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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-godfather-of-conservation\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/02/rosenfeld300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Don’t forget to turn off the lights next time you leave a room. You’ll make an 83-year-old physicist, with a passion for saving kilowatts, very happy\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you know what the biggest energy drain is on your house? Well, if you don’t have a hot tub, it’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.blachlylane.coop/customer_service/tips.php\">heating and cooling your house\u003c/a>. My head is swimming with energy efficiency facts after producing \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-godfather-of-conservation\">this week’s QUEST radio piece\u003c/a> on efficiency guru Art Rosenfeld. Rosenfeld is retiring, stepping down after two terms on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>. The guy has spent the past thirty five years fighting for us, California’s energy consumers. While electricity consumption has risen, sharply, in the rest of the country, California’s electricity use, per capita, has remained nearly flat since the early 1970’s. It is not that we are any less addicted to our flat screen TVs and personal computers, it’s that the state, thanks in large part to Rosenfeld’s dogged persistence, has put in place some of the strictest energy standards in the world. His passion for saving killowatts has saved billions on utility bills and improved air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it goes with people who are driven by a cause, the 83-year-old physicist is not really retiring. Rosenfeld will be returning to \u003ca href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/\">Lawrence Berkeley National Labs \u003c/a>a few days a week to continue his research on low reflective white roof tops. His work has shown white roofs can cut electricity use by 15-percent by reducing the need for air conditioning and they combat climate change at the same time. White roofs are now mandatory on commercial buildings in California, thanks, in part, to Rosenfeld. Check out our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/urban-heat-islands\">radio story on cool roofs\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And by the way, don’t forget to turn off the lights next time you leave a room. You’ll make an 83-year-old physicist, with a passion for saving kilowatts, very happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/02/12/reporters-notes-the-godfather-of-conservation/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-godfather-of-green\">Listen to The Godfather of Green\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/02/blog_buoyancy.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Cartesian Diver: this is a classic demo named after the17\u003csup>th\u003c/sup>-century philosopher and mathematician \u003ca href=\"http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/descartes.html\">René Descartes.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buoyancy is the force that decides whether an object will sink or float, and has had a long and colorful history. As the story goes, the Greek thinker \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes\">Archimedes\u003c/a> was sitting in his bathtub one day when he noticed how the water around him rose when he got in. Suddenly, he realized that he could use the water level rise to measure an object’s volume. Shouting “Eureka!” he burst out of the tub and ran out into the streets stark naked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fascination with buoyancy continues into modern times. Astronauts have exploited buoyancy to simulate being in space. Scuba divers use it to turn the underwater world into their playground. And then of course there is David Letterman’s \u003cem>Will it Float?\u003c/em>, an entire sketch dedicated to watching what happens when something is dropped into a giant pool of water. Demonstrations at home of buoyancy are easy to come by, too. Below are two of my favorites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cartesian Diver\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a classic demo named after the17\u003csup>th\u003c/sup>-century philosopher and mathematician \u003ca href=\"http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/descartes.html\">René Descartes\u003c/a>, although curiously, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/courses/CI241-science-Sp95/resources/philoToy/philoToy.html\">no one seems to know why\u003c/a>. Build a miniature model of a submarine here and take control of an object’s depth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do: \u003c/em>You need a 2-liter plastic soda bottle, the cap to a ballpoint pen, water, and a lump of clay. Drain the soda bottle and refill with water. Attach a lump of clay to the bottom of the pen cap (enough to weigh it down but not quite to sink it). Drop the cap into the filled soda bottle and seal the bottle’s top. Squeeze! Depending on the amount of pressure you apply, you should be able to make your pen cap dive to the bottom of the bottle and resurface at will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s going on? \u003c/em>An object will float or sink depending on how its density (its mass divided by its volume) compares with that of the surrounding liquid. For example, a steel rod is heavy for its size so it sinks. However, if you increase the rod’s volume by trapping an air bubble inside or reshaping the steel into a boat, then you can make it float. In the case of the Cartesian diver there is an air bubble trapped beneath the pen cap. When you squeeze the bottle you compress the air bubble into a smaller volume, and while the diver still weighs the same it now sinks. This is exactly how the \u003ca href=\"http://science.howstuffworks.com/submarine1.htm\">ballast tanks\u003c/a> of a submarine work, and many fish have an organ called a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swim_bladder\">swim bladder\u003c/a> that uses the principle to control their depth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Layered Liquids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Awesomeness ensues when you mix the effects of buoyancy with liquids that don’t mix. You may already be familiar with the fancier versions of this demo in the form of \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUv4Cid3OnE\">lava lamps\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8i5Hxts3_yQ\">oil drop toys\u003c/a> you can buy in many trinket stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do: \u003c/em>You need corn syrup, water, vegetable oil, a clear container, and some food coloring. Use the food coloring to dye the corn syrup, water, and oil different colors for increased effect. Pour about an inch of corn syrup into the bottom of the clear container, then gently pour about an inch of water above it, and finally pour the oil atop the water. Each liquid will float atop the one beneath it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s going on? \u003c/em>Density can affect whether or not a liquid will float in exactly the same way that it can determine whether a solid object floats. In this example water is less dense than corn syrup, so it floats on top. Oil is less dense than both corn syrup and water, so it floats highest of all. Such layering of liquids can also happen between salt water and fresh water in underwater caves, sometimes dangerously tricking divers into believing there is an air bubble over their heads when in fact there is just a different kind of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do: \u003c/em>You need a 2-liter plastic soda bottle, the cap to a ballpoint pen, water, and a lump of clay. Drain the soda bottle and refill with water. Attach a lump of clay to the bottom of the pen cap (enough to weigh it down but not quite to sink it). Drop the cap into the filled soda bottle and seal the bottle’s top. Squeeze! Depending on the amount of pressure you apply, you should be able to make your pen cap dive to the bottom of the bottle and resurface at will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s going on? \u003c/em>An object will float or sink depending on how its density (its mass divided by its volume) compares with that of the surrounding liquid. For example, a steel rod is heavy for its size so it sinks. However, if you increase the rod’s volume by trapping an air bubble inside or reshaping the steel into a boat, then you can make it float. In the case of the Cartesian diver there is an air bubble trapped beneath the pen cap. When you squeeze the bottle you compress the air bubble into a smaller volume, and while the diver still weighs the same it now sinks. This is exactly how the \u003ca href=\"http://science.howstuffworks.com/submarine1.htm\">ballast tanks\u003c/a> of a submarine work, and many fish have an organ called a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swim_bladder\">swim bladder\u003c/a> that uses the principle to control their depth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Layered Liquids\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Awesomeness ensues when you mix the effects of buoyancy with liquids that don’t mix. You may already be familiar with the fancier versions of this demo in the form of \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUv4Cid3OnE\">lava lamps\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8i5Hxts3_yQ\">oil drop toys\u003c/a> you can buy in many trinket stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do: \u003c/em>You need corn syrup, water, vegetable oil, a clear container, and some food coloring. Use the food coloring to dye the corn syrup, water, and oil different colors for increased effect. Pour about an inch of corn syrup into the bottom of the clear container, then gently pour about an inch of water above it, and finally pour the oil atop the water. Each liquid will float atop the one beneath it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s going on? \u003c/em>Density can affect whether or not a liquid will float in exactly the same way that it can determine whether a solid object floats. In this example water is less dense than corn syrup, so it floats on top. Oil is less dense than both corn syrup and water, so it floats highest of all. Such layering of liquids can also happen between salt water and fresh water in underwater caves, sometimes dangerously tricking divers into believing there is an air bubble over their heads when in fact there is just a different kind of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/zettl/projects/graphenehole/hole.html\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/11/blogGrapheneHole300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Electron microscope image of a hole embedded within a sheet of graphene. The corners of the green hexagons are carbon atoms which form graphene’s crystal structure. Image courtesy of the Zettl Research Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California at Berkeley.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acquiring a sample of graphene is almost comically easy. Start with an ordinary piece of graphite, which is basically the same material that is used in pencil lead. Squeeze it between two pieces of Scotch tape and tear them apart. Repeat several times until pieces of the graphite have been cleaved into sheets no more than a single atom thick. Voila - graphene! Total cost of 1 pencil plus a roll of Scotch tape: about $3. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simple as this process is, scientists did not even know that single sheets of graphene could exist until 2004. Now that we know that we can make graphene, it turns out that it has some amazing electrical properties and someday might even replace silicon as the most important component in computer circuitry. To that end, researchers in Alex Zettl’s group at Berkeley have \u003ca href=\"http://www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/zettl/projects/graphenehole/hole.html\">endeavored recently to isolate suspended membranes of graphene for study and image them\u003c/a> at Lawrence Berkeley Lab’s TEAM 0.5, the world’s most powerful transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results were published last spring by Çaglar Ö. Girit and others in the Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two aspects of the Zettl group’s recent work have been particularly interesting. First, the TEAM 0.5 microscope not only has the ability to see individual atoms of graphene, but can also take pictures in close to real time. This means that Girit was able to see dynamics of graphene as they actually happened. Other types of microscopy (\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope\">scanning tunneling microscopes\u003c/a>, for example) can take several minutes to get a single picture. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, Girit and others centered their images at a hole within the graphene sheet. This allowed them to observe the dynamics that occur at the material’s edge. Such edges can have a notable effect on a graphene sheet’s electrical properties and thus understanding them and controlling them would be crucial in the design of any future technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from technological applications, graphene is a theoretical physicist’s dream system because it beautifully combines the dynamics of \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/relativity/\">relativistic\u003c/a> particles from space such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.ps.uci.edu/~superk/neutrino.html\">neutrinos\u003c/a> with the experimental accessibility of an easy system to make and manipulate here on Earth. Girit thinks that this is perhaps the single most exciting aspect of the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only time will tell if graphene will have a long-term impact on society, but this would not be the first time a new discovery has transformed the Bay Area. In 1955 \u003ca href=\"http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1956/shockley-bio.html\">William Shockley\u003c/a> moved to Mountain View, CA to found a new startup developing the silicon transistor. His company’s success was ultimately \u003ca href=\"http://www1.hollins.edu/faculty/richter/327/AbsentCreation.htm\">marred by Shockley’s own belligerent personality\u003c/a> (“He understood everything except people,” \u003ca href=\"http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1964/townes-bio.html\">Charles Townes\u003c/a> once remarked), but the invention and the industry that grew up around it have revolutionized the region. The Santa Clara Valley’s old nickname, “the Valley of Heart’s Delight,” has long since been whisked away into a memory of a distant time and setting. Today most of us know it only as Silicon Valley. Our children may know the region as something entirely different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/11/graphene.jpg\">\u003cem>Lawrence Berkeley Lab's TEAM 0.5 is capable of resolving individual carbon atoms in the honeycomb crystal structure of graphene. See QUEST's video \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-worlds-most-powerful-microscope\">The World's Most Powerful Microscope\u003c/a> for more information. Image source: Nano Letters\u003c/em>\u003c/span>The twentieth century’s most important physicist after Albert Einstein is almost certainly \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feynman\">Richard Feynman\u003c/a>. Known as much for his eccentricities as for his brilliance, he spent his adolescent spare time picking locks, translated Mayan hieroglyphics as an adult, and was one of the few people brash enough to attempt viewing the U.S.’s first atomic bomb test without protective sunglasses. Feynman’s chief scientific contribution was the development of \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_electrodynamics\">QED\u003c/a>, a fundamental and astonishingly accurate description of electricity and magnetism. However, he was also a champion of the practical, and in 1959 gave a gave a prophetic speech at Caltech to his colleagues entitled, “\u003ca href=\"http://www.me.ucsb.edu/course_pages/course_pages_f09/me141a/plenty_of_room.pdf\">There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom\u003c/a>.” The speech described a rich world of possibilities that could arise if we only applied ourselves toward controlling matter on smaller and smaller scales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty years later, a new field of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/nanotechnology-takes-off\">nanotechnology\u003c/a> has exploded. At the cutting edge, researchers are successfully manufacturing everything from \u003ca href=\"http://www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm/images/stm10.jpg\">corporate logos\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/zettl/projects/nanoradio/radio.html\">radios\u003c/a> that are all small enough to be stacked end-to-end perhaps a million items long across the proverbial head of a pin. The advent of personal computers and smart phones has brought the power of such miniaturization into sharp focus for the general public. In a very real sense, we have all become bottom feeders. Below is a brief progress report on the state of the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Microscopes: \u003c/strong>The old adage “seeing is believing” was not lost on Feynman back in the late fifties. He noted that many of the most fundamental questions in biology could be readily solved if we only had the ability to see the molecules directly. Today, new inventions such as the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope\">scanning tunneling microscope\u003c/a> (STM), the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscope\">atomic force microscope\u003c/a> (AFM), and the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron_microscopy\">transmission electron microscope\u003c/a> (TEM) have all achieved resolution at the scale where individual atoms can actually be seen and manipulated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Miniature Motors: \u003c/strong>Perhaps the speech’s most imaginative scenario, due to Feynman’s friend (and graduate student) Albert Hibbs, was the concept of being able to “swallow the surgeon.” Feynman imagined that we might some day be able to construct robots capable of repairing or investigating the inner reaches of an ailing patient’s body. Mixing engineering and biology like this can run quickly into thorny ethical questions. Nevertheless, interesting progress has been made. Researchers in Alex Zettl’s group at UC Berkeley have recently constructed a nano motor, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Information Storage: \u003c/strong>Using order-of-magnitude arguments, Feynman argued that the Encyclopedia Britannica could be squeezed into a pin’s area if the text were reduced by a factor of 25,000. He offered a $1,000 prize to the first person capable of printing one page of any book at this scale. Tom Newman, a graduate student at Stanford, \u003ca href=\"http://calteches.library.caltech.edu/597/2/Tale.pdf\">first accomplished this\u003c/a> in 1986 with an impressive reprinting of the first page of Dickens’ classic \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Tale-Two-Cities-Charles-Dickens/dp/1448625025/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1257154831&sr=1-1\">A Tale of Two Cities\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. Today, you can buy the book in its entirety for only 1.9 megabytes. For a high-end smart phone with 30 gigabytes of memory, you could perhaps hold 15,000 books within the palm of your hand. Not bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then again, at the extreme limit, Feynman also reasoned that you ought to be able to squeeze the text of every book that has ever been written (now more than 32 million titles according the \u003ca href=\"http://www.loc.gov/about/facts.html\">Library of Congress\u003c/a>) within the confines of a single speck of dust. We still have a long way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/sloantelesco1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>The Sloan Telescope used to conduct BOSS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nA long time ago in a galaxy far far away…Well, to be precise, 14 billion years ago and at the beginning of the universe was the Big Bang. Ever since that moment, our universe has been expanding, but over the last 7 billion years that expansion has been accelerating. Why? Scientists don’t really know, so they came up with an ominous term as a placeholder: \u003ca href=\"http://nasascience.nasa.gov/astrophysics/what-is-dark-energy\">Dark Energy\u003c/a> (Another possible explanation is that that our theory of gravity is wrong, but we’ll skip that for now). Recent calculations project dark energy makes up nearly 70% of the mass-energy of the universe. 70% of the universe is a mystery? That’s the kind of puzzle that inspires scientists to craft unique experiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those is \u003ca href=\"http://cosmology.lbl.gov/BOSS/\">BOSS\u003c/a>, the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, is a new project to create a 3-D map of over 2 million galaxies and quasars representing the best data ever obtained on the large-scale structure of the universe. \u003ca href=\"http://astro.berkeley.edu/%7Emwhite/bao/\">Baryon oscillations\u003c/a> began as pressure waves through the hot plasma of the early universe. Those waves left an imprint on the matter that makes up the universe, including the dark matter. The survey will essentially act as a ruler, in order to measure how the universe has been expanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next Monday, you’ll be able to meet \u003ca href=\"http://bccp.lbl.gov/personnel/david_schlegel/\">David Schlegel\u003c/a>, the principal investigator of BOSS. He’ll be part of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/LBL-PID/fobl/\">panel of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory scientists\u003c/a> discussing their search for dark energy. As a primer, check out \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/dark-energy\">QUEST’s story on Dark Energy\u003c/a> from last year. The piece features astrophysicist \u003ca href=\"http://supernova.lbl.gov/public/sauldir/saulhome.html\">Saul Perlmutter\u003c/a>, who will also be speaking at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See QUEST’s Video on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/dark-energy\">Dark Energy\u003c/a> below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareascience.org/calendar/events/index.php?com=detail&eID=1023&year=2009&month=10\">Dark Secrets: What Science Tells Us About the Hidden Universe\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where:\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps?q=2025+Addison+Street%2C+Berkeley%2C+CA+94704&hl=en&f=d\">Berkeley Repertory Theater\u003c/a>, 2025 Addison Street, Berkeley\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> When:\u003c/em> Monday, October 26th 7-830 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost:\u003c/em> FREE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Details:\u003c/em> No mystery is bigger than dark energy — the elusive force that makes up three-quarters of the Universe and is causing it to expand at an accelerating rate. KTVU Channel 2 health and science editor John Fowler will moderate a panel of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory scientists who use phenomena such as exploding stars and gravitational lenses to explore the dark cosmos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.871295 -122.269316\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/sloantelesco1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>The Sloan Telescope used to conduct BOSS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\nA long time ago in a galaxy far far away…Well, to be precise, 14 billion years ago and at the beginning of the universe was the Big Bang. Ever since that moment, our universe has been expanding, but over the last 7 billion years that expansion has been accelerating. Why? Scientists don’t really know, so they came up with an ominous term as a placeholder: \u003ca href=\"http://nasascience.nasa.gov/astrophysics/what-is-dark-energy\">Dark Energy\u003c/a> (Another possible explanation is that that our theory of gravity is wrong, but we’ll skip that for now). Recent calculations project dark energy makes up nearly 70% of the mass-energy of the universe. 70% of the universe is a mystery? That’s the kind of puzzle that inspires scientists to craft unique experiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those is \u003ca href=\"http://cosmology.lbl.gov/BOSS/\">BOSS\u003c/a>, the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, is a new project to create a 3-D map of over 2 million galaxies and quasars representing the best data ever obtained on the large-scale structure of the universe. \u003ca href=\"http://astro.berkeley.edu/%7Emwhite/bao/\">Baryon oscillations\u003c/a> began as pressure waves through the hot plasma of the early universe. Those waves left an imprint on the matter that makes up the universe, including the dark matter. The survey will essentially act as a ruler, in order to measure how the universe has been expanding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next Monday, you’ll be able to meet \u003ca href=\"http://bccp.lbl.gov/personnel/david_schlegel/\">David Schlegel\u003c/a>, the principal investigator of BOSS. He’ll be part of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/LBL-PID/fobl/\">panel of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory scientists\u003c/a> discussing their search for dark energy. As a primer, check out \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/dark-energy\">QUEST’s story on Dark Energy\u003c/a> from last year. The piece features astrophysicist \u003ca href=\"http://supernova.lbl.gov/public/sauldir/saulhome.html\">Saul Perlmutter\u003c/a>, who will also be speaking at the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See QUEST’s Video on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/dark-energy\">Dark Energy\u003c/a> below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/sf4.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>The Large Hadron Collider, if located in the Bay Area, would encompass a sizable piece of San Francisco. Image Credit: NASA.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>In about one month the world’s biggest science experiment, the \u003ca href=\"http://lhc.web.cern.ch/lhc/\">Large Hadron Collider\u003c/a> (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, will once again fire up. So now may be a good time to stop and remember what a stunning and ambitious project this is. Indeed, it becomes hard not to get lost in such an endless list of superlatives once you start noticing. I have gleaned a few below. See CERN’s \u003ca href=\"http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/LHC/Facts-en.html\">website\u003c/a> for more, or Jennifer Skene’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/09/12/the-large-hadron-collider-the-who-what-and-where-of-the-why-machine/\">blog\u003c/a> for a great set of LHC links.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>She’s Electric:\u003c/strong> To power a standard light bulb you need 60 Watts (or 15 watts for an equivalent CFL). To power a small house you need an average of about a thousand watts. To run the LHC at full power researchers will need 120 million watts. Alternatively, you could run the LHC, supply electricity to a population the size of Berkeley, or simultaneously bake 60,000 Thanksgiving turkeys. You could only fly three 747 airplanes, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Life in the Fast Lane: \u003c/strong>A fundamental axiom of physics states that no information can travel faster than the speed of light. The LHC’s \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton\">proton\u003c/a> beams are no exception, but their speeds do approach light speed to within a fraction of a millionth of 1 percent. Such velocities defy comprehension. Suffice it to say that if we ever managed to accelerate a person to this velocity, time would warp so much that we could expect her to live for half a million years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long and Winding Road: \u003c/strong>The LHC’s 17-mile circumference could make it a nice racetrack for a half-marathon, but don’t try racing the beam. When operational, protons will shoot around the LHC more than 11,000 times per second. Even more mind-boggling is the length of wire used in the construction of the LHC’s thousands of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/04/28/superconductivity-an-arsenic-laced-future/\">superconducting\u003c/a> magnets. CERN claims there is enough wire wrapped up in these magnets to trace out more than six trips to the Sun and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK Computer: \u003c/strong>When operational, the LHC is expected to generate 15 petabytes of data and simulations per year, which amounts to the hard drive space of about 30,000 high-end personal computers. At CERN in 1989, Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau revolutionized the world with their \u003ca href=\"http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/About/WebStory-en.html\">development of key pieces in the framework of the World Wide Web\u003c/a>. The networks being developed to manage the LHC’s expected data have inspired talk of a similar revolution to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Whole New World?: \u003c/strong>All of these wonders of physics and engineering have been developed for the purpose of one thing: to create a particle smasher with the capability of knocking two protons together with an energy of 14 TeV (trillions of electron volts). This is about the same energy that it takes to pick a grain of salt up off the floor. Compressed into such an acute space, however, it just might lend us insight into the most fundamental properties of our universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if they can only get those wires hooked up correctly...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/sf4.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>The Large Hadron Collider, if located in the Bay Area, would encompass a sizable piece of San Francisco. Image Credit: NASA.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>In about one month the world’s biggest science experiment, the \u003ca href=\"http://lhc.web.cern.ch/lhc/\">Large Hadron Collider\u003c/a> (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, will once again fire up. So now may be a good time to stop and remember what a stunning and ambitious project this is. Indeed, it becomes hard not to get lost in such an endless list of superlatives once you start noticing. I have gleaned a few below. See CERN’s \u003ca href=\"http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/LHC/Facts-en.html\">website\u003c/a> for more, or Jennifer Skene’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/09/12/the-large-hadron-collider-the-who-what-and-where-of-the-why-machine/\">blog\u003c/a> for a great set of LHC links.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>She’s Electric:\u003c/strong> To power a standard light bulb you need 60 Watts (or 15 watts for an equivalent CFL). To power a small house you need an average of about a thousand watts. To run the LHC at full power researchers will need 120 million watts. Alternatively, you could run the LHC, supply electricity to a population the size of Berkeley, or simultaneously bake 60,000 Thanksgiving turkeys. You could only fly three 747 airplanes, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Life in the Fast Lane: \u003c/strong>A fundamental axiom of physics states that no information can travel faster than the speed of light. The LHC’s \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton\">proton\u003c/a> beams are no exception, but their speeds do approach light speed to within a fraction of a millionth of 1 percent. Such velocities defy comprehension. Suffice it to say that if we ever managed to accelerate a person to this velocity, time would warp so much that we could expect her to live for half a million years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Long and Winding Road: \u003c/strong>The LHC’s 17-mile circumference could make it a nice racetrack for a half-marathon, but don’t try racing the beam. When operational, protons will shoot around the LHC more than 11,000 times per second. Even more mind-boggling is the length of wire used in the construction of the LHC’s thousands of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/04/28/superconductivity-an-arsenic-laced-future/\">superconducting\u003c/a> magnets. CERN claims there is enough wire wrapped up in these magnets to trace out more than six trips to the Sun and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK Computer: \u003c/strong>When operational, the LHC is expected to generate 15 petabytes of data and simulations per year, which amounts to the hard drive space of about 30,000 high-end personal computers. At CERN in 1989, Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau revolutionized the world with their \u003ca href=\"http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/About/WebStory-en.html\">development of key pieces in the framework of the World Wide Web\u003c/a>. The networks being developed to manage the LHC’s expected data have inspired talk of a similar revolution to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Whole New World?: \u003c/strong>All of these wonders of physics and engineering have been developed for the purpose of one thing: to create a particle smasher with the capability of knocking two protons together with an energy of 14 TeV (trillions of electron volts). This is about the same energy that it takes to pick a grain of salt up off the floor. Compressed into such an acute space, however, it just might lend us insight into the most fundamental properties of our universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if they can only get those wires hooked up correctly...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/cassini-saturn-ring-bump-sh.jpg\">\u003cem>Bumps and ripples in the otherwise flat ring system of Saturn cast long shadows at equinox. Image credit: NASA/Cassini\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Imagine a vast, flat plain spreading out before you for tens of thousands of miles in all directions, with no Earthly curvature to give the horizon its slightly finite look. Instead, it stretches seemingly to the infinite blackness of space in one direction, and slices straight into the streaky, wind-smoothed clouds of Saturn in the other...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hard to imagine what it would be like to float just above the rings of Saturn, but what a sight it must be! As a kid, one of my favorite astronomical pass-times was imagining the view from other places in the Solar System. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now imagine a towering bulge of frosty mist rising up out of this super-flat plane of ice chunks, literally the size of a mountain. Such is what was beheld by \u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/\">NASA's Cassini \u003c/a>spacecraft last month--albeit, from a distance--when it turned its cameras to Saturn's vast rings during the few days surrounding Saturn's equinox (August 29, 2009), giving us a view never before seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equinox on Earth, when the Sun is positioned directly over our equator, happens twice a year. Due to Earth's tilted rotational axis, as we orbit the Sun the latitude over which the Sun shines directly cycles north and south between the latitudes of the Tropics. On its way north to warm our (Northern Hemisphere) summers or south to leave us in the chill, the Sun crosses the equator on the equinoxes (Fall and Spring).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same thing happens on Saturn, with two differences. First, Saturn takes nearly 30 years to orbit the Sun, so equinox comes only about every 14 years. Second, Saturn has its system of rings that encircle the planet directly above its equator, serving as a visible extension of the equator. At \u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3683\">Saturn's equinox\u003c/a>, the Sun is not only directly over the equator, but sunlight strikes the rings edge-on, like a flashlight shining on a flat piece of paper from the edge, the light just grazing over the surfaces on either side. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this happens, any deviations from the flatness of the ring system—bumps and ripples--\u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3674\">cast long shadows across the rings\u003c/a>, making the features much easier to see. The same thing is seen on that piece of paper with shadows from creases and bumps leaping across the page. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As seen from Earth, equinox on Saturn means the rings appear to vanish as we look at them edge-on. This behavior puzzled astronomers long ago before they understood the rings for what they are. During the August 2009 Saturn equinox, however, for the first time in history we had a bird's-eye view of the rings during equinox, from Cassini. Cassini has been in orbit around Saturn for five years now. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3672\">Cassini spotted a number of prominent shadows\u003c/a> trailing bright spots and ridges—bumps and ripples of different sorts rising above the ring plane. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the bumps--icy ring material kicked up by the gravitational disturbance of a small moonlet inside the rings--were measured at over two miles high, the height of the Rocky Mountains. Other rippling features, such as long ridges running along the direction the rings encircle Saturn, are waves created by the gravity of moons orbiting outside the ring system. Still other types of disturbances observed are possibly caused by the impact of meteoroids or chunks of ice with the rings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturn's rings are tens of thousands of miles across, but are extremely thin—perhaps no thicker than the height of a four-story building! So a bump or ripple as high as a mountain is a big deal! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ah, to be on Saturn, now that equinox is here... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/10/cassini-saturn-ring-bump-sh.jpg\">\u003cem>Bumps and ripples in the otherwise flat ring system of Saturn cast long shadows at equinox. Image credit: NASA/Cassini\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Imagine a vast, flat plain spreading out before you for tens of thousands of miles in all directions, with no Earthly curvature to give the horizon its slightly finite look. Instead, it stretches seemingly to the infinite blackness of space in one direction, and slices straight into the streaky, wind-smoothed clouds of Saturn in the other...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hard to imagine what it would be like to float just above the rings of Saturn, but what a sight it must be! As a kid, one of my favorite astronomical pass-times was imagining the view from other places in the Solar System. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now imagine a towering bulge of frosty mist rising up out of this super-flat plane of ice chunks, literally the size of a mountain. Such is what was beheld by \u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/\">NASA's Cassini \u003c/a>spacecraft last month--albeit, from a distance--when it turned its cameras to Saturn's vast rings during the few days surrounding Saturn's equinox (August 29, 2009), giving us a view never before seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equinox on Earth, when the Sun is positioned directly over our equator, happens twice a year. Due to Earth's tilted rotational axis, as we orbit the Sun the latitude over which the Sun shines directly cycles north and south between the latitudes of the Tropics. On its way north to warm our (Northern Hemisphere) summers or south to leave us in the chill, the Sun crosses the equator on the equinoxes (Fall and Spring).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same thing happens on Saturn, with two differences. First, Saturn takes nearly 30 years to orbit the Sun, so equinox comes only about every 14 years. Second, Saturn has its system of rings that encircle the planet directly above its equator, serving as a visible extension of the equator. At \u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3683\">Saturn's equinox\u003c/a>, the Sun is not only directly over the equator, but sunlight strikes the rings edge-on, like a flashlight shining on a flat piece of paper from the edge, the light just grazing over the surfaces on either side. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this happens, any deviations from the flatness of the ring system—bumps and ripples--\u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3674\">cast long shadows across the rings\u003c/a>, making the features much easier to see. The same thing is seen on that piece of paper with shadows from creases and bumps leaping across the page. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As seen from Earth, equinox on Saturn means the rings appear to vanish as we look at them edge-on. This behavior puzzled astronomers long ago before they understood the rings for what they are. During the August 2009 Saturn equinox, however, for the first time in history we had a bird's-eye view of the rings during equinox, from Cassini. Cassini has been in orbit around Saturn for five years now. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index.cfm?imageId=3672\">Cassini spotted a number of prominent shadows\u003c/a> trailing bright spots and ridges—bumps and ripples of different sorts rising above the ring plane. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the bumps--icy ring material kicked up by the gravitational disturbance of a small moonlet inside the rings--were measured at over two miles high, the height of the Rocky Mountains. Other rippling features, such as long ridges running along the direction the rings encircle Saturn, are waves created by the gravity of moons orbiting outside the ring system. Still other types of disturbances observed are possibly caused by the impact of meteoroids or chunks of ice with the rings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturn's rings are tens of thousands of miles across, but are extremely thin—perhaps no thicker than the height of a four-story building! So a bump or ripple as high as a mountain is a big deal! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ah, to be on Saturn, now that equinox is here... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/09/oobleck.jpg\">\u003cem>Water and cornstarch make a non-Newtonian fluid when mixed: messy but great fun!\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Sixth grade was a big year for science fair projects in my hometown. I was fascinated by sound and decided to test whether high or low pitches traveled more easily. In principle this could have been a great idea, but I soon discovered that having family members lie down on the living room floor trying to listen while a beige plastic Fisher Price cassette player honked various toots and tweets from the adjacent room just wasn't going to work out as well as I had hoped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fast-forward fifteen years to the beginning of the present school year and the Internet has given us all a huge leg-up in finding hands-on ways to learn science. These are demonstrations rather than experiments--an important difference for those entering a fair. Nevertheless, I have included two of my favorites below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Homemade Oobleck:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pay tribute to Dr. Seuss's book \u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/Bartholomew-Oobleck-Caldecott-Honor-Classic/dp/0394800753/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1252280366&sr=1-1\">Bartholomew and the Oobleck\u003c/a> by whipping up this mixture that is both solid and liquid at the same time! The simplest version is listed below, but adding a few more bells and \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2XQ97XHjVw\">whistles\u003c/a> can increase the demonstration's awe-factor a bunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do:\u003c/em> You need a mixing bowl, water, and cornstarch. Fill the mixing bowl with about 1 cup of cornstarch, and add roughly an equal volume of water. Mix, incrementally adding cornstarch or water until the mixture attains an appropriate blend of goopiness and firmness. Enjoy the fluid's bizarre properties by squishing and kneading it with your hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What's going on? \u003c/em>Nearly all fluids have some intrinsic flow resistance. This property, called \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity\">viscosity\u003c/a>, is the reason water flows more easily than honey and at least partly why Usain Bolt can run 100 meters in under 10 seconds while it takes Michael Phelps well over a minute to swim the same distance. Our water/cornstarch mixture has a very special viscosity, making it easy to dip your hand into the mixture slowly, but quite hard to push it in quickly. (Technically, this is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid.) Science class will teach you that almost all matter can be classified into either a solid, liquid, or gas, but this is at least one example where the distinctions blur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bernoulli's Hair Dryer:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1738 the mathematician \u003ca href=\"http://www.mathematik.ch/mathematiker/daniel_bernoulli.php\">Daniel Bernoulli\u003c/a> (pronounced Ber-NEW-lee) published a theory of fluids that has influenced the designs of airplane wings and sailboats ever since. Exploit this concept to suspend a balloon or ping-pong ball precariously in mid-air with a hair dryer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What to do:\u003c/em> You need a hair dryer and a small round balloon (or a ping-pong ball, depending on the hair dryer's strength). Turn the hair dryer on, point it upward, and place the balloon in the vertical column of air. If the ceiling is not too high, you should be able to balance the balloon in mid-air this way. Now begin to tilt the hair dryer and watch the balloon stay suspended almost magically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What's going on? \u003c/em>Everyday experience helps us understand why the balloon or ball stays suspended when the hair dryer is pointed vertically: air blowing upward pushes on the balloon, and this in turn counteracts gravity. But why doesn't the balloon fall off to the side when we begin to tilt the hair dryer? The answer lies in Bernoulli's principle, which states that, all other things being equal, a fluid loses pressure as it picks up speed. The air coming out of the hair dryer is moving faster than the room's air so its pressure is lower. This pressure difference helps keep the balloon suspended, even when you tilt the hair dryer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water and cornstarch make a non-Newtonian fluid when mixed: messy but great fun!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8768 -122.251\u003c/p>\n\n",
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}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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