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Now, the city is set to move ahead with plans to ban all car traffic on the Upper Great Highway between Lincoln Way and Sloat Boulevard.[aside label=\"Live 2024 Election Results\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco,San Francisco: Stay informed with the latest results for elected leaders and measures passed' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/10/Aside-Results-Local-Elections-San-Francisco-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A section of the highway farther south is already slated to close in early 2025 because of erosion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aside from the mayor’s race, Proposition K was one of the most contentious election fights in San Francisco this year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">District 4 Supervisor Joel Engardio, who cosponsored Proposition K, celebrated Thursday, writing on his \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://engardio.com/blog/great-highway-future\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">website\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the city could address potential issues the highway closure may cause with road improvements, such as replacing stop signs with traffic lights along streets like Lincoln Way.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proposition K’s apparent passage is a big step toward turning the road into park space. Emergency vehicles will still have access to the road, which is currently open to car traffic on weekdays and closed on weekends. San Francisco closed the Upper Great Highway to car traffic during a COVID-19 pandemic-era pilot program, allowing people to bicycle, skate, walk and listen to live music performances along the historic road.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco-based politicians, including Mayor London Breed, state Sen. Scott Wiener and House Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi, supported the proposition. Three of the candidates who challenged Breed for her seat — Daniel Lurie, Aaron Peskin and Mark Farrell — opposed it. District 1 Supervisor Connie Chan, representing the Richmond District, also opposed the ballot measure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The San Francisco Estuary Institute published an October \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12009607/turning-sfs-great-highway-park-major-ecological-benefits-report-says\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> detailing three future scenarios for the highway: banning cars, maintaining the status quo, or returning cars altogether. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“While all planning scenarios for the Great Highway present some opportunities to enhance or protect ecosystem health, closing the roadway to cars entirely has the greatest and most immediate ecological benefits,” the report said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The road closure would benefit the area by rehabilitating dunes \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">as a buffer against sea level rise\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A section of the highway farther south is already slated to close in early 2025 because of erosion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aside from the mayor’s race, Proposition K was one of the most contentious election fights in San Francisco this year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">District 4 Supervisor Joel Engardio, who cosponsored Proposition K, celebrated Thursday, writing on his \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://engardio.com/blog/great-highway-future\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">website\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the city could address potential issues the highway closure may cause with road improvements, such as replacing stop signs with traffic lights along streets like Lincoln Way.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proposition K’s apparent passage is a big step toward turning the road into park space. Emergency vehicles will still have access to the road, which is currently open to car traffic on weekdays and closed on weekends. San Francisco closed the Upper Great Highway to car traffic during a COVID-19 pandemic-era pilot program, allowing people to bicycle, skate, walk and listen to live music performances along the historic road.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco-based politicians, including Mayor London Breed, state Sen. Scott Wiener and House Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi, supported the proposition. Three of the candidates who challenged Breed for her seat — Daniel Lurie, Aaron Peskin and Mark Farrell — opposed it. District 1 Supervisor Connie Chan, representing the Richmond District, also opposed the ballot measure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The San Francisco Estuary Institute published an October \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12009607/turning-sfs-great-highway-park-major-ecological-benefits-report-says\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> detailing three future scenarios for the highway: banning cars, maintaining the status quo, or returning cars altogether. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“While all planning scenarios for the Great Highway present some opportunities to enhance or protect ecosystem health, closing the roadway to cars entirely has the greatest and most immediate ecological benefits,” the report said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The road closure would benefit the area by rehabilitating dunes \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">as a buffer against sea level rise\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. However, opponents claim that permanently closing it will increase traffic and congestion in nearby neighborhoods. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Closing this road would permanently push vehicles onto adjacent neighborhood streets, bringing noise, traffic snarls and potential accidents,” said Richie Greenberg, who wrote the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://richiegreenberg.org/ugh.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">opposition argument against Proposition K\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tens of thousands of Californians could lose power on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">Election Day\u003c/a> due to dangerous fire conditions this week, according to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">public safety power shut-offs\u003c/a>, which could affect 15,000 customers in 17 counties, are scheduled to start at 7 p.m. Tuesday to protect power at polling locations. Just one could be affected by the planned outages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E has been taking proactive measures to ensure the reliability of service to key election facilities and is working with state and local election officials in preparation for Tuesday’s elections,” the company said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/newsroom/currents/safety/pg-e-calls-for-public-safety-power-shutoff.html\">statement\u003c/a> on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low relative humidity and gusty winds are expected to sweep across the state Tuesday night, increasing the likelihood of fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area will be at low risk due to early fall rain, according to Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at UCLA. Still, much of the region will be under a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/NWSBayArea/status/1853395160652304771\">red flag warning\u003c/a> from the National Weather Service from midday Tuesday through Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-elevation areas in Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, Santa Clara, Solano and Sonoma counties are at risk of power outages. The Santa Cruz Mountains and other high wildfire-risk areas through Butte County could also see shut-offs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Conditions will still be quite windy with low humidity for an extended period this week, [so] there may still be some fires (especially in grassland settings),” Swain wrote in his “\u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/archives/43099\">Weather West\u003c/a>” blog on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"2024 Bay Area Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/bayarea,Learn about every single race and measure across the nine Bay Area counties' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/02/Aside-Bay-Area-Voter-Guide-2024-Primary-Election-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Areas that have gotten at least a half inch of rain so far this fall should be in good shape, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brush and vegetation in the central and southern regions of the state — where there has not been significant precipitation — will be more heavily affected. There, brush and vegetation are becoming increasingly dry after spring and summer heat, making them more susceptible to fast-spreading blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PG&E shut-offs are being planned in part to protect voting and vote tabulation centers across the state during Tuesday’s election, the utility said in its statement on Sunday. Only one of California’s 7,000 polling places in PG&E’s service area is within a potential shut-off zone, it said. Calpine Geothermal Visitor Center in Lake County could lose power as early as 9:30 p.m., an hour and a half after polls close, though the utility said it is ensuring backup power generation is available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the 48 tabulation centers in PG&E’s service area are expected to experience shut-offs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, a second — likely stronger — weather system is expected across the state. It could cause windier conditions in the north and a moderate to strong Santa Ana wind event in the south. Conditions in the Bay Area will likely stay “below extreme levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E said its planned outages could continue in some areas through Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As dry, windy weather raises the risk of fires, PG&E plans to cut power in 17 counties. Only one voting location is expected to be affected, it said, after polls close.",
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"title": "California Fire Danger Could Cause PG&E Power Outages on Election Night | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tens of thousands of Californians could lose power on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">Election Day\u003c/a> due to dangerous fire conditions this week, according to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">public safety power shut-offs\u003c/a>, which could affect 15,000 customers in 17 counties, are scheduled to start at 7 p.m. Tuesday to protect power at polling locations. Just one could be affected by the planned outages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E has been taking proactive measures to ensure the reliability of service to key election facilities and is working with state and local election officials in preparation for Tuesday’s elections,” the company said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en/newsroom/currents/safety/pg-e-calls-for-public-safety-power-shutoff.html\">statement\u003c/a> on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low relative humidity and gusty winds are expected to sweep across the state Tuesday night, increasing the likelihood of fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area will be at low risk due to early fall rain, according to Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at UCLA. Still, much of the region will be under a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/NWSBayArea/status/1853395160652304771\">red flag warning\u003c/a> from the National Weather Service from midday Tuesday through Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-elevation areas in Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, Santa Clara, Solano and Sonoma counties are at risk of power outages. The Santa Cruz Mountains and other high wildfire-risk areas through Butte County could also see shut-offs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Conditions will still be quite windy with low humidity for an extended period this week, [so] there may still be some fires (especially in grassland settings),” Swain wrote in his “\u003ca href=\"https://weatherwest.com/archives/43099\">Weather West\u003c/a>” blog on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Areas that have gotten at least a half inch of rain so far this fall should be in good shape, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brush and vegetation in the central and southern regions of the state — where there has not been significant precipitation — will be more heavily affected. There, brush and vegetation are becoming increasingly dry after spring and summer heat, making them more susceptible to fast-spreading blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PG&E shut-offs are being planned in part to protect voting and vote tabulation centers across the state during Tuesday’s election, the utility said in its statement on Sunday. Only one of California’s 7,000 polling places in PG&E’s service area is within a potential shut-off zone, it said. Calpine Geothermal Visitor Center in Lake County could lose power as early as 9:30 p.m., an hour and a half after polls close, though the utility said it is ensuring backup power generation is available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the 48 tabulation centers in PG&E’s service area are expected to experience shut-offs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, a second — likely stronger — weather system is expected across the state. It could cause windier conditions in the north and a moderate to strong Santa Ana wind event in the south. Conditions in the Bay Area will likely stay “below extreme levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E said its planned outages could continue in some areas through Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Forest Service Halts Prescribed Burns in California. Is It Worth the Risk?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>[Jan. 10:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>This story was published in October. KQED followed up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021125/la-fires-renew-debate-over-prescribed-burns-and-fire-preparedness-in-california\">more reporting on prescribed burns\u003c/a> and why they likely would not have prevented January’s wildfires in Los Angeles\u003c/strong>.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Forest Service directed its employees in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> to stop prescribed burning “for the foreseeable future,” a directive that officials said is meant to preserve staff and equipment to fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pause comes amid the crucial fall window for planned, controlled burns, which remove fuel and can protect homes from future wildfires — raising concerns that the move will increase long-term fire risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two times in the year when it’s safe to do prescribed fire: in the fall right before the rains come, and in the spring when things are dry enough to burn but not dry enough to burn it in a dangerous way,” said Michael Wara, energy and climate expert at Stanford University. He worries half of the prescribed fire season on federal lands will be sacrificed because of this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a risk aversion here that’s really damaging. The reality is, if there are mistakes on prescribed fires, people are likely to face consequences, even when those mistakes turn out to be positive,” Wara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to the Caples fire, which started as an escaped prescribed burn in 2019 but then \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/good-fire-project-protects-caples-watershed-from-caldor-fire/\">protected the community of Kirkwood\u003c/a>, near Tahoe, from the Caldor fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Forest Service is worried about the risk of something bad happening [with a prescribed burn]. And they’re willing to trade that risk — which they will be blamed for — for increased risks on wildfires,” Wara said. In the event of a wildfire, “if something bad happens, they’re much less likely to be blamed because they can point the finger at Mother Nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977052\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cut stumps in the forest near South Lake Tahoe show where preventative forest thinning took place before the Caldor Fire burned the area. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Forest Service spokesperson said that while the agency wanted to return to burning as soon as feasible, too many California-based crews were away fighting wildfires in other parts of the country to safely implement prescribed fire within the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping it’s a very temporary blip here. We just don’t have great climatic conditions right now,” said Adrienne Freeman, Region 5 public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not uncommon, nor especially disruptive, for individual planned burns to be put on pause due to weather conditions or lack of available resources, a blanket prohibition puts the stops on all federal work around the state. For some observers, that’s frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a reminder that year after year, the Forest Service shuts down their prescribed fire program during really good burn windows,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, director of the University of California Ag and Natural Resources Fire Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994867 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/image.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, everyone is burning, except for the feds right now. I’m looking around at my fire friends — the state is burning, the tribes are burning, the prescribed burn associations are burning. And we haven’t seen much from the federal agencies burning. And then to get this notice just seems almost laughable in the face of seeing what’s going on in the private sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long term, the risks to communities are much worse if we don’t see prescribed fire on the ground, Quinn-Davidson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example of the effectiveness of prescribed fire in protecting communities, Wara pointed to the burn done by Forest Service crews in the San Bernardino National Forest just five months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.vvdailypress.com/story/news/local/2024/10/20/preventative-efforts-helped-save-angelus-oaks-from-the-line-fire/75766982007/\">the Line Fire\u003c/a>, which threatened the community of Angelus Oaks last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a post on Facebook this week, the Forest Service said that the burn “created a fuel break that helped slow the fire’s intensity.” With the work of fire crews, the Line Fire “never crossed any of the fuel breaks,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last week, it appeared that prescribed burning was forecast to go ahead as normal on federal land. On Oct. 16, the Forest Service Region 5, covering California and Hawaii, posted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/news-events/?cid=FSEPRD1210479\">press release\u003c/a> on its website titled “U.S. Forest Service Poised to Start Fall Prescribed Burning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976585\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976585\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter lights a prescribed burn in Humboldt County to reduce the underbrush without killing trees.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prescribed burns, like this one in Humboldt County, California, reduce the underbrush without destroying trees. \u003ccite>(Lenya Quinn-Davidson/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We set a record for number of prescribed acres burned last year, and we will continue to lead the way in accomplishing this important work,” Pacific Southwest Region Fire Director Jaime Gamboa said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, conditions don’t seem to have lined up with what the federal agency was expecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12010708 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/004_BoulderCreek_BigBasinRedwoods_08172021_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all expected a little more moisture last week,” Freeman said, noting that, with longer night hours, conditions for safe intentional burns were increasing while conditions for wildfires were decreasing. “We’re going to start to see that change. And everybody’s goal is to get on these [prescribed burn] projects just as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter to employees dated Oct. 22, Deputy Regional Forester Kara Chadwick acknowledged this pause would affect accomplishments for the year but said, “The reality is that our national response capability is facing significant pressure for this time of year. Many of our resources are on emergency response outside the Region. We have a drawdown in resources both within and outside of the Region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service emphasizes that its staff and equipment are shared nationally when needed. However, some prescribed fire advocates feel that cautious safeguarding means the agency will never be able to escape focusing on suppression in exchange for being proactive on forest resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re backed into a corner, but they’ve backed themselves into a corner,” Quinn-Davidson said. “They’re not leading, and it seems like they’re not capable of leading on prescribed fire, given the nature of politics and how they do business — always choosing short-term risk over long-term vision and strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She calls for a rethinking of how prescribed burns can be applied on federal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Forest Service is consistently not able to do the work, how can we lean on local resources — tribes and prescribed burn associations, for example — to get that work done?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Pausing the beneficial burns to keep crews available for wildfires merely delays and exacerbates fire risk to communities, critics say.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>[Jan. 10:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>This story was published in October. KQED followed up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021125/la-fires-renew-debate-over-prescribed-burns-and-fire-preparedness-in-california\">more reporting on prescribed burns\u003c/a> and why they likely would not have prevented January’s wildfires in Los Angeles\u003c/strong>.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Forest Service directed its employees in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> to stop prescribed burning “for the foreseeable future,” a directive that officials said is meant to preserve staff and equipment to fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pause comes amid the crucial fall window for planned, controlled burns, which remove fuel and can protect homes from future wildfires — raising concerns that the move will increase long-term fire risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two times in the year when it’s safe to do prescribed fire: in the fall right before the rains come, and in the spring when things are dry enough to burn but not dry enough to burn it in a dangerous way,” said Michael Wara, energy and climate expert at Stanford University. He worries half of the prescribed fire season on federal lands will be sacrificed because of this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a risk aversion here that’s really damaging. The reality is, if there are mistakes on prescribed fires, people are likely to face consequences, even when those mistakes turn out to be positive,” Wara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to the Caples fire, which started as an escaped prescribed burn in 2019 but then \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/good-fire-project-protects-caples-watershed-from-caldor-fire/\">protected the community of Kirkwood\u003c/a>, near Tahoe, from the Caldor fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Forest Service is worried about the risk of something bad happening [with a prescribed burn]. And they’re willing to trade that risk — which they will be blamed for — for increased risks on wildfires,” Wara said. In the event of a wildfire, “if something bad happens, they’re much less likely to be blamed because they can point the finger at Mother Nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977052\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cut stumps in the forest near South Lake Tahoe show where preventative forest thinning took place before the Caldor Fire burned the area. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Forest Service spokesperson said that while the agency wanted to return to burning as soon as feasible, too many California-based crews were away fighting wildfires in other parts of the country to safely implement prescribed fire within the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping it’s a very temporary blip here. We just don’t have great climatic conditions right now,” said Adrienne Freeman, Region 5 public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not uncommon, nor especially disruptive, for individual planned burns to be put on pause due to weather conditions or lack of available resources, a blanket prohibition puts the stops on all federal work around the state. For some observers, that’s frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a reminder that year after year, the Forest Service shuts down their prescribed fire program during really good burn windows,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, director of the University of California Ag and Natural Resources Fire Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, everyone is burning, except for the feds right now. I’m looking around at my fire friends — the state is burning, the tribes are burning, the prescribed burn associations are burning. And we haven’t seen much from the federal agencies burning. And then to get this notice just seems almost laughable in the face of seeing what’s going on in the private sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long term, the risks to communities are much worse if we don’t see prescribed fire on the ground, Quinn-Davidson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example of the effectiveness of prescribed fire in protecting communities, Wara pointed to the burn done by Forest Service crews in the San Bernardino National Forest just five months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.vvdailypress.com/story/news/local/2024/10/20/preventative-efforts-helped-save-angelus-oaks-from-the-line-fire/75766982007/\">the Line Fire\u003c/a>, which threatened the community of Angelus Oaks last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a post on Facebook this week, the Forest Service said that the burn “created a fuel break that helped slow the fire’s intensity.” With the work of fire crews, the Line Fire “never crossed any of the fuel breaks,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last week, it appeared that prescribed burning was forecast to go ahead as normal on federal land. On Oct. 16, the Forest Service Region 5, covering California and Hawaii, posted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/news-events/?cid=FSEPRD1210479\">press release\u003c/a> on its website titled “U.S. Forest Service Poised to Start Fall Prescribed Burning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976585\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976585\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter lights a prescribed burn in Humboldt County to reduce the underbrush without killing trees.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prescribed burns, like this one in Humboldt County, California, reduce the underbrush without destroying trees. \u003ccite>(Lenya Quinn-Davidson/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We set a record for number of prescribed acres burned last year, and we will continue to lead the way in accomplishing this important work,” Pacific Southwest Region Fire Director Jaime Gamboa said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, conditions don’t seem to have lined up with what the federal agency was expecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all expected a little more moisture last week,” Freeman said, noting that, with longer night hours, conditions for safe intentional burns were increasing while conditions for wildfires were decreasing. “We’re going to start to see that change. And everybody’s goal is to get on these [prescribed burn] projects just as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter to employees dated Oct. 22, Deputy Regional Forester Kara Chadwick acknowledged this pause would affect accomplishments for the year but said, “The reality is that our national response capability is facing significant pressure for this time of year. Many of our resources are on emergency response outside the Region. We have a drawdown in resources both within and outside of the Region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service emphasizes that its staff and equipment are shared nationally when needed. However, some prescribed fire advocates feel that cautious safeguarding means the agency will never be able to escape focusing on suppression in exchange for being proactive on forest resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re backed into a corner, but they’ve backed themselves into a corner,” Quinn-Davidson said. “They’re not leading, and it seems like they’re not capable of leading on prescribed fire, given the nature of politics and how they do business — always choosing short-term risk over long-term vision and strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She calls for a rethinking of how prescribed burns can be applied on federal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Forest Service is consistently not able to do the work, how can we lean on local resources — tribes and prescribed burn associations, for example — to get that work done?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1993898/california-needs-to-pull-carbon-from-the-air-to-meet-climate-goals-this-bill-promises-a-plan\">Removing carbon dioxide from the air\u003c/a> has become an essential part of the world’s battle against human-caused climate change. California alone will need to capture or remove about \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">100 million tons\u003c/a> of carbon dioxide each year — roughly equivalent to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">the pollution created by 250 gas-power plants\u003c/a> — to meet its ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">climate goals\u003c/a>, which include becoming carbon-neutral by 2045.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some of that can be done through natural means, such as restoring wetlands, technology must fill the gap where natural systems fall short. Scientists at UC Berkeley have developed a material they believe will greatly improve direct air capture — the term for removing carbon dioxide from the air at any location, as opposed to carbon capture, which focuses directly on sources of pollution like smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new material, which is a deep yellow powder that almost resembles ground turmeric, is called a covalent organic framework (COF). COFs have existed for nearly 20 years, but the latest spin on them has excited chemists. The version created at Berkeley can pull relatively large amounts of carbon dioxide from the ambient air with what scientists believe to be incredible effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically the best material out there for direct air capture,” said Omar Yaghi, a chemistry professor at UC Berkeley and senior author of a paper published Wednesday in the journal \u003cem>Nature \u003c/em>about the new COF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit less than half a pound of the stuff can remove about as much carbon dioxide annually as a tree, according to UC Berkeley graduate student Zihui Zhou, who is the first author on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994911\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1994911\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-800x1055.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-800x1055.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1020x1345.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-160x211.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-768x1013.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1165x1536.jpg 1165w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1553x2048.jpg 1553w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1920x2532.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-scaled.jpg 1941w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration of an atomic-level look at the new material. The hexagonal channels make the material porous. They are coated with polyamines, which bind with carbon dioxide molecules, as shown by the blue and orange balls. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chaoyang Zhao)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The material works similar to a sponge: When exposed to air, it sucks up carbon dioxide until it is saturated. It’s essentially then wrung out, with scientists capturing that carbon dioxide and storing it away for a significant amount of time, ideally thousands of years. Then, the material is deployed again to absorb more carbon dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In laboratory tests, Zhou said the team filled a small column about the size of a drinking straw with the COF. They used a pump to push outdoor air through the column until the material was saturated with carbon dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It cleaned the air entirely of CO2. Everything,” Yaghi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team then heated the tube to 140 degrees Fahrenheit, which released the gas. They could then use the same material and tube to repeat the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The material stands out from previous iterations because it did not degrade when it came into contact with water (or humidity in the air) and remained structurally stable even after 100 uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older versions of COFs absorbed carbon dioxide well from the air that was very saturated with it, like exhaust from power plants, but not well from the ambient air, where concentrations are lower. This new, porous material is lined with molecules called amines that act like microscopic magnets, drawing carbon dioxide to them from air anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always exciting when new materials are developed with increased CO2 capacities,” said Jennifer Wilcox, chemical engineering and energy policy professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who was impressed by how the material performed when exposed to water, that it did not use any critical minerals, and required a relatively low temperature to release carbon dioxide. But, she said, “how does this material perform in a system, in a process?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12009493 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/SanRafaelMarinCountGetty-1020x715.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilcox, who was not involved in the research, said half of the equation is the engineering of how to use the high-performing material. “Ultimately, we have to scale these materials up to capture significant amounts of carbon dioxide,” she said. “And when you start to scale them up, you have to think about what the system looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhou and colleagues are working on models of that system right now. One version is a roughly 6.5-foot cube that would be stacked with layers of the COF and tubing for water. Wind or fans would blow ambient air through the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water tubes would control the temperature inside. Once the material inside is saturated with carbon dioxide, engineers warm the box and vacuum out the gas, readying the cube to absorb more of the gas from the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently, there are lots of colleagues from engineering departments that have already designed the whole process,” Zhou said. He is hopeful that he and colleagues can simply sub in the new material and that it could be ready for deployment at a larger scale in 1–2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilcox, in her own right, has seen similarly quick deployments of new technologies in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1993898/california-needs-to-pull-carbon-from-the-air-to-meet-climate-goals-this-bill-promises-a-plan\">Removing carbon dioxide from the air\u003c/a> has become an essential part of the world’s battle against human-caused climate change. California alone will need to capture or remove about \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">100 million tons\u003c/a> of carbon dioxide each year — roughly equivalent to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">the pollution created by 250 gas-power plants\u003c/a> — to meet its ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-sp.pdf\">climate goals\u003c/a>, which include becoming carbon-neutral by 2045.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some of that can be done through natural means, such as restoring wetlands, technology must fill the gap where natural systems fall short. Scientists at UC Berkeley have developed a material they believe will greatly improve direct air capture — the term for removing carbon dioxide from the air at any location, as opposed to carbon capture, which focuses directly on sources of pollution like smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new material, which is a deep yellow powder that almost resembles ground turmeric, is called a covalent organic framework (COF). COFs have existed for nearly 20 years, but the latest spin on them has excited chemists. The version created at Berkeley can pull relatively large amounts of carbon dioxide from the ambient air with what scientists believe to be incredible effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically the best material out there for direct air capture,” said Omar Yaghi, a chemistry professor at UC Berkeley and senior author of a paper published Wednesday in the journal \u003cem>Nature \u003c/em>about the new COF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit less than half a pound of the stuff can remove about as much carbon dioxide annually as a tree, according to UC Berkeley graduate student Zihui Zhou, who is the first author on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994911\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1994911\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-800x1055.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-800x1055.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1020x1345.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-160x211.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-768x1013.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1165x1536.jpg 1165w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1553x2048.jpg 1553w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-1920x2532.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CarbonCapture3-scaled.jpg 1941w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration of an atomic-level look at the new material. The hexagonal channels make the material porous. They are coated with polyamines, which bind with carbon dioxide molecules, as shown by the blue and orange balls. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Chaoyang Zhao)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The material works similar to a sponge: When exposed to air, it sucks up carbon dioxide until it is saturated. It’s essentially then wrung out, with scientists capturing that carbon dioxide and storing it away for a significant amount of time, ideally thousands of years. Then, the material is deployed again to absorb more carbon dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In laboratory tests, Zhou said the team filled a small column about the size of a drinking straw with the COF. They used a pump to push outdoor air through the column until the material was saturated with carbon dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It cleaned the air entirely of CO2. Everything,” Yaghi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team then heated the tube to 140 degrees Fahrenheit, which released the gas. They could then use the same material and tube to repeat the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The material stands out from previous iterations because it did not degrade when it came into contact with water (or humidity in the air) and remained structurally stable even after 100 uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older versions of COFs absorbed carbon dioxide well from the air that was very saturated with it, like exhaust from power plants, but not well from the ambient air, where concentrations are lower. This new, porous material is lined with molecules called amines that act like microscopic magnets, drawing carbon dioxide to them from air anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always exciting when new materials are developed with increased CO2 capacities,” said Jennifer Wilcox, chemical engineering and energy policy professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who was impressed by how the material performed when exposed to water, that it did not use any critical minerals, and required a relatively low temperature to release carbon dioxide. But, she said, “how does this material perform in a system, in a process?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilcox, who was not involved in the research, said half of the equation is the engineering of how to use the high-performing material. “Ultimately, we have to scale these materials up to capture significant amounts of carbon dioxide,” she said. “And when you start to scale them up, you have to think about what the system looks like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhou and colleagues are working on models of that system right now. One version is a roughly 6.5-foot cube that would be stacked with layers of the COF and tubing for water. Wind or fans would blow ambient air through the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water tubes would control the temperature inside. Once the material inside is saturated with carbon dioxide, engineers warm the box and vacuum out the gas, readying the cube to absorb more of the gas from the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently, there are lots of colleagues from engineering departments that have already designed the whole process,” Zhou said. He is hopeful that he and colleagues can simply sub in the new material and that it could be ready for deployment at a larger scale in 1–2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilcox, in her own right, has seen similarly quick deployments of new technologies in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pge\">PG&E\u003c/a> customers in 30 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/california\">California\u003c/a> counties could temporarily lose their electricity by the end of the week because of elevated fire risk across the state, the utility said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://pgealerts.alerts.pge.com/psps-updates/7day/\">potential power shutoffs\u003c/a> are meant to avoid sparking a fire during critical conditions. The company reports that a “fully cured grass crop” is abundant at all elevations and that extra windy conditions could help a wildfire spread exceptionally quickly if a fire ignites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s meteorologists “are tracking a weather system that may bring strong winds up to 70 mph across parts of our service area,” said Megan McFarland, a public information officer for PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service has issued a red flag warning for the entire Central Coast, the Bay Area — including the San Francisco Bay shoreline — and the northern Central Valley. Dalton Behringer, a meteorologist with the agency’s Bay Area offices, said Californians should take extreme precautions because the dry and extra windy conditions will create perfect conditions for a wildfire to grow out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not out of the woods,” Behringer said. “We’re getting closer to the wet season, but we still have to be vigilant, even if there’s rain on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1846243799082979588\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behringer said winds could reach 40 mph over mountain passes. In the Bay Area, the greatest threat is in the higher elevations of the North Bay, East Bay, Central Coast and Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By Thursday, the wind ramps up and then really switches around to that offshore direction by Thursday night,” Behringer said. “Friday and Saturday is when we see the driest conditions along with the wind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11993386 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/ThompsonFireOrovilleAP1-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Thursday, PG&E could cut power to customers in 12 counties: Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the fire risk grows into the weekend, customers in 30 counties could go without power on Friday and Saturday in these counties: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Lake, Madera, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tuolumne and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, the potential power shutoff is just a warning, and McFarland said customers will be notified by email, phone or text “to help them plan and prepare for a potential” planned power outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McFarland said PG&E opened its emergency operations center in Vacaville on Tuesday before the potential power shutoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s day eight of the “Aug-tober” heat wave that’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">baked the entire Bay Area\u003c/a> with record-breaking temperatures from Ocean Beach to inland valleys, and the end is finally near.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longevity and the actual magnitude of the heat wave is pretty uncommon,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday was particularly hot, and the weather service reports that the heat \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994538/3-bay-area-cities-had-hottest-summer-in-history-as-climate-change-pushes-temps-up\">shattered daily high-temperature records\u003c/a> across the region, including records that had stood since 1930 in Santa Rosa, Napa and Kentfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said some relief is on the way as temperatures gradually decrease this week, with the possibility of light rain by the weekend in the north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were forecasting it to be warm, but the widespread-ness of the heat is what caught us off guard,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1843096767061184579\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average number of heat waves in the U.S. has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994643/yes-these-california-heat-waves-are-connected-to-climate-change-heres-how\">doubled since the 1980s\u003c/a>, partly because of human-caused climate change caused by burning fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass expects another day of record-breaking heat with temperatures nearing the triple digits for much of the inland Bay Area on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll definitely break a few,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Temperatures will “slightly cool” along the coast, Gass said, allowing the agency to drop its excessive heat warning. However, a heat advisory is in effect for much of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1843253752792523007\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the heat wave to break on Tuesday as temperatures decrease by nearly 15 degrees in coastal areas. Gass said cities like San Francisco will get a necessary reprieve from days of nearly triple-digit heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11878134 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/GettyImages-2175344883-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heat wave will meet an abrupt end tomorrow as we expect temperatures in the city to cool to around 71 or 72 and the bay shoreline to be in the upper 70s to low 80s,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After over a week of blazing hot days, fire danger is still quite high across the region. But Gass said a lack of wind has helped decrease the potential spread of fires that start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Grasses and soil are very dry, so try not to do anything that would start a fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As temperatures cool into the 70s for much of the Bay Area as the week lingers, a cold front could bring a chance of rain in the North Bay. But Gass is hesitant to say the upcoming cooldown is the end of October’s heat because temperatures look to be “above average” for the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just too early to tell,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>At \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>’s Ocean Beach, you normally need layers to fight back the wind and the chill. Not just a hoodie but a jacket, a hat — the whole nine yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this early October week, crowds flocked to the beach \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994632/bay-area-heat-wave-is-sticking-around-with-scorching-temperatures-into-the-weekend\">like it was Florida\u003c/a>, setting up umbrellas, lying out in bikinis and going for a swim in water that was, thankfully, still frigid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco resident Vincent Arenas was at the beach for the second day in a row with his 3-year-old son and wife to escape their sunny, warm apartment. “We really gotta get out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camryn Gill came to the beach with her boyfriend. “We live in Bayview, and it’s super hot over there; it’s like 15 degrees hotter than it is right here at the beach,” Gill said. “Each year, it is getting hotter and hotter in the summers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The early October heat wave \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">broke daily records\u003c/a> in many parts of the Bay Area with unseasonably high temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks have been joking that it’s currently ‘Aug-tober,’” said climate scientist Daniel Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Literally, in many parts of the West, temperatures are, in fact, closer to August values than October values. And yet, here we are, the same month as Halloween, and we’re still talking about midsummer-like peak heat,” Swain said during his public \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/live/Jc5BkmkeUMY?feature=shared\">office hours \u003c/a>on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994634\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994634\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1013\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-800x405.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1020x517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-160x81.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-768x389.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1536x778.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1920x972.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People gather at Robert W. Crown Memorial State Beach in Alameda, California, with the San Francisco skyline in the background on May 26, 2020. This week’s Bay Area heat wave, fueled by a persistent high-pressure ridge, is now expected to last through the weekend. Officials urge residents to stay hydrated and seek shade as temperatures remain elevated longer than forecast. \u003ccite>(Ben Margot/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although a fall heat wave is not unusual, the temperature highs, duration and far reach of this one are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a trend tracks with what climate scientists have long expressed: Human-caused global warming has increased the frequency, length, intensity and reach of prolonged heat events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what you need to know about the connection between heat waves and climate change in California and how extreme heat affects your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much is California heating up?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On average, California has warmed by around \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/climate-change/epic-2022/changes-climate/air-temperatures#:~:text=Annual%20mean%20temperatures%20have%20increased,over%20the%20past%2050%20years.&text=Statewide%20annual%20mean%20temperatures%20have,(%C2%B0F)%20since%201895.\">2.5\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/4/tavg/24/7/1900-2024?base_prd=true&begbaseyear=1901&endbaseyear=2000&trend=true&trend_base=10&begtrendyear=1895&endtrendyear=2024\">3 degrees\u003c/a> Fahrenheit since the early 1900s. The rate of warming has accelerated over the past several decades relative to the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, California’s inland regions are warming faster than statewide averages, and coastal areas are warming more slowly. Cold ocean water helps cool the coast, while inland mountains trap warm air.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is the frequency of heat waves changing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The average number of heat waves the U.S. experiences today has \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/2/\">doubled since the 1980s\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994109\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994109\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sun shines over towers carrying electrical lines in South San Francisco. With a Bay Area heat wave starting this week, California’s grid operator has ordered providers to delay maintenance to handle the surge in electricity demand. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although it’s very hard for scientists to pin down exact numbers, heat events are projected to occur \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">four to 10 times more\u003c/a> often in the Northern Sierra region by 2050, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, concurrent heat waves are happening more often. In the Northern Hemisphere, we’ve seen a \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/35/3/JCLI-D-21-0200.1.xml\">roughly sixfold increase\u003c/a> in the frequency of concurrent heat waves from 1979 to 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much longer are heat waves lasting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By 2050, heat waves that negatively affect public health are projected to last \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">two weeks longer\u003c/a> in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalchange.gov/indicators/heat-waves\">length of the season\u003c/a> (the number of days between the first heat wave of the year and the last) has increased as well. In the U.S., it’s up from \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/2/\">about 40 days to roughly 70\u003c/a> — leaving people exposed to dangerous heat for longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How dangerous is extreme heat?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/hazstat/\">deadliest form of extreme weather\u003c/a> in the United States, causing more deaths than any other weather-related hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11878134 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/GettyImages-2175344883-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/28/\">threatens our health\u003c/a>. Higher temperatures are linked to negative pregnancy and birth outcomes, worse mental health and increased ER and hospital visits for ailments beyond heat stroke (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory illnesses).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/sweltering-summer-nights-2023\">Overnight temperatures\u003c/a> are rising more quickly than daytime temperatures. That is dangerous because it limits our bodies’ abilities to cool off and recover before another day of heat arrives, leaving a person more prone to heat illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults over 65, children, people with disabilities, people with substance abuse disorders, pregnant people and those who lack access to cooling or work outside are the most vulnerable to extreme heat. Minority groups, historically redlined and urban communities are disproportionately exposed to heat. Low-income and unhoused people are also exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I stay safe?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During a heat wave, stay hydrated, avoid strenuous activity and direct exposure to the sun, and check on your neighbors. Cool off with baths, showers or wet towels, and watch for signs of heat illness like cramps, headaches, nausea, tiredness or dizziness. Never leave kids or pets in a car, which can heat up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878134/bay-area-heat-wave-how-to-stay-safe-during-dangerously-hot-weather\">We have much more information here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>’s Ocean Beach, you normally need layers to fight back the wind and the chill. Not just a hoodie but a jacket, a hat — the whole nine yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this early October week, crowds flocked to the beach \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994632/bay-area-heat-wave-is-sticking-around-with-scorching-temperatures-into-the-weekend\">like it was Florida\u003c/a>, setting up umbrellas, lying out in bikinis and going for a swim in water that was, thankfully, still frigid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco resident Vincent Arenas was at the beach for the second day in a row with his 3-year-old son and wife to escape their sunny, warm apartment. “We really gotta get out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camryn Gill came to the beach with her boyfriend. “We live in Bayview, and it’s super hot over there; it’s like 15 degrees hotter than it is right here at the beach,” Gill said. “Each year, it is getting hotter and hotter in the summers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The early October heat wave \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">broke daily records\u003c/a> in many parts of the Bay Area with unseasonably high temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks have been joking that it’s currently ‘Aug-tober,’” said climate scientist Daniel Swain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Literally, in many parts of the West, temperatures are, in fact, closer to August values than October values. And yet, here we are, the same month as Halloween, and we’re still talking about midsummer-like peak heat,” Swain said during his public \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/live/Jc5BkmkeUMY?feature=shared\">office hours \u003c/a>on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994634\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994634\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1013\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-800x405.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1020x517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-160x81.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-768x389.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1536x778.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/BayAreaHeatAP-1920x972.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People gather at Robert W. Crown Memorial State Beach in Alameda, California, with the San Francisco skyline in the background on May 26, 2020. This week’s Bay Area heat wave, fueled by a persistent high-pressure ridge, is now expected to last through the weekend. Officials urge residents to stay hydrated and seek shade as temperatures remain elevated longer than forecast. \u003ccite>(Ben Margot/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although a fall heat wave is not unusual, the temperature highs, duration and far reach of this one are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a trend tracks with what climate scientists have long expressed: Human-caused global warming has increased the frequency, length, intensity and reach of prolonged heat events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what you need to know about the connection between heat waves and climate change in California and how extreme heat affects your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much is California heating up?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On average, California has warmed by around \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/climate-change/epic-2022/changes-climate/air-temperatures#:~:text=Annual%20mean%20temperatures%20have%20increased,over%20the%20past%2050%20years.&text=Statewide%20annual%20mean%20temperatures%20have,(%C2%B0F)%20since%201895.\">2.5\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/4/tavg/24/7/1900-2024?base_prd=true&begbaseyear=1901&endbaseyear=2000&trend=true&trend_base=10&begtrendyear=1895&endtrendyear=2024\">3 degrees\u003c/a> Fahrenheit since the early 1900s. The rate of warming has accelerated over the past several decades relative to the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, California’s inland regions are warming faster than statewide averages, and coastal areas are warming more slowly. Cold ocean water helps cool the coast, while inland mountains trap warm air.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is the frequency of heat waves changing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The average number of heat waves the U.S. experiences today has \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/2/\">doubled since the 1980s\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994109\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994109\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SFEnergyGridGetty1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sun shines over towers carrying electrical lines in South San Francisco. With a Bay Area heat wave starting this week, California’s grid operator has ordered providers to delay maintenance to handle the surge in electricity demand. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although it’s very hard for scientists to pin down exact numbers, heat events are projected to occur \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">four to 10 times more\u003c/a> often in the Northern Sierra region by 2050, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, concurrent heat waves are happening more often. In the Northern Hemisphere, we’ve seen a \u003ca href=\"https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/35/3/JCLI-D-21-0200.1.xml\">roughly sixfold increase\u003c/a> in the frequency of concurrent heat waves from 1979 to 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much longer are heat waves lasting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By 2050, heat waves that negatively affect public health are projected to last \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">two weeks longer\u003c/a> in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalchange.gov/indicators/heat-waves\">length of the season\u003c/a> (the number of days between the first heat wave of the year and the last) has increased as well. In the U.S., it’s up from \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/2/\">about 40 days to roughly 70\u003c/a> — leaving people exposed to dangerous heat for longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How dangerous is extreme heat?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/hazstat/\">deadliest form of extreme weather\u003c/a> in the United States, causing more deaths than any other weather-related hazard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat \u003ca href=\"https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/28/\">threatens our health\u003c/a>. Higher temperatures are linked to negative pregnancy and birth outcomes, worse mental health and increased ER and hospital visits for ailments beyond heat stroke (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory illnesses).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/sweltering-summer-nights-2023\">Overnight temperatures\u003c/a> are rising more quickly than daytime temperatures. That is dangerous because it limits our bodies’ abilities to cool off and recover before another day of heat arrives, leaving a person more prone to heat illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults over 65, children, people with disabilities, people with substance abuse disorders, pregnant people and those who lack access to cooling or work outside are the most vulnerable to extreme heat. Minority groups, historically redlined and urban communities are disproportionately exposed to heat. Low-income and unhoused people are also exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I stay safe?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During a heat wave, stay hydrated, avoid strenuous activity and direct exposure to the sun, and check on your neighbors. Cool off with baths, showers or wet towels, and watch for signs of heat illness like cramps, headaches, nausea, tiredness or dizziness. Never leave kids or pets in a car, which can heat up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878134/bay-area-heat-wave-how-to-stay-safe-during-dangerously-hot-weather\">We have much more information here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">Bay Area’s Aug-tober heat wave\u003c/a> was supposed to have backed off by now, according to forecasts early in the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that relief has just barely materialized, which was obvious to anyone who stepped outside or stuck their hand out of an air-conditioned car window and felt that still, hot air on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s very warm, and it will be into the upcoming weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big picture still remains the same: high pressure overhead, clear skies, little to no marine layer, warm airmass all contributing to another impactful day with dangerous heat,” the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office wrote in its morning forecast discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters noted that, yes, “it did technically” cool down from the peak of this heat wave on Tuesday and Wednesday, but temperatures were still very warm overnight across the region and “provided another night with little to no relief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1841683019536732291\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An excessive heat warning, which notes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878134/bay-area-heat-wave-how-to-stay-safe-during-dangerously-hot-weather\">potentially life-threatening conditions\u003c/a> or major impacts to travel, is extended through 11 p.m. Friday for the inland Bay Area and Central Coast, with highs that could approach 110 degrees. Meanwhile, a heat advisory covers the coastline and city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this heat is being caused by a high-pressure system, which ocean air will begin to nudge out — but not until the end of the week. Crystal Oudit, meteorologist with the weather service in the Bay Area, told KQED that people will begin to feel relief by Sunday and Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11878134 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/RS66615_GettyImages-1280969852-qut.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Temperatures decrease by a couple of degrees each day into the weekend, and things start to look better on Monday depending on where you are,” she said. “Especially for coastal areas, you’ll start seeing that cooldown again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long heat wave has also dialed up the fire risk by baking forests and brush across the region, which will linger into next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, winds have remained relatively light in most places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Interagency Fire Center \u003ca href=\"https://gacc.nifc.gov/oncc/predictive/weather/7Day.pdf\">noted in its latest outlook\u003c/a> that, because of the warm nights, vegetation across “all areas east of the coast” has not had a chance to really recover from the hot afternoon temperatures, especially in the foothills and at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather service has a red flag warning remaining in effect for the interior of Monterey and San Benito counties until 8 p.m. Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elsewhere, near critical fire weather conditions remain,” the forecast said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">Bay Area’s Aug-tober heat wave\u003c/a> was supposed to have backed off by now, according to forecasts early in the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that relief has just barely materialized, which was obvious to anyone who stepped outside or stuck their hand out of an air-conditioned car window and felt that still, hot air on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s very warm, and it will be into the upcoming weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big picture still remains the same: high pressure overhead, clear skies, little to no marine layer, warm airmass all contributing to another impactful day with dangerous heat,” the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office wrote in its morning forecast discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters noted that, yes, “it did technically” cool down from the peak of this heat wave on Tuesday and Wednesday, but temperatures were still very warm overnight across the region and “provided another night with little to no relief.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>An excessive heat warning, which notes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878134/bay-area-heat-wave-how-to-stay-safe-during-dangerously-hot-weather\">potentially life-threatening conditions\u003c/a> or major impacts to travel, is extended through 11 p.m. Friday for the inland Bay Area and Central Coast, with highs that could approach 110 degrees. Meanwhile, a heat advisory covers the coastline and city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this heat is being caused by a high-pressure system, which ocean air will begin to nudge out — but not until the end of the week. Crystal Oudit, meteorologist with the weather service in the Bay Area, told KQED that people will begin to feel relief by Sunday and Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Temperatures decrease by a couple of degrees each day into the weekend, and things start to look better on Monday depending on where you are,” she said. “Especially for coastal areas, you’ll start seeing that cooldown again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long heat wave has also dialed up the fire risk by baking forests and brush across the region, which will linger into next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, winds have remained relatively light in most places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Interagency Fire Center \u003ca href=\"https://gacc.nifc.gov/oncc/predictive/weather/7Day.pdf\">noted in its latest outlook\u003c/a> that, because of the warm nights, vegetation across “all areas east of the coast” has not had a chance to really recover from the hot afternoon temperatures, especially in the foothills and at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather service has a red flag warning remaining in effect for the interior of Monterey and San Benito counties until 8 p.m. Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elsewhere, near critical fire weather conditions remain,” the forecast said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Pajaro River Levee Project Breaks Ground As Winter Flood Concerns Loom",
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"content": "\u003cp>Over a year and a half after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pajaro-river\">Pajaro River\u003c/a> levee burst, inundating \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">nearly 300 homes\u003c/a> in Monterey County with chocolate milk-colored water, flood agencies broke ground on Wednesday on a massive levee project to protect the river valley from future storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re turning the page from decades of fighting for a project [to] now just a handful of years of constructing a project for a new safe and secure Pajaro Valley,” Santa Cruz County Supervisor Zach Friend said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 14-mile levee project, managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in partnership with the Pajaro Regional Flood Management Agency, is expected to be finished early next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will improve flood risk in Watsonville, Pajaro and surrounding agricultural areas. The agencies will construct and enhance levees along the lower Pajaro River and its tributaries. However, the agencies won’t begin on the groundwork in the area for several winters, and residents fear another flood could interrupt their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pajaro is a community of around 3,000 people who work primarily in the Central Coast’s agricultural sector. The levee wasn’t adequately designed for the small storms that dump rain on the region, and storms have been made worse by human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994625\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 928px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994625\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"928\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap.jpg 928w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-800x519.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-768x498.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Tammy L. Reed via U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This should’ve happened long ago,” Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas (D-Salinas) said at a Wednesday press conference to launch the project. “The Pajaro Valley is a community that never gives up. You all here know how to work hard, but more importantly, know you know how to work together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got the job done together, and that’s a testament to this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11943316/pajaro-river-levee-breached-where-to-find-evacuation-shelters\">2023 flood\u003c/a>, the Corps had officially rated the levee along the Pajaro River a “moderate” risk of flooding. The truth is that for decades, officials knew it needed repair. The Corps determined that the town wasn’t worth protecting because property values were too low, according to levee records and interviews with several officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denia Escutia and her mother, Carla, pose for a portrait inside the family’s home in Pajaro, California, on April 28, 2023. In the weeks since a levee breach flooded their neighborhood back in March, the Escutia’s have moved out of the house and into a trailer in the driveway. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost 300 homes were damaged or destroyed, including Denia Escutia’s family home. Escutia, 19, delayed attending college because her family couldn’t find a home outside of Pajaro, so they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994168/the-pajaro-flood-forced-them-to-flee-californias-high-rents-forced-them-to-return\">moved across the street from the house the Pajaro River claimed as its own\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have another house, and I fear we’ll have to leave this one, too,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to flood officials, the project, which will cost about $600 million, is fully funded by federal and state agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. John Laird speaks during a groundbreaking ceremony for a new levee for the Pajaro River, a Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project, in Watsonville on Oct. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Pajaro was a special case, and that’s why we stepped up for them,” state Sen. John Laird (D-Santa Cruz) said. “Let’s pray again that this project gets online before it’s really needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps’ plan will prepare the most populated areas for a 1-in-100-year flood, yet \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982513/experts-call-for-doubled-levee-protection-to-battle-climate-change-in-california\">some experts believe that is only half the needed protection\u003c/a>. Rivas said that when the new levee is complete, it will be better “suited to meet the challenges of severe storms that we have seen more frequently due to climate change.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Work will start along Corralitos Creek on the northeastern edge of Watsonville. Flood officials said it’s the most at-risk area along the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Army Corps members hold shovels during a groundbreaking ceremony for a new levee for the Pajaro River, a Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project, in Watsonville on Oct. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This segment doesn’t have any levees right now,” said Mark Strudley, executive director of the Pajaro Regional Flood Management Agency. “It is unprotected. It flooded four times and overtopped its banks four times in 2023.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area that crumbled in March 2023, about 3 miles east of Pajaro, is still in the design phase. Officials want to set the new levee back 100 feet from where it is today to give the river room to expand during storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994496 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/Los-Vaqueros-Reservoir-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from lawmakers, the local flood agency quickly rebuilt the 400 feet of levee that ruptured after the flood. This summer, the portion of the levee was reconstructed again. It has the same amount of flood protection as the failed levee, meaning Pajaro will remain vulnerable every rainy season until the new levee is built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Downstream will still remain relatively unprotected until we improve those levees as well, but it’s a huge step for us,” Strudley said. “We are going to be working our hardest to make sure it doesn’t flood or break. But at the end of the day, it’s still an undersized, vulnerable system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reality that the makeshift levee could fail again worries Nancy Faulstich, director of the nonprofit group Regeneración — Pájaro Valley Climate Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a ticking time bomb,” Faulstich said. “We all know there are vulnerabilities here, and with the acceleration of climate change, all bets are off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Over a year and a half after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pajaro-river\">Pajaro River\u003c/a> levee burst, inundating \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">nearly 300 homes\u003c/a> in Monterey County with chocolate milk-colored water, flood agencies broke ground on Wednesday on a massive levee project to protect the river valley from future storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re turning the page from decades of fighting for a project [to] now just a handful of years of constructing a project for a new safe and secure Pajaro Valley,” Santa Cruz County Supervisor Zach Friend said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 14-mile levee project, managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in partnership with the Pajaro Regional Flood Management Agency, is expected to be finished early next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will improve flood risk in Watsonville, Pajaro and surrounding agricultural areas. The agencies will construct and enhance levees along the lower Pajaro River and its tributaries. However, the agencies won’t begin on the groundwork in the area for several winters, and residents fear another flood could interrupt their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pajaro is a community of around 3,000 people who work primarily in the Central Coast’s agricultural sector. The levee wasn’t adequately designed for the small storms that dump rain on the region, and storms have been made worse by human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994625\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 928px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994625\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"928\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap.jpg 928w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-800x519.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PajaroProjectMap-768x498.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Tammy L. Reed via U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This should’ve happened long ago,” Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas (D-Salinas) said at a Wednesday press conference to launch the project. “The Pajaro Valley is a community that never gives up. You all here know how to work hard, but more importantly, know you know how to work together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got the job done together, and that’s a testament to this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11943316/pajaro-river-levee-breached-where-to-find-evacuation-shelters\">2023 flood\u003c/a>, the Corps had officially rated the levee along the Pajaro River a “moderate” risk of flooding. The truth is that for decades, officials knew it needed repair. The Corps determined that the town wasn’t worth protecting because property values were too low, according to levee records and interviews with several officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/04282023_pajaroupdate-599_qed-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denia Escutia and her mother, Carla, pose for a portrait inside the family’s home in Pajaro, California, on April 28, 2023. In the weeks since a levee breach flooded their neighborhood back in March, the Escutia’s have moved out of the house and into a trailer in the driveway. \u003ccite>(Kori Suzuki/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost 300 homes were damaged or destroyed, including Denia Escutia’s family home. Escutia, 19, delayed attending college because her family couldn’t find a home outside of Pajaro, so they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994168/the-pajaro-flood-forced-them-to-flee-californias-high-rents-forced-them-to-return\">moved across the street from the house the Pajaro River claimed as its own\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have another house, and I fear we’ll have to leave this one, too,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to flood officials, the project, which will cost about $600 million, is fully funded by federal and state agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-26-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. John Laird speaks during a groundbreaking ceremony for a new levee for the Pajaro River, a Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project, in Watsonville on Oct. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Pajaro was a special case, and that’s why we stepped up for them,” state Sen. John Laird (D-Santa Cruz) said. “Let’s pray again that this project gets online before it’s really needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Corps’ plan will prepare the most populated areas for a 1-in-100-year flood, yet \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982513/experts-call-for-doubled-levee-protection-to-battle-climate-change-in-california\">some experts believe that is only half the needed protection\u003c/a>. Rivas said that when the new levee is complete, it will be better “suited to meet the challenges of severe storms that we have seen more frequently due to climate change.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Work will start along Corralitos Creek on the northeastern edge of Watsonville. Flood officials said it’s the most at-risk area along the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20241002_PajaroLeveeGroundbreak_GC-23-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Army Corps members hold shovels during a groundbreaking ceremony for a new levee for the Pajaro River, a Pajaro River Flood Risk Management Project, in Watsonville on Oct. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This segment doesn’t have any levees right now,” said Mark Strudley, executive director of the Pajaro Regional Flood Management Agency. “It is unprotected. It flooded four times and overtopped its banks four times in 2023.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area that crumbled in March 2023, about 3 miles east of Pajaro, is still in the design phase. Officials want to set the new levee back 100 feet from where it is today to give the river room to expand during storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from lawmakers, the local flood agency quickly rebuilt the 400 feet of levee that ruptured after the flood. This summer, the portion of the levee was reconstructed again. It has the same amount of flood protection as the failed levee, meaning Pajaro will remain vulnerable every rainy season until the new levee is built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Downstream will still remain relatively unprotected until we improve those levees as well, but it’s a huge step for us,” Strudley said. “We are going to be working our hardest to make sure it doesn’t flood or break. But at the end of the day, it’s still an undersized, vulnerable system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reality that the makeshift levee could fail again worries Nancy Faulstich, director of the nonprofit group Regeneración — Pájaro Valley Climate Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a ticking time bomb,” Faulstich said. “We all know there are vulnerabilities here, and with the acceleration of climate change, all bets are off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A long-percolating expansion of Los Vaqueros Reservoir in Contra Costa County will not move forward after costs and delays mounted in recent years, ending a project that would have significantly boosted the Bay Area’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project, first proposed in 2017, would have increased the reservoir’s capacity by more than 70% and distributed water to residents across the Bay Area. In a statement on Monday, Contra Costa Water District Board President Ernesto A. Avila announced the agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccwater.com/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1082\">would end its participation\u003c/a> in the project, citing increasing costs and declining participation from other local water agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As difficult as the decision was … we have reached the point where the facts show that this well-intended project is not viable,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project’s costs have grown steadily over the years, from $980 million in 2017 to nearly $1.6 billion, due to inflation and scheduling delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to be very responsible with public dollars,” said Jennifer Allen, director of public affairs for the Contra Costa Water District. “If we see that there is no path to go forward with this expansion, it is important to have that discussion now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of the increased costs, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife recently updated the district’s incidental take permit, which dictates how much water it can divert from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta to fill the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of additional restrictions to maintain more water in the Delta for aquatic species, we saw a decrease in yield by up to 30%,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994454 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/054_KQED_MarinCityWaterTesting_03012022_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was governed by a conglomerate of Bay Area water agencies, including the Alameda County Water District, East Bay Municipal Utility District, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, Valley Water and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, Allen said, those agencies pulled back on their requests for storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went from being oversubscribed to being undersubscribed, and pretty significantly in a short period of time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies also disagreed on who should shoulder any additional costs. Contra Costa Water District thought it should be the partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d already built the original reservoir,” Allen said. “The expansion was to the benefit of the partners. And so those costs would have been directed at the partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were definitely some challenges and issues that came up around that concept,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Vaqueros Reservoir underwent a previous expansion that was completed in 2012, which expanded storage from 100,000 to 160,000 acre-feet. This second phase would have expanded the reservoir to 275,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes as Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration works to expand reservoir capacity in the state, including the Sites Reservoir in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are projects that will address our state’s biggest challenges faster, and the Sites Reservoir is fully representative of that goal – making sure Californians have access to clean drinking water and making sure we’re more resilient against future droughts,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/11/06/governor-newsom-streamlines-major-water-storage-project/\">said in a statement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen, the Contra Costa Water District spokesperson, said agencies are starting to look at other ways to fortify the Bay Area’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though we don’t see a path for this project to move forward, we are still dedicated to working with partners to look at regional solutions,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmonahan\">Katherine Monahan\u003c/a> contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to be very responsible with public dollars,” said Jennifer Allen, director of public affairs for the Contra Costa Water District. “If we see that there is no path to go forward with this expansion, it is important to have that discussion now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of the increased costs, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife recently updated the district’s incidental take permit, which dictates how much water it can divert from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta to fill the reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of additional restrictions to maintain more water in the Delta for aquatic species, we saw a decrease in yield by up to 30%,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was governed by a conglomerate of Bay Area water agencies, including the Alameda County Water District, East Bay Municipal Utility District, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, Valley Water and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, Allen said, those agencies pulled back on their requests for storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went from being oversubscribed to being undersubscribed, and pretty significantly in a short period of time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies also disagreed on who should shoulder any additional costs. Contra Costa Water District thought it should be the partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d already built the original reservoir,” Allen said. “The expansion was to the benefit of the partners. And so those costs would have been directed at the partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were definitely some challenges and issues that came up around that concept,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Vaqueros Reservoir underwent a previous expansion that was completed in 2012, which expanded storage from 100,000 to 160,000 acre-feet. This second phase would have expanded the reservoir to 275,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news comes as Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration works to expand reservoir capacity in the state, including the Sites Reservoir in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are projects that will address our state’s biggest challenges faster, and the Sites Reservoir is fully representative of that goal – making sure Californians have access to clean drinking water and making sure we’re more resilient against future droughts,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/11/06/governor-newsom-streamlines-major-water-storage-project/\">said in a statement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen, the Contra Costa Water District spokesperson, said agencies are starting to look at other ways to fortify the Bay Area’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though we don’t see a path for this project to move forward, we are still dedicated to working with partners to look at regional solutions,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmonahan\">Katherine Monahan\u003c/a> contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994263/california-fire-season-wakes-up-again-with-major-wildfires-and-hot-dry-conditions\">major wildfires\u003c/a> surrounding people living in Southern California’s Inland Empire on three sides are creating thunderclouds and fire whirls as they exhibit erratic, unpredictable behavior that has become increasingly common in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought, climate change and land management practices have all helped feed such extreme fire behavior, which makes the fires more dangerous and harder to control. The fires burning in Southern California have made stunningly quick runs, threatening thousands of structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pretty scary situation around the L.A. Basin right now,” said Neil Lareau, fire expert at the University of Nevada, Reno. With steep mountain canyons, lots of bone-dry vegetation and just enough wind to rile things up, “the result was just this explosion of fire yesterday [Tuesday] afternoon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters generally cannot directly attack a fire that is showing this kind of behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, not a lot can be done when these fires are ripping up a canyon,” as we’ve seen in recent days, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NOAASatellites/status/1833915331091595704\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fires can also create their own winds, which increases spotting — when embers are lofted into the air and land to create new fires ahead of the main front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we also saw some really extreme smoke and what we call plume dynamics yesterday,” Lareau said, referring to when the fire is controlled by the energy and wind it is creating. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to safely fly aircraft to drop water or retardant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/BirdingPeepWx/status/1833692869783441867\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In such conditions, he said, fire crews can’t make much progress on stopping the fire and can only focus on “trying to protect life and property to the extent possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12004361 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/08/PGE-Cuts-Line-After-Camp-Fire-2-1020x746.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For researchers like Lareau, studying the conditions that support extreme fire behavior is crucial for one day giving responders and citizens better warnings about what to expect. Ideally, the information will also give land managers better strategies for how to treat fuels and prevent fires from getting so extreme in the first place since so little can be done to fight them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has been interesting about these fires, Lareau said, is that they’ve behaved more extremely than expected, given atmospheric conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly had significant fire weather yesterday, but nothing off the charts,” he said. “I was a bit surprised by just how far the Bridge Fire, in particular, ran yesterday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bridge Fire exploded in size to at least 48,000 acres and burned homes around the community of Wrightwood on Tuesday night. Firefighters are still battling to save homes within Wrightwood and the nearby communities of Pinon Hills and Mount Baldy. The fire is 0% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were some winds, but nothing like the annual Santa Ana winds that affected the area in autumn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/nplareau/status/1833659247760150604\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The winds yesterday were probably not even half as strong as we see in some of these other events, kind of at the lower end of what we expect for these really extreme fire behavior days,” Lareau said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one knows exactly when or how strong Santa Ana winds will be this year. But this week’s Southern California fire behavior bodes poorly for anyone hoping for a calm, swift end to fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994263/california-fire-season-wakes-up-again-with-major-wildfires-and-hot-dry-conditions\">major wildfires\u003c/a> surrounding people living in Southern California’s Inland Empire on three sides are creating thunderclouds and fire whirls as they exhibit erratic, unpredictable behavior that has become increasingly common in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought, climate change and land management practices have all helped feed such extreme fire behavior, which makes the fires more dangerous and harder to control. The fires burning in Southern California have made stunningly quick runs, threatening thousands of structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pretty scary situation around the L.A. Basin right now,” said Neil Lareau, fire expert at the University of Nevada, Reno. With steep mountain canyons, lots of bone-dry vegetation and just enough wind to rile things up, “the result was just this explosion of fire yesterday [Tuesday] afternoon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Fires can also create their own winds, which increases spotting — when embers are lofted into the air and land to create new fires ahead of the main front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we also saw some really extreme smoke and what we call plume dynamics yesterday,” Lareau said, referring to when the fire is controlled by the energy and wind it is creating. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to safely fly aircraft to drop water or retardant.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In such conditions, he said, fire crews can’t make much progress on stopping the fire and can only focus on “trying to protect life and property to the extent possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For researchers like Lareau, studying the conditions that support extreme fire behavior is crucial for one day giving responders and citizens better warnings about what to expect. Ideally, the information will also give land managers better strategies for how to treat fuels and prevent fires from getting so extreme in the first place since so little can be done to fight them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has been interesting about these fires, Lareau said, is that they’ve behaved more extremely than expected, given atmospheric conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly had significant fire weather yesterday, but nothing off the charts,” he said. “I was a bit surprised by just how far the Bridge Fire, in particular, ran yesterday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bridge Fire exploded in size to at least 48,000 acres and burned homes around the community of Wrightwood on Tuesday night. Firefighters are still battling to save homes within Wrightwood and the nearby communities of Pinon Hills and Mount Baldy. The fire is 0% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were some winds, but nothing like the annual Santa Ana winds that affected the area in autumn.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“The winds yesterday were probably not even half as strong as we see in some of these other events, kind of at the lower end of what we expect for these really extreme fire behavior days,” Lareau said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one knows exactly when or how strong Santa Ana winds will be this year. But this week’s Southern California fire behavior bodes poorly for anyone hoping for a calm, swift end to fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Californians are breathing nearly two-thirds less \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pollution\">pollution\u003c/a> from vehicles than they were in the year 2000, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/rIm_C4x9gPs9mj1RFOfYC4zZO3?domain=science.org\">study\u003c/a> published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances — a tremendous decline showcasing that state policies focused on reducing vehicle emissions are working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the research also shows disparities are widening between the communities most exposed to harmful pollutants and those most protected from them, a concerning gap policymakers and regulators must still address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, Californians are breathing in an average of 65% less fine particulate matter from vehicles, according to the research, which looked at data from the years 2000 to 2019. Also called PM2.5, this pollution consists of tiny particles that are small enough to enter the bloodstream and lead to premature \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022GH000711\">death\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hispanic and Black Californians are the two demographic groups most exposed to PM2.5 from vehicles, largely because they are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879641/trucks-are-banned-on-oaklands-i-580-these-sixth-graders-wondered-why\">more likely to live closer to highways and major roads, often due to historic practices like redlining\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the study found these two groups have seen the most significant drops in overall exposure to the pollutants, that is due to the fact that they started in worse-off positions than other groups. The research shows that the gap between Hispanic and Black Californians and their white counterparts is widening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2000 and 2019, the relative gap in vehicle-related PM2.5 exposure between Hispanic and white Californians grew from 30% to 35%, with Hispanic residents being the group most exposed and white residents the least. Both groups experienced significant overall declines in exposure to pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12003847 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/HeatPumpGetty1-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you reduce vehicle emissions across the board for everybody everywhere, everybody benefits,” said Josh Apte, associate professor of environmental engineering and environmental health sciences at UC Berkeley and one of the study’s authors. That’s how the U.S. and California have improved air quality for the past 50-60 years, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if there are groups that are disparately exposed when everybody benefits, that disparity never goes away. So targeting emissions reductions in those places that tend to be overburdened is the name of the game to solve the problem,” Apte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board has, more recently, woven such policies into its core mission — targeting cleaning up \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-detailed-drayage-truck-requirements#:~:text=Zero%2DEmission%20Drayage%20Truck%20Requirements,with%20full%20implementation%20by%202035.\">drayage trucks\u003c/a>, which move freight in and out of ports, and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/clean-cars-4-all\">programs\u003c/a> that help lower-income Californians trade in highly polluting vehicles for electric ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the policies that the Air Resources Board is pursuing now are very well placed to close those gaps in disparity,” Apte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently adopted CARB \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/advanced-clean-fleets\">regulations\u003c/a>, like those intended to reduce emissions from large truck fleets, will significantly benefit communities that live close to ports, rail yards and industrial warehouses, said Joshua Cunningham, who leads regulatory programs for light-duty vehicles at CARB and was not involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two state laws, passed in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/sb535\">2012\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">2017\u003c/a>, have also prioritized targeting benefits to communities geographically exposed to unequal amounts of pollution. The first invests proceeds from California’s cap-and-trade emissions credits program in disadvantaged communities that face environmental, socioeconomic and public health challenges. The other created the Community Air Protection Program to prioritize highly polluted communities for air pollution monitoring and emissions reductions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Libby Koolik, lead study author and a Ph.D. candidate at UC Berkeley in the environmental engineering program, was surprised by the role that passenger vehicles play in contributing to major pollution in downtown communities, as a lot of attention is normally on large, polluting vehicles like big rigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The takeaway from that is not that heavy-duty vehicles aren’t important, but really that both of these fleets need to be targeted,” Koolik said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that, one step further, it’s important that we look at each community and figure out what their individual composition of fleet mixtures is so we can find the interventions that work best for that community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emissions from other sectors in California, like refineries, are known to unequally burden communities of color and communities already exposed to high pollution from vehicles. This study did not include those sources of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was co-authored by researchers at UC Berkeley, the California Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the University of Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians are breathing nearly two-thirds less \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pollution\">pollution\u003c/a> from vehicles than they were in the year 2000, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/rIm_C4x9gPs9mj1RFOfYC4zZO3?domain=science.org\">study\u003c/a> published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances — a tremendous decline showcasing that state policies focused on reducing vehicle emissions are working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the research also shows disparities are widening between the communities most exposed to harmful pollutants and those most protected from them, a concerning gap policymakers and regulators must still address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, Californians are breathing in an average of 65% less fine particulate matter from vehicles, according to the research, which looked at data from the years 2000 to 2019. Also called PM2.5, this pollution consists of tiny particles that are small enough to enter the bloodstream and lead to premature \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2022GH000711\">death\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you reduce vehicle emissions across the board for everybody everywhere, everybody benefits,” said Josh Apte, associate professor of environmental engineering and environmental health sciences at UC Berkeley and one of the study’s authors. That’s how the U.S. and California have improved air quality for the past 50-60 years, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if there are groups that are disparately exposed when everybody benefits, that disparity never goes away. So targeting emissions reductions in those places that tend to be overburdened is the name of the game to solve the problem,” Apte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board has, more recently, woven such policies into its core mission — targeting cleaning up \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-detailed-drayage-truck-requirements#:~:text=Zero%2DEmission%20Drayage%20Truck%20Requirements,with%20full%20implementation%20by%202035.\">drayage trucks\u003c/a>, which move freight in and out of ports, and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/clean-cars-4-all\">programs\u003c/a> that help lower-income Californians trade in highly polluting vehicles for electric ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the policies that the Air Resources Board is pursuing now are very well placed to close those gaps in disparity,” Apte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently adopted CARB \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/advanced-clean-fleets\">regulations\u003c/a>, like those intended to reduce emissions from large truck fleets, will significantly benefit communities that live close to ports, rail yards and industrial warehouses, said Joshua Cunningham, who leads regulatory programs for light-duty vehicles at CARB and was not involved in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two state laws, passed in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/sb535\">2012\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">2017\u003c/a>, have also prioritized targeting benefits to communities geographically exposed to unequal amounts of pollution. The first invests proceeds from California’s cap-and-trade emissions credits program in disadvantaged communities that face environmental, socioeconomic and public health challenges. The other created the Community Air Protection Program to prioritize highly polluted communities for air pollution monitoring and emissions reductions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Libby Koolik, lead study author and a Ph.D. candidate at UC Berkeley in the environmental engineering program, was surprised by the role that passenger vehicles play in contributing to major pollution in downtown communities, as a lot of attention is normally on large, polluting vehicles like big rigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The takeaway from that is not that heavy-duty vehicles aren’t important, but really that both of these fleets need to be targeted,” Koolik said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that, one step further, it’s important that we look at each community and figure out what their individual composition of fleet mixtures is so we can find the interventions that work best for that community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emissions from other sectors in California, like refineries, are known to unequally burden communities of color and communities already exposed to high pollution from vehicles. This study did not include those sources of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was co-authored by researchers at UC Berkeley, the California Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the University of Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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