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"bio": "\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Farida Jhabvala Romero is a Labor Correspondent for KQED. She previously covered immigration. Farida was \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccnma.org/2022-most-influential-latina-journalists\">named\u003c/a> one of the 10 Most Influential Latina Journalists in California in 2022 by the California Chicano News Media Association. Her work has won awards from the Society of Professional Journalists (Northern California), as well as a national and regional Edward M. Murrow Award for the collaborative reporting projects “Dangerous Air” and “Graying California.” \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining KQED, Farida worked as a producer at Radio Bilingüe, a national public radio network. Farida earned her master’s degree in journalism from Stanford University.\u003c/span>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Anxious as Her Teen Son Is Escorted to Border by His Grandmother",
"title": "Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Anxious as Her Teen Son Is Escorted to Border by His Grandmother",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a sunlit kitchen in a suburb east of San Francisco, Veronica Aguilar was helping bake a cake one recent afternoon. She dipped her finger in the batter and smiled approvingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chocolate! Mmm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the baking project provided only a brief distraction. Aguilar kept checking her cellphone, anxiously awaiting news from her mother and 15-year-old son. They had just arrived in Tijuana, after traveling from El Salvador and joining a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">caravan with thousands of other Central Americans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar, 36, knew the perils and hardships of their journey. Last fall, she fled death threats from gangs near her home in San Salvador and joined a smaller caravan of about 350 people crossing Mexico. She said she was so nervous at the beginning of the trek that her stomach hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she made it to the Tijuana-San Diego border crossing, Aguilar sought asylum from U.S. officials. She said she was jailed by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for seven months in Orange County while her claim was processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710526 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veronica Aguilar looks at a photo of her family in El Salvador in the Moriartys' living room in Pinole on Nov. 18, 2018. Aguilar, an asylum applicant, traveled to the U.S. border in a caravan last year. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a nonprofit organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pueblosinfronteras.org\">Pueblo Sin Fronteras\u003c/a>, raised the $15,000 bond set by an immigration judge. And a couple, who Aguilar had never met, agreed to take her in so that she could be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar left the immigrant detention facility under electronic monitoring in June, with a bulky black GPS device locked to her right ankle. She headed to the home of Ann and Kent Moriarty in Pinole, where she has lived ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her initial asylum petition was denied, she’s now appealing with legal help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moriartys have come to feel like family at a time when Aguilar yearns for her son and mother on the other side of the border. Though she often clutches her phone and is unable to sleep, they help to ground and support her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">LISTEN: A Mother’s and Son's Migrant Caravan Journey to the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33442_IMG_0752-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Ann and Kent Moriarty are around the house — usually cooking meals or tending to the beehives and chickens in their garden — Aguilar often laughs and jokes with them, which eases her anxiety a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They welcomed me even though they didn’t know me,” Aguilar said. “And they have a big heart. They are always there when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Salvador, Aguilar worked a steady job as a seamstress. But she said she used to cross different gang territories when she walked to the gym, and “pandilleros” threatened to kill her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She feared gang members would force her son to join them. So after she settled in with the Moriartys and got word of the recent caravan, she called her mother with a big request: Could she accompany the boy more than 2,700 miles to the U.S. border? It seemed the only way to keep him safe on the way north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grandmother and Grandson Arrive in Tijuana\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing by the entrance to an overcrowded, outdoor migrant shelter in a sports complex in Tijuana, Aguilar’s mother, Luci Diaz, described what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, 55, cared for her grandson on her organic vegetable farm in a town north of San Salvador. But she knew it was unsafe for Aguilar’s teenage son, Vladimir, to stay there. (KQED is not disclosing Vladimir's last name because his family fears it could hurt his quest for asylum in the U.S.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz said sometimes, she would find gang members with guns drawn sitting on her doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a red zone for gangs,” said Diaz, adding that young men who refuse to join a gang face grave danger. “I just wanted to save my grandson’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710535 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants rest in a temporary shelter Tijuana officials opened at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center on Nov. 15, 2018. Many say they are fleeing gang violence in their home countries. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegel McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So Diaz and Vladimir left the farm with only one change of clothes and a few belongings. They rode buses to catch up with the caravan of mostly Hondurans in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they joined the larger group, they walked dozens of miles each day or caught rides with truckers. Diaz said she kept Vladimir’s birth certificate in a plastic bag near her chest, to guard it from the elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her sneakers broke, a woman gave her a pair of flip-flops that she wore the rest of the way, Diaz said. She bent down and pointed at her feet. Six toenails had fallen off on the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1168_t800.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There were times when I felt I couldn’t go on,” said Diaz. “But I’d look at my grandson and that would give me strength. I did everything I could to make it here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buzzing around Diaz, a crowd of more than 4,000 migrants stood in line for food donations and milled about the shelter near the U.S. border fence. Some families rested on mats on a baseball field surrounded by their belongings. When rains caused flooding, Tijuana officials shut down that shelter and opened another facility with roofed areas for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vladimir wasn’t staying with Diaz. Days after arriving in Tijuana, Diaz decided that the boy would be safer sleeping at a small youth shelter across town where he would have regular meals and access to immigration attorneys. She knew he would need help to prepare his asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz never intended to cross the border with Vladimir. She needed to return home to care for the other two grandchildren she is helping to raise, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before heading back to El Salvador, Diaz visited Vladimir at the youth shelter to say goodbye. She didn’t know when she would see him again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710243\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710243 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vladimir, 15, center, walks down the stairs of a shelter for migrant minors in Tijuana, Mexico. Vladimir traveled on a migrant caravan across Mexico with his grandmother. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teenager Left on His Own\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Diaz arrived at the two-story house near a busy avenue, a dozen teens sat on couches, watching soccer on TV. Vladimir, a lanky boy wearing a baseball cap and shorts, got up to greet her. A staffer at the shelter led the pair to a room so they could have a quiet place to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m fine here,\" Vladimir said. \"We have everything we need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the teen looked scared. His eyes were wide. With his grandmother leaving, the 15-year-old would be alone in a strange city. He would have to make the rest of the journey alone to his mother in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be difficult because I don’t know what’s going to happen, if I’ll even be able to cross the border or not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His grandmother pulled the boy close and hugged him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remember I love you,” she said, with tears streaming down her cheeks. “I brought you here not to abandon you, but to make sure you have a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir reached into his pocket and gave his grandmother a small silver crucifix on a thin chain he had worn since they began traveling together a month before. Diaz clutched it as her grandson left the room. Then she collected herself and stepped back out onto a Tijuana street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luci Diaz holds a crucifix her 15-year old grandson gave her before they separated in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. Diaz accompanied her grandson in a migrant caravan so that he can ask U.S. officials for asylum and join his mother in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It could be months before Vladimir sees a U.S. asylum officer. If he doesn’t pass an initial interview, he’ll be deported to El Salvador. If he does pass, he will likely be held in the custody of the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement for weeks or months until arrangements can be made to release him to his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mother Watches From Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Moriartys' kitchen in Pinole, with the chocolate cake in the oven, Aguilar said she hopes she will soon reunite with her son. But she still feels powerless. Part of her wants to run to meet him on the other side of the border, she said, but she doesn’t want to give up her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Waiting For Son, Mother Traveling in Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33443_IMG_0738-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I just have to be patient,” she said. “But as a parent, I just want to protect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives her comfort, Aguilar said, is the support of her hosts, the Moriartys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel that I’m not alone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kent and Ann Moriarty say they are willing to do whatever they can to help Aguilar regain custody of her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before opening their home to Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum, the Moriartys volunteered for years visiting detained immigrants and helping them stay in touch with relatives back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosting asylum-seekers felt like a natural next step, said Ann, a former middle school science teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both Christians, and that’s what has motivated us, in thinking of how Christ talks about welcoming the stranger,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting at the kitchen table, her husband Kent, a mechanical engineer, said there’s another motivation. He has seen his house guests are sometimes treated with suspicion when they venture out to the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to provide a counterpoint to that,” he said. “I don’t want them to see us and our country as full of mean people who don’t welcome them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710524\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710524 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann and Kent Moriarty sit at their home in Pinole, California, on Nov. 18, 2018. \"Dealing with immigration is confusing. We are not lawyers. Quite often we are in the position of not knowing what’s the next step to take,\" said Kent, about trying to support Veronica Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum whom they are hosting. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since June, more than 800 people nationwide have pledged to open their homes to help asylum-seekers leave immigration detention, according to Liz Martinez, with the California-based nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers came forward after the Trump administration began separating families at the border this summer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are now interested in helping out immigrants in a way that we haven't seen before,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Veronica Aguilar waits to see how an immigration appeals board will rule in her case — and if she’ll be able to live with her son in this country — she spends most days working to support other migrants with the caravan and in ICE detention in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Sunday afternoon, Aguilar put on some makeup, brushed her hair into a shiny ponytail and headed to a church in Berkeley that invited her to speak about ways to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most important thing now is to connect with other people here in the U.S. so that more families or churches can help receive asylum-seekers,” Aguilar said. “There’s a lot to do.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a sunlit kitchen in a suburb east of San Francisco, Veronica Aguilar was helping bake a cake one recent afternoon. She dipped her finger in the batter and smiled approvingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chocolate! Mmm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the baking project provided only a brief distraction. Aguilar kept checking her cellphone, anxiously awaiting news from her mother and 15-year-old son. They had just arrived in Tijuana, after traveling from El Salvador and joining a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">caravan with thousands of other Central Americans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar, 36, knew the perils and hardships of their journey. Last fall, she fled death threats from gangs near her home in San Salvador and joined a smaller caravan of about 350 people crossing Mexico. She said she was so nervous at the beginning of the trek that her stomach hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she made it to the Tijuana-San Diego border crossing, Aguilar sought asylum from U.S. officials. She said she was jailed by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for seven months in Orange County while her claim was processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710526 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34306_alt_809-e1544143982856-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Veronica Aguilar looks at a photo of her family in El Salvador in the Moriartys' living room in Pinole on Nov. 18, 2018. Aguilar, an asylum applicant, traveled to the U.S. border in a caravan last year. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a nonprofit organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pueblosinfronteras.org\">Pueblo Sin Fronteras\u003c/a>, raised the $15,000 bond set by an immigration judge. And a couple, who Aguilar had never met, agreed to take her in so that she could be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar left the immigrant detention facility under electronic monitoring in June, with a bulky black GPS device locked to her right ankle. She headed to the home of Ann and Kent Moriarty in Pinole, where she has lived ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though her initial asylum petition was denied, she’s now appealing with legal help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Moriartys have come to feel like family at a time when Aguilar yearns for her son and mother on the other side of the border. Though she often clutches her phone and is unable to sleep, they help to ground and support her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">LISTEN: A Mother’s and Son's Migrant Caravan Journey to the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711199/waiting-in-pinole-a-mother-and-sons-migrant-caravan-journey-to-the-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33442_IMG_0752-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Ann and Kent Moriarty are around the house — usually cooking meals or tending to the beehives and chickens in their garden — Aguilar often laughs and jokes with them, which eases her anxiety a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They welcomed me even though they didn’t know me,” Aguilar said. “And they have a big heart. They are always there when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Salvador, Aguilar worked a steady job as a seamstress. But she said she used to cross different gang territories when she walked to the gym, and “pandilleros” threatened to kill her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She feared gang members would force her son to join them. So after she settled in with the Moriartys and got word of the recent caravan, she called her mother with a big request: Could she accompany the boy more than 2,700 miles to the U.S. border? It seemed the only way to keep him safe on the way north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grandmother and Grandson Arrive in Tijuana\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing by the entrance to an overcrowded, outdoor migrant shelter in a sports complex in Tijuana, Aguilar’s mother, Luci Diaz, described what happened next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz, 55, cared for her grandson on her organic vegetable farm in a town north of San Salvador. But she knew it was unsafe for Aguilar’s teenage son, Vladimir, to stay there. (KQED is not disclosing Vladimir's last name because his family fears it could hurt his quest for asylum in the U.S.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz said sometimes, she would find gang members with guns drawn sitting on her doorstep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a red zone for gangs,” said Diaz, adding that young men who refuse to join a gang face grave danger. “I just wanted to save my grandson’s life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710535 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants rest in a temporary shelter Tijuana officials opened at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center on Nov. 15, 2018. Many say they are fleeing gang violence in their home countries. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegel McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So Diaz and Vladimir left the farm with only one change of clothes and a few belongings. They rode buses to catch up with the caravan of mostly Hondurans in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they joined the larger group, they walked dozens of miles each day or caught rides with truckers. Diaz said she kept Vladimir’s birth certificate in a plastic bag near her chest, to guard it from the elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her sneakers broke, a woman gave her a pair of flip-flops that she wore the rest of the way, Diaz said. She bent down and pointed at her feet. Six toenails had fallen off on the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11710164/caravan-migrants-settle-into-new-shelter-in-tijuana\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1168_t800.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There were times when I felt I couldn’t go on,” said Diaz. “But I’d look at my grandson and that would give me strength. I did everything I could to make it here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buzzing around Diaz, a crowd of more than 4,000 migrants stood in line for food donations and milled about the shelter near the U.S. border fence. Some families rested on mats on a baseball field surrounded by their belongings. When rains caused flooding, Tijuana officials shut down that shelter and opened another facility with roofed areas for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vladimir wasn’t staying with Diaz. Days after arriving in Tijuana, Diaz decided that the boy would be safer sleeping at a small youth shelter across town where he would have regular meals and access to immigration attorneys. She knew he would need help to prepare his asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diaz never intended to cross the border with Vladimir. She needed to return home to care for the other two grandchildren she is helping to raise, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day before heading back to El Salvador, Diaz visited Vladimir at the youth shelter to say goodbye. She didn’t know when she would see him again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710243\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710243 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34073_grandma-FINAL-05-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vladimir, 15, center, walks down the stairs of a shelter for migrant minors in Tijuana, Mexico. Vladimir traveled on a migrant caravan across Mexico with his grandmother. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teenager Left on His Own\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Diaz arrived at the two-story house near a busy avenue, a dozen teens sat on couches, watching soccer on TV. Vladimir, a lanky boy wearing a baseball cap and shorts, got up to greet her. A staffer at the shelter led the pair to a room so they could have a quiet place to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m fine here,\" Vladimir said. \"We have everything we need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the teen looked scared. His eyes were wide. With his grandmother leaving, the 15-year-old would be alone in a strange city. He would have to make the rest of the journey alone to his mother in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be difficult because I don’t know what’s going to happen, if I’ll even be able to cross the border or not,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His grandmother pulled the boy close and hugged him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remember I love you,” she said, with tears streaming down her cheeks. “I brought you here not to abandon you, but to make sure you have a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vladimir reached into his pocket and gave his grandmother a small silver crucifix on a thin chain he had worn since they began traveling together a month before. Diaz clutched it as her grandson left the room. Then she collected herself and stepped back out onto a Tijuana street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34149_grandma-FINAL-01-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luci Diaz holds a crucifix her 15-year old grandson gave her before they separated in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. Diaz accompanied her grandson in a migrant caravan so that he can ask U.S. officials for asylum and join his mother in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It could be months before Vladimir sees a U.S. asylum officer. If he doesn’t pass an initial interview, he’ll be deported to El Salvador. If he does pass, he will likely be held in the custody of the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement for weeks or months until arrangements can be made to release him to his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mother Watches From Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Moriartys' kitchen in Pinole, with the chocolate cake in the oven, Aguilar said she hopes she will soon reunite with her son. But she still feels powerless. Part of her wants to run to meet him on the other side of the border, she said, but she doesn’t want to give up her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">Bay Area Asylum-Seeker Waiting For Son, Mother Traveling in Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701750/caravans-path-closely-tracked-by-migrant-mom-in-bay-area\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/RS33443_IMG_0738-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I just have to be patient,” she said. “But as a parent, I just want to protect him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives her comfort, Aguilar said, is the support of her hosts, the Moriartys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel that I’m not alone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kent and Ann Moriarty say they are willing to do whatever they can to help Aguilar regain custody of her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before opening their home to Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum, the Moriartys volunteered for years visiting detained immigrants and helping them stay in touch with relatives back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosting asylum-seekers felt like a natural next step, said Ann, a former middle school science teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both Christians, and that’s what has motivated us, in thinking of how Christ talks about welcoming the stranger,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting at the kitchen table, her husband Kent, a mechanical engineer, said there’s another motivation. He has seen his house guests are sometimes treated with suspicion when they venture out to the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to provide a counterpoint to that,” he said. “I don’t want them to see us and our country as full of mean people who don’t welcome them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710524\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710524 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34308_IMG_0038-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann and Kent Moriarty sit at their home in Pinole, California, on Nov. 18, 2018. \"Dealing with immigration is confusing. We are not lawyers. Quite often we are in the position of not knowing what’s the next step to take,\" said Kent, about trying to support Veronica Aguilar and another Salvadoran family seeking asylum whom they are hosting. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since June, more than 800 people nationwide have pledged to open their homes to help asylum-seekers leave immigration detention, according to Liz Martinez, with the California-based nonprofit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org\">Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volunteers came forward after the Trump administration began separating families at the border this summer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people are now interested in helping out immigrants in a way that we haven't seen before,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Veronica Aguilar waits to see how an immigration appeals board will rule in her case — and if she’ll be able to live with her son in this country — she spends most days working to support other migrants with the caravan and in ICE detention in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Sunday afternoon, Aguilar put on some makeup, brushed her hair into a shiny ponytail and headed to a church in Berkeley that invited her to speak about ways to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Migrant Family Separations Didn't End Despite Executive Order",
"title": "Migrant Family Separations Didn't End Despite Executive Order",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration separated 81 migrant children from their families at the U.S.-Mexico border since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675975/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">June executive order\u003c/a> that stopped the general practice amid a crackdown on illegal crossings, according to government data obtained by The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the order and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686294/judge-pleased-with-progress-but-hundreds-of-migrant-children-still-separated-from-parents\">federal judge's later ruling\u003c/a>, immigration officials are allowed to separate a child from a parent in certain cases, such as serious criminal charges against a parent, concerns over the health and welfare of a child or medical concerns. Those caveats were in place before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11684978/the-california-report-talks-zero-tolerance-with-the-chief-patrol-agent-in-san-diego\">zero tolerance policy\u003c/a> that prompted the earlier separations at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">Judge Orders Reunification of Mother and Son From El Salvador\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-988419450-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The government decides whether a child fits into the areas of concern, worrying advocates of the families and immigrant rights groups that are afraid parents are being falsely labeled as criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data showed that from June 21, the day after President Trump's order, through Tuesday, 76 adults were separated from their children. Of those, 51 were criminally prosecuted — 31 with criminal histories and 20 for other, unspecified reasons. Nine were hospitalized, 10 had gang affiliations, four had extraditable warrants and two were separated because of prior immigration violations and orders of removal, according to the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The welfare of children in our custody is paramount,\" said Katie Waldman, a spokeswoman for the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees U.S. immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As we have already said — and the numbers show: Separations are rare. While there was a brief increase during zero tolerance as more adults were prosecuted, the numbers have returned to their prior levels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its height over the summer, more than 2,400 children were separated. The practice sparked global outrage from politicians, humanitarians and religious groups that called it cruel and callous. Images of weeping children and anguished, confused parents were splashed across newspapers and television.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710504 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1603\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-160x134.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-800x668.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-1200x1002.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant child looks out the window of a bus as protesters try to block a bus carrying migrant children out of a U.S. Customs and Border Protection Detention Center on June 23, 2018, in McAllen, Texas. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit brought by a mother who had been separated from her child resulted in a federal judge barring further separations and ordering the government to reunite the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the judge, Dana Sabraw, left the caveats in place and gave the option to challenge further separations on an individual basis. American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt, who sued on behalf of the mother, said he hoped the judge would order the government to alert them of any new separations, because right now the attorneys don't know about them and therefore can't challenge them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are very concerned the government may be separating families based on vague allegations of criminal history,\" Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683618/judge-orders-reunification-plan-for-deported-parents-aclu-presents-evidence-of-ice-coercion\">Judge Orders Reunification Plan for Deported Parents, ACLU Presents Evidence of ICE Coercion\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683618/judge-orders-reunification-plan-for-deported-parents-aclu-presents-evidence-of-ice-coercion\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/GettyImages-1005223924-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the government data, from April 19 through Sept. 30, 170 family units were separated because they were found to not be related — that included 197 adults and 139 minors. This could also include grandparents or other relatives if there was no proof of relationship. Many people fleeing poverty or violence leave their homes in a rush and don't have birth certificates or formal documents with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other separations were because the children were not minors, the data showed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From October 2016 through September 2017, 1,065 family units were separated— 46 due to fraud and 1,019 due to medical or security concerns, according to data. In most cases, this means a child and a parent faced separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman said the data showed \"unequivocally that smugglers, human traffickers, and nefarious actors are attempting to use hundreds of children to exploit our immigration laws in hopes of gaining entry to the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">Thousands of migrants\u003c/a> have come up from Central America in recent weeks as part of a large caravan. Trump used his national security powers to put in place regulations that denied asylum to anyone caught crossing illegally, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698629/parents-deported-without-their-kids-face-untenable-choice\">judge has halted that change\u003c/a> as a lawsuit progresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710531 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children take part in a protest against U.S. immigration policies outside the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City on June 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(Pedro Pardo/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The zero tolerance policy over the summer was meant in part to deter families from illegally crossing the border. Trump administration officials say the large increase in the number of Central American families coming between ports of entry has vastly strained the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the policy — and what it would mean for parents — caught some federal agencies off-guard. There was no system in place to track parents along with their children, in part because after 72 hours children are turned over to a different agency, the Department of Health and Human Services, which has been tasked with caring for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An October report by Homeland Security's watchdog found immigration officials were not prepared to manage the consequences of the policy. The resulting confusion along the border led to misinformation among separated parents who did not know why they had been taken from their children or how to reach them. Longer detention for children at border facilities meant short-term stays and difficulty in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698560/families-remain-separated\">identifying and reuniting families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also found backlogs at ports of entry may have pushed some into illegally crossing the U.S-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Trump administration separated 81 migrant children from their families at the U.S.-Mexico border since a June executive order that stopped the general practice, according to data obtained by The Associated Press.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration separated 81 migrant children from their families at the U.S.-Mexico border since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675975/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">June executive order\u003c/a> that stopped the general practice amid a crackdown on illegal crossings, according to government data obtained by The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the order and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11686294/judge-pleased-with-progress-but-hundreds-of-migrant-children-still-separated-from-parents\">federal judge's later ruling\u003c/a>, immigration officials are allowed to separate a child from a parent in certain cases, such as serious criminal charges against a parent, concerns over the health and welfare of a child or medical concerns. Those caveats were in place before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11684978/the-california-report-talks-zero-tolerance-with-the-chief-patrol-agent-in-san-diego\">zero tolerance policy\u003c/a> that prompted the earlier separations at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">Judge Orders Reunification of Mother and Son From El Salvador\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708703/judge-orders-reunification-of-mother-and-son-from-el-salvador\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-988419450-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The government decides whether a child fits into the areas of concern, worrying advocates of the families and immigrant rights groups that are afraid parents are being falsely labeled as criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data showed that from June 21, the day after President Trump's order, through Tuesday, 76 adults were separated from their children. Of those, 51 were criminally prosecuted — 31 with criminal histories and 20 for other, unspecified reasons. Nine were hospitalized, 10 had gang affiliations, four had extraditable warrants and two were separated because of prior immigration violations and orders of removal, according to the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The welfare of children in our custody is paramount,\" said Katie Waldman, a spokeswoman for the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees U.S. immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As we have already said — and the numbers show: Separations are rare. While there was a brief increase during zero tolerance as more adults were prosecuted, the numbers have returned to their prior levels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its height over the summer, more than 2,400 children were separated. The practice sparked global outrage from politicians, humanitarians and religious groups that called it cruel and callous. Images of weeping children and anguished, confused parents were splashed across newspapers and television.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710504 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1603\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-160x134.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-800x668.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-982169900-e1544131078252-1200x1002.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant child looks out the window of a bus as protesters try to block a bus carrying migrant children out of a U.S. Customs and Border Protection Detention Center on June 23, 2018, in McAllen, Texas. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit brought by a mother who had been separated from her child resulted in a federal judge barring further separations and ordering the government to reunite the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the judge, Dana Sabraw, left the caveats in place and gave the option to challenge further separations on an individual basis. American Civil Liberties Union attorney Lee Gelernt, who sued on behalf of the mother, said he hoped the judge would order the government to alert them of any new separations, because right now the attorneys don't know about them and therefore can't challenge them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are very concerned the government may be separating families based on vague allegations of criminal history,\" Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683618/judge-orders-reunification-plan-for-deported-parents-aclu-presents-evidence-of-ice-coercion\">Judge Orders Reunification Plan for Deported Parents, ACLU Presents Evidence of ICE Coercion\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683618/judge-orders-reunification-plan-for-deported-parents-aclu-presents-evidence-of-ice-coercion\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/GettyImages-1005223924-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the government data, from April 19 through Sept. 30, 170 family units were separated because they were found to not be related — that included 197 adults and 139 minors. This could also include grandparents or other relatives if there was no proof of relationship. Many people fleeing poverty or violence leave their homes in a rush and don't have birth certificates or formal documents with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other separations were because the children were not minors, the data showed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From October 2016 through September 2017, 1,065 family units were separated— 46 due to fraud and 1,019 due to medical or security concerns, according to data. In most cases, this means a child and a parent faced separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waldman said the data showed \"unequivocally that smugglers, human traffickers, and nefarious actors are attempting to use hundreds of children to exploit our immigration laws in hopes of gaining entry to the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">Thousands of migrants\u003c/a> have come up from Central America in recent weeks as part of a large caravan. Trump used his national security powers to put in place regulations that denied asylum to anyone caught crossing illegally, but a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698629/parents-deported-without-their-kids-face-untenable-choice\">judge has halted that change\u003c/a> as a lawsuit progresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710531\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11710531 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-980555774-e1544131063773-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children take part in a protest against U.S. immigration policies outside the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City on June 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(Pedro Pardo/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The zero tolerance policy over the summer was meant in part to deter families from illegally crossing the border. Trump administration officials say the large increase in the number of Central American families coming between ports of entry has vastly strained the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the policy — and what it would mean for parents — caught some federal agencies off-guard. There was no system in place to track parents along with their children, in part because after 72 hours children are turned over to a different agency, the Department of Health and Human Services, which has been tasked with caring for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An October report by Homeland Security's watchdog found immigration officials were not prepared to manage the consequences of the policy. The resulting confusion along the border led to misinformation among separated parents who did not know why they had been taken from their children or how to reach them. Longer detention for children at border facilities meant short-term stays and difficulty in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698560/families-remain-separated\">identifying and reuniting families\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also found backlogs at ports of entry may have pushed some into illegally crossing the U.S-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "FACT CHECK: Trump Wrong on Illegal Immigration Costs",
"title": "FACT CHECK: Trump Wrong on Illegal Immigration Costs",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is spreading misleading numbers about the cost of illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he tries to pressure Democrats to fund his long-promised southern border wall, Trump is claiming the country loses $250 billion a year on illegal immigration. But it remained unclear Tuesday where Trump had found that number, which is dramatically higher than previous estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a look at his claim:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1069990310175014914\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's numbers left even those sympathetic to the president's position scratching their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure where the president got his numbers,\" said Dave Ray, a spokesman for the nonprofit group FAIR, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairus.org\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower immigration numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the White House nor the Department of Homeland Security responded to questions Tuesday about where the $250 billion estimate had come from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.heritage.org\">The Heritage Foundation\u003c/a>, for instance, estimated in 2013 that households headed by immigrants living in the U.S. illegally impose a net fiscal burden of around $54.5 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even Trump himself has contradicted the figure. During his 2016 campaign, Trump claimed that illegal immigration cost the country more than $113 billion a year — less than half the number he tweeted Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">FACT CHECK: What's Happening on the U.S.-Mexico Border?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219482-e1543355344803.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That estimate appeared based on a paper by FAIR, which released an updated report in 2017 that claimed taxpayers \"shell out approximately $134.9 billion to cover the costs incurred by the presence of more than 12.5 million illegal aliens, and about 4.2 million citizen children of illegal aliens\" at the federal, state and local levels, with \"a tax burden of approximately $8,075 per illegal alien family member and a total of $115,894,597,664.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $116 million figure included services like health care and education, as well as spending on agencies like U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, minus the $19 billion the group concluded those who are living illegally in the country pay in taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it also included costs associated with the children of those immigrants in its tally, even when they are U.S. citizens. The estimate was criticized for making broad generalizations and other major methodological flaws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Mittelstadt of the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org\">Migration Policy Institute\u003c/a> said that advocacy groups' numbers on both sides of the issue are notoriously flawed because \"they don't look at the other side of the ledger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693442/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-can-be-broken\">Government Report Shows Border Wall Designs Can Be Broken\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693442/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-can-be-broken\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/TrumpBorderWallPrototypes.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Doing a rigorous analysis that fully captures costs and economic contributions to come up with a net fiscal impact is quite complicated, because it is far easier to assess the cost side of the ledger, particularly uncompensated medical care and education, than it is to capture the full economic activity generated by unauthorized immigrants,\" she said via email, pointing to \"their roles not just as workers and taxpayers but also as consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org\">Pew Research Center\u003c/a> also released new estimates last week that there were 10.7 million unauthorized immigrants living in the U.S. in 2016, down from a peak of 12.2 million in 2007 — less than groups like FAIR project.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As the president tries to pressure Democrats to fund his border wall, he claimed the U.S. loses $250 billion a year on illegal immigration. But it remained unclear where Trump got that number.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump is spreading misleading numbers about the cost of illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he tries to pressure Democrats to fund his long-promised southern border wall, Trump is claiming the country loses $250 billion a year on illegal immigration. But it remained unclear Tuesday where Trump had found that number, which is dramatically higher than previous estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a look at his claim:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump's numbers left even those sympathetic to the president's position scratching their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not sure where the president got his numbers,\" said Dave Ray, a spokesman for the nonprofit group FAIR, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairus.org\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower immigration numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the White House nor the Department of Homeland Security responded to questions Tuesday about where the $250 billion estimate had come from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.heritage.org\">The Heritage Foundation\u003c/a>, for instance, estimated in 2013 that households headed by immigrants living in the U.S. illegally impose a net fiscal burden of around $54.5 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even Trump himself has contradicted the figure. During his 2016 campaign, Trump claimed that illegal immigration cost the country more than $113 billion a year — less than half the number he tweeted Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">FACT CHECK: What's Happening on the U.S.-Mexico Border?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219482-e1543355344803.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That estimate appeared based on a paper by FAIR, which released an updated report in 2017 that claimed taxpayers \"shell out approximately $134.9 billion to cover the costs incurred by the presence of more than 12.5 million illegal aliens, and about 4.2 million citizen children of illegal aliens\" at the federal, state and local levels, with \"a tax burden of approximately $8,075 per illegal alien family member and a total of $115,894,597,664.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $116 million figure included services like health care and education, as well as spending on agencies like U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, minus the $19 billion the group concluded those who are living illegally in the country pay in taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it also included costs associated with the children of those immigrants in its tally, even when they are U.S. citizens. The estimate was criticized for making broad generalizations and other major methodological flaws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Mittelstadt of the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org\">Migration Policy Institute\u003c/a> said that advocacy groups' numbers on both sides of the issue are notoriously flawed because \"they don't look at the other side of the ledger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693442/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-can-be-broken\">Government Report Shows Border Wall Designs Can Be Broken\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693442/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-can-be-broken\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/TrumpBorderWallPrototypes.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Doing a rigorous analysis that fully captures costs and economic contributions to come up with a net fiscal impact is quite complicated, because it is far easier to assess the cost side of the ledger, particularly uncompensated medical care and education, than it is to capture the full economic activity generated by unauthorized immigrants,\" she said via email, pointing to \"their roles not just as workers and taxpayers but also as consumers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org\">Pew Research Center\u003c/a> also released new estimates last week that there were 10.7 million unauthorized immigrants living in the U.S. in 2016, down from a peak of 12.2 million in 2007 — less than groups like FAIR project.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry",
"title": "Caravan Migrants Settle Into New Shelter in Tijuana, Far From Port of Entry",
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"content": "\u003cp>Mexican officials are moving some Central American migrants arriving in Tijuana as part of the caravan to a new government-run shelter, after rains flooded the sports facility where many had been staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new site, an abandoned concert hall in eastern Tijuana called Barretal, has a capacity for 7,500 people. It’s not yet half full.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Migrants say it’s better than the previous overcrowded municipal sports facility. It's spacious, with a parking lot where people can bring donated clothing and food, and closed areas that provide shelter from the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a downside: The facility is a 30-minute drive from the San Ysidro Port of Entry, where people who want to request asylum in the United States must \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">put their names on a waitlist\u003c/a>, and check in periodically to see if it’s their turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people have no idea how to get to the port from Barretal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manuel Antonio Lopez, a 54-year-old Honduran who says he received death threats at home, put his name on the asylum waitlist while staying at the old shelter, a short walk from the port. He was given a number on a scrap of notebook paper: 1,479.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I haven’t gone back since I got here, I don’t know the status of the list, if it’s my turn yet, I don’t know,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710169\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710169\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants arrange cots on a floor at El Barretal on Dec. 4, 2018. \u003ccite>(Jean Guerrero/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez says he has no money to pay for bus tickets to get to the port, the only way he knows of to get there. Shelter coordinators say they’ll eventually create a method for letting people know when it’s their turn to speak to U.S. officials, and transferring them there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, migrants are confused. A Honduran woman who spoke anonymously because she fears for her life says she fled her country with her two daughters after her husband, an electrician, was killed for refusing to pay money to gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she has been checking WhatsApp, an application on her phone, for news from a stranger who told her he’d put her name on the asylum waitlist for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708594/photo-essay-migrants-with-a-california-dream\">Photo Essay: Migrants With a California Dream\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708594/photo-essay-migrants-with-a-california-dream\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34141_chaparral-FINAL-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Someone wrote me down for asylum, but they didn’t give me a number yet,\" she says. \"They said they’d sent it to me through my phone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She teared up in indignation when talking about the lack of privacy at the shelter. Journalists are allowed to come in unsupervised. She says cameras are everywhere when she tries to shower with her daughters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There isn’t privacy. The cameras are always focusing on us, taking photos all the time. We aren’t actors,\" she says. \"Why are the cameras following us?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of migrants have refused to leave the old shelter near the port and set up camp outside on sidewalks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of others have signed up to go back home with the help of the International Organization for Migration and Mexico’s immigration agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many were disillusioned with how hard it is to enter the U.S. A U.S. Customs and Border Protection spokesperson says it will take five to eight weeks to even start processing people from the caravan, because of a pre-existing asylum backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NM8xfjSVoE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mexican officials are moving some Central American migrants arriving in Tijuana as part of the caravan to a new government-run shelter, after rains flooded the sports facility where many had been staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new site, an abandoned concert hall in eastern Tijuana called Barretal, has a capacity for 7,500 people. It’s not yet half full.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Migrants say it’s better than the previous overcrowded municipal sports facility. It's spacious, with a parking lot where people can bring donated clothing and food, and closed areas that provide shelter from the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a downside: The facility is a 30-minute drive from the San Ysidro Port of Entry, where people who want to request asylum in the United States must \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">put their names on a waitlist\u003c/a>, and check in periodically to see if it’s their turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people have no idea how to get to the port from Barretal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manuel Antonio Lopez, a 54-year-old Honduran who says he received death threats at home, put his name on the asylum waitlist while staying at the old shelter, a short walk from the port. He was given a number on a scrap of notebook paper: 1,479.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I haven’t gone back since I got here, I don’t know the status of the list, if it’s my turn yet, I don’t know,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710169\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710169\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/IMG_1126_t600-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants arrange cots on a floor at El Barretal on Dec. 4, 2018. \u003ccite>(Jean Guerrero/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez says he has no money to pay for bus tickets to get to the port, the only way he knows of to get there. Shelter coordinators say they’ll eventually create a method for letting people know when it’s their turn to speak to U.S. officials, and transferring them there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, migrants are confused. A Honduran woman who spoke anonymously because she fears for her life says she fled her country with her two daughters after her husband, an electrician, was killed for refusing to pay money to gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she has been checking WhatsApp, an application on her phone, for news from a stranger who told her he’d put her name on the asylum waitlist for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708594/photo-essay-migrants-with-a-california-dream\">Photo Essay: Migrants With a California Dream\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708594/photo-essay-migrants-with-a-california-dream\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34141_chaparral-FINAL-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Someone wrote me down for asylum, but they didn’t give me a number yet,\" she says. \"They said they’d sent it to me through my phone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She teared up in indignation when talking about the lack of privacy at the shelter. Journalists are allowed to come in unsupervised. She says cameras are everywhere when she tries to shower with her daughters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There isn’t privacy. The cameras are always focusing on us, taking photos all the time. We aren’t actors,\" she says. \"Why are the cameras following us?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of migrants have refused to leave the old shelter near the port and set up camp outside on sidewalks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of others have signed up to go back home with the help of the International Organization for Migration and Mexico’s immigration agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many were disillusioned with how hard it is to enter the U.S. A U.S. Customs and Border Protection spokesperson says it will take five to eight weeks to even start processing people from the caravan, because of a pre-existing asylum backlog.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1NM8xfjSVoE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1NM8xfjSVoE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Photo Essay: Migrants With a California Dream",
"title": "Photo Essay: Migrants With a California Dream",
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"content": "\u003cp>California has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/central-american-immigrants-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long been a beacon\u003c/a> for immigrants from Central America. In the 1980s, hundreds of thousands found refuge here from the civil wars in El Salvador, Guatemala and elsewhere. Others gained Temporary Protected Status in the United States after earthquakes and hurricanes ravaged their countries. Now, many of the migrants in the large caravan that recently reached Tijuana are hoping to reunite with family members in Los Angeles or the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the first busloads arrived in Tijuana, some of the road-weary travelers found their way to the Pacific Ocean. Children and adults alike played in the surf. California was visible through the steel bars of the border fence — the sand and salt water identical on both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If God's willing, I'll get to California,\" Carlos Celaya, a 17-year-old from Honduras, said. \"It's beautiful there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708595\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708595 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrant children splashed on the beach at Playas de Tijuana, Mexico, right beside the border fence on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708599\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708599\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-1020x1530.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beylin Rios and Rolando Arce spend time at the beach at Playas De Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beylin Rios and her husband, Rolando Arce, from San Pedro Sula, Honduras, jumped in the ocean with their clothes on. One of the few things Rios carried on her journey was a necklace with an image of the Virgin of Guadalupe, to protect her. Rios said if she can get to California, she'll take any kind of job, including washing dishes in a restaurant. \"It's honest work,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708600\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play at the beach at Playas De Tijuana, Mexico on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708601\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708601 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Natalie Osorio arrives in Tijuana after making the journey from rural Honduras on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a Catholic service center for migrants, a number of men from the caravan received haircuts from beauty school students who volunteered their time. Several of the men said they wanted to appear respectable to people in Tijuana and to the officials at the San Diego border crossing, where they must make their case for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708602\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708602 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-1020x1530.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant man receives a free haircut from a student of the Santana 5 barber school in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708612\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708612 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant man gets his beard trimmed by a barber school volunteer in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants were mothers and fathers traveling with their children. The legacy of civil wars, weak economies and ineffective judicial institutions has fueled an \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/central-america-border-immigration/563744/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exploding gang problem\u003c/a> in El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala. Parents say they're desperate to get their children and teenagers away from the violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman had traveled 2,700 miles from El Salvador with her 15-year-old grandson. Having gotten him safely to the border, she was headed home to her other grandchildren, but she hoped the boy would make it to his mother near Richmond, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11708614\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Migrant families who arrived in Tijuana with the caravan wait in line to enter a city sports complex converted into a shelter, on Nov. 20, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrant families who arrived in Tijuana with the caravan wait in line to enter a city sports complex converted into a shelter, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708625\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708625 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three girls take a break by the jungle gym in the government shelter for migrants at a Tijuana sports complex on Nov. 15, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first step for the migrants is to see a Customs and Border Protection officer at the San Ysidro port of entry, and hopefully get an interview with an asylum officer. But before the caravan arrived there were already several thousand migrants waiting their turn in Tijuana and U.S. border officials usually screen fewer than 100 asylum seekers a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some migrants have organized a system. Each day new arrivals can add their names to a hand-written waiting list in a notebook, which is managed by several migrant and stored at night by Mexican immigration officials in their office. Migrants wait on a plaza until their number is called by the notebook keepers, then Mexican officials escort them to the U.S. port of entry. A man from Cameroon said he had been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">waiting\u003c/a> for six weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708615\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708615 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman in Tijuana, Mexico, holds a list of migrants who wish to seek asylum in the U.S., on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708617 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman adds newcomers to a list of people who are waiting at the U.S.-Mexico border to seek asylum in the U.S. on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708618\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708618 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman with a baby bottle waits to hear her position on a list of asylum seekers in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708619\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Henry Josue Rodriguez Palacio, 8, and his mother, Zenia Palacio, wait with other asylum seekers on a plaza in Tijuana on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henry Josue Rodriguez Palacio, 8, leaned against his mother, Zenia Palacio, as they waited to hear their position on the list. The mother and son had come from Honduras and hoped to be called to cross to the U.S. that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708620\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708620 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jorge Alberto Campos, left, sits with his son, George Alberto Campos, 4, waiting to hear their position on the list of asylum seekers, in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jorge Alberto Campos left El Salvador six months earlier with his son, George Alberto Campos, 4. He said he wanted to get back to Bakersfield, where he had grown up and his sister still lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708624\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708624 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1196\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1200x797.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three young men stand in line on a plaza in Tijuana to add their names to a waiting list for people seeking asylum on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "\"If God's willing, I'll get to California,\" said Carlos Celaya, a 17-year-old from Honduras. \"It's beautiful there.\"",
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"description": ""If God's willing, I'll get to California," said Carlos Celaya, a 17-year-old from Honduras. "It's beautiful there."",
"title": "Photo Essay: Migrants With a California Dream | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California has \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/central-american-immigrants-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long been a beacon\u003c/a> for immigrants from Central America. In the 1980s, hundreds of thousands found refuge here from the civil wars in El Salvador, Guatemala and elsewhere. Others gained Temporary Protected Status in the United States after earthquakes and hurricanes ravaged their countries. Now, many of the migrants in the large caravan that recently reached Tijuana are hoping to reunite with family members in Los Angeles or the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the first busloads arrived in Tijuana, some of the road-weary travelers found their way to the Pacific Ocean. Children and adults alike played in the surf. California was visible through the steel bars of the border fence — the sand and salt water identical on both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If God's willing, I'll get to California,\" Carlos Celaya, a 17-year-old from Honduras, said. \"It's beautiful there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708595\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708595 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34232__MG_8459-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrant children splashed on the beach at Playas de Tijuana, Mexico, right beside the border fence on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708599\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708599\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34216_beylin-1-qut-1020x1530.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beylin Rios and Rolando Arce spend time at the beach at Playas De Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beylin Rios and her husband, Rolando Arce, from San Pedro Sula, Honduras, jumped in the ocean with their clothes on. One of the few things Rios carried on her journey was a necklace with an image of the Virgin of Guadalupe, to protect her. Rios said if she can get to California, she'll take any kind of job, including washing dishes in a restaurant. \"It's honest work,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708600\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34224_playasa-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play at the beach at Playas De Tijuana, Mexico on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708601\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708601 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34221_natalia-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Natalie Osorio arrives in Tijuana after making the journey from rural Honduras on Nov. 14, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a Catholic service center for migrants, a number of men from the caravan received haircuts from beauty school students who volunteered their time. Several of the men said they wanted to appear respectable to people in Tijuana and to the officials at the San Diego border crossing, where they must make their case for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708602\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708602 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34184_Peluqueria_001-qut-1020x1530.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant man receives a free haircut from a student of the Santana 5 barber school in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708612\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708612 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34186_Peluqueria_003-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A migrant man gets his beard trimmed by a barber school volunteer in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants were mothers and fathers traveling with their children. The legacy of civil wars, weak economies and ineffective judicial institutions has fueled an \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/central-america-border-immigration/563744/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exploding gang problem\u003c/a> in El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala. Parents say they're desperate to get their children and teenagers away from the violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman had traveled 2,700 miles from El Salvador with her 15-year-old grandson. Having gotten him safely to the border, she was headed home to her other grandchildren, but she hoped the boy would make it to his mother near Richmond, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11708614\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Migrant families who arrived in Tijuana with the caravan wait in line to enter a city sports complex converted into a shelter, on Nov. 20, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrant families who arrived in Tijuana with the caravan wait in line to enter a city sports complex converted into a shelter, on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708625\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708625 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34165__MG_8880-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three girls take a break by the jungle gym in the government shelter for migrants at a Tijuana sports complex on Nov. 15, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first step for the migrants is to see a Customs and Border Protection officer at the San Ysidro port of entry, and hopefully get an interview with an asylum officer. But before the caravan arrived there were already several thousand migrants waiting their turn in Tijuana and U.S. border officials usually screen fewer than 100 asylum seekers a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some migrants have organized a system. Each day new arrivals can add their names to a hand-written waiting list in a notebook, which is managed by several migrant and stored at night by Mexican immigration officials in their office. Migrants wait on a plaza until their number is called by the notebook keepers, then Mexican officials escort them to the U.S. port of entry. A man from Cameroon said he had been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">waiting\u003c/a> for six weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708615\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708615 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34143_chaparral-FINAL-12-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman in Tijuana, Mexico, holds a list of migrants who wish to seek asylum in the U.S., on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708617 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34145_chaparral-FINAL-14-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman adds newcomers to a list of people who are waiting at the U.S.-Mexico border to seek asylum in the U.S. on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708618\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708618 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34142_chaparral-FINAL-11-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman with a baby bottle waits to hear her position on a list of asylum seekers in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708619\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34137_chaparral-FINAL-06-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Henry Josue Rodriguez Palacio, 8, and his mother, Zenia Palacio, wait with other asylum seekers on a plaza in Tijuana on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henry Josue Rodriguez Palacio, 8, leaned against his mother, Zenia Palacio, as they waited to hear their position on the list. The mother and son had come from Honduras and hoped to be called to cross to the U.S. that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708620\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708620 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34135_chaparral-FINAL-04-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jorge Alberto Campos, left, sits with his son, George Alberto Campos, 4, waiting to hear their position on the list of asylum seekers, in Tijuana, Mexico, on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jorge Alberto Campos left El Salvador six months earlier with his son, George Alberto Campos, 4. He said he wanted to get back to Bakersfield, where he had grown up and his sister still lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708624\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708624 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1196\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1200x797.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-960x638.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34133_chaparral-FINAL-02-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three young men stand in line on a plaza in Tijuana to add their names to a waiting list for people seeking asylum on Nov. 21, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Orders Reunification of Mother and Son From El Salvador",
"title": "Judge Orders Reunification of Mother and Son From El Salvador",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Updated November 30, 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q. and her 4-year-old son, J. were reunited in a detention facility in Dilley, Texas, according to documents filed in federal court late Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Washington, D.C., had ordered the Trump administration to reunite the Salvadoran mother and her son by midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two were separated at the border more than eight months ago, when they sought asylum in the U.S. They faced the threat of permanent separation after federal officials determined the mother was \"unfit\" to regain custody of her son, based on a warrant for her arrest in her home country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul Friedman issued the order late Tuesday, following oral arguments in a case challenging the government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the mother, referred to as Ms. Q in court papers, argued that the warrant for her arrest was based on mere allegations that she was involved in a gang, and that she had no criminal convictions in El Salvador or the U.S. and should not be denied reunification with her son based on the warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Friedman agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is arbitrary, capricious, and punitive for the government to refuse to reunite Ms. Q and her young son J. on the basis of the warrant,” Friedman said, according to a report by \u003ca href=\"https://www.law360.com\">Law360\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q was separated from her son J. in March, a few days after being arrested by U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers, according to court filings by attorneys with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantjustice.org\">National Immigrant Justice Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials detained the mother in Laredo, Texas, while her son was sent to an Office of Refugee Resettlement shelter for unaccompanied minors in Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26, in a class-action lawsuit in San Diego, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the government to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">reunite parents and children separated at the border\u003c/a> within 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ICE found Ms. Q unfit to regain custody of her son based on an arrest warrant from El Salvador, citing her possible affiliation with a gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">Federal Judge Approves Deal for Separated Migrant Families to Seek Asylum\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/GettyImages-1004311102-1180x817.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q. has denied the allegation, insisting that she fled her home country seeking protection from gang members who had beaten her severely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, attorneys for the American Civil Liberties Union asked Judge Sabraw to overturn the government's decision not to reunite Ms. Q. with her son. They also challenged the ongoing separation of a father from his son, based on a charge of domestic violence for which the man was never convicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sabraw deferred to the government's judgment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The record indicates Defendants have vetted these parents in good faith and made principled decisions in light of their criminal history and overarching concerns regarding safety of their children and the public,\" Sabraw wrote in a Sept. 19 order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington, D.C., court ruling could affect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 additional parents\u003c/a> whom the government deemed ineligible to be reunited with their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU, which represents families in the San Diego suit, is in the process of deciding which of the remaining cases to ask the government to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J. was 3 years old when he was taken from his mother. The development of the boy, now 4, has been delayed as a result of the trauma of separation, and a psychiatrist has diagnosed him with a language disorder, according to a Sept. 13 declaration filed by his attorney.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Eight months after border separation, 4-year-old must be returned to his mother by Friday, federal judge rules, casting doubt on government's determination that mom was 'unfit.'\r\n",
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"description": "Eight months after border separation, 4-year-old must be returned to his mother by Friday, federal judge rules, casting doubt on government's determination that mom was 'unfit.'\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Updated November 30, 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q. and her 4-year-old son, J. were reunited in a detention facility in Dilley, Texas, according to documents filed in federal court late Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Washington, D.C., had ordered the Trump administration to reunite the Salvadoran mother and her son by midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two were separated at the border more than eight months ago, when they sought asylum in the U.S. They faced the threat of permanent separation after federal officials determined the mother was \"unfit\" to regain custody of her son, based on a warrant for her arrest in her home country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Paul Friedman issued the order late Tuesday, following oral arguments in a case challenging the government's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the mother, referred to as Ms. Q in court papers, argued that the warrant for her arrest was based on mere allegations that she was involved in a gang, and that she had no criminal convictions in El Salvador or the U.S. and should not be denied reunification with her son based on the warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Friedman agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is arbitrary, capricious, and punitive for the government to refuse to reunite Ms. Q and her young son J. on the basis of the warrant,” Friedman said, according to a report by \u003ca href=\"https://www.law360.com\">Law360\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q was separated from her son J. in March, a few days after being arrested by U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers, according to court filings by attorneys with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantjustice.org\">National Immigrant Justice Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials detained the mother in Laredo, Texas, while her son was sent to an Office of Refugee Resettlement shelter for unaccompanied minors in Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26, in a class-action lawsuit in San Diego, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the government to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">reunite parents and children separated at the border\u003c/a> within 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ICE found Ms. Q unfit to regain custody of her son based on an arrest warrant from El Salvador, citing her possible affiliation with a gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">Federal Judge Approves Deal for Separated Migrant Families to Seek Asylum\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/GettyImages-1004311102-1180x817.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ms. Q. has denied the allegation, insisting that she fled her home country seeking protection from gang members who had beaten her severely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, attorneys for the American Civil Liberties Union asked Judge Sabraw to overturn the government's decision not to reunite Ms. Q. with her son. They also challenged the ongoing separation of a father from his son, based on a charge of domestic violence for which the man was never convicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sabraw deferred to the government's judgment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The record indicates Defendants have vetted these parents in good faith and made principled decisions in light of their criminal history and overarching concerns regarding safety of their children and the public,\" Sabraw wrote in a Sept. 19 order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington, D.C., court ruling could affect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701148/federal-judge-approves-deal-for-separated-migrant-families-to-seek-asylum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 additional parents\u003c/a> whom the government deemed ineligible to be reunited with their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU, which represents families in the San Diego suit, is in the process of deciding which of the remaining cases to ask the government to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J. was 3 years old when he was taken from his mother. The development of the boy, now 4, has been delayed as a result of the trauma of separation, and a psychiatrist has diagnosed him with a language disorder, according to a Sept. 13 declaration filed by his attorney.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "No One Arrested in Border Clash Is Prosecuted",
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"content": "\u003cp>No criminal charges will be filed against any of the 42 people associated with a caravan of Central American migrants who were arrested in a clash that ended with U.S. authorities firing tear gas into Mexico, The Associated Press has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision not to prosecute comes despite President Trump's vow that the U.S. will not tolerate lawlessness and extensive preparations for the caravan, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">included deployment of thousands of active-duty troops to the border\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodney Scott, chief of the Border Patrol's San Diego sector, has said those arrested for illegal entry included 27 men, with the rest being women and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">Bay Area Lawmakers Criticize Border Agents' Use of Tear Gas on Migrants\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/TearGas1920.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The incident occurred Sunday at the border in Tijuana, where thousands of caravan members have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">arriving in recent weeks\u003c/a> after fleeing poverty and violence in Central America. Most of them plan to seek asylum in the U.S. but may have to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">wait months\u003c/a> because the U.S. government processes only about 100 of those cases a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As frustrations began to mount over the long wait, migrants marched to the border Sunday to appeal for the U.S. to speed things up. It turned unruly when four agents were struck with rocks or projectiles, and authorities responded by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">launching tear gas and pepper spray balls\u003c/a> to quell the unrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the end, none of the 42 people had charges brought against them for illegally entering the country or any other counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection, the Border Patrol's parent agency, referred only two cases to the Justice Department for prosecution, and charges were not filed because the accused had medical problems that prevented them from being held in San Diego's detention center, according to a U.S. official familiar with the cases who was not authorized to discuss the matter publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many others were not referred to the Justice Department because they were children or parents accompanying children, the official said. In June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677312/customs-and-border-agency-halts-many-zero-tolerance-detentions-citing-workload\">Trump retreated\u003c/a> on the administration's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11684978/the-california-report-talks-zero-tolerance-with-the-chief-patrol-agent-in-san-diego\">zero-tolerance policy\u003c/a> on prosecuting illegal entries by generally exempting people who enter the county in families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11709075\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219920-e1543528135200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11709075 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219920-e1543528135200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants, mostly Hondurans, cover their faces next to the bordering Tijuana River near the El Chaparral border crossing in Tijuana, Mexico, after the U.S. Border Patrol threw tear gas to disperse them after an alleged verbal dispute on Nov. 25, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other adults were not prosecuted because Customs and Border Protection didn't have enough information to pursue charges, including the name of the arresting officers, according to the official, who said it was an extremely chaotic scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. authorities are working on a new system to better record evidence if similar circumstances arise in the future, the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fate of the 42 immigrants remains unclear. Customs and Border Protection declined to discuss why charges weren't filed, but said they still may be subject to deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Depending on their country of citizenship and their case's final disposition, the Border Patrol may turn those people over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement,\" said spokesman Ralph DeSio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauren Mack, a spokeswoman for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, said the agency could not provide information about the immigration status of the 42 arrested without names because it doesn't track people affiliated with the caravan.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No criminal charges will be filed against any of the 42 people associated with a caravan of Central American migrants who were arrested in a clash that ended with U.S. authorities firing tear gas into Mexico, The Associated Press has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision not to prosecute comes despite President Trump's vow that the U.S. will not tolerate lawlessness and extensive preparations for the caravan, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">included deployment of thousands of active-duty troops to the border\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodney Scott, chief of the Border Patrol's San Diego sector, has said those arrested for illegal entry included 27 men, with the rest being women and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">Bay Area Lawmakers Criticize Border Agents' Use of Tear Gas on Migrants\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/TearGas1920.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The incident occurred Sunday at the border in Tijuana, where thousands of caravan members have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">arriving in recent weeks\u003c/a> after fleeing poverty and violence in Central America. Most of them plan to seek asylum in the U.S. but may have to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">wait months\u003c/a> because the U.S. government processes only about 100 of those cases a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As frustrations began to mount over the long wait, migrants marched to the border Sunday to appeal for the U.S. to speed things up. It turned unruly when four agents were struck with rocks or projectiles, and authorities responded by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">launching tear gas and pepper spray balls\u003c/a> to quell the unrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the end, none of the 42 people had charges brought against them for illegally entering the country or any other counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection, the Border Patrol's parent agency, referred only two cases to the Justice Department for prosecution, and charges were not filed because the accused had medical problems that prevented them from being held in San Diego's detention center, according to a U.S. official familiar with the cases who was not authorized to discuss the matter publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many others were not referred to the Justice Department because they were children or parents accompanying children, the official said. In June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677312/customs-and-border-agency-halts-many-zero-tolerance-detentions-citing-workload\">Trump retreated\u003c/a> on the administration's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11684978/the-california-report-talks-zero-tolerance-with-the-chief-patrol-agent-in-san-diego\">zero-tolerance policy\u003c/a> on prosecuting illegal entries by generally exempting people who enter the county in families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11709075\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219920-e1543528135200.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11709075 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1065219920-e1543528135200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants, mostly Hondurans, cover their faces next to the bordering Tijuana River near the El Chaparral border crossing in Tijuana, Mexico, after the U.S. Border Patrol threw tear gas to disperse them after an alleged verbal dispute on Nov. 25, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other adults were not prosecuted because Customs and Border Protection didn't have enough information to pursue charges, including the name of the arresting officers, according to the official, who said it was an extremely chaotic scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. authorities are working on a new system to better record evidence if similar circumstances arise in the future, the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fate of the 42 immigrants remains unclear. Customs and Border Protection declined to discuss why charges weren't filed, but said they still may be subject to deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Depending on their country of citizenship and their case's final disposition, the Border Patrol may turn those people over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement,\" said spokesman Ralph DeSio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauren Mack, a spokeswoman for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, said the agency could not provide information about the immigration status of the 42 arrested without names because it doesn't track people affiliated with the caravan.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Veteran Tijuana Journalist: City’s Record Homicides Not Affecting Migrants, Yet",
"title": "Veteran Tijuana Journalist: City’s Record Homicides Not Affecting Migrants, Yet",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The newsroom Rosario Mosso helps to lead, in a placid Tijuana residential neighborhood, is internationally known for its relentless investigative stories exposing organized crime and corruption in a region plagued by drug trafficking and cartel wars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartel members have threatened to kill Mosso because of her work at the weekly newspaper Zeta. And three colleagues at Zeta have been shot dead since 1988. So for months at a time, Mosso has lived and worked under the protection of army and police bodyguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we do is keep working,” said Mosso, 50, who won the Courage in Journalism award from the International Women’s Media Foundation in Washington, D.C., this month. “We don’t let them scare us, and that’s the most important thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A central mission of the newspaper is to independently track murders in Tijuana, and analyze the changing criminal dynamics that lead to the killings. The paper also endeavors to publish the names of everyone killed, people whose bodies are often left at restaurants, on street corners and hanging from overpasses, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mosso is now sending reporters to cover a new concern for Tijuanans: the arrival of more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">6,000 Central American migrants\u003c/a>, most of whom are cramped in a makeshift shelter at a public sports complex, just a stone’s throw from the U.S. border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708838\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to enter a city sports facility that has been converted into a temporary shelter for a migrant caravan in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nMany of the migrants with the caravan say they are fleeing death threats and violence in Central America. But they have landed in Mexico’s most violent city. Tijuana had 1,618 homicide cases in 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/180411_DrugViolenceinMexico-12mb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to\u003c/a> official statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants seeking asylum in the U.S. must now wait in Tijuana—potentially for several months—as U.S. border authorities slowly process claims. U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials have recently been accepting roughly 20 to 100 asylum applications per day. Meanwhile, the Trump administration is reportedly trying to negotiate an agreement with incoming officials of Mexico’s President-elect Andrés Manuel López Obrador, to require Central American asylum applicants to remain in Mexico while their applications are adjudicated in U.S. immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And as the migrants find themselves in limbo in Tijuana, the city’s murder rate continues to rise. More homicides were recorded in the first nine months of 2018 than in all of 2017, said David Shirk, who directs the \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org\">Justice in Mexico Project \u003c/a>at the University of San Diego. He said that’s because violence has become decentralized, as large cartels give way to smaller drug dealers who are also fighting for turf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organized crime groups that had established control over the city have begun to experience clashes again, particularly since the capture of 'El Chapo' Guzman,” said Shirk, referring to Joaquin Guzman, the drug lord who was extradited to the U.S. in 2017 and is now on trial in federal court in Manhattan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the conflicts now seem to be going on at a much lower level, neighborhood to neighborhood, street corner to street corner,” said Shirk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosso, the Zeta editor, said she doesn’t believe Central American migrants are getting drawn into the drug trade in any significant way. But migrants are often victims of robberies, kidnappings, extortions and other crimes, especially those who travel on their own in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason so many Central Americans have decided to join the caravan is that it offers safety in numbers, said Mosso. Still, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">Tijuana is not prepared\u003c/a> to handle the basic and long-term needs of so many newcomers at once, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This problem is going to be here for a long time, and we have to figure out how to address it.' \u003ccite>Rosario Mosso, award-winning journalist and editor at Zeta\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Tijuana has a culture of support toward migrants,” said Mosso, a Tijuana native. “But migrants are still coming, and it’s a tense situation, a situation we are not prepared for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, Mosso has not seen organized crime groups significantly targeting caravan members. But that could change with time, she said, the longer migrants linger in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection officials have said that their capacity to handle asylum cases is restricted by factors such as limited detention space at the San Ysidro port of entry, and the translation and medical needs of migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Depending upon port circumstances at the time of arrival, individuals presenting without documents may need to wait in Mexico as CBP officers work to process those already within our facilities,” said a CBP spokesperson in a statement released earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708836\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosario Mosso stands next to awards earned by the newspaper she leads on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of last week, the waiting list to see a U.S. official at the pedestrian border crossing in Tijuana already had the names of more than 4,000 people, with new arrivals being told they would probably wait about two months in Tijuana. Wait times are expected to multiply as more caravan members arrive in the city, unless U.S. officials process people faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so we are making people wait,” said Shirk, the professor at USD. “Those people are therefore being exposed to greater danger for a longer period of time than is necessary. And it’s also creating resentments in Tijuana, as people who have no contacts, have no resources, are flooding the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosso said some Tijuanans fear migrants with the caravan could contribute to the insecurity in their city, with organized crime potentially recruiting caravan members to sell drugs. Mosso said her job at Zeta is to fact-check such fears and provide readers with information and context, so that tensions in the city don’t escalate even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This problem is going to be here for a long time, and we have to figure out how to address it,” said Mosso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The newsroom Rosario Mosso helps to lead, in a placid Tijuana residential neighborhood, is internationally known for its relentless investigative stories exposing organized crime and corruption in a region plagued by drug trafficking and cartel wars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartel members have threatened to kill Mosso because of her work at the weekly newspaper Zeta. And three colleagues at Zeta have been shot dead since 1988. So for months at a time, Mosso has lived and worked under the protection of army and police bodyguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we do is keep working,” said Mosso, 50, who won the Courage in Journalism award from the International Women’s Media Foundation in Washington, D.C., this month. “We don’t let them scare us, and that’s the most important thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A central mission of the newspaper is to independently track murders in Tijuana, and analyze the changing criminal dynamics that lead to the killings. The paper also endeavors to publish the names of everyone killed, people whose bodies are often left at restaurants, on street corners and hanging from overpasses, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mosso is now sending reporters to cover a new concern for Tijuanans: the arrival of more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708447/fact-check-whats-happening-on-the-u-s-mexico-border\">6,000 Central American migrants\u003c/a>, most of whom are cramped in a makeshift shelter at a public sports complex, just a stone’s throw from the U.S. border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708838\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34086_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to enter a city sports facility that has been converted into a temporary shelter for a migrant caravan in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nMany of the migrants with the caravan say they are fleeing death threats and violence in Central America. But they have landed in Mexico’s most violent city. Tijuana had 1,618 homicide cases in 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/180411_DrugViolenceinMexico-12mb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to\u003c/a> official statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants seeking asylum in the U.S. must now wait in Tijuana—potentially for several months—as U.S. border authorities slowly process claims. U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials have recently been accepting roughly 20 to 100 asylum applications per day. Meanwhile, the Trump administration is reportedly trying to negotiate an agreement with incoming officials of Mexico’s President-elect Andrés Manuel López Obrador, to require Central American asylum applicants to remain in Mexico while their applications are adjudicated in U.S. immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And as the migrants find themselves in limbo in Tijuana, the city’s murder rate continues to rise. More homicides were recorded in the first nine months of 2018 than in all of 2017, said David Shirk, who directs the \u003ca href=\"https://justiceinmexico.org\">Justice in Mexico Project \u003c/a>at the University of San Diego. He said that’s because violence has become decentralized, as large cartels give way to smaller drug dealers who are also fighting for turf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organized crime groups that had established control over the city have begun to experience clashes again, particularly since the capture of 'El Chapo' Guzman,” said Shirk, referring to Joaquin Guzman, the drug lord who was extradited to the U.S. in 2017 and is now on trial in federal court in Manhattan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the conflicts now seem to be going on at a much lower level, neighborhood to neighborhood, street corner to street corner,” said Shirk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosso, the Zeta editor, said she doesn’t believe Central American migrants are getting drawn into the drug trade in any significant way. But migrants are often victims of robberies, kidnappings, extortions and other crimes, especially those who travel on their own in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason so many Central Americans have decided to join the caravan is that it offers safety in numbers, said Mosso. Still, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">Tijuana is not prepared\u003c/a> to handle the basic and long-term needs of so many newcomers at once, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This problem is going to be here for a long time, and we have to figure out how to address it.' \u003ccite>Rosario Mosso, award-winning journalist and editor at Zeta\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Tijuana has a culture of support toward migrants,” said Mosso, a Tijuana native. “But migrants are still coming, and it’s a tense situation, a situation we are not prepared for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, Mosso has not seen organized crime groups significantly targeting caravan members. But that could change with time, she said, the longer migrants linger in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection officials have said that their capacity to handle asylum cases is restricted by factors such as limited detention space at the San Ysidro port of entry, and the translation and medical needs of migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Depending upon port circumstances at the time of arrival, individuals presenting without documents may need to wait in Mexico as CBP officers work to process those already within our facilities,” said a CBP spokesperson in a statement released earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708836\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34206_Zeta_06-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosario Mosso stands next to awards earned by the newspaper she leads on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of last week, the waiting list to see a U.S. official at the pedestrian border crossing in Tijuana already had the names of more than 4,000 people, with new arrivals being told they would probably wait about two months in Tijuana. Wait times are expected to multiply as more caravan members arrive in the city, unless U.S. officials process people faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so we are making people wait,” said Shirk, the professor at USD. “Those people are therefore being exposed to greater danger for a longer period of time than is necessary. And it’s also creating resentments in Tijuana, as people who have no contacts, have no resources, are flooding the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosso said some Tijuanans fear migrants with the caravan could contribute to the insecurity in their city, with organized crime potentially recruiting caravan members to sell drugs. Mosso said her job at Zeta is to fact-check such fears and provide readers with information and context, so that tensions in the city don’t escalate even more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This problem is going to be here for a long time, and we have to figure out how to address it,” said Mosso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "FACT CHECK: What's Happening on the U.S.-Mexico Border?",
"title": "FACT CHECK: What's Happening on the U.S.-Mexico Border?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Have a question about the migrant caravan for KQED? Ask it \u003ca href=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/2414/share\">here\u003c/a> -- and we may look into it. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation at the San Ysidro Land Port of Entry has been chaotic and confusing in recent days. And reactions from the American public suggest that photos and footage from the scene serve as a sort of Rorschach test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, for instance, U.S. agents closed a major border crossing and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">fired tear gas at migrants\u003c/a> attempting to cross into the U.S. from Tijuana, Mexico. The migrants, many of whom had been part of a caravan of Central American asylum-seekers, were protesting the slow pace with which the U.S. has been processing asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708219/tear-gassing-asylum-seekers\">Tear-Gassing Asylum-Seekers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708219/tear-gassing-asylum-seekers\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/running_112618_final-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For supporters of President Trump who advocate a crackdown on immigration, the events of Sunday showed migrants storming a protected border, confirming fears of an \"invasion\" of migrants defying U.S. laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Trump's critics and pro-immigration activists, the scene showed American patrol agents firing tear gas at an unarmed crowd, including children, reinforcing horror over the way the U.S. is treating immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what we know about what's happening on the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the U.S.-Mexico border currently closed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. The border has not been shut down. One port of entry was closed for a few hours on Sunday but has since reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The port of entry in question — San Ysidro — is a big one. It's the busiest land border crossing in the Western Hemisphere. An average of 90,000 people pass north through the crossing each day, 70,000 in cars and 20,000 by foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708501\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708501 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to enter a city sports facility that has been converted into a temporary shelter for people from a migrant caravan of mostly Hondurans who are arriving in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could President Trump seal the border if he wished? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes. It is difficult to completely secure a border more than 1,900 miles long, but ports of entry could be shut down, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/18/trump-threatens-seal-southern-border-over-migrant-caravan-can-he/1684534002/\">as USA Today explains. \u003c/a>There is some precedent for such an action, although it's extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1428513/what-happens-if-trump-closes-the-us-mexico-border/\">Quartz notes\u003c/a>, that would only delay — not eliminate — the United States' legal responsibility to hear asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people are waiting in Mexico, hoping to cross into the U.S.? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More than 5,000 migrants from Central America have reached the border town of Tijuana, as part of the caravan that traveled some 3,000 miles. Most are from Honduras, where gang violence is widespread and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/02/12/146758628/who-rules-in-honduras-a-coups-lasting-impact\">a 2009 coup\u003c/a> triggered an ongoing political crisis. The U.S. has long played a key role in Honduran politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, more than 7,000 migrants with the caravan have reached the state of Baja California, where Tijuana is located, according to the Mexican government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there were other migrants waiting in Tijuana even before the caravan members began to arrive, reporter James Fredrick notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several hundred migrants were involved in the confrontation on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why were the migrants protesting over the weekend?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants say they want to seek asylum in the U.S., which is not illegal — in fact, the right to seek asylum is protected by both U.S. and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, authorities at legal border crossings have been limiting the number of people who can request asylum. Only 40 to 100 people are allowed each day, Fredrick says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People in the caravan who want to request asylum, they're looking at months to even be heard first by U.S. authorities, and then for that claim to be processed can take months or even years,\" Fredrick tells NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705361/trumps-move-to-limit-asylum-is-challenged-in-court\">Trump's Move to Limit Asylum is Challenged in Court\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705361/trumps-move-to-limit-asylum-is-challenged-in-court\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS32045_IMG_1721-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Migrants were protesting that delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for CBP told NPR's Joel Rose that San Ysidro is limited by its facilities, which can hold up to 300 people, and that the port of entry can process about 100 people per day under ideal conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government is aware that asylum-seekers face a backlog. A report from the Department of Homeland Security's Office of Inspector General \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-84-Sep18.pdf\">published in September\u003c/a> described the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government has encouraged all asylum-seekers to go to ports of entry, rather than along the rest of the border. At the same time, authorities are limiting the volume of asylum-seekers allowed at ports of entry. The \"competing directives\" have created a backlog, OIG found, likely causing more migrants to enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/09/666038481/trump-administration-aims-to-deny-asylum-to-migrants-who-enter-u-s-illegally\">announced new measures\u003c/a> aimed at denying asylum to migrants who enter the country illegally. A federal court later \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/20/669471110/federal-court-blocks-trump-administrations-asylum-ban\">blocked\u003c/a> that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened on Sunday? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a peaceful protest at first, says Fredrick, who witnessed the events in Tijuana. Mexican federal police attempted to contain the crowd, but some migrants were able to pass the Mexican police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They went down into this kind of riverbank, where there is not that giant steel fence that divides the U.S. and Mexico,\" he says. \"It's a chain-link fence and barbed wire. A group of them started pushing up against that fence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, U.S. agents began firing tear gas into the crowd for the first time. Tear gas was used again several times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">Bay Area Lawmakers Criticize Border Agents' Use of Tear Gas on Migrants\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/TearGas1920.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It was a windy day, and the tear gas drifted at least half a mile, Fredrick \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/25/670695100/u-s-closes-major-san-diego-port-of-entry-as-migrants-converge-at-border\">reported Sunday\u003c/a>. Families with children, including some far from the altercation at the fence, felt its effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninety-eight migrants were arrested by Mexican authorities south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodney Scott, chief patrol agent of the San Diego Sector Border Patrol, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NewDay/status/1067046163881189382\">told CNN on Monday\u003c/a> that about 42 people were arrested on the U.S. side of the border, including eight women and \"a few children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the migrants threw rocks, and Border Patrol agents \"deployed tear gas to protect themselves and to protect the border,\" Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said several agents were struck by rocks but were not injured because they were wearing tactical gear, including helmets and bulletproof vests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708519 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1310\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-800x546.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-1200x819.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Border Patrol agents stand watch on the U.S. side of the U.S.-Mexico border fence at dusk on Nov. 26, 2018, in Tijuana, Mexico. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the role of the military along the border? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has sent nearly 6,000 U.S. troops, including military engineers and military police, to the U.S.-Mexico border to support Customs and Border Protection. The military police are not supposed to carry out law enforcement duties, but they can protect CBP officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While local police and CBP agents have firepower, military leaders and spokesmen have repeatedly said that the military police at the border are unarmed. Secretary of Defense James Mattis said Wednesday that military police would carry shields and batons, not firearms.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">U.S. Hardens Border at Tijuana to Prepare for Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1061160044-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Armed Border Patrol tactical units are deployed at the border to protect Border Patrol agents. Backing up these tactical units are unarmed military police with protective shields and batons. The military police are not supposed to engage migrants but are there in a support role to back up the Border Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of 1,800 troops are in California as of Monday, an increase compared with recent weeks. Some of the military police — it's not clear how many — participated in the border action over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Northern Command said the military provided nonlethal assistance, did not have contact with migrants and were not involved in deploying tear gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not yet clear what their role was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the military have authorization to use lethal force?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has said that he's \"given the OK\" for U.S. forces to \"use lethal force\" against the migrant caravan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to a White House memo from last week, which was acquired by multiple media outlets, the decision to use lethal force is limited to protecting federal agents — and at the discretion of the secretary of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Mattis, in a briefing last week, said that the Department of Homeland Security has issued no call for lethal force. On Monday, CBP \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/spotlights/moving-people-and-materials-cbp-and-dod-unite-tackle-logistics-operation-secure\">described\u003c/a> the military's role as helping put up barriers along the border — with no mention of force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo expanding the military's powers was signed by White House Chief of Staff John Kelly, which is unusual. It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2018/11/22/kelly-nielsen-debate-border-troops-1012547\">reportedly\u003c/a> opposed by both Mattis and Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. troops have always had the right to act in their own self-defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708492\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708492\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the Mexican border city of Tijuana, thousands of Central American migrants traveling together in an exodus known as the \"Caravan\" continued arriving in the city Nov. 15, 2018. Here, migrants rest in the temporary shelter operated by the Mexican government at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are the number of border crossings increasing or at a historic high? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/02/663532238/fact-check-migrants-are-not-overwhelming-the-southwest-border\">Joel Rose reported this month,\u003c/a> the total number of migrants apprehended at the border last year is actually down slightly, to about 521,000, and remains far below the numbers that were routine in the 1990s and 2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference, according to the Trump administration, is the kind of migrants turning up at the border. In the past, migrants were largely single adults who could be deported quickly. Today's migrants are more likely from Central America and part of family units. That means they have greater protections under U.S. law, and it may take months or years to deport them. In the meantime, hundreds of thousands have been released into this country, awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has the U.S. made a deal with Mexico that would keep asylum-seekers south of the border as their claims are processed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the initial reports of a deal between the U.S. and Mexico to keep asylum-seekers in Mexico were premature, but not inaccurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> first \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/deal-with-mexico-paves-way-for-asylum-overhaul-at-us-border/2018/11/24/87b9570a-ef74-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.013e07e46a26\">reported\u003c/a> on Saturday that a tentative deal with Mexico had been reached, adding that \"no formal agreement has been signed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> offered these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"According to outlines of the plan, known as Remain in Mexico, asylum applicants at the border will have to stay in Mexico while their cases are processed, potentially ending the system, which Trump decries as 'catch and release,'\" that has generally allowed those seeking refuge to wait on safer U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For now, we have agreed to this policy of Remain in Mexico,\" said Olga Sánchez Cordero, Mexico's incoming interior minister, the top domestic policy official for López Obrador, who takes office Dec. 1. In an interview with The Washington Post, she called it a 'short-term solution.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The medium- and long-term solution is that people don't migrate,\" Sánchez Cordero said. 'Mexico has open arms and everything, but imagine one caravan after another after another. That would also be a problem for us.'\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Within hours, the incoming Mexican government appeared to pull back from the deal. In a \u003ca href=\"https://lopezobrador.org.mx/2018/11/24/respuesta-de-olga-sanchez-cordero-a-the-washington-post/\">statement\u003c/a>, Sánchez Cordero declared that \"there is no agreement of any kind\" between the U.S. and Mexican governments, \"since the next president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, will take office on December 1.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the statement doesn't really deny that there have been some negotiations between the two countries on how to handle the migrant caravan. It also implies that López Obrador's incoming government cannot yet announce any deal, if there is one, because he has not taken authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">Tijuana Struggles to Shelter Migrants, Combat Hostility of Some Local Residents\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Peluqueria_005-e1542403507849.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The statement does say that Mexico won't become a \"safe third country\" for the asylum-seekers. That refers to a specific arrangement sought by American officials under which the Central American migrants would be required to seek asylum in Mexico rather than in the U.S. As \u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/us-and-mexico-discussing-a-deal-that-could-slash-migration-at-the-border/2018/07/10/34e68f72-7ef2-11e8-a63f-7b5d2aba7ac5_story.html?utm_term=.97ef1ac4a905\">reported\u003c/a> in July, the Mexican government never warmed up to that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \"Remain in Mexico\" policy, \u003cem>The Post \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-plan-would-force-asylum-seekers-to-wait-in-mexico-as-cases-are-processed-a-major-break-with-current-policy/2018/11/21/5ad47e82-ede8-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.93fbff154c3a\">reports\u003c/a> asylum-seekers would be screened in interviews allowing them to claim a \"credible fear\" of persecution in their homeland if they return there. They also would have to establish a \"reasonable fear\" of persecution in Mexico if they remain there. Only those determined to have a \"reasonable fear\" of staying in Mexico would be allowed into the U.S. to await an asylum hearing. All others would have to wait in Mexico to apply for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates say they are monitoring the reports of negotiations between the two governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are going to wait to see precisely what the president proposes,\" said Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) in an interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But one thing we know right off the bat is that it cannot be legal unless they can assure all the asylum-seekers who will be stranded in Mexico ... will be safe — not only from persecution by state actors in Mexico, but by criminal gangs. And from what we know about what's going on, we see no likelihood that that is going to be true. And so because that's part of the legal analysis, whether the asylum-seekers will be safe in Mexico, we can't imagine any proposal will be legal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+What%27s+Happening+On+The+U.S.-Mexico+Border%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "On Sunday, U.S. agents fired tear gas at migrants trying to cross into San Diego from Tijuana, Mexico. The migrants were protesting the slow pace with which the U.S. has been processing asylum claims.",
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"description": "On Sunday, U.S. agents fired tear gas at migrants trying to cross into San Diego from Tijuana, Mexico. The migrants were protesting the slow pace with which the U.S. has been processing asylum claims.",
"title": "FACT CHECK: What's Happening on the U.S.-Mexico Border? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Have a question about the migrant caravan for KQED? Ask it \u003ca href=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/2414/share\">here\u003c/a> -- and we may look into it. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation at the San Ysidro Land Port of Entry has been chaotic and confusing in recent days. And reactions from the American public suggest that photos and footage from the scene serve as a sort of Rorschach test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, for instance, U.S. agents closed a major border crossing and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">fired tear gas at migrants\u003c/a> attempting to cross into the U.S. from Tijuana, Mexico. The migrants, many of whom had been part of a caravan of Central American asylum-seekers, were protesting the slow pace with which the U.S. has been processing asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708219/tear-gassing-asylum-seekers\">Tear-Gassing Asylum-Seekers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708219/tear-gassing-asylum-seekers\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/running_112618_final-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For supporters of President Trump who advocate a crackdown on immigration, the events of Sunday showed migrants storming a protected border, confirming fears of an \"invasion\" of migrants defying U.S. laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Trump's critics and pro-immigration activists, the scene showed American patrol agents firing tear gas at an unarmed crowd, including children, reinforcing horror over the way the U.S. is treating immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's what we know about what's happening on the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the U.S.-Mexico border currently closed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. The border has not been shut down. One port of entry was closed for a few hours on Sunday but has since reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The port of entry in question — San Ysidro — is a big one. It's the busiest land border crossing in the Western Hemisphere. An average of 90,000 people pass north through the crossing each day, 70,000 in cars and 20,000 by foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708501\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708501 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34148_migrant-caravan-shelter-FINAL-03-qut-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to enter a city sports facility that has been converted into a temporary shelter for people from a migrant caravan of mostly Hondurans who are arriving in Tijuana on Nov. 20, 2018. \u003ccite>(David Maung/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could President Trump seal the border if he wished? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes. It is difficult to completely secure a border more than 1,900 miles long, but ports of entry could be shut down, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/18/trump-threatens-seal-southern-border-over-migrant-caravan-can-he/1684534002/\">as USA Today explains. \u003c/a>There is some precedent for such an action, although it's extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/1428513/what-happens-if-trump-closes-the-us-mexico-border/\">Quartz notes\u003c/a>, that would only delay — not eliminate — the United States' legal responsibility to hear asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people are waiting in Mexico, hoping to cross into the U.S.? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Caravan Members Face Long Waits in Tijuana, Alongside Other Migrants Seeking U.S. Refuge\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34068_chaparral-FINAL-01-qut-1180x785.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More than 5,000 migrants from Central America have reached the border town of Tijuana, as part of the caravan that traveled some 3,000 miles. Most are from Honduras, where gang violence is widespread and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/02/12/146758628/who-rules-in-honduras-a-coups-lasting-impact\">a 2009 coup\u003c/a> triggered an ongoing political crisis. The U.S. has long played a key role in Honduran politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, more than 7,000 migrants with the caravan have reached the state of Baja California, where Tijuana is located, according to the Mexican government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there were other migrants waiting in Tijuana even before the caravan members began to arrive, reporter James Fredrick notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several hundred migrants were involved in the confrontation on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why were the migrants protesting over the weekend?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the migrants say they want to seek asylum in the U.S., which is not illegal — in fact, the right to seek asylum is protected by both U.S. and international law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, authorities at legal border crossings have been limiting the number of people who can request asylum. Only 40 to 100 people are allowed each day, Fredrick says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People in the caravan who want to request asylum, they're looking at months to even be heard first by U.S. authorities, and then for that claim to be processed can take months or even years,\" Fredrick tells NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705361/trumps-move-to-limit-asylum-is-challenged-in-court\">Trump's Move to Limit Asylum is Challenged in Court\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705361/trumps-move-to-limit-asylum-is-challenged-in-court\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS32045_IMG_1721-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Migrants were protesting that delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for CBP told NPR's Joel Rose that San Ysidro is limited by its facilities, which can hold up to 300 people, and that the port of entry can process about 100 people per day under ideal conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government is aware that asylum-seekers face a backlog. A report from the Department of Homeland Security's Office of Inspector General \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-84-Sep18.pdf\">published in September\u003c/a> described the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government has encouraged all asylum-seekers to go to ports of entry, rather than along the rest of the border. At the same time, authorities are limiting the volume of asylum-seekers allowed at ports of entry. The \"competing directives\" have created a backlog, OIG found, likely causing more migrants to enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/09/666038481/trump-administration-aims-to-deny-asylum-to-migrants-who-enter-u-s-illegally\">announced new measures\u003c/a> aimed at denying asylum to migrants who enter the country illegally. A federal court later \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/20/669471110/federal-court-blocks-trump-administrations-asylum-ban\">blocked\u003c/a> that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened on Sunday? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a peaceful protest at first, says Fredrick, who witnessed the events in Tijuana. Mexican federal police attempted to contain the crowd, but some migrants were able to pass the Mexican police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They went down into this kind of riverbank, where there is not that giant steel fence that divides the U.S. and Mexico,\" he says. \"It's a chain-link fence and barbed wire. A group of them started pushing up against that fence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that point, U.S. agents began firing tear gas into the crowd for the first time. Tear gas was used again several times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">Bay Area Lawmakers Criticize Border Agents' Use of Tear Gas on Migrants\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708306/bay-area-lawmakers-criticize-border-patrols-use-of-tear-gas-on-migrants\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/TearGas1920.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It was a windy day, and the tear gas drifted at least half a mile, Fredrick \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/25/670695100/u-s-closes-major-san-diego-port-of-entry-as-migrants-converge-at-border\">reported Sunday\u003c/a>. Families with children, including some far from the altercation at the fence, felt its effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninety-eight migrants were arrested by Mexican authorities south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodney Scott, chief patrol agent of the San Diego Sector Border Patrol, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NewDay/status/1067046163881189382\">told CNN on Monday\u003c/a> that about 42 people were arrested on the U.S. side of the border, including eight women and \"a few children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the migrants threw rocks, and Border Patrol agents \"deployed tear gas to protect themselves and to protect the border,\" Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said several agents were struck by rocks but were not injured because they were wearing tactical gear, including helmets and bulletproof vests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708519\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11708519 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1310\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-800x546.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1072797630-e1543359019799-1200x819.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Border Patrol agents stand watch on the U.S. side of the U.S.-Mexico border fence at dusk on Nov. 26, 2018, in Tijuana, Mexico. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the role of the military along the border? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has sent nearly 6,000 U.S. troops, including military engineers and military police, to the U.S.-Mexico border to support Customs and Border Protection. The military police are not supposed to carry out law enforcement duties, but they can protect CBP officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While local police and CBP agents have firepower, military leaders and spokesmen have repeatedly said that the military police at the border are unarmed. Secretary of Defense James Mattis said Wednesday that military police would carry shields and batons, not firearms.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">U.S. Hardens Border at Tijuana to Prepare for Migrant Caravan\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705958/u-s-hardens-border-at-tijuana-to-prepare-for-migrant-caravan\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1061160044-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Armed Border Patrol tactical units are deployed at the border to protect Border Patrol agents. Backing up these tactical units are unarmed military police with protective shields and batons. The military police are not supposed to engage migrants but are there in a support role to back up the Border Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of 1,800 troops are in California as of Monday, an increase compared with recent weeks. Some of the military police — it's not clear how many — participated in the border action over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Northern Command said the military provided nonlethal assistance, did not have contact with migrants and were not involved in deploying tear gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not yet clear what their role was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the military have authorization to use lethal force?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has said that he's \"given the OK\" for U.S. forces to \"use lethal force\" against the migrant caravan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to a White House memo from last week, which was acquired by multiple media outlets, the decision to use lethal force is limited to protecting federal agents — and at the discretion of the secretary of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Mattis, in a briefing last week, said that the Department of Homeland Security has issued no call for lethal force. On Monday, CBP \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/spotlights/moving-people-and-materials-cbp-and-dod-unite-tackle-logistics-operation-secure\">described\u003c/a> the military's role as helping put up barriers along the border — with no mention of force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo expanding the military's powers was signed by White House Chief of Staff John Kelly, which is unusual. It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2018/11/22/kelly-nielsen-debate-border-troops-1012547\">reportedly\u003c/a> opposed by both Mattis and Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. troops have always had the right to act in their own self-defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11708492\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11708492\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34171_Caravana_11152018_006-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the Mexican border city of Tijuana, thousands of Central American migrants traveling together in an exodus known as the \"Caravan\" continued arriving in the city Nov. 15, 2018. Here, migrants rest in the temporary shelter operated by the Mexican government at the Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez sports center. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are the number of border crossings increasing or at a historic high? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/02/663532238/fact-check-migrants-are-not-overwhelming-the-southwest-border\">Joel Rose reported this month,\u003c/a> the total number of migrants apprehended at the border last year is actually down slightly, to about 521,000, and remains far below the numbers that were routine in the 1990s and 2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference, according to the Trump administration, is the kind of migrants turning up at the border. In the past, migrants were largely single adults who could be deported quickly. Today's migrants are more likely from Central America and part of family units. That means they have greater protections under U.S. law, and it may take months or years to deport them. In the meantime, hundreds of thousands have been released into this country, awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has the U.S. made a deal with Mexico that would keep asylum-seekers south of the border as their claims are processed? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the initial reports of a deal between the U.S. and Mexico to keep asylum-seekers in Mexico were premature, but not inaccurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> first \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/deal-with-mexico-paves-way-for-asylum-overhaul-at-us-border/2018/11/24/87b9570a-ef74-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.013e07e46a26\">reported\u003c/a> on Saturday that a tentative deal with Mexico had been reached, adding that \"no formal agreement has been signed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> offered these details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"According to outlines of the plan, known as Remain in Mexico, asylum applicants at the border will have to stay in Mexico while their cases are processed, potentially ending the system, which Trump decries as 'catch and release,'\" that has generally allowed those seeking refuge to wait on safer U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For now, we have agreed to this policy of Remain in Mexico,\" said Olga Sánchez Cordero, Mexico's incoming interior minister, the top domestic policy official for López Obrador, who takes office Dec. 1. In an interview with The Washington Post, she called it a 'short-term solution.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The medium- and long-term solution is that people don't migrate,\" Sánchez Cordero said. 'Mexico has open arms and everything, but imagine one caravan after another after another. That would also be a problem for us.'\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Within hours, the incoming Mexican government appeared to pull back from the deal. In a \u003ca href=\"https://lopezobrador.org.mx/2018/11/24/respuesta-de-olga-sanchez-cordero-a-the-washington-post/\">statement\u003c/a>, Sánchez Cordero declared that \"there is no agreement of any kind\" between the U.S. and Mexican governments, \"since the next president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, will take office on December 1.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the statement doesn't really deny that there have been some negotiations between the two countries on how to handle the migrant caravan. It also implies that López Obrador's incoming government cannot yet announce any deal, if there is one, because he has not taken authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">Tijuana Struggles to Shelter Migrants, Combat Hostility of Some Local Residents\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11706843/tijuana-struggles-to-shelter-migrants-combat-hostility-of-some-local-residents\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Peluqueria_005-e1542403507849.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The statement does say that Mexico won't become a \"safe third country\" for the asylum-seekers. That refers to a specific arrangement sought by American officials under which the Central American migrants would be required to seek asylum in Mexico rather than in the U.S. As \u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/us-and-mexico-discussing-a-deal-that-could-slash-migration-at-the-border/2018/07/10/34e68f72-7ef2-11e8-a63f-7b5d2aba7ac5_story.html?utm_term=.97ef1ac4a905\">reported\u003c/a> in July, the Mexican government never warmed up to that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \"Remain in Mexico\" policy, \u003cem>The Post \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-plan-would-force-asylum-seekers-to-wait-in-mexico-as-cases-are-processed-a-major-break-with-current-policy/2018/11/21/5ad47e82-ede8-11e8-9236-bb94154151d2_story.html?utm_term=.93fbff154c3a\">reports\u003c/a> asylum-seekers would be screened in interviews allowing them to claim a \"credible fear\" of persecution in their homeland if they return there. They also would have to establish a \"reasonable fear\" of persecution in Mexico if they remain there. Only those determined to have a \"reasonable fear\" of staying in Mexico would be allowed into the U.S. to await an asylum hearing. All others would have to wait in Mexico to apply for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates say they are monitoring the reports of negotiations between the two governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are going to wait to see precisely what the president proposes,\" said Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) in an interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But one thing we know right off the bat is that it cannot be legal unless they can assure all the asylum-seekers who will be stranded in Mexico ... will be safe — not only from persecution by state actors in Mexico, but by criminal gangs. And from what we know about what's going on, we see no likelihood that that is going to be true. And so because that's part of the legal analysis, whether the asylum-seekers will be safe in Mexico, we can't imagine any proposal will be legal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+What%27s+Happening+On+The+U.S.-Mexico+Border%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area members of Congress responded on Monday to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">use of tear gas on migrants\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents reportedly used tear gas at the San Ysidro Land Port of Entry, which was shut down for some time Sunday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Tensions flared\u003c/a> after scores of migrants broke off from a protest march in Tijuana and tried to get over the border and into the United States. The migrants who continued to the border were met by U.S. border agents who sprayed tear gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peninsula congresswoman Jackie Speier called for an investigation into whether Sunday’s use of tear gas constitutes undue force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seeing moms with children in diapers being repelled by it doesn’t seem appropriate,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, East Bay Rep. Eric Swalwell said the incident raises serious questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tear gas is a form of chemical weapon and I’m interested in learning more about whether any treaties were violated,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell added that Democrats will take a look at the situation at the border after they take control of the U.S. House of Representatives in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a new Congress, we will make sure that we do all we can to use our leverage to make sure that families at the border are not separated, that we are not funding the use of tear gas or any other type of weapon and that we are conducting oversight to make sure that we are not violating any international laws by using our military either to engage with another country at the border or to have our military perform law enforcement duties without being properly being designated to do so,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tweet, East Bay congresswoman Barbara Lee repeated her call for United Nations inspectors on the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RepBarbaraLee/status/1067154930866229264\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, thousands of migrants from Central America have arrived in Tijuana, many hoping to seek asylum in the U.S. But that process is extremely slow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED reported on Nov. 21 that there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">already more than 4,000 names on a list of people waiting to be processed for asylum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican officials are calling for the U.S. to improve the process. But the Trump administration has focused on \"hardening\" the border and preventing illegal entries.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area members of Congress responded on Monday to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11708082/u-s-agents-spray-tear-gas-at-migrants-briefly-close-tijuana-border-entry\">use of tear gas on migrants\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents reportedly used tear gas at the San Ysidro Land Port of Entry, which was shut down for some time Sunday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">Tensions flared\u003c/a> after scores of migrants broke off from a protest march in Tijuana and tried to get over the border and into the United States. The migrants who continued to the border were met by U.S. border agents who sprayed tear gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peninsula congresswoman Jackie Speier called for an investigation into whether Sunday’s use of tear gas constitutes undue force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seeing moms with children in diapers being repelled by it doesn’t seem appropriate,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, East Bay Rep. Eric Swalwell said the incident raises serious questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tear gas is a form of chemical weapon and I’m interested in learning more about whether any treaties were violated,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell added that Democrats will take a look at the situation at the border after they take control of the U.S. House of Representatives in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a new Congress, we will make sure that we do all we can to use our leverage to make sure that families at the border are not separated, that we are not funding the use of tear gas or any other type of weapon and that we are conducting oversight to make sure that we are not violating any international laws by using our military either to engage with another country at the border or to have our military perform law enforcement duties without being properly being designated to do so,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tweet, East Bay congresswoman Barbara Lee repeated her call for United Nations inspectors on the border.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In recent months, thousands of migrants from Central America have arrived in Tijuana, many hoping to seek asylum in the U.S. But that process is extremely slow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED reported on Nov. 21 that there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707927/long-waits-in-tijuana-for-migrants-seeking-u-s-refuge\">already more than 4,000 names on a list of people waiting to be processed for asylum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican officials are calling for the U.S. to improve the process. But the Trump administration has focused on \"hardening\" the border and preventing illegal entries.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "U.S. Hardens Border at Tijuana to Prepare for Migrant Caravan",
"title": "U.S. Hardens Border at Tijuana to Prepare for Migrant Caravan",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. government said it was starting work on Tuesday to \"harden\" the border crossing from Tijuana, Mexico, to prepare for the arrival of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/migrant-caravan/\">migrant caravan\u003c/a> leapfrogging its way across western Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection announced it was closing four lanes at the busy San Ysidro and Otay Mesa ports of entry in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said the closures were needed \"to install and pre-position port hardening infrastructure equipment in preparation for the migrant caravan and the potential safety and security risk that it could cause.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caravans became a campaign issue in U.S. midterm elections and President Trump has ordered the deployment of over 5,000 military troops to the border to help fend off the migrants. Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703507/fact-check-migrants-are-not-overwhelming-the-southwest-border\">insinuated without proof\u003c/a> that there are criminals or even terrorists in the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705971\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060687462.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11705971 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060687462-e1542138150634.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1236\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman taking part in a caravan of migrants from poor Central American countries moving toward the United States in hopes of a better life carries a baby as she waits along the Irapuato-Guadalajara highway in the Mexican state of Guanajuato for a ride to Guadalajara on their trek north, on Nov. 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo EstrellaAFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To the thousands of Central American migrants making their way toward Mexico's Pacific Coast state of Nayarit, the prospect of meeting a hostile reception at the border is nothing new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a month on the road, through three countries, migrants like Maribel, 22, from La Ceiba, Honduras, are used to tough conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maribel, who did not want her last name used for fear of reprisals in Honduras, pushed a baby carriage with her 1-year-old daughter while her husband pushed another with their 3-year-old son along a highway leading from Guadalajara to the Nayarit capital of Tepic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are well aware of everything Trump has been saying,\" Maribel said. \"Let them close whatever they want to close, but we are going to get through anyway.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thousands of Central American migrants left shelters in Guadalajara early Tuesday and were taken by bus to a highway toll booth to wait for rides to their next destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They thought other buses would be waiting for them to take them through hurricane-ravaged Nayarit to the neighboring state of Sinaloa, further north. But no other buses showed up and few trucks passed to pick them up, leaving many to walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most appeared intent on taking the Pacific Coast route northward to the border city of Tijuana, which was still about 1,350 miles away. The migrants have come about 1,500 miles since they started out in Honduras around Oct. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they previously suffered from the heat on their journey through Honduras, Guatemala and southern Mexico, they now trek along highways wrapped in blankets to fend off the morning chill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11705970\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants get on board a truck heading to Irapuato in the state of Guanajuato on Nov. 11, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo Estrella/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the caravan previously averaged only about 30 miles a day, the migrants are now covering daily distances of 185 miles or more, partly because they are relying on hitchhiking rather than walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants have hopped aboard different kinds of trucks, regardless of comfort or safety. Some have stacked themselves four levels high on a truck intended for pigs. On Monday, a few boarded a truck carrying a shipment of coffins, while others squeezed into a truck with narrow cages used for transporting chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, especially men, travel on open platform trailers used to transport steel and cars or get in the freight containers of 18-wheelers and ride with one of the back doors open to provide air flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a Honduran man in the caravan died when he fell from a platform truck in the Mexican state of Chiapas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705977\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11705977 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants, taking part in a caravan heading to the U.S., rest at a temporary shelter in Irapuato, Guanajuato state, Mexico on Nov. 11, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo Estrella/AFP/Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A smaller, second caravan began arriving in Mexico City on Monday. By Tuesday, over 1,000 migrants had set up camp at the same Mexico City sports complex the larger caravan left Saturday. A third caravan was heading toward the capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many say they are fleeing rampant poverty, gang violence and political instability primarily in Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has offered refuge, asylum or work visas, and its government said Monday that 2,697 temporary visas had been issued to individuals and families to cover them during the 45-day application process for more permanent status. Some 533 migrants had requested a voluntary return to their countries, the government reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. government said it was starting work on Tuesday to \"harden\" the border crossing from Tijuana, Mexico, to prepare for the arrival of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/migrant-caravan/\">migrant caravan\u003c/a> leapfrogging its way across western Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection announced it was closing four lanes at the busy San Ysidro and Otay Mesa ports of entry in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said the closures were needed \"to install and pre-position port hardening infrastructure equipment in preparation for the migrant caravan and the potential safety and security risk that it could cause.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caravans became a campaign issue in U.S. midterm elections and President Trump has ordered the deployment of over 5,000 military troops to the border to help fend off the migrants. Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703507/fact-check-migrants-are-not-overwhelming-the-southwest-border\">insinuated without proof\u003c/a> that there are criminals or even terrorists in the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705971\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060687462.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11705971 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060687462-e1542138150634.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1236\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman taking part in a caravan of migrants from poor Central American countries moving toward the United States in hopes of a better life carries a baby as she waits along the Irapuato-Guadalajara highway in the Mexican state of Guanajuato for a ride to Guadalajara on their trek north, on Nov. 12, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo EstrellaAFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To the thousands of Central American migrants making their way toward Mexico's Pacific Coast state of Nayarit, the prospect of meeting a hostile reception at the border is nothing new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a month on the road, through three countries, migrants like Maribel, 22, from La Ceiba, Honduras, are used to tough conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maribel, who did not want her last name used for fear of reprisals in Honduras, pushed a baby carriage with her 1-year-old daughter while her husband pushed another with their 3-year-old son along a highway leading from Guadalajara to the Nayarit capital of Tepic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are well aware of everything Trump has been saying,\" Maribel said. \"Let them close whatever they want to close, but we are going to get through anyway.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thousands of Central American migrants left shelters in Guadalajara early Tuesday and were taken by bus to a highway toll booth to wait for rides to their next destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They thought other buses would be waiting for them to take them through hurricane-ravaged Nayarit to the neighboring state of Sinaloa, further north. But no other buses showed up and few trucks passed to pick them up, leaving many to walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most appeared intent on taking the Pacific Coast route northward to the border city of Tijuana, which was still about 1,350 miles away. The migrants have come about 1,500 miles since they started out in Honduras around Oct. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they previously suffered from the heat on their journey through Honduras, Guatemala and southern Mexico, they now trek along highways wrapped in blankets to fend off the morning chill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11705970\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060237168-e1542138184731-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants get on board a truck heading to Irapuato in the state of Guanajuato on Nov. 11, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo Estrella/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the caravan previously averaged only about 30 miles a day, the migrants are now covering daily distances of 185 miles or more, partly because they are relying on hitchhiking rather than walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants have hopped aboard different kinds of trucks, regardless of comfort or safety. Some have stacked themselves four levels high on a truck intended for pigs. On Monday, a few boarded a truck carrying a shipment of coffins, while others squeezed into a truck with narrow cages used for transporting chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, especially men, travel on open platform trailers used to transport steel and cars or get in the freight containers of 18-wheelers and ride with one of the back doors open to provide air flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a Honduran man in the caravan died when he fell from a platform truck in the Mexican state of Chiapas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11705977\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11705977 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1060407892-e1542138449115-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Central American migrants, taking part in a caravan heading to the U.S., rest at a temporary shelter in Irapuato, Guanajuato state, Mexico on Nov. 11, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alfredo Estrella/AFP/Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A smaller, second caravan began arriving in Mexico City on Monday. By Tuesday, over 1,000 migrants had set up camp at the same Mexico City sports complex the larger caravan left Saturday. A third caravan was heading toward the capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many say they are fleeing rampant poverty, gang violence and political instability primarily in Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has offered refuge, asylum or work visas, and its government said Monday that 2,697 temporary visas had been issued to individuals and families to cover them during the 45-day application process for more permanent status. Some 533 migrants had requested a voluntary return to their countries, the government reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Pentagon to Send 5,200 Troops to Border, Becerra Calls Deployment 'Disturbing'",
"title": "Pentagon to Send 5,200 Troops to Border, Becerra Calls Deployment 'Disturbing'",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — A week out from the midterm elections, the Pentagon said Monday it is sending 5,200 troops, some armed, to the Southwest border this week in an extraordinary military operation to stop Central American migrants traveling north in two caravans that are still hundreds of miles from the U.S. The number of troops is more than double the 2,000 who are in Syria fighting the Islamic State group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, eager to focus voters on immigration in the lead-up to the elections, stepped up his warnings about the caravans, tweeting: \"This is an invasion of our Country and our Military is waiting for you!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1056919064906469376\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's warning came as the Pentagon began executing \"Operation Faithful Patriot,\" described by the commander of U.S. Northern Command as an effort to help U.S. Customs and Border Protection stiffen defenses at and near legal entry points. Advanced helicopters will allow border protection agents to swoop down on migrants trying to cross illegally, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to secure the border,\" Air Force Gen. Terrence O'Shaughnessy, the Northern Command leader, said at a news conference. He spoke alongside Kevin McAleenan, commissioner of Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight hundred troops are already on their way to southern Texas, O'Shaughnessy said, and their numbers will top 5,200 by week's end. He said troops would focus first on Texas, followed by Arizona and then California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the approaching caravan, California Attorney General Xavier Becerra pushed back on the notion that the migrants are violent and called Trump's plans to use American troops in response \"disturbing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My sense is that these migrants that are traveling by caravan are not looking for violence,\" Becerra said in an interview late last week with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you move troops anywhere, you're moving people who have been trained to defend this country to the point of killing others,\" he said. \"And so we've always been careful in how we deploy our troops. That this president makes such facile use of our troops is disturbing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I believe that this nation has a right as a sovereign nation to decide who comes into the country,\" Becerra added. \"And I believe anyone who wants to enter this country must do it according to our laws. But I also believe that our federal government must abide by those same laws when it exercises its powers in dealing with those who might want to enter the country. And so I fear that this administration is sending the wrong signals to people about how it approaches not just these migrants but the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11357550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11357550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"California Attorney General Xavier Becerra.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The number of people in the first caravan has dwindled to 3,500 from about 7,000, though a second one was gaining steam and marred by violence. About 600 migrants in the second group tried to cross a bridge from Guatemala to Mexico en masse on Monday, but were met by ranks of Mexican federal police who blocked them from entering. The riverbank standoff followed a more violent confrontation Sunday when the migrants used sticks and rocks against Mexico police. One migrant was killed Sunday night by a head wound, but the cause was unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first group passed through the spot via the river — wading or on rafts — and was advancing through southern Mexico. That group appeared to begin as a collection of about 160 who decided to band together in Honduras for protection against the gangs who prey on migrants traveling alone and snowballed as the group moved north. They are mostly from Honduras, where it started, as well as El Salvador and Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, they are poor, carrying belongings that fit into a knapsack and fleeing gang violence or poverty. It's possible there are criminals mixed in, but Trump has not substantiated his claim that members of the MS-13 gang, in particular, are among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11702183 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Some of the thousands of Central American migrants arrive into the small town of Santiago Niltepec on Oct. 29, 2018 in Santiago Niltepec, Mexico. Following a break on Sunday, the migrants, many of them fleeing violence in their home countries, resumed their march towards the U.S. border. As fatigue from the heat, distance, and poor sanitary conditions has set in, the numbers of people participating in the march has slowly dwindled, but a significant group are determined to get to the United Sates. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1200x826.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the thousands of Central American migrants arrive in the small town of Santiago Niltepec on Oct. 29, 2018 in Santiago Niltepec, Mexico. Following a break on Sunday, the migrants, many of them fleeing violence in their home countries, resumed their march toward the U.S. border. As fatigue from the heat, distance and poor sanitary conditions have set in, the numbers of people participating in the march have slowly dwindled, but a significant group are determined to get to the United Sates. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The president's dark description of the caravan belied the fact that any migrants who complete the long trek to the southern U.S. border already face major hurdles, both physical and bureaucratic, to being allowed into the United States. Migrants are entitled under both U.S. and international law to apply for asylum, but it may take a while to make a claim. There is already a bottleneck of asylum-seekers at some U.S. border crossings, in some cases as long as five weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McAleenan said the aim was to deter migrants from crossing illegally between ports, but he conceded his officers were overwhelmed by a surge of asylum-seekers. He also said Mexico was prepared to offer asylum to the caravan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're already seeking asylum, you've been given a generous offer,\" he said of Mexico. \"We want to work with Mexico to manage that flow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House is also weighing additional border security measures, including blocking those traveling in the caravan from seeking legal asylum and preventing them from entering the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The military operation drew quick criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sending active military forces to our southern border is not only a huge waste of taxpayer money, but an unnecessary course of action that will further terrorize and militarize our border communities,\" said Shaw Drake of the American Civil Liberties Union's border rights center at El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11702186 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Some of the thousands of Central American migrants look at a map after arriving into the small town of Santiago Niltepec, Mexico on Oct. 29, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1200x811.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-960x649.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the thousands of Central American migrants look at a map after arriving in the small town of Santiago Niltepec, Mexico, on Oct. 29, 2018. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Military personnel are legally prohibited from engaging in immigration enforcement. The troops will include military police, combat engineers and others helping on the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The escalating rhetoric and expected deployments come as the president has been trying to turn the caravans into a key election issue just days before the midterm elections that will determine whether Republicans maintain control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will be the election of the caravans, the Kavanaughs, law and order, tax cuts, and you know what else? It's going to be the election of common sense,\" Trump said at a rally in Illinois on Saturday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, he tweeted without providing evidence: \"Many Gang Members and some very bad people are mixed into the Caravan heading to our Southern Border.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please go back,\" he urged them, \"you will not be admitted into the United States unless you go through the legal process. This is an invasion of our Country and our Military is waiting for you!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The troops are expected to perform a wide variety of functions, such as transporting supplies for the Border Patrol, but not engage directly with migrants seeking to cross the border, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One U.S. official said the troops will be sent initially to staging bases in California, Texas and Arizona while the CBP works out precisely where it wants the troops positioned. U.S. Transportation Command posted a video on its Facebook page Monday of a C-17 transport plane that it said was delivering Army equipment to the Southwest border in support of Operation Faithful Patriot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. military has already begun delivering jersey barriers to the southern border in conjunction with the deployment plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump escalated his threats against the slow-moving caravan on Monday as the Pentagon prepared to deploy thousands of troops. California’s attorney general called the use of troops ‘facile’ and ‘disturbing.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON — A week out from the midterm elections, the Pentagon said Monday it is sending 5,200 troops, some armed, to the Southwest border this week in an extraordinary military operation to stop Central American migrants traveling north in two caravans that are still hundreds of miles from the U.S. The number of troops is more than double the 2,000 who are in Syria fighting the Islamic State group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, eager to focus voters on immigration in the lead-up to the elections, stepped up his warnings about the caravans, tweeting: \"This is an invasion of our Country and our Military is waiting for you!\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump's warning came as the Pentagon began executing \"Operation Faithful Patriot,\" described by the commander of U.S. Northern Command as an effort to help U.S. Customs and Border Protection stiffen defenses at and near legal entry points. Advanced helicopters will allow border protection agents to swoop down on migrants trying to cross illegally, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to secure the border,\" Air Force Gen. Terrence O'Shaughnessy, the Northern Command leader, said at a news conference. He spoke alongside Kevin McAleenan, commissioner of Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight hundred troops are already on their way to southern Texas, O'Shaughnessy said, and their numbers will top 5,200 by week's end. He said troops would focus first on Texas, followed by Arizona and then California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the approaching caravan, California Attorney General Xavier Becerra pushed back on the notion that the migrants are violent and called Trump's plans to use American troops in response \"disturbing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My sense is that these migrants that are traveling by caravan are not looking for violence,\" Becerra said in an interview late last week with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you move troops anywhere, you're moving people who have been trained to defend this country to the point of killing others,\" he said. \"And so we've always been careful in how we deploy our troops. That this president makes such facile use of our troops is disturbing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I believe that this nation has a right as a sovereign nation to decide who comes into the country,\" Becerra added. \"And I believe anyone who wants to enter this country must do it according to our laws. But I also believe that our federal government must abide by those same laws when it exercises its powers in dealing with those who might want to enter the country. And so I fear that this administration is sending the wrong signals to people about how it approaches not just these migrants but the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11357550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11357550\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"California Attorney General Xavier Becerra.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS23547_GettyImages-530551244-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The number of people in the first caravan has dwindled to 3,500 from about 7,000, though a second one was gaining steam and marred by violence. About 600 migrants in the second group tried to cross a bridge from Guatemala to Mexico en masse on Monday, but were met by ranks of Mexican federal police who blocked them from entering. The riverbank standoff followed a more violent confrontation Sunday when the migrants used sticks and rocks against Mexico police. One migrant was killed Sunday night by a head wound, but the cause was unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first group passed through the spot via the river — wading or on rafts — and was advancing through southern Mexico. That group appeared to begin as a collection of about 160 who decided to band together in Honduras for protection against the gangs who prey on migrants traveling alone and snowballed as the group moved north. They are mostly from Honduras, where it started, as well as El Salvador and Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, they are poor, carrying belongings that fit into a knapsack and fleeing gang violence or poverty. It's possible there are criminals mixed in, but Trump has not substantiated his claim that members of the MS-13 gang, in particular, are among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11702183 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Some of the thousands of Central American migrants arrive into the small town of Santiago Niltepec on Oct. 29, 2018 in Santiago Niltepec, Mexico. Following a break on Sunday, the migrants, many of them fleeing violence in their home countries, resumed their march towards the U.S. border. As fatigue from the heat, distance, and poor sanitary conditions has set in, the numbers of people participating in the march has slowly dwindled, but a significant group are determined to get to the United Sates. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1020x702.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1200x826.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-1180x812.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-960x661.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsArrive-520x358.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the thousands of Central American migrants arrive in the small town of Santiago Niltepec on Oct. 29, 2018 in Santiago Niltepec, Mexico. Following a break on Sunday, the migrants, many of them fleeing violence in their home countries, resumed their march toward the U.S. border. As fatigue from the heat, distance and poor sanitary conditions have set in, the numbers of people participating in the march have slowly dwindled, but a significant group are determined to get to the United Sates. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The president's dark description of the caravan belied the fact that any migrants who complete the long trek to the southern U.S. border already face major hurdles, both physical and bureaucratic, to being allowed into the United States. Migrants are entitled under both U.S. and international law to apply for asylum, but it may take a while to make a claim. There is already a bottleneck of asylum-seekers at some U.S. border crossings, in some cases as long as five weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McAleenan said the aim was to deter migrants from crossing illegally between ports, but he conceded his officers were overwhelmed by a surge of asylum-seekers. He also said Mexico was prepared to offer asylum to the caravan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're already seeking asylum, you've been given a generous offer,\" he said of Mexico. \"We want to work with Mexico to manage that flow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House is also weighing additional border security measures, including blocking those traveling in the caravan from seeking legal asylum and preventing them from entering the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The military operation drew quick criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sending active military forces to our southern border is not only a huge waste of taxpayer money, but an unnecessary course of action that will further terrorize and militarize our border communities,\" said Shaw Drake of the American Civil Liberties Union's border rights center at El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11702186 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Some of the thousands of Central American migrants look at a map after arriving into the small town of Santiago Niltepec, Mexico on Oct. 29, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1200x811.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-960x649.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MigrantsMap-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some of the thousands of Central American migrants look at a map after arriving in the small town of Santiago Niltepec, Mexico, on Oct. 29, 2018. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Military personnel are legally prohibited from engaging in immigration enforcement. The troops will include military police, combat engineers and others helping on the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The escalating rhetoric and expected deployments come as the president has been trying to turn the caravans into a key election issue just days before the midterm elections that will determine whether Republicans maintain control of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will be the election of the caravans, the Kavanaughs, law and order, tax cuts, and you know what else? It's going to be the election of common sense,\" Trump said at a rally in Illinois on Saturday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, he tweeted without providing evidence: \"Many Gang Members and some very bad people are mixed into the Caravan heading to our Southern Border.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please go back,\" he urged them, \"you will not be admitted into the United States unless you go through the legal process. This is an invasion of our Country and our Military is waiting for you!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The troops are expected to perform a wide variety of functions, such as transporting supplies for the Border Patrol, but not engage directly with migrants seeking to cross the border, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One U.S. official said the troops will be sent initially to staging bases in California, Texas and Arizona while the CBP works out precisely where it wants the troops positioned. U.S. Transportation Command posted a video on its Facebook page Monday of a C-17 transport plane that it said was delivering Army equipment to the Southwest border in support of Operation Faithful Patriot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. military has already begun delivering jersey barriers to the southern border in conjunction with the deployment plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
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