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"content": "\u003cp>Conservationists call for action on Central Valley river. Peninsula stream also named as imperiled. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/04/09/san-joaquin-river-listed-as-most-endangered-american-river\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/04/09/san-joaquin-river-listed-as-most-endangered-american-river\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"San Joaquin Named Nation’s Most Endangered River\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "California Farmers Look to Oil Industry for Water",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/04/20140407science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16174\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron1-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16174\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Water from Chevron's Kern River oil field supplies orchards near Bakersfield. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water from Chevron’s Kern River oil field supplies almond orchards near Bakersfield. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With California’s reservoirs running low, many Central Valley farmers are struggling to keep their trees and crops alive this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the southern San Joaquin Valley, some are getting extra water from an unlikely source: the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the third largest oil-producing state in the country, extracting roughly 200 million barrels a year. But in the process of getting oil, companies also produce massive volumes of water, found naturally in the same underground formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To produce one barrel of oil, we produce about nine barrels of water,” says Chevron’s Thep Smith, walking around the company’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=209G4bJ7A9Y\">Kern River oil field\u003c/a>, east of Bakersfield. Almost 10,000 pump jacks cover the hills. The field is more than a century old, but is still the second-most productive in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rock formations that bear oil in California are also full of briny, brackish water, leading to an old saying about oil companies in California: they’re actually water companies that get oil as a byproduct. “This is really a water plant that skims oil,” Smith says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cstrong>How Water and Oil Mix in California\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">See how water\u003c/a> is part of fracking and oil production in California.\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15920\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/KQED-Fraq-panel1-blank.jpg\" alt=\"KQED-Fraq-panel1-blank\" width=\"276\" height=\"276\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>After the oil is separated, Chevron handles millions of gallons of water a day. The company uses about a quarter of it to enhance oil production, turning the water into steam and injecting it back into the rock formation to boost oil flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stuff here is really heavy oil,” Smith says, “kind of like molasses. At room temperature, it actually is almost solid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After using some for steam, there’s still plenty of water to get rid of. Many companies dispose of it long-term by pumping it back underground, where it’s trapped in rock layers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Pump Jacks to Produce\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the only project of its kind in the state, Chevron’s water travels several miles through a 40-inch pipe, until it arrives in a reservoir used by the Cawelo Water District. Chevron provides up to a quarter of the water district’s supply each year, around 26,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we have this water coming in, it’s a tremendous bonus,” says David Ansolabehere, general manager of the irrigation district, near Bakersfield. “We deliver water to about 45,000 acres, about 95 percent permanent crops which are nut trees, citrus and vineyards,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district mixes Chevron’s water with an equal amount of freshwater, until it reaches a quality that works for local orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t deliver it straight,” Ansolabehere says. “It has too much salt, but we blend it down and then it’s irrigation quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16177\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron2-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16177\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Water from Chevron arrives in a reservoir that serves the Cawelo Water District. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water from Chevron gushes out of a pipeline in a reservoir that serves the Cawelo Water District. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During this year’s drought, it’s the district’s only reliable supply, since water deliveries from state and federal water projects have been cut completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be very tough,” Ansolabehere says. “We’re looking at just making sure the landowners can keep their trees alive this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Central Valley water districts are in the same boat right now, which is why Ansolabehere says there’s been a lot of interest in this recycling project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lately, I’ve been getting a lot of phone calls,” he says, “meeting with people that want to do the same type of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil Industry as Water Source, Not Sink\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and agriculture have long been neighbors in Kern County. And it hasn’t been lost on farmers that while their water supplies are going dry this year, the industry next door is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\">swimming in billions of gallons\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s especially true on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, where many water districts rely almost entirely on tenuous supplies imported from elsewhere in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”54626724379a9606d2f66d79412499c5″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have tremendous water resources that are a byproduct of oil production,” says Tupper Hull of the Western States Petroleum Association, an oil industry group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very conceivable that in the very near future,” Hull says, “oil production could be a net provider of water for California ag and other purposes, as opposed to a consumer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents have criticized the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\">oil industry’s use of water\u003c/a>, largely because the controversial oil extraction technique known as hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, consumes freshwater. Recycling water would offset that use, but to duplicate Chevron’s project in other parts of the state, the industry would face significant hurdles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Water Treatment Costs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the problems they’ve seen at that project is very high arsenic levels in the water,” says Kassie Siegel of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>, an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few years ago, Chevron released water from the Kern River field into a local creek during the winter, when demand from farmers was low. The water wasn’t diluted and the company was fined by the regional water quality control board for violating limits on arsenic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just shows again that there’s no safe way to deal with the oil and gas wastewater,” Siegel says. “Every single method that has been proposed and used has real risks and health harms associated with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16179\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron3-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16179\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron3-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Chevron's Kern River oil field produces millions of gallons of water a day. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chevron’s Kern River field produces millions of gallons of brackish water a day as a byproduct of oil extraction. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dealing with contaminants could be even tougher in other oil fields. “The water that’s here at Kern River field is at an almost near freshwater quality,” says Chevron’s Abby Auffant, “and that is different from water elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water produced in the company’s other fields is significantly saltier and would need to go through a treatment process like reverse osmosis, which adds cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were able to identify a cost-effective manner in which to treat the water,” Auffant says, “it’s certainly something that we would be interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“It’s very conceivable that in the very near future, oil production could be a net provider of water.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The economic case improves in drought years when water prices are sky-high, but drought economics only last so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally the water’s going for $30-40 an acre-foot,” says Ansolabehere. “When it costs you $500 to treat it, there’s not really a market except for years like this and then you can’t get the treatment in place in time to really make any effect. So you have to think a couple years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As technology advances and reduces those costs, he adds, it becomes more likely that water recycling projects would come together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, the drought has added new urgency, as a reminder of the state’s limited water resources. “I think as the resource becomes more strained, people look to these other sources as a solution,” says Harry Starkey, general manager of the West Kern Water District, west of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That conversation is happening on the west side,” Starkey says. “It’ll be interesting to see if you can get oil companies, that tend to be very private, to engage. Getting those two to partner up in those regards – they’re different classmates. It’s a matter of building trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s something many farmers are watching closely, as they face the long, dry summer ahead.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As water supplies tighten for California farmers, some are looking to an unlikely new source: a water recycling project in one of the state's oldest oil fields.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16174\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron1-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16174\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Water from Chevron's Kern River oil field supplies orchards near Bakersfield. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water from Chevron’s Kern River oil field supplies almond orchards near Bakersfield. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With California’s reservoirs running low, many Central Valley farmers are struggling to keep their trees and crops alive this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the southern San Joaquin Valley, some are getting extra water from an unlikely source: the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the third largest oil-producing state in the country, extracting roughly 200 million barrels a year. But in the process of getting oil, companies also produce massive volumes of water, found naturally in the same underground formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To produce one barrel of oil, we produce about nine barrels of water,” says Chevron’s Thep Smith, walking around the company’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=209G4bJ7A9Y\">Kern River oil field\u003c/a>, east of Bakersfield. Almost 10,000 pump jacks cover the hills. The field is more than a century old, but is still the second-most productive in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rock formations that bear oil in California are also full of briny, brackish water, leading to an old saying about oil companies in California: they’re actually water companies that get oil as a byproduct. “This is really a water plant that skims oil,” Smith says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cstrong>How Water and Oil Mix in California\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">See how water\u003c/a> is part of fracking and oil production in California.\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15920\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/KQED-Fraq-panel1-blank.jpg\" alt=\"KQED-Fraq-panel1-blank\" width=\"276\" height=\"276\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>After the oil is separated, Chevron handles millions of gallons of water a day. The company uses about a quarter of it to enhance oil production, turning the water into steam and injecting it back into the rock formation to boost oil flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The stuff here is really heavy oil,” Smith says, “kind of like molasses. At room temperature, it actually is almost solid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After using some for steam, there’s still plenty of water to get rid of. Many companies dispose of it long-term by pumping it back underground, where it’s trapped in rock layers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Pump Jacks to Produce\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the only project of its kind in the state, Chevron’s water travels several miles through a 40-inch pipe, until it arrives in a reservoir used by the Cawelo Water District. Chevron provides up to a quarter of the water district’s supply each year, around 26,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we have this water coming in, it’s a tremendous bonus,” says David Ansolabehere, general manager of the irrigation district, near Bakersfield. “We deliver water to about 45,000 acres, about 95 percent permanent crops which are nut trees, citrus and vineyards,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district mixes Chevron’s water with an equal amount of freshwater, until it reaches a quality that works for local orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t deliver it straight,” Ansolabehere says. “It has too much salt, but we blend it down and then it’s irrigation quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16177\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron2-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16177\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Water from Chevron arrives in a reservoir that serves the Cawelo Water District. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water from Chevron gushes out of a pipeline in a reservoir that serves the Cawelo Water District. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During this year’s drought, it’s the district’s only reliable supply, since water deliveries from state and federal water projects have been cut completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be very tough,” Ansolabehere says. “We’re looking at just making sure the landowners can keep their trees alive this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Central Valley water districts are in the same boat right now, which is why Ansolabehere says there’s been a lot of interest in this recycling project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lately, I’ve been getting a lot of phone calls,” he says, “meeting with people that want to do the same type of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil Industry as Water Source, Not Sink\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil and agriculture have long been neighbors in Kern County. And it hasn’t been lost on farmers that while their water supplies are going dry this year, the industry next door is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/03/31/how-water-and-oil-mix-in-california/\">swimming in billions of gallons\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s especially true on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, where many water districts rely almost entirely on tenuous supplies imported from elsewhere in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have tremendous water resources that are a byproduct of oil production,” says Tupper Hull of the Western States Petroleum Association, an oil industry group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very conceivable that in the very near future,” Hull says, “oil production could be a net provider of water for California ag and other purposes, as opposed to a consumer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents have criticized the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\">oil industry’s use of water\u003c/a>, largely because the controversial oil extraction technique known as hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, consumes freshwater. Recycling water would offset that use, but to duplicate Chevron’s project in other parts of the state, the industry would face significant hurdles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Water Treatment Costs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the problems they’ve seen at that project is very high arsenic levels in the water,” says Kassie Siegel of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>, an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few years ago, Chevron released water from the Kern River field into a local creek during the winter, when demand from farmers was low. The water wasn’t diluted and the company was fined by the regional water quality control board for violating limits on arsenic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just shows again that there’s no safe way to deal with the oil and gas wastewater,” Siegel says. “Every single method that has been proposed and used has real risks and health harms associated with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16179\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron3-1024x576.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-16179\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/Chevron3-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Chevron's Kern River oil field produces millions of gallons of water a day. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chevron’s Kern River field produces millions of gallons of brackish water a day as a byproduct of oil extraction. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dealing with contaminants could be even tougher in other oil fields. “The water that’s here at Kern River field is at an almost near freshwater quality,” says Chevron’s Abby Auffant, “and that is different from water elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water produced in the company’s other fields is significantly saltier and would need to go through a treatment process like reverse osmosis, which adds cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were able to identify a cost-effective manner in which to treat the water,” Auffant says, “it’s certainly something that we would be interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“It’s very conceivable that in the very near future, oil production could be a net provider of water.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The economic case improves in drought years when water prices are sky-high, but drought economics only last so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally the water’s going for $30-40 an acre-foot,” says Ansolabehere. “When it costs you $500 to treat it, there’s not really a market except for years like this and then you can’t get the treatment in place in time to really make any effect. So you have to think a couple years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As technology advances and reduces those costs, he adds, it becomes more likely that water recycling projects would come together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, the drought has added new urgency, as a reminder of the state’s limited water resources. “I think as the resource becomes more strained, people look to these other sources as a solution,” says Harry Starkey, general manager of the West Kern Water District, west of Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That conversation is happening on the west side,” Starkey says. “It’ll be interesting to see if you can get oil companies, that tend to be very private, to engage. Getting those two to partner up in those regards – they’re different classmates. It’s a matter of building trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Yosemite Opens Areas Closed After Last Summer's Huge Rim Fire",
"headTitle": "Yosemite Opens Areas Closed After Last Summer’s Huge Rim Fire | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>National Park Service officials have re-opened parts of Yosemite that have been closed ever since the Rim Fire tore through large swaths of the park last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can now return to the Tuolumne Grove of Giant Sequoias and to hiking trails near Hetch Hetchy, among other areas. Park officials caution visitors to be careful in burned lands, however, as these areas can still be dangerous, with uneven ground, debris on trails, hazardous trees and the potential for falling rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rim Fire burned more than a quarter of a million acres, including about 77,000 acres inside Yosemite National Park, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/can-renewable-energy-reduce-californias-fire-risk/\">leaving a stark and denuded landscape of dead trees\u003c/a>. Park closures during and after the fire crippled businesses that cater to visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/7017scr_d01835d281bde2b.jpg\" alt=\"The forest after the Rim Fire, just outside of Yosemite National Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16073\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The forest after the Rim Fire, just outside of Yosemite National Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“With the opening of these closed areas and looking at a good year,” said park ranger Scott Gediman, “we’re hopeful that a lot of those businesses can rebound and do well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/03/drought-could-hamper-forest-recovery-after-rim-fire/\">Fire ecologists say it will take decades\u003c/a> for the forests to recover, both because of the extent of the burned area and because of California’s drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rim Fire started in the Stanislaus National Forest on August 17, 2013, when a hunter’s illegal fire got out of control and raged through \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/can-california-burn-its-way-out-of-its-wildfire-problem/\">forests thick with dry trees and brush\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The photos below show the same location in the Stanislaus National Forest before the fire, and about two weeks after it. Fire scientist Scott Stephens of the University of California, Berkeley, was measuring plots and taking a timber inventory with graduate students when the fire forced them to evacuate. Stephens said when he returned to the area in late September, he had to locate it using GPS, as it was so changed he couldn’t recognize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was 100 percent mortality,” Stephens said, “so all trees in this site were dead. And this is actually very sad, because one reason I was interested in this particular spot is there are remnant old trees here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Drag the slider back and forth to compare before and after shots.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/rimfire/rimfiresliders.html\" height=\"2280px\" width=\"640px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nIn the first “before” photo, a lone California black oak pokes gnarled branches into the sky amid a stand of conifers. Stephens said the black oak is important for wildlife, both for its acorns and for the cavities it creates where birds and small mammals nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This actually in some ways is a little victory for the oak,” Stephens said, “because the oak’s the only species that can re-sprout. So it’ll re-sprout from dormant buds under its bark and that tree’s going to grow like crazy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next picture shows a downed sugar pine log, with a small dead tree laying across it. The “after” photo shows the shrunken, scarred remains of that small tree. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final picture shows how the fire cleared out the dead sapling in the foreground. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The fire burned more than a quarter of a million acres in Yosemite and the Stanislaus National Forest. See before-and-after photos from a plot in the national forest.",
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"description": "The fire burned more than a quarter of a million acres in Yosemite and the Stanislaus National Forest. See before-and-after photos from a plot in the national forest.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>National Park Service officials have re-opened parts of Yosemite that have been closed ever since the Rim Fire tore through large swaths of the park last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can now return to the Tuolumne Grove of Giant Sequoias and to hiking trails near Hetch Hetchy, among other areas. Park officials caution visitors to be careful in burned lands, however, as these areas can still be dangerous, with uneven ground, debris on trails, hazardous trees and the potential for falling rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rim Fire burned more than a quarter of a million acres, including about 77,000 acres inside Yosemite National Park, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/can-renewable-energy-reduce-californias-fire-risk/\">leaving a stark and denuded landscape of dead trees\u003c/a>. Park closures during and after the fire crippled businesses that cater to visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16073\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/04/7017scr_d01835d281bde2b.jpg\" alt=\"The forest after the Rim Fire, just outside of Yosemite National Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16073\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The forest after the Rim Fire, just outside of Yosemite National Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“With the opening of these closed areas and looking at a good year,” said park ranger Scott Gediman, “we’re hopeful that a lot of those businesses can rebound and do well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/03/drought-could-hamper-forest-recovery-after-rim-fire/\">Fire ecologists say it will take decades\u003c/a> for the forests to recover, both because of the extent of the burned area and because of California’s drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rim Fire started in the Stanislaus National Forest on August 17, 2013, when a hunter’s illegal fire got out of control and raged through \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/can-california-burn-its-way-out-of-its-wildfire-problem/\">forests thick with dry trees and brush\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The photos below show the same location in the Stanislaus National Forest before the fire, and about two weeks after it. Fire scientist Scott Stephens of the University of California, Berkeley, was measuring plots and taking a timber inventory with graduate students when the fire forced them to evacuate. Stephens said when he returned to the area in late September, he had to locate it using GPS, as it was so changed he couldn’t recognize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was 100 percent mortality,” Stephens said, “so all trees in this site were dead. And this is actually very sad, because one reason I was interested in this particular spot is there are remnant old trees here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Drag the slider back and forth to compare before and after shots.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/rimfire/rimfiresliders.html\" height=\"2280px\" width=\"640px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nIn the first “before” photo, a lone California black oak pokes gnarled branches into the sky amid a stand of conifers. Stephens said the black oak is important for wildlife, both for its acorns and for the cavities it creates where birds and small mammals nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This actually in some ways is a little victory for the oak,” Stephens said, “because the oak’s the only species that can re-sprout. So it’ll re-sprout from dormant buds under its bark and that tree’s going to grow like crazy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next picture shows a downed sugar pine log, with a small dead tree laying across it. The “after” photo shows the shrunken, scarred remains of that small tree. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final picture shows how the fire cleared out the dead sapling in the foreground. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>How much trash do you think you produce in a day? How about a year? It adds up a lot faster than you might think — especially in the United States, which collectively generates more garbage — or municipal waste — than any other nation on earth. With only \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2013/12/06/the-math-of-trash-a-music-video/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2013/12/06/the-math-of-trash-a-music-video/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"The Math of Trash: A Music Video\" rel=\"noopener\">The Lowdown – Green Space\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003cbr>\nCalifornia is the third-largest oil producing state in the country. To produce oil, companies deal with massive amounts of water. They need it for hydraulic fracturing, and they produce a lot from underground. (\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\">More in our related story\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Water Usage in the Fracking Process\" src=\"http://publicmedia.psu.edu/kqed/indexV2.html\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"640\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_16193\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 626px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/water-oil-ratio-CA.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16193\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/water-oil-ratio-CA.jpg\" alt=\"Graphics designed by Penn State Public Media/WPSU\" width=\"626\" height=\"563\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphics designed by \u003ca href=\"http://exploreshale.org/\">Penn State Public Media/WPSU\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_15986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-15986\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/tankcarsrichmond-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"Tank cars parked in Richmond. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tank cars parked in Richmond. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More and more crude oil is being transported into California by rail lines, and questions about safety are prompting local governments and environmentalists to take action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups filed suit yesterday against the Bay Area Air Quality Management District and energy company \u003ca href=\"http://www.kindermorgan.com/\">Kinder Morgan\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/03/14/trains-carrying-fracked-oil-spotted-in-bay-area/\">KPIX investigation\u003c/a> found Kinder Morgan has been unloading trains full of crude in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, the Richmond and Berkeley city councils both passed resolutions opposing crude-by-rail projects. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/5723\">Richmond’s\u003c/a> was against the Kinder Morgan operations; \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/03_Mar/Documents/2014-03-25_Item_29_Opposition_to_Rail_Transport_of_Hazardous.aspx\">Berkeley’s\u003c/a> against a \u003ca href=\"http://www.phillips66.com/EN/about/our-businesses/refining-marketing/refining/santamaria/Pages/rail-project-information.aspx\">Phillips 66\u003c/a> plan to build a rail terminal at its San Luis Obispo County refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a quick review of what’s going on with crude-by-rail in the Bay Area, and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil companies want to transport crude oil by train because it’s cheap and (relatively) local.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area refineries mostly get their oil from pipelines and ships, from \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/crude_oil_receipts.html\">Southern California, Alaska and the Middle East\u003c/a>. But there’s an oil boom right now in the middle part of North America. In North Dakota it’s oil coming from the Bakken formation, and in Alberta it’s from the tar sands. Oil companies want to get all that oil to the coasts, where the refineries and most of their customers are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In defense of the projects, oil companies point out that this oil is either from right here in the U.S. or from our friendly neighbor Canada, rather than from overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil imports by rail into California have \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2013_crude_by_rail.html\">shot up in recent years\u003c/a>, from zero in early 2009, to more than a million barrels in December 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Opponents of crude-by-rail are concerned about public safety and environmental impacts.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”e32339a5417a6ad21b6a745149deb72f”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil from Alberta’s tar sands is heavy and high in sulfur. Environmentalists say it’s “dirty,” that it pollutes more to get it out of the ground and to refine it. So that’s the climate change and air pollution side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, the safety concerns are mostly about the oil from the Bakken formation. It’s light and sweet, that is, lower in sulfur. But it’s also volatile. The oil trains that have derailed and exploded recently, including the one in Lac-Mégantic, Quebec, that killed 47 people, were carrying Bakken crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It turns out crude-by-rail was already coming into Richmond.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinder Morgan has been bringing in 100-car trains of crude oil to its \u003ca href=\"http://www.kindermorgan.com/business/products_pipelines/terminals_W_richmond.cfm\">terminal in Richmond\u003c/a>, which is on the BNSF rail line. \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/03/14/trains-carrying-fracked-oil-spotted-in-bay-area/\">KPIX followed the oil\u003c/a> as it was loaded into a truck and brought to the \u003ca href=\"http://tsocorp.com/refining/martinez-calif/\">Tesoro refinery in Martinez\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of \u003ca href=\"http://earthjustice.org/news/press/2014/groups-challenge-crude-by-rail-shipments-to-bay-area-city\">environmental and community groups is suing\u003c/a> the Air District and Kinder Morgan to stop the operation. They say there should have been a full environmental review before bringing in trains full of crude oil. Kinder Morgan was already using the facility to bring in chemicals like ethanol. (The lawsuit is embedded at the bottom of this article.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13016\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/pittsburgoilprotest.jpg\" alt=\"About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on January 11, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on January 11, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are more crude-by-rail projects on the table in the Bay Area and Central Coast. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero wants to build a crude-by-rail terminal at its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">refinery in Benicia\u003c/a>. The city is working on an \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/index.asp?SEC=%7BC45EA667-8D39-4B30-87EB-9110A2F9CE13%7D\">environmental impact report\u003c/a> on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pittsburg, an energy company called WesPac is trying to open an \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/bay-area-residents-resist-crude-by-rail-as-accidents-rise/\">oil terminal\u003c/a> that would bring crude in by rail, pipeline and ship. The city recently reopened that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">environmental impact report\u003c/a>, to do more research on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on the Central Coast, the Phillips 66 refinery in San Luis Obispo County has applied to build a rail terminal. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/planning/environmental/EnvironmentalNotices/railproject.htm\">comment period\u003c/a> on that project has also just been reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There has been some progress on making transporting crude oil by train safer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/2014/140123.html\">has been asking for safety upgrades\u003c/a> to the tank cars used to transport oil. Those would need to go through the U.S. Department of Transportation; the NTSB can make recommendations, but not regulations. That’s been a slow process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Association of American Railroads has announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.aar.org/newsandevents/Press-Releases/Pages/Freight-Railroads-Join-U-S-Transportation-Secretary-Foxx-in-Announcing-Industry-Crude-By-Rail-Safety-Initiative.aspx#.UzYLfYUXJfQ\">voluntary safety improvements\u003c/a> for crude-by-rail, including more inspections on rail lines, decreased speeds in urban areas and updated brake systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 12px auto 6px auto;font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 14px;line-height: normal\">\u003ca style=\"text-decoration: underline\" title=\"View Crude-By-Rail Lawsuit on Scribd\" href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/215141448/Crude-By-Rail-Lawsuit\">Crude-By-Rail Lawsuit\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"doc_75730\" src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/215141448/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/141950402&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "More and more crude oil is being transported into California by rail lines, and questions about safety are prompting local governments and environmentalists to take action.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_15986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-15986\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/tankcarsrichmond-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"Tank cars parked in Richmond. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tank cars parked in Richmond. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More and more crude oil is being transported into California by rail lines, and questions about safety are prompting local governments and environmentalists to take action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups filed suit yesterday against the Bay Area Air Quality Management District and energy company \u003ca href=\"http://www.kindermorgan.com/\">Kinder Morgan\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/03/14/trains-carrying-fracked-oil-spotted-in-bay-area/\">KPIX investigation\u003c/a> found Kinder Morgan has been unloading trains full of crude in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, the Richmond and Berkeley city councils both passed resolutions opposing crude-by-rail projects. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/5723\">Richmond’s\u003c/a> was against the Kinder Morgan operations; \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/03_Mar/Documents/2014-03-25_Item_29_Opposition_to_Rail_Transport_of_Hazardous.aspx\">Berkeley’s\u003c/a> against a \u003ca href=\"http://www.phillips66.com/EN/about/our-businesses/refining-marketing/refining/santamaria/Pages/rail-project-information.aspx\">Phillips 66\u003c/a> plan to build a rail terminal at its San Luis Obispo County refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a quick review of what’s going on with crude-by-rail in the Bay Area, and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil companies want to transport crude oil by train because it’s cheap and (relatively) local.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area refineries mostly get their oil from pipelines and ships, from \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/crude_oil_receipts.html\">Southern California, Alaska and the Middle East\u003c/a>. But there’s an oil boom right now in the middle part of North America. In North Dakota it’s oil coming from the Bakken formation, and in Alberta it’s from the tar sands. Oil companies want to get all that oil to the coasts, where the refineries and most of their customers are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In defense of the projects, oil companies point out that this oil is either from right here in the U.S. or from our friendly neighbor Canada, rather than from overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil imports by rail into California have \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2013_crude_by_rail.html\">shot up in recent years\u003c/a>, from zero in early 2009, to more than a million barrels in December 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Opponents of crude-by-rail are concerned about public safety and environmental impacts.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crude oil from Alberta’s tar sands is heavy and high in sulfur. Environmentalists say it’s “dirty,” that it pollutes more to get it out of the ground and to refine it. So that’s the climate change and air pollution side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, the safety concerns are mostly about the oil from the Bakken formation. It’s light and sweet, that is, lower in sulfur. But it’s also volatile. The oil trains that have derailed and exploded recently, including the one in Lac-Mégantic, Quebec, that killed 47 people, were carrying Bakken crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It turns out crude-by-rail was already coming into Richmond.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinder Morgan has been bringing in 100-car trains of crude oil to its \u003ca href=\"http://www.kindermorgan.com/business/products_pipelines/terminals_W_richmond.cfm\">terminal in Richmond\u003c/a>, which is on the BNSF rail line. \u003ca href=\"http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/03/14/trains-carrying-fracked-oil-spotted-in-bay-area/\">KPIX followed the oil\u003c/a> as it was loaded into a truck and brought to the \u003ca href=\"http://tsocorp.com/refining/martinez-calif/\">Tesoro refinery in Martinez\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of \u003ca href=\"http://earthjustice.org/news/press/2014/groups-challenge-crude-by-rail-shipments-to-bay-area-city\">environmental and community groups is suing\u003c/a> the Air District and Kinder Morgan to stop the operation. They say there should have been a full environmental review before bringing in trains full of crude oil. Kinder Morgan was already using the facility to bring in chemicals like ethanol. (The lawsuit is embedded at the bottom of this article.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13016\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/pittsburgoilprotest.jpg\" alt=\"About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on January 11, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on January 11, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There are more crude-by-rail projects on the table in the Bay Area and Central Coast. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero wants to build a crude-by-rail terminal at its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">refinery in Benicia\u003c/a>. The city is working on an \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/index.asp?SEC=%7BC45EA667-8D39-4B30-87EB-9110A2F9CE13%7D\">environmental impact report\u003c/a> on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pittsburg, an energy company called WesPac is trying to open an \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/bay-area-residents-resist-crude-by-rail-as-accidents-rise/\">oil terminal\u003c/a> that would bring crude in by rail, pipeline and ship. The city recently reopened that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">environmental impact report\u003c/a>, to do more research on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on the Central Coast, the Phillips 66 refinery in San Luis Obispo County has applied to build a rail terminal. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/planning/environmental/EnvironmentalNotices/railproject.htm\">comment period\u003c/a> on that project has also just been reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There has been some progress on making transporting crude oil by train safer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/2014/140123.html\">has been asking for safety upgrades\u003c/a> to the tank cars used to transport oil. Those would need to go through the U.S. Department of Transportation; the NTSB can make recommendations, but not regulations. That’s been a slow process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Association of American Railroads has announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.aar.org/newsandevents/Press-Releases/Pages/Freight-Railroads-Join-U-S-Transportation-Secretary-Foxx-in-Announcing-Industry-Crude-By-Rail-Safety-Initiative.aspx#.UzYLfYUXJfQ\">voluntary safety improvements\u003c/a> for crude-by-rail, including more inspections on rail lines, decreased speeds in urban areas and updated brake systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 12px auto 6px auto;font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 14px;line-height: normal\">\u003ca style=\"text-decoration: underline\" title=\"View Crude-By-Rail Lawsuit on Scribd\" href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/215141448/Crude-By-Rail-Lawsuit\">Crude-By-Rail Lawsuit\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"doc_75730\" src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/215141448/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/141950402&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Anza-Borrego, a Park Dealing With a Drought on Top of a Drought",
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"content": "\u003cp>Dry years stifle a key tourist attraction, creating challenge for supporters of state’s largest park. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/03/28/anza-borrego-desert-state-park-wildflower-drought++\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/03/28/anza-borrego-desert-state-park-wildflower-drought++\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Anza-Borrego, a Park Dealing With a Drought on Top of a Drought\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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},
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
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