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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6659\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/folsomlake-e1375727640566.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/folsomlake-e1375727640566.jpg\" alt=\"Low water levels at Folsom Lake are exposing more steps to get down to the dock than usual for this time of year. (Scott Detrow/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6659\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low water levels at Folsom Lake are exposing more steps to get down to the dock than usual for this time of year. (Scott Detrow/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The people who dock their boats at Folsom Lake, about 25 miles east of Sacramento, keep track of how dry the reservoir is by how many steps it takes to get from the parking lot to the floating dock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, when melting snow and rainfall fill the lake’s basin, less than ten steps peek out from above the water. Last week, the number was 80. Jeff Gomez said he made sure to count as he trekked up and down the stairs eight different times. “I came down to refuel the boat,” Gomez said as he caught his breath after dragging a cooler down the 80 steps. “That took two trips. Now this was two trips.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez and his family were getting ready for one of their final boat rides of the year. Folsom Lake is at half its capacity, and low water levels will force Gomez and everyone else who docks their boats in the lake to remove their crafts from the water by Sunday, August 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for Folsom Lake to lose water over the course of the summer, but the boat-removal order typically comes in the fall, not early August. “It’s not shocking, because we expected it. Lack of snow, lack of rain” said Gomez as he prepped his speedboat for an afternoon of tubing. “It’s kind of sad, though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“It Just Fell Off The Map”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folsom Lake’s early boat-removal order is the latest evidence of California’s current dry stretch. The state’s “water year” begins in October. It got off to a “robust start,” in terms of rainfall, according to federal Bureau of Reclamation spokesman Pete Lucero. (Reclamation oversees the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Central+Valley+Project\">Central Valley Project\u003c/a>, which manages water throughout central California.) “And then it just fell off the map,” he said. The January-May stretch “was the lowest recorded precipitation year in a five-month period ever,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s left Folsom Lake at 81 percent of its typical August average. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">Other reservoirs are hurting\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Shasta [Lake] we’re at about 78 percent of its average. The state’s Oroville Reservoir is about 89 percent of average. The New Melones Reservoir is at 72 percent. And our off-storage reservoir, the San Luis Res down near Los Banos, is at 39 percent of the 15-year average.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Millerton Lake near Fresno is the only Central Valley reservoir above average August levels. “Water right now, as it always is in California, is a really finite resource,” said Lucero.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Low Water Levels Forcing Boats Out Of Folsom Lake",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6659\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/folsomlake-e1375727640566.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/folsomlake-e1375727640566.jpg\" alt=\"Low water levels at Folsom Lake are exposing more steps to get down to the dock than usual for this time of year. (Scott Detrow/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6659\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low water levels at Folsom Lake are exposing more steps to get down to the dock than usual for this time of year. (Scott Detrow/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The people who dock their boats at Folsom Lake, about 25 miles east of Sacramento, keep track of how dry the reservoir is by how many steps it takes to get from the parking lot to the floating dock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, when melting snow and rainfall fill the lake’s basin, less than ten steps peek out from above the water. Last week, the number was 80. Jeff Gomez said he made sure to count as he trekked up and down the stairs eight different times. “I came down to refuel the boat,” Gomez said as he caught his breath after dragging a cooler down the 80 steps. “That took two trips. Now this was two trips.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez and his family were getting ready for one of their final boat rides of the year. Folsom Lake is at half its capacity, and low water levels will force Gomez and everyone else who docks their boats in the lake to remove their crafts from the water by Sunday, August 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for Folsom Lake to lose water over the course of the summer, but the boat-removal order typically comes in the fall, not early August. “It’s not shocking, because we expected it. Lack of snow, lack of rain” said Gomez as he prepped his speedboat for an afternoon of tubing. “It’s kind of sad, though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“It Just Fell Off The Map”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folsom Lake’s early boat-removal order is the latest evidence of California’s current dry stretch. The state’s “water year” begins in October. It got off to a “robust start,” in terms of rainfall, according to federal Bureau of Reclamation spokesman Pete Lucero. (Reclamation oversees the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Central+Valley+Project\">Central Valley Project\u003c/a>, which manages water throughout central California.) “And then it just fell off the map,” he said. The January-May stretch “was the lowest recorded precipitation year in a five-month period ever,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s left Folsom Lake at 81 percent of its typical August average. \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">Other reservoirs are hurting\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Shasta [Lake] we’re at about 78 percent of its average. The state’s Oroville Reservoir is about 89 percent of average. The New Melones Reservoir is at 72 percent. And our off-storage reservoir, the San Luis Res down near Los Banos, is at 39 percent of the 15-year average.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Millerton Lake near Fresno is the only Central Valley reservoir above average August levels. “Water right now, as it always is in California, is a really finite resource,” said Lucero.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_105641\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/04/more-than-200-arrested-in-chevron-richmond-refinery-protest/img_9779-5/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-105641\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/08/IMG_9779-5-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Richmond police arrest a demonstrator at the gates of Chevron's refinery complex during an Aug. 3, 2013, protest against the company's environmental practices and to mark the one-year anniversary of a massive fire at the facility. (John Orvis/johnorvis.com\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-105641\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richmond police arrest a demonstrator at the gates of Chevron’s refinery complex during an Aug. 3, 2013, protest against the company’s environmental practices and to mark the one-year anniversary of a massive fire at the facility. (John Orvis/\u003ca href=\"http://www.johnorvis.com\">johnorvis.com\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Richmond police say they arrested 210 people during a protest at the massive Chevron refinery in the East Bay city. The arrests came at the end of a march called to protest the oil company’s environmental practices and to commemorate Tuesday’s first anniversary of a fire at the refinery that sent thousands of local residents to seek medical treatment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Capt. Mark Gagan says more than 2,500 people marched to the Chevron refinery during Saturday’s nonviolent demonstration in Richmond. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/210-arrested-at-Chevron-refinery-protest-4705509.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">described the scene\u003c/a> leading up to the arrests:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Protesters chanted outside the gate and drew a giant sunflower using biodegradable paint on the pavement. Police began making arrests when the demonstrators, many of them carrying sunflowers, walked onto company property and refused to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, 210 people were arrested, nearly all of them on suspicion of trespassing, police said. They were cited and released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Capt. Gagan described the demonstration as peaceful and “very organized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One protester was booked on suspicion of assault after he allegedly punched another protester. “I was very grateful about how many people in the crowd condemned his behavior,” Gagan said.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>One of those detained was Ellen Small, 90, a retired nurse from Oakland, who was reportedly arrested with her grandson. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the groups organizing the protest was climate-action leader Bill McKibben’s \u003ca href=\"http://350.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">350.org\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_105644\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/04/more-than-200-arrested-in-chevron-richmond-refinery-protest/img_0747-1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-105644\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/08/IMG_0747-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Ellen Small, 90, a retired nurse from Oakland, gets ready to be arrested during Aug. 3, 2013, protest at Chevron's refinery complex in Richmond. She was one of 210 people arrested. (John Orvis/johnorvis.com)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" class=\"size-large wp-image-105644\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ellen Small, 90, a retired nurse from Oakland, gets ready to be arrested during Aug. 3, 2013, protest at Chevron’s refinery complex in Richmond. She was one of 210 people arrested. (John Orvis/\u003ca href=\"http://www.johnorvis.com\">johnorvis.com\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Poll: Strongest Support Yet for Climate Action in California",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6425\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/IMG_0985-e1375304079662.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6425\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6425\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/IMG_0985-e1375304079662.jpg\" alt=\"Californians have generally led the nation in support for climate action. (Photo: Craig Miller)\" width=\"350\" height=\"263\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Californians have generally led the nation in support for climate action. (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Californians have long been ahead of the pack in their support of climate policies, but in new polling, a “record-high majority” of California voters support immediate action by state and federal governments to arrest global warming and prepare for climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"PPIC - poll\" href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1065\">According to the poll\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California, most respondents (63 percent) believe those impacts are already being felt, and three-in-four (75 percent) support taking “steps to counter the effects of global warming right away.” PPIC analysts say that represents a spike of nine percentage points since its 2012 survey. About the same proportion consider the threat of global warming to be at least “somewhat serious.” Support for immediate climate action continues to track significantly higher among Democrats than Republicans, though the gap may be narrowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6423\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/GW_chart_1_PPIC.jpeg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6423\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6423\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/GW_chart_1_PPIC.jpeg\" alt=\"Partisan differences over goverment climate action may be narrowing somewhat. (Graph: PPIC)\" width=\"480\" height=\"335\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partisan differences over government climate action may be narrowing somewhat but support among independent voters has tapered off. (Graph: PPIC Statewide Survey, July, 2013)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California already has some of the nation’s most aggressive climate policies, with the legislated goal of cutting greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, and a mandate that utilities draw one-third of their electrical power from renewable sources by the same year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the rest of the nation has generally lagged behind California in its enthusiasm for climate action, most results from the PPIC poll would appear to reflect a general gathering of momentum toward policies to cope with climate change. President Obama, who had gone silent on climate for most of his first term, has vowed to sidestep Congress if that’s what it takes to tackle the climate problem. And this week, the new head of the Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca title=\"WaPo - post\" href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/as-new-epa-head-gina-mccarthy-vows-to-act-on-climate-change/2013/07/30/dea868e0-f86b-11e2-8e84-c56731a202fb_story.html\">kicked off a road show\u003c/a> to stump for climate action, by saying that carbon-cutting policies will gun the nation’s economic engine, rather than stall it. Surprisingly, in the PPIC poll, less than half of Californians appear to agree (see “Economy,” below).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the perceived threats from climate change, some loom larger than others in the minds of Californians. According to the PPIC survey, 57 percent are “very concerned” about more voracious wildfires, and 78 percent are at least “somewhat concerned” that droughts will become more severe. There seemed to be more confusion over a changing climate’s effects on flooding and storms, where responses were more evenly distributed from “very concerned” to “not at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the poll shows support for California’s drive toward more renewable energy, that support drops from nearly 8-in-10, to about one-in-three (35 percent) if it would mean higher electric bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some potential eyebrow-raisers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air pollution\u003c/strong>: Despite the Central Valley’s reputation for wretched air quality, much higher proportions of residents of Los Angeles and the Inland Empire describe air pollution as a big problem, 40 and 44 percent, respectively, versus 31 percent of Valley respondents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transit\u003c/strong>: Most (67 percent) still drive to work solo — but about half of Californians claim that they’re ready to look seriously at a hybrid or all-electric car. Latinos and Asians are most likely to lean this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Economy\u003c/strong>: Despite all of the hype about “clean tech” in California, fewer than half the respondents (45 percent) agreed that state’s actions to slow global warming would create more jobs. An equal number said it would mean fewer jobs or no change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys were conducted in mid-July and have a margin of error of plus-or-minus three percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Californians continue to favor strong, immediate action on climate, but not at any cost. And most of us still drive to work solo.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6425\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/IMG_0985-e1375304079662.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6425\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6425\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/IMG_0985-e1375304079662.jpg\" alt=\"Californians have generally led the nation in support for climate action. (Photo: Craig Miller)\" width=\"350\" height=\"263\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Californians have generally led the nation in support for climate action. (Photo: Craig Miller)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Californians have long been ahead of the pack in their support of climate policies, but in new polling, a “record-high majority” of California voters support immediate action by state and federal governments to arrest global warming and prepare for climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"PPIC - poll\" href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1065\">According to the poll\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California, most respondents (63 percent) believe those impacts are already being felt, and three-in-four (75 percent) support taking “steps to counter the effects of global warming right away.” PPIC analysts say that represents a spike of nine percentage points since its 2012 survey. About the same proportion consider the threat of global warming to be at least “somewhat serious.” Support for immediate climate action continues to track significantly higher among Democrats than Republicans, though the gap may be narrowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6423\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/GW_chart_1_PPIC.jpeg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6423\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6423\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/GW_chart_1_PPIC.jpeg\" alt=\"Partisan differences over goverment climate action may be narrowing somewhat. (Graph: PPIC)\" width=\"480\" height=\"335\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partisan differences over government climate action may be narrowing somewhat but support among independent voters has tapered off. (Graph: PPIC Statewide Survey, July, 2013)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California already has some of the nation’s most aggressive climate policies, with the legislated goal of cutting greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, and a mandate that utilities draw one-third of their electrical power from renewable sources by the same year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the rest of the nation has generally lagged behind California in its enthusiasm for climate action, most results from the PPIC poll would appear to reflect a general gathering of momentum toward policies to cope with climate change. President Obama, who had gone silent on climate for most of his first term, has vowed to sidestep Congress if that’s what it takes to tackle the climate problem. And this week, the new head of the Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca title=\"WaPo - post\" href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/as-new-epa-head-gina-mccarthy-vows-to-act-on-climate-change/2013/07/30/dea868e0-f86b-11e2-8e84-c56731a202fb_story.html\">kicked off a road show\u003c/a> to stump for climate action, by saying that carbon-cutting policies will gun the nation’s economic engine, rather than stall it. Surprisingly, in the PPIC poll, less than half of Californians appear to agree (see “Economy,” below).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the perceived threats from climate change, some loom larger than others in the minds of Californians. According to the PPIC survey, 57 percent are “very concerned” about more voracious wildfires, and 78 percent are at least “somewhat concerned” that droughts will become more severe. There seemed to be more confusion over a changing climate’s effects on flooding and storms, where responses were more evenly distributed from “very concerned” to “not at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the poll shows support for California’s drive toward more renewable energy, that support drops from nearly 8-in-10, to about one-in-three (35 percent) if it would mean higher electric bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some potential eyebrow-raisers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Air pollution\u003c/strong>: Despite the Central Valley’s reputation for wretched air quality, much higher proportions of residents of Los Angeles and the Inland Empire describe air pollution as a big problem, 40 and 44 percent, respectively, versus 31 percent of Valley respondents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transit\u003c/strong>: Most (67 percent) still drive to work solo — but about half of Californians claim that they’re ready to look seriously at a hybrid or all-electric car. Latinos and Asians are most likely to lean this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Economy\u003c/strong>: Despite all of the hype about “clean tech” in California, fewer than half the respondents (45 percent) agreed that state’s actions to slow global warming would create more jobs. An equal number said it would mean fewer jobs or no change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys were conducted in mid-July and have a margin of error of plus-or-minus three percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Adapting to Stress: Early Exposure Gives Amphibians Higher Tolerance To Pesticides",
"headTitle": "Adapting to Stress: Early Exposure Gives Amphibians Higher Tolerance To Pesticides | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6364\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/chorus-frog-resized-1024x575.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6364\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/chorus-frog-resized-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in a meadow located in Yosemite National Park. (Photo: USGS)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6364\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Yosemite National Park. (Photo: USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Extinction is part of life. Nearly all species that ever lived are extinct, with new species arising as old ones disappear. But we’ve been losing species so fast over the past several decades that a field once dominated by paleontologists pouring over evidence spanning millions of years, now commands the attention of ecologists grappling with the global hemorrhaging of species in real time — right before our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No class of animals dramatizes the magnitude of the biodiversity crisis better than amphibians. Ecologists first reported their disappearance from protected areas in the 1980s. Today, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.fullhttp://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.fullhttp://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.full\">a third of Earth’s 6,000 frog\u003c/a>, toad, salamander, newt and \u003ca href=\"http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/caecilian\">caecilian\u003c/a> species face extinction. With as many as 122 species presumed lost forever and 43 percent in decline, amphibians are \u003ca href=\"http://irceb.asu.edu/amphibians/pdf/ACAP%20Summit%20Declaration.pdf\">vanishing faster\u003c/a> any other animal class in human history. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists with the U.S. Geological Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/05/24/186451082/amphibians-population-decline-marked-in-new-u-s-study\">delivered more bad news in May\u003c/a>, reporting that American amphibian populations are vanishing at an average rate of 3.7 percent a year. Echoing the first reports of serious trouble more than three decades ago, the researchers found losses even in protected parks and wildlife refuges managed to conserve biodiversity. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As amphibians continue their downward spiral, ecologists struggle to understand the animals’ responses to the likely agents of their destruction, including habitat loss or disturbance, disease, climate change and contaminants. It’s extremely difficult to tease apart which of these factors, acting alone or in combination, are driving declines in any one region. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/eva.12083/asset/eva12083.pdf?v=1&t=hjs0kssd&s=09f9fc3a16e444457fdaa0b8deee50181b4a808f\">recent study\u003c/a> from the lab of aquatic ecologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.biology.pitt.edu/person/rick-relyea\">Rick Relyea\u003c/a>, a professor of ecology and evolution at the University of Pittsburgh, shines a small ray of light on a very dark picture. In an earlier study, Relyea found that glyphosate (otherwise known as Roundup), an herbicide widely used to control weeds in agriculture, killed 98% of tadpoles in his study within three weeks and 79% of juveniles in just one day. But pesticides can also cause defects without killing. Maybe stresses that don’t kill offer enough of a cushion for individuals to cope with the stress until more enduring adaptations can emerge in a population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6367\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/lavo_hyre-1024x768.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6367\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/lavo_hyre-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Lassen Volcanic National Park. (Photo: USGS)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6367\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Lassen Volcanic National Park. (Photo: USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With more than 500 pest species now resistant to the insecticides used against them, Relyea reasoned, maybe frogs, and other unintentionally exposed species, could adapt to these chemicals over time too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eva.12069/pdf\">Earlier this year\u003c/a>, Relyea found that frogs living close to farms were less sensitive to the insecticide chlorpyrifos (but not Roundup), suggesting an ability to evolve resistance to at least one pesticide. In the recent study, Relyea and his team probed the roots of resistance by seeing how individual frogs living farther afield from farms would respond to different concentrations of insecticides early in development. They reasoned that exposing frogs to low levels of pesticides as embryos and tadpoles could induce tolerance to a subsequent higher dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test this possibility, they collected wood frog eggs from four different ponds around agricultural fields, two populations close to farms and two about half a mile away. They exposed embryos and hatchlings first to low levels of the insecticide carbaryl and then to (typically) lethal doses to assess tolerance, indicated by how many survived the follow-up lethal dose. As expected, frogs taken from ponds farther away from fields responded with increased tolerance to the insecticide—not as many died—after an initial exposure, while early exposures had little effect on frogs born near farms. These frogs were likely selected for greater tolerance or resistance to the pesticide after generations of exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Boone, an associate professor of zoology at Miami University of Ohio who studies pesticide effects on amphibians, finds reason for cautious optimism in the results, which suggest that individual tadpoles may respond to a given stress in a way that helps them later in life. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know amphibians have amazing abilities to respond to their natural environmental conditions—they can alter their rate of development, their coloration and even their body shape,” Boone says. “So it’s very cool to see that they may be able to respond to some of the stressors we inadvertently throw at them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It remains to be seen whether this induced tolerance is widespread in tadpoles or helps amphibians deal with pesticides in ecological communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability of an individual organism to adapt to pesticides and other environmental stresses—a phenomenon called “phenotypic plasticity”—could play a critical role in helping species tolerate and then adapt to rapid changes. But species will benefit only if the traits that help the individual cope with stress are passed on to the next generation. And evolving resistance to pesticides could come at the cost of other traits, such as increased susceptibility to pathogens or predators. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How these results can help current conservation efforts isn’t clear, says Gary Fellers, a USGS research biologist who contributed to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0064347#authcontrib\">May report\u003c/a> showing amphibian declines across the country and to a recent study that measured two common agricultural fungicides in Pacific chorus frogs collected from parks across the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a really good first step toward understanding frogs’ capacity to tolerate pesticides, Fellers says, though he would have liked to see how populations much farther from farms respond. Pesticides can travel on winds and rains and likely reached the Sierra Nevada chorus frogs from Central Valley farms. And though amphibians encounter a slew of pesticides (and other contaminants) on a daily basis, Fellers thinks the crisis calls for triage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to figure out if we can find one or two pesticides that are driving amphibian declines, he says. “Then we can work with agriculture folks to try to find out if there are alternative pesticides that might work just as well for them but don’t have such a significant impact on nontarget wildlife.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1670/0022-1511%282007%2941%5B483%3AADOECD%5D2.0.CO%3B2\">some estimates \u003c/a>placing contemporary amphibian extinction rates at more than 200 times the historic rate seen in the fossil record, reversing the decline of Earth’s amphibians will require herculean efforts, and all hands on deck.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6364\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/chorus-frog-resized-1024x575.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6364\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/chorus-frog-resized-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in a meadow located in Yosemite National Park. (Photo: USGS)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6364\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Yosemite National Park. (Photo: USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Extinction is part of life. Nearly all species that ever lived are extinct, with new species arising as old ones disappear. But we’ve been losing species so fast over the past several decades that a field once dominated by paleontologists pouring over evidence spanning millions of years, now commands the attention of ecologists grappling with the global hemorrhaging of species in real time — right before our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No class of animals dramatizes the magnitude of the biodiversity crisis better than amphibians. Ecologists first reported their disappearance from protected areas in the 1980s. Today, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.fullhttp://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.fullhttp://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783.full\">a third of Earth’s 6,000 frog\u003c/a>, toad, salamander, newt and \u003ca href=\"http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/caecilian\">caecilian\u003c/a> species face extinction. With as many as 122 species presumed lost forever and 43 percent in decline, amphibians are \u003ca href=\"http://irceb.asu.edu/amphibians/pdf/ACAP%20Summit%20Declaration.pdf\">vanishing faster\u003c/a> any other animal class in human history. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists with the U.S. Geological Service \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/05/24/186451082/amphibians-population-decline-marked-in-new-u-s-study\">delivered more bad news in May\u003c/a>, reporting that American amphibian populations are vanishing at an average rate of 3.7 percent a year. Echoing the first reports of serious trouble more than three decades ago, the researchers found losses even in protected parks and wildlife refuges managed to conserve biodiversity. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As amphibians continue their downward spiral, ecologists struggle to understand the animals’ responses to the likely agents of their destruction, including habitat loss or disturbance, disease, climate change and contaminants. It’s extremely difficult to tease apart which of these factors, acting alone or in combination, are driving declines in any one region. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/eva.12083/asset/eva12083.pdf?v=1&t=hjs0kssd&s=09f9fc3a16e444457fdaa0b8deee50181b4a808f\">recent study\u003c/a> from the lab of aquatic ecologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.biology.pitt.edu/person/rick-relyea\">Rick Relyea\u003c/a>, a professor of ecology and evolution at the University of Pittsburgh, shines a small ray of light on a very dark picture. In an earlier study, Relyea found that glyphosate (otherwise known as Roundup), an herbicide widely used to control weeds in agriculture, killed 98% of tadpoles in his study within three weeks and 79% of juveniles in just one day. But pesticides can also cause defects without killing. Maybe stresses that don’t kill offer enough of a cushion for individuals to cope with the stress until more enduring adaptations can emerge in a population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6367\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/lavo_hyre-1024x768.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6367\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/lavo_hyre-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Lassen Volcanic National Park. (Photo: USGS)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6367\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) in Lassen Volcanic National Park. (Photo: USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With more than 500 pest species now resistant to the insecticides used against them, Relyea reasoned, maybe frogs, and other unintentionally exposed species, could adapt to these chemicals over time too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eva.12069/pdf\">Earlier this year\u003c/a>, Relyea found that frogs living close to farms were less sensitive to the insecticide chlorpyrifos (but not Roundup), suggesting an ability to evolve resistance to at least one pesticide. In the recent study, Relyea and his team probed the roots of resistance by seeing how individual frogs living farther afield from farms would respond to different concentrations of insecticides early in development. They reasoned that exposing frogs to low levels of pesticides as embryos and tadpoles could induce tolerance to a subsequent higher dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test this possibility, they collected wood frog eggs from four different ponds around agricultural fields, two populations close to farms and two about half a mile away. They exposed embryos and hatchlings first to low levels of the insecticide carbaryl and then to (typically) lethal doses to assess tolerance, indicated by how many survived the follow-up lethal dose. As expected, frogs taken from ponds farther away from fields responded with increased tolerance to the insecticide—not as many died—after an initial exposure, while early exposures had little effect on frogs born near farms. These frogs were likely selected for greater tolerance or resistance to the pesticide after generations of exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Boone, an associate professor of zoology at Miami University of Ohio who studies pesticide effects on amphibians, finds reason for cautious optimism in the results, which suggest that individual tadpoles may respond to a given stress in a way that helps them later in life. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know amphibians have amazing abilities to respond to their natural environmental conditions—they can alter their rate of development, their coloration and even their body shape,” Boone says. “So it’s very cool to see that they may be able to respond to some of the stressors we inadvertently throw at them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It remains to be seen whether this induced tolerance is widespread in tadpoles or helps amphibians deal with pesticides in ecological communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability of an individual organism to adapt to pesticides and other environmental stresses—a phenomenon called “phenotypic plasticity”—could play a critical role in helping species tolerate and then adapt to rapid changes. But species will benefit only if the traits that help the individual cope with stress are passed on to the next generation. And evolving resistance to pesticides could come at the cost of other traits, such as increased susceptibility to pathogens or predators. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How these results can help current conservation efforts isn’t clear, says Gary Fellers, a USGS research biologist who contributed to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0064347#authcontrib\">May report\u003c/a> showing amphibian declines across the country and to a recent study that measured two common agricultural fungicides in Pacific chorus frogs collected from parks across the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a really good first step toward understanding frogs’ capacity to tolerate pesticides, Fellers says, though he would have liked to see how populations much farther from farms respond. Pesticides can travel on winds and rains and likely reached the Sierra Nevada chorus frogs from Central Valley farms. And though amphibians encounter a slew of pesticides (and other contaminants) on a daily basis, Fellers thinks the crisis calls for triage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to figure out if we can find one or two pesticides that are driving amphibian declines, he says. “Then we can work with agriculture folks to try to find out if there are alternative pesticides that might work just as well for them but don’t have such a significant impact on nontarget wildlife.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1670/0022-1511%282007%2941%5B483%3AADOECD%5D2.0.CO%3B2\">some estimates \u003c/a>placing contemporary amphibian extinction rates at more than 200 times the historic rate seen in the fossil record, reversing the decline of Earth’s amphibians will require herculean efforts, and all hands on deck.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>by Peter Lollo\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average San Franciscan’s trash collection bill will increase from about $28 to $34 a month starting Aug 1. Recology sought the rate hike last year\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Alberti, a spokesman for Recology, the city’s waste collection firm, says the new rates are an ironic result of the progress San Francisco has made toward the goal of producing zero waste by 2020. As people use their black trash bins less, he said, waste collection firms must compensate by charging more for recycling and compost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traditionally the garbage industry has placed all of the charges on the black bin,” Alberti said. “When \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/30/recology-rates/\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> …read more\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/30/recology-rates/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"San Francisco Trash Collection About to Get More Expensive\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>by Peter Lollo\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average San Franciscan's trash collection bill will increase from about $28 to $34 a month starting Aug 1. Recology sought the rate hike last year\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Alberti, a spokesman for Recology, the city's waste collection firm, says the new rates are an ironic result of the progress San Francisco has made toward the goal of producing zero waste by 2020. As people use their black trash bins less, he said, waste collection firms must compensate by charging more for recycling and compost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Traditionally the garbage industry has placed all of the charges on the black bin,\" Alberti said. \"When \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/30/recology-rates/\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> ...read more\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Rampant overfishing in the world's oceans has led to a dramatic decline in big \"predatory\" fish populations -- especially those really tasty ones we enjoy eating, like tuna and cod -- while creating an overabundance of small fish.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to data from a 2011 regression analysis by scientists at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheries.ubc.ca/\" target=\"_blank\">University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre\u003c/a>, who used more than 200 marine ecosystem models to show evidence that big fish populations dropped by more than two-thirds over the last century. More than half that decline occurred within the last 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overfishing has absolutely had a 'when cats are away, the mice will play' effect on our oceans,\" said Dr Villy Christensen, who led the study. \"By removing the large, predatory species from the ocean, small forage fish have been left to thrive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nature of Overfishing, a \"web aquarium\" created by graphic designer \u003ca href=\"http://samslover.com/#/home\">Sam Slover\u003c/a>, cleverly visualizes this data. Slide the handle at the bottom of the graphic to see what a century of overfishing looks like beneath the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://athinkingsam.com/aquarium/\" height=\"900\" width=\"1200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rampant overfishing in the world's oceans has led to a dramatic decline in big \"predatory\" fish populations -- especially those really tasty ones we enjoy eating, like tuna and cod -- while creating an overabundance of small fish.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to data from a 2011 regression analysis by scientists at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheries.ubc.ca/\" target=\"_blank\">University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre\u003c/a>, who used more than 200 marine ecosystem models to show evidence that big fish populations dropped by more than two-thirds over the last century. More than half that decline occurred within the last 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Overfishing has absolutely had a 'when cats are away, the mice will play' effect on our oceans,\" said Dr Villy Christensen, who led the study. \"By removing the large, predatory species from the ocean, small forage fish have been left to thrive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nature of Overfishing, a \"web aquarium\" created by graphic designer \u003ca href=\"http://samslover.com/#/home\">Sam Slover\u003c/a>, cleverly visualizes this data. Slide the handle at the bottom of the graphic to see what a century of overfishing looks like beneath the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://athinkingsam.com/aquarium/\" height=\"900\" width=\"1200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Does Your Range Hood Suck? Cooking Spikes Indoor Air Pollution",
"headTitle": "Does Your Range Hood Suck? Cooking Spikes Indoor Air Pollution | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6122\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 259px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/hood-288x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6122\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-6122 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/hood-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"(Photo: Shannon Rosa)\" width=\"259\" height=\"146\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo: Shannon Rosa)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The summer season often brings outdoor air pollution alerts, but it turns out the air inside your kitchen can sometimes be just as harmful. Several of the same pollutants found in smog come from cooking dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Range hoods are designed to capture these cooking fumes, but even some expensive models aren’t very effective. So researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are trying to fix that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we think of our home as safe,” said Jennifer Logue, research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cooking Tips\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Always turn your fan on\u003cbr>\n– Cook on the back burners\u003cbr>\n– Use highest fan setting\u003cbr>\n– Clean grease traps periodically\u003cbr>\n– If you don’t have a hood, open windows\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You spend 70 percent of your time in your home,” she said. “And what you do in your home has a huge impact on what you’re exposed to, which in turn has a huge impact on your health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a study of Southern California homes where people cook at least once a week, more than half had air pollution levels worse than the outdoor health limit for nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant that can cause respiratory irritation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you exceeded the standards outdoors, it would be a really big deal,” Logue said. “But if you exceed them in your house, nobody’s paying attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homes with electric stoves aren’t in the clear either, because cooking the food itself creates air pollution. Fats produce a lung irritant called acrolein. Cooking also puts off fine particle pollution, which is tied to long-term health problems, like respiratory and heart issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds a little scary, but Logue says there’s a solution: a good range hood that vents to the outside. The only problem is that finding a good range hood isn’t simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tips for Buying a New Hood\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Look for one that covers the entire cook top\u003cbr>\n– It should move 200 cubic feet of air per minute, certified by the Home Ventilating Institute\u003cbr>\n– Choose a noise rating of 3 sone or less\u003cbr>\n– Choose a hood shape with a hollow space underneath for collecting fumes\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not all hoods work the same and currently, unfortunately, there’s no way for people to really know how effective their range hood is,” Logue said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing Range Hoods\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside Berkeley Lab’s test kitchen, Woody Delp and his team make a recipe they’ve made a hundred times exactly the same way: stir-fried green beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We measure out the beans the same amount each time,” Delp said. “We want to make sure that everything tries to stay as constant as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab’s gas stove has a hood that’s rigged with air monitors. As the green beans sizzle away, particle counters around the room start to spike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hood at this particular flow setting is probably capturing about half of what’s coming off,” Delp said. “Not quite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6119\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-6119 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Woody-greenbeans.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Delp measures green beans in the test kitchen. (Photo: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)\" width=\"245\" height=\"320\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Delp measures green beans in the test kitchen. (Photo: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Based on their testing, the hood is in the middle of the pack. Delp found hoods that were only 15 percent effective at capturing cooking emissions. Others did much better, but they weren’t necessarily the most expensive ones. And specific information about how well the hoods capture cooking emissions is not available to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you go down to your local big box retailer, they’ll have what the air flow rate is and maybe a sound rating on it,” Delp said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air flow – or how powerful the fan is – is only part of the puzzle. The shape of the hood and how far it extends over a stovetop makes a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The length of the ductwork also affects how the hood functions. “Oftentimes it has too many bends and too many elbows and a long run to get it outside,” Delp said, “and for some of the range hoods, that kills the air flow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delp and his team are developing a standardized test to measure hood effectiveness, which is currently being reviewed by an international testing board. Delp says a lot of manufacturers are interested in using it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Regulating Indoor Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately there’s not really a state or federal agency that has comprehensive authority over indoor air pollution,” said Peggy Jenkins, who manages the indoor air quality program at the California Air Resources Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has strict ventilation rules for other gas appliances in homes, including furnaces and hot water heaters. Stoves and range hoods have been largely overlooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a sense it’s low-hanging fruit but it’s not really simple,” Jenkins said. Regulatory efforts would require a number of state agencies to get involved. But Jenkins says there’s growing interest in changing the state’s building codes for range hoods. That could mean adding new requirements for the air flow or the hood’s shape, since those vary quite a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all love to have our microwaves over the range,” Jenkins said, “but the ventilation that’s associated with those is not as strong – not as efficient or effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for home cooks, Jennifer Logue has a few tips as she finishes up her risotto. “I always, always, always use the range hood even though mine sounds like a jet engine, she said. “But I always use it because it think it’s really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use the highest fan setting and put pots and pans on the back burners, where hoods capture the most pollutants. They’re simple changes but effective ones, Logue says. The hard part is remembering them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "When you're cooking dinner, the air inside your kitchen can sometimes be just as harmful as smog. Range hoods are designed to capture cooking fumes, but even some expensive models aren’t very effective. Researchers are trying to fix that.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6122\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 259px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/hood-288x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-6122\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-6122 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/hood-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"(Photo: Shannon Rosa)\" width=\"259\" height=\"146\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo: Shannon Rosa)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The summer season often brings outdoor air pollution alerts, but it turns out the air inside your kitchen can sometimes be just as harmful. Several of the same pollutants found in smog come from cooking dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Range hoods are designed to capture these cooking fumes, but even some expensive models aren’t very effective. So researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are trying to fix that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we think of our home as safe,” said Jennifer Logue, research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cooking Tips\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Always turn your fan on\u003cbr>\n– Cook on the back burners\u003cbr>\n– Use highest fan setting\u003cbr>\n– Clean grease traps periodically\u003cbr>\n– If you don’t have a hood, open windows\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You spend 70 percent of your time in your home,” she said. “And what you do in your home has a huge impact on what you’re exposed to, which in turn has a huge impact on your health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a study of Southern California homes where people cook at least once a week, more than half had air pollution levels worse than the outdoor health limit for nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant that can cause respiratory irritation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you exceeded the standards outdoors, it would be a really big deal,” Logue said. “But if you exceed them in your house, nobody’s paying attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homes with electric stoves aren’t in the clear either, because cooking the food itself creates air pollution. Fats produce a lung irritant called acrolein. Cooking also puts off fine particle pollution, which is tied to long-term health problems, like respiratory and heart issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds a little scary, but Logue says there’s a solution: a good range hood that vents to the outside. The only problem is that finding a good range hood isn’t simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tips for Buying a New Hood\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Look for one that covers the entire cook top\u003cbr>\n– It should move 200 cubic feet of air per minute, certified by the Home Ventilating Institute\u003cbr>\n– Choose a noise rating of 3 sone or less\u003cbr>\n– Choose a hood shape with a hollow space underneath for collecting fumes\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not all hoods work the same and currently, unfortunately, there’s no way for people to really know how effective their range hood is,” Logue said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing Range Hoods\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside Berkeley Lab’s test kitchen, Woody Delp and his team make a recipe they’ve made a hundred times exactly the same way: stir-fried green beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We measure out the beans the same amount each time,” Delp said. “We want to make sure that everything tries to stay as constant as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab’s gas stove has a hood that’s rigged with air monitors. As the green beans sizzle away, particle counters around the room start to spike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hood at this particular flow setting is probably capturing about half of what’s coming off,” Delp said. “Not quite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6119\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-6119 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/07/Woody-greenbeans.jpg\" alt=\"Woody Delp measures green beans in the test kitchen. (Photo: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)\" width=\"245\" height=\"320\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woody Delp measures green beans in the test kitchen. (Photo: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Based on their testing, the hood is in the middle of the pack. Delp found hoods that were only 15 percent effective at capturing cooking emissions. Others did much better, but they weren’t necessarily the most expensive ones. And specific information about how well the hoods capture cooking emissions is not available to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you go down to your local big box retailer, they’ll have what the air flow rate is and maybe a sound rating on it,” Delp said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air flow – or how powerful the fan is – is only part of the puzzle. The shape of the hood and how far it extends over a stovetop makes a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The length of the ductwork also affects how the hood functions. “Oftentimes it has too many bends and too many elbows and a long run to get it outside,” Delp said, “and for some of the range hoods, that kills the air flow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delp and his team are developing a standardized test to measure hood effectiveness, which is currently being reviewed by an international testing board. Delp says a lot of manufacturers are interested in using it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Regulating Indoor Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately there’s not really a state or federal agency that has comprehensive authority over indoor air pollution,” said Peggy Jenkins, who manages the indoor air quality program at the California Air Resources Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has strict ventilation rules for other gas appliances in homes, including furnaces and hot water heaters. Stoves and range hoods have been largely overlooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a sense it’s low-hanging fruit but it’s not really simple,” Jenkins said. Regulatory efforts would require a number of state agencies to get involved. But Jenkins says there’s growing interest in changing the state’s building codes for range hoods. That could mean adding new requirements for the air flow or the hood’s shape, since those vary quite a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all love to have our microwaves over the range,” Jenkins said, “but the ventilation that’s associated with those is not as strong – not as efficient or effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for home cooks, Jennifer Logue has a few tips as she finishes up her risotto. “I always, always, always use the range hood even though mine sounds like a jet engine, she said. “But I always use it because it think it’s really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use the highest fan setting and put pots and pans on the back burners, where hoods capture the most pollutants. They’re simple changes but effective ones, Logue says. The hard part is remembering them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_104769\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 310px\">\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new study identifies pesticides from Calfornia agriculture in Pacific Chorus Frogs (\u003cem>Pseudacris regilla\u003c/em>) in the Sierra Nevda. (Sara Viernum/Flickr Creative Commons)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Tracie Cone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) Scientists have known for years that pesticides drift from California’s agricultural heartland and accumulate in frogs at remote locations in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they have a better understanding of exactly which pesticides collect in the frogs’ tissue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=3650&from=rss_home#.UfLe8m0QM40\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> by the U.S. Geological Survey released on Friday tested for nearly 100 of California’s most commonly used pesticides. It found concentrations of two fungicides — pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole — \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/104754/pesticides-frogs\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> …read more\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/104754/pesticides-frogs\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"New Study Documents Agricultural Chemicals in Sierra Frogs\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_104769\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 310px\">\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new study identifies pesticides from Calfornia agriculture in Pacific Chorus Frogs (\u003cem>Pseudacris regilla\u003c/em>) in the Sierra Nevda. (Sara Viernum/Flickr Creative Commons)\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\r\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Tracie Cone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\r\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) Scientists have known for years that pesticides drift from California's agricultural heartland and accumulate in frogs at remote locations in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\r\n\u003cp>Now they have a better understanding of exactly which pesticides collect in the frogs' tissue.\u003c/p>\r\n\u003cp>A \u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=3650&from=rss_home#.UfLe8m0QM40\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> by the U.S. Geological Survey released on Friday tested for nearly 100 of California's most commonly used pesticides. It found concentrations of two fungicides -- pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole -- \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/104754/pesticides-frogs\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> ...read more\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_104769\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 310px\">\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new study identifies pesticides from Calfornia agriculture in Pacific Chorus Frogs (\u003cem>Pseudacris regilla\u003c/em>) in the Sierra Nevda. (Sara Viernum/Flickr Creative Commons)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Tracie Cone\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) Scientists have known for years that pesticides drift from California’s agricultural heartland and accumulate in frogs at remote locations in the Sierra Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they have a better understanding of exactly which pesticides collect in the frogs’ tissue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=3650&from=rss_home#.UfLe8m0QM40\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> by the U.S. Geological Survey released on Friday tested for nearly 100 of California’s most commonly used pesticides. It found concentrations of two fungicides — pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole — \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/104754/pesticides-frogs\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> …read more\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/104754/pesticides-frogs\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"New Study Documents Agricultural Chemicals in Sierra Frogs\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "News Pix: New BART Cars, Vietnamese Protest and Berkeley's 'Art Attack'",
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"content": "\u003cp>\nBART \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/23/new_bart_cars\" rel=\"noopener\">showcased its new cars\u003c/a> this week, scheduled to go into service in 2017. David Jaeger, carrying his son Nico, particularly likes the new bike racks. The mock train car was on display in the MacArthur BART station for riders to explore and give feedback. (Deborah Svoboda / KQED)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-104722\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2013/07/vietnamese-protest.jpg\" alt=\"vietnamese protest\" width=\"640\" height=\"450\">\u003cbr>\nMembers of the Vietnamese-American community marched to Vietnam’s Consulate to protest \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/25/104645/-vietnam-president-truong-kqed-newsrrom-thuy-vu\" rel=\"noopener\">Vietnam’s President Truong Tan Sang’s meeting\u003c/a> with President Obama in Washington, D.C. on July 25. Approximately 200 protesters stood opposite the consulate chanting, while some attempted to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/news-pix-new-bart-cars-vietnamese-protest-and-berkeleys-young-artists/\" target=\"_blank\" id=\"rssmore\" rel=\"noopener\"> …read more\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/07/26/news-pix-new-bart-cars-vietnamese-protest-and-berkeleys-young-artists/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"News Pix: New BART Cars, Vietnamese Protest and Berkeley's 'Art Attack'\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "News Pix: New BART Cars, Vietnamese Protest and Berkeley's 'Art Attack' | KQED",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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