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"title": "Hold on to Your Hat: Bay Area Feels More Gusty Winds After Atmospheric River Subsides",
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"content": "\u003cp>The bulk of the rain from this week’s\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999035/rain-on-me-bay-area-braces-for-a-wet-and-windy-atmospheric-river-storm\"> atmospheric river\u003c/a> has passed over the Bay Area, but forecasters expect high winds to remain through Wednesday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wind speeds reached 82 mph in the hills of Marin County. In Hayward, a tree toppled over, smashing a car, said Cynthia Palmer, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong gusts knocked out power to several thousand PG&E customers in the Bay Area on Wednesday morning, most of them in Marin County. Minor nuisance flooding occurred across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service said minor coastal flooding could occur today due to higher-than-normal tides this week, and “thanks to a supermoon” on Wednesday. Supermoons bring the highest and lowest tides and can result in flooding. The service has issued a coastal flood advisory through Saturday at 2 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mill Valley, as of Wednesday at 1 p.m., Miller Avenue was closed in both directions between Camino Alto and Almonte Boulevard because of significant flooding, according to the Mill Valley Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/nwsbayarea/status/1986088038800204275?s=46&t=zgyOPOqDqd_FEcUp9l4Z0g\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters noted that strong winds are still anticipated across the North Bay, the Pacific Coast and the Marin Headlands today. The service’s high wind warning will remain in effect until 4 p.m. Strong winds have “blown over trailers on the road, [downed] trees and power lines, and broken branches,” meteorologists reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a little late to clear storm drains and tie down loose objects and things like that, but just be cognizant if you’ve got loose things out there, that they could potentially blow away,” Palmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for rain totals, the North Bay got the brunt of the wet weather with an inch of rain or less. The big winners were the Marin Headlands with 2.25 inches of rain, and Sonoma County’s Venado, with 1.67 inches. Just under a tenth of an inch of rain fell in most areas from San Francisco to Oakland to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the rest of the day, Palmer said residents can expect scattered showers and possible thunderstorms north of the Golden Gate Bridge, with windy conditions to persist through Wednesday before the storm’s tail end moves beyond the region. People living in mountain valleys may experience patchy fog on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a string of storms headed for the Pacific Northwest could dip into the region in the coming week, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may get clipped by one Thursday night into Friday,” Palmer said. “The brunt of the rain, if we get anything, will stay in North Bay. Then, it looks like probably the more significant storm is going to really be next week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s too early, she said, to forecast the strength of next week’s possible storm, and that Bay Area residents should enjoy a dry weekend before an active pattern turns up next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service said minor coastal flooding could occur today due to higher-than-normal tides this week, and “thanks to a supermoon” on Wednesday. Supermoons bring the highest and lowest tides and can result in flooding. The service has issued a coastal flood advisory through Saturday at 2 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mill Valley, as of Wednesday at 1 p.m., Miller Avenue was closed in both directions between Camino Alto and Almonte Boulevard because of significant flooding, according to the Mill Valley Police Department.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Forecasters noted that strong winds are still anticipated across the North Bay, the Pacific Coast and the Marin Headlands today. The service’s high wind warning will remain in effect until 4 p.m. Strong winds have “blown over trailers on the road, [downed] trees and power lines, and broken branches,” meteorologists reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a little late to clear storm drains and tie down loose objects and things like that, but just be cognizant if you’ve got loose things out there, that they could potentially blow away,” Palmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for rain totals, the North Bay got the brunt of the wet weather with an inch of rain or less. The big winners were the Marin Headlands with 2.25 inches of rain, and Sonoma County’s Venado, with 1.67 inches. Just under a tenth of an inch of rain fell in most areas from San Francisco to Oakland to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the rest of the day, Palmer said residents can expect scattered showers and possible thunderstorms north of the Golden Gate Bridge, with windy conditions to persist through Wednesday before the storm’s tail end moves beyond the region. People living in mountain valleys may experience patchy fog on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a string of storms headed for the Pacific Northwest could dip into the region in the coming week, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may get clipped by one Thursday night into Friday,” Palmer said. “The brunt of the rain, if we get anything, will stay in North Bay. Then, it looks like probably the more significant storm is going to really be next week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s too early, she said, to forecast the strength of next week’s possible storm, and that Bay Area residents should enjoy a dry weekend before an active pattern turns up next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "rain-on-me-bay-area-braces-for-a-wet-and-windy-atmospheric-river-storm",
"title": "Rain on Me: Bay Area Braces for a Wet and Windy Atmospheric River Storm",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area is in for another \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> storm this week, and forecasters expect the North Bay to receive the bulk of the wet weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service forecasts that the atmospheric river, moving down the West Coast from the Gulf of Alaska, is likely to bring strong winds and a slight chance of thunderstorms across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wind advisory will be in effect for the entire area from 10 p.m. Tuesday to 4 p.m. Wednesday, with wind gusts expected up to 45 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a small window on Wednesday morning, meteorologists said, isolated gusts could reach above 55 mph at the highest peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the rain will mostly be beneficial, localized nuisance flooding is possible. Minor coastal flooding could also occur Tuesday through Saturday due to spring tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the North Bay to receive up to 2.5 inches of rain starting Tuesday. Places including Venado and Mount Tamalpais could see higher-end rain totals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1968px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999053\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1968\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1.jpg 1968w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-768x520.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-1536x1040.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1968px) 100vw, 1968px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign is posted in a flooded section of roadway on Dec. 3, 2014, in Tiburon, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the storm moves south, so do potential rain totals. The weather service forecasts the storm reaching San Francisco by early Wednesday morning, with up to an inch of rain in the city by the end of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Places farther south, including San José, are expected to receive less than half an inch of rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Treat this as a winter storm and make sure you clean out your gutters and make sure your drains are cleared out,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office.[aside postID=science_1998915 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/241122-StormHitsBayArea-10-BL_qed.jpg']The warm storm will push snow levels in the Sierra Nevada to above 7,500 feet, resulting in the bulk of the snowfall at higher elevations. Lassen National Park and the highest peaks of the Sierra could see some snowfall, and snow levels could dip below 7,000 feet on Wednesday night if temperatures fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wet and slick roads will be the main concerns for the mountains, Sacramento-based forecasters wrote in the weather service’s daily forecast discussion for inland Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weather experts measure the intensity of atmospheric rivers on a scale from 0 to 5. This week’s storm could reach as high as a 5 in the Guerneville area before decreasing to a 4 over Marin County and then to a 3 for the San Francisco area, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/arscale/\">atmospheric river scale\u003c/a> modeling by the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When atmospheric rivers stall over an area, they can cause rivers to rise and create dangerous flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999056\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999056\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two Mission District residents work to open a clogged drain on Mission and 21st Streets in San Francisco on Jan. 10, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a family of atmospheric rivers dumped so much rain over California that multiple levees crumbled from the weight and intensity of the water, destroying hundreds of homes and disrupting life for thousands of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other strong atmospheric rivers have caused flooding in parts of cities like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said the good news, as of now, is that while this week’s atmospheric river “is expected to be a little bit stronger,” it does not look like it will park anywhere over the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the reason that we don’t have any flood watches out,” Gass said. “We would, if it were to show signs of stalling, but we’re not seeing any of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area is in for another \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> storm this week, and forecasters expect the North Bay to receive the bulk of the wet weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service forecasts that the atmospheric river, moving down the West Coast from the Gulf of Alaska, is likely to bring strong winds and a slight chance of thunderstorms across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wind advisory will be in effect for the entire area from 10 p.m. Tuesday to 4 p.m. Wednesday, with wind gusts expected up to 45 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a small window on Wednesday morning, meteorologists said, isolated gusts could reach above 55 mph at the highest peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the rain will mostly be beneficial, localized nuisance flooding is possible. Minor coastal flooding could also occur Tuesday through Saturday due to spring tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the North Bay to receive up to 2.5 inches of rain starting Tuesday. Places including Venado and Mount Tamalpais could see higher-end rain totals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1968px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999053\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1968\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1.jpg 1968w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-768x520.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/459889114_qed-1-1536x1040.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1968px) 100vw, 1968px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign is posted in a flooded section of roadway on Dec. 3, 2014, in Tiburon, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the storm moves south, so do potential rain totals. The weather service forecasts the storm reaching San Francisco by early Wednesday morning, with up to an inch of rain in the city by the end of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Places farther south, including San José, are expected to receive less than half an inch of rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Treat this as a winter storm and make sure you clean out your gutters and make sure your drains are cleared out,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The warm storm will push snow levels in the Sierra Nevada to above 7,500 feet, resulting in the bulk of the snowfall at higher elevations. Lassen National Park and the highest peaks of the Sierra could see some snowfall, and snow levels could dip below 7,000 feet on Wednesday night if temperatures fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wet and slick roads will be the main concerns for the mountains, Sacramento-based forecasters wrote in the weather service’s daily forecast discussion for inland Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weather experts measure the intensity of atmospheric rivers on a scale from 0 to 5. This week’s storm could reach as high as a 5 in the Guerneville area before decreasing to a 4 over Marin County and then to a 3 for the San Francisco area, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/arscale/\">atmospheric river scale\u003c/a> modeling by the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When atmospheric rivers stall over an area, they can cause rivers to rise and create dangerous flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999056\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999056\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/020_KQED_StormSanFrancisco_01102023_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two Mission District residents work to open a clogged drain on Mission and 21st Streets in San Francisco on Jan. 10, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2022, a family of atmospheric rivers dumped so much rain over California that multiple levees crumbled from the weight and intensity of the water, destroying hundreds of homes and disrupting life for thousands of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other strong atmospheric rivers have caused flooding in parts of cities like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said the good news, as of now, is that while this week’s atmospheric river “is expected to be a little bit stronger,” it does not look like it will park anywhere over the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the reason that we don’t have any flood watches out,” Gass said. “We would, if it were to show signs of stalling, but we’re not seeing any of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The air was cool and damp as a drizzle misted over the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998900/the-bay-area-science-festival-2025-is-this-weekend-heres-what-to-expect\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a> on Saturday. But the weather did little to dampen the crowd’s excitement. Families, students and science enthusiasts filled UCSF’s Mission Bay campus for a day full of science experiments, exhibitions, stage events and lab tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.missionscienceworkshop.org/whale-on-wheels\">30-foot whale skeleton inspired by Gracie\u003c/a>, a juvenile gray whale that washed up on Pescadero State Beach in 2014, was on full display. Families gathered around an outdoor aquarium featuring a leopard shark, thanks to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbaymsi.org/\">Marine Science Institute\u003c/a>, and kids made paper rockets that soared through the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lively \u003ca href=\"http://andrewtheartist.com/climate-carnival\">Climate Carnival\u003c/a> invited visitors to play games, make recycled art, and create music with everyday instruments — all designed to spark conversations about climate change and sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indoors, a chicken robot named Gary roamed the floors as kids twisted colorful DNA chains, peered through microscopes, and learned about the Bay Area’s geology, earthquakes and global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors also got a rare peek inside UCSF’s research labs — spaces usually off-limits to the public — exploring everything from neuroscience and human performance to cutting-edge robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child plays with colorful DNA chains at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On one tour, participants learned how researchers conduct experiments with mice to study their brains. Mice are animals with brains genetically similar to those of humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We behave differently when we’re anxious or when we’re experiencing fear, versus when we are feeling courageous. And mice do the same,” explained Alexandra Klein, postdoctoral researcher at UCSF, during a lab tour, adding that there are multiple experiments conducted in the lab to analyze a mouse’s behavior — all this to understand human brain functions better and potentially cure diseases. The tour even showcased a real mouse brain in a test tube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here they get to learn a lot of things that might not be taught in the classroom,” said Zhang Zhe, a first-time attendee visiting with his family from the East Bay. His daughter, fascinated by engineering, was especially drawn to exhibits showing how motors and circuits bring robots to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998962\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Exhibitors show off their robots at the Robot Zoo at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Robot Zoo was another hotspot, where attendees watched one robot called “RoboForce” navigate a maze, and another called \u003ca href=\"https://www.team6418.org/dynamene---2025.html\">Dynamene\u003c/a>, designed to remove algae from reefs. Children gathered around tables to assemble their own robots guided by volunteers and researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of activities that are inspiring for the kids, and super fun for adults as well,” Zhe said, adding that the science festival offers an unforgettable hands-on learning experience for future scientists and engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For South Bay resident Rama Kariyappa, the event was a welcome break from screens and video games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998964\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Festival attendee takes a photo as a nucleus of a cell at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a great place for kids to learn about what’s happening in the world,” he said. “The booths really help inspire kids to choose a path in science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of inspiration is precisely what organizers hope for, said Katherine Nielsen, director at UCSF’s Science & Health Education Partnership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always hear after the event from all of our exhibitors and our sponsors who are there leading activities and how rejuvenating it is for them to get to talk with the public about the work that they do and their passion for science,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get to engage directly with experts who guide each activity, offering a glimpse into real-world research and discovery. For Nielsen, the best part of the festival is the connection it fosters. “It really brings the community together. That’s one of the things that I love about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The air was cool and damp as a drizzle misted over the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998900/the-bay-area-science-festival-2025-is-this-weekend-heres-what-to-expect\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a> on Saturday. But the weather did little to dampen the crowd’s excitement. Families, students and science enthusiasts filled UCSF’s Mission Bay campus for a day full of science experiments, exhibitions, stage events and lab tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.missionscienceworkshop.org/whale-on-wheels\">30-foot whale skeleton inspired by Gracie\u003c/a>, a juvenile gray whale that washed up on Pescadero State Beach in 2014, was on full display. Families gathered around an outdoor aquarium featuring a leopard shark, thanks to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbaymsi.org/\">Marine Science Institute\u003c/a>, and kids made paper rockets that soared through the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lively \u003ca href=\"http://andrewtheartist.com/climate-carnival\">Climate Carnival\u003c/a> invited visitors to play games, make recycled art, and create music with everyday instruments — all designed to spark conversations about climate change and sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indoors, a chicken robot named Gary roamed the floors as kids twisted colorful DNA chains, peered through microscopes, and learned about the Bay Area’s geology, earthquakes and global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors also got a rare peek inside UCSF’s research labs — spaces usually off-limits to the public — exploring everything from neuroscience and human performance to cutting-edge robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child plays with colorful DNA chains at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On one tour, participants learned how researchers conduct experiments with mice to study their brains. Mice are animals with brains genetically similar to those of humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We behave differently when we’re anxious or when we’re experiencing fear, versus when we are feeling courageous. And mice do the same,” explained Alexandra Klein, postdoctoral researcher at UCSF, during a lab tour, adding that there are multiple experiments conducted in the lab to analyze a mouse’s behavior — all this to understand human brain functions better and potentially cure diseases. The tour even showcased a real mouse brain in a test tube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here they get to learn a lot of things that might not be taught in the classroom,” said Zhang Zhe, a first-time attendee visiting with his family from the East Bay. His daughter, fascinated by engineering, was especially drawn to exhibits showing how motors and circuits bring robots to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998962\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Exhibitors show off their robots at the Robot Zoo at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Robot Zoo was another hotspot, where attendees watched one robot called “RoboForce” navigate a maze, and another called \u003ca href=\"https://www.team6418.org/dynamene---2025.html\">Dynamene\u003c/a>, designed to remove algae from reefs. Children gathered around tables to assemble their own robots guided by volunteers and researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of activities that are inspiring for the kids, and super fun for adults as well,” Zhe said, adding that the science festival offers an unforgettable hands-on learning experience for future scientists and engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For South Bay resident Rama Kariyappa, the event was a welcome break from screens and video games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998964\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251027-BASF-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Festival attendee takes a photo as a nucleus of a cell at the Bay Area Science Festival on Oct. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lawrence Luk/Bay Area Science Festival)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a great place for kids to learn about what’s happening in the world,” he said. “The booths really help inspire kids to choose a path in science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of inspiration is precisely what organizers hope for, said Katherine Nielsen, director at UCSF’s Science & Health Education Partnership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We always hear after the event from all of our exhibitors and our sponsors who are there leading activities and how rejuvenating it is for them to get to talk with the public about the work that they do and their passion for science,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get to engage directly with experts who guide each activity, offering a glimpse into real-world research and discovery. For Nielsen, the best part of the festival is the connection it fosters. “It really brings the community together. That’s one of the things that I love about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bay Area’s Getting Wet Again, as an Atmospheric River Opens the Door to Winter",
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"content": "\u003cp>National Weather Service forecasters said the first noteworthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> of the season will hit the Bay Area this weekend, with the most rain north of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A first storm will begin on Friday as it makes its way down the West Coast. A second storm will follow close behind before moving further south later this weekend or early next week. Forecasters said this weekend’s systems will mostly bring beneficial rain to the region and more rain than snow in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People headed to the mountains should be aware that there might be a little snow this weekend, but overall, it’s not looking like a major snowmaker,” said Courtney Carpenter, a warning coordination meteorologist with the weather service’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainfall totals could amount to about an inch in the North Bay and less than a quarter of an inch in San Francisco and San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Take it as a gateway to winter,” said Rachel Kennedy, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “Remember to clean out your gutters, so that way when we do get bigger storms later this winter, you’re prepared for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong or extreme atmospheric rivers can cause excessive downpours and major flooding. For example, in 2022, a family of atmospheric rivers dumped so much rain over California that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">multiple levees crumbled\u003c/a> from the weight and intensity of the water, destroying hundreds of homes and disrupting life for thousands of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every year we get strong storms, and those are the ones that really make the headlines,” said Chad Hecht, a meteorologist based in Sacramento with the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes at the University of California, San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography.[aside postID=science_1998802 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-3-KQED.jpg']Hecht categorizes the atmospheric rivers this weekend as potentially weak or moderate if viewed together — but not the extreme storms that can cause major flooding — indicating they would bring mostly beneficial rain. However, they could also be accompanied by wind, freezing temperatures and nuisance flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But exactly where in the region will receive the most rain is still a little up in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>San Francisco is kind of right in that transition period between precipitation and maybe not so much,” Hecht said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is some extra good news that will also fall this weekend: The earlier the rainy season begins, the less likely wildfires will ignite, Hecht said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do like to say fire season ends when you get your first atmospheric river. Unfortunately, it does not play a role in how the water year is going to play out,” Hecht said. “What happens in October does not always mean anything for the rest of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for those questioning whether to stay indoors or go outside this weekend, Hecht said, “If you’re going hiking, it’s gonna be a pretty miserable day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>National Weather Service forecasters said the first noteworthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\">atmospheric river\u003c/a> of the season will hit the Bay Area this weekend, with the most rain north of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A first storm will begin on Friday as it makes its way down the West Coast. A second storm will follow close behind before moving further south later this weekend or early next week. Forecasters said this weekend’s systems will mostly bring beneficial rain to the region and more rain than snow in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People headed to the mountains should be aware that there might be a little snow this weekend, but overall, it’s not looking like a major snowmaker,” said Courtney Carpenter, a warning coordination meteorologist with the weather service’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainfall totals could amount to about an inch in the North Bay and less than a quarter of an inch in San Francisco and San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Take it as a gateway to winter,” said Rachel Kennedy, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “Remember to clean out your gutters, so that way when we do get bigger storms later this winter, you’re prepared for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong or extreme atmospheric rivers can cause excessive downpours and major flooding. For example, in 2022, a family of atmospheric rivers dumped so much rain over California that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">multiple levees crumbled\u003c/a> from the weight and intensity of the water, destroying hundreds of homes and disrupting life for thousands of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every year we get strong storms, and those are the ones that really make the headlines,” said Chad Hecht, a meteorologist based in Sacramento with the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes at the University of California, San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hecht categorizes the atmospheric rivers this weekend as potentially weak or moderate if viewed together — but not the extreme storms that can cause major flooding — indicating they would bring mostly beneficial rain. However, they could also be accompanied by wind, freezing temperatures and nuisance flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But exactly where in the region will receive the most rain is still a little up in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>San Francisco is kind of right in that transition period between precipitation and maybe not so much,” Hecht said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is some extra good news that will also fall this weekend: The earlier the rainy season begins, the less likely wildfires will ignite, Hecht said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do like to say fire season ends when you get your first atmospheric river. Unfortunately, it does not play a role in how the water year is going to play out,” Hecht said. “What happens in October does not always mean anything for the rest of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for those questioning whether to stay indoors or go outside this weekend, Hecht said, “If you’re going hiking, it’s gonna be a pretty miserable day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Science is taking over \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ucsf\">UCSF’s\u003c/a> Mission Bay campus later this month, and everyone’s invited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a three-year break, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a>, Northern California’s largest free science celebration, returns Oct. 25, with more than 120 hands-on experiments, demonstrations, and tours for all ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one-day event runs from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. and promises everything from live leopard sharks to a 30-foot whale skeleton, plus plenty of chances to touch, tinker, and explore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival, organized by UCSF’s Science & Health Education Partnership, was first launched in 2011 and quickly became a beloved fall tradition. After several years at Oracle Park, where attendance reached around 20,000, the event is making its Mission Bay debut, with organizers expecting about 10,000 visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said the festival’s hiatus was due to staffing changes and a move to the Mission Bay campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998901\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-2000x1331.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees of the Bay Area Science Festival learn about insects in 2014. The Bay Area Science Festival is back at UCSF Mission Bay this year. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gamma Nine Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a few years since our last festival, and we’re really excited to bring it to Mission Bay,” said Katherine Nielsen, director of the partnership. “This campus gives us new opportunities, like behind-the-scenes lab tours and stage events, that we couldn’t offer at the ballpark.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/festival-2025/tours/\">explore UCSF labs\u003c/a> usually closed to the public, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/emotions-motivation-and-neuroscience/\">neuroscience\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/unlocking-human-performance-and-assessing-functional-movement/\">human performance studies\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/tour-of-a-biotech-laboratory/\">cutting-edge robotics\u003c/a>. One of the lab tours will show visitors how our brain processes our feelings every day, with scientists sharing their research on human emotions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popular “robot zoo” will return, featuring local high school robotics teams, alongside a variety of outdoor experiments. Festivalgoers can even roast marshmallows using sunlight and a parabolic mirror, peek at their own brainwaves, or learn how 3D printing helps surgeons plan operations.[aside postID=science_1998136 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/250730-COMMUNITYFARM-08-KQED.jpg']There will be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/deep-look/\">screening of KQED’s “Deep Look” up-close wildlife videos\u003c/a> — including Halloween-themed episodes featuring spiders, beetles, and owls — followed by a behind-the-scenes discussion about how the slow-motion nature series is made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can also be a part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/thats-absurd-please-elaborate/\">live taping \u003c/a>of \u003ca href=\"https://thatsabsurdshow.com/\">That’s Absurd Please Elaborate\u003c/a> — a podcast that answers all things weird and science — with hosts Trace Dominguez and Julian Huguet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival brings together more than 85 Bay Area organizations, from UC Berkeley and Chabot Space & Science Center to the U.S. Geological Survey and Mission Science Workshop. For Nielsen, that collaboration is what makes the event so meaningful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a great time to experience everything from geology, learning about volcanoes to neuroscience and how our nerve cells work, how our brains work,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I love about this festival is the connection,” she said. “You’re not just doing an activity, you’re talking with the scientists and engineers who do this work every day. We hear from attendees about how inspiring that is, and from researchers about how rejuvenating it feels to share their passion with the public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival is free and open to everyone, with food trucks and campus restaurants on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Science is taking over \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ucsf\">UCSF’s\u003c/a> Mission Bay campus later this month, and everyone’s invited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a three-year break, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a>, Northern California’s largest free science celebration, returns Oct. 25, with more than 120 hands-on experiments, demonstrations, and tours for all ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one-day event runs from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. and promises everything from live leopard sharks to a 30-foot whale skeleton, plus plenty of chances to touch, tinker, and explore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival, organized by UCSF’s Science & Health Education Partnership, was first launched in 2011 and quickly became a beloved fall tradition. After several years at Oracle Park, where attendance reached around 20,000, the event is making its Mission Bay debut, with organizers expecting about 10,000 visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said the festival’s hiatus was due to staffing changes and a move to the Mission Bay campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998901\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-2000x1331.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/2-BASF-Learning-About-Insects-_Credit-Gamma-Nine-Photography-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees of the Bay Area Science Festival learn about insects in 2014. The Bay Area Science Festival is back at UCSF Mission Bay this year. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Gamma Nine Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a few years since our last festival, and we’re really excited to bring it to Mission Bay,” said Katherine Nielsen, director of the partnership. “This campus gives us new opportunities, like behind-the-scenes lab tours and stage events, that we couldn’t offer at the ballpark.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/festival-2025/tours/\">explore UCSF labs\u003c/a> usually closed to the public, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/emotions-motivation-and-neuroscience/\">neuroscience\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/unlocking-human-performance-and-assessing-functional-movement/\">human performance studies\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/tour-of-a-biotech-laboratory/\">cutting-edge robotics\u003c/a>. One of the lab tours will show visitors how our brain processes our feelings every day, with scientists sharing their research on human emotions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popular “robot zoo” will return, featuring local high school robotics teams, alongside a variety of outdoor experiments. Festivalgoers can even roast marshmallows using sunlight and a parabolic mirror, peek at their own brainwaves, or learn how 3D printing helps surgeons plan operations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There will be a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/deep-look/\">screening of KQED’s “Deep Look” up-close wildlife videos\u003c/a> — including Halloween-themed episodes featuring spiders, beetles, and owls — followed by a behind-the-scenes discussion about how the slow-motion nature series is made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can also be a part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/event/thats-absurd-please-elaborate/\">live taping \u003c/a>of \u003ca href=\"https://thatsabsurdshow.com/\">That’s Absurd Please Elaborate\u003c/a> — a podcast that answers all things weird and science — with hosts Trace Dominguez and Julian Huguet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival brings together more than 85 Bay Area organizations, from UC Berkeley and Chabot Space & Science Center to the U.S. Geological Survey and Mission Science Workshop. For Nielsen, that collaboration is what makes the event so meaningful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a great time to experience everything from geology, learning about volcanoes to neuroscience and how our nerve cells work, how our brains work,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things I love about this festival is the connection,” she said. “You’re not just doing an activity, you’re talking with the scientists and engineers who do this work every day. We hear from attendees about how inspiring that is, and from researchers about how rejuvenating it feels to share their passion with the public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival is free and open to everyone, with food trucks and campus restaurants on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Children climbed up fire engines, gripped hoses, and fired bursts of water to knock down wooden flames in the windows of small model houses. Local gardening experts offered tips on growing native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I heard someone was lighting things on fire somewhere. And nearby goats lounged in the shade in a pen. Some looked around. Some serenely closed their eyes. I was hoping one of them might like to make a sound into my microphone for a radio story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not very personable,” said their human, Bianca Shapiro, project manager at Star Creek Land Stewards, a targeted grazing operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome to Ember Stomp, a free festival hosted by the nonprofit Fire Safe Marin, focused on wildfire safety and preparedness. Held at the Marin Civic Center last month — home to the county fair — Ember Stomp felt like a small-town music festival, complete with food trucks and kid-friendly activities. There were no beer gardens or concert stages, but a lively marching band did parade through the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of agencies — including all of Marin’s fire departments — joined forces with nonprofits to showcase fire prevention programs and community resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vendors offered fire-resistant building materials, rooftop sprinklers, and landscape design for defensible space. Everyone was eager to share their piece of the wildfire protection puzzle. Organizers estimate about 6,000 people attended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998826\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998826 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-768x642.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-1536x1284.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Quarles, a pioneering researcher in how to make buildings more resistant to fire, begins a burn demonstration to illustrate the difference between fire-resistant siding and normal siding at the Ember Stomp festival in Marin on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I came curious: What do you see at a fire-prep festival? What did people who were willing to devote part of a precious Saturday to learning about fire-resistant siding make of it? Should Marin’s model be an example?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin’s public outreach around wildfire resilience has grown in recent years, thanks in large part to something unique in California — and possibly the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, Marin charged a county-wide group of officials with the task of preventing wildfire destruction, organized around a joint powers authority and funded by a voter-approved parcel tax.[aside postID=science_1998746 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/240109-CAWindStorm-076_qed.jpg']This organization, the Marin Wildfire Prevention Authority, supports Fire Safe Marin and helps drive local preparedness initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Marin has found a great way to create a local funding stream that has been a critical innovation, especially in a landscape where we see fluctuations in the availability of state and federal funds,” said Jacy Hyde, executive director for the California Fire Safe Council, during a recent state wildfire task force meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cited Marin’s group as a model for other counties looking to invest directly in their own wildfire resilience priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county’s fire risk is still substantial, the way to start chipping away at that danger is through spurring people to take action. Money invested for safety ahead of time generally pays off richly down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building go bags and prepping fire-ready homes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jessamyn Hise, community outreach manager for Fire Safe Marin, greeted people at a table about assembling a “go bag.” What many don’t understand, she said, is that a go bag need not be expensive and likely will not require the purchase of a lot of new stuff. I came away with a printed checklist and renewed mental resolve to check and revamp my own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I followed the sound of excited squeals to an activity on the edge of the festival. Kids and firefighters aimed water hoses at a small pretend house and knocked down wooden flames in the upper window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After whoops and cheers for each kid, firefighters then popped the flames back up, pulling a length of rope — the same sort of technology used in old carnival games where players might knock down a duck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998824 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-768x524.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-1536x1048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Different types of bark mulch display varying resistance to carrying fire, as part of the live burn demonstrations at Marin’s Ember Stomp Festival on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Close to the human kids, the aloof goats from Star Creek Land Stewards gave project manager Shapiro a chance to talk about the case for using adorable grazers to prepare landscapes for fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Star Creek manages about 8,000 goats and 3,000 sheep that work around the state to eat grass and brush, leaving the land safer in case a fire breaks out. Shapiro explained that grazing, like all vegetation management techniques, has advantages and drawbacks. Some of the pluses include avoiding chemical herbicides that are used by some land managers to knock back weeds, and avoiding smoke or the risk of a fire escape, as would be present during a prescribed fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro said, crews that use tools to clear plants by hand work well in many places, but noted, “There are lots of zones where goats or sheep just have a much easier time climbing the hill and munching at the same time. The other asset is that sheep and goats, rather than just cutting things and leaving them on the ground, they digest it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, I scouted out a few vendors. Pacific Gas and Electric offered free manzanita and California laurel plant starters the size of small basketballs, along with advice on landscaping with other utility-friendly plants, whose roots won’t puncture watermains or whose branches won’t grow so tall as to interfere with powerlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998825\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1349\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-768x518.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-1536x1036.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees observe a live burn demonstration at Marin’s fire safety festival, Ember Stomp, on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>United Policyholders, a nonprofit helping consumers navigate fire insurance, shared advice, a listening ear and giveaway flashlights, powered by a hand crank instead of batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the main attraction of the day was live burn demonstrations, showing the effectiveness of fire-resistant building materials and retrofitting techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a penned-off area, at the end of the two charmingly named corridors “Home Hardening Way” and “Environmental Alley,” Steve Quarles was setting things on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quarles, an experienced researcher and expert in how to keep buildings safe from fires, showed how things like fire-resistant soffits perform when fires burn underneath them. A firefighter assisting him piled glowing embers on top of four different types of mesh vents. Depending on the size of the grain, the mesh let burning embers in or kept them out. The best performers are clearly the sixteenth-of-an-inch mesh.[aside postID=science_1998787 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/240110-CAWindStorm-007_qed.jpg']“Embers that can pass through here typically don’t have enough energy to ignite things on the other side,” Quarles said. “Not the case for the quarter-inch and not the case of the half-inch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One type of sixteenth-inch mesh is ember-resistant but could let in flames. The state fire marshal approves the other to be flame-resistant, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 90% of home ignitions during fires start from embers sneaking inside the house, not from flames. So, keeping them out was a main message for the day. Hence the name, “Ember Stomp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event is a main focus of Fire Safe Marin’s public education efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving the festival, people carried their giveaways from exhibitors, masks to shield from smoke, buckets to hold evacuation supplies and a couple of big smiles from Peter Kacherginsky and his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They live nearby in Lucas Valley and had a fire near them last year. They attended for tips on how to make their home safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it was great, very informative,” he said. “We want to do some kind of sprinkler system on the roof – that seemed to have worked in L.A. fires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re looking to design their backyard to be ready for fires. He looked down at his two kids with red plastic firefighter helmets on their heads, bouncing up and down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The kids loved it also.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Children climbed up fire engines, gripped hoses, and fired bursts of water to knock down wooden flames in the windows of small model houses. Local gardening experts offered tips on growing native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I heard someone was lighting things on fire somewhere. And nearby goats lounged in the shade in a pen. Some looked around. Some serenely closed their eyes. I was hoping one of them might like to make a sound into my microphone for a radio story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not very personable,” said their human, Bianca Shapiro, project manager at Star Creek Land Stewards, a targeted grazing operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome to Ember Stomp, a free festival hosted by the nonprofit Fire Safe Marin, focused on wildfire safety and preparedness. Held at the Marin Civic Center last month — home to the county fair — Ember Stomp felt like a small-town music festival, complete with food trucks and kid-friendly activities. There were no beer gardens or concert stages, but a lively marching band did parade through the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of agencies — including all of Marin’s fire departments — joined forces with nonprofits to showcase fire prevention programs and community resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vendors offered fire-resistant building materials, rooftop sprinklers, and landscape design for defensible space. Everyone was eager to share their piece of the wildfire protection puzzle. Organizers estimate about 6,000 people attended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998826\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998826 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1672\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-768x642.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-03-KQED-1536x1284.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Quarles, a pioneering researcher in how to make buildings more resistant to fire, begins a burn demonstration to illustrate the difference between fire-resistant siding and normal siding at the Ember Stomp festival in Marin on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I came curious: What do you see at a fire-prep festival? What did people who were willing to devote part of a precious Saturday to learning about fire-resistant siding make of it? Should Marin’s model be an example?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin’s public outreach around wildfire resilience has grown in recent years, thanks in large part to something unique in California — and possibly the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, Marin charged a county-wide group of officials with the task of preventing wildfire destruction, organized around a joint powers authority and funded by a voter-approved parcel tax.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This organization, the Marin Wildfire Prevention Authority, supports Fire Safe Marin and helps drive local preparedness initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Marin has found a great way to create a local funding stream that has been a critical innovation, especially in a landscape where we see fluctuations in the availability of state and federal funds,” said Jacy Hyde, executive director for the California Fire Safe Council, during a recent state wildfire task force meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cited Marin’s group as a model for other counties looking to invest directly in their own wildfire resilience priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county’s fire risk is still substantial, the way to start chipping away at that danger is through spurring people to take action. Money invested for safety ahead of time generally pays off richly down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building go bags and prepping fire-ready homes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jessamyn Hise, community outreach manager for Fire Safe Marin, greeted people at a table about assembling a “go bag.” What many don’t understand, she said, is that a go bag need not be expensive and likely will not require the purchase of a lot of new stuff. I came away with a printed checklist and renewed mental resolve to check and revamp my own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I followed the sound of excited squeals to an activity on the edge of the festival. Kids and firefighters aimed water hoses at a small pretend house and knocked down wooden flames in the upper window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After whoops and cheers for each kid, firefighters then popped the flames back up, pulling a length of rope — the same sort of technology used in old carnival games where players might knock down a duck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998824 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-768x524.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-01-KQED-1536x1048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Different types of bark mulch display varying resistance to carrying fire, as part of the live burn demonstrations at Marin’s Ember Stomp Festival on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Close to the human kids, the aloof goats from Star Creek Land Stewards gave project manager Shapiro a chance to talk about the case for using adorable grazers to prepare landscapes for fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Star Creek manages about 8,000 goats and 3,000 sheep that work around the state to eat grass and brush, leaving the land safer in case a fire breaks out. Shapiro explained that grazing, like all vegetation management techniques, has advantages and drawbacks. Some of the pluses include avoiding chemical herbicides that are used by some land managers to knock back weeds, and avoiding smoke or the risk of a fire escape, as would be present during a prescribed fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro said, crews that use tools to clear plants by hand work well in many places, but noted, “There are lots of zones where goats or sheep just have a much easier time climbing the hill and munching at the same time. The other asset is that sheep and goats, rather than just cutting things and leaving them on the ground, they digest it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, I scouted out a few vendors. Pacific Gas and Electric offered free manzanita and California laurel plant starters the size of small basketballs, along with advice on landscaping with other utility-friendly plants, whose roots won’t puncture watermains or whose branches won’t grow so tall as to interfere with powerlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998825\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1349\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-768x518.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/251015-EMBER-STOMP-02-KQED-1536x1036.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees observe a live burn demonstration at Marin’s fire safety festival, Ember Stomp, on Sept. 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Terry Scussel/Fire Safe Marin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>United Policyholders, a nonprofit helping consumers navigate fire insurance, shared advice, a listening ear and giveaway flashlights, powered by a hand crank instead of batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the main attraction of the day was live burn demonstrations, showing the effectiveness of fire-resistant building materials and retrofitting techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a penned-off area, at the end of the two charmingly named corridors “Home Hardening Way” and “Environmental Alley,” Steve Quarles was setting things on fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quarles, an experienced researcher and expert in how to keep buildings safe from fires, showed how things like fire-resistant soffits perform when fires burn underneath them. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Embers that can pass through here typically don’t have enough energy to ignite things on the other side,” Quarles said. “Not the case for the quarter-inch and not the case of the half-inch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One type of sixteenth-inch mesh is ember-resistant but could let in flames. The state fire marshal approves the other to be flame-resistant, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Up to 90% of home ignitions during fires start from embers sneaking inside the house, not from flames. So, keeping them out was a main message for the day. Hence the name, “Ember Stomp.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event is a main focus of Fire Safe Marin’s public education efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving the festival, people carried their giveaways from exhibitors, masks to shield from smoke, buckets to hold evacuation supplies and a couple of big smiles from Peter Kacherginsky and his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They live nearby in Lucas Valley and had a fire near them last year. They attended for tips on how to make their home safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it was great, very informative,” he said. “We want to do some kind of sprinkler system on the roof – that seemed to have worked in L.A. fires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re looking to design their backyard to be ready for fires. He looked down at his two kids with red plastic firefighter helmets on their heads, bouncing up and down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The kids loved it also.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-otters-could-face-new-threats-if-trump-weakens-law-for-endangered-animals",
"title": "California Sea Otters Could Face New Threats if Trump Weakens Law for Endangered Animals",
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"headTitle": "California Sea Otters Could Face New Threats if Trump Weakens Law for Endangered Animals | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gena Bentall paddled her kayak deep into \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/elkhorn-slough\">Elkhorn Slough\u003c/a> on the lookout for the flip of a tail or the bob of a head. About a mile in, sea \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052889/healthy-otters-lead-to-a-happy-ecosystem-in-monterey-countys-elkhorn-slough\">otters\u003c/a> bobbed in the water everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some dove under the water while munching on crab parts. Others floated on their backs, pups sprawled on their bellies. At 2 miles in, she spotted a raft of about 15 sea otters clustered together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time I watch a mom with a pup, my heart flutters a little bit,” said Bentall, director and senior scientist with the nonprofit Sea Otter Savvy. “They are so devoted and so caring with their pups that it gets me in the feels every single time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around a hundred southern sea otters make their home in Elkhorn Slough, a 7-mile-long tidal marsh and estuary on Monterey Bay, which is also home to a diverse array of birds, plants, fish, and other marine mammals. Some call it one of the state’s last great coastal wetlands, which conservationists have fought to preserve for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen ecosystems restored as they recovered,” Bentall said. “They’re bringing with them a wave of biodiversity, recovery, resilience and restoration that goes way beyond just the restoration of their numbers. It’s all linked together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bentall and other wildlife enthusiasts are concerned that those preservation efforts could be threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998531\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gena Bentall, a sea otter biologist with more than two decades of field experience from Russia’s Commander Islands to California’s coast, surveys the water from her kayak in the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve near Moss Landing, California, on Sept. 16, 2025. Bentall is the founder of Sea Otter Savvy, an organization that educates the public on reducing human disturbance in otter habitats. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In April, the Trump administration proposed limiting the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/04/17/2025-06746/rescinding-the-definition-of-harm-under-the-endangered-species-act\">Endangered Species Act’s power\u003c/a> to preserve habitats. Ecologists argue that the move could have severe consequences for a wide range of ecosystems and species, including the southern sea otter, which is listed as \u003ca href=\"https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8560\">threatened under federal law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service proposed altering the text of the Endangered Species Act to redefine the word “harm” as it pertains to endangered species, a term that has been interpreted to include ecosystem protections. The law would likely still forbid any action that hurts or kills an endangered animal, but could no longer extend protections to the habitats where they live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the change claim environmentalists have abused the law to limit real estate development, farming, logging and other business activities.[aside postID=news_12059734 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/MontereyBayAquariumOttersGetty.jpg']What this would mean for Elkhorn Slough, the only estuary along the West Coast where sea otters have significantly colonized, won’t be known until after the final rule is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, wildlife advocates and scientists argue that protecting species and their environments go hand in hand. While the sea otters have helped stabilize marshland and promote eelgrass growth, ultimately mitigating some of the worst effects of human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, April Ridlon, director of science for the U.S. Ocean Conservation Program at the Monterey Bay Aquarium, said otters rely on the living ecosystem for their survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have anything to eat, we can pick up, feed and nurture otters, and release them as much as we want, but if the ecosystems they’re going back to are degraded they’re not going to fare well,” Ridlon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal wildlife officials published a proposal in the Federal Register that said they are “undertaking this change to adhere to the single, best meaning” of the Endangered Species Act. A federal spokesperson told KQED they would not “speculate” on how sea otters would be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hundreds of thousands of comments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over 350,000 responses flooded in during the public comment period that ended in May. Of the thousands of comments from Californians, the majority opposed the rule change. Some groups labeled it an act of “insanity,” while others argued that maintaining the current definition is “vital protection for endangered species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen museums, aquariums and wildlife groups sent a joint letter to the federal government strongly \u003ca href=\"https://www.aquariumconservation.org/protectimls\">urging the withdrawal\u003c/a> of the proposed rule. They note that “habitat destruction is the greatest driver of species extinction” and removing harm from the definition “runs contrary to the intent of the” act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998532\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998532\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kayakers paddle through Elkhorn Slough as a sea otter floats nearby. Conservationists warn that proposed rollbacks to Endangered Species Act protections could threaten the species’ recovery. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Comments from supporters argued, on the other hand, that scaling back enforcement would address a “longstanding obstacle that has blocked countless necessary projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 40 supporters — including major farm organizations and water agencies — wrote a letter\u003ca href=\"https://www.familyfarmalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/FINAL-Coalition-Comment-Letter-ESA-Harm-Rule-051925.pdf\"> arguing regulators’ interpretation of the act is too broad\u003c/a> and has resulted in the slowing, halting, or blocking of “activities that are critical to sustain the economic livelihoods of private landowners, farmers, ranchers, water users,” and rural communities. They wrote that projects are often tied up in expensive lawsuits, excessive permitting, even in areas where endangered species may no longer live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ian Lyle, director of federal relations for the Association of California Water Agencies, argues the change would pave the way for developing water infrastructure — everything from desalination to new storage to water recycling — in a way that “balances the needs of species with the needs of California and communities in the face of climate resilience needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kari Fisher, senior director and counsel of the California Farm Bureau Federation, which represents hundreds of farmers, told KQED that farmers care about wildlife, and if there’s a concern about a species, that would still be addressed. But said the change could pave the way for growers and species to coexist, “as well as economic prosperity for farmers and ranchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The poster child for top predators’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Fur traders hunted sea otters almost to extinction during the 18th and 19th centuries, and in California, their numbers dwindled to around 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are more than 3,000 sea otters in California, and they’re “all descendants of those incredible tough survivors that managed to evade the fur trade,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998529\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998529 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two sea otters swim in the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve near Moss Landing, California, as an electric-powered catamaran wildlife tour passes in the background on Sept. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The resurgence of the furry animals is a testament to the restoration efforts of wildlife officials, environmental protections, and organizations like the Monterey Bay Aquarium, which rehabilitate sea otters and release them into Elkhorn Slough and other conservation areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea otters still face risks, such as white sharks that bite and kill them, mistaking them for seals. Bentall said the prevalence of sharks along the California coast is one reason the species has had trouble extending its home range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other issue is the \u003ca href=\"http://nsf.gov/news/collapse-northern-california-kelp-forests-will-be\">loss of around 95%\u003c/a> of Northern California’s kelp forests, where sea otters historically found refuge and foraged for crabs, abalone, snails and other food. Human-caused climate change, warming the Pacific Ocean, has led to \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/science/1973217/in-central-california-sea-otters-feast-on-purple-urchins-and-thats-good-for-kelp\">urchin outbreaks\u003c/a> and declining sea star populations.[aside postID=news_12058007 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/Hope-and-Bounce2.jpg']Kelp along the Central Coast has fared better. A 2021 study by researchers from UC Santa Cruz and the Monterey Bay Aquarium found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2012493118\">the presence of sea otters in Monterey Bay\u003c/a> slowed the decline of kelp, resulting in areas of lush kelp forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Elkhorn Slough, with the highest concentration of sea otters in the state, has proven a haven for otters. \u003ca href=\"https://biology.sonoma.edu/faculty-staff/brent-b-hughes\">Brent Hughes\u003c/a>, a biologist at Sonoma State University, who studies sea otter habitats, found that the furry creatures are restabilizing marshlands by consuming an overabundance of crabs that have eaten away at their banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re kind of like the poster child for top predators and conservation,” Hughes said. “There are now generations of sea otters at Elkhorn Slough that have never even seen a kelp forest. All they know are these salt marshes and seagrass beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By removing swarms of crabs, both native and invasive, sea otters opened the door for eelgrass to flourish, creating a lush bed that can better sequester carbon in its root systems and soil — much like the trees of a redwood forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just the sea otter numbers coming back, it’s whole ecosystems,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It’s mind-boggling’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even if the federal government decides to more narrowly interpret its conservation law, other protections remain in place for species like sea otters. The Marine Mammal Protection Act — also, \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/republicans-weaken-50-year-law-protecting-whales-seals-126425918\">under threat by Republican lawmakers\u003c/a> — protects not only sea otters but also all marine mammals from harassment. Meanwhile, Elkhorn Slough is part of the NOAA Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary and the National Estuarine Research Reserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ridlon, with the Monterey Bay Aquarium, said it won’t just be sea otters and their habitat at risk. There are \u003ca href=\"https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/reports/ad-hoc-species-report?kingdom=V&kingdom=I&status=E&status=T&status=EmE&status=EmT&status=EXPE&status=EXPN&status=SAE&status=SAT&mapstatus=3&fcrithab=on&fstatus=on&fspecrule=on&finvpop=on&fgroup=on&header=Listed+Animals\">more than 1,500 threatened and endangered species \u003c/a>on the federal Endangered Species List.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998535\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sea otters swim in Elkhorn Slough as an electric-powered catamaran wildlife tour passes in the background on Sept. 16, 2025. The estuary is one of California’s largest tidal waterways and a refuge for the threatened species. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s mind-boggling when you think about how many species and the recovery of how many populations could actually be affected by a change like this,” Ridlon said. “It’s huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For sea otters, whose populations are rebounding, Ridlon said scaling back regulations “feels like pulling the rug out from under one of the essential protections that has allowed us to make that progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Bentall’s way back to the docks, two sea otters popped up a few feet from her kayak, fighting over a shellfish. Bentall said they’re oblivious to the federal tug-of-war over protections that just might have the power to alter their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Elkhorn Slough’s capacity to hold sea otters is nearly full, Bentall said she would like to see the otter population spread along the entire California coastline to recover its historical range. She dreams of seeing sea otters where she grew up in Laguna Beach, in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d love to see sea otters back in my hometown down in Southern California someday and sit on the beach and look out and watch a raft of sea otters,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Advocates say Southern sea otters are thriving in California’s Elkhorn Slough, but could face new risks if a proposed law change weakens the Endangered Species Act.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gena Bentall paddled her kayak deep into \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/elkhorn-slough\">Elkhorn Slough\u003c/a> on the lookout for the flip of a tail or the bob of a head. About a mile in, sea \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052889/healthy-otters-lead-to-a-happy-ecosystem-in-monterey-countys-elkhorn-slough\">otters\u003c/a> bobbed in the water everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some dove under the water while munching on crab parts. Others floated on their backs, pups sprawled on their bellies. At 2 miles in, she spotted a raft of about 15 sea otters clustered together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every time I watch a mom with a pup, my heart flutters a little bit,” said Bentall, director and senior scientist with the nonprofit Sea Otter Savvy. “They are so devoted and so caring with their pups that it gets me in the feels every single time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around a hundred southern sea otters make their home in Elkhorn Slough, a 7-mile-long tidal marsh and estuary on Monterey Bay, which is also home to a diverse array of birds, plants, fish, and other marine mammals. Some call it one of the state’s last great coastal wetlands, which conservationists have fought to preserve for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen ecosystems restored as they recovered,” Bentall said. “They’re bringing with them a wave of biodiversity, recovery, resilience and restoration that goes way beyond just the restoration of their numbers. It’s all linked together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bentall and other wildlife enthusiasts are concerned that those preservation efforts could be threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998531\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-5-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gena Bentall, a sea otter biologist with more than two decades of field experience from Russia’s Commander Islands to California’s coast, surveys the water from her kayak in the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve near Moss Landing, California, on Sept. 16, 2025. Bentall is the founder of Sea Otter Savvy, an organization that educates the public on reducing human disturbance in otter habitats. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In April, the Trump administration proposed limiting the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/04/17/2025-06746/rescinding-the-definition-of-harm-under-the-endangered-species-act\">Endangered Species Act’s power\u003c/a> to preserve habitats. Ecologists argue that the move could have severe consequences for a wide range of ecosystems and species, including the southern sea otter, which is listed as \u003ca href=\"https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8560\">threatened under federal law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service proposed altering the text of the Endangered Species Act to redefine the word “harm” as it pertains to endangered species, a term that has been interpreted to include ecosystem protections. The law would likely still forbid any action that hurts or kills an endangered animal, but could no longer extend protections to the habitats where they live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the change claim environmentalists have abused the law to limit real estate development, farming, logging and other business activities.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>What this would mean for Elkhorn Slough, the only estuary along the West Coast where sea otters have significantly colonized, won’t be known until after the final rule is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, wildlife advocates and scientists argue that protecting species and their environments go hand in hand. While the sea otters have helped stabilize marshland and promote eelgrass growth, ultimately mitigating some of the worst effects of human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, April Ridlon, director of science for the U.S. Ocean Conservation Program at the Monterey Bay Aquarium, said otters rely on the living ecosystem for their survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have anything to eat, we can pick up, feed and nurture otters, and release them as much as we want, but if the ecosystems they’re going back to are degraded they’re not going to fare well,” Ridlon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal wildlife officials published a proposal in the Federal Register that said they are “undertaking this change to adhere to the single, best meaning” of the Endangered Species Act. A federal spokesperson told KQED they would not “speculate” on how sea otters would be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hundreds of thousands of comments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over 350,000 responses flooded in during the public comment period that ended in May. Of the thousands of comments from Californians, the majority opposed the rule change. Some groups labeled it an act of “insanity,” while others argued that maintaining the current definition is “vital protection for endangered species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen museums, aquariums and wildlife groups sent a joint letter to the federal government strongly \u003ca href=\"https://www.aquariumconservation.org/protectimls\">urging the withdrawal\u003c/a> of the proposed rule. They note that “habitat destruction is the greatest driver of species extinction” and removing harm from the definition “runs contrary to the intent of the” act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998532\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998532\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-9-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kayakers paddle through Elkhorn Slough as a sea otter floats nearby. Conservationists warn that proposed rollbacks to Endangered Species Act protections could threaten the species’ recovery. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Comments from supporters argued, on the other hand, that scaling back enforcement would address a “longstanding obstacle that has blocked countless necessary projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 40 supporters — including major farm organizations and water agencies — wrote a letter\u003ca href=\"https://www.familyfarmalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/FINAL-Coalition-Comment-Letter-ESA-Harm-Rule-051925.pdf\"> arguing regulators’ interpretation of the act is too broad\u003c/a> and has resulted in the slowing, halting, or blocking of “activities that are critical to sustain the economic livelihoods of private landowners, farmers, ranchers, water users,” and rural communities. They wrote that projects are often tied up in expensive lawsuits, excessive permitting, even in areas where endangered species may no longer live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ian Lyle, director of federal relations for the Association of California Water Agencies, argues the change would pave the way for developing water infrastructure — everything from desalination to new storage to water recycling — in a way that “balances the needs of species with the needs of California and communities in the face of climate resilience needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kari Fisher, senior director and counsel of the California Farm Bureau Federation, which represents hundreds of farmers, told KQED that farmers care about wildlife, and if there’s a concern about a species, that would still be addressed. But said the change could pave the way for growers and species to coexist, “as well as economic prosperity for farmers and ranchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The poster child for top predators’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Fur traders hunted sea otters almost to extinction during the 18th and 19th centuries, and in California, their numbers dwindled to around 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are more than 3,000 sea otters in California, and they’re “all descendants of those incredible tough survivors that managed to evade the fur trade,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998529\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998529 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two sea otters swim in the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve near Moss Landing, California, as an electric-powered catamaran wildlife tour passes in the background on Sept. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The resurgence of the furry animals is a testament to the restoration efforts of wildlife officials, environmental protections, and organizations like the Monterey Bay Aquarium, which rehabilitate sea otters and release them into Elkhorn Slough and other conservation areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea otters still face risks, such as white sharks that bite and kill them, mistaking them for seals. Bentall said the prevalence of sharks along the California coast is one reason the species has had trouble extending its home range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other issue is the \u003ca href=\"http://nsf.gov/news/collapse-northern-california-kelp-forests-will-be\">loss of around 95%\u003c/a> of Northern California’s kelp forests, where sea otters historically found refuge and foraged for crabs, abalone, snails and other food. Human-caused climate change, warming the Pacific Ocean, has led to \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/science/1973217/in-central-california-sea-otters-feast-on-purple-urchins-and-thats-good-for-kelp\">urchin outbreaks\u003c/a> and declining sea star populations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Kelp along the Central Coast has fared better. A 2021 study by researchers from UC Santa Cruz and the Monterey Bay Aquarium found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2012493118\">the presence of sea otters in Monterey Bay\u003c/a> slowed the decline of kelp, resulting in areas of lush kelp forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Elkhorn Slough, with the highest concentration of sea otters in the state, has proven a haven for otters. \u003ca href=\"https://biology.sonoma.edu/faculty-staff/brent-b-hughes\">Brent Hughes\u003c/a>, a biologist at Sonoma State University, who studies sea otter habitats, found that the furry creatures are restabilizing marshlands by consuming an overabundance of crabs that have eaten away at their banks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re kind of like the poster child for top predators and conservation,” Hughes said. “There are now generations of sea otters at Elkhorn Slough that have never even seen a kelp forest. All they know are these salt marshes and seagrass beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By removing swarms of crabs, both native and invasive, sea otters opened the door for eelgrass to flourish, creating a lush bed that can better sequester carbon in its root systems and soil — much like the trees of a redwood forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just the sea otter numbers coming back, it’s whole ecosystems,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It’s mind-boggling’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even if the federal government decides to more narrowly interpret its conservation law, other protections remain in place for species like sea otters. The Marine Mammal Protection Act — also, \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/republicans-weaken-50-year-law-protecting-whales-seals-126425918\">under threat by Republican lawmakers\u003c/a> — protects not only sea otters but also all marine mammals from harassment. Meanwhile, Elkhorn Slough is part of the NOAA Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary and the National Estuarine Research Reserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Ridlon, with the Monterey Bay Aquarium, said it won’t just be sea otters and their habitat at risk. There are \u003ca href=\"https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/reports/ad-hoc-species-report?kingdom=V&kingdom=I&status=E&status=T&status=EmE&status=EmT&status=EXPE&status=EXPN&status=SAE&status=SAT&mapstatus=3&fcrithab=on&fstatus=on&fspecrule=on&finvpop=on&fgroup=on&header=Listed+Animals\">more than 1,500 threatened and endangered species \u003c/a>on the federal Endangered Species List.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998535\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-28-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sea otters swim in Elkhorn Slough as an electric-powered catamaran wildlife tour passes in the background on Sept. 16, 2025. The estuary is one of California’s largest tidal waterways and a refuge for the threatened species. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s mind-boggling when you think about how many species and the recovery of how many populations could actually be affected by a change like this,” Ridlon said. “It’s huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For sea otters, whose populations are rebounding, Ridlon said scaling back regulations “feels like pulling the rug out from under one of the essential protections that has allowed us to make that progress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Bentall’s way back to the docks, two sea otters popped up a few feet from her kayak, fighting over a shellfish. Bentall said they’re oblivious to the federal tug-of-war over protections that just might have the power to alter their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Elkhorn Slough’s capacity to hold sea otters is nearly full, Bentall said she would like to see the otter population spread along the entire California coastline to recover its historical range. She dreams of seeing sea otters where she grew up in Laguna Beach, in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d love to see sea otters back in my hometown down in Southern California someday and sit on the beach and look out and watch a raft of sea otters,” Bentall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Facing Terminal Childhood Cancer, These Mothers Made an Impossible Choice",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the fall of 2021, Kate Hallward noticed her 11-year-old son Sam squinting. His right eyelid sagged, just a little — the kind of thing most parents would chalk up to fatigue. But when it lingered, she called the pediatrician. A neurological exam ended with an unsettling suggestion: schedule an MRI, just to be safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month dragged by before they finally landed an appointment. By the time results came back, Christmas lights twinkled in their Berkeley neighborhood. Inside the hospital, Hallward and her husband learned about a mass on their son’s brain stem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors diagnosed Sam with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, or DIPG. Surgery was not an option. Radiation might buy him a few months, but the average survival rate is less than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was totally stunning,” Hallward said. “I yelled at the doctor. I almost needed to be physically restrained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news left Hallward and her husband with an impossible choice, one that thousands of parents of children with brain tumors face each year. Should they gamble on experimental trials that would tether Sam to a hospital bed, or go home and make memories?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Hallward lights a candle for the altar of her deceased son, Samuel Lepie Hallward, at her home in Berkeley on Sept. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Survival rates for DIPG have not budged in decades. The tumor hides in the brainstem, beyond the reach of surgery; and with only a few hundred cases each year, drug companies have little financial incentive to invest in treatments. Recent federal funding cuts have only widened the void. Mothers and fathers are left to decide how best to love a child unlikely to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaken, the family flew to the East Coast to celebrate that Christmas with relatives, determined to pack the holiday with joy. Dog sledding. A magician who made Sam the star assistant. “You put on this smiley face when you’re basically crushed beyond crushed,” Hallward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Praying for a miracle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When they returned, some doctors told the family not to “chase rainbows.” Clinical trials, they said, were arduous for kids. Better to cherish the days they had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children with the deadliest cancer diagnoses, experimental trials are often the only possibility left — but the odds are slim. \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7288652/?\">Fewer than 12%\u003c/a> see any response at all, and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6409418/?\">less than 5% of drugs tested\u003c/a> gain approval. By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1000678?\">palliative care\u003c/a> often helps children feel better day to day and spares them many of the grueling interventions that can dominate the final months. Yet, without families enrolling in trials, new cures will never be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998691\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Hallward flips through a photo album of her late son, Samuel Lepie Hallward, at her home in Berkeley on Sept. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In the 1960s, essentially a pediatric cancer diagnosis was almost universally fatal,” said William Temple, UCSF pediatric hematologist-oncologist. “Nowadays, approximately 70% of those kids are now cured. That improvement is because of clinical trials in pediatric cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Hallward was reluctant to enroll Sam in a trial, fearing hospitals would swallow their remaining days. Then she learned about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/439584/new-gene-therapy-gives-teen-a-second-chance-after-cancer\">CAR-T cell therapy\u003c/a>, which reprograms a patient’s own immune cells to attack cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early results were promising: in one \u003ca href=\"https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2024/11/car-t-brain-cancer.html#:~:text=CAR%2DT%20cells%2C%20or%20chimeric,see%20clear%20evidence%20of%20reversibility.%22\">trial\u003c/a> of eleven DIPG patients, several saw their tumors shrink, and one boy’s tumor vanished entirely. Nearly five years later, that child is still alive.[aside postID=science_1998573 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01313_TV-KQED.jpg']“Within hours of reading about the trial, I got him on the waitlist for the next arm of the study,” Hallward said. “I hoped against hope that there would be a breakthrough, just like every family does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it was Sam’s turn to receive the treatment at Stanford, Hallward recalled that more than a dozen doctors and nurses crowded into his hospital room, eager to witness the infusion. Sam, ever the showman, seized the moment. From under his blanket, he pulled out a deck of cards and performed a magic trick, fooling even the lead researcher. The room erupted in laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But within hours, the side effects hit hard. Sam suffered a severe negative reaction. He vomited and his fever spiked. By dawn, he was unresponsive. His brain swelled so severely that surgeons rushed him to the ICU, drilling into his skull to relieve the pressure. He spent 19 days there, hooked to monitors while his parents slept in chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slowly, Sam recovered from the treatment. For a few months, there were glimmers of normal life: a group of his middle school friends, nicknamed the “blubber seals,” stopped by. Card tricks. Family dinners. But the disease resumed its course. His legs grew unsteady. Forks slipped through his hands. His words began to slur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He lost his ability to talk from one hour to the next,” Kate said. “It literally just faded, and he couldn’t speak anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam died in Kate’s arms on Dec. 2, 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chasing joy instead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nine years earlier in Charleston, South Carolina, Erin Benson faced the same devastating diagnosis but chose the opposite path. She was nine months pregnant with twins when she noticed her two-year-old son — also named Sam — start laughing strangely, and then one of his eyes stopped tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The precocious redhead already carried a rare skeletal disorder that left him limping and scarred from surgeries. When an oncologist told her he had brain cancer, something inside Benson surrendered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998686 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Erin Benson in her backyard in James Island, SC. Benson is holding a photograph of her husband Mike, her son Sam (4), and herself in 2015. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Almost like a gut-level knowing that he wasn’t going to live a long life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband was ready to try anything. But Benson insisted their mission was to make Sam happy. With his medical history, she couldn’t bear to put him through more suffering. “For what, like a one percent chance?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends and strangers chipped in more than $100,000 on a crowdfunding site, enough to bankroll a year of wish-list experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family crammed into a minivan and drove to New York City, landing in Bryant Park during Fashion Week — strollers and diaper bags colliding with runway shows. At Disney World, they splurged on a special pass to skip every line. In Puerto Rico, Sam bobbed in the pool at the Ritz-Carlton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998688\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photograph on the wall in Erin Benson’s home of her children Sam (4), Ada (2) and Ma (2) in the bath tub together in 2015. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We were showmen, performing our greatest and most important act: the act of having fun while losing it all,” Benson wrote in a book about her son’s death. She confessed to her therapist that the charade was exhausting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the money ran out, they sought normalcy. The family moved into Benson’s aunt and uncle’s basement in Minnesota, grateful for the extra hands to care for three small kids. Sundays became family dinners. Sam raced his four-wheeler alongside neighborhood kids on bikes. One afternoon, his cousin taught him to pee standing up — and overnight, he was potty trained. Those were the tiny triumphs Benson treasures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam lived two and a half years, far longer than expected. On his final night, Benson knelt beside his bed, squeezing his hand three times — their family’s code for “ love you.” She begged him: “What can I do to make you happy right now?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam looked at her, almost bemused. “I am happy, Mom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Starved system shrinks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both mothers carry the weight of their decisions. Hallward wondered if the medical odyssey was worth it. “There’s no good path,” she said. “All terrible options. It felt impossible not to try.” Benson wished she had poured her energy into ordinary milestones from the start, instead of globetrotting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the options for families facing pediatric cancer have shrunk further. In August, the federal government cut off funding for a network of 15 hospitals that for more than two decades had coordinated research and trials for children with brain cancer, what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbtc.org/\">Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium\u003c/a>, or PBTC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998685\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1334px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1334\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED.jpg 1334w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-768x1151.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-1025x1536.jpg 1025w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1334px) 100vw, 1334px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memory box that Erin Benson keeps in her home in James Island, SC, full of her son Sam’s things. She keeps shoes, because walking was always challenging, underwear, because of a favorite memory of potty training, the shirt he died in, a lock of hair and his dinosaur toys. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group was created in 1999 because, while survival rates for many childhood cancers had improved, outcomes for brain tumors had not. The consortium was meant to close that gap. But this summer, the National Cancer Institute told its leaders they could not apply for another round of funding. Enrollment in active studies was suspended. Families who had waited months for a spot in those trials were told to go home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes you want to throw up,” Hallward said. “Every day matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Cancer Institute said resources would instead be folded into a pediatric cancer network with a wider research scope, known as \u003ca href=\"https://dctd.cancer.gov/research/networks/pediatric\">PEP-CTN\u003c/a>. But researchers warn that this may dilute attention and progress on brain tumors. “It’s certainly possible they won’t be able to dedicate as much of their efforts to brain tumors as PBTC has and that there will be fewer pediatric brain chemo clinical trials than there otherwise would have been,” said Ira Dunkel, chair of PBTC. “Currently, there are no options for new patients.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being the leading disease-related killer of children in the U.S., pediatric cancers receive less than 8% of the federal cancer research budget. Each cancer type is rare, patient pools are tiny, and enrolling enough children requires dozens of hospitals working in coordination. At the same time, the Trump administration has moved to cut billions from the National Institutes of Health, canceling grants and capping support for universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funding is hard to come up with, so you’re left with a rag-tag group of parents running nonprofits to keep things going,” said Benson, who founded one herself after Sam died. “But parents burn out. We don’t have the power to fix a broken system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hallward has tried to channel her grief the same way. She supported a \u003ca href=\"https://chadtough.org/\">parent-led foundation\u003c/a> that has funneled over $40 million into research. “That is the result of family after family doing bake sales and charity runs and tournaments, for years after losing their children,” she said. “This is not the model we should have. The government should be investing in the public good. And we all should be supporting a government that invests in the public good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Two mothers of boys with brain cancer made opposite choices — one chased a cure, the other chased joy. Both paths reveal how underfunding leaves families with no good options.",
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"title": "Facing Terminal Childhood Cancer, These Mothers Made an Impossible Choice | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the fall of 2021, Kate Hallward noticed her 11-year-old son Sam squinting. His right eyelid sagged, just a little — the kind of thing most parents would chalk up to fatigue. But when it lingered, she called the pediatrician. A neurological exam ended with an unsettling suggestion: schedule an MRI, just to be safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month dragged by before they finally landed an appointment. By the time results came back, Christmas lights twinkled in their Berkeley neighborhood. Inside the hospital, Hallward and her husband learned about a mass on their son’s brain stem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors diagnosed Sam with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, or DIPG. Surgery was not an option. Radiation might buy him a few months, but the average survival rate is less than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was totally stunning,” Hallward said. “I yelled at the doctor. I almost needed to be physically restrained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news left Hallward and her husband with an impossible choice, one that thousands of parents of children with brain tumors face each year. Should they gamble on experimental trials that would tether Sam to a hospital bed, or go home and make memories?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00281_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Hallward lights a candle for the altar of her deceased son, Samuel Lepie Hallward, at her home in Berkeley on Sept. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Survival rates for DIPG have not budged in decades. The tumor hides in the brainstem, beyond the reach of surgery; and with only a few hundred cases each year, drug companies have little financial incentive to invest in treatments. Recent federal funding cuts have only widened the void. Mothers and fathers are left to decide how best to love a child unlikely to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaken, the family flew to the East Coast to celebrate that Christmas with relatives, determined to pack the holiday with joy. Dog sledding. A magician who made Sam the star assistant. “You put on this smiley face when you’re basically crushed beyond crushed,” Hallward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Praying for a miracle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When they returned, some doctors told the family not to “chase rainbows.” Clinical trials, they said, were arduous for kids. Better to cherish the days they had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For children with the deadliest cancer diagnoses, experimental trials are often the only possibility left — but the odds are slim. \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7288652/?\">Fewer than 12%\u003c/a> see any response at all, and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6409418/?\">less than 5% of drugs tested\u003c/a> gain approval. By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1000678?\">palliative care\u003c/a> often helps children feel better day to day and spares them many of the grueling interventions that can dominate the final months. Yet, without families enrolling in trials, new cures will never be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998691\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250924-CANCERMOMS00392_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Hallward flips through a photo album of her late son, Samuel Lepie Hallward, at her home in Berkeley on Sept. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In the 1960s, essentially a pediatric cancer diagnosis was almost universally fatal,” said William Temple, UCSF pediatric hematologist-oncologist. “Nowadays, approximately 70% of those kids are now cured. That improvement is because of clinical trials in pediatric cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Hallward was reluctant to enroll Sam in a trial, fearing hospitals would swallow their remaining days. Then she learned about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/439584/new-gene-therapy-gives-teen-a-second-chance-after-cancer\">CAR-T cell therapy\u003c/a>, which reprograms a patient’s own immune cells to attack cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early results were promising: in one \u003ca href=\"https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2024/11/car-t-brain-cancer.html#:~:text=CAR%2DT%20cells%2C%20or%20chimeric,see%20clear%20evidence%20of%20reversibility.%22\">trial\u003c/a> of eleven DIPG patients, several saw their tumors shrink, and one boy’s tumor vanished entirely. Nearly five years later, that child is still alive.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Within hours of reading about the trial, I got him on the waitlist for the next arm of the study,” Hallward said. “I hoped against hope that there would be a breakthrough, just like every family does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it was Sam’s turn to receive the treatment at Stanford, Hallward recalled that more than a dozen doctors and nurses crowded into his hospital room, eager to witness the infusion. Sam, ever the showman, seized the moment. From under his blanket, he pulled out a deck of cards and performed a magic trick, fooling even the lead researcher. The room erupted in laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But within hours, the side effects hit hard. Sam suffered a severe negative reaction. He vomited and his fever spiked. By dawn, he was unresponsive. His brain swelled so severely that surgeons rushed him to the ICU, drilling into his skull to relieve the pressure. He spent 19 days there, hooked to monitors while his parents slept in chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slowly, Sam recovered from the treatment. For a few months, there were glimmers of normal life: a group of his middle school friends, nicknamed the “blubber seals,” stopped by. Card tricks. Family dinners. But the disease resumed its course. His legs grew unsteady. Forks slipped through his hands. His words began to slur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He lost his ability to talk from one hour to the next,” Kate said. “It literally just faded, and he couldn’t speak anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam died in Kate’s arms on Dec. 2, 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chasing joy instead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nine years earlier in Charleston, South Carolina, Erin Benson faced the same devastating diagnosis but chose the opposite path. She was nine months pregnant with twins when she noticed her two-year-old son — also named Sam — start laughing strangely, and then one of his eyes stopped tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The precocious redhead already carried a rare skeletal disorder that left him limping and scarred from surgeries. When an oncologist told her he had brain cancer, something inside Benson surrendered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998686 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0005-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Erin Benson in her backyard in James Island, SC. Benson is holding a photograph of her husband Mike, her son Sam (4), and herself in 2015. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Almost like a gut-level knowing that he wasn’t going to live a long life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband was ready to try anything. But Benson insisted their mission was to make Sam happy. With his medical history, she couldn’t bear to put him through more suffering. “For what, like a one percent chance?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends and strangers chipped in more than $100,000 on a crowdfunding site, enough to bankroll a year of wish-list experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family crammed into a minivan and drove to New York City, landing in Bryant Park during Fashion Week — strollers and diaper bags colliding with runway shows. At Disney World, they splurged on a special pass to skip every line. In Puerto Rico, Sam bobbed in the pool at the Ritz-Carlton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998688\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0014-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photograph on the wall in Erin Benson’s home of her children Sam (4), Ada (2) and Ma (2) in the bath tub together in 2015. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We were showmen, performing our greatest and most important act: the act of having fun while losing it all,” Benson wrote in a book about her son’s death. She confessed to her therapist that the charade was exhausting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the money ran out, they sought normalcy. The family moved into Benson’s aunt and uncle’s basement in Minnesota, grateful for the extra hands to care for three small kids. Sundays became family dinners. Sam raced his four-wheeler alongside neighborhood kids on bikes. One afternoon, his cousin taught him to pee standing up — and overnight, he was potty trained. Those were the tiny triumphs Benson treasures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam lived two and a half years, far longer than expected. On his final night, Benson knelt beside his bed, squeezing his hand three times — their family’s code for “ love you.” She begged him: “What can I do to make you happy right now?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam looked at her, almost bemused. “I am happy, Mom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Starved system shrinks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both mothers carry the weight of their decisions. Hallward wondered if the medical odyssey was worth it. “There’s no good path,” she said. “All terrible options. It felt impossible not to try.” Benson wished she had poured her energy into ordinary milestones from the start, instead of globetrotting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the options for families facing pediatric cancer have shrunk further. In August, the federal government cut off funding for a network of 15 hospitals that for more than two decades had coordinated research and trials for children with brain cancer, what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbtc.org/\">Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium\u003c/a>, or PBTC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998685\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1334px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1334\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED.jpg 1334w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-768x1151.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/09.25.25_ERINBENSON_CANCERMOMS_0002-KQED-1025x1536.jpg 1025w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1334px) 100vw, 1334px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memory box that Erin Benson keeps in her home in James Island, SC, full of her son Sam’s things. She keeps shoes, because walking was always challenging, underwear, because of a favorite memory of potty training, the shirt he died in, a lock of hair and his dinosaur toys. \u003ccite>(Hunter McRae for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group was created in 1999 because, while survival rates for many childhood cancers had improved, outcomes for brain tumors had not. The consortium was meant to close that gap. But this summer, the National Cancer Institute told its leaders they could not apply for another round of funding. Enrollment in active studies was suspended. Families who had waited months for a spot in those trials were told to go home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes you want to throw up,” Hallward said. “Every day matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Cancer Institute said resources would instead be folded into a pediatric cancer network with a wider research scope, known as \u003ca href=\"https://dctd.cancer.gov/research/networks/pediatric\">PEP-CTN\u003c/a>. But researchers warn that this may dilute attention and progress on brain tumors. “It’s certainly possible they won’t be able to dedicate as much of their efforts to brain tumors as PBTC has and that there will be fewer pediatric brain chemo clinical trials than there otherwise would have been,” said Ira Dunkel, chair of PBTC. “Currently, there are no options for new patients.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being the leading disease-related killer of children in the U.S., pediatric cancers receive less than 8% of the federal cancer research budget. Each cancer type is rare, patient pools are tiny, and enrolling enough children requires dozens of hospitals working in coordination. At the same time, the Trump administration has moved to cut billions from the National Institutes of Health, canceling grants and capping support for universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funding is hard to come up with, so you’re left with a rag-tag group of parents running nonprofits to keep things going,” said Benson, who founded one herself after Sam died. “But parents burn out. We don’t have the power to fix a broken system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hallward has tried to channel her grief the same way. She supported a \u003ca href=\"https://chadtough.org/\">parent-led foundation\u003c/a> that has funneled over $40 million into research. “That is the result of family after family doing bake sales and charity runs and tournaments, for years after losing their children,” she said. “This is not the model we should have. The government should be investing in the public good. And we all should be supporting a government that invests in the public good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lightning. Erratic Winds. Hail. Waterspouts. Flooding. Forecasters suggest these environmental conditions are all possible through Tuesday in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area-weather\">Bay Area\u003c/a>, and the Sierra Nevada will likely get its first significant snow of the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A low-pressure system \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059267/storm-forecasted-to-hit-the-bay-area-early-next-week-as-typhoon-halong-hits-japan\">moving into the region\u003c/a> from Oregon and Washington “will quickly dive down the West Coast today,” first hitting the North Bay with rain midmorning Monday, according to the National Weather Service daily forecast discussion. But as the day lingers, the storm will move south, bringing potentially wet conditions across the region before likely dousing the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty much everywhere is going to be impacted,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “It’s an early storm system, but there’s no atmospheric river-type scenario associated with the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said the storm could bring a suite of environmental issues with it, including lightning, offshore water spouts and small hail. But he said the “biggest threat will be nuisance flooding,” where areas that typically pool water could flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for rainfall totals, he said the larger amounts of rain will be on the Central Coast, with up to 2 inches of rain at the highest elevations. Meteorologists expect an inch of rain or less for the rest of the Bay Area.[aside postID=science_1998746 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/10/240109-CAWindStorm-076_qed.jpg']“Don’t drive through flooded roadways,” Gass said. “The most deaths [in storms] are due to people driving through flooded roadways. And then for thunderstorms, if thunder roars, go indoors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther inland, forecasters said the storm could drop up to 3 feet of snow on the highest peaks of the Sierra Nevada, especially in the area south of Highway 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is our first time issuing winter products for the season and the first measurable snowfall event we’ve had in our area,” said Dakari Anderson, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson said travelers on mountain passes should expect chain controls, slippery conditions and inclement weather. The office has issued a winter storm warning through Wednesday at 5 a.m. for the Sierra Nevada and the Lassen National Park area above 6,500 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the heaviest snow totals on Monday afternoon and evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure you’re checking the forecast before heading out for the day,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lightning. Erratic Winds. Hail. Waterspouts. Flooding. Forecasters suggest these environmental conditions are all possible through Tuesday in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area-weather\">Bay Area\u003c/a>, and the Sierra Nevada will likely get its first significant snow of the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A low-pressure system \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059267/storm-forecasted-to-hit-the-bay-area-early-next-week-as-typhoon-halong-hits-japan\">moving into the region\u003c/a> from Oregon and Washington “will quickly dive down the West Coast today,” first hitting the North Bay with rain midmorning Monday, according to the National Weather Service daily forecast discussion. But as the day lingers, the storm will move south, bringing potentially wet conditions across the region before likely dousing the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty much everywhere is going to be impacted,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “It’s an early storm system, but there’s no atmospheric river-type scenario associated with the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said the storm could bring a suite of environmental issues with it, including lightning, offshore water spouts and small hail. But he said the “biggest threat will be nuisance flooding,” where areas that typically pool water could flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for rainfall totals, he said the larger amounts of rain will be on the Central Coast, with up to 2 inches of rain at the highest elevations. Meteorologists expect an inch of rain or less for the rest of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Don’t drive through flooded roadways,” Gass said. “The most deaths [in storms] are due to people driving through flooded roadways. And then for thunderstorms, if thunder roars, go indoors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther inland, forecasters said the storm could drop up to 3 feet of snow on the highest peaks of the Sierra Nevada, especially in the area south of Highway 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is our first time issuing winter products for the season and the first measurable snowfall event we’ve had in our area,” said Dakari Anderson, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson said travelers on mountain passes should expect chain controls, slippery conditions and inclement weather. The office has issued a winter storm warning through Wednesday at 5 a.m. for the Sierra Nevada and the Lassen National Park area above 6,500 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the heaviest snow totals on Monday afternoon and evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure you’re checking the forecast before heading out for the day,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/caltrain\">Caltrain\u003c/a> rolled out its electrified fleet last year, the new, more eco-friendly trains also came with the ability to recapture energy as they slow down and return it to the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the agency will start to be compensated for that power, following policy changes from local providers Peninsula Clean Energy and San José Clean Energy announced Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrain’s regenerative braking is performing better than officials originally anticipated, returning 23% of the power used by its new electric trains. As a result, the commuter rail line revised down its estimated annual power cost from $19.5 million to $16.5 million. Caltrain’s service runs on 100% renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no legal requirement for the transit agency to be reimbursed for the energy generated by its trains; until now, Caltrain was providing that power back to the grid free of charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s exciting and will bring down costs for Caltrain, compensate the system for the energy it’s giving back to the grid,” said San José Mayor Matt Mahan, who spoke to KQED after a press conference at the city’s Diridon Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers are considering legislation that would make this a standard model for any public agency, allowing them to be compensated for all the power they return to the grid. AB 1372, a two-year bill by Assemblymember Diane Papan, D-San Mateo, would also identify regenerative braking from electric trains as a renewable electrical generation facility.[aside postID=news_12058994 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/NobelPrizePhysicsGetty1.jpg']Papan introduced the bill in February to fill what she called a “gap in the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Caltrain was sending clean, renewable energy back to the grid, but it wasn’t getting credit for it,” Papan said. “If this were a rooftop solar situation, we would certainly be getting the credit for what we sent back to grid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill did not pass this legislative session, but it will be considered next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Peninsula Clean Energy and San José Clean Energy voluntarily changed their policies to allow for a net billing tariff to compensate the transit agency for energy returned to the grid. “I’m delighted about it because it really does give Caltrain the credit that it deserves,” Papan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said that this model points to a more innovative future that extends to people’s homes, “where we have a connected grid with electric vehicles and devices on the grid that can charge two ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recently installed two batteries at his house, which are capable of storing power and putting it back on the grid. “But the market and the financing structure still is not mature enough,” he said. “That’s a policy innovation that we need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week, a rocket lifted off from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057720/nasa-mission-with-help-from-uc-berkeley-to-explore-earths-exosphere\">carrying a new space telescope\u003c/a> to its parking spot about 1 million miles from Earth, guided by mission operators at the Space Sciences Laboratory at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/uc-berkeley\">UC Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it reaches its permanent home, the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory will turn its eyes back to Earth to study the exosphere — the outermost layer of our atmosphere, where satellites orbit. Researchers hope that by better understanding how this region interacts with space weather from the Sun, they’ll be able to improve protections for satellites, which can be knocked offline by solar activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The telescope got a ride into space along with equipment for two other missions, each designed to study a different aspect of the Sun’s influence on our solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a visit to the Berkeley lab’s mission control room on Thursday, everything appeared calm and smooth as operators and technicians worked to bring the Carruthers systems online in a process known as “commissioning” the spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On large display screens, boxes of colors, text and graphs indicated the status of systems on the spacecraft with lots of green. That means all is well, said Abhi Tripathi, director of mission operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engineers work in the Mission Operations Center at the Space Sciences Laboratory at UC Berkeley on Sept. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All the displays have been designed to get your attention the moment something is off,” he said of the graphical user interfaces, or GUIs (pronounced “gooeys”). “If something flashes red, we have to quickly diagnose what is the issue and then figure out what we want to do to get it back within limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators were in the middle of a “pass,” a window of time during which NASA’s Deep Space Network allows for communication with the spacecraft. Mission operators send commands and receive data, images and navigation updates with the global network. On average, they get about two passes per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that day, Tripathi said, the room buzzed with activity when the spacecraft communicated in a slightly unexpected way. Fortunately, the team quickly resolved the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the biggest excitement of the week was the launch early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire team in here came as early as 1:30 in the morning to watch the 4:30 a.m. launch,” Tripathi said. “The energy was high. I don’t think anyone had coffee. Everyone was working off of adrenaline.”[aside postID=news_12036237 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/JupiterGetty-1020x673.jpg']About an hour and a half after the launch, the spacecraft cleanly separated from the rocket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we gave a big round of applause, of course,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 30 minutes later, the team achieved what they call first contact — a nerve-wracking moment in any mission when they establish communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will the spacecraft respond? Is it still alive?” Tripathi said. “And it was. So we all finally exhaled. After that, we got down to business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operating a mission like Carruthers is a source of pride for the Berkeley lab, which has been home to four Nobel Prize winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are maybe two universities in the country that can run a mission like this,” said Lindy Elkins-Tanton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/planetary-scientist-lindy-elkins-tanton-to-head-space-sciences-laboratory/\">newly installed director\u003c/a> of the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our big strength over time has been space weather. What does the sun do to space?” she said. “What kind of radiation does it put out? How does it affect our Earth’s atmosphere? How does it interact with the magnetic field? Things that surprisingly we don’t understand even though they affect us every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers mission will continue the lab’s legacy in space weather research, but with a focus on a part of Earth’s atmosphere we haven’t seen clearly since Apollo 16. That mission, the fifth and one of the last to land on the Moon, carried a camera designed by NASA scientist George Carruthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">April 1972, Apollo 16 astronaut John Young on the surface of the Moon with George Carruthers’ gold-plated Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph, the first Moon-based observatory. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The camera, capable of capturing ultraviolet light, was placed in the shadow of the lunar module to block scattered light. From there, astronauts pointed it back toward Earth and captured the first — and so far only — images of the geocorona: a faint glow around Earth caused by the outermost reaches of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That imager was remarkable; it worked amazingly well,” said Thomas Immel, project scientist for the Carruthers observatory mission. “But it was just a snapshot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new mission will be able to capture what is going on, in incredible detail, over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upper atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. These gases help shield Earth from solar storms, but scientists aren’t sure if they’re gradually being stripped away by the solar wind. It’s also unclear how this region interacts with ions and particles from the Sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, for instance, a solar storm destroyed about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/09/science/spacex-satellites-storm.html\">40 SpaceX satellites in orbit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent such losses in the future, scientists need a clearer picture of this barely understood region of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s exactly what we’re going to be looking at,” Elkins-Tanton said. “It’s really a blank spot in human knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers team hopes to unveil the mission’s first images at the American Geophysical Union conference this winter in New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "A New Eye on Earth's Edge: UC Berkeley-Guided Space Telescope Has Liftoff | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, a rocket lifted off from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057720/nasa-mission-with-help-from-uc-berkeley-to-explore-earths-exosphere\">carrying a new space telescope\u003c/a> to its parking spot about 1 million miles from Earth, guided by mission operators at the Space Sciences Laboratory at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/uc-berkeley\">UC Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it reaches its permanent home, the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory will turn its eyes back to Earth to study the exosphere — the outermost layer of our atmosphere, where satellites orbit. Researchers hope that by better understanding how this region interacts with space weather from the Sun, they’ll be able to improve protections for satellites, which can be knocked offline by solar activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The telescope got a ride into space along with equipment for two other missions, each designed to study a different aspect of the Sun’s influence on our solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a visit to the Berkeley lab’s mission control room on Thursday, everything appeared calm and smooth as operators and technicians worked to bring the Carruthers systems online in a process known as “commissioning” the spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On large display screens, boxes of colors, text and graphs indicated the status of systems on the spacecraft with lots of green. That means all is well, said Abhi Tripathi, director of mission operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engineers work in the Mission Operations Center at the Space Sciences Laboratory at UC Berkeley on Sept. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All the displays have been designed to get your attention the moment something is off,” he said of the graphical user interfaces, or GUIs (pronounced “gooeys”). “If something flashes red, we have to quickly diagnose what is the issue and then figure out what we want to do to get it back within limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators were in the middle of a “pass,” a window of time during which NASA’s Deep Space Network allows for communication with the spacecraft. Mission operators send commands and receive data, images and navigation updates with the global network. On average, they get about two passes per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that day, Tripathi said, the room buzzed with activity when the spacecraft communicated in a slightly unexpected way. Fortunately, the team quickly resolved the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the biggest excitement of the week was the launch early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire team in here came as early as 1:30 in the morning to watch the 4:30 a.m. launch,” Tripathi said. “The energy was high. I don’t think anyone had coffee. Everyone was working off of adrenaline.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>About an hour and a half after the launch, the spacecraft cleanly separated from the rocket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we gave a big round of applause, of course,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 30 minutes later, the team achieved what they call first contact — a nerve-wracking moment in any mission when they establish communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will the spacecraft respond? Is it still alive?” Tripathi said. “And it was. So we all finally exhaled. After that, we got down to business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operating a mission like Carruthers is a source of pride for the Berkeley lab, which has been home to four Nobel Prize winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are maybe two universities in the country that can run a mission like this,” said Lindy Elkins-Tanton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/planetary-scientist-lindy-elkins-tanton-to-head-space-sciences-laboratory/\">newly installed director\u003c/a> of the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our big strength over time has been space weather. What does the sun do to space?” she said. “What kind of radiation does it put out? How does it affect our Earth’s atmosphere? How does it interact with the magnetic field? Things that surprisingly we don’t understand even though they affect us every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers mission will continue the lab’s legacy in space weather research, but with a focus on a part of Earth’s atmosphere we haven’t seen clearly since Apollo 16. That mission, the fifth and one of the last to land on the Moon, carried a camera designed by NASA scientist George Carruthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">April 1972, Apollo 16 astronaut John Young on the surface of the Moon with George Carruthers’ gold-plated Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph, the first Moon-based observatory. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The camera, capable of capturing ultraviolet light, was placed in the shadow of the lunar module to block scattered light. From there, astronauts pointed it back toward Earth and captured the first — and so far only — images of the geocorona: a faint glow around Earth caused by the outermost reaches of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That imager was remarkable; it worked amazingly well,” said Thomas Immel, project scientist for the Carruthers observatory mission. “But it was just a snapshot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new mission will be able to capture what is going on, in incredible detail, over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upper atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. These gases help shield Earth from solar storms, but scientists aren’t sure if they’re gradually being stripped away by the solar wind. It’s also unclear how this region interacts with ions and particles from the Sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, for instance, a solar storm destroyed about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/09/science/spacex-satellites-storm.html\">40 SpaceX satellites in orbit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent such losses in the future, scientists need a clearer picture of this barely understood region of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s exactly what we’re going to be looking at,” Elkins-Tanton said. “It’s really a blank spot in human knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers team hopes to unveil the mission’s first images at the American Geophysical Union conference this winter in New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "their-brothers-died-of-cancer-their-fight-changed-california-law",
"title": "After Losing Brothers to Cancer, 2 Bay Area Teens Fought to Change California Law",
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"content": "\u003cp>On July 4, 2022, Rayaan Kolte hoisted a lemonade pitcher onto a wobbly green folding table in front of his house in Pleasanton. He taped up a handwritten sign that read in rainbow paint, “Drink to support childhood cancer — $1 a cup.” The tang of citrus hung in the air, mingling with the sweetness of peaches piled in a metal basket from the family’s tree — free for anyone willing to stop and learn about the rare brain cancer that stole his little brother the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I miss him every day,” Rayaan told strolling neighbors. “He was my best friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time dusk fell and fireworks cracked in the distance, the jar on the table brimmed with crumpled bills and coins, and more poured in through Venmo. Rayaan counted out about $400, money he used to purchase gifts for siblings of kids with cancer. He was determined that no other brothers and sisters felt overlooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My life was difficult after the diagnosis,” the 13-year-old said softly at his home earlier this month. “My parents were focusing all their attention on my brother, so I felt like I wasn’t heard or seen, and I didn’t get much attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after, he met Sahil Mehta, a South Bay teen who had also lost his brother to the same brain cancer. Their parents began talking about launching a \u003ca href=\"https://www.neevronil.org/\">foundation\u003c/a>, and the boys’ paths kept crossing — at each other’s homes, on ski trips, at fundraising events. Over time, their friendship deepened, rooted in the kind of loss few others their age could understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998503 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sahil Mehta poses for a portrait in front of a photo of his older brother, Ronil Mehta, who died from brain cancer, in their Fremont home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A sidewalk lemonade stand was just the beginning. Before long, the friends teamed up on toy drives. Then, last winter, they persuaded Assemblymember Alex Lee of Fremont to sponsor \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB703/id/3217349\">AB 703\u003c/a> to create a new checkbox on California tax forms that allows residents to send money directly to childhood cancer research. The measure sailed through the Legislature this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stories of Sahil and Rayaan highlight the power of our young leaders in driving real and meaningful change,” Lee told KQED in a statement. “AB 703 is a testament to their commitment of bringing hope to all those impacted by childhood cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Standing in for Santa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rayaan was just starting third grade when doctors told his family that his little brother, Neev, had a rare brain cancer called diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, or DIPG. While their parents agonized over treatments, the boys built Minecraft worlds side by side, chased each other through the yard, and curled up to binge Pokémon cartoons. Even when the tumor in the 4-year-old’s brainstem buckled his legs and slurred his speech, Neev still insisted on playing with his big brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Neev loved his brother,” their mom, Misha Mehta, said. “We would always joke that they only had one brain. Neev would just follow Rayaan everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the winter holidays, Neev was tethered to an IV pole in the hospital, where pandemic-era rules prevented more than one visitor at a time. On Christmas Eve, Rayaan waved to his little brother from the cold parking lot. Inside, Neev whispered through tears to his mom that he was afraid Santa wouldn’t be able to find him in the maze of hallways and machines. His mom could hardly get the words out as she cried, but she managed to explain that she had directed Santa to the hospital with a letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998505 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An old photo of Neev Kolte (left), who died from brain cancer, and his brother Rayaan Kolte (right) hangs on the wall of their Pleasanton home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the course of his treatment, Neev endured three brain surgeries, 15 MRIs, and countless needle pokes — his tiny arms covered in needle marks. He died on Nov. 30, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was hard and scary,” Rayaan said. “I couldn’t imagine living without him for some time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the summer of fifth grade, Rayaan resolved to do something. That summer, he launched the lemonade stand, and that fall, he lobbied his teacher to run a toy drive for kids stuck in the hospital over Christmas. His father expected a handful of donations. Instead, hundreds of toys flooded the classroom, spilling into the hall. The family had to call for extra cars to haul the boxes to the oncology floor at UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, where Neev had been treated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What began as the tender empathy of a big brother has become an annual community tradition,” Mehta said. “A reminder that even in the face of devastating loss, compassion can ripple outward. Each toy delivered to a child in the hospital carries with it a message that they are seen, remembered and loved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past four years, with help from classmates and friends, Rayaan has donated more than a thousand toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Carrying Ronil’s spirit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sahil Mehta was in second grade when his big brother Ronil suddenly collapsed at their Fremont home in early January 2016 and slipped into a coma. Until then, Ronil was seemingly a healthy 12-year-old. But in the hospital, doctors delivered a shocking prognosis: He had DIPG. He had less than a week to live and urged the family to take him off life support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My brain refused to listen,” said their mom, Manisha Mehta (no relation to Rayaan’s mom Misha Mehta). “The night before, he had gone to a Boy Scout meeting, and we had played ‘Game of Life.’ What an irony. Life certainly turned upside down for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998508 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A family photo of Neev Kolte’s family, including Neev, who died from brain cancer, sits on a table in their Pleasanton home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Miraculously, four days later, Ronil opened his eyes. He fought to hold onto life for 31 months — through strokes, radiation, surgeries, even experimental treatments in Mexico. When the doctors exhausted all options, Ronil’s family stopped treatment and brought him home. He died on Sept. 1, 2018, in the same room where the brothers once built Lego castles and laughed under blanket forts. His last wish was to donate his tumor to Stanford for research, so that other children might have the chance he never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years afterward, the family ached in silence. Sahil was just 10 years old, unsure what to do with his grief. But by the time he entered Irvington High School in Fremont, he had begun putting his emotions to work. He started a club at school called the “Childhood Cancer Crusaders,” and before long, 50 members were showing up to raise awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ronil’s spirit of giving is really what inspired me to take action,” Sahil said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teaming up for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This past Christmas, Sahil organized a holiday toy drive, taking a cue from Rayaan’s earlier effort. Together, they collected boxes of dolls, puzzles, and board games for kids in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, Sahil’s school club hosted a Relay for Life — a walkathon where students lit candles, played music, and circled the track, raising thousands of dollars for cancer research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998502 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old decorations from past birthdays, photos, and artwork honor the memory of Ronil Mehta, who died of brain cancer, in his room in Fremont on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He didn’t stop there — for an Eagle Scout project, he assembled care kits stuffed with books and games, small comforts to ease the endless hours families spend at Stanford Hospital. His dedication drew national recognition when he was named a Gold Ambassador, one of just a handful of teens selected by the American Cancer Society to press lawmakers for more pediatric research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the boys wanted to expand their efforts. After attending Curefest, an advocacy event in Washington, D.C., Sahil came home restless. Why wasn’t California doing more? Digging around online, he discovered a voluntary contribution fund — a simple checkbox on tax forms that lets residents direct money to specific causes. Breast cancer had one.[aside postID=news_12024582 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/UCSFHealth-1020x680.jpg']Alzheimer’s had one. In states like Maine, Missouri, and New Jersey, pediatric cancer even had one. But in California? Nowhere on the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He built a presentation, scheduled a meeting with Assemblymember Lee and pitched the idea. Within a couple of months, Lee’s office drafted AB 703.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it came time to testify, Sahil invited Rayaan to join him. Side by side, the two boys told lawmakers about the death of their brothers. Sahil explained in a measured voice that less than 8% of federal cancer research dollars go to children, and California earmarked none.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These children are not numbers,” he told the lawmakers. “They are sons. They are daughters. They are brothers and sisters whose lives are being left behind without a chance to grow up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom signed AB 703 in July. Beginning next year, a checkbox will appear on California tax forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never thought I could influence policy,” Sahil said. “But it shows that even if you’re a kid or a teenager, there are ways to make an impact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On July 4, 2022, Rayaan Kolte hoisted a lemonade pitcher onto a wobbly green folding table in front of his house in Pleasanton. He taped up a handwritten sign that read in rainbow paint, “Drink to support childhood cancer — $1 a cup.” The tang of citrus hung in the air, mingling with the sweetness of peaches piled in a metal basket from the family’s tree — free for anyone willing to stop and learn about the rare brain cancer that stole his little brother the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I miss him every day,” Rayaan told strolling neighbors. “He was my best friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time dusk fell and fireworks cracked in the distance, the jar on the table brimmed with crumpled bills and coins, and more poured in through Venmo. Rayaan counted out about $400, money he used to purchase gifts for siblings of kids with cancer. He was determined that no other brothers and sisters felt overlooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My life was difficult after the diagnosis,” the 13-year-old said softly at his home earlier this month. “My parents were focusing all their attention on my brother, so I felt like I wasn’t heard or seen, and I didn’t get much attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after, he met Sahil Mehta, a South Bay teen who had also lost his brother to the same brain cancer. Their parents began talking about launching a \u003ca href=\"https://www.neevronil.org/\">foundation\u003c/a>, and the boys’ paths kept crossing — at each other’s homes, on ski trips, at fundraising events. Over time, their friendship deepened, rooted in the kind of loss few others their age could understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998503 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sahil Mehta poses for a portrait in front of a photo of his older brother, Ronil Mehta, who died from brain cancer, in their Fremont home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A sidewalk lemonade stand was just the beginning. Before long, the friends teamed up on toy drives. Then, last winter, they persuaded Assemblymember Alex Lee of Fremont to sponsor \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB703/id/3217349\">AB 703\u003c/a> to create a new checkbox on California tax forms that allows residents to send money directly to childhood cancer research. The measure sailed through the Legislature this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stories of Sahil and Rayaan highlight the power of our young leaders in driving real and meaningful change,” Lee told KQED in a statement. “AB 703 is a testament to their commitment of bringing hope to all those impacted by childhood cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Standing in for Santa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rayaan was just starting third grade when doctors told his family that his little brother, Neev, had a rare brain cancer called diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, or DIPG. While their parents agonized over treatments, the boys built Minecraft worlds side by side, chased each other through the yard, and curled up to binge Pokémon cartoons. Even when the tumor in the 4-year-old’s brainstem buckled his legs and slurred his speech, Neev still insisted on playing with his big brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Neev loved his brother,” their mom, Misha Mehta, said. “We would always joke that they only had one brain. Neev would just follow Rayaan everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the winter holidays, Neev was tethered to an IV pole in the hospital, where pandemic-era rules prevented more than one visitor at a time. On Christmas Eve, Rayaan waved to his little brother from the cold parking lot. Inside, Neev whispered through tears to his mom that he was afraid Santa wouldn’t be able to find him in the maze of hallways and machines. His mom could hardly get the words out as she cried, but she managed to explain that she had directed Santa to the hospital with a letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998505 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01378_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An old photo of Neev Kolte (left), who died from brain cancer, and his brother Rayaan Kolte (right) hangs on the wall of their Pleasanton home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the course of his treatment, Neev endured three brain surgeries, 15 MRIs, and countless needle pokes — his tiny arms covered in needle marks. He died on Nov. 30, 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was hard and scary,” Rayaan said. “I couldn’t imagine living without him for some time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the summer of fifth grade, Rayaan resolved to do something. That summer, he launched the lemonade stand, and that fall, he lobbied his teacher to run a toy drive for kids stuck in the hospital over Christmas. His father expected a handful of donations. Instead, hundreds of toys flooded the classroom, spilling into the hall. The family had to call for extra cars to haul the boxes to the oncology floor at UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, where Neev had been treated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What began as the tender empathy of a big brother has become an annual community tradition,” Mehta said. “A reminder that even in the face of devastating loss, compassion can ripple outward. Each toy delivered to a child in the hospital carries with it a message that they are seen, remembered and loved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past four years, with help from classmates and friends, Rayaan has donated more than a thousand toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Carrying Ronil’s spirit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sahil Mehta was in second grade when his big brother Ronil suddenly collapsed at their Fremont home in early January 2016 and slipped into a coma. Until then, Ronil was seemingly a healthy 12-year-old. But in the hospital, doctors delivered a shocking prognosis: He had DIPG. He had less than a week to live and urged the family to take him off life support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My brain refused to listen,” said their mom, Manisha Mehta (no relation to Rayaan’s mom Misha Mehta). “The night before, he had gone to a Boy Scout meeting, and we had played ‘Game of Life.’ What an irony. Life certainly turned upside down for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998508 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS01557_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A family photo of Neev Kolte’s family, including Neev, who died from brain cancer, sits on a table in their Pleasanton home on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Miraculously, four days later, Ronil opened his eyes. He fought to hold onto life for 31 months — through strokes, radiation, surgeries, even experimental treatments in Mexico. When the doctors exhausted all options, Ronil’s family stopped treatment and brought him home. He died on Sept. 1, 2018, in the same room where the brothers once built Lego castles and laughed under blanket forts. His last wish was to donate his tumor to Stanford for research, so that other children might have the chance he never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years afterward, the family ached in silence. Sahil was just 10 years old, unsure what to do with his grief. But by the time he entered Irvington High School in Fremont, he had begun putting his emotions to work. He started a club at school called the “Childhood Cancer Crusaders,” and before long, 50 members were showing up to raise awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ronil’s spirit of giving is really what inspired me to take action,” Sahil said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teaming up for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This past Christmas, Sahil organized a holiday toy drive, taking a cue from Rayaan’s earlier effort. Together, they collected boxes of dolls, puzzles, and board games for kids in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, Sahil’s school club hosted a Relay for Life — a walkathon where students lit candles, played music, and circled the track, raising thousands of dollars for cancer research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1998502 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250910-CANCERTEENS00997_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old decorations from past birthdays, photos, and artwork honor the memory of Ronil Mehta, who died of brain cancer, in his room in Fremont on Sept. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He didn’t stop there — for an Eagle Scout project, he assembled care kits stuffed with books and games, small comforts to ease the endless hours families spend at Stanford Hospital. His dedication drew national recognition when he was named a Gold Ambassador, one of just a handful of teens selected by the American Cancer Society to press lawmakers for more pediatric research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the boys wanted to expand their efforts. After attending Curefest, an advocacy event in Washington, D.C., Sahil came home restless. Why wasn’t California doing more? Digging around online, he discovered a voluntary contribution fund — a simple checkbox on tax forms that lets residents direct money to specific causes. Breast cancer had one.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"soldout": {
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