oils into solid fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After this discovery, the era of baking with Crisco and margarine began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, decades later, scientists began to document the damaging health effects of partially hydrogenated oils. Turns out, the ubiquitous use of trans fats was wreaking havoc on our cardiovascular systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trans fats \"raise bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol,\" explains \u003ca href=\"http://provost.tufts.edu/about/academic-leadership-team/mozaffarian-friedman-school-of-nutrition-science-and-policy/\">Dariush Mozaffarian\u003c/a>, a cardiologist, epidemiologist and dean of the nutrition policy and science school at Tufts University. And that's not all, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Mozaffarian explains, trans fats also raise inflammation and worsen the health of blood vessels. \"There's really not any other fat that has this constellation of harmful effects,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The food industry has moved to reformulate many foods. Manufacturers have turned to alternative fats, such as palm oil and blends of vegetable oils. From a health perspective, that's an improvement, Mozaffarian says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any natural replacement is superior to partially hydrogenated vegetable oil — whether it's butter, palm oil or blends of oils,\" Mozaffarian says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(However, as we've reported, when it comes to environmental and worker's rights issues, palm oil has historically been \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/06/06/319231081/doughnut-day-downer-palm-oil-in-pastries-drives-deforestation\">problematic\u003c/a>, though the industry is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/04/21/396815303/palm-oil-plantations-are-blamed-for-many-evils-but-change-is-coming\">changing\u003c/a> as a result of consumer pressure.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the FDA issues its final rule, it will likely move to revoke the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/04/14/399591292/why-the-fda-is-clueless-about-some-of-the-additives-in-our-food\">GRAS \u003c/a>(Generally Recognized As Safe) status of trans fats. And this could pose a problem for manufacturers that still have small amounts of partially hydrogenated oils in the products they sell. For instance, it could open them up to lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Grocery Manufacturers Association told us in a statement that \"we share FDA's goal of reducing trans fatty acids in the diet.\" But the group is preparing to file a petition. \"The food additive petition currently in development will help us to achieve this shared objective,\" the GMA statement says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible that the Grocery Manufacturers Association may ask for more flexibility in meeting the goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Adios%2C+Trans+Fats%3A+FDA+Poised+To+Phase+Out+Artery-Clogging+Fat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcript :\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The voicemail message was like so many others from my mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hi, it’s Mom,” she began, then chatted on, full Jewish mother in her distinctive gravelly timbre. “There’s a storm coming your way…Please drive very carefully….Love you. Bye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the type of message I normally didn’t pay much attention to, quickly deleting it after I listened. But three weeks after my mom, Harriet Ornstein, uttered those words, she died at a hospital outside Detroit. I unearthed this message and others from her while plumbing my iPhone’s cache of deleted messages, amazed and grateful by this unexpected ability to preserve her voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have many treasured memories of my mom, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/03/05/how-moms-death-changed-my-thinking-about-end-of-life-care/\" target=\"_blank\">who died in January 2013\u003c/a>. I have serving platters, wine glasses, birthday cards she sent me, and photos of her as a girl and with my children. I have videos of her and my dad at my Bar Mitzvah and wedding. But somehow, oddly, the voicemails—those unscripted moments of everyday life—are the ones I turn to most often when I’m feeling sad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hear her, maternal and overprotective, even as I raise a family of my own. The mom eager to share a juicy story (“Just watching the news and there was another crazy New Jersey guy…,” she said in one message.) The mom who called every few hours, brimming with excitement as my family and I drove 10 hours from New Jersey to visit her and my dad in Michigan. The mom increasingly frail as her Parkinson’s disease advanced. (“Charlie, I have a favor to ask of you… I’ll talk to you later. Love you. Kiss everybody.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had stumbled upon the messages almost by accident. While going through voice messages of condolence from friends, I came upon a single mundane call from my mom. I then made the fortuitous discovery that my smart phone was really smart—it required a second delete to send discarded messages into the ether. I had a trove of verbal memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206568628\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our phones have become our new scrapbooks. Unlike photos that capture how we looked in second grade or remind us of our 21st birthday, voice mails—perhaps because they are divorced from the visual—capture our essence at different moments in time. My 5-year-old son’s impishness as he asks for a call back. My 8-year-old’s obsession with our fantasy sports teams. My mom’s voice growing weaker over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hit delete and messages left on the home answering machine are gone for good. But our cell phones allow us to carry memories with us, perhaps without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I upgraded my iPhone last year, I kept the old one and, just to be safe, saved the messages to a digital voice recorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before my mom’s heart unexpectedly stopped, sending her into the coma from which she never recovered, she called my dad’s cell phone from the hospital emergency room. It was before dawn. “Hi. I love you. It’s 5:30. I haven’t slept but I love you. Take care of yourself please. Bye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s haunting to listen to those words. I wonder if she knew her own end was near. I recorded that one on my phone, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sadly, I would go through a similar ritual when my dad, Alexander Ornstein, died suddenly, four months after my mom. Last week marked the two year anniversary of his death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hi everybody. Shabbat Shalom. It’s Papa O, calling from Michigan. Okey doke, bye now,” said my dad’s soft voice, still sending us love in one message we had inexplicably not erased on our home machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I listen to my dad’s messages on my phone, I hear the gentle caring man who always asked about how others were doing, irrespective of his own myriad health problems. (“I don’t know what time you were going home. Have a safe trip and give me a call when you’re back in New Jersey.”) I hear the dad who always made us roll our eyes and chuckle because he insisted on noting the precise instant of his call– “1:33 and a half,” despite the time stamp on the message and Caller ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the messages from my mom, those left by my dad chronicle the slow march to his death, which ended the daily calls (often in the heat of my workday when I didn’t have much time for chatting) and the messages I now treasure. In his final weeks, complications of diabetes and a fall led to the amputation of one toe, and then all of the toes on one foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I’m minus a toe but I’m more worried about the foot,” he said in one message. “Anyway, I’m OK with it. Alright, bye now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight days before he died, he left me what would be his last message: “Everything seems to be going fine,” he said at the end. “Bye now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents endure in many forms. But most of those, I don’t carry with me in my pocket. More than once, I’ve pulled over while driving alone, taken out my phone and played the messages one after another. I marvel how the things I cherish most about my parents aren’t those that I would have ever imagined.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The voicemail message was like so many others from my mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hi, it’s Mom,” she began, then chatted on, full Jewish mother in her distinctive gravelly timbre. “There’s a storm coming your way…Please drive very carefully….Love you. Bye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the type of message I normally didn’t pay much attention to, quickly deleting it after I listened. But three weeks after my mom, Harriet Ornstein, uttered those words, she died at a hospital outside Detroit. I unearthed this message and others from her while plumbing my iPhone’s cache of deleted messages, amazed and grateful by this unexpected ability to preserve her voice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have many treasured memories of my mom, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/03/05/how-moms-death-changed-my-thinking-about-end-of-life-care/\" target=\"_blank\">who died in January 2013\u003c/a>. I have serving platters, wine glasses, birthday cards she sent me, and photos of her as a girl and with my children. I have videos of her and my dad at my Bar Mitzvah and wedding. But somehow, oddly, the voicemails—those unscripted moments of everyday life—are the ones I turn to most often when I’m feeling sad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hear her, maternal and overprotective, even as I raise a family of my own. The mom eager to share a juicy story (“Just watching the news and there was another crazy New Jersey guy…,” she said in one message.) The mom who called every few hours, brimming with excitement as my family and I drove 10 hours from New Jersey to visit her and my dad in Michigan. The mom increasingly frail as her Parkinson’s disease advanced. (“Charlie, I have a favor to ask of you… I’ll talk to you later. Love you. Kiss everybody.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had stumbled upon the messages almost by accident. While going through voice messages of condolence from friends, I came upon a single mundane call from my mom. I then made the fortuitous discovery that my smart phone was really smart—it required a second delete to send discarded messages into the ether. I had a trove of verbal memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206568628&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206568628'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our phones have become our new scrapbooks. Unlike photos that capture how we looked in second grade or remind us of our 21st birthday, voice mails—perhaps because they are divorced from the visual—capture our essence at different moments in time. My 5-year-old son’s impishness as he asks for a call back. My 8-year-old’s obsession with our fantasy sports teams. My mom’s voice growing weaker over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hit delete and messages left on the home answering machine are gone for good. But our cell phones allow us to carry memories with us, perhaps without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I upgraded my iPhone last year, I kept the old one and, just to be safe, saved the messages to a digital voice recorder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before my mom’s heart unexpectedly stopped, sending her into the coma from which she never recovered, she called my dad’s cell phone from the hospital emergency room. It was before dawn. “Hi. I love you. It’s 5:30. I haven’t slept but I love you. Take care of yourself please. Bye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s haunting to listen to those words. I wonder if she knew her own end was near. I recorded that one on my phone, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sadly, I would go through a similar ritual when my dad, Alexander Ornstein, died suddenly, four months after my mom. Last week marked the two year anniversary of his death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hi everybody. Shabbat Shalom. It’s Papa O, calling from Michigan. Okey doke, bye now,” said my dad’s soft voice, still sending us love in one message we had inexplicably not erased on our home machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I listen to my dad’s messages on my phone, I hear the gentle caring man who always asked about how others were doing, irrespective of his own myriad health problems. (“I don’t know what time you were going home. Have a safe trip and give me a call when you’re back in New Jersey.”) I hear the dad who always made us roll our eyes and chuckle because he insisted on noting the precise instant of his call– “1:33 and a half,” despite the time stamp on the message and Caller ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the messages from my mom, those left by my dad chronicle the slow march to his death, which ended the daily calls (often in the heat of my workday when I didn’t have much time for chatting) and the messages I now treasure. In his final weeks, complications of diabetes and a fall led to the amputation of one toe, and then all of the toes on one foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I’m minus a toe but I’m more worried about the foot,” he said in one message. “Anyway, I’m OK with it. Alright, bye now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight days before he died, he left me what would be his last message: “Everything seems to be going fine,” he said at the end. “Bye now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents endure in many forms. But most of those, I don’t carry with me in my pocket. More than once, I’ve pulled over while driving alone, taken out my phone and played the messages one after another. I marvel how the things I cherish most about my parents aren’t those that I would have ever imagined.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>African-American women can be at risk of heart disease even if they don't have metabolic syndrome, a study finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a problem, because the current thinking is that metabolic syndrome — defined as high triglycerides, bad cholesterol, abdominal fat, high blood pressure and impaired glucose metabolism — is the big risk factor for heart attacks and strokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture with women appears to be a lot more complicated, especially when you compare women in different racial or ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \u003ca href=\"http://jaha.ahajournals.org/content/4/5/e001695.abstract?sid=d5e8b267-0c63-4a4f-8602-a7343e97523b\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a>, published Wednesday in the \u003cem>Journal of the American Heart Association\u003c/em>, found that having just having two metabolic abnormalities raised heart disease risk in African-American women. Being overweight or obese with two or three metabolic factors almost doubled their heart disease risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wasn't true for white women. For them, being overweight or obese didn't boost their risk unless they had full-on \u003ca href=\"http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MetabolicSyndrome/About-Metabolic-Syndrome_UCM_301920_Article.jsp\" target=\"_blank\">metabolic syndrome\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The metabolic health concept has only been investigated in the white population,\" says Dr. Michelle Schmiegelow of Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte in Denmark. She led the research while at Stanford University. \"We found that it cannot be directly applied to black individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking just at metabolic syndrome will underestimate risk in African-American women and overestimate it in white women, Schmiegelow says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study looked at data from 14,364 postmenopausal women who participated in the Women's Health Initiative, tracking their health for 13 years. Hispanic women were included, but there weren't enough of them to come to any firm conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot we don't know,\" says Dr. Robert Eckel, a professor at the University of Colorado's Anschutz School of Medicine who was not involved in the study. \"Does culture or race, environmentally or genetically, have impacts that we can't quite assess accurately?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also raises the question of how the health effects of race and culture vary around the globe, Eckel says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it shows that a one-size-fits-all approach to health risks doesn't cut it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to make an individual risk assessment,\" Schmiegelow told Shots. \"I'm really hoping this study will motivate other groups to see if they can replicate our finding in men or in other races and ethnicities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Heart+Risk+Factors+May+Affect+Black+Women+More+Than+White+Women&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>African-American women can be at risk of heart disease even if they don't have metabolic syndrome, a study finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a problem, because the current thinking is that metabolic syndrome — defined as high triglycerides, bad cholesterol, abdominal fat, high blood pressure and impaired glucose metabolism — is the big risk factor for heart attacks and strokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture with women appears to be a lot more complicated, especially when you compare women in different racial or ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This \u003ca href=\"http://jaha.ahajournals.org/content/4/5/e001695.abstract?sid=d5e8b267-0c63-4a4f-8602-a7343e97523b\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a>, published Wednesday in the \u003cem>Journal of the American Heart Association\u003c/em>, found that having just having two metabolic abnormalities raised heart disease risk in African-American women. Being overweight or obese with two or three metabolic factors almost doubled their heart disease risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wasn't true for white women. For them, being overweight or obese didn't boost their risk unless they had full-on \u003ca href=\"http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MetabolicSyndrome/About-Metabolic-Syndrome_UCM_301920_Article.jsp\" target=\"_blank\">metabolic syndrome\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The metabolic health concept has only been investigated in the white population,\" says Dr. Michelle Schmiegelow of Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte in Denmark. She led the research while at Stanford University. \"We found that it cannot be directly applied to black individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking just at metabolic syndrome will underestimate risk in African-American women and overestimate it in white women, Schmiegelow says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study looked at data from 14,364 postmenopausal women who participated in the Women's Health Initiative, tracking their health for 13 years. Hispanic women were included, but there weren't enough of them to come to any firm conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot we don't know,\" says Dr. Robert Eckel, a professor at the University of Colorado's Anschutz School of Medicine who was not involved in the study. \"Does culture or race, environmentally or genetically, have impacts that we can't quite assess accurately?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also raises the question of how the health effects of race and culture vary around the globe, Eckel says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it shows that a one-size-fits-all approach to health risks doesn't cut it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to make an individual risk assessment,\" Schmiegelow told Shots. \"I'm really hoping this study will motivate other groups to see if they can replicate our finding in men or in other races and ethnicities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Heart+Risk+Factors+May+Affect+Black+Women+More+Than+White+Women&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you've ever walked out of the house without your phone and wallet — as I did yesterday — you might have wondered: Am I starting to lose it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're too young for any real concern about dementia, this kind of precursor to a \"senior moment\" can be rattling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new study suggests we're not powerless when it comes to keeping our mental acuity and memory intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have documented that a Mediterranean diet rich in vegetables, fish, whole grains, along with daily servings of nuts and olive oil can help fend off age-related cognitive decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2293082\">study\u003c/a>, which appears in \u003cem>JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/em>, compared the brain health of groups of older people in Spain (in their 60s and 70s) who were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group was assigned to eat a Mediterranean diet, plus either extra daily servings of extra-virgin olive oil (about four tablespoons) or daily servings of nuts. Another group was assigned to eat a lower-fat diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the study, researchers gave the men and women a battery of cognitive tests to gauge various aspects of brain health, from working memory to processing speed to executive function. After about four years, the tests were repeated a second time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we see here is that the control diet group [the people eating the lower-fat diet] worsened on their cognitive tests,\" \u003ca href=\"http://predimed.onmedic.net/eng/Home/PREDIMEDTEAM/Barcelona/IDIBAPSHospitalClinicofBarcelona/tabid/596/Default.aspx\">Emilio Ros, \u003c/a>a researcher at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and the lead author of the study, says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, the people following the nut-and-oil-rich Mediterranean diet held steady on their cognitive test scores. In other words, their memories did not get significantly better, but there was no measurable age-related decline either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The key finding here is that this [Mediterranean] diet is preventing decline,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://provost.tufts.edu/about/academic-leadership-team/mozaffarian-friedman-school-of-nutrition-science-and-policy/\">Dariush Mozaffarian\u003c/a>, dean of the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's encouraging news,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/joann-manson/\">JoAnn Manson\u003c/a>, chief of the division of preventive medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a professor of medicine at Harvard University. She says the study suggests that there can be benefits to making diet changes, \"even among people in their 60s, 70s or older.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study is a follow-up to an original finding from the \u003ca href=\"http://predimed.onmedic.net/eng/Home/PREDIMEDSTUDY/REASONSFORTHESTUDY/tabid/568/Default.aspx\">PREDIMED\u003c/a> study, a long-term nutritional intervention study of the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet in seven communities in Spain. As we've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/09/30/226844915/to-get-the-benefits-of-olive-oil-fresh-may-be-best\">reported\u003c/a>, the researchers\u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1200303\"> documented\u003c/a> in 2013 that the Mediterranean diet cut the risk of heart attacks and strokes by about 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you put the two findings together, they build on the evidence that eating a heart-healthy diet can also protect the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's increasing evidence that what's good for the heart is also good for the brain. The two are strongly interconnected,\" Manson says. The Mediterranean pattern of eating is also linked to improvements in cholesterol levels, blood pressure and blood glucose regulation, Manson adds. So, it makes sense that the heart and the brain may benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are still questions about how exactly the Mediterranean pattern of eating might be conferring such benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we age, our cells may be damaged by free radicals — a process called oxidative stress. But as Ros and his co-authors write in the paper, it is possible to counteract free radicals by eating antioxidant-rich foods. And by countering oxidative stress, we might also get \"protection from neurodegenerative disorders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certainly a whole range of foods in common in the Mediterranean diet — from fruits and vegetables to fish and nuts — are rich in antioxidants. Some \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21443487\">research\u003c/a> points to specific compounds in olive oil, such as oleocanthal, as beneficial, too, because they may limit inflammation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also possible that part of the cognitive effect may not be directly related to diet. \"It could be that the people on the Mediterranean diet are also changing some other aspect of their lives,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.dibs.duke.edu/research/profiles/35-p-murali-doraiswamy\">Murali Doraiswamy\u003c/a>, a brain scientist at Duke University. Perhaps they're walking more or smoking less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doraiswamy says the study is encouraging, but he doesn't find it conclusive. He points out that the study didn't go on long enough to track rates of dementia. So, he says, it's not known whether the staving off of memory loss translates into a reduced rate of Alzheimer's down the road.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you've ever walked out of the house without your phone and wallet — as I did yesterday — you might have wondered: Am I starting to lose it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're too young for any real concern about dementia, this kind of precursor to a \"senior moment\" can be rattling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new study suggests we're not powerless when it comes to keeping our mental acuity and memory intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have documented that a Mediterranean diet rich in vegetables, fish, whole grains, along with daily servings of nuts and olive oil can help fend off age-related cognitive decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2293082\">study\u003c/a>, which appears in \u003cem>JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/em>, compared the brain health of groups of older people in Spain (in their 60s and 70s) who were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group was assigned to eat a Mediterranean diet, plus either extra daily servings of extra-virgin olive oil (about four tablespoons) or daily servings of nuts. Another group was assigned to eat a lower-fat diet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the study, researchers gave the men and women a battery of cognitive tests to gauge various aspects of brain health, from working memory to processing speed to executive function. After about four years, the tests were repeated a second time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we see here is that the control diet group [the people eating the lower-fat diet] worsened on their cognitive tests,\" \u003ca href=\"http://predimed.onmedic.net/eng/Home/PREDIMEDTEAM/Barcelona/IDIBAPSHospitalClinicofBarcelona/tabid/596/Default.aspx\">Emilio Ros, \u003c/a>a researcher at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and the lead author of the study, says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, the people following the nut-and-oil-rich Mediterranean diet held steady on their cognitive test scores. In other words, their memories did not get significantly better, but there was no measurable age-related decline either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The key finding here is that this [Mediterranean] diet is preventing decline,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://provost.tufts.edu/about/academic-leadership-team/mozaffarian-friedman-school-of-nutrition-science-and-policy/\">Dariush Mozaffarian\u003c/a>, dean of the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's encouraging news,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/joann-manson/\">JoAnn Manson\u003c/a>, chief of the division of preventive medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a professor of medicine at Harvard University. She says the study suggests that there can be benefits to making diet changes, \"even among people in their 60s, 70s or older.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study is a follow-up to an original finding from the \u003ca href=\"http://predimed.onmedic.net/eng/Home/PREDIMEDSTUDY/REASONSFORTHESTUDY/tabid/568/Default.aspx\">PREDIMED\u003c/a> study, a long-term nutritional intervention study of the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet in seven communities in Spain. As we've \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/09/30/226844915/to-get-the-benefits-of-olive-oil-fresh-may-be-best\">reported\u003c/a>, the researchers\u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1200303\"> documented\u003c/a> in 2013 that the Mediterranean diet cut the risk of heart attacks and strokes by about 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you put the two findings together, they build on the evidence that eating a heart-healthy diet can also protect the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's increasing evidence that what's good for the heart is also good for the brain. The two are strongly interconnected,\" Manson says. The Mediterranean pattern of eating is also linked to improvements in cholesterol levels, blood pressure and blood glucose regulation, Manson adds. So, it makes sense that the heart and the brain may benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are still questions about how exactly the Mediterranean pattern of eating might be conferring such benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we age, our cells may be damaged by free radicals — a process called oxidative stress. But as Ros and his co-authors write in the paper, it is possible to counteract free radicals by eating antioxidant-rich foods. And by countering oxidative stress, we might also get \"protection from neurodegenerative disorders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certainly a whole range of foods in common in the Mediterranean diet — from fruits and vegetables to fish and nuts — are rich in antioxidants. Some \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21443487\">research\u003c/a> points to specific compounds in olive oil, such as oleocanthal, as beneficial, too, because they may limit inflammation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also possible that part of the cognitive effect may not be directly related to diet. \"It could be that the people on the Mediterranean diet are also changing some other aspect of their lives,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.dibs.duke.edu/research/profiles/35-p-murali-doraiswamy\">Murali Doraiswamy\u003c/a>, a brain scientist at Duke University. Perhaps they're walking more or smoking less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doraiswamy says the study is encouraging, but he doesn't find it conclusive. He points out that the study didn't go on long enough to track rates of dementia. So, he says, it's not known whether the staving off of memory loss translates into a reduced rate of Alzheimer's down the road.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Know Someone with Cancer? Here Are the Cards You Should Really Send",
"title": "Know Someone with Cancer? Here Are the Cards You Should Really Send",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25421\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg\" alt=\"267_ILlnessJourney\" width=\"1800\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>When a friend or loved one gets sick — really, seriously sick — it's hard to know what to say. So some of us say nothing. Which seems better than saying the wrong thing, though people do that too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles graphic designer \u003ca title=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/pages/emily-mcdowellthe-person\" href=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/pages/emily-mcdowellthe-person\" target=\"_blank\">Emily McDowell's \u003c/a>solution to this dilemma are what she calls \u003ca title=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/search?type=product&q=Empathy+cards\" href=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/search?type=product&q=Empathy+cards\" target=\"_blank\">Empathy Cards\u003c/a>. When someone is seriously ill, she says, the usual \"Get Well Soon\" won't do. Because you might not, she says. At least not soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDowell knows this from experience. She's a 15-year survivor of \u003ca title=\"http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/lymphoma\" href=\"http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/lymphoma\" target=\"_blank\">Hodgkin lymphoma\u003c/a>. She was just 24 when she was diagnosed.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-25427 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"263_HappensForReason\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\"The most difficult thing about my illness was the fact that it was so lonely,\" she says. One of the reasons was \"friends and family either disappearing because they didn't know what to say or well-intentioned people saying the wrong thing. So one of the most difficult things about being sick was feeling really alienated from everyone that I knew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDowell says she often got well-meaning advice on Internet \"cures.\" \"The thing that I felt when it was happening to me was: 'I also have the Internet. And I really appreciate you trying to help, but believe me, I've spent way too many hours Googling my own condition and any possible treatments. And I've made the decisions to do the things that I'm doing because I felt like they were the best choices for me.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-25429 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"265_CureInternet\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>And then there's \"Everything happens for a reason.\" With time and distance, some people do come to that conclusion on their own, McDowell says. But \"hearing that immediately after some shocking or terrible thing happens in your life is generally not what people want to hear.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is it with people who respond to the news of your dire prognosis with more bad news? That was the impetus for \"When life gives you lemons, I won't tell you a story about my cousin's friend who died of lemons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a weird thing that people do. When they found out ... that I had cancer, it was 'Oh yeah, so and so I know had cancer and they died.' ... It's like sort of knee-jerk 'Oh, I can relate to this' and then they don't really think about the ending. ... But it's really surprising how many people this happens to and how common that is as a reaction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And wouldn't it be great if no one ever referred to your illness as a \"journey\"? \"With time and distance some people do come to that conclusion on their own that this ... feels like a journey,\" McDowell says. \"But a lot of people really feel like 'If this is a journey I'd like my ticket refunded,' or 'This is a journey to hell and back.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25428 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"264_ChemoDown\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Graphic designer -- also a cancer survivor -- designed the \"empathy cards\" she wishes she had received. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25421\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg\" alt=\"267_ILlnessJourney\" width=\"1800\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/267_ILlnessJourney-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>When a friend or loved one gets sick — really, seriously sick — it's hard to know what to say. So some of us say nothing. Which seems better than saying the wrong thing, though people do that too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles graphic designer \u003ca title=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/pages/emily-mcdowellthe-person\" href=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/pages/emily-mcdowellthe-person\" target=\"_blank\">Emily McDowell's \u003c/a>solution to this dilemma are what she calls \u003ca title=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/search?type=product&q=Empathy+cards\" href=\"http://emilymcdowell.com/search?type=product&q=Empathy+cards\" target=\"_blank\">Empathy Cards\u003c/a>. When someone is seriously ill, she says, the usual \"Get Well Soon\" won't do. Because you might not, she says. At least not soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDowell knows this from experience. She's a 15-year survivor of \u003ca title=\"http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/lymphoma\" href=\"http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/lymphoma\" target=\"_blank\">Hodgkin lymphoma\u003c/a>. She was just 24 when she was diagnosed.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-25427 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"263_HappensForReason\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/263_HappensForReason-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\"The most difficult thing about my illness was the fact that it was so lonely,\" she says. One of the reasons was \"friends and family either disappearing because they didn't know what to say or well-intentioned people saying the wrong thing. So one of the most difficult things about being sick was feeling really alienated from everyone that I knew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDowell says she often got well-meaning advice on Internet \"cures.\" \"The thing that I felt when it was happening to me was: 'I also have the Internet. And I really appreciate you trying to help, but believe me, I've spent way too many hours Googling my own condition and any possible treatments. And I've made the decisions to do the things that I'm doing because I felt like they were the best choices for me.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-25429 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"265_CureInternet\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/265_CureInternet-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>And then there's \"Everything happens for a reason.\" With time and distance, some people do come to that conclusion on their own, McDowell says. But \"hearing that immediately after some shocking or terrible thing happens in your life is generally not what people want to hear.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is it with people who respond to the news of your dire prognosis with more bad news? That was the impetus for \"When life gives you lemons, I won't tell you a story about my cousin's friend who died of lemons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a weird thing that people do. When they found out ... that I had cancer, it was 'Oh yeah, so and so I know had cancer and they died.' ... It's like sort of knee-jerk 'Oh, I can relate to this' and then they don't really think about the ending. ... But it's really surprising how many people this happens to and how common that is as a reaction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And wouldn't it be great if no one ever referred to your illness as a \"journey\"? \"With time and distance some people do come to that conclusion on their own that this ... feels like a journey,\" McDowell says. \"But a lot of people really feel like 'If this is a journey I'd like my ticket refunded,' or 'This is a journey to hell and back.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25428 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-400x533.jpg\" alt=\"264_ChemoDown\" width=\"400\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/05/264_ChemoDown-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why You Should Rethink That Daily Dose of Aspirin",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25127\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 641px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25127\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"641\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Maanvi Singh,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/27/402039544/maybe-you-should-rethink-that-daily-aspirin\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/27/402039544/maybe-you-should-rethink-that-daily-aspirin\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've all heard that an aspirin a day can keep heart disease at bay. But lots of Americans seem to be taking it as a preventive measure, when many probably shouldn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> The chance that aspirin will prevent a first heart attack is about equal to the chance that it will cause harmful side effects \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In a recent national survey, more than half the adults who were middle age or older reported taking an aspirin regularly to prevent a heart attack or stroke. The Food and Drug Administration only recommends the drug for people who've already experienced such an event, or who are at extremely high risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, found that 52 percent of people age 45 to 75 are taking aspirin daily or every other day. And 47 percent are taking it even though they have never had a heart attack or stroke.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's very controversial in the medical community,\" says Craig Williams, a pharmacologist at Oregon State University, who led the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aspirin thins the blood and can help prevent blood clots that can clog blood vessels and cause strokes and heart attacks. But long-term use of the drug also increases the risk of ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding and bleeding in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone agrees that for people who have already had a cardiac event, the benefits outweigh the risk,\" Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for most other people, the chance that aspirin will prevent a first heart attack is about equal to the chance that it will cause harmful side effects, research suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says aspirin should be used only for prevention when someone's risk for heart disease is especially high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Williams says that the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is in the process of revising its recommendation, which currently holds that older men and women should generally take aspirin if their risk for heart attack outweighs the risk of bleeding due to the medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the survey by Williams' team, about 43 percent of people said they were taking the drug for prevention without having consulted a physician. That's a bad idea, says Steve Nissen, a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic who wasn't involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vast majority of people in America who take aspirin for prevention are what I like to call the 'worried well,' \" Nissen says. \"They are perfectly healthy. They may not even have a lot of risk factors. But, they're very health conscious. And somebody told them that aspirin was good for preventing heart attacks, so they just started taking it.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25127\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 641px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25127\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"641\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/iStock_000017414759_Large-sized-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Maanvi Singh,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/27/402039544/maybe-you-should-rethink-that-daily-aspirin\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/04/27/402039544/maybe-you-should-rethink-that-daily-aspirin\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've all heard that an aspirin a day can keep heart disease at bay. But lots of Americans seem to be taking it as a preventive measure, when many probably shouldn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> The chance that aspirin will prevent a first heart attack is about equal to the chance that it will cause harmful side effects \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In a recent national survey, more than half the adults who were middle age or older reported taking an aspirin regularly to prevent a heart attack or stroke. The Food and Drug Administration only recommends the drug for people who've already experienced such an event, or who are at extremely high risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, found that 52 percent of people age 45 to 75 are taking aspirin daily or every other day. And 47 percent are taking it even though they have never had a heart attack or stroke.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's very controversial in the medical community,\" says Craig Williams, a pharmacologist at Oregon State University, who led the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aspirin thins the blood and can help prevent blood clots that can clog blood vessels and cause strokes and heart attacks. But long-term use of the drug also increases the risk of ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding and bleeding in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone agrees that for people who have already had a cardiac event, the benefits outweigh the risk,\" Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for most other people, the chance that aspirin will prevent a first heart attack is about equal to the chance that it will cause harmful side effects, research suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says aspirin should be used only for prevention when someone's risk for heart disease is especially high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Williams says that the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is in the process of revising its recommendation, which currently holds that older men and women should generally take aspirin if their risk for heart attack outweighs the risk of bleeding due to the medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the survey by Williams' team, about 43 percent of people said they were taking the drug for prevention without having consulted a physician. That's a bad idea, says Steve Nissen, a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic who wasn't involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The vast majority of people in America who take aspirin for prevention are what I like to call the 'worried well,' \" Nissen says. \"They are perfectly healthy. They may not even have a lot of risk factors. But, they're very health conscious. And somebody told them that aspirin was good for preventing heart attacks, so they just started taking it.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Uninsured? Here Are Alternative Options for Medical Care",
"title": "Uninsured? Here Are Alternative Options for Medical Care",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Emily Bazar, \u003ca href=\"http://centerforhealthreporting.org/\" target=\"_blank\">CHCF Center for Health Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24898\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/medi-cal.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24898\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/medi-cal-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"Millions of still Californians remain uninsured, either by choice or immigration status. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Millions of still Californians remain uninsured, either by choice or immigration status. (Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About 5 million Californians have new health coverage as a result of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), both through the Covered California health insurance exchange and the expansion of Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But millions of others remain uninsured – by circumstance or by choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to half of California’s uninsured population is made up of immigrants who are not in the country legally, and therefore are excluded from health insurance exchanges, tax credits and most Medi-Cal coverage. Others can’t afford coverage (even if it’s subsidized), choose not to buy insurance, or are unaware that they qualify for free or subsidized insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter who they are or what their circumstances, they get sick, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q: I’m uninsured but need medical care. What are my options?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: It’s hard to pin down exactly how many Californians remain uninsured, but Anthony Wright, executive director of Health Access California, believes there are roughly 3 million of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that more than a third of you are actually eligible for coverage, either Medi-Cal or subsidized insurance through Covered California, says Laurel Lucia, an ACA expert at UC Berkeley’s Center for Labor Research and Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So my first piece of advice is perhaps the most important: Find out if you’re eligible for some kind of coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Covered California’s open enrollment season has ended for this year, but Medi-Cal enrollment stays open year-round, and Medi-Cal is free for most people who qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have a specific disease, you may be able to get coverage from state programs such as California Children’s Services and the AIDS Drug Assistance Program, says Daniel Zingale, senior vice president of the California Endowment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, San Francisco, Los Angeles and some other counties offer county-based health benefits for uninsured residents such as Healthy San Francisco and My Health LA, Wright says. Check to see what your county offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t qualify for anything, your health care options will depend largely on three things: Your location, your income and your immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really is a patchwork,” Wright says. “Depending on your county, you may have very different levels of access to care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>County Health Systems\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s counties run a mishmash of health programs. Some operate public hospitals, others contract with private providers and still others run clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your eligibility also varies widely by county, whether we’re talking income or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented in LA County, the county clinics are where you’d go,” Zingale says. That is not the case in 48 of the state’s 58 counties, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check with your county to explore your options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Community Clinics\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Separate from county clinics, California’s roughly 1,100 community health clinics serve about 5.6 million people each year, says Carmela Castellano-Garcia, president and CEO of the California Primary Care Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those, about 2 million are uninsured, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are different types of clinics, but in general clinics provide primary and preventive care regardless of immigration status, and their prices are set on a sliding-fee scale based on income, Castellano-Garcia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Free clinics charge nothing at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much you pay depends on the kind of clinic you go to,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to find a clinic near you? Castellano-Garcia suggests visiting www.CaliforniaHealthPlus.com and using its online clinic locator tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emergency Room/Hospital Care\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law requires emergency rooms to stabilize patients without asking about their immigration status or ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re uninsured, you’ll be responsible for the bills, which can easily climb into the tens of thousands of dollars and wreck your credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want proof? A December report from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau found that medical collections comprise more than half of collection accounts on credit reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are some options. Though unauthorized immigrants are not eligible for full Medi-Cal benefits, they may be eligible for emergency care and pregnancy-related services, based on income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, most hospitals offer financial assistance and “charity care” to patients, also based on income, Wright says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACA offers new protections to consumers who use nonprofit hospitals, such as limiting how much consumers at certain incomes can be billed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California has stronger protections, Wright says. A pre-existing state law requires all hospitals to inform consumers about their rights and financial options, give them 150 days before their bills get sent to collections and limit the amount that uninsured consumers at certain incomes must pay, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health Access and other groups host a website – www.HospitalBillHelp.org – that will help you find discounted or charity care in your area. You can also visit a state-run website to search for similar information: https://syfphr.oshpd.ca.gov/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer groups also support legislation that would address health coverage for the uninsured. For instance, a proposed law (SB 4) would make unauthorized immigrants eligible for Medi-Cal, assuming they meet the program’s criteria, and allow them to buy unsubsidized plans from Covered California with their own money. A similar measure stalled last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Questions for Emily: AskEmily@usc.edu\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The CHCF Center for Health Reporting partners with news organizations to cover California health policy. Located at the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, it is funded by the nonpartisan California HealthCare Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "About 5 million Californians have new health coverage under Covered California, but millions remain uninsured – by circumstance or by choice. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Emily Bazar, \u003ca href=\"http://centerforhealthreporting.org/\" target=\"_blank\">CHCF Center for Health Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24898\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/medi-cal.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24898\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/medi-cal-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"Millions of still Californians remain uninsured, either by choice or immigration status. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Millions of still Californians remain uninsured, either by choice or immigration status. (Getty Images) \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About 5 million Californians have new health coverage as a result of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), both through the Covered California health insurance exchange and the expansion of Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But millions of others remain uninsured – by circumstance or by choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to half of California’s uninsured population is made up of immigrants who are not in the country legally, and therefore are excluded from health insurance exchanges, tax credits and most Medi-Cal coverage. Others can’t afford coverage (even if it’s subsidized), choose not to buy insurance, or are unaware that they qualify for free or subsidized insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter who they are or what their circumstances, they get sick, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q: I’m uninsured but need medical care. What are my options?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: It’s hard to pin down exactly how many Californians remain uninsured, but Anthony Wright, executive director of Health Access California, believes there are roughly 3 million of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that more than a third of you are actually eligible for coverage, either Medi-Cal or subsidized insurance through Covered California, says Laurel Lucia, an ACA expert at UC Berkeley’s Center for Labor Research and Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So my first piece of advice is perhaps the most important: Find out if you’re eligible for some kind of coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Covered California’s open enrollment season has ended for this year, but Medi-Cal enrollment stays open year-round, and Medi-Cal is free for most people who qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have a specific disease, you may be able to get coverage from state programs such as California Children’s Services and the AIDS Drug Assistance Program, says Daniel Zingale, senior vice president of the California Endowment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, San Francisco, Los Angeles and some other counties offer county-based health benefits for uninsured residents such as Healthy San Francisco and My Health LA, Wright says. Check to see what your county offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t qualify for anything, your health care options will depend largely on three things: Your location, your income and your immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really is a patchwork,” Wright says. “Depending on your county, you may have very different levels of access to care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>County Health Systems\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s counties run a mishmash of health programs. Some operate public hospitals, others contract with private providers and still others run clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your eligibility also varies widely by county, whether we’re talking income or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented in LA County, the county clinics are where you’d go,” Zingale says. That is not the case in 48 of the state’s 58 counties, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check with your county to explore your options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Community Clinics\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Separate from county clinics, California’s roughly 1,100 community health clinics serve about 5.6 million people each year, says Carmela Castellano-Garcia, president and CEO of the California Primary Care Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those, about 2 million are uninsured, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are different types of clinics, but in general clinics provide primary and preventive care regardless of immigration status, and their prices are set on a sliding-fee scale based on income, Castellano-Garcia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Free clinics charge nothing at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How much you pay depends on the kind of clinic you go to,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to find a clinic near you? Castellano-Garcia suggests visiting www.CaliforniaHealthPlus.com and using its online clinic locator tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emergency Room/Hospital Care\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law requires emergency rooms to stabilize patients without asking about their immigration status or ability to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re uninsured, you’ll be responsible for the bills, which can easily climb into the tens of thousands of dollars and wreck your credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want proof? A December report from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau found that medical collections comprise more than half of collection accounts on credit reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are some options. Though unauthorized immigrants are not eligible for full Medi-Cal benefits, they may be eligible for emergency care and pregnancy-related services, based on income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, most hospitals offer financial assistance and “charity care” to patients, also based on income, Wright says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACA offers new protections to consumers who use nonprofit hospitals, such as limiting how much consumers at certain incomes can be billed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California has stronger protections, Wright says. A pre-existing state law requires all hospitals to inform consumers about their rights and financial options, give them 150 days before their bills get sent to collections and limit the amount that uninsured consumers at certain incomes must pay, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health Access and other groups host a website – www.HospitalBillHelp.org – that will help you find discounted or charity care in your area. You can also visit a state-run website to search for similar information: https://syfphr.oshpd.ca.gov/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer groups also support legislation that would address health coverage for the uninsured. For instance, a proposed law (SB 4) would make unauthorized immigrants eligible for Medi-Cal, assuming they meet the program’s criteria, and allow them to buy unsubsidized plans from Covered California with their own money. A similar measure stalled last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Questions for Emily: AskEmily@usc.edu\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The CHCF Center for Health Reporting partners with news organizations to cover California health policy. Located at the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, it is funded by the nonpartisan California HealthCare Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Planning On Getting An Annual Physical Exam? Maybe You Shouldn't",
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"content": "\u003cp>By Jenny Gold, \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/ritual-not-science-keeps-the-annual-physical-alive/\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24874\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/doc-checkup1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24874\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/doc-checkup1-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"The Society for General Internal Medicine even put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Society for General Internal Medicine put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s a warm afternoon in Miami, and 35-year-old Emanuel Vega has come to Baptist Health Primary Care in Miami.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vega, a strapping man with a thick black beard, is feeling good, but he came to see the doctor today because his wife thought he should – she even made the appointment. It is free to him under his insurance policy with no co-pay, as most preventive care is under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I would argue that we should move forward with the elimination of the annual physical.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Vega is one of more than 44 million Americans who is taking part in a medical ritual: visiting the doctor for an annual physical exam. But there’s little evidence that those visits actually do any good for healthy adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caruso listens to Vega’s heart and lungs, checks his pulse in his ankles and feels around his lymph nodes. He also asks Vega about his exercise and sleeping schedule and orders blood and urine tests. As long as everything checks out, Caruso asks Vega to return for another exam in a year. Vega says he definitely will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a positive experience for both doctor and patient, and they’re not alone; 92 percent of Americans say it is important to get an annual head-to-toe physical exam, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation poll (KHN is an editorially independent program of the foundation). And 62 percent of those polled said they went to the doctor every year for their exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"related\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">But the evidence is not on their side. “I would argue that we should move forward with the elimination of the annual physical,” says Dr. Ateev Mehrotra, a primary care physician and a professor of health policy at Harvard Medical School.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">Mehrotra says patients should really only go to the doctor if something is wrong, or if it’s time to have an important preventive test like a colonoscopy. He realizes popular opinion is against this view. “When I, as a doctor, say I do not advocate for the annual physical, I feel like I’m attacking moms and apple pie,” Mehrotra says. “It seems so intuitive and straightforward, and [it’s] something that’s been part of medicine for such a long time.”\u003c/div>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But he says randomized trials going back to the 1980s just don’t support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Society for General Internal Medicine even put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. One problem, Mehrotra says, is the cost. Each visit usually costs insurers just $150, but that adds up fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We estimate that it’s about $10 billion a year, which is more than how much we spend as a society on breast cancer care,” Mehrotra says. “It’s all a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Mehrotra says patients should really only go to the doctor if something is wrong, or if it’s time to have an important preventive test like a colonoscopy.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the risk that a doctor will run a test and find a problem that’s not actually there. It’s called a false positive, and it can lead to a cascade of follow-up tests that can be expensive and could even cause real harm. Dr. Michael Rothberg is another primary care physician and a health researcher at the Cleveland Clinic. He generally avoids giving physicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I generally don’t like to frighten people and I don’t like to give them diseases they don’t have,” Rothberg says. “I mostly tell my family, ‘if you’re feeling well, stay away from doctors. If you get near them, they’ll start to look for things and order tests because that’s what doctors do.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The flip side of that is if you’re not feeling well, don’t keep it to yourself. Don’t minimize it. Don’t pretend it’s not there,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothberg says he still has patients who always schedule an annual exam. For those patients, he skips the physical aspects of the exam and focuses instead on talking to them about their dietary and exercise habits, possible risks, age-appropriate vaccinations and any screening tests they may need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines discouraging annual physicals are aimed specifically at asymptomatic adults. Dr. David Fleming, president of the American College of Physicians, says it’s important for elderly patients to be seen on a regular basis, to “do a full assessment of everything – how they live at home, if the conditions are safe, are they at risk of falling? They need a flu shots every year. This is a population where it’s definitely indicated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Miami, Caruso is also well versed in the research on annual physicals, but he still believes in them. “I think having a look at somebody is worth its weight in gold,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an important part of developing a relationship with a patient, he says, and there have been countless times when he’s found real problems during an exam just like the one he gave to Vega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if Mr. Vega had had a lump or bump that wasn’t right?” Caruso asks. “What if when he had his shirt off, Mr. Vega said, ‘Oh yeah, I forgot to mention this spot on my chest,’ and it ended up being a melanoma we discovered early?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vega did end up needing a little help – he has a bad back that’s landed him in the ER several times. Caruso was able to link him up with a back specialist to help him manage the problem.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By Jenny Gold, \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/ritual-not-science-keeps-the-annual-physical-alive/\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24874\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/doc-checkup1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24874\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/04/doc-checkup1-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"The Society for General Internal Medicine even put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Society for General Internal Medicine put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s a warm afternoon in Miami, and 35-year-old Emanuel Vega has come to Baptist Health Primary Care in Miami.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vega, a strapping man with a thick black beard, is feeling good, but he came to see the doctor today because his wife thought he should – she even made the appointment. It is free to him under his insurance policy with no co-pay, as most preventive care is under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I would argue that we should move forward with the elimination of the annual physical.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Vega is one of more than 44 million Americans who is taking part in a medical ritual: visiting the doctor for an annual physical exam. But there’s little evidence that those visits actually do any good for healthy adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caruso listens to Vega’s heart and lungs, checks his pulse in his ankles and feels around his lymph nodes. He also asks Vega about his exercise and sleeping schedule and orders blood and urine tests. As long as everything checks out, Caruso asks Vega to return for another exam in a year. Vega says he definitely will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a positive experience for both doctor and patient, and they’re not alone; 92 percent of Americans say it is important to get an annual head-to-toe physical exam, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation poll (KHN is an editorially independent program of the foundation). And 62 percent of those polled said they went to the doctor every year for their exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"related\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">But the evidence is not on their side. “I would argue that we should move forward with the elimination of the annual physical,” says Dr. Ateev Mehrotra, a primary care physician and a professor of health policy at Harvard Medical School.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"related-content\">Mehrotra says patients should really only go to the doctor if something is wrong, or if it’s time to have an important preventive test like a colonoscopy. He realizes popular opinion is against this view. “When I, as a doctor, say I do not advocate for the annual physical, I feel like I’m attacking moms and apple pie,” Mehrotra says. “It seems so intuitive and straightforward, and [it’s] something that’s been part of medicine for such a long time.”\u003c/div>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But he says randomized trials going back to the 1980s just don’t support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Society for General Internal Medicine even put annual physicals on a list of things doctors should avoid for healthy adults. One problem, Mehrotra says, is the cost. Each visit usually costs insurers just $150, but that adds up fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We estimate that it’s about $10 billion a year, which is more than how much we spend as a society on breast cancer care,” Mehrotra says. “It’s all a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Mehrotra says patients should really only go to the doctor if something is wrong, or if it’s time to have an important preventive test like a colonoscopy.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the risk that a doctor will run a test and find a problem that’s not actually there. It’s called a false positive, and it can lead to a cascade of follow-up tests that can be expensive and could even cause real harm. Dr. Michael Rothberg is another primary care physician and a health researcher at the Cleveland Clinic. He generally avoids giving physicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I generally don’t like to frighten people and I don’t like to give them diseases they don’t have,” Rothberg says. “I mostly tell my family, ‘if you’re feeling well, stay away from doctors. If you get near them, they’ll start to look for things and order tests because that’s what doctors do.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The flip side of that is if you’re not feeling well, don’t keep it to yourself. Don’t minimize it. Don’t pretend it’s not there,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothberg says he still has patients who always schedule an annual exam. For those patients, he skips the physical aspects of the exam and focuses instead on talking to them about their dietary and exercise habits, possible risks, age-appropriate vaccinations and any screening tests they may need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines discouraging annual physicals are aimed specifically at asymptomatic adults. Dr. David Fleming, president of the American College of Physicians, says it’s important for elderly patients to be seen on a regular basis, to “do a full assessment of everything – how they live at home, if the conditions are safe, are they at risk of falling? They need a flu shots every year. This is a population where it’s definitely indicated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Miami, Caruso is also well versed in the research on annual physicals, but he still believes in them. “I think having a look at somebody is worth its weight in gold,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an important part of developing a relationship with a patient, he says, and there have been countless times when he’s found real problems during an exam just like the one he gave to Vega.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if Mr. Vega had had a lump or bump that wasn’t right?” Caruso asks. “What if when he had his shirt off, Mr. Vega said, ‘Oh yeah, I forgot to mention this spot on my chest,’ and it ended up being a melanoma we discovered early?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vega did end up needing a little help – he has a bad back that’s landed him in the ER several times. Caruso was able to link him up with a back specialist to help him manage the problem.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Frontline aired an updated version of its 2008 documentary \u003ca title=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/\" href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/\" target=\"_blank\">The Vaccine War\u003c/a> on Tuesday night. The film dives deep into the debate over vaccines. While the overwhelming majority of parents vaccinate their children, a small but growing minority either under-vaccinate their children or refuse vaccines altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has taken a new turn in the wake of the measles outbreak which started in Disneyland in December. Public health officials believe a still-unknown person infected with measles visited the park and spread it to others. As the outbreak took hold, a new front in the debate grew: that of people who are immune-compromised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State of Health \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" target=\"_blank\">first told the story of Carl Krawitt\u003c/a> the father of 7-year-old Rhett who was diagnosed with leukemia when he was two and a half. Because of the treatments Rhett underwent to fight his disease, prior vaccine protection was wiped out, and he had to wait until he had been in remission for a year \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/02/13/parents-relieved-as-son-gets-first-post-leukemia-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/02/13/parents-relieved-as-son-gets-first-post-leukemia-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">before his vaccines could begin again\u003c/a>. The Krawitt family has been arguing that those unvaccinated by choice should not be able to attend public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frontline producers told the story of Rhett's family in The Vaccine War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, it's your turn. On Wednesday (March 25) at noon PT, Frontline is hosting a live chat, and I'm honored to be the moderator. 'Vaccine War' producer and director Kate McMahon will take your questions, along with Carl Krawitt, and Dr. Arthur Reingold, Head of Epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feel free to leave a question now and please join us at noon for the chat!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://wwwssl.coveritlive.com/embed.html?altcastCode=0fc95ef8b6&srcdom=www.coveritlive.com&srcdomsec=wwwssl.coveritlive.com&height=550&entryLoc=top&commentLoc=top&titlePage=off&replayContentOrder=chronological&embedType=stream&titleImage=%2Ftemplates%2Fcoveritlive%2Fimages%2FbuildPage%2FNewsImage.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;height:550px\" height=\"550px\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Frontline aired an updated version of its 2008 documentary \u003ca title=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/\" href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/\" target=\"_blank\">The Vaccine War\u003c/a> on Tuesday night. The film dives deep into the debate over vaccines. While the overwhelming majority of parents vaccinate their children, a small but growing minority either under-vaccinate their children or refuse vaccines altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has taken a new turn in the wake of the measles outbreak which started in Disneyland in December. Public health officials believe a still-unknown person infected with measles visited the park and spread it to others. As the outbreak took hold, a new front in the debate grew: that of people who are immune-compromised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State of Health \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" target=\"_blank\">first told the story of Carl Krawitt\u003c/a> the father of 7-year-old Rhett who was diagnosed with leukemia when he was two and a half. Because of the treatments Rhett underwent to fight his disease, prior vaccine protection was wiped out, and he had to wait until he had been in remission for a year \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/02/13/parents-relieved-as-son-gets-first-post-leukemia-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/02/13/parents-relieved-as-son-gets-first-post-leukemia-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">before his vaccines could begin again\u003c/a>. The Krawitt family has been arguing that those unvaccinated by choice should not be able to attend public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frontline producers told the story of Rhett's family in The Vaccine War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, it's your turn. On Wednesday (March 25) at noon PT, Frontline is hosting a live chat, and I'm honored to be the moderator. 'Vaccine War' producer and director Kate McMahon will take your questions, along with Carl Krawitt, and Dr. Arthur Reingold, Head of Epidemiology at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feel free to leave a question now and please join us at noon for the chat!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://wwwssl.coveritlive.com/embed.html?altcastCode=0fc95ef8b6&srcdom=www.coveritlive.com&srcdomsec=wwwssl.coveritlive.com&height=550&entryLoc=top&commentLoc=top&titlePage=off&replayContentOrder=chronological&embedType=stream&titleImage=%2Ftemplates%2Fcoveritlive%2Fimages%2FbuildPage%2FNewsImage.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;height:550px\" height=\"550px\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Depression Takes Growing Toll on American Workplace",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/03/iStock_000051802834_Large-e1427130549474.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24660\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/03/iStock_000051802834_Large-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Lisa Gillespie,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/depression-related-ailments-take-their-toll-on-the-workplace-study-finds/\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/depression-related-ailments-take-their-toll-on-the-workplace-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For every dollar spent on treating depression, nearly five dollars more is spent on related medical conditions like back and chest pain, sleep disorders and migraines. Depression can also lead to lost productivity, placing a greater financial burden on businesses and the health care system, \u003ca title=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" href=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">according to new research\u003c/a> measuring the economic impact of depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Average worker with major depression loses the productivity of 32 days a year.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they’re finding such greater costs with all these different [related conditions] underscores how the fragmented system is not helpful for our economy because people with mental illness are not getting the rounded health care they need,” said Lynn Bufka, with the American Psychological Association, who was not affiliated with the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total cost to the U.S. economy of major depressive disorder rose to $210 billion in 2010, up more than 20 percent from $173 billion in 2008.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of that is for direct treatment and suicide-related services, but the rest is workplace costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rise is partially accounted for by the increase in population, but also because depression is being diagnosed and treated more often. The incidence of major depressive disorder rose during this time period from 6.4 percent of the population to 6.8 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, some of this growth might have been caused by the nation’s 2008 economic downturn and tight job market, factors that combined to make it harder for those suffering from depression to retain their jobs and even more difficult for those with this condition who are job seekers to find work, according to Paul Greenberg, a study author and director of health economics at the Analysis Group, a consulting firm in Boston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the study also examined how depression plays out in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health experts and economists have long known that someone’s depression can have a significant cost on the workplace, Greenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the study found that the average worker who had major depression disorder lost the productivity of about 32 workdays a year due to what’s known as “\u003ca title=\"https://hbr.org/2004/10/presenteeism-at-work-but-out-of-it\" href=\"https://hbr.org/2004/10/presenteeism-at-work-but-out-of-it\" target=\"_blank\">presenteeism\u003c/a>.” That is a term for when an employee is at work but not complet\u003cstrong>i\u003c/strong>ng daily tasks and responsibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that, though this loss in productivity highlights the economic toll mental health issues have on the work place, small and medium-sized employers may not have the knowledge or tools to improve the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While employers suspect depression will lead to greater absenteeism, I’m not sure they know how to judge what effect it’s having on their business,” said Paul Gionfriddo, president of Mental Health America, an advocacy group. “It’s really hard for businesses that are small to medium that account for so much employment to say, ‘this is why this guy is less productive and here’s what I can do about it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Expansion of Health Coverage May Help\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenberg said, though, that changes in health coverage may alter this landscape. For example, more people gaining health care coverage through the health law and other efforts to integrate mental and medical care could provide more care for people with depression and lessen the workplace burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Roca, chairman of the American Psychiatric Association’s council on geriatric psychiatry, says the gradual integration of mental health care into primary care means more people may be diagnosed early and treated. “The ACA sets the stage for this kind of integration effort, and I’m optimistic that we’ll see benefit down the road,” said Roca, who was not affiliated with this study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" href=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">research was published \u003c/a>in the February edition of the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry and used data from adults 18 to 64 diagnosed with major depressive disorder in 2005 or 2010 from an OptumHealth claims database and from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/03/iStock_000051802834_Large-e1427130549474.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-24660\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/03/iStock_000051802834_Large-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Lisa Gillespie,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/depression-related-ailments-take-their-toll-on-the-workplace-study-finds/\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/depression-related-ailments-take-their-toll-on-the-workplace-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For every dollar spent on treating depression, nearly five dollars more is spent on related medical conditions like back and chest pain, sleep disorders and migraines. Depression can also lead to lost productivity, placing a greater financial burden on businesses and the health care system, \u003ca title=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" href=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">according to new research\u003c/a> measuring the economic impact of depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Average worker with major depression loses the productivity of 32 days a year.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they’re finding such greater costs with all these different [related conditions] underscores how the fragmented system is not helpful for our economy because people with mental illness are not getting the rounded health care they need,” said Lynn Bufka, with the American Psychological Association, who was not affiliated with the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total cost to the U.S. economy of major depressive disorder rose to $210 billion in 2010, up more than 20 percent from $173 billion in 2008.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of that is for direct treatment and suicide-related services, but the rest is workplace costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rise is partially accounted for by the increase in population, but also because depression is being diagnosed and treated more often. The incidence of major depressive disorder rose during this time period from 6.4 percent of the population to 6.8 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, some of this growth might have been caused by the nation’s 2008 economic downturn and tight job market, factors that combined to make it harder for those suffering from depression to retain their jobs and even more difficult for those with this condition who are job seekers to find work, according to Paul Greenberg, a study author and director of health economics at the Analysis Group, a consulting firm in Boston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the study also examined how depression plays out in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health experts and economists have long known that someone’s depression can have a significant cost on the workplace, Greenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the study found that the average worker who had major depression disorder lost the productivity of about 32 workdays a year due to what’s known as “\u003ca title=\"https://hbr.org/2004/10/presenteeism-at-work-but-out-of-it\" href=\"https://hbr.org/2004/10/presenteeism-at-work-but-out-of-it\" target=\"_blank\">presenteeism\u003c/a>.” That is a term for when an employee is at work but not complet\u003cstrong>i\u003c/strong>ng daily tasks and responsibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say that, though this loss in productivity highlights the economic toll mental health issues have on the work place, small and medium-sized employers may not have the knowledge or tools to improve the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While employers suspect depression will lead to greater absenteeism, I’m not sure they know how to judge what effect it’s having on their business,” said Paul Gionfriddo, president of Mental Health America, an advocacy group. “It’s really hard for businesses that are small to medium that account for so much employment to say, ‘this is why this guy is less productive and here’s what I can do about it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Expansion of Health Coverage May Help\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenberg said, though, that changes in health coverage may alter this landscape. For example, more people gaining health care coverage through the health law and other efforts to integrate mental and medical care could provide more care for people with depression and lessen the workplace burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Roca, chairman of the American Psychiatric Association’s council on geriatric psychiatry, says the gradual integration of mental health care into primary care means more people may be diagnosed early and treated. “The ACA sets the stage for this kind of integration effort, and I’m optimistic that we’ll see benefit down the road,” said Roca, who was not affiliated with this study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" href=\"http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/Pages/2015/v76n02/v76n0204.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">research was published \u003c/a>in the February edition of the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry and used data from adults 18 to 64 diagnosed with major depressive disorder in 2005 or 2010 from an OptumHealth claims database and from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
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